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Overweight and obesity accompanied by low levels of physical activity are a widespread and growing global problem . Worldwide, the proportion of overweight and obese adults has increased in the last 20 years and continues to increase in children and adolescents in developed and developing countries . In a large us surv... |
Situated between the neuroretina and choroid, it performs several functions that are crucial for supporting sight . Among the most important are phagocytosis of shed photoreceptor (pr) outer segments, regeneration of the visual cycle pigment rhodopsin, transportation of glucose and nutrients from the choroid to the dis... |
Ewing's sarcoma (es) is a rare malignant small round cell tumor that primarily affects the skeletal system . It accounts for 4 to 10% of all types of bone cancer, with long bones and pelvis being the most common locations . It affects mainly adolescents and young adults and is rarely seen before the age of 5 and after ... |
True metastases from solid tumors in lung, skin (melanoma), gastrointestinal tract, kidney, testes, and endocrine glands are reported only in 0.2% of all surgical prostatic specimens and 2.9% of all male postmortems . Lung is the most common primary site of metastases to the prostate . In all series direct spread of bl... |
Spasm of esophagus is often suggested as the cause of unexplained chest pain or dysphagia . Once cardiovascular disease and structural disease have been excluded, esophageal manometry should be performed to detect motility disorders as the cause of symptoms.1 diffuse esophageal spasm (des) is an uncommon motility disor... |
For the 53 selected cases, 28 right and left bone marrow samples were allocated to the edta (sigma - aldrich, st . Louis, mo, usa) protocol and hcl (calci - clear rapid, national diagnostics, atlanta, ga, usa) protocol, respectively . Samples from the 25 remaining cases were assigned to the rdo gold (rdo) group (apex e... |
The presence and modulation of neuronal responses within specific time and frequency bands has been implicated in the implementation of perception and cognition within the brain . There is also increasing evidence that the most plausible mechanism for the generation of temporally organized network activity is in recipr... |
Through the process of natural selection, nature has evolved well - adapted macromolecular structures that interact with biological small molecules . Oxidoreductases, for example, rely on the nicotinamide coenzymes to supply them with the redox equivalents required to sustain their catalytic cycles . Two forms of natur... |
When upgrading a material from a low value to a higher value, two main issues need to be considered: the type of potential end - product(s) and the required properties . This study focuses on the extrusion of protein - based plastics for potential use in packaging for two reasons . The present variety of packages is ex... |
The presentation of nb can range from localized tumors to disseminated forms, which have different prognoses and require different treatment . Therefore, determining the disease extent and stage at the time of diagnosis is important . A number of genetic and biological markers have been investigated for detection of mi... |
In recent years, the increasing prevalence of infectious diseases resistant to chemotherapy has caused an urgent need to discover and develop new antibiotics . In this context, strain hhs.015, isolated from roots of cucumber plants, belongs to saccharothrix actinomycete [1, 2]. The isolate showed a broad antimicrobial ... |
It is also known as drumstick tree or horseradish tree; the leaves are very beneficial and offer important source of beta - carotene, vitamin c, protein, iron, and potassium . The m. oleifera plant is native to the indian subcontinent and has been used by the indians for almost 5000 years . M. oleifera tree can grow we... |
Glycated hemoglobin (hba1c) has been considered as an important marker of long - term glycemic control . In the recent past, the american diabetes association has suggested the use of hba1c as diagnostic tool for prediabetes and diabetes . A value between 5.7% and 6.5% represents prediabetes while a value 6.5% is consi... |
Zinc is an essential trace element required for the growth of humans and other animals.13 prasad et al1 described a syndrome characterized by dwarfism, hypogonadism, hepatosplenomegaly and zinc - deficiency . In later years, besides iran, it has been reported from egypt, turkey, portugal, morocco, yugoslavia, and other... |
A longstanding computational theory attributes successful memory to a balance between two complementary functions mediated by the hippocampal dentate gyrus and ca3 regions, which receive input from layer ii neurons of the entorhinal cortex . The model proposes that pattern separation, a function ascribed to the granule... |
. They control gene expression by targeting the cleavage of cognate mrnas or by inhibiting their translation (13). Therefore, when studying the biology of any organism, it is of utmost importance to quantify precisely the expression level of each particular microrna gene during organ development . Northern hybridizatio... |
[12, 13] originally defined sarcopenia as being two standard deviations below the normal appendicular muscle mass divided by height squared, numerous groups have examined the prevalence of low muscle mass . Multiple techniques have been used to measure muscle mass, e.g., dual - energy x - ray absorptiometry (dexa), com... |
These herbs are relatively cheap and available, and their use depends on ancestral experience [1 - 3]. Medicinal plants represent a great deal of untapped reservoirs of drugs, and the structural diversity of their components make a valuable source of novel compounds [3, 4]. Thus, there is a growing interest in the util... |
The flexion - relaxation phenomenon (frp) is the myoelectric silencing of a muscle during a full - flexion maneuver1 . The frp of the erector spinae (es) muscles shows silencing during upright to full - flexion lumbar movement in asymptomatic subjects . The phenomenon involves the transfer of the role of the extension ... |
It is commonly reported in (1422%) of population studies3, however a recent study found that 25% of employees report fatigue at work4, 5 . Fatigue is characterized by progressive withdrawal of attention from the environment and demands due to tiredness, dislike of the present activity, and unwillingness to continue, or... |
Bendamustine is an anticancer drug, which has recently evolved as an important agent for a number of lymphoid malignancies in europe and the usa . The drug consists of an alkylating nitrogen mustard group bound to a purine - like benzimidazole ring, and because of this unique bifunctional structure the bendamustine act... |
Tpx2 (targeting protein for the xenopus kinesin xklp2) is a protein essential for spindle assembly and chromosome interaction with microtubules . Tpx2 level of expression is critical for spindle function, and altered expression is associated with aneuploidy and cancer . In agreement with a previous report, we show that... |
Tethered cord syndrome (tcs) is a well - known clinical entity and is characterized by motor and sensorial changes in the legs, back pain, foot deformities, urinary dysfunction and spinal deformity . Scoliosis can be a unique and leading sign of tcs.1 in the classic description of tcs by hoffman et al.,2 scoliosis was ... |
Medical archives is the oldest medical journal in bosnia and herzegovina (b&h) (founded in 1947 . ). A total of 104 articles were published in medical archives during 2015 . Analyzing the type of articles, original articles are present in majority during 201580.7% (in last seven years, 561 (76%) were original out of 73... |
Cancer of the eyelid accounts for 5 - 10% of all skin cancers with 90% being basal cell carcinoma (bcc). Post - operative radiotherapy is usually indicated depending upon the presence of high - risk features for recurrence . Positive surgical margins in primary bcc excisions in the head and neck region were reported to... |
The way in which individuals respond to daily stressors is a determinant of reactivity of the sympathetic - adrenal - medullary (sam) and hypothalamic - pituitary - adrenal (hpa) axes and contributes to allostatic load . In order to fully understand the reactivity of these axes it is necessary to observe individuals wh... |
Infectious adverse events after transrectal prostate biopsy (tpbx) have been increasing, and even septic and fatal cases have been reported . Fluoroquinolones have long been used for prophylactic administration owing to their good efficacy and high concentration in the prostate after dosing . However, especially in uri... |
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (t1 dm) is characterized by a loss of beta cell mass due to an autoimmune process . In a phase prior to the onset, immune cells infiltrate the islets creating an inflammatory microenvironment responsible for the -cell - specific toxicity . Proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1 beta (... |
Recognition of the importance of ion channel regulation by phosphoinositides (pips), especially phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (ptdins(4,5)p2), continues to grow . In earlier studies, the effects of ptdins(4,5)p2 application were examined directly, or a ptdins(4,5)p2 antibody, ptdins(4,5)p2 scavenger (poly - l -... |
During a 10-month period, 30 non - consecutive patients (6 males and 24 females [age range; 32 - 80 years, mean age; 53.7 years]) with 30 rccs that were detected on ct scan were referred to us for performing us before the masses were histologically confirmed . All of the patients underwent a gray - scale us and an adi ... |
Behavioral neuroscience, with the backing of the national institutes of health (nih), has made tremendous progress in establishing powerful tools and techniques that have been used primarily in a small number of model organisms . The nervous system of c. elegans has been poked and prodded in ways previously unimaginabl... |
Recently, all - ceramic fixed partial dentures (fpds) were introduced; these are currently in use in clinical dental treatment . Due to their superior aesthetics, all - ceramic restorations provide a more desirable approach compared with metal - ceramic combinations for the restoration of natural dentition.1 the applic... |
Time - dependent density functional theory (td - dft) has been in the limelight of quantum chemistry during the past decade . Indeed, paralleling the success of dft for the ground - state (gs), td - dft has now become the most widely applied method to explore the excited - state (es) properties of medium and large comp... |
A number of respiratory viruses including influenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza viruses, adenovirus and the recently described human metapneumovirus (hmpv) play an important role in acute respiratory tract infections (ari) in children . However, in a substantial portion of respiratory infe... |
Laparoscopy in patients with poor cardiac function has been the subject of controversy and is considered by many surgeons a relative contraindication . We report the case of a patient who presented with acute cholecystitis and choledocholithiasis concurrent with unstable angina . Our experience in laparoscopic manageme... |
Inflammatory pseudotumors constitute a heterogenous group of reactive lesions characterized by a mixture of inflammatory cells and a minor component of spindle cells . This benign lesion needs to be distinguished from an inflammatory pseudotumor - like follicular dendritic cell (ipt - like fdc) tumor, a distinctive low... |
According to an estimation of the world health organization (who), more than 366 million people worldwide will have diabetes mellitus in 2030; the urban population in developing countries is projected to double between 2000 and 2030 . Diabetes mellitus (dm) is an endocrine and metabolic disease which affects almost all... |
Participants consisted of 108 (66 men and 42 women) older adults with one or more chronic diseases including diabetes, coronary heart disease, chronic pain, and hypertension . The sample was recruited from several retirement clubs such as kholde barin club and tamine ejtemai organization in shiraz - iran, using conveni... |
We recruited patients who were initially diagnosed with ntg at seoul national university hospital glaucoma clinic from september 2007 to march 2009 . Ntg was diagnosed based on clinical and visual field evaluations as well as glaucomatous optic nerve changes with corresponding visual field defects and a peak iop of les... |
Iodine deficiency has been well documented in many parts of the developing world and surprisingly it has reemerged in australia despite various programs to reduce its incidence [1, 2]. Urinary iodine levels, which are used as a measure of dietary iodine intake, have declined over the past decade, and australia is now d... |
The ionic constituents that directly participate in neuronal excitability, evidence is accumulating that sodium homeostasis plays a central role in migraine from both human and animal studies: cerebrospinal fluid (csf) sodium (but not calcium, magnesium, or potassium) increases during migraine in the absence of any cha... |
It is a relatively common tumor, comprising approximately 5% of all benign soft tissue tumors, and shows a predilection to affect the sensory nerves . Intraosseous neurilemmoma, however, is very rare, accounting for less than 1% of benign bone tumors . The mandible is the most frequently affected site, followed by the ... |
Carpal tunnel syndrome (cts) is the most frequent entrapment neuropathy, which occurs as a consequence of compression of the median nerve at the wrist . The diagnosis is usually based on characteristic symptoms and signs, and electrophysiological studies4,21). The most reliable method to confirm clinical diagnosis of c... |
Vascular injury is an uncommon but potentially devastating complication of spine surgery . Throughout its course, the aorta remains in close proximity to the thoracic and lumbar spine and is at risk from malpositioned pedicle screws or other hardware.1 despite this risk, the reported rate of vascular injury from spine ... |
Both wild and captive reptiles are frequently affected by external parasites . Of these, acarids (ticks and mites) are the most commonly encountered . The most commonectoparasite in captive snakes is the hematophagous snake mite (ophionyssus natricis) belonging to the macronyssidae family of the suborder mesostigmata (... |
Urinary tract infections in diabetics are a common occurrence, and they may be complicated by the presence of gas producing organisms . Emphysematous infection of the kidney is well known, but such infections are rare in the testis and epididymis . These infections are often referred to the surgeon, because of the like... |
The genome sequences of gdah16 and gdse16 have been deposited in genbank under the accession numbers ky347898, ky347899. |
Gemella morbillorum is a gram - positive, catalase - negative, facultatively anaerobic coccus that often behaves as commensal bacteria of the mucous membranes of oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract . However, in some rare cases, this bacterium has been implicated in serious invasive infections,... |
In 1960 nowell first described lymphocyte activation by mitogenic lectins to result in " blastic transformation " and subsequent mitosis, which are complex cellular events that require several days to evolve . More than 40 years later, we have advanced considerably in our understanding of the cellular and molecular eve... |
Direct invasion or metastasis of malignant lymphoma in the middle ear is rare and the clinical features remain unknown [1, 2]. We treated a case of non - hodgkin b - cell lymphoma (nhbl) in the middle ear presenting as recalcitrant otitis media and mastoiditis associated with transverse sinus thrombosis . The patient w... |
Patients aged 12 years with asthma were eligible if they could demonstrate a 12% and 200-ml reversibility of fev1 following albuterol inhalation at screening and had a best evening fev1 of 40% to 85% of the predicted normal value at screening and at randomization . Before screening, patients had been taking ics for 12 ... |
Hyperinsulinemia and elevated circulation angiotensin ii (ang ii) level tend to concomitantly occur in obesity patients and contribute to obesity - related hypertension . In recent years, a number of studies found a cross talk, at multiple levels, between ang ii and insulin [26]. Several studies showed that ang ii coul... |
Polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) is a heterogeneous and complex endocrine disorder associated with hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance signs and symptoms such as obesity, abnormal glucose tolerance test or type 2 diabetes, abnormal blood lipid profile, high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease (1). This disord... |
Adhesive bond failure between acrylic teeth and resin material is the most routine type of failure in dental practice . Appropriate bonding of acrylic teeth to denture base resin is essential as it increases strength since the teeth becomes an intrinsic part of the prosthesis . The bond strength between acrylic teeth a... |
Phosphorylation of proteins is the most abundant posttranslational modification used in regulatory mechanisms in eukaryotic cells (khoury et al ., 2011). Advanced techniques of phosphoproteomics have led to the identification of tens of thousands of phosphorylated sites in protein kinase targets . A closer look at phos... |
Medication - assisted treatment (mat; sometimes known as opioid substitution therapy or opioid replacement therapy) is widely accepted as one of the most effective interventions for opioid dependence.1 however, variations in treatment access and provision exist across countries . Open - access, whereby treatment is pre... |
A thorough understanding of root canal anatomy and morphology is required for achieving high levels of success in endodontic treatment . Failure to recognize variations in root or root canal anatomy can result in the unsuccessful endodontic treatment . Hence, it is imperative that the clinician be well informed and ale... |
It is regarded as the most expensive disorder among all psychiatric disorders in terms of health care expenditure per patient.1 a recent japanese study estimated the annual burden of disease to exceed 3.5 million yen per patient (approximately us$30,000).2 most of the costs can be attributed to the loss of working abil... |
Less commonly, this condition presents in teenagers and young adults often with less aggressive features.4 coats disease is a major simulator of retinoblastoma, a life - threatening pediatric ocular malignancy.14 in a study of angiographic findings of patients with coats disease, we noticed that occlusion of the retina... |
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (jia) is the most common chronic rheumatic disease of childhood . It is an heterogeneous disease group of unknown aetiology with distinct presentation, clinical features, and genetic background . Jia is a complex genetic disease caused by the effects of environmental factors and multiple g... |
The myocyte enhancer factor 2 (mef2) proteins belong to the mads (mcm-1-agamous - deficiens - serum response factor) box evolutionarily conserved family of transcription factors (tf). Four vertebrate genes encode for distinct isoforms (a - d) of the mef2 family, whose expression is detected in a wide range of tissues, ... |
Today there is a great debate about the role of inflammation in control and regulation of tumor microenvironment directly influencing the development of neoplasms . Inflammation plays a fundamental role in tumor dynamic and is accepted as one of the hallmarks of cancer [1, 2]. Currently there are two marked ways by whi... |
The meiotic cell cycle in mammalian oocytes proceeds up to the diplotene or dictiate stage of the first prophase and stay at this phase before lh surge (hubbard & terranova, 1982; dutta et al ., 2016). During growth phase of the follicle, the oocyte remains the arrested condition at prophase i. at this time it is incom... |
Cardiomyopathies are difficult and complicated diseases of heart muscle associated with heart failure and/or sudden cardiac death, which are classified by the world health organization (who) in 1995 into four main forms; hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (hcm), dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm), restrictive cardiomyopathy (rcm), ... |
In tissue engineering research, it is necessary to develop effective culture substrates for cells to facilitate regeneration of deficient tissue . It has been shown that the environment surrounding cells has a significant effect on cell behavior . The physical conditions of any scaffold to which cells adhere are an imp... |
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd) deficiency is one of the most common hereditary hemolytic disorders in human, affecting around 400 million people worldwide . The majority of deficient individuals live in tropical and subtropical regions where malaria is still endemic or has been eradicated only recently . In f... |
Two days after the onset of fever, vomiting, and diarrhea, a 10-month - old previously healthy boy was admitted with generalized tonic - clonic seizure . Brain ct, performed elsewhere, revealed the presence of symmetric low - density thalamic lesions . On admission conventional brain mr images obtained using a 1.5-t sy... |
In past three decades, minimal access and minimally invasive techniques have been firmly established in the field of surgery . Though, initially it was restricted to abdominal and gynaecological surgeries, minimal access techniques have been employed in sub specialities in the latter period . Similarly, thyroidectomy i... |
Different cystic lesions may occur both in the brain parenchyma and in the ventricular system, alone or in association to hydrocephalus . These include porencephalic cysts, ependymal cysts, cysts arising from a defect in the hemispheric cleavage and from the choroid plexus (1). They are typically small and asymptomatic... |
Pulmonary tuberculosis is divided into primary and post - primary types according to pathogenic and radiological features . Pleural involvement is generally seen in the form of a pleural effusion, which can be a component of both primary and post - primary tuberculosis . Empyema, residual pleural thickening and calcifi... |
Age - related macular degeneration (amd) is a progressive disease characterized by the degeneration of retinal pigment epithelium (rpe) and photoreceptor atrophy in the macula [1, 2]. Recently, the inflammasome, a multimeric protein consisting of nod - like receptor (nlr), apoptosis - associated speck - like domain con... |
It is generally whitish, yellowish, or greenish vaginal discharge in females that might be normal or a symptom of infection . It is almost mucus discharge, which exhibit exfoliation of vaginal epithelial cells due to estrogen influence on the vaginal mucosa . Leucorrhea is a well - known disease in iranian traditional ... |
The babydiab study examined the natural history of islet autoimmunity in children of patients with type 1 diabetes (8). Families were eligible if one or both parents had type 1 diabetes . Venous blood samples were obtained from children at study visits scheduled at age 9 months and 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, and 20 years . I... |
Cystic fibrosis (cf) or mucoviscidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disorder where the primary cause of morbidity and mortality is pulmonary destruction, characterized by chronic inflammation, bacterial colonization and frequent exacerbations (1, 2). Cf is an autosomal - recesive disease caused by mutations in the cf ... |
Dna and rna nucleobases contain the genetic information of all living cells and play a vital role in the development and functioning of all known living organisms . Because of their importance in maintaining the genome integrity during cell replication, increasing attention continues to be devoted to understanding the ... |
Congenital lip pits are malformations that occur on the paramedial portion of the vermilion border of the lip . If it occurs along with cleft lip and palate, it is termed as vander woude's syndrome . The other anomalies which may or may not be associated with syndrome are hypodontia, hypoplasia, ankyloglossia, high arc... |
Prostate cancer (pca), the most frequently diagnosed malignancy, has become the second leading cause of cancer - related deaths among men in western countries [1, 2]. Endocrine therapies which aimed at inhibiting the androgen receptor (ar) function was the mainstay of treatment for advanced prostate cancer based on tha... |
Ultra - high magnification endoscopy, also known as endocytoscopy (ec) or endomicroscopy, enables assessment of the muscularis propria (mp) or myenteric plexus in vivo through a submucosal tunnel 1 2 3 . This technique is expected to be applicable for clinical use for the treatment of neuromuscular diseases because the... |
Cardiovascular diseases (cvds) are the leading cause of death worldwide composed of heart and blood vessel diseases . In the recent years, the incidence of cvds has been increasing at a sharp rate globally . According to the world health report 2010, cvds contributed to 17.5 million deaths and these numbers are estimat... |
Strabismus, also referred to as squint, presents as a misalignment of the eyes . Strabismus is also a feature of several syndromes, such as congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles, duane retraction syndrome, and chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia . Population - based studies show that the familial clusteri... |
Chronic hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection is a major worldwide cause of liver - related deaths, including those caused by cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma . The eradication of hcv using interferon - based treatment improves liver - related mortality and reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development . R... |
Nondopaminergic and nonmotor symptoms of parkinson's disease (pd), which include psychiatric, autonomic, and gastrointestinal symptoms, are sometimes present before a diagnosis of pd and almost inevitably emerge with the disease progression . In contrast to motor symptoms of pd, nonmotor symptoms have been poorly recog... |
We conducted a cross - sectional study among poultry farmers and cullers from 1 district in each of the 5 provinces (chachoengsao, kanchanaburi, khon kaen, sukhothai, and suphanburi) where outbreaks of avian influenza (h5n1) among poultry and human infections had been confirmed since january 2004 (figure). With the ass... |
This advantage is enhanced through sealant strength in penetrating to the depth of the fissures and retention in the porosity of the etched enamel surfaces . The better the resin and the etched enamel contact, the more increased will be the adhesion of s sealant to the enamel . Therefore, the cleaner the teeth surface ... |
Urine has now become one of the most attractive biological fluids in clinical proteomics [1, 2]. A number of urinary proteomic studies have been conducted and have revealed urinary biomarker candidates for renal systemic diseases and malignancies of urinary tract [35]. Proteomic analysis of urines can be applied to bio... |
Cutis laxa is a rare connective tissue disorder, which may be inherited or acquired, and is characterized by progressive looseness of skin, associated with abnormalities of other organs and structures such as lung, vasculature or gastrointestinal tract as they contain elastic tissues . The hereditary form of cutis laxa... |
Pierre robin sequence (prs) is the triad of glossoptosis, micrognathia, and cleft palate1 . Varying degrees of airway obstruction are a major problem that may be encountered in these patients . If left untreated, these airway obstructions can lead to acute and chronic hypoxia, apnea, cyanosis, aspirations, respiratory ... |
The research sample consisted of 40 individuals with asd who referred to forensic medicine centers of mazandaran province and 40 individuals with war - related ptsd following displacement after iran - iraq war who referred to clinical centers of mazandaran province . Then, 40 individuals who had the experience of traum... |
Cord blood is currently used as a source of hematopoietic stem cells (hscs) to treat a variety of malignant and nonmalignant hematologic disorders [15]. Its utilization has expanded beyond the pediatric field thanks to several favorable factors, including ease of collection, prompt availability, absence of risk to dono... |
Infection is one of the major complications of total knee arthroplasty (tka) that can be best treated with two - stage revision arthroplasty1,2). However, the use of non - articulating spacers, such as bead spacers and static block spacers, in two - stage revision has been associated with undesirable side effects: the ... |
The purpose of this article is to report on the opening plenary session of the association of chiropractic colleges educational conference research agenda conference (acc - rac) 2014, aiming for effective change: leadership in chiropractic education, research and clinical practice . Speakers with extensive backgrounds ... |
Transurethral resection of the prostate (turp) is considered the best option for treating benign prostatic enlargement (bpe); however, it is associated with significant bleeding . In recent years, we have seen a gradual increase in life expectancy and, particularly in more developed countries, an increased incidence of... |
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (cpvt) is an inherited arrhythmogenic disease that can cause syncope or sudden cardiac death during emotional or physical stress in the absence of detectable structural heart disease and a prolonged qt interval on an electrocardiogram (ecg). Mutations in two genes, ... |
In molecular biology, the comparative analysis of organisms exhibiting different phenotypes is still mostly performed on the level of genes . However, many genes encode proteins that are involved in complex metabolic pathways, whose functions result from the interplay of all involved enzymes . So to understand the phen... |
Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia which often leads to nerve injury probably through the induction of systemic and neuronal oxidative stress (1, 2). It has been shown that high glucose (hg) induces oxidative stress and cell death via nadph oxidase dependent generation of rea... |
There is ample evidence showing that 711% of hcv - infected children and adult individuals have thyroid dysfunction, mainly subclinical hypothyroidism, prior to the initiation of treatment [1, 2]. The association between autoimmune thyroiditis in hcv - infected patients, in particular in subjects with hcv - related mix... |
Eight adult cats weighing between 2.9 and 4.4 (mean, 3.9) kg were used in this study . Each animal was anesthetized with 5% halothane administered through an endotracheal tube by a mechanical ventilator (mini-7; royal medical, seoul, korea). Pancuronium bromide (panslan; reyon pharmaceutical, seoul, korea) (0.6 mg / kg... |
Enhancing the coupling of light and matter at the level of a few photons is one of the challenges inevitable in fundamental research in quantum optics . It is likewise important in applications related to quantum information processing and quantum communication . Without any advanced measures the coupling of light and ... |
Deep vein thrombosis, ischemic stroke, and pulmonary embolism are manifestations of the same disease process, summed up over 100 years ago by rudolph virchow.1 his hypothesis that thrombosis was the result of the interaction of the three factors stasis of blood flow, hypercoagulability of the blood, and damage to the v... |
Grip was a prospective, nonrandomized, open - label phase iv study performed in 55 centers in 9 countries (germany [18 centers], italy, spain, austria, switzerland, canada, australia, south korea, and thailand). The primary objective was to assess the magnitude of potential risk of developing nsf after gadobutrol admin... |
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