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Schwannoma is a benign nerve sheath tumor that most commonly occurs solitary in otherwise normal individuals . Occasionally it presents with multiple form involving several areas along the peripheral nervous system, including cranial nerves, spinal nerve roots, the brachial and lumbosacral plexuses, or major peripheral... |
Rna interference (rnai) has opened new avenues for the systematic analysis of phenotypes . With the completion of many whole genome sequences, rnai allows the depletion of gene products in a wide range of organisms, thus enabling reverse genetic approaches where genetic tools are lacking . The molecular mechanism of rn... |
It has been reported that the lack of insight is prevalent among patients with schizophrenia and that impaired insight is significantly associated with medication noncompliance, frequent relapse, and poor prognosis.15 insight in mental illness is generally a multidimensional concept that includes the following aspects:... |
Brucellosis is one of the world's major bacterial zoonosis and an important cause of a serious debilitating disease in humans; further, it is the cause of abortion and sterility in animals . Brucella canis, a facultative, gram - negative, intracellular pathogen, is the etiologic agent of canine brucellosis . Canine bru... |
To characterize hcv - specific cd8 t cell mediated responses associated with severe liver pathology in acute hcv infection, we analyzed the global profile of the hcv - specific t cell response in eight patients who showed variable outcomes of acute hcv infection (fig . 1 a, patients 1 and 2) that were infected with gen... |
Naja sumatrana, commonly known as the black spitting cobra or equatorial spitting cobra, is the dominant cobra species in peninsular malaysia, singapore, borneo, and sumatra . It was estimated that the highest burden of snake bites exists in south asia, southeast asia, and sub - saharan africa . Cobra bites are common ... |
The setting was the kaiser permanente medical care program of northern california (kpnc), a large group practice prepaid health plan where gdm is diagnosed in accordance with the american diabetes association (ada) guidelines (2,13). The study was conducted in collaboration with the kpnc regional perinatal service cent... |
Florid cemento - osseous dysplasia (fcod) refers to a group of fibro - osseous lesions, which are exuberant, multiquadrant and arise from the tooth - bearing area of the jaws . Fcod is a benign jaw lesion and is discovered most frequently in the mandible of middle - aged black female . It usually presents a multiple ra... |
Gaucher disease (gd) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal glycolipid storage disorder characterized by the accumulation of glucocerebroside (glucosylceramide) in reticuloendothelial cells . The gene coding for the deficient enzyme glucocerebrosidase (acid beta - glucosidase) is located on chromosome 1q21 .three phenotyp... |
Up to 10% of newborn infants require admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) for ongoing medical care [13]. Antibiotic administration is known to perturb the composition of the intestinal microbiota, resulting in suppression of anaerobic bacteria (with the exception of clostridia, which remain at detectabl... |
Night blindness occurs in response to a decrease in rhodopsin in retinal light - sensitive rod cells . Night blindness is usually due to retinitis pigmentosa, which is an inherited disorder (1). Rhodopsin also decreases in response to vitamin a deficiency (vad) (2). According to a world health organization (who) report... |
Here we have reviewed the conventional definitions and fundamental characteristics of the two basic types of stem cells, embryonic stem cells (escs) and somatic stem cells (sscs). By taking into account the often - overlooked asymmetric cell kinetics of sscs, we consider the evidence that should sscs retain these growt... |
Horner's syndrome, along with weakness and atrophy of upper limb, as well as anaesthesia to pain and temperature, is well recognized finding in patients with syringomyelia . Few cases have been reported regarding isolated horner's syndrome as a presenting manifestation of a chiari i malformation with syringomyelia . We... |
Oxcarbazepine (oxc), (chemically known as 10,11-dihydro-10-oxo-5h - dibenzo[b, f]azepine-5-carboxamide), is a novel antiepileptic drug, which was developed as a second generation and a follow - up compound to carbamazepine . Clinically, it has been used to treat several types of epilepsy [13] and bipolar disorders . Th... |
Life in the ocean is dependent on fixation of carbon (c) and nitrogen (n) by planktonic microalgae, ranging in diameter from <1 to> 100 m . These phytoplankton consist of eukaryotic algae, which photosynthetically fix carbon dioxide (co2) into organic matter, and cyanobacteria that fix co2 and also fix di - nitrogen (n... |
The human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is a global pandemic, with cases reported from virtually every country . At the end of 2010, an estimated 34 million people were living with hiv globally, including 3.4 million children less than 15 years . In 2010, an estimated 250 000 children less than 15 years died f... |
Lymphoma, malign melanoma and rhabdomyosarcoma are the most common tumors that metastasize to the breast tissue . Breast metastases in cases of leukemia are very rare and occur primarily in patients with acute myeloid leukemia . We report the conventional and advanced magnetic resonance imaging (mri) findings of unilat... |
. Advanced laparoscopic procedures are increasingly being utilized as an alternative for laparotomy in gynecologic surgery . A metaanalysis of 27 prospective randomized trials has proven the benefits of laparoscopic - assisted vaginal hysterectomy (lavh) compared with abdominal hysterectomy (ah): decreased pain, decrea... |
The data deluge brought about by the genomic projects has fostered an unprecedented level of expectation for new medical, pharmacological, environmental and biotechnological discoveries . Proteins mediate the majority of the functions of an organism, and all these functions are, by and large, determined by the proteins... |
Autophagy is induced downstream of signaling by danger receptors including toll like receptors (tlr; xu et al ., 2007; delgado et al ., 2008), retinoic acid inducible gene i - like receptors (rlr; yano et al ., 2008; cooney et al ., 2010; travassos et al ., xenophagy describes the process by which intracellular microbe... |
In response to a dynamic nutrient environment, cells must assess their metabolic state to decide whether to grow, survive, or die . It has become evident that metabolites themselves must feed back to regulate gene expression, signal transduction, and various protein activities in cellular decision - making processes . ... |
The importance of evidence - based practice (ebp) in allied health is well documented in the literature.1,2 clinical decisions that are based on patients unique circumstances, sound clinical expertise, and the best available research evidence are known to deliver the best outcomes for patients and their families.35 all... |
Embryonic development and later rejuvenation of adult tissue is regulated by a population of stem cells that, by undergoing self - renewal maintain their own pool and give rise to differentiated progenitors that replace cells used up during the life cycle (1). Therefore, scs are guardians of tissue / organ integrity an... |
Abnormal involuntary movements may appear in any part of the body, and can be embarrassing, distressing, disfiguring or dangerous . Tremor is an involuntary rhythmic oscillation of one or more parts of body about a fixed plane in space . Tremors are observed with the use of various drugs, including tricyclic antidepres... |
Lobular carcinoma in situ (lcis) is a form of in situ neoplasia that develops within the terminal lobules of the breast . It is extremely rare in males due to the lack of lobular development in the male breast . Furthermore, there is scarce data on the utility of screening mri for male patients who are known to have hi... |
The prevalence of obesity is 35.5% among men and 35.8% among women and in iran it has been reported 42.9% among men and 56.9% among women . Obesity is related to increased risk of hyper - tension, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, arthritis, gallbladder disease, and cancer . Mechanisms of physiological, psycho... |
Refractory ascites can occur in patients with conditions such as liver cirrhosis, congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, and lupus serositis1 and in many cases cause abdominal discomfort and respiratory distress to the patient . The treatments for refractory ascites, eg, bed rest, salt and water restriction, diu... |
The behavior of oral health providers and their attitudes towards their own oral health reflect their understanding of the importance of preventive dental procedures and improving the oral health of their patients . Also, dental students should instruct their friends, family members, patients and their society to maint... |
Treacher collins syndrome (tcs) is a severe congenital disorder of craniofacial development characterized by numerous developmental anomalies that are restricted to the head and face . Hypoplasia of the facial bones, particularly the mandible and zygomatic complex, is an extremely common feature of tcs . Although the c... |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2 dm) is a progressive disease where hyperglycemia occurs when insulin secretion fails to keep pace with insulin resistance.1 therefore, long - term disease management warrants intensification of treatment over time, especially in step with declining beta - cell function.2 in general, t2 dm m... |
Filters are publication dates from january 1, 2008, to december 31, 2013 . All of the titles were generated by the search, and the abstracts were reviewed for relevance, after which the full articles were obtained for those selected . The articles were evaluated by level of evidence (loe) and strength of recommendation... |
Recombinant atxa, atnl and its quadruple h28y / l31v / n33g / s49d mutant lw were prepared by in vitro refolding following expression in e. coli as described . All other chemicals were from sigma aldrich or gibco life technologies . Adult male balb / c mice (2025 g) were maintained and humanely killed according to the ... |
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a gram - negative oral anaerobe that is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, an inflammatory disease that destroys the tissues supporting the tooth which eventually may lead to tooth loss . Among the over 500 bacterial species living in the oral cavity, a bacterial complex named re... |
Bipolar disorders (bd) are of particular public health significance as they are prevalent, severe and disabling, and often associated with elevated risks of premature mortality, adverse medical outcomes, accidents, and complications from comorbid substance use disorders.1 the world health organization reported, in 2001... |
A 3-month - old girl child presented to us with a history of swelling on back since birth . She had a history of full term normal vaginal delivery with no significant family history . There was complete flaccid paralysis of right lower extremity with normal anal tone . On local examination, an initial diagnosis of a my... |
Interact is a large, prospective, case - cohort study of 27,779 individuals from eight european countries (denmark, france, germany, italy, the netherlands, spain, sweden, and u.k .) Nested within the european prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (epic) (20). The objective of the study was to investigate... |
Cigarette butts and other tobacco product waste (tpw) items are the most ubiquitous form of litter worldwide, with an estimated 4.5 trillion of the estimated annual 6 trillion globally consumed cigarettes deposited as butts somewhere into the environment each year . This material comprises the largest percentage of was... |
Astasia is a clinical postural disorder characterized by the inability to stand without external support despite having sufficient muscle strength . This symptom can be observed in post - stroke patients who have experienced thalamic hemorrhage or ischemia1,2,3, and it is frequently accompanied by falling toward the co... |
A 34-year - old male presented with proptosis of the left eye (os) in november 2014 since 2 years with occasional pain and blurred vision . Best - corrected visual acuity was 6/6, n6 right eye (od), 6/18 with pinhole improvement to 6/9, n10 (os). Axial proptosis was noted with hertel's exophthalmometry measurement of 1... |
The prevalence of placenta previa has been recently estimated to be approximately 0.5% of all pregnancies, and this increase correlates to the elevated cesarean section rate1 . Placenta previa is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality because of the associated massive antepartum and intrapartum hemorrhage 2,... |
Edcs are chemicals that interfere with the biosynthesis, metabolism, or action of endogenous hormones resulting in deviation from normal developmental programming and reproductive function . The male sexual differentiation is entirely androgen - dependent and therefore highly susceptible to edcs that disrupt androgen a... |
Myostatin, encoded by the mstn gene (previously referred to as gdf8), is a member of the transforming growth factor superfamily that normally acts to limit skeletal muscle mass by regulating both the number and growth of muscle fibres [1, 2]. Mstn is synthesized as precursor and upon proteolytic processing gives an n -... |
Small cell lung cancer (sclc) represents 1320% of all new lung cancer diagnoses . It is the most aggressive histological subtype of lung cancer, with a strong predilection for early metastases . The brain is a common site of metastasis in sclc . At the initial diagnosis, at least 10% of the patients with sclc already h... |
In partnership with the government of bangladesh, the us centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) and the international centre for diarrhoeal disease research, bangladesh (icddr, b) established nationwide hospital - based surveillance to identify clusters of persons with life - threatening influenza virus infec... |
It is estimated that 4% to 7% of adults in the unites states have palpable nodules upon examination . With the advent of ultrasonographic (us) techniques for assessment of the thyroid gland, it is now believed that a nodule can be detected in as many as 67% of the normal population . The first and foremost obstacle for... |
Tullus et al . Recently published an algorithm for the orderly investigation of renovascular hypertension in children, in which ultrasonography is one of the primary studies . Doppler ultrasound non - invasively assesses renal artery flow, but is less sensitive than angiography . Computed tomographic (ct) angiography a... |
The spectrum of age - related, ebv - positive lymphoproliferative disorders (aebvlpd) was first described by oyama and coworkers and distinctively occurs in elderly patients without any history of immunosuppression 1 . Further analysis of aebvlpd cases revealed a heterogeneous group of diseases with very different clin... |
Intracranial germ cell tumors (gcts) are rare neoplasms that typically arise in the pineal and suprasellar regions . They account for 0.5 - 3% of all pediatric tumors of the central nervous system (cns), germinomas being the most common histological type . Although the production of tumor - associated human chorionic g... |
Bacterial, parasitic, viral infections and almost all of the immunosuppressive drugs used can produce diarrhea; however, inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is rare in the transplant recipient . A 46-year - old man who developed end - stage renal disease (esrd) of unknown etiology underwent live related renal transplantat... |
The increasingly expanding biomedical and biophysical research areas trace back to the human genome project (hgp) founded and started in 1990 as a manhood's big challenge for providing scientific findings to better understand biochemistry, molecular biology and medical sciences 1 . In the year 2001 the human's genome d... |
Recent technological advances allow the rapid generation of vast quantities of molecular biological data . At the same time, the sequencing of the human genome and subsequent efforts to catalogue the variation within it have created opportunities for testing thousands of sequence variations for association with disease... |
Asbestos causes lung fibrosis known as asbestosis, a few benign pleural diseases such as pleural plaque and effusion, and malignant diseases such as mesothelioma and lung cancers [15]. Furthermore, cancers in other organs such as the gastrointestinal tract, larynx, kidney, liver, pancreas, ovary, and hematopoietic syst... |
This condition was defined by the international elbow working group (iewg) in 1993 to include fragmented medial coronoid process (fmcp), osteochondrosis of the humerus (oc), ununited anconeal process (uap), articular cartilage injury, and incongruity of the elbow joint . These disorders are associated with varying degr... |
Primary biliary cirrhosis (pbc) is an autoimmune disease in which the intrahepatic bile ducts are targeted by an immunemediated injury . Pbc is associated with a range of conditions, including sjgren's syndrome in 70% of patients 2, autoimmune thyroid disease in approximately 10%, and systemic sclerosis in 15% 3 . Howe... |
Exercise - induced bronchoconstriction (eib), also referred to as exercise - induced asthma (eia), is a manifestation of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (bhr) that occurs in the majority of patients with current symptomatic asthma, especially in the patients with moderately to severely increased responsiveness [13]. The ... |
A 74-year - old man presented with mild dyspnea and chest discomfort for 30 months . Trans - thoracic echocardiographic findings showed a left atrial echogenic mass (21.5 cm) (fig . 1). A provisional diagnosis of a left atrial (la) myxoma was made, and the patient was admitted for the surgical excision of the tumor . C... |
Blunt trauma of the abdominal wall can lead to a traumatic abdominal wall hernia (tawh). Defined tawh as the herniation through disrupted musculature and fascia associated with adequate trauma, without skin penetration, and no evidence of a prior hernia defect at the site of injury . Although this type of hernia is unu... |
Silicone intubation of the lacrimal system has become very popular in the treatment of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstructions (cnldo) resistant to conservative therapy and/or probing [16]. Bicanalicular intubation (bci) has been used since the 1970s, and various techniques have been described, whereas monocanalicula... |
It is the most common surgical operation throughout the world, and is one of the most common rituals in jewish and islamic cultures . Most circumcisions are performed for religious reasons as in islamic countries and few are performed for medical reasons . Although circumcision is considered to be a technically simple ... |
They have significant effect on the synthesis, mobilization, and metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins . Dyslipidemia is a common metabolic abnormality in patients with thyroid disease, in either the overt or the subclinical forms of the disease . It has been known that overt hypothyroidism is associated with premature... |
Parathyroid carcinoma is the least common endocrine malignancy, and accounted for only 0.005% of cases reported to the national cancer database (ncdb) between 1985 and 1995 . Roughly half of cases are diagnosed between ages 45 and 60 years, but the tumor arises over a wide age range . In the ncdb case series, overall 5... |
Furthermore, these molecules are involved in modulation of adhesion processes at the endothelium and thus promote the transendothelial migration of leukocytes (haptotaxis). In addition, some chemokines stimulate angiogenesis or angiostasis and thus may play a further role in the suppression of tumor growth or the estab... |
Echinococcosis in an important parasitic infection that is still a common health problem in undeveloped and developing countries (1). The right atrium, right ventricle, and liver have been reported as embolic origins of such cysts (4). Here, we present a case of embolism of a hydatid cyst inside the left main pulmonary... |
They are usually originates from the frontal and ethmoid sinus and much less frequently seen in the maxillary and sphenoid sinuses . Although the lamina papyracea is a part of ethmoid bone, a giant osteoma originated from the lamina papyracea is very uncommon . Headache, proptosis, epiphora, diplopia, dizziness, facial... |
It is generally believed that nano - grained ceramics have their unique mechanical characteristics that are not commonly found in their coarse - grained counterparts . Strength is an important aspect of material for mechanical and particular applications under loading and static pressure . In some case, it is desirable... |
A 56-year - old korean woman presented with blurred vision in the right eye of two months duration . She received a pdt treatment for cnv with angioid streaks in her right eye at another medical center one month before presentation . She also had a history of two pdt treatments for cnv with angioid streaks in her other... |
To replace a missing tooth with a dental implant, existence of the adequate bone is an essential prerequisite . Sometimes, there is a lack of available bone as a consequence of atrophy, trauma, failure to develop or surgical resection . Several grafting materials including autografts, allografts, xenografts and allopla... |
Mycetoma pedis, or madura foot, was first described as a clinical entity by gill in 1842, from a clinic in madurai, india . In 1880, carter coined the term mycetoma . The disease can be caused by one of two organisms, the eumyces, or true fungi (eumycetoma), or actinomyces, filamentous bacteria of the order actinomycet... |
Recent guidelines for the management of hypertension have recognized the relevance of albuminuria and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (egfr) value <60 ml min per 1.73 m on cardiovascular (cv) prognosis of hypertensive patients . The presence or absence of albumin in urine and the level of egfr allow patients to... |
An 18-year - old male reported to outpatient department of deepa nursing home on december 13, 2013 with the complaint of fever, malaise, myalgia, and unilateral tenderness on the right side of the face with overlying facial edema since 2 days . The pain and swelling were associated with earache and difficulty to eat, s... |
Diabetic neuropathy is the most common neuropathy and is associated with a wide range of clinical manifestations . It tends to occur after 50 years of age, and mostly in patients with long - standing diabetes mellitus . It results from microvascular injury involving small blood vessels that supply nerves, but macrovasc... |
The age - old model of observation followed by attempt (ie, see one, do one, teach one) still exists and is still considered common in residency and fellowship training.1 other modalities available to today s medical learner include formal didactic lectures and multimedia learning (eg, mobile devices, textbooks, and in... |
Obesity is a well - established risk factor for obesity - related cancers, especially for crc . The prevalence of obesity has doubled world - wide 1980 and at least 500 million people are classified as obese (body mass index [bmi] 30 kg / m). Lifestyle - based behavioral and pharmacological interventions for weight los... |
Acyclovir and its congeners can rarely result in psychosis, mania and neurotoxicity in elderly, immunocompromised individuals. [14] however, there are no reports of acyclovir - associated hypomania in psychiatric population . Mrs a is a 55-yr - old lady with bipolar affective disorder for the last 33 years with hypothy... |
Diabetes mellitus is one of the main endocrine diseases, which is more prevalent in the worldwide . Cardio - vascular disease, as one of several chronic disorders, is the major complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2 dm). Cardio - vascular disease may result from associated abnormalities of plasma lipid and lipopr... |
Iron deficiency anemia was present in 1% to 2% of adults who according to the third national health and nutrition examination survey (nhanes iii).2 iron deficiency occurs in 11% of women, most often premenopausal, as well occurring in up to 4% of men . Iron deficiency anemia is one of the common anemias and is usually ... |
Computer - assisted surgery has been popularized in orthopedic surgery in the last 10 years . Whilst a number of recent randomized control trials have shown some benefit in terms of implant position over conventional jig - based referencing,1 many navigation systems require the use of reference arrays, which are fixed ... |
In this issue of critical care, yildiz and colleagues reported the first randomized, controlled trial on the efficacy and safety of physiologic doses of steroids in severe sepsis . During the past 5 years, five phase ii trials and a phase iii placebo - controlled trial on cortisol replacement, i.e. Prolonged treatment ... |
Gemination is an uncommon anomaly caused by the incomplete attempt of a single tooth bud to form two teeth.1 geminated teeth are found more frequently in primary dentition than permanent dentition.24 the prevalence in the latter ranges from 0.07% to 2.1%.57 maxillary central incisors were found to be the most commonly ... |
Infection is probably the most dangerous and feared complication after total hip arthroplasty (tha). Since timely treatment is mandatory to increase the chance of success, careful patient monitoring and prompt irrigation and debridement of possibly infected wounds are essential . Absorbable sutures are widely used for ... |
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (nf1) is a common autosomal dominant genetic disorder with an incidence of approximately 1 in 3,000 - 3,500 individuals worldwide (1). Nf1 is clinically characterized by the presence of well established phenotypic features, including caf - au - lait (cal) spots, neurofibromas, freckling of the ... |
A 32-year - old male came to us with complaints of cystic lesions in both lids [figs . 1, 2a and b]. He was diagnosed to have lipoid proteinosis elsewhere and was completely screened for systemic involvement . A buccal mucosal biopsy taken elsewhere showed deposition of pas - positive hyaline material [fig . 3]. There ... |
Mayaro fever is a dengue - like acute viral disease that is usually self - limiting . Its agent is an alphavirus that belongs to the togaviridae family within the semliki forest virus antigenic complex . The first isolation of mayaro virus was made in august and september of 1954 in five febrile patients from mayaro co... |
The capacity of drugs to inhibit the bile salt export pump (bsep) has been correlated with clinical drug induced liver injury (dili). Furthermore, known inhibitors of bsep and other bile acid (ba) transporters have been implicated in the case studies of dili . Glibenclamide has been associated with lobular liver injury... |
Straight back syndrome has been reported to be a pseudo - heart disease that can mimic congenital abnormalities, especially atrial septal defect (asd) (1). However, three - dimensional anatomical recognition of this rare disease entity appears to be insufficient . In this case report, we demonstrate the detailed anatom... |
Primary duodenal tumors are rare, accounting for less than 1% among all gastrointestinal tumors [1, 2]. Brunner's gland adenoma, also known as brunner's hamartoma is a rare benign small bowel neoplasm with an estimated incidence of less than 0.01% . Generally, it is an incidental finding discovered in an upper gastroin... |
Total knee arthroplasty (tka) malalignment is related to an unsatisfactory outcome, including patella maltracking, anterior knee pain, flexion instability and early loosening . Furthermore, inadequate positioning particularly of the femoral component is a common indication for revision [2, 8]. Using the conventional an... |
The hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (hpv) is physiologically and clinically important phenomenon to prevent systemic hypoxemia by diverting pulmonary blood flow from unventilated area to normoxic regions of lung . The oxygen (o2) sensing mechanisms of pulmonary arteries have been long dispute . Although the o2-depen... |
Traumatic brain injury (tbi) caused by a direct mechanical insult to the brain induces cerebral contusion and motor and cognitive dysfunction [14]. Recent studies have indicated that populations of damaged or destroyed neurons can be replenished by proliferation of neural stem cells (nscs) [5, 6] or newly forming neuro... |
There are few evidences about type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2 dm) in frail elderly subjects and, specifically, in older patients living in long - term care residences [13]. These patients have usually reduced life expectancy, poor general health, and at least some degree of functional dependence and/or cognitive impairmen... |
A stroke is a disorder that results from a dysfunction in the brain anatomically due to problems in the cerebrovascular blood supply and vessel hemorrhage . Depending on the location and seriousness of the damaged in the brain, stroke patients can have sensory - motor dysfunction, proprioception deficits and hypertonus... |
Bacterial meningitis is frequently accompanied by intracranial and systemic complications, such as septic shock, adult respiratory distress syndrome, or disseminated intravascular coagulation in children . However, spinal cord involvement is an extremely rare complication of bacterial meningitis in adults5). Recurrent ... |
99% of the 1,000 different mitochondrial proteins are produced on cytosolic ribosomes and are imported into the organelle (sickmann et al . Dolezal et al ., 2006; van der laan et al ., 2006a). The classic pathway of protein import into mitochondria involves n - terminal presequences on the precursor proteins (fig . 1).... |
The simultaneous or sequential development of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (aiha) and immune thrombocytopenia (itp) and/or immune neutropenia in the absence of any underlying cause was described as the evans syndrome (es) by evans et al ., in 1951 . Since its first description, es was considered as an idiopathic conditi... |
Biomarkers are tools that should aid the physician in diagnosis, in risk stratification with prediction of outcome, and, at best, in clinical decision - making . Because the usual renal biomarkers (for example, serum creatinine and/or urine output) may fail to detect acute kidney injury (aki) at early onset, there is a... |
Cylindroma is a benign skin adnexal neoplasm that presents in the head and neck region . The tumor may be single or multiple, and is commonly located on the scalp . Histopathology is diagnostic with characteristic' jigsaw puzzle' architecture and features of ductular differentiation . A 58-year - old man presented to t... |
Embryonic stem cells have the ability to ultimately differentiate into all types of cells in our bodies, whereas tissue stem cells (also known as adult stem cells) serve as immediate sources of cell supply to their resident tissues . Stem cell research has offered the promise of effective cell - based therapies in trea... |
Cardiovascular disease (cvd) is the main cause of death and it imposes a burden across the world.1) developed countries have already reduced the cvd mortality rate considerably through the identification and selection of high - risk groups, and the application of direct interventions, such as education and the prescrip... |
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