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https://w3techs.com/technologies/cross/operating_system/dns_server | Usage Survey of Operating Systems broken down by DNS Server Providers advertise here provided by Q-Success Home Technologies Reports API Sites Quality Users Blog Forum FAQ Search Featured products and services advertise here Technologies Content Management Server-side Languages Client-side Languages JavaScript Libraries CSS Frameworks Web Servers Web Panels Operating Systems Web Hosting Data Centers Reverse Proxies DNS Servers Email Servers SSL Certificate Authorities Content Delivery Traffic Analysis Tools Advertising Networks Tag Managers Social Widgets Site Elements Structured Data Markup Languages Character Encodings Image File Formats Top Level Domains Server Locations Content Languages Related Reports Transposition Technologies > Operating Systems > by DNS Servers Usage of operating systems broken down by DNS server providers Detailed statistics in our extensive operating systems market report. Learn more This diagram shows the percentages of websites using various operating systems broken down by DNS server providers. Cross-technology reports only include technologies with more than 1% usage to ensure statistical significance of the results. See technologies overview for explanations on the methodologies used in the surveys. How to read the diagram: Unix is used by 90.8% of all the websites whose operating system we know. Unix is used by 94.1% of all the websites whose operating system we know and that use Cloudflare as DNS server provider. Unix 90.8% 94.1% 81.7% 78.4% 99.9% 92.7% 99.9% 87.0% 80.7% 91.4% 94.1% 95.7% 97.2% 91.7% 97.3% 86.1% 64.0% 95.1% 92.9% Windows 9.4% 6.1% 18.7% 22.2% 0.1% 7.5% 0.1% 13.5% 19.6% 8.8% 6.0% 4.4% 2.9% 8.5% 2.7% 14.1% 36.3% 5.0% 7.3% W3Techs.com, 13 January 2026 Overall Cloudflare GoDaddy Group Newfold Digital Group Hostinger United Internet Wix Amazon team.blue Google OVH GMO Internet Group Namecheap SiteGround XServer IBM Group Aruba Group Group.one Your.Online Percentages of websites using various operating systems broken down by DNS server providers Note: a website may use more than one operating system More detailed statistics You can find complete breakdown reports of 33 operating systems in our operating systems market reports . Share this page Technology Brief Operating Systems An operating system of a computer is the underlying program, that performs its basic user interactions and forms the basis of all other programs. Latest related posting read all Web Technologies of the Year 2025 5 January 2026 We compiled the list of web technologies that saw the largest increase in usage in 2025. » more advertise here About Us Disclaimer Terms of Use Privacy Policy Advertising Contact W3Techs on LinkedIn Mastodon Bluesky Copyright © 2009-2026 Q-Success | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/jobs/tencent-jobs-worldwide?f_C=166328&trk=top-card_top-card-primary-button-top-card-primary-cta | 627 Tencent jobs in Worldwide Skip to main content LinkedIn Tencent in Worldwide Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Sign in Join for free Tencent Clear text Tencent (627) Jeeves (60) Primer (26) NBBJ Design (23) Aspire (23) Done Any time Any time (619) Past month (220) Past week (82) Past 24 hours (16) Done Job type Full-time (541) Part-time (12) Contract (25) Internship (49) Done Experience level Internship (140) Entry level (175) Associate (33) Mid-Senior level (257) Director (10) Done Remote On-site (627) Done Reset Get notified when a new job is posted. Set alert Sign in to set job alerts for “Tencent” roles. Sign in Welcome back Email or phone Password Show Forgot password? Sign in or By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . New to LinkedIn? Join now or New to LinkedIn? Join now By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . Tencent jobs 627 Tencent Jobs in Worldwide Product Intern Product Intern Tencent San Francisco Bay Area 1 month ago Data Scientist Data Scientist Tencent Palo Alto, CA 2 months ago Game Research Assistant (Internship) Game Research Assistant (Internship) Tencent Los Angeles, CA 2 months ago **** **** ******** ****** **** **** ******** ****** ******* ******, *******, ****** ******* 4 weeks ago ** ******** ******** ****** ** ******** ******** ****** ******* **** ****, ** 9 hours ago ****** ******* ******* ****** ******* ******* ******* **** ****, ** 9 months ago ****** ******** ********* (**********) ****** ******** ********* (**********) ******* ******, *******, ****** ******* 3 weeks ago Sign in to view all job postings Sign in Welcome back Email or phone Password Show Forgot password? Sign in or By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . New to LinkedIn? Join now or By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines العربية (Arabic) বাংলা (Bangla) Čeština (Czech) Dansk (Danish) Deutsch (German) Ελληνικά (Greek) English (English) Español (Spanish) فارسی (Persian) Suomi (Finnish) Français (French) हिंदी (Hindi) Magyar (Hungarian) Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian) Italiano (Italian) עברית (Hebrew) 日本語 (Japanese) 한국어 (Korean) मराठी (Marathi) Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) Nederlands (Dutch) Norsk (Norwegian) ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi) Polski (Polish) Português (Portuguese) Română (Romanian) Русский (Russian) Svenska (Swedish) తెలుగు (Telugu) ภาษาไทย (Thai) Tagalog (Tagalog) Türkçe (Turkish) Українська (Ukrainian) Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese) 简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified)) 正體中文 (Chinese (Traditional)) Language Agree & Join LinkedIn By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . Sign in to view more jobs Sign in Welcome back Email or phone Password Show Forgot password? Sign in or By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . New to LinkedIn? Join now or New to LinkedIn? Join now By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/atlassian-jira-service-management/?trk=products_details_guest_similar_products_section_similar_products_section_product_link_result-card_full-click | Jira Service Management | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Atlassian in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Jira Service Management Service Desk Software by Atlassian See who's skilled in this Add as skill Try now Report this product About Collaborate at high velocity, respond to business changes, and deliver great customer and employee service experiences fast. This product is intended for Project Manager Software Engineer Developer Information Technology Manager Information Technology Specialist Senior Project Manager Web Developer Chief Technology Officer Information Technology Project Manager Media Products media viewer No more previous content Introducing Jira Service Management Jira Service Management, the next generation of Jira Service Desk, empowers teams to collaborate at high-velocity, so they can respond to business changes and deliver great customer and employee service experiences fast. Knowledge Management Leverage Confluence for an open approach to knowledge management. Foster team collaboration across ITSM practices. Asset Management Unlike legacy CMDBs, a flexible and open data structure allows teams to manage any asset. Efficiently track ownership and lifecycles, and reduce costs. Configuration Management Gain visibility into the infrastructure that supports applications and services. Anticipate the downstream impact of changes, so your dev and ops teams can manage risk and rapidly resolve incidents when they do occur. ITSM on-the-go With the Jira Service Management mobile app, submit, approve, and resolve issues quickly, from wherever you are. No more next content Featured customers of Jira Service Management Twitter Software Development 1,569,205 followers Square Software Development 672,363 followers The Telegraph Media Production 161,621 followers Domino's Restaurants 507,168 followers Sotheby's Artists and Writers 274,341 followers Perforce Puppet IT Services and IT Consulting 60,549 followers Similar products Freshservice Freshservice Service Desk Software Intercom Intercom Service Desk Software Atomicwork Atomicwork Service Desk Software SolarWinds Service Desk SolarWinds Service Desk Service Desk Software Service Desk Service Desk Service Desk Software TOPdesk TOPdesk Service Desk Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Atlassian products Bamboo Bamboo DevOps Software Compass Compass DevOps Software Crowd Crowd Identity & Access Management (IAM) Software Fisheye Fisheye Version Control Hosting Software Focus Focus Strategic Planning Software Guard Guard Security Information & Event Management (SIEM) Software Jira Jira Project Management Software Jira Align Jira Align Project Management Software Jira Product Discovery Jira Product Discovery Project Management Software Rovo Rovo Enterprise Search Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://w3techs.com/technologies/cross/operating_system/tag_manager | Usage Survey of Operating Systems broken down by Tag Managers advertise here provided by Q-Success Home Technologies Reports API Sites Quality Users Blog Forum FAQ Search Featured products and services advertise here Technologies Content Management Server-side Languages Client-side Languages JavaScript Libraries CSS Frameworks Web Servers Web Panels Operating Systems Web Hosting Data Centers Reverse Proxies DNS Servers Email Servers SSL Certificate Authorities Content Delivery Traffic Analysis Tools Advertising Networks Tag Managers Social Widgets Site Elements Structured Data Markup Languages Character Encodings Image File Formats Top Level Domains Server Locations Content Languages Related Reports Transposition Technologies > Operating Systems > by Tag Managers Usage of operating systems broken down by tag managers Detailed statistics in our extensive operating systems market report. Learn more This diagram shows the percentages of websites using various operating systems broken down by tag managers. Cross-technology reports only include technologies with more than 1% usage to ensure statistical significance of the results. See technologies overview for explanations on the methodologies used in the surveys. How to read the diagram: Unix is used by 90.8% of all the websites whose operating system we know. Unix is used by 90.8% of all the websites whose operating system we know and that use Google Tag Manager as tag manager. Unix 90.8% 90.8% Windows 9.4% 9.5% W3Techs.com, 13 January 2026 Overall Google Tag Manager Percentages of websites using various operating systems broken down by tag managers Note: a website may use more than one operating system More detailed statistics You can find complete breakdown reports of 33 operating systems in our operating systems market reports . Share this page Technology Brief Operating Systems An operating system of a computer is the underlying program, that performs its basic user interactions and forms the basis of all other programs. Latest related posting read all Web Technologies of the Year 2025 5 January 2026 We compiled the list of web technologies that saw the largest increase in usage in 2025. » more advertise here About Us Disclaimer Terms of Use Privacy Policy Advertising Contact W3Techs on LinkedIn Mastodon Bluesky Copyright © 2009-2026 Q-Success | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/categories/email-software?trk=products_details_guest_other_products_by_org_section_product_link_result-card_subtitle-click#main-content | Best Email Software | Products | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Clear text Used by Used by Information Technology Manager (8) Chief Executive Officer (5) Chief Technology Officer (4) Marketing Manager (4) Chief Financial Officer (4) See all products Find top products in Email Software category Software used to access and manage electronic mail through desktop applications or web browsers. - Send and receive, filter, archive, and create folders for messages - Use address books, mailing lists, and app-based integration tools - Create and manage custom addresses and user accounts - Insert attachments in the form of text files, images, videos, and folders Can include custom email hosting solutions. 225 results Notion Mail Email Software by Notion The inbox that thinks like you. Meet Notion Mail, the inbox that organizes itself, drafts emails, and schedules meetings any way you'd like. View product Proton Mail Email Software by Proton Proton Mail is the world's largest secure email service, developed by CERN and MIT scientists. We are open source and protected by Swiss privacy law. As a privacy-focused email service, Proton Mail uses end-to-end encryption, and offers full support for PGP and standalone email clients via Proton Mail Bridge. It offers a Gmail-like user interface, secure compatibility with other email providers, and does not track its users. Namely, Proton Mail cannot read the content of any of its users' emails stored encrypted on our servers (this applies to attachments too). View product Titan Email Email Software by Titan Titan is the first professional email suite specially built with the vision of enabling better customer relationships for professionals and businesses with their customers. Titan is currently available to users through its partnerships with leading web presence providers, including WordPress.com. For anyone purchasing a WordPress.com website, Titan is available to all customers, with a three-month free trial for new customers. View product HEY Email Software by 37signals Email sucked for years. Not anymore — we fixed it. HEY’s fresh approach transforms email into something you want to use, not something you’re forced to deal with. View product Superhuman Mail Email Software by Superhuman Mail Powerful, beautiful, and blazingly fast: Superhuman is the fastest email experience ever made. Our customers fly through their inbox twice as fast as before. More than half hit Inbox Zero within 4 hours of starting. Experience renewed focus. Heightened productivity. And more time for what really matters. View product Find products trusted by professionals in your network See which products are used by connections in your network and those that share similar job titles Sign in to view full insights OMAIL Email Software by ONPASSIVE O-Mail is a web email platform created by ONPASSIVE. The platform enables the users to exchange communication and gives them a unique experience of communicating effortlessly. O-Mail has various features that make it the best email platform and a significant competitor in the global market. View product Sedna Email Software by Sedna Sedna is a data-driven communication platform built to drive profitability in Maritime, by lightening the manual work of managing email and presenting data so teams can make better decisions. Sedna provides businesses with a competitive edge by seamlessly connecting an organisation's ecosystem with their communication, leveraging data and messages to empower teams with vital context and faster ways to manage email. View product Warmy.io - Email channel. Reliable. Email Software by Warmy.io - Email channel. Reliable. Auto all-in-one tool for email deliverability to make your Email Channel Reliable. 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Download a free trial, request a demo or contact us for more information. View product See more How it works Explore Discover the best product for your need from a growing catalog of 25,000 products and categories trusted by LinkedIn professionals Learn Evaluate new tools, explore trending products in your industry and see who in your network is skilled in the product Grow Join communities of product users to learn best practices, celebrate your progress and accelerate your career LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/akamai-technologies-akamai-prolexic-routed/?trk=products_seo_search | Akamai Prolexic Routed | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Akamai Technologies in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Akamai Prolexic Routed DDoS Protection Software by Akamai Technologies See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About Prolexic solutions provide fully managed DDoS protection for your applications, data centers, and network infrastructure. Similar products Cloudflare DDoS Protection Cloudflare DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Cloudflare Spectrum Cloudflare Spectrum DDoS Protection Software OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Kona DDoS Defender Kona DDoS Defender DDoS Protection Software Kaspersky DDoS Protection Kaspersky DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Akamai Technologies products Akamai Edge DNS Akamai Edge DNS Managed DNS Services Software Akamai Identity Cloud Akamai Identity Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM) Software Akamai IoT Edge Connect Akamai IoT Edge Connect Internet of Things (IoT) Software Aura Managed CDN Aura Managed CDN Content Delivery Network (CDN) Software BOCC BOCC Live Streaming Software DNSi AuthServe DNSi AuthServe Managed DNS Services Software DNSi Big Data Connector DNSi Big Data Connector Managed DNS Services Software Enterprise Threat Protector Enterprise Threat Protector Secure Web Gateways Media Services Live Media Services Live Live Streaming Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/signup/cold-join?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fcompany%2Fefficientfrontier&trk=organization_guest_main-feed-card_social-actions-reactions | Sign Up | LinkedIn Join LinkedIn now — it’s free! Not you? Remove photo Join LinkedIn To create a LinkedIn account, you must understand how LinkedIn processes your personal information by selecting learn more for each item listed. Agree to all terms We collect and use personal information. Learn more We share personal information with third parties to provide our services. Learn more Further information is available in our Korea Privacy Addendum . Privacy Policy Addendum 1 of 2 2 of 2 Agree to the term Continue Back Agree to all terms Email Password Show Keep me logged in First name Last name By clicking Agree & Join, you agree to the LinkedIn User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . Agree & Join or Security verification Already on LinkedIn? Sign in Looking to create a page for a business? Get help LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines العربية (Arabic) বাংলা (Bangla) Čeština (Czech) Dansk (Danish) Deutsch (German) Ελληνικά (Greek) English (English) Español (Spanish) فارسی (Persian) Suomi (Finnish) Français (French) हिंदी (Hindi) Magyar (Hungarian) Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian) Italiano (Italian) עברית (Hebrew) 日本語 (Japanese) 한국어 (Korean) मराठी (Marathi) Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) Nederlands (Dutch) Norsk (Norwegian) ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi) Polski (Polish) Português (Portuguese) Română (Romanian) Русский (Russian) Svenska (Swedish) తెలుగు (Telugu) ภาษาไทย (Thai) Tagalog (Tagalog) Türkçe (Turkish) Українська (Ukrainian) Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese) 简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified)) 正體中文 (Chinese (Traditional)) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/notionhq-notion-mail/ | Notion Mail | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Notion in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Notion Mail Email Software by Notion See who's skilled in this Add as skill Get started Report this product About The inbox that thinks like you. Meet Notion Mail, the inbox that organizes itself, drafts emails, and schedules meetings any way you'd like. Media Products media viewer No more previous content Meet Notion Mail Every reply drafted, effortlessly. Every meeting scheduled, instantly. Every email organized, automatically. No more next content Similar products Proton Mail Proton Mail Email Software Titan Email Titan Email Email Software HEY HEY Email Software Superhuman Mail Superhuman Mail Email Software OMAIL OMAIL Email Software Sedna Sedna Email Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Notion products Notion Notion Knowledge Management Software Notion Calendar Notion Calendar Calendar Software LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/netscout-arbor-edge-defense/?trk=products_seo_search | Arbor Edge Defense | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn NETSCOUT in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Arbor Edge Defense DDoS Protection Software by NETSCOUT See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About Arbor Edge Defense is an inline security appliance deployed at the network perimeter that can automatically detect and block inbound threats and outbound malicious communication using highly scalable, stateless technology and unique, global threat intelligence. This product is intended for Cyber Security Engineer Chief Executive Officer Chief Information Officer Network Operations Center Head of Security Security Engineer Director of Security Information Technology Specialist Cyber Security Specialist Media Products media viewer No more previous content Smart Perimeter Protection With NETSCOUT Arbor Edge Defense (AED) NETSCOUT Arbor Edge Defense (AED) blocks inbound threats such as DDoS attacks, and outbound communication from compromised internal hosts - acting as a first and last line of smart, automated, perimeter defense. Perimeter Defense Best Practices Using Arbor Edge Defense NETSCOUT Arbor Edge Defense acts as a first and last line of smart, automated perimeter defense for an organization. It’s deployed on-premise, where it acts as a first line of defense, by blocking inbound DDoS attacks, protecting stateful security devices. Demo: Blocking Ransomware Attack with Arbor Edge Defense Acting as a last line of defense, AED detects and blocks outbound indicators of compromise (or IoCs) that has been missed by other tools in your security stack to stop the proliferation of malware before a data breach. NETSCOUT’s Arbor Edge Defense: The First and Last Line of Defense Adam Bixler, Director, Product Management at NETSCOUT, discusses NETSCOUT AED’s unique functionality and how it augments and strengthens traditional endpoint security. Learn about the value of integrating threat intelligence and DDoS defense as a first and last line of defense. Visit the product page for more information: http://www.netscout.link/6001EPXxb Get VPN Protection with NETSCOUT Arbor Edge Defense A DDoS attack poses a major threat to the availability of the VPN gateway. As employees continue to work from home, protecting the availability of your VPN gateway from DDoS attacks is critical. Unlike a cloud-based DDoS protection solution, NETSCOUT Arbor Edge Defense is a stateless, on-premise solution that can instantaneously detect and mitigate DDoS attacks against the VPN gateway, enabling you to maintain home-based employee productivity and business continuity. No more next content Similar products Cloudflare DDoS Protection Cloudflare DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Cloudflare Spectrum Cloudflare Spectrum DDoS Protection Software Akamai Prolexic Routed Akamai Prolexic Routed DDoS Protection Software OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Kona DDoS Defender Kona DDoS Defender DDoS Protection Software Kaspersky DDoS Protection Kaspersky DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less NETSCOUT products Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Arbor Sightline Arbor Sightline Network Monitoring Software Arbor Threat Mitigation System (TMS) Arbor Threat Mitigation System (TMS) DDoS Protection Software InfiniStreamNG (ISNG) InfiniStreamNG (ISNG) Business Continuity Software nGenius Business Analytics nGenius Business Analytics Business Intelligence (BI) Software nGeniusONE nGeniusONE Application Performance Monitoring (APM) Software nGeniusPULSE nGeniusPULSE Network Management Software Omnis Threat Horizon Omnis Threat Horizon DDoS Protection Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/posts/efficientfrontier_altcoin-market-making-has-changed-this-activity-7416763308822859776-o547 | Altcoin market making has changed. This cycle never had an altseason. 2025 saw liquidity get sucked up by a final few memecoin scams, some large token launches, and crypto DATs & equities. Then we… | Efficient Frontier Agree & Join LinkedIn By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . Skip to main content LinkedIn Top Content People Learning Jobs Games Sign in Join for free Efficient Frontier’s Post Efficient Frontier 2,473 followers 39m Report this post Altcoin market making has changed. This cycle never had an altseason. 2025 saw liquidity get sucked up by a final few memecoin scams, some large token launches, and crypto DATs & equities. Then we had October 10th to kick alts while they were down. Altcoins need to change their approach to liquidity, and so too do the market makers. Rarely does only a standard call option trading model solve all the token’s needs. We need to think outside the box. Treasury management, perps dex trading, revenue generation and basis trading are just a few of the areas Efficient Frontier are supporting clients on now. It is time to think outside the box. To zig while others are zagging. Whether your priority is maintain strong liquidity on exchanges or earning yield on your idle treasury, we have the solution for you. 1 Like Comment Share Copy LinkedIn Facebook X To view or add a comment, sign in 2,473 followers View Profile Connect Explore content categories Career Productivity Finance Soft Skills & Emotional Intelligence Project Management Education Technology Leadership Ecommerce User Experience Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines العربية (Arabic) বাংলা (Bangla) Čeština (Czech) Dansk (Danish) Deutsch (German) Ελληνικά (Greek) English (English) Español (Spanish) فارسی (Persian) Suomi (Finnish) Français (French) हिंदी (Hindi) Magyar (Hungarian) Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian) Italiano (Italian) עברית (Hebrew) 日本語 (Japanese) 한국어 (Korean) मराठी (Marathi) Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) Nederlands (Dutch) Norsk (Norwegian) ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi) Polski (Polish) Português (Portuguese) Română (Romanian) Русский (Russian) Svenska (Swedish) తెలుగు (Telugu) ภาษาไทย (Thai) Tagalog (Tagalog) Türkçe (Turkish) Українська (Ukrainian) Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese) 简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified)) 正體中文 (Chinese (Traditional)) Language Sign in to view more content Create your free account or sign in to continue your search Sign in Welcome back Email or phone Password Show Forgot password? Sign in or By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . New to LinkedIn? Join now or New to LinkedIn? Join now By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/leadsquared-lead-management/?trk=products_details_guest_other_products_by_org_section_product_link_result-card_image-click | Lead Management | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn LeadSquared in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Lead Management Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by LeadSquared See who's skilled in this Add as skill Request demo Report this product About Find all the tools you need to manage your leads and convert every sales opportunity. 1. Lead capture automation: Capture leads from all sources – website, Facebook, Google, lead providers, referrals – onto one platform with zero leakage. 2. Quality & engagement scoring: Auto-qualify leads based on pre-defined rules. Assign scores based on actions they take. 3. Lead distribution: Easily track and distribute leads between your teams based on requirements. 4. Sales & Marketing automation: Automate sales processes. Communicate with leads across various channels - WhatsApp, SMS, Email, Phone, etc. 5. Built-in dialer: Call prospects in just one click. Track and record conversations to ensure high compliance and productivity. 6. Real-time dashboards & reports: Over 135+ reports help you measure every piece of your process – from campaign spending to sales closure rates. Media Products media viewer No more previous content Manage Leads and Accounts Without Any Hassle Mobile Lead Management App for Field Force Sales Lead Management Made Easy Spot up Selling and Cross Selling Opportunities No more next content Featured customers of Lead Management Practo Hospitals and Health Care 141,137 followers Poonawalla Fincorp Financial Services 286,791 followers Similar products Sales Cloud Sales Cloud Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Zoho CRM Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Bigin by Zoho CRM Bigin by Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Experian DataShare Experian DataShare Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Odoo CRM Odoo CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Freshsales Freshsales Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less LeadSquared products LeadSquared Converse LeadSquared Converse Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared CRM LeadSquared CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Customer Portal LeadSquared Customer Portal Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Marketing Automation LeadSquared Marketing Automation Marketing Automation Software LeadSquared Mobile CRM LeadSquared Mobile CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Sales Execution CRM LeadSquared Sales Execution CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Sales Performance Suite LeadSquared Sales Performance Suite Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/login?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fcompany%2Fefficientfrontier&fromSignIn=true&trk=top-card_top-card-secondary-button-top-card-secondary-cta | LinkedIn Login, Sign in | LinkedIn Sign in Sign in with Apple Sign in with a passkey By clicking Continue, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . or Email or phone Password Show Forgot password? Keep me logged in Sign in We’ve emailed a one-time link to your primary email address Click on the link to sign in instantly to your LinkedIn account. If you don’t see the email in your inbox, check your spam folder. Resend email Back New to LinkedIn? Join now Agree & Join LinkedIn By clicking Continue, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . LinkedIn © 2026 User Agreement Privacy Policy Community Guidelines Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Send Feedback Language العربية (Arabic) বাংলা (Bangla) Čeština (Czech) Dansk (Danish) Deutsch (German) Ελληνικά (Greek) English (English) Español (Spanish) فارسی (Persian) Suomi (Finnish) Français (French) हिंदी (Hindi) Magyar (Hungarian) Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian) Italiano (Italian) עברית (Hebrew) 日本語 (Japanese) 한국어 (Korean) मराठी (Marathi) Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) Nederlands (Dutch) Norsk (Norwegian) ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi) Polski (Polish) Português (Portuguese) Română (Romanian) Русский (Russian) Svenska (Swedish) తెలుగు (Telugu) ภาษาไทย (Thai) Tagalog (Tagalog) Türkçe (Turkish) Українська (Ukrainian) Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese) 简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified)) 正體中文 (Chinese (Traditional)) | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/marketo-engage?similarProducts=true&trk=products_details_guest_similar_products_section_sign_in | Adobe Marketo | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Adobe Marketo in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Adobe Marketo Marketing Automation Software by Adobe Marketo See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About End-to-end engagement for modern demand marketing. Deliver exceptional experiences across every stage of the customer journey to drive efficient growth in concert with Sales. Media Products media viewer No more previous content No more next content Similar products Marketing Cloud Marketing Cloud Marketing Automation Software Zoho Campaigns Zoho Campaigns Marketing Automation Software Freshmarketer Freshmarketer Marketing Automation Software HCL Unica HCL Unica Marketing Automation Software Brevo (formerly Sendinblue) Brevo (formerly Sendinblue) Marketing Automation Software RD Station Marketing RD Station Marketing Marketing Automation Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/leadsquared-marketing-automation/ | LeadSquared Marketing Automation | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn LeadSquared in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in LeadSquared Marketing Automation Marketing Automation Software by LeadSquared See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About LeadSquared is an end-to-end marketing automation software, helping 1000+ businesses worldwide push leads faster down the sales funnel and build meaningful prospect relationships. With LeadSquared, businesses can: • Reduce lead leakage to zero with landing pages, connectors, APIs and more • Understand intent with 360-degree user profile, behavior, activity + social tracking and more • Identify a user’s intent to buy with tracking and trigger engagement actions • Pre-build user behavior + engagement flows for important actions, like pricing page view • Send relevant content right when users want it to encourage sales actions • Trigger engagement across all channels and devices – emails, text messages, social, phone calls, portals and more • Get prescriptive insights across lead sources, engagement campaigns, user journeys and more • Increase CLV & reactivate dead leads via cross-sell signal capture and triggered campaigns • Connect all systems to a single front-end for all marketing. Media Products media viewer No more previous content Your Guide to Marketing Automation Key topics covered: 1. For sales teams - Learn how to automate daily processes like creating tasks, posting activities & assigning leads 2. For marketing teams - Learn how to automate daily tasks like sending campaigns, designing behavior-based workflows & creating marketing reports 3. Industry-specific best practices & use cases End-to-end Marketing Automation Software Make meaningful prospect conversation a standard across all channels No more next content Featured customers of LeadSquared Marketing Automation Practo Hospitals and Health Care 141,137 followers Universal Sompo General Insurance Co. Ltd. Insurance 52,656 followers Similar products Marketing Cloud Marketing Cloud Marketing Automation Software Zoho Campaigns Zoho Campaigns Marketing Automation Software Freshmarketer Freshmarketer Marketing Automation Software HCL Unica HCL Unica Marketing Automation Software Brevo (formerly Sendinblue) Brevo (formerly Sendinblue) Marketing Automation Software RD Station Marketing RD Station Marketing Marketing Automation Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less LeadSquared products Lead Management Lead Management Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Converse LeadSquared Converse Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared CRM LeadSquared CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Customer Portal LeadSquared Customer Portal Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Mobile CRM LeadSquared Mobile CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Sales Execution CRM LeadSquared Sales Execution CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Sales Performance Suite LeadSquared Sales Performance Suite Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/notionhq-notion-calendar/ | Notion Calendar | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Notion in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Notion Calendar Calendar Software by Notion See who's skilled in this Add as skill Get started Report this product About All of your commitments, now in one place. Meet the beautifully designed, fully integrated calendar for your work and life. Media Products media viewer No more previous content Meet Notion Calendar Introducing Notion Calendar — beautifully designed and fully integrated for your work and life. Get it for free today at notion.so/calendar/signup. Time management, simplified. Fully integrated with your Notion workspace. Work and life, playing nice. No more next content Similar products Fajr Calendar Fajr Calendar Calendar Software CompuLaw CompuLaw Calendar Software Tuta Calendar Tuta Calendar Calendar Software Akiflow Akiflow Calendar Software Oktana Calendar (for Salesforce) Oktana Calendar (for Salesforce) Calendar Software Calendars Calendars Calendar Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Notion products Notion Notion Knowledge Management Software Notion Mail Notion Mail Email Software LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/quantive-inc-quantive-strategyai/ | Quantive StrategyAI | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Quantive in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Quantive StrategyAI Strategic Planning Software by Quantive See who's skilled in this Add as skill Try now Report this product About Quantive StrategyAI is the first end-to-end strategy management software that helps businesses go from insights to results. It transforms challenges and opportunities into actionable plans, keeping everyone aligned and driving quick, impactful outcomes. Quantive StrategyAI combines AI, data connectivity, and digital collaboration to empower you to drive an always-on strategy. Unlike traditional methods that rely on slow manual processes, fragmented tools, and siloed information, our platform: - Empowers fast and effective decision-making: (you) go from question to action plan in minutes, not weeks. - Delivers measurable growth: (you) drive focused execution and alignment to achieve measurable results. - Offers continuous agility: (you) adapt strategies quickly to seize fleeting market opportunities. Resulting in improved business confidence, accelerated growth, and the ability to turn change into a competitive advantage. Media Products media viewer No more previous content Meet Quantive StrategyAI Introducing Quantive StrategyAI: AI-enhanced strategy management platform that offers instant strategic insights, enabling organizations to make faster, more informed decisions. By harnessing the power of data, digital collaboration, and AI, Quantive StrategyAI streamlines strategic decision-making, mitigates risks, and transforms strategies into actionable plans. Streamline Strategy Planning with Quantive StrategyAI Looking to speed up and improve your strategy planning process? Our CEO, Carmine Visconti, demon how Quantive StrategyAI uses AI to revolutionize strategic management and help organizations achieve their goals faster. Follow along as Carmine showcases how Quantive StrategyAI simplifies strategic planning for Perplexity, a business exploring disruption in the eCommerce space. Generate strategic bets with Quantive StrategyAI Upload your company documents, provide context to our AI assistant, and generate strategic hypotheses to discuss and evaluate with your leadership team. Choose the best moves, create a strategic summary, and share it company-wide—faster, smarter, and easier than ever. Strategic planning on AI-powered whiteboards Turn your strategic summary into a planning whiteboard for setting the right goals and KPIs. Collaborate, visualize, and refine your goals online with intelligent suggestions and user-friendly interface. Align your goals and increase visibility Connect team, and company goals to ensure alignment at every level. With clear priorities and shared objectives, everyone knows their role in driving success. Foster collaboration, track progress and stay focused on what matters most. No more next content Featured customers of Quantive StrategyAI Red Hat Software Development 1,509,901 followers Inditex Retail 1,721,255 followers Société Générale Banking 1,291,113 followers Mazda Motor Europe Motor Vehicle Manufacturing 44,911 followers Deutsche Telekom Telecommunications 300,180 followers Adobe Software Development 5,252,483 followers Chargebee Financial Services 520,368 followers TomTom IT Services and IT Consulting 191,773 followers Show more Show less Similar products Focus Focus Strategic Planning Software Aha! Roadmaps Aha! Roadmaps Strategic Planning Software DIGITAL PRODUCTS DIGITAL PRODUCTS Strategic Planning Software Cascade Cascade Strategic Planning Software WorkBoard WorkBoard Strategic Planning Software Stratsys platform for compliance and efficiency Stratsys platform for compliance and efficiency Strategic Planning Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/staffbase/ | Staffbase | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Staffbase in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Staffbase Employee Communications Software by Staffbase See who's skilled in this Add as skill Request demo Report this product About Staffbase is a high-growth, deeply experienced employee communications platform provider for enterprise companies. Supporting business leaders and communicators on their journey to unite all employees in their organization behind shared narratives and goals while making internal communications accessible anytime, anywhere, and from any device, is at the heart of what we do. Our mobile-first strategy is ideal for industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, retail and food production, to securely reach all employees, from the frontline to the boardroom, with reduced complexity. Staffbase solutions give employees greater access to the corporate information that’s relevant to them, along with providing tools for the modern digital workplace. Staffbase provides branded solutions for more than 2,500 leading companies worldwide who are transforming their employee communications. This product is intended for Chief Communications Officer Head of Internal Communication Head of Corporate Communications Director of Communications Director Corporate Communications Internal Communications Manager Employee Communications Specialist Employee Experience Manager Digital Transformation Manager Internet Manager Media Products media viewer No more previous content Staffbase - the #1 employee comms platform No more next content Featured customers of Staffbase AUDI AG Motor Vehicle Manufacturing 2,271,748 followers RHI Magnesita Manufacturing 254,984 followers Heraeus Chemical Manufacturing 56,949 followers Sunbelt Rentals, Inc. Retail 112,360 followers Deutsche Telekom Telecommunications 300,180 followers BrewDog Food and Beverage Services 172,559 followers Viessmann Generations Group Holding Companies 104,797 followers Spark Power ⚡ Facilities Services 19,579 followers adidas Sporting Goods 4,445,171 followers Haspa | Hamburger Sparkasse Banking 15,130 followers Geberit Wholesale Building Materials 102,050 followers BayWa AG Wholesale 36,292 followers PAYBACK Software Development 21,609 followers MAN Truck & Bus SE Motor Vehicle Manufacturing 187,700 followers VodafoneZiggo Telecommunications 62,227 followers Austin Health Hospitals and Health Care 49,370 followers UC Health Hospitals and Health Care 46,933 followers Vöslauer Mineralwasser GmbH Food and Beverage Services 3,557 followers Max Mara Fashion Group Retail Apparel and Fashion 374,971 followers REINERT Logistic GmbH & Co. KG Transportation, Logistics, Supply Chain and Storage 754 followers Debeka Insurance 16,235 followers Show more Show less Similar products Zoho Cliq Zoho Cliq Employee Communications Software HCL Sametime HCL Sametime Employee Communications Software Workvivo by Zoom Workvivo by Zoom Employee Communications Software Flip Flip Employee Communications Software Poppulo Poppulo Employee Communications Software Firstup Firstup Employee Communications Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Staffbase products Communications Control Communications Control Staffbase Campus Staffbase Campus Staffbase Communications Cloud Staffbase Communications Cloud Staffbase Employee App Staffbase Employee App Staffbase Employee Email Staffbase Employee Email Email Software Staffbase Intranet Staffbase Intranet Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bitazza.freedom.wallet&hl=az | Freedom World - Apps on Google Play Games Apps Books Kids google_logo Play Games Apps Books Kids none search help_outline Sign in with Google play_apps Library & devices payment Payments & subscriptions reviews My Play activity redeem Offers Play Pass Personalization in Play settings Settings Privacy Policy • Terms of Service Games Apps Books Kids Freedom World Bitazza Company Limited 100K+ Downloads Rated for 3+ info Install Share Add to wishlist About this app arrow_forward Freedom World – Chat, Make Friends, Earn Points, and Redeem Real Rewards! Freedom World is an all-in-one community platform that lets you chat, connect, and make new friends easily through a user-friendly chat app. Enjoy a variety of fun missions to collect “Freedom Shards” and redeem them for real rewards – no extra cost. The more you engage, the more you get! One app, endless fun – community, games, and rewards in one place! Whether you're looking to chat, find friends with similar interests, or enjoy rewarding activities, Freedom World is the app for you! Join interest-based communities – finance, gaming, lifestyle, restaurants, top shops, and more – and easily connect and chat with new people through our smooth chat and social feed features. Plus, enjoy live streaming to keep up with real-time content and entertainment. Complete fun missions to collect Freedom Shards and exchange them for exclusive prizes – from in-app rewards to gift cards and real products. Every shard you earn has real value! 🎮 Battle on with “The Scape” – our strategy card game Fight, train your tactics, and collect shards to redeem rewards. Complete daily missions and start earning right away! 💡 Why choose Freedom World? ■ Make new friends – chat, play, and connect based on shared interests ■ Smooth, user-friendly chat and messaging system ■ Join communities that match your interests – from gaming and finance to lifestyle ■ Enjoy live streaming – stay updated with knowledge or entertainment in real time ■ Collect Freedom Shards and redeem real rewards – no hidden costs ■ Join branded missions and campaigns – the more you join, the more you earn 🎁 What kind of rewards can you get? Use the points you collect from chatting, playing games, or engaging with communities to redeem: ■ Gift cards from leading stores ■ Limited edition items ■ Discount codes ■ Everyday essentials ■ And many more rewards, updated regularly! Whether you're here to make friends, chat, share stories, or earn and redeem points – Freedom World has everything you need to have fun every day. Download now and start your shard-earning journey today! Updated on Nov 20, 2025 Social Data safety arrow_forward Safety starts with understanding how developers collect and share your data. Data privacy and security practices may vary based on your use, region, and age. The developer provided this information and may update it over time. No data shared with third parties Learn more about how developers declare sharing This app may collect these data types Personal info, Financial info, and App info and performance Data is encrypted in transit You can request that data be deleted See details What’s new Bug fixes and Improvements flag Flag as inappropriate App support expand_more public Website email Support email support@freedom.world shield Privacy Policy About the developer BITAZZA COMPANY LIMITED hamidreza.momeni@bitazza.com 2922/280 New Phetchaburi Road 24 Floor HUAI KHWANG 10310 Thailand +49 1590 1400651 Similar apps arrow_forward TCG Card Value Scanner - Shiny Shiny Cardboard LLC Ronin Wallet Sky Mavis Pte. Ltd. 4.0 star Wombat - Powered by PlayMind PlayMind 5.0 star Ledger Wallet™ crypto app Ledger 4.7 star Tykr: Confident Investing Tykr LLC Seeking Alpha: News & Analysis SeekingAlpha 4.6 star flag Flag as inappropriate Google Play Play Pass Play Points Gift cards Redeem Refund policy Kids & family Parent Guide Family sharing Terms of Service Privacy About Google Play Developers Google Store All prices include VAT. South Korea (English) 상호명: Google LLC. | 대표자: Sundar Pichai | 주소: 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States | 고객센터: 080-085-1500 (무료) / gpk-usersupport@google.com | 호스팅 서비스 제공: Google LLC. | 사업자정보 Google Play에 등록된 앱과 게임은 각 개발자가 제공하고 판매하는 것이며, Google LLC가 개발자로 표시된 앱과 게임 이외에 Play에 | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/dataport-a%C3%B6r-dmessenger/ | dMessenger | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Dataport AöR in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in dMessenger Enterprise Messaging Software by Dataport AöR See who's skilled in this Add as skill Contact us Report this product About Mit dMessenger interagieren Sie per Chat mit Ihren Kolleg*innen – unabhängig vom Endgerät. Ihre Nachrichten sind auf dem gesamten Weg verschlüsselt. Gleichzeitig sorgt der Betrieb im BSI-zertifizierten Twin Data Center für hohe Sicherheit. Das macht den Einsatz von dMessenger auch für Polizei und Feuerwehr interessant. Auf einen Blick: ✅ Sichere Alternative zu anderen Messaging-Diensten ✅ Web- und Desktopclients sowie iOS- und Android-App ✅ Nutzersynchronisation über Active Directory ✅ Gefahrensituationen über Notfall-Button melden, automatische Alarmierung, Live-Standort einsehen ✅ Chatbots This product is intended for Public Officer Clerical Officer Clerk Civil Servant State Secretary Police Sergeant Chief of Police Police Detective Firefighter Media Products media viewer No more previous content dMessenger – der Messenger für den öffentlichen Sektor Die schnelle, mit Bildern, Videos oder anderen Daten angereicherte Kommunikation über Messaging-Dienste ist im privaten Umfeld inzwischen so normal, dass Nutzende sie auch im dienstlichen Kontext einsetzen. Mit dMessenger stellen wir dem öffentlichen Sektor jetzt eine datenschutzkonforme Messaginglösung zur Verfügung. dMessenger Chatten wie gewohnt, aber sicher No more next content Similar products WhatsApp WhatsApp Enterprise Messaging Software Slack Slack Enterprise Messaging Software Twilio Programmable Messaging Twilio Programmable Messaging Enterprise Messaging Software Infobip Programmable Channels (CPaaS) Infobip Programmable Channels (CPaaS) Enterprise Messaging Software WhatsApp Business Platform WhatsApp Business Platform Enterprise Messaging Software Bevatel Business Chat Bevatel Business Chat Enterprise Messaging Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Dataport AöR products data[port]ai data[port]ai Data Science & Machine Learning Platforms Dataport Consulting Dataport Consulting Strategic Planning Software dDataBox dDataBox Managed File Transfer (MFT) Software dProjectTracking dProjectTracking Project Management Software dWebService dWebService Web Hosting dWorkflow dWorkflow Workflow Management Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/uas/login?session_redirect=%2Fservices%2Fproducts%2Fcategories%2Fbuild-automation-tools&fromSignIn=true&trk=products_seo_search_nav-header-signin | LinkedIn Login, Sign in | LinkedIn Sign in Sign in with Apple Sign in with a passkey By clicking Continue, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . or Email or phone Password Show Forgot password? Keep me logged in Sign in We’ve emailed a one-time link to your primary email address Click on the link to sign in instantly to your LinkedIn account. If you don’t see the email in your inbox, check your spam folder. Resend email Back New to LinkedIn? Join now Agree & Join LinkedIn By clicking Continue, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . LinkedIn © 2026 User Agreement Privacy Policy Community Guidelines Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Send Feedback Language العربية (Arabic) বাংলা (Bangla) Čeština (Czech) Dansk (Danish) Deutsch (German) Ελληνικά (Greek) English (English) Español (Spanish) فارسی (Persian) Suomi (Finnish) Français (French) हिंदी (Hindi) Magyar (Hungarian) Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian) Italiano (Italian) עברית (Hebrew) 日本語 (Japanese) 한국어 (Korean) मराठी (Marathi) Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) Nederlands (Dutch) Norsk (Norwegian) ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi) Polski (Polish) Português (Portuguese) Română (Romanian) Русский (Russian) Svenska (Swedish) తెలుగు (Telugu) ภาษาไทย (Thai) Tagalog (Tagalog) Türkçe (Turkish) Українська (Ukrainian) Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese) 简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified)) 正體中文 (Chinese (Traditional)) | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/leadsquared-mobile-crm/?trk=products_details_guest_other_products_by_org_section_product_link_result-card_image-click | LeadSquared Mobile CRM | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn LeadSquared in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in LeadSquared Mobile CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by LeadSquared See who's skilled in this Add as skill Request demo Report this product About Boost Your Field Sales Team’s Efficiency: Track and manage your field sales team closely even from miles away. 1. Automated Check-In/Out: Field agents can check in/out automatically to start and end their sales route, enhancing efficiency. 2. Location Authenticity: Detect fake check-ins by geofencing tasks and preventing agents from claiming false locations. 3. Pincode-Based Lead Distribution: Assign leads to agents based on pin codes they oversee, ensuring instant notifications and efficient follow-ups. 4. Next Meeting Navigation: Automatically guide agents to their next meeting location, optimizing travel routes. 5. Meeting Note Reminders: Send post-meeting reminders for agents to log meeting notes, aiding decision-making. 6. Document Verification: Streamline document verification with a simple mobile CRM system, allowing agents to upload and get instant approvals. 7. Real-time Agent Tracking: Real-time updates on agent location, meeting count, routes, mileage, and task completion. Media Products media viewer No more previous content Mobile CRM Detect fake location check-ins Distribute leads based on pincode No more next content Featured customers of LeadSquared Mobile CRM Practo Hospitals and Health Care 141,137 followers OLX Software Development 224,440 followers Exide Life Insurance Insurance 61,939 followers Similar products Sales Cloud Sales Cloud Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Zoho CRM Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Bigin by Zoho CRM Bigin by Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Experian DataShare Experian DataShare Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Odoo CRM Odoo CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Freshsales Freshsales Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less LeadSquared products Lead Management Lead Management Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Converse LeadSquared Converse Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared CRM LeadSquared CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Customer Portal LeadSquared Customer Portal Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Marketing Automation LeadSquared Marketing Automation Marketing Automation Software LeadSquared Sales Execution CRM LeadSquared Sales Execution CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Sales Performance Suite LeadSquared Sales Performance Suite Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/staffbase/?trk=products_seo_search#main-content | Staffbase | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Staffbase in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Staffbase Employee Communications Software by Staffbase See who's skilled in this Add as skill Request demo Report this product About Staffbase is a high-growth, deeply experienced employee communications platform provider for enterprise companies. Supporting business leaders and communicators on their journey to unite all employees in their organization behind shared narratives and goals while making internal communications accessible anytime, anywhere, and from any device, is at the heart of what we do. Our mobile-first strategy is ideal for industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, retail and food production, to securely reach all employees, from the frontline to the boardroom, with reduced complexity. Staffbase solutions give employees greater access to the corporate information that’s relevant to them, along with providing tools for the modern digital workplace. Staffbase provides branded solutions for more than 2,500 leading companies worldwide who are transforming their employee communications. This product is intended for Chief Communications Officer Head of Internal Communication Head of Corporate Communications Director of Communications Director Corporate Communications Internal Communications Manager Employee Communications Specialist Employee Experience Manager Digital Transformation Manager Internet Manager Media Products media viewer No more previous content Staffbase - the #1 employee comms platform No more next content Featured customers of Staffbase AUDI AG Motor Vehicle Manufacturing 2,271,749 followers RHI Magnesita Manufacturing 254,984 followers Heraeus Chemical Manufacturing 56,949 followers Sunbelt Rentals, Inc. Retail 112,360 followers Deutsche Telekom Telecommunications 300,180 followers BrewDog Food and Beverage Services 172,559 followers Viessmann Generations Group Holding Companies 104,797 followers Spark Power ⚡ Facilities Services 19,579 followers adidas Sporting Goods 4,445,171 followers Haspa | Hamburger Sparkasse Banking 15,130 followers Geberit Wholesale Building Materials 102,050 followers BayWa AG Wholesale 36,292 followers PAYBACK Software Development 21,609 followers MAN Truck & Bus SE Motor Vehicle Manufacturing 187,700 followers VodafoneZiggo Telecommunications 62,227 followers Austin Health Hospitals and Health Care 49,370 followers UC Health Hospitals and Health Care 46,933 followers Vöslauer Mineralwasser GmbH Food and Beverage Services 3,557 followers Max Mara Fashion Group Retail Apparel and Fashion 374,971 followers REINERT Logistic GmbH & Co. KG Transportation, Logistics, Supply Chain and Storage 754 followers Debeka Insurance 16,235 followers Show more Show less Similar products Zoho Cliq Zoho Cliq Employee Communications Software HCL Sametime HCL Sametime Employee Communications Software Workvivo by Zoom Workvivo by Zoom Employee Communications Software Flip Flip Employee Communications Software Poppulo Poppulo Employee Communications Software Firstup Firstup Employee Communications Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Staffbase products Communications Control Communications Control Staffbase Campus Staffbase Campus Staffbase Communications Cloud Staffbase Communications Cloud Staffbase Employee App Staffbase Employee App Staffbase Employee Email Staffbase Employee Email Email Software Staffbase Intranet Staffbase Intranet Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/leadsquared-sales-execution-crm/?trk=products_details_guest_other_products_by_org_section_product_link_result-card_full-click | LeadSquared Sales Execution CRM | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn LeadSquared in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in LeadSquared Sales Execution CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by LeadSquared See who's skilled in this Add as skill Request demo Report this product About A one-stop platform for all your inside sales, call center agents, feet-on-street (sales, partner onboarding, service), operations, and marketing teams! Key features of LeadSquared Sales Execution CRM: 1. Lead Management: Efficiently capture, qualify, track, and route sales leads. 2. Sales Management: Monitor the entire sales process, customize workflows, and set role-based permissions. 3. Opportunity Management: Prioritize and manage opportunities for higher sales potential. 4. Communications: Enable contextual sales communication via various channels and track engagement. 5. Mobile CRM for Field Sales: Empower field agents to sell on the go and monitor their activities. 6. Process Automation: Create multiple automated workflows with a no-code approach. 7. Reports: Gain insights into all aspects of your business, generate real-time reports, and keep teams on track. 8. Integrations: Seamlessly connect with various tools, including WhatsApp API, analytics, and more. This product is intended for Sales Specialist Sales Manager Customer Service Specialist Customer Relationship Management Specialist Marketing Specialist Sales And Marketing Specialist Information Technology Manager Customer Relationship Management Manager Media Products media viewer No more previous content Sales CRM Opportunity Management No more next content Featured customers of LeadSquared Sales Execution CRM Practo Hospitals and Health Care 141,137 followers Mygate Software Development 199,587 followers Poonawalla Fincorp Financial Services 286,791 followers Similar products Sales Cloud Sales Cloud Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Zoho CRM Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Bigin by Zoho CRM Bigin by Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Experian DataShare Experian DataShare Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Odoo CRM Odoo CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Freshsales Freshsales Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less LeadSquared products Lead Management Lead Management Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Converse LeadSquared Converse Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared CRM LeadSquared CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Customer Portal LeadSquared Customer Portal Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Marketing Automation LeadSquared Marketing Automation Marketing Automation Software LeadSquared Mobile CRM LeadSquared Mobile CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Sales Performance Suite LeadSquared Sales Performance Suite Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/login?session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Elinkedin%2Ecom%2Fcompany%2Fefficientfrontier&fromSignIn=true&trk=organization_guest_nav-header-signin | LinkedIn Login, Sign in | LinkedIn Sign in Sign in with Apple Sign in with a passkey By clicking Continue, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . or Email or phone Password Show Forgot password? Keep me logged in Sign in We’ve emailed a one-time link to your primary email address Click on the link to sign in instantly to your LinkedIn account. If you don’t see the email in your inbox, check your spam folder. Resend email Back New to LinkedIn? Join now Agree & Join LinkedIn By clicking Continue, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . LinkedIn © 2026 User Agreement Privacy Policy Community Guidelines Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Send Feedback Language العربية (Arabic) বাংলা (Bangla) Čeština (Czech) Dansk (Danish) Deutsch (German) Ελληνικά (Greek) English (English) Español (Spanish) فارسی (Persian) Suomi (Finnish) Français (French) हिंदी (Hindi) Magyar (Hungarian) Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian) Italiano (Italian) עברית (Hebrew) 日本語 (Japanese) 한국어 (Korean) मराठी (Marathi) Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) Nederlands (Dutch) Norsk (Norwegian) ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi) Polski (Polish) Português (Portuguese) Română (Romanian) Русский (Russian) Svenska (Swedish) తెలుగు (Telugu) ภาษาไทย (Thai) Tagalog (Tagalog) Türkçe (Turkish) Українська (Ukrainian) Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese) 简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified)) 正體中文 (Chinese (Traditional)) | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/dataport-a%C3%B6r-ddatabox?similarProducts=true&trk=products_details_guest_similar_products_section_sign_in | dDataBox | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Dataport AöR in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in dDataBox Managed File Transfer (MFT) Software by Dataport AöR See who's skilled in this Add as skill Request demo Report this product About Bei der Kommunikation mit unseren Kolleg*innen und Externen greifen wir täglich auf E-Mails zurück. Für den Versand sehr großer Dateien eignen sie sich allerdings nicht. Zudem bieten E-Mails nicht immer die erforderliche Vertraulichkeit. Mit der dDataBox können Sie Ihren Adressat*innen nun große Dateien sicher bereitstellen. Auf einen Blick: ✅ Ende-zu-Ende Verschlüsselung ✅ Smartphone-App (Android, iOS) ✅ Temporärer Down- und Uploadlink für Externe ✅ Benutzer*innen und Speichervolumen eigenständig verwalten ✅ Betrieb im hochsicheren Twin Data Center ✅ Günstiger Speicher This product is intended for Referent Head of Section Department Manager Clerical Officer Project Manager Information Technology Application Manager Process Manager Chief Information Security Officer Territory Manager Media Products media viewer No more previous content Kinderleicht und sicher Daten austauschen mit dDataBox Moderne Zusammenarbeit kennt keine Grenzen. Teams arbeiten heute organisationsübergreifend und unabhängig von Zeit und Ort. Dabei sind der schnelle und sichere Austausch aller relevanten Daten besonders wichtig. dDataBox kombiniert geräteunabhängige Zugriffsmöglichkeiten mit intuitiver, einfacher Handhabung. Vollverschlüsselung vom Endgerät über den Transport bis zum Datenspeicher gewährleistet die Sicherheit und Authentizität Ihrer Daten. dDataBox No more next content Similar products Axway Managed File Transfer Axway Managed File Transfer Managed File Transfer (MFT) Software Progress MOVEit Progress MOVEit Managed File Transfer (MFT) Software Serv-U Managed File Transfer Server Serv-U Managed File Transfer Server Managed File Transfer (MFT) Software JSCAPE by Redwood JSCAPE by Redwood Managed File Transfer (MFT) Software Cerberus by Redwood Cerberus by Redwood Managed File Transfer (MFT) Software MLADU MLADU Managed File Transfer (MFT) Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Dataport AöR products data[port]ai data[port]ai Data Science & Machine Learning Platforms Dataport Consulting Dataport Consulting Strategic Planning Software dMessenger dMessenger Enterprise Messaging Software dProjectTracking dProjectTracking Project Management Software dWebService dWebService Web Hosting dWorkflow dWorkflow Workflow Management Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://w3techs.com/technologies/history_overview/operating_system | Historical trends in the usage statistics of operating systems for websites, January 2026 advertise here provided by Q-Success Home Technologies Reports API Sites Quality Users Blog Forum FAQ Search Featured products and services advertise here Time Frame Monthly Quarterly Yearly Report Complete Historical Trends Report Technologies > Operating Systems > Historical Trend > Monthly Historical trends in the usage statistics of operating systems for websites This report shows the historical trends in the usage of the top operating systems since January 2025. 2025 1 Jan 2025 1 Feb 2025 1 Mar 2025 1 Apr 2025 1 May 2025 1 Jun 2025 1 Jul 2025 1 Aug 2025 1 Sep 2025 1 Oct 2025 1 Nov 2025 1 Dec 2026 1 Jan 2026 13 Jan Unix 88.1% 88.4% 88.6% 88.8% 89.0% 89.1% 89.4% 89.6% 89.8% 89.9% 90.1% 90.3% 90.7% 90.8% Windows 12.1% 11.9% 11.7% 11.4% 11.3% 11.1% 10.9% 10.6% 10.5% 10.3% 10.2% 9.9% 9.5% 9.4% The diagram shows only operating systems with more than 1% usage. Find more details in our extensive operating systems market reports. Learn more Share this page About Us Disclaimer Terms of Use Privacy Policy Advertising Contact W3Techs on LinkedIn Mastodon Bluesky Copyright © 2009-2026 Q-Success | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://w3techs.com/technologies/cross/operating_system/ranking | Usage Survey of Operating Systems broken down by Ranking advertise here provided by Q-Success Home Technologies Reports API Sites Quality Users Blog Forum FAQ Search Featured products and services advertise here Technologies Content Management Server-side Languages Client-side Languages JavaScript Libraries CSS Frameworks Web Servers Web Panels Operating Systems Web Hosting Data Centers Reverse Proxies DNS Servers Email Servers SSL Certificate Authorities Content Delivery Traffic Analysis Tools Advertising Networks Tag Managers Social Widgets Site Elements Structured Data Markup Languages Character Encodings Image File Formats Top Level Domains Server Locations Content Languages Technologies > Operating Systems > by Ranking Usage of operating systems broken down by ranking Detailed statistics in our extensive operating systems market report. Learn more This diagram shows the percentages of websites using various operating systems broken down by ranking. Cross-technology reports only include technologies with more than 1% usage to ensure statistical significance of the results. See technologies overview for explanations on the methodologies used in the surveys. How to read the diagram: Unix is used by 90.8% of all the websites whose operating system we know. Unix is used by 81.5% of all the websites whose operating system we know and that rank in the top 1,000,000. Unix 90.8% 81.5% 80.1% 83.2% 86.3% Windows 9.4% 19.7% 21.7% 18.4% 13.7% W3Techs.com, 13 January 2026 Overall top 1,000,000 top 100,000 top 10,000 top 1,000 Percentages of websites using various operating systems broken down by ranking Note: a website may use more than one operating system More detailed statistics You can find complete breakdown reports of 33 operating systems in our operating systems market reports . Share this page Technology Brief Operating Systems An operating system of a computer is the underlying program, that performs its basic user interactions and forms the basis of all other programs. Latest related posting read all Web Technologies of the Year 2025 5 January 2026 We compiled the list of web technologies that saw the largest increase in usage in 2025. » more advertise here About Us Disclaimer Terms of Use Privacy Policy Advertising Contact W3Techs on LinkedIn Mastodon Bluesky Copyright © 2009-2026 Q-Success | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/poppulo/ | Poppulo | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Poppulo in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Poppulo Employee Communications Software by Poppulo See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About Poppulo’s leading employee communications software helps enterprises build more meaningful connections with their employees through personalized content delivered across digital touchpoints—including email, digital signage, mobile, and Microsoft 365. With Poppulo, businesses can reach all employees efficiently with engaging messages and drive their communications strategy forward with centralized planning, creation, publishing, and measurement tools. Poppulo's 4,500+ customer base is representative of the world's most successful companies, including 40+ of the Fortune 100. Media Products media viewer No more previous content Poppulo Share Point Integration Poppulo Platform Email Analytics Poppulo Platform Email Newsletter Poppulo Digital Signage Poppulo Mobile App No more next content Featured customers of Poppulo Thomson Reuters Software Development 1,883,171 followers Northrop Grumman Defense and Space Manufacturing 1,609,506 followers National Grid Utilities 364,844 followers CDK Global Software Development 151,389 followers Marriott International Hospitality 3,200,041 followers Daimler Truck AG Motor Vehicle Manufacturing 324,410 followers Zurich Bank Financial Services 16,829 followers Spirit AeroSystems Aviation and Aerospace Component Manufacturing 162,578 followers Rolls-Royce Industrial Machinery Manufacturing 1,797,349 followers Aer Lingus Airlines and Aviation 150,035 followers Wipro IT Services and IT Consulting 11,446,226 followers Boston Scientific Medical Equipment Manufacturing 1,331,380 followers Hilton Hospitality 2,521,974 followers Penn State University Higher Education 831,120 followers Ferguson Wholesale 159,925 followers Mercedes-Benz USA Motor Vehicle Manufacturing 779,340 followers Delta Air Lines Airlines and Aviation 1,645,058 followers Maximus Government Administration 228,510 followers The Hershey Company Manufacturing 595,354 followers MGM Resorts International Hospitality 197,889 followers Newmont Corporation Mining 577,707 followers Show more Show less Similar products Zoho Cliq Zoho Cliq Employee Communications Software HCL Sametime HCL Sametime Employee Communications Software Workvivo by Zoom Workvivo by Zoom Employee Communications Software Flip Flip Employee Communications Software Staffbase Staffbase Employee Communications Software Firstup Firstup Employee Communications Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Poppulo products Poppulo Digital Signage Software Poppulo Digital Signage Software Digital Signage Software Poppulo Employee Communications Software Poppulo Employee Communications Software Employee Communications Software LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/dn-ovhsas | Usage Statistics and Market Share of OVH as DNS Server Provider, January 2026 advertise here provided by Q-Success Home Technologies Reports API Sites Quality Users Blog Forum FAQ Search Featured products and services advertise here Technologies Content Management Server-side Languages Client-side Languages JavaScript Libraries CSS Frameworks Web Servers Web Panels Operating Systems Web Hosting Data Centers Reverse Proxies DNS Servers Email Servers SSL Certificate Authorities Content Delivery Traffic Analysis Tools Advertising Networks Tag Managers Social Widgets Site Elements Structured Data Markup Languages Character Encodings Image File Formats Top Level Domains Server Locations Content Languages Trends Technology Changes Comparison Compare with other Breakdown Ranking Content Management Server-side Languages Client-side Languages JavaScript Libraries CSS Frameworks Web Servers Web Panels Operating Systems Web Hosting Data Centers Reverse Proxies Email Servers SSL Certificate Authorities Content Delivery Traffic Analysis Tools Advertising Networks Tag Managers Social Widgets Site Elements Structured Data Markup Languages Character Encodings Image File Formats Top Level Domains Server Locations Content Languages Segmentation Content Management Server-side Languages Client-side Languages JavaScript Libraries CSS Frameworks Web Servers Web Panels Operating Systems Web Hosting Data Centers Reverse Proxies Email Servers SSL Certificate Authorities Content Delivery Traffic Analysis Tools Advertising Networks Tag Managers Social Widgets Site Elements Structured Data Markup Languages Character Encodings Image File Formats Top Level Domains Server Locations Content Languages see FAQ for explanations on advanced reports Technologies > DNS Servers > OVH Usage statistics of OVH as DNS server provider Request an extensive OVH market report. Learn more These diagrams show the usage statistics of OVH as DNS server provider. See technologies overview for explanations on the methodologies used in the surveys. Our reports are updated daily. OVH is used as DNS server provider by 1.9% of all the websites. Historical trend This diagram shows the historical trend in the percentage of websites using OVH. Our dedicated trend survey shows more DNS servers usage trends . You can find growth rates of OVH compared to all other DNS server providers in our OVH market report . Market position This diagram shows the market position of OVH in terms of popularity and traffic compared to the most popular DNS server providers. Our dedicated market survey shows more DNS servers market data . Popular sites using OVH Justpaste.it Meteociel.fr Tumbex.com Naturabuy.fr Kurnik.pl Animeheaven.me Deezer.com used on subdomain Ovhcloud.com Ovh.net Laprovence.com Random selection of sites using OVH Adam-eshop.com Gruppolbimpianti.com Velvet-trading.de Eddirasa.com Hiroszima.pl Sites using OVH only recently Deezer.com used on subdomain Singtel.com used on subdomain Salamanca24horas.com Promessedefleurs.com E-liq.pl More examples of sites You can find more examples of sites using OVH in our OVH market report , or you can request a custom web technology market report . Technology comparisons Our visitors often compare the usage statistics of OVH with Enartia Group and Vultr and ArvanCloud . Free technology usage monitoring service Get a notification when a top site starts using OVH. Share this page Technology Brief OVH Category: DNS Server Providers OVH is an internet service provider headquartered in France. Website: ovhcloud.com advertise here About Us Disclaimer Terms of Use Privacy Policy Advertising Contact W3Techs on LinkedIn Mastodon Bluesky Copyright © 2009-2026 Q-Success | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/uas/login?fromSignIn=true&session_redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Fcompany%2Fefficientfrontier&trk=top-card_ellipsis-menu-semaphore-sign-in-redirect&guestReportContentType=COMPANY&_f=guest-reporting | LinkedIn Login, Sign in | LinkedIn Sign in Sign in with Apple Sign in with a passkey By clicking Continue, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . or Email or phone Password Show Forgot password? Keep me logged in Sign in We’ve emailed a one-time link to your primary email address Click on the link to sign in instantly to your LinkedIn account. If you don’t see the email in your inbox, check your spam folder. Resend email Back New to LinkedIn? Join now Agree & Join LinkedIn By clicking Continue, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . LinkedIn © 2026 User Agreement Privacy Policy Community Guidelines Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Send Feedback Language العربية (Arabic) বাংলা (Bangla) Čeština (Czech) Dansk (Danish) Deutsch (German) Ελληνικά (Greek) English (English) Español (Spanish) فارسی (Persian) Suomi (Finnish) Français (French) हिंदी (Hindi) Magyar (Hungarian) Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian) Italiano (Italian) עברית (Hebrew) 日本語 (Japanese) 한국어 (Korean) मराठी (Marathi) Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) Nederlands (Dutch) Norsk (Norwegian) ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi) Polski (Polish) Português (Portuguese) Română (Romanian) Русский (Russian) Svenska (Swedish) తెలుగు (Telugu) ภาษาไทย (Thai) Tagalog (Tagalog) Türkçe (Turkish) Українська (Ukrainian) Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese) 简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified)) 正體中文 (Chinese (Traditional)) | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/kaspersky-ddos-protection/?trk=products_seo_search | Kaspersky DDoS Protection | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Kaspersky in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Kaspersky DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software by Kaspersky See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) can cause financial costs for your business. Keep your service protected with Kaspersky DDoS-Protection! Similar products Cloudflare DDoS Protection Cloudflare DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Cloudflare Spectrum Cloudflare Spectrum DDoS Protection Software Akamai Prolexic Routed Akamai Prolexic Routed DDoS Protection Software OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Kona DDoS Defender Kona DDoS Defender DDoS Protection Software Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Kaspersky products Kaspersky Container Security Kaspersky Container Security Container Security Software Kaspersky Digital Footprint Intelligence Kaspersky Digital Footprint Intelligence Digital Forensics Software Kaspersky Industrial Cybersecurity Kaspersky Industrial Cybersecurity Enterprise Architecture Software Kaspersky Next Kaspersky Next Endpoint Detection & Response (EDR) Software Kaspersky Password Manager Kaspersky Password Manager Password Management Software Kaspersky Premium Kaspersky Premium Antivirus Software Kaspersky Safe Kids Kaspersky Safe Kids Antivirus Software Kaspersky Threat Intelligence Kaspersky Threat Intelligence Threat Intelligence Platforms Kaspersky VPN Kaspersky VPN Virtual Private Network (VPN) Software KasperskyOS KasperskyOS Operating Systems Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://w3techs.com/technologies/pagespeed/operating_system/ttfb | Page Speed Report, fastest TTFB, for Operating Systems advertise here provided by Q-Success Home Technologies Reports API Sites Quality Users Blog Forum FAQ Search Featured products and services advertise here Technologies Content Management Server-side Languages Client-side Languages JavaScript Libraries CSS Frameworks Web Servers Web Panels Operating Systems Web Hosting Data Centers Reverse Proxies DNS Servers Email Servers SSL Certificate Authorities Content Delivery Traffic Analysis Tools Advertising Networks Tag Managers Social Widgets Site Elements Structured Data Markup Languages Character Encodings Image File Formats Top Level Domains Server Locations Content Languages Technologies > Operating Systems > Page Speed Operating systems ranked by average page speed Detailed statistics in our extensive operating systems market report. Learn more This table shows average page speeds per operating system. We show two measurements, obtained from Google's Chrome User Experience Report (CrUX) . Time to First Byte (TTFB) measures the time it takes to establish the connection to the web server until content starts to be served, see TTFB definition . Largest Contentful Paint (LCP) measures the time starting from when a web page first starts loading up to the point when the largest image or text block becomes visible within the page, see LCB definition . We include operating systems, for which we have at least 100 measurements, and calculate the average of these sites. See technologies overview for further explanations on the methodologies used in the surveys. Operating System TTFB in s ▲ LCP in s ▲ Red Hat 0.175 0.116 CentOS 0.180 0.119 BSD 0.192 0.122 More detailed statistics You can find page speed data for all 15 operating systems for which we have sufficient performance data in our operating systems market report and in our historical performance trends report . Share this page Technology Brief Operating Systems An operating system of a computer is the underlying program, that performs its basic user interactions and forms the basis of all other programs. Latest related posting read all Web Technologies of the Year 2025 5 January 2026 We compiled the list of web technologies that saw the largest increase in usage in 2025. » more About Us Disclaimer Terms of Use Privacy Policy Advertising Contact W3Techs on LinkedIn Mastodon Bluesky Copyright © 2009-2026 Q-Success | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/categories/customer-relationship-management-software?trk=products_details_guest_similar_products_section_similar_products_section_product_link_result-card_subtitle-click | Best Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software | Products | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Clear text Used by Used by Sales Manager (196) Salesperson (149) Sales Specialist (108) Chief Executive Officer (87) Marketing Specialist (85) See all products Find top products in Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software category Software used to oversee company interaction with current and potential clients. - Manage relationships with customers and improve customer retention - Use a set of sales-related functions and drive sales growth - Compile data from different channels to a single record system 1535 results Sales Cloud Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by Salesforce Accelerate growth with your Humans + AI dream team. Ready to elevate every step of your sales cycle, from pipeline to paycheck? Scale your team with AI agents, equip your human sellers with the data and insights they need to win, and drive operational efficiency—all on Sales Cloud, the #1 agentic sales software platform. View product Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by Zoho Zoho CRM is an online customer relationship management software for managing your sales, marketing, support in a single system. Zoho CRM helps businesses of all sizes build excellent customer relationships, with features like an inbuilt AI sales assistant, sales pipeline management, marketing automation, analytics, and more. Zoho CRM empowers a global network of over 150,000 businesses in 180 countries to convert more leads, engage with customers, and grow their revenue. View product Bigin by Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by Zoho Bigin by Zoho CRM is a simplified customer relationship management (CRM) software designed specifically for small businesses, startups and teams! Trusted by 20,000+ businesses, Bigin helps small businesses unify all customer-facing operations— marketing, sales, onboarding, delivery, and support and manage customer relationships effectively. View product Experian DataShare Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by Experian Experian DataShare will accelerate new client onboarding and help increase retention through a simplified user experience. The platform integrates with over 100 versions of cloud and on-premise packages to deliver unparalleled accounting connectivity, flexible platform deployment, and instant audit or credit intelligence. It supports 100% of desktop and online accounting packages... including document uploading. Clients get faster decisions and have technical support if they experience any issues during their onboarding journey. Experian DataShare creates a digital pathway that removes the friction associated with the document gathering process. Start your digital journey to collect, format and interpret your client financials today! View product Odoo CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by Odoo With over 5 million users, Odoo is the #1 open-source CRM software in the world! Sales teams can easily keep track of top leads and opportunities with just a few clicks. Users can personalize their sales cycle, take control of their statistics/forecasts, and create incredible marketing campaign automation to increase their overall sales performance. With Odoo CRM, sales teams are able to analyze the quality of their leads, make faster decisions, and save valuable time by integrating emails from all contacts directly into this fully-integrated app. View product Find products trusted by professionals in your network See which products are used by connections in your network and those that share similar job titles Sign in to view full insights Freshsales Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by Freshworks Freshsales provides a context-driven CRM solution for businesses of all sizes. We do this by taking a fresh approach to building and delivering an AI-driven and cost-effective omnichannel software—empowering sales teams to engage, nurture, and create delighted customers, to drive clear business results. View product Clickup Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by ClickUp Save time with the all-in-one productivity platform that brings teams, tasks, and tools together in one place. View product Infor CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by Infor Infor CRM software provides a view of every customer touch point across an organization’s sales, marketing, customer service, and support teams. View product Pega Platform Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by Pegasystems Pega Platform helps improve business operation by enhancing employee productivity and delivering rapid, personalized service to customers. With enterprise-grade AI, automation, and low code for all users across an organization, Pega Platform enables you to respond to business needs in real time, scale quickly, and evolve as your needs change. Get work done while reducing costs and manual work across your business operations with Pega’s low-code platform for AI-powered decision and workflow automation. View product Zendesk Sell Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by Zendesk Zendesk Sell is a modern sales CRM to help you accelerate revenue. 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https://www.linkedin.com/products/cloudflare-ddos-protection/?trk=products_seo_search | Cloudflare DDoS Protection | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Cloudflare in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Cloudflare DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software by Cloudflare See who's skilled in this Add as skill Get started Report this product About Comprehensive DDoS Protection Built for anything connected to the Internet Cloudflare DDoS protection secures websites, applications, and entire networks while ensuring the performance of legitimate traffic is not compromised. Cloudflare’s 51 Tbps network blocks an average of 72 billion threats per day, including some of the largest DDoS attacks in history. Media Products media viewer No more previous content DDoS Protection, WAF, CDN and more from Cloudflare Built for anything connected to the Internet Cloudflare offers three DDoS protection solutions designed to protect everything on your cloud and on-premise networks. How Cloudflare protects network infrastructure from DDoS attacks Cloudflare Magic Transit uses our entire anycast network, which spans hundreds of global cities, to detect and mitigate DDoS attacks at the network edge. What Is A DDoS Attack? DDoS attacks represent one of the greatest threats to websites and services. No more next content Featured customers of Cloudflare DDoS Protection Chrono24 Retail Luxury Goods and Jewelry 15,639 followers Upwork Software Development 3,294,409 followers Carousell Group Software Development 129,533 followers Hemnet Real Estate 12,582 followers Trendyol Group Technology, Information and Internet 536,123 followers BookMyShow Entertainment Providers 125,692 followers 早稲田大学 WASEDA University Higher Education 112,057 followers Axios Internet News 75,402 followers Wongnai.com Information Services 5,546 followers Show more Show less Similar products Cloudflare Spectrum Cloudflare Spectrum DDoS Protection Software Akamai Prolexic Routed Akamai Prolexic Routed DDoS Protection Software OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Kona DDoS Defender Kona DDoS Defender DDoS Protection Software Kaspersky DDoS Protection Kaspersky DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Cloudflare products Argo Smart Routing Argo Smart Routing Network Management Software Cloudflare DNS Cloudflare DNS Managed DNS Services Software Cloudflare Load Balancing Cloudflare Load Balancing Load Balancing Software Cloudflare Registrar Cloudflare Registrar Managed DNS Services Software Cloudflare Spectrum Cloudflare Spectrum DDoS Protection Software Cloudflare SSL / TLS Cloudflare SSL / TLS SSL Certificates Software Cloudflare WAF Cloudflare WAF Web Application Firewalls (WAF) Cloudflare Web Analytics Cloudflare Web Analytics Digital Analytics Software Cloudflare Workers Cloudflare Workers Server Virtualization Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
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https://www.linkedin.com/products/firstup-io-firstup/ | Firstup | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Firstup in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Firstup Employee Communications Software by Firstup See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About The employee experience platform that helps you scale personalized campaigns to every employee. Firstup helps you connect with your employees, deliver personalized communication, and gain engagement insights to deliver an exceptional employee experience. Media Products media viewer No more previous content The intelligent communication platform Most employees receive in excess of a hundred company updates every day. This constant "noise" is causing employee burnout and decreased productivity. But there is a solution to the chaos! Firstup is an intelligent communication platform that actually improves the employee experience in every moment that matters, large and small. More intelligent communication increases employee engagement, boosts productivity, and retains top talent. Find out why leaders in HR, IT, and internal communication Boost employee engagement with journey automation Learn how journey automation can transform your employee communications! This video shows how to effortlessly personalize messages for each employee at crucial moments, increasing engagement, productivity, and retention with journey automation. From onboarding to change management, see how Firstup’s intelligent communication platform allows you to design hyper-personalized campaigns at scale. Ready to elevate your employee experience? Watch now and learn more about how journey automation can Create powerful moments throughout the employee journey Give your teams the only platform that uses real-time data to determine the most meaningful campaigns, optimal time, and best channel for each employee. Firstup for internal communicators Internal communicators are using Firstup to cut through the noise and engage with every employee when it matters most. Learn how internal communicators are using Firstup to quickly design engaging content and increase engagement by 3x. Firstup for HR professionals Accelerate your onboarding and training processes by 30% with the Firstup intelligent communication platform. Revolutionize your employee journeys and improve the employee experience today! No more next content Featured customers of Firstup BBC Broadcast Media Production and Distribution 2,148,981 followers Amazon Software Development 36,032,701 followers The Clorox Company Manufacturing 375,337 followers CarMax Retail 164,783 followers Toshiba Global Commerce Solutions Technology, Information and Internet 67,545 followers Wegmans Food Markets Retail 121,290 followers GE Appliances, a Haier company Manufacturing 87,892 followers Toyota Motor Corporation Motor Vehicle Manufacturing 2,293,377 followers Ochsner Health Hospitals and Health Care 89,979 followers Boston Children's Hospital Hospitals and Health Care 190,562 followers 3M Industrial Machinery Manufacturing 2,368,363 followers Advocate Health Hospitals and Health Care 60,751 followers Mount Sinai Health System Hospitals and Health Care 303,912 followers Keurig Dr Pepper Inc. Food and Beverage Services 216,841 followers Southern Company Utilities 209,147 followers AGCO Corporation Machinery Manufacturing 448,087 followers Kohler Co. Manufacturing 317,275 followers Wawa, Inc. Retail 115,541 followers PVH Corp. Retail Apparel and Fashion 522,905 followers Nebraska Medicine Hospitals and Health Care 37,280 followers Show more Show less Similar products Zoho Cliq Zoho Cliq Employee Communications Software HCL Sametime HCL Sametime Employee Communications Software Workvivo by Zoom Workvivo by Zoom Employee Communications Software Flip Flip Employee Communications Software Poppulo Poppulo Employee Communications Software Staffbase Staffbase Employee Communications Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
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https://www.linkedin.com/products/rd-station-rd-station-crm/?trk=products_details_guest_other_products_by_org_section_product_link_result-card_full-click#main-content | RD Station CRM | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn RD Station in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in RD Station CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by RD Station See who's skilled in this Add as skill Request demo Report this product About Lançado em 2018, o RD Station CRM é a ferramenta para controlar e organizar o processo comercial. O software ajuda gestores de vendas a ter uma visão completa do funil, fazer follow-up de tarefas e ter mais visibilidade dos resultados a partir de relatórios automáticos. Foi o primeiro CRM gratuito em português com um número ilimitado de usuários e contatos. Hoje, já registra a marca de 3 mil clientes, além de ser o mais bem avaliado na plataforma B2B Stack. Media Products media viewer No more previous content Conheça o RD Station CRM Como a Foco Turismo passou a vender até 100% mais com o RD Station CRM O que é um CRM? No more next content Featured customers of RD Station CRM Total Express Transportation, Logistics, Supply Chain and Storage 209,470 followers Consórcio Magalu Financial Services 16,861 followers Happy IT Services and IT Consulting 24,765 followers PROCAVE Investimentos e Incorporações Construction 22,365 followers Similar products Sales Cloud Sales Cloud Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Zoho CRM Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Bigin by Zoho CRM Bigin by Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Experian DataShare Experian DataShare Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Odoo CRM Odoo CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Freshsales Freshsales Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less RD Station products RD Station Conversas RD Station Conversas Chatbot Software RD Station Marketing RD Station Marketing Marketing Automation Software LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
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https://www.linkedin.com/products/aha-labs-inc--aha-academy/?trk=products_details_guest_other_products_by_org_section_product_link_result-card_image-click#main-content | Aha! Academy | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Aha! in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Aha! Academy Product Management Software by Aha! See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About Aha! Academy is the best way to learn about product management and Aha! software. Get certified and be recognized as an expert. Media Products media viewer No more previous content Aha! Academy - Learn and grow with Aha! Our team of product experts is here to teach you how to build lovable products and companies. Through Aha! Academy, we offer a variety of no-cost and fee-based learning paths to increase your product development knowledge and grow your skill set. Aha! Academy - Aha! Roadmaps certification Power up your career when you achieve Aha! Roadmaps certification. Thousands of professionals have attended our classes. You will benefit from immersive training led by skilled instructors. Be recognized as an expert — both in Aha! software and product management. No more next content Featured customers of Aha! Academy Surescripts IT Services and IT Consulting 20,221 followers MedStudy Education 1,384 followers Intuit Software Development 955,928 followers Similar products Productboard Productboard Product Management Software Product Portfolio Management Product Portfolio Management Product Management Software Producer Producer Product Management Software Dovetail Dovetail Product Management Software Interim Product Managers Interim Product Managers Product Management Software Aha! Discovery Aha! Discovery Product Management Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Aha! products Aha! Develop Aha! Develop DevOps Software Aha! Discovery Aha! Discovery Product Management Software Aha! Ideas Aha! Ideas Idea Management Software Aha! Knowledge Aha! Knowledge Knowledge Management Software Aha! Roadmaps Aha! Roadmaps Strategic Planning Software Aha! Teamwork Aha! Teamwork Project Management Software Aha! Whiteboards Aha! Whiteboards Whiteboard Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/faq.html | PuTTY FAQ PuTTY FAQ Home | FAQ | Feedback | Licence | Updates | Mirrors | Keys | Links | Team Download: Stable · Snapshot | Docs | Privacy | Changes | Wishlist Appendix A: PuTTY FAQ A.1 Introduction A.1.1 What is PuTTY? A.1.2 Why use PuTTY when I could use OpenSSH? A.2 Features supported in PuTTY A.2.1 Does PuTTY support storing its settings in a disk file? A.2.2 Does PuTTY have the ability to remember my password so I don't have to type it every time? A.2.3 Is there an option to turn off the annoying host key prompts? A.2.4 Will you write an SSH server for the PuTTY suite, to go with the client? A.3 Ports to other operating systems A.3.1 What ports of PuTTY exist? A.3.2 Will there ever be a Mac version of PuTTY? A.3.3 Is there a version of PuTTY for mobile operating systems? A.4 Embedding PuTTY in other programs A.4.1 Is the SSH or Telnet code available as a DLL? A.4.2 How can I use PuTTY to make an SSH connection from within another program? A.5 Details of PuTTY's operation A.5.1 What terminal type does PuTTY use? A.5.2 Where does PuTTY store its data? A.5.3 Why do small PuTTY icons appear next to the login prompts? A.5.4 Why has Plink started saying ‘Press Return to begin session’? A.6 HOWTO questions A.6.1 What login name / password should I use? A.6.2 What commands can I type into my PuTTY terminal window? A.6.3 How can I make PuTTY start up maximised? A.6.4 How can I create a Windows shortcut to start a particular saved session directly? A.6.5 How can I start an SSH session straight from the command line? A.6.6 How do I copy and paste between PuTTY and other Windows applications? A.6.7 How do I use all PuTTY's features (public keys, proxying, cipher selection, etc.) in PSCP, PSFTP and Plink? A.6.8 How do I use PSCP.EXE? When I double-click it gives me a command prompt window which then closes instantly. A.6.9 How do I use PSCP to copy a file whose name has spaces in? A.7 Troubleshooting A.7.1 I clicked on a colour in the Colours panel, and the colour didn't change in my terminal. A.7.2 When I run full-colour applications, I see areas of black space where colour ought to be, or vice versa. A.7.3 My PuTTY sessions unexpectedly close after they are idle for a while. A.7.4 PuTTY's network connections time out too quickly when network connectivity is temporarily lost. A.7.5 When I cat a binary file, I get ‘PuTTYPuTTYPuTTY’ on my command line. A.7.6 When I cat a binary file, my window title changes to a nonsense string. A.7.7 My keyboard stops working once PuTTY displays the password prompt. A.7.8 One or more function keys don't do what I expected in a server-side application. A.7.9 Since 0.78, I can't find where to configure my SSH private key. A.8 Security questions A.8.1 Is it safe for me to download PuTTY and use it on a public PC? A.8.2 What does PuTTY leave on a system? How can I clean up after it? A.8.3 Couldn't Pageant use VirtualLock() to stop private keys being written to disk? A.8.4 Is the version of PuTTY in the Microsoft Store legit? A.9 Administrative questions A.9.1 Is putty.org your website? A.9.2 When putty.org replaced its content with anti-vaccine propaganda in July 2025, was that because you were hacked or vandalised or taken over? A.9.3 With all these landing pages and imitators, how can I be sure where the real PuTTY website is? A.9.4 Why do the download links point to the.earth.li and not chiark? Has your website been hacked? A.9.5 Would you like me to register you a nicer domain name? A.9.6 Would you like free web hosting for the PuTTY web site? A.9.7 Would you link to my web site from the PuTTY web site? A.9.8 Why don't you move PuTTY to Github (or some other well known forge site)? A.9.9 Why can't I subscribe to the putty-bugs mailing list? A.9.10 If putty-bugs isn't a general-subscription mailing list, what is? A.9.11 How can I donate to PuTTY development? A.9.12 Can I have permission to put PuTTY on a cover disk / distribute it with other software / etc? A.9.13 Can you sign an agreement indemnifying us against security problems in PuTTY? A.9.14 Can you sign this form granting us permission to use/distribute PuTTY? A.9.15 Can you write us a formal notice of permission to use PuTTY? A.9.16 Can you sign anything for us? A.9.17 If you won't sign anything, can you give us some sort of assurance that you won't make PuTTY closed-source in future? A.9.18 Can you provide us with export control information / FIPS certification for PuTTY? A.9.19 As one of our existing software vendors, can you just fill in this questionnaire for us? A.9.20 The sha1sums / sha256sums / etc files on your download page don't match the binaries. A.10 Miscellaneous questions A.10.1 Is PuTTY a port of OpenSSH, or based on OpenSSH or OpenSSL? A.10.2 Does PuTTY contain or use any artificial intelligence (AI) or large language model (LLM)? A.10.3 What does ‘PuTTY’ mean? A.10.4 How do I pronounce ‘PuTTY’? Appendix A: PuTTY FAQ This FAQ is published on the PuTTY web site, and also provided as an appendix in the manual. A.1 Introduction A.1.1 What is PuTTY? PuTTY is a client program for the SSH network protocol, usually used to run terminal sessions over a network. It also supports running terminal sessions over a serial port, and a variety of older legacy network protocols such as Telnet, Rlogin, and SUPDUP. These protocols are all used to run a remote session on a computer, over a network. PuTTY implements the client end of that session: the end at which the session is displayed, rather than the end at which it runs. In really simple terms: you run PuTTY on a Windows machine, and tell it to connect to (for example) a Unix machine. PuTTY opens a window. Then, anything you type into that window is sent straight to the Unix machine, and everything the Unix machine sends back is displayed in the window. So you can work on the Unix machine as if you were sitting at its console, while actually sitting somewhere else. A.1.2 Why use PuTTY when I could use OpenSSH? These days, Windows comes with a version of OpenSSH as an optional component of the operating system, and its command prompt windows are much more like Unix terminals than they used to be. So it's true that if you want SSH on Windows, you can use OpenSSH in a Windows terminal, and not have to install PuTTY at all. We're not going to try to persuade you that you shouldn't use OpenSSH in preference to PuTTY. PuTTY is free software, in the ‘no cost’ sense as well as the ‘freedom’ sense – we don't get more money by having more users. PuTTY and OpenSSH have different feature sets, and different ways of doing things, and it's entirely up to you which you prefer. A few examples of things you might like about PuTTY: a range of built-in options to log your session to a file a range of configurable tweaks to the terminal emulation a unified saved-session system that lets you customise your settings for a particular destination host, including the SSH-specific settings (like authentication) and terminal and logging setup access to mid-session configuration via the GUI, instead of stealing a key sequence from your remote terminal session. With the OpenSSH [Return][ ~ ][thing] system, you always have to remember it's there even when you're not using it, to avoid triggering it with input you meant to send to the server. In PuTTY, the corresponding facilities (like reconfiguring port forwardings) are done using the GUI menus, and all keystrokes typed into the window consistently go to the server. simply, different terminal emulation from Windows's one, which you might find works better for some remote applications. Or you might not, of course; it will depend on what kind of machine you're connecting to, and maybe your personal preferences. And many people will have no opinion either way. and, of course, support for things that aren't SSH. In particular, talking to serial ports instead of the network. But if none of this impresses you, and you'd rather use Windows's version of OpenSSH, that's up to you. Unix, of course, has always had OpenSSH, even before the Unix version of PuTTY existed. So this question has been relevant for much longer! When we first wrote the Unix port of PuTTY, people asked us why it was necessary. Partly the answer was that having the PuTTY code run on Unix too made it easier to develop in general (Unix had a wider range of better development and debugging facilities, and in my opinion, still does). But the same considerations as above also apply: on Unix too I use GUI PuTTY for my SSH connections, so that I never have to deal with that ~ business, and I use the Unix pterm for my local terminal sessions too. A.2 Features supported in PuTTY In general, if you want to know if PuTTY supports a particular feature, you should look for it on the PuTTY web site . In particular: try the changes page , and see if you can find the feature on there. If a feature is listed there, it's been implemented. If it's listed as a change made since the latest version, it should be available in the development snapshots, in which case testing will be very welcome. try the Wishlist page , and see if you can find the feature there. If it's on there, and not in the ‘Recently fixed’ section, it probably hasn't been implemented. A.2.1 Does PuTTY support storing its settings in a disk file? Not at present, although section 4.33 in the documentation gives a method of achieving the same effect. A.2.2 Does PuTTY have the ability to remember my password so I don't have to type it every time? No, it doesn't. Remembering your password is a bad plan for obvious security reasons: anyone who gains access to your machine while you're away from your desk can find out the remembered password, and use it, abuse it or change it. In addition, it's not even possible for PuTTY to automatically send your password in a Telnet session, because Telnet doesn't give the client software any indication of which part of the login process is the password prompt. PuTTY would have to guess, by looking for words like ‘password’ in the session data; and if your login program is written in something other than English, this won't work. In SSH, remembering your password would be possible in theory, but there doesn't seem to be much point since SSH supports public key authentication, which is more flexible and more secure. See chapter 8 in the documentation for a full discussion of public key authentication. A.2.3 Is there an option to turn off the annoying host key prompts? No, there isn't. And there won't be. Even if you write it yourself and send us the patch, we won't accept it. Those annoying host key prompts are the whole point of SSH. Without them, all the cryptographic technology SSH uses to secure your session is doing nothing more than making an attacker's job slightly harder; instead of sitting between you and the server with a packet sniffer, the attacker must actually subvert a router and start modifying the packets going back and forth. But that's not all that much harder than just sniffing; and without host key checking, it will go completely undetected by client or server. Host key checking is your guarantee that the encryption you put on your data at the client end is the same encryption taken off the data at the server end; it's your guarantee that it hasn't been removed and replaced somewhere on the way. Host key checking makes the attacker's job astronomically hard, compared to packet sniffing, and even compared to subverting a router. Instead of applying a little intelligence and keeping an eye on oss-security, the attacker must now perform a brute-force attack against at least one military-strength cipher. That insignificant host key prompt really does make that much difference. If you're having a specific problem with host key checking – perhaps you want an automated batch job to make use of PSCP or Plink, and the interactive host key prompt is hanging the batch process – then the right way to fix it is to add the correct host key to the Registry in advance, or if the Registry is not available, to use the -hostkey command-line option (see section 3.11.3.22 ). That way, you retain the important feature of host key checking: the right key will be accepted and the wrong ones will not. Adding an option to turn host key checking off completely is the wrong solution and we will not do it. If you have host keys available in the common known_hosts format, we have a script called kh2reg.py to convert them to a Windows .REG file, which can be installed ahead of time by double-clicking or using REGEDIT . If you just manage and connect to a lot of servers with different host keys, you could consider using a ‘certification authority’, so that you only have to configure PuTTY once on each client machine to accept host keys from any of your servers in future. See section 4.19.4 . A.2.4 Will you write an SSH server for the PuTTY suite, to go with the client? Not one that you'd want to use. While much of the protocol and networking code can be made common between a client and server, to make a useful general-purpose server requires all sorts of fiddly new code like interacting with OS authentication databases and the like. A special-purpose SSH server (called Uppity) can now be built from the PuTTY source code. But it's not usable as a general-purpose server. Its purpose is to be a test harness. If someone else wants to use this as a basis for writing a general-purpose SSH server, they'd be perfectly welcome to, of course. But they would have to take responsibility for all of the security hardening that hasn't been done; we don't have time for that, and we don't have motivation. The code is available if anyone else wants to try it. A.3 Ports to other operating systems PuTTY is best known as a Windows tool, but it has an internal abstraction layer that permits it to run on other systems too. Here we discuss current, past and future possible ports. A.3.1 What ports of PuTTY exist? Currently, release versions of PuTTY tools only run on Windows systems and Unix. The Windows version is provided in the form of executables, for both x86 and Arm based Windows systems. The Unix version is provided as source code (although at least some Linux distributions provide it pre-built). Our standard Windows executable builds aim to run on all versions of Windows still in security support. Earlier versions might be supported if it's easy, but we don't promise to test them reliably. (For example, PuTTY 0.83 still runs on Windows XP – but the previous release 0.82 didn't.) We do not have release-quality ports for any other systems at the present time. If anyone told you we had an Android port, or an iOS port, or any other port of PuTTY, they were mistaken. We don't. There are some third-party ports to various platforms, mentioned on the Links page of our website . A.3.2 Will there ever be a Mac version of PuTTY? As of 2026, I doubt that the core PuTTY team will ever finish one. We've tried more than once. Around 2005 we attempted one in the form of a native Cocoa application, but it turned out to be very slow to redraw its window for some reason we never got to the bottom of. In 2015, after porting the GTK front end to work with GTK 3, we began another attempt, based on making small changes to the GTK code and building it against the OS X Quartz version of GTK 3. This didn't have the speed issue, and came much closer to being finished. But unfortunately the Quartz GTK port seems to have bit-rotted: the last time I tried to build the Mac port, I couldn't even figure out how to install a GTK it would build with. If anyone were interested in picking this up and finishing it, the TODO list in unix/main-gtk-application.c in the source code is a good place to start, and I'd be happy to provide advice and discussion. A.3.3 Is there a version of PuTTY for mobile operating systems? We don't have one ourselves, for either Android or iOS. The last time we checked, there was a third-party SSH client for the iPhone and iPod Touch called pTerm , which is apparently based on PuTTY. (This is nothing to do with our similarly-named pterm , which is a standalone terminal emulator.) We don't know of any Android SSH application based on the PuTTY code. (There are Android SSH applications based on other implementations.) A.4 Embedding PuTTY in other programs A.4.1 Is the SSH or Telnet code available as a DLL? No, it isn't. It would take a reasonable amount of rewriting for this to be possible, and since the PuTTY project itself doesn't believe in DLLs (they make installation more error-prone) none of us has taken the time to do it. Most of the code cleanup work would be a good thing to happen in general, so if anyone feels like helping, we wouldn't say no. See also the wishlist entry . A.4.2 How can I use PuTTY to make an SSH connection from within another program? Probably your best bet is to use Plink, the command-line connection tool. If you can start Plink as a second Windows process, and arrange for your primary process to be able to send data to the Plink process, and receive data from it, through pipes, then you should be able to make SSH connections from your program. A.5 Details of PuTTY's operation A.5.1 What terminal type does PuTTY use? By default, PuTTY has always announced its terminal type to SSH (and Telnet) servers as xterm , and tried to behave close enough to xterm itself that this works well enough. PuTTY also supports some terminal control sequences not supported by the real xterm : notably the Linux console sequences that reconfigure the colour palette, and the title bar control sequences used by DECterm (which are different from the xterm ones; PuTTY supports both). Since PuTTY was new, the xterm terminal type has split into many subtypes, so you may find that you benefit from upgrading to a terminal type such as xterm-256color to enable more features. In modern versions of Linux, the terminal type database also includes a terminal type for PuTTY itself, so you could try setting the terminal type to ‘ putty ’! We didn't write that database entry, and don't know in detail what it includes or which version of PuTTY it was based on. (We are sometimes asked why PuTTY doesn't use the ‘ putty ’ terminal type as default. Part of the reason is inertia. Another is that all the world's not Linux: I still worry that some servers will be confused by that terminal type. But perhaps one day we should switch over.) A.5.2 Where does PuTTY store its data? On Windows, PuTTY stores most of its data (saved sessions, SSH host keys) in the Registry. The precise location is HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\SimonTatham\PuTTY and within that area, saved sessions are stored under Sessions while host keys are stored under SshHostKeys . PuTTY also requires a random number seed file, to improve the unpredictability of randomly chosen data needed as part of the SSH cryptography. This is stored by default in a file called PUTTY.RND ; this is stored by default in the ‘Application Data’ directory, or failing that, one of a number of fallback locations. If you want to change the location of the random number seed file, you can put your chosen pathname in the Registry, at HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\SimonTatham\PuTTY\RandSeedFile You can ask PuTTY to delete all this data; see question A.8.2 . On Unix, PuTTY stores all of this data in a directory ~/.putty by default. A.5.3 Why do small PuTTY icons appear next to the login prompts? As of PuTTY 0.71, some lines of text in the terminal window are marked with a small copy of the PuTTY icon (as far as pixels allow). This is to show trustworthiness. When the PuTTY icon appears next to a line of text, it indicates that that line of text was generated by PuTTY itself, and not generated by the server and sent to PuTTY. Text that comes from the server does not have this icon, and we've arranged that the server should not be able to fake it. (There's no control sequence the server can send which will make PuTTY draw its own icon, and if the server tries to move the cursor back up to a line that already has an icon and overwrite the text, the icon will disappear.) This lets you tell the difference between (for example) a legitimate prompt in which PuTTY itself asks you for your private key passphrase, and a fake prompt in which the server tries to send the identical text to trick you into telling it your private key passphrase. A.5.4 Why has Plink started saying ‘Press Return to begin session’? As of PuTTY 0.71, if you use Plink for an interactive SSH session, then after the login phase has finished, it will present a final interactive prompt saying ‘Access granted. Press Return to begin session’. This is another defence against servers trying to mimic the real authentication prompts after the session has started. When you pass through that prompt, you know that everything after it is generated by the server and not by Plink itself, so any request for your private key passphrase should be treated with suspicion. In Plink, we can't use the defence described in section A.5.3 : Plink is running in the terminal, so anything it can write into the terminal, the server could write in the same way after the session starts. And we can't just print a separator line without a pause, because then the server could simply move the cursor back up to it and overwrite it (probably with a brief flicker, but you might easily miss that). The only robust defence anyone has come up with involves this pause. If you trust your server not to be abusive, you can turn this off. It will also not appear in various other circumstances where Plink can be confident it isn't necessary. See section 7.2.3.5 for details. A.6 HOWTO questions A.6.1 What login name / password should I use? This is not a question you should be asking us . PuTTY is a communications tool, for making connections to other computers. We maintain the tool; we don't administer any computers that you're likely to be able to use, in the same way that the people who make web browsers aren't responsible for most of the content you can view in them. We cannot help with questions of this sort. If you know the name of the computer you want to connect to, but don't know what login name or password to use, you should talk to whoever administers that computer. If you don't know who that is, see the next question for some possible ways to find out. A.6.2 What commands can I type into my PuTTY terminal window? Again, this is not a question you should be asking us . You need to read the manuals, or ask the administrator, of the computer you have connected to . PuTTY does not process the commands you type into it. It's only a communications tool. It makes a connection to another computer; it passes the commands you type to that other computer; and it passes the other computer's responses back to you. Therefore, the precise range of commands you can use will not depend on PuTTY, but on what kind of computer you have connected to and what software is running on it. The PuTTY team cannot help you with that. (Think of PuTTY as being a bit like a telephone. If you phone somebody up and you don't know what language to speak to make them understand you, it isn't the telephone company 's job to find that out for you. We just provide the means for you to get in touch; making yourself understood is somebody else's problem.) If you are unsure of where to start looking for the administrator of your server, a good place to start might be to remember how you found out the host name in the PuTTY configuration. If you were given that host name by e-mail, for example, you could try asking the person who sent you that e-mail. If your company's IT department provided you with ready-made PuTTY saved sessions, then that IT department can probably also tell you something about what commands you can type during those sessions. But the PuTTY maintainer team does not administer any server you are likely to be connecting to, and cannot help you with questions of this type. A.6.3 How can I make PuTTY start up maximised? There's no setting built in to PuTTY for this. But you can create a Windows shortcut to start PuTTY from, and set it as ‘Run Maximized’. A.6.4 How can I create a Windows shortcut to start a particular saved session directly? To run a PuTTY session saved under the name ‘ mysession ’, create a Windows shortcut that invokes PuTTY with a command line like \path\name\to\putty.exe -load "mysession" (Note: prior to 0.53, the syntax was @session . This is now deprecated and may be removed at some point.) A.6.5 How can I start an SSH session straight from the command line? Use the command line putty -ssh host.name . Alternatively, create a saved session that specifies the SSH protocol, and start the saved session as shown in question A.6.4 . A.6.6 How do I copy and paste between PuTTY and other Windows applications? By default, copy and paste works similarly to the X Window System. You use the left mouse button to select text in the PuTTY window. The act of selection automatically copies the text to the clipboard: there is no need to press Ctrl-Ins or Ctrl-C or anything else. In fact, pressing Ctrl-C will send a Ctrl-C character to the other end of your connection (just like it does the rest of the time), which may have unpleasant effects. The only thing you need to do, to copy text to the clipboard, is to select it. This default dates from the days when PuTTY was new, and its main target audience was ‘Unix expatriates’ – people who mostly used Unix desktop systems and were used to the X copy/paste mechanism, having to use Windows instead. The aim was ‘closest thing you can get to an xterm on Windows’. If you prefer a more ‘Windows native’ interface for copy and paste, via keystrokes or menu actions, with nothing happening automatically on select, then you can reconfigure the behaviour flexibly in PuTTY's configuration. See section 4.11 for details. To paste the clipboard contents into a PuTTY window, by default you click the right mouse button. If you have a three-button mouse and are used to X applications, you can configure pasting to be done by the middle button instead, but this is not the default because most Windows users don't have a middle button at all. You can also paste by pressing Shift-Ins. A.6.7 How do I use all PuTTY's features (public keys, proxying, cipher selection, etc.) in PSCP, PSFTP and Plink? Most major features (e.g., public keys, port forwarding) are available through command line options. See section 3.11.3 . Not all features are accessible from the command line yet, although we'd like to fix this. In the meantime, you can use most of PuTTY's features if you create a PuTTY saved session, and then use the name of the saved session on the command line in place of a hostname. This works for PSCP, PSFTP and Plink (but don't expect port forwarding in the file transfer applications!). A.6.8 How do I use PSCP.EXE? When I double-click it gives me a command prompt window which then closes instantly. PSCP is a command-line application, not a GUI application. If you run it without arguments, it will simply print a help message and terminate. To use PSCP properly, run it from a Command Prompt window. See chapter 5 in the documentation for more details. A.6.9 How do I use PSCP to copy a file whose name has spaces in? If PSCP is using the newer SFTP protocol (which is usual with most modern servers), this is straightforward; all filenames with spaces in are specified using a single pair of quotes in the obvious way: pscp "local file" user@host: pscp user@host:"remote file" . However, if PSCP is using the older SCP protocol for some reason, things are more confusing. If you're specifying a file at the local end, you just use one set of quotes as you would normally do: pscp "local filename with spaces" user@host: pscp user@host:myfile "local filename with spaces" But if the filename you're specifying is on the remote side, you have to use backslashes and two sets of quotes: pscp user@host:"\"remote filename with spaces\"" local_filename pscp local_filename user@host:"\"remote filename with spaces\"" Worse still, in a remote-to-local copy you have to specify the local file name explicitly, otherwise PSCP will complain that they don't match (unless you specified the -unsafe option). The following command will give an error message: c:\>pscp user@host:"\"oo er\"" . warning: remote host tried to write to a file called 'oo er' when we requested a file called '"oo er"'. Instead, you need to specify the local file name in full: c:\>pscp user@host:"\"oo er\"" "oo er" A.7 Troubleshooting A.7.1 I clicked on a colour in the Colours panel, and the colour didn't change in my terminal. That isn't how you're supposed to use the Colours panel. During the course of a session, PuTTY potentially uses all the colours listed in the Colours panel. It's not a question of using only one of them and you choosing which one; PuTTY will use them all . The purpose of the Colours panel is to let you adjust the appearance of all the colours. So to change the colour of the cursor, for example, you would select ‘Cursor Colour’, press the ‘Modify’ button, and select a new colour from the dialog box that appeared. Similarly, if you want your session to appear in green, you should select ‘Default Foreground’ and press ‘Modify’. Clicking on ‘ANSI Green’ won't turn your session green; it will only allow you to adjust the shade of green used when PuTTY is instructed by the server to display green text. A.7.2 When I run full-colour applications, I see areas of black space where colour ought to be, or vice versa. You almost certainly need to change the ‘Use background colour to erase screen’ setting in the Terminal panel. If there is too much black space (the commoner situation), you should enable it, while if there is too much colour, you should disable it. (See section 4.3.5 .) A.7.3 My PuTTY sessions unexpectedly close after they are idle for a while. Some types of firewall, and almost any router doing Network Address Translation ( NAT, also known as IP masquerading), will forget about a connection through them if the connection does nothing for too long. This will cause the connection to be rudely cut off when contact is resumed. You can try to combat this by telling PuTTY to send keepalives : packets of data which have no effect on the actual session, but which reassure the router or firewall that the network connection is still active and worth remembering about. Keepalives don't solve everything, unfortunately; although they cause greater robustness against this sort of router, they can also cause a loss of robustness against network dropouts. See section 4.14.1 in the documentation for more discussion of this. A.7.4 PuTTY's network connections time out too quickly when network connectivity is temporarily lost. This is a Windows problem, not a PuTTY problem. The timeout value can't be set on per application or per session basis. To increase the TCP timeout globally, you need to tinker with the Registry. On Windows 95, 98 or ME, the registry key you need to create or change is HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\VxD\ MSTCP\MaxDataRetries (it must be of type DWORD in Win95, or String in Win98/ME). (See MS Knowledge Base article 158474 for more information.) On Windows NT, 2000, or XP, the registry key to create or change is HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\ Parameters\TcpMaxDataRetransmissions and it must be of type DWORD. (See MS Knowledge Base articles 120642 and 314053 for more information.) Set the key's value to something like 10. This will cause Windows to try harder to keep connections alive instead of abandoning them. A.7.5 When I cat a binary file, I get ‘PuTTYPuTTYPuTTY’ on my command line. Don't do that, then. This is designed behaviour; when PuTTY receives the character Control-E from the remote server, it interprets it as a request to identify itself, and so it sends back the string ‘ PuTTY ’ as if that string had been entered at the keyboard. Control-E should only be sent by programs that are prepared to deal with the response. Writing a binary file to your terminal is likely to output many Control-E characters, and cause this behaviour. Don't do it. It's a bad plan. To mitigate the effects, you could configure the answerback string to be empty (see section 4.3.7 ); but writing binary files to your terminal is likely to cause various other unpleasant behaviour, so this is only a small remedy. A.7.6 When I cat a binary file, my window title changes to a nonsense string. Don't do that, then. It is designed behaviour that PuTTY should have the ability to adjust the window title on instructions from the server. Normally the control sequence that does this should only be sent deliberately, by programs that know what they are doing and intend to put meaningful text in the window title. Writing a binary file to your terminal runs the risk of sending the same control sequence by accident, and cause unexpected changes in the window title. Don't do it. A.7.7 My keyboard stops working once PuTTY displays the password prompt. No, it doesn't. PuTTY just doesn't display the password you type, so that someone looking at your screen can't see what it is. Unlike the Windows login prompts, PuTTY doesn't display the password as a row of asterisks either. This is so that someone looking at your screen can't even tell how long your password is, which might be valuable information. A.7.8 One or more function keys don't do what I expected in a server-side application. If you've already tried all the relevant options in the PuTTY Keyboard panel, you may need to mail the PuTTY maintainers and ask. It is not usually helpful just to tell us which application, which server operating system, and which key isn't working; in order to replicate the problem we would need to have a copy of every operating system, and every application, that anyone has ever complained about. PuTTY responds to function key presses by sending a sequence of control characters to the server. If a function key isn't doing what you expect, it's likely that the character sequence your application is expecting to receive is not the same as the one PuTTY is sending. Therefore what we really need to know is what sequence the application is expecting. The simplest way to investigate this is to find some other terminal environment, in which that function key does work; and then investigate what sequence the function key is sending in that situation. One reasonably easy way to do this on a Unix system is to type the command cat , and then press the function key. This is likely to produce output of the form ^[[11~ . You can also do this in PuTTY, to find out what sequence the function key is producing in that. Then you can mail the PuTTY maintainers and tell us ‘I wanted the F1 key to send ^[[11~ , but instead it's sending ^[OP , can this be done?’, or something similar. You should still read the Feedback page on the PuTTY website (also provided as appendix B in the manual), and follow the guidelines contained in that. A.7.9 Since 0.78, I can't find where to configure my SSH private key. In PuTTY 0.78, the ‘ Private key file for authentication’ control, where you specify a . PPK file for SSH public key authentication, moved to a new ‘Credentials’ panel in the configuration dialog. You can find this by opening the ‘SSH’ category in the tree view on the left, then opening the ‘Auth’ subcategory under that, then clicking on ‘Credentials’. On this page you'll find the ‘Browse...’ button you need to select a .PPK file for authentication, as described in section 4.22.1 . (This control had previously been on the ‘Auth’ panel since public key authentication was first released in 2002, so many online how-to guides still describe it there. The configuration controls were reorganised to make room for features added in 0.78, such as OpenSSH certificates.) A.8 Security questions A.8.1 Is it safe for me to download PuTTY and use it on a public PC? It depends on whether you trust that PC. If you don't trust the public PC, don't use PuTTY on it, and don't use any other software you plan to type passwords into either. It might be watching your keystrokes, or it might tamper with the PuTTY binary you download. There is no program safe enough that you can run it on an actively malicious PC and get away with typing passwords into it. If you do trust the PC, then it's probably OK to use PuTTY on it (but if you don't trust the network, then the PuTTY download might be tampered with, so it would be better to carry PuTTY with you on a USB stick). A.8.2 What does PuTTY leave on a system? How can I clean up after it? PuTTY will leave some Registry entries, and a random seed file, on the PC (see question A.5.2 ). Windows 7 and up also remember some information about recently launched sessions for the ‘jump list’ feature. If you are using PuTTY on a public PC, or somebody else's PC, you might want to clean this information up when you leave. You can do that automatically, by running the command putty -cleanup . See section 3.11.2 in the documentation for more detail. (Note that this only removes settings for the currently logged-in user on multi-user systems.) If PuTTY was installed from the installer package, it will also appear in ‘Add/Remove Programs’. Current versions of the installer do not offer to remove the above-mentioned items, so if you want them removed you should run putty -cleanup before uninstalling. A.8.3 Couldn't Pageant use VirtualLock() to stop private keys being written to disk? Unfortunately not. The VirtualLock() function in the Windows API doesn't do a proper job: it may prevent small pieces of a process's memory from being paged to disk while the process is running, but it doesn't stop the process's memory as a whole from being swapped completely out to disk when the process is long-term inactive. And Pageant spends most of its time inactive. A.8.4 Is the version of PuTTY in the Microsoft Store legit? The free-of-charge ‘PuTTY’ application at this link is published and maintained by us. The copy there is the latest release, usually updated within a few days of us publishing it on our own website. There have been other copies of PuTTY on the store, some looking quite similar, and some charging money. Those were uploaded by other people, and we can't guarantee anything about them. The first version we published to the Microsoft Store was 0.76 (some time after its initial release on our website). A.9 Administrative questions A.9.1 Is putty.org your website? No, it isn't, and it never has been. We don't own it; we can't control it; we have no responsibility for anything it does. putty.org was set up by an opportunist selling a competing SSH client for money, who initially used it to interpose adverts for their own commercial SSH implementation in the course of providing a link to our free one. Then in July 2025 it changed its content to host anti-vaccine propaganda. We have no idea what it might do next. Since the start of PuTTY, the real PuTTY web site, run by the PuTTY team, has always been at https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/ . We don't recommend that anyone use putty.org as a convenient redirector, or indeed any other convenient landing page that is not ours. There are a few others, some set up in entirely good faith, but you never know. As of August 2025, we have registered putty.software and made that into an official landing page. If you'd like a short easy URL, that's the one to use, especially if we move the main website there in future. A.9.2 When putty.org replaced its content with anti-vaccine propaganda in July 2025, was that because you were hacked or vandalised or taken over? No, because putty.org was never ours in the first place (see question A.9.1 ). It wasn't stolen from us, or bought from us. The same person who owned it all along decided to change its content. A.9.3 With all these landing pages and imitators, how can I be sure where the real PuTTY website is? Every release of PuTTY embeds a URL to the web site, via the ‘Visit web site’ button in the About box. The real website is where PuTTY itself says it is. If you download a cryptographically signed version of PuTTY – either a Windows binary signed with Simon Tatham's Authenticode key, or anything signed with the PuTTY team's GPG key – then you can confirm that the URL embedded in that copy is the one that the developers themselves endorse as the true web site. As of August 2025, putty.software is a second web location owned by us, the PuTTY developers. That too is endorsed by signed copies of PuTTY, via being mentioned in this FAQ section of the help file. If we move the web site later – as of August 2025, our plan is to move it from the chiark domain name to once the latter is generally recognised as legitimate – then we will keep a redirection of some kind at the old location, so that it continues to work. Both URLs will continue to be legitimate places to find PuTTY, whichever is currently preferred. A.9.4 Why do the download links point to the.earth.li and not chiark? Has your website been hacked? We haven't been hacked: links to the.earth.li are legit. The files for released versions of PuTTY are hosted on a different server from the web pages, for bandwidth reasons. The download site the.earth.li is hosted by Mythic Beasts , and we're very grateful to them! A.9.5 Would you like me to register you a nicer domain name? No, thank you. We've got one: putty.software . For a long time, this FAQ entry said that we were happy with the site where it is. However, in 2025, as a result of some media attention to putty.org , it became clear that search engines these days seem to prefer short whole domain names over user subdirectories on a larger server. So we registered a domain name ourselves. As of August 2025, putty.software is a small landing page, similar to third-party redirectors except not run by a third party. After we've got the word out and built some trust, the plan is to move the whole PuTTY site there and turn the old chiark site into a redirection. A.9.6 Would you like free web hosting for the PuTTY web site? We already have some, thanks. A.9.7 Would you link to my web site from the PuTTY web site? Only if the content of your web page is of definite direct interest to PuTTY users. If your content is unrelated, or only tangentially related, to PuTTY, then the link would simply be advertising for you. This is still true even if you offer to pay us. We aren't interested in trading links for money, and we certainly aren't interested in trading links for other links. If we don't want to link to you for free, then we probably won't want to link to you at all. If you have software based on PuTTY, or specifically designed to interoperate with PuTTY, or in some other way of genuine interest to PuTTY users, then we will probably be happy to add a link to you on our Links page. And if you're running a particularly valuable mirror of the PuTTY web site, we might be interested in linking to you from our Mirrors page. A.9.8 Why don't you move PuTTY to Github (or some other well known forge site)? Primarily, trust. PuTTY is a security product, and as such it is particularly important to guard the code and the web site against unauthorised modifications which might introduce subtle security flaws. Therefore, we prefer that the Git repository, web site and FTP site remain where they are, under the direct control of system administrators we know and trust personally. Large organisations seem less trustworthy to us because they have a lot of employees, any of whom could attempt an insider attack; because management can change or companies can be bought out, and a benign company today could become a malicious one tomorrow. Github in particular already seems like a dangerously large single point of failure. I'd rather contribute to the Internet being distributed than contribute to it being centralised. In addition, the Github software isn't itself free, so although you can export the actual source repository itself at any time (every ‘ git clone ’ does that), you're locked in once all your other metadata (issues, pull requests etc) is stored in Github's format on Github's systems. I know that if you have a Github presence already, it would be most convenient for you if everyone else was on Github too so that you could interact with them all in the same easy way. Sorry about that. But that seductive ease of use is how large companies attract a large user base to monetise or exploit later, and we don't want to participate in that any more than we have to. A.9.9 Why can't I subscribe to the putty-bugs mailing list? Because you're not a member of the PuTTY core development team. The putty-bugs mailing list is not a general newsgroup-like discussion forum; it's a contact address for the core developers, and an internal mailing list for us to discuss things among ourselves. If we opened it up for everybody to subscribe to, it would turn into something more like a newsgroup and we would be completely overwhelmed by the volume of traffic. It's hard enough to keep up with the list as it is. A.9.10 If putty-bugs isn't a general-subscription mailing list, what is? There isn't one, that we know of. If someone else wants to set up a mailing list or other forum for PuTTY users to help each other with common problems, that would be fine with us, though the PuTTY team would almost certainly not have the time to read it. A.9.11 How can I donate to PuTTY development? Please, please don't feel you have to. PuTTY is completely free software, and not shareware. We think it's very important that everybody who wants to use PuTTY should be able to, whether they have any money or not; so the last thing we would want is for a PuTTY user to feel guilty because they haven't paid us any money. If you want to keep your money, please do keep it. We wouldn't dream of asking for any. Having said all that, if you still really want to give us money, we won't argue :-) The easiest way for us to accept donations is if you send money to <anakin@pobox.com> using PayPal ( www.paypal.com ). If you don't like PayPal, talk to us; we can probably arrange some alternative means. Small donations (tens of dollars or tens of euros) will probably be spent on beer or curry, which helps motivate our volunteer team to continue doing this for the world. Larger donations will be spent on something that actually helps development, if we can find anything (perhaps new hardware, or a new version of Windows), but if we can't find anything then we'll just distribute the money among the developers. If you want to be sure your donation is going towards something worthwhile, ask us first. If you don't like these terms, feel perfectly free not to donate. We don't mind. A.9.12 Can I have permission to put PuTTY on a cover disk / distribute it with other software / etc? Yes. For most things, you need not bother asking us explicitly for permission; our licence already grants you permission. See section B.9 for more details. A.9.13 Can you sign an agreement indemnifying us against security problems in PuTTY? No! A vendor of physical security products (e.g. locks) might plausibly be willing to accept financial liability for a product that failed to perform as advertised and resulted in damage (e.g. valuables being stolen). The reason they can afford to do this is because they sell a lot of units, and only a small proportion of them will fail; so they can meet their financial liability out of the income from all the rest of their sales, and still have enough left over to make a profit. Financial liability is intrinsically linked to selling your product for money. There are two reasons why PuTTY is not analogous to a physical lock in this context. One is that software products don't exhibit random variation: if PuTTY has a security hole (which does happen, although we do our utmost to prevent it and to respond quickly when it does), every copy of PuTTY will have the same hole, so it's likely to affect all the users at the same time. So even if our users were all paying us to use PuTTY, we wouldn't be able to simultaneously pay every affected user compensation in excess of the amount they had paid us in the first place. It just wouldn't work. The second, much more important, reason is that PuTTY users don't pay us. The PuTTY team does not have an income; it's a volunteer effort composed of people spending their spare time to try to write useful software. We aren't even a company or any kind of legally recognised organisation. We're just a bunch of people who happen to do some stuff in our spare time. Therefore, to ask us to assume financial liability is to ask us to assume a risk of having to pay it out of our own personal pockets: out of the same budget from which we buy food and clothes and pay our rent. That's more than we're willing to give. We're already giving a lot of our spare time to developing software for free; if we had to pay our own money to do it as well, we'd start to wonder why we were bothering. Free software fundamentally does not work on the basis of financial guarantees. Your guarantee of the software functioning correctly is simply that you have the source code and can check it before you use it. If you want to be | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bitazza.freedom.wallet&hl=af | Freedom World - Apps on Google Play Games Apps Books Kids google_logo Play Games Apps Books Kids none search help_outline Sign in with Google play_apps Library & devices payment Payments & subscriptions reviews My Play activity redeem Offers Play Pass Personalization in Play settings Settings Privacy Policy • Terms of Service Games Apps Books Kids Freedom World Bitazza Company Limited 100K+ Downloads Rated for 3+ info Install Share Add to wishlist About this app arrow_forward Freedom World – Chat, Make Friends, Earn Points, and Redeem Real Rewards! Freedom World is an all-in-one community platform that lets you chat, connect, and make new friends easily through a user-friendly chat app. Enjoy a variety of fun missions to collect “Freedom Shards” and redeem them for real rewards – no extra cost. The more you engage, the more you get! One app, endless fun – community, games, and rewards in one place! Whether you're looking to chat, find friends with similar interests, or enjoy rewarding activities, Freedom World is the app for you! Join interest-based communities – finance, gaming, lifestyle, restaurants, top shops, and more – and easily connect and chat with new people through our smooth chat and social feed features. Plus, enjoy live streaming to keep up with real-time content and entertainment. Complete fun missions to collect Freedom Shards and exchange them for exclusive prizes – from in-app rewards to gift cards and real products. Every shard you earn has real value! 🎮 Battle on with “The Scape” – our strategy card game Fight, train your tactics, and collect shards to redeem rewards. Complete daily missions and start earning right away! 💡 Why choose Freedom World? ■ Make new friends – chat, play, and connect based on shared interests ■ Smooth, user-friendly chat and messaging system ■ Join communities that match your interests – from gaming and finance to lifestyle ■ Enjoy live streaming – stay updated with knowledge or entertainment in real time ■ Collect Freedom Shards and redeem real rewards – no hidden costs ■ Join branded missions and campaigns – the more you join, the more you earn 🎁 What kind of rewards can you get? Use the points you collect from chatting, playing games, or engaging with communities to redeem: ■ Gift cards from leading stores ■ Limited edition items ■ Discount codes ■ Everyday essentials ■ And many more rewards, updated regularly! Whether you're here to make friends, chat, share stories, or earn and redeem points – Freedom World has everything you need to have fun every day. Download now and start your shard-earning journey today! Updated on Nov 20, 2025 Social Data safety arrow_forward Safety starts with understanding how developers collect and share your data. Data privacy and security practices may vary based on your use, region, and age. The developer provided this information and may update it over time. No data shared with third parties Learn more about how developers declare sharing This app may collect these data types Personal info, Financial info, and App info and performance Data is encrypted in transit You can request that data be deleted See details What’s new Bug fixes and Improvements flag Flag as inappropriate App support expand_more public Website email Support email support@freedom.world shield Privacy Policy About the developer BITAZZA COMPANY LIMITED hamidreza.momeni@bitazza.com 2922/280 New Phetchaburi Road 24 Floor HUAI KHWANG 10310 Thailand +49 1590 1400651 Similar apps arrow_forward TCG Card Value Scanner - Shiny Shiny Cardboard LLC Ronin Wallet Sky Mavis Pte. Ltd. 4.0 star Wombat - Powered by PlayMind PlayMind 5.0 star Ledger Wallet™ crypto app Ledger 4.7 star Tykr: Confident Investing Tykr LLC Seeking Alpha: News & Analysis SeekingAlpha 4.6 star flag Flag as inappropriate Google Play Play Pass Play Points Gift cards Redeem Refund policy Kids & family Parent Guide Family sharing Terms of Service Privacy About Google Play Developers Google Store All prices include VAT. South Korea (English) 상호명: Google LLC. | 대표자: Sundar Pichai | 주소: 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States | 고객센터: 080-085-1500 (무료) / gpk-usersupport@google.com | 호스팅 서비스 제공: Google LLC. | 사업자정보 Google Play에 등록된 앱과 게임은 각 개발자가 제공하고 판매하는 것이며, Google LLC가 개발자로 표시된 앱과 게임 이외에 Play에 | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/freshworks-inc-freshchat/?trk=products_seo_search | Freshchat | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Freshworks in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Freshchat Live Chat Software by Freshworks See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About Freshchat helps B2C businesses have smarter conversations with their customers to help convert, engage, and support them, wherever they are. Our solution helps you connect with customers across channels, provide intuitive deflection with AI-powered chatbots, and enable personalized and proactive self-service at scale. This product is intended for Customer Service Representative Customer Service Manager Customer Support Specialist Marketing Representative Vice President Customer Service Customer Support Representative Product Marketing Manager Senior Product Marketing Manager Media Products media viewer No more previous content Meet Freshchat Freshchat uses conversational engagement, AI-powered chat, and bots to anticipate the needs of your customers. Our single solution makes onboarding a breeze, giving you more time to delight your customers. Grow customer love with smarter conversations. Today’s relationships are digital and always on. Power your business with intuitive and intelligent conversations. Scale support with AI-driven bots on any channel Customers seek quick and effortless self-service on the channels of their choice. Easily create and deploy AI-driven bot experiences across your website, native app, and messaging channels. Simplified and contextual agent experiences. Give agents real-time context to perform faster and with ease. Modern, cost-effective support Adopt a digital-first approach to resolve faster, control costs, and scale customer service. No more next content Featured customers of Freshchat Klarna Software Development 390,433 followers Travix Software Development 16,312 followers Discover Financial Services 234,651 followers Supr Daily by Swiggy Technology, Information and Internet 26,890 followers FinAccel Financial Services 65,708 followers KaafMeem Retail Apparel and Fashion 2,719 followers KKday Travel Arrangements 68,182 followers Musafir.com Travel Arrangements 64,614 followers GetYourGuide Software Development 105,905 followers Zoomcar Travel Arrangements 58,259 followers instantprintuk Printing Services 2,823 followers CISS S.A - Gestão para o Varejo IT Services and IT Consulting 21,693 followers Dunzo Technology, Information and Internet 356,114 followers HP IT Services and IT Consulting 5,229,473 followers Decathlon Sports India Retail 330,390 followers Harvey Norman Retail 44,761 followers Blue Nile Retail 33,285 followers MakeMyTrip Technology, Information and Internet 992,004 followers Show more Show less Similar products ChatR ChatR Live Chat Software ICE Chat ICE Chat Live Chat Software Webchat Webchat Live Chat Software Microsoft Teams Microsoft Teams Live Chat Software LiveChat LiveChat Live Chat Software Chat Chat Live Chat Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Freshworks products Freshdesk Freshdesk Help Desk Software Freshdesk Omni Freshdesk Omni Help Desk Software Freshmarketer Freshmarketer Marketing Automation Software Freshsales Freshsales Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Freshservice Freshservice Service Desk Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/a10networks-a10-thunder-tps-ddos-defense-solutions/?trk=products_seo_search | A10 Defend - Intelligent &amp; Automated DDoS Protection | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn A10 Networks, Inc in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in A10 Defend - Intelligent & Automated DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software by A10 Networks, Inc See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About A10 Defend provides a holistic DDoS protection solution that is scalable, economical, precise, and intelligent to help customers ensure optimal user and subscriber experiences. Media Products media viewer No more previous content A10 Defend Threat Control The A10 Defend suite, composed of A10 Defend Mitigator, A10 Defend Detector, A10 Defend Threat Control, and A10 Defend Orchestrator, provides a holistic solution that is scalable, economical, precise, and intelligent to help customers ensure optimal user and subscriber experiences. A10 Defend Suite Used by the top service providers and online gaming companies, the A10 Defend suite consists of several components. A10 Defend Detector efficiently identifies abnormal traffic, A10 Defend Mitigator (previously Thunder TPS) automatically and intelligently mitigates the identified inbound DDoS attack, A10 Defend Threat Control proactively provides standalone layered defense and actionable insights, and A10 Defend Orchestrator (previously aGalaxy) provides seamless DDoS defense execution. Demo: A10 Defend Threat Control A10 Defend Threat Control provides a robust first layer of DDoS defense. By leveraging proprietary ML/AL-enhanced data processing techniques, Threat Control proactively monitors attackers and understands key DDoS attack methods, with or without dedicated DDoS prevention solutions. No more next content Featured customers of A10 Defend - Intelligent & Automated DDoS Protection World Wide Technology IT Services and IT Consulting 806,684 followers Fastly Software Development 64,600 followers Imperium Dynamics IT Services and IT Consulting 18,464 followers Dell Technologies Computer Hardware Manufacturing 5,431,605 followers Similar products Cloudflare DDoS Protection Cloudflare DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Cloudflare Spectrum Cloudflare Spectrum DDoS Protection Software Akamai Prolexic Routed Akamai Prolexic Routed DDoS Protection Software OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Kona DDoS Defender Kona DDoS Defender DDoS Protection Software Kaspersky DDoS Protection Kaspersky DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/cloudflare-spectrum/?trk=products_seo_search | Cloudflare Spectrum | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Cloudflare in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Cloudflare Spectrum DDoS Protection Software by Cloudflare See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About Cloudflare Spectrum increases TCP and UDP security and prevents DDoS attacks for gaming, mail, SSH, and other services. Similar products Cloudflare DDoS Protection Cloudflare DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Akamai Prolexic Routed Akamai Prolexic Routed DDoS Protection Software OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Kona DDoS Defender Kona DDoS Defender DDoS Protection Software Kaspersky DDoS Protection Kaspersky DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Cloudflare products Argo Smart Routing Argo Smart Routing Network Management Software Cloudflare DDoS Protection Cloudflare DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Cloudflare DNS Cloudflare DNS Managed DNS Services Software Cloudflare Load Balancing Cloudflare Load Balancing Load Balancing Software Cloudflare Registrar Cloudflare Registrar Managed DNS Services Software Cloudflare SSL / TLS Cloudflare SSL / TLS SSL Certificates Software Cloudflare WAF Cloudflare WAF Web Application Firewalls (WAF) Cloudflare Web Analytics Cloudflare Web Analytics Digital Analytics Software Cloudflare Workers Cloudflare Workers Server Virtualization Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/categories/calendar-software | Best Calendar Software | Products | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Clear text Used by Used by Owner (2) Scheduling Specialist (2) Manager (2) Event Marketing Manager (2) Product Manager (2) See all products Find top products in Calendar Software category Software used to organize tasks and appointments by day, week, month, or year. - Mark important dates and schedule reminders, alerts, meetings, and events - Use features like scheduling assistants, address books, and contact lists - Create group calendars to share and collaborate - Add notes, links, descriptions, and to-do lists 101 results Notion Calendar Calendar Software by Notion All of your commitments, now in one place. Meet the beautifully designed, fully integrated calendar for your work and life. View product Fajr Calendar Calendar Software by Blink22 A calendar built for more — to help you live intentionally, stay focused, and bring meaning to every moment of your day. 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View product See more How it works Explore Discover the best product for your need from a growing catalog of 25,000 products and categories trusted by LinkedIn professionals Learn Evaluate new tools, explore trending products in your industry and see who in your network is skilled in the product Grow Join communities of product users to learn best practices, celebrate your progress and accelerate your career LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/aha-labs-inc--aha-academy/ | Aha! Academy | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Aha! in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Aha! Academy Product Management Software by Aha! See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About Aha! Academy is the best way to learn about product management and Aha! software. Get certified and be recognized as an expert. Media Products media viewer No more previous content Aha! Academy - Learn and grow with Aha! Our team of product experts is here to teach you how to build lovable products and companies. Through Aha! Academy, we offer a variety of no-cost and fee-based learning paths to increase your product development knowledge and grow your skill set. Aha! Academy - Aha! Roadmaps certification Power up your career when you achieve Aha! Roadmaps certification. Thousands of professionals have attended our classes. You will benefit from immersive training led by skilled instructors. Be recognized as an expert — both in Aha! software and product management. No more next content Featured customers of Aha! Academy Surescripts IT Services and IT Consulting 20,221 followers MedStudy Education 1,384 followers Intuit Software Development 955,928 followers Similar products Productboard Productboard Product Management Software Product Portfolio Management Product Portfolio Management Product Management Software Producer Producer Product Management Software Dovetail Dovetail Product Management Software Interim Product Managers Interim Product Managers Product Management Software Aha! Discovery Aha! Discovery Product Management Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Aha! products Aha! Develop Aha! Develop DevOps Software Aha! Discovery Aha! Discovery Product Management Software Aha! Ideas Aha! Ideas Idea Management Software Aha! Knowledge Aha! Knowledge Knowledge Management Software Aha! Roadmaps Aha! Roadmaps Strategic Planning Software Aha! Teamwork Aha! Teamwork Project Management Software Aha! Whiteboards Aha! Whiteboards Whiteboard Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/notionhq-notion-calendar/?trk=products_details_guest_other_products_by_org_section_product_link_result-card_image-click#main-content | Notion Calendar | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Notion in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Notion Calendar Calendar Software by Notion See who's skilled in this Add as skill Get started Report this product About All of your commitments, now in one place. Meet the beautifully designed, fully integrated calendar for your work and life. Media Products media viewer No more previous content Meet Notion Calendar Introducing Notion Calendar — beautifully designed and fully integrated for your work and life. Get it for free today at notion.so/calendar/signup. Time management, simplified. Fully integrated with your Notion workspace. Work and life, playing nice. No more next content Similar products Fajr Calendar Fajr Calendar Calendar Software CompuLaw CompuLaw Calendar Software Tuta Calendar Tuta Calendar Calendar Software Akiflow Akiflow Calendar Software Oktana Calendar (for Salesforce) Oktana Calendar (for Salesforce) Calendar Software Calendars Calendars Calendar Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Notion products Notion Notion Knowledge Management Software Notion Mail Notion Mail Email Software LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/categories/idea-management-software?trk=products_details_guest_product_category | Best Idea Management Software | Products | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Clear text Used by Used by Director of Innovation (30) Innovation Manager (29) Head of Innovation (25) Chief Innovation Officer (22) Innovation Project Manager (12) See all products Find top products in Idea Management Software category Software used to collect, systemize, and refine ideas for business products and services. - Enable employees, customers, and stakeholders to submit suggestions - Create a centralized and categorized database of crowdsourced ideas - Provide mechanisms for collaboration, voting, and feedback on ideas - Track idea implementation and success metrics 151 results Aha! Ideas Idea Management Software by Aha! Aha! Ideas is the comprehensive idea management solution — crowdsource feedback, engage your community, and prioritize what drives revenue. View product Strategyzer Idea Management Software by Strategyzer Innovation Management Software - Design, test and validate business ideas - from the creators of the Business Model Canvas and Value Proposition Canvas. View product Minitab Engage Idea Management Software by Minitab The only solution designed to start, track, manage and share innovation and improvement initiatives from idea generation through execution. Foster the best ideas and encourage workforce engagement by inviting everyone in your organization to submit their ideas wherever and whenever they arise, using the fully customizable idea form. Streamline your process of vetting which ideas move forward to become projects. Select steering committees so the right people are notified, and action items don't get lost in a Friday afternoon barrage of emails. Map each step in your journey with the Minitab Engage project manager and a robust set of visual tools and forms that enable the execution of projects and commercialization of innovations throughout your organization. Track KPIs with dynamic dashboards - visualize key project metrics with dynamic, up-to-the-minute tracking of performance metrics of your program. View product Idea Management System Idea Management Software by Wakeb_Data In order to ensure the importance of the great role of all employees and employees of any entity we offer you the system "Idea" is a system that allows each employee to be more innovative and inspired and contributes to the progress of the organization through the sharing of ideas and suggestions View product Gigster Idea Management Software by Gigster Build world-class teams that deliver game-changing custom software with Gigster's innovation management solution. View product Find products trusted by professionals in your network See which products are used by connections in your network and those that share similar job titles Sign in to view full insights IDEAS WAY Idea Management Software by YOUXEL Technology IDEASWAY is a distinguished idea management platform, where amazing ideas are innovated, visualized, and collaborated over. Allow your users to submit their ideas and vote for the best ones. Easily collect, improve, and review ideas portfolios and execute selected ones. IDEASWAY... end-to-end the whole life cycle of idea management; starting from receiving and building the core idea submission, reviewing it, calling for a vote over it, managing discussions, reviewing the idea demand, and the interactions that happened since it has been presented, until accepting the idea and executing the idea implementation. Fulfill your extreme success through your employees' knowledge and benefit from their prudence to collect, evaluate, and carry out drops of ideas that will lead to a river of successful business results. View product Transformation Idea Management Software by Brightidea Use Brightidea Transformation to enact far-reaching change in your company through cultural, digital, or organizational transformation. View product Brightidea Idea Management Software by Brightidea Brightidea innovation management software amplifies the impact of your corporate innovation team. Manage Innovation on the #1 Rated Platform. View product Agorize INNOVATION Idea Management Software by Agorize Innovate better and faster. All the features you need, on a single innovation platform fueled by 10M affiliates innovators, and startups. Accelerate innovation from seed to execution by connecting companies and talents everywhere at scale. View product KICKBOX Intrapreneurship Program Idea Management Software by rready.AI The KICKBOX Intrapreneurship Program helps you unleash the full potential of your employees and enable them to execute their ideas. Get started with a combination of a scalable online platform, a proven methodology, and access to professional services and strategic support. This will make innovation within your company measurable and transparent while engaging with your employees and educating them using gamified elements. View product See more How it works Explore Discover the best product for your need from a growing catalog of 25,000 products and categories trusted by LinkedIn professionals Learn Evaluate new tools, explore trending products in your industry and see who in your network is skilled in the product Grow Join communities of product users to learn best practices, celebrate your progress and accelerate your career LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/categories/build-automation-tools?trk=products_details_guest_other_products_by_org_section_product_link_result-card_subtitle-click#main-content | Best Build Automation Tools | Products | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Clear text Used by Used by Software Engineer (9) Senior Software Engineer (3) Information Technology Manager (3) Chief Executive Officer (3) Ecommerce Marketing Manager (2) See all products Find top products in Build Automation Tools category Software used to compile source code into binary machine code with associated processes. - Use scripting language to coordinate and automate compilation processes - Automate binary code distribution, events, and testing - Leverage library of plugins and use build and source code management tools - Provide documentation and track build performance metrics 60 results Tencent Cloud Automation Tools Build Automation Tools by Tencent TencentCloud Automation Tools (TAT) is a native Ops and deployment tool for CVM and Lighthouse instances. It supports automatic remote operations for instance management, batch execution of commands (Shell, Powershell, Python), and common tasks such as running automated Ops scripts, polling, installing/uninstalling software, updating applications, and installing patches. View product ARM Build Automation Tools by AutoRABIT Automated Release Management (ARM) provides everything Salesforce developers need to quickly produce strong, secure applications and updates. Strategic automation streamlines essential aspects of the development process to eliminate costly, repetitive tasks and enhance the quality of code, speed, and developer efficiency—enabling true continuous integration and continuous delivery/deployment (CI/CD). Automated tools like sandbox management, Data Loader Pro, and deployment automation address crucial aspects of the Salesforce DevSecOps pipeline. Businesses in regulated industries like healthcare, finance, and life sciences benefit from ARM’s partner solutions with nCino, Veeva, and Vlocity. ARM seamlessly integrates with AutoRABIT’s complete DevSecOps platform to magnify the potential of other tools like Vault data backup and recovery, CodeScan Shield static code analysis and policy management, and more. View product Tenjin Enterprise Build Automation Tools by Yethi Consulting Robotic Test Automation Solution catering to the Banking and FInancial services industry. Proven connectors to multiple banking applications and a growing customer base. View product ElectroNeek: RPA and AI Platform Reviews Build Automation Tools by ElectroNeek ElectroNeek is an Intelligent Automation Platform transforming business process management in enterprises by integrating AI bots with employee workflows, automating routines, and helping humans to focus on more creative and strategic tasks. ElectroNeek provides a wide range of exciting low-code automation tools based on RPA, IDP, AI and GPT-4 (Conversational and Generative) technologies. View product Develocity Build Automation Tools by Gradle Inc. Develocity provides comprehensive observability, build and test acceleration technologies, and rapid troubleshooting features for Apache #Maven, #Android Studio, #Bazel, #sbt, #npm, #Python, and #Gradle Build Tool. View product Find products trusted by professionals in your network See which products are used by connections in your network and those that share similar job titles Sign in to view full insights M156AD Rugged Tablet (Big Screen) Build Automation Tools by Winmate Inc. Designed for AIoT and factory automation, the M156 series rugged tablet is powered by the 12th Gen Intel® Alder Lake Processor, delivering high performance across industrial applications. The 15.6” FHD display with anti-glare technology ensures clear visibility in direct sunlight. In addition, the tablet is built to endure harsh environments, with MIL-STD-810H certification ensuring its durability. Featuring a USB Type-C port that supports PD 3.0 and ALT mode, along with an integrated GigaLAN port for fast networking, dual hot-swappable batteries, WiFi-6E support, and optional WWAN 5G connectivity, the M156AD enhances efficiency and seamless operations in demanding industrial settings. View product Rappit Developer Build Automation Tools by Rappit Rappit Developer is an AI-led application development platform that enables business analysts & developers to accelerate the building of advanced enterprise business applications at scale in Java. The product facilitates smart requirements gathering and documentation, instant prototyping, code generation. You build it. You own it. Low-code speed. High-code flexibility. Without lock-in. View product Parabola Build Automation Tools by Parabola Transform complex data-based workflows into simple step-by-step processes with Parabola. Pull in data from any source you can imagine—from scattered spreadsheets and tools, to emails and PDFs—and build logic that replicates the manual work you do every day. Use our canvas to combine and transform your data, and surface the results to the right people at the right time so you can do more with the data you rely on. In the process, you’ll codify the steps for every workflow you manage so they become repeatable, shareable, and usable for the whole team. View product Edge AI Panel PC Build Automation Tools by Winmate Inc. Winmate’s Edge AI Panel PCs are transforming industrial automation with advanced GPU integration, enabling real-time control, AI-driven insights, and high-speed data processing. Equipped with NVIDIA and Intel GPUs, these devices enhance performance across industries, from manufacturing and logistics to healthcare. With large display sizes and robust computing power, they optimize monitoring, analytics, and process efficiency. As industries embrace digital transformation, Winmate’s Panel PCs provide the reliability and innovation needed for smarter, more connected operations. View product SH Build Automation Tools by LIIS Smart home system for private, business, and public spaces. The engineering system controls your home environment with a single click or phrase, saves your favorite scenarios, and displays the status of all engineering systems, improving your home’s comfort and safety. View product See more How it works Explore Discover the best product for your need from a growing catalog of 25,000 products and categories trusted by LinkedIn professionals Learn Evaluate new tools, explore trending products in your industry and see who in your network is skilled in the product Grow Join communities of product users to learn best practices, celebrate your progress and accelerate your career LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
http://www.trello.com/standard | Make Teamwork Less Work with Trello Standard | Trello Skip to main content Features Solutions Plans Pricing Resources Explore the features that help your team succeed Inbox Capture every vital detail from emails, Slack, and more directly into your Trello Inbox. Planner Sync your calendar and allocate focused time slots to boost productivity. Automation Automate tasks and workflows with Trello. Power-Ups Power up your teams by linking their favorite tools with Trello plugins. Templates Give your team a blueprint for success with easy-to-use templates from industry leaders and the Trello community. Integrations Find the apps your team is already using or discover new ways to get work done in Trello. Meet Trello Trello makes it easy for your team to get work done. No matter the project, workflow, or type of team, Trello can help keep things organized. It’s simple – sign-up, create a board, and you’re off! Productivity awaits. Check out Trello Take a page out of these pre-built Trello playbooks designed for all teams Marketing teams Whether launching a new product, campaign, or creating content, Trello helps marketing teams succeed. Product management Use Trello’s management boards and roadmap features to simplify complex projects and processes. Engineering teams Ship more code, faster, and give your developers the freedom to be more agile with Trello. Design teams Empower your design teams by using Trello to streamline creative requests and promote more fluid cross-team collaboration. Startups From hitting revenue goals to managing workflows, small businesses thrive with Trello. Remote teams Keep your remote team connected and motivated, no matter where they’re located around the world. See all teams Our product in action Use case: Task management Track progress of tasks in one convenient place with a visual layout that adds ‘ta-da’ to your to-do’s. Use case: Resource hub Save hours when you give teams a well-designed hub to find information easily and quickly. Use case: Project management Keep projects organized, deadlines on track, and teammates aligned with Trello. See all use cases Standard For teams that need to manage more work and scale collaboration. Premium Best for teams up to 100 that need to track multiple projects and visualize work in a variety of ways. Enterprise Everything your enterprise teams and admins need to manage projects. Free plan For individuals or small teams looking to keep work organized. Take a tour of Trello Compare plans & pricing Whether you’re a team of 2 or 2,000, Trello’s flexible pricing model means you only pay for what you need. View Trello pricing Learn & connect Trello guide Our easy to follow workflow guide will take you from project set-up to Trello expert in no time. Remote work guide The complete guide to setting up your team for remote work success. Webinars Enjoy our free Trello webinars and become a productivity professional. Customer stories See how businesses have adopted Trello as a vital part of their workflow. Developers The sky's the limit in what you can deliver to Trello users in your Power-Up! Help resources Need help? Articles and FAQs to get you unstuck. Back Navigation Features Solutions Plans Pricing Resources Explore the features that help your team succeed Inbox Capture every vital detail from emails, Slack, and more directly into your Trello Inbox. Planner Sync your calendar and allocate focused time slots to boost productivity. Automation Automate tasks and workflows with Trello. Power-Ups Power up your teams by linking their favorite tools with Trello plugins. Templates Give your team a blueprint for success with easy-to-use templates from industry leaders and the Trello community. Integrations Find the apps your team is already using or discover new ways to get work done in Trello. Meet Trello Trello makes it easy for your team to get work done. No matter the project, workflow, or type of team, Trello can help keep things organized. It’s simple – sign-up, create a board, and you’re off! Productivity awaits. Check out Trello Take a page out of these pre-built Trello playbooks designed for all teams Marketing teams Whether launching a new product, campaign, or creating content, Trello helps marketing teams succeed. Product management Use Trello’s management boards and roadmap features to simplify complex projects and processes. Engineering teams Ship more code, faster, and give your developers the freedom to be more agile with Trello. Design teams Empower your design teams by using Trello to streamline creative requests and promote more fluid cross-team collaboration. Startups From hitting revenue goals to managing workflows, small businesses thrive with Trello. Remote teams Keep your remote team connected and motivated, no matter where they’re located around the world. See all teams Our product in action Read though our use cases to make the most of Trello on your team. See all use cases Standard For teams that need to manage more work and scale collaboration. Premium Best for teams up to 100 that need to track multiple projects and visualize work in a variety of ways. Enterprise Everything your enterprise teams and admins need to manage projects. Free plan For individuals or small teams looking to keep work organized. Take a tour of Trello Compare plans & pricing Whether you’re a team of 2 or 2,000, Trello’s flexible pricing model means you only pay for what you need. View Trello pricing Learn & connect Trello guide Our easy to follow workflow guide will take you from project set-up to Trello expert in no time. Remote work guide The complete guide to setting up your team for remote work success. Webinars Enjoy our free Trello webinars and become a productivity professional. Customer stories See how businesses have adopted Trello as a vital part of their workflow. Developers The sky's the limit in what you can deliver to Trello users in your Power-Up! Help resources Need help? Articles and FAQs to get you unstuck. Helping teams work better, together Discover Trello use cases, productivity tips, best practices for team collaboration, and expert remote work advice. Check out the Trello blog Trello Standard Everything you need to get more done with advanced Planner features, unlimited boards, and more automation for just $5 a month . A community of millions of teams around the world use Trello to track their daily to-dos and projects 80% of Fortune 500 use Trello to improve efficiency. Maximize productivity with Trello Standard Unlock full Planner access Drag and drop cards on a synced calendar that works with Google Calendar and Microsoft Outlook. More power at your fingertips Cross off tasks more effectively with Custom Fields and advanced checklists. More automation Run commands up to 1000 times a month: Move cards, set dates, and much more, without even lifting a finger. Unlock full Planner access Drag and drop cards on a synced calendar that works with Google Calendar and Microsoft Outlook. More power at your fingertips Cross off tasks more effectively with Custom Fields and advanced checklists. More automation Run commands up to 1000 times a month: Move cards, set dates, and much more, without even lifting a finger. With Trello Standard you’ll get everything you love in our free version, plus: Unlimited boards Custom Fields Advanced Planner Advanced checklists Join a community of millions of users globally who are using Trello to get more done. Haven't tried Trello before? Sign up for free and join a community of millions of users worldwide who are using Trello to get more done. Sign up By entering my email, I acknowledge the Atlassian Privacy Policy Log In About Trello What’s behind the boards. Jobs Learn about open roles on the Trello team. Apps Download the Trello App for your Desktop or Mobile devices. Contact us Need anything? Get in touch and we can help. Čeština Deutsch English Español Français Italiano Magyar Nederlands Norsk (bokmål) Polski Português (Brasil) Suomi Svenska Tiếng Việt Türkçe Русский Українська ภาษาไทย 中文 (简体) 中文 (繁體) 日本語 Notice at Collection Privacy Policy Terms Copyright © 2024 Atlassian | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/cloudflare-ddos-protection/?trk=products_seo_search | Cloudflare DDoS Protection | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Cloudflare in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Cloudflare DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software by Cloudflare See who's skilled in this Add as skill Get started Report this product About Comprehensive DDoS Protection Built for anything connected to the Internet Cloudflare DDoS protection secures websites, applications, and entire networks while ensuring the performance of legitimate traffic is not compromised. Cloudflare’s 51 Tbps network blocks an average of 72 billion threats per day, including some of the largest DDoS attacks in history. Media Products media viewer No more previous content DDoS Protection, WAF, CDN and more from Cloudflare Built for anything connected to the Internet Cloudflare offers three DDoS protection solutions designed to protect everything on your cloud and on-premise networks. How Cloudflare protects network infrastructure from DDoS attacks Cloudflare Magic Transit uses our entire anycast network, which spans hundreds of global cities, to detect and mitigate DDoS attacks at the network edge. What Is A DDoS Attack? DDoS attacks represent one of the greatest threats to websites and services. No more next content Featured customers of Cloudflare DDoS Protection Chrono24 Retail Luxury Goods and Jewelry 15,639 followers Upwork Software Development 3,294,409 followers Carousell Group Software Development 129,533 followers Hemnet Real Estate 12,582 followers Trendyol Group Technology, Information and Internet 536,123 followers BookMyShow Entertainment Providers 125,692 followers 早稲田大学 WASEDA University Higher Education 112,057 followers Axios Internet News 75,402 followers Wongnai.com Information Services 5,546 followers Show more Show less Similar products Cloudflare Spectrum Cloudflare Spectrum DDoS Protection Software Akamai Prolexic Routed Akamai Prolexic Routed DDoS Protection Software OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Kona DDoS Defender Kona DDoS Defender DDoS Protection Software Kaspersky DDoS Protection Kaspersky DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Cloudflare products Argo Smart Routing Argo Smart Routing Network Management Software Cloudflare DNS Cloudflare DNS Managed DNS Services Software Cloudflare Load Balancing Cloudflare Load Balancing Load Balancing Software Cloudflare Registrar Cloudflare Registrar Managed DNS Services Software Cloudflare Spectrum Cloudflare Spectrum DDoS Protection Software Cloudflare SSL / TLS Cloudflare SSL / TLS SSL Certificates Software Cloudflare WAF Cloudflare WAF Web Application Firewalls (WAF) Cloudflare Web Analytics Cloudflare Web Analytics Digital Analytics Software Cloudflare Workers Cloudflare Workers Server Virtualization Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/aha-labs-inc--aha-teamwork/ | Aha! Teamwork | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Aha! in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Aha! Teamwork Project Management Software by Aha! See who's skilled in this Add as skill Try now Report this product About Aha! Teamwork is the flexible project management tool – choose how you work, complete all tasks, and stay aligned with strategic plans. This product is intended for Project Manager Media Products media viewer No more previous content Aha! Teamwork - Prioritize what matters Align on what needs to get done and when. View strategic work alongside the team's other activities to see everything in one view. Aha! Teamwork - Create a delivery plan Identify what needs to happen, and when. Map out all of your work on a visual timeline to sequence activities effectively and keep deadlines in sight. Aha! Teamwork - Enhance team productivity Track tasks from start to finish. See the status of everything in flight with one view and work collaboratively to keep work moving through your process. Aha! Teamwork - Complete successful projects Monitor progress, spot stalled work, and resolve challenges quickly. Powerful reports provide the insights you need to mitigate risk and meet project goals. No more next content Similar products Jira Jira Project Management Software Trello Trello Project Management Software GitHub Issues GitHub Issues Project Management Software Notion Notion Knowledge Management Software Zoho Projects Zoho Projects Project Management Software Asana Asana Project Management Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Aha! products Aha! Academy Aha! Academy Product Management Software Aha! Develop Aha! Develop DevOps Software Aha! Discovery Aha! Discovery Product Management Software Aha! Ideas Aha! Ideas Idea Management Software Aha! Knowledge Aha! Knowledge Knowledge Management Software Aha! Roadmaps Aha! Roadmaps Strategic Planning Software Aha! Whiteboards Aha! Whiteboards Whiteboard Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/posts/efficientfrontier_theres-been-a-lot-of-discussion-around-maduro-activity-7414379135856304130-26yI | Bitcoin's muted reaction to Maduro news, oil prices, and geopolitics | Efficient Frontier posted on the topic | LinkedIn Agree & Join LinkedIn By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . Skip to main content LinkedIn Top Content People Learning Jobs Games Sign in Join now for free Bitcoin's muted reaction to Maduro news, oil prices, and geopolitics This title was summarized by AI from the post below. Efficient Frontier 2,473 followers 6d Report this post There’s been a lot of discussion around Maduro and why Bitcoin didn't really react in the first 2 days, climbing a mere 1% in the first 36 hours. That is, basically flat. At the same time oil prices had drifted lower on expectations of increased supply and US energy stocks have moved higher That can feel confusing, especially given Bitcoin trades 24/7/365 and this occurred after trading hours. But compare this to moments like Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 or Iran’s initial drone strike on Israel in April 2024. Both events began outside trading hours, both were tectonic shifts to the region. Bitcoin sold off immediately for both down 7+%. This occurred well before traditional markets opened, and took some time to recover. The takeaway isn’t that Bitcoin ignores geopolitics. It’s that markets respond to surprise and forced positioning, not headlines alone. This distinction is central to how we think about liquidity at Efficient Frontier. Designing strategies that hold up during shocks, but also during long periods where ‘nothing’ happens and ensure we are actively deploying capital to maximise ROI. View C2PA information 6 Like Comment Share Copy LinkedIn Facebook X To view or add a comment, sign in More Relevant Posts The Token Press 6 followers 1w Report this post Bitcoin appears unlikely to suffer a major correction following the US strike on Venezuela, with analysts citing the event’s limited scope and lack of escalation risk. BTC’s ability to hold above $90,000 suggests growing resilience to geopolitical noise, as markets focus more on macro fundamentals than isolated conflicts. View C2PA information Like Comment Share Copy LinkedIn Facebook X To view or add a comment, sign in BitRss Crypto News 35 followers 5d Report this post Yen Carry Trade Risk Edges Toward Bitcoin as Investors Underprice Japan’s Bond Market Shock Japan’s bond market is undergoing one of its most dramatic repricing events in modern history. The implications may extend far beyond domestic fixed income, potentially spilling into global risk assets, including Bitcoin. Liquidity Tightening Raises Pressure on the Yen... https://btcn.it/sgJCp Like Comment Share Copy LinkedIn Facebook X To view or add a comment, sign in Nguyễn Vũ Hiệp 3w Report this post Read more at: https://lnkd.in/g7ckE8dm 🚨 BANK OF JAPAN INTEREST RATE DECISION COMING TOMORROW The market is currently pricing in a 98.4% probability that the BOJ will raise interest rates by 25 basis points (bps) — a move that could trigger short-term volatility across global financial markets, including Bitcoin. 📉 Looking Back: What Happened When BOJ Raised Rates? Historical data shows that each time the BOJ tightened monetary policy, Bitcoin experienced notable short-term downside: ➡️ July 31, 2024 BOJ raised rates to 0.25% 👉 Bitcoin dropped 26% in just 8 days ➡️ January 24, 2025 BOJ increased rates to 0.50% 👉 Bitcoin fell 25% over 20 days ➡️ Now BOJ is expected to raise rates to 0.75% — the highest level since 1995 ⚠️ Possible Scenario If history rhymes, markets could see a short-term pullback around the announcement. A stronger yen, shifting global capital flows, and a risk-off environment may temporarily weigh on Bitcoin. 📈 But That’s Not the Full Story The key takeaway: every BOJ-driven Bitcoin sell-off in the past was followed by a strong recovery — and eventually a new all-time high (ATH). On the long-term chart, BOJ-related BTC dumps have consistently acted as: A shakeout of weak leverage An accumulation opportunity for long-term investors A launchpad for the next expansion phase 🧠 Conclusion Tomorrow’s BOJ rate decision may introduce short-term noise, but for those viewing Bitcoin through a cycle-based, long-term lens, history suggests: 👉 Volatility is not the risk — it’s part of the path to new highs. #Bitcoin #BOJ #Macro #InterestRates #MarketCycles #ATH Like Comment Share Copy LinkedIn Facebook X To view or add a comment, sign in Ranjith Mp 3w Report this post Japan likely to Crush Bitcoin in 2 days.On December 19th BOJ is widely expected to raise interest rates.Potentially to 0.75% the highest in Decades. 1 Like Comment Share Copy LinkedIn Facebook X To view or add a comment, sign in The Token Press 6 followers 4w Report this post Bitcoin briefly slipped below $88,000 amid weekend selling pressure, prompting renewed market caution. Michael Saylor hinted that Strategy may buy more BTC during the dip, even as analysts debate whether Japan’s looming rate decision poses further downside risk. View C2PA information Like Comment Share Copy LinkedIn Facebook X To view or add a comment, sign in Bryan Downing 4w Report this post The Bank of Japan's policy shift has implications for Bitcoin, despite its uncorrelated narrative. As a global outlier with ultra-loose policies, any hawkish turn impacts Japanese yields and the yen, affecting global carry trades. De-leveraging and reduced liquidity can trigger risk asset sell-offs, with Bitcoin being particularly vulnerable. A hawkish Bank of Japan policy could catalyze a drop below $70K, especially given fragile positioning and tightened cross-asset correlations during stress. It’s crucial to watch for exact guidance on future hikes and inflation outlook. #Bitcoin #BOJ #MacroAnalysis #GlobalFinance #RiskAssets …more Like Comment Share Copy LinkedIn Facebook X To view or add a comment, sign in Kernan Systems 10 followers 4w Report this post 🔴 The Bank of Japan (BoJ) is expecting an interest rate increase of approximately 25 basis points (bps) which may result in a tremendous price fall for Cryptocurrencies 🔴 🔹 The BoJ is facing a possible interest rate hike at its December 18th and 19th policy meeting, which is a central Marco event that could significantly affect Bitcoin , Ethereum , and many other cryptocurrencies. The BoJ's monetary tightening has been rare and impactful because Japan has had extremely loose policies for year, which have influenced global liquidity conditions. 🔹 Past BoJ rate spikes have correlated with Bitcoin drawdowns of approximately 20-30%, suggesting the next rate hike could result in Bitcoin testing around $70,000. 🔹 While the US Federal Reserve has cut rates, Japan is tightening, a setup that some view as particularly risky for carry trades and speculative flows into the crypto market. Pros: 🔹 Macro events like rate decisions can create traceable volatility. 🔹 Historical patterns suggest defined downside scenarios to risk-manage around. Cons: 🔹 The connection between BoJ policy and Bitcoin is macro correlation, not a direct casual mechanism. 🔹 Markets may have priced most of the risk, so moves could be muted or reversed. 🔹 Heavy reliance on macro catalysts can distract from crypto-specific demand drivers. Like Comment Share Copy LinkedIn Facebook X To view or add a comment, sign in Reham Elgarib 1w Report this post Bitcoin's price rose to $92,000 today amid focus on the fallout from the Venezuela crisis, following a broader rally in technology stocks, although gains were limited. The overall figure was limited due to caution regarding the repercussions of a US attack against Venezuela. 7 Like Comment Share Copy LinkedIn Facebook X To view or add a comment, sign in Quant|Labs.net 140 followers 4w Report this post The Bank of Japan's policy shift matters to Bitcoin. As a global outlier with ultra-loose policies, any hawkish turn—raising interest rates—can strengthen the yen and impact global markets. Global carry trades, which borrow in low-yield currencies to buy risk assets, unwind when this happens. Bitcoin, despite its uncorrelated narrative, is still vulnerable due to its high duration as a risk asset. Even with a high probability of a hike, the impact can be significant, especially if future guidance, balance sheet policy, and inflation outlook trigger forced moves. Macro analysis warns of potential drops below $70K in a hawkish scenario. #Bitcoin #BOJ #MacroEconomics #Crypto #Finance …more Like Comment Share Copy LinkedIn Facebook X To view or add a comment, sign in Trireme 5,706 followers 1w Report this post Bitcoin is trading at a local premium near $93K in Venezuela! This reflects strong regional demand driven by currency instability and capital controls, not a global spot price move. Local premiums continue to show how Bitcoin functions as a financial escape valve in high-inflation economies. 1 Like Comment Share Copy LinkedIn Facebook X To view or add a comment, sign in 2,473 followers View Profile Follow Explore content categories Career Productivity Finance Soft Skills & Emotional Intelligence Project Management Education Technology Leadership Ecommerce User Experience Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines العربية (Arabic) বাংলা (Bangla) Čeština (Czech) Dansk (Danish) Deutsch (German) Ελληνικά (Greek) English (English) Español (Spanish) فارسی (Persian) Suomi (Finnish) Français (French) हिंदी (Hindi) Magyar (Hungarian) Bahasa Indonesia (Indonesian) Italiano (Italian) עברית (Hebrew) 日本語 (Japanese) 한국어 (Korean) मराठी (Marathi) Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) Nederlands (Dutch) Norsk (Norwegian) ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (Punjabi) Polski (Polish) Português (Portuguese) Română (Romanian) Русский (Russian) Svenska (Swedish) తెలుగు (Telugu) ภาษาไทย (Thai) Tagalog (Tagalog) Türkçe (Turkish) Українська (Ukrainian) Tiếng Việt (Vietnamese) 简体中文 (Chinese (Simplified)) 正體中文 (Chinese (Traditional)) Language Sign in to view more content Create your free account or sign in to continue your search Sign in Welcome back Email or phone Password Show Forgot password? 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https://www.linkedin.com/products/aha-labs-inc--aha-discovery/ | Aha! Discovery | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Aha! in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Aha! Discovery Product Management Software by Aha! See who's skilled in this Add as skill Get started Report this product About Aha! Discovery is the new way to manage customer interviews — centralize meeting transcripts, uncover key product insights, and link them to your roadmap. This product is intended for Product Manager User Experience Researcher User Experience Designer Media Products media viewer No more previous content Aha! Discovery - Analyze customer interviews Review transcripts with AI. Quickly derive valuable learnings, quotes, and new ideas from customer interviews to inform your product discovery efforts. Aha! Discovery - Validate plans with customer feedback Turn insights into action. Create a customer-informed roadmap through productive conversations with your users. Aha! Discovery - Learn from your customers Manage user interviews. Capture the voice of the customer the old-fashioned way — talk to them to understand their challenges and uncover key insights. Aha! Discovery - Centralize customer research Organize your product discovery work. Manage all types of research — from initiative validation to feature feedback prioritization and usability testing — in one place. No more next content Similar products Productboard Productboard Product Management Software Aha! Academy Aha! Academy Product Management Software Product Portfolio Management Product Portfolio Management Product Management Software Producer Producer Product Management Software Dovetail Dovetail Product Management Software Interim Product Managers Interim Product Managers Product Management Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Aha! products Aha! Academy Aha! Academy Product Management Software Aha! Develop Aha! Develop DevOps Software Aha! Ideas Aha! Ideas Idea Management Software Aha! Knowledge Aha! Knowledge Knowledge Management Software Aha! Roadmaps Aha! Roadmaps Strategic Planning Software Aha! Teamwork Aha! Teamwork Project Management Software Aha! Whiteboards Aha! Whiteboards Whiteboard Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
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https://git-scm.com/book/pt-br/v2/Git-no-servidor-Smart-HTTP | Git - Smart HTTP About Trademark Learn Book Cheat Sheet Videos External Links Tools Command Line GUIs Hosting Reference Install Community This book is available in English . Full translation available in azərbaycan dili , български език , Deutsch , Español , فارسی , Français , Ελληνικά , 日本語 , 한국어 , Nederlands , Русский , Slovenščina , Tagalog , Українська , 简体中文 , Partial translations available in Čeština , Македонски , Polski , Српски , Ўзбекча , 繁體中文 , Translations started for Беларуская , Indonesian , Italiano , Bahasa Melayu , Português (Brasil) , Português (Portugal) , Svenska , Türkçe . The source of this book is hosted on GitHub. Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. Chapters ▾ 1. Começando 1.1 Sobre Controle de Versão 1.2 Uma Breve História do Git 1.3 O Básico do Git 1.4 A Linha de Comando 1.5 Instalando o Git 1.6 Configuração Inicial do Git 1.7 Pedindo Ajuda 1.8 Sumário 2. Fundamentos de Git 2.1 Obtendo um Repositório Git 2.2 Gravando Alterações em Seu Repositório 2.3 Vendo o histórico de Commits 2.4 Desfazendo coisas 2.5 Trabalhando de Forma Remota 2.6 Criando Tags 2.7 Apelidos Git 2.8 Sumário 3. Branches no Git 3.1 Branches em poucas palavras 3.2 O básico de Ramificação (Branch) e Mesclagem (Merge) 3.3 Gestão de Branches 3.4 Fluxo de Branches 3.5 Branches remotos 3.6 Rebase 3.7 Sumário 4. Git no servidor 4.1 Os Protocolos 4.2 Getting Git on a Server 4.3 Gerando Sua Chave Pública SSH 4.4 Setting Up the Server 4.5 Git Daemon 4.6 Smart HTTP 4.7 GitWeb 4.8 GitLab 4.9 Third Party Hosted Options 4.10 Sumário 5. Distributed Git 5.1 Fluxos de Trabalho Distribuídos 5.2 Contribuindo com um Projeto 5.3 Maintaining a Project 5.4 Summary 6. GitHub 6.1 Configurando uma conta 6.2 Contribuindo em um projeto 6.3 Maintaining a Project 6.4 Managing an organization 6.5 Scripting GitHub 6.6 Summary 7. Git Tools 7.1 Revision Selection 7.2 Interactive Staging 7.3 Stashing and Cleaning 7.4 Signing Your Work 7.5 Searching 7.6 Rewriting History 7.7 Reset Demystified 7.8 Advanced Merging 7.9 Rerere 7.10 Debugging with Git 7.11 Submodules 7.12 Bundling 7.13 Replace 7.14 Credential Storage 7.15 Summary 8. Customizing Git 8.1 Git Configuration 8.2 Git Attributes 8.3 Git Hooks 8.4 An Example Git-Enforced Policy 8.5 Summary 9. Git and Other Systems 9.1 Git as a Client 9.2 Migrating to Git 9.3 Summary 10. Funcionamento Interno do Git 10.1 Encanamento e Porcelana 10.2 Objetos do Git 10.3 Referências do Git 10.4 Packfiles 10.5 The Refspec 10.6 Transfer Protocols 10.7 Maintenance and Data Recovery 10.8 Variáveis de ambiente 10.9 Sumário A1. Appendix A: Git em Outros Ambientes A1.1 Graphical Interfaces A1.2 Git in Visual Studio A1.3 Git in Eclipse A1.4 Git in Bash A1.5 Git in Zsh A1.6 Git in Powershell A1.7 Resumo A2. Appendix B: Embedding Git in your Applications A2.1 Command-line Git A2.2 Libgit2 A2.3 JGit A3. Appendix C: Git Commands A3.1 Setup and Config A3.2 Getting and Creating Projects A3.3 Basic Snapshotting A3.4 Branching and Merging A3.5 Sharing and Updating Projects A3.6 Inspection and Comparison A3.7 Debugging A3.8 Patching A3.9 Email A3.10 External Systems A3.11 Administration A3.12 Plumbing Commands 2nd Edition 4.6 Git no servidor - Smart HTTP Smart HTTP We now have authenticated access through SSH and unauthenticated access through git:// , but there is also a protocol that can do both at the same time. Setting up Smart HTTP is basically just enabling a CGI script that is provided with Git called git-http-backend on the server. This CGI will read the path and headers sent by a git fetch or git push to an HTTP URL and determine if the client can communicate over HTTP (which is true for any client since version 1.6.6). If the CGI sees that the client is smart, it will communicate smartly with it, otherwise it will fall back to the dumb behavior (so it is backward compatible for reads with older clients). Let’s walk through a very basic setup. We’ll set this up with Apache as the CGI server. If you don’t have Apache setup, you can do so on a Linux box with something like this: $ sudo apt-get install apache2 apache2-utils $ a2enmod cgi alias env rewrite This also enables the mod_cgi , mod_alias , mod_env , and mod_rewrite modules, which are all needed for this to work properly. You’ll also need to set the Unix user group of the /srv/git directories to www-data so your web server can read- and write-access the repositories, because the Apache instance running the CGI script will (by default) be running as that user: $ chgrp -R www-data /srv/git Next we need to add some things to the Apache configuration to run the git-http-backend as the handler for anything coming into the /git path of your web server. SetEnv GIT_PROJECT_ROOT /srv/git SetEnv GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL ScriptAlias /git/ /usr/lib/git-core/git-http-backend/ If you leave out GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL environment variable, then Git will only serve to unauthenticated clients the repositories with the git-daemon-export-ok file in them, just like the Git daemon did. Finally you’ll want to tell Apache to allow requests to git-http-backend and make writes be authenticated somehow, possibly with an Auth block like this: RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} service=git-receive-pack [OR] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} /git-receive-pack$ RewriteRule ^/git/ - [E=AUTHREQUIRED] <Files "git-http-backend"> AuthType Basic AuthName "Git Access" AuthUserFile /srv/git/.htpasswd Require valid-user Order deny,allow Deny from env=AUTHREQUIRED Satisfy any </Files> That will require you to create a .htpasswd file containing the passwords of all the valid users. Here is an example of adding a “schacon” user to the file: $ htpasswd -c /srv/git/.htpasswd schacon There are tons of ways to have Apache authenticate users, you’ll have to choose and implement one of them. This is just the simplest example we could come up with. You’ll also almost certainly want to set this up over SSL so all this data is encrypted. We don’t want to go too far down the rabbit hole of Apache configuration specifics, since you could well be using a different server or have different authentication needs. The idea is that Git comes with a CGI called git-http-backend that when invoked will do all the negotiation to send and receive data over HTTP. It does not implement any authentication itself, but that can easily be controlled at the layer of the web server that invokes it. You can do this with nearly any CGI-capable web server, so go with the one that you know best. Note For more information on configuring authentication in Apache, check out the Apache docs here: http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/howto/auth.html prev | next About this site Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. Git is a member of Software Freedom Conservancy | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
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Meet Trello Trello makes it easy for your team to get work done. No matter the project, workflow, or type of team, Trello can help keep things organized. It’s simple – sign-up, create a board, and you’re off! Productivity awaits. Check out Trello Take a page out of these pre-built Trello playbooks designed for all teams Marketing teams Whether launching a new product, campaign, or creating content, Trello helps marketing teams succeed. Product management Use Trello’s management boards and roadmap features to simplify complex projects and processes. Engineering teams Ship more code, faster, and give your developers the freedom to be more agile with Trello. Design teams Empower your design teams by using Trello to streamline creative requests and promote more fluid cross-team collaboration. Startups From hitting revenue goals to managing workflows, small businesses thrive with Trello. 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https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bitazza.freedom.wallet&hl=am | Freedom World - Apps on Google Play Games Apps Books Kids google_logo Play Games Apps Books Kids none search help_outline Sign in with Google play_apps Library & devices payment Payments & subscriptions reviews My Play activity redeem Offers Play Pass Personalization in Play settings Settings Privacy Policy • Terms of Service Games Apps Books Kids Freedom World Bitazza Company Limited 100K+ Downloads Rated for 3+ info Install Share Add to wishlist About this app arrow_forward Freedom World – Chat, Make Friends, Earn Points, and Redeem Real Rewards! Freedom World is an all-in-one community platform that lets you chat, connect, and make new friends easily through a user-friendly chat app. Enjoy a variety of fun missions to collect “Freedom Shards” and redeem them for real rewards – no extra cost. The more you engage, the more you get! One app, endless fun – community, games, and rewards in one place! Whether you're looking to chat, find friends with similar interests, or enjoy rewarding activities, Freedom World is the app for you! Join interest-based communities – finance, gaming, lifestyle, restaurants, top shops, and more – and easily connect and chat with new people through our smooth chat and social feed features. Plus, enjoy live streaming to keep up with real-time content and entertainment. Complete fun missions to collect Freedom Shards and exchange them for exclusive prizes – from in-app rewards to gift cards and real products. Every shard you earn has real value! 🎮 Battle on with “The Scape” – our strategy card game Fight, train your tactics, and collect shards to redeem rewards. Complete daily missions and start earning right away! 💡 Why choose Freedom World? ■ Make new friends – chat, play, and connect based on shared interests ■ Smooth, user-friendly chat and messaging system ■ Join communities that match your interests – from gaming and finance to lifestyle ■ Enjoy live streaming – stay updated with knowledge or entertainment in real time ■ Collect Freedom Shards and redeem real rewards – no hidden costs ■ Join branded missions and campaigns – the more you join, the more you earn 🎁 What kind of rewards can you get? Use the points you collect from chatting, playing games, or engaging with communities to redeem: ■ Gift cards from leading stores ■ Limited edition items ■ Discount codes ■ Everyday essentials ■ And many more rewards, updated regularly! Whether you're here to make friends, chat, share stories, or earn and redeem points – Freedom World has everything you need to have fun every day. Download now and start your shard-earning journey today! Updated on Nov 20, 2025 Social Data safety arrow_forward Safety starts with understanding how developers collect and share your data. Data privacy and security practices may vary based on your use, region, and age. The developer provided this information and may update it over time. No data shared with third parties Learn more about how developers declare sharing This app may collect these data types Personal info, Financial info, and App info and performance Data is encrypted in transit You can request that data be deleted See details What’s new Bug fixes and Improvements flag Flag as inappropriate App support expand_more public Website email Support email support@freedom.world shield Privacy Policy About the developer BITAZZA COMPANY LIMITED hamidreza.momeni@bitazza.com 2922/280 New Phetchaburi Road 24 Floor HUAI KHWANG 10310 Thailand +49 1590 1400651 Similar apps arrow_forward TCG Card Value Scanner - Shiny Shiny Cardboard LLC Ronin Wallet Sky Mavis Pte. Ltd. 4.0 star Wombat - Powered by PlayMind PlayMind 5.0 star Ledger Wallet™ crypto app Ledger 4.7 star Tykr: Confident Investing Tykr LLC Seeking Alpha: News & Analysis SeekingAlpha 4.6 star flag Flag as inappropriate Google Play Play Pass Play Points Gift cards Redeem Refund policy Kids & family Parent Guide Family sharing Terms of Service Privacy About Google Play Developers Google Store All prices include VAT. South Korea (English) 상호명: Google LLC. | 대표자: Sundar Pichai | 주소: 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States | 고객센터: 080-085-1500 (무료) / gpk-usersupport@google.com | 호스팅 서비스 제공: Google LLC. | 사업자정보 Google Play에 등록된 앱과 게임은 각 개발자가 제공하고 판매하는 것이며, Google LLC가 개발자로 표시된 앱과 게임 이외에 Play에 등록된 상품 | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/categories/robotic-process-automation-software | Best Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Software | Products | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Clear text Used by Used by Chief Information Officer (16) Chief Financial Officer (14) Chief Operating Officer (13) Information Technology Manager (12) Chief Technology Officer (10) See all products Find top products in Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Software category Software used to automate workflows and routine tasks using defined rules within third-party software applications. - Develop a set of rules and algorithms, or build workflows using drag-and-drop systems - Make use of AI and machine learning to improve bot decision-making - Use a central platform to control, monitor and analyze bot performance 346 results Zoho RPA Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Software by Zoho Zoho RPA is a robotic process automation software that automates high-volume, repetitive tasks, connecting cloud and legacy systems to maximize productivity. It comes with a built-in recorder which records and replicates your UI actions across diverse systems. View product Robotic Process Automation Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Software by IGT Solutions IGT has successfully combined its experience of running Digital Contact Centers for multiple large companies along with its technology team to deliver a differentiated customer experience by implementing automation solutions like Chatbots and RPAs. IGT is equipped with the right tools, partners, procedures, frameworks, and experts who have experience in solving business problems thus not only bringing operational efficiencies but also enhancing end user experience. View product Agentic Process Automation System Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Software by Automation Anywhere When everyone wants to run faster, it’s time to soar. Break the invisible barriers between systems, apps, and data. Meet the agentic automation platform that makes quick work of your most complex processes. View product SS&C Blue Prism Intelligent Automation Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Software by SS&C Blue Prism SS&C Blue Prism provides a powerful combination of market-leading technologies that help you realize the full potential of intelligent automation to deliver transformational business value. Scalable and secure, our platform provides you with all you need to automate your business, whether you are starting small or completely transforming your entire operations. We achieve this by: • Unifying the workforce, seamlessly connecting people and digital co-workers to ensure you have the resources needed for the best business outcome • Transforming journeys by connecting and enabling work at every level of the business for better customer, employee and user experiences • Enabling companies to scale from tactical to enterprise-wide by providing complete visibility, orchestration, and governance across the entire organization. Our continued effort to drive ROI and help people thrive is why we’re trusted thousands of global customers. Join us to be a part of the future of work, today. View product TruBot Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Software by Datamatics ENHANCE YOUR ENTERPRISE’S PRODUCTIVITY WITH AI AND GENAI POWERED RPA SOLUTION Our TruBot RPA (robotic processing automation) solution powered with AI and GenAI automates workflows with high accuracy and minimal human intervention, freeing up resources from repetitive tasks. Our user-friendly interface gives businesses complete control over their RPA program, allowing for quick deployment and actionable insights. View product Find products trusted by professionals in your network See which products are used by connections in your network and those that share similar job titles Sign in to view full insights Hyland RPA Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Software by Hyland Hyland RPA is a comprehensive RPA suite with everything your organization needs to reach the full potential of RPA technology – from process analysis to bot management. View product AssistEdge RPA Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Software by EdgeVerve AssistEdge is an enterprise-grade automation platform that spans across the automation continuum from deterministic through intelligent to human-empowered automation. It enables enterprises to implement RPA at scale to deliver unprecedented business outcomes. EdgeVerve. Possibilities Unlimited. View product Automation Solutions Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Software by Körber Supply Chain With Körber's Pallet Handling Automated Solutions you can: - Handle more goods in less time. - Reduce the need for labor and time spent on labour management or use your existing labor more efficiently increasing throughput, safety and speed. - Reduce repetitive work and bad ergonomic positions to improve health and safety for your employees. But also.. - Optimize usage of your storage space. - Store and move products efficiently. - Monitor and control quality of your goods and decrease product damage. - Future-proof your operations using state-of-the art technologies. View product Brity Automation Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Software by Samsung SDS Samsung SDS Brity Automation is AI-powered business automation technology. Utilize our AI-based automation suite to revolutionize the way repetitive tasks and complex business processes are handled. . Brity BPA : AI workflow automation solution . Brity RPA : Robotic desktop automation solution . Brity Cognitive : Cognitive AI solution for business processs automation . Brity Assistant : AI chatbot builder for businesses Transform the way you work with Samsung SDS Brity Automation. View product RPA Çözümleri Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Software by İnnova Bilişim İnnova'nın sunduğu Robotik Süreç Otomasyonu çözümleri ile çok fazla zamanın alan, insan müdahalesi gerektiren, rutin süreçleri robotlara aktarabilir, kaynak ve zaman tasarrufu sağlanır. View product See more How it works Explore Discover the best product for your need from a growing catalog of 25,000 products and categories trusted by LinkedIn professionals Learn Evaluate new tools, explore trending products in your industry and see who in your network is skilled in the product Grow Join communities of product users to learn best practices, celebrate your progress and accelerate your career LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bitazza.freedom.wallet&hl=be | Freedom World - Apps on Google Play Games Apps Books Kids google_logo Play Games Apps Books Kids none search help_outline Sign in with Google play_apps Library & devices payment Payments & subscriptions reviews My Play activity redeem Offers Play Pass Personalization in Play settings Settings Privacy Policy • Terms of Service Games Apps Books Kids Freedom World Bitazza Company Limited 100K+ Downloads Rated for 3+ info Install Share Add to wishlist About this app arrow_forward Freedom World – Chat, Make Friends, Earn Points, and Redeem Real Rewards! Freedom World is an all-in-one community platform that lets you chat, connect, and make new friends easily through a user-friendly chat app. Enjoy a variety of fun missions to collect “Freedom Shards” and redeem them for real rewards – no extra cost. The more you engage, the more you get! One app, endless fun – community, games, and rewards in one place! Whether you're looking to chat, find friends with similar interests, or enjoy rewarding activities, Freedom World is the app for you! Join interest-based communities – finance, gaming, lifestyle, restaurants, top shops, and more – and easily connect and chat with new people through our smooth chat and social feed features. Plus, enjoy live streaming to keep up with real-time content and entertainment. Complete fun missions to collect Freedom Shards and exchange them for exclusive prizes – from in-app rewards to gift cards and real products. Every shard you earn has real value! 🎮 Battle on with “The Scape” – our strategy card game Fight, train your tactics, and collect shards to redeem rewards. Complete daily missions and start earning right away! 💡 Why choose Freedom World? ■ Make new friends – chat, play, and connect based on shared interests ■ Smooth, user-friendly chat and messaging system ■ Join communities that match your interests – from gaming and finance to lifestyle ■ Enjoy live streaming – stay updated with knowledge or entertainment in real time ■ Collect Freedom Shards and redeem real rewards – no hidden costs ■ Join branded missions and campaigns – the more you join, the more you earn 🎁 What kind of rewards can you get? Use the points you collect from chatting, playing games, or engaging with communities to redeem: ■ Gift cards from leading stores ■ Limited edition items ■ Discount codes ■ Everyday essentials ■ And many more rewards, updated regularly! Whether you're here to make friends, chat, share stories, or earn and redeem points – Freedom World has everything you need to have fun every day. Download now and start your shard-earning journey today! Updated on Nov 20, 2025 Social Data safety arrow_forward Safety starts with understanding how developers collect and share your data. Data privacy and security practices may vary based on your use, region, and age. The developer provided this information and may update it over time. No data shared with third parties Learn more about how developers declare sharing This app may collect these data types Personal info, Financial info, and App info and performance Data is encrypted in transit You can request that data be deleted See details What’s new Bug fixes and Improvements flag Flag as inappropriate App support expand_more public Website email Support email support@freedom.world shield Privacy Policy About the developer BITAZZA COMPANY LIMITED hamidreza.momeni@bitazza.com 2922/280 New Phetchaburi Road 24 Floor HUAI KHWANG 10310 Thailand +49 1590 1400651 Similar apps arrow_forward TCG Card Value Scanner - Shiny Shiny Cardboard LLC Ronin Wallet Sky Mavis Pte. Ltd. 4.0 star Wombat - Powered by PlayMind PlayMind 5.0 star Ledger Wallet™ crypto app Ledger 4.7 star Tykr: Confident Investing Tykr LLC Seeking Alpha: News & Analysis SeekingAlpha 4.6 star flag Flag as inappropriate Google Play Play Pass Play Points Gift cards Redeem Refund policy Kids & family Parent Guide Family sharing Terms of Service Privacy About Google Play Developers Google Store All prices include VAT. South Korea (English) 상호명: Google LLC. | 대표자: Sundar Pichai | 주소: 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States | 고객센터: 080-085-1500 (무료) / gpk-usersupport@google.com | 호스팅 서비스 제공: Google LLC. | 사업자정보 Google Play에 등록된 앱과 게임은 각 개발자가 제공하고 판매하는 것이며, Google LLC가 개발자로 표시된 앱과 게임 이외에 Pl | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=wuBaolYAAAAJ&hl=en | Luca Melis - Google 학술 검색 로드 중... 현재 시스템이 작동되지 않습니다. 나중에 다시 시도해 주세요. 연간 인용횟수 중복된 서지정보 다음 학술 문서는 학술검색에서 병합되어 있습니다. 총 인용 횟수가 첫 번째 학술 문서에 대해서만 계산됩니다. 병합된 서지정보 이 '인용' 횟수는 학술검색의 다음 학술 문서에 대한 인용문을 포함합니다. * 표시된 인용문은 프로필에 있는 학술 문서와 다를 수 있습니다. 공동 저자 추가 공동 저자 팔로우 이 저자의 새 학술자료 이 저자를 인용한 새 학술자료 이 저자의 연구와 관련된 새 학술자료 업데이트를 받을 이메일 주소 완료 죄송합니다. 현재 Internet Explorer 버전에서는 일부 기능이 작동하지 않을 수 있습니다. 최적의 상태로 사용하려면 Chrome 또는 Mozilla Firefox 를 사용해 주세요. 내 프로필 내 서재 통계 알리미 설정 로그인 로그인 내 프로필 만들기 인용 모두 보기 전체 2021년 이후 서지정보 4347 3708 h-index 15 14 i10-index 17 16 0 900 450 225 675 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 20 33 56 163 339 534 680 746 882 858 8 공개 액세스 모두 보기 모두 보기 자료 5개 자료 0개 공개 비공개 재정 지원 요구사항 기준 공동 저자 Emiliano De Cristofaro Professor at University of California, Riverside ucr.edu의 이메일 확인됨 George Danezis Mysten Labs & University College London ucl.ac.uk의 이메일 확인됨 Congzheng Song Apple Inc. apple.com의 이메일 확인됨 Vitaly Shmatikov Cornell Tech cs.cornell.edu의 이메일 확인됨 Hassan Jameel Asghar Macquarie University mq.edu.au의 이메일 확인됨 Claude Castelluccia Research Director, Inria inria.fr의 이메일 확인됨 Gergely Acs Research Engineer, INRIA inria.fr의 이메일 확인됨 팔로우 Luca Melis Research Scientist fb.com의 이메일 확인됨 - 홈페이지 Privacy Enhancing Technologies Privacy Preserving Machine Learning Cloud Security Tarapia Tapioco 학술자료 인용 공개 액세스 공동 저자 제목 정렬 서지정보순 정렬 연도순 정렬 제목순 정렬 인용 인용 연도 Exploiting unintended feature leakage in collaborative learning L Melis, C Song, E De Cristofaro, V Shmatikov 2019 IEEE symposium on security and privacy (SP), 691-706 , 2019 2450 2019 Logan: Membership inference attacks against generative models J Hayes, L Melis, G Danezis, E De Cristofaro arXiv preprint arXiv:1705.07663 , 2017 1024 * 2017 Differentially private mixture of generative neural networks G Acs, L Melis, C Castelluccia, E De Cristofaro IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 31 (6), 1109-1121 , 2018 196 2018 Efficient private statistics with succinct sketches L Melis, G Danezis, E De Cristofaro NDSS 2016 , 2015 179 2015 Differentially private query release through adaptive projection S Aydore, W Brown, M Kearns, K Kenthapadi, L Melis, A Roth, AA Siva International Conference on Machine Learning, 457-467 , 2021 111 2021 Splitbox: Toward efficient private network function virtualization HJ Asghar, L Melis, C Soldani, E De Cristofaro, MA Kaafar, L Mathy Proceedings of the 2016 workshop on Hot topics in Middleboxes and Network�… , 2016 55 2016 Have Missing Data? Make It Miss More! Imputing Tabular Data with Masked Autoencoding T Du, L Melis, T Wang 46 * Towards fair federated recommendation learning: Characterizing the inter-dependence of system and data heterogeneity K Maeng, H Lu, L Melis, J Nguyen, M Rabbat, CJ Wu Proceedings of the 16th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems, 156-167 , 2022 45 2022 Adversarial robustness with non-uniform perturbations E Erdemir, J Bickford, L Melis, S Aydore Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 34, 19147-19159 , 2021 42 2021 Private processing of outsourced network functions: Feasibility and constructions L Melis, HJ Asghar, E De Cristofaro, MA Kaafar Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Workshop on Security in Software�… , 2016 41 2016 Noisy Neighbors: Efficient membership inference attacks against LLMs F Galli, L Melis, T Cucinotta arXiv preprint arXiv:2406.16565 , 2024 30 2024 Auditing -Differential Privacy in One Run S Mahloujifar, L Melis, K Chaudhuri arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.22235 , 2024 26 2024 Federated linear contextual bandits with user-level differential privacy R Huang, H Zhang, L Melis, M Shen, M Hejazinia, J Yang International Conference on Machine Learning, 14060-14095 , 2023 23 2023 Detecting anomalous events using autoencoders B Coskun, W Ding, L Melis US Patent 11,374,952 , 2022 22 2022 Measuring and Privately Building Highly Predictive Blacklisting L Melis, A Pyrgelis, E De Cristofaro 18 * Federated ensemble learning: Increasing the capacity of label private recommendation systems. M Hejazinia, D Huba, I Leontiadis, K Maeng, M Malek, L Melis, I Mironov, ... IEEE Data Eng. Bull. 46 (1), 145-157 , 2023 14 * 2023 EXACT: Extensive attack for split learning X Qiu, I Leontiadis, L Melis, A Sablayrolles, P Stock arXiv preprint arXiv:2305.12997 , 2023 12 * 2023 Detecting anomalous events from categorical data using autoencoders S Aydore, B Coskun, L Melis US Patent 11,537,902 , 2022 9 2022 Building and evaluating privacy-preserving data processing systems L Melis UCL (University College London) , 2018 2 2018 Generating relaxed synthetic data using adaptive projection S Aydore, W Brown, M Kearns, K Kenthapadi, L Melis, A Roth, AA Siva US Patent 11,841,863 , 2023 1 2023 현재 시스템이 작동되지 않습니다. 나중에 다시 시도해 주세요. 학술자료 1–20 더보기 개인정보처리방침 약관 도움말 학술검색 정보 검색 도움말 | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://w3techs.com/technologies/cross/operating_system/web_server | Usage Survey of Operating Systems broken down by Web Servers advertise here provided by Q-Success Home Technologies Reports API Sites Quality Users Blog Forum FAQ Search Featured products and services advertise here Technologies Content Management Server-side Languages Client-side Languages JavaScript Libraries CSS Frameworks Web Servers Web Panels Operating Systems Web Hosting Data Centers Reverse Proxies DNS Servers Email Servers SSL Certificate Authorities Content Delivery Traffic Analysis Tools Advertising Networks Tag Managers Social Widgets Site Elements Structured Data Markup Languages Character Encodings Image File Formats Top Level Domains Server Locations Content Languages Related Reports Transposition Technologies > Operating Systems > by Web Servers Usage of operating systems broken down by web servers Detailed statistics in our extensive operating systems market report. Learn more This diagram shows the percentages of websites using various operating systems broken down by web servers. Cross-technology reports only include technologies with more than 1% usage to ensure statistical significance of the results. See technologies overview for explanations on the methodologies used in the surveys. How to read the diagram: Unix is used by 90.8% of all the websites whose operating system we know. Unix is used by 98.7% of all the websites whose operating system we know and that use Nginx as web server. Unix 90.8% 98.7% 92.4% 97.6% 100.0% 97.8% 2.2% 99.6% Windows 9.4% 1.6% 7.9% 2.8% 0.1% 2.5% 100.0% 0.6% W3Techs.com, 13 January 2026 Overall Nginx Cloudflare Server Apache LiteSpeed Node.js Microsoft-IIS Envoy Percentages of websites using various operating systems broken down by web servers Note: a website may use more than one operating system More detailed statistics You can find complete breakdown reports of 33 operating systems in our operating systems market reports . Share this page Technology Brief Operating Systems An operating system of a computer is the underlying program, that performs its basic user interactions and forms the basis of all other programs. Latest related posting read all Web Technologies of the Year 2025 5 January 2026 We compiled the list of web technologies that saw the largest increase in usage in 2025. » more advertise here About Us Disclaimer Terms of Use Privacy Policy Advertising Contact W3Techs on LinkedIn Mastodon Bluesky Copyright © 2009-2026 Q-Success | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
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https://www.linkedin.com/products/blinkdigitalworkplace-blink-the-frontline-experts/ | Blink - Employee Experience Platform | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Blink - Employee Experience Platform in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Blink - Employee Experience Platform Employee Communications Software by Blink - Employee Experience Platform See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About Blink is the leading mobile-first employee experience platform that connects your people, systems, and culture in one super-app. It bridges the digital divide between deskless and desk-based workers, supercharging employee communication and engagement at industry-leading companies like Nokia, Domino’s, JD Sports, RATP Dev, and Stagecoach. Blink is the top-rated Employee Communications Application on Gartner Peer Insights and a Leader in the G2 Grid for Best Employee Engagement Software. Featured customers of Blink - Employee Experience Platform McDonald's Restaurants 2,378,938 followers Domino's Restaurants 507,168 followers Holcim Construction 1,069,248 followers Falck Hospitals and Health Care 99,214 followers Poundland & Dealz Retail 45,421 followers Metroline Ltd Ground Passenger Transportation 13,834 followers Nokia Telecommunications 1,862,628 followers NHS Food and Beverage Services 712,120 followers Stagecoach Group Limited Truck Transportation 29,720 followers JD Sports Fashion Retail 246,264 followers Show more Show less Similar products Zoho Cliq Zoho Cliq Employee Communications Software HCL Sametime HCL Sametime Employee Communications Software Workvivo by Zoom Workvivo by Zoom Employee Communications Software Flip Flip Employee Communications Software Poppulo Poppulo Employee Communications Software Staffbase Staffbase Employee Communications Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/rd-station-rd-station-crm?similarProducts=true&trk=products_details_guest_similar_products_section_sign_in | RD Station CRM | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn RD Station in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in RD Station CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by RD Station See who's skilled in this Add as skill Request demo Report this product About Lançado em 2018, o RD Station CRM é a ferramenta para controlar e organizar o processo comercial. O software ajuda gestores de vendas a ter uma visão completa do funil, fazer follow-up de tarefas e ter mais visibilidade dos resultados a partir de relatórios automáticos. Foi o primeiro CRM gratuito em português com um número ilimitado de usuários e contatos. Hoje, já registra a marca de 3 mil clientes, além de ser o mais bem avaliado na plataforma B2B Stack. Media Products media viewer No more previous content Conheça o RD Station CRM Como a Foco Turismo passou a vender até 100% mais com o RD Station CRM O que é um CRM? No more next content Featured customers of RD Station CRM Total Express Transportation, Logistics, Supply Chain and Storage 209,470 followers Consórcio Magalu Financial Services 16,861 followers Happy IT Services and IT Consulting 24,765 followers PROCAVE Investimentos e Incorporações Construction 22,365 followers Similar products Sales Cloud Sales Cloud Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Zoho CRM Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Bigin by Zoho CRM Bigin by Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Experian DataShare Experian DataShare Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Odoo CRM Odoo CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Freshsales Freshsales Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less RD Station products RD Station Conversas RD Station Conversas Chatbot Software RD Station Marketing RD Station Marketing Marketing Automation Software LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/kaspersky-ddos-protection/?trk=products_seo_search | Kaspersky DDoS Protection | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Kaspersky in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Kaspersky DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software by Kaspersky See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) can cause financial costs for your business. Keep your service protected with Kaspersky DDoS-Protection! Similar products Cloudflare DDoS Protection Cloudflare DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Cloudflare Spectrum Cloudflare Spectrum DDoS Protection Software Akamai Prolexic Routed Akamai Prolexic Routed DDoS Protection Software OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Kona DDoS Defender Kona DDoS Defender DDoS Protection Software Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Kaspersky products Kaspersky Container Security Kaspersky Container Security Container Security Software Kaspersky Digital Footprint Intelligence Kaspersky Digital Footprint Intelligence Digital Forensics Software Kaspersky Industrial Cybersecurity Kaspersky Industrial Cybersecurity Enterprise Architecture Software Kaspersky Next Kaspersky Next Endpoint Detection & Response (EDR) Software Kaspersky Password Manager Kaspersky Password Manager Password Management Software Kaspersky Premium Kaspersky Premium Antivirus Software Kaspersky Safe Kids Kaspersky Safe Kids Antivirus Software Kaspersky Threat Intelligence Kaspersky Threat Intelligence Threat Intelligence Platforms Kaspersky VPN Kaspersky VPN Virtual Private Network (VPN) Software KasperskyOS KasperskyOS Operating Systems Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/aha-labs-inc--aha-develop/ | Aha! Develop | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Aha! in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Aha! Develop DevOps Software by Aha! See who's skilled in this Add as skill Try now Report this product About Aha! Develop is the agile tool that links strategy to delivery — for technical leaders who want to ensure product and engineering work well together. This product is intended for Developer Software Engineer Product Manager Engineering Manager Media Products media viewer No more previous content Aha! Develop Watch an overview of how you can use Aha! Develop to connect to the roadmap, optimize your workload, and streamline development workflows. Aha! Develop - Build what customers value Create a unified product development workflow. Set strategic priorities and empower the engineering team to get work done — in one seamlessly connected tool. Aha! Develop - Focus on top priorities Create a unified backlog that everyone agrees on. Add everything the team needs to tackle within one view so you can align on what matters most. Aha! Develop - Set achievable plans Deliver new functionality efficiently. Balance the team's workload through better upfront planning — so you can ship on time with fewer fire drills Aha! Develop - Showcase success Gain all the insights you need. Report on agile metrics, performance trends, and value delivered to help your team achieve its best. No more next content Similar products Bamboo Bamboo DevOps Software Compass Compass DevOps Software HCL Software DevOps HCL Software DevOps DevOps Software GitLab Duo GitLab Duo DevOps Software Akamai for DevOps Akamai for DevOps DevOps Software HashiCorp Consul HashiCorp Consul DevOps Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Aha! products Aha! Academy Aha! Academy Product Management Software Aha! Discovery Aha! Discovery Product Management Software Aha! Ideas Aha! Ideas Idea Management Software Aha! Knowledge Aha! Knowledge Knowledge Management Software Aha! Roadmaps Aha! Roadmaps Strategic Planning Software Aha! Teamwork Aha! Teamwork Project Management Software Aha! Whiteboards Aha! Whiteboards Whiteboard Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bitazza.freedom.wallet&hl=en_US | Freedom World - Apps on Google Play Games Apps Books Kids google_logo Play Games Apps Books Kids none search help_outline Sign in with Google play_apps Library & devices payment Payments & subscriptions reviews My Play activity redeem Offers Play Pass Personalization in Play settings Settings Privacy Policy • Terms of Service Games Apps Books Kids Freedom World Bitazza Company Limited 100K+ Downloads Rated for 3+ info Install Share Add to wishlist About this app arrow_forward Freedom World – Chat, Make Friends, Earn Points, and Redeem Real Rewards! Freedom World is an all-in-one community platform that lets you chat, connect, and make new friends easily through a user-friendly chat app. Enjoy a variety of fun missions to collect “Freedom Shards” and redeem them for real rewards – no extra cost. The more you engage, the more you get! One app, endless fun – community, games, and rewards in one place! Whether you're looking to chat, find friends with similar interests, or enjoy rewarding activities, Freedom World is the app for you! Join interest-based communities – finance, gaming, lifestyle, restaurants, top shops, and more – and easily connect and chat with new people through our smooth chat and social feed features. Plus, enjoy live streaming to keep up with real-time content and entertainment. Complete fun missions to collect Freedom Shards and exchange them for exclusive prizes – from in-app rewards to gift cards and real products. Every shard you earn has real value! 🎮 Battle on with “The Scape” – our strategy card game Fight, train your tactics, and collect shards to redeem rewards. Complete daily missions and start earning right away! 💡 Why choose Freedom World? ■ Make new friends – chat, play, and connect based on shared interests ■ Smooth, user-friendly chat and messaging system ■ Join communities that match your interests – from gaming and finance to lifestyle ■ Enjoy live streaming – stay updated with knowledge or entertainment in real time ■ Collect Freedom Shards and redeem real rewards – no hidden costs ■ Join branded missions and campaigns – the more you join, the more you earn 🎁 What kind of rewards can you get? Use the points you collect from chatting, playing games, or engaging with communities to redeem: ■ Gift cards from leading stores ■ Limited edition items ■ Discount codes ■ Everyday essentials ■ And many more rewards, updated regularly! Whether you're here to make friends, chat, share stories, or earn and redeem points – Freedom World has everything you need to have fun every day. Download now and start your shard-earning journey today! Updated on Nov 20, 2025 Social Data safety arrow_forward Safety starts with understanding how developers collect and share your data. Data privacy and security practices may vary based on your use, region, and age. The developer provided this information and may update it over time. No data shared with third parties Learn more about how developers declare sharing This app may collect these data types Personal info, Financial info, and App info and performance Data is encrypted in transit You can request that data be deleted See details What’s new Bug fixes and Improvements flag Flag as inappropriate App support expand_more public Website email Support email support@freedom.world shield Privacy Policy About the developer BITAZZA COMPANY LIMITED hamidreza.momeni@bitazza.com 2922/280 New Phetchaburi Road 24 Floor HUAI KHWANG 10310 Thailand +49 1590 1400651 Similar apps arrow_forward TCG Card Value Scanner - Shiny Shiny Cardboard LLC Ronin Wallet Sky Mavis Pte. Ltd. 4.0 star Wombat - Powered by PlayMind PlayMind 5.0 star Ledger Wallet™ crypto app Ledger 4.7 star Tykr: Confident Investing Tykr LLC Seeking Alpha: News & Analysis SeekingAlpha 4.6 star flag Flag as inappropriate Google Play Play Pass Play Points Gift cards Redeem Refund policy Kids & family Parent Guide Family sharing Terms of Service Privacy About Google Play Developers Google Store All prices include VAT. South Korea (English) 상호명: Google LLC. | 대표자: Sundar Pichai | 주소: 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States | 고객센터: 080-085-1500 (무료) / gpk-usersupport@google.com | 호스팅 서비스 제공: Google LLC. | 사업자정보 Google Play에 등록된 앱과 게임은 각 개발자가 제공하고 판매하는 것이며, Google LLC가 개발자로 표시된 앱과 게임 이외에 Play에 등록된 상 | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://youtu.be/vTRe3q1MOJE?si=WFiuWw2pCv9ftVEk&trk=test | Learning Outside the Classroom and Building a Career in Games - YouTube 정보 보도자료 저작권 문의하기 크리에이터 광고 개발자 약관 개인정보처리방침 정책 및 안전 YouTube 작동의 원리 새로운 기능 테스트하기 © 2026 Google LLC, Sundar Pichai, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View CA 94043, USA, 0807-882-594 (무료), yt-support-solutions-kr@google.com, 호스팅: Google LLC, 사업자정보 , 불법촬영물 신고 크리에이터들이 유튜브 상에 게시, 태그 또는 추천한 상품들은 판매자들의 약관에 따라 판매됩니다. 유튜브는 이러한 제품들을 판매하지 않으며, 그에 대한 책임을 지지 않습니다. var ytInitialData = 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https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bitazza.freedom.wallet&hl=ca | Freedom World - Apps on Google Play Games Apps Books Kids google_logo Play Games Apps Books Kids none search help_outline Sign in with Google play_apps Library & devices payment Payments & subscriptions reviews My Play activity redeem Offers Play Pass Personalization in Play settings Settings Privacy Policy • Terms of Service Games Apps Books Kids Freedom World Bitazza Company Limited 100K+ Downloads Rated for 3+ info Install Share Add to wishlist About this app arrow_forward Freedom World – Chat, Make Friends, Earn Points, and Redeem Real Rewards! Freedom World is an all-in-one community platform that lets you chat, connect, and make new friends easily through a user-friendly chat app. Enjoy a variety of fun missions to collect “Freedom Shards” and redeem them for real rewards – no extra cost. The more you engage, the more you get! One app, endless fun – community, games, and rewards in one place! Whether you're looking to chat, find friends with similar interests, or enjoy rewarding activities, Freedom World is the app for you! Join interest-based communities – finance, gaming, lifestyle, restaurants, top shops, and more – and easily connect and chat with new people through our smooth chat and social feed features. Plus, enjoy live streaming to keep up with real-time content and entertainment. Complete fun missions to collect Freedom Shards and exchange them for exclusive prizes – from in-app rewards to gift cards and real products. Every shard you earn has real value! 🎮 Battle on with “The Scape” – our strategy card game Fight, train your tactics, and collect shards to redeem rewards. Complete daily missions and start earning right away! 💡 Why choose Freedom World? ■ Make new friends – chat, play, and connect based on shared interests ■ Smooth, user-friendly chat and messaging system ■ Join communities that match your interests – from gaming and finance to lifestyle ■ Enjoy live streaming – stay updated with knowledge or entertainment in real time ■ Collect Freedom Shards and redeem real rewards – no hidden costs ■ Join branded missions and campaigns – the more you join, the more you earn 🎁 What kind of rewards can you get? Use the points you collect from chatting, playing games, or engaging with communities to redeem: ■ Gift cards from leading stores ■ Limited edition items ■ Discount codes ■ Everyday essentials ■ And many more rewards, updated regularly! Whether you're here to make friends, chat, share stories, or earn and redeem points – Freedom World has everything you need to have fun every day. Download now and start your shard-earning journey today! Updated on Nov 20, 2025 Social Data safety arrow_forward Safety starts with understanding how developers collect and share your data. Data privacy and security practices may vary based on your use, region, and age. The developer provided this information and may update it over time. No data shared with third parties Learn more about how developers declare sharing This app may collect these data types Personal info, Financial info, and App info and performance Data is encrypted in transit You can request that data be deleted See details What’s new Bug fixes and Improvements flag Flag as inappropriate App support expand_more public Website email Support email support@freedom.world shield Privacy Policy About the developer BITAZZA COMPANY LIMITED hamidreza.momeni@bitazza.com 2922/280 New Phetchaburi Road 24 Floor HUAI KHWANG 10310 Thailand +49 1590 1400651 Similar apps arrow_forward TCG Card Value Scanner - Shiny Shiny Cardboard LLC Ronin Wallet Sky Mavis Pte. Ltd. 4.0 star Wombat - Powered by PlayMind PlayMind 5.0 star Ledger Wallet™ crypto app Ledger 4.7 star Tykr: Confident Investing Tykr LLC Seeking Alpha: News & Analysis SeekingAlpha 4.6 star flag Flag as inappropriate Google Play Play Pass Play Points Gift cards Redeem Refund policy Kids & family Parent Guide Family sharing Terms of Service Privacy About Google Play Developers Google Store All prices include VAT. South Korea (English (United States)) 상호명: Google LLC. | 대표자: Sundar Pichai | 주소: 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States | 고객센터: 080-085-1500 (무료) / gpk-usersupport@google.com | 호스팅 서비스 제공: Google LLC. | 사업자정보 Google Play에 등록된 앱과 게임은 각 개발자가 제공하고 판매하는 것이며, Google LLC가 개발자로 표시된 앱과 게임 이외�� | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://sre.google/resources/practices-and-processes/product-focused-reliability-for-sre/ | Google SRE - Product SRE, improving reliability of services Site Reliability Engineering Jump to Content Home Resources Latest resources Google SRE Video Gallery New! Product-Focused Reliability for SRE Twentieth Anniversary Twenty years of SRE lessons learned Prodverbs SRE Fundamentals Measuring Reliability Why Heroism is Bad System Theoretic Process Analysis Books Building Secure & Reliable Systems The Site Reliability Workbook Site Reliability Engineering Mobaa 2024 Gallery 2022 Gallery 2020 Gallery Vector Methods Classroom Distributed PubSub Distributed Image Server The Art of SLO Latest resources Resources overview Google SRE Video Gallery New! Product-Focused Reliability for SRE Twentieth Anniversary Twenty years of SRE lessons learned Prodverbs SRE Fundamentals Measuring Reliability Why Heroism is Bad System Theoretic Process Analysis Books Books overview Building Secure & Reliable Systems The Site Reliability Workbook Site Reliability Engineering Mobaa Mobaa overview 2024 Gallery 2022 Gallery 2020 Gallery Vector Methods Classroom Classroom overview Distributed PubSub Distributed Image Server The Art of SLO Books Careers Cloud Local Prodcast Spotlight Site Reliability Engineering Jump to Content Product-Focused Reliability for SRE Written by Carl Crous, Parker Roth, and Victoria Hurd Introduction Site Reliability Engineers (SRE) traditionally support products indirectly via their services, being accountable to service level objectives (SLO), and improving the reliability of these services. However, this approach has the following limitations that can impact products and the end user experience: Services are partial solutions for user needs and business goals. Measuring the reliability of a service is only an approximation of the user need or business goal. User interfaces (UI) are increasingly complex. There are a number of layers between UIs and the services that SREs measure, resulting in a significant gap in the coverage of the product. Service growth can easily outpace the engineering growth of an organization, leading to inevitable neglect of services or team overload. Service support optimizes a small part of the product's overall reliability and performance, while significant risks exist beyond the scope of these services. Services are synchronous by nature. Asynchronous flows are often overlooked or difficult to prioritize because their success cannot be measured by a single service. This article explores these limitations and discusses how some Google SRE teams are addressing these constraints by refocusing support on the product and end user needs, instead of concentrating on infrastructure and services. We also discuss SLO strategies, we describe how Google SREs define a product, and we explain how to decide what's critical to achieving product reliability. Product Engagement To support a product, SRE needs to be familiar with how the product and its features are designed and developed. Engaging with the product also entails learning the end user's goals when using a product. To obtain product and user information, SRE needs to work with product managers and UX researchers, who define the product and features based on frameworks like Jobs to be Done [1,5] and Google's Critical User Journeys (CUJs) [2], which identify the end user's goals and desired outcomes. Using this information, SRE can identify what is important to the product and its users, and they can define reliability in the same language used to define the product. Service support model The core responsibilities of SREs are to be "responsible for the availability, latency, performance, efficiency, change management, monitoring, emergency response, and capacity planning of their [SRE] service(s)" [3]. In this model, services are the primary unit of ownership and work for an SRE team. This focus on services is how SRE teams are traditionally established, and it drives how SREs prioritize their work, measure their performance, and expand their scope to support more services. SREs traditionally excel at services-based work, enabling high availability of the services that they support. However, for the following reasons, service availability doesn't always result in user happiness with a product: The product still faces outages that impact users outside of the SRE team's scope, for example, problems that occur in a web or mobile application. The SRE team spends time responding to conditions that potentially have no user impact. For example, HTTP 404 errors might not impact users. When SRE scope is limited to a set of services, the SRE team often doesn't have enough information to solve these issues effectively. Instead, SREs are forced to assess the services with no higher level of understanding of how the services should perform. Rather than accepting accountability for service reliability, SRE teams can accept accountability for the product itself. This higher level commitment prioritizes the product, not the service . This approach, which we call the product support model, opens up a new way of thinking about reliability. Product support model The core of this new product support model focuses on SREs being accountable for the reliability of a product's critical functionality. Where SREs were once assigned a set of services, which were deemed critical at a fixed point in time, SREs are now assigned to collections of features and user outcomes. Without the fixed boundaries of traditional service ownership, SRE teams are empowered to align their priorities to business and user outcomes and tackle wider ranging and more impactful efforts at every layer of the service stack. "If you can't measure it, you can't improve it." — Peter Drucker Before an engineering team can manage the reliability of a product, it must first be able to measure its reliability. Establishing a set of metrics that provide sufficient breadth and depth of coverage is critical for teams to identify the most impactful engineering efforts and avoid the temptation to over-optimize any particular system. Before a team can measure the reliability of a product, it must first know what to measure and how to measure it. Knowing what to measure comes from modeling a product as a collection of user-visible behaviors, or features, and prioritizing the behaviors in terms of the value they bring to the user. With this prioritized list in hand, a team can begin to pivot from supporting teams and services to supporting the product and its users. Fig. 1 illustrates how the ultimate goal of improving the reliability of a product starts with a solid foundation of stakeholder alignment, product modeling, and measurement. Together, these concepts enable the team to dedicate their resources toward the issues which are most impactful for the end user and the business. Fig. 1: Product Reliability bootstrapping workflow Get Started In this section, you'll learn how to implement a product-focused reliability engagement, including the following key steps: Engage your stakeholders Model the product Measure performance Manage reliability Each step lists intermediate deliverables that bring value to the SRE team and the opportunities they unlock. We encourage you to proceed in order, but we also highlight areas where you can leverage existing metrics and relationships. 1. Engage your Stakeholders As with any SRE engagement, the first step is to identify the relevant stakeholders. Where service-based engagements rely on a partnership between SRE and a developer team, product-focused engagements require a more diverse set of partners. This broader set typically includes the following: Product managers: Define product strategy and requirements. UX designers and researchers: Turn requirements into user experiences. Engineering teams: Develop the necessary features and infrastructure to implement user experiences. Support specialists: Interface with the end user via direct or written communication. To build the foundation you need to successfully manage product reliability, it's critical to identify the stakeholders responsible for each role. Deliverable: Documented roles and responsibilities, for example, a RACI matrix [7]. After you identify all the relevant stakeholders, meet with each stakeholder to initiate SRE's partnership with them. 2. Model the Product People use a product to achieve a real-world objective. To help product teams build products and services that facilitate user goals, you need to understand what the product's users are trying to accomplish. This section introduces two key concepts that will be important to keep in mind throughout the rest of this article: user objectives and steps . A user objective describes a user's intent and the goal that they want to achieve. For example, an objective for a mail service might be "Communicate with people." Steps are the individual actions a user takes to reach their objective. The Jobs to be Done (JTBD) [1,5] framework models user objectives as jobs, while Google's Critical User Journeys (CUJs) [2] models user objectives as goals with an accompanying set of tasks or steps. Understanding the user's objective in using a product or feature is a powerful tool for software development, because it gives you a clear signal about the most important aspects of the product to focus on. The user's intent is also a powerful reliability tool that SREs can leverage. Assuming your product is built using a framework like Jobs to be Done, you will have a curated list of user objectives that the product aims to facilitate. Product managers, UX designers, and other non-engineering disciplines likely own this list (at least in part). This list, which provides high-level descriptions of what the user wants to achieve, is based on cross-functional data that provides a common language among the many disciplines involved in the software development lifecycle. Leveraging these shared user objectives as the foundation for product support is the fundamental first step in modeling your product's reliability. However, if you don't have a list of user objectives, then you might need to develop this list yourself, which comes at a significant engineering cost and results in a list that only SREs are invested in using. A better approach is to engage with and encourage product managers –who are accountable for ensuring the product meets the needs of end-users to adopt one of these frameworks and own the definition of the user objectives. User objectives are broken down into a list of steps that the user takes to accomplish the overall objective. Each step is an isolated unit of work, independent of the other steps. These steps provide the following information: An explanation of what a user is doing with a product, or the user goal. A definition of a start condition and a number of success or failure conditions for each step. A tangible list of actions that you can relate to the product's interface or infrastructure, for example, the RPCs called when a user is sending an email. The objectives are just an organizational element that groups steps together. Based on the steps, you can identify which parts of the product's interface and infrastructure are required to complete those steps. Some parts of a single interface or infrastructure service might address different objectives, and can therefore have different levels of importance. Deliverable: A product registry of the user objectives and steps with high-level descriptions. Mail service product definition example Let's consider an email product that lets users send and receive emails, including a few value-added features. We'll model this product in terms of the objectives and steps detailed in Table 1 and illustrated in Fig. 2. Table 1 provides the basic product model that can be used by multiple disciplines involved in the product's development and support. Objective Step Description Compose mail Login The user authenticates themselves on the login page. Open compose dialog The user clicks the Compose button, and the Compose dialog is presented. Lookup addresses The user starts to type a recipient's email address. A number of matching addresses are presented for selection. Check spelling As the user types their message, spelling mistakes are highlighted. Send mail The user clicks the Send button. The message is queued for delivery in the mail service. Read mail Login The user authenticates themselves on the login page. Open inbox The user opens their inbox page, which lists all their email messages.. Open message The user selects an email message, and its contents are presented. Receive mail (async) When the mail service receives new messages, they are automatically displayed in the user's inbox. Table 1: Example user objectives and steps Fig. 2: Flow diagram of user objectives and steps (see Table 1) Product criticality and prioritization When you pivot to a product support model, keep in mind that SRE teams will experience a greater cognitive load as they learn this new approach. Be sure to manage the additional effort required from SRE teams by strategically choosing where and how to support the product. For example, you might want to focus a lot of support on a core user objective and its steps, instrumenting them with high cost but accurate end-to-end SLOs. In this scenario, you might choose to support less critical objectives through cheaper and more traditional server-based SLOs. Prioritizing SRE work is a challenging problem of its own. We solve this problem by defining importance based on the relationship between specific objectives and the product's key performance indicators (KPIs). These indicators are often already used by products to assess the severity of outages, so using these KPIs to prioritize SRE tasks ensures that SREs keep pace with evolving product needs. At Google, we use product-specific severity guidelines (like the scenarios listed for Google Cloud major incidents [6]) to indicate the severity and impact of an outage on a product. In Google Ads, revenue is a key indicator of outage severity, while in YouTube, severity guidelines include time users spend watching videos. See the mail service severity example to learn how you can define severity guidelines for a typical mail service. While this classification is primarily used to measure the impact of outages, it also provides a clear signal of importance that you can apply to other areas. Severity guidelines are often written in terms of the impact on users, and therefore correspond closely with the user objectives and steps. Using the severity guidelines, you can organize your user objectives and steps based on the impact that a severe outage would have on a product or feature, which is defined as the product criticality. See the mail service product criticality example to learn how you can define product criticality for a typical mail service. This criticality definition gives clear guidelines for prioritizing SRE work. Ensure that there's a good base coverage for the entire infrastructure and develop your own set of principles for assessing the ROI for more targeted efforts. Consider what level of reliability you want to achieve for your most important objectives before focusing on the less important ones. Often, teams fall into the trap of developing a new method to address a reliability concern, and then they try to apply that approach to all scenarios, regardless of suitability. However, initial instrumentation costs and the ongoing maintenance costs of deploying improvements everywhere are not always justified. For example, offline or batch traffic doesn't have the same availability and latency requirements as interactive, user-facing traffic, and therefore different SLOs are required for each of these traffic classes. Gaining a deeper understanding of what's important to the product has many benefits, from knowing where test coverage is important to better incident response. If an SRE knows an issue is severe, they will react and escalate more quickly, resulting in a faster resolution. Deliverable: A set of severity and criticality definitions aligned with the product's user objectives and steps. Mail service severity example Continuing the mail service product definition example , we define the product's incident severity guidelines as follows: Severity Description Major Any impact to receiving or sending mail. > 20% impact to core features Medium > 5% impact to core features. > 20% impact to auxiliary features Minor > 0% impact to any feature Table 2: Example incident severity guidelines. In this example, core features are those features that are required for users to be able to read and compose emails, like the authentication system or the address book. Auxiliary features , like spell checking and auto-complete, add value and are nice to have, but they aren't critical to product usage. The definition of impact varies from product to product, based on unique user and business needs. Some products might focus purely on technical impact like percentage of failed requests or percentage of requests with latency above an acceptable threshold. Other products might focus on revenue loss, brand damage, or other concepts more directly connected with business key performance indicators (KPI). No matter which criteria you choose for a product, it's important to consider these key principles: The resulting collection should cover all aspects of user perceived behavior and business priorities. It should be possible to determine an incident's severity in a timely and sustainable manner. There should be broad alignment about the incident severity guidelines across product and engineering leadership. Mail service product criticality example Using the severity guidelines in the mail service severity example , we define the product criticality as follows: Criticality Description User Objectives > Steps Critical Services that are responsible for mail transport and delivery, and are critical (not optional) dependencies of core features. - Compose mail - Read mail Important Services that are non-critical dependencies (graceful failover) of core features or are dependencies of auxiliary features. - Compose mail > Check spelling - Read mail > Filter spam None All other services, typically internal or unlaunched features. All other product features not identified as product priorities. Table 3: Example product criticality definition. You can see how the critical definition is modeled around the user's objectives (like composing and sending email) rather than how the system was implemented to address these needs. Some specific steps (like checking spelling and filtering spam) can have different criticalities if they aren't considered critical components of the objective. A number of aspects aren't explicitly listed, like authentication, since that's one of the steps in most of the objectives. Additional value While Measure performance discusses how you can use this product model as the foundation for measuring a product's performance, this is not the only value provided by the model. A clear understanding of the user goals for your product enables you to align testing strategies, product usage metrics, and other production concerns on a shared foundation of user needs. 3. Measure Performance SLOs are a key component of any SRE team, providing tangible metrics that reflect the reliability of a system. The SRE Workbook [4] is a detailed resource that defines SLOs and service level indicators (SLI) and describes how to use them, particularly with respect to services. Service-based SLOs generally don't provide adequate product coverage. There are classes of issues that cannot be measured from a single server, for example, issues that occur within a web or mobile application, or through an asynchronous action. When an SRE team discovers the gaps in using service-based SLOs, they start to expand their SLOs in a number of ways. There are three main categories of SLOs that provide broader coverage for the product: service SLOs, client-side instrumentation, and end-to-end SLOs. Service SLOs Service SLOs are the most common type of SLO. They are instrumented through measurements taken from the service itself (like application server logs or live monitoring metrics), or through the logs of a layer above the service (like a load balancer). You can also use black box monitoring results to measure service uptime. The following are the main characteristics of service SLOs: Characteristic Description Low cost Service SLOs are common and widely used. High confidence The data obtained for service SLOs is under your control and can be provided with very high availability guarantees, like an SLO on the SLO data. Low latency You can gather and process data with a very low latency, from seconds to a few minutes. Narrow coverage These SLOs only cover what the service can see, which is improved by measuring the SLOs at a higher layer in the service stack. If the returned result is considered a success to the service, it passes the SLO. However, successful results don't always guarantee that the results are useful, for example, empty responses or new incompatible data being returned to an old client. Table 4: Characteristics of service SLOs Client-side instrumentation With the development of more sophisticated (and more complex) user interfaces through web and mobile applications, more SRE teams have started to support these interfaces directly. This can be achieved by retrieving telemetry directly from user interfaces. This telemetry requires some logging or monitoring side-channel that records events which can then be processed and used to define SLOs. This data typically must be batched, and is sent in the background, separately from the interactive RPC requests. When an application is closed or loses network connectivity, some telemetry might be lost. All of these factors impact the reliability of data; and some single digit percentage loss is expected. Furthermore, measuring signals on client devices also includes measuring the device's performance and internet connection. However, client-side SLOs provide helpful insights into a product's performance as experienced by the users. You can use these SLOs to provide a better user experience for users who have less reliable connections. Complexities in how the interface behaves, for example, caching, retries, and asynchronous RPC requests, are transparent when you can measure start and end conditions from the user interface. Consider all of the following characteristics when you're deciding when and how to use client-side SLOs: Characteristic Description Moderate cost Instrumenting client-side SLOs requires additional features in the user interface to retrieve the data, and a system to receive and process the data and provide the SLOs. Low confidence There is expected data loss. Measurements can be impacted by poorly performing client devices and internet connections. Moderate latency Signals typically travel from client devices in batches. These signals require additional processing before they can be used in SLOs, resulting in delays from 15 minutes to one hour. Broad coverage The measurements from the client devices allow for SLOs that directly measure the user's experience of the product's performance and reliability. Table 5: Characteristics of client-side SLOs End-to-end SLOs Some product features and business metrics can't be directly measured through service or client-side instrumentation. These often require joining data from multiple sources and typically follow asynchronous tasks. For example, a user might ask to generate a report. The user interface sends an RPC request which succeeds once the report is enqueued in the system, but that doesn't mean the report is successfully generated. Some backend system dequeues the report and generates it, or fails to do so. To measure if the report is successfully generated, you need to combine the user's original RPC request with the final report generation result. An end-to-end SLO generally measures its SLIs per user interaction, and can therefore provide fairly accurate results. The implementation of an end-to-end SLO requires a fair bit of engineering effort because you need to do the following: Determine the set of data required to measure the SLI. Log and record the required data. Aggregate and join the data from multiple sources. The main characteristics of end-to-end SLOs are as follows: Characteristic Description Very high cost Instrumenting an end-to-end SLO can require months of engineering effort. Each SLO can result in unique engineering challenges and constraints. High confidence You can use multiple data sources, and you can track missing data in any of those sources by cross-referencing them. High latency Combining signals from multiple sources can be time consuming and complex. Continuously processing new data comes at a high cost, so offline batch solutions are often favored (typically run once per day or every few hours). Narrow coverage An end-to-end SLO aims to cover a very specific feature or business metric, and it does so with the highest degree of confidence. Table 6: Characteristics of end-to-end SLOs Prioritization Websites, mobile applications, and other internet-connected devices are becoming increasingly complex, which has driven the rise in microservice architecture that helps to simplify and scale the services that are needed to run modern applications. The number of servers around the world has grown exponentially. Evidence of this can be seen in the growth of public cloud providers like GCP. However, the number of software engineers globally has a much smaller linear growth. It is also important to recognize that every SLO carries an ongoing cost to maintain its underlying data and respond to SLO misses. Certain product features become less important as they age, while others may remain critical for the lifetime of the product. It is inevitable that software engineers and site reliability engineers need to prioritize which SLOs are still relevant and where engineers should spend their time improving the reliability of a product. Product SLOs A product-level SLO is defined around a step that a user takes to achieve their objectives. Any SLO (like service, client-side, or end-to-end) can be transformed into a product-level SLO by annotating and expanding it with user objective step information. The relatively simple task of linking SLOs to user objectives gives you an understanding of what the SLO means to the user and how important the SLO is to the product. Setting the objective target or latency thresholds is notoriously challenging when the SLOs are framed around services and infrastructure. But when the SLOs have the additional context of the user's objectives, what is being measured becomes much clearer. For example, instead of asking "How reliable and fast should the AddressLookup service on the user-data-server be?" you might ask, "How many errors can users tolerate when looking up email addresses and how quickly should those email addresses be returned?" When combined with product criticality, you can validate that SLOs are set appropriately and are not unjustifiably strict. This approach gives you a broader range of SLO targets that represent what's important to the product. Fig. 3: Example of how product SLOs are defined around user objectives and steps. Deliverable: A prioritized list of product SLOs that cover different SLO types (availability, latency) and instrumentation methods (service, client-side, end-to-end). Implement the highest priority SLOs and use the lower priority SLOs to create a backlog that you can prioritize later. Telemetry Before you can implement the SLOs discussed in Product SLOs , metrics (also known as SLIs) must be available to help you track the relevant product functionality. To develop these metrics, you need to bridge the conceptual world of the product model with the product's real-world infrastructure. This capability is a key value driver of the product reliability model. Whereas a team's understanding of SLO performance was once limited to "database writes availability is 98%," for example, product-focused SLOs can show that those 2% of errors are causing 100% of "save email draft" steps to fail. The key requirement to turn aggregate availability metrics into accurate and actionable indicators of product performance is the ability to know what product functionality is supported by each request. Beyond simple observability needs, this request-level information can also be used in traffic routing and load shedding policies to ensure that lower priority functionality doesn't harm more mission critical features. While you can associate requests with product functionality in a number of ways, there are two main methods to consider: client-side annotation and server-side annotation. Annotation Description Use case Client-side annotation Update the user interface (web pages and mobile applications) to attach the user objective step metadata to the RPC requests sent to your backend services. This is technically challenging and requires your UI teams to help design and eventually own and maintain these annotations. Using client-side annotation offers the most accurate method of mapping what a user is trying to achieve with the interface they're using. The annotation is done on individual RPC requests and therefore has the highest fidelity. Server-side annotation Analyze the RPC requests that a backend server receives and infers what the user's objective step is. This method is necessary when it's too costly to modify the client, or when you don't own the client (like REST services). Server-side annotation is not as accurate as client-side annotation since a number of assumptions are needed for a server to infer which step a RPC request is serving. Table 7: Comparison of client-side and server-side annotation You likely won't be able to annotate all of your traffic. By following your product criticality guidelines, you can decide where the benefits are justified; you might annotate only the most critical user objectives. After you annotate an RPC request, your services will need to propagate the annotation throughout your infrastructure stack. Propagation helps you understand the user's objectives and their importance in many SRE tools and processes, including the following: Understanding issues and their impact by having the user objective steps in monitoring dashboards and application logs. Quickly determining which user objective is impacted by an issue, and therefore the severity of an incident. Identifying SLOs that only consider specific user objective steps and ignore less important requests like batch and test traffic. 4. Manage reliability Now that you've identified your stakeholders, user objectives and steps, the criticality definition, and your product SLOs, you are ready to support the product. We recommend that you start supporting a product or service on a small scale, for example, by onboarding a single objective or step with some SLOs, before iterating to expand your team's responsibility and scope. Supporting a product is an ongoing process that is repeated continually. At every stage of supporting a product, you will work with your stakeholders to determine trade-offs between the following areas of investment: Improve the metrics for the set of supported objectives to increase confidence that the objectives are meeting expectations. Expand the set of supported objectives to ensure all aspects of the product are meeting expectations. Address performance gaps highlighted by metrics produced by investment areas #1 and #2. Be sure to invest across all three areas. Not investing sufficiently in areas #1 and #2 can cause your team to miss targeting the most impactful issues in area #3. On the flipside, investing only in areas #1 and #2 won't result in any improvements that help the user and your organization's business goals. Use the information you gathered and produced during the key implementation steps to help your organization determine how much to invest in each of these areas. Onboarding Onboarding is the process in which an SRE team evaluates a product or service that they are going to assume responsibility for. This process usually involves learning about the product or service to adequately support it and ensuring that the product or service meets a set of requirements defined by the SRE team. Before an SRE team assumes responsibility for a product's user objectives and steps, the SRE team needs to define a formal onboarding process that ensures the following: The objective and steps are important enough. The steps are mapped to the services that they use, and are annotated within these services. The potential SLOs are identified and prioritized within the overall product priorities. The SLOs are stable, and supporting them would not pose an undue burden on the SRE team or the service owner. The SRE team drives this process, meets with the appropriate stakeholders, and works with product teams to resolve any deficiencies. Iterate After you complete the onboarding process for one objective and a subset of its steps, you can then iterate and improve your team's coverage in the following ways: Onboard more user objectives and steps. Refine the coverage of user objectives and steps that are already onboarded. Improve your tooling to better support the user objectives and steps. We recommend that, instead of trying to support every user objective, you set a threshold for the most important aspects of the product you're supporting. Likewise, we recommend that you decide which user objectives are instrumented with the more expensive SLO methodologies . Some user objectives might only require server-based SLOs, while others might benefit from client-side or end-to-end instrumentation. Finally, to determine where and when to invest in improved tooling, evaluate the sustainability of your support. Insufficient tooling results in scaling limits that overwhelm the SRE team with inefficient triaging, debugging, and mitigation efforts for the set of supported objectives. Offboarding To ensure that your team focuses on the right parts of the product, we recommend that your team periodically re-evaluate the user objectives, steps, and SLOs that your team supports. Some SLOs may become less important over time, and some user objectives may become obsolete. It is important to maintain a prioritized list of all the supported user objectives, steps, and SLOs. Use this list to verify that your team is spending time and resources on the most important areas. When items on the list are no longer important (or are much less important than unsupported items), consider offboarding them so that the SRE team can re-focus on the most important aspects of the product. Server support Your focus on the product must not come at the expense of the infrastructure fleet of servers that supports it. There is always a requirement to ensure that servers, and the services they provide, remain healthy. Ensuring server health is necessary regardless of how critical servers are to the product (you are, after all, spending resources to run them). The concept of providing baseline support emerged at Google before the idea of focusing on the product. Baseline support is essentially a set of standards and best practices that SREs define, which allow them to provide general support to any server without understanding the server's specific purpose. For example, baseline support can require certain libraries and frameworks to provide common functions like load balancing, inter-service communication (RPCs), or even minimal SLOs that are owned by the development team that's primarily responsible for the server. In this world, the platform rather than the SREs provide baseline reliability support, which frees SREs to focus on more impactful reliability improvements that aren't covered by basic policies. Additional support might be required for the most critical infrastructure, however, this is not a requirement. If SREs are primarily responsible for the most critical user objectives, significant failures in critical infrastructure will fail the product-level SLOs. Moreover, failures at the infrastructure level that do not impact the product SLOs will not alert SREs and can be handled by the development team that owns the service (like issues with unlaunched features and batch services that are not as critical). Focusing SREs support on product SLOs instead of focusing on services allows the SREs to support more of the product and align that support with what's most important to the product. When is the product reliability model a good fit? The product-focused support model isn't a good fit for all use cases. Before you implement this support model, we recommend that you assess the suitability of this model by ensuring that your project meets the following requirements. Clear roles and responsibilities This model requires a broader set of stakeholders than a traditional service-centric engagement. Whereas traditional, service-based SRE engagements are often scoped to engineering organizations, product-based engagements require interfacing with a larger set of roles (like PM and UX). Effectively engaging your stakeholders requires clear agreement about the ownership roles and responsibilities between these parties. Even a simple user action like loading a homepage means that someone must be able to define how slow is too slow, and how fast is fast enough. Without clear consensus about who is accountable for answering these questions, it is not possible to leverage the results as requirements to measure and manage the reliability of the product. User objective and step definitions As stated in Model the product , user objectives and step definitions are required to adopt the product-focused support model. SREs can try to retrofit and derive user objectives for an existing product, but without the support of the entire organization, many of the benefits of product-focused support will be lost. If the stakeholders who are responsible for making product decisions don't adopt and own the product definition, it will be inaccurate and will quickly become out of date. A product model that is owned and maintained by the right stakeholders is therefore a key requirement for the product support model. Easily maintainable servers Server support provides details about the server support that are necessary when following a product support model. A fundamental requirement is that individual servers must be relatively easy to support. This requires sufficient standards and common frameworks that allow development teams to deploy and maintain individual servers themselves, with SREs helping when necessary. If SREs spend most of their time supporting individual servers, they won't have the capacity to focus on product-level concerns. Clear connection to user-facing functionality Tracking user objectives and steps must be measured as close to the user as possible (for example, in the user interface or the servers that handle requests from the user interface) and is therefore more closely aligned with the servers at the entry points of the stack. Infrastructure servers that provide a service API that typically solves a specific problem might not be directly related to the user's objectives. For example, a data storage service might have a low-level API with simple load and store commands that aren't associated with specific user objectives. The following are options for applying a product support model to infrastructure servers: Option Description Treat infrastructure clients as users and define user objectives and steps for the infrastructure's API. This is the least desirable option because it is the same as having a product without user objectives . However, there might be situations in which the infrastructure itself can be viewed as a product. In these cases, though, the product decision-makers must define the product; this is not an SRE responsibility. Configure infrastructure clients to provide the user objective information based on user input from their end users. This option helps infrastructure teams in the following ways: Provides valuable information about the end user's goals. Helps infrastructure teams identify the RPC requests that are important to the end user. Do not adopt a product focus. Infrastructure services are defined by their service APIs, which might benefit from the traditional service support model. If the product support model offers benefits that you want to access, consider how you might achieve those benefits in other ways. Table 8: Options for applying a product support model to infrastructure servers Conclusion The product support model provides a framework for SRE teams to focus their support on what matters most to the users (a traditional SRE goal) and the business as a whole. This model aligns the SRE team with the rest of the organization and supports a common nomenclature and goals. The model solves a number of problems with the traditional service support model by helping SREs understand what's most important to the product, and by helping SREs use that knowledge to better cover the gaps in the service support model. Ultimately, the product support model lets the SRE team focus on the user to ensure that the product meets the end user's real-world needs. References [1] Ulwick, A.W. and Osterwalder, A. (2016). Jobs to be done : theory to practice. [online] Idea Bite Press. Available at: https://jobs-to-be-done-book.com/ [2] chang, austin (2017). What To Do If Your Product Isn't Growing. [online] Initialized Capital. Available at: https://medium.com/initialized-capital/what-to-do-if-your-product-isnt-growing-7eb9d158fc [3] Beyer, B., Jones, C., Petoff, J. and Murphy, N. (2016). Site reliability engineering : How Google runs production systems. Sebastopol, Ca: O'reilly Media. [4] Beyer, B., Murphy, N., Rensin, D.K., Kawahara, K. and Thorne, S. (2018). The site reliability workbook practical ways to implement SRE. Cambridge O'reilly. [5] Kalbach, J. (2020). The jobs to be done playbook : align your markets, organizations, and strategy around customer needs. New York: Two Waves Books. [6] Google Cloud. (n.d.). Incidents and the Google Cloud Service Health Dashboard | Support Documentation. [online] Available at: https://cloud.google.com/support/docs/dashboard#major_incident [Accessed 20 Apr. 2023]. [7] Wikipedia Contributors (2019). Responsibility Assignment Matrix. [online] Wikipedia. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Responsibility_assignment_matrix Follow us About Google Google products Privacy Terms Help | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.bitazza.freedom.wallet&hl=as | Freedom World - Apps on Google Play Games Apps Books Kids google_logo Play Games Apps Books Kids none search help_outline Sign in with Google play_apps Library & devices payment Payments & subscriptions reviews My Play activity redeem Offers Play Pass Personalization in Play settings Settings Privacy Policy • Terms of Service Games Apps Books Kids Freedom World Bitazza Company Limited 100K+ Downloads Rated for 3+ info Install Share Add to wishlist About this app arrow_forward Freedom World – Chat, Make Friends, Earn Points, and Redeem Real Rewards! Freedom World is an all-in-one community platform that lets you chat, connect, and make new friends easily through a user-friendly chat app. Enjoy a variety of fun missions to collect “Freedom Shards” and redeem them for real rewards – no extra cost. The more you engage, the more you get! One app, endless fun – community, games, and rewards in one place! Whether you're looking to chat, find friends with similar interests, or enjoy rewarding activities, Freedom World is the app for you! Join interest-based communities – finance, gaming, lifestyle, restaurants, top shops, and more – and easily connect and chat with new people through our smooth chat and social feed features. Plus, enjoy live streaming to keep up with real-time content and entertainment. Complete fun missions to collect Freedom Shards and exchange them for exclusive prizes – from in-app rewards to gift cards and real products. Every shard you earn has real value! 🎮 Battle on with “The Scape” – our strategy card game Fight, train your tactics, and collect shards to redeem rewards. Complete daily missions and start earning right away! 💡 Why choose Freedom World? ■ Make new friends – chat, play, and connect based on shared interests ■ Smooth, user-friendly chat and messaging system ■ Join communities that match your interests – from gaming and finance to lifestyle ■ Enjoy live streaming – stay updated with knowledge or entertainment in real time ■ Collect Freedom Shards and redeem real rewards – no hidden costs ■ Join branded missions and campaigns – the more you join, the more you earn 🎁 What kind of rewards can you get? Use the points you collect from chatting, playing games, or engaging with communities to redeem: ■ Gift cards from leading stores ■ Limited edition items ■ Discount codes ■ Everyday essentials ■ And many more rewards, updated regularly! Whether you're here to make friends, chat, share stories, or earn and redeem points – Freedom World has everything you need to have fun every day. Download now and start your shard-earning journey today! Updated on Nov 20, 2025 Social Data safety arrow_forward Safety starts with understanding how developers collect and share your data. Data privacy and security practices may vary based on your use, region, and age. The developer provided this information and may update it over time. No data shared with third parties Learn more about how developers declare sharing This app may collect these data types Personal info, Financial info, and App info and performance Data is encrypted in transit You can request that data be deleted See details What’s new Bug fixes and Improvements flag Flag as inappropriate App support expand_more public Website email Support email support@freedom.world shield Privacy Policy About the developer BITAZZA COMPANY LIMITED hamidreza.momeni@bitazza.com 2922/280 New Phetchaburi Road 24 Floor HUAI KHWANG 10310 Thailand +49 1590 1400651 Similar apps arrow_forward TCG Card Value Scanner - Shiny Shiny Cardboard LLC Ronin Wallet Sky Mavis Pte. Ltd. 4.0 star Wombat - Powered by PlayMind PlayMind 5.0 star Ledger Wallet™ crypto app Ledger 4.7 star Tykr: Confident Investing Tykr LLC Seeking Alpha: News & Analysis SeekingAlpha 4.6 star flag Flag as inappropriate Google Play Play Pass Play Points Gift cards Redeem Refund policy Kids & family Parent Guide Family sharing Terms of Service Privacy About Google Play Developers Google Store All prices include VAT. South Korea (English) 상호명: Google LLC. | 대표자: Sundar Pichai | 주소: 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, United States | 고객센터: 080-085-1500 (무료) / gpk-usersupport@google.com | 호스팅 서비스 제공: Google LLC. | 사업자정보 Google Play에 등록된 앱과 게임은 각 개발자가 제공하고 판매하는 것이며, Google LLC가 개발자로 표시된 앱과 게임 이외에 Play에 등록된 � | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/leadsquared-crm/?trk=products_details_guest_other_products_by_org_section_product_link_result-card_image-click | LeadSquared CRM | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn LeadSquared in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in LeadSquared CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software by LeadSquared See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About LeadSquared is a leading sales automation & CRM software built for high-velocity sales. It has helped 2000+ businesses of all sizes transform their sales processes through intelligent automation, activity tracking, and a simple mobile CRM that efficiently manages the complete field sales operations. With LeadSquared CRM, businesses can: • Eliminate lead leakage by capturing leads from all online and offline channels • Reduce response time by automating lead distribution to relevant salespeople • Qualify and prioritize leads based on their profile, actions, and behavior • Regiment the sales team by assigning them the next best step in the sales cycle • Ensure salespeople never miss a follow-up with task automation • Catch signals automatically from various channels to identify sales-ready leads • Track existing customers to identify up-sell/cross-sell opportunities • Monitor what matters the most, with customized and automated reporting • Boost the efficiency of all your field teams This product is intended for Customer Relationship Management Specialist Customer Relationship Management Manager Sales Manager Admissions Specialist Information Technology Manager Marketing Specialist Sales Specialist Media Products media viewer No more previous content Why choose LeadSquared for B2C Sales? There are multiple sales journeys, involving different channels, processes, teams, and touchpoints. LeadSquared connects them all – processes, distributed teams, and touchpoints – to give you one complete end-to-end sales execution platform – for your digital teams, call center agents, feet-on-street teams. LeadSquared cuts down all the noise that your teams constantly wade through and allows them just to focus on just their next task, enhancing their efficiency and helping them sell more. LeadSquared Enrolment CRM Experience better connection, better experiences, and faster enrolments with LeadSquared & give your teams a product they'll love. Convert inquiries into enrolments faster with automated workflows, intelligent lead insights, and enrolment signals for your admission team. Sign up for a free trial of LeadSquared at http://bit.ly/2QCx0Qm LeadSquared No more next content Featured customers of LeadSquared CRM Practo Hospitals and Health Care 141,137 followers Kotak Securities Capital Markets 244,248 followers Poonawalla Fincorp Financial Services 286,791 followers Similar products Sales Cloud Sales Cloud Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Zoho CRM Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Bigin by Zoho CRM Bigin by Zoho CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Experian DataShare Experian DataShare Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Odoo CRM Odoo CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Freshsales Freshsales Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less LeadSquared products Lead Management Lead Management Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Converse LeadSquared Converse Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Customer Portal LeadSquared Customer Portal Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Marketing Automation LeadSquared Marketing Automation Marketing Automation Software LeadSquared Mobile CRM LeadSquared Mobile CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Sales Execution CRM LeadSquared Sales Execution CRM Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software LeadSquared Sales Performance Suite LeadSquared Sales Performance Suite Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/mangoapps-inc-mangoapps/ | MangoApps | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn MangoApps in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in MangoApps Employee Communications Software by MangoApps See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About MangoApps is The Hub That Connects It All Unify your entire workforce, including frontline and desk workers, with an intelligent, AI-powered hub that seamlessly connects People, Knowledge, Tools & AI. From office to frontline, desktop to mobile, everything your teams need exactly when they need it. Explore Our Turnkey Solutions: *Unified Intranet & Employee App*: Transform how your teams find information and stay connected. Our modern intranet solution helps organizations overcome scattered communications and low engagement. *Frontline Operations Suite*: Empower your frontline workforce with mobile-first tools that streamline operations, ensure compliance, and boost productivity. *Enterprise AI Hub*: Scale AI across your organization while maintaining security and governance. Our Enterprise AI Hub helps teams automate routine tasks and unlock knowledge. Hundreds of enterprises use MangoApps to modernize communication, content, training & operations for their entire organization. Media Products media viewer No more previous content MangoApps Platform MangoApps is an all-in-one Employee Experience Platform that connects and engages your entire workforce. Enjoy a seamless blend of a modern intranet, engagement tools, and smart workflow apps in one central hub, streamlining communication and enhancing efficiency. 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Whether you're searching for specific documents or general information, our responsive search functionality ensures that as you type, exact matches are instantly highlighted in the dropdown, boosting efficiency with instant search precision. Unified Solutions for Empowering Every Employee With MangoApps, streamline your entire organizational ecosystem. Seamlessly onboard new team members, build robust connections across all levels, engage every employee from frontline to office, and digitize workflows for efficiency. Our platform supports each individual's unique journey, centralizing their experience in one integrated environment. No more next content Featured customers of MangoApps Andersen Corporation Building Materials 70,182 followers Andrews Distributing Wholesale Alcoholic Beverages 8,365 followers Mohegan Gambling Facilities and Casinos 15,318 followers AutoZone Retail 221,924 followers SRS Distribution Inc. 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https://www.linkedin.com/products/categories/idea-management-software | Best Idea Management Software | Products | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Clear text Used by Used by Director of Innovation (30) Innovation Manager (29) Head of Innovation (25) Chief Innovation Officer (22) Innovation Project Manager (12) See all products Find top products in Idea Management Software category Software used to collect, systemize, and refine ideas for business products and services. - Enable employees, customers, and stakeholders to submit suggestions - Create a centralized and categorized database of crowdsourced ideas - Provide mechanisms for collaboration, voting, and feedback on ideas - Track idea implementation and success metrics 151 results Aha! Ideas Idea Management Software by Aha! Aha! Ideas is the comprehensive idea management solution — crowdsource feedback, engage your community, and prioritize what drives revenue. View product Strategyzer Idea Management Software by Strategyzer Innovation Management Software - Design, test and validate business ideas - from the creators of the Business Model Canvas and Value Proposition Canvas. View product Minitab Engage Idea Management Software by Minitab The only solution designed to start, track, manage and share innovation and improvement initiatives from idea generation through execution. Foster the best ideas and encourage workforce engagement by inviting everyone in your organization to submit their ideas wherever and whenever they arise, using the fully customizable idea form. Streamline your process of vetting which ideas move forward to become projects. Select steering committees so the right people are notified, and action items don't get lost in a Friday afternoon barrage of emails. Map each step in your journey with the Minitab Engage project manager and a robust set of visual tools and forms that enable the execution of projects and commercialization of innovations throughout your organization. Track KPIs with dynamic dashboards - visualize key project metrics with dynamic, up-to-the-minute tracking of performance metrics of your program. View product Idea Management System Idea Management Software by Wakeb_Data In order to ensure the importance of the great role of all employees and employees of any entity we offer you the system "Idea" is a system that allows each employee to be more innovative and inspired and contributes to the progress of the organization through the sharing of ideas and suggestions View product Gigster Idea Management Software by Gigster Build world-class teams that deliver game-changing custom software with Gigster's innovation management solution. View product Find products trusted by professionals in your network See which products are used by connections in your network and those that share similar job titles Sign in to view full insights IDEAS WAY Idea Management Software by YOUXEL Technology IDEASWAY is a distinguished idea management platform, where amazing ideas are innovated, visualized, and collaborated over. Allow your users to submit their ideas and vote for the best ones. Easily collect, improve, and review ideas portfolios and execute selected ones. IDEASWAY... end-to-end the whole life cycle of idea management; starting from receiving and building the core idea submission, reviewing it, calling for a vote over it, managing discussions, reviewing the idea demand, and the interactions that happened since it has been presented, until accepting the idea and executing the idea implementation. 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http://git-scm.com/book/ko/v2/%EC%8B%9C%EC%9E%91%ED%95%98%EA%B8%B0-%EB%B2%84%EC%A0%84-%EA%B4%80%EB%A6%AC%EB%9E%80%3F | Git - 버전 관리란? About Trademark Learn Book Cheat Sheet Videos External Links Tools Command Line GUIs Hosting Reference Install Community This book is available in English . Full translation available in azərbaycan dili , български език , Deutsch , Español , فارسی , Français , Ελληνικά , 日本語 , 한국어 , Nederlands , Русский , Slovenščina , Tagalog , Українська , 简体中文 , Partial translations available in Čeština , Македонски , Polski , Српски , Ўзбекча , 繁體中文 , Translations started for Беларуская , Indonesian , Italiano , Bahasa Melayu , Português (Brasil) , Português (Portugal) , Svenska , Türkçe . The source of this book is hosted on GitHub. Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. Chapters ▾ 1. 시작하기 1.1 버전 관리란? 1.2 짧게 보는 Git의 역사 1.3 Git 기초 1.4 CLI 1.5 Git 설치 1.6 Git 최초 설정 1.7 도움말 보기 1.8 요약 2. Git의 기초 2.1 Git 저장소 만들기 2.2 수정하고 저장소에 저장하기 2.3 커밋 히스토리 조회하기 2.4 되돌리기 2.5 리모트 저장소 2.6 태그 2.7 Git Alias 2.8 요약 3. Git 브랜치 3.1 브랜치란 무엇인가 3.2 브랜치와 Merge 의 기초 3.3 브랜치 관리 3.4 브랜치 워크플로 3.5 리모트 브랜치 3.6 Rebase 하기 3.7 요약 4. Git 서버 4.1 프로토콜 4.2 서버에 Git 설치하기 4.3 SSH 공개키 만들기 4.4 서버 설정하기 4.5 Git 데몬 4.6 스마트 HTTP 4.7 GitWeb 4.8 GitLab 4.9 또 다른 선택지, 호스팅 4.10 요약 5. 분산 환경에서의 Git 5.1 분산 환경에서의 워크플로 5.2 프로젝트에 기여하기 5.3 프로젝트 관리하기 5.4 요약 6. GitHub 6.1 계정 만들고 설정하기 6.2 GitHub 프로젝트에 기여하기 6.3 GitHub 프로젝트 관리하기 6.4 Organization 관리하기 6.5 GitHub 스크립팅 6.6 요약 7. Git 도구 7.1 리비전 조회하기 7.2 대화형 명령 7.3 Stashing과 Cleaning 7.4 내 작업에 서명하기 7.5 검색 7.6 히스토리 단장하기 7.7 Reset 명확히 알고 가기 7.8 고급 Merge 7.9 Rerere 7.10 Git으로 버그 찾기 7.11 서브모듈 7.12 Bundle 7.13 Replace 7.14 Credential 저장소 7.15 요약 8. Git맞춤 8.1 Git 설정하기 8.2 Git Attributes 8.3 Git Hooks 8.4 정책 구현하기 8.5 요약 9. Git과 여타 버전 관리 시스템 9.1 Git: 범용 Client 9.2 Git으로 옮기기 9.3 요약 10. Git의 내부 10.1 Plumbing 명령과 Porcelain 명령 10.2 Git 개체 10.3 Git Refs 10.4 Packfile 10.5 Refspec 10.6 데이터 전송 프로토콜 10.7 운영 및 데이터 복구 10.8 환경변수 10.9 요약 A1. 부록 A: 다양한 환경에서 Git 사용하기 A1.1 GUI A1.2 Visual Studio A1.3 Eclipse A1.4 Bash A1.5 Zsh A1.6 Git in Powershell A1.7 요약 A2. 부록 B: 애플리케이션에 Git 넣기 A2.1 Git 명령어 A2.2 Libgit2 A2.3 JGit A2.4 go-git A3. 부록 C: Git 명령어 A3.1 설치와 설정 A3.2 프로젝트 가져오기와 생성하기 A3.3 스냅샷 다루기 A3.4 Branch와 Merge A3.5 공유하고 업데이트하기 A3.6 보기와 비교 A3.7 Debugging A3.8 Patch 하기 A3.9 Email A3.10 다른 버전 관리 시스템 A3.11 관리 A3.12 Plumbing 명령어 2nd Edition 1.1 시작하기 - 버전 관리란? 이 장에서 설명하는 것은 Git을 처음 접하는 사람에게 필요한 내용이다. 먼저 버전 관리 도구에 대한 이해와 Git을 설치하는 방법을 설명하고 마지막으로 Git 서버를 설정하고 사용하는 방법을 설명한다. 이 장을 다 읽고 나면 Git 탄생 배경, Git을 사용하는 이유, Git을 설정하고 사용하는 방법을 터득하게 될 것이다. 버전 관리란? “버전 관리” 는 무엇이고 우리는 왜 이것을 알아야 할까? 버전 관리 시스템은 파일 변화를 시간에 따라 기록했다가 나중에 특정 시점의 버전을 다시 꺼내올 수 있는 시스템이다. 이 책에서는 버전 관리하는 예제로 소프트웨어 소스 코드만 보여주지만, 실제로 거의 모든 컴퓨터 파일의 버전을 관리할 수 있다. 그래픽 디자이너나 웹 디자이너도 버전 관리 시스템(VCS - Version Control System)을 사용할 수 있다. VCS로 이미지나 레이아웃의 버전(변경 이력 혹은 수정 내용)을 관리하는 것은 매우 현명하다. VCS를 사용하면 각 파일을 이전 상태로 되돌릴 수 있고, 프로젝트를 통째로 이전 상태로 되돌릴 수 있고, 시간에 따라 수정 내용을 비교해 볼 수 있고, 누가 문제를 일으켰는지도 추적할 수 있고, 누가 언제 만들어낸 이슈인지도 알 수 있다. VCS를 사용하면 파일을 잃어버리거나 잘못 고쳤을 때도 쉽게 복구할 수 있다. 이런 모든 장점을 큰 노력 없이 이용할 수 있다. 로컬 버전 관리 많은 사람은 버전을 관리하기 위해 디렉토리로 파일을 복사하는 방법을 쓴다(똑똑한 사람이라면 디렉토리 이름에 시간을 넣을 거다). 이 방법은 간단하므로 자주 사용한다. 그렇지만, 정말 뭔가 잘못되기 쉽다. 작업하던 디렉토리를 지워버리거나, 실수로 파일을 잘못 고칠 수도 있고, 잘못 복사할 수도 있다. 이런 이유로 프로그래머들은 오래전에 로컬 VCS라는 걸 만들었다. 이 VCS는 아주 간단한 데이터베이스를 사용해서 파일의 변경 정보를 관리했다. 그림 1. 로컬 버전 관리. 많이 쓰는 VCS 도구 중에 RCS(Revision Control System)라고 부르는 것이 있는데 오늘날까지도 아직 많은 회사가 사용하고 있다. RCS는 기본적으로 Patch Set(파일에서 변경되는 부분)을 관리한다. 이 Patch Set은 특별한 형식의 파일로 저장한다. 그리고 일련의 Patch Set을 적용해서 모든 파일을 특정 시점으로 되돌릴 수 있다. 중앙집중식 버전 관리(CVCS) 프로젝트를 진행하다 보면 다른 개발자와 함께 작업해야 하는 경우가 많다. 이럴 때 생기는 문제를 해결하기 위해 CVCS(중앙집중식 VCS)가 개발됐다. CVS, Subversion, Perforce 같은 시스템은 파일을 관리하는 서버가 별도로 있고 클라이언트가 중앙 서버에서 파일을 받아서 사용(Checkout)한다. 수년 동안 이러한 시스템들이 많은 사랑을 받았다. 그림 2. 중앙집중식 버전 관리(CVCS). CVCS 환경은 로컬 VCS에 비해 장점이 많다. 모두 누가 무엇을 하고 있는지 알 수 있다. 관리자는 누가 무엇을 할지 꼼꼼하게 관리할 수 있다. 모든 클라이언트의 로컬 데이터베이스를 관리하는 것보다 VCS 하나를 관리하기가 훨씬 쉽다. 그러나 이 CVCS 환경은 몇 가지 치명적인 결점이 있다. 가장 대표적인 것이 중앙 서버에 발생한 문제다. 만약 서버가 한 시간 동안 다운되면 그동안 아무도 다른 사람과 협업할 수 없고 사람들이 하는 일을 백업할 방법도 없다. 그리고 중앙 데이터베이스가 있는 하드디스크에 문제가 생기면 프로젝트의 모든 히스토리를 잃는다. 물론 사람마다 하나씩 가진 스냅샷은 괜찮다. 로컬 VCS 시스템도 이와 비슷한 결점이 있고 이런 문제가 발생하면 모든 것을 잃는다. 분산 버전 관리 시스템 DVCS(분산 버전 관리 시스템)을 설명할 차례다. Git, Mecurial, Bazaar, Darcs 같은 DVCS에서의 클라이언트는 단순히 파일의 마지막 스냅샷을 Checkout 하지 않는다. 그냥 저장소를 히스토리와 더불어 전부 복제한다. 서버에 문제가 생기면 이 복제물로 다시 작업을 시작할 수 있다. 클라이언트 중에서 아무거나 골라도 서버를 복원할 수 있다. Clone은 모든 데이터를 가진 진정한 백업이다. 그림 3. 분산 버전 관리 시스템(DVCS). 게다가 대부분의 DVCS 환경에서는 리모트 저장소가 존재한다. 리모트 저장소가 많을 수도 있다. 그래서 사람들은 동시에 다양한 그룹과 다양한 방법으로 협업할 수 있다. 계층 모델 같은 중앙집중식 시스템으로는 할 수 없는 워크플로를 다양하게 사용할 수 있다. prev | next About this site Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. Git is a member of Software Freedom Conservancy | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/tencentglobal-tencent-cloud-automation-tools/?trk=products_seo_search | Tencent Cloud Automation Tools | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Tencent in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Tencent Cloud Automation Tools Build Automation Tools by Tencent See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About TencentCloud Automation Tools (TAT) is a native Ops and deployment tool for CVM and Lighthouse instances. It supports automatic remote operations for instance management, batch execution of commands (Shell, Powershell, Python), and common tasks such as running automated Ops scripts, polling, installing/uninstalling software, updating applications, and installing patches. Similar products ARM ARM Build Automation Tools Tenjin Enterprise Tenjin Enterprise Build Automation Tools ElectroNeek: RPA and AI Platform Reviews ElectroNeek: RPA and AI Platform Reviews Build Automation Tools Develocity Develocity Build Automation Tools M156AD Rugged Tablet (Big Screen) M156AD Rugged Tablet (Big Screen) Build Automation Tools Rappit Developer Rappit Developer Build Automation Tools Sign in to see more Show more Show less Tencent products Cloud Native Database TDSQL-C Cloud Native Database TDSQL-C Relational Database Management Systems Cloud Object Storage (COS) Cloud Object Storage (COS) Object Storage Software Cloud Virtual Machine (CVM) Cloud Virtual Machine (CVM) Server Virtualization Software Simple Email Service (SES) Simple Email Service (SES) Email Marketing Software Tencent Cloud Block Storage Tencent Cloud Block Storage Block Storage Software Tencent Cloud Instant Messaging (IM) Tencent Cloud Instant Messaging (IM) Cloud Communications Platforms Tencent Cloud Lighthouse Tencent Cloud Lighthouse Enterprise Cloud Platforms Tencent Effect SDK Tencent Effect SDK Software Development Kits (SDK) Tencent Real-Time Communication (TRTC) Tencent Real-Time Communication (TRTC) Live Streaming Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://git-scm.com/book/uz/v2/%d0%98%d1%88-%d0%b1%d0%be%d1%88%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%88%d0%b8-%d0%9a%d0%be%d0%bc%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b4%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b0%d1%80-%d1%81%d0%b0%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b8 | Git - Командалар сатри About Trademark Learn Book Cheat Sheet Videos External Links Tools Command Line GUIs Hosting Reference Install Community This book is available in English . Full translation available in azərbaycan dili , български език , Deutsch , Español , فارسی , Français , Ελληνικά , 日本語 , 한국어 , Nederlands , Русский , Slovenščina , Tagalog , Українська , 简体中文 , Partial translations available in Čeština , Македонски , Polski , Српски , Ўзбекча , 繁體中文 , Translations started for Беларуская , Indonesian , Italiano , Bahasa Melayu , Português (Brasil) , Português (Portugal) , Svenska , Türkçe . The source of this book is hosted on GitHub. Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. Chapters ▾ 1. Иш бошланиши 1.1 Талқинларни бошқариш ҳақида 1.2 Git нинг қисқача тарихи 1.3 Git асоси 1.4 Командалар сатри 1.5 Git ни ўрнатиш 1.6 Git да биринчи созлашлар 1.7 Қандай ёрдам олиш мумкин? 1.8 Хулосалар 2. Git асослари 2.1 Git омборини яратиш 2.2 Ўзгаришларни омборга ёзиш 2.3 Фиксирлашлар тарихини кўриш 2.4 Ўзгаришларни бекор қилиш 2.5 Узоқ масофадаги омборлар билан ишлаш 2.6 Тамғалаш 2.7 Git да таҳаллуслар 2.8 Хулоса 3. Git да тармоқланиш 3.1 Тармоқланиш ҳақида икки оғиз сўз 3.2 Тармоқланиш ва бирлашиш асослари 3.3 Тармоқларни бошқариш 3.4 Иш жараёнларини тармоқлаш 3.5 Узоқ масофадаги тармоқлар 3.6 Қайта асосланиш 3.7 Хулосалар 4. Git серверда 4.1 The Protocols 4.2 Getting Git on a Server 4.3 Sizning SSH ochiq (public) kalitingizni generatsiyalash 4.4 Setting Up the Server 4.5 Git Daemon 4.6 Smart HTTP 4.7 GitWeb 4.8 GitLab 4.9 Third Party Hosted Options 4.10 Хулосалар 5. Distributed Git 5.1 Distributed Workflows 5.2 Contributing to a Project 5.3 Maintaining a Project 5.4 Summary 6. GitHub 6.1 Account Setup and Configuration 6.2 Contributing to a Project 6.3 Maintaining a Project 6.4 Managing an organization 6.5 Scripting GitHub 6.6 Summary 7. Git Tools 7.1 Revision Selection 7.2 Interactive Staging 7.3 Stashing and Cleaning 7.4 Signing Your Work 7.5 Searching 7.6 Rewriting History 7.7 Reset Demystified 7.8 Advanced Merging 7.9 Rerere 7.10 Debugging with Git 7.11 Qism modullar (Submodule) 7.12 Bundling 7.13 Replace 7.14 Credential Storage 7.15 Summary 8. Customizing Git 8.1 Git Configuration 8.2 Git Attributes 8.3 Git Hooks 8.4 An Example Git-Enforced Policy 8.5 Summary 9. Git and Other Systems 9.1 Git as a Client 9.2 Migrating to Git 9.3 Summary 10. Git Internals 10.1 Plumbing and Porcelain 10.2 Git Objects 10.3 Git References 10.4 Packfiles 10.5 The Refspec 10.6 Transfer Protocols 10.7 Maintenance and Data Recovery 10.8 Environment Variables 10.9 Summary A1. Appendix A: Git in Other Environments A1.1 Graphical Interfaces A1.2 Git in Visual Studio A1.3 Git in Eclipse A1.4 Git in Bash A1.5 Git in Zsh A1.6 Git in Powershell A1.7 Summary A2. Appendix B: Embedding Git in your Applications A2.1 Command-line Git A2.2 Libgit2 A2.3 JGit A3. Appendix C: Git Commands A3.1 Setup and Config A3.2 Getting and Creating Projects A3.3 Basic Snapshotting A3.4 Branching and Merging A3.5 Sharing and Updating Projects A3.6 Inspection and Comparison A3.7 Debugging A3.8 Patching A3.9 Email A3.10 External Systems A3.11 Administration A3.12 Plumbing Commands 2nd Edition 1.4 Иш бошланиши - Командалар сатри Командалар сатри Git ни ишлатишни турли хил йўллари бор. Git нинг асоси бўлмиш командалар сатри интерфейсидан ташқари кўпгина у ёки бу даражадаги имкониятларга эга фойдаланувчи график интерфейсидан ҳам фойдаланиш мумкин. Ушбу китобда биз Git ни командалар сатрида ишлатамиз. Командалар сатри бу барча командаларни ишга тушира олиш имконини берувчи ягона жой. Бундай имкониятга GUI лар эга бўлмайди ва улар Git нинг баъзи бир функционал ишларинигина бажара олишади холос. Агар сиз командалар сатрида бирор амални бажаришни билсангиз эҳтимол уни GUI да ҳам қандай қилинишини билиб олишингиз мумкиндир, бироқ буни тескариси ҳар доим ҳам ундай эмас. Албатта GUI ни танлашингиз ўзингизни табингизга боғлиқ, аммо билиб қўйиш керак Git командалар сатрида ишлаш имкони Git ни ўрнатишингиз билан пайдо бўлади. Шунинг учун биз ўйлаймизки сиз Mac да терминални ва Windows да Powershell ни қандай очишни биласиз. Агар сизга биз бу ерда нималар ҳақида гапираётганимиз тушунарсиз бўлса у холда эҳтимол сиз китобда келтирилган мисолларни тушунишингиз учун бир мунча вақтга ушбу саволларни ўрганишга киришганингиз маъқулроқдир. prev | next About this site Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. Git is a member of Software Freedom Conservancy | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
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https://git-scm.com/book/ms/v2/Distributed-Git-Maintaining-a-Project | Git - Maintaining a Project About Trademark Learn Book Cheat Sheet Videos External Links Tools Command Line GUIs Hosting Reference Install Community This book is available in English . Full translation available in azərbaycan dili , български език , Deutsch , Español , فارسی , Français , Ελληνικά , 日本語 , 한국어 , Nederlands , Русский , Slovenščina , Tagalog , Українська , 简体中文 , Partial translations available in Čeština , Македонски , Polski , Српски , Ўзбекча , 繁體中文 , Translations started for Беларуская , Indonesian , Italiano , Bahasa Melayu , Português (Brasil) , Português (Portugal) , Svenska , Türkçe . The source of this book is hosted on GitHub. Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. Chapters ▾ 1. Getting Started 1.1 About Version Control 1.2 A Short History of Git 1.3 What is Git? 1.4 The Command Line 1.5 Installing Git 1.6 First-Time Git Setup 1.7 Getting Help 1.8 Summary 2. Git Basics 2.1 Getting a Git Repository 2.2 Recording Changes to the Repository 2.3 Viewing the Commit History 2.4 Undoing Things 2.5 Working with Remotes 2.6 Tagging 2.7 Git Aliases 2.8 Summary 3. Git Branching 3.1 Branches in a Nutshell 3.2 Basic Branching and Merging 3.3 Branch Management 3.4 Branching Workflows 3.5 Remote Branches 3.6 Rebasing 3.7 Summary 4. Git on the Server 4.1 The Protocols 4.2 Getting Git on a Server 4.3 Generating Your SSH Public Key 4.4 Setting Up the Server 4.5 Git Daemon 4.6 Smart HTTP 4.7 GitWeb 4.8 GitLab 4.9 Third Party Hosted Options 4.10 Summary 5. Distributed Git 5.1 Distributed Workflows 5.2 Contributing to a Project 5.3 Maintaining a Project 5.4 Summary 6. GitHub 6.1 Account Setup and Configuration 6.2 Contributing to a Project 6.3 Maintaining a Project 6.4 Managing an organization 6.5 Scripting GitHub 6.6 Summary 7. Git Tools 7.1 Revision Selection 7.2 Interactive Staging 7.3 Stashing and Cleaning 7.4 Signing Your Work 7.5 Searching 7.6 Rewriting History 7.7 Reset Demystified 7.8 Advanced Merging 7.9 Rerere 7.10 Debugging with Git 7.11 Submodules 7.12 Bundling 7.13 Replace 7.14 Credential Storage 7.15 Summary 8. Customizing Git 8.1 Git Configuration 8.2 Git Attributes 8.3 Git Hooks 8.4 An Example Git-Enforced Policy 8.5 Summary 9. Git and Other Systems 9.1 Git as a Client 9.2 Migrating to Git 9.3 Summary 10. Git Internals 10.1 Plumbing and Porcelain 10.2 Git Objects 10.3 Git References 10.4 Packfiles 10.5 The Refspec 10.6 Transfer Protocols 10.7 Maintenance and Data Recovery 10.8 Environment Variables 10.9 Summary A1. Appendix A: Git in Other Environments A1.1 Graphical Interfaces A1.2 Git in Visual Studio A1.3 Git in Visual Studio Code A1.4 Git in IntelliJ / PyCharm / WebStorm / PhpStorm / RubyMine A1.5 Git in Sublime Text A1.6 Git in Bash A1.7 Git in Zsh A1.8 Git in PowerShell A1.9 Summary A2. Appendix B: Embedding Git in your Applications A2.1 Command-line Git A2.2 Libgit2 A2.3 JGit A2.4 go-git A2.5 Dulwich A3. Appendix C: Git Commands A3.1 Setup and Config A3.2 Getting and Creating Projects A3.3 Basic Snapshotting A3.4 Branching and Merging A3.5 Sharing and Updating Projects A3.6 Inspection and Comparison A3.7 Debugging A3.8 Patching A3.9 Email A3.10 External Systems A3.11 Administration A3.12 Plumbing Commands 2nd Edition 5.3 Distributed Git - Maintaining a Project Maintaining a Project In addition to knowing how to contribute effectively to a project, you’ll likely need to know how to maintain one. This can consist of accepting and applying patches generated via format-patch and emailed to you, or integrating changes in remote branches for repositories you’ve added as remotes to your project. Whether you maintain a canonical repository or want to help by verifying or approving patches, you need to know how to accept work in a way that is clearest for other contributors and sustainable by you over the long run. Working in Topic Branches When you’re thinking of integrating new work, it’s generally a good idea to try it out in a topic branch — a temporary branch specifically made to try out that new work. This way, it’s easy to tweak a patch individually and leave it if it’s not working until you have time to come back to it. If you create a simple branch name based on the theme of the work you’re going to try, such as ruby_client or something similarly descriptive, you can easily remember it if you have to abandon it for a while and come back later. The maintainer of the Git project tends to namespace these branches as well — such as sc/ruby_client , where sc is short for the person who contributed the work. As you’ll remember, you can create the branch based off your master branch like this: $ git branch sc/ruby_client master Or, if you want to also switch to it immediately, you can use the checkout -b option: $ git checkout -b sc/ruby_client master Now you’re ready to add the contributed work that you received into this topic branch and determine if you want to merge it into your longer-term branches. Applying Patches from Email If you receive a patch over email that you need to integrate into your project, you need to apply the patch in your topic branch to evaluate it. There are two ways to apply an emailed patch: with git apply or with git am . Applying a Patch with apply If you received the patch from someone who generated it with git diff or some variation of the Unix diff command (which is not recommended; see the next section), you can apply it with the git apply command. Assuming you saved the patch at /tmp/patch-ruby-client.patch , you can apply the patch like this: $ git apply /tmp/patch-ruby-client.patch This modifies the files in your working directory. It’s almost identical to running a patch -p1 command to apply the patch, although it’s more paranoid and accepts fewer fuzzy matches than patch. It also handles file adds, deletes, and renames if they’re described in the git diff format, which patch won’t do. Finally, git apply is an “apply all or abort all” model where either everything is applied or nothing is, whereas patch can partially apply patchfiles, leaving your working directory in a weird state. git apply is overall much more conservative than patch . It won’t create a commit for you — after running it, you must stage and commit the changes introduced manually. You can also use git apply to see if a patch applies cleanly before you try actually applying it — you can run git apply --check with the patch: $ git apply --check 0001-see-if-this-helps-the-gem.patch error: patch failed: ticgit.gemspec:1 error: ticgit.gemspec: patch does not apply If there is no output, then the patch should apply cleanly. This command also exits with a non-zero status if the check fails, so you can use it in scripts if you want. Applying a Patch with am If the contributor is a Git user and was good enough to use the format-patch command to generate their patch, then your job is easier because the patch contains author information and a commit message for you. If you can, encourage your contributors to use format-patch instead of diff to generate patches for you. You should only have to use git apply for legacy patches and things like that. To apply a patch generated by format-patch , you use git am (the command is named am as it is used to "apply a series of patches from a mailbox"). Technically, git am is built to read an mbox file, which is a simple, plain-text format for storing one or more email messages in one text file. It looks something like this: From 330090432754092d704da8e76ca5c05c198e71a8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jessica Smith <jessica@example.com> Date: Sun, 6 Apr 2008 10:17:23 -0700 Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Add limit to log function Limit log functionality to the first 20 This is the beginning of the output of the git format-patch command that you saw in the previous section; it also represents a valid mbox email format. If someone has emailed you the patch properly using git send-email , and you download that into an mbox format, then you can point git am to that mbox file, and it will start applying all the patches it sees. If you run a mail client that can save several emails out in mbox format, you can save entire patch series into a file and then use git am to apply them one at a time. However, if someone uploaded a patch file generated via git format-patch to a ticketing system or something similar, you can save the file locally and then pass that file saved on your disk to git am to apply it: $ git am 0001-limit-log-function.patch Applying: Add limit to log function You can see that it applied cleanly and automatically created the new commit for you. The author information is taken from the email’s From and Date headers, and the message of the commit is taken from the Subject and body (before the patch) of the email. For example, if this patch was applied from the mbox example above, the commit generated would look something like this: $ git log --pretty=fuller -1 commit 6c5e70b984a60b3cecd395edd5b48a7575bf58e0 Author: Jessica Smith <jessica@example.com> AuthorDate: Sun Apr 6 10:17:23 2008 -0700 Commit: Scott Chacon <schacon@gmail.com> CommitDate: Thu Apr 9 09:19:06 2009 -0700 Add limit to log function Limit log functionality to the first 20 The Commit information indicates the person who applied the patch and the time it was applied. The Author information is the individual who originally created the patch and when it was originally created. But it’s possible that the patch won’t apply cleanly. Perhaps your main branch has diverged too far from the branch the patch was built from, or the patch depends on another patch you haven’t applied yet. In that case, the git am process will fail and ask you what you want to do: $ git am 0001-see-if-this-helps-the-gem.patch Applying: See if this helps the gem error: patch failed: ticgit.gemspec:1 error: ticgit.gemspec: patch does not apply Patch failed at 0001. When you have resolved this problem run "git am --resolved". If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run "git am --skip". To restore the original branch and stop patching run "git am --abort". This command puts conflict markers in any files it has issues with, much like a conflicted merge or rebase operation. You solve this issue much the same way — edit the file to resolve the conflict, stage the new file, and then run git am --resolved to continue to the next patch: $ (fix the file) $ git add ticgit.gemspec $ git am --resolved Applying: See if this helps the gem If you want Git to try a bit more intelligently to resolve the conflict, you can pass a -3 option to it, which makes Git attempt a three-way merge. This option isn’t on by default because it doesn’t work if the commit the patch says it was based on isn’t in your repository. If you do have that commit — if the patch was based on a public commit — then the -3 option is generally much smarter about applying a conflicting patch: $ git am -3 0001-see-if-this-helps-the-gem.patch Applying: See if this helps the gem error: patch failed: ticgit.gemspec:1 error: ticgit.gemspec: patch does not apply Using index info to reconstruct a base tree... Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge... No changes -- Patch already applied. In this case, without the -3 option the patch would have been considered as a conflict. Since the -3 option was used the patch applied cleanly. If you’re applying a number of patches from an mbox, you can also run the am command in interactive mode, which stops at each patch it finds and asks if you want to apply it: $ git am -3 -i mbox Commit Body is: -------------------------- See if this helps the gem -------------------------- Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all This is nice if you have a number of patches saved, because you can view the patch first if you don’t remember what it is, or not apply the patch if you’ve already done so. When all the patches for your topic are applied and committed into your branch, you can choose whether and how to integrate them into a longer-running branch. Checking Out Remote Branches If your contribution came from a Git user who set up their own repository, pushed a number of changes into it, and then sent you the URL to the repository and the name of the remote branch the changes are in, you can add them as a remote and do merges locally. For instance, if Jessica sends you an email saying that she has a great new feature in the ruby-client branch of her repository, you can test it by adding the remote and checking out that branch locally: $ git remote add jessica git://github.com/jessica/myproject.git $ git fetch jessica $ git checkout -b rubyclient jessica/ruby-client If she emails you again later with another branch containing another great feature, you could directly fetch and checkout because you already have the remote setup. This is most useful if you’re working with a person consistently. If someone only has a single patch to contribute once in a while, then accepting it over email may be less time consuming than requiring everyone to run their own server and having to continually add and remove remotes to get a few patches. You’re also unlikely to want to have hundreds of remotes, each for someone who contributes only a patch or two. However, scripts and hosted services may make this easier — it depends largely on how you develop and how your contributors develop. The other advantage of this approach is that you get the history of the commits as well. Although you may have legitimate merge issues, you know where in your history their work is based; a proper three-way merge is the default rather than having to supply a -3 and hope the patch was generated off a public commit to which you have access. If you aren’t working with a person consistently but still want to pull from them in this way, you can provide the URL of the remote repository to the git pull command. This does a one-time pull and doesn’t save the URL as a remote reference: $ git pull https://github.com/onetimeguy/project From https://github.com/onetimeguy/project * branch HEAD -> FETCH_HEAD Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy. Determining What Is Introduced Now you have a topic branch that contains contributed work. At this point, you can determine what you’d like to do with it. This section revisits a couple of commands so you can see how you can use them to review exactly what you’ll be introducing if you merge this into your main branch. It’s often helpful to get a review of all the commits that are in this branch but that aren’t in your master branch. You can exclude commits in the master branch by adding the --not option before the branch name. This does the same thing as the master..contrib format that we used earlier. For example, if your contributor sends you two patches and you create a branch called contrib and applied those patches there, you can run this: $ git log contrib --not master commit 5b6235bd297351589efc4d73316f0a68d484f118 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gmail.com> Date: Fri Oct 24 09:53:59 2008 -0700 See if this helps the gem commit 7482e0d16d04bea79d0dba8988cc78df655f16a0 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gmail.com> Date: Mon Oct 22 19:38:36 2008 -0700 Update gemspec to hopefully work better To see what changes each commit introduces, remember that you can pass the -p option to git log and it will append the diff introduced to each commit. To see a full diff of what would happen if you were to merge this topic branch with another branch, you may have to use a weird trick to get the correct results. You may think to run this: $ git diff master This command gives you a diff, but it may be misleading. If your master branch has moved forward since you created the topic branch from it, then you’ll get seemingly strange results. This happens because Git directly compares the snapshots of the last commit of the topic branch you’re on and the snapshot of the last commit on the master branch. For example, if you’ve added a line in a file on the master branch, a direct comparison of the snapshots will look like the topic branch is going to remove that line. If master is a direct ancestor of your topic branch, this isn’t a problem; but if the two histories have diverged, the diff will look like you’re adding all the new stuff in your topic branch and removing everything unique to the master branch. What you really want to see are the changes added to the topic branch — the work you’ll introduce if you merge this branch with master . You do that by having Git compare the last commit on your topic branch with the first common ancestor it has with the master branch. Technically, you can do that by explicitly figuring out the common ancestor and then running your diff on it: $ git merge-base contrib master 36c7dba2c95e6bbb78dfa822519ecfec6e1ca649 $ git diff 36c7db or, more concisely: $ git diff $(git merge-base contrib master) However, neither of those is particularly convenient, so Git provides another shorthand for doing the same thing: the triple-dot syntax. In the context of the git diff command, you can put three periods after another branch to do a diff between the last commit of the branch you’re on and its common ancestor with another branch: $ git diff master...contrib This command shows you only the work your current topic branch has introduced since its common ancestor with master . That is a very useful syntax to remember. Integrating Contributed Work When all the work in your topic branch is ready to be integrated into a more mainline branch, the question is how to do it. Furthermore, what overall workflow do you want to use to maintain your project? You have a number of choices, so we’ll cover a few of them. Merging Workflows One basic workflow is to simply merge all that work directly into your master branch. In this scenario, you have a master branch that contains basically stable code. When you have work in a topic branch that you think you’ve completed, or work that someone else has contributed and you’ve verified, you merge it into your master branch, delete that just-merged topic branch, and repeat. For instance, if we have a repository with work in two branches named ruby_client and php_client that looks like History with several topic branches , and we merge ruby_client followed by php_client , your history will end up looking like After a topic branch merge . Figure 72. History with several topic branches Figure 73. After a topic branch merge That is probably the simplest workflow, but it can possibly be problematic if you’re dealing with larger or more stable projects where you want to be really careful about what you introduce. If you have a more important project, you might want to use a two-phase merge cycle. In this scenario, you have two long-running branches, master and develop , in which you determine that master is updated only when a very stable release is cut and all new code is integrated into the develop branch. You regularly push both of these branches to the public repository. Each time you have a new topic branch to merge in ( Before a topic branch merge ), you merge it into develop ( After a topic branch merge ); then, when you tag a release, you fast-forward master to wherever the now-stable develop branch is ( After a project release ). Figure 74. Before a topic branch merge Figure 75. After a topic branch merge Figure 76. After a project release This way, when people clone your project’s repository, they can either check out master to build the latest stable version and keep up to date on that easily, or they can check out develop , which is the more cutting-edge content. You can also extend this concept by having an integrate branch where all the work is merged together. Then, when the codebase on that branch is stable and passes tests, you merge it into a develop branch; and when that has proven itself stable for a while, you fast-forward your master branch. Large-Merging Workflows The Git project has four long-running branches: master , next , and seen (formerly 'pu' — proposed updates) for new work, and maint for maintenance backports. When new work is introduced by contributors, it’s collected into topic branches in the maintainer’s repository in a manner similar to what we’ve described (see Managing a complex series of parallel contributed topic branches ). At this point, the topics are evaluated to determine whether they’re safe and ready for consumption or whether they need more work. If they’re safe, they’re merged into next , and that branch is pushed up so everyone can try the topics integrated together. Figure 77. Managing a complex series of parallel contributed topic branches If the topics still need work, they’re merged into seen instead. When it’s determined that they’re totally stable, the topics are re-merged into master . The next and seen branches are then rebuilt from the master . This means master almost always moves forward, next is rebased occasionally, and seen is rebased even more often: Figure 78. Merging contributed topic branches into long-term integration branches When a topic branch has finally been merged into master , it’s removed from the repository. The Git project also has a maint branch that is forked off from the last release to provide backported patches in case a maintenance release is required. Thus, when you clone the Git repository, you have four branches that you can check out to evaluate the project in different stages of development, depending on how cutting edge you want to be or how you want to contribute; and the maintainer has a structured workflow to help them vet new contributions. The Git project’s workflow is specialized. To clearly understand this you could check out the Git Maintainer’s guide . Rebasing and Cherry-Picking Workflows Other maintainers prefer to rebase or cherry-pick contributed work on top of their master branch, rather than merging it in, to keep a mostly linear history. When you have work in a topic branch and have determined that you want to integrate it, you move to that branch and run the rebase command to rebuild the changes on top of your current master (or develop , and so on) branch. If that works well, you can fast-forward your master branch, and you’ll end up with a linear project history. The other way to move introduced work from one branch to another is to cherry-pick it. A cherry-pick in Git is like a rebase for a single commit. It takes the patch that was introduced in a commit and tries to reapply it on the branch you’re currently on. This is useful if you have a number of commits on a topic branch and you want to integrate only one of them, or if you only have one commit on a topic branch and you’d prefer to cherry-pick it rather than run rebase. For example, suppose you have a project that looks like this: Figure 79. Example history before a cherry-pick If you want to pull commit e43a6 into your master branch, you can run: $ git cherry-pick e43a6 Finished one cherry-pick. [master]: created a0a41a9: "More friendly message when locking the index fails." 3 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) This pulls the same change introduced in e43a6 , but you get a new commit SHA-1 value, because the date applied is different. Now your history looks like this: Figure 80. History after cherry-picking a commit on a topic branch Now you can remove your topic branch and drop the commits you didn’t want to pull in. Rerere If you’re doing lots of merging and rebasing, or you’re maintaining a long-lived topic branch, Git has a feature called “rerere” that can help. Rerere stands for “reuse recorded resolution” — it’s a way of shortcutting manual conflict resolution. When rerere is enabled, Git will keep a set of pre- and post-images from successful merges, and if it notices that there’s a conflict that looks exactly like one you’ve already fixed, it’ll just use the fix from last time, without bothering you with it. This feature comes in two parts: a configuration setting and a command. The configuration setting is rerere.enabled , and it’s handy enough to put in your global config: $ git config --global rerere.enabled true Now, whenever you do a merge that resolves conflicts, the resolution will be recorded in the cache in case you need it in the future. If you need to, you can interact with the rerere cache using the git rerere command. When it’s invoked alone, Git checks its database of resolutions and tries to find a match with any current merge conflicts and resolve them (although this is done automatically if rerere.enabled is set to true ). There are also subcommands to see what will be recorded, to erase specific resolution from the cache, and to clear the entire cache. We will cover rerere in more detail in Rerere . Tagging Your Releases When you’ve decided to cut a release, you’ll probably want to assign a tag so you can re-create that release at any point going forward. You can create a new tag as discussed in Git Basics . If you decide to sign the tag as the maintainer, the tagging may look something like this: $ git tag -s v1.5 -m 'my signed 1.5 tag' You need a passphrase to unlock the secret key for user: "Scott Chacon <schacon@gmail.com>" 1024-bit DSA key, ID F721C45A, created 2009-02-09 If you do sign your tags, you may have the problem of distributing the public PGP key used to sign your tags. The maintainer of the Git project has solved this issue by including their public key as a blob in the repository and then adding a tag that points directly to that content. To do this, you can figure out which key you want by running gpg --list-keys : $ gpg --list-keys /Users/schacon/.gnupg/pubring.gpg --------------------------------- pub 1024D/F721C45A 2009-02-09 [expires: 2010-02-09] uid Scott Chacon <schacon@gmail.com> sub 2048g/45D02282 2009-02-09 [expires: 2010-02-09] Then, you can directly import the key into the Git database by exporting it and piping that through git hash-object , which writes a new blob with those contents into Git and gives you back the SHA-1 of the blob: $ gpg -a --export F721C45A | git hash-object -w --stdin 659ef797d181633c87ec71ac3f9ba29fe5775b92 Now that you have the contents of your key in Git, you can create a tag that points directly to it by specifying the new SHA-1 value that the hash-object command gave you: $ git tag -a maintainer-pgp-pub 659ef797d181633c87ec71ac3f9ba29fe5775b92 If you run git push --tags , the maintainer-pgp-pub tag will be shared with everyone. If anyone wants to verify a tag, they can directly import your PGP key by pulling the blob directly out of the database and importing it into GPG: $ git show maintainer-pgp-pub | gpg --import They can use that key to verify all your signed tags. Also, if you include instructions in the tag message, running git show <tag> will let you give the end user more specific instructions about tag verification. Generating a Build Number Because Git doesn’t have monotonically increasing numbers like 'v123' or the equivalent to go with each commit, if you want to have a human-readable name to go with a commit, you can run git describe on that commit. In response, Git generates a string consisting of the name of the most recent tag earlier than that commit, followed by the number of commits since that tag, followed finally by a partial SHA-1 value of the commit being described (prefixed with the letter "g" meaning Git): $ git describe master v1.6.2-rc1-20-g8c5b85c This way, you can export a snapshot or build and name it something understandable to people. In fact, if you build Git from source code cloned from the Git repository, git --version gives you something that looks like this. If you’re describing a commit that you have directly tagged, it gives you simply the tag name. By default, the git describe command requires annotated tags (tags created with the -a or -s flag); if you want to take advantage of lightweight (non-annotated) tags as well, add the --tags option to the command. You can also use this string as the target of a git checkout or git show command, although it relies on the abbreviated SHA-1 value at the end, so it may not be valid forever. For instance, the Linux kernel recently jumped from 8 to 10 characters to ensure SHA-1 object uniqueness, so older git describe output names were invalidated. Preparing a Release Now you want to release a build. One of the things you’ll want to do is create an archive of the latest snapshot of your code for those poor souls who don’t use Git. The command to do this is git archive : $ git archive master --prefix='project/' | gzip > `git describe master`.tar.gz $ ls *.tar.gz v1.6.2-rc1-20-g8c5b85c.tar.gz If someone opens that tarball, they get the latest snapshot of your project under a project directory. You can also create a zip archive in much the same way, but by passing the --format=zip option to git archive : $ git archive master --prefix='project/' --format=zip > `git describe master`.zip You now have a nice tarball and a zip archive of your project release that you can upload to your website or email to people. The Shortlog It’s time to email your mailing list of people who want to know what’s happening in your project. A nice way of quickly getting a sort of changelog of what has been added to your project since your last release or email is to use the git shortlog command. It summarizes all the commits in the range you give it; for example, the following gives you a summary of all the commits since your last release, if your last release was named v1.0.1: $ git shortlog --no-merges master --not v1.0.1 Chris Wanstrath (6): Add support for annotated tags to Grit::Tag Add packed-refs annotated tag support. Add Grit::Commit#to_patch Update version and History.txt Remove stray `puts` Make ls_tree ignore nils Tom Preston-Werner (4): fix dates in history dynamic version method Version bump to 1.0.2 Regenerated gemspec for version 1.0.2 You get a clean summary of all the commits since v1.0.1, grouped by author, that you can email to your list. prev | next About this site Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. Git is a member of Software Freedom Conservancy | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/categories/build-automation-tools | Best Build Automation Tools | Products | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Clear text Used by Used by Software Engineer (9) Senior Software Engineer (3) Information Technology Manager (3) Chief Executive Officer (3) Ecommerce Marketing Manager (2) See all products Find top products in Build Automation Tools category Software used to compile source code into binary machine code with associated processes. - Use scripting language to coordinate and automate compilation processes - Automate binary code distribution, events, and testing - Leverage library of plugins and use build and source code management tools - Provide documentation and track build performance metrics 60 results Tencent Cloud Automation Tools Build Automation Tools by Tencent TencentCloud Automation Tools (TAT) is a native Ops and deployment tool for CVM and Lighthouse instances. 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ElectroNeek provides a wide range of exciting low-code automation tools based on RPA, IDP, AI and GPT-4 (Conversational and Generative) technologies. View product Develocity Build Automation Tools by Gradle Inc. Develocity provides comprehensive observability, build and test acceleration technologies, and rapid troubleshooting features for Apache #Maven, #Android Studio, #Bazel, #sbt, #npm, #Python, and #Gradle Build Tool. View product Find products trusted by professionals in your network See which products are used by connections in your network and those that share similar job titles Sign in to view full insights M156AD Rugged Tablet (Big Screen) Build Automation Tools by Winmate Inc. Designed for AIoT and factory automation, the M156 series rugged tablet is powered by the 12th Gen Intel® Alder Lake Processor, delivering high performance across industrial applications. The 15.6” FHD display with anti-glare technology ensures clear visibility in direct sunlight. 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View product Parabola Build Automation Tools by Parabola Transform complex data-based workflows into simple step-by-step processes with Parabola. Pull in data from any source you can imagine—from scattered spreadsheets and tools, to emails and PDFs—and build logic that replicates the manual work you do every day. Use our canvas to combine and transform your data, and surface the results to the right people at the right time so you can do more with the data you rely on. In the process, you’ll codify the steps for every workflow you manage so they become repeatable, shareable, and usable for the whole team. View product Edge AI Panel PC Build Automation Tools by Winmate Inc. Winmate’s Edge AI Panel PCs are transforming industrial automation with advanced GPU integration, enabling real-time control, AI-driven insights, and high-speed data processing. Equipped with NVIDIA and Intel GPUs, these devices enhance performance across industries, from manufacturing and logistics to healthcare. 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https://git-scm.com/book/tl/v2/Mga-Pangunahing-Kaalaman-sa-Git-Pagkuha-ng-Repositoryo-ng-Git | Git - Pagkuha ng Repositoryo ng Git About Trademark Learn Book Cheat Sheet Videos External Links Tools Command Line GUIs Hosting Reference Install Community This book is available in English . Full translation available in azərbaycan dili , български език , Deutsch , Español , فارسی , Français , Ελληνικά , 日本語 , 한국어 , Nederlands , Русский , Slovenščina , Tagalog , Українська , 简体中文 , Partial translations available in Čeština , Македонски , Polski , Српски , Ўзбекча , 繁體中文 , Translations started for Беларуская , Indonesian , Italiano , Bahasa Melayu , Português (Brasil) , Português (Portugal) , Svenska , Türkçe . The source of this book is hosted on GitHub. Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. Chapters ▾ 1. Pagsisimula 1.1 Tungkol sa Bersyon Kontrol 1.2 Isang Maikling Kasaysayan ng Git 1.3 Pangunahing Kaalaman sa Git 1.4 Ang Command Line 1.5 Pag-install ng Git 1.6 Unang Beses na Pag-Setup ng Git 1.7 Pagkuha ng Tulong 1.8 Buod 2. Mga Pangunahing Kaalaman sa Git 2.1 Pagkuha ng Repositoryo ng Git 2.2 Pagtatala ng mga Pagbabago sa Repositoryo 2.3 Pagtitingin sa Kasaysayan ng Commit 2.4 Pag-Undo ng mga Bagay 2.5 Paggawa gamit ang mga Remote 2.6 Pag-tag 2.7 Mga Alyas sa Git 2.8 Buod 3. Pag-branch ng Git 3.1 Mga Branch sa Maikling Salita 3.2 Batayan ng Pag-branch at Pag-merge 3.3 Pamamahala ng Branch 3.4 Mga Daloy ng Trabaho sa Pag-branch 3.5 Remote na mga Branch 3.6 Pag-rebase 3.7 Buod 4. Git sa Server 4.1 Ang Mga Protokol 4.2 Pagkuha ng Git sa isang Server 4.3 Ang paglikha ng iyong Pampublikong Susi ng SSH 4.4 Pag-Setup ng Server 4.5 Git Daemon 4.6 Smart HTTP 4.7 GitWeb 4.8 GitLab 4.9 Mga Opsyon ng Naka-host sa Third Party 4.10 Buod 5. Distributed Git 5.1 Distributed Workflows 5.2 Contributing to a Project 5.3 Maintaining a Project 5.4 Summary 6. GitHub 6.1 Pag-setup at pagsasaayos ng Account 6.2 Pag-aambag sa isang Proyekto 6.3 Pagpapanatili ng isang Proyekto 6.4 Pamamahala ng isang organisasyon 6.5 Pag-iiskrip sa GitHub 6.6 Buod 7. Mga Git na Kasangkapan 7.1 Pagpipili ng Rebisyon 7.2 Staging na Interactive 7.3 Pag-stash at Paglilinis 7.4 Pag-sign sa Iyong Trabaho 7.5 Paghahanap 7.6 Pagsulat muli ng Kasaysayan 7.7 Ang Reset Demystified 7.8 Advanced na Pag-merge 7.9 Ang Rerere 7.10 Pagdebug gamit ang Git 7.11 Mga Submodule 7.12 Pagbibigkis 7.13 Pagpapalit 7.14 Kredensyal na ImbakanCredential Storage 7.15 Buod 8. Pag-aangkop sa Sariling Pangangailagan ng Git 8.1 Kompigurasyon ng Git 8.2 Mga Katangian ng Git 8.3 Mga Hook ng Git 8.4 An Example Git-Enforced Policy 8.5 Buod 9. Ang Git at iba pang mga Sistema 9.1 Git bilang isang Kliyente 9.2 Paglilipat sa Git 9.3 Buod 10. Mga Panloob ng GIT 10.1 Plumbing and Porcelain 10.2 Git Objects 10.3 Git References 10.4 Packfiles 10.5 Ang Refspec 10.6 Transfer Protocols 10.7 Pagpapanatili At Pagbalik ng Datos 10.8 Mga Variable sa Kapaligiran 10.9 Buod A1. Appendix A: Git in Other Environments A1.1 Grapikal Interfaces A1.2 Git in Visual Studio A1.3 Git sa Eclipse A1.4 Git in Bash A1.5 Git in Zsh A1.6 Git sa Powershell A1.7 Summary A2. Appendix B: Pag-embed ng Git sa iyong Mga Aplikasyon A2.1 Command-line Git A2.2 Libgit2 A2.3 JGit A3. Appendix C: Mga Kautusan ng Git A3.1 Setup at Config A3.2 Pagkuha at Paglikha ng Mga Proyekto A3.3 Pangunahing Snapshotting A3.4 Branching at Merging A3.5 Pagbabahagi at Pagbabago ng mga Proyekto A3.6 Pagsisiyasat at Paghahambing A3.7 Debugging A3.8 Patching A3.9 Email A3.10 External Systems A3.11 Administration A3.12 Pagtutuberong mga Utos 2nd Edition 2.1 Mga Pangunahing Kaalaman sa Git - Pagkuha ng Repositoryo ng Git Kung ikaw ay makakabasa lang ng isang kabanata para makagamit ng Git, dapat ito ang basahin mo. Ang kabanatang ito ay sumasaklaw sa mga pangunahing command na kailangan mong gawin sa mga napakalawak na mga bagay-bagay na iyong paglaanan ng oras sa paggamit ng Git. Sa bandang huli ng kabanatang ito, dapat ay makaka-configure at makaka-initialize ka na ng isang repository, magsimula at magtigil sa pag-track ng mga files, at mag-stage at mag-commit ng mga pagbabago. Amin ding ipapakita sa iyo kung paano i-setup ang Git para isawalang bahala ang mga partikular na mga file at mga pattern ng file, kung paano mabilis at madaling ibalik sa dati ang mga pagkakamali, kung paano mag-browse ng kasaysayan ng iyong proyekto at magtingin sa mga pagbabago sa pagitan ng mga commit, at kung paano mag-push at mag-pull mula sa remote na mga repository. Pagkuha ng Repositoryo ng Git Karaniwan kang kumukuha ng repositoryo ng Git sa isa sa mga paraan: Maaari kang kumuha ng lokal na direktoryo na kasalukuyang hindi sa ilalim ng kontrol ng bersyon, at gawin itong isang repositoryo ng Git , o Maaari kang mag-clone sa isang umiiral na repositoryo ng Git na nagmula kung saan. Sa alinmang kaso, nagtapos ka ng isang repositoryo ng Git sa iyong lokal na makina, na handa para sa trabaho. Pinasimulan ang isang Repositoryo sa isang Umiiral na Direktoryo Kung ikaw ang mayroong isang direktoryo ng proyekto na kasalukuyang hindi sa ilalim ng kontrol ng bersyon at gusto mong simulan ang pagkontrol gamit ang Git, kailangan mo munang pumunta sa proyektong direktoryo na iyon. Kung hindi mo pa ito nagawa, mukhang may isang kaunting kaibahan depende kung anong sistema ang iyong pinatakbo: para sa Linux: $ cd /home/user/my_project para sa Mac: $ cd /Users/user/my_project para sa Windows: $ cd /c/user/my_project at i-type: $ git init Ito ay lumilikha ng isang bagong sub na direktoryo This creates a new subdirectory na pinangalanan na .git na naglalaman ng lahat ng iyong kinakailangan na mga file ng repositoryo — ang isang skeleton ng repositoryo ng Git. Sa puntong ito, wala sa iyong proyekto ang sinusubaybayan pa. (Tingnan ang Mga Panloob ng GIT para sa karagdagang impormasyon tungkol sa eksakto na kung anong mga file ang naglaman ng .git sa direktoryo na kagagawa mo lang.) Kung nais mong magsimula ng bersyon-pagkontrol sa umiiral na mga file (sa halip sa isang walang laman na direktoryo), dapat mong marahil magsimula sa pagsubaybay sa mga file na iyon at gawin ang paunang commit. Maaari mong maisasagawa na may ilang git add na mga utos na tumutukoy sa gusto mong subaybayan, na sinusundan ng isang git commit : $ git add *.c $ git add LICENSE $ git commit -m 'initial project version' Tatalakayin natin kung ano ang ginagawa ng mga utos na ito sa isang minuto lamang. Sa puntong ito, mayroong kang repositoryo ng Git na may sinusubaybayan na mga file at isang paunang commit. Gumawa ng Kopya sa isang Umiiral na Repositoryo Kung gusto mong kumuha ng isang kopya sa isang umiiral na repositoryo ng Git — halimbawa, isang proyekto na gusto mong mag-ambag sa — ang utos na iyong kakailanganin ay git clone . Kung ikaw ay pamilyar sa ibang VCS na mga sistema tulad ng Subversion, mapapansin mo na ang utos ay "clone" at hindi "checkout". Ito ay isang importanteng pagkakaiba — sa halip na kumuha lang ng isang gumaganang kopya, ang Git ay tumatanggap ng buong kopya na halos sa lahat ng datos na meron ang server. Bawat bersyon sa bawat file para sa kasaysayan ng proyekto ay hinihila pababa bilang default kapag ikaw ay nagpatakbo ng git clone . Sa makatuwid, kung ang iyong server disk ay ma-corrupt, maaari mong madalas gamitin ang anumang mga clone sa anumang client upang maibalik ang server sa estado na ito ay nai-clone (maaari kang mawalan ng ilang server-panig na mga hook at ganoon, pero lahat ng naka-bersyon na datos ay naroroon — tingnan ang Pagkuha ng Git sa isang Server para sa karagdagang mga detalye). I-clone mo ang isang repositoryo na may git clone <url> . Halimbawa, kung gusto mong i-clone ang Git linkable library na tinawag na libgit2 , magagawa mo ito tula nito: $ git clone https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2 Lumilikha iyang ng direktoryo na tinatawag na libgit2 , sinisimulan ng isang .git na direktoryo sa loob nito, hinihila ang lahat na datos para sa repositoryong iyon, at tinitingnan ang isang gumaganang kopya sa pinakabagong bersyon. Kung pupunta ka sa bago na libgit2 na direktoryo na nilikha lamang, makikita mo na ang mga file ng proyekto doon, ay handa nang magtrabaho o gamitin. Kung nais mong i-clone ang repositoryo If you want to clone the repository sa isang direktoryo na tinatawag na isang bagay maliban sa libgit2 , maaari kang tumukoy na ang susunod na command-line na opsyon: $ git clone https://github.com/libgit2/libgit2 mylibgit Ang utos na iyon ay gumagawa ng pareho tulad nong sa huli, pero ang target na direktoryo ay tinatawag na mylibgit . Ang Git ay mayroong numero sa ibang paglilipat na mga protocol na pwede mong gamitin. Ang nakaraang halimbawa ay gumagamit ng https:// na protocol, ngunit maaari mo ring makita sa git:// o user@server:path/to/repo.git , na ginagamit ang SSH transfer protocol. Pagkuha ng Git sa isang Server ipakilala ang lahat ng magagamit na mga opsyon na ang server ay maaaring mag-setup ng access sa iyong repositoryo ng Git at ang pros at cons ng bawat isa. prev | next About this site Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. Git is a member of Software Freedom Conservancy | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
http://git-scm.com/book/ko/v2/%EC%8B%9C%EC%9E%91%ED%95%98%EA%B8%B0-%EB%B2%84%EC%A0%84-%EA%B4%80%EB%A6%AC%EB%9E%80%3F | Git - 버전 관리란? About Trademark Learn Book Cheat Sheet Videos External Links Tools Command Line GUIs Hosting Reference Install Community This book is available in English . Full translation available in azərbaycan dili , български език , Deutsch , Español , فارسی , Français , Ελληνικά , 日本語 , 한국어 , Nederlands , Русский , Slovenščina , Tagalog , Українська , 简体中文 , Partial translations available in Čeština , Македонски , Polski , Српски , Ўзбекча , 繁體中文 , Translations started for Беларуская , Indonesian , Italiano , Bahasa Melayu , Português (Brasil) , Português (Portugal) , Svenska , Türkçe . The source of this book is hosted on GitHub. Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. Chapters ▾ 1. 시작하기 1.1 버전 관리란? 1.2 짧게 보는 Git의 역사 1.3 Git 기초 1.4 CLI 1.5 Git 설치 1.6 Git 최초 설정 1.7 도움말 보기 1.8 요약 2. Git의 기초 2.1 Git 저장소 만들기 2.2 수정하고 저장소에 저장하기 2.3 커밋 히스토리 조회하기 2.4 되돌리기 2.5 리모트 저장소 2.6 태그 2.7 Git Alias 2.8 요약 3. Git 브랜치 3.1 브랜치란 무엇인가 3.2 브랜치와 Merge 의 기초 3.3 브랜치 관리 3.4 브랜치 워크플로 3.5 리모트 브랜치 3.6 Rebase 하기 3.7 요약 4. Git 서버 4.1 프로토콜 4.2 서버에 Git 설치하기 4.3 SSH 공개키 만들기 4.4 서버 설정하기 4.5 Git 데몬 4.6 스마트 HTTP 4.7 GitWeb 4.8 GitLab 4.9 또 다른 선택지, 호스팅 4.10 요약 5. 분산 환경에서의 Git 5.1 분산 환경에서의 워크플로 5.2 프로젝트에 기여하기 5.3 프로젝트 관리하기 5.4 요약 6. GitHub 6.1 계정 만들고 설정하기 6.2 GitHub 프로젝트에 기여하기 6.3 GitHub 프로젝트 관리하기 6.4 Organization 관리하기 6.5 GitHub 스크립팅 6.6 요약 7. Git 도구 7.1 리비전 조회하기 7.2 대화형 명령 7.3 Stashing과 Cleaning 7.4 내 작업에 서명하기 7.5 검색 7.6 히스토리 단장하기 7.7 Reset 명확히 알고 가기 7.8 고급 Merge 7.9 Rerere 7.10 Git으로 버그 찾기 7.11 서브모듈 7.12 Bundle 7.13 Replace 7.14 Credential 저장소 7.15 요약 8. Git맞춤 8.1 Git 설정하기 8.2 Git Attributes 8.3 Git Hooks 8.4 정책 구현하기 8.5 요약 9. Git과 여타 버전 관리 시스템 9.1 Git: 범용 Client 9.2 Git으로 옮기기 9.3 요약 10. Git의 내부 10.1 Plumbing 명령과 Porcelain 명령 10.2 Git 개체 10.3 Git Refs 10.4 Packfile 10.5 Refspec 10.6 데이터 전송 프로토콜 10.7 운영 및 데이터 복구 10.8 환경변수 10.9 요약 A1. 부록 A: 다양한 환경에서 Git 사용하기 A1.1 GUI A1.2 Visual Studio A1.3 Eclipse A1.4 Bash A1.5 Zsh A1.6 Git in Powershell A1.7 요약 A2. 부록 B: 애플리케이션에 Git 넣기 A2.1 Git 명령어 A2.2 Libgit2 A2.3 JGit A2.4 go-git A3. 부록 C: Git 명령어 A3.1 설치와 설정 A3.2 프로젝트 가져오기와 생성하기 A3.3 스냅샷 다루기 A3.4 Branch와 Merge A3.5 공유하고 업데이트하기 A3.6 보기와 비교 A3.7 Debugging A3.8 Patch 하기 A3.9 Email A3.10 다른 버전 관리 시스템 A3.11 관리 A3.12 Plumbing 명령어 2nd Edition 1.1 시작하기 - 버전 관리란? 이 장에서 설명하는 것은 Git을 처음 접하는 사람에게 필요한 내용이다. 먼저 버전 관리 도구에 대한 이해와 Git을 설치하는 방법을 설명하고 마지막으로 Git 서버를 설정하고 사용하는 방법을 설명한다. 이 장을 다 읽고 나면 Git 탄생 배경, Git을 사용하는 이유, Git을 설정하고 사용하는 방법을 터득하게 될 것이다. 버전 관리란? “버전 관리” 는 무엇이고 우리는 왜 이것을 알아야 할까? 버전 관리 시스템은 파일 변화를 시간에 따라 기록했다가 나중에 특정 시점의 버전을 다시 꺼내올 수 있는 시스템이다. 이 책에서는 버전 관리하는 예제로 소프트웨어 소스 코드만 보여주지만, 실제로 거의 모든 컴퓨터 파일의 버전을 관리할 수 있다. 그래픽 디자이너나 웹 디자이너도 버전 관리 시스템(VCS - Version Control System)을 사용할 수 있다. VCS로 이미지나 레이아웃의 버전(변경 이력 혹은 수정 내용)을 관리하는 것은 매우 현명하다. VCS를 사용하면 각 파일을 이전 상태로 되돌릴 수 있고, 프로젝트를 통째로 이전 상태로 되돌릴 수 있고, 시간에 따라 수정 내용을 비교해 볼 수 있고, 누가 문제를 일으켰는지도 추적할 수 있고, 누가 언제 만들어낸 이슈인지도 알 수 있다. VCS를 사용하면 파일을 잃어버리거나 잘못 고쳤을 때도 쉽게 복구할 수 있다. 이런 모든 장점을 큰 노력 없이 이용할 수 있다. 로컬 버전 관리 많은 사람은 버전을 관리하기 위해 디렉토리로 파일을 복사하는 방법을 쓴다(똑똑한 사람이라면 디렉토리 이름에 시간을 넣을 거다). 이 방법은 간단하므로 자주 사용한다. 그렇지만, 정말 뭔가 잘못되기 쉽다. 작업하던 디렉토리를 지워버리거나, 실수로 파일을 잘못 고칠 수도 있고, 잘못 복사할 수도 있다. 이런 이유로 프로그래머들은 오래전에 로컬 VCS라는 걸 만들었다. 이 VCS는 아주 간단한 데이터베이스를 사용해서 파일의 변경 정보를 관리했다. 그림 1. 로컬 버전 관리. 많이 쓰는 VCS 도구 중에 RCS(Revision Control System)라고 부르는 것이 있는데 오늘날까지도 아직 많은 회사가 사용하고 있다. RCS는 기본적으로 Patch Set(파일에서 변경되는 부분)을 관리한다. 이 Patch Set은 특별한 형식의 파일로 저장한다. 그리고 일련의 Patch Set을 적용해서 모든 파일을 특정 시점으로 되돌릴 수 있다. 중앙집중식 버전 관리(CVCS) 프로젝트를 진행하다 보면 다른 개발자와 함께 작업해야 하는 경우가 많다. 이럴 때 생기는 문제를 해결하기 위해 CVCS(중앙집중식 VCS)가 개발됐다. CVS, Subversion, Perforce 같은 시스템은 파일을 관리하는 서버가 별도로 있고 클라이언트가 중앙 서버에서 파일을 받아서 사용(Checkout)한다. 수년 동안 이러한 시스템들이 많은 사랑을 받았다. 그림 2. 중앙집중식 버전 관리(CVCS). CVCS 환경은 로컬 VCS에 비해 장점이 많다. 모두 누가 무엇을 하고 있는지 알 수 있다. 관리자는 누가 무엇을 할지 꼼꼼하게 관리할 수 있다. 모든 클라이언트의 로컬 데이터베이스를 관리하는 것보다 VCS 하나를 관리하기가 훨씬 쉽다. 그러나 이 CVCS 환경은 몇 가지 치명적인 결점이 있다. 가장 대표적인 것이 중앙 서버에 발생한 문제다. 만약 서버가 한 시간 동안 다운되면 그동안 아무도 다른 사람과 협업할 수 없고 사람들이 하는 일을 백업할 방법도 없다. 그리고 중앙 데이터베이스가 있는 하드디스크에 문제가 생기면 프로젝트의 모든 히스토리를 잃는다. 물론 사람마다 하나씩 가진 스냅샷은 괜찮다. 로컬 VCS 시스템도 이와 비슷한 결점이 있고 이런 문제가 발생하면 모든 것을 잃는다. 분산 버전 관리 시스템 DVCS(분산 버전 관리 시스템)을 설명할 차례다. Git, Mecurial, Bazaar, Darcs 같은 DVCS에서의 클라이언트는 단순히 파일의 마지막 스냅샷을 Checkout 하지 않는다. 그냥 저장소를 히스토리와 더불어 전부 복제한다. 서버에 문제가 생기면 이 복제물로 다시 작업을 시작할 수 있다. 클라이언트 중에서 아무거나 골라도 서버를 복원할 수 있다. Clone은 모든 데이터를 가진 진정한 백업이다. 그림 3. 분산 버전 관리 시스템(DVCS). 게다가 대부분의 DVCS 환경에서는 리모트 저장소가 존재한다. 리모트 저장소가 많을 수도 있다. 그래서 사람들은 동시에 다양한 그룹과 다양한 방법으로 협업할 수 있다. 계층 모델 같은 중앙집중식 시스템으로는 할 수 없는 워크플로를 다양하게 사용할 수 있다. prev | next About this site Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. Git is a member of Software Freedom Conservancy | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
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Your Mighty Network can hold your entire digital world. Learn more Points & Recognitions Give your members points. They spend them by recognizing other members for being awesome. Community’s a game, and everyone wins. Learn more Badges Joined the community? You get a badge. Posted 20 times? You get a badge. Crushed that course? You get a badge. Everybody gets a badge! Learn more We don’t just have customers. We have believers. When it comes to the world’s most original and interesting thinkers, Mighty is the first and final word on community. Explore Case Studies Nothing has been as easy as Mighty—we love it Marie Forleo Nothing has been as easy as Mighty—we love it Marie Forleo Highly, highly, highly recommend Jefferson Fisher It was an instant YES Seth Godin We’re at $50M Tiffany Aliche I’m pumped for this community Dan Martell We crossed 7-figures in recurring revenue Ashley Fox Gina is SO good at teaching all of this Nathan Barry I keep raising the price because the value goes UP Luvvie Ajayi Jones I’m really excited to keep building on Mighty Melissa Urban Explore Case Studies We have a 90% retention rate, 65% of our members are annual members, and from one course alone in our app, we’ve generated over six figures. 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4.58 17.8855C4.58 17.8855 4.6 17.8855 4.6 17.8755C4.6 17.8655 4.6 17.8455 4.6 17.8355C4.55 17.8055 4.55 17.7955 4.55 17.7655C4.56 17.6955 4.59 17.6155 4.62 17.5455C4.63 17.5455 4.64 17.5455 4.65 17.5455C4.65 17.5455 4.66 17.5355 4.67 17.5255C4.74 17.4155 4.69 17.2955 4.65 17.2155C4.64 17.1955 4.62 17.1555 4.62 17.1455C4.68 17.1355 4.73 17.1455 4.77 17.1855C4.85 17.2655 4.88 17.4055 4.89 17.4555C4.89 17.4555 4.89 17.4755 4.89 17.4855C4.89 17.5055 4.9 17.5155 4.91 17.5255C4.86 17.5855 4.81 17.6455 4.79 17.7055C4.79 17.7055 4.79 17.7255 4.79 17.7355C4.79 17.7655 4.78 17.7955 4.79 17.8155C4.79 17.8255 4.81 17.8355 4.83 17.8355C4.83 17.8355 4.85 17.8255 4.85 17.8055C4.85 17.7855 4.84 17.7855 4.82 17.7855C4.82 17.7855 4.82 17.7555 4.82 17.7455C4.82 17.7355 4.82 17.7155 4.82 17.7155C4.84 17.6655 4.88 17.6055 4.93 17.5455C4.93 17.5455 4.96 17.5455 4.96 17.5255C4.96 17.5255 4.96 17.5055 4.96 17.4955C4.96 17.4855 4.96 17.4655 4.96 17.4555C4.96 17.4455 4.96 17.4355 4.96 17.4255C4.96 17.4255 4.96 17.4255 4.97 17.4255C5 17.4355 4.99 17.5755 4.99 17.6355C4.99 17.7155 4.99 17.7655 5.01 17.8055C5.01 17.8155 5.03 17.8255 5.05 17.8255C5.05 17.8255 5.06 17.8255 5.07 17.8255C5.14 17.8255 5.19 17.7555 5.23 17.7055C5.26 17.6655 5.28 17.6355 5.31 17.6255C5.33 17.6755 5.35 17.7555 5.34 17.8555C5.34 17.9855 5.29 18.0955 5.22 18.1555C5.21 18.1655 5.2 18.1855 5.2 18.1955C5.2 18.2155 5.2 18.2255 5.22 18.2355C5.36 18.3655 5.47 18.5055 5.48 18.5455C5.48 18.5655 5.49 18.5855 5.51 18.5955C5.55 18.6155 5.59 18.6155 5.61 18.6155C5.61 18.6155 5.61 18.6155 5.62 18.6355C5.6 18.6955 5.5 18.7855 5.43 18.8455C5.4 18.8755 5.38 18.8955 5.35 18.9155C5.32 18.8555 5.3 18.7955 5.24 18.7555C5.2 18.7155 5.15 18.7155 5.1 18.7255C5.1 18.6755 5.12 18.6455 5.18 18.6055C5.2 18.6055 5.25 18.6055 5.31 18.6655C5.31 18.6655 5.33 18.6655 5.34 18.6655C5.34 18.6655 5.35 18.6455 5.35 18.6355C5.32 18.5255 5.27 18.4455 5.19 18.3855C5.18 18.3855 5.16 18.3855 5.15 18.3855C5.15 18.3955 5.15 18.4155 5.15 18.4255C5.2 18.4655 5.24 18.5155 5.26 18.5755C5.23 18.5555 5.19 18.5455 5.16 18.5455C5.16 18.5455 5.16 18.5455 5.15 18.5455C5.04 18.5955 5.03 18.6655 5.03 18.7355C5.03 18.7355 5.03 18.7455 5.03 18.7555C5.03 18.7655 5.04 18.7555 5.05 18.7555H5.07C5.07 18.7555 5.16 18.7555 5.18 18.7755C5.23 18.8155 5.26 18.8655 5.28 18.9155C5.28 18.9155 5.28 18.9255 5.29 18.9355C5.29 18.9355 5.28 18.9455 5.27 18.9555C5.27 18.9555 5.27 18.9655 5.27 18.9755C5.26 19.0455 5.26 19.0755 5.27 19.1055C5.29 19.1355 5.32 19.1355 5.33 19.1355C5.33 19.1355 5.35 19.1355 5.36 19.1355C5.42 19.1555 5.47 19.1155 5.49 19.0955C5.49 19.0955 5.49 19.0955 5.5 19.0855C5.52 19.1255 5.51 19.1755 5.5 19.2155C5.47 19.2655 5.43 19.3055 5.41 19.3255C5.39 19.3255 5.37 19.3255 5.35 19.3255C5.33 19.3455 5.32 19.3655 5.33 19.3955C5.33 19.4155 5.36 19.4355 5.38 19.4455C5.46 19.4955 5.56 19.4755 5.64 19.3955C5.69 19.3555 5.73 19.2855 5.76 19.2155C5.76 19.2255 5.76 19.2455 5.75 19.2555C5.7 19.4255 5.6 19.5755 5.51 19.5955C5.47 19.6155 5.44 19.6155 5.42 19.6055C5.41 19.6055 5.38 19.6055 5.37 19.6055C5.31 19.5355 5.26 19.4555 5.22 19.3755C5.18 19.3055 5.13 19.2255 5.08 19.1555C5.08 19.1355 5.1 19.1355 5.12 19.1355C5.15 19.1355 5.19 19.1355 5.22 19.0755C5.22 19.0755 5.22 19.0555 5.22 19.0455V19.0255C5.22 19.0255 5.15 18.9355 5.08 18.9055C5.07 18.9055 5.05 18.9055 5.05 18.9155C5.05 18.9255 5.05 18.9455 5.07 18.9455C5.12 18.9655 5.15 19.0055 5.17 19.0455C5.17 19.0455 5.14 19.0755 5.11 19.0755C5.08 19.0755 5.04 19.0755 5.02 19.1555C5.02 19.1555 5.02 19.1655 5.02 19.1755C5.08 19.2455 5.12 19.3255 5.17 19.4055C5.17 19.4155 5.19 19.4355 5.2 19.4455C5.13 19.4255 5.06 19.4055 4.95 19.5255C4.95 19.5355 4.95 19.5555 4.95 19.5655C4.95 19.5655 4.96 19.5655 4.97 19.5655C4.97 19.5655 4.98 19.5655 4.99 19.5655C5.07 19.4755 5.12 19.4855 5.19 19.4955C5.21 19.4955 5.23 19.4955 5.25 19.5055C5.28 19.5455 5.3 19.5955 5.34 19.6355C5.34 19.6355 5.32 19.6555 5.32 19.6655C5.32 19.6655 5.32 19.7655 5.33 19.8555C5.27 19.8555 5.21 19.7955 5.16 19.7255H5.15C5.15 19.7255 5.13 19.7055 5.12 19.7055C5.12 19.7055 5.1 19.7155 5.1 19.7255C5.1 19.7555 5.1 19.7755 5.1 19.8055C5.1 19.9455 5.1 20.0855 5.24 20.1755C5.24 20.1755 5.25 20.1755 5.26 20.1755C5.37 20.1755 5.46 20.1155 5.53 20.0555C5.53 20.0555 5.53 20.0555 5.53 20.0655C5.53 20.0855 5.53 20.1255 5.54 20.1555C5.5 20.2855 5.4 20.3555 5.3 20.4355C5.24 20.3855 5.17 20.3355 5.06 20.2955V20.1455C5.06 20.1455 5.05 20.1155 5.03 20.1155C5.01 20.1155 5 20.1255 5 20.1455V20.3155C5 20.3155 5 20.3355 5.02 20.3355C5.15 20.3855 5.24 20.4455 5.31 20.4955C5.36 20.5855 5.37 20.6655 5.37 20.7655V20.7955C5.38 21.0155 5.29 21.0255 5.16 21.0455H5.12C5.12 21.0455 5.18 20.9255 5.16 20.8455C5.12 20.6755 5.04 20.6055 4.93 20.6155C4.93 20.5855 4.92 20.5455 4.91 20.5055C4.9 20.4555 4.88 20.3955 4.87 20.3355C4.87 20.2555 4.89 20.1855 4.91 20.1255C4.93 20.0355 4.96 19.9355 4.95 19.8355C4.95 19.8255 4.94 19.8155 4.92 19.8155C4.91 19.8155 4.9 19.8255 4.9 19.8455C4.9 19.9455 4.88 20.0355 4.86 20.1255C4.84 20.1955 | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/aha-labs-inc--aha-ideas/?trk=products_details_guest_other_products_by_org_section_product_link_result-card_full-click#main-content | Aha! Ideas | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Aha! in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Aha! Ideas Idea Management Software by Aha! See who's skilled in this Add as skill Try now Report this product About Aha! Ideas is the comprehensive idea management solution — crowdsource feedback, engage your community, and prioritize what drives revenue. This product is intended for Product Manager Strategy Manager Director of Innovation Head of Innovation Director of Product Operations Vice President of Product Management Media Products media viewer No more previous content Getting started with Aha! Ideas This video provides an introductory tour of the Aha! Ideas product — you will see why it is the obvious choice for crowdsourcing feedback, engaging your community, and analyzing trends. Aha! Ideas - Centralize customer requests Empower your community to share feedback and vote for ideas. Create a custom-branded portal and invite unlimited users, giving all of your customers a voice. Aha! Ideas - Streamline your review process Efficiently review every single request. Use automation to track voting trends, assign ideas based on category, and keep customers informed of status. Aha! Ideas - Expand feedback channels Truly understand what your customers need and why. Choose from a variety of innovative research tools to gather qualitative and quantitative insights. No more next content Featured customers of Aha! Ideas Help.com Technology, Information and Internet 423 followers TIBCO Software Development 199,902 followers Webflow Software Development 266,192 followers LinkedIn Software Development 32,750,449 followers UST IT Services and IT Consulting 1,832,817 followers SimpleLegal, an Onit company Software Development 5,589 followers Similar products Strategyzer Strategyzer Idea Management Software Minitab Engage Minitab Engage Idea Management Software Idea Management System Idea Management System Idea Management Software Gigster Gigster Idea Management Software IDEAS WAY IDEAS WAY Idea Management Software Transformation Transformation Idea Management Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less Aha! products Aha! Academy Aha! Academy Product Management Software Aha! Develop Aha! Develop DevOps Software Aha! Discovery Aha! Discovery Product Management Software Aha! Knowledge Aha! Knowledge Knowledge Management Software Aha! Roadmaps Aha! Roadmaps Strategic Planning Software Aha! Teamwork Aha! Teamwork Project Management Software Aha! Whiteboards Aha! Whiteboards Whiteboard Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/tencentglobal-tencent-cloud-automation-tools/?trk=products_seo_search | Tencent Cloud Automation Tools | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Tencent in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Tencent Cloud Automation Tools Build Automation Tools by Tencent See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About TencentCloud Automation Tools (TAT) is a native Ops and deployment tool for CVM and Lighthouse instances. It supports automatic remote operations for instance management, batch execution of commands (Shell, Powershell, Python), and common tasks such as running automated Ops scripts, polling, installing/uninstalling software, updating applications, and installing patches. Similar products ARM ARM Build Automation Tools Tenjin Enterprise Tenjin Enterprise Build Automation Tools ElectroNeek: RPA and AI Platform Reviews ElectroNeek: RPA and AI Platform Reviews Build Automation Tools Develocity Develocity Build Automation Tools M156AD Rugged Tablet (Big Screen) M156AD Rugged Tablet (Big Screen) Build Automation Tools Rappit Developer Rappit Developer Build Automation Tools Sign in to see more Show more Show less Tencent products Cloud Native Database TDSQL-C Cloud Native Database TDSQL-C Relational Database Management Systems Cloud Object Storage (COS) Cloud Object Storage (COS) Object Storage Software Cloud Virtual Machine (CVM) Cloud Virtual Machine (CVM) Server Virtualization Software Simple Email Service (SES) Simple Email Service (SES) Email Marketing Software Tencent Cloud Block Storage Tencent Cloud Block Storage Block Storage Software Tencent Cloud Instant Messaging (IM) Tencent Cloud Instant Messaging (IM) Cloud Communications Platforms Tencent Cloud Lighthouse Tencent Cloud Lighthouse Enterprise Cloud Platforms Tencent Effect SDK Tencent Effect SDK Software Development Kits (SDK) Tencent Real-Time Communication (TRTC) Tencent Real-Time Communication (TRTC) Live Streaming Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://git-scm.com/book/zh/v2/Git-%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80-%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%e6%8f%90%e4%ba%a4%e5%8e%86%e5%8f%b2 | Git - 查看提交历史 About Trademark Learn Book Cheat Sheet Videos External Links Tools Command Line GUIs Hosting Reference Install Community This book is available in English . Full translation available in azərbaycan dili , български език , Deutsch , Español , فارسی , Français , Ελληνικά , 日本語 , 한국어 , Nederlands , Русский , Slovenščina , Tagalog , Українська , 简体中文 , Partial translations available in Čeština , Македонски , Polski , Српски , Ўзбекча , 繁體中文 , Translations started for Беларуская , Indonesian , Italiano , Bahasa Melayu , Português (Brasil) , Português (Portugal) , Svenska , Türkçe . The source of this book is hosted on GitHub. Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. Chapters ▾ 1. 起步 1.1 关于版本控制 1.2 Git 简史 1.3 Git 是什么？ 1.4 命令行 1.5 安装 Git 1.6 初次运行 Git 前的配置 1.7 获取帮助 1.8 总结 2. Git 基础 2.1 获取 Git 仓库 2.2 记录每次更新到仓库 2.3 查看提交历史 2.4 撤消操作 2.5 远程仓库的使用 2.6 打标签 2.7 Git 别名 2.8 总结 3. Git 分支 3.1 分支简介 3.2 分支的新建与合并 3.3 分支管理 3.4 分支开发工作流 3.5 远程分支 3.6 变基 3.7 总结 4. 服务器上的 Git 4.1 协议 4.2 在服务器上搭建 Git 4.3 生成 SSH 公钥 4.4 配置服务器 4.5 Git 守护进程 4.6 Smart HTTP 4.7 GitWeb 4.8 GitLab 4.9 第三方托管的选择 4.10 总结 5. 分布式 Git 5.1 分布式工作流程 5.2 向一个项目贡献 5.3 维护项目 5.4 总结 6. GitHub 6.1 账户的创建和配置 6.2 对项目做出贡献 6.3 维护项目 6.4 管理组织 6.5 脚本 GitHub 6.6 总结 7. Git 工具 7.1 选择修订版本 7.2 交互式暂存 7.3 贮藏与清理 7.4 签署工作 7.5 搜索 7.6 重写历史 7.7 重置揭密 7.8 高级合并 7.9 Rerere 7.10 使用 Git 调试 7.11 子模块 7.12 打包 7.13 替换 7.14 凭证存储 7.15 总结 8. 自定义 Git 8.1 配置 Git 8.2 Git 属性 8.3 Git 钩子 8.4 使用强制策略的一个例子 8.5 总结 9. Git 与其他系统 9.1 作为客户端的 Git 9.2 迁移到 Git 9.3 总结 10. Git 内部原理 10.1 底层命令与上层命令 10.2 Git 对象 10.3 Git 引用 10.4 包文件 10.5 引用规范 10.6 传输协议 10.7 维护与数据恢复 10.8 环境变量 10.9 总结 A1. 附录 A: 在其它环境中使用 Git A1.1 图形界面 A1.2 Visual Studio 中的 Git A1.3 Visual Studio Code 中的 Git A1.4 IntelliJ / PyCharm / WebStorm / PhpStorm / RubyMine 中的 Git A1.5 Sublime Text 中的 Git A1.6 Bash 中的 Git A1.7 Zsh 中的 Git A1.8 PowerShell 中的 Git A1.9 总结 A2. 附录 B: 在你的应用中嵌入 Git A2.1 命令行 Git 方式 A2.2 Libgit2 A2.3 JGit A2.4 go-git A2.5 Dulwich A3. 附录 C: Git 命令 A3.1 设置与配置 A3.2 获取与创建项目 A3.3 快照基础 A3.4 分支与合并 A3.5 项目分享与更新 A3.6 检查与比较 A3.7 调试 A3.8 补丁 A3.9 邮件 A3.10 外部系统 A3.11 管理 A3.12 底层命令 2nd Edition 2.3 Git 基础 - 查看提交历史 查看提交历史 在提交了若干更新，又或者克隆了某个项目之后，你也许想回顾下提交历史。 完成这个任务最简单而又有效的工具是 git log 命令。 我们使用一个非常简单的 "simplegit" 项目作为示例。 运行下面的命令获取该项目： $ git clone https://github.com/schacon/simplegit-progit 当你在此项目中运行 git log 命令时，可以看到下面的输出： $ git log commit ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Mon Mar 17 21:52:11 2008 -0700 changed the version number commit 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 16:40:33 2008 -0700 removed unnecessary test commit a11bef06a3f659402fe7563abf99ad00de2209e6 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 10:31:28 2008 -0700 first commit 不传入任何参数的默认情况下， git log 会按时间先后顺序列出所有的提交，最近的更新排在最上面。 正如你所看到的，这个命令会列出每个提交的 SHA-1 校验和、作者的名字和电子邮件地址、提交时间以及提交说明。 git log 有许多选项可以帮助你搜寻你所要找的提交， 下面我们会介绍几个最常用的选项。 其中一个比较有用的选项是 -p 或 --patch ，它会显示每次提交所引入的差异（按 补丁 的格式输出）。 你也可以限制显示的日志条目数量，例如使用 -2 选项来只显示最近的两次提交： $ git log -p -2 commit ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Mon Mar 17 21:52:11 2008 -0700 changed the version number diff --git a/Rakefile b/Rakefile index a874b73..8f94139 100644 --- a/Rakefile +++ b/Rakefile @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ require 'rake/gempackagetask' spec = Gem::Specification.new do |s| s.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY s.name = "simplegit" - s.version = "0.1.0" + s.version = "0.1.1" s.author = "Scott Chacon" s.email = "schacon@gee-mail.com" s.summary = "A simple gem for using Git in Ruby code." commit 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 16:40:33 2008 -0700 removed unnecessary test diff --git a/lib/simplegit.rb b/lib/simplegit.rb index a0a60ae..47c6340 100644 --- a/lib/simplegit.rb +++ b/lib/simplegit.rb @@ -18,8 +18,3 @@ class SimpleGit end end - -if $0 == __FILE__ - git = SimpleGit.new - puts git.show -end 该选项除了显示基本信息之外，还附带了每次提交的变化。 当进行代码审查，或者快速浏览某个搭档的提交所带来的变化的时候，这个参数就非常有用了。 你也可以为 git log 附带一系列的总结性选项。 比如你想看到每次提交的简略统计信息，可以使用 --stat 选项： $ git log --stat commit ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Mon Mar 17 21:52:11 2008 -0700 changed the version number Rakefile | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) commit 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 16:40:33 2008 -0700 removed unnecessary test lib/simplegit.rb | 5 ----- 1 file changed, 5 deletions(-) commit a11bef06a3f659402fe7563abf99ad00de2209e6 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 10:31:28 2008 -0700 first commit README | 6 ++++++ Rakefile | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++++ lib/simplegit.rb | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 54 insertions(+) 正如你所看到的， --stat 选项在每次提交的下面列出所有被修改过的文件、有多少文件被修改了以及被修改过的文件的哪些行被移除或是添加了。 在每次提交的最后还有一个总结。 另一个非常有用的选项是 --pretty 。 这个选项可以使用不同于默认格式的方式展示提交历史。 这个选项有一些内建的子选项供你使用。 比如 oneline 会将每个提交放在一行显示，在浏览大量的提交时非常有用。 另外还有 short ， full 和 fuller 选项，它们展示信息的格式基本一致，但是详尽程度不一： $ git log --pretty=oneline ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949 changed the version number 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7 removed unnecessary test a11bef06a3f659402fe7563abf99ad00de2209e6 first commit 最有意思的是 format ，可以定制记录的显示格式。 这样的输出对后期提取分析格外有用——因为你知道输出的格式不会随着 Git 的更新而发生改变： $ git log --pretty=format:"%h - %an, %ar : %s" ca82a6d - Scott Chacon, 6 years ago : changed the version number 085bb3b - Scott Chacon, 6 years ago : removed unnecessary test a11bef0 - Scott Chacon, 6 years ago : first commit git log --pretty=format 常用的选项 列出了 format 接受的常用格式占位符的写法及其代表的意义。 Table 1. git log --pretty=format 常用的选项 选项 说明 %H 提交的完整哈希值 %h 提交的简写哈希值 %T 树的完整哈希值 %t 树的简写哈希值 %P 父提交的完整哈希值 %p 父提交的简写哈希值 %an 作者名字 %ae 作者的电子邮件地址 %ad 作者修订日期（可以用 --date=选项 来定制格式） %ar 作者修订日期，按多久以前的方式显示 %cn 提交者的名字 %ce 提交者的电子邮件地址 %cd 提交日期 %cr 提交日期（距今多长时间） %s 提交说明 你一定奇怪 作者 和 提交者 之间究竟有何差别， 其实作者指的是实际作出修改的人，提交者指的是最后将此工作成果提交到仓库的人。 所以，当你为某个项目发布补丁，然后某个核心成员将你的补丁并入项目时，你就是作者，而那个核心成员就是提交者。 我们会在 分布式 Git 再详细介绍两者之间的细微差别。 当 oneline 或 format 与另一个 log 选项 --graph 结合使用时尤其有用。 这个选项添加了一些 ASCII 字符串来形象地展示你的分支、合并历史： $ git log --pretty=format:"%h %s" --graph * 2d3acf9 ignore errors from SIGCHLD on trap * 5e3ee11 Merge branch 'master' of git://github.com/dustin/grit |\ | * 420eac9 Added a method for getting the current branch. * | 30e367c timeout code and tests * | 5a09431 add timeout protection to grit * | e1193f8 support for heads with slashes in them |/ * d6016bc require time for xmlschema * 11d191e Merge branch 'defunkt' into local 这种输出类型会在我们下一章学完分支与合并以后变得更加有趣。 以上只是简单介绍了一些 git log 命令支持的选项。 git log 的常用选项 列出了我们目前涉及到的和没涉及到的选项，以及它们是如何影响 log 命令的输出的： Table 2. git log 的常用选项 选项 说明 -p 按补丁格式显示每个提交引入的差异。 --stat 显示每次提交的文件修改统计信息。 --shortstat 只显示 --stat 中最后的行数修改添加移除统计。 --name-only 仅在提交信息后显示已修改的文件清单。 --name-status 显示新增、修改、删除的文件清单。 --abbrev-commit 仅显示 SHA-1 校验和所有 40 个字符中的前几个字符。 --relative-date 使用较短的相对时间而不是完整格式显示日期（比如“2 weeks ago”）。 --graph 在日志旁以 ASCII 图形显示分支与合并历史。 --pretty 使用其他格式显示历史提交信息。可用的选项包括 oneline、short、full、fuller 和 format（用来定义自己的格式）。 --oneline --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit 合用的简写。 限制输出长度 除了定制输出格式的选项之外， git log 还有许多非常实用的限制输出长度的选项，也就是只输出一部分的提交。 之前你已经看到过 -2 选项了，它只会显示最近的两条提交， 实际上，你可以使用类似 -<n> 的选项，其中的 n 可以是任何整数，表示仅显示最近的 n 条提交。 不过实践中这个选项不是很常用，因为 Git 默认会将所有的输出传送到分页程序中，所以你一次只会看到一页的内容。 但是，类似 --since 和 --until 这种按照时间作限制的选项很有用。 例如，下面的命令会列出最近两周的所有提交： $ git log --since=2.weeks 该命令可用的格式十分丰富——可以是类似 "2008-01-15" 的具体的某一天，也可以是类似 "2 years 1 day 3 minutes ago" 的相对日期。 还可以过滤出匹配指定条件的提交。 用 --author 选项显示指定作者的提交，用 --grep 选项搜索提交说明中的关键字。 Note 你可以指定多个 --author 和 --grep 搜索条件，这样会只输出匹配 任意 --author 模式和 任意 --grep 模式的提交。然而，如果你添加了 --all-match 选项， 则只会输出匹配 所有 --grep 模式的提交。 另一个非常有用的过滤器是 -S （俗称“pickaxe”选项，取“用鹤嘴锄在土里捡石头”之意）， 它接受一个字符串参数，并且只会显示那些添加或删除了该字符串的提交。 假设你想找出添加或删除了对某一个特定函数的引用的提交，可以调用： $ git log -S function_name 最后一个很实用的 git log 选项是路径（path）， 如果只关心某些文件或者目录的历史提交，可以在 git log 选项的最后指定它们的路径。 因为是放在最后位置上的选项，所以用两个短划线（--）隔开之前的选项和后面限定的路径名。 在 限制 git log 输出的选项 中列出了常用的选项 Table 3. 限制 git log 输出的选项 选项 说明 -<n> 仅显示最近的 n 条提交。 --since , --after 仅显示指定时间之后的提交。 --until , --before 仅显示指定时间之前的提交。 --author 仅显示作者匹配指定字符串的提交。 --committer 仅显示提交者匹配指定字符串的提交。 --grep 仅显示提交说明中包含指定字符串的提交。 -S 仅显示添加或删除内容匹配指定字符串的提交。 来看一个实际的例子，如果要在 Git 源码库中查看 Junio Hamano 在 2008 年 10 月其间， 除了合并提交之外的哪一个提交修改了测试文件，可以使用下面的命令： $ git log --pretty="%h - %s" --author='Junio C Hamano' --since="2008-10-01" \ --before="2008-11-01" --no-merges -- t/ 5610e3b - Fix testcase failure when extended attributes are in use acd3b9e - Enhance hold_lock_file_for_{update,append}() API f563754 - demonstrate breakage of detached checkout with symbolic link HEAD d1a43f2 - reset --hard/read-tree --reset -u: remove unmerged new paths 51a94af - Fix "checkout --track -b newbranch" on detached HEAD b0ad11e - pull: allow "git pull origin $something:$current_branch" into an unborn branch 在近 40000 条提交中，上面的输出仅列出了符合条件的 6 条记录。 Tip 隐藏合并提交 按照你代码仓库的工作流程，记录中可能有为数不少的合并提交，它们所包含的信息通常并不多。 为了避免显示的合并提交弄乱历史记录，可以为 log 加上 --no-merges 选项。 prev | next About this site Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. Git is a member of Software Freedom Conservancy | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://git-scm.com/book/fa/v2/%d9%85%d9%82%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-%da%af%db%8c%d8%aa-git-basics-chapter-%d9%85%d8%b4%d8%a7%d9%87%d8%af%d9%87-%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%ae%da%86%d9%87-%da%a9%d8%a7%d9%85%db%8c%d8%aa%e2%80%8c%d9%87%d8%a7-Viewing-the-Commit-History | Git - مشاهده تاریخچه کامیتها (Viewing the Commit History) About Trademark Learn Book Cheat Sheet Videos External Links Tools Command Line GUIs Hosting Reference Install Community This book is available in English . Full translation available in azərbaycan dili , български език , Deutsch , Español , فارسی , Français , Ελληνικά , 日本語 , 한국어 , Nederlands , Русский , Slovenščina , Tagalog , Українська , 简体中文 , Partial translations available in Čeština , Македонски , Polski , Српски , Ўзбекча , 繁體中文 , Translations started for Беларуская , Indonesian , Italiano , Bahasa Melayu , Português (Brasil) , Português (Portugal) , Svenska , Türkçe . The source of this book is hosted on GitHub. Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. Chapters ▾ 1. شروع به کار (getting started) 1.1 درباره ورژن کنترل (About Version Control) 1.2 تاریخچه کوتاهی از گیت (A Short History of Git) 1.3 گیت چیست؟ (What is Git) 1.4 نصب گیت (Installing Git) 1.5 ستاپ اولیه گیت (First-Time Git Setup) 1.6 دریافت کمک (Getting Help) 1.7 خلاصه (summary) 2. مقدمات گیت (git basics chapter) 2.1 گرفتن یک مخزن گیت (Getting a Git Repository) 2.2 ثبت تغییرات در مخزن (Recording Changes to the Repository) 2.3 مشاهده تاریخچه کامیتها (Viewing the Commit History) 2.4 بازگرداندن تغییرات (Undoing Things) 2.5 کار کردن با ریموت ها (Working with Remotes) 2.6 تگ کردن (Tagging) 2.7 نام مستعار گیت (Git Aliases) 2.8 خلاصه (summary) 3. انشعابگیری در گیت (Git Branching) 3.1 شاخهها در یک نگاه (Branches in a Nutshell) 3.2 شاخهبندی و ادغام پایهای (Basic Branching and Merging) 3.3 مدیریت شاخهها (Branch Management) 3.4 روندهای کاری شاخهها (Branching Workflows) 3.5 شاخههای راه دور (Remote Branches) 3.6 بازپایهگذاری (Rebasing) 3.7 خلاصه (Summary) 4. گیت روی سرور (Git on the server) 4.1 پروتکلها (The Protocols) 4.2 راهاندازی گیت روی یک سرور (Getting Git on a Server) 4.3 ایجاد کلید عمومی SSH شما (Generating Your SSH Public Key) 4.4 نصب و راهاندازی سرور (Setting up server) 4.5 سرویسدهنده گیت (Git Daemon) 4.6 HTTP هوشمند (Smart HTTP) 4.7 گیتوب (GitWeb) 4.8 گیتلب (GitLab) 4.9 گزینههای میزبانی شخص ثالث (Third Party Hosted Options) 4.10 خلاصه (Summary) 5. گیت توزیعشده (Distributed git) 5.1 جریانهای کاری توزیعشده (Distributed Workflows) 5.2 مشارکت در یک پروژه (Contributing to a Project) 5.3 نگهداری یک پروژه (Maintaining a Project) 5.4 خلاصه (Summary) 6. گیت هاب (GitHub) 6.1 راهاندازی و پیکربندی حساب کاربری (Account Setup and Configuration) 6.2 مشارکت در یک پروژه (Contributing to a Project) 6.3 نگهداری یک پروژه (Maintaining a Project) 6.4 مدیریت یک سازمان (Managing an organization) 6.5 اسکریپتنویسی در گیتهاب (Scripting GitHub) 6.6 خلاصه (Summary) 7. ابزارهای گیت (Git Tools) 7.1 انتخاب بازبینی (Revision Selection) 7.2 مرحلهبندی تعاملی (Interactive Staging) 7.3 ذخیره موقت و پاکسازی (Stashing and Cleaning) 7.4 امضای کارهای شما (Signing Your Work) 7.5 جستجو (Searching) 7.6 بازنویسی تاریخچه (Rewriting History) 7.7 بازنشانی به زبان ساده (Reset Demystified) 7.8 ادغام پیشرفته (Advanced Merging) 7.9 بازاستفاده خودکار از حل تضادها (Rerere) 7.10 اشکالزدایی با گیت (Debugging with Git) 7.11 سابماژول ها (Submodules) 7.12 بستهبندی (Bundling) 7.13 جایگزینی (Replace) 7.14 ذخیرهسازی اطلاعات ورود (Credential Storage) 7.15 خلاصه (Summary) 8. سفارشیسازی Git (Customizing Git) 8.1 پیکربندی گیت (Git Configuration) 8.2 ویژگیهای گیت (Git Attributes) 8.3 هوکهای گیت (Git Hooks) 8.4 یک نمونه سیاست اعمال شده توسط گیت (An Example Git-Enforced Policy) 8.5 خلاصه (Summary) 9. گیت و سیستمهای دیگر (Git and Other Systems) 9.1 گیت بهعنوان کلاینت (Git as a Client) 9.2 مهاجرت به گیت (Migrating to Git) 9.3 خلاصه (Summary) 10. مباحث درونی گیت (Git Internals) 10.1 ابزارها و دستورات سطح پایین (Plumbing and Porcelain) 10.2 اشیا گیت (Git Objects) 10.3 مراجع گیت (Git References) 10.4 فایلهای بسته (Packfiles) 10.5 نگاشت (The Refspec) 10.6 پروتکلهای انتقال (Transfer Protocols) 10.7 نگهداری و بازیابی دادهها (Maintenance and Data Recovery) 10.8 متغیرهای محیطی (Environment Variables) 10.9 خلاصه (Summary) A1. پیوست A: گیت در محیطهای دیگر (Git in Other Environments) A1.1 رابط های گرافیکی (Graphical Interfaces) A1.2 گیت در ویژوال استودیو (Git in Visual Studio) A1.3 گیت در Visual Studio Code (Git in Visual Studio Code) A1.4 گیت در IntelliJ / PyCharm / WebStorm / PhpStorm / RubyMine (Git in IntelliJ / PyCharm / WebStorm / PhpStorm / RubyMine) A1.5 گیت در Sublime Text (Git in Sublime Text) A1.6 گیت در بش (Git in Bash) A1.7 گیت در Zsh (Git in Zsh) A1.8 گیت در PowerShell (Git in PowerShell) A1.9 خلاصه (Summary) A2. پیوست B: گنجاندن گیت در برنامههای شما (Embedding Git in your Applications) A2.1 خط فرمان گیت (Command-line Git) A2.2 کتابخانهٔ گیت به زبان سی (Libgit2) A2.3 کتابخانه گیت برای زبان جاوا (JGit) A2.4 کتابخانه گیت برای زبان گو (go-git) A2.5 کتابخانه گیت پایتون (Dulwich) A3. پیوست C: دستورات گیت (Git Commands) A3.1 تنظیم و پیکربندی (Setup and Config) A3.2 گرفتن و ایجاد پروژهها (Getting and Creating Projects) A3.3 نمونهبرداری پایهای (Basic Snapshotting) A3.4 انشعابگیری و ادغام (Branching and Merging) A3.5 بهاشتراکگذاری و بهروزرسانی پروژهها (Sharing and Updating Projects) A3.6 بازرسی و مقایسه (Inspection and Comparison) A3.7 عیبیابی (Debugging) A3.8 اعمال تغییرات به صورت پچ (Patching) A3.9 ایمیل (Email) A3.10 سیستمهای خارجی (External Systems) A3.11 مدیریت (Administration) A3.12 دستورات سطح پایین گیت (Plumbing Commands) 2nd Edition 2.3 مقدمات گیت (git basics chapter) - مشاهده تاریخچه کامیتها (Viewing the Commit History) مشاهده تاریخچه کامیتها (Viewing the Commit History) بعد از این که چندین کامیت ایجاد کردید یا اگر یک مخزن با تاریخچه کامیتهای موجود را کلون کردید، احتمالاً میخواهید به عقب برگردید و ببینید چه اتفاقی افتاده است. ابزار اصلی و قدرتمند برای انجام این کار دستور git log است. در این مثالها از یک پروژه بسیار ساده به نام simplegit استفاده شده است. برای دریافت این پروژه، دستور زیر را اجرا کنید: $ git clone https://github.com/schacon/simplegit-progit وقتی در این پروژه دستور git log را اجرا میکنید، باید خروجیای شبیه به این مشاهده کنید: $ git log commit ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Mon Mar 17 21:52:11 2008 -0700 Change version number commit 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 16:40:33 2008 -0700 Remove unnecessary test commit a11bef06a3f659402fe7563abf99ad00de2209e6 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 10:31:28 2008 -0700 Initial commit به طور پیشفرض و بدون هیچ آرگومانی، git log فهرست کامیتهای انجام شده در آن مخزن را به ترتیب معکوس زمانی نمایش میدهد؛ یعنی جدیدترین کامیتها ابتدا نشان داده میشوند. همانطور که میبینید، این دستور هر کامیت را با چکسام SHA-1، نام و ایمیل نویسنده، تاریخ ثبت و پیام کامیت نشان میدهد. گزینههای بسیار زیاد و متنوعی برای دستور git log وجود دارد که دقیقاً آنچه را که به دنبالش هستید به شما نشان میدهد. در اینجا، برخی از محبوبترین آنها را به شما معرفی میکنیم. یکی از گزینههای بسیار مفید، -p یا --patch است که تغییرات (خروجی پچ ) وارد شده در هر کامیت را نمایش میدهد. همچنین میتوانید تعداد ورودیهای لاگ نمایش داده شده را محدود کنید، مثلاً با استفاده از -2 فقط دو ورودی آخر را نشان دهید. $ git log -p -2 commit ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Mon Mar 17 21:52:11 2008 -0700 Change version number diff --git a/Rakefile b/Rakefile index a874b73..8f94139 100644 --- a/Rakefile +++ b/Rakefile @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ require 'rake/gempackagetask' spec = Gem::Specification.new do |s| s.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY s.name = "simplegit" - s.version = "0.1.0" + s.version = "0.1.1" s.author = "Scott Chacon" s.email = "schacon@gee-mail.com" s.summary = "A simple gem for using Git in Ruby code." commit 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 16:40:33 2008 -0700 Remove unnecessary test diff --git a/lib/simplegit.rb b/lib/simplegit.rb index a0a60ae..47c6340 100644 --- a/lib/simplegit.rb +++ b/lib/simplegit.rb @@ -18,8 +18,3 @@ class SimpleGit end end - -if $0 == __FILE__ - git = SimpleGit.new - puts git.show -end این گزینه همان اطلاعات را نمایش میدهد اما با یک دیف (تغییرات) مستقیماً پس از هر ورودی. این برای مرور کد یا بررسی سریع آنچه در یک سری کامیت که همکار شما اضافه کرده، بسیار مفید است. شما همچنین میتوانید از مجموعهای از گزینههای خلاصهسازی با git log استفاده کنید. برای مثال، اگر بخواهید آمار مختصری از هر کامیت ببینید، میتوانید گزینه --stat را به کار ببرید: $ git log --stat commit ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Mon Mar 17 21:52:11 2008 -0700 Change version number Rakefile | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) commit 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 16:40:33 2008 -0700 Remove unnecessary test lib/simplegit.rb | 5 ----- 1 file changed, 5 deletions(-) commit a11bef06a3f659402fe7563abf99ad00de2209e6 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 10:31:28 2008 -0700 Initial commit README | 6 ++++++ Rakefile | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++++ lib/simplegit.rb | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 54 insertions(+) همانطور که میبینید، گزینه --stat زیر هر ورودی کامیت فهرستی از فایلهای تغییر یافته، تعداد فایلهای تغییر کرده و تعداد خطوط اضافه یا حذف شده در آنها را چاپ میکند. همچنین در پایان، خلاصهای از این اطلاعات را ارائه میدهد. گزینه مفید دیگر --pretty است. این گزینه خروجی لاگ را به قالبهای دیگری غیر از پیشفرض تغییر میدهد. چند مقدار پیشساخته برای این گزینه موجود است که میتوانید استفاده کنید. مقدار oneline برای این گزینه هر کامیت را در یک خط نمایش میدهد که وقتی تعداد زیادی کامیت دارید، کاربردی است. علاوه بر این، مقادیر short ، full و fuller خروجی را تقریباً در همان قالب اما به ترتیب با اطلاعات کمتر یا بیشتر نشان میدهند: $ git log --pretty=oneline ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949 Change version number 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7 Remove unnecessary test a11bef06a3f659402fe7563abf99ad00de2209e6 Initial commit مهمترین گزینهی مقدار format است که به شما اجازه میدهد قالب خروجی لاگ خود را مشخص کنید. این گزینه بهویژه زمانی مفید است که خروجی را برای پردازش ماشینی تولید میکنید — زیرا قالب را بهطور صریح تعیین میکنید، میدانید که با بهروزرسانیهای گیت تغییر نخواهد کرد: $ git log --pretty=format:"%h - %an, %ar : %s" ca82a6d - Scott Chacon, 6 years ago : Change version number 085bb3b - Scott Chacon, 6 years ago : Remove unnecessary test a11bef0 - Scott Chacon, 6 years ago : Initial commit Useful specifiers for git log --pretty=format بخشی از مشخصههای مفیدتری را که گزینه format میپذیرد فهرست کرده است. جدول 1. Useful specifiers for git log --pretty=format Specifier Description of Output %H Commit hash %h Abbreviated commit hash %T Tree hash %t Abbreviated tree hash %P Parent hashes %p Abbreviated parent hashes %an Author name %ae Author email %ad Author date (format respects the --date=option ) %ar Author date, relative %cn Committer name %ce Committer email %cd Committer date %cr Committer date, relative %s Subject شاید برایتان سؤال باشد تفاوت بین نویسنده و ثبتکننده چیست. نویسنده کسی است که در اصل کار را نوشته، در حالی که ثبتکننده کسی است که آخرین بار تغییرات را اعمال کرده است. پس اگر شما یک پچ به پروژه ارسال کنید و یکی از اعضای اصلی آن پچ را اعمال کند، هر دو اعتبار میگیرید — شما به عنوان نویسنده و آن عضو اصلی به عنوان ثبتکننده. این تمایز را در گیت توزیعشده (Distributed git) بیشتر توضیح خواهیم داد. مقادیر oneline و format بهویژه همراه با گزینه دیگری از log به نام --graph مفید هستند. این گزینه یک نمودار ASCII زیبا نشان میدهد که تاریخچه شاخه و ادغام شما را به تصویر میکشد: $ git log --pretty=format:"%h %s" --graph * 2d3acf9 Ignore errors from SIGCHLD on trap * 5e3ee11 Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/dustin/grit.git |\ | * 420eac9 Add method for getting the current branch * | 30e367c Timeout code and tests * | 5a09431 Add timeout protection to grit * | e1193f8 Support for heads with slashes in them |/ * d6016bc Require time for xmlschema * 11d191e Merge branch 'defunkt' into local این نوع خروجی در فصل بعدی که به شاخهبندی و ادغام میپردازیم، جذابتر خواهد شد. اینها تنها چند گزینه ساده برای قالببندی خروجی git log بودند — گزینههای بسیار بیشتری وجود دارد. Common options to git log فهرستی از گزینههایی که تا کنون بررسی کردهایم به همراه برخی گزینههای رایج دیگر و نحوه تغییر خروجی دستور log ارائه میدهد. جدول 2. Common options to git log Option Description -p Show the patch introduced with each commit. --stat Show statistics for files modified in each commit. --shortstat Display only the changed/insertions/deletions line from the --stat command. --name-only Show the list of files modified after the commit information. --name-status Show the list of files affected with added/modified/deleted information as well. --abbrev-commit Show only the first few characters of the SHA-1 checksum instead of all 40. --relative-date Display the date in a relative format (for example, “2 weeks ago”) instead of using the full date format. --graph Display an ASCII graph of the branch and merge history beside the log output. --pretty Show commits in an alternate format. Option values include oneline , short , full , fuller , and format (where you specify your own format). --oneline Shorthand for --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit used together. محدود کردن خروجی لاگ (Limiting Log Output) علاوه بر گزینههای فرمتبندی خروجی، دستور git log چندین گزینه محدودکننده مفید دارد؛ یعنی گزینههایی که به شما اجازه میدهند تنها زیرمجموعهای از کامیتها را نمایش دهید. شما قبلاً یکی از این گزینهها را دیدهاید — گزینه -2 که فقط دو کامیت آخر را نشان میدهد. در واقع، میتوانید از -<n> استفاده کنید، که n عدد صحیحی است و آخرین n کامیت را نمایش میدهد. اما در عمل، به ندرت از این گزینه زیاد استفاده میشود، چون بهطور پیشفرض گیت تمام خروجی را از طریق یک صفحهبندیکننده (pager) عبور میدهد تا فقط یک صفحه از خروجی لاگ را در یک زمان ببینید. با این حال، گزینههای محدودکننده زمانی مانند --since و --until بسیار کاربردی هستند. برای مثال، این دستور فهرستی از کامیتهایی که در دو هفته گذشته انجام شدهاند را دریافت میکند: $ git log --since=2.weeks این دستور با فرمتهای زیادی کار میکند — میتوانید یک تاریخ خاص مانند "2008-01-15" یا یک تاریخ نسبی مانند "2 years 1 day 3 minutes ago" مشخص کنید. همچنین میتوانید لیست را به کامیتهایی که با برخی معیارهای جستجو مطابقت دارند، فیلتر کنید. گزینه --author به شما امکان میدهد روی نویسنده خاصی فیلتر کنید، و گزینه --grep اجازه میدهد کلمات کلیدی را در پیامهای کامیت جستجو کنید. یادداشت میتوانید بیش از یک نمونه از هر دو معیار جستجو --author و --grep را مشخص کنید، که خروجی کامیت را به کامیتهایی محدود میکند که با هر یک از الگوهای --author و هر یک از الگوهای --grep مطابقت دارند؛ اما افزودن گزینه --all-match خروجی را بیشتر محدود میکند تا فقط کامیتهایی که با تمام الگوهای --grep مطابقت دارند نمایش داده شوند. یکی دیگر از فیلترهای بسیار مفید، گزینه -S است (که به طور غیررسمی به آن گزینه “pickaxe” گیت گفته میشود)، که یک رشته میگیرد و فقط آن کامیتهایی را نشان میدهد که تعداد وقوع آن رشته را تغییر دادهاند. برای مثال، اگر بخواهید آخرین کامیتی که اشارهای به یک تابع خاص را اضافه یا حذف کرده است پیدا کنید، میتوانید این دستور را اجرا کنید: $ git log -S function_name آخرین گزینه واقعاً مفید برای عبور به git log به عنوان فیلتر، مسیر است. اگر یک دایرکتوری یا نام فایل را مشخص کنید، میتوانید خروجی لاگ را به کامیتهایی محدود کنید که تغییری در آن فایلها ایجاد کردهاند. این همیشه آخرین گزینه است و معمولاً با دو خط تیره ( -- ) پیش از آن میآید تا مسیرها را از گزینهها جدا کند: $ git log -- path/to/file در بخش Options to limit the output of git log این گزینهها و چند گزینه رایج دیگر برای مرجع شما فهرست شدهاند. جدول 3. Options to limit the output of git log Option Description -<n> Show only the last n commits. --since , --after Limit the commits to those made after the specified date. --until , --before Limit the commits to those made before the specified date. --author Only show commits in which the author entry matches the specified string. --committer Only show commits in which the committer entry matches the specified string. --grep Only show commits with a commit message containing the string. -S Only show commits adding or removing code matching the string. برای مثال، اگر بخواهید ببینید کدام کامیتها که فایلهای تست را در تاریخچه سورس کد گیت تغییر دادهاند، توسط جونیو هامانو در ماه اکتبر ۲۰۰۸ انجام شدهاند و کامیتهای ادغام (merge) نیستند، میتوانید چیزی شبیه به این را اجرا کنید: $ git log --pretty="%h - %s" --author='Junio C Hamano' --since="2008-10-01" \ --before="2008-11-01" --no-merges -- t/ 5610e3b - Fix testcase failure when extended attributes are in use acd3b9e - Enhance hold_lock_file_for_{update,append}() API f563754 - demonstrate breakage of detached checkout with symbolic link HEAD d1a43f2 - reset --hard/read-tree --reset -u: remove unmerged new paths 51a94af - Fix "checkout --track -b newbranch" on detached HEAD b0ad11e - pull: allow "git pull origin $something:$current_branch" into an unborn branch از تقریباً ۴۰,۰۰۰ کامیت در تاریخچه کد منبع گیت، این دستور ۶ کامیت مطابق با این معیارها را نشان میدهد. نکته Preventing the display of merge commits بسته به روند کاری که در مخزن شما استفاده میشود، ممکن است درصد قابل توجهی از کامیتهای تاریخچه لاگ شما فقط کامیتهای ادغام (merge commits) باشند که معمولاً اطلاعات زیادی ارائه نمیدهند. برای جلوگیری از نمایش کامیتهای ادغام که باعث شلوغی تاریخچه لاگ میشوند، کافی است گزینه --no-merges را به دستور log اضافه کنید. prev | next About this site Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. 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https://git-scm.com/book/ko/v2/Git%ec%9d%98-%ea%b8%b0%ec%b4%88-%ec%bb%a4%eb%b0%8b-%ed%9e%88%ec%8a%a4%ed%86%a0%eb%a6%ac-%ec%a1%b0%ed%9a%8c%ed%95%98%ea%b8%b0 | Git - 커밋 히스토리 조회하기 About Trademark Learn Book Cheat Sheet Videos External Links Tools Command Line GUIs Hosting Reference Install Community This book is available in English . Full translation available in azərbaycan dili , български език , Deutsch , Español , فارسی , Français , Ελληνικά , 日本語 , 한국어 , Nederlands , Русский , Slovenščina , Tagalog , Українська , 简体中文 , Partial translations available in Čeština , Македонски , Polski , Српски , Ўзбекча , 繁體中文 , Translations started for Беларуская , Indonesian , Italiano , Bahasa Melayu , Português (Brasil) , Português (Portugal) , Svenska , Türkçe . The source of this book is hosted on GitHub. Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. Chapters ▾ 1. 시작하기 1.1 버전 관리란? 1.2 짧게 보는 Git의 역사 1.3 Git 기초 1.4 CLI 1.5 Git 설치 1.6 Git 최초 설정 1.7 도움말 보기 1.8 요약 2. Git의 기초 2.1 Git 저장소 만들기 2.2 수정하고 저장소에 저장하기 2.3 커밋 히스토리 조회하기 2.4 되돌리기 2.5 리모트 저장소 2.6 태그 2.7 Git Alias 2.8 요약 3. Git 브랜치 3.1 브랜치란 무엇인가 3.2 브랜치와 Merge 의 기초 3.3 브랜치 관리 3.4 브랜치 워크플로 3.5 리모트 브랜치 3.6 Rebase 하기 3.7 요약 4. Git 서버 4.1 프로토콜 4.2 서버에 Git 설치하기 4.3 SSH 공개키 만들기 4.4 서버 설정하기 4.5 Git 데몬 4.6 스마트 HTTP 4.7 GitWeb 4.8 GitLab 4.9 또 다른 선택지, 호스팅 4.10 요약 5. 분산 환경에서의 Git 5.1 분산 환경에서의 워크플로 5.2 프로젝트에 기여하기 5.3 프로젝트 관리하기 5.4 요약 6. GitHub 6.1 계정 만들고 설정하기 6.2 GitHub 프로젝트에 기여하기 6.3 GitHub 프로젝트 관리하기 6.4 Organization 관리하기 6.5 GitHub 스크립팅 6.6 요약 7. Git 도구 7.1 리비전 조회하기 7.2 대화형 명령 7.3 Stashing과 Cleaning 7.4 내 작업에 서명하기 7.5 검색 7.6 히스토리 단장하기 7.7 Reset 명확히 알고 가기 7.8 고급 Merge 7.9 Rerere 7.10 Git으로 버그 찾기 7.11 서브모듈 7.12 Bundle 7.13 Replace 7.14 Credential 저장소 7.15 요약 8. Git맞춤 8.1 Git 설정하기 8.2 Git Attributes 8.3 Git Hooks 8.4 정책 구현하기 8.5 요약 9. Git과 여타 버전 관리 시스템 9.1 Git: 범용 Client 9.2 Git으로 옮기기 9.3 요약 10. Git의 내부 10.1 Plumbing 명령과 Porcelain 명령 10.2 Git 개체 10.3 Git Refs 10.4 Packfile 10.5 Refspec 10.6 데이터 전송 프로토콜 10.7 운영 및 데이터 복구 10.8 환경변수 10.9 요약 A1. 부록 A: 다양한 환경에서 Git 사용하기 A1.1 GUI A1.2 Visual Studio A1.3 Eclipse A1.4 Bash A1.5 Zsh A1.6 Git in Powershell A1.7 요약 A2. 부록 B: 애플리케이션에 Git 넣기 A2.1 Git 명령어 A2.2 Libgit2 A2.3 JGit A2.4 go-git A3. 부록 C: Git 명령어 A3.1 설치와 설정 A3.2 프로젝트 가져오기와 생성하기 A3.3 스냅샷 다루기 A3.4 Branch와 Merge A3.5 공유하고 업데이트하기 A3.6 보기와 비교 A3.7 Debugging A3.8 Patch 하기 A3.9 Email A3.10 다른 버전 관리 시스템 A3.11 관리 A3.12 Plumbing 명령어 2nd Edition 2.3 Git의 기초 - 커밋 히스토리 조회하기 커밋 히스토리 조회하기 새로 저장소를 만들어서 몇 번 커밋을 했을 수도 있고, 커밋 히스토리가 있는 저장소를 Clone 했을 수도 있다. 어쨌든 가끔 저장소의 히스토리를 보고 싶을 때가 있다. Git에는 히스토리를 조회하는 명령어인 git log 가 있다. 이 예제에서는 “simplegit” 이라는 매우 단순한 프로젝트를 사용한다. 아래와 같이 이 프로젝트를 Clone 한다. $ git clone https://github.com/schacon/simplegit-progit 이 프로젝트 디렉토리에서 git log 명령을 실행하면 아래와 같이 출력된다. $ git log commit ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Mon Mar 17 21:52:11 2008 -0700 changed the version number commit 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 16:40:33 2008 -0700 removed unnecessary test commit a11bef06a3f659402fe7563abf99ad00de2209e6 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 10:31:28 2008 -0700 first commit 특별한 아규먼트 없이 git log 명령을 실행하면 저장소의 커밋 히스토리를 시간순으로 보여준다. 즉, 가장 최근의 커밋이 가장 먼저 나온다. 그리고 이어서 각 커밋의 SHA-1 체크섬, 저자 이름, 저자 이메일, 커밋한 날짜, 커밋 메시지를 보여준다. 원하는 히스토리를 검색할 수 있도록 git log 명령은 매우 다양한 옵션을 지원한다. 여기에서는 자주 사용하는 옵션을 설명한다. 여러 옵션 중 -p , --patch 는 굉장히 유용한 옵션이다. -p 는 각 커밋의 diff 결과를 보여준다. 다른 유용한 옵션으로 -2 가 있는데 최근 두 개의 결과만 보여주는 옵션이다: $ git log -p -2 commit ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Mon Mar 17 21:52:11 2008 -0700 changed the version number diff --git a/Rakefile b/Rakefile index a874b73..8f94139 100644 --- a/Rakefile +++ b/Rakefile @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ require 'rake/gempackagetask' spec = Gem::Specification.new do |s| s.platform = Gem::Platform::RUBY s.name = "simplegit" - s.version = "0.1.0" + s.version = "0.1.1" s.author = "Scott Chacon" s.email = "schacon@gee-mail.com" s.summary = "A simple gem for using Git in Ruby code." commit 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 16:40:33 2008 -0700 removed unnecessary test diff --git a/lib/simplegit.rb b/lib/simplegit.rb index a0a60ae..47c6340 100644 --- a/lib/simplegit.rb +++ b/lib/simplegit.rb @@ -18,8 +18,3 @@ class SimpleGit end end - -if $0 == __FILE__ - git = SimpleGit.new - puts git.show -end 이 옵션은 직접 diff를 실행한 것과 같은 결과를 출력하기 때문에 동료가 무엇을 커밋했는지 리뷰하고 빨리 조회하는데 유용하다. 또 git log 명령에는 히스토리의 통계를 보여주는 옵션도 있다. --stat 옵션으로 각 커밋의 통계 정보를 조회할 수 있다. $ git log --stat commit ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Mon Mar 17 21:52:11 2008 -0700 changed the version number Rakefile | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) commit 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 16:40:33 2008 -0700 removed unnecessary test lib/simplegit.rb | 5 ----- 1 file changed, 5 deletions(-) commit a11bef06a3f659402fe7563abf99ad00de2209e6 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gee-mail.com> Date: Sat Mar 15 10:31:28 2008 -0700 first commit README | 6 ++++++ Rakefile | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++++ lib/simplegit.rb | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++++ 3 files changed, 54 insertions(+) 이 결과에서 --stat 옵션은 어떤 파일이 수정됐는지, 얼마나 많은 파일이 변경됐는지, 또 얼마나 많은 라인을 추가하거나 삭제했는지 보여준다. 요약정보는 가장 뒤쪽에 보여준다. 다른 또 유용한 옵션은 --pretty 옵션이다. 이 옵션을 통해 히스토리 내용을 보여줄 때 기본 형식 이외에 여러 가지 중에 하나를 선택할 수 있다. 몇개 선택할 수 있는 옵션의 값이 있다. oneline 옵션은 각 커밋을 한 라인으로 보여준다. 이 옵션은 많은 커밋을 한 번에 조회할 때 유용하다. 추가로 short , full , fuller 옵션도 있는데 이것은 정보를 조금씩 가감해서 보여준다. $ git log --pretty=oneline ca82a6dff817ec66f44342007202690a93763949 changed the version number 085bb3bcb608e1e8451d4b2432f8ecbe6306e7e7 removed unnecessary test a11bef06a3f659402fe7563abf99ad00de2209e6 first commit 가장 재밌는 옵션은 format 옵션이다. 나만의 포맷으로 결과를 출력하고 싶을 때 사용한다. 특히 결과를 다른 프로그램으로 파싱하고자 할 때 유용하다. 이 옵션을 사용하면 포맷을 정확하게 일치시킬 수 있기 때문에 Git을 새 버전으로 바꿔도 결과 포맷이 바뀌지 않는다. $ git log --pretty=format:"%h - %an, %ar : %s" ca82a6d - Scott Chacon, 6 years ago : changed the version number 085bb3b - Scott Chacon, 6 years ago : removed unnecessary test a11bef0 - Scott Chacon, 6 years ago : first commit git log --pretty=format 에 쓸 몇가지 유용한 옵션` 포맷에서 사용하는 유용한 옵션. 표 1. git log --pretty=format 에 쓸 몇가지 유용한 옵션` 옵션 설명 %H 커밋 해시 %h 짧은 길이 커밋 해시 %T 트리 해시 %t 짧은 길이 트리 해시 %P 부모 해시 %p 짧은 길이 부모 해시 %an 저자 이름 %ae 저자 메일 %ad 저자 시각 (형식은 –-date=옵션 참고) %ar 저자 상대적 시각 %cn 커미터 이름 %ce 커미터 메일 %cd 커미터 시각 %cr 커미터 상대적 시각 %s 요약 저자(Author) 와 커미터(Committer) 를 구분하는 것이 조금 이상해 보일 수 있다. 저자는 원래 작업을 수행한 원작자이고 커밋터는 마지막으로 이 작업을 적용한(저장소에 포함시킨) 사람이다. 만약 당신이 어떤 프로젝트에 패치를 보냈고 그 프로젝트의 담당자가 패치를 적용했다면 두 명의 정보를 모두 알 필요가 있다. 그래서 이 경우 당신이 저자고 그 담당자가 커미터다. 분산 환경에서의 Git 에서 이 주제에 대해 자세히 다룰 것이다. oneline 옵션과 format 옵션은 --graph 옵션과 함께 사용할 때 더 빛난다. 이 명령은 브랜치와 머지 히스토리를 보여주는 아스키 그래프를 출력한다. $ git log --pretty=format:"%h %s" --graph * 2d3acf9 ignore errors from SIGCHLD on trap * 5e3ee11 Merge branch 'master' of git://github.com/dustin/grit |\ | * 420eac9 Added a method for getting the current branch. * | 30e367c timeout code and tests * | 5a09431 add timeout protection to grit * | e1193f8 support for heads with slashes in them |/ * d6016bc require time for xmlschema * 11d191e Merge branch 'defunkt' into local 다음 장에서 살펴볼 브랜치나 Merge 결과의 히스토리를 이런 식으로 살펴보면 훨씬 흥미롭다. git log 명령의 기본적인 옵션과 출력물의 형식에 관련된 옵션을 살펴보았다. git log 명령은 앞서 살펴본 것보다 더 많은 옵션을 지원한다. git log 주요 옵션 는 지금 설명한 것과 함께 유용하게 사용할 수 있는 옵션이다. 각 옵션으로 어떻게 log 명령을 제어할 수 있는지 보여준다. 표 2. git log 주요 옵션 옵션 설명 -p 각 커밋에 적용된 패치를 보여준다. --stat 각 커밋에서 수정된 파일의 통계정보를 보여준다. --shortstat --stat 명령의 결과 중에서 수정한 파일, 추가된 라인, 삭제된 라인만 보여준다. --name-only 커밋 정보중에서 수정된 파일의 목록만 보여준다. --name-status 수정된 파일의 목록을 보여줄 뿐만 아니라 파일을 추가한 것인지, 수정한 것인지, 삭제한 것인지도 보여준다. --abbrev-commit 40자 짜리 SHA-1 체크섬을 전부 보여주는 것이 아니라 처음 몇 자만 보여준다. --relative-date 정확한 시간을 보여주는 것이 아니라 “2 weeks ago” 처럼 상대적인 형식으로 보여준다. --graph 브랜치와 머지 히스토리 정보까지 아스키 그래프로 보여준다. --pretty 지정한 형식으로 보여준다. 이 옵션에는 oneline, short, full, fuller, format이 있다. format은 원하는 형식으로 출력하고자 할 때 사용한다. --oneline --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit 두 옵션을 함께 사용한 것과 같다. 조회 제한조건 출력 형식과 관련된 옵션을 살펴봤지만 git log 명령은 조회 범위를 제한하는 옵션들도 있다. 히스토리 전부가 아니라 부분만 조회한다. 이미 최근 두 개만 조회하는 -2 옵션은 살펴봤다. 실제 사용법은 -<n> 이고 n은 최근 n개의 커밋을 의미한다. 사실 이 옵션을 자주 쓰진 않는다. Git은 기본적으로 출력을 pager류의 프로그램을 거쳐서 내보내므로 한 번에 한 페이지씩 보여준다. 반면 --since 나 --until 같은 시간을 기준으로 조회하는 옵션은 매우 유용하다. 지난 2주 동안 만들어진 커밋들만 조회하는 명령은 아래와 같다. $ git log --since=2.weeks 이 옵션은 다양한 형식을 지원한다. "2008-01-15" 같이 정확한 날짜도 사용할 수 있고 "2 years 1 day 3 minutes ago" 같이 상대적인 기간을 사용할 수도 있다. 또 다른 기준도 있다. --author 옵션으로 저자를 지정하여 검색할 수도 있고 --grep 옵션으로 커밋 메시지에서 키워드를 검색할 수도 있다 노트 --author 와 --grep 옵션을 함께 사용하여 모두 만족하는 커밋을 찾으려면 --all-match 옵션도 반드시 함께 사용해야 한다. 진짜 유용한 옵션으로 -S 가 있는데 이 옵션은 코드에서 추가되거나 제거된 내용 중에 특정 텍스트가 포함되어 있는지를 검색한다. 예를 들어 어떤 함수가 추가되거나 제거된 커밋만을 찾아보려면 아래와 같은 명령을 사용한다. $ git log -S function_name 마지막으로 파일 경로로 검색하는 옵션이 있는데 이것도 정말 유용하다. 디렉토리나 파일 이름을 사용하여 그 파일이 변경된 log의 결과를 검색할 수 있다. 이 옵션은 -- 와 함께 경로 이름을 사용하는데 명령어 끝 부분에 쓴다(역주 - git log — path1 path2 ). git log 조회 범위를 제한하는 옵션 은 조회 범위를 제한하는 옵션들이다. 표 3. git log 조회 범위를 제한하는 옵션 옵션 설명 -(n) 최근 n 개의 커밋만 조회한다. --since , --after 명시한 날짜 이후의 커밋만 검색한다. --until , --before 명시한 날짜 이전의 커밋만 조회한다. --author 입력한 저자의 커밋만 보여준다. --committer 입력한 커미터의 커밋만 보여준다. --grep 커밋 메시지 안의 텍스트를 검색한다. -S 커밋 변경(추가/삭제) 내용 안의 텍스트를 검색한다. 이제 살펴볼 예제는 Merge 커밋을 제외한 순수한 커밋을 확인해보는 명령이다. Junio Hamano가 2008년 10월에 Git 소스코드 저장소에서 테스트 파일을 수정한 커밋들이다. $ git log --pretty="%h - %s" --author=gitster --since="2008-10-01" \ --before="2008-11-01" --no-merges -- t/ 5610e3b - Fix testcase failure when extended attributes are in use acd3b9e - Enhance hold_lock_file_for_{update,append}() API f563754 - demonstrate breakage of detached checkout with symbolic link HEAD d1a43f2 - reset --hard/read-tree --reset -u: remove unmerged new paths 51a94af - Fix "checkout --track -b newbranch" on detached HEAD b0ad11e - pull: allow "git pull origin $something:$current_branch" into an unborn branch 총 4만여 개의 커밋 히스토리에서 이 명령의 검색 조건에 만족하는 것은 단 6개였다. 힌트 머지 커밋 표시하지 않기 저장소를 사용하는 워크플로우에 따라 머지 커밋이 차지하는 비중이 클 수도 있다. --no-merges 옵션을 사용하면 검색 결과에서 머지 커밋을 표시하지 않도록 할 수 있다. prev | next About this site Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. Git is a member of Software Freedom Conservancy | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://git-scm.com/book/fa/v2/%da%af%db%8c%d8%aa-%d8%b1%d9%88%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b1-Git-on-the-server-%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%88%db%8c%d8%b3%e2%80%8c%d8%af%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af%d9%87-%da%af%db%8c%d8%aa-Git-Daemon | Git - سرویسدهنده گیت (Git Daemon) About Trademark Learn Book Cheat Sheet Videos External Links Tools Command Line GUIs Hosting Reference Install Community This book is available in English . Full translation available in azərbaycan dili , български език , Deutsch , Español , فارسی , Français , Ελληνικά , 日本語 , 한국어 , Nederlands , Русский , Slovenščina , Tagalog , Українська , 简体中文 , Partial translations available in Čeština , Македонски , Polski , Српски , Ўзбекча , 繁體中文 , Translations started for Беларуская , Indonesian , Italiano , Bahasa Melayu , Português (Brasil) , Português (Portugal) , Svenska , Türkçe . The source of this book is hosted on GitHub. Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. Chapters ▾ 1. شروع به کار (getting started) 1.1 درباره ورژن کنترل (About Version Control) 1.2 تاریخچه کوتاهی از گیت (A Short History of Git) 1.3 گیت چیست؟ (What is Git) 1.4 نصب گیت (Installing Git) 1.5 ستاپ اولیه گیت (First-Time Git Setup) 1.6 دریافت کمک (Getting Help) 1.7 خلاصه (summary) 2. مقدمات گیت (git basics chapter) 2.1 گرفتن یک مخزن گیت (Getting a Git Repository) 2.2 ثبت تغییرات در مخزن (Recording Changes to the Repository) 2.3 مشاهده تاریخچه کامیتها (Viewing the Commit History) 2.4 بازگرداندن تغییرات (Undoing Things) 2.5 کار کردن با ریموت ها (Working with Remotes) 2.6 تگ کردن (Tagging) 2.7 نام مستعار گیت (Git Aliases) 2.8 خلاصه (summary) 3. انشعابگیری در گیت (Git Branching) 3.1 شاخهها در یک نگاه (Branches in a Nutshell) 3.2 شاخهبندی و ادغام پایهای (Basic Branching and Merging) 3.3 مدیریت شاخهها (Branch Management) 3.4 روندهای کاری شاخهها (Branching Workflows) 3.5 شاخههای راه دور (Remote Branches) 3.6 بازپایهگذاری (Rebasing) 3.7 خلاصه (Summary) 4. گیت روی سرور (Git on the server) 4.1 پروتکلها (The Protocols) 4.2 راهاندازی گیت روی یک سرور (Getting Git on a Server) 4.3 ایجاد کلید عمومی SSH شما (Generating Your SSH Public Key) 4.4 نصب و راهاندازی سرور (Setting up server) 4.5 سرویسدهنده گیت (Git Daemon) 4.6 HTTP هوشمند (Smart HTTP) 4.7 گیتوب (GitWeb) 4.8 گیتلب (GitLab) 4.9 گزینههای میزبانی شخص ثالث (Third Party Hosted Options) 4.10 خلاصه (Summary) 5. گیت توزیعشده (Distributed git) 5.1 جریانهای کاری توزیعشده (Distributed Workflows) 5.2 مشارکت در یک پروژه (Contributing to a Project) 5.3 نگهداری یک پروژه (Maintaining a Project) 5.4 خلاصه (Summary) 6. گیت هاب (GitHub) 6.1 راهاندازی و پیکربندی حساب کاربری (Account Setup and Configuration) 6.2 مشارکت در یک پروژه (Contributing to a Project) 6.3 نگهداری یک پروژه (Maintaining a Project) 6.4 مدیریت یک سازمان (Managing an organization) 6.5 اسکریپتنویسی در گیتهاب (Scripting GitHub) 6.6 خلاصه (Summary) 7. ابزارهای گیت (Git Tools) 7.1 انتخاب بازبینی (Revision Selection) 7.2 مرحلهبندی تعاملی (Interactive Staging) 7.3 ذخیره موقت و پاکسازی (Stashing and Cleaning) 7.4 امضای کارهای شما (Signing Your Work) 7.5 جستجو (Searching) 7.6 بازنویسی تاریخچه (Rewriting History) 7.7 بازنشانی به زبان ساده (Reset Demystified) 7.8 ادغام پیشرفته (Advanced Merging) 7.9 بازاستفاده خودکار از حل تضادها (Rerere) 7.10 اشکالزدایی با گیت (Debugging with Git) 7.11 سابماژول ها (Submodules) 7.12 بستهبندی (Bundling) 7.13 جایگزینی (Replace) 7.14 ذخیرهسازی اطلاعات ورود (Credential Storage) 7.15 خلاصه (Summary) 8. سفارشیسازی Git (Customizing Git) 8.1 پیکربندی گیت (Git Configuration) 8.2 ویژگیهای گیت (Git Attributes) 8.3 هوکهای گیت (Git Hooks) 8.4 یک نمونه سیاست اعمال شده توسط گیت (An Example Git-Enforced Policy) 8.5 خلاصه (Summary) 9. گیت و سیستمهای دیگر (Git and Other Systems) 9.1 گیت بهعنوان کلاینت (Git as a Client) 9.2 مهاجرت به گیت (Migrating to Git) 9.3 خلاصه (Summary) 10. مباحث درونی گیت (Git Internals) 10.1 ابزارها و دستورات سطح پایین (Plumbing and Porcelain) 10.2 اشیا گیت (Git Objects) 10.3 مراجع گیت (Git References) 10.4 فایلهای بسته (Packfiles) 10.5 نگاشت (The Refspec) 10.6 پروتکلهای انتقال (Transfer Protocols) 10.7 نگهداری و بازیابی دادهها (Maintenance and Data Recovery) 10.8 متغیرهای محیطی (Environment Variables) 10.9 خلاصه (Summary) A1. پیوست A: گیت در محیطهای دیگر (Git in Other Environments) A1.1 رابط های گرافیکی (Graphical Interfaces) A1.2 گیت در ویژوال استودیو (Git in Visual Studio) A1.3 گیت در Visual Studio Code (Git in Visual Studio Code) A1.4 گیت در IntelliJ / PyCharm / WebStorm / PhpStorm / RubyMine (Git in IntelliJ / PyCharm / WebStorm / PhpStorm / RubyMine) A1.5 گیت در Sublime Text (Git in Sublime Text) A1.6 گیت در بش (Git in Bash) A1.7 گیت در Zsh (Git in Zsh) A1.8 گیت در PowerShell (Git in PowerShell) A1.9 خلاصه (Summary) A2. پیوست B: گنجاندن گیت در برنامههای شما (Embedding Git in your Applications) A2.1 خط فرمان گیت (Command-line Git) A2.2 کتابخانهٔ گیت به زبان سی (Libgit2) A2.3 کتابخانه گیت برای زبان جاوا (JGit) A2.4 کتابخانه گیت برای زبان گو (go-git) A2.5 کتابخانه گیت پایتون (Dulwich) A3. پیوست C: دستورات گیت (Git Commands) A3.1 تنظیم و پیکربندی (Setup and Config) A3.2 گرفتن و ایجاد پروژهها (Getting and Creating Projects) A3.3 نمونهبرداری پایهای (Basic Snapshotting) A3.4 انشعابگیری و ادغام (Branching and Merging) A3.5 بهاشتراکگذاری و بهروزرسانی پروژهها (Sharing and Updating Projects) A3.6 بازرسی و مقایسه (Inspection and Comparison) A3.7 عیبیابی (Debugging) A3.8 اعمال تغییرات به صورت پچ (Patching) A3.9 ایمیل (Email) A3.10 سیستمهای خارجی (External Systems) A3.11 مدیریت (Administration) A3.12 دستورات سطح پایین گیت (Plumbing Commands) 2nd Edition 4.5 گیت روی سرور (Git on the server) - سرویسدهنده گیت (Git Daemon) سرویسدهنده گیت (Git Daemon) در مرحله بعد، یک سرویسدهنده (daemon) راهاندازی میکنیم که مخازن را با استفاده از پروتکل «Git» ارائه میدهد. این روش، گزینهای رایج برای دسترسی سریع و بدون احراز هویت به دادههای Git شماست. به یاد داشته باشید که از آنجا که این سرویس احراز هویت ندارد، هر چیزی که از طریق این پروتکل ارائه شود در شبکهی مربوطه به صورت عمومی قابل دسترسی خواهد بود. اگر این سرویس را روی سروری خارج از دیوار آتش خود اجرا میکنید، باید فقط برای پروژههایی استفاده شود که برای عموم قابل مشاهده هستند. اگر سرور داخل دیوار آتش شما قرار دارد، میتوانید از آن برای پروژههایی استفاده کنید که تعداد زیادی از افراد یا سیستمها (مانند سرورهای یکپارچهسازی مداوم یا ساخت) دسترسی فقطخواندنی دارند، و نمیخواهید برای هرکدام کلید SSH اضافه کنید. در هر صورت، پروتکل Git نسبتاً آسان برای راهاندازی است. در اصل، باید این دستور را به صورت یک سرویسدهنده اجرا کنید: $ git daemon --reuseaddr --base-path=/srv/git/ /srv/git/ گزینه --reuseaddr اجازه میدهد سرور بدون انتظار برای پایان اتصالهای قدیمی مجدداً راهاندازی شود، در حالی که گزینه --base-path امکان کلون کردن پروژهها را بدون نیاز به مشخص کردن مسیر کامل فراهم میکند، و مسیری که در انتهای دستور میآید به سرویسدهنده Git میگوید کجا به دنبال مخازن برای ارائه باشد. اگر دیوارآتش دارید، باید پورت ۹۴۱۸ را روی سیستمی که این سرویس را راهاندازی میکنید باز کنید. شما میتوانید این فرآیند را به روشهای مختلفی به صورت daemon اجرا کنید، بسته به سیستمعامل مورد استفاده. از آنجایی که systemd رایجترین سیستم init در توزیعهای مدرن لینوکس است، میتوانید از آن برای این منظور استفاده کنید. کافی است فایلی با محتویات زیر در مسیر /etc/systemd/system/git-daemon.service قرار دهید: [Unit] Description=Start Git Daemon [Service] ExecStart=/usr/bin/git daemon --reuseaddr --base-path=/srv/git/ /srv/git/ Restart=always RestartSec=500ms StandardOutput=syslog StandardError=syslog SyslogIdentifier=git-daemon User=git Group=git [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target شاید متوجه شده باشید که سرویسدهنده Git اینجا با git به عنوان گروه و کاربر اجرا شده است. این موارد را متناسب با نیاز خود تغییر دهید و مطمئن شوید کاربر مربوطه روی سیستم وجود دارد. همچنین بررسی کنید که فایل اجرایی Git واقعاً در مسیر /usr/bin/git قرار دارد و در صورت لزوم مسیر را تغییر دهید. در نهایت، با اجرای دستور systemctl enable git-daemon سرویس به صورت خودکار در زمان راهاندازی سیستم فعال میشود، و میتوانید سرویس را با دستورهای systemctl start git-daemon و systemctl stop git-daemon به ترتیب راهاندازی و متوقف کنید. در سیستمهای دیگر، ممکن است بخواهید از xinetd ، اسکریپتی در سیستم sysvinit یا روش دیگری استفاده کنید — به شرطی که بتوانید آن دستور را به صورت daemon شده اجرا و مدیریت کنید. در مرحله بعد باید به Git بگویید کدام مخازن اجازه دسترسی بدون احراز هویت از طریق سرور Git را دارند. برای این کار، در هر مخزن باید فایلی به نام git-daemon-export-ok ایجاد کنید. $ cd /path/to/project.git $ touch git-daemon-export-ok وجود این فایل به Git اعلام میکند که ارائه این پروژه بدون نیاز به احراز هویت مجاز است. prev | next About this site Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. Git is a member of Software Freedom Conservancy | 2026-01-13T09:29:20 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/netscout-arbor-edge-defense/?trk=products_seo_search | Arbor Edge Defense | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn NETSCOUT in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in Arbor Edge Defense DDoS Protection Software by NETSCOUT See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About Arbor Edge Defense is an inline security appliance deployed at the network perimeter that can automatically detect and block inbound threats and outbound malicious communication using highly scalable, stateless technology and unique, global threat intelligence. This product is intended for Cyber Security Engineer Chief Executive Officer Chief Information Officer Network Operations Center Head of Security Security Engineer Director of Security Information Technology Specialist Cyber Security Specialist Media Products media viewer No more previous content Smart Perimeter Protection With NETSCOUT Arbor Edge Defense (AED) NETSCOUT Arbor Edge Defense (AED) blocks inbound threats such as DDoS attacks, and outbound communication from compromised internal hosts - acting as a first and last line of smart, automated, perimeter defense. Perimeter Defense Best Practices Using Arbor Edge Defense NETSCOUT Arbor Edge Defense acts as a first and last line of smart, automated perimeter defense for an organization. It’s deployed on-premise, where it acts as a first line of defense, by blocking inbound DDoS attacks, protecting stateful security devices. Demo: Blocking Ransomware Attack with Arbor Edge Defense Acting as a last line of defense, AED detects and blocks outbound indicators of compromise (or IoCs) that has been missed by other tools in your security stack to stop the proliferation of malware before a data breach. NETSCOUT’s Arbor Edge Defense: The First and Last Line of Defense Adam Bixler, Director, Product Management at NETSCOUT, discusses NETSCOUT AED’s unique functionality and how it augments and strengthens traditional endpoint security. Learn about the value of integrating threat intelligence and DDoS defense as a first and last line of defense. Visit the product page for more information: http://www.netscout.link/6001EPXxb Get VPN Protection with NETSCOUT Arbor Edge Defense A DDoS attack poses a major threat to the availability of the VPN gateway. As employees continue to work from home, protecting the availability of your VPN gateway from DDoS attacks is critical. Unlike a cloud-based DDoS protection solution, NETSCOUT Arbor Edge Defense is a stateless, on-premise solution that can instantaneously detect and mitigate DDoS attacks against the VPN gateway, enabling you to maintain home-based employee productivity and business continuity. No more next content Similar products Cloudflare DDoS Protection Cloudflare DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Cloudflare Spectrum Cloudflare Spectrum DDoS Protection Software Akamai Prolexic Routed Akamai Prolexic Routed DDoS Protection Software OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Kona DDoS Defender Kona DDoS Defender DDoS Protection Software Kaspersky DDoS Protection Kaspersky DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less NETSCOUT products Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection Arbor Cloud DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Arbor Sightline Arbor Sightline Network Monitoring Software Arbor Threat Mitigation System (TMS) Arbor Threat Mitigation System (TMS) DDoS Protection Software InfiniStreamNG (ISNG) InfiniStreamNG (ISNG) Business Continuity Software nGenius Business Analytics nGenius Business Analytics Business Intelligence (BI) Software nGeniusONE nGeniusONE Application Performance Monitoring (APM) Software nGeniusPULSE nGeniusPULSE Network Management Software Omnis Threat Horizon Omnis Threat Horizon DDoS Protection Software Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://git-scm.com/book/ru/v2/%d0%92%d0%b2%d0%b5%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%9a%d0%be%d0%bc%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b4%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d1%81%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be%d0%ba%d0%b0 | Git - Командная строка About Trademark Learn Book Cheat Sheet Videos External Links Tools Command Line GUIs Hosting Reference Install Community This book is available in English . Full translation available in azərbaycan dili , български език , Deutsch , Español , فارسی , Français , Ελληνικά , 日本語 , 한국어 , Nederlands , Русский , Slovenščina , Tagalog , Українська , 简体中文 , Partial translations available in Čeština , Македонски , Polski , Српски , Ўзбекча , 繁體中文 , Translations started for Беларуская , Indonesian , Italiano , Bahasa Melayu , Português (Brasil) , Português (Portugal) , Svenska , Türkçe . The source of this book is hosted on GitHub. Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. Chapters ▾ 1. Введение 1.1 О системе контроля версий 1.2 Краткая история Git 1.3 Что такое Git? 1.4 Командная строка 1.5 Установка Git 1.6 Первоначальная настройка Git 1.7 Как получить помощь? 1.8 Заключение 2. Основы Git 2.1 Создание Git-репозитория 2.2 Запись изменений в репозиторий 2.3 Просмотр истории коммитов 2.4 Операции отмены 2.5 Работа с удалёнными репозиториями 2.6 Работа с тегами 2.7 Псевдонимы в Git 2.8 Заключение 3. Ветвление в Git 3.1 О ветвлении в двух словах 3.2 Основы ветвления и слияния 3.3 Управление ветками 3.4 Работа с ветками 3.5 Удалённые ветки 3.6 Перебазирование 3.7 Заключение 4. Git на сервере 4.1 Протоколы 4.2 Установка Git на сервер 4.3 Генерация открытого SSH ключа 4.4 Настраиваем сервер 4.5 Git-демон 4.6 Умный HTTP 4.7 GitWeb 4.8 GitLab 4.9 Git-хостинг 4.10 Заключение 5. Распределённый Git 5.1 Распределённый рабочий процесс 5.2 Участие в проекте 5.3 Сопровождение проекта 5.4 Заключение 6. GitHub 6.1 Настройка и конфигурация учётной записи 6.2 Внесение собственного вклада в проекты 6.3 Сопровождение проекта 6.4 Управление организацией 6.5 Создание сценариев GitHub 6.6 Заключение 7. Инструменты Git 7.1 Выбор ревизии 7.2 Интерактивное индексирование 7.3 Припрятывание и очистка 7.4 Подпись 7.5 Поиск 7.6 Перезапись истории 7.7 Раскрытие тайн reset 7.8 Продвинутое слияние 7.9 Rerere 7.10 Обнаружение ошибок с помощью Git 7.11 Подмодули 7.12 Создание пакетов 7.13 Замена 7.14 Хранилище учётных данных 7.15 Заключение 8. Настройка Git 8.1 Конфигурация Git 8.2 Атрибуты Git 8.3 Хуки в Git 8.4 Пример принудительной политики Git 8.5 Заключение 9. Git и другие системы контроля версий 9.1 Git как клиент 9.2 Переход на Git 9.3 Заключение 10. Git изнутри 10.1 Сантехника и Фарфор 10.2 Объекты Git 10.3 Ссылки в Git 10.4 Pack-файлы 10.5 Спецификации ссылок 10.6 Протоколы передачи данных 10.7 Обслуживание репозитория и восстановление данных 10.8 Переменные окружения 10.9 Заключение A1. Приложение A: Git в других окружениях A1.1 Графические интерфейсы A1.2 Git в Visual Studio A1.3 Git в Visual Studio Code A1.4 Git в Eclipse A1.5 Git в IntelliJ / PyCharm / WebStorm / PhpStorm / RubyMine A1.6 Git в Sublime Text A1.7 Git в Bash A1.8 Git в Zsh A1.9 Git в PowerShell A1.10 Заключение A2. Приложение B: Встраивание Git в ваши приложения A2.1 Git из командной строки A2.2 Libgit2 A2.3 JGit A2.4 go-git A2.5 Dulwich A3. Приложение C: Команды Git A3.1 Настройка и конфигурация A3.2 Клонирование и создание репозиториев A3.3 Основные команды A3.4 Ветвление и слияния A3.5 Совместная работа и обновление проектов A3.6 Осмотр и сравнение A3.7 Отладка A3.8 Внесение исправлений A3.9 Работа с помощью электронной почты A3.10 Внешние системы A3.11 Администрирование A3.12 Низкоуровневые команды 2nd Edition 1.4 Введение - Командная строка Командная строка Есть много различных способов использования Git. Помимо оригинального клиента, имеющего интерфейс командной строки, существует множество клиентов с графическим пользовательским интерфейсом, в той или иной степени реализующих функциональность Git. В рамках данной книги мы будем использовать Git в командной строке. С одной стороны, командная строка — это единственное место, где вы можете запустить все команды Git, так как большинство клиентов с графическим интерфейсом реализуют для простоты только некоторую часть функциональности Git. Если вы знаете, как выполнить какое-либо действие в командной строке, вы, вероятно, сможете выяснить, как то же самое сделать и в GUI-версии, а вот обратное не всегда верно. Кроме того, в то время, как выбор графического клиента — это дело личного вкуса, инструменты командной строки доступны всем пользователям сразу после установки Git. Поэтому мы предполагаем, что вы знаете, как открыть терминал в Mac или командную строку, или PowerShell в Windows. Если вам не понятно, о чем мы здесь говорим, то вам, возможно, придётся ненадолго прерваться и изучить эти вопросы, чтобы вы могли понимать примеры и пояснения из этой книги. prev | next About this site Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. Git is a member of Software Freedom Conservancy | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://git-scm.com/book/de/v2/Verteiltes-Git-Ein-Projekt-verwalten | Git - Ein Projekt verwalten About Trademark Learn Book Cheat Sheet Videos External Links Tools Command Line GUIs Hosting Reference Install Community This book is available in English . Full translation available in azərbaycan dili , български език , Deutsch , Español , فارسی , Français , Ελληνικά , 日本語 , 한국어 , Nederlands , Русский , Slovenščina , Tagalog , Українська , 简体中文 , Partial translations available in Čeština , Македонски , Polski , Српски , Ўзбекча , 繁體中文 , Translations started for Беларуская , Indonesian , Italiano , Bahasa Melayu , Português (Brasil) , Português (Portugal) , Svenska , Türkçe . The source of this book is hosted on GitHub. Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. Chapters ▾ 1. Erste Schritte 1.1 Was ist Versionsverwaltung? 1.2 Kurzer Überblick über die Historie von Git 1.3 Was ist Git? 1.4 Die Kommandozeile 1.5 Git installieren 1.6 Git Basis-Konfiguration 1.7 Hilfe finden 1.8 Zusammenfassung 2. Git Grundlagen 2.1 Ein Git-Repository anlegen 2.2 Änderungen nachverfolgen und im Repository speichern 2.3 Anzeigen der Commit-Historie 2.4 Ungewollte Änderungen rückgängig machen 2.5 Mit Remotes arbeiten 2.6 Taggen 2.7 Git Aliases 2.8 Zusammenfassung 3. Git Branching 3.1 Branches auf einen Blick 3.2 Einfaches Branching und Merging 3.3 Branch-Management 3.4 Branching-Workflows 3.5 Remote-Branches 3.6 Rebasing 3.7 Zusammenfassung 4. Git auf dem Server 4.1 Die Protokolle 4.2 Git auf einem Server einrichten 4.3 Erstellung eines SSH-Public-Keys 4.4 Einrichten des Servers 4.5 Git-Daemon 4.6 Smart HTTP 4.7 GitWeb 4.8 GitLab 4.9 Von Drittanbietern gehostete Optionen 4.10 Zusammenfassung 5. Verteiltes Git 5.1 Verteilter Arbeitsablauf 5.2 An einem Projekt mitwirken 5.3 Ein Projekt verwalten 5.4 Zusammenfassung 6. GitHub 6.1 Einrichten und Konfigurieren eines Kontos 6.2 Mitwirken an einem Projekt 6.3 Ein Projekt betreuen 6.4 Verwalten einer Organisation 6.5 Skripte mit GitHub 6.6 Zusammenfassung 7. Git Tools 7.1 Revisions-Auswahl 7.2 Interaktives Stagen 7.3 Stashen und Bereinigen 7.4 Deine Arbeit signieren 7.5 Suchen 7.6 Den Verlauf umschreiben 7.7 Reset entzaubert 7.8 Fortgeschrittenes Merging 7.9 Rerere 7.10 Debuggen mit Git 7.11 Submodule 7.12 Bundling 7.13 Replace (Ersetzen) 7.14 Anmeldeinformationen speichern 7.15 Zusammenfassung 8. Git einrichten 8.1 Git Konfiguration 8.2 Git-Attribute 8.3 Git Hooks 8.4 Beispiel für Git-forcierte Regeln 8.5 Zusammenfassung 9. Git und andere VCS-Systeme 9.1 Git als Client 9.2 Migration zu Git 9.3 Zusammenfassung 10. Git Interna 10.1 Basisbefehle und Standardbefehle (Plumbing and Porcelain) 10.2 Git Objekte 10.3 Git Referenzen 10.4 Packdateien (engl. Packfiles) 10.5 Die Referenzspezifikation (engl. Refspec) 10.6 Transfer Protokolle 10.7 Wartung und Datenwiederherstellung 10.8 Umgebungsvariablen 10.9 Zusammenfassung A1. Anhang A: Git in anderen Umgebungen A1.1 Grafische Schnittstellen A1.2 Git in Visual Studio A1.3 Git in Visual Studio Code A1.4 Git in IntelliJ / PyCharm / WebStorm / PhpStorm / RubyMine A1.5 Git in Sublime Text A1.6 Git in Bash A1.7 Git in Zsh A1.8 Git in PowerShell A1.9 Zusammenfassung A2. Anhang B: Git in deine Anwendungen einbetten A2.1 Die Git-Kommandozeile A2.2 Libgit2 A2.3 JGit A2.4 go-git A2.5 Dulwich A3. Anhang C: Git Kommandos A3.1 Setup und Konfiguration A3.2 Projekte importieren und erstellen A3.3 Einfache Snapshot-Funktionen A3.4 Branching und Merging A3.5 Projekte gemeinsam nutzen und aktualisieren A3.6 Kontrollieren und Vergleichen A3.7 Debugging A3.8 Patchen bzw. Fehlerkorrektur A3.9 E-mails A3.10 Externe Systeme A3.11 Administration A3.12 Basisbefehle 2nd Edition 5.3 Verteiltes Git - Ein Projekt verwalten Ein Projekt verwalten Du musst nicht nur wissen, wie du effektiv zu einem Projekt etwas beitragen kannst. Du solltest auch wissen, wie du ein Projekt verwaltest. Du musst bspw. wissen wie du Patches akzeptierst und anwendest, die über format-patch generiert und per E-Mail an dich gesendet wurden. Weiterhin solltest du wissen wie du Änderungen in Remote-Branches für Repositorys integrierst, die du als Remotes zu deinem Projekt hinzugefügt habst. Unabhängig davon, ob du ein zentrales Repository verwalten oder durch Überprüfen oder Genehmigen von Patches helfen möchtest, mmusst du wissen, wie du die Arbeit Anderer so akzeptierst, dass es für andere Mitwirkende transparent und auf lange Sicht auch nachhaltig ist. Arbeiten in Featurebranches Wenn man vorhat, neuen Code zu integrieren, ist es im Allgemeinen eine gute Idee, diesen in einem Feature Branch zu testen. Das ist ein temporärer Branch, der speziell zum Ausprobieren dieser neuen Änderungen erstellt wurde. Auf diese Weise ist es einfach, einen Patch einzeln zu optimieren und ihn nicht weiter zu bearbeiten, wenn er nicht funktioniert, bis du wieder Zeit hast, dich wieder damit zu befassen. Du solltest einen einfachen Branchnamen erstellen, der auf dem Thema der Arbeit basiert, die du durchführst, wie z.B. ruby_client oder etwas ähnlich Aussagekräftiges. Dann kannst du dich später leichter daran erinnern, falls du den Branch für eine Weile hast ruhen lassen und später daran weiter arbeitest. Der Betreuer des Git-Projekts neigt auch dazu, diese Branches mit einem Namespace zu versehen – wie z. B. sc/ruby_client , wobei sc für die Person steht, die die Arbeit beigesteuert hat. Wie du dich erinnerst, kannst du den Branch basierend auf deinem master Branch wie folgt erstellen: $ git branch sc/ruby_client master Wenn du anschließend sofort zum neuen Branch wechseln möchtest, kannst du auch die Option checkout -b verwenden: $ git checkout -b sc/ruby_client master Jetzt kannst du die getätigte Arbeit zu diesem Branch hinzufügen und festlegen, ob du ihn mit deinen bestehenden Branches zusammenführen möchtest. Integrieren von Änderungen aus E-Mails Wenn du einen Patch per E-Mail erhältst, den du in deinem Projekt integrieren möchtest, musst du den Patch in deinem Feature Branch einfließen lassen, damit du ihn prüfen kannst. Es gibt zwei Möglichkeiten, einen per E-Mail versendeten Patch anzuwenden: mit git apply oder mit git am . Änderungen mit apply integrieren Wenn du den Patch von jemandem erhalten hast, der ihn mit git diff oder mit einer Variante des Unix-Befehls diff erzeugt hat (was nicht empfohlen wird; siehe nächster Abschnitt), kannst du ihn mit dem Befehl git apply integrieren. Angenommen du hast den Patch unter /tmp/patch-ruby-client.patch gespeichert. Dann kannst du den Patch folgendermaßen integrieren: $ git apply /tmp/patch-ruby-client.patch Hierdurch werden die Dateien in deinem Arbeitsverzeichnis geändert. Es ist fast identisch mit dem Ausführen eines patch -p1 Befehls zum Anwenden des Patches, obwohl es vorsichtiger ist und unscharfe Übereinstimmungen selektiver als patch akzeptiert. Damit kann man auch Dateien Hinzufügen, Löschen und Umbenennen, wenn diese im git diff Format beschrieben sind, was mit patch nicht möglich ist. Zu guter Letzt ist git apply ein „wende alles oder nichts an“ Modell, bei dem entweder alles oder nichts übernommen wird. patch hingegen integriert Patchdateien eventuell nur teilweise und kann dein Arbeitsverzeichnis in einem undefinierten Zustand versetzen. git apply ist insgesamt sehr viel konservativer als patch . Es wird kein Commit erstellen. Nach dem Ausführen musst du die eingeführten Änderungen manuell bereitstellen und comitten. Du kannst git apply verwenden, um zu prüfen, ob ein Patch ordnungsgemäß integriert werden kann, bevor du versuchst, ihn tatsächlich anzuwenden. Du kannst git apply --check auf den Patch ausführen: $ git apply --check 0001-see-if-this-helps-the-gem.patch error: patch failed: ticgit.gemspec:1 error: ticgit.gemspec: patch does not apply Wenn keine Ausgabe erfolgt, sollte der Patch ordnungsgemäß angewendet werden können. Dieser Befehl wird auch mit einem Rückgabewert ungleich Null beendet, wenn die Prüfung fehlschlägt. So kannst du ihn bei Bedarf in Skripten verwenden. Änderungen mit am integrieren Wenn der Beitragende ein Git-Benutzer ist und den Befehl format-patch zum Generieren seines Patches verwendet hat, ist deine Arbeit einfacher. Der Patch enthält bereits Informationen über den Autor und eine entsprechende Commitnachricht. Wenn möglich, ermutige die Beitragenden format-patch anstelle von diff zum Erstellen von Patches zu verwenden. Du solltest git apply nur für ältere Patches und ähnliche Dinge verwenden. Um einen von format-patch erzeugten Patch zu integrieren, verwende git am (der Befehl heißt am , da er verwendet wird, um „eine Reihe von Patches aus einer Mailbox anzuwenden“). Technisch gesehen ist git am so aufgebaut, dass eine mbox-Datei gelesen werden kann. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein einfaches Nur-Text-Format zum Speichern einer oder mehrerer E-Mail-Nachrichten in einer Textdatei. Das sieht in etwa so aus: From 330090432754092d704da8e76ca5c05c198e71a8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Jessica Smith <jessica@example.com> Date: Sun, 6 Apr 2008 10:17:23 -0700 Subject: [PATCH 1/2] Add limit to log function Limit log functionality to the first 20 Dies ist der Anfang der Ausgabe des Befehls git format-patch , den du im vorherigen Abschnitt gesehen hast. Es zeigt ein gültiges mbox Email Format. Wenn dir jemand den Patch ordnungsgemäß mit git send-email per E-Mail zugesendet hat und du ihn in ein mbox-Format herunterlädst, kannst du git am auf diese mbox-Datei ausführen. Damit werden alle angezeigten Patches entsprechend angewendet. Wenn du einen Mail-Client ausführst, der mehrere E-Mails im Mbox-Format speichern kann, kannst du ganze Patch-Serien in einer Datei speichern. Diese können anschließend mit git am einzeln angewendet werden. Wenn jemand eine mit git format-patch erzeugte Patch-Datei in ein Ticketsystem oder ähnliches hochgeladen hat, kannst du die Datei lokal speichern. Die Datei kannst du dann an git am übergeben, um sie zu integrieren: $ git am 0001-limit-log-function.patch Applying: Add limit to log function Wie du sehen kannst, wurde der Patch korrekt integriert und es wurde automatisch ein neuer Commit für dich erstellt. Die Autoreninformationen werden aus den Kopfzeilen From und Date der E-Mail entnommen und die Commitnachricht wird aus dem Subject und dem Textkörper (vor dem Patch) der E-Mail entnommen. Wenn dieser Patch bspw. aus dem obigen mbox-Beispiel angewendet würde, würde der erzeugte Commit in etwa so aussehen: $ git log --pretty=fuller -1 commit 6c5e70b984a60b3cecd395edd5b48a7575bf58e0 Author: Jessica Smith <jessica@example.com> AuthorDate: Sun Apr 6 10:17:23 2008 -0700 Commit: Scott Chacon <schacon@gmail.com> CommitDate: Thu Apr 9 09:19:06 2009 -0700 Add limit to log function Limit log functionality to the first 20 Die Commit Informationen gibt die Person an, die den Patch angewendet hat und den Zeitpunkt, wann er angewendet wurde. Die Author Information gibt die Person an, die den Patch ursprünglich erstellt hat und wann er ursprünglich erstellt wurde. Es besteht jedoch die Möglichkeit, dass der Patch nicht sauber angewendet werden kann. Möglicherweise ist dein Hauptbranch zu weit vom Branch entfernt, von dem aus der Patch erstellt wurde. Oder aber der Patch hängt noch von einem anderen Patch ab, den du noch nicht angewendet hast. In diesem Fall schlägt der Prozess git am fehl und du wirst gefragt, was du tun möchtest: $ git am 0001-see-if-this-helps-the-gem.patch Applying: See if this helps the gem error: patch failed: ticgit.gemspec:1 error: ticgit.gemspec: patch does not apply Patch failed at 0001. When you have resolved this problem run "git am --resolved". If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run "git am --skip". To restore the original branch and stop patching run "git am --abort". Dieser Befehl fügt Konfliktmarkierungen in alle Dateien ein, in denen Probleme auftreten. Ähnlich wie bei einem Konflikt bei der Zusammenführung (engl. merge) bzw. bei der Reorganisation (engl. rebase). Du löst dieses Problem auf die gleiche Art: Bearbeite die Datei, um den Konflikt zu lösen. Anschließend füge die neue Datei der Staging-Area hinzu und führe dann git am --resolved aus, um mit dem nächsten Patch fortzufahren: $ (fix the file) $ git add ticgit.gemspec $ git am --resolved Applying: See if this helps the gem Wenn du möchtest, dass Git den Konflikt etwas intelligenter löst, kannst du ihm die Option „-3“ übergeben, wodurch Git versucht, eine Drei-Wege-Merge durchzuführen. Diese Option ist standardmäßig nicht aktiviert, da sie nicht funktioniert, wenn sich der Commit, auf dem der Patch basiert, nicht in deinem Repository befindet. Wenn du diesen Commit hast – wenn der Patch auf einem öffentlichen Commit basiert -, ist die Option „-3“ im Allgemeinen viel intelligenter beim Anwenden eines Patch mit Konflikten: $ git am -3 0001-see-if-this-helps-the-gem.patch Applying: See if this helps the gem error: patch failed: ticgit.gemspec:1 error: ticgit.gemspec: patch does not apply Using index info to reconstruct a base tree... Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge... No changes -- Patch already applied. In diesem Fall wäre der Patch ohne die Option -3 als Konflikt gewertet worden. Da die Option -3 verwendet wurde, konnte der Patch sauber angewendet werden. Wenn du mehrere Patches aus mbox anwendest, kannst du auch den Befehl am im interaktiven Modus ausführen. Bei jedem gefundenen Patch wird angehalten und du wirst gefragt, ob du ihn anwenden möchtest: $ git am -3 -i mbox Commit Body is: -------------------------- See if this helps the gem -------------------------- Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all Dies ist hilfreich, wenn du eine Reihe von Patches gespeichert hast. Du kannst dir den Patch anzeigen lassen, wenn du dich nicht daran erinnerst, worum es genau geht. Oder du wendest den Patch nicht an, weil du es bereits getan hast. Wenn alle Patches für dein Feature angewendet und in deinem Branch committet wurden, kannst du auswählen, ob und wie du sie in einen Hauptbranch integrieren möchtest. Remote Branches auschecken Wenn du einen Beitrag von einem Git-Nutzer erhältst, der sein eigenes Repository eingerichtet, eine Reihe von Änderungen vorgenommen und dir dann die URL zum Repository und den Namen des Remote-Branchs gesendet hat, in dem sich die Änderungen befinden, dann kannst du diesen als remote hinzufügen und die Änderungen lokal zusammenführen. Wenn Jessica dir bspw. eine E-Mail sendet, die besagt, dass sie eine großartige neue Funktion im ruby-client Branch ihres Repositorys hat, kannst du diese testen, indem du den Branch als remote hinzufügst und ihn lokal auscheckst: $ git remote add jessica https://github.com/jessica/myproject.git $ git fetch jessica $ git checkout -b rubyclient jessica/ruby-client Wenn Jessica dir später erneut eine E-Mail mit einem anderen Branch sendet, der eine weitere großartige Funktion enthält, kannst du diese direkt abrufen und auschecken, da du bereits über das Remote Repository verfügst. Dies ist vor allem dann nützlich, wenn du durchgängig mit einer Person arbeitest. Wenn jemand nur selten einen Patch empfängt, ist das Akzeptieren über E-Mail möglicherweise weniger zeitaufwendig. Andernfalls müsste jeder seinen eigenen Server unterhalten und Remotes hinzufügen und entfernen, um diese wenige Patches zu erhalten. Es ist auch unwahrscheinlich, dass du Hunderte von Remotes einbinden möchtest für Personen, die nur ein oder zwei Patches beisteuern. Skripte und gehostete Dienste können dies jedoch vereinfachen – dies hängt weitgehend davon ab, wie du und die Mitwirkenden entwickeln. Der andere Vorteil dieses Ansatzes ist, dass du auch die Historie der Commits erhältst. Obwohl du möglicherweise Probleme bei der Zusammenführungen hast, wissen du, worauf in deiner Historie deren Arbeit basiert. Eine ordnungsgemäße Drei-Wege-Zusammenführung ist die Standardeinstellung, anstatt ein „-3“ einzugeben, und zu hoffen, dass der Patch aus einem öffentlichen Commit generiert wurde, auf den du Zugriff hast. Wenn du nicht durchgängig mit einer Person arbeitest, aber dennoch auf diese Weise von dieser Person abrufen möchtest, kannst du die URL des Remote-Repositorys für den Befehl git pull angeben. Dies führt einen einmaligen Abruf durch und speichert die URL nicht als Remote-Referenz: $ git pull https://github.com/onetimeguy/project From https://github.com/onetimeguy/project * branch HEAD -> FETCH_HEAD Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy. Bestimmen, was übernommen wird Stell dir vor, du hast einen Feature Branch mit neuen Beiträgen. An dieser Stelle kannst du festlegen, was du damit machen möchtest. In diesem Abschnitt werden einige Befehle noch einmal behandelt. Mit diesen kannst du genau überprüfen, was du übernimmst, wenn du die Beiträge in deinem Hauptbranch zusammenführst. Es ist oft hilfreich, eine Überprüfung über alle Commits zu erhalten, die sich in diesem Branch jedoch nicht in deinem master Branch befinden. Du kannst Commits im master Branch ausschließen, indem du die Option --not vor dem Branchnamen hinzufügst. Dies entspricht dem Format master..contrib , welches wir zuvor verwendet haben. Wenn deine Mitstreiter dir bspw. zwei Patches senden und du einen Branch mit dem Namen contrib erstellst und diese Patches dort anwendest, kannst du Folgendes ausführen: $ git log contrib --not master commit 5b6235bd297351589efc4d73316f0a68d484f118 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gmail.com> Date: Fri Oct 24 09:53:59 2008 -0700 See if this helps the gem commit 7482e0d16d04bea79d0dba8988cc78df655f16a0 Author: Scott Chacon <schacon@gmail.com> Date: Mon Oct 22 19:38:36 2008 -0700 Update gemspec to hopefully work better Denke daran, dass du die Option -p an git log übergeben kannst, um zu sehen, welche Änderungen jeder Commit einführt. Um einen vollständigen Überblick darüber zu erhalten, was passieren würde, wenn du diesen Branch mit einem anderen Branch zusammenführen würdest, musst du möglicherweise einen ungewöhnlichen Kniff anwenden, um die richtigen Ergebnisse zu erzielen. Eventuell denkst du daran folgendes auszuführen: $ git diff master Dieser Befehl gibt die die Unterschiede zurück. Dies kann jedoch irreführend sein. Wenn dein Masterbranch vorgerückt ist, seit du den Feature-Branch daraus erstellt hast, erhältst du scheinbar unerwartete Ergebnisse. Dies geschieht, weil Git den Snapshots des letzten Commits des Branches, in dem du dich befindest, und den Snapshot des letzten Commits des Branches master direkt miteinander vergleicht. Wenn du bspw. eine Zeile in eine Datei im Branch master eingefügt hast, sieht ein direkter Vergleich des Snapshots so aus, als würde der Feature Branch diese Zeile entfernen. Wenn master ein direkter Vorgänger deines Feature-Branches ist, ist dies kein Problem. Wenn aber beiden Historien voneinander abweichen, sieht es so aus, als würdest du alle neuen Inhalte in deinem Featurebranch hinzufügen und alles entfernen, was im master Branch eindeutig ist. Was du wirklich sehen möchtest, sind die Änderungen, die dem Featurebranch hinzugefügt wurden. Die Arbeit, die du hinzufügst, wenn du den neuen Branch mit master zusammenführst. Du tust dies, indem Git den letzten Commit in deinem Featurebranch mit dem ersten gemeinsamen Vorgänger aus dem master Branch vergleicht. Technisch gesehen könntest du dies tun, indem du den gemeinsamen Vorgänger explizit herausfindest und dann dein diff darauf ausführst: $ git merge-base contrib master 36c7dba2c95e6bbb78dfa822519ecfec6e1ca649 $ git diff 36c7db oder kurzgefasst: $ git diff $(git merge-base contrib master) Beides ist jedoch nicht besonders praktisch, weshalb Git einen anderen Weg für diesen Vorgang bietet: die Drei-Punkt-Syntax (engl. Triple-Dot-Syntax). Im Kontext des Befehls git diff kannst du drei Punkte nach einem anderen Branch einfügen, um ein diff zwischen dem letzten Commit deines aktuellen Branch und dem gemeinsamen Vorgänger eines anderen Branches zu erstellen: $ git diff master...contrib Dieser Befehl zeigt dir nur die Arbeit an, die dein aktueller Branch seit dem gemeinsamen Vorgänger mit master eingeführt hat. Dies ist eine sehr nützliche Syntax, die du dir merken solltest. Beiträge integrieren Wenn dein Featurebranch bereit ist, um in einen Hauptbranch integriert zu werden, lautet die Frage, wie du dies tun kannst. Welchen Workflow möchtest du verwenden, um dein Projekt zu verwalten? Du hast eine Reihe von Möglichkeiten, daher werden wir einige davon behandeln. Zusammenführungs Workflow (engl. mergen) Ein grundlegender Workflow besteht darin, all diese Arbeiten einfach direkt in deinem master Branch zusammenzuführen. In diesem Szenario hast du einen master Branch, der stabilen Code enthält. Wenn du in einem Branch arbeitest, von dem du glaubst, dass du ihn abgeschlossen hast, oder von jemand anderem beigesteuert und überprüft hast, führst du ihn in deinem Hauptbranch zusammen. Lösche anschließend diesen gerade zusammengeführten Branch und wiederholen den Vorgang bei Bedarf. Wenn wir zum Beispiel ein Repository mit zwei Branches namens ruby_client und php_client haben, die wie Historie mit mehreren Topic Branches aussehen, und wir ruby_client gefolgt von php_client zusammenführen, sieht dein Verlauf so aus Status nach einem Featurebranch Merge . Abbildung 72. Historie mit mehreren Topic Branches Abbildung 73. Status nach einem Featurebranch Merge Das ist wahrscheinlich der einfachste Workflow. Es kann jedoch zu Problemen kommen, wenn du größere oder stabilere Projekte bearbeitest. Bei diesen musst du mit der Einführung von Änderungen sehr vorsichtig sein. Wenn du ein wichtiges Projekt hast, möchtest du möglicherweise einen zweistufigen Merge Prozess verwenden. In diesem Szenario hast du zwei lange laufende Branches namens master und develop . Du legst fest, dass master nur dann aktualisiert wird, wenn eine sehr stabile Version vorhanden ist und der gesamte neue Code in den Branch develop integriert wird. Du pushst diese beiden Branches regelmäßig in das öffentliche Repository. Jedes Mal, wenn du einen neuen Branch zum Zusammenführen hast ( Vor einem Featurebranch Merge ), führst du ihn in develop ( Nach einem Featurebranch Merge ) zusammen. Wenn du nun ein Release mit einem Tag versiehst, spulst du master an dieser Stelle weiter, an der sich der jetzt stabile develop Branch befindet ( Nach einem Projekt Release ). Abbildung 74. Vor einem Featurebranch Merge Abbildung 75. Nach einem Featurebranch Merge Abbildung 76. Nach einem Projekt Release Auf diese Weise können Benutzer, die das Repository deines Projekts klonen, entweder master oder develop auschecken. Mit master können sie die neueste stabile Version erstellen und somit recht einfache auf dem neuesten Stand bleiben. Oder sie können develop auschecken, welchen den aktuellsten Inhalt enthält. Du kannst dieses Konzept auch erweitern, indem du einen integrate Branch einrichtest, in dem alle Arbeiten zusammengeführt werden. Wenn die Codebasis auf diesem Branch stabil ist und die Tests erfolgreich sind, kannst du sie zu einem Entwicklungsbranch zusammen führen. Wenn sich dieser dann als stabil erwiesen hat, kannst du deinen master Branch fast-forwarden. Workflows mit umfangreichen Merges Das Git-Projekt selber hat vier kontinuierlich laufende Branches: master , next und seen (vormals 'pu' – vorgeschlagene Updates) für neue Arbeiten und maint für Wartungs-Backports. Wenn neue Arbeiten von Mitwirkenden eingereicht werden, werden sie in ähnlicher Weise wie oben beschrieben in Featurebranches im Projektrepository des Betreuers gesammelt (siehe Verwaltung einer komplexen Reihe paralleler Featurebranches ). Zu diesem Zeitpunkt werden die Features evaluiert, um festzustellen, ob sie korrekt sind und zur Weiterverarbeitung bereit sind oder ob sie Nacharbeit benötigen. Wenn sie korrekt sind, werden sie zu next zusammengeführt, und dieser Branch wird dann gepusht, damit jeder die miteinander integrierten Features testen kann. Abbildung 77. Verwaltung einer komplexen Reihe paralleler Featurebranches Wenn die Features noch bearbeitet werden müssen, werden sie in seen gemerged. Wenn festgestellt wird, dass sie absolut stabil sind, werden die Features wieder zu master zusammengeführt. Die Branches next und seen werden dann von master neu aufgebaut. Dies bedeutet, dass master fast immer vorwärts geht, next wird gelegentlich und seen häufiger rebased: Abbildung 78. Zusammenführen von Featurebranches in langfristige Integrationsbranches Wenn ein Branch schließlich zu master zusammengeführt wurde, wird er aus dem Repository entfernt. Das Git-Projekt hat auch einen maint Branch, der von letzten release geforkt wurde, um für den Fall, dass eine Wartungsversion erforderlich ist, Backport-Patches bereitzustellen. Wenn du das Git-Repository also klonst, stehen dir vier Branches zur Verfügung, mit denen du das Projekt in verschiedenen Entwicklungsstadien bewerten kannst, je nachdem, wie aktuell du sein möchtest oder wie du einen Beitrag leisten möchtest. Der Betreuer verfügt über einen strukturierten Workflow, der ihm hilft, neue Beiträge zu überprüfen. Der Workflow des Git-Projekts ist sehr speziell. Um dies zu verstehen, kannst du das Git Maintainer’s guide lesen. Rebasing und Cherry-Picking Workflows Andere Betreuer bevorzugen es, die Arbeit auf ihrem master Branch zu rebasen oder zu cherry-picken, anstatt sie zusammenzuführen, um einen linearen Verlauf beizubehalten. Wenn du in einem Featureranch arbeitest und dich dazu entschlossen hast, ihn zu integrieren, wechselst du in diesen Branch und führst den rebase Befehl aus, um die Änderungen auf deinen master (oder develop Branch usw.) aufzubauen. Wenn das gut funktioniert, kannst du deinen master Branch fast-forwarden, und du erhältst eine lineare Projekthistorie. Eine andere Möglichkeit, die eingeführte Arbeit von einem Branch in einen anderen zu verschieben, besteht darin, sie zu cherry-picken. Ein Cherry-Pick in Git ist wie ein Rebase für ein einzelnes Commit. Es nimmt den Patch, der in einem Commit eingeführt wurde, und versucht ihn erneut auf den Branch anzuwenden, auf dem du dich gerade befindest. Dies ist nützlich, wenn du eine Reihe von Commits für einen Branch hast und nur einen davon integrieren möchtest. Oder aber wenn du nur einen Commit für einen Branch hast und es vorziehst, diesen zu cherry-picken, anstatt ein Rebase auszuführen. Angenommen, du hast ein Projekt, das folgendermaßen aussieht: Abbildung 79. Beispiel Historie vor einem Cherry-Pick Wenn du den Commit „e43a6“ in deinem master Branch ziehen möchtest, kannst du folgendes ausführen: $ git cherry-pick e43a6 Finished one cherry-pick. [master]: created a0a41a9: "More friendly message when locking the index fails." 3 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) Dies zieht die gleiche Änderung nach sich, die in e43a6 eingeführt wurde. Du erhältst jedoch einen neuen Commit SHA-1-Wert, da das angewendete Datum unterschiedlich ist. Nun sieht die Historie so aus: Abbildung 80. Historie nach Cherry-Picken eines Commits auf einen Featurebranch Jetzt kannst du deinen Featurebranch entfernen und die Commits löschen, die du nicht einbeziehen willst. Rerere Wenn du viel mergst und rebased oder einen langlebigen Featurebranch pflegst, hat Git eine Funktion namens „rerere“, die nützlich sein kann. Rerere steht für „reuse recorded resolution“ (deutsch „Aufgezeichnete Lösung wiederverwenden“). Es ist eine Möglichkeit, die manuelle Konfliktlösung zu verkürzen. Wenn rerere aktiviert ist, behält Git eine Reihe von Pre- und Postimages von erfolgreichen Commits bei. Wenn es feststellt, dass ein Konflikt genauso aussieht, wie der, den du bereits behoben hast, wird die Korrektur vom letzten Mal verwendet, ohne nochmal nachzufragen. Diese Funktion besteht aus zwei Teilen: einer Konfigurationseinstellung und einem Befehl. Die Konfigurationseinstellung lautet rerere.enabled . Man kann sie in die globale Konfiguration eingeben: $ git config --global rerere.enabled true Wenn du nun einen merge durchführst, der Konflikte auflöst, wird diese Auflösung im Cache für die Zukunft gespeichert. Bei Bedarf kannst du mit dem rerere Cache mittels des Befehls git rerere interagieren. Wenn der Befehlt ausgeführt wird, überprüft Git seine Lösungsdatenbank und versucht eine Übereinstimmung mit aktuellen Mergekonflikten zu finden und diesen zu lösen (dies geschieht jedoch automatisch, wenn rerere.enabled auf` true` gesetzt ist). Es gibt auch Subbefehle, um zu sehen, was aufgezeichnet wird, um eine bestimmte Konfliktlösung aus dem Cache zu löschen oder um den gesamten Cache zu löschen. Wir werden uns in Rerere eingehender mit rerere beschäftigen. Tagging deines Releases Wenn du dich entschieden hast, ein Release zu erstellen, dann möchtest du wahrscheinlich einen Tag zuweisen, damit du dieses Release in Zukunft jederzeit neu erstellen kannst. Du kannst einen neuen Tag erstellen, wie in Git Grundlagen beschrieben. Wenn du den Tag als Betreuer signieren möchtest, sieht der Tag möglicherweise folgendermaßen aus: $ git tag -s v1.5 -m 'my signed 1.5 tag' You need a passphrase to unlock the secret key for user: "Scott Chacon <schacon@gmail.com>" 1024-bit DSA key, ID F721C45A, created 2009-02-09 Wenn du deinen Tags signierst, hast du möglicherweise das Problem, den öffentlichen PGP-Schlüssel zu verteilen, der zum Signieren deines Tags verwendet wird. Der Betreuer des Git-Projekts hat dieses Problem behoben, indem er seinen öffentlichen Schlüssel als Blob in das Repository aufgenommen und anschließend einen Tag hinzugefügt hat, der direkt auf diesen Inhalt verweist. Um dies zu tun, kannst du herausfinden, welchen Schlüssel du möchtest, indem du gpg --list-keys ausführst: $ gpg --list-keys /Users/schacon/.gnupg/pubring.gpg --------------------------------- pub 1024D/F721C45A 2009-02-09 [expires: 2010-02-09] uid Scott Chacon <schacon@gmail.com> sub 2048g/45D02282 2009-02-09 [expires: 2010-02-09] Anschließend kannst du den Schlüssel direkt in die Git-Datenbank importieren, indem du ihn exportierst und diesen über git hash-object weiterleitest. Dadurch wird ein neuer Blob mit diesen Inhalten in Git geschrieben und du erhältst den SHA-1 des Blobs zurück: $ gpg -a --export F721C45A | git hash-object -w --stdin 659ef797d181633c87ec71ac3f9ba29fe5775b92 Nachdem du nun den Inhalt deines Schlüssels in Git hast, kannst du einen Tag erstellen, der direkt darauf verweist. Dies tust du indem du den neuen SHA-1-Wert angibst, den du mit dem Befehl hash-object erhalten hast: $ git tag -a maintainer-pgp-pub 659ef797d181633c87ec71ac3f9ba29fe5775b92 Wenn du git push --tags ausführst, wird der Tag maintainer-pgp-pub für alle freigegeben. Wenn jemand einen Tag verifizieren möchte, kann er deinen PGP-Schlüssel direkt importieren, indem er den Blob direkt aus der Datenbank zieht und in GPG importiert: $ git show maintainer-pgp-pub | gpg --import Mit diesem Schlüssel können alle deine signierten Tags überprüfen. Wenn du der Tag-Nachricht Anweisungen hinzufügst, kannst du dem Endbenutzer mit git show <tag> genauere Anweisungen zur Tag-Überprüfung geben. Eine Build Nummer generieren Git verfügt nicht über ansteigende Zahlen wie 'v123' oder ähnliches für jeden Commit. Wenn du einen lesbaren Namen für deinen Commit benötigst, dann kannst du für diesen Commit den Befehl git describe ausführen. Als Antwort generiert Git eine Zeichenfolge, die aus dem Namen des jüngsten Tags vor diesem Commit besteht, gefolgt von der Anzahl der Commits seit diesem Tag, gefolgt von einem partiellen SHA-1-Wert des beschriebene Commits (vorangestelltem wird dem Buchstaben „g“ für Git): $ git describe master v1.6.2-rc1-20-g8c5b85c Auf diese Weise kannst du einen Snaphot exportieren oder einen Build erstellen und einen verständlichen Namen vergeben. Wenn du Git aus den Quellcode erstellst, der aus dem Git-Repository geklont wurde, erhältst du mit git --version etwas, das genauso aussieht. Wenn du einen Commit beschreibst, den du direkt getaggt hast, erhältst du einfach den Tag-Namen. Standardmäßig erfordert der Befehl git describe annotierte (mit Anmerkungen versehene) Tags (die mit dem Flag -a oder -s erstellt wurden). Wenn du auch leichtgewichtige (nicht mit Anmerkungen versehene) Tags verwenden möchtest, fügst du dem Befehl die Option --tags hinzu. Du kannst diese Zeichenfolge auch als Ziel der Befehle git checkout oder git show verwenden, obwohl sie auf dem abgekürzten SHA-1-Wert am Ende basiert, sodass sie möglicherweise nicht für immer gültig ist. Zum Beispiel hat der Linux-Kernel kürzlich einen Sprung von 8 auf 10 Zeichen gemacht, um die Eindeutigkeit von SHA-1-Objekten zu gewährleisten, sodass ältere Ausgabenamen von git describe ungültig wurden. Ein Release vorbereiten Als nächstes möchtest du einen Build freigeben. Eines der Dinge, die du tun möchtest, ist ein Archiv des neuesten Schnappschusses deines Codes für die Unglücklichen zu erstellen, die Git nicht verwenden. Der Befehl dazu lautet git archive : $ git archive master --prefix='project/' | gzip > `git describe master`.tar.gz $ ls *.tar.gz v1.6.2-rc1-20-g8c5b85c.tar.gz Wenn jemand dieses Archiv öffnet, erhält er den neuesten Schnappschuss deines Projekts in einem projekt Verzeichnis. Du kannst auch ein zip-Archiv auf die gleiche Weise erstellen, indem du jedoch die Option --format=zip an git archive übergibst: $ git archive master --prefix='project/' --format=zip > `git describe master`.zip Du hast jetzt einen schönen Tarball und ein Zip-Archiv deiner Projektversion, die du auf deiner Website hochladen oder per E-Mail an andere Personen senden kannst. Das Shortlog Es ist Zeit, eine E-Mail an die Personen deiner Mailingliste zu senden, die wissen möchten, was in deinem Projekt vor sich geht. Mit dem Befehl git shortlog kannst du schnell eine Art Änderungsprotokoll dessen abrufen, was deinem Projekt seit deiner letzten Veröffentlichung oder deiner letzte E-Mail hinzugefügt wurde. Es fasst alle Commits in dem von dir angegebenen Bereich zusammen. Im Folgenden findest du als Beispiel eine Zusammenfassung aller Commits seit deiner letzten Veröffentlichung, sofern deine letzte Veröffentlichung den Namen v1.0.1 hat: $ git shortlog --no-merges master --not v1.0.1 Chris Wanstrath (6): Add support for annotated tags to Grit::Tag Add packed-refs annotated tag support. Add Grit::Commit#to_patch Update version and History.txt Remove stray `puts` Make ls_tree ignore nils Tom Preston-Werner (4): fix dates in history dynamic version method Version bump to 1.0.2 Regenerated gemspec for version 1.0.2 Du erhältst eine übersichtliche Zusammenfassung aller Commits seit Version 1.0.1, gruppiert nach Autoren, die du per E-Mail an deine Mailingliste senden kannst. prev | next About this site Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. Git is a member of Software Freedom Conservancy | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://git-scm.com/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Git-Daemon | Git - Git Daemon About Trademark Learn Book Cheat Sheet Videos External Links Tools Command Line GUIs Hosting Reference Install Community This book is available in English . Full translation available in azərbaycan dili , български език , Deutsch , Español , فارسی , Français , Ελληνικά , 日本語 , 한국어 , Nederlands , Русский , Slovenščina , Tagalog , Українська , 简体中文 , Partial translations available in Čeština , Македонски , Polski , Српски , Ўзбекча , 繁體中文 , Translations started for Беларуская , Indonesian , Italiano , Bahasa Melayu , Português (Brasil) , Português (Portugal) , Svenska , Türkçe . The source of this book is hosted on GitHub. Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. Chapters ▾ 1. Першыя крокі 1.1 About Version Control 1.2 A Short History of Git 1.3 What is Git? 1.4 The Command Line 1.5 Installing Git 1.6 First-Time Git Setup 1.7 Getting Help 1.8 Падсумаваньне 2. Git Basics 2.1 Getting a Git Repository 2.2 Recording Changes to the Repository 2.3 Viewing the Commit History 2.4 Undoing Things 2.5 Working with Remotes 2.6 Tagging 2.7 Git Aliases 2.8 Summary 3. Git Branching 3.1 Branches in a Nutshell 3.2 Basic Branching and Merging 3.3 Branch Management 3.4 Branching Workflows 3.5 Remote Branches 3.6 Rebasing 3.7 Summary 4. Git on the Server 4.1 The Protocols 4.2 Getting Git on a Server 4.3 Generating Your SSH Public Key 4.4 Setting Up the Server 4.5 Git Daemon 4.6 Smart HTTP 4.7 GitWeb 4.8 GitLab 4.9 Third Party Hosted Options 4.10 Summary 5. Distributed Git 5.1 Distributed Workflows 5.2 Contributing to a Project 5.3 Maintaining a Project 5.4 Summary 6. GitHub 6.1 Account Setup and Configuration 6.2 Contributing to a Project 6.3 Maintaining a Project 6.4 Managing an organization 6.5 Scripting GitHub 6.6 Summary 7. Git Tools 7.1 Revision Selection 7.2 Interactive Staging 7.3 Stashing and Cleaning 7.4 Signing Your Work 7.5 Searching 7.6 Rewriting History 7.7 Reset Demystified 7.8 Advanced Merging 7.9 Rerere 7.10 Debugging with Git 7.11 Submodules 7.12 Bundling 7.13 Replace 7.14 Credential Storage 7.15 Summary 8. Customizing Git 8.1 Git Configuration 8.2 Git Attributes 8.3 Git Hooks 8.4 An Example Git-Enforced Policy 8.5 Summary 9. Git and Other Systems 9.1 Git as a Client 9.2 Migrating to Git 9.3 Summary 10. Git Internals 10.1 Plumbing and Porcelain 10.2 Git Objects 10.3 Git References 10.4 Packfiles 10.5 The Refspec 10.6 Transfer Protocols 10.7 Maintenance and Data Recovery 10.8 Environment Variables 10.9 Summary A1. Дадатак A: Git in Other Environments A1.1 Graphical Interfaces A1.2 Git in Visual Studio A1.3 Git in Visual Studio Code A1.4 Git in IntelliJ / PyCharm / WebStorm / PhpStorm / RubyMine A1.5 Git in Sublime Text A1.6 Git in Bash A1.7 Git in Zsh A1.8 Git in PowerShell A1.9 Summary A2. Дадатак B: Embedding Git in your Applications A2.1 Command-line Git A2.2 Libgit2 A2.3 JGit A2.4 go-git A2.5 Dulwich A3. Дадатак C: Git Commands A3.1 Setup and Config A3.2 Getting and Creating Projects A3.3 Basic Snapshotting A3.4 Branching and Merging A3.5 Sharing and Updating Projects A3.6 Inspection and Comparison A3.7 Debugging A3.8 Patching A3.9 Email A3.10 External Systems A3.11 Administration A3.12 Plumbing Commands 2nd Edition 4.5 Git on the Server - Git Daemon Git Daemon Next we’ll set up a daemon serving repositories using the “Git” protocol. This is a common choice for fast, unauthenticated access to your Git data. Remember that since this is not an authenticated service, anything you serve over this protocol is public within its network. If you’re running this on a server outside your firewall, it should be used only for projects that are publicly visible to the world. If the server you’re running it on is inside your firewall, you might use it for projects that a large number of people or computers (continuous integration or build servers) have read-only access to, when you don’t want to have to add an SSH key for each. In any case, the Git protocol is relatively easy to set up. Basically, you need to run this command in a daemonized manner: $ git daemon --reuseaddr --base-path=/srv/git/ /srv/git/ The --reuseaddr option allows the server to restart without waiting for old connections to time out, while the --base-path option allows people to clone projects without specifying the entire path, and the path at the end tells the Git daemon where to look for repositories to export. If you’re running a firewall, you’ll also need to punch a hole in it at port 9418 on the box you’re setting this up on. You can daemonize this process a number of ways, depending on the operating system you’re running. Since systemd is the most common init system among modern Linux distributions, you can use it for that purpose. Simply place a file in /etc/systemd/system/git-daemon.service with these contents: [Unit] Description=Start Git Daemon [Service] ExecStart=/usr/bin/git daemon --reuseaddr --base-path=/srv/git/ /srv/git/ Restart=always RestartSec=500ms StandardOutput=syslog StandardError=syslog SyslogIdentifier=git-daemon User=git Group=git [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target You might have noticed that Git daemon is started here with git as both group and user. Modify it to fit your needs and make sure the provided user exists on the system. Also, check that the Git binary is indeed located at /usr/bin/git and change the path if necessary. Finally, you’ll run systemctl enable git-daemon to automatically start the service on boot, and can start and stop the service with, respectively, systemctl start git-daemon and systemctl stop git-daemon . On other systems, you may want to use xinetd , a script in your sysvinit system, or something else — as long as you get that command daemonized and watched somehow. Next, you have to tell Git which repositories to allow unauthenticated Git server-based access to. You can do this in each repository by creating a file named git-daemon-export-ok . $ cd /path/to/project.git $ touch git-daemon-export-ok The presence of that file tells Git that it’s OK to serve this project without authentication. prev | next About this site Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. Git is a member of Software Freedom Conservancy | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
https://www.linkedin.com/products/a10networks-a10-thunder-tps-ddos-defense-solutions/?trk=products_seo_search | A10 Defend - Intelligent &amp; Automated DDoS Protection | LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn A10 Networks, Inc in Asan Expand search This button displays the currently selected search type. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Jobs People Learning Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Clear text Join now Sign in A10 Defend - Intelligent & Automated DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software by A10 Networks, Inc See who's skilled in this Add as skill Learn more Report this product About A10 Defend provides a holistic DDoS protection solution that is scalable, economical, precise, and intelligent to help customers ensure optimal user and subscriber experiences. Media Products media viewer No more previous content A10 Defend Threat Control The A10 Defend suite, composed of A10 Defend Mitigator, A10 Defend Detector, A10 Defend Threat Control, and A10 Defend Orchestrator, provides a holistic solution that is scalable, economical, precise, and intelligent to help customers ensure optimal user and subscriber experiences. A10 Defend Suite Used by the top service providers and online gaming companies, the A10 Defend suite consists of several components. A10 Defend Detector efficiently identifies abnormal traffic, A10 Defend Mitigator (previously Thunder TPS) automatically and intelligently mitigates the identified inbound DDoS attack, A10 Defend Threat Control proactively provides standalone layered defense and actionable insights, and A10 Defend Orchestrator (previously aGalaxy) provides seamless DDoS defense execution. Demo: A10 Defend Threat Control A10 Defend Threat Control provides a robust first layer of DDoS defense. By leveraging proprietary ML/AL-enhanced data processing techniques, Threat Control proactively monitors attackers and understands key DDoS attack methods, with or without dedicated DDoS prevention solutions. No more next content Featured customers of A10 Defend - Intelligent & Automated DDoS Protection World Wide Technology IT Services and IT Consulting 806,684 followers Fastly Software Development 64,600 followers Imperium Dynamics IT Services and IT Consulting 18,464 followers Dell Technologies Computer Hardware Manufacturing 5,431,605 followers Similar products Cloudflare DDoS Protection Cloudflare DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Cloudflare Spectrum Cloudflare Spectrum DDoS Protection Software Akamai Prolexic Routed Akamai Prolexic Routed DDoS Protection Software OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection OVHcloud Anti-DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Kona DDoS Defender Kona DDoS Defender DDoS Protection Software Kaspersky DDoS Protection Kaspersky DDoS Protection DDoS Protection Software Sign in to see more Show more Show less LinkedIn © 2026 About Accessibility User Agreement Privacy Policy Cookie Policy Copyright Policy Brand Policy Guest Controls Community Guidelines English (English) Language | 2026-01-13T09:29:21 |
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