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https://www.php.net/manual/de/function.echo.php	PHP: echo - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box explode » « crypt PHP-Handbuch Funktionsreferenz Textverarbeitung Zeichenketten String-Funktionen Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other echo (PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) echo — Gibt einen oder mehrere Strings aus Beschreibung echo ( string ...$expressions ): void Gibt einen oder mehrere Ausdrücke ohne zusätzliche Zeilenumbrüche oder Leerzeichen aus. echo ist keine Funktion, sondern ein Sprachkonstrukt. Seine Argumente sind eine Liste von Ausdrücken, die dem Schlüsselwort echo folgen und nicht durch Kommas getrennt und durch Klammern abgegrenzt sind. Im Gegensatz zu einigen anderen Sprachkonstrukten hat echo keinen Rückgabewert, sodass es nicht im Zusammenhang mit einem Ausdruck verwendet werden kann. echo besitzt zusätzlich eine Syntax-Kurzform, bei der Sie ein Gleichheitszeichen direkt nach einem öffnenden PHP-Tag anfügen. Diese Syntax ist auch bei deaktivierter Konfigurationseinstellung short_open_tag verfügbar. Ich habe <?=$foo?> foo. Der Hauptunterschied zu print ist, dass echo mehrere Argumente entgegennimmt, und keinen Rückgabewert hat. Parameter-Liste expressions Ein oder mehrere durch Kommas getrennte String-Ausdrücke, die ausgegeben werden sollen. Nicht-String-Werte werden in Strings umgewandelt, auch wenn die Direktive strict_types aktiviert ist. Rückgabewerte Es wird kein Wert zurückgegeben. Beispiele Beispiel #1 echo -Beispiele <?php echo "echo benötigt keine Klammern." ; // Strings können entweder individuell als mehrere Argumente oder // miteinander verbunden als einzelnes Argument übergeben werden echo 'Dieser ' , 'String ' , 'besteht ' , 'aus ' , 'mehreren Parametern.' , "\n" ; echo 'Dieser ' . 'String ' . 'wurde ' . 'mit ' . 'Stringverkettung erzeugt.' . "\n" ; // Es wird kein Zeilenumbruch oder Leerzeichen eingefügt; das Folgende gibt // "HalloWelt" in einer Zeile aus echo "Hallo" ; echo "Welt" ; // Dasselbe wie oben echo "Hallo" , "Welt" ; echo "Dieser String umfasst mehrere Zeilen. Die Zeilenumbrüche werden mit ausgegeben." ; echo "Dieser String umfasst\nmehrere Zeilen. Die Zeilenumbrüche\nwerden mit ausgegeben." ; // Das Argument kann ein beliebiger Ausdruck sein, der einen String erzeugt $foo = "ein Beispiel" ; echo "foo ist $foo " ; // foo ist ein Beispiel $fruechte = [ "Zitrone" , "Orange" , "Banane" ]; echo implode ( " und " , $fruechte ); // Zitrone und Orange und Banane // Nicht-String-Ausdrücke werden in String umgewandelt, auch wenn // declare(strict_types=1) verwendet wird echo 6 * 7 ; // 42 // Folgende Beispiele funktionieren hingegen: ( $eine_variable ) ? print 'true' : print 'false' ; // print ist auch ein Konstrukt, // aber es ist ein gültiger Ausdruck, der 1 zurückgibt, // also kann es in diesem Kontext verwendet werden. echo $eine_variable ? 'true' : 'false' ; // den Ausdruck zuerst auswerten und // dann an echo übergeben ?> Beispiel #2 echo ist kein Ausdruck <?php // Da echo sich nicht wie ein Ausdruck verhält, ist der folgende Code ungültig. ( $eine_variable ) ? echo 'true' : echo 'false' ; ?> Anmerkungen Hinweis : Da dies ein Sprachkonstrukt und keine Funktion ist, können Sie dieses nicht mit Variablenfunktionen oder benannten Parametern verwenden. Hinweis : Die Verwendung mit Klammern Wenn ein einzelnes Argument in Klammern an echo übergeben wird, löst das keinen Syntaxfehler aus und erzeugt eine Syntax, die wie ein normaler Funktionsaufruf aussieht. Dies kann jedoch irreführend sein, denn die Klammern sind tatsächlich Teil des auszugebenden Ausdrucks und nicht Teil der echo -Syntax selbst. Beispiel #3 Verwenden von Klammern <?php echo "Hallo" , PHP_EOL ; // gibt "Hallo" aus echo( "Hallo" ), PHP_EOL ; // gibt auch "Hallo" aus, weil ("Hallo") ein gültiger Ausdruck ist echo( 1 + 2 ) * 3 , PHP_EOL ; // gibt "9" aus; die Klammern bewirken, dass zuerst 1+2 ausgewertet wird, dann 3*3 // Die echo-Anweisung sieht den gesamten Ausdruck als ein Argument echo "Hallo" , " Welt" , PHP_EOL ; // gibt "Hallo Welt" aus echo( "Hallo" ), ( " Welt" ), PHP_EOL ; // gibt "Hallo Welt" aus; die Klammern sind Teil des jeweiligen Ausdrucks ?> Beispiel #4 Ungültiger Ausdruck <?php echo( "Hallo" , " Welt" ), PHP_EOL ; // löst eine Syntaxfehler aus, weil ("Hallo", " Welt") kein gültiger Ausdruck ist ?> Tipp Die Übergabe mehrerer Argumente an echo kann Schwierigkeiten vermeiden, die durch den Vorrang des Verkettungsoperators in PHP entstehen. Zum Beispiel hat der Verkettungsoperator eine höhere Priorität als der Ternäre und vor PHP 8.0.0 hatte er die gleiche Rangfolge wie die Addition und die Subtraktion: <?php // Im Folgenden wird der Ausdruck 'Hallo ' . isset($name) zuerst ausgewertet // und ist immer wahr, daher ist das Argument für echo immer $name echo 'Hallo ' . isset( $name ) ? $name : 'Max Mustermann' . '!' ; // Das beabsichtigte Verhalten erfordert zusätzliche Klammern echo 'Hallo ' . (isset( $name ) ? $name : 'Max Mustermann' ) . '!' ; // Vor PHP 8.0.0 gibt das folgende "2" aus, statt "Summe: 3" echo 'Sum: ' . 1 + 2 ; // Auch hier stellt das Hinzufügen von Klammern die beabsichtigte Reihenfolge // der Auswertung sicher echo 'Summe: ' . ( 1 + 2 ); Falls mehrere Argumente übergeben werden, dann sind Klammern nicht erforderlich, um die Vorrangigkeit zu erzwingen, da jeder Ausdruck für sich steht: <?php echo "Hallo " , isset( $name ) ? $name : "Max Mustermann" , "!" ; echo "Summe: " , 1 + 2 ; Siehe auch print - Ausgabe eines Strings printf() - Liefert einen formatierten String flush() - Leert (sendet) den System-Ausgabepuffer Möglichkeiten literale Strings anzugeben Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes 1 note up down 39 pemapmodder1970 at gmail dot com ¶ 8 years ago Passing multiple parameters to echo using commas (',')is not exactly identical to using the concatenation operator ('.'). There are two notable differences. First, concatenation operators have much higher precedence. Referring to http://php.net/operators.precedence, there are many operators with lower precedence than concatenation, so it is a good idea to use the multi-argument form instead of passing concatenated strings. <?php echo "The sum is " . 1 \| 2 ; // output: "2". Parentheses needed. echo "The sum is " , 1 \| 2 ; // output: "The sum is 3". Fine. ?> Second, a slightly confusing phenomenon is that unlike passing arguments to functions, the values are evaluated one by one. <?php function f ( $arg ){ var_dump ( $arg ); return $arg ; } echo "Foo" . f ( "bar" ) . "Foo" ; echo "\n\n" ; echo "Foo" , f ( "bar" ), "Foo" ; ?> The output would be: string(3) "bar"FoobarFoo Foostring(3) "bar" barFoo It would become a confusing bug for a script that uses blocking functions like sleep() as parameters: <?php while( true ){ echo "Loop start!\n" , sleep ( 1 ); } ?> vs <?php while( true ){ echo "Loop started!\n" . sleep ( 1 ); } ?> With ',' the cursor stops at the beginning every newline, while with '.' the cursor stops after the 0 in the beginning every line (because sleep() returns 0). ＋ add a note String-Funktionen addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/manual/uk/refs.basic.other.php	PHP: Інші базові розширення - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box GeoIP » « SyncSharedMemory::write Посібник з PHP Довідник функцій Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other Інші базові розширення GeoIP — Geo IP Location Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Попередньо визначені константи Функції GeoIP FANN — FANN (Fast Artificial Neural Network) Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Попередньо визначені константи Приклади Функції Fann FANNConnection — The FANNConnection class Igbinary Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Igbinary Функції JSON — JavaScript Object Notation Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Попередньо визначені константи JsonException — The JsonException class JsonSerializable — The JsonSerializable interface Функції JSON Simdjson Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Попередньо визначені константи Simdjson Функції SimdJsonException — The SimdJsonException class SimdJsonValueError — The SimdJsonValueError class Lua Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Lua — The Lua class LuaClosure — The LuaClosure class LuaSandbox Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Differences from Standard Lua Приклади LuaSandbox — The LuaSandbox class LuaSandboxFunction — The LuaSandboxFunction class LuaSandboxError — The LuaSandboxError class LuaSandboxErrorError — The LuaSandboxErrorError class LuaSandboxFatalError — The LuaSandboxFatalError class LuaSandboxMemoryError — The LuaSandboxMemoryError class LuaSandboxRuntimeError — The LuaSandboxRuntimeError class LuaSandboxSyntaxError — The LuaSandboxSyntaxError class LuaSandboxTimeoutError — The LuaSandboxTimeoutError class Misc. — Miscellaneous Functions Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Попередньо визначені константи Функції Misc. Журнал змін Random — Random Number Generators and Functions Related to Randomness Вступ Попередньо визначені константи Приклади Random Функції Random\Randomizer — The Random\Randomizer class Random\IntervalBoundary — Перелічення Random\IntervalBoundary Random\Engine — The Random\Engine interface Random\CryptoSafeEngine — The Random\CryptoSafeEngine interface Random\Engine\Secure — The Random\Engine\Secure class Random\Engine\Mt19937 — The Random\Engine\Mt19937 class Random\Engine\PcgOneseq128XslRr64 — The Random\Engine\PcgOneseq128XslRr64 class Random\Engine\Xoshiro256StarStar — The Random\Engine\Xoshiro256StarStar class Random\RandomError — The Random\RandomError class Random\BrokenRandomEngineError — The Random\BrokenRandomEngineError class Random\RandomException — The Random\RandomException class Seaslog Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Попередньо визначені константи Приклади Seaslog Функції SeasLog — The SeasLog class SPL — Standard PHP Library (SPL) Interfaces Datastructures Exceptions Iterators File Handling SPL Функції Streams Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Попередньо визначені константи Stream Filters Stream Contexts Stream Errors Приклади php_user_filter — The php_user_filter class streamWrapper — The streamWrapper class Stream Функції Swoole Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Попередньо визначені константи Swoole Функції Swoole\Async — The Swoole\Async class Swoole\Atomic — The Swoole\Atomic class Swoole\Buffer — The Swoole\Buffer class Swoole\Channel — The Swoole\Channel class Swoole\Client — The Swoole\Client class Swoole\Connection\Iterator — The Swoole\Connection\Iterator class Swoole\Coroutine — The Swoole\Coroutine class Swoole\Coroutine\Lock — The Swoole\Coroutine\Lock class Swoole\Event — The Swoole\Event class Swoole\Exception — The Swoole\Exception class Swoole\Http\Client — The Swoole\Http\Client class Swoole\Http\Request — The Swoole\Http\Request class Swoole\Http\Response — The Swoole\Http\Response class Swoole\Http\Server — The Swoole\Http\Server class Swoole\Lock — The Swoole\Lock class Swoole\Mmap — The Swoole\Mmap class Swoole\MySQL — The Swoole\MySQL class Swoole\MySQL\Exception — The Swoole\MySQL\Exception class Swoole\Process — The Swoole\Process class Swoole\Redis\Server — The Swoole\Redis\Server class Swoole\Runtime — The Swoole\Runtime class Swoole\Serialize — The Swoole\Serialize class Swoole\Server — The Swoole\Server class Swoole\Table — The Swoole\Table class Swoole\Timer — The Swoole\Timer class Swoole\WebSocket\Frame — The Swoole\WebSocket\Frame class Swoole\WebSocket\Server — The Swoole\WebSocket\Server class Tidy Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Попередньо визначені константи Приклади tidy — The tidy class tidyNode — The tidyNode class Tidy Функції Tokenizer Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Попередньо визначені константи Приклади PhpToken — The PhpToken class Tokenizer Функції URLs Вступ Попередньо визначені константи URL Функції V8js — V8 Javascript Engine Integration Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Приклади V8Js — The V8Js class V8JsException — The V8JsException class Yaml — YAML Data Serialization Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Попередньо визначені константи Приклади Callbacks Yaml Функції Yaf — Yet Another Framework Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Попередньо визначені константи Приклади Application Configuration Yaf_Application — The Yaf_Application class Yaf_Bootstrap_Abstract — The Yaf_Bootstrap_Abstract class Yaf_Dispatcher — The Yaf_Dispatcher class Yaf_Config_Abstract — The Yaf_Config_Abstract class Yaf_Config_Ini — The Yaf_Config_Ini class Yaf_Config_Simple — The Yaf_Config_Simple class Yaf_Controller_Abstract — The Yaf_Controller_Abstract class Yaf_Action_Abstract — The Yaf_Action_Abstract class Yaf_View_Interface — The Yaf_View_Interface class Yaf_View_Simple — The Yaf_View_Simple class Yaf_Loader — The Yaf_Loader class Yaf_Plugin_Abstract — The Yaf_Plugin_Abstract class Yaf_Registry — The Yaf_Registry class Yaf_Request_Abstract — The Yaf_Request_Abstract class Yaf_Request_Http — The Yaf_Request_Http class Yaf_Request_Simple — The Yaf_Request_Simple class Yaf_Response_Abstract — The Yaf_Response_Abstract class Yaf_Route_Interface — The Yaf_Route_Interface class Yaf_Route_Map — The Yaf_Route_Map class Yaf_Route_Regex — The Yaf_Route_Regex class Yaf_Route_Rewrite — The Yaf_Route_Rewrite class Yaf_Router — The Yaf_Router class Yaf_Route_Simple — The Yaf_Route_Simple class Yaf_Route_Static — The Yaf_Route_Static class Yaf_Route_Supervar — The Yaf_Route_Supervar class Yaf_Session — The Yaf_Session class Yaf_Exception — The Yaf_Exception class Yaf_Exception_TypeError — The Yaf_Exception_TypeError class Yaf_Exception_StartupError — The Yaf_Exception_StartupError class Yaf_Exception_DispatchFailed — The Yaf_Exception_DispatchFailed class Yaf_Exception_RouterFailed — The Yaf_Exception_RouterFailed class Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed — The Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed class Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Module — The Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Module class Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Controller — The Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Controller class Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Action — The Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Action class Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_View — The Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_View class Yaconf Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Yaconf — The Yaconf class Taint Вступ Встановлення/налаштування More Details Taint Функції Data Structures Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Приклади Ds\Collection — The Collection interface Ds\Hashable — The Hashable interface Ds\Sequence — The Sequence interface Ds\Vector — The Vector class Ds\Deque — The Deque class Ds\Map — The Map class Ds\Pair — The Pair class Ds\Set — The Set class Ds\Stack — The Stack class Ds\Queue — The Queue class Ds\PriorityQueue — The PriorityQueue class var_representation Вступ Встановлення/налаштування Попередньо визначені константи var_representation Функції Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes There are no user contributed notes for this page. 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https://llvm.org/doxygen/classNode.html#a59fdffbbb0b8f7731db9faca45a0f9a4	LLVM: Node Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Types \| Public Member Functions \| Protected Attributes \| Friends \| List of all members Node Class Reference abstract #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inherited by FloatLiteralImpl< float > , FloatLiteralImpl< double > , FloatLiteralImpl< long double > , AbiTagAttr , ArraySubscriptExpr , ArrayType , BinaryExpr , BinaryFPType , BitIntType , BoolExpr , BracedExpr , BracedRangeExpr , CallExpr , CastExpr , ClosureTypeName , ConditionalExpr , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl , ConversionExpr , ConversionOperatorType , CtorDtorName , CtorVtableSpecialName , DeleteExpr , DotSuffix , DtorName , DynamicExceptionSpec , ElaboratedTypeSpefType , EnableIfAttr , EnclosingExpr , EnumLiteral , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , ExplicitObjectParameter , ExprRequirement , FloatLiteralImpl< Float > , FoldExpr , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionParam , FunctionType , GlobalQualifiedName , InitListExpr , IntegerLiteral , LambdaExpr , LiteralOperator , LocalName , MemberExpr , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , ModuleName , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , NestedRequirement , NewExpr , NodeArrayNode , NoexceptSpec , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl , ObjCProtoName , ParameterPack , ParameterPackExpansion , PixelVectorType , PointerToMemberConversionExpr , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , PostfixExpr , PostfixQualifiedType , PrefixExpr , QualType , QualifiedName , ReferenceType , RequiresExpr , SizeofParamPackExpr , SpecialName , StringLiteral , StructuredBindingName , SubobjectExpr , SyntheticTemplateParamName , TemplateArgs , TemplateArgumentPack , TemplateParamPackDecl , TemplateParamQualifiedArg , TemplateTemplateParamDecl , ThrowExpr , TransformedType , TypeRequirement , TypeTemplateParamDecl , UnnamedTypeName , VectorType , and VendorExtQualType . Public Types enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Public Member Functions   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node *  getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Protected Attributes Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Friends class  OutputBuffer Detailed Description Definition at line 166 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Member Enumeration Documentation ◆  Cache enum class Node::Cache : uint8_t strong Three-way bool to track a cached value. Unknown is possible if this node has an unexpanded parameter pack below it that may affect this cache. Enumerator Yes  No  Unknown  Definition at line 175 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Kind enum Node::Kind : uint8_t Definition at line 168 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Prec enum class Node::Prec : uint8_t strong Operator precedence for expression nodes. Used to determine required parens in expression emission. Enumerator Primary  Postfix  Unary  Cast  PtrMem  Multiplicative  Additive  Shift  Spaceship  Relational  Equality  And  Xor  Ior  AndIf  OrIf  Conditional  Assign  Comma  Default  Definition at line 179 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  Node() [1/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Prec Precedence_ = Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_ = Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 221 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , FunctionCache , No , Primary , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , ArraySubscriptExpr::ArraySubscriptExpr() , ArrayType::ArrayType() , BinaryExpr::BinaryExpr() , BinaryFPType::BinaryFPType() , BitIntType::BitIntType() , BoolExpr::BoolExpr() , BracedExpr::BracedExpr() , BracedRangeExpr::BracedRangeExpr() , CallExpr::CallExpr() , CastExpr::CastExpr() , ClosureTypeName::ClosureTypeName() , ConditionalExpr::ConditionalExpr() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ConversionExpr::ConversionExpr() , ConversionOperatorType::ConversionOperatorType() , CtorDtorName::CtorDtorName() , CtorVtableSpecialName::CtorVtableSpecialName() , DeleteExpr::DeleteExpr() , DotSuffix::DotSuffix() , DtorName::DtorName() , DynamicExceptionSpec::DynamicExceptionSpec() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::ElaboratedTypeSpefType() , EnableIfAttr::EnableIfAttr() , EnclosingExpr::EnclosingExpr() , EnumLiteral::EnumLiteral() , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution::ExpandedSpecialSubstitution() , ExplicitObjectParameter::ExplicitObjectParameter() , ExprRequirement::ExprRequirement() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::FloatLiteralImpl() , FoldExpr::FoldExpr() , ForwardTemplateReference::ForwardTemplateReference() , FunctionEncoding::FunctionEncoding() , FunctionParam::FunctionParam() , FunctionType::FunctionType() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::getArg() , FunctionEncoding::getAttrs() , VectorType::getBaseType() , ParameterPackExpansion::getChild() , QualType::getChild() , VectorType::getDimension() , FunctionEncoding::getName() , PointerType::getPointee() , FunctionEncoding::getRequires() , FunctionEncoding::getReturnType() , ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , VendorExtQualType::getTA() , VendorExtQualType::getTy() , GlobalQualifiedName::GlobalQualifiedName() , InitListExpr::InitListExpr() , IntegerLiteral::IntegerLiteral() , LambdaExpr::LambdaExpr() , LiteralOperator::LiteralOperator() , LocalName::LocalName() , MemberExpr::MemberExpr() , MemberLikeFriendName::MemberLikeFriendName() , ModuleEntity::ModuleEntity() , ModuleName::ModuleName() , NameType::NameType() , NameWithTemplateArgs::NameWithTemplateArgs() , NestedName::NestedName() , NestedRequirement::NestedRequirement() , NewExpr::NewExpr() , Node() , NodeArrayNode::NodeArrayNode() , NoexceptSpec::NoexceptSpec() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::NonTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , ParameterPackExpansion::ParameterPackExpansion() , PixelVectorType::PixelVectorType() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::PointerToMemberConversionExpr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , PostfixExpr::PostfixExpr() , PostfixQualifiedType::PostfixQualifiedType() , PrefixExpr::PrefixExpr() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::QualifiedName() , QualType::QualType() , ReferenceType::ReferenceType() , RequiresExpr::RequiresExpr() , SizeofParamPackExpr::SizeofParamPackExpr() , SpecialName::SpecialName() , StringLiteral::StringLiteral() , StructuredBindingName::StructuredBindingName() , SubobjectExpr::SubobjectExpr() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::SyntheticTemplateParamName() , TemplateArgs::TemplateArgs() , TemplateArgumentPack::TemplateArgumentPack() , TemplateParamPackDecl::TemplateParamPackDecl() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::TemplateParamQualifiedArg() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::TemplateTemplateParamDecl() , ThrowExpr::ThrowExpr() , TransformedType::TransformedType() , TypeRequirement::TypeRequirement() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::TypeTemplateParamDecl() , UnnamedTypeName::UnnamedTypeName() , VectorType::VectorType() , and VendorExtQualType::VendorExtQualType() . ◆  Node() [2/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Cache RHSComponentCache_ , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 226 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , Node() , and Primary . ◆  ~Node() virtual Node::~Node ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  dump() DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void Node::dump ( ) const References DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD . Referenced by llvm::DAGTypeLegalizer::run() , and llvm::RISCVDAGToDAGISel::Select() . ◆  getArrayCache() Cache Node::getArrayCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 262 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getBaseName() virtual std::string_view Node::getBaseName ( ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in AbiTagAttr , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , GlobalQualifiedName , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , QualifiedName , and SpecialSubstitution . Definition at line 299 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  getFunctionCache() Cache Node::getFunctionCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 263 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getKind() Kind Node::getKind ( ) const inline Definition at line 258 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseCtorDtorName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseNestedName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateArgs() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParam() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseUnscopedName() , NodeArray::printAsString() , and llvm::msgpack::Document::writeToBlob() . ◆  getPrecedence() Prec Node::getPrecedence ( ) const inline Definition at line 260 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by ArraySubscriptExpr::match() , BinaryExpr::match() , CallExpr::match() , CastExpr::match() , ConditionalExpr::match() , ConversionExpr::match() , DeleteExpr::match() , EnclosingExpr::match() , MemberExpr::match() , NewExpr::match() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::match() , PostfixExpr::match() , PrefixExpr::match() , printAsOperand() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , and PrefixExpr::printLeft() . ◆  getRHSComponentCache() Cache Node::getRHSComponentCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 261 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , QualType::QualType() , and ReferenceType::ReferenceType() . ◆  getSyntaxNode() virtual const Node * Node::getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , and ParameterPack . Definition at line 271 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node() , and OutputBuffer . ◆  hasArray() bool Node::hasArray ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 246 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , hasArraySlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasArraySlow() virtual bool Node::hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 266 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasArray() . ◆  hasFunction() bool Node::hasFunction ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 252 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache , hasFunctionSlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasFunctionSlow() virtual bool Node::hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 267 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasFunction() . ◆  hasRHSComponent() bool Node::hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 240 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , RHSComponentCache , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasRHSComponentSlow() virtual bool Node::hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , QualType , and ReferenceType . Definition at line 265 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasRHSComponent() . ◆  print() void Node::print ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 286 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , OutputBuffer , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by llvm::ItaniumPartialDemangler::getFunctionDeclContextName() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< AADepGraph * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< const MachineFunction * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::itaniumDemangle() , printAsOperand() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , and printNode() . ◆  printAsOperand() void Node::printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer & OB , Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse = false  ) const inline Definition at line 275 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Default , getPrecedence() , OutputBuffer , P , and print() . Referenced by llvm::DOTGraphTraits< DOTFuncInfo * >::getBBName() , getSimpleNodeName() , llvm::operator<<() , llvm::VPIRMetadata::print() , and llvm::SimpleNodeLabelString() . ◆  printInitListAsType() virtual bool Node::printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer & , const NodeArray &  ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType . Definition at line 295 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . ◆  visit() template<typename Fn> void Node::visit ( Fn F ) const Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. Visit the node. Calls F(P) , where P is the node cast to the appropriate derived class. Definition at line 2639 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , and F . Friends And Related Symbol Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer friend class OutputBuffer friend Definition at line 309 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , hasArray() , ArrayType::hasArraySlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasArraySlow() , hasArraySlow() , ParameterPack::hasArraySlow() , QualType::hasArraySlow() , hasFunction() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasFunctionSlow() , ParameterPack::hasFunctionSlow() , QualType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasRHSComponent() , ArrayType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , hasRHSComponentSlow() , ParameterPack::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerToMemberType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , QualType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ReferenceType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , print() , printAsOperand() , ClosureTypeName::printDeclarator() , ArrayType::printInitListAsType() , printInitListAsType() , AbiTagAttr::printLeft() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , ArrayType::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , BinaryFPType::printLeft() , BitIntType::printLeft() , BoolExpr::printLeft() , BracedExpr::printLeft() , BracedRangeExpr::printLeft() , CallExpr::printLeft() , CastExpr::printLeft() , ClosureTypeName::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ConversionExpr::printLeft() , ConversionOperatorType::printLeft() , CtorDtorName::printLeft() , CtorVtableSpecialName::printLeft() , DeleteExpr::printLeft() , DotSuffix::printLeft() , DtorName::printLeft() , DynamicExceptionSpec::printLeft() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::printLeft() , EnableIfAttr::printLeft() , EnclosingExpr::printLeft() , EnumLiteral::printLeft() , ExplicitObjectParameter::printLeft() , ExprRequirement::printLeft() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::printLeft() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , ForwardTemplateReference::printLeft() , FunctionEncoding::printLeft() , FunctionParam::printLeft() , FunctionType::printLeft() , GlobalQualifiedName::printLeft() , InitListExpr::printLeft() , IntegerLiteral::printLeft() , LambdaExpr::printLeft() , LiteralOperator::printLeft() , LocalName::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , MemberLikeFriendName::printLeft() , ModuleEntity::printLeft() , ModuleName::printLeft() , NameType::printLeft() , NameWithTemplateArgs::printLeft() , NestedName::printLeft() , NestedRequirement::printLeft() , NewExpr::printLeft() , NodeArrayNode::printLeft() , NoexceptSpec::printLeft() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ObjCProtoName::printLeft() , ParameterPack::printLeft() , ParameterPackExpansion::printLeft() , PixelVectorType::printLeft() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::printLeft() , PointerToMemberType::printLeft() , PointerType::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , PostfixQualifiedType::printLeft() , PrefixExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::printLeft() , QualType::printLeft() , ReferenceType::printLeft() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , SizeofParamPackExpr::printLeft() , SpecialName::printLeft() , SpecialSubstitution::printLeft() , StringLiteral::printLeft() , StructuredBindingName::printLeft() , SubobjectExpr::printLeft() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::printLeft() , TemplateArgs::printLeft() , TemplateArgumentPack::printLeft() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printLeft() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::printLeft() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ThrowExpr::printLeft() , TransformedType::printLeft() , TypeRequirement::printLeft() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , UnnamedTypeName::printLeft() , VectorType::printLeft() , VendorExtQualType::printLeft() , QualType::printQuals() , ArrayType::printRight() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ForwardTemplateReference::printRight() , FunctionEncoding::printRight() , FunctionType::printRight() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ParameterPack::printRight() , PointerToMemberType::printRight() , PointerType::printRight() , QualType::printRight() , ReferenceType::printRight() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printRight() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , and TypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() . Member Data Documentation ◆  ArrayCache Cache Node::ArrayCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 214 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getArrayCache() , hasArray() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  FunctionCache Cache Node::FunctionCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 218 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getFunctionCache() , hasFunction() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  RHSComponentCache Cache Node::RHSComponentCache protected Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Definition at line 210 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getRHSComponentCache() , hasRHSComponent() , Node() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , and print() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://safecode.org/our-leadership/	Our Leadership - SAFECode Skip to content Search for: About Our Work Our Leadership Our History Press Principles Resource Centers Secure Development Practices Training and Culture Development Managing a Software Security Program Software Security for Buyers and Government Publications A-Z Training About SAFECode Training Training Program FAQ Login & Registration Profile Download Trainings Blog Membership Join SAFECode Our Members For Members Search for: Our Leadership Our Leadership Scott Licata 2025-10-08T10:14:22-04:00 Leadership Steven B. Lipner – Executive Director, SAFECode Steven B. Lipner is a pioneer in cybersecurity with over 40 years’ experience as a general manager, engineering manager, and researcher. He retired in 2015 from Microsoft where he was the creator and long-time leader of Microsoft’s Security Development Lifecycle (SDL) team. While at Microsoft, Lipner also created initiatives to encourage industry adoption of secure development practices and the SDL, and served as a member and chair of the SAFECode board. Lipner joined Microsoft in 1999 and was initially responsible for the Microsoft Security Response Center. In the aftermath of the major computer “worm” incidents of 2001, Lipner and his team formulated the strategy of “security pushes” that enabled Microsoft to make rapid improvements in the security of its software and to change the corporate culture to emphasize product security. The SDL is the product of these improvements. At Mitretek Systems, Lipner served as the executive agent for the U.S. Government’s Infosec Research Council (IRC). At Trusted Information Systems (TIS), he led the Gauntlet Firewall business unit whose success was the basis for TIS’ 1996 Initial Public Offering. During his eleven years at Digital Equipment Corporation, Lipner led and made technical contributions to the development of numerous security products and to the operational security of Digital’s networks. Throughout his career, Lipner has been a contributor to government and industry efforts to improve cybersecurity. He currently serves as the chair of the U.S. Government’s Information Security and Privacy Advisory Board (ISPAB). Lipner was one of the founding members of the board’s predecessor and is now serving his third term as a board member. He was elected in 2010 to the Information Systems Security Association Hall of Fame, in 2015 to the National Cybersecurity Hall of Fame and in 2017 as a Fellow of (ISC)2 and to the National Academy of Engineering. He holds an appointment as adjunct professor of computer science at the Institute for Software Research, School of Computer Science of Carnegie Mellon University and is named as coinventor on twelve U.S. patents. Manuel Ifland – Member Council Chair Siemens Energy Manuel Ifland works as Principal Industrial Cybersecurity Consultant in the central cybersecurity department of Siemens Energy in Erlangen, Germany. In his role, he supports product development and project business worldwide in questions related to cybersecurity regulation and legislation. His focus areas are secure product development processes and the IEC 62443 standard series. Manuel represents Siemens Energy in aspects of industrial and OT cybersecurity in external bodies such as the German Electro and Digital Industry Association (ZVEI), the Federation of German Industries (BDI), and the Software Assurance Forum for Excellence in Code (SAFECode). He is always passionate about increasing the cybersecurity of our critical infrastructure and has conducted risk analysis workshops, security assessments, and penetration tests in many different technological areas. Manuel is a Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) and holds a diploma in computer science from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in Germany. John Heimann – Member Council Vice Chair John Heimann served as Vice President, Security Program Management in Oracle’s Global Product Security organization. He defined and managed development programs that improve the security assurance of Oracle’s products. Mr. Heimann has 27 years experience in security program and product management at Oracle. Prior to Oracle, he worked 14 years at BBN Corporation and GTE Government Systems Corporation, on secure network, cryptographic, and key management research, design, development, and vulnerability analysis programs for US Federal government customers. From 2009-2013, Mr. Heimann served on an advisory panel for the information assurance leadership in the US Federal government. Mr. Heimann has an AB in Physics, cum laude, from Harvard University. Eric Baize – Board Chairman Vice President, Product & Application Security, Dell Technologies Throughout his career, Eric Baize has been passionate about building security and privacy into systems and technology from design to deployment. He currently leads Dell’s Product & Application Security organization and serves as Chairman of SAFECode. At Dell, Eric leads the organization responsible for driving enhanced security practices into the lifecycle of all Dell products and internally developed cloud and IT applications. His responsibilities include managing the Secure Development Lifecycle (SDL) and the Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) for the company. Eric joined Dell through its merger with EMC where he built the highly successful EMC Product Security Office from the ground up. He was also a member of the leadership team that drove EMC’s acquisition of RSA Security, and he helped lead RSA’s cloud and virtualization strategy. Prior to joining EMC in 2002, Eric held various positions for Groupe Bull in Europe and in the US. Eric has served on the SAFECode Board of Directors since the organization was founded in 2007. He holds multiple U.S. patents, has authored international security standards and is a regular speaker at industry conferences. Follow Eric Baize on Twitter: @ericbaize Tony Rice – Board Treasurer Microsoft Tony Rice leads the assurance organization responsible for Microsoft security engineering policy and standards used in the development and operations of Microsoft products and cloud services. His responsibilities include managing Microsoft’s Security Development Lifecycle (SDL) and the Government Security Program; an assurance program designed to help national governments build Trust in Microsoft’s products and services. Tony is passionate about security and throughout his career he has been responsible for building security into technology. Since joining Microsoft, he has held multiple security focused positions including managing a consultancy practice in the UK and product security assurance in USA. Prior to joining Microsoft, Tony worked as an engineering leader for a UK Government department. Staff Megan Cannon – Senior Program Manager, SAFECode Megan Cannon, Senior Program Manager, Virtual, inc., has worked with SAFECode since 2016, helping SAFECode achieve its mission by providing strategic guidance and operational support to the board of directors and technical leadership council. Before Virtual, Megan worked in higher education and theatre, where she helped children make healthy choices and see through media messages, assisted Batman with crime-fighting, and wrangled elves for Santa at Macy’s in NYC. Fun Fact about Megan, she can teach anyone to juggle! 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https://www.php.net/manual/zh/function.count-chars.php	PHP: count_chars - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box crc32 » « convert_uuencode PHP 手册函数参考文本处理字符串字符串函数切换语言: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other count_chars (PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) count_chars — 返回字符串所用字符的信息说明 count_chars ( string $string , int $mode = 0 ): array \| string 统计 string 中每个字节值（0..255）出现的次数，使用多种模式返回结果。参数 string 需要统计的字符串。 mode 参见返回的值。返回值根据不同的 mode ， count_chars() 返回下列不同的结果： 0 - 以所有的每个字节值作为键名，出现次数作为值的数组。 1 - 与 0 相同，但只列出出现次数大于零的字节值。 2 - 与 0 相同，但只列出出现次数等于零的字节值。 3 - 返回由所有使用了的字节值组成的字符串。 4 - 返回由所有未使用的字节值组成的字符串。更新日志版本说明 8.0.0 在此版本之前，函数在失败时返回 false 。示例示例 #1 count_chars() 示例 <?php $data = "Two Ts and one F." ; foreach ( count_chars ( $data , 1 ) as $i => $val ) { echo "There were $val instance(s) of \"" , chr ( $i ) , "\" in the string.\n" ; } ?> 以上示例会输出： There were 4 instance(s) of " " in the string. There were 1 instance(s) of "." in the string. There were 1 instance(s) of "F" in the string. There were 2 instance(s) of "T" in the string. There were 1 instance(s) of "a" in the string. There were 1 instance(s) of "d" in the string. There were 1 instance(s) of "e" in the string. There were 2 instance(s) of "n" in the string. There were 2 instance(s) of "o" in the string. There were 1 instance(s) of "s" in the string. There were 1 instance(s) of "w" in the string. 参见 strpos() - 查找字符串首次出现的位置 substr_count() - 计算字串出现的次数发现了问题？了解如何改进此页面 • 提交拉取请求 • 报告一个错误＋添加备注用户贡献的备注 8 notes up down 25 marcus33cz ¶ 13 years ago If you have problems using count_chars with a multibyte string, you can change the page encoding. Alternatively, you can also use this mb_count_chars version of the function. Basically it is mode "1" of the original function. <?php /** * Counts character occurences in a multibyte string * @param string $input UTF-8 data * @return array associative array of characters. / function mb_count_chars ( $input ) { $l = mb_strlen ( $input , 'UTF-8' ); $unique = array(); for( $i = 0 ; $i < $l ; $i ++) { $char = mb_substr ( $input , $i , 1 , 'UTF-8' ); if(! array_key_exists ( $char , $unique )) $unique [ $char ] = 0 ; $unique [ $char ]++; } return $unique ; } $input = "Let's try some Greek letters: αααααΕεΙιΜμΨψ, Russian: ЙЙЫЫЩН, Czech: ěščřžýáíé" ; print_r ( mb_count_chars ( $input ) ); //returns: Array ( [L] => 1 [e] => 7 [t] => 4 ['] => 1 [s] => 5 [ ] => 9 [r] => 3 [y] => 1 [o] => 1 [m] => 1 [G] => 1 [k] => 1 [l] => 1 [:] => 3 [α] => 5 [Ε] => 1 [ε] => 1 [Ι] => 1 [ι] => 1 [Μ] => 1 [μ] => 1 [Ψ] => 1 [ψ] => 1 [,] => 2 [R] => 1 [u] => 1 [i] => 1 [a] => 1 [n] => 1 [Й] => 2 [Ы] => 2 [Щ] => 1 [Н] => 1 [C] => 1 [z] => 1 [c] => 1 [h] => 1 [ě] => 1 [š] => 1 [č] => 1 [ř] => 1 [ž] => 1 [ý] => 1 [á] => 1 [í] => 1 [é] => 1 ) ?> up down 1 Andrey G ¶ 5 years ago Checking that two strings are anagram: <?php function isAnagram ( $string1 , $string2 ) { return count_chars ( $string1 , 1 ) === count_chars ( $string2 , 1 ); } isAnagram ( 'act' , 'cat' ); // true ?> up down 2 Eric Pecoraro ¶ 20 years ago <?php // Require (n) unique characters in a string // Modification of a function below which ads some flexibility in how many unique characters are required in a given string. $pass = '123456' ; // true $pass = '111222' ; // false req_unique ( $pass , 3 ); function req_unique ( $string , $unique = 3 ) { if ( count ( count_chars ( $string , 1 )) < $unique ) { echo 'false' ; }else{ echo 'true' ; } } ?> up down 2 seb at synchrocide dot net ¶ 21 years ago After much trial and error trying to create a function that finds the number of unique characters in a string I same across count_chars() - my 20+ lines of useless code were wiped for this: <? function unichar($string) { $two= strtolower(str_replace(' ', '', $string)); $res = count(count_chars($two, 1)); return $res; } / examples :: */ echo unichar("bob"); // 2 echo unichar("Invisibility"); //8 echo unichar("The quick brown fox slyly jumped over the lazy dog"); //26 ?> I have no idea where this could be used, but it's quite fun up down 1 Anonymous ¶ 9 years ago count_chars for multibyte supported. <?php function mb_count_chars ( $string , $mode = 0 ) { $result = array_fill ( 0 , 256 , 0 ); for ( $i = 0 , $size = mb_strlen ( $string ); $i < $size ; $i ++) { $char = mb_substr ( $string , $i , 1 ); if ( strlen ( $char ) > 1 ) { continue; } $code = ord ( $char ); if ( $code >= 0 && $code <= 255 ) { $result [ $code ]++; } } switch ( $mode ) { case 1 : // same as 0 but only byte-values with a frequency greater than zero are listed. foreach ( $result as $key => $value ) { if ( $value == 0 ) { unset( $result [ $key ]); } } break; case 2 : // same as 0 but only byte-values with a frequency equal to zero are listed. foreach ( $result as $key => $value ) { if ( $value > 0 ) { unset( $result [ $key ]); } } break; case 3 : // a string containing all unique characters is returned. $buildString = '' ; foreach ( $result as $key => $value ) { if ( $value > 0 ) { $buildString .= chr ( $key ); } } return $buildString ; case 4 : // a string containing all not used characters is returned. $buildString = '' ; foreach ( $result as $key => $value ) { if ( $value == 0 ) { $buildString .= chr ( $key ); } } return $buildString ; } // change key names... foreach ( $result as $key => $value ) { $result [ chr ( $key )] = $value ; unset( $result [ $key ]); } return $result ; } ?> up down 0 pzb at novell dot com ¶ 18 years ago This function is great for input validation. I frequently need to check that all characters in a string are 7-bit ASCII (and not null). This is the fastest function I have found yet: <?php function is7bit ( $string ) { // empty strings are 7-bit clean if (! strlen ( $string )) { return true ; } // count_chars returns the characters in ascending octet order $str = count_chars ( $str , 3 ); // Check for null character if (! ord ( $str [ 0 ])) { return false ; } // Check for 8-bit character if ( ord ( $str [ strlen ( $str )- 1 ]) & 128 ) { return false ; } return true ; } ?> up down -2 phpC2007 ¶ 18 years ago Here's a function to count number of strings in a string. It can be used as a simple utf8-enabled count_chars (but limited to a single mode)... <?php function utf8_count_strings ( $stringChar ) { $num = - 1 ; $lenStringChar = strlen ( $stringChar ); for ( $lastPosition = 0 ; $lastPosition !== false ; $lastPosition = strpos ( $textSnippet , $stringChar , $lastPosition + $lenStringChar )) { $num ++; } return $num ; } ?> up down -3 mlong at mlong dot org ¶ 23 years ago // Usefulness of the two functions <?php $string = "aaabbc" ; // You just want to count the letter a $acount = substr_count ( $string , "a" ); // You want to count both letter a and letter b $counts = count_chars ( $string , 0 ); $acount = $counts [ ord ( "a" )]; $bcount = $counts [ ord ( "b" )]; ?> ＋添加备注字符串函数 addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/classNode.html#a0f7ff9fb24050fa53369a209955d62d9	LLVM: Node Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Types \| Public Member Functions \| Protected Attributes \| Friends \| List of all members Node Class Reference abstract #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inherited by FloatLiteralImpl< float > , FloatLiteralImpl< double > , FloatLiteralImpl< long double > , AbiTagAttr , ArraySubscriptExpr , ArrayType , BinaryExpr , BinaryFPType , BitIntType , BoolExpr , BracedExpr , BracedRangeExpr , CallExpr , CastExpr , ClosureTypeName , ConditionalExpr , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl , ConversionExpr , ConversionOperatorType , CtorDtorName , CtorVtableSpecialName , DeleteExpr , DotSuffix , DtorName , DynamicExceptionSpec , ElaboratedTypeSpefType , EnableIfAttr , EnclosingExpr , EnumLiteral , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , ExplicitObjectParameter , ExprRequirement , FloatLiteralImpl< Float > , FoldExpr , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionParam , FunctionType , GlobalQualifiedName , InitListExpr , IntegerLiteral , LambdaExpr , LiteralOperator , LocalName , MemberExpr , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , ModuleName , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , NestedRequirement , NewExpr , NodeArrayNode , NoexceptSpec , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl , ObjCProtoName , ParameterPack , ParameterPackExpansion , PixelVectorType , PointerToMemberConversionExpr , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , PostfixExpr , PostfixQualifiedType , PrefixExpr , QualType , QualifiedName , ReferenceType , RequiresExpr , SizeofParamPackExpr , SpecialName , StringLiteral , StructuredBindingName , SubobjectExpr , SyntheticTemplateParamName , TemplateArgs , TemplateArgumentPack , TemplateParamPackDecl , TemplateParamQualifiedArg , TemplateTemplateParamDecl , ThrowExpr , TransformedType , TypeRequirement , TypeTemplateParamDecl , UnnamedTypeName , VectorType , and VendorExtQualType . Public Types enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Public Member Functions   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node *  getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Protected Attributes Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Friends class  OutputBuffer Detailed Description Definition at line 166 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Member Enumeration Documentation ◆  Cache enum class Node::Cache : uint8_t strong Three-way bool to track a cached value. Unknown is possible if this node has an unexpanded parameter pack below it that may affect this cache. Enumerator Yes  No  Unknown  Definition at line 175 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Kind enum Node::Kind : uint8_t Definition at line 168 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Prec enum class Node::Prec : uint8_t strong Operator precedence for expression nodes. Used to determine required parens in expression emission. Enumerator Primary  Postfix  Unary  Cast  PtrMem  Multiplicative  Additive  Shift  Spaceship  Relational  Equality  And  Xor  Ior  AndIf  OrIf  Conditional  Assign  Comma  Default  Definition at line 179 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  Node() [1/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Prec Precedence_ = Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_ = Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 221 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , FunctionCache , No , Primary , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , ArraySubscriptExpr::ArraySubscriptExpr() , ArrayType::ArrayType() , BinaryExpr::BinaryExpr() , BinaryFPType::BinaryFPType() , BitIntType::BitIntType() , BoolExpr::BoolExpr() , BracedExpr::BracedExpr() , BracedRangeExpr::BracedRangeExpr() , CallExpr::CallExpr() , CastExpr::CastExpr() , ClosureTypeName::ClosureTypeName() , ConditionalExpr::ConditionalExpr() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ConversionExpr::ConversionExpr() , ConversionOperatorType::ConversionOperatorType() , CtorDtorName::CtorDtorName() , CtorVtableSpecialName::CtorVtableSpecialName() , DeleteExpr::DeleteExpr() , DotSuffix::DotSuffix() , DtorName::DtorName() , DynamicExceptionSpec::DynamicExceptionSpec() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::ElaboratedTypeSpefType() , EnableIfAttr::EnableIfAttr() , EnclosingExpr::EnclosingExpr() , EnumLiteral::EnumLiteral() , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution::ExpandedSpecialSubstitution() , ExplicitObjectParameter::ExplicitObjectParameter() , ExprRequirement::ExprRequirement() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::FloatLiteralImpl() , FoldExpr::FoldExpr() , ForwardTemplateReference::ForwardTemplateReference() , FunctionEncoding::FunctionEncoding() , FunctionParam::FunctionParam() , FunctionType::FunctionType() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::getArg() , FunctionEncoding::getAttrs() , VectorType::getBaseType() , ParameterPackExpansion::getChild() , QualType::getChild() , VectorType::getDimension() , FunctionEncoding::getName() , PointerType::getPointee() , FunctionEncoding::getRequires() , FunctionEncoding::getReturnType() , ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , VendorExtQualType::getTA() , VendorExtQualType::getTy() , GlobalQualifiedName::GlobalQualifiedName() , InitListExpr::InitListExpr() , IntegerLiteral::IntegerLiteral() , LambdaExpr::LambdaExpr() , LiteralOperator::LiteralOperator() , LocalName::LocalName() , MemberExpr::MemberExpr() , MemberLikeFriendName::MemberLikeFriendName() , ModuleEntity::ModuleEntity() , ModuleName::ModuleName() , NameType::NameType() , NameWithTemplateArgs::NameWithTemplateArgs() , NestedName::NestedName() , NestedRequirement::NestedRequirement() , NewExpr::NewExpr() , Node() , NodeArrayNode::NodeArrayNode() , NoexceptSpec::NoexceptSpec() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::NonTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , ParameterPackExpansion::ParameterPackExpansion() , PixelVectorType::PixelVectorType() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::PointerToMemberConversionExpr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , PostfixExpr::PostfixExpr() , PostfixQualifiedType::PostfixQualifiedType() , PrefixExpr::PrefixExpr() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::QualifiedName() , QualType::QualType() , ReferenceType::ReferenceType() , RequiresExpr::RequiresExpr() , SizeofParamPackExpr::SizeofParamPackExpr() , SpecialName::SpecialName() , StringLiteral::StringLiteral() , StructuredBindingName::StructuredBindingName() , SubobjectExpr::SubobjectExpr() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::SyntheticTemplateParamName() , TemplateArgs::TemplateArgs() , TemplateArgumentPack::TemplateArgumentPack() , TemplateParamPackDecl::TemplateParamPackDecl() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::TemplateParamQualifiedArg() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::TemplateTemplateParamDecl() , ThrowExpr::ThrowExpr() , TransformedType::TransformedType() , TypeRequirement::TypeRequirement() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::TypeTemplateParamDecl() , UnnamedTypeName::UnnamedTypeName() , VectorType::VectorType() , and VendorExtQualType::VendorExtQualType() . ◆  Node() [2/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Cache RHSComponentCache_ , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 226 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , Node() , and Primary . ◆  ~Node() virtual Node::~Node ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  dump() DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void Node::dump ( ) const References DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD . Referenced by llvm::DAGTypeLegalizer::run() , and llvm::RISCVDAGToDAGISel::Select() . ◆  getArrayCache() Cache Node::getArrayCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 262 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getBaseName() virtual std::string_view Node::getBaseName ( ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in AbiTagAttr , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , GlobalQualifiedName , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , QualifiedName , and SpecialSubstitution . Definition at line 299 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  getFunctionCache() Cache Node::getFunctionCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 263 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getKind() Kind Node::getKind ( ) const inline Definition at line 258 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseCtorDtorName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseNestedName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateArgs() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParam() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseUnscopedName() , NodeArray::printAsString() , and llvm::msgpack::Document::writeToBlob() . ◆  getPrecedence() Prec Node::getPrecedence ( ) const inline Definition at line 260 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by ArraySubscriptExpr::match() , BinaryExpr::match() , CallExpr::match() , CastExpr::match() , ConditionalExpr::match() , ConversionExpr::match() , DeleteExpr::match() , EnclosingExpr::match() , MemberExpr::match() , NewExpr::match() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::match() , PostfixExpr::match() , PrefixExpr::match() , printAsOperand() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , and PrefixExpr::printLeft() . ◆  getRHSComponentCache() Cache Node::getRHSComponentCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 261 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , QualType::QualType() , and ReferenceType::ReferenceType() . ◆  getSyntaxNode() virtual const Node * Node::getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , and ParameterPack . Definition at line 271 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node() , and OutputBuffer . ◆  hasArray() bool Node::hasArray ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 246 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , hasArraySlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasArraySlow() virtual bool Node::hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 266 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasArray() . ◆  hasFunction() bool Node::hasFunction ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 252 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache , hasFunctionSlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasFunctionSlow() virtual bool Node::hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 267 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasFunction() . ◆  hasRHSComponent() bool Node::hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 240 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , RHSComponentCache , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasRHSComponentSlow() virtual bool Node::hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , QualType , and ReferenceType . Definition at line 265 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasRHSComponent() . ◆  print() void Node::print ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 286 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , OutputBuffer , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by llvm::ItaniumPartialDemangler::getFunctionDeclContextName() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< AADepGraph * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< const MachineFunction * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::itaniumDemangle() , printAsOperand() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , and printNode() . ◆  printAsOperand() void Node::printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer & OB , Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse = false  ) const inline Definition at line 275 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Default , getPrecedence() , OutputBuffer , P , and print() . Referenced by llvm::DOTGraphTraits< DOTFuncInfo * >::getBBName() , getSimpleNodeName() , llvm::operator<<() , llvm::VPIRMetadata::print() , and llvm::SimpleNodeLabelString() . ◆  printInitListAsType() virtual bool Node::printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer & , const NodeArray &  ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType . Definition at line 295 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . ◆  visit() template<typename Fn> void Node::visit ( Fn F ) const Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. Visit the node. Calls F(P) , where P is the node cast to the appropriate derived class. Definition at line 2639 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , and F . Friends And Related Symbol Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer friend class OutputBuffer friend Definition at line 309 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , hasArray() , ArrayType::hasArraySlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasArraySlow() , hasArraySlow() , ParameterPack::hasArraySlow() , QualType::hasArraySlow() , hasFunction() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasFunctionSlow() , ParameterPack::hasFunctionSlow() , QualType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasRHSComponent() , ArrayType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , hasRHSComponentSlow() , ParameterPack::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerToMemberType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , QualType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ReferenceType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , print() , printAsOperand() , ClosureTypeName::printDeclarator() , ArrayType::printInitListAsType() , printInitListAsType() , AbiTagAttr::printLeft() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , ArrayType::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , BinaryFPType::printLeft() , BitIntType::printLeft() , BoolExpr::printLeft() , BracedExpr::printLeft() , BracedRangeExpr::printLeft() , CallExpr::printLeft() , CastExpr::printLeft() , ClosureTypeName::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ConversionExpr::printLeft() , ConversionOperatorType::printLeft() , CtorDtorName::printLeft() , CtorVtableSpecialName::printLeft() , DeleteExpr::printLeft() , DotSuffix::printLeft() , DtorName::printLeft() , DynamicExceptionSpec::printLeft() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::printLeft() , EnableIfAttr::printLeft() , EnclosingExpr::printLeft() , EnumLiteral::printLeft() , ExplicitObjectParameter::printLeft() , ExprRequirement::printLeft() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::printLeft() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , ForwardTemplateReference::printLeft() , FunctionEncoding::printLeft() , FunctionParam::printLeft() , FunctionType::printLeft() , GlobalQualifiedName::printLeft() , InitListExpr::printLeft() , IntegerLiteral::printLeft() , LambdaExpr::printLeft() , LiteralOperator::printLeft() , LocalName::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , MemberLikeFriendName::printLeft() , ModuleEntity::printLeft() , ModuleName::printLeft() , NameType::printLeft() , NameWithTemplateArgs::printLeft() , NestedName::printLeft() , NestedRequirement::printLeft() , NewExpr::printLeft() , NodeArrayNode::printLeft() , NoexceptSpec::printLeft() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ObjCProtoName::printLeft() , ParameterPack::printLeft() , ParameterPackExpansion::printLeft() , PixelVectorType::printLeft() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::printLeft() , PointerToMemberType::printLeft() , PointerType::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , PostfixQualifiedType::printLeft() , PrefixExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::printLeft() , QualType::printLeft() , ReferenceType::printLeft() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , SizeofParamPackExpr::printLeft() , SpecialName::printLeft() , SpecialSubstitution::printLeft() , StringLiteral::printLeft() , StructuredBindingName::printLeft() , SubobjectExpr::printLeft() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::printLeft() , TemplateArgs::printLeft() , TemplateArgumentPack::printLeft() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printLeft() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::printLeft() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ThrowExpr::printLeft() , TransformedType::printLeft() , TypeRequirement::printLeft() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , UnnamedTypeName::printLeft() , VectorType::printLeft() , VendorExtQualType::printLeft() , QualType::printQuals() , ArrayType::printRight() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ForwardTemplateReference::printRight() , FunctionEncoding::printRight() , FunctionType::printRight() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ParameterPack::printRight() , PointerToMemberType::printRight() , PointerType::printRight() , QualType::printRight() , ReferenceType::printRight() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printRight() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , and TypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() . Member Data Documentation ◆  ArrayCache Cache Node::ArrayCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 214 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getArrayCache() , hasArray() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  FunctionCache Cache Node::FunctionCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 218 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getFunctionCache() , hasFunction() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  RHSComponentCache Cache Node::RHSComponentCache protected Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Definition at line 210 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getRHSComponentCache() , hasRHSComponent() , Node() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , and print() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
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https://www.php.net/manual/ru/function.echo.php	PHP: echo - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box explode » « crypt Руководство по PHP Справочник функций Обработка текста Строки Функции для работы со строками Язык: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other echo (PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) echo — Выводит строки Описание echo ( string ...$expressions ): void Языковая конструкция выводит одно или ряд выражений без дополнительных символов новой строки или пробелов. С точки зрения строгой терминологии, echo не относится к функциям, это языковая конструкция. Аргументы конструкции — список выражений, которые идут за ключевым словом echo , разделяются запятыми и не ограничиваются круглыми скобками. Языковая конструкция echo , в отличие от других языковых конструкций, не возвращает никаких значений, поэтому её нельзя использовать в контексте выражения. У конструкции echo есть также краткий синтаксис, где можно сразу после открывающего тега поставить знак равенства. Сокращённый синтаксис работает даже с отключённым параметром конфигурации short_open_tag . У меня есть <?=$foo?> foo. Основные отличия от конструкции print состоят в том, что конструкция echo умеет принимать много аргументов и не возвращает значение. Список параметров expressions Одно или несколько строковых выражений для вывода, разделённых запятыми. Нестроковые значения будут преобразованы в строки, даже если включена директива strict_types . Возвращаемые значения Функция не возвращает значения после выполнения. Примеры Пример #1 Примеры вывода строк языковой конструкцией echo <?php echo "echo не требует скобок." ; // Строки передают по отдельности как набор аргументов // или объединяют вместе и передают как один аргумент echo 'Эта ' , 'строка ' , 'сформирована ' , 'из ' , 'нескольких параметров.' , "\n" ; echo 'Эта ' . 'строка ' . 'сформирована ' . 'с ' . 'помощью конкатенации.' . "\n" ; // Новая строка или пробел не добавляются; следующий пример выведет "приветмир" в одну строку echo "привет" ; echo "мир" ; // То же, что и предыдущий пример echo "привет" , "мир" ; echo "Эта строка занимает несколько строк. Переводы строк тоже выводятся" ; echo "Эта строка занимает\nнесколько строк. Переводы строк тоже\nвыводятся." ; // В аргументах разрешается передавать выражения, которые вычисляются как строки $foo = "пример" ; echo "пример — это $foo " ; // пример — это пример $fruits = [ "лимон" , "апельсин" , "банан" ]; echo implode ( " и " , $fruits ); // лимон и апельсин и банан // Нестроковые выражения приводятся к строковым, // даже при установке строгой проверки типов конструкцией declare(strict_types=1) echo 6 * 7 ; // 42 // Однако следующие примеры работают: ( $some_var ) ? print 'true' : print 'false' ; // print — тоже конструкция, // но это допустимое выражение, которое возвращает 1, // поэтому конструкция print допустима в этом контексте. echo $some_var ? 'true' : 'false' ; // Сначала выполняется выражение, а результат передаётся в конструкцию echo ?> Пример #2 Конструкция echo не относится к выражениям <?php // Следующий код недопустим, поскольку языковая конструкция echo не ведёт себя как выражение: ( $some_var ) ? echo 'true' : echo 'false' ; ?> Примечания Замечание : Конструкцию нельзя вызывать как функцию переменной или передавать как именованный аргумент , поскольку это языковая конструкция, а не функция. Замечание : Использование с круглыми скобками Заключение одного аргумента для конструкции echo в круглые скобки не вызовет синтаксической ошибки и создаст синтаксис, который выглядит как обычный вызов функции. Однако это может ввести в заблуждение, потому что круглые скобки интерпретируются как часть выводимого выражения, а не часть самого синтаксиса echo . Пример #3 Аргументы в круглых скобках <?php echo "привет" , PHP_EOL ;; // Выведет «привет» echo( "привет" ), PHP_EOL ;; // Тоже выведет "привет", потому что ("привет") — корректное выражение echo( 1 + 2 ) * 3 , PHP_EOL ;; // Выведет "9"; круглые скобки изменяют порядок вычисления, поэтому сначала вычисляется выражение 1 + 2, а затем выражение 3 * 3; // конструкция echo видит всё выражение как один аргумент echo "привет" , " мир" , PHP_EOL ;; // Выведет "привет мир" echo( "привет" ), ( " мир" ), PHP_EOL ; // Выведет "привет мир"; круглые скобки — часть каждого выражения ?> Пример #4 Недопустимое выражение <?php echo( "hello" , " world" ), PHP_EOL ; // Конструкция выбросит ошибку синтаксического анализа Parse Error, // потому что ("привет", "мир") — некорректное выражение ?> Подсказка Передача набора аргументов в конструкция echo помогает избегать осложнений, связанных с приоритетом оператора конкатенации в PHP. У оператора конкатенации, например, более высокий приоритет, чем у тернарного оператора, а до PHP 8.0.0 у точки был тот же приоритет, что и у сложения с вычитанием: <?php // В следующем примере выражение 'Привет, ' . isset($name) вычисляется первым // как значение true, поэтому echo выводит аргумент $name echo 'Привет, ' . isset( $name ) ? $name : 'Джон Доу' . '!' ; // Скобки переопределят порядок вычисления и конструкция поведёт себя как планировалось echo 'Привет, ' . (isset( $name ) ? $name : 'Джон Доу' ) . '!' ; // До PHP 8.0.0 следующий пример выводил "2", а не "Сумма: 3" echo 'Сумма: ' . 1 + 2 ; // И снова, добавление круглых скобок указывает точный порядок вычисления выражения. echo 'Сумма: ' . ( 1 + 2 ); ?> При передаче набора аргументов скобки не требуются для принудительной установки приоритета, поскольку каждое выражение обрабатывается отдельно: <?php echo "Привет, " , isset( $name ) ? $name : "Джон Доу" , "!" ; echo "Сумма: " , 1 + 2 ; Смотрите также print - Выводит строку printf() - Выводит отформатированную строку flush() - Сбрасывает системный буфер вывода Способы работы со строками Нашли ошибку? Инструкция • Исправление • Сообщение об ошибке ＋ Добавить Примечания пользователей 1 note up down 39 pemapmodder1970 at gmail dot com ¶ 8 years ago Passing multiple parameters to echo using commas (',')is not exactly identical to using the concatenation operator ('.'). There are two notable differences. First, concatenation operators have much higher precedence. Referring to http://php.net/operators.precedence, there are many operators with lower precedence than concatenation, so it is a good idea to use the multi-argument form instead of passing concatenated strings. <?php echo "The sum is " . 1 \| 2 ; // output: "2". Parentheses needed. echo "The sum is " , 1 \| 2 ; // output: "The sum is 3". Fine. ?> Second, a slightly confusing phenomenon is that unlike passing arguments to functions, the values are evaluated one by one. <?php function f ( $arg ){ var_dump ( $arg ); return $arg ; } echo "Foo" . f ( "bar" ) . "Foo" ; echo "\n\n" ; echo "Foo" , f ( "bar" ), "Foo" ; ?> The output would be: string(3) "bar"FoobarFoo Foostring(3) "bar" barFoo It would become a confusing bug for a script that uses blocking functions like sleep() as parameters: <?php while( true ){ echo "Loop start!\n" , sleep ( 1 ); } ?> vs <?php while( true ){ echo "Loop started!\n" . sleep ( 1 ); } ?> With ',' the cursor stops at the beginning every newline, while with '.' the cursor stops after the 0 in the beginning every line (because sleep() returns 0). ＋ Добавить Функции для работы со строками addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/classNode.html#ab58c2b1310ecb7d8cce72ad183f69c17	LLVM: Node Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Types \| Public Member Functions \| Protected Attributes \| Friends \| List of all members Node Class Reference abstract #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inherited by FloatLiteralImpl< float > , FloatLiteralImpl< double > , FloatLiteralImpl< long double > , AbiTagAttr , ArraySubscriptExpr , ArrayType , BinaryExpr , BinaryFPType , BitIntType , BoolExpr , BracedExpr , BracedRangeExpr , CallExpr , CastExpr , ClosureTypeName , ConditionalExpr , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl , ConversionExpr , ConversionOperatorType , CtorDtorName , CtorVtableSpecialName , DeleteExpr , DotSuffix , DtorName , DynamicExceptionSpec , ElaboratedTypeSpefType , EnableIfAttr , EnclosingExpr , EnumLiteral , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , ExplicitObjectParameter , ExprRequirement , FloatLiteralImpl< Float > , FoldExpr , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionParam , FunctionType , GlobalQualifiedName , InitListExpr , IntegerLiteral , LambdaExpr , LiteralOperator , LocalName , MemberExpr , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , ModuleName , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , NestedRequirement , NewExpr , NodeArrayNode , NoexceptSpec , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl , ObjCProtoName , ParameterPack , ParameterPackExpansion , PixelVectorType , PointerToMemberConversionExpr , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , PostfixExpr , PostfixQualifiedType , PrefixExpr , QualType , QualifiedName , ReferenceType , RequiresExpr , SizeofParamPackExpr , SpecialName , StringLiteral , StructuredBindingName , SubobjectExpr , SyntheticTemplateParamName , TemplateArgs , TemplateArgumentPack , TemplateParamPackDecl , TemplateParamQualifiedArg , TemplateTemplateParamDecl , ThrowExpr , TransformedType , TypeRequirement , TypeTemplateParamDecl , UnnamedTypeName , VectorType , and VendorExtQualType . Public Types enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Public Member Functions   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node *  getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Protected Attributes Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Friends class  OutputBuffer Detailed Description Definition at line 166 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Member Enumeration Documentation ◆  Cache enum class Node::Cache : uint8_t strong Three-way bool to track a cached value. Unknown is possible if this node has an unexpanded parameter pack below it that may affect this cache. Enumerator Yes  No  Unknown  Definition at line 175 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Kind enum Node::Kind : uint8_t Definition at line 168 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Prec enum class Node::Prec : uint8_t strong Operator precedence for expression nodes. Used to determine required parens in expression emission. Enumerator Primary  Postfix  Unary  Cast  PtrMem  Multiplicative  Additive  Shift  Spaceship  Relational  Equality  And  Xor  Ior  AndIf  OrIf  Conditional  Assign  Comma  Default  Definition at line 179 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  Node() [1/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Prec Precedence_ = Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_ = Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 221 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , FunctionCache , No , Primary , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , ArraySubscriptExpr::ArraySubscriptExpr() , ArrayType::ArrayType() , BinaryExpr::BinaryExpr() , BinaryFPType::BinaryFPType() , BitIntType::BitIntType() , BoolExpr::BoolExpr() , BracedExpr::BracedExpr() , BracedRangeExpr::BracedRangeExpr() , CallExpr::CallExpr() , CastExpr::CastExpr() , ClosureTypeName::ClosureTypeName() , ConditionalExpr::ConditionalExpr() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ConversionExpr::ConversionExpr() , ConversionOperatorType::ConversionOperatorType() , CtorDtorName::CtorDtorName() , CtorVtableSpecialName::CtorVtableSpecialName() , DeleteExpr::DeleteExpr() , DotSuffix::DotSuffix() , DtorName::DtorName() , DynamicExceptionSpec::DynamicExceptionSpec() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::ElaboratedTypeSpefType() , EnableIfAttr::EnableIfAttr() , EnclosingExpr::EnclosingExpr() , EnumLiteral::EnumLiteral() , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution::ExpandedSpecialSubstitution() , ExplicitObjectParameter::ExplicitObjectParameter() , ExprRequirement::ExprRequirement() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::FloatLiteralImpl() , FoldExpr::FoldExpr() , ForwardTemplateReference::ForwardTemplateReference() , FunctionEncoding::FunctionEncoding() , FunctionParam::FunctionParam() , FunctionType::FunctionType() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::getArg() , FunctionEncoding::getAttrs() , VectorType::getBaseType() , ParameterPackExpansion::getChild() , QualType::getChild() , VectorType::getDimension() , FunctionEncoding::getName() , PointerType::getPointee() , FunctionEncoding::getRequires() , FunctionEncoding::getReturnType() , ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , VendorExtQualType::getTA() , VendorExtQualType::getTy() , GlobalQualifiedName::GlobalQualifiedName() , InitListExpr::InitListExpr() , IntegerLiteral::IntegerLiteral() , LambdaExpr::LambdaExpr() , LiteralOperator::LiteralOperator() , LocalName::LocalName() , MemberExpr::MemberExpr() , MemberLikeFriendName::MemberLikeFriendName() , ModuleEntity::ModuleEntity() , ModuleName::ModuleName() , NameType::NameType() , NameWithTemplateArgs::NameWithTemplateArgs() , NestedName::NestedName() , NestedRequirement::NestedRequirement() , NewExpr::NewExpr() , Node() , NodeArrayNode::NodeArrayNode() , NoexceptSpec::NoexceptSpec() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::NonTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , ParameterPackExpansion::ParameterPackExpansion() , PixelVectorType::PixelVectorType() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::PointerToMemberConversionExpr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , PostfixExpr::PostfixExpr() , PostfixQualifiedType::PostfixQualifiedType() , PrefixExpr::PrefixExpr() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::QualifiedName() , QualType::QualType() , ReferenceType::ReferenceType() , RequiresExpr::RequiresExpr() , SizeofParamPackExpr::SizeofParamPackExpr() , SpecialName::SpecialName() , StringLiteral::StringLiteral() , StructuredBindingName::StructuredBindingName() , SubobjectExpr::SubobjectExpr() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::SyntheticTemplateParamName() , TemplateArgs::TemplateArgs() , TemplateArgumentPack::TemplateArgumentPack() , TemplateParamPackDecl::TemplateParamPackDecl() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::TemplateParamQualifiedArg() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::TemplateTemplateParamDecl() , ThrowExpr::ThrowExpr() , TransformedType::TransformedType() , TypeRequirement::TypeRequirement() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::TypeTemplateParamDecl() , UnnamedTypeName::UnnamedTypeName() , VectorType::VectorType() , and VendorExtQualType::VendorExtQualType() . ◆  Node() [2/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Cache RHSComponentCache_ , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 226 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , Node() , and Primary . ◆  ~Node() virtual Node::~Node ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  dump() DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void Node::dump ( ) const References DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD . Referenced by llvm::DAGTypeLegalizer::run() , and llvm::RISCVDAGToDAGISel::Select() . ◆  getArrayCache() Cache Node::getArrayCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 262 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getBaseName() virtual std::string_view Node::getBaseName ( ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in AbiTagAttr , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , GlobalQualifiedName , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , QualifiedName , and SpecialSubstitution . Definition at line 299 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  getFunctionCache() Cache Node::getFunctionCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 263 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getKind() Kind Node::getKind ( ) const inline Definition at line 258 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseCtorDtorName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseNestedName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateArgs() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParam() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseUnscopedName() , NodeArray::printAsString() , and llvm::msgpack::Document::writeToBlob() . ◆  getPrecedence() Prec Node::getPrecedence ( ) const inline Definition at line 260 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by ArraySubscriptExpr::match() , BinaryExpr::match() , CallExpr::match() , CastExpr::match() , ConditionalExpr::match() , ConversionExpr::match() , DeleteExpr::match() , EnclosingExpr::match() , MemberExpr::match() , NewExpr::match() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::match() , PostfixExpr::match() , PrefixExpr::match() , printAsOperand() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , and PrefixExpr::printLeft() . ◆  getRHSComponentCache() Cache Node::getRHSComponentCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 261 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , QualType::QualType() , and ReferenceType::ReferenceType() . ◆  getSyntaxNode() virtual const Node * Node::getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , and ParameterPack . Definition at line 271 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node() , and OutputBuffer . ◆  hasArray() bool Node::hasArray ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 246 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , hasArraySlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasArraySlow() virtual bool Node::hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 266 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasArray() . ◆  hasFunction() bool Node::hasFunction ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 252 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache , hasFunctionSlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasFunctionSlow() virtual bool Node::hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 267 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasFunction() . ◆  hasRHSComponent() bool Node::hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 240 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , RHSComponentCache , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasRHSComponentSlow() virtual bool Node::hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , QualType , and ReferenceType . Definition at line 265 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasRHSComponent() . ◆  print() void Node::print ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 286 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , OutputBuffer , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by llvm::ItaniumPartialDemangler::getFunctionDeclContextName() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< AADepGraph * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< const MachineFunction * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::itaniumDemangle() , printAsOperand() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , and printNode() . ◆  printAsOperand() void Node::printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer & OB , Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse = false  ) const inline Definition at line 275 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Default , getPrecedence() , OutputBuffer , P , and print() . Referenced by llvm::DOTGraphTraits< DOTFuncInfo * >::getBBName() , getSimpleNodeName() , llvm::operator<<() , llvm::VPIRMetadata::print() , and llvm::SimpleNodeLabelString() . ◆  printInitListAsType() virtual bool Node::printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer & , const NodeArray &  ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType . Definition at line 295 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . ◆  visit() template<typename Fn> void Node::visit ( Fn F ) const Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. Visit the node. Calls F(P) , where P is the node cast to the appropriate derived class. Definition at line 2639 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , and F . Friends And Related Symbol Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer friend class OutputBuffer friend Definition at line 309 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , hasArray() , ArrayType::hasArraySlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasArraySlow() , hasArraySlow() , ParameterPack::hasArraySlow() , QualType::hasArraySlow() , hasFunction() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasFunctionSlow() , ParameterPack::hasFunctionSlow() , QualType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasRHSComponent() , ArrayType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , hasRHSComponentSlow() , ParameterPack::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerToMemberType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , QualType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ReferenceType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , print() , printAsOperand() , ClosureTypeName::printDeclarator() , ArrayType::printInitListAsType() , printInitListAsType() , AbiTagAttr::printLeft() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , ArrayType::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , BinaryFPType::printLeft() , BitIntType::printLeft() , BoolExpr::printLeft() , BracedExpr::printLeft() , BracedRangeExpr::printLeft() , CallExpr::printLeft() , CastExpr::printLeft() , ClosureTypeName::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ConversionExpr::printLeft() , ConversionOperatorType::printLeft() , CtorDtorName::printLeft() , CtorVtableSpecialName::printLeft() , DeleteExpr::printLeft() , DotSuffix::printLeft() , DtorName::printLeft() , DynamicExceptionSpec::printLeft() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::printLeft() , EnableIfAttr::printLeft() , EnclosingExpr::printLeft() , EnumLiteral::printLeft() , ExplicitObjectParameter::printLeft() , ExprRequirement::printLeft() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::printLeft() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , ForwardTemplateReference::printLeft() , FunctionEncoding::printLeft() , FunctionParam::printLeft() , FunctionType::printLeft() , GlobalQualifiedName::printLeft() , InitListExpr::printLeft() , IntegerLiteral::printLeft() , LambdaExpr::printLeft() , LiteralOperator::printLeft() , LocalName::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , MemberLikeFriendName::printLeft() , ModuleEntity::printLeft() , ModuleName::printLeft() , NameType::printLeft() , NameWithTemplateArgs::printLeft() , NestedName::printLeft() , NestedRequirement::printLeft() , NewExpr::printLeft() , NodeArrayNode::printLeft() , NoexceptSpec::printLeft() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ObjCProtoName::printLeft() , ParameterPack::printLeft() , ParameterPackExpansion::printLeft() , PixelVectorType::printLeft() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::printLeft() , PointerToMemberType::printLeft() , PointerType::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , PostfixQualifiedType::printLeft() , PrefixExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::printLeft() , QualType::printLeft() , ReferenceType::printLeft() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , SizeofParamPackExpr::printLeft() , SpecialName::printLeft() , SpecialSubstitution::printLeft() , StringLiteral::printLeft() , StructuredBindingName::printLeft() , SubobjectExpr::printLeft() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::printLeft() , TemplateArgs::printLeft() , TemplateArgumentPack::printLeft() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printLeft() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::printLeft() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ThrowExpr::printLeft() , TransformedType::printLeft() , TypeRequirement::printLeft() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , UnnamedTypeName::printLeft() , VectorType::printLeft() , VendorExtQualType::printLeft() , QualType::printQuals() , ArrayType::printRight() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ForwardTemplateReference::printRight() , FunctionEncoding::printRight() , FunctionType::printRight() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ParameterPack::printRight() , PointerToMemberType::printRight() , PointerType::printRight() , QualType::printRight() , ReferenceType::printRight() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printRight() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , and TypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() . Member Data Documentation ◆  ArrayCache Cache Node::ArrayCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 214 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getArrayCache() , hasArray() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  FunctionCache Cache Node::FunctionCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 218 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getFunctionCache() , hasFunction() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  RHSComponentCache Cache Node::RHSComponentCache protected Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Definition at line 210 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getRHSComponentCache() , hasRHSComponent() , Node() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , and print() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/manual/tr/function.echo.php	PHP: echo - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box explode » « crypt PHP Kılavuzu İşlev Başvuru Kılavuzu Metin İşleme Strings Dizge İşlevleri Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other echo (PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) echo — Bir veya daha fazla dizgeyi çıktılar Açıklama echo ( string ...$ifadeler ): void Tüm bağımsız değişkenlerini çıktılar. echo aslında bir işlev değil bir dil oluşumudur, yani bağımsız değişkenlerini yaylı ayraçlar arasına almak gerekmez. Bağımsız değişkenleri, echo anahtar sözcüğünü izleyen, virgüllerle ayrılmış ve parantez içine alınmamış ifadelerden oluşur. Diğer bazı dil oluşumlarının aksine, echo 'nun herhangi bir dönüş değeri yoktur, bu nedenle bir ifade bağlamında kullanılamaz. echo ayrıca kısaltılmış bir sözdizimine de sahiptir. Bir açan PHP etiketinin ardına bir eşit işareti koyup dizgeyi ardına yazmanız yeterlidir. Bu kısa sözdizimi short_open_tag yapılandırma yönergesi iptal edilmiş olsa bile kullanılır. Örnek: I have <?=$foo?> foo. print işlevine göre başlıca fark echo 'nun çok sayıda bağımsız değişken kabul etmesi ve bir dönüş değerinin olmamasıdır. Bağımsız Değişkenler ifadeler Virgüllerle ayrılmış bir veya daha fazla dizge ifadesi. Dizge olmayan değerler, strict_types yönergesi etkin olsa bile dizgeye zorlanır. Dönen Değerler Hiçbir değer dönmez. Örnekler Örnek 1 - echo örnekleri <?php echo "echo için parantez gerekmez" ; // Dizgeler ya çoklu bağımsız değişkenler olarak tek tek aktarılır // ya da birbirlerine eklenip tek bir bağımsız değişken olarak aktarılır echo 'Bu ' , 'dizge ' , 'çok sayıda' , 'bağımsız değişken ' , 'ile yapıldı.' , "\n" ; echo 'Bu ' . 'dizge ' . 'çok sayıda ' . 'bağımsız değişken ' . 'birbirine eklenerek yapıldı.' . "\n" ; // Satırsonu karakteri veya boşluk eklemek gerekmez // bu iki satır tek satırlık "merhabaDünya" çıktılar echo "merhaba" ; echo "Dünya" ; // Yukarıdaki ile aynı sonucu verir echo "merhaba" , "Dünya" ; echo "Bu dizge çok satırlıdır. Satırsonu karakterleri de çıktılanır." ; echo "Bu dizge\nçok satırlıdır. Satırsonu\nkarakterleri de çıktılanır." ; // Bağımsız değişken bir dizge üreten herhangi bir ifade olabilir $buda = "Buda" ; echo "Bu da $buda " ; // Bu da Buda $meyveler = [ "limon" , "portakal" , "muz" ]; echo implode ( " ve " , $meyveler ); // limon ve porakal ve muz // declare(strict_types=1) kullanılmış olsa bile // dizge olmayan ifadeler dizgeye zorlanır echo 6 * 7 ; // 42 // echo bir ifade gibi davranmadığından bu ifade geçersizdir ( $ifade ) ? echo 'true' : echo 'false' ; // Ama bu örnek çalışır: ( $ifade ) ? print 'true' : print 'false' ; // print de bir dil oluşumudur, ama // geçerli bir ifadedir, 1 döndürür, // dolayısıyla bu bağlamda geçerlidir. // Burada ifade değerlendirildikten sonra echo'ya aktarılmaktadır echo $some_var ? 'true' : 'false' ; ?> Notlar Bilginize : Bu bir işlev değil, dil oluşumu olduğundan değişken işlevler veya isimli bağımsız değişkenler kullanılarak çağrılamaz. Bilginize : - Parantezli kullanım Tek bir bağımsız değişkeni parantezlerle çevrelemek bir sözdizimi hatası oluşturmaz ve normal bir işlev çağrısı gibi görünen sözdizimi üretir. Bununla birlikte, bu yanıltıcı olabilir, çünkü parantezler aslında echo sözdiziminin bir parçası değil, bağımsız değişken olarak verilen ifadenin bir parçasıdır. <?php echo "hello" ; // "hello" basar echo( "hello" ); // bu da "hello" basar, çünkü ("hello") geçerli bir ifadedir echo( 1 + 2 ) * 3 ; // "9" basar; parantezler 1+2'nin önce değerlendirilip sonra 3 ile // çarpılmasını sağlar. İfade değerlendirildikten sonra echo'ya // aktarıldığından echo ifadenin tümünü tek bir bağımsız değişken olarak görür. echo "hello" , " world" ; // "hello world" basar echo( "hello" ), ( " world" ); // "hello world" basar; Parantezler ifadenin parçasıdır echo( "hello" , " world" ); // Bir çözümleme hatası oluşur, çünkü ("hello", " world") geçersiz bir ifadedir ?> İpucu echo 'ya birden çok bağımsız değişken aktarmak, PHP'deki bitiştirme işlecinin önceliğinden kaynaklanan karışıklıkları önleyebilir. Örneğin, birleştirme işleci üçlü işleçten daha yüksek önceliğe sahiptir ve PHP 8.0.0'dan önce toplama ve çıkarma ile aynı önceliğe sahipti: <?php // Önce 'Hello ' . isset($name) ifadesi değerlendirilir, // sonuç daima true olur, bu bakımdan sadece $name basılır echo 'Hello ' . isset( $name ) ? $name : 'John Doe' . '!' ; // Amaçlanan davranış daha fazla parantez gerektirir echo 'Hello ' . (isset( $name ) ? $name : 'John Doe' ) . '!' ; // PHP 8.0.0 öncesinde, "Sum: 3" yerine "2" basılırdı echo 'Sum: ' . 1 + 2 ; // Bu kez de parentez eklenerek amaçlanan davranış elde edilebilir echo 'Sum: ' . ( 1 + 2 ); Çok sayıda bağımsız değişken aktarılırsa önceliği devreye sokmak için parantezler gerekmez, çünkü her ifade ayrı değerlendirilir:I <?php echo "Hello " , isset( $name ) ? $name : "John Doe" , "!" ; echo "Sum: " , 1 + 2 ; Ayrıca Bakınız print - Bir dizge çıktılar printf() - Biçemli bir dizge çıktılar flush() - Sistem çıktı tamponunu boşaltır Sayısal dizgeleri belirtme yolları Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes 1 note up down 39 pemapmodder1970 at gmail dot com ¶ 8 years ago Passing multiple parameters to echo using commas (',')is not exactly identical to using the concatenation operator ('.'). There are two notable differences. First, concatenation operators have much higher precedence. Referring to http://php.net/operators.precedence, there are many operators with lower precedence than concatenation, so it is a good idea to use the multi-argument form instead of passing concatenated strings. <?php echo "The sum is " . 1 \| 2 ; // output: "2". Parentheses needed. echo "The sum is " , 1 \| 2 ; // output: "The sum is 3". Fine. ?> Second, a slightly confusing phenomenon is that unlike passing arguments to functions, the values are evaluated one by one. <?php function f ( $arg ){ var_dump ( $arg ); return $arg ; } echo "Foo" . f ( "bar" ) . "Foo" ; echo "\n\n" ; echo "Foo" , f ( "bar" ), "Foo" ; ?> The output would be: string(3) "bar"FoobarFoo Foostring(3) "bar" barFoo It would become a confusing bug for a script that uses blocking functions like sleep() as parameters: <?php while( true ){ echo "Loop start!\n" , sleep ( 1 ); } ?> vs <?php while( true ){ echo "Loop started!\n" . sleep ( 1 ); } ?> With ',' the cursor stops at the beginning every newline, while with '.' the cursor stops after the 0 in the beginning every line (because sleep() returns 0). ＋ add a note Dizge İşlevleri addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/classNode.html#aae5cdb3eedc870de0873aed823149a3a	LLVM: Node Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Types \| Public Member Functions \| Protected Attributes \| Friends \| List of all members Node Class Reference abstract #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inherited by FloatLiteralImpl< float > , FloatLiteralImpl< double > , FloatLiteralImpl< long double > , AbiTagAttr , ArraySubscriptExpr , ArrayType , BinaryExpr , BinaryFPType , BitIntType , BoolExpr , BracedExpr , BracedRangeExpr , CallExpr , CastExpr , ClosureTypeName , ConditionalExpr , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl , ConversionExpr , ConversionOperatorType , CtorDtorName , CtorVtableSpecialName , DeleteExpr , DotSuffix , DtorName , DynamicExceptionSpec , ElaboratedTypeSpefType , EnableIfAttr , EnclosingExpr , EnumLiteral , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , ExplicitObjectParameter , ExprRequirement , FloatLiteralImpl< Float > , FoldExpr , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionParam , FunctionType , GlobalQualifiedName , InitListExpr , IntegerLiteral , LambdaExpr , LiteralOperator , LocalName , MemberExpr , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , ModuleName , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , NestedRequirement , NewExpr , NodeArrayNode , NoexceptSpec , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl , ObjCProtoName , ParameterPack , ParameterPackExpansion , PixelVectorType , PointerToMemberConversionExpr , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , PostfixExpr , PostfixQualifiedType , PrefixExpr , QualType , QualifiedName , ReferenceType , RequiresExpr , SizeofParamPackExpr , SpecialName , StringLiteral , StructuredBindingName , SubobjectExpr , SyntheticTemplateParamName , TemplateArgs , TemplateArgumentPack , TemplateParamPackDecl , TemplateParamQualifiedArg , TemplateTemplateParamDecl , ThrowExpr , TransformedType , TypeRequirement , TypeTemplateParamDecl , UnnamedTypeName , VectorType , and VendorExtQualType . Public Types enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Public Member Functions   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node *  getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Protected Attributes Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Friends class  OutputBuffer Detailed Description Definition at line 166 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Member Enumeration Documentation ◆  Cache enum class Node::Cache : uint8_t strong Three-way bool to track a cached value. Unknown is possible if this node has an unexpanded parameter pack below it that may affect this cache. Enumerator Yes  No  Unknown  Definition at line 175 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Kind enum Node::Kind : uint8_t Definition at line 168 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Prec enum class Node::Prec : uint8_t strong Operator precedence for expression nodes. Used to determine required parens in expression emission. Enumerator Primary  Postfix  Unary  Cast  PtrMem  Multiplicative  Additive  Shift  Spaceship  Relational  Equality  And  Xor  Ior  AndIf  OrIf  Conditional  Assign  Comma  Default  Definition at line 179 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  Node() [1/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Prec Precedence_ = Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_ = Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 221 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , FunctionCache , No , Primary , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , ArraySubscriptExpr::ArraySubscriptExpr() , ArrayType::ArrayType() , BinaryExpr::BinaryExpr() , BinaryFPType::BinaryFPType() , BitIntType::BitIntType() , BoolExpr::BoolExpr() , BracedExpr::BracedExpr() , BracedRangeExpr::BracedRangeExpr() , CallExpr::CallExpr() , CastExpr::CastExpr() , ClosureTypeName::ClosureTypeName() , ConditionalExpr::ConditionalExpr() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ConversionExpr::ConversionExpr() , ConversionOperatorType::ConversionOperatorType() , CtorDtorName::CtorDtorName() , CtorVtableSpecialName::CtorVtableSpecialName() , DeleteExpr::DeleteExpr() , DotSuffix::DotSuffix() , DtorName::DtorName() , DynamicExceptionSpec::DynamicExceptionSpec() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::ElaboratedTypeSpefType() , EnableIfAttr::EnableIfAttr() , EnclosingExpr::EnclosingExpr() , EnumLiteral::EnumLiteral() , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution::ExpandedSpecialSubstitution() , ExplicitObjectParameter::ExplicitObjectParameter() , ExprRequirement::ExprRequirement() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::FloatLiteralImpl() , FoldExpr::FoldExpr() , ForwardTemplateReference::ForwardTemplateReference() , FunctionEncoding::FunctionEncoding() , FunctionParam::FunctionParam() , FunctionType::FunctionType() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::getArg() , FunctionEncoding::getAttrs() , VectorType::getBaseType() , ParameterPackExpansion::getChild() , QualType::getChild() , VectorType::getDimension() , FunctionEncoding::getName() , PointerType::getPointee() , FunctionEncoding::getRequires() , FunctionEncoding::getReturnType() , ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , VendorExtQualType::getTA() , VendorExtQualType::getTy() , GlobalQualifiedName::GlobalQualifiedName() , InitListExpr::InitListExpr() , IntegerLiteral::IntegerLiteral() , LambdaExpr::LambdaExpr() , LiteralOperator::LiteralOperator() , LocalName::LocalName() , MemberExpr::MemberExpr() , MemberLikeFriendName::MemberLikeFriendName() , ModuleEntity::ModuleEntity() , ModuleName::ModuleName() , NameType::NameType() , NameWithTemplateArgs::NameWithTemplateArgs() , NestedName::NestedName() , NestedRequirement::NestedRequirement() , NewExpr::NewExpr() , Node() , NodeArrayNode::NodeArrayNode() , NoexceptSpec::NoexceptSpec() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::NonTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , ParameterPackExpansion::ParameterPackExpansion() , PixelVectorType::PixelVectorType() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::PointerToMemberConversionExpr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , PostfixExpr::PostfixExpr() , PostfixQualifiedType::PostfixQualifiedType() , PrefixExpr::PrefixExpr() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::QualifiedName() , QualType::QualType() , ReferenceType::ReferenceType() , RequiresExpr::RequiresExpr() , SizeofParamPackExpr::SizeofParamPackExpr() , SpecialName::SpecialName() , StringLiteral::StringLiteral() , StructuredBindingName::StructuredBindingName() , SubobjectExpr::SubobjectExpr() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::SyntheticTemplateParamName() , TemplateArgs::TemplateArgs() , TemplateArgumentPack::TemplateArgumentPack() , TemplateParamPackDecl::TemplateParamPackDecl() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::TemplateParamQualifiedArg() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::TemplateTemplateParamDecl() , ThrowExpr::ThrowExpr() , TransformedType::TransformedType() , TypeRequirement::TypeRequirement() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::TypeTemplateParamDecl() , UnnamedTypeName::UnnamedTypeName() , VectorType::VectorType() , and VendorExtQualType::VendorExtQualType() . ◆  Node() [2/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Cache RHSComponentCache_ , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 226 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , Node() , and Primary . ◆  ~Node() virtual Node::~Node ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  dump() DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void Node::dump ( ) const References DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD . Referenced by llvm::DAGTypeLegalizer::run() , and llvm::RISCVDAGToDAGISel::Select() . ◆  getArrayCache() Cache Node::getArrayCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 262 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getBaseName() virtual std::string_view Node::getBaseName ( ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in AbiTagAttr , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , GlobalQualifiedName , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , QualifiedName , and SpecialSubstitution . Definition at line 299 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  getFunctionCache() Cache Node::getFunctionCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 263 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getKind() Kind Node::getKind ( ) const inline Definition at line 258 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseCtorDtorName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseNestedName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateArgs() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParam() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseUnscopedName() , NodeArray::printAsString() , and llvm::msgpack::Document::writeToBlob() . ◆  getPrecedence() Prec Node::getPrecedence ( ) const inline Definition at line 260 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by ArraySubscriptExpr::match() , BinaryExpr::match() , CallExpr::match() , CastExpr::match() , ConditionalExpr::match() , ConversionExpr::match() , DeleteExpr::match() , EnclosingExpr::match() , MemberExpr::match() , NewExpr::match() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::match() , PostfixExpr::match() , PrefixExpr::match() , printAsOperand() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , and PrefixExpr::printLeft() . ◆  getRHSComponentCache() Cache Node::getRHSComponentCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 261 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , QualType::QualType() , and ReferenceType::ReferenceType() . ◆  getSyntaxNode() virtual const Node * Node::getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , and ParameterPack . Definition at line 271 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node() , and OutputBuffer . ◆  hasArray() bool Node::hasArray ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 246 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , hasArraySlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasArraySlow() virtual bool Node::hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 266 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasArray() . ◆  hasFunction() bool Node::hasFunction ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 252 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache , hasFunctionSlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasFunctionSlow() virtual bool Node::hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 267 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasFunction() . ◆  hasRHSComponent() bool Node::hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 240 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , RHSComponentCache , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasRHSComponentSlow() virtual bool Node::hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , QualType , and ReferenceType . Definition at line 265 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasRHSComponent() . ◆  print() void Node::print ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 286 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , OutputBuffer , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by llvm::ItaniumPartialDemangler::getFunctionDeclContextName() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< AADepGraph * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< const MachineFunction * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::itaniumDemangle() , printAsOperand() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , and printNode() . ◆  printAsOperand() void Node::printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer & OB , Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse = false  ) const inline Definition at line 275 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Default , getPrecedence() , OutputBuffer , P , and print() . Referenced by llvm::DOTGraphTraits< DOTFuncInfo * >::getBBName() , getSimpleNodeName() , llvm::operator<<() , llvm::VPIRMetadata::print() , and llvm::SimpleNodeLabelString() . ◆  printInitListAsType() virtual bool Node::printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer & , const NodeArray &  ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType . Definition at line 295 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . ◆  visit() template<typename Fn> void Node::visit ( Fn F ) const Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. Visit the node. Calls F(P) , where P is the node cast to the appropriate derived class. Definition at line 2639 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , and F . Friends And Related Symbol Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer friend class OutputBuffer friend Definition at line 309 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , hasArray() , ArrayType::hasArraySlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasArraySlow() , hasArraySlow() , ParameterPack::hasArraySlow() , QualType::hasArraySlow() , hasFunction() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasFunctionSlow() , ParameterPack::hasFunctionSlow() , QualType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasRHSComponent() , ArrayType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , hasRHSComponentSlow() , ParameterPack::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerToMemberType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , QualType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ReferenceType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , print() , printAsOperand() , ClosureTypeName::printDeclarator() , ArrayType::printInitListAsType() , printInitListAsType() , AbiTagAttr::printLeft() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , ArrayType::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , BinaryFPType::printLeft() , BitIntType::printLeft() , BoolExpr::printLeft() , BracedExpr::printLeft() , BracedRangeExpr::printLeft() , CallExpr::printLeft() , CastExpr::printLeft() , ClosureTypeName::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ConversionExpr::printLeft() , ConversionOperatorType::printLeft() , CtorDtorName::printLeft() , CtorVtableSpecialName::printLeft() , DeleteExpr::printLeft() , DotSuffix::printLeft() , DtorName::printLeft() , DynamicExceptionSpec::printLeft() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::printLeft() , EnableIfAttr::printLeft() , EnclosingExpr::printLeft() , EnumLiteral::printLeft() , ExplicitObjectParameter::printLeft() , ExprRequirement::printLeft() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::printLeft() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , ForwardTemplateReference::printLeft() , FunctionEncoding::printLeft() , FunctionParam::printLeft() , FunctionType::printLeft() , GlobalQualifiedName::printLeft() , InitListExpr::printLeft() , IntegerLiteral::printLeft() , LambdaExpr::printLeft() , LiteralOperator::printLeft() , LocalName::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , MemberLikeFriendName::printLeft() , ModuleEntity::printLeft() , ModuleName::printLeft() , NameType::printLeft() , NameWithTemplateArgs::printLeft() , NestedName::printLeft() , NestedRequirement::printLeft() , NewExpr::printLeft() , NodeArrayNode::printLeft() , NoexceptSpec::printLeft() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ObjCProtoName::printLeft() , ParameterPack::printLeft() , ParameterPackExpansion::printLeft() , PixelVectorType::printLeft() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::printLeft() , PointerToMemberType::printLeft() , PointerType::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , PostfixQualifiedType::printLeft() , PrefixExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::printLeft() , QualType::printLeft() , ReferenceType::printLeft() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , SizeofParamPackExpr::printLeft() , SpecialName::printLeft() , SpecialSubstitution::printLeft() , StringLiteral::printLeft() , StructuredBindingName::printLeft() , SubobjectExpr::printLeft() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::printLeft() , TemplateArgs::printLeft() , TemplateArgumentPack::printLeft() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printLeft() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::printLeft() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ThrowExpr::printLeft() , TransformedType::printLeft() , TypeRequirement::printLeft() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , UnnamedTypeName::printLeft() , VectorType::printLeft() , VendorExtQualType::printLeft() , QualType::printQuals() , ArrayType::printRight() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ForwardTemplateReference::printRight() , FunctionEncoding::printRight() , FunctionType::printRight() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ParameterPack::printRight() , PointerToMemberType::printRight() , PointerType::printRight() , QualType::printRight() , ReferenceType::printRight() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printRight() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , and TypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() . Member Data Documentation ◆  ArrayCache Cache Node::ArrayCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 214 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getArrayCache() , hasArray() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  FunctionCache Cache Node::FunctionCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 218 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getFunctionCache() , hasFunction() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  RHSComponentCache Cache Node::RHSComponentCache protected Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Definition at line 210 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getRHSComponentCache() , hasRHSComponent() , Node() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , and print() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://reviews.llvm.org/D126309#inline-1227879	⚙ D126309 [docs][OpaquePtr] Add detail to motivations behind opaque pointers Page Menu Home Phabricator This is an archive of the discontinued LLVM Phabricator instance. Paths Table of Contents t - llvm/docs/ - docs/ 2 OpaquePointers.rst Hide Panel f Keyboard Reference ? Differential D126309 [docs][OpaquePtr] Add detail to motivations behind opaque pointers Closed Public Authored by aeubanks on May 24 2022, 10:58 AM. Download Raw Diff Details Reviewers rnk nikic Group Reviewers Restricted Project Commits rG47bfc365fc84: [docs][OpaquePtr] Add detail to motivations behind opaque pointers Diff Detail Repository rG LLVM Github Monorepo Event Timeline aeubanks created this revision. May 24 2022, 10:58 AM Herald added a project: Restricted Project . · View Herald Transcript May 24 2022, 10:58 AM aeubanks requested review of this revision. May 24 2022, 10:58 AM Herald added a project: Restricted Project . · View Herald Transcript May 24 2022, 10:58 AM Herald added a subscriber: llvm-commits . · View Herald Transcript aeubanks added reviewers: Restricted Project , rnk . May 24 2022, 10:58 AM Harbormaster completed remote builds in B166089: Diff 431727 . May 24 2022, 11:59 AM dblaikie added a subscriber: dblaikie . May 24 2022, 3:31 PM Comment Actions If you want to add any of the history, looks like this is my first email proposing the direction: https://lists.llvm.org/pipermail/llvm-dev/2015-February/081822.html aeubanks updated this revision to Diff 432024 . May 25 2022, 9:25 AM Comment Actions reference post from 2015 Harbormaster completed remote builds in B166292: Diff 432024 . May 25 2022, 9:59 AM rnk added inline comments. May 25 2022, 11:59 AM llvm/docs/OpaquePointers.rst 51–101 I believe I provided this wording suggestion, but I think it needs work. I did a bit of digging, and if you go back to the original 2003 publication , it was explicit that the types were included with the intention that they would support optimization: "The architecture that we propose is based on a new language-independent low-level code representation that preserves important type information from the source code. ... However, the linktime optimizer can only perform meaningful optimizations on the program if it has enough high-level information about the program to prove that aggressive optimizations are safe. Because of this, the lowlevel code representation is typed (using a languageindependent constructive type system) and directly exposes information about structure and array accesses to the optimizer. ...." Originally, LLVM was a research project with a goal of enabling fancy optimizations (see the DSA paper ). As LLVM evolved into a production compiler, the community started to realize that the LLVM struct type system, or at least the way llvm-gcc used it, couldn't really be used as a sound basis for alias analysis. The DSA alias analysis was removed from LLVM in 2006. So with that in mind, here's a wording suggestion: LLVM's type system was originally designed to support high-level optimization. However, years of LLVM implementation experience have demonstrated that the current pointee type system design does not effectively support optimization. Memory optimization algorithms, such as SROA, GVN, and AA, generally need to look through LLVM's struct types and reason about the underlying memory offsets. The community realized that pointee types are hindering LLVM development, rather than helping it. Pointee types provide some value to frontends because the IR verifier uses types to detect straightforward type confusion bugs. However, frontends also have to deal with the complexity of inserting bitcasts everywhere that they might be required. The current community consensus is that the costs of pointee types outweight the benefits, and that they should be removed. aeubanks updated this revision to Diff 437388 . Jun 15 2022, 4:04 PM Comment Actions update rnk accepted this revision. Jun 15 2022, 4:21 PM rnk added a subscriber: nikic . Comment Actions + @nikic This revision is now accepted and ready to land. Jun 15 2022, 4:21 PM Harbormaster completed remote builds in B170146: Diff 437388 . Jun 15 2022, 5:40 PM nikic accepted this revision. Jun 16 2022, 12:41 AM Comment Actions Not familiar with the historical context, but looks fine to me :) This revision was landed with ongoing or failed builds. Jun 16 2022, 10:17 AM Closed by commit rG47bfc365fc84: [docs][OpaquePtr] Add detail to motivations behind opaque pointers (authored by aeubanks ). · Explain Why This revision was automatically updated to reflect the committed changes. aeubanks added a commit: rG47bfc365fc84: [docs][OpaquePtr] Add detail to motivations behind opaque pointers . foad added a subscriber: foad . Jun 17 2022, 2:40 AM foad added inline comments. llvm/docs/OpaquePointers.rst 55 "hindrance" Revision Contents Files History Commits Path Size llvm/ docs/ OpaquePointers.rst 100 lines Diff ID Base Description Created Lint Unit Base Base Diff 1 431727 96bbe1b May 24 2022, 10:58 AM ★ ★ Diff 2 432024 96bbe1b reference post from 2015 May 25 2022, 9:25 AM ★ ★ Diff 3 437388 bab0910 update Jun 15 2022, 4:04 PM ★ ★ Diff 4 437592 b67984d rG47bfc365fc84128a7d060ad386fabbde5dc90921 Jun 16 2022, 10:17 AM ★ ★ Diff 437592 llvm/docs/OpaquePointers.rst =============== =============== Opaque Pointers Opaque Pointers =============== =============== The Opaque Pointer Type The Opaque Pointer Type ======================= ======================= Traditionally, LLVM IR pointer types have contained a pointee type. For example, Traditionally, LLVM IR pointer types have contained a pointee type. For example, ``i32`` is a pointer that points to an ``i32`` somewhere in memory. However, ``i32`` is a pointer that points to an ``i32`` somewhere in memory. However, due to a lack of pointee type semantics and various issues with having pointee due to a lack of pointee type semantics and various issues with having pointee types, there is a desire to remove pointee types from pointers. types, there is a desire to remove pointee types from pointers. The opaque pointer type project aims to replace all pointer types containing The opaque pointer type project aims to replace all pointer types containing pointee types in LLVM with an opaque pointer type. The new pointer type is pointee types in LLVM with an opaque pointer type. The new pointer type is tentatively represented textually as ``ptr`` . represented textually as ``ptr`` . Some instructions still need to know what type to treat the memory pointed to by the pointer as. For example, a load needs to know how many bytes to load from memory and what type to treat the resulting value as. In these cases, instructions themselves contain a type argument. For example the load instruction from older versions of LLVM .. code-block :: llvm load i64 * %p becomes .. code-block :: llvm load i64 , ptr %p Address spaces are still used to distinguish between different kinds of pointers Address spaces are still used to distinguish between different kinds of pointers where the distinction is relevant for lowering (e.g. data vs function pointers where the distinction is relevant for lowering (e.g. data vs function pointers have different sizes on some architectures). Opaque pointers are not changing have different sizes on some architectures). Opaque pointers are not changing anything related to address spaces and lowering. For more information, see anything related to address spaces and lowering. For more information, see `DataLayout <LangRef.html#langref-datalayout> `_ . Opaque pointers in non-default `DataLayout <LangRef.html#langref-datalayout> `_ . Opaque pointers in non-default address space are spelled ``ptr addrspace(N)`` . address space are spelled ``ptr addrspace(N)`` . This was proposed all the way back in `2015 <https://lists.llvm.org/pipermail/llvm-dev/2015-February/081822.html> `_ . Issues with explicit pointee types Issues with explicit pointee types ================================== ================================== LLVM IR pointers can be cast back and forth between pointers with different LLVM IR pointers can be cast back and forth between pointers with different pointee types. The pointee type does not necessarily represent the actual pointee types. The pointee type does not necessarily represent the actual underlying type in memory. In other words, the pointee type carries no real underlying type in memory. In other words, the pointee type carries no real semantics. semantics. Lots of operations do not actu ally care about the underly ing type . These Historic ally LLVM was some sort of type-safe subset of C. Hav ing pointee type s operations, typically intrinsics, usually end up taking an ``i8`` . This causes provided an extra layer of checks to make sure that the Clang frontend matched lots of redundant no-op bitcasts in the IR to and from a pointer with a its frontend values/operations with the corresponding LLVM IR. However, as other different pointee type. The extra bitcasts take up space and require extra work languages like C++ adopted LLVM, the community realized that pointee types were to look through in optimizations. And more bitcasts increase th e ch ances of more of a hinderance for LLVM development and that the extra typ e ch ecking with foad Unsubmitted Not Done Reply Inline Actions "hindrance" foad: "hindrance" incorrect bitcasts, especially in regards to address spaces . some frontends wasn't worth it . Some instructions still need to know what type to treat the memory pointed to by LLVM's type system was `originally designed the pointer as. For example, a load needs to know how many bytes to load from <https://llvm.org/pubs/2003-05-01-GCCSummit2003.html> ` to support high-level memory. In these cases, instruc tion s themselves contain a type argument. For optimization. However, years of LLVM implementa tion experience have demonstrated example the load instruction from older versions of LLVM that the pointee type system design does not effectively support optimization. Memory optimization algorithms, such as SROA, GVN, and AA, .. code-block :: llvm generally need to look through LLVM's struct types and reason about the underlying memory offsets. The community realized that pointee types hinder LLVM load i64 %p development, rather than helping it. Some of the initially proposed high-level optimizations have evolved into `TBAA becomes <https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#tbaa-metadata> ` due to limitations with representing higher-level language information directly via SSA values. .. code-block :: llvm Pointee types provide some value to frontends because the IR verifier uses types load i64 , ptr %p to detect straightforward type confusion bugs. However, frontends also have to deal with the complexity of inserting bitcasts everywhere that they might be A nice analogous transition that happened earlier in LLVM is inte ger signedness. required. The community consensus is that the costs of po inte e types There is no distinction between signed and unsigned integer types, rather the outweight the benefits, and that they should be removed. integer operations themselves contain what to treat the integer as. Initially, LLVM IR distinguished between unsigned and signed integer type s . The transition Many operations do not actually care about the underlying type. The se from manifesting signedness in typ es to instructions happened early on in LLVM's operations, typ ically intrinsics, usually end up taking an arbitrary pointer life to the betterment of LLVM IR. type ``i8*`` and sometimes a size. This causes lots of redundant no-op bitcasts in the IR to and from a pointer with a different pointee type. No-op bitcasts take up memory/disk space and also take up compile time to look through. However, perhaps the biggest issue is the code complexity required to deal with bitcasts. When looking up through def-use chains for pointers it's easy to forget to call `Value::stripPointerCasts()` to find the true underlying pointer obfuscated by bitcasts. And when looking down through def-use chains passes need to iterate through bitcasts to handle uses. Removing no-op pointer bitcasts prevents a category of missed optimizations and makes writing LLVM passes a little bit easier. Fewer no-op pointer bitcasts also reduces the chances of incorrect bitcasts in regards to address spaces. People maintaining backends that care a lot about address spaces have complained that frontends like Clang often incorrectly bitcast pointers, losing address space information. An analogous transition that happened earlier in LLVM is integer signedness. Currently there is no distinction between signed and unsigned integer types, but rather each integer operation (e.g. add) contains flags to signal how to treat the integer. Previously LLVM IR distinguished between unsigned and signed integer types and ran into similar issues of no-op casts. The transition from manifesting signedness in types to instructions happened early on in LLVM's timeline to make LLVM easier to work with. rnk Unsubmitted Not Done Reply Inline Actions I believe I provided this wording suggestion, but I think it needs work. I did a bit of digging, and if you go back to the original 2003 publication , it was explicit that the types were included with the intention that they would support optimization: "The architecture that we propose is based on a new language-independent low-level code representation that preserves important type information from the source code. ... However, the linktime optimizer can only perform meaningful optimizations on the program if it has enough high-level information about the program to prove that aggressive optimizations are safe. Because of this, the lowlevel code representation is typed (using a languageindependent constructive type system) and directly exposes information about structure and array accesses to the optimizer. ...." Originally, LLVM was a research project with a goal of enabling fancy optimizations (see the DSA paper ). As LLVM evolved into a production compiler, the community started to realize that the LLVM struct type system, or at least the way llvm-gcc used it, couldn't really be used as a sound basis for alias analysis. The DSA alias analysis was removed from LLVM in 2006. So with that in mind, here's a wording suggestion: LLVM's type system was originally designed to support high-level optimization. However, years of LLVM implementation experience have demonstrated that the current pointee type system design does not effectively support optimization. Memory optimization algorithms, such as SROA, GVN, and AA, generally need to look through LLVM's struct types and reason about the underlying memory offsets. The community realized that pointee types are hindering LLVM development, rather than helping it. Pointee types provide some value to frontends because the IR verifier uses types to detect straightforward type confusion bugs. However, frontends also have to deal with the complexity of inserting bitcasts everywhere that they might be required. The current community consensus is that the costs of pointee types outweight the benefits, and that they should be removed. rnk: I believe I provided this wording suggestion, but I think it needs work. I did a bit of… Opaque Pointers Mode Opaque Pointers Mode ==================== ==================== During the transition phase, LLVM can be used in two modes: In typed pointer During the transition phase, LLVM can be used in two modes: In typed pointer mode all pointer types have a pointee type and opaque pointers cannot be used. mode all pointer types have a pointee type and opaque pointers cannot be used. In opaque pointers mode (the default), all pointers are opaque. The opaque In opaque pointers mode (the default), all pointers are opaque. The opaque pointer mode can be disabled using ``-opaque-pointers=0`` in pointer mode can be disabled using ``-opaque-pointers=0`` in ▲ Show 20 Lines • Show All 166 Lines • Show Last 20 Lines	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/crc32	PHP: crc32 - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box crypt » « count_chars PHP Manual Function Reference Text Processing Strings String Functions Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other crc32 (PHP 4 >= 4.0.1, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) crc32 — Calculates the crc32 polynomial of a string Description crc32 ( string $string ): int Generates the cyclic redundancy checksum polynomial of 32-bit lengths of the string . This is usually used to validate the integrity of data being transmitted. Warning Because PHP's integer type is signed many crc32 checksums will result in negative integers on 32bit platforms. On 64bit installations all crc32() results will be positive integers though. So you need to use the "%u" formatter of sprintf() or printf() to get the string representation of the unsigned crc32() checksum in decimal format. For a hexadecimal representation of the checksum you can either use the "%x" formatter of sprintf() or printf() or the dechex() conversion functions, both of these also take care of converting the crc32() result to an unsigned integer. Having 64bit installations also return negative integers for higher result values was considered but would break the hexadecimal conversion as negatives would get an extra 0xFFFFFFFF######## offset then. As hexadecimal representation seems to be the most common use case we decided to not break this even if it breaks direct decimal comparisons in about 50% of the cases when moving from 32 to 64bits. In retrospect having the function return an integer maybe wasn't the best idea and returning a hex string representation right away (as e.g. md5() does) might have been a better plan to begin with. For a more portable solution you may also consider the generic hash() . hash("crc32b", $str) will return the same string as str_pad(dechex(crc32($str)), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT) . Parameters string The data. Return Values Returns the crc32 checksum of string as an integer. Examples Example #1 Displaying a crc32 checksum This example shows how to print a converted checksum with the printf() function: <?php $checksum = crc32 ( "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog." ); printf ( "%u\n" , $checksum ); ?> See Also hash() - Generate a hash value (message digest) md5() - Calculate the md5 hash of a string sha1() - Calculate the sha1 hash of a string Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes 22 notes up down 24 jian at theorchard dot com ¶ 15 years ago This function returns an unsigned integer from a 64-bit Linux platform. It does return the signed integer from other 32-bit platforms even a 64-bit Windows one. The reason is because the two constants PHP_INT_SIZE and PHP_INT_MAX have different values on the 64-bit Linux platform. I've created a work-around function to handle this situation. <?php function get_signed_int ( $in ) { $int_max = pow ( 2 , 31 )- 1 ; if ( $in > $int_max ){ $out = $in - $int_max * 2 - 2 ; } else { $out = $in ; } return $out ; } ?> Hope this helps. up down 12 i at morfi dot ru ¶ 12 years ago Implementation crc64() in php 64bit <?php /** * @return array / function crc64Table () { $crc64tab = []; // ECMA polynomial $poly64rev = ( 0xC96C5795 << 32 ) \| 0xD7870F42 ; // ISO polynomial // $poly64rev = (0xD8 << 56); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { for ( $part = $i , $bit = 0 ; $bit < 8 ; $bit ++) { if ( $part & 1 ) { $part = (( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 )) ^ $poly64rev ; } else { $part = ( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 ); } } $crc64tab [ $i ] = $part ; } return $crc64tab ; } /* * @param string $string * @param string $format * @return mixed * * Formats: * crc64('php'); // afe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%x'); // 0xafe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%X'); // 0xAFE4E823E7CEF190 * crc64('php', '%d'); // -5772233581471534704 signed int * crc64('php', '%u'); // 12674510492238016912 unsigned int / function crc64 ( $string , $format = '%x' ) { static $crc64tab ; if ( $crc64tab === null ) { $crc64tab = crc64Table (); } $crc = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $string ); $i ++) { $crc = $crc64tab [( $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $i ])) & 0xff ] ^ (( $crc >> 8 ) & ~( 0xff << 56 )); } return sprintf ( $format , $crc ); } up down 10 JS at JavsSys dot Org ¶ 12 years ago The khash() function by sukitsupaluk has two problems, it does not use all 62 characters from the $map set and when corrected it then produces different results on 64-bit compared to 32-bit PHP systems. Here is my modified version : <?php /* * Small sample convert crc32 to character map * Based upon http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.crc32.php#105703 * (Modified to now use all characters from $map) * (Modified to be 32-bit PHP safe) / function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = bcadd ( sprintf ( '%u' , crc32 ( $data )) , 0x100000000 ); $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ bcmod ( $hash , 62 ) ] . $str ; $hash = bcdiv ( $hash , 62 ); } while ( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $test = array( null , true , false , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" , "248840027" , "1365848013" , // time() "9223372035488927794" , // PHP_INT_MAX-time() "901131979" , // mt_rand() "Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" // gmdate('r') ); $out = array(); foreach ( $test as $s ) { $out [] = khash ( $s ) . ": " . $s ; } print "<h3>khash() -- maps a crc32 result into a (62-character) result</h3>" ; print '<pre>' ; var_dump ( $out ); print "\n\n\$GLOBALS['raw_crc32']:\n" ; var_dump ( $GLOBALS [ 'raw_crc32' ]); print '</pre><hr>' ; flush (); $pefile = __FILE__ ; print "<h3> $pefile </h3>" ; ob_end_flush (); flush (); highlight_file ( $pefile ); print "<hr>" ; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- / CURRENT output array(19) { [0]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [1]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [2]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [3]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [4]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [5]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [6]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [7]=> string(9) "5b8iNn: 2" [8]=> string(9) "6HmfFN: 3" [9]=> string(10) "7ADPD7: ab" [10]=> string(11) "5F0aUq: abc" [11]=> string(12) "92kWw9: abcd" [12]=> string(13) "78hcpf: abcde" [13]=> string(16) "9eBVPB: abcdefoo" [14]=> string(17) "5TjOuZ: 248840027" [15]=> string(18) "5eNliI: 1365848013" [16]=> string(27) "4Q00e5: 9223372035488927794" [17]=> string(17) "6DUX8V: 901131979" [18]=> string(39) "5i2aOW: Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" } / //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?> up down 10 Bulk at bulksplace dot com ¶ 20 years ago A faster way I've found to return CRC values of larger files, is instead of using the file()/implode() method used below, is to us file_get_contents() (PHP 4 >= 4.3.0) which uses memory mapping techniques if supported by your OS to enhance performance. Here's my example function: <?php // $file is the path to the file you want to check. function file_crc ( $file ) { $file_string = file_get_contents ( $file ); $crc = crc32 ( $file_string ); return sprintf ( "%u" , $crc ); } $file_to_crc = / home / path / to / file . jpg ; echo file_crc ( $file_to_crc ); // Outputs CRC value for given file. ?> I've found in testing this method is MUCH faster for larger binary files. up down 8 slimshady451 ¶ 18 years ago I see a lot of function for crc32_file, but for php version >= 5.1.2 don't forget you can use this : <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { return hash_file ( 'CRC32' , $filename , FALSE ); } ?> Using crc32(file_get_contents($filename)) will use too many memory on big file so don't use it. up down 6 same ¶ 21 years ago bit by bit crc32 computation <?php function bitbybit_crc32 ( $str , $first_call = false ){ //reflection in 32 bits of crc32 polynomial 0x04C11DB7 $poly_reflected = 0xEDB88320 ; //=0xFFFFFFFF; //keep track of register value after each call static $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; //initialize register on first call if( $first_call ) $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; $n = strlen ( $str ); $zeros = $n < 4 ? $n : 4 ; //xor first $zeros=min(4,strlen($str)) bytes into the register for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros ; $i ++) $reg ^= ord ( $str { $i })<< $i 8 ; //now for the rest of the string for( $i = 4 ; $i < $n ; $i ++){ $next_char = ord ( $str { $i }); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) $reg =(( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )\|( $next_char >> $j & 1 )<< 0x1F ) ^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; } //put in enough zeros at the end for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros * 8 ; $i ++) $reg =( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; //xor the register with 0xFFFFFFFF return ~ $reg ; } $str = "123456789" ; //whatever $blocksize = 4 ; //whatever for( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $str ); $i += $blocksize ) $crc = bitbybit_crc32 ( substr ( $str , $i , $blocksize ),! $i ); ?> up down 5 dave at jufer dot info ¶ 18 years ago This function returns the same int value on a 64 bit mc. like the crc32() function on a 32 bit mc. <?php function crcKw ( $num ){ $crc = crc32 ( $num ); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> up down 3 Clifford dot ct at gmail dot com ¶ 13 years ago The crc32() function can return a signed integer in certain environments. Assuming that it will always return an unsigned integer is not portable. Depending on your desired behavior, you should probably use sprintf() on the result or the generic hash() instead. Also note that integer arithmetic operators do not have the precision to work correctly with the integer output. up down 3 alban dot lopez+php [ at ] gmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago I made this code to verify Transmition with Vantage Pro2 ( weather station ) based on CRC16-CCITT standard. <?php // CRC16-CCITT validator $crc_table = array( 0x0 , 0x1021 , 0x2042 , 0x3063 , 0x4084 , 0x50a5 , 0x60c6 , 0x70e7 , 0x8108 , 0x9129 , 0xa14a , 0xb16b , 0xc18c , 0xd1ad , 0xe1ce , 0xf1ef , 0x1231 , 0x210 , 0x3273 , 0x2252 , 0x52b5 , 0x4294 , 0x72f7 , 0x62d6 , 0x9339 , 0x8318 , 0xb37b , 0xa35a , 0xd3bd , 0xc39c , 0xf3ff , 0xe3de , 0x2462 , 0x3443 , 0x420 , 0x1401 , 0x64e6 , 0x74c7 , 0x44a4 , 0x5485 , 0xa56a , 0xb54b , 0x8528 , 0x9509 , 0xe5ee , 0xf5cf , 0xc5ac , 0xd58d , 0x3653 , 0x2672 , 0x1611 , 0x630 , 0x76d7 , 0x66f6 , 0x5695 , 0x46b4 , 0xb75b , 0xa77a , 0x9719 , 0x8738 , 0xf7df , 0xe7fe , 0xd79d , 0xc7bc , 0x48c4 , 0x58e5 , 0x6886 , 0x78a7 , 0x840 , 0x1861 , 0x2802 , 0x3823 , 0xc9cc , 0xd9ed , 0xe98e , 0xf9af , 0x8948 , 0x9969 , 0xa90a , 0xb92b , 0x5af5 , 0x4ad4 , 0x7ab7 , 0x6a96 , 0x1a71 , 0xa50 , 0x3a33 , 0x2a12 , 0xdbfd , 0xcbdc , 0xfbbf , 0xeb9e , 0x9b79 , 0x8b58 , 0xbb3b , 0xab1a , 0x6ca6 , 0x7c87 , 0x4ce4 , 0x5cc5 , 0x2c22 , 0x3c03 , 0xc60 , 0x1c41 , 0xedae , 0xfd8f , 0xcdec , 0xddcd , 0xad2a , 0xbd0b , 0x8d68 , 0x9d49 , 0x7e97 , 0x6eb6 , 0x5ed5 , 0x4ef4 , 0x3e13 , 0x2e32 , 0x1e51 , 0xe70 , 0xff9f , 0xefbe , 0xdfdd , 0xcffc , 0xbf1b , 0xaf3a , 0x9f59 , 0x8f78 , 0x9188 , 0x81a9 , 0xb1ca , 0xa1eb , 0xd10c , 0xc12d , 0xf14e , 0xe16f , 0x1080 , 0xa1 , 0x30c2 , 0x20e3 , 0x5004 , 0x4025 , 0x7046 , 0x6067 , 0x83b9 , 0x9398 , 0xa3fb , 0xb3da , 0xc33d , 0xd31c , 0xe37f , 0xf35e , 0x2b1 , 0x1290 , 0x22f3 , 0x32d2 , 0x4235 , 0x5214 , 0x6277 , 0x7256 , 0xb5ea , 0xa5cb , 0x95a8 , 0x8589 , 0xf56e , 0xe54f , 0xd52c , 0xc50d , 0x34e2 , 0x24c3 , 0x14a0 , 0x481 , 0x7466 , 0x6447 , 0x5424 , 0x4405 , 0xa7db , 0xb7fa , 0x8799 , 0x97b8 , 0xe75f , 0xf77e , 0xc71d , 0xd73c , 0x26d3 , 0x36f2 , 0x691 , 0x16b0 , 0x6657 , 0x7676 , 0x4615 , 0x5634 , 0xd94c , 0xc96d , 0xf90e , 0xe92f , 0x99c8 , 0x89e9 , 0xb98a , 0xa9ab , 0x5844 , 0x4865 , 0x7806 , 0x6827 , 0x18c0 , 0x8e1 , 0x3882 , 0x28a3 , 0xcb7d , 0xdb5c , 0xeb3f , 0xfb1e , 0x8bf9 , 0x9bd8 , 0xabbb , 0xbb9a , 0x4a75 , 0x5a54 , 0x6a37 , 0x7a16 , 0xaf1 , 0x1ad0 , 0x2ab3 , 0x3a92 , 0xfd2e , 0xed0f , 0xdd6c , 0xcd4d , 0xbdaa , 0xad8b , 0x9de8 , 0x8dc9 , 0x7c26 , 0x6c07 , 0x5c64 , 0x4c45 , 0x3ca2 , 0x2c83 , 0x1ce0 , 0xcc1 , 0xef1f , 0xff3e , 0xcf5d , 0xdf7c , 0xaf9b , 0xbfba , 0x8fd9 , 0x9ff8 , 0x6e17 , 0x7e36 , 0x4e55 , 0x5e74 , 0x2e93 , 0x3eb2 , 0xed1 , 0x1ef0 ); $test = chr ( 0xC6 ). chr ( 0xCE ). chr ( 0xA2 ). chr ( 0x03 ); // CRC16-CCITT = 0xE2B4 genCRC ( $test ); function genCRC (& $ptr ) { $crc = 0x0000 ; $crc_table = $GLOBALS [ 'crc_table' ]; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $ptr ); $i ++) $crc = $crc_table [(( $crc >> 8 ) ^ ord ( $ptr [ $i ]))] ^ (( $crc << 8 ) & 0x00FFFF ); return $crc ; } ?> up down 4 roberto at spadim dot com dot br ¶ 19 years ago MODBUS RTU, CRC16, input-> modbus rtu string output -> 2bytes string, in correct modbus order <?php function crc16 ( $string , $length = 0 ){ $auchCRCHi =array( 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 ); $auchCRCLo =array( 0x00 , 0xC0 , 0xC1 , 0x01 , 0xC3 , 0x03 , 0x02 , 0xC2 , 0xC6 , 0x06 , 0x07 , 0xC7 , 0x05 , 0xC5 , 0xC4 , 0x04 , 0xCC , 0x0C , 0x0D , 0xCD , 0x0F , 0xCF , 0xCE , 0x0E , 0x0A , 0xCA , 0xCB , 0x0B , 0xC9 , 0x09 , 0x08 , 0xC8 , 0xD8 , 0x18 , 0x19 , 0xD9 , 0x1B , 0xDB , 0xDA , 0x1A , 0x1E , 0xDE , 0xDF , 0x1F , 0xDD , 0x1D , 0x1C , 0xDC , 0x14 , 0xD4 , 0xD5 , 0x15 , 0xD7 , 0x17 , 0x16 , 0xD6 , 0xD2 , 0x12 , 0x13 , 0xD3 , 0x11 , 0xD1 , 0xD0 , 0x10 , 0xF0 , 0x30 , 0x31 , 0xF1 , 0x33 , 0xF3 , 0xF2 , 0x32 , 0x36 , 0xF6 , 0xF7 , 0x37 , 0xF5 , 0x35 , 0x34 , 0xF4 , 0x3C , 0xFC , 0xFD , 0x3D , 0xFF , 0x3F , 0x3E , 0xFE , 0xFA , 0x3A , 0x3B , 0xFB , 0x39 , 0xF9 , 0xF8 , 0x38 , 0x28 , 0xE8 , 0xE9 , 0x29 , 0xEB , 0x2B , 0x2A , 0xEA , 0xEE , 0x2E , 0x2F , 0xEF , 0x2D , 0xED , 0xEC , 0x2C , 0xE4 , 0x24 , 0x25 , 0xE5 , 0x27 , 0xE7 , 0xE6 , 0x26 , 0x22 , 0xE2 , 0xE3 , 0x23 , 0xE1 , 0x21 , 0x20 , 0xE0 , 0xA0 , 0x60 , 0x61 , 0xA1 , 0x63 , 0xA3 , 0xA2 , 0x62 , 0x66 , 0xA6 , 0xA7 , 0x67 , 0xA5 , 0x65 , 0x64 , 0xA4 , 0x6C , 0xAC , 0xAD , 0x6D , 0xAF , 0x6F , 0x6E , 0xAE , 0xAA , 0x6A , 0x6B , 0xAB , 0x69 , 0xA9 , 0xA8 , 0x68 , 0x78 , 0xB8 , 0xB9 , 0x79 , 0xBB , 0x7B , 0x7A , 0xBA , 0xBE , 0x7E , 0x7F , 0xBF , 0x7D , 0xBD , 0xBC , 0x7C , 0xB4 , 0x74 , 0x75 , 0xB5 , 0x77 , 0xB7 , 0xB6 , 0x76 , 0x72 , 0xB2 , 0xB3 , 0x73 , 0xB1 , 0x71 , 0x70 , 0xB0 , 0x50 , 0x90 , 0x91 , 0x51 , 0x93 , 0x53 , 0x52 , 0x92 , 0x96 , 0x56 , 0x57 , 0x97 , 0x55 , 0x95 , 0x94 , 0x54 , 0x9C , 0x5C , 0x5D , 0x9D , 0x5F , 0x9F , 0x9E , 0x5E , 0x5A , 0x9A , 0x9B , 0x5B , 0x99 , 0x59 , 0x58 , 0x98 , 0x88 , 0x48 , 0x49 , 0x89 , 0x4B , 0x8B , 0x8A , 0x4A , 0x4E , 0x8E , 0x8F , 0x4F , 0x8D , 0x4D , 0x4C , 0x8C , 0x44 , 0x84 , 0x85 , 0x45 , 0x87 , 0x47 , 0x46 , 0x86 , 0x82 , 0x42 , 0x43 , 0x83 , 0x41 , 0x81 , 0x80 , 0x40 ); $length =( $length <= 0 ? strlen ( $string ): $length ); $uchCRCHi = 0xFF ; $uchCRCLo = 0xFF ; $uIndex = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $length ; $i ++){ $uIndex = $uchCRCLo ^ ord ( substr ( $string , $i , 1 )); $uchCRCLo = $uchCRCHi ^ $auchCRCHi [ $uIndex ]; $uchCRCHi = $auchCRCLo [ $uIndex ] ; } return( chr ( $uchCRCLo ). chr ( $uchCRCHi )); } ?> up down 2 arachnid at notdot dot net ¶ 21 years ago Note that the CRC32 algorithm should NOT be used for cryptographic purposes, or in situations where a hostile/untrusted user is involved, as it is far too easy to generate a hash collision for CRC32 (two different binary strings that have the same CRC32 hash). Instead consider SHA-1 or MD5. up down 2 sukitsupaluk at hotmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago small sample convert crc32 to character map <?php function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = crc32 ( $data )+ 0x100000000 ; $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ 31 + ( $hash % 31 )] . $str ; $hash /= 31 ; } while( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } $test = array( null , TRUE , FALSE , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" ); $out = array(); foreach( $test as $s ) { $out []= khash ( $s ). ": " . $s ; } var_dump ( $out ); /* output: array 0 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 1 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 2 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 3 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 4 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 5 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 6 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 7 => string 'AFSzIAO: 2' (length=10) 8 => string 'BXGSvQJ: 3' (length=10) 9 => string 'xZWOQSu: ab' (length=11) 10 => string 'AVAwHOR: abc' (length=12) 11 => string 'zKASNE1: abcd' (length=13) 12 => string 'xLCTOV7: abcde' (length=14) 13 => string 'zQLzKMt: abcdefoo' (length=17) / ?> up down 1 chernyshevsky at hotmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago The crc32_combine() function provided by petteri at qred dot fi has a bug that causes an infinite loop, a shift operation on a 32-bit signed int might never reach zero. Replacing the function gf2_matrix_times() with the following seems to fix it: <?php function gf2_matrix_times ( $mat , $vec ) { $sum = 0 ; $i = 0 ; while ( $vec ) { if ( $vec & 1 ) { $sum ^= $mat [ $i ]; } $vec = ( $vec >> 1 ) & 0x7FFFFFFF ; $i ++; } return $sum ; } ?> Otherwise, it's probably the best solution if you can't use hash_file(). Using a 1meg read buffer, the function only takes twice as long to process a 300meg files than hash_file() in my test. up down 1 berna (at) gensis (dot) com (dot) br ¶ 16 years ago For those who want a more familiar return value for the function: <?php function strcrc32 ( $text ) { $crc = crc32 ( $text ); if ( $crc & 0x80000000 ) { $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> And to show the result in Hex string: <?php function int32_to_hex ( $value ) { $value &= 0xffffffff ; return str_pad ( strtoupper ( dechex ( $value )), 8 , "0" , STR_PAD_LEFT ); } ?> up down 1 arris at zsolttech dot com ¶ 14 years ago not found anywhere crc64 based on http://bioinfadmin.cs.ucl.ac.uk/downloads/crc64/crc64.c . (use gmp module) <?php / OLDCRC / define ( 'POLY64REV' , "d800000000000000" ); define ( 'INITIALCRC' , "0000000000000000" ); define ( 'TABLELEN' , 256 ); / NEWCRC / // define('POLY64REV', "95AC9329AC4BC9B5"); // define('INITIALCRC', "FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF"); if( function_exists ( 'gmp_init' )){ class CRC64 { private static $CRCTable = array(); public static function encode ( $seq ){ $crc = gmp_init ( INITIALCRC , 16 ); $init = FALSE ; $poly64rev = gmp_init ( POLY64REV , 16 ); if (! $init ) { $init = TRUE ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < TABLELEN ; $i ++) { $part = gmp_init ( $i , 10 ); for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( gmp_strval ( gmp_and ( $part , "0x1" )) != "0" ){ // if (gmp_testbit($part, 1)){ / PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, untested / $part = gmp_xor ( gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ), $poly64rev ); } else { $part = gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ); } } self :: $CRCTable [ $i ] = $part ; } } for( $k = 0 ; $k < strlen ( $seq ); $k ++){ $tmp_gmp_val = gmp_init ( ord ( $seq [ $k ]), 10 ); $tableindex = gmp_xor ( gmp_and ( $crc , "0xff" ), $tmp_gmp_val ); $crc = gmp_div_q ( $crc , "256" ); $crc = gmp_xor ( $crc , self :: $CRCTable [ gmp_strval ( $tableindex , 10 )]); } $res = gmp_strval ( $crc , 16 ); return $res ; } } } else { die( "Please install php-gmp package!!!" ); } ?> up down 1 quix at free dot fr ¶ 22 years ago I needed the crc32 of a file that was pretty large, so I didn't want to read it into memory. So I made this: <?php $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ]=array(); // Lookup table array __crc32_init_table (); function __crc32_init_table () { // Builds lookup table array // This is the official polynomial used by // CRC-32 in PKZip, WinZip and Ethernet. $polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; // 256 values representing ASCII character codes. for( $i = 0 ; $i <= 0xFF ;++ $i ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=( __crc32_reflect ( $i , 8 ) << 24 ); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ;++ $j ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=(( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] << 1 ) ^ (( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] & ( 1 << 31 ))? $polynomial : 0 )); } $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] = __crc32_reflect ( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ], 32 ); } } function __crc32_reflect ( $ref , $ch ) { // Reflects CRC bits in the lookup table $value = 0 ; // Swap bit 0 for bit 7, bit 1 for bit 6, etc. for( $i = 1 ; $i <( $ch + 1 );++ $i ) { if( $ref & 1 ) $value \|= ( 1 << ( $ch - $i )); $ref = (( $ref >> 1 ) & 0x7fffffff ); } return $value ; } function __crc32_string ( $text ) { // Creates a CRC from a text string // Once the lookup table has been filled in by the two functions above, // this function creates all CRCs using only the lookup table. // You need unsigned variables because negative values // introduce high bits where zero bits are required. // PHP doesn't have unsigned integers: // I've solved this problem by doing a '&' after a '>>'. // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; $len = strlen ( $text ); // Perform the algorithm on each character in the string, // using the lookup table values. for( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ;++ $i ) { $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $text { $i })]; } // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } function __crc32_file ( $name ) { // Creates a CRC from a file // Info: look at __crc32_string // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; if(( $fp = fopen ( $name , 'rb' ))=== false ) return false ; // Perform the algorithm on each character in file for(;;) { $i =@ fread ( $fp , 1 ); if( strlen ( $i )== 0 ) break; $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $i )]; } @ fclose ( $fp ); // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> up down 1 spectrumizer at cycos dot net ¶ 23 years ago Here is a tested and working CRC16-Algorithm: <?php function crc16 ( $string ) { $crc = 0xFFFF ; for ( $x = 0 ; $x < strlen ( $string ); $x ++) { $crc = $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $x ]); for ( $y = 0 ; $y < 8 ; $y ++) { if (( $crc & 0x0001 ) == 0x0001 ) { $crc = (( $crc >> 1 ) ^ 0xA001 ); } else { $crc = $crc >> 1 ; } } } return $crc ; } ?> Regards, Mario up down 1 Ren ¶ 18 years ago Dealing with 32 bit unsigned values overflowing 32 bit php signed values can be done by adding 0x10000000 to any unexpected negative result, rather than using sprintf. $i = crc32('1'); printf("%u\n", $i); if (0 > $i) { // Implicitly casts i as float, and corrects this sign. $i += 0x100000000; } var_dump($i); Outputs: 2212294583 float(2212294583) up down 0 dotg at mail dot ru ¶ 9 years ago crc32() on php 32bit and 64 bit not equal in some values i use abs for result in positive for 32 bit not equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 1 )); ?> 64 bit 2212294583 32 bit 2082672713 equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 3 )); ?> 64 bit 1842515611 32 bit 1842515611 up down 0 toggio at writeme dot com ¶ 9 years ago A faster implementation of modbus CRC16 function crc16($data) { $crc = 0xFFFF; for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($data); $i++) { $crc ^=ord($data[$i]); for ($j = 8; $j !=0; $j--) { if (($crc & 0x0001) !=0) { $crc >>= 1; $crc ^= 0xA001; } else $crc >>= 1; } } return $crc; } up down -1 mail at tristansmis dot nl ¶ 18 years ago I used the abs value of this function on a 32-bit system. When porting the code to a 64-bit system I’ve found that the value is different. The following code has the same outcome on both systems. <?php $crc = abs ( crc32 ( $string )); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; } / Old solution * $crc = abs(crc32($string)) */ ?> up down -2 gabri dot ns at gmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago if you are looking for a fast function to hash a file, take a look at http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.hash-file.php this is crc32 file checker based on a CRC32 guide it have performance at ~ 625 KB/s on my 2.2GHz Turion far slower than hash_file('crc32b','filename.ext') <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { $f = @ fopen ( $filename , 'rb' ); if (! $f ) return false ; static $CRC32Table , $Reflect8Table ; if (!isset( $CRC32Table )) { $Polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; $topBit = 1 << 31 ; for( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { $remainder = $i << 24 ; for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( $remainder & $topBit ) $remainder = ( $remainder << 1 ) ^ $Polynomial ; else $remainder = $remainder << 1 ; } $CRC32Table [ $i ] = $remainder ; if (isset( $Reflect8Table [ $i ])) continue; $str = str_pad ( decbin ( $i ), 8 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $num = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); $Reflect8Table [ $i ] = $num ; $Reflect8Table [ $num ] = $i ; } } $remainder = 0xffffffff ; while ( $data = fread ( $f , 1024 )) { $len = strlen ( $data ); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ; $i ++) { $byte = $Reflect8Table [ ord ( $data [ $i ])]; $index = (( $remainder >> 24 ) & 0xff ) ^ $byte ; $crc = $CRC32Table [ $index ]; $remainder = ( $remainder << 8 ) ^ $crc ; } } $str = decbin ( $remainder ); $str = str_pad ( $str , 32 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $remainder = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); return $remainder ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> <?php $a = microtime (); echo dechex ( crc32_file ( 'filename.ext' )). "\n" ; $b = microtime (); echo array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $b )) - array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $a )). "\n" ; ?> Output: ec7369fe 2.384134054184 (or similiar) ＋ add a note String Functions addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/classNode.html#aa72676f3302576703b6ddd9b3d7ec002	LLVM: Node Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Types \| Public Member Functions \| Protected Attributes \| Friends \| List of all members Node Class Reference abstract #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inherited by FloatLiteralImpl< float > , FloatLiteralImpl< double > , FloatLiteralImpl< long double > , AbiTagAttr , ArraySubscriptExpr , ArrayType , BinaryExpr , BinaryFPType , BitIntType , BoolExpr , BracedExpr , BracedRangeExpr , CallExpr , CastExpr , ClosureTypeName , ConditionalExpr , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl , ConversionExpr , ConversionOperatorType , CtorDtorName , CtorVtableSpecialName , DeleteExpr , DotSuffix , DtorName , DynamicExceptionSpec , ElaboratedTypeSpefType , EnableIfAttr , EnclosingExpr , EnumLiteral , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , ExplicitObjectParameter , ExprRequirement , FloatLiteralImpl< Float > , FoldExpr , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionParam , FunctionType , GlobalQualifiedName , InitListExpr , IntegerLiteral , LambdaExpr , LiteralOperator , LocalName , MemberExpr , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , ModuleName , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , NestedRequirement , NewExpr , NodeArrayNode , NoexceptSpec , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl , ObjCProtoName , ParameterPack , ParameterPackExpansion , PixelVectorType , PointerToMemberConversionExpr , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , PostfixExpr , PostfixQualifiedType , PrefixExpr , QualType , QualifiedName , ReferenceType , RequiresExpr , SizeofParamPackExpr , SpecialName , StringLiteral , StructuredBindingName , SubobjectExpr , SyntheticTemplateParamName , TemplateArgs , TemplateArgumentPack , TemplateParamPackDecl , TemplateParamQualifiedArg , TemplateTemplateParamDecl , ThrowExpr , TransformedType , TypeRequirement , TypeTemplateParamDecl , UnnamedTypeName , VectorType , and VendorExtQualType . Public Types enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Public Member Functions   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node *  getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Protected Attributes Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Friends class  OutputBuffer Detailed Description Definition at line 166 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Member Enumeration Documentation ◆  Cache enum class Node::Cache : uint8_t strong Three-way bool to track a cached value. Unknown is possible if this node has an unexpanded parameter pack below it that may affect this cache. Enumerator Yes  No  Unknown  Definition at line 175 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Kind enum Node::Kind : uint8_t Definition at line 168 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Prec enum class Node::Prec : uint8_t strong Operator precedence for expression nodes. Used to determine required parens in expression emission. Enumerator Primary  Postfix  Unary  Cast  PtrMem  Multiplicative  Additive  Shift  Spaceship  Relational  Equality  And  Xor  Ior  AndIf  OrIf  Conditional  Assign  Comma  Default  Definition at line 179 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  Node() [1/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Prec Precedence_ = Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_ = Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 221 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , FunctionCache , No , Primary , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , ArraySubscriptExpr::ArraySubscriptExpr() , ArrayType::ArrayType() , BinaryExpr::BinaryExpr() , BinaryFPType::BinaryFPType() , BitIntType::BitIntType() , BoolExpr::BoolExpr() , BracedExpr::BracedExpr() , BracedRangeExpr::BracedRangeExpr() , CallExpr::CallExpr() , CastExpr::CastExpr() , ClosureTypeName::ClosureTypeName() , ConditionalExpr::ConditionalExpr() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ConversionExpr::ConversionExpr() , ConversionOperatorType::ConversionOperatorType() , CtorDtorName::CtorDtorName() , CtorVtableSpecialName::CtorVtableSpecialName() , DeleteExpr::DeleteExpr() , DotSuffix::DotSuffix() , DtorName::DtorName() , DynamicExceptionSpec::DynamicExceptionSpec() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::ElaboratedTypeSpefType() , EnableIfAttr::EnableIfAttr() , EnclosingExpr::EnclosingExpr() , EnumLiteral::EnumLiteral() , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution::ExpandedSpecialSubstitution() , ExplicitObjectParameter::ExplicitObjectParameter() , ExprRequirement::ExprRequirement() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::FloatLiteralImpl() , FoldExpr::FoldExpr() , ForwardTemplateReference::ForwardTemplateReference() , FunctionEncoding::FunctionEncoding() , FunctionParam::FunctionParam() , FunctionType::FunctionType() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::getArg() , FunctionEncoding::getAttrs() , VectorType::getBaseType() , ParameterPackExpansion::getChild() , QualType::getChild() , VectorType::getDimension() , FunctionEncoding::getName() , PointerType::getPointee() , FunctionEncoding::getRequires() , FunctionEncoding::getReturnType() , ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , VendorExtQualType::getTA() , VendorExtQualType::getTy() , GlobalQualifiedName::GlobalQualifiedName() , InitListExpr::InitListExpr() , IntegerLiteral::IntegerLiteral() , LambdaExpr::LambdaExpr() , LiteralOperator::LiteralOperator() , LocalName::LocalName() , MemberExpr::MemberExpr() , MemberLikeFriendName::MemberLikeFriendName() , ModuleEntity::ModuleEntity() , ModuleName::ModuleName() , NameType::NameType() , NameWithTemplateArgs::NameWithTemplateArgs() , NestedName::NestedName() , NestedRequirement::NestedRequirement() , NewExpr::NewExpr() , Node() , NodeArrayNode::NodeArrayNode() , NoexceptSpec::NoexceptSpec() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::NonTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , ParameterPackExpansion::ParameterPackExpansion() , PixelVectorType::PixelVectorType() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::PointerToMemberConversionExpr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , PostfixExpr::PostfixExpr() , PostfixQualifiedType::PostfixQualifiedType() , PrefixExpr::PrefixExpr() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::QualifiedName() , QualType::QualType() , ReferenceType::ReferenceType() , RequiresExpr::RequiresExpr() , SizeofParamPackExpr::SizeofParamPackExpr() , SpecialName::SpecialName() , StringLiteral::StringLiteral() , StructuredBindingName::StructuredBindingName() , SubobjectExpr::SubobjectExpr() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::SyntheticTemplateParamName() , TemplateArgs::TemplateArgs() , TemplateArgumentPack::TemplateArgumentPack() , TemplateParamPackDecl::TemplateParamPackDecl() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::TemplateParamQualifiedArg() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::TemplateTemplateParamDecl() , ThrowExpr::ThrowExpr() , TransformedType::TransformedType() , TypeRequirement::TypeRequirement() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::TypeTemplateParamDecl() , UnnamedTypeName::UnnamedTypeName() , VectorType::VectorType() , and VendorExtQualType::VendorExtQualType() . ◆  Node() [2/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Cache RHSComponentCache_ , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 226 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , Node() , and Primary . ◆  ~Node() virtual Node::~Node ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  dump() DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void Node::dump ( ) const References DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD . Referenced by llvm::DAGTypeLegalizer::run() , and llvm::RISCVDAGToDAGISel::Select() . ◆  getArrayCache() Cache Node::getArrayCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 262 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getBaseName() virtual std::string_view Node::getBaseName ( ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in AbiTagAttr , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , GlobalQualifiedName , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , QualifiedName , and SpecialSubstitution . Definition at line 299 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  getFunctionCache() Cache Node::getFunctionCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 263 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getKind() Kind Node::getKind ( ) const inline Definition at line 258 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseCtorDtorName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseNestedName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateArgs() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParam() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseUnscopedName() , NodeArray::printAsString() , and llvm::msgpack::Document::writeToBlob() . ◆  getPrecedence() Prec Node::getPrecedence ( ) const inline Definition at line 260 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by ArraySubscriptExpr::match() , BinaryExpr::match() , CallExpr::match() , CastExpr::match() , ConditionalExpr::match() , ConversionExpr::match() , DeleteExpr::match() , EnclosingExpr::match() , MemberExpr::match() , NewExpr::match() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::match() , PostfixExpr::match() , PrefixExpr::match() , printAsOperand() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , and PrefixExpr::printLeft() . ◆  getRHSComponentCache() Cache Node::getRHSComponentCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 261 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , QualType::QualType() , and ReferenceType::ReferenceType() . ◆  getSyntaxNode() virtual const Node * Node::getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , and ParameterPack . Definition at line 271 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node() , and OutputBuffer . ◆  hasArray() bool Node::hasArray ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 246 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , hasArraySlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasArraySlow() virtual bool Node::hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 266 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasArray() . ◆  hasFunction() bool Node::hasFunction ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 252 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache , hasFunctionSlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasFunctionSlow() virtual bool Node::hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 267 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasFunction() . ◆  hasRHSComponent() bool Node::hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 240 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , RHSComponentCache , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasRHSComponentSlow() virtual bool Node::hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , QualType , and ReferenceType . Definition at line 265 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasRHSComponent() . ◆  print() void Node::print ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 286 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , OutputBuffer , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by llvm::ItaniumPartialDemangler::getFunctionDeclContextName() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< AADepGraph * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< const MachineFunction * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::itaniumDemangle() , printAsOperand() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , and printNode() . ◆  printAsOperand() void Node::printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer & OB , Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse = false  ) const inline Definition at line 275 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Default , getPrecedence() , OutputBuffer , P , and print() . Referenced by llvm::DOTGraphTraits< DOTFuncInfo * >::getBBName() , getSimpleNodeName() , llvm::operator<<() , llvm::VPIRMetadata::print() , and llvm::SimpleNodeLabelString() . ◆  printInitListAsType() virtual bool Node::printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer & , const NodeArray &  ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType . Definition at line 295 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . ◆  visit() template<typename Fn> void Node::visit ( Fn F ) const Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. Visit the node. Calls F(P) , where P is the node cast to the appropriate derived class. Definition at line 2639 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , and F . Friends And Related Symbol Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer friend class OutputBuffer friend Definition at line 309 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , hasArray() , ArrayType::hasArraySlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasArraySlow() , hasArraySlow() , ParameterPack::hasArraySlow() , QualType::hasArraySlow() , hasFunction() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasFunctionSlow() , ParameterPack::hasFunctionSlow() , QualType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasRHSComponent() , ArrayType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , hasRHSComponentSlow() , ParameterPack::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerToMemberType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , QualType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ReferenceType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , print() , printAsOperand() , ClosureTypeName::printDeclarator() , ArrayType::printInitListAsType() , printInitListAsType() , AbiTagAttr::printLeft() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , ArrayType::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , BinaryFPType::printLeft() , BitIntType::printLeft() , BoolExpr::printLeft() , BracedExpr::printLeft() , BracedRangeExpr::printLeft() , CallExpr::printLeft() , CastExpr::printLeft() , ClosureTypeName::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ConversionExpr::printLeft() , ConversionOperatorType::printLeft() , CtorDtorName::printLeft() , CtorVtableSpecialName::printLeft() , DeleteExpr::printLeft() , DotSuffix::printLeft() , DtorName::printLeft() , DynamicExceptionSpec::printLeft() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::printLeft() , EnableIfAttr::printLeft() , EnclosingExpr::printLeft() , EnumLiteral::printLeft() , ExplicitObjectParameter::printLeft() , ExprRequirement::printLeft() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::printLeft() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , ForwardTemplateReference::printLeft() , FunctionEncoding::printLeft() , FunctionParam::printLeft() , FunctionType::printLeft() , GlobalQualifiedName::printLeft() , InitListExpr::printLeft() , IntegerLiteral::printLeft() , LambdaExpr::printLeft() , LiteralOperator::printLeft() , LocalName::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , MemberLikeFriendName::printLeft() , ModuleEntity::printLeft() , ModuleName::printLeft() , NameType::printLeft() , NameWithTemplateArgs::printLeft() , NestedName::printLeft() , NestedRequirement::printLeft() , NewExpr::printLeft() , NodeArrayNode::printLeft() , NoexceptSpec::printLeft() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ObjCProtoName::printLeft() , ParameterPack::printLeft() , ParameterPackExpansion::printLeft() , PixelVectorType::printLeft() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::printLeft() , PointerToMemberType::printLeft() , PointerType::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , PostfixQualifiedType::printLeft() , PrefixExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::printLeft() , QualType::printLeft() , ReferenceType::printLeft() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , SizeofParamPackExpr::printLeft() , SpecialName::printLeft() , SpecialSubstitution::printLeft() , StringLiteral::printLeft() , StructuredBindingName::printLeft() , SubobjectExpr::printLeft() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::printLeft() , TemplateArgs::printLeft() , TemplateArgumentPack::printLeft() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printLeft() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::printLeft() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ThrowExpr::printLeft() , TransformedType::printLeft() , TypeRequirement::printLeft() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , UnnamedTypeName::printLeft() , VectorType::printLeft() , VendorExtQualType::printLeft() , QualType::printQuals() , ArrayType::printRight() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ForwardTemplateReference::printRight() , FunctionEncoding::printRight() , FunctionType::printRight() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ParameterPack::printRight() , PointerToMemberType::printRight() , PointerType::printRight() , QualType::printRight() , ReferenceType::printRight() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printRight() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , and TypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() . Member Data Documentation ◆  ArrayCache Cache Node::ArrayCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 214 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getArrayCache() , hasArray() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  FunctionCache Cache Node::FunctionCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 218 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getFunctionCache() , hasFunction() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  RHSComponentCache Cache Node::RHSComponentCache protected Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Definition at line 210 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getRHSComponentCache() , hasRHSComponent() , Node() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , and print() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/classObjCProtoName.html#a0dd966c7b564bde7037477b4fa2f3140	LLVM: ObjCProtoName Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Member Functions \| List of all members ObjCProtoName Class Reference #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inheritance diagram for ObjCProtoName: This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead. [ legend ] Public Member Functions   ObjCProtoName ( const Node Ty_, std::string_view Protocol_) template<typename Fn> void  match (Fn F ) const bool   isObjCObject () const std::string_view  getProtocol () const void  printLeft ( OutputBuffer &OB) const override Public Member Functions inherited from Node   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node   getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Additional Inherited Members Public Types inherited from Node enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Protected Attributes inherited from Node Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Detailed Description Definition at line 614 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  ObjCProtoName() ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName ( const Node * Ty_ , std::string_view Protocol_  ) inline Definition at line 619 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node::Node() . Member Function Documentation ◆  getProtocol() std::string_view ObjCProtoName::getProtocol ( ) const inline Definition at line 629 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  isObjCObject() bool ObjCProtoName::isObjCObject ( ) const inline Definition at line 624 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References getName() . Referenced by PointerType::printLeft() , and PointerType::printRight() . ◆  match() template<typename Fn> void ObjCProtoName::match ( Fn F ) const inline Definition at line 622 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References F . ◆  printLeft() void ObjCProtoName::printLeft ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline override virtual Implements Node . Definition at line 631 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node::OutputBuffer . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/manual/ru/tokenizer.setup.php	PHP: Установка и настройка - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box Установка » « Введение Руководство по PHP Справочник функций Другие базовые модули Tokenizer Язык: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other Установка и настройка Содержание Установка Нашли ошибку? Инструкция • Исправление • Сообщение об ошибке ＋ Добавить Примечания пользователей Пользователи ещё не добавляли примечания для страницы Tokenizer Введение Установка и настройка Предопределённые константы Примеры PhpToken Функции PHP-лексера (tokenizer) Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://gist.github.com/tirkarthi/fb6156ed9e0a410ab4e107f8157e80b2	python-bugs-list.md · GitHub Skip to content --> Search Gists Search Gists All gists Back to GitHub Sign in Sign up Sign in Sign up You signed in with another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You signed out in another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You switched accounts on another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. Dismiss alert {{ message }} Instantly share code, notes, and snippets. tirkarthi / python-bugs-list.md Last active January 31, 2019 09:36 Show Gist options Download ZIP Star 0 ( 0 ) You must be signed in to star a gist Fork 0 ( 0 ) You must be signed in to fork a gist Embed Select an option Embed Embed this gist in your website. Share Copy sharable link for this gist. Clone via HTTPS Clone using the web URL. No results found Learn more about clone URLs Clone this repository at &lt;script src=&quot;https://gist.github.com/tirkarthi/fb6156ed9e0a410ab4e107f8157e80b2.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; Save tirkarthi/fb6156ed9e0a410ab4e107f8157e80b2 to your computer and use it in GitHub Desktop. Code Revisions 49 Embed Select an option Embed Embed this gist in your website. Share Copy sharable link for this gist. Clone via HTTPS Clone using the web URL. No results found Learn more about clone URLs Clone this repository at &lt;script src=&quot;https://gist.github.com/tirkarthi/fb6156ed9e0a410ab4e107f8157e80b2.js&quot;&gt;&lt;/script&gt; Save tirkarthi/fb6156ed9e0a410ab4e107f8157e80b2 to your computer and use it in GitHub Desktop. Download ZIP Raw python-bugs-list.md I use this to maintain a list of issues I have left some useful comment like reproducing, adding similar issue or adding a reviewer that helped in closure or some of the issues I have reported/fixed mainly for following up since nosy lists are hard to keep track of in the email. I mainly keep this list to keep track of my triage workload and of course for some statistics. This is a markdown version of my org file. I try to update this daily. Current issue to track : Crash in Tokenizer - Heap-use-after-free Close it as a superseder to https://bugs.python.org/31852 generate_tokens is made public . Close it as rejected with https://bugs.python.org/issue12486 test_pkg test_4 and/or test_7 sometimes fail . Close it as a superseder to https://bugs.python.org/issue34200 test_doctest lineendings fails in verbose mode Wrong line number attributed to comprehension expressions improvements were made with https://bugs.python.org/issue12458 . Unittest Mock objects do not freeze arguments they are called with configparser unable to write comment with a upper cas letter PYTHONDUMPREFS=1 ./python -c pass does crash tracked at https://bugs.python.org/issue30156 namedtuple's exec() throws segmentation fault Executor.map and as_completed timeouts are able to deviate . multiprocessing had the same change. Added victor and antoine for thoughts on this. Propose to close this since Python cannot validate media types and it's related to server configuration . Closed. ParseError in test_all_project_files() . Closed as a duplicate of https://bugs.python.org/issue30117 which was also fixed. Propose to close as documentation is correct . Closed as not a bug. Tests altered the execution environment in isolated mode . closed since Victor fixed it. Add more entries to os module to pathlib reference table Closed as not a bug https://bugs.python.org/issue34923 Propose closing since 2.7.x is in bug fix mode memory leak in TkApp:_createbytearray . PR from Serhiy on this test_emails failure on FreeBSD( https://bugs.python.org/issue31628 ) . Close this and reopen https://bugs.python.org/issue15750 . test_locale failure on OpenBSD https://bugs.python.org/issue31636 . Duplicate : https://bugs.python.org/issue25191 ResourceWarnings from platform._dist_try_harder. platform.linux_distribution was removed in Python 3.8 that uses it. Needs Patch to PR https://bugs.python.org/issue27903 datetime.strptime have no directive to convert date values with Era and Time Zone name https://bugs.python.org/issue33940 . Related issue for %Z https://bugs.python.org/issue22377 . Backport request for json encoding dbus.bytes Mock functions with autospec STILL don't support assert_called_once, assert_called, assert_not_called https://bugs.python.org/issue33643 . Seems this was merged in Python 3.6 Mock called_with does not ensure self/cls argument is used distutils tests fail with recent 3.7 branch . Need to check this on 3.7.1rc1 test_distutils fails if current directory contains spaces . Found cause since sys.executable is used we have a space and using it in the string formatting causes error. Left a comment with the analysis and a related issue. lib2to3 log_error method behavior is inconsitent with documentation https://bugs.python.org/issue32750 . Docs seem to be correct since the inherited function is used. test.test_ssl.ThreadedTests.test_tls1_3 fails in 2.7 with AttributeError: exit https://bugs.python.org/issue34818 concurrent.futures as_completed raise TimeoutError wrong Path-file objects does not have method to delete itself if its a file Crash after run Python interpreter from removed directory. Fixed with Python 3.5 and above. Close it with https://bugs.python.org/issue22834 . binascii.c:1578:1: error: the control flow of function binascii_crc32 does not match its profile data (counter arcs ) Ellipsis docs has extra dot in the markdown that makes it look like .... (four dots) EASY support.args_from_interpreter_flags() doesn't inherit -I (isolated) flag . victor wants -I to return -I instead of ['-s', '-E', '-I']. Runtime failure with Failed to import site module . Seems like a duplicate of https://bugs.python.org/issue34846 codecs.getreader() splits lines containing control characters . Works as documented Add 2to3 fixer to change send and recv methods of socket object . Make a fix similar to dict.fixer but .send and .recv are very common methods Can be closed as a bug since this was fixed in 3.7.0 RC 1 Fixed but there is no decision whether to keep/revert the code German letter case folding . Close this as duplicate of https://bugs.python.org/issue30810 cookielib/cookiejar cookies' Expires date parse fails with long month names Allow querying a Path's mime-type Incorrect HTML link in functools.partial wsgiref client closing not handled gracefully. Duplicate of https://bugs.python.org/issue27682 that has a discussion open that it's a Windows/Django bug. Python throws “SyntaxError: Non-UTF-8 code start with \xe8...” when parse source file . Error with file encoding not present in file ? check type of object in fix_dict.py in 2to3 . Feels not very Pythonic and can break some code. Release Windows Store app containing Python re.sub() different behavior in 3.7 . Intended change and added Serhiy for clarification. distutils.core.setup does not raise TypeError when if classifiers, keywords and platforms fields are not specified as a list . Doc fix missed as part of https://bugs.python.org/issue19610 . availability directive breaks po files . Help needed and issue raised in Sphinx repo. Add multisort recipe to sorting docs Add name to process and thread pool year 2038 problem in compileall.py SpooledTemporaryFile and seekable() method duplicate of https://bugs.python.org/issue26175 make doctest in CPython has failures Doctest in CI uses python binary built from master causing DeprecationWarnings binascii.Error: Incorrect padding Fix documentation for instancecheck tkinter docs: errors in A Simple Hello World Program Checking for abstractmethod implementation fails to consider MRO for builtins Can't reassign class despite the assigned class having identical slots availability directive breaks po files Cookie domain check returns incorrect results PyDoc Partial Functions functools.partialmethod should look more like what it's impersonating. Related to above issue unittest mock create_autospec doesn't correctly replace mocksignature . Has open PR from me. missing feature in inspect module: getmembers_static inspect.getmembers passes exceptions from object's properties through Related to getmembers_static inspect.getsource returns incorrect source for classes when class definition is part of multiline strings Backport AST module warnings ntpath.abspath no longer uses normpath os.path.realpath preserves the trailing backslash on Windows in python 3.6.7 and python 3.7.1 pathlib mkdir throws FileExistsError when not supposed to . Affects Python 3.5.2 but resolved in 3.5.4+ and related to OP Ubuntu version having problem with upgrade Crash with tkinter text on osx . Crash with homebrew 3.7.1 but no crash with python.org installer. Might be due to Tcl/Tk version and one shipped with python.org installer seems to fix this. Added Ned for clarification. Command line help example is missing "--prompt" option . Has an approved PR. pip3 show causing Error for ConfigParaser When using mock to wrap an existing object, side_effect requires return_value set union/intersection/difference could accept zero arguments mock.patch.dict spoils order of items in collections.OrderedDict . Python 3.7 and above guarantees the order and hence the tests work with the patch but will be good to have the test as unit test. Allow repeated deletion of unittest.mock.Mock attributes . Seems like an easy issue with the patch in the issue. test_named_expressions raises SyntaxWarning test_asyncio: test_async_gen_asyncio_gc_aclose_09() race condition Align expected and actual calls on mock.assert_called_with error message ConfigParser calls optionxform twice when assigning dict csv.DictReader, skipinitialspace does not ignore tab QueueHandler formatting affects other handlers Cookie path check returns incorrect results mock calls don't propagate to parent (autospec) Issues that I helped in triaging/fixing Azure linux buildbot failure (created by me) argparse: comma in metavar causes assertion failure when formatting long usage message Documentation renders incorrectly mock.call_args compares as equal and not equal UUID versions are not validated to lie in the documented range Memory leak on _testCongestion PEPping distutils/core.py Typo in docs.python.jp Python incorrect execution order Unable to read zip file with extra some examples in 'itertools' modules docs are inaccuracy. IDLE 3.7.0 on Mac cannot open subprocess error in the repl due to indentation unittest docs could use another header itertools.tee causes segfault in a multithreading environment, while the equivalent implementation doesn't Clarify pathlib.Path("filepath").read_text() test_site fails in macOS-PR VSTS builds for 3.7 branch Test6012 in test_capi is not run as part of make test Argument unpacking syntax for lambdas Incorrect URL for the Visual C++ Build Tools logging in 3.7 behaves different due to caching clarification on escaping \d in regular expressions Segfault while Django template rendering Possible access to unintended variable in "cpython/Objects/sliceobject.c" line 116 Make csv.Dialect attributes skipinitialspace, doublequote and strict booleans bool(Q) always return True for a priority queue Q Tools/msgfmt.py emits a DeprecationWarning under Python 3.7 There is a constant definition error in errno.py [EASY] test_docxmlrpc fails when run with -Werror inspect.getmembers does not retrive dataclass's dataclass_fields properly root.warning('msg') output format modified by logging.warning('msg') Spelling mistakes found using aspell Nested loop in dictionary comprehension gives global name not defined inside class [EASY] Incorrect usage of unittest.TestCase in test_urllib2_localnet [EASY] [3.7] test_platform fails when run with -Werror logging.config.dictConfig with file handler leaks resources Misleading error message in urllib.parse.unquote Item assignment in tuple mutates list despite throwing error Sign up for free to join this conversation on GitHub . 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https://www.php.net/manual/es/function.explode.php	PHP: explode - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box fprintf » « echo Manual de PHP Referencia de funciones Procesamiento de texto Strings Funciones de strings Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other explode (PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) explode — Divide una string en segmentos Descripción explode ( string $separator , string $string , int $limit = PHP_INT_MAX ): array explode() retorna un array de strings, cada una de ellas siendo una substring del parámetro string extraída utilizando el separador separator . Parámetros separator El separador. string La string inicial. limit Si limit está definido y es positivo, el array retornado contiene, como máximo, limit elementos, y el último elemento contendrá el resto de la string. Si el parámetro limit es negativo, todos los elementos, excepto los últimos - limit elementos, son retornados. Si limit vale cero, es tratado como si valiera 1. Nota : Antes de PHP 8.0, implode() aceptaba sus parámetros en cualquier orden. explode() nunca ha soportado esto: se debe asegurar que el parámetro separator esté colocado antes del parámetro string . Valores devueltos Retorna un array de strings creadas al dividir la string del parámetro string en varios trozos siguiendo el parámetro separator . Si separator es una string vacía (""), explode() lanzará una ValueError . Si separator contiene un valor que no está contenido en string así como un valor negativo para el parámetro limit , entonces explode() retornará un array vacío, de lo contrario, un array conteniendo la string string entera. Si los valores de separator aparecen al inicio o al final de string , estos valores serán añadidos como un valor de un array vacío ya sea en la primera o última posición del array retornado respectivamente. Historial de cambios Versión Descripción 8.0.0 explode() lanzará ahora una ValueError cuando el parámetro separator es una string vacía ( "" ). Anteriormente, explode() retornaba false . Ejemplos Ejemplo #1 Ejemplo con explode() <?php // Ejemplo 1 $pizza = "piece1 piece2 piece3 piece4 piece5 piece6" ; $pieces = explode ( " " , $pizza ); echo $pieces [ 0 ], PHP_EOL ; // piece1 echo $pieces [ 1 ], PHP_EOL ; // piece2 // Ejemplo 2 $data = "foo::1023:1000::/home/foo:/bin/sh" ; list( $user , $pass , $uid , $gid , $gecos , $home , $shell ) = explode ( ":" , $data ); echo $user , PHP_EOL ; // foo echo $pass , PHP_EOL ; // ?> Ejemplo #2 Ejemplo de valores retornados por la función explode() <?php /* Una string que no contiene delimitador retornará un array conteniendo solo un elemento representando la string original / $input1 = "hello" ; $input2 = "hello,there" ; $input3 = ',' ; var_dump ( explode ( ',' , $input1 ) ); var_dump ( explode ( ',' , $input2 ) ); var_dump ( explode ( ',' , $input3 ) ); ?> El ejemplo anterior mostrará: array(1) ( [0] => string(5) "hello" ) array(2) ( [0] => string(5) "hello" [1] => string(5) "there" ) array(2) ( [0] => string(0) "" [1] => string(0) "" ) Ejemplo #3 Ejemplo con explode() y el parámetro limit <?php $str = 'one\|two\|three\|four' ; // limit positivo print_r ( explode ( '\|' , $str , 2 )); // limit negativo print_r ( explode ( '\|' , $str , - 1 )); ?> El ejemplo anterior mostrará: Array ( [0] => one [1] => two\|three\|four ) Array ( [0] => one [1] => two [2] => three ) Notas Nota : Esta función es segura para sistemas binarios. Ver también preg_split() - Divide una cadena mediante expresión regular str_split() - Convierte un string en un array mb_split() - Divide una string en un array utilizando una expresión regular multibyte str_word_count() - Cuenta el número de palabras utilizadas en un string strtok() - Divide una cadena en segmentos implode() - Une elementos de un array en un string Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes 4 notes up down 37 Gerben ¶ 3 years ago Note that an empty input string will still result in one element in the output array. This is something to remember when you are processing unknown input. For example, maybe you are splitting part of a URI by forward slashes (like "articles/42/show" => ["articles", "42", "show"]). And maybe you expect that an empty URI will result in an empty array ("" => []). Instead, it will contain one element, with an empty string: <?php $uri = '' ; $parts = explode ( '/' , $uri ); var_dump ( $parts ); ?> Will output: array(1) { [0]=> string(0) "" } And not: array(0) { } up down 19 marc ¶ 2 years ago If your data is smaller than the expected count with the list expansion: <?php $data = "foo::1023:1000::/home/foo:/bin/sh" ; list( $user , $pass , $uid , $gid , $gecos , $home , $shell , $nu ) = explode ( ":" , $data ); ?> The result is a warning not an error: PHP Warning: Undefined array key 7 in ... The solution is to pad the array to the expected length: <?php $data = "foo:*:1023:1000::/home/foo:/bin/sh" ; list( $user , $pass , $uid , $gid , $gecos , $home , $shell , $nu ) = array_pad ( explode ( ":" , $data ), 8 , "" ); // where 8 is the count of the list arguments ?> up down 12 bocoroth ¶ 4 years ago Be careful, while most non-alphanumeric data types as input strings return an array with an empty string when used with a valid separator, true returns an array with the string "1"! var_dump(explode(',', null)); //array(1) { [0]=> string(0) "" } var_dump(explode(',', false)); //array(1) { [0]=> string(0) "" } var_dump(explode(',', true)); //array(1) { [0]=> string(1) "1" } up down -1 Alejandro-Ihuit ¶ 3 years ago If you want to directly take a specific value without having to store it in another variable, you can implement the following: $status = 'Missing-1'; echo $status_only = explode('-', $status)[0]; // Missing ＋ add a note Funciones de strings addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/classNode.html#a1741d927ae4f746a135ec7557c5f8a8c	LLVM: Node Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Types \| Public Member Functions \| Protected Attributes \| Friends \| List of all members Node Class Reference abstract #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inherited by FloatLiteralImpl< float > , FloatLiteralImpl< double > , FloatLiteralImpl< long double > , AbiTagAttr , ArraySubscriptExpr , ArrayType , BinaryExpr , BinaryFPType , BitIntType , BoolExpr , BracedExpr , BracedRangeExpr , CallExpr , CastExpr , ClosureTypeName , ConditionalExpr , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl , ConversionExpr , ConversionOperatorType , CtorDtorName , CtorVtableSpecialName , DeleteExpr , DotSuffix , DtorName , DynamicExceptionSpec , ElaboratedTypeSpefType , EnableIfAttr , EnclosingExpr , EnumLiteral , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , ExplicitObjectParameter , ExprRequirement , FloatLiteralImpl< Float > , FoldExpr , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionParam , FunctionType , GlobalQualifiedName , InitListExpr , IntegerLiteral , LambdaExpr , LiteralOperator , LocalName , MemberExpr , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , ModuleName , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , NestedRequirement , NewExpr , NodeArrayNode , NoexceptSpec , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl , ObjCProtoName , ParameterPack , ParameterPackExpansion , PixelVectorType , PointerToMemberConversionExpr , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , PostfixExpr , PostfixQualifiedType , PrefixExpr , QualType , QualifiedName , ReferenceType , RequiresExpr , SizeofParamPackExpr , SpecialName , StringLiteral , StructuredBindingName , SubobjectExpr , SyntheticTemplateParamName , TemplateArgs , TemplateArgumentPack , TemplateParamPackDecl , TemplateParamQualifiedArg , TemplateTemplateParamDecl , ThrowExpr , TransformedType , TypeRequirement , TypeTemplateParamDecl , UnnamedTypeName , VectorType , and VendorExtQualType . Public Types enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Public Member Functions   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node *  getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Protected Attributes Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Friends class  OutputBuffer Detailed Description Definition at line 166 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Member Enumeration Documentation ◆  Cache enum class Node::Cache : uint8_t strong Three-way bool to track a cached value. Unknown is possible if this node has an unexpanded parameter pack below it that may affect this cache. Enumerator Yes  No  Unknown  Definition at line 175 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Kind enum Node::Kind : uint8_t Definition at line 168 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Prec enum class Node::Prec : uint8_t strong Operator precedence for expression nodes. Used to determine required parens in expression emission. Enumerator Primary  Postfix  Unary  Cast  PtrMem  Multiplicative  Additive  Shift  Spaceship  Relational  Equality  And  Xor  Ior  AndIf  OrIf  Conditional  Assign  Comma  Default  Definition at line 179 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  Node() [1/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Prec Precedence_ = Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_ = Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 221 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , FunctionCache , No , Primary , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , ArraySubscriptExpr::ArraySubscriptExpr() , ArrayType::ArrayType() , BinaryExpr::BinaryExpr() , BinaryFPType::BinaryFPType() , BitIntType::BitIntType() , BoolExpr::BoolExpr() , BracedExpr::BracedExpr() , BracedRangeExpr::BracedRangeExpr() , CallExpr::CallExpr() , CastExpr::CastExpr() , ClosureTypeName::ClosureTypeName() , ConditionalExpr::ConditionalExpr() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ConversionExpr::ConversionExpr() , ConversionOperatorType::ConversionOperatorType() , CtorDtorName::CtorDtorName() , CtorVtableSpecialName::CtorVtableSpecialName() , DeleteExpr::DeleteExpr() , DotSuffix::DotSuffix() , DtorName::DtorName() , DynamicExceptionSpec::DynamicExceptionSpec() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::ElaboratedTypeSpefType() , EnableIfAttr::EnableIfAttr() , EnclosingExpr::EnclosingExpr() , EnumLiteral::EnumLiteral() , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution::ExpandedSpecialSubstitution() , ExplicitObjectParameter::ExplicitObjectParameter() , ExprRequirement::ExprRequirement() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::FloatLiteralImpl() , FoldExpr::FoldExpr() , ForwardTemplateReference::ForwardTemplateReference() , FunctionEncoding::FunctionEncoding() , FunctionParam::FunctionParam() , FunctionType::FunctionType() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::getArg() , FunctionEncoding::getAttrs() , VectorType::getBaseType() , ParameterPackExpansion::getChild() , QualType::getChild() , VectorType::getDimension() , FunctionEncoding::getName() , PointerType::getPointee() , FunctionEncoding::getRequires() , FunctionEncoding::getReturnType() , ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , VendorExtQualType::getTA() , VendorExtQualType::getTy() , GlobalQualifiedName::GlobalQualifiedName() , InitListExpr::InitListExpr() , IntegerLiteral::IntegerLiteral() , LambdaExpr::LambdaExpr() , LiteralOperator::LiteralOperator() , LocalName::LocalName() , MemberExpr::MemberExpr() , MemberLikeFriendName::MemberLikeFriendName() , ModuleEntity::ModuleEntity() , ModuleName::ModuleName() , NameType::NameType() , NameWithTemplateArgs::NameWithTemplateArgs() , NestedName::NestedName() , NestedRequirement::NestedRequirement() , NewExpr::NewExpr() , Node() , NodeArrayNode::NodeArrayNode() , NoexceptSpec::NoexceptSpec() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::NonTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , ParameterPackExpansion::ParameterPackExpansion() , PixelVectorType::PixelVectorType() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::PointerToMemberConversionExpr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , PostfixExpr::PostfixExpr() , PostfixQualifiedType::PostfixQualifiedType() , PrefixExpr::PrefixExpr() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::QualifiedName() , QualType::QualType() , ReferenceType::ReferenceType() , RequiresExpr::RequiresExpr() , SizeofParamPackExpr::SizeofParamPackExpr() , SpecialName::SpecialName() , StringLiteral::StringLiteral() , StructuredBindingName::StructuredBindingName() , SubobjectExpr::SubobjectExpr() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::SyntheticTemplateParamName() , TemplateArgs::TemplateArgs() , TemplateArgumentPack::TemplateArgumentPack() , TemplateParamPackDecl::TemplateParamPackDecl() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::TemplateParamQualifiedArg() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::TemplateTemplateParamDecl() , ThrowExpr::ThrowExpr() , TransformedType::TransformedType() , TypeRequirement::TypeRequirement() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::TypeTemplateParamDecl() , UnnamedTypeName::UnnamedTypeName() , VectorType::VectorType() , and VendorExtQualType::VendorExtQualType() . ◆  Node() [2/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Cache RHSComponentCache_ , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 226 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , Node() , and Primary . ◆  ~Node() virtual Node::~Node ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  dump() DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void Node::dump ( ) const References DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD . Referenced by llvm::DAGTypeLegalizer::run() , and llvm::RISCVDAGToDAGISel::Select() . ◆  getArrayCache() Cache Node::getArrayCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 262 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getBaseName() virtual std::string_view Node::getBaseName ( ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in AbiTagAttr , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , GlobalQualifiedName , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , QualifiedName , and SpecialSubstitution . Definition at line 299 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  getFunctionCache() Cache Node::getFunctionCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 263 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getKind() Kind Node::getKind ( ) const inline Definition at line 258 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseCtorDtorName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseNestedName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateArgs() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParam() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseUnscopedName() , NodeArray::printAsString() , and llvm::msgpack::Document::writeToBlob() . ◆  getPrecedence() Prec Node::getPrecedence ( ) const inline Definition at line 260 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by ArraySubscriptExpr::match() , BinaryExpr::match() , CallExpr::match() , CastExpr::match() , ConditionalExpr::match() , ConversionExpr::match() , DeleteExpr::match() , EnclosingExpr::match() , MemberExpr::match() , NewExpr::match() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::match() , PostfixExpr::match() , PrefixExpr::match() , printAsOperand() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , and PrefixExpr::printLeft() . ◆  getRHSComponentCache() Cache Node::getRHSComponentCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 261 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , QualType::QualType() , and ReferenceType::ReferenceType() . ◆  getSyntaxNode() virtual const Node * Node::getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , and ParameterPack . Definition at line 271 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node() , and OutputBuffer . ◆  hasArray() bool Node::hasArray ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 246 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , hasArraySlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasArraySlow() virtual bool Node::hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 266 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasArray() . ◆  hasFunction() bool Node::hasFunction ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 252 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache , hasFunctionSlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasFunctionSlow() virtual bool Node::hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 267 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasFunction() . ◆  hasRHSComponent() bool Node::hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 240 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , RHSComponentCache , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasRHSComponentSlow() virtual bool Node::hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , QualType , and ReferenceType . Definition at line 265 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasRHSComponent() . ◆  print() void Node::print ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 286 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , OutputBuffer , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by llvm::ItaniumPartialDemangler::getFunctionDeclContextName() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< AADepGraph * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< const MachineFunction * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::itaniumDemangle() , printAsOperand() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , and printNode() . ◆  printAsOperand() void Node::printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer & OB , Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse = false  ) const inline Definition at line 275 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Default , getPrecedence() , OutputBuffer , P , and print() . Referenced by llvm::DOTGraphTraits< DOTFuncInfo * >::getBBName() , getSimpleNodeName() , llvm::operator<<() , llvm::VPIRMetadata::print() , and llvm::SimpleNodeLabelString() . ◆  printInitListAsType() virtual bool Node::printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer & , const NodeArray &  ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType . Definition at line 295 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . ◆  visit() template<typename Fn> void Node::visit ( Fn F ) const Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. Visit the node. Calls F(P) , where P is the node cast to the appropriate derived class. Definition at line 2639 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , and F . Friends And Related Symbol Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer friend class OutputBuffer friend Definition at line 309 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , hasArray() , ArrayType::hasArraySlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasArraySlow() , hasArraySlow() , ParameterPack::hasArraySlow() , QualType::hasArraySlow() , hasFunction() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasFunctionSlow() , ParameterPack::hasFunctionSlow() , QualType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasRHSComponent() , ArrayType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , hasRHSComponentSlow() , ParameterPack::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerToMemberType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , QualType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ReferenceType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , print() , printAsOperand() , ClosureTypeName::printDeclarator() , ArrayType::printInitListAsType() , printInitListAsType() , AbiTagAttr::printLeft() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , ArrayType::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , BinaryFPType::printLeft() , BitIntType::printLeft() , BoolExpr::printLeft() , BracedExpr::printLeft() , BracedRangeExpr::printLeft() , CallExpr::printLeft() , CastExpr::printLeft() , ClosureTypeName::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ConversionExpr::printLeft() , ConversionOperatorType::printLeft() , CtorDtorName::printLeft() , CtorVtableSpecialName::printLeft() , DeleteExpr::printLeft() , DotSuffix::printLeft() , DtorName::printLeft() , DynamicExceptionSpec::printLeft() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::printLeft() , EnableIfAttr::printLeft() , EnclosingExpr::printLeft() , EnumLiteral::printLeft() , ExplicitObjectParameter::printLeft() , ExprRequirement::printLeft() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::printLeft() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , ForwardTemplateReference::printLeft() , FunctionEncoding::printLeft() , FunctionParam::printLeft() , FunctionType::printLeft() , GlobalQualifiedName::printLeft() , InitListExpr::printLeft() , IntegerLiteral::printLeft() , LambdaExpr::printLeft() , LiteralOperator::printLeft() , LocalName::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , MemberLikeFriendName::printLeft() , ModuleEntity::printLeft() , ModuleName::printLeft() , NameType::printLeft() , NameWithTemplateArgs::printLeft() , NestedName::printLeft() , NestedRequirement::printLeft() , NewExpr::printLeft() , NodeArrayNode::printLeft() , NoexceptSpec::printLeft() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ObjCProtoName::printLeft() , ParameterPack::printLeft() , ParameterPackExpansion::printLeft() , PixelVectorType::printLeft() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::printLeft() , PointerToMemberType::printLeft() , PointerType::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , PostfixQualifiedType::printLeft() , PrefixExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::printLeft() , QualType::printLeft() , ReferenceType::printLeft() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , SizeofParamPackExpr::printLeft() , SpecialName::printLeft() , SpecialSubstitution::printLeft() , StringLiteral::printLeft() , StructuredBindingName::printLeft() , SubobjectExpr::printLeft() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::printLeft() , TemplateArgs::printLeft() , TemplateArgumentPack::printLeft() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printLeft() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::printLeft() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ThrowExpr::printLeft() , TransformedType::printLeft() , TypeRequirement::printLeft() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , UnnamedTypeName::printLeft() , VectorType::printLeft() , VendorExtQualType::printLeft() , QualType::printQuals() , ArrayType::printRight() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ForwardTemplateReference::printRight() , FunctionEncoding::printRight() , FunctionType::printRight() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ParameterPack::printRight() , PointerToMemberType::printRight() , PointerType::printRight() , QualType::printRight() , ReferenceType::printRight() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printRight() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , and TypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() . Member Data Documentation ◆  ArrayCache Cache Node::ArrayCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 214 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getArrayCache() , hasArray() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  FunctionCache Cache Node::FunctionCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 218 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getFunctionCache() , hasFunction() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  RHSComponentCache Cache Node::RHSComponentCache protected Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Definition at line 210 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getRHSComponentCache() , hasRHSComponent() , Node() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , and print() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
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https://llvm.org/doxygen/classNode.html#ac06ce866c189934eb33694a1a7d337fb	LLVM: Node Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Types \| Public Member Functions \| Protected Attributes \| Friends \| List of all members Node Class Reference abstract #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inherited by FloatLiteralImpl< float > , FloatLiteralImpl< double > , FloatLiteralImpl< long double > , AbiTagAttr , ArraySubscriptExpr , ArrayType , BinaryExpr , BinaryFPType , BitIntType , BoolExpr , BracedExpr , BracedRangeExpr , CallExpr , CastExpr , ClosureTypeName , ConditionalExpr , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl , ConversionExpr , ConversionOperatorType , CtorDtorName , CtorVtableSpecialName , DeleteExpr , DotSuffix , DtorName , DynamicExceptionSpec , ElaboratedTypeSpefType , EnableIfAttr , EnclosingExpr , EnumLiteral , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , ExplicitObjectParameter , ExprRequirement , FloatLiteralImpl< Float > , FoldExpr , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionParam , FunctionType , GlobalQualifiedName , InitListExpr , IntegerLiteral , LambdaExpr , LiteralOperator , LocalName , MemberExpr , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , ModuleName , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , NestedRequirement , NewExpr , NodeArrayNode , NoexceptSpec , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl , ObjCProtoName , ParameterPack , ParameterPackExpansion , PixelVectorType , PointerToMemberConversionExpr , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , PostfixExpr , PostfixQualifiedType , PrefixExpr , QualType , QualifiedName , ReferenceType , RequiresExpr , SizeofParamPackExpr , SpecialName , StringLiteral , StructuredBindingName , SubobjectExpr , SyntheticTemplateParamName , TemplateArgs , TemplateArgumentPack , TemplateParamPackDecl , TemplateParamQualifiedArg , TemplateTemplateParamDecl , ThrowExpr , TransformedType , TypeRequirement , TypeTemplateParamDecl , UnnamedTypeName , VectorType , and VendorExtQualType . Public Types enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Public Member Functions   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node *  getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Protected Attributes Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Friends class  OutputBuffer Detailed Description Definition at line 166 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Member Enumeration Documentation ◆  Cache enum class Node::Cache : uint8_t strong Three-way bool to track a cached value. Unknown is possible if this node has an unexpanded parameter pack below it that may affect this cache. Enumerator Yes  No  Unknown  Definition at line 175 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Kind enum Node::Kind : uint8_t Definition at line 168 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Prec enum class Node::Prec : uint8_t strong Operator precedence for expression nodes. Used to determine required parens in expression emission. Enumerator Primary  Postfix  Unary  Cast  PtrMem  Multiplicative  Additive  Shift  Spaceship  Relational  Equality  And  Xor  Ior  AndIf  OrIf  Conditional  Assign  Comma  Default  Definition at line 179 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  Node() [1/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Prec Precedence_ = Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_ = Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 221 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , FunctionCache , No , Primary , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , ArraySubscriptExpr::ArraySubscriptExpr() , ArrayType::ArrayType() , BinaryExpr::BinaryExpr() , BinaryFPType::BinaryFPType() , BitIntType::BitIntType() , BoolExpr::BoolExpr() , BracedExpr::BracedExpr() , BracedRangeExpr::BracedRangeExpr() , CallExpr::CallExpr() , CastExpr::CastExpr() , ClosureTypeName::ClosureTypeName() , ConditionalExpr::ConditionalExpr() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ConversionExpr::ConversionExpr() , ConversionOperatorType::ConversionOperatorType() , CtorDtorName::CtorDtorName() , CtorVtableSpecialName::CtorVtableSpecialName() , DeleteExpr::DeleteExpr() , DotSuffix::DotSuffix() , DtorName::DtorName() , DynamicExceptionSpec::DynamicExceptionSpec() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::ElaboratedTypeSpefType() , EnableIfAttr::EnableIfAttr() , EnclosingExpr::EnclosingExpr() , EnumLiteral::EnumLiteral() , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution::ExpandedSpecialSubstitution() , ExplicitObjectParameter::ExplicitObjectParameter() , ExprRequirement::ExprRequirement() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::FloatLiteralImpl() , FoldExpr::FoldExpr() , ForwardTemplateReference::ForwardTemplateReference() , FunctionEncoding::FunctionEncoding() , FunctionParam::FunctionParam() , FunctionType::FunctionType() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::getArg() , FunctionEncoding::getAttrs() , VectorType::getBaseType() , ParameterPackExpansion::getChild() , QualType::getChild() , VectorType::getDimension() , FunctionEncoding::getName() , PointerType::getPointee() , FunctionEncoding::getRequires() , FunctionEncoding::getReturnType() , ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , VendorExtQualType::getTA() , VendorExtQualType::getTy() , GlobalQualifiedName::GlobalQualifiedName() , InitListExpr::InitListExpr() , IntegerLiteral::IntegerLiteral() , LambdaExpr::LambdaExpr() , LiteralOperator::LiteralOperator() , LocalName::LocalName() , MemberExpr::MemberExpr() , MemberLikeFriendName::MemberLikeFriendName() , ModuleEntity::ModuleEntity() , ModuleName::ModuleName() , NameType::NameType() , NameWithTemplateArgs::NameWithTemplateArgs() , NestedName::NestedName() , NestedRequirement::NestedRequirement() , NewExpr::NewExpr() , Node() , NodeArrayNode::NodeArrayNode() , NoexceptSpec::NoexceptSpec() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::NonTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , ParameterPackExpansion::ParameterPackExpansion() , PixelVectorType::PixelVectorType() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::PointerToMemberConversionExpr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , PostfixExpr::PostfixExpr() , PostfixQualifiedType::PostfixQualifiedType() , PrefixExpr::PrefixExpr() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::QualifiedName() , QualType::QualType() , ReferenceType::ReferenceType() , RequiresExpr::RequiresExpr() , SizeofParamPackExpr::SizeofParamPackExpr() , SpecialName::SpecialName() , StringLiteral::StringLiteral() , StructuredBindingName::StructuredBindingName() , SubobjectExpr::SubobjectExpr() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::SyntheticTemplateParamName() , TemplateArgs::TemplateArgs() , TemplateArgumentPack::TemplateArgumentPack() , TemplateParamPackDecl::TemplateParamPackDecl() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::TemplateParamQualifiedArg() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::TemplateTemplateParamDecl() , ThrowExpr::ThrowExpr() , TransformedType::TransformedType() , TypeRequirement::TypeRequirement() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::TypeTemplateParamDecl() , UnnamedTypeName::UnnamedTypeName() , VectorType::VectorType() , and VendorExtQualType::VendorExtQualType() . ◆  Node() [2/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Cache RHSComponentCache_ , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 226 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , Node() , and Primary . ◆  ~Node() virtual Node::~Node ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  dump() DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void Node::dump ( ) const References DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD . Referenced by llvm::DAGTypeLegalizer::run() , and llvm::RISCVDAGToDAGISel::Select() . ◆  getArrayCache() Cache Node::getArrayCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 262 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getBaseName() virtual std::string_view Node::getBaseName ( ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in AbiTagAttr , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , GlobalQualifiedName , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , QualifiedName , and SpecialSubstitution . Definition at line 299 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  getFunctionCache() Cache Node::getFunctionCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 263 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getKind() Kind Node::getKind ( ) const inline Definition at line 258 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseCtorDtorName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseNestedName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateArgs() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParam() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseUnscopedName() , NodeArray::printAsString() , and llvm::msgpack::Document::writeToBlob() . ◆  getPrecedence() Prec Node::getPrecedence ( ) const inline Definition at line 260 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by ArraySubscriptExpr::match() , BinaryExpr::match() , CallExpr::match() , CastExpr::match() , ConditionalExpr::match() , ConversionExpr::match() , DeleteExpr::match() , EnclosingExpr::match() , MemberExpr::match() , NewExpr::match() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::match() , PostfixExpr::match() , PrefixExpr::match() , printAsOperand() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , and PrefixExpr::printLeft() . ◆  getRHSComponentCache() Cache Node::getRHSComponentCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 261 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , QualType::QualType() , and ReferenceType::ReferenceType() . ◆  getSyntaxNode() virtual const Node * Node::getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , and ParameterPack . Definition at line 271 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node() , and OutputBuffer . ◆  hasArray() bool Node::hasArray ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 246 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , hasArraySlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasArraySlow() virtual bool Node::hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 266 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasArray() . ◆  hasFunction() bool Node::hasFunction ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 252 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache , hasFunctionSlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasFunctionSlow() virtual bool Node::hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 267 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasFunction() . ◆  hasRHSComponent() bool Node::hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 240 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , RHSComponentCache , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasRHSComponentSlow() virtual bool Node::hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , QualType , and ReferenceType . Definition at line 265 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasRHSComponent() . ◆  print() void Node::print ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 286 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , OutputBuffer , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by llvm::ItaniumPartialDemangler::getFunctionDeclContextName() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< AADepGraph * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< const MachineFunction * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::itaniumDemangle() , printAsOperand() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , and printNode() . ◆  printAsOperand() void Node::printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer & OB , Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse = false  ) const inline Definition at line 275 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Default , getPrecedence() , OutputBuffer , P , and print() . Referenced by llvm::DOTGraphTraits< DOTFuncInfo * >::getBBName() , getSimpleNodeName() , llvm::operator<<() , llvm::VPIRMetadata::print() , and llvm::SimpleNodeLabelString() . ◆  printInitListAsType() virtual bool Node::printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer & , const NodeArray &  ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType . Definition at line 295 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . ◆  visit() template<typename Fn> void Node::visit ( Fn F ) const Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. Visit the node. Calls F(P) , where P is the node cast to the appropriate derived class. Definition at line 2639 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , and F . Friends And Related Symbol Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer friend class OutputBuffer friend Definition at line 309 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , hasArray() , ArrayType::hasArraySlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasArraySlow() , hasArraySlow() , ParameterPack::hasArraySlow() , QualType::hasArraySlow() , hasFunction() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasFunctionSlow() , ParameterPack::hasFunctionSlow() , QualType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasRHSComponent() , ArrayType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , hasRHSComponentSlow() , ParameterPack::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerToMemberType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , QualType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ReferenceType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , print() , printAsOperand() , ClosureTypeName::printDeclarator() , ArrayType::printInitListAsType() , printInitListAsType() , AbiTagAttr::printLeft() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , ArrayType::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , BinaryFPType::printLeft() , BitIntType::printLeft() , BoolExpr::printLeft() , BracedExpr::printLeft() , BracedRangeExpr::printLeft() , CallExpr::printLeft() , CastExpr::printLeft() , ClosureTypeName::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ConversionExpr::printLeft() , ConversionOperatorType::printLeft() , CtorDtorName::printLeft() , CtorVtableSpecialName::printLeft() , DeleteExpr::printLeft() , DotSuffix::printLeft() , DtorName::printLeft() , DynamicExceptionSpec::printLeft() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::printLeft() , EnableIfAttr::printLeft() , EnclosingExpr::printLeft() , EnumLiteral::printLeft() , ExplicitObjectParameter::printLeft() , ExprRequirement::printLeft() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::printLeft() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , ForwardTemplateReference::printLeft() , FunctionEncoding::printLeft() , FunctionParam::printLeft() , FunctionType::printLeft() , GlobalQualifiedName::printLeft() , InitListExpr::printLeft() , IntegerLiteral::printLeft() , LambdaExpr::printLeft() , LiteralOperator::printLeft() , LocalName::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , MemberLikeFriendName::printLeft() , ModuleEntity::printLeft() , ModuleName::printLeft() , NameType::printLeft() , NameWithTemplateArgs::printLeft() , NestedName::printLeft() , NestedRequirement::printLeft() , NewExpr::printLeft() , NodeArrayNode::printLeft() , NoexceptSpec::printLeft() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ObjCProtoName::printLeft() , ParameterPack::printLeft() , ParameterPackExpansion::printLeft() , PixelVectorType::printLeft() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::printLeft() , PointerToMemberType::printLeft() , PointerType::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , PostfixQualifiedType::printLeft() , PrefixExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::printLeft() , QualType::printLeft() , ReferenceType::printLeft() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , SizeofParamPackExpr::printLeft() , SpecialName::printLeft() , SpecialSubstitution::printLeft() , StringLiteral::printLeft() , StructuredBindingName::printLeft() , SubobjectExpr::printLeft() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::printLeft() , TemplateArgs::printLeft() , TemplateArgumentPack::printLeft() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printLeft() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::printLeft() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ThrowExpr::printLeft() , TransformedType::printLeft() , TypeRequirement::printLeft() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , UnnamedTypeName::printLeft() , VectorType::printLeft() , VendorExtQualType::printLeft() , QualType::printQuals() , ArrayType::printRight() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ForwardTemplateReference::printRight() , FunctionEncoding::printRight() , FunctionType::printRight() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ParameterPack::printRight() , PointerToMemberType::printRight() , PointerType::printRight() , QualType::printRight() , ReferenceType::printRight() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printRight() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , and TypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() . Member Data Documentation ◆  ArrayCache Cache Node::ArrayCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 214 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getArrayCache() , hasArray() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  FunctionCache Cache Node::FunctionCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 218 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getFunctionCache() , hasFunction() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  RHSComponentCache Cache Node::RHSComponentCache protected Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Definition at line 210 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getRHSComponentCache() , hasRHSComponent() , Node() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , and print() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
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https://www.php.net/manual/it/function.crc32.php	PHP: crc32 - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box crypt » « count_chars Manuale PHP Guida Funzioni Elaborazione testo Strings String Funzioni Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other crc32 (PHP 4 >= 4.0.1, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) crc32 — Calcola il crc32 polinomiale di una stringa Descrizione crc32 ( string $str ): int La funzione calcola il checksum lungo 32 bit della stringa str . Solitamente questo viene utilizzato per validare i dati trasmessi. Poiché il tipo intero del PHP è segnato, è diversi checksum crc32 hanno risultati negativi, occorre utilizzare il formato "%u" di sprintf() o di printf() per ottenere una rappresentazione stringa di un checksum crc32 privo di segno. Questo secondo esempio mostra come visualizzare un checksum convertito con la funzione printf() : Example #1 Visualizzazione di un checksum crc32 <?php $checksum = crc32 ( "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog." ); printf ( "%u\n" , $checksum ); ?> Vedere anche md5() e sha1() . Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes 22 notes up down 24 jian at theorchard dot com ¶ 15 years ago This function returns an unsigned integer from a 64-bit Linux platform. It does return the signed integer from other 32-bit platforms even a 64-bit Windows one. The reason is because the two constants PHP_INT_SIZE and PHP_INT_MAX have different values on the 64-bit Linux platform. I've created a work-around function to handle this situation. <?php function get_signed_int ( $in ) { $int_max = pow ( 2 , 31 )- 1 ; if ( $in > $int_max ){ $out = $in - $int_max * 2 - 2 ; } else { $out = $in ; } return $out ; } ?> Hope this helps. up down 12 i at morfi dot ru ¶ 12 years ago Implementation crc64() in php 64bit <?php /** * @return array / function crc64Table () { $crc64tab = []; // ECMA polynomial $poly64rev = ( 0xC96C5795 << 32 ) \| 0xD7870F42 ; // ISO polynomial // $poly64rev = (0xD8 << 56); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { for ( $part = $i , $bit = 0 ; $bit < 8 ; $bit ++) { if ( $part & 1 ) { $part = (( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 )) ^ $poly64rev ; } else { $part = ( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 ); } } $crc64tab [ $i ] = $part ; } return $crc64tab ; } /* * @param string $string * @param string $format * @return mixed * * Formats: * crc64('php'); // afe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%x'); // 0xafe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%X'); // 0xAFE4E823E7CEF190 * crc64('php', '%d'); // -5772233581471534704 signed int * crc64('php', '%u'); // 12674510492238016912 unsigned int / function crc64 ( $string , $format = '%x' ) { static $crc64tab ; if ( $crc64tab === null ) { $crc64tab = crc64Table (); } $crc = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $string ); $i ++) { $crc = $crc64tab [( $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $i ])) & 0xff ] ^ (( $crc >> 8 ) & ~( 0xff << 56 )); } return sprintf ( $format , $crc ); } up down 10 JS at JavsSys dot Org ¶ 12 years ago The khash() function by sukitsupaluk has two problems, it does not use all 62 characters from the $map set and when corrected it then produces different results on 64-bit compared to 32-bit PHP systems. Here is my modified version : <?php /* * Small sample convert crc32 to character map * Based upon http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.crc32.php#105703 * (Modified to now use all characters from $map) * (Modified to be 32-bit PHP safe) / function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = bcadd ( sprintf ( '%u' , crc32 ( $data )) , 0x100000000 ); $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ bcmod ( $hash , 62 ) ] . $str ; $hash = bcdiv ( $hash , 62 ); } while ( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $test = array( null , true , false , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" , "248840027" , "1365848013" , // time() "9223372035488927794" , // PHP_INT_MAX-time() "901131979" , // mt_rand() "Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" // gmdate('r') ); $out = array(); foreach ( $test as $s ) { $out [] = khash ( $s ) . ": " . $s ; } print "<h3>khash() -- maps a crc32 result into a (62-character) result</h3>" ; print '<pre>' ; var_dump ( $out ); print "\n\n\$GLOBALS['raw_crc32']:\n" ; var_dump ( $GLOBALS [ 'raw_crc32' ]); print '</pre><hr>' ; flush (); $pefile = __FILE__ ; print "<h3> $pefile </h3>" ; ob_end_flush (); flush (); highlight_file ( $pefile ); print "<hr>" ; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- / CURRENT output array(19) { [0]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [1]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [2]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [3]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [4]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [5]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [6]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [7]=> string(9) "5b8iNn: 2" [8]=> string(9) "6HmfFN: 3" [9]=> string(10) "7ADPD7: ab" [10]=> string(11) "5F0aUq: abc" [11]=> string(12) "92kWw9: abcd" [12]=> string(13) "78hcpf: abcde" [13]=> string(16) "9eBVPB: abcdefoo" [14]=> string(17) "5TjOuZ: 248840027" [15]=> string(18) "5eNliI: 1365848013" [16]=> string(27) "4Q00e5: 9223372035488927794" [17]=> string(17) "6DUX8V: 901131979" [18]=> string(39) "5i2aOW: Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" } / //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?> up down 10 Bulk at bulksplace dot com ¶ 20 years ago A faster way I've found to return CRC values of larger files, is instead of using the file()/implode() method used below, is to us file_get_contents() (PHP 4 >= 4.3.0) which uses memory mapping techniques if supported by your OS to enhance performance. Here's my example function: <?php // $file is the path to the file you want to check. function file_crc ( $file ) { $file_string = file_get_contents ( $file ); $crc = crc32 ( $file_string ); return sprintf ( "%u" , $crc ); } $file_to_crc = / home / path / to / file . jpg ; echo file_crc ( $file_to_crc ); // Outputs CRC value for given file. ?> I've found in testing this method is MUCH faster for larger binary files. up down 8 slimshady451 ¶ 18 years ago I see a lot of function for crc32_file, but for php version >= 5.1.2 don't forget you can use this : <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { return hash_file ( 'CRC32' , $filename , FALSE ); } ?> Using crc32(file_get_contents($filename)) will use too many memory on big file so don't use it. up down 6 same ¶ 21 years ago bit by bit crc32 computation <?php function bitbybit_crc32 ( $str , $first_call = false ){ //reflection in 32 bits of crc32 polynomial 0x04C11DB7 $poly_reflected = 0xEDB88320 ; //=0xFFFFFFFF; //keep track of register value after each call static $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; //initialize register on first call if( $first_call ) $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; $n = strlen ( $str ); $zeros = $n < 4 ? $n : 4 ; //xor first $zeros=min(4,strlen($str)) bytes into the register for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros ; $i ++) $reg ^= ord ( $str { $i })<< $i 8 ; //now for the rest of the string for( $i = 4 ; $i < $n ; $i ++){ $next_char = ord ( $str { $i }); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) $reg =(( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )\|( $next_char >> $j & 1 )<< 0x1F ) ^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; } //put in enough zeros at the end for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros * 8 ; $i ++) $reg =( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; //xor the register with 0xFFFFFFFF return ~ $reg ; } $str = "123456789" ; //whatever $blocksize = 4 ; //whatever for( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $str ); $i += $blocksize ) $crc = bitbybit_crc32 ( substr ( $str , $i , $blocksize ),! $i ); ?> up down 5 dave at jufer dot info ¶ 18 years ago This function returns the same int value on a 64 bit mc. like the crc32() function on a 32 bit mc. <?php function crcKw ( $num ){ $crc = crc32 ( $num ); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> up down 3 Clifford dot ct at gmail dot com ¶ 13 years ago The crc32() function can return a signed integer in certain environments. Assuming that it will always return an unsigned integer is not portable. Depending on your desired behavior, you should probably use sprintf() on the result or the generic hash() instead. Also note that integer arithmetic operators do not have the precision to work correctly with the integer output. up down 3 alban dot lopez+php [ at ] gmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago I made this code to verify Transmition with Vantage Pro2 ( weather station ) based on CRC16-CCITT standard. <?php // CRC16-CCITT validator $crc_table = array( 0x0 , 0x1021 , 0x2042 , 0x3063 , 0x4084 , 0x50a5 , 0x60c6 , 0x70e7 , 0x8108 , 0x9129 , 0xa14a , 0xb16b , 0xc18c , 0xd1ad , 0xe1ce , 0xf1ef , 0x1231 , 0x210 , 0x3273 , 0x2252 , 0x52b5 , 0x4294 , 0x72f7 , 0x62d6 , 0x9339 , 0x8318 , 0xb37b , 0xa35a , 0xd3bd , 0xc39c , 0xf3ff , 0xe3de , 0x2462 , 0x3443 , 0x420 , 0x1401 , 0x64e6 , 0x74c7 , 0x44a4 , 0x5485 , 0xa56a , 0xb54b , 0x8528 , 0x9509 , 0xe5ee , 0xf5cf , 0xc5ac , 0xd58d , 0x3653 , 0x2672 , 0x1611 , 0x630 , 0x76d7 , 0x66f6 , 0x5695 , 0x46b4 , 0xb75b , 0xa77a , 0x9719 , 0x8738 , 0xf7df , 0xe7fe , 0xd79d , 0xc7bc , 0x48c4 , 0x58e5 , 0x6886 , 0x78a7 , 0x840 , 0x1861 , 0x2802 , 0x3823 , 0xc9cc , 0xd9ed , 0xe98e , 0xf9af , 0x8948 , 0x9969 , 0xa90a , 0xb92b , 0x5af5 , 0x4ad4 , 0x7ab7 , 0x6a96 , 0x1a71 , 0xa50 , 0x3a33 , 0x2a12 , 0xdbfd , 0xcbdc , 0xfbbf , 0xeb9e , 0x9b79 , 0x8b58 , 0xbb3b , 0xab1a , 0x6ca6 , 0x7c87 , 0x4ce4 , 0x5cc5 , 0x2c22 , 0x3c03 , 0xc60 , 0x1c41 , 0xedae , 0xfd8f , 0xcdec , 0xddcd , 0xad2a , 0xbd0b , 0x8d68 , 0x9d49 , 0x7e97 , 0x6eb6 , 0x5ed5 , 0x4ef4 , 0x3e13 , 0x2e32 , 0x1e51 , 0xe70 , 0xff9f , 0xefbe , 0xdfdd , 0xcffc , 0xbf1b , 0xaf3a , 0x9f59 , 0x8f78 , 0x9188 , 0x81a9 , 0xb1ca , 0xa1eb , 0xd10c , 0xc12d , 0xf14e , 0xe16f , 0x1080 , 0xa1 , 0x30c2 , 0x20e3 , 0x5004 , 0x4025 , 0x7046 , 0x6067 , 0x83b9 , 0x9398 , 0xa3fb , 0xb3da , 0xc33d , 0xd31c , 0xe37f , 0xf35e , 0x2b1 , 0x1290 , 0x22f3 , 0x32d2 , 0x4235 , 0x5214 , 0x6277 , 0x7256 , 0xb5ea , 0xa5cb , 0x95a8 , 0x8589 , 0xf56e , 0xe54f , 0xd52c , 0xc50d , 0x34e2 , 0x24c3 , 0x14a0 , 0x481 , 0x7466 , 0x6447 , 0x5424 , 0x4405 , 0xa7db , 0xb7fa , 0x8799 , 0x97b8 , 0xe75f , 0xf77e , 0xc71d , 0xd73c , 0x26d3 , 0x36f2 , 0x691 , 0x16b0 , 0x6657 , 0x7676 , 0x4615 , 0x5634 , 0xd94c , 0xc96d , 0xf90e , 0xe92f , 0x99c8 , 0x89e9 , 0xb98a , 0xa9ab , 0x5844 , 0x4865 , 0x7806 , 0x6827 , 0x18c0 , 0x8e1 , 0x3882 , 0x28a3 , 0xcb7d , 0xdb5c , 0xeb3f , 0xfb1e , 0x8bf9 , 0x9bd8 , 0xabbb , 0xbb9a , 0x4a75 , 0x5a54 , 0x6a37 , 0x7a16 , 0xaf1 , 0x1ad0 , 0x2ab3 , 0x3a92 , 0xfd2e , 0xed0f , 0xdd6c , 0xcd4d , 0xbdaa , 0xad8b , 0x9de8 , 0x8dc9 , 0x7c26 , 0x6c07 , 0x5c64 , 0x4c45 , 0x3ca2 , 0x2c83 , 0x1ce0 , 0xcc1 , 0xef1f , 0xff3e , 0xcf5d , 0xdf7c , 0xaf9b , 0xbfba , 0x8fd9 , 0x9ff8 , 0x6e17 , 0x7e36 , 0x4e55 , 0x5e74 , 0x2e93 , 0x3eb2 , 0xed1 , 0x1ef0 ); $test = chr ( 0xC6 ). chr ( 0xCE ). chr ( 0xA2 ). chr ( 0x03 ); // CRC16-CCITT = 0xE2B4 genCRC ( $test ); function genCRC (& $ptr ) { $crc = 0x0000 ; $crc_table = $GLOBALS [ 'crc_table' ]; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $ptr ); $i ++) $crc = $crc_table [(( $crc >> 8 ) ^ ord ( $ptr [ $i ]))] ^ (( $crc << 8 ) & 0x00FFFF ); return $crc ; } ?> up down 4 roberto at spadim dot com dot br ¶ 19 years ago MODBUS RTU, CRC16, input-> modbus rtu string output -> 2bytes string, in correct modbus order <?php function crc16 ( $string , $length = 0 ){ $auchCRCHi =array( 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 ); $auchCRCLo =array( 0x00 , 0xC0 , 0xC1 , 0x01 , 0xC3 , 0x03 , 0x02 , 0xC2 , 0xC6 , 0x06 , 0x07 , 0xC7 , 0x05 , 0xC5 , 0xC4 , 0x04 , 0xCC , 0x0C , 0x0D , 0xCD , 0x0F , 0xCF , 0xCE , 0x0E , 0x0A , 0xCA , 0xCB , 0x0B , 0xC9 , 0x09 , 0x08 , 0xC8 , 0xD8 , 0x18 , 0x19 , 0xD9 , 0x1B , 0xDB , 0xDA , 0x1A , 0x1E , 0xDE , 0xDF , 0x1F , 0xDD , 0x1D , 0x1C , 0xDC , 0x14 , 0xD4 , 0xD5 , 0x15 , 0xD7 , 0x17 , 0x16 , 0xD6 , 0xD2 , 0x12 , 0x13 , 0xD3 , 0x11 , 0xD1 , 0xD0 , 0x10 , 0xF0 , 0x30 , 0x31 , 0xF1 , 0x33 , 0xF3 , 0xF2 , 0x32 , 0x36 , 0xF6 , 0xF7 , 0x37 , 0xF5 , 0x35 , 0x34 , 0xF4 , 0x3C , 0xFC , 0xFD , 0x3D , 0xFF , 0x3F , 0x3E , 0xFE , 0xFA , 0x3A , 0x3B , 0xFB , 0x39 , 0xF9 , 0xF8 , 0x38 , 0x28 , 0xE8 , 0xE9 , 0x29 , 0xEB , 0x2B , 0x2A , 0xEA , 0xEE , 0x2E , 0x2F , 0xEF , 0x2D , 0xED , 0xEC , 0x2C , 0xE4 , 0x24 , 0x25 , 0xE5 , 0x27 , 0xE7 , 0xE6 , 0x26 , 0x22 , 0xE2 , 0xE3 , 0x23 , 0xE1 , 0x21 , 0x20 , 0xE0 , 0xA0 , 0x60 , 0x61 , 0xA1 , 0x63 , 0xA3 , 0xA2 , 0x62 , 0x66 , 0xA6 , 0xA7 , 0x67 , 0xA5 , 0x65 , 0x64 , 0xA4 , 0x6C , 0xAC , 0xAD , 0x6D , 0xAF , 0x6F , 0x6E , 0xAE , 0xAA , 0x6A , 0x6B , 0xAB , 0x69 , 0xA9 , 0xA8 , 0x68 , 0x78 , 0xB8 , 0xB9 , 0x79 , 0xBB , 0x7B , 0x7A , 0xBA , 0xBE , 0x7E , 0x7F , 0xBF , 0x7D , 0xBD , 0xBC , 0x7C , 0xB4 , 0x74 , 0x75 , 0xB5 , 0x77 , 0xB7 , 0xB6 , 0x76 , 0x72 , 0xB2 , 0xB3 , 0x73 , 0xB1 , 0x71 , 0x70 , 0xB0 , 0x50 , 0x90 , 0x91 , 0x51 , 0x93 , 0x53 , 0x52 , 0x92 , 0x96 , 0x56 , 0x57 , 0x97 , 0x55 , 0x95 , 0x94 , 0x54 , 0x9C , 0x5C , 0x5D , 0x9D , 0x5F , 0x9F , 0x9E , 0x5E , 0x5A , 0x9A , 0x9B , 0x5B , 0x99 , 0x59 , 0x58 , 0x98 , 0x88 , 0x48 , 0x49 , 0x89 , 0x4B , 0x8B , 0x8A , 0x4A , 0x4E , 0x8E , 0x8F , 0x4F , 0x8D , 0x4D , 0x4C , 0x8C , 0x44 , 0x84 , 0x85 , 0x45 , 0x87 , 0x47 , 0x46 , 0x86 , 0x82 , 0x42 , 0x43 , 0x83 , 0x41 , 0x81 , 0x80 , 0x40 ); $length =( $length <= 0 ? strlen ( $string ): $length ); $uchCRCHi = 0xFF ; $uchCRCLo = 0xFF ; $uIndex = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $length ; $i ++){ $uIndex = $uchCRCLo ^ ord ( substr ( $string , $i , 1 )); $uchCRCLo = $uchCRCHi ^ $auchCRCHi [ $uIndex ]; $uchCRCHi = $auchCRCLo [ $uIndex ] ; } return( chr ( $uchCRCLo ). chr ( $uchCRCHi )); } ?> up down 2 arachnid at notdot dot net ¶ 21 years ago Note that the CRC32 algorithm should NOT be used for cryptographic purposes, or in situations where a hostile/untrusted user is involved, as it is far too easy to generate a hash collision for CRC32 (two different binary strings that have the same CRC32 hash). Instead consider SHA-1 or MD5. up down 2 sukitsupaluk at hotmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago small sample convert crc32 to character map <?php function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = crc32 ( $data )+ 0x100000000 ; $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ 31 + ( $hash % 31 )] . $str ; $hash /= 31 ; } while( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } $test = array( null , TRUE , FALSE , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" ); $out = array(); foreach( $test as $s ) { $out []= khash ( $s ). ": " . $s ; } var_dump ( $out ); /* output: array 0 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 1 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 2 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 3 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 4 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 5 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 6 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 7 => string 'AFSzIAO: 2' (length=10) 8 => string 'BXGSvQJ: 3' (length=10) 9 => string 'xZWOQSu: ab' (length=11) 10 => string 'AVAwHOR: abc' (length=12) 11 => string 'zKASNE1: abcd' (length=13) 12 => string 'xLCTOV7: abcde' (length=14) 13 => string 'zQLzKMt: abcdefoo' (length=17) / ?> up down 1 chernyshevsky at hotmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago The crc32_combine() function provided by petteri at qred dot fi has a bug that causes an infinite loop, a shift operation on a 32-bit signed int might never reach zero. Replacing the function gf2_matrix_times() with the following seems to fix it: <?php function gf2_matrix_times ( $mat , $vec ) { $sum = 0 ; $i = 0 ; while ( $vec ) { if ( $vec & 1 ) { $sum ^= $mat [ $i ]; } $vec = ( $vec >> 1 ) & 0x7FFFFFFF ; $i ++; } return $sum ; } ?> Otherwise, it's probably the best solution if you can't use hash_file(). Using a 1meg read buffer, the function only takes twice as long to process a 300meg files than hash_file() in my test. up down 1 berna (at) gensis (dot) com (dot) br ¶ 16 years ago For those who want a more familiar return value for the function: <?php function strcrc32 ( $text ) { $crc = crc32 ( $text ); if ( $crc & 0x80000000 ) { $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> And to show the result in Hex string: <?php function int32_to_hex ( $value ) { $value &= 0xffffffff ; return str_pad ( strtoupper ( dechex ( $value )), 8 , "0" , STR_PAD_LEFT ); } ?> up down 1 arris at zsolttech dot com ¶ 14 years ago not found anywhere crc64 based on http://bioinfadmin.cs.ucl.ac.uk/downloads/crc64/crc64.c . (use gmp module) <?php / OLDCRC / define ( 'POLY64REV' , "d800000000000000" ); define ( 'INITIALCRC' , "0000000000000000" ); define ( 'TABLELEN' , 256 ); / NEWCRC / // define('POLY64REV', "95AC9329AC4BC9B5"); // define('INITIALCRC', "FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF"); if( function_exists ( 'gmp_init' )){ class CRC64 { private static $CRCTable = array(); public static function encode ( $seq ){ $crc = gmp_init ( INITIALCRC , 16 ); $init = FALSE ; $poly64rev = gmp_init ( POLY64REV , 16 ); if (! $init ) { $init = TRUE ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < TABLELEN ; $i ++) { $part = gmp_init ( $i , 10 ); for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( gmp_strval ( gmp_and ( $part , "0x1" )) != "0" ){ // if (gmp_testbit($part, 1)){ / PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, untested / $part = gmp_xor ( gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ), $poly64rev ); } else { $part = gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ); } } self :: $CRCTable [ $i ] = $part ; } } for( $k = 0 ; $k < strlen ( $seq ); $k ++){ $tmp_gmp_val = gmp_init ( ord ( $seq [ $k ]), 10 ); $tableindex = gmp_xor ( gmp_and ( $crc , "0xff" ), $tmp_gmp_val ); $crc = gmp_div_q ( $crc , "256" ); $crc = gmp_xor ( $crc , self :: $CRCTable [ gmp_strval ( $tableindex , 10 )]); } $res = gmp_strval ( $crc , 16 ); return $res ; } } } else { die( "Please install php-gmp package!!!" ); } ?> up down 1 quix at free dot fr ¶ 22 years ago I needed the crc32 of a file that was pretty large, so I didn't want to read it into memory. So I made this: <?php $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ]=array(); // Lookup table array __crc32_init_table (); function __crc32_init_table () { // Builds lookup table array // This is the official polynomial used by // CRC-32 in PKZip, WinZip and Ethernet. $polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; // 256 values representing ASCII character codes. for( $i = 0 ; $i <= 0xFF ;++ $i ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=( __crc32_reflect ( $i , 8 ) << 24 ); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ;++ $j ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=(( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] << 1 ) ^ (( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] & ( 1 << 31 ))? $polynomial : 0 )); } $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] = __crc32_reflect ( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ], 32 ); } } function __crc32_reflect ( $ref , $ch ) { // Reflects CRC bits in the lookup table $value = 0 ; // Swap bit 0 for bit 7, bit 1 for bit 6, etc. for( $i = 1 ; $i <( $ch + 1 );++ $i ) { if( $ref & 1 ) $value \|= ( 1 << ( $ch - $i )); $ref = (( $ref >> 1 ) & 0x7fffffff ); } return $value ; } function __crc32_string ( $text ) { // Creates a CRC from a text string // Once the lookup table has been filled in by the two functions above, // this function creates all CRCs using only the lookup table. // You need unsigned variables because negative values // introduce high bits where zero bits are required. // PHP doesn't have unsigned integers: // I've solved this problem by doing a '&' after a '>>'. // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; $len = strlen ( $text ); // Perform the algorithm on each character in the string, // using the lookup table values. for( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ;++ $i ) { $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $text { $i })]; } // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } function __crc32_file ( $name ) { // Creates a CRC from a file // Info: look at __crc32_string // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; if(( $fp = fopen ( $name , 'rb' ))=== false ) return false ; // Perform the algorithm on each character in file for(;;) { $i =@ fread ( $fp , 1 ); if( strlen ( $i )== 0 ) break; $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $i )]; } @ fclose ( $fp ); // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> up down 1 spectrumizer at cycos dot net ¶ 23 years ago Here is a tested and working CRC16-Algorithm: <?php function crc16 ( $string ) { $crc = 0xFFFF ; for ( $x = 0 ; $x < strlen ( $string ); $x ++) { $crc = $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $x ]); for ( $y = 0 ; $y < 8 ; $y ++) { if (( $crc & 0x0001 ) == 0x0001 ) { $crc = (( $crc >> 1 ) ^ 0xA001 ); } else { $crc = $crc >> 1 ; } } } return $crc ; } ?> Regards, Mario up down 1 Ren ¶ 18 years ago Dealing with 32 bit unsigned values overflowing 32 bit php signed values can be done by adding 0x10000000 to any unexpected negative result, rather than using sprintf. $i = crc32('1'); printf("%u\n", $i); if (0 > $i) { // Implicitly casts i as float, and corrects this sign. $i += 0x100000000; } var_dump($i); Outputs: 2212294583 float(2212294583) up down 0 dotg at mail dot ru ¶ 9 years ago crc32() on php 32bit and 64 bit not equal in some values i use abs for result in positive for 32 bit not equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 1 )); ?> 64 bit 2212294583 32 bit 2082672713 equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 3 )); ?> 64 bit 1842515611 32 bit 1842515611 up down 0 toggio at writeme dot com ¶ 9 years ago A faster implementation of modbus CRC16 function crc16($data) { $crc = 0xFFFF; for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($data); $i++) { $crc ^=ord($data[$i]); for ($j = 8; $j !=0; $j--) { if (($crc & 0x0001) !=0) { $crc >>= 1; $crc ^= 0xA001; } else $crc >>= 1; } } return $crc; } up down -1 mail at tristansmis dot nl ¶ 18 years ago I used the abs value of this function on a 32-bit system. When porting the code to a 64-bit system I’ve found that the value is different. The following code has the same outcome on both systems. <?php $crc = abs ( crc32 ( $string )); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; } / Old solution * $crc = abs(crc32($string)) */ ?> up down -2 gabri dot ns at gmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago if you are looking for a fast function to hash a file, take a look at http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.hash-file.php this is crc32 file checker based on a CRC32 guide it have performance at ~ 625 KB/s on my 2.2GHz Turion far slower than hash_file('crc32b','filename.ext') <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { $f = @ fopen ( $filename , 'rb' ); if (! $f ) return false ; static $CRC32Table , $Reflect8Table ; if (!isset( $CRC32Table )) { $Polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; $topBit = 1 << 31 ; for( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { $remainder = $i << 24 ; for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( $remainder & $topBit ) $remainder = ( $remainder << 1 ) ^ $Polynomial ; else $remainder = $remainder << 1 ; } $CRC32Table [ $i ] = $remainder ; if (isset( $Reflect8Table [ $i ])) continue; $str = str_pad ( decbin ( $i ), 8 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $num = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); $Reflect8Table [ $i ] = $num ; $Reflect8Table [ $num ] = $i ; } } $remainder = 0xffffffff ; while ( $data = fread ( $f , 1024 )) { $len = strlen ( $data ); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ; $i ++) { $byte = $Reflect8Table [ ord ( $data [ $i ])]; $index = (( $remainder >> 24 ) & 0xff ) ^ $byte ; $crc = $CRC32Table [ $index ]; $remainder = ( $remainder << 8 ) ^ $crc ; } } $str = decbin ( $remainder ); $str = str_pad ( $str , 32 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $remainder = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); return $remainder ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> <?php $a = microtime (); echo dechex ( crc32_file ( 'filename.ext' )). "\n" ; $b = microtime (); echo array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $b )) - array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $a )). "\n" ; ?> Output: ec7369fe 2.384134054184 (or similiar) ＋ add a note String Funzioni addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://safecode.org/our-history/	Our History - SAFECode Skip to content Search for: About Our Work Our Leadership Our History Press Principles Resource Centers Secure Development Practices Training and Culture Development Managing a Software Security Program Software Security for Buyers and Government Publications A-Z Training About SAFECode Training Training Program FAQ Login & Registration Profile Download Trainings Blog Membership Join SAFECode Our Members For Members Search for: Our History Our History Scott Licata 2020-06-19T17:14:14-04:00 In October 2007, a group of leading technology providers came together to address the increasing concerns over the security of commercial technology products. While individual companies were actively implementing effective methods for developing and delivering more secure and reliable software, there was no coordinated, industry-led effort to identify, improve and communicate software security practices to promote software security across the technology ecosystem. To fill this critical gap and foster software security collaboration among technology providers, they created SAFECode (formerly known as the Software Assurance Forum for Excellence in Code). As a non-profit organization, SAFECode would bring together subject matter experts to identify and share proven software assurance practices, promote broader adoption of such practices into the cyber ecosystem, and drive clarity into vendor software assurance practices to empower customers and other key stakeholders to better manage risk. “Software assurance is a critical element of IT ecosystem security. By building on the positive work already done in this area by individual firms and encouraging broader adoption of proven best practices for the development and delivery of more secure technology products and services, SAFECode has a unique opportunity to significantly impact the overall security and reliability of the cyber infrastructure,” said Paul Kurtz, founding executive director of SAFECode. “With the support of its founding members, SAFECode will work to meet the growing demand for information and dialogue on software assurance and increase the trust in IT and communications products and services.” At its founding, SAFECode members included information and communications technology vendors with significant global business activity in IT technology products such as hardware, software and services who had demonstrated a commitment and dedicated resources to software assurance. Given the natural sensitivities around sharing security information, SAFECode devised a unique NDA-protected collaborative environment that enables more open information sharing among its members. While member collaboration was protected, the results of those efforts are shared with a broader community in an effort to support and promote secure development practices industrywide. SAFECode has since published a number of influential publications offering software security guidance, led by its flagship paper Fundamentals of Secure Software Development, which has been cited in numerous well-respected policy and technical papers in both the US and Europe. With the support of member Adobe, SAFECode was also able to provide the community with a number of free, professionally-produced security engineering training courses to help companies of all sizes create a software security training program for their product development and management teams. As the organization evolved, it added Associate Members to open SAFECode membership to smaller organizations and extend collaboration to a more diverse sampling of the technology companies, consultants and users that create, secure and use software. Today, these members make up a significant part of SAFECode’s technical working groups and contributors, playing a key role in the development of its technical guidance and industry publications. Its leadership has included some of the most recognized experts in cyber security, including Paul Kurtz, the late Howard Schmidt, and today, Steven Lipner, who is widely recognized in the technology community as the “Father of the SDL.” While SAFECode is neither a standards body nor a lobbying association, it is proud of the fact that its published guidance has been used to inform a number of prominent industry and government efforts to address software security over the past decade. As it looks toward the future, SAFECode is committed to continuing to bring business leaders and technical experts together to exchange insights and ideas on creating, improving and promoting scalable and effective software security programs. SAFECode remains dedicated to its belief that secure software development can only be achieved with an organizational commitment and the execution of a holistic assurance process, and that sharing information on that process and the practices it encompasses is the most effective way for software providers to help customers and other stakeholders manage application security risk. 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https://www.php.net/manual/ja/function.crc32.php	PHP: crc32 - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box crypt » « count_chars PHP マニュアル関数リファレンステキスト処理文字列 String 関数 Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other crc32 (PHP 4 >= 4.0.1, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) crc32 — 文字列の crc32 多項式計算を行う説明 crc32 ( string $string ): int string の 32 ビット長の CRC (cyclic redundancy checksum) チェックサムを生成します。これは通常、送信したデータの整合性を検証するために使用します。警告 PHP の整数型は符号付きで、多くの crc32 チェックサムは 32 ビットシステム上では負の整数になります。しかし、64 ビット環境では crc32() の結果はすべて正の整数となります。つまり、符号なしの crc32() チェックサムの文字列表記を十進形式で取得するには、 sprintf() もしくは printf() の "%u" フォーマッタを使う必要があります。チェックサムの十六進表記を取得するには、 sprintf() あるいは printf() の "%x" フォーマッタを使うか、あるいは変換関数 dechex() を使います。これらはいずれも、 crc32() の結果を符号なし整数に変換することも行います。 64 ビット環境でも、大きな戻り値に対して負の整数を返すことが検討されました。しかしその場合、負の整数には余計なオフセット 0xFFFFFFFF######## が付くので、十六進変換が壊れてしまいます。十六進表現は最もよく使われる形式なので、この処理が壊れないようにしました。 32 ビット環境から 64 ビット環境に移したときにほぼ 50% の確率で十進形式での比較が失敗してしまいますが、それよりも十六進表記のほうを優先したのです。今思えば、この関数が整数値を返すようにしたというのがまずい判断でした。最初から、 md5() のように十六進形式の文字列を直接返すようにしておけばよかったのでしょう。移植性を考慮した選択肢として、より汎用的な hash() を使う方法もあります。 hash("crc32b", $str) は str_pad(dechex(crc32($str)), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT) と同じ文字列を返します。パラメータ string データ。戻り値 string の crc32 チェックサムを整数値で返します。例例1 crc32 チェックサムの表示この例は printf() 関数を用いた変換後のチェックサムの表示方法を示しています。 <?php $checksum = crc32 ( "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog." ); printf ( "%u\n" , $checksum ); ?> 参考 hash() - ハッシュ値 (メッセージダイジェスト) を生成する md5() - 文字列のmd5ハッシュ値を計算する sha1() - 文字列の sha1 ハッシュを計算する Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes 22 notes up down 24 jian at theorchard dot com ¶ 15 years ago This function returns an unsigned integer from a 64-bit Linux platform. It does return the signed integer from other 32-bit platforms even a 64-bit Windows one. The reason is because the two constants PHP_INT_SIZE and PHP_INT_MAX have different values on the 64-bit Linux platform. I've created a work-around function to handle this situation. <?php function get_signed_int ( $in ) { $int_max = pow ( 2 , 31 )- 1 ; if ( $in > $int_max ){ $out = $in - $int_max * 2 - 2 ; } else { $out = $in ; } return $out ; } ?> Hope this helps. up down 12 i at morfi dot ru ¶ 12 years ago Implementation crc64() in php 64bit <?php /** * @return array / function crc64Table () { $crc64tab = []; // ECMA polynomial $poly64rev = ( 0xC96C5795 << 32 ) \| 0xD7870F42 ; // ISO polynomial // $poly64rev = (0xD8 << 56); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { for ( $part = $i , $bit = 0 ; $bit < 8 ; $bit ++) { if ( $part & 1 ) { $part = (( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 )) ^ $poly64rev ; } else { $part = ( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 ); } } $crc64tab [ $i ] = $part ; } return $crc64tab ; } /* * @param string $string * @param string $format * @return mixed * * Formats: * crc64('php'); // afe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%x'); // 0xafe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%X'); // 0xAFE4E823E7CEF190 * crc64('php', '%d'); // -5772233581471534704 signed int * crc64('php', '%u'); // 12674510492238016912 unsigned int / function crc64 ( $string , $format = '%x' ) { static $crc64tab ; if ( $crc64tab === null ) { $crc64tab = crc64Table (); } $crc = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $string ); $i ++) { $crc = $crc64tab [( $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $i ])) & 0xff ] ^ (( $crc >> 8 ) & ~( 0xff << 56 )); } return sprintf ( $format , $crc ); } up down 10 JS at JavsSys dot Org ¶ 12 years ago The khash() function by sukitsupaluk has two problems, it does not use all 62 characters from the $map set and when corrected it then produces different results on 64-bit compared to 32-bit PHP systems. Here is my modified version : <?php /* * Small sample convert crc32 to character map * Based upon http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.crc32.php#105703 * (Modified to now use all characters from $map) * (Modified to be 32-bit PHP safe) / function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = bcadd ( sprintf ( '%u' , crc32 ( $data )) , 0x100000000 ); $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ bcmod ( $hash , 62 ) ] . $str ; $hash = bcdiv ( $hash , 62 ); } while ( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $test = array( null , true , false , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" , "248840027" , "1365848013" , // time() "9223372035488927794" , // PHP_INT_MAX-time() "901131979" , // mt_rand() "Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" // gmdate('r') ); $out = array(); foreach ( $test as $s ) { $out [] = khash ( $s ) . ": " . $s ; } print "<h3>khash() -- maps a crc32 result into a (62-character) result</h3>" ; print '<pre>' ; var_dump ( $out ); print "\n\n\$GLOBALS['raw_crc32']:\n" ; var_dump ( $GLOBALS [ 'raw_crc32' ]); print '</pre><hr>' ; flush (); $pefile = __FILE__ ; print "<h3> $pefile </h3>" ; ob_end_flush (); flush (); highlight_file ( $pefile ); print "<hr>" ; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- / CURRENT output array(19) { [0]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [1]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [2]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [3]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [4]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [5]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [6]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [7]=> string(9) "5b8iNn: 2" [8]=> string(9) "6HmfFN: 3" [9]=> string(10) "7ADPD7: ab" [10]=> string(11) "5F0aUq: abc" [11]=> string(12) "92kWw9: abcd" [12]=> string(13) "78hcpf: abcde" [13]=> string(16) "9eBVPB: abcdefoo" [14]=> string(17) "5TjOuZ: 248840027" [15]=> string(18) "5eNliI: 1365848013" [16]=> string(27) "4Q00e5: 9223372035488927794" [17]=> string(17) "6DUX8V: 901131979" [18]=> string(39) "5i2aOW: Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" } / //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?> up down 10 Bulk at bulksplace dot com ¶ 20 years ago A faster way I've found to return CRC values of larger files, is instead of using the file()/implode() method used below, is to us file_get_contents() (PHP 4 >= 4.3.0) which uses memory mapping techniques if supported by your OS to enhance performance. Here's my example function: <?php // $file is the path to the file you want to check. function file_crc ( $file ) { $file_string = file_get_contents ( $file ); $crc = crc32 ( $file_string ); return sprintf ( "%u" , $crc ); } $file_to_crc = / home / path / to / file . jpg ; echo file_crc ( $file_to_crc ); // Outputs CRC value for given file. ?> I've found in testing this method is MUCH faster for larger binary files. up down 8 slimshady451 ¶ 18 years ago I see a lot of function for crc32_file, but for php version >= 5.1.2 don't forget you can use this : <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { return hash_file ( 'CRC32' , $filename , FALSE ); } ?> Using crc32(file_get_contents($filename)) will use too many memory on big file so don't use it. up down 6 same ¶ 21 years ago bit by bit crc32 computation <?php function bitbybit_crc32 ( $str , $first_call = false ){ //reflection in 32 bits of crc32 polynomial 0x04C11DB7 $poly_reflected = 0xEDB88320 ; //=0xFFFFFFFF; //keep track of register value after each call static $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; //initialize register on first call if( $first_call ) $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; $n = strlen ( $str ); $zeros = $n < 4 ? $n : 4 ; //xor first $zeros=min(4,strlen($str)) bytes into the register for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros ; $i ++) $reg ^= ord ( $str { $i })<< $i 8 ; //now for the rest of the string for( $i = 4 ; $i < $n ; $i ++){ $next_char = ord ( $str { $i }); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) $reg =(( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )\|( $next_char >> $j & 1 )<< 0x1F ) ^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; } //put in enough zeros at the end for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros * 8 ; $i ++) $reg =( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; //xor the register with 0xFFFFFFFF return ~ $reg ; } $str = "123456789" ; //whatever $blocksize = 4 ; //whatever for( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $str ); $i += $blocksize ) $crc = bitbybit_crc32 ( substr ( $str , $i , $blocksize ),! $i ); ?> up down 5 dave at jufer dot info ¶ 18 years ago This function returns the same int value on a 64 bit mc. like the crc32() function on a 32 bit mc. <?php function crcKw ( $num ){ $crc = crc32 ( $num ); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> up down 3 Clifford dot ct at gmail dot com ¶ 13 years ago The crc32() function can return a signed integer in certain environments. Assuming that it will always return an unsigned integer is not portable. Depending on your desired behavior, you should probably use sprintf() on the result or the generic hash() instead. Also note that integer arithmetic operators do not have the precision to work correctly with the integer output. up down 3 alban dot lopez+php [ at ] gmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago I made this code to verify Transmition with Vantage Pro2 ( weather station ) based on CRC16-CCITT standard. <?php // CRC16-CCITT validator $crc_table = array( 0x0 , 0x1021 , 0x2042 , 0x3063 , 0x4084 , 0x50a5 , 0x60c6 , 0x70e7 , 0x8108 , 0x9129 , 0xa14a , 0xb16b , 0xc18c , 0xd1ad , 0xe1ce , 0xf1ef , 0x1231 , 0x210 , 0x3273 , 0x2252 , 0x52b5 , 0x4294 , 0x72f7 , 0x62d6 , 0x9339 , 0x8318 , 0xb37b , 0xa35a , 0xd3bd , 0xc39c , 0xf3ff , 0xe3de , 0x2462 , 0x3443 , 0x420 , 0x1401 , 0x64e6 , 0x74c7 , 0x44a4 , 0x5485 , 0xa56a , 0xb54b , 0x8528 , 0x9509 , 0xe5ee , 0xf5cf , 0xc5ac , 0xd58d , 0x3653 , 0x2672 , 0x1611 , 0x630 , 0x76d7 , 0x66f6 , 0x5695 , 0x46b4 , 0xb75b , 0xa77a , 0x9719 , 0x8738 , 0xf7df , 0xe7fe , 0xd79d , 0xc7bc , 0x48c4 , 0x58e5 , 0x6886 , 0x78a7 , 0x840 , 0x1861 , 0x2802 , 0x3823 , 0xc9cc , 0xd9ed , 0xe98e , 0xf9af , 0x8948 , 0x9969 , 0xa90a , 0xb92b , 0x5af5 , 0x4ad4 , 0x7ab7 , 0x6a96 , 0x1a71 , 0xa50 , 0x3a33 , 0x2a12 , 0xdbfd , 0xcbdc , 0xfbbf , 0xeb9e , 0x9b79 , 0x8b58 , 0xbb3b , 0xab1a , 0x6ca6 , 0x7c87 , 0x4ce4 , 0x5cc5 , 0x2c22 , 0x3c03 , 0xc60 , 0x1c41 , 0xedae , 0xfd8f , 0xcdec , 0xddcd , 0xad2a , 0xbd0b , 0x8d68 , 0x9d49 , 0x7e97 , 0x6eb6 , 0x5ed5 , 0x4ef4 , 0x3e13 , 0x2e32 , 0x1e51 , 0xe70 , 0xff9f , 0xefbe , 0xdfdd , 0xcffc , 0xbf1b , 0xaf3a , 0x9f59 , 0x8f78 , 0x9188 , 0x81a9 , 0xb1ca , 0xa1eb , 0xd10c , 0xc12d , 0xf14e , 0xe16f , 0x1080 , 0xa1 , 0x30c2 , 0x20e3 , 0x5004 , 0x4025 , 0x7046 , 0x6067 , 0x83b9 , 0x9398 , 0xa3fb , 0xb3da , 0xc33d , 0xd31c , 0xe37f , 0xf35e , 0x2b1 , 0x1290 , 0x22f3 , 0x32d2 , 0x4235 , 0x5214 , 0x6277 , 0x7256 , 0xb5ea , 0xa5cb , 0x95a8 , 0x8589 , 0xf56e , 0xe54f , 0xd52c , 0xc50d , 0x34e2 , 0x24c3 , 0x14a0 , 0x481 , 0x7466 , 0x6447 , 0x5424 , 0x4405 , 0xa7db , 0xb7fa , 0x8799 , 0x97b8 , 0xe75f , 0xf77e , 0xc71d , 0xd73c , 0x26d3 , 0x36f2 , 0x691 , 0x16b0 , 0x6657 , 0x7676 , 0x4615 , 0x5634 , 0xd94c , 0xc96d , 0xf90e , 0xe92f , 0x99c8 , 0x89e9 , 0xb98a , 0xa9ab , 0x5844 , 0x4865 , 0x7806 , 0x6827 , 0x18c0 , 0x8e1 , 0x3882 , 0x28a3 , 0xcb7d , 0xdb5c , 0xeb3f , 0xfb1e , 0x8bf9 , 0x9bd8 , 0xabbb , 0xbb9a , 0x4a75 , 0x5a54 , 0x6a37 , 0x7a16 , 0xaf1 , 0x1ad0 , 0x2ab3 , 0x3a92 , 0xfd2e , 0xed0f , 0xdd6c , 0xcd4d , 0xbdaa , 0xad8b , 0x9de8 , 0x8dc9 , 0x7c26 , 0x6c07 , 0x5c64 , 0x4c45 , 0x3ca2 , 0x2c83 , 0x1ce0 , 0xcc1 , 0xef1f , 0xff3e , 0xcf5d , 0xdf7c , 0xaf9b , 0xbfba , 0x8fd9 , 0x9ff8 , 0x6e17 , 0x7e36 , 0x4e55 , 0x5e74 , 0x2e93 , 0x3eb2 , 0xed1 , 0x1ef0 ); $test = chr ( 0xC6 ). chr ( 0xCE ). chr ( 0xA2 ). chr ( 0x03 ); // CRC16-CCITT = 0xE2B4 genCRC ( $test ); function genCRC (& $ptr ) { $crc = 0x0000 ; $crc_table = $GLOBALS [ 'crc_table' ]; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $ptr ); $i ++) $crc = $crc_table [(( $crc >> 8 ) ^ ord ( $ptr [ $i ]))] ^ (( $crc << 8 ) & 0x00FFFF ); return $crc ; } ?> up down 4 roberto at spadim dot com dot br ¶ 19 years ago MODBUS RTU, CRC16, input-> modbus rtu string output -> 2bytes string, in correct modbus order <?php function crc16 ( $string , $length = 0 ){ $auchCRCHi =array( 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 ); $auchCRCLo =array( 0x00 , 0xC0 , 0xC1 , 0x01 , 0xC3 , 0x03 , 0x02 , 0xC2 , 0xC6 , 0x06 , 0x07 , 0xC7 , 0x05 , 0xC5 , 0xC4 , 0x04 , 0xCC , 0x0C , 0x0D , 0xCD , 0x0F , 0xCF , 0xCE , 0x0E , 0x0A , 0xCA , 0xCB , 0x0B , 0xC9 , 0x09 , 0x08 , 0xC8 , 0xD8 , 0x18 , 0x19 , 0xD9 , 0x1B , 0xDB , 0xDA , 0x1A , 0x1E , 0xDE , 0xDF , 0x1F , 0xDD , 0x1D , 0x1C , 0xDC , 0x14 , 0xD4 , 0xD5 , 0x15 , 0xD7 , 0x17 , 0x16 , 0xD6 , 0xD2 , 0x12 , 0x13 , 0xD3 , 0x11 , 0xD1 , 0xD0 , 0x10 , 0xF0 , 0x30 , 0x31 , 0xF1 , 0x33 , 0xF3 , 0xF2 , 0x32 , 0x36 , 0xF6 , 0xF7 , 0x37 , 0xF5 , 0x35 , 0x34 , 0xF4 , 0x3C , 0xFC , 0xFD , 0x3D , 0xFF , 0x3F , 0x3E , 0xFE , 0xFA , 0x3A , 0x3B , 0xFB , 0x39 , 0xF9 , 0xF8 , 0x38 , 0x28 , 0xE8 , 0xE9 , 0x29 , 0xEB , 0x2B , 0x2A , 0xEA , 0xEE , 0x2E , 0x2F , 0xEF , 0x2D , 0xED , 0xEC , 0x2C , 0xE4 , 0x24 , 0x25 , 0xE5 , 0x27 , 0xE7 , 0xE6 , 0x26 , 0x22 , 0xE2 , 0xE3 , 0x23 , 0xE1 , 0x21 , 0x20 , 0xE0 , 0xA0 , 0x60 , 0x61 , 0xA1 , 0x63 , 0xA3 , 0xA2 , 0x62 , 0x66 , 0xA6 , 0xA7 , 0x67 , 0xA5 , 0x65 , 0x64 , 0xA4 , 0x6C , 0xAC , 0xAD , 0x6D , 0xAF , 0x6F , 0x6E , 0xAE , 0xAA , 0x6A , 0x6B , 0xAB , 0x69 , 0xA9 , 0xA8 , 0x68 , 0x78 , 0xB8 , 0xB9 , 0x79 , 0xBB , 0x7B , 0x7A , 0xBA , 0xBE , 0x7E , 0x7F , 0xBF , 0x7D , 0xBD , 0xBC , 0x7C , 0xB4 , 0x74 , 0x75 , 0xB5 , 0x77 , 0xB7 , 0xB6 , 0x76 , 0x72 , 0xB2 , 0xB3 , 0x73 , 0xB1 , 0x71 , 0x70 , 0xB0 , 0x50 , 0x90 , 0x91 , 0x51 , 0x93 , 0x53 , 0x52 , 0x92 , 0x96 , 0x56 , 0x57 , 0x97 , 0x55 , 0x95 , 0x94 , 0x54 , 0x9C , 0x5C , 0x5D , 0x9D , 0x5F , 0x9F , 0x9E , 0x5E , 0x5A , 0x9A , 0x9B , 0x5B , 0x99 , 0x59 , 0x58 , 0x98 , 0x88 , 0x48 , 0x49 , 0x89 , 0x4B , 0x8B , 0x8A , 0x4A , 0x4E , 0x8E , 0x8F , 0x4F , 0x8D , 0x4D , 0x4C , 0x8C , 0x44 , 0x84 , 0x85 , 0x45 , 0x87 , 0x47 , 0x46 , 0x86 , 0x82 , 0x42 , 0x43 , 0x83 , 0x41 , 0x81 , 0x80 , 0x40 ); $length =( $length <= 0 ? strlen ( $string ): $length ); $uchCRCHi = 0xFF ; $uchCRCLo = 0xFF ; $uIndex = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $length ; $i ++){ $uIndex = $uchCRCLo ^ ord ( substr ( $string , $i , 1 )); $uchCRCLo = $uchCRCHi ^ $auchCRCHi [ $uIndex ]; $uchCRCHi = $auchCRCLo [ $uIndex ] ; } return( chr ( $uchCRCLo ). chr ( $uchCRCHi )); } ?> up down 2 arachnid at notdot dot net ¶ 21 years ago Note that the CRC32 algorithm should NOT be used for cryptographic purposes, or in situations where a hostile/untrusted user is involved, as it is far too easy to generate a hash collision for CRC32 (two different binary strings that have the same CRC32 hash). Instead consider SHA-1 or MD5. up down 2 sukitsupaluk at hotmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago small sample convert crc32 to character map <?php function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = crc32 ( $data )+ 0x100000000 ; $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ 31 + ( $hash % 31 )] . $str ; $hash /= 31 ; } while( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } $test = array( null , TRUE , FALSE , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" ); $out = array(); foreach( $test as $s ) { $out []= khash ( $s ). ": " . $s ; } var_dump ( $out ); /* output: array 0 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 1 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 2 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 3 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 4 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 5 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 6 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 7 => string 'AFSzIAO: 2' (length=10) 8 => string 'BXGSvQJ: 3' (length=10) 9 => string 'xZWOQSu: ab' (length=11) 10 => string 'AVAwHOR: abc' (length=12) 11 => string 'zKASNE1: abcd' (length=13) 12 => string 'xLCTOV7: abcde' (length=14) 13 => string 'zQLzKMt: abcdefoo' (length=17) / ?> up down 1 chernyshevsky at hotmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago The crc32_combine() function provided by petteri at qred dot fi has a bug that causes an infinite loop, a shift operation on a 32-bit signed int might never reach zero. Replacing the function gf2_matrix_times() with the following seems to fix it: <?php function gf2_matrix_times ( $mat , $vec ) { $sum = 0 ; $i = 0 ; while ( $vec ) { if ( $vec & 1 ) { $sum ^= $mat [ $i ]; } $vec = ( $vec >> 1 ) & 0x7FFFFFFF ; $i ++; } return $sum ; } ?> Otherwise, it's probably the best solution if you can't use hash_file(). Using a 1meg read buffer, the function only takes twice as long to process a 300meg files than hash_file() in my test. up down 1 berna (at) gensis (dot) com (dot) br ¶ 16 years ago For those who want a more familiar return value for the function: <?php function strcrc32 ( $text ) { $crc = crc32 ( $text ); if ( $crc & 0x80000000 ) { $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> And to show the result in Hex string: <?php function int32_to_hex ( $value ) { $value &= 0xffffffff ; return str_pad ( strtoupper ( dechex ( $value )), 8 , "0" , STR_PAD_LEFT ); } ?> up down 1 arris at zsolttech dot com ¶ 14 years ago not found anywhere crc64 based on http://bioinfadmin.cs.ucl.ac.uk/downloads/crc64/crc64.c . (use gmp module) <?php / OLDCRC / define ( 'POLY64REV' , "d800000000000000" ); define ( 'INITIALCRC' , "0000000000000000" ); define ( 'TABLELEN' , 256 ); / NEWCRC / // define('POLY64REV', "95AC9329AC4BC9B5"); // define('INITIALCRC', "FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF"); if( function_exists ( 'gmp_init' )){ class CRC64 { private static $CRCTable = array(); public static function encode ( $seq ){ $crc = gmp_init ( INITIALCRC , 16 ); $init = FALSE ; $poly64rev = gmp_init ( POLY64REV , 16 ); if (! $init ) { $init = TRUE ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < TABLELEN ; $i ++) { $part = gmp_init ( $i , 10 ); for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( gmp_strval ( gmp_and ( $part , "0x1" )) != "0" ){ // if (gmp_testbit($part, 1)){ / PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, untested / $part = gmp_xor ( gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ), $poly64rev ); } else { $part = gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ); } } self :: $CRCTable [ $i ] = $part ; } } for( $k = 0 ; $k < strlen ( $seq ); $k ++){ $tmp_gmp_val = gmp_init ( ord ( $seq [ $k ]), 10 ); $tableindex = gmp_xor ( gmp_and ( $crc , "0xff" ), $tmp_gmp_val ); $crc = gmp_div_q ( $crc , "256" ); $crc = gmp_xor ( $crc , self :: $CRCTable [ gmp_strval ( $tableindex , 10 )]); } $res = gmp_strval ( $crc , 16 ); return $res ; } } } else { die( "Please install php-gmp package!!!" ); } ?> up down 1 quix at free dot fr ¶ 22 years ago I needed the crc32 of a file that was pretty large, so I didn't want to read it into memory. So I made this: <?php $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ]=array(); // Lookup table array __crc32_init_table (); function __crc32_init_table () { // Builds lookup table array // This is the official polynomial used by // CRC-32 in PKZip, WinZip and Ethernet. $polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; // 256 values representing ASCII character codes. for( $i = 0 ; $i <= 0xFF ;++ $i ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=( __crc32_reflect ( $i , 8 ) << 24 ); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ;++ $j ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=(( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] << 1 ) ^ (( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] & ( 1 << 31 ))? $polynomial : 0 )); } $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] = __crc32_reflect ( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ], 32 ); } } function __crc32_reflect ( $ref , $ch ) { // Reflects CRC bits in the lookup table $value = 0 ; // Swap bit 0 for bit 7, bit 1 for bit 6, etc. for( $i = 1 ; $i <( $ch + 1 );++ $i ) { if( $ref & 1 ) $value \|= ( 1 << ( $ch - $i )); $ref = (( $ref >> 1 ) & 0x7fffffff ); } return $value ; } function __crc32_string ( $text ) { // Creates a CRC from a text string // Once the lookup table has been filled in by the two functions above, // this function creates all CRCs using only the lookup table. // You need unsigned variables because negative values // introduce high bits where zero bits are required. // PHP doesn't have unsigned integers: // I've solved this problem by doing a '&' after a '>>'. // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; $len = strlen ( $text ); // Perform the algorithm on each character in the string, // using the lookup table values. for( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ;++ $i ) { $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $text { $i })]; } // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } function __crc32_file ( $name ) { // Creates a CRC from a file // Info: look at __crc32_string // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; if(( $fp = fopen ( $name , 'rb' ))=== false ) return false ; // Perform the algorithm on each character in file for(;;) { $i =@ fread ( $fp , 1 ); if( strlen ( $i )== 0 ) break; $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $i )]; } @ fclose ( $fp ); // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> up down 1 spectrumizer at cycos dot net ¶ 23 years ago Here is a tested and working CRC16-Algorithm: <?php function crc16 ( $string ) { $crc = 0xFFFF ; for ( $x = 0 ; $x < strlen ( $string ); $x ++) { $crc = $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $x ]); for ( $y = 0 ; $y < 8 ; $y ++) { if (( $crc & 0x0001 ) == 0x0001 ) { $crc = (( $crc >> 1 ) ^ 0xA001 ); } else { $crc = $crc >> 1 ; } } } return $crc ; } ?> Regards, Mario up down 1 Ren ¶ 18 years ago Dealing with 32 bit unsigned values overflowing 32 bit php signed values can be done by adding 0x10000000 to any unexpected negative result, rather than using sprintf. $i = crc32('1'); printf("%u\n", $i); if (0 > $i) { // Implicitly casts i as float, and corrects this sign. $i += 0x100000000; } var_dump($i); Outputs: 2212294583 float(2212294583) up down 0 dotg at mail dot ru ¶ 9 years ago crc32() on php 32bit and 64 bit not equal in some values i use abs for result in positive for 32 bit not equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 1 )); ?> 64 bit 2212294583 32 bit 2082672713 equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 3 )); ?> 64 bit 1842515611 32 bit 1842515611 up down 0 toggio at writeme dot com ¶ 9 years ago A faster implementation of modbus CRC16 function crc16($data) { $crc = 0xFFFF; for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($data); $i++) { $crc ^=ord($data[$i]); for ($j = 8; $j !=0; $j--) { if (($crc & 0x0001) !=0) { $crc >>= 1; $crc ^= 0xA001; } else $crc >>= 1; } } return $crc; } up down -1 mail at tristansmis dot nl ¶ 18 years ago I used the abs value of this function on a 32-bit system. When porting the code to a 64-bit system I’ve found that the value is different. The following code has the same outcome on both systems. <?php $crc = abs ( crc32 ( $string )); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; } / Old solution * $crc = abs(crc32($string)) */ ?> up down -2 gabri dot ns at gmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago if you are looking for a fast function to hash a file, take a look at http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.hash-file.php this is crc32 file checker based on a CRC32 guide it have performance at ~ 625 KB/s on my 2.2GHz Turion far slower than hash_file('crc32b','filename.ext') <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { $f = @ fopen ( $filename , 'rb' ); if (! $f ) return false ; static $CRC32Table , $Reflect8Table ; if (!isset( $CRC32Table )) { $Polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; $topBit = 1 << 31 ; for( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { $remainder = $i << 24 ; for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( $remainder & $topBit ) $remainder = ( $remainder << 1 ) ^ $Polynomial ; else $remainder = $remainder << 1 ; } $CRC32Table [ $i ] = $remainder ; if (isset( $Reflect8Table [ $i ])) continue; $str = str_pad ( decbin ( $i ), 8 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $num = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); $Reflect8Table [ $i ] = $num ; $Reflect8Table [ $num ] = $i ; } } $remainder = 0xffffffff ; while ( $data = fread ( $f , 1024 )) { $len = strlen ( $data ); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ; $i ++) { $byte = $Reflect8Table [ ord ( $data [ $i ])]; $index = (( $remainder >> 24 ) & 0xff ) ^ $byte ; $crc = $CRC32Table [ $index ]; $remainder = ( $remainder << 8 ) ^ $crc ; } } $str = decbin ( $remainder ); $str = str_pad ( $str , 32 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $remainder = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); return $remainder ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> <?php $a = microtime (); echo dechex ( crc32_file ( 'filename.ext' )). "\n" ; $b = microtime (); echo array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $b )) - array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $a )). "\n" ; ?> Output: ec7369fe 2.384134054184 (or similiar) ＋ add a note String 関数 addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/manual/de/refs.basic.other.php	PHP: Sonstige Grunderweiterungen - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box GeoIP » « SyncSharedMemory::write PHP-Handbuch Funktionsreferenz Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other Sonstige Grunderweiterungen GeoIP — Geo IP Location Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Vordefinierte Konstanten GeoIP Funktionen FANN — FANN (Fast Artificial Neural Network) Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Vordefinierte Konstanten Beispiele Fann Funktionen FANNConnection — The FANNConnection class Igbinary Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Igbinary Funktionen JSON — JavaScript-Objekt-Notation Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Vordefinierte Konstanten JsonException — The JsonException class JsonSerializable — Die JsonSerializable-Schnittstelle JSON-Funktionen Simdjson Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Vordefinierte Konstanten Simdjson Funktionen SimdJsonException — The SimdJsonException class SimdJsonValueError — The SimdJsonValueError class Lua Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Lua — The Lua class LuaClosure — The LuaClosure class LuaSandbox Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Differences from Standard Lua Beispiele LuaSandbox — The LuaSandbox class LuaSandboxFunction — The LuaSandboxFunction class LuaSandboxError — The LuaSandboxError class LuaSandboxErrorError — The LuaSandboxErrorError class LuaSandboxFatalError — The LuaSandboxFatalError class LuaSandboxMemoryError — The LuaSandboxMemoryError class LuaSandboxRuntimeError — The LuaSandboxRuntimeError class LuaSandboxSyntaxError — The LuaSandboxSyntaxError class LuaSandboxTimeoutError — The LuaSandboxTimeoutError class Misc. — Miscellaneous Functions Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Vordefinierte Konstanten Sonstige Funktionen Changelog Random — Random Number Generators and Functions Related to Randomness Einführung Vordefinierte Konstanten Beispiele Random Funktionen Random\Randomizer — The Random\Randomizer class Random\IntervalBoundary — The Random\IntervalBoundary Enum Random\Engine — The Random\Engine interface Random\CryptoSafeEngine — The Random\CryptoSafeEngine interface Random\Engine\Secure — The Random\Engine\Secure class Random\Engine\Mt19937 — The Random\Engine\Mt19937 class Random\Engine\PcgOneseq128XslRr64 — The Random\Engine\PcgOneseq128XslRr64 class Random\Engine\Xoshiro256StarStar — The Random\Engine\Xoshiro256StarStar class Random\RandomError — The Random\RandomError class Random\BrokenRandomEngineError — The Random\BrokenRandomEngineError class Random\RandomException — The Random\RandomException class Seaslog Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Vordefinierte Konstanten Beispiele Seaslog Funktionen SeasLog — The SeasLog class SPL — Standard PHP Library (SPL) Interfaces Datastructures Exceptions Iterators File Handling SPL Funktionen Streams Einführung 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Swoole\Mmap — The Swoole\Mmap class Swoole\MySQL — The Swoole\MySQL class Swoole\MySQL\Exception — The Swoole\MySQL\Exception class Swoole\Process — The Swoole\Process class Swoole\Redis\Server — The Swoole\Redis\Server class Swoole\Runtime — The Swoole\Runtime class Swoole\Serialize — The Swoole\Serialize class Swoole\Server — The Swoole\Server class Swoole\Table — The Swoole\Table class Swoole\Timer — The Swoole\Timer class Swoole\WebSocket\Frame — The Swoole\WebSocket\Frame class Swoole\WebSocket\Server — The Swoole\WebSocket\Server class Tidy Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Vordefinierte Konstanten Beispiele tidy — The tidy class tidyNode — The tidyNode class Tidy Funktionen Tokenizer Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Vordefinierte Konstanten Beispiele PhpToken — The PhpToken class Tokenizer Funktionen URLs Einführung Vordefinierte Konstanten URL Funktionen V8js — V8 Javascript-Engine Integration Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Beispiele V8Js — Die Klasse V8Js V8JsException — Die Klasse V8JsException Yaml — YAML Data Serialization Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Vordefinierte Konstanten Beispiele Callbacks Yaml Funktionen Yaf — Yet Another Framework Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Vordefinierte Konstanten Beispiele Application Configuration Yaf_Application — The Yaf_Application class Yaf_Bootstrap_Abstract — The Yaf_Bootstrap_Abstract class Yaf_Dispatcher — The Yaf_Dispatcher class Yaf_Config_Abstract — The Yaf_Config_Abstract class Yaf_Config_Ini — The Yaf_Config_Ini class Yaf_Config_Simple — The Yaf_Config_Simple class Yaf_Controller_Abstract — The Yaf_Controller_Abstract class Yaf_Action_Abstract — The Yaf_Action_Abstract class Yaf_View_Interface — The Yaf_View_Interface class Yaf_View_Simple — The Yaf_View_Simple class Yaf_Loader — The Yaf_Loader class Yaf_Plugin_Abstract — The Yaf_Plugin_Abstract class Yaf_Registry — The Yaf_Registry class Yaf_Request_Abstract — The Yaf_Request_Abstract class Yaf_Request_Http — The Yaf_Request_Http class Yaf_Request_Simple — The Yaf_Request_Simple class Yaf_Response_Abstract — The Yaf_Response_Abstract class Yaf_Route_Interface — The Yaf_Route_Interface class Yaf_Route_Map — The Yaf_Route_Map class Yaf_Route_Regex — The Yaf_Route_Regex class Yaf_Route_Rewrite — The Yaf_Route_Rewrite class Yaf_Router — The Yaf_Router class Yaf_Route_Simple — The Yaf_Route_Simple class Yaf_Route_Static — The Yaf_Route_Static class Yaf_Route_Supervar — The Yaf_Route_Supervar class Yaf_Session — The Yaf_Session class Yaf_Exception — The Yaf_Exception class Yaf_Exception_TypeError — The Yaf_Exception_TypeError class Yaf_Exception_StartupError — The Yaf_Exception_StartupError class Yaf_Exception_DispatchFailed — The Yaf_Exception_DispatchFailed class Yaf_Exception_RouterFailed — The Yaf_Exception_RouterFailed class Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed — The Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed class Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Module — The Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Module class Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Controller — The Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Controller class Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Action — The Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Action class Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_View — The Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_View class Yaconf Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Yaconf — The Yaconf class Taint Einführung Installation/Konfiguration More Details Taint Funktionen Data Structures Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Beispiele Ds\Collection — The Collection interface Ds\Hashable — The Hashable interface Ds\Sequence — The Sequence interface Ds\Vector — The Vector class Ds\Deque — The Deque class Ds\Map — The Map class Ds\Pair — The Pair class Ds\Set — The Set class Ds\Stack — The Stack class Ds\Queue — The Queue class Ds\PriorityQueue — The PriorityQueue class var_representation Einführung Installation/Konfiguration Vordefinierte Konstanten var_representation Funktionen Found A Problem? 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Funktionsreferenz Das Verhalten von PHP beeinflussen Manipulation von Audioformaten Authentifizierungsdienste Eingabezeilenspezifische Erweiterungen Erweiterungen zur Datenkompression und Archivierung Kryptografische Erweiterungen Datenbankerweiterungen Datums- und zeitrelevante Erweiterungen Dateisystemrelevante Erweiterungen Unterstützung menschlicher Sprache und Zeichenkodierung Bildverarbeitung und -generierung E-Mail-relevante Erweiterungen Mathematische Erweiterungen Non-Text MIME-Ausgaben Erweiterungen zur Prozesskontrolle Sonstige Grunderweiterungen Sonstige Dienste Suchmaschinenerweiterungen Serverspezifische Erweiterungen Session-Erweiterungen Textverarbeitung Variablen- und typbezogene Erweiterungen Web Services Windowsbasierte Erweiterungen XML-Manipulation GUI Erweiterungen Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
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https://llvm.org/doxygen/DemangleConfig_8h.html#a29995d06ac1017b383bd56ca6b624661	LLVM: include/llvm/Demangle/DemangleConfig.h File Reference LLVM  22.0.0git include llvm Demangle Macros DemangleConfig.h File Reference #include "llvm/Config/llvm-config.h" #include <cassert> Go to the source code of this file. Macros #define  __has_feature (x) #define  __has_cpp_attribute (x) #define  __has_attribute (x) #define  __has_builtin (x) #define  DEMANGLE_GNUC_PREREQ (maj, min, patch) #define  DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_USED #define  DEMANGLE_UNREACHABLE #define  DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE #define  DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD     DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_USED #define  DEMANGLE_FALLTHROUGH #define  DEMANGLE_ASSERT (__expr, __msg) #define  DEMANGLE_NAMESPACE_BEGIN    namespace llvm { namespace itanium_demangle { #define  DEMANGLE_NAMESPACE_END    } } #define  DEMANGLE_ABI   DEMANGLE_ABI is the export/visibility macro used to mark symbols delcared in llvm/Demangle as exported when built as a shared library. Macro Definition Documentation ◆  __has_attribute #define __has_attribute ( x ) Value: 0 Definition at line 30 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  __has_builtin #define __has_builtin ( x ) Value: 0 Definition at line 34 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  __has_cpp_attribute #define __has_cpp_attribute ( x ) Value: 0 Definition at line 26 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  __has_feature #define __has_feature ( x ) Value: 0 Definition at line 22 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  DEMANGLE_ABI #define DEMANGLE_ABI DEMANGLE_ABI is the export/visibility macro used to mark symbols delcared in llvm/Demangle as exported when built as a shared library. Definition at line 115 of file DemangleConfig.h . Referenced by llvm::ms_demangle::Node::output() , parse_discriminator() , and llvm::ms_demangle::Demangler::~Demangler() . ◆  DEMANGLE_ASSERT #define DEMANGLE_ASSERT ( __expr , __msg  ) Value: assert ((__expr) && (__msg)) assert assert(UImm &&(UImm !=~static_cast< T >(0)) &&"Invalid immediate!") Definition at line 94 of file DemangleConfig.h . Referenced by OutputBuffer::back() , PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::back() , ExplicitObjectParameter::ExplicitObjectParameter() , SpecialSubstitution::getBaseName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::OperatorInfo::getSymbol() , OutputBuffer::insert() , PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::operator[]() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParam() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseUnresolvedName() , PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::pop_back() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::popTrailingNodeArray() , PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::shrinkToSize() , Node::visit() , and AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::ScopedTemplateParamList::~ScopedTemplateParamList() . ◆  DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE #define DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE Definition at line 69 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_USED #define DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_USED Definition at line 53 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD #define DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD    DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_USED Definition at line 73 of file DemangleConfig.h . Referenced by Node::dump() . ◆  DEMANGLE_FALLTHROUGH #define DEMANGLE_FALLTHROUGH Definition at line 85 of file DemangleConfig.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseType() . ◆  DEMANGLE_GNUC_PREREQ #define DEMANGLE_GNUC_PREREQ ( maj , min , patch  ) Value: 0 Definition at line 46 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  DEMANGLE_NAMESPACE_BEGIN #define DEMANGLE_NAMESPACE_BEGIN   namespace llvm { namespace itanium_demangle { Definition at line 97 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  DEMANGLE_NAMESPACE_END #define DEMANGLE_NAMESPACE_END   } } Definition at line 98 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  DEMANGLE_UNREACHABLE #define DEMANGLE_UNREACHABLE Definition at line 61 of file DemangleConfig.h . Referenced by demanglePointerCVQualifiers() , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution::getBaseName() , and AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseExpr() . Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/classTransformedType.html#pub-methods	LLVM: TransformedType Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Member Functions \| List of all members TransformedType Class Reference #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inheritance diagram for TransformedType: This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead. [ legend ] Public Member Functions   TransformedType (std::string_view Transform_, Node BaseType_) template<typename Fn> void  match (Fn F ) const void  printLeft ( OutputBuffer &OB) const override Public Member Functions inherited from Node   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node   getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Additional Inherited Members Public Types inherited from Node enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Protected Attributes inherited from Node Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Detailed Description Definition at line 561 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  TransformedType() TransformedType::TransformedType ( std::string_view Transform_ , Node * BaseType_  ) inline Definition at line 565 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node::Node() . Member Function Documentation ◆  match() template<typename Fn> void TransformedType::match ( Fn F ) const inline Definition at line 568 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References F . ◆  printLeft() void TransformedType::printLeft ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline override virtual Implements Node . Definition at line 570 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node::OutputBuffer . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
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https://llvm.org/doxygen/classObjCProtoName.html#a953cee758121e09095c570c12a7817b7	LLVM: ObjCProtoName Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Member Functions \| List of all members ObjCProtoName Class Reference #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inheritance diagram for ObjCProtoName: This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead. [ legend ] Public Member Functions   ObjCProtoName ( const Node Ty_, std::string_view Protocol_) template<typename Fn> void  match (Fn F ) const bool   isObjCObject () const std::string_view  getProtocol () const void  printLeft ( OutputBuffer &OB) const override Public Member Functions inherited from Node   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node   getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Additional Inherited Members Public Types inherited from Node enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Protected Attributes inherited from Node Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Detailed Description Definition at line 614 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  ObjCProtoName() ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName ( const Node * Ty_ , std::string_view Protocol_  ) inline Definition at line 619 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node::Node() . Member Function Documentation ◆  getProtocol() std::string_view ObjCProtoName::getProtocol ( ) const inline Definition at line 629 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  isObjCObject() bool ObjCProtoName::isObjCObject ( ) const inline Definition at line 624 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References getName() . Referenced by PointerType::printLeft() , and PointerType::printRight() . ◆  match() template<typename Fn> void ObjCProtoName::match ( Fn F ) const inline Definition at line 622 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References F . ◆  printLeft() void ObjCProtoName::printLeft ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline override virtual Implements Node . Definition at line 631 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node::OutputBuffer . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/structNestedName.html#a76867cfbca2a62251201e4672879b37e	LLVM: NestedName Struct Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Member Functions \| Public Attributes \| List of all members NestedName Struct Reference #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inheritance diagram for NestedName: This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead. [ legend ] Public Member Functions   NestedName ( Node Qual_, Node Name_) template<typename Fn> void  match (Fn F ) const std::string_view  getBaseName () const override void  printLeft ( OutputBuffer &OB) const override Public Member Functions inherited from Node   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node *  getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Public Attributes Node *  Qual Node *  Name Additional Inherited Members Public Types inherited from Node enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Protected Attributes inherited from Node Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Detailed Description Definition at line 1077 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  NestedName() NestedName::NestedName ( Node * Qual_ , Node * Name_  ) inline Definition at line 1081 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Name , Node::Node() , and Qual . Member Function Documentation ◆  getBaseName() std::string_view NestedName::getBaseName ( ) const inline override virtual Reimplemented from Node . Definition at line 1086 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Name . ◆  match() template<typename Fn> void NestedName::match ( Fn F ) const inline Definition at line 1084 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References F , Name , and Qual . ◆  printLeft() void NestedName::printLeft ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline override virtual Implements Node . Definition at line 1088 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Name , Node::OutputBuffer , and Qual . Member Data Documentation ◆  Name Node * NestedName::Name Definition at line 1079 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getBaseName() , match() , NestedName() , and printLeft() . ◆  Qual Node * NestedName::Qual Definition at line 1078 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by match() , NestedName() , and printLeft() . The documentation for this struct was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.timeforkids.com/k1/topics/careers/	TIME for Kids \| Careers \| Topic \| K-1 Skip to main content Search Articles by Grade level Grades K-1 Articles Grade 2 Articles Grades 3-4 Articles Grades 5-6 Articles Topics Animals Arts Ask Angela Books Business Careers Community Culture Debate Earth Science Education Election 2024 Engineering Environment Food and Nutrition Games Government History Holidays Inventions Movies and Television Music and Theater Nature News People Places Podcasts Science Service Stars Space Sports The Human Body The View Transportation Weather World Young Game Changers Your $ Financial Literacy Content Grade 4 Edition Grade 5-6 Edition For Grown-ups Resource Spotlight Also from TIME for Kids: Log In role: none user_age: none editions: The page you are about to enter is for grown-ups. Enter your birth date to continue. Month (MM) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 Year (YYYY) 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Submit Careers Presenting Weather August 29, 2025 Al Roker is a weather forecaster. He is on TV. He tells viewers what weather they can expect. He has been doing this for 51 years. TIME for Kids asked him some questions about his work. How do you prepare… Audio Spanish Health Meet a Doctor October 25, 2024 Doctors who treat children are called pediatricians. Meet Dr. Jaclyn Dovico. She is a pediatrician. Dr. Dovico used to work at a bank. But she wanted to help kids. So she became a doctor. That was six years ago. Some… Audio Community Jobs at School September 6, 2024 Many people work at a school. Their jobs are important. These people help the school community run smoothly. Getting to School Crossing guards (above) guide students across the street. They signal for cars to stop. They keep kids… Audio Contact us Privacy policy California privacy Terms of Service Subscribe CLASSROOM INTERNATIONAL © 2026 TIME USA, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Powered by WordPress.com VIP	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/manual/fr/function.echo.php	PHP: echo - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box explode » « crypt Manuel PHP Référence des fonctions Traitement du texte Chaîne de caractères Fonctions sur les chaînes de caractères Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other echo (PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) echo — Affiche une chaîne de caractères Description echo ( string ...$expressions ): void Affiche une ou plusieurs expressions, sans espaces ou nouvelle ligne additionnelle. echo n'est pas une fonction mais une construction du langage. Ses arguments sont une liste d'expressions suivant le mot clé echo , séparés par des virgules, et non délimités par des parenthèses. Contrairement à d'autres constructions du langage, echo n'a pas de valeur de retour, elle ne peut donc pas être utilisée dans le contexte d'une expression. echo dispose aussi d'une syntaxe courte, où vous pouvez faire suivre immédiatement la balise PHP ouvrante d'un signe égal ( = ). Cette syntaxe est disponible même si la directive de configuration short_open_tag est désactivée. J'ai <?=$foo?> foo. La plus grosse différence avec print est que echo accepte plusieurs arguments et ne retourne aucune valeur. Liste de paramètres expressions Une ou plusieurs expressions de chaînes de caractères à afficher, séparées par des virgules. Les valeurs qui ne sont pas des chaînes de caractères seront converties en chaînes de caractères, même si la directive strict_types est activée. Valeurs de retour Aucune valeur n'est retournée. Exemples Exemple #1 Exemple avec echo <?php echo "echo ne requiert pas de parenthèses." ; // Les chaînes peuvent être passées soit individuellement comme plusieurs arguments ou // concaténées ensemble et passées en tant qu'un seul argument echo 'This ' , 'string ' , 'was ' , 'made ' , 'with multiple parameters.' , "\n" ; echo 'This ' . 'string ' . 'was ' . 'made ' . 'with concatenation.' . "\n" ; // Aucune nouvelle ligne ou espace n'est ajoutée ; ci-dessous affiche "helloworld", tout sur une ligne echo "hello" ; echo "world" ; // Pareil que ci-dessus echo "hello" , "world" ; echo "This string spans multiple lines. The newlines will be output as well" ; echo "This string spans\nmultiple lines. The newlines will be\noutput as well." ; // L'argument peut être n'importe quelle expression qui produit une chaîne de caractères $foo = "example" ; echo "foo is $foo " ; // foo is example $fruits = [ "lemon" , "orange" , "banana" ]; echo implode ( " and " , $fruits ); // lemon and orange and banana // Les expressions qui ne sont pas des chaînes sont converties en chaînes, même si declare(strict_types=1) est utilisé echo 6 * 7 ; // 42 // Cependant, les exemples suivants fonctionneront : ( $some_var ) ? print 'true' : print 'false' ; // print est aussi une construction, mais // est une expression valide, retournant 1. // Donc il peut être utilisé dans ce contexte. echo $some_var ? 'true' : 'false' ; // évaluant l'expression d'abord puis la passant à echo Exemple #2 echo n'est pas une expression <?php // Parce que echo ne se comporte pas comme une expression, le code suivant est invalide. ( $some_var ) ? echo 'true' : echo 'false' ; ?> ?> Notes Note : Comme ceci est une structure du langage, et non pas une fonction, il n'est pas possible de l'appeler avec les fonctions variables ou arguments nommés . Note : Utilisation avec les parenthèses Entourer un seul argument de echo avec des parenthèses ne lèvera pas une erreur de syntaxe, et produit une syntaxe ressemblant à un appel normal de fonction. Néanmoins, ceci peut être trompeur, car les parenthèses font en réalité partie de l'expression qui est en cours d'affichage, et non partie de la syntaxe de echo en lui-même. Exemple #3 Utilisation de parentheses <?php echo "hello" , PHP_EOL ; // affiche "hello" echo( "hello" ), PHP_EOL ; // affiche également "hello", car ("hello") est une expression valide echo( 1 + 2 ) * 3 , PHP_EOL ; // affiche "9"; la parenthèse permet 1+2 d'être évalué en premier, puis 3*3 // echo voit le résultat de l'expression comme un seul argument echo "hello" , " world" , PHP_EOL ; // affiche"hello world" echo( "hello" ), ( " world" ), PHP_EOL ; // affiche "hello world"; les parenthèses font partie de chaque expression ?> Exemple #4 Expression invalide <?php echo( "hello" , " world" ), PHP_EOL ; // Lève une Parse Erreur car ("hello", " world") n'est pas une expression valide ?> Astuce Passer plusieurs arguments à echo permet d'éviter des complications qui apparaissent à cause de la précédence de l'opération de concaténation en PHP. Par exemple, l'opérateur de concatenation a une précédence supérieure à l'opérateur ternaire, et antérieurement à PHP 8.0.0, avait la même précédence que l'addition et la soustraction : <?php // Below, the expression 'Hello ' . isset($name) is evaluated first, // and is always true, so the argument to echo is always $name echo 'Hello ' . isset( $name ) ? $name : 'John Doe' . '!' ; // The intended behaviour requires additional parentheses echo 'Hello ' . (isset( $name ) ? $name : 'John Doe' ) . '!' ; // In PHP prior to 8.0.0, the below outputs "2", rather than "Sum: 3" echo 'Sum: ' . 1 + 2 ; // Again, adding parentheses ensures the intended order of evaluation echo 'Sum: ' . ( 1 + 2 ); Si plusieurs arguments sont fournis, alors les parenthèses ne seront pas requises pour augmenter la précédence, car chaque expression est séparé : <?php echo "Hello " , isset( $name ) ? $name : "John Doe" , "!" ; echo "Sum: " , 1 + 2 ; Voir aussi print - Affiche une chaîne de caractères printf() - Affiche une chaîne de caractères formatée flush() - Vide les tampons de sortie du système Manière de spécifié des chaînes littérales Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes 1 note up down 39 pemapmodder1970 at gmail dot com ¶ 8 years ago Passing multiple parameters to echo using commas (',')is not exactly identical to using the concatenation operator ('.'). There are two notable differences. First, concatenation operators have much higher precedence. Referring to http://php.net/operators.precedence, there are many operators with lower precedence than concatenation, so it is a good idea to use the multi-argument form instead of passing concatenated strings. <?php echo "The sum is " . 1 \| 2 ; // output: "2". Parentheses needed. echo "The sum is " , 1 \| 2 ; // output: "The sum is 3". Fine. ?> Second, a slightly confusing phenomenon is that unlike passing arguments to functions, the values are evaluated one by one. <?php function f ( $arg ){ var_dump ( $arg ); return $arg ; } echo "Foo" . f ( "bar" ) . "Foo" ; echo "\n\n" ; echo "Foo" , f ( "bar" ), "Foo" ; ?> The output would be: string(3) "bar"FoobarFoo Foostring(3) "bar" barFoo It would become a confusing bug for a script that uses blocking functions like sleep() as parameters: <?php while( true ){ echo "Loop start!\n" , sleep ( 1 ); } ?> vs <?php while( true ){ echo "Loop started!\n" . sleep ( 1 ); } ?> With ',' the cursor stops at the beginning every newline, while with '.' the cursor stops after the 0 in the beginning every line (because sleep() returns 0). ＋ add a note Fonctions sur les chaînes de caractères addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://lists.llvm.org/pipermail/llvm-dev/2006-December/subject.html#7550	The llvm-dev December 2006 Archive by subject December 2006 Archives by subject Messages sorted by: [ thread ] [ author ] [ date ] More info on this list... Starting: Fri Dec 1 02:41:28 PST 2006 Ending: Sun Dec 31 13:37:09 PST 2006 Messages: 245 [LLVMdev] #include <iostream>   Bill Wendling [LLVMdev] #include <iostream>   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] #include <iostream>   Vladimir Prus [LLVMdev] #include <iostream>   Bill Wendling [LLVMdev] #include <iostream>   Bill Wendling [LLVMdev] #include <iostream>   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] #include <iostream>   John Criswell [LLVMdev] #include <iostream>   Bill Wendling [LLVMdev] # operands < # args   Ryan M. Lefever [LLVMdev] # operands < # args   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] -s-   sriram at malhar.net [LLVMdev] [llvm-commits] combined arm patch   Jim Laskey [LLVMdev] [llvm-commits] combined arm patch   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [llvm-commits] combined arm patch   Jim Laskey [LLVMdev] [llvm-commits] combined arm patch   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [llvm-commits] combined arm patch   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [patch] arm: define extloadi1   Lauro Ramos Venancio [LLVMdev] [patch] arm: define extloadi1   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] [patch] arm: external weak in constant pool   Lauro Ramos Venancio [LLVMdev] [patch] arm: external weak in constant pool   Bill Wendling [LLVMdev] [patch] arm: external weak in constant pool   Lauro Ramos Venancio [LLVMdev] [patch] arm: external weak in constant pool   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] [patch] arm bugfix: invalid add/sub constant   Lauro Ramos Venancio [LLVMdev] [patch] emit .weak for zero initialized weak variables   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [patch] emit .weak for zero initialized weak variables   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] [patch] emit .weak for zero initialized weak variables   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [patch] emit .weak for zero initialized weak variables   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] [patch] emit .weak for zero initialized weak variables   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [patch] emit .weak for zero initialized weak variables   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [patch] getRegClassForInlineAsmConstraint for ARM   Lauro Ramos Venancio [LLVMdev] [patch] getRegClassForInlineAsmConstraint for ARM   Lauro Ramos Venancio [LLVMdev] [patch] llvm-gcc support for packed structures   Andrew Lenharth [LLVMdev] [patch] move ExtWeakSymbols to AsmPrinter   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [patch] move ExtWeakSymbols to AsmPrinter   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] [patch] move ExtWeakSymbols to AsmPrinter   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [patch] move ExtWeakSymbols to AsmPrinter   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [patch] move ExtWeakSymbols to AsmPrinter   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] [patch] print ".weak" directive   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [patch] print ".weak" directive   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] [patch] print ".weak" directive   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [PATCH] print .weak directives   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [PATCH] print .weak directives   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] [PATCH] print .weak directives   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] [PATCH] print .weak directives   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] alias-aware scheduling   Dan Gohman [LLVMdev] alias-aware scheduling   Evan Cheng [LLVMdev] alias-aware scheduling   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] alias-aware scheduling   Dan Gohman [LLVMdev] alias-aware scheduling   Evan Cheng [LLVMdev] arm patch 1/n   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] arm patch 2/n   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] arm patch 3/n   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] Books, papers and information   Fredrik Svensson [LLVMdev] Books, papers and information   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] Books, papers and information   Jeff Cohen [LLVMdev] Books, papers and information   Ramana Radhakrishnan [LLVMdev] Books, papers and information   Zhongxing Xu [LLVMdev] Books, papers and information   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Building llvm-gcc4   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] Building llvm-gcc4 on amd64   Domagoj Babic [LLVMdev] Building llvm-gcc4 on amd64   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Building llvm-gcc4 on amd64   Chandler Carruth [LLVMdev] Building llvm-gcc4 on amd64   Domagoj Babic [LLVMdev] Building Qt with LLVM   Anton Korobeynikov [LLVMdev] Building Qt with LLVM   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Bytecode change   Andrew Lenharth [LLVMdev] Changing pointer representation?   Jules [LLVMdev] Changing pointer representation?   Vikram S. Adve [LLVMdev] Changing pointer representation?   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] combined arm patch   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] combined arm patch   Jim Laskey [LLVMdev] combined arm patch   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] combined arm patch   Jim Laskey [LLVMdev] combined arm patch   Jim Laskey [LLVMdev] combined arm patch   Jim Laskey [LLVMdev] crtend   Ryan M. Lefever [LLVMdev] crtend   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Disable Inlining   Ryan M. Lefever [LLVMdev] Disable Inlining   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Dropping support for llvm-gcc3   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] DSA Removed   John Criswell [LLVMdev] DSA Removed   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] DSGraph::computeCalleeCallerMapping failing   Swarup Kumar Sahoo [LLVMdev] DSGraph::computeCalleeCallerMapping failing   Andrew Lenharth [LLVMdev] DSGraph::computeCalleeCallerMapping failing   Swarup Kumar Sahoo [LLVMdev] EH and C++ integration   Žiga Osolin [LLVMdev] Full C++ support   Žiga Osolin [LLVMdev] Full C++ support   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] Fwd: Compiler opportunities at Cray   Vikram S. Adve [LLVMdev] Fwd: Compiler opportunities at Cray   Vikram S. Adve [LLVMdev] Fwd: Compiler opportunities at Cray   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] getting process memory info   Jakob Praher [LLVMdev] getting process memory info   Ralph Corderoy [LLVMdev] getting process memory info   Jakob Praher [LLVMdev] How to compile apps to bc files with the new llvm-gcc4?   Domagoj Babic [LLVMdev] How to compile apps to bc files with the new llvm-gcc4?   Chandler Carruth [LLVMdev] How to compile apps to bc files with the new llvm-gcc4?   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] How to compile apps to bc files with the new llvm-gcc4?   Scott Michel [LLVMdev] How to compile apps to bc files with the new llvm-gcc4?   Domagoj Babic [LLVMdev] How to compile apps to bc files with the new llvm-gcc4?   Scott Michel [LLVMdev] in Cygwin problems   Roman [LLVMdev] in Cygwin problems   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] in Cygwin problems   Roman [LLVMdev] in Cygwin problems   Tanya M. Lattner [LLVMdev] in Cygwin problems   Roman [LLVMdev] in Cygwin problems   Roman [LLVMdev] in Cygwin problems   Roman [LLVMdev] in Cygwin problems   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] in Cygwin problems   Tanya M. Lattner [LLVMdev] Instruction sets requiring more than 3 operands   Seung Jae Lee [LLVMdev] Instruction sets requiring more than 3 operands   Evan Cheng [LLVMdev] Instruction sets requiring more than 3 operands   Seung Jae Lee [LLVMdev] Instruction sets requiring more than 3 operands   Evan Cheng [LLVMdev] Instructions having variable names as operands   Seung Jae Lee [LLVMdev] Instructions having variable names as operands   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Instructions having variable names as operands   Seung Jae Lee [LLVMdev] Instructions having variable names as operands   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Instructions having variable names as operands   Seung Jae Lee [LLVMdev] Instructions having variable names as operands   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Instructions having variable names as operands   Nikolaos Kavvadias [LLVMdev] invalid bytecode signature   Ryan M. Lefever [LLVMdev] invalid bytecode signature   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] invalid bytecode signature   Ryan M. Lefever [LLVMdev] invalid bytecode signature   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] invalid bytecode signature   Ralph Corderoy [LLVMdev] jit with external functions   Ram Bhamidipaty [LLVMdev] jit with external functions   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] jit with external functions   Ram Bhamidipaty [LLVMdev] jit with external functions   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] jit with external functions   Ram Bhamidipaty [LLVMdev] llc doesn't work in release build   Anton Vayvod [LLVMdev] llc doesn't work in release build   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] lli, llvm-ld and runtime libraries   Erick Tryzelaar [LLVMdev] lli, llvm-ld and runtime libraries   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] llvm-gcc frontend 4 on intel darwin produces intel assembler   Jakob Praher [LLVMdev] llvm-gcc frontend 4 on intel darwin produces intel assembler   Jakob Praher [LLVMdev] llvm-gcc frontend 4 on intel darwin produces intel assembler   Tanya M. Lattner [LLVMdev] llvm build not respecting DESTDIR?   Erick Tryzelaar [LLVMdev] llvm build not respecting DESTDIR?   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] llvm build not respecting DESTDIR?   Ralph Corderoy [LLVMdev] llvm build not respecting DESTDIR?   Erick Tryzelaar [LLVMdev] llvm build not respecting DESTDIR?   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] llvm build not respecting DESTDIR?   Erick Tryzelaar [LLVMdev] llvm build not respecting DESTDIR?   Erick Tryzelaar [LLVMdev] llvm build not respecting DESTDIR?   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] llvm build not respecting DESTDIR?   Erick Tryzelaar [LLVMdev] llvm build not respecting DESTDIR?   Erick Tryzelaar [LLVMdev] LLVM capability question.   Michael T. Richter [LLVMdev] LLVM capability question.   Ralph Corderoy [LLVMdev] LLVM capability question.   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] LLVM capability question.   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] LLVM Conference 2007 ?   Owen Anderson [LLVMdev] MachineConstantPoolValue   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] MachineConstantPoolValue   Anton Korobeynikov [LLVMdev] MachineConstantPoolValue   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] MachineConstantPoolValue   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] MachineFunction.cpp!!!   Bill Wendling [LLVMdev] MachineFunction.cpp!!!   Jim Laskey [LLVMdev] Memory protection using run-time checks   Roman Levenstein [LLVMdev] More LLVM Mail Server Downtime   John Criswell [LLVMdev] moving to svn?   Chris Morgan [LLVMdev] New PassManager   Devang Patel [LLVMdev] nightly tester grawp   Devang Patel [LLVMdev] nightly tester grawp   Evan Cheng [LLVMdev] nightly tester grawp   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] nightly tester grawp   Jim Laskey [LLVMdev] nightly tester grawp   Nick Lewycky [LLVMdev] nightly tester grawp   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] nightly tester grawp   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] nightly tester grawp   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] nightly tester grawp   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] nightly tester grawp   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] nightly tester grawp   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] No crt2.o file found   Matthew Bromberg [LLVMdev] No crt2.o file found   Anton Korobeynikov [LLVMdev] No crt2.o file found   Matthew Bromberg [LLVMdev] No crt2.o file found   Anton Korobeynikov [LLVMdev] No crt2.o file found   Anton Korobeynikov [LLVMdev] No crt2.o file found   Matthew Bromberg [LLVMdev] No crt2.o file found   Anton Korobeynikov [LLVMdev] No crt2.o file found   SevenThunders [LLVMdev] No crt2.o file found   Anton Korobeynikov [LLVMdev] Possible bug in the linear scan register allocator   Roman Levenstein [LLVMdev] Possible bug in the linear scan register allocator   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Possible bug in the linear scan register allocator   Roman Levenstein [LLVMdev] Possible bug in the linear scan register allocator   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] possible bug in X86TargetLowering::getRegClassForInlineAsmConstraint   Lauro Ramos Venancio [LLVMdev] possible bug in X86TargetLowering::getRegClassForInlineAsmConstraint   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] post-dominance frontier   Ryan M. Lefever [LLVMdev] Post-increments and pre-decrements   Roman Levenstein [LLVMdev] Post-increments and pre-decrements   Evan Cheng [LLVMdev] Potential LLVM Service Outages   John Criswell [LLVMdev] problem building gcc4 front end on fedora core 5   Ram Bhamidipaty [LLVMdev] problem building gcc4 front end on fedora core 5   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] problem building gcc4 front end on fedora core 5   Jim Laskey [LLVMdev] problem building gcc4 front end on fedora core 5   Ram Bhamidipaty [LLVMdev] Problems with new bytecode format   Roman Levenstein [LLVMdev] Problems with new bytecode format   Bill Wendling [LLVMdev] Problems with new bytecode format   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] Problems with new bytecode format   Roman Levenstein [LLVMdev] Problems with new bytecode format   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] problems with the legalizer   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] problems with the legalizer   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] problem using scc_iterator on CallGraph   Ryan M. Lefever [LLVMdev] problem using scc_iterator on CallGraph   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] problem using scc_iterator on CallGraph   Ryan M. Lefever [LLVMdev] problem using scc_iterator on CallGraph   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Proposed: first class packed structures   Andrew Lenharth [LLVMdev] Proposed: first class packed structures   Andrew Lenharth [LLVMdev] Proposed: first class packed structures   Andrew Lenharth [LLVMdev] Proposed: first class packed structures   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Proposed: first class packed structures   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Proposed: first class packed structures   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] Proposed: first class packed structures   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Proposed: first class packed structures   Andrew Lenharth [LLVMdev] Proposed: first class packed structures   Andrew Lenharth [LLVMdev] Proposed: first class packed structures   Andrew Lenharth [LLVMdev] Proposed: first class packed structures   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Reminder: LLVM Conference 2007   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] Reminder: LLVM Conference 2007 Poll   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] Removing DSA from LLVM   John Criswell [LLVMdev] Removing DSA from LLVM   Ryan M. Lefever [LLVMdev] Removing DSA from LLVM   Vikram Sadanand Adve [LLVMdev] Removing DSA from LLVM   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Soft-float   Roman Levenstein [LLVMdev] Soft-float   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] Soft-float   Evan Cheng [LLVMdev] Soft-float   Roman Levenstein [LLVMdev] Soft-float   Evan Cheng [LLVMdev] Sparse and LLVM   Sanghyeon Seo [LLVMdev] Sparse and LLVM   Chris Li [LLVMdev] Sparse and LLVM   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] Statistic API change   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] ThisCall / Compilation problems   David Shipman [LLVMdev] ThisCall / Compilation problems   Anton Korobeynikov [LLVMdev] ThisCall / Compilation problems   Reid Spencer [LLVMdev] ThisCall / Compilation problems   Bill Wendling [LLVMdev] ThisCall / Compilation problems   Žiga Osolin [LLVMdev] ThisCall / Compilation problems   Jeff Cohen [LLVMdev] timer mem stats not implemented?   Ryan M. Lefever [LLVMdev] timer mem stats not implemented?   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] weak linkage   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] weak linkage   Chris Lattner [LLVMdev] weak linkage   Rafael Espíndola [LLVMdev] weird analysis group behavior   Ryan M. Lefever Last message date: Sun Dec 31 13:37:09 PST 2006 Archived on: Tue Aug 4 17:22:51 PDT 2015 Messages sorted by: [ thread ] [ author ] [ date ] More info on this list... This archive was generated by Pipermail 0.09 (Mailman edition).	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/networking-and-content-delivery/author/jbarr/	Jeff Barr \| Networking & Content Delivery Skip to Main Content Filter: All English Contact us AWS Marketplace Support My account Search Filter: All Sign in to console Create account AWS Blogs Home Blogs Editions Networking & Content Delivery Author: Jeff Barr Jeff Barr is Chief Evangelist for AWS. He started this blog in 2004 and has been writing posts just about non-stop ever since. 98, 99, 100 CloudFront Points of Presence! by Jeff Barr on 01 NOV 2017 in Amazon CloudFront , Lambda@Edge , Networking & Content Delivery Permalink Share This blog post was originally published November 1 2017 on Jeff Barr’s AWS Blog. Read more about CloudFront’s recent launch of its 100th Edge Location and its some of its notable highlights from the past year. Create an AWS account Learn What Is AWS? What Is Cloud Computing? <a data-rg-n="Link" href="/what-is/agentic-ai/?nc1=f_cc" data-rigel-analytics="{"name":"Link","properties":{"size":1}}" c	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/networking-and-content-delivery/implementing-consistent-dns-query-logging-with-amazon-route-53-profiles/	Implementing consistent DNS Query Logging with Amazon Route 53 Profiles \| Networking & Content Delivery Skip to Main Content Filter: All English Contact us AWS Marketplace Support My account Search Filter: All Sign in to console Create account AWS Blogs Home Blogs Editions Networking & Content Delivery Implementing consistent DNS Query Logging with Amazon Route 53 Profiles by Aanchal Agrawal and Anushree Shetty on 05 JAN 2026 in Amazon Route 53 , AWS Transit Gateway , Intermediate (200) , Networking & Content Delivery , Resource Access Manager (RAM) , Security, Identity, & Compliance Permalink Share Managing DNS query logging across multiple Amazon Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs) has long been a significant challenge for enterprise teams. The traditional approach required manual configuration of DNS query logging for each VPC individually, creating a cascade of operational problems. This fragmented process led to inconsistent implementation across different environments, compliance gaps due to missed or misconfigured VPCs, and substantial operational burden from repetitive manual setup tasks. Teams often found themselves lacking comprehensive visibility into DNS activities across their entire AWS footprint, making troubleshooting complex when issues spanned multiple VPCs. We’re excited to announce a solution that addresses these pain points head-on. Amazon Route 53 Resolver Query Logging now integrates seamlessly with Amazon Route 53 Profiles , offering enterprise teams a centralized approach to DNS query management. You can use Route 53 Resolver Query Logging to log DNS queries that originate in your Amazon VPCs. With query logging enabled, you can observe which domain names have been queried, the AWS resources from which the queries originated, and the responses that were received. This intermediate level post highlights integration of Route 53 Profiles with Route 53 Resolver Query Logging. You can use Route 53 Profiles to simplify the management of DNS Query Logging, configuring logging once at the Profile level with automatic propagation to all associated VPCs, removing manual per-VPC configuration while providing consistent logging policies across expanding AWS infrastructures. This centralization significantly reduces operational complexity and management overhead, streamlines compliance verification, and prevents configuration drift across large-scale VPC deployments. The integration uses AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to facilitate secure sharing of these configurations across organizational boundaries, so that even the most complex multi-account architectures maintain comprehensive DNS visibility. This technical guide is designed for administrators, cloud architects, and security professionals who manage multi-account AWS environments with complex DNS configurations. You’ll discover how to dramatically reduce management overhead while strengthening security visibility and governance across your infrastructure. To get the most from this post, we recommend having foundational knowledge of key AWS networking services—including Amazon VPC, Amazon Route 53 Resolver , Amazon Route 53 Profiles, and AWS RAM along with basic DNS principles. What are Route 53 Profiles? Route 53 Profiles enables consistent DNS management so that you can establish standardized DNS configurations called Profiles, which encapsulate comprehensive DNS settings. These Profiles maintain uniformity across your DNS infrastructure by incorporating private hosted zones and their configurations, Route 53 Resolver rules (encompassing both forwarding and system rules), DNS Firewall rule groups, and Interface VPC endpoints. The Profile directly manages certain VPC-level DNS configurations, such as Reverse DNS lookup configuration for Resolver Rules, DNS Firewall failure mode configuration, and DNSSEC validation configuration. You can define DNS settings once and apply them consistently across multiple VPCs and AWS accounts, streamlining management, providing uniformity and consistency, and enhancing scalability as your AWS environment grows. This centralized approach streamlines DNS administration by automatically propagating updates to all associated VPCs. AWS RAM facilitates Profile sharing for cross-account management within the same AWS Region. Route 53 Resolver Query Logging Route 53 Resolver Query Logging logs all DNS queries processed by Route 53, the ones that originate from your VPC resources (such as Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instances, containers, or AWS Lambda functions) and the traffic processed by Route 53 Resolver endpoints. The logs capture information for queries that: Resolve local VPC DNS names Resolve to Route 53 private hosted zones Are forwarded to on-premises DNS servers through Route 53 Resolver Endpoints Are resolved over the public internet By default, all VPCs use the Route 53 Resolver to resolve DNS queries, and this feature captures a record of those requests and their responses. Each log entry includes the VPC ID, query timestamp, domain name requested (Query Name), type of DNS record sought (Query Type), DNS response code (such as NOERROR or NXDOMAIN), and the specific source IP and resource ID that initiated the query. When these logs are enabled, they publish to a central destination for analysis and retention, such as Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) , Amazon CloudWatch Logs , or Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose , with the requirement that these destinations must reside in the same Region as the query logging configuration. Route 53 Resolver Query Logging delivers essential visibility into your network’s DNS activity. It functions as a critical security tool for detecting malicious activity such as malware communication or data exfiltration via anomalous DNS queries. For compliance and audit purposes, it provides a detailed record of all name resolution activity. The service troubleshoots and creates a visibility pane for you to quickly diagnose DNS failures by revealing the source, the domain requested, and the response received. Challenges with consistent Route 53 Resolver Query Logging Maintaining a consistent DNS query logging with Route 53 Resolver involves creating query logging configurations in an AWS account and sharing these configurations with multiple accounts using AWS RAM. Therefore, each account can associate its VPCs with the shared logging configuration, so that logs can be collected in a centralized location such as CloudWatch Logs or an S3 bucket. However, challenges exist in this approach, including hard limits on the number of VPCs that can be associated per account and per AWS Region (typically 100) , and the fact that only the owning account can modify or delete the shared configurations. If the shared logging configuration is deleted or unshared, then DNS query logging stops for all associated VPCs, which can complicate management. Furthermore, implementing a unified logging solution that consolidates logs across multiple VPCs and accounts introduces significant complexity and increases the potential for configuration errors. Similarly, designing separate centralized logging systems for different environments (such as development, testing, and production) necessitates careful architecture and maintenance to avoid reliability issues. Integration with Route 53 Profiles You can use this new feature, Route 53 Resolver Query Logging integration with Route 53 Profiles, to implement DNS query logging across multiple VPCs through a single Profile configuration. This removes the need to configure logging separately for each VPC. Key benefits with this integration: Consistent configuration: Previously, DNS Query Logging implementation necessitated individual manual configuration for each Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) , resulting in considerable administrative burden as environments expanded. The introduction of Route 53 Profiles transforms this experience through centralized management, so that now you can configure Query Logging once at the Profile level, and the settings propagate automatically to all associated VPCs. This significant enhancement reduces operational complexity and provides consistent logging implementation across your growing AWS infrastructure. Operational efficiency: Network administrators define query logging configurations once and apply them consistently across their infrastructure, significantly reducing management overhead. Scale management: Enterprises managing large VPC fleets implement consistent logging policies through centralized profiles rather than managing individual configurations. Simplified compliance: Security teams ensure all VPCs adhere to logging requirements by associating them with properly configured profiles, making compliance verification clearer. Reduced configuration drift: Organizations can centralize logging configurations in profiles to minimize the risk of inconsistent settings across their environment. The integration works seamlessly with existing log destinations, supporting CloudWatch Logs, Amazon S3, and Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose. When a VPC is associated with a profile containing query logging configurations, DNS queries from that VPC are automatically logged to the specified destinations Centralizing and associating Route 53 Resolver Query Logging across accounts Prior to this launch, centralizing DNS query logs was a more cumbersome process to manage. In this section we examine the following two figures. Both figures share several common elements: An AWS Region encompassing all of the resources A Production account with a Production VPC A Development (Dev) account with a Dev VPC A Shared Services account with a Shared Services VPC A pre-configured AWS Transit Gateway in the Shared Services Account The Transit Gateway has attachments to the Shared Services VPC, Production VPC, and the Dev VPC Route 53 Resolver Query Logging enabled in the Shared Services Account AWS RAM for resource sharing Associating Route 53 Resolver Query Logging across accounts without Route 53 Profiles First we investigate Figure 1 and follow the steps for how Route 53 Resolver Query Logging was shared across different AWS accounts. Figure 1: Traditional approach – Sharing Route 53 Resolver Query Logging with other accounts without using Route 53 Profiles Based on Figure 1, these are the steps that were followed: Enable Route 53 Resolver Query Logging in the Shared Services account. The Query Logging is then shared with the other two accounts (Production and Dev) through AWS RAM as per Steps 2–4 When it is shared with the other accounts, Query logging needs to be manually associated with the VPCs. Associating Route 53 Resolver Query Logging across accounts with Route 53 Profiles With the Route 53 Profiles as shown in Figure 2, the process is streamlined: Figure 2: Sharing Amazon Route 53 Resolver Query Logging via Amazon Route 53 Profile Based on Figure 2, the steps would be as follows: Enable Route 53 Resolver Query Logging in the Shared Services account. Create a Route 53 Profiles in the Shared Services account. Associate Route 53 Resolver Query Logging with the Route 53 Profile. The Route 53 Profiles is shared with the Production and Dev accounts through AWS RAM. Associate the Production and Dev VPCs with the Profile. The VPCs automatically gain access to Route 53 Resolver Query Logging through their association (you can find the steps to associate resources in the Route 53 Profiles association documentation provided) with the Route 53 Profiles. Before this feature was launched, enabling Query Logging necessitated manual configuration for each Amazon VPC individually. This created significant operational overhead as infrastructure grew. Route 53 Profiles streamlines this process by attaching Query Logging to a Profile. In turn, the logging configuration is automatically applied to all VPCs associated with that Profile, thus streamlining management at scale. Dual association scenario If a VPC has both a direct Route 53 Resolver Query Logging association and Route 53 Profile based association, then the logs are generated and stored in two separate locations and may result in duplicate logging. To prevent redundant logging entries, implement a staged transition when adopting Profile-based query logging. First, create and associate your new logging configuration with the appropriate Profiles, then validate its proper functioning, and finally remove any pre-existing query logging configurations by stopping the logging from the VPCs and deleting it for the ones that are directly associated with individual VPCs. Direct VPC association logs maintain the existing format: (vpc-id_instance-id) Profile-based association logs use the new format: (profile-id_vpc-id_instance-id) Key considerations for centralizing Route 53 Resolver Query Logging with Route 53 Profiles Sharing resources with Route 53 Profiles works only within the same Region. The account with which the resources have been shared can’t modify or delete the configuration. If the configuration is deleted or unshared, then consolidated logging stops for all of the associated VPCs. Cross-account resource sharing through AWS RAM necessitates that both the resource owner and the sharing account have appropriate AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) permissions to create and manage the resource share. Without these permissions, access is restricted, and effective sharing or management of resources cannot be established. You can read more about the permissions in the AWS RAM documentation . Consolidated logging enhances data governance by enabling consistent access controls and minimizing human access, with automated systems handling read operations. Implement monitoring to alert on any write or admin access to the log storage. Route 53 Profiles and Route 53 Query logging offer comprehensive support for both IPv4 and IPv6 protocols. This provides full compatibility with modern network environments. Furthermore, organizations can use this dual-protocol support to effectively manage and monitor DNS queries across both address formats, providing enhanced visibility and control over network traffic regardless of the IP version in use. Availability and pricing Route 53 Profiles is available in all AWS Regions except Asia Pacific (New Zealand) and Asia Pacific (Taipei). For Route 53 Resolver Query logging the primary charges aren’t for the logging feature itself but for the downstream services used for log storage and analysis. Check CloudWatch Pricing , Amazon S3 Pricing , Amazon Data Firehose Pricing , and  Amazon Athena Pricing for individual pricing. Apart from the preceding costs, Route 53 Profile charges also apply. AWS designed the pricing model for maximum scalability and value, featuring a transparent, hourly, pay-as-you-go structure based on your Profile-VPC associations. Conclusion Integrating DNS query logging with Amazon Route 53 Profiles offers five key advantages. Route 53 Profiles revolutionizes Amazon Query Logging by replacing manual per-VPC configurations with a centralized management approach where settings automatically propagate to all associated VPCs. This integration significantly reduces operational overhead for network teams who can now define consistent logging policies once and apply them across their entire infrastructure regardless of scale. The solution also enables cross-account sharing of DNS configurations through AWS RAM, facilitating multi-account governance while streamlining compliance verification. Furthermore, organizations can remove the need for multiple manual configurations to minimize configuration drift risk and maintain uniform advanced settings across their growing AWS environment. This blog post showed how to set up DNS query logging using Route 53 Profile and offered guidance for organizations with the traditional architectures. We examined the difficulties associated with conventional solutions and walked through the detailed implementation process and recommended practices for incorporating DNS query logging with Route 53 Profiles. For additional information, check out these resources: Route 53 Profiles Amazon Route 53 Resolver Query Logging AWS Resource Access Manager About the authors Aanchal Agrawal Aanchal holds the position of Senior Technical Account Manager at AWS, where she specializes in Networking and Edge Security. Throughout her time at AWS, she has concentrated on aiding customers in effective cloud adoption. Leveraging her expertise in networking and edge security, she assists clients in constructing efficient and optimized cloud architectures. Anushree Shetty Anushree works as Senior Technical Account Manager at AWS. She specializes in Perimeter Protection and Edge services. She guides organizations through seamless AWS Edge migrations, crafting tailored cloud solutions that address specific business requirements and security needs. She consistently helps customers maximize the benefits of their cloud adoption, enhancing both their security posture and operational efficiency. Resources Networking Products Getting Started Amazon CloudFront Follow  Twitter  Facebook  LinkedIn  Twitch  Email Updates Create an AWS account Learn What Is AWS? What Is Cloud Computing? What Is Agentic AI? 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https://www.php.net/manual/es/refs.basic.other.php	PHP: Otras extensiones básicas - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box GeoIP » « SyncSharedMemory::write Manual de PHP Referencia de funciones Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other Otras extensiones básicas GeoIP — Localización geográfica de las IPs Introducción Instalación/Configuración Constantes predefinidas Funciones GeoIP FANN — FANN (Fast Artificial Neural Network - Red Neuronal Artificial Rápida) Introducción Instalación/Configuración Constantes predefinidas Ejemplos Funciones de Fann FANNConnection — La clase FANNConnection Igbinary Introducción Instalación/Configuración Funciones de Igbinary JSON — Notación Objeto JavaScript Introducción Instalación/Configuración Constantes predefinidas JsonException — La clase JsonException JsonSerializable — La interfaz JsonSerializable Funciones de JSON Simdjson Introducción Instalación/Configuración Constantes predefinidas Funciones de Simdjson SimdJsonException — La clase SimdJsonException SimdJsonValueError — La clase SimdJsonValueError Lua Introducción Instalación/Configuración Lua — La clase Lua LuaClosure — La clase LuaClosure LuaSandbox Introducción Instalación/Configuración Diferencias con Lua estándar Ejemplos LuaSandbox — La clase LuaSandbox LuaSandboxFunction — La clase LuaSandboxFunction LuaSandboxError — La clase LuaSandboxError LuaSandboxErrorError — La clase LuaSandboxErrorError LuaSandboxFatalError — La clase LuaSandboxFatalError LuaSandboxMemoryError — La clase LuaSandboxMemoryError LuaSandboxRuntimeError — La clase LuaSandboxRuntimeError LuaSandboxSyntaxError — La clase LuaSandboxSyntaxError LuaSandboxTimeoutError — La clase LuaSandboxTimeoutError Misc. — Funciones varias Introducción Instalación/Configuración Constantes predefinidas Funciones Varias Registro de cambios Random — Generadores de Números Aleatorios y Funciones Relacionadas con la Aleatoriedad Introducción Constantes predefinidas Ejemplos Funciones de números aleatorios Random\Randomizer — La clase Random\Randomizer Random\IntervalBoundary — La enumeración Random\IntervalBoundary Random\Engine — La interfaz Random\Engine Random\CryptoSafeEngine — La interfaz Random\CryptoSafeEngine Random\Engine\Secure — La clase Random\Engine\Secure Random\Engine\Mt19937 — La clase Random\Engine\Mt19937 Random\Engine\PcgOneseq128XslRr64 — La clase Random\Engine\PcgOneseq128XslRr64 Random\Engine\Xoshiro256StarStar — La clase Random\Engine\Xoshiro256StarStar Random\RandomError — La clase Random\RandomError Random\BrokenRandomEngineError — La clase Random\BrokenRandomEngineError Random\RandomException — La clase Random\RandomException Seaslog Introducción Instalación/Configuración Constantes predefinidas Ejemplos Funciones de Seaslog SeasLog — La clase SeasLog SPL — SPL - Biblioteca estándar de PHP Interfaces Estructuras de datos Excepciones Iteradores File Handling Funciones SPL Flujos Introducción Instalación/Configuración Constantes predefinidas Filtros de Flujos Contextos de Flujos Errores de Flujos Ejemplos php_user_filter — La clase php_user_filter streamWrapper — La clase streamWrapper Funciones de Flujos Swoole Introducción Instalación/Configuración Constantes predefinidas Funciones de Swoole Swoole\Async — La clase Swoole\Async Swoole\Atomic — La clase Swoole\Atomic Swoole\Buffer — La clase Swoole\Buffer Swoole\Channel — La clase Swoole\Channel Swoole\Client — La clase Swoole\Client Swoole\Connection\Iterator — La clase Swoole\Connection\Iterator Swoole\Coroutine — La clase Swoole\Coroutine Swoole\Coroutine\Lock — The Swoole\Coroutine\Lock class Swoole\Event — La clase Swoole\Event Swoole\Exception — La clase Swoole\Exception Swoole\Http\Client — La clase Swoole\Http\Client Swoole\Http\Request — La clase Swoole\Http\Request Swoole\Http\Response — La clase Swoole\Http\Response Swoole\Http\Server — La clase Swoole\Http\Server Swoole\Lock — La clase Swoole\Lock Swoole\Mmap — La clase Swoole\Mmap Swoole\MySQL — La clase Swoole\MySQL Swoole\MySQL\Exception — La clase Swoole\MySQL\Exception Swoole\Process — La clase Swoole\Process Swoole\Redis\Server — La clase Swoole\Redis\Server Swoole\Runtime — The Swoole\Runtime class Swoole\Serialize — La clase Swoole\Serialize Swoole\Server — La clase Swoole\Server Swoole\Table — La clase Swoole\Table Swoole\Timer — La clase Swoole\Timer Swoole\WebSocket\Frame — La clase Swoole\WebSocket\Frame Swoole\WebSocket\Server — La clase Swoole\WebSocket\Server Tidy Introducción Instalación/Configuración Constantes predefinidas Ejemplos tidy — La clase tidy tidyNode — La clase tidyNode Funciones de Tidy Tokenizer Introducción Instalación/Configuración Constantes predefinidas Ejemplos PhpToken — La clase PhpToken Funciones Tokenizer URLs Introducción Constantes predefinidas Funciones de URL V8js — Motor de integración V8 Javascript Introducción Instalación/Configuración Ejemplos V8Js — La clase V8Js V8JsException — La clase V8JsException Yaml — Serialización de datos YAML Introducción Instalación/Configuración Constantes predefinidas Ejemplos Callbacks Funciones de Yaml Yaf — Yet Another Framework Introducción Instalación/Configuración Constantes predefinidas Ejemplos Configuración de la Aplicación Yaf_Application — La clase Yaf_Application Yaf_Bootstrap_Abstract — La clase Yaf_Bootstrap_Abstract Yaf_Dispatcher — La clase Yaf_Dispatcher Yaf_Config_Abstract — La clase Yaf_Config_Abstract Yaf_Config_Ini — La clase Yaf_Config_Ini Yaf_Config_Simple — LA clase Yaf_Config_Simple Yaf_Controller_Abstract — La clase Yaf_Controller_Abstract Yaf_Action_Abstract — La clase Yaf_Action_Abstract Yaf_View_Interface — La clase Yaf_View_Interface Yaf_View_Simple — La clase Yaf_View_Simple Yaf_Loader — La clase Yaf_Loader Yaf_Plugin_Abstract — La clase Yaf_Plugin_Abstract Yaf_Registry — La clase Yaf_Registry Yaf_Request_Abstract — La clase Yaf_Request_Abstract Yaf_Request_Http — La clase Yaf_Request_Http Yaf_Request_Simple — La clase Yaf_Request_Simple Yaf_Response_Abstract — La clase Yaf_Response_Abstract Yaf_Route_Interface — La clase Yaf_Route_Interface Yaf_Route_Map — La clase Yaf_Route_Map Yaf_Route_Regex — La clase Yaf_Route_Regex Yaf_Route_Rewrite — La clase Yaf_Route_Rewrite Yaf_Router — La clase Yaf_Router Yaf_Route_Simple — La clase Yaf_Route_Simple Yaf_Route_Static — La clase Yaf_Route_Static Yaf_Route_Supervar — La clase Yaf_Route_Supervar Yaf_Session — La clase Yaf_Session Yaf_Exception — La clase Yaf_Exception Yaf_Exception_TypeError — La clase Yaf_Exception_TypeError Yaf_Exception_StartupError — La clase Yaf_Exception_StartupError Yaf_Exception_DispatchFailed — La clase Yaf_Exception_DispatchFailed Yaf_Exception_RouterFailed — La clase Yaf_Exception_RouterFailed Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed — La clase Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Module — La clase Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Module Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Controller — La clase Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Controller Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Action — La clase Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_Action Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_View — La clase Yaf_Exception_LoadFailed_View Yaconf Introducción Instalación/Configuración Yaconf — La clase Yaconf Taint Introducción Instalación/Configuración Más detalles Funciones de taint Estructuras de datos Introducción Instalación/Configuración Ejemplos Ds\Collection — La interfaz Collection Ds\Hashable — La interface Hashable Ds\Sequence — La interfaz Sequence Ds\Vector — La clase Vector Ds\Deque — La clase Deque Ds\Map — La clase Map Ds\Pair — La clase Pair Ds\Set — La clase Set Ds\Stack — La clase Stack Ds\Queue — La clase Queue Ds\PriorityQueue — La clase PriorityQueue var_representation Introducción Instalación/Configuración Constantes predefinidas Funciones de var_representation Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes There are no user contributed notes for this page. Referencia de funciones Afecta el comportamiento de PHP Manipulación de formatos de audio Servicios de autenticación Extensiones específicas de la línea de comandos Extensiones de compresión y archivos Extensiones criptográficas Extensiones de bases de datos Extensiones relacionadas con fecha y hora Extensiones relacionadas con el sistema de ficheros Soporte para lenguaje humano y codificación de caracteres Procesamiento y generación de imágenes Extensiones relacionadas con Email Extensiones matemáticas Salida MIME que no es texto Extensiones de control de procesos Otras extensiones básicas Otros servicios Extensiones para motores de búsqueda Extensiones específicas para Servidores Extensiones de sesiones Procesamiento de texto Extensiones relacionadas con variable y tipo Servicios web Extensiones específicas de Windows Manipulación de XML Extensiones de GUI Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.timeforkids.com/k1/topics/music-and-theater/	TIME for Kids \| Music and Theater \| Topic \| K-1 Skip to main content Search Articles by Grade level Grades K-1 Articles Grade 2 Articles Grades 3-4 Articles Grades 5-6 Articles Topics Animals Arts Ask Angela Books Business Careers Community Culture Debate Earth Science Education Election 2024 Engineering Environment Food and Nutrition Games Government History Holidays Inventions Movies and Television Music and Theater Nature News People Places Podcasts Science Service Stars Space Sports The Human Body The View Transportation Weather World Young Game Changers Your $ Financial Literacy Content Grade 4 Edition Grade 5-6 Edition For Grown-ups Resource Spotlight Also from TIME for Kids: Log In role: none user_age: none editions: The page you are about to enter is for grown-ups. Enter your birth date to continue. Month (MM) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 Year (YYYY) 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Submit Music and Theater Arts In the Orchestra September 8, 2023 There are many types of instruments in an orchestra. They make different sounds. The instruments are grouped into four sections. Players in each group sit together. How do musicians stay on the beat? They look to their conductor. The conductor leads… Audio Arts In the Orchestra October 15, 2020 An orchestra is a big group of people who play music together. It is led by a conductor. He or she helps the musicians create music. Read on to learn more about the instruments in the orchestra. Find out how… Audio Spanish Arts Violin in the Spotlight October 15, 2020 The violin is a stringed instrument. It is the smallest instrument in the string family. Learn about the parts of a violin. 1. Neck A player holds the violin by the neck. He or she presses the strings in different… Audio Arts Inspired by Kids March 15, 2019 Shiver me timbers! The Story Pirates think kids have great ideas. The group uses these ideas to create shows, books, and podcasts. Read on to learn more about the Story Pirates’ work. Think Big The Story Pirates visit schools. They… Audio Spanish Arts Let's Do Improv! March 15, 2019 Improv is short for improvisation. It is a type of theater. Everything is made up on the spot. The performers discover what is happening as they go. Nick Kanellis and Peter McNerney are expert improvisers. They teach improv classes. They… Contact us Privacy policy California privacy Terms of Service Subscribe CLASSROOM INTERNATIONAL © 2026 TIME USA, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Powered by WordPress.com VIP	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/manual/it/function.echo.php	PHP: echo - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box explode » « crypt Manuale PHP Guida Funzioni Elaborazione testo Strings String Funzioni Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other echo (PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) echo — Visualizza una o più stringhe Descrizione echo ( string $arg1 , string $... = ? ): void Visualizza tutti i parametri. echo in realtà non è una funzione (è un costrutto del linguaggio) pertanto non richiede l'uso di parentesi. echo (diversamente da altri costrutti del linguaggio)) non si comporta come una funzion, quindi non può essere sempre usata nel constesto di una funzione. Inoltre,se si vuole passare più di un parametro a echo , i parametri non devono essere racchiusi tra parentesi. echo ha anche una sintassi abbreviata, nella quale si può immediatamente seguire il simbolo di apertura del tag con un simbolo di uguale. questa sintassi abbreviata funziona solo se la configurazione short_open_tag è abilitata. Numero di foo: <?=$foo?> . Elenco dei parametri arg1 Il parametro da visualizzare. ... Valori restituiti Nessun valore viene restituito. Esempi Example #1 Esempi della funzione echo <?php echo "Hello World" ; echo "This spans multiple lines. The newlines will be output as well" ; echo "This spans\nmultiple lines. The newlines will be\noutput as well." ; echo "Escaping characters is done \"Like this\"." ; // Si possono utilizzare variabili all'interno dei parametri di echo $foo = "foobar" ; $bar = "barbaz" ; echo "foo is $foo " ; // foo is foobar // Si possono utilizzare anche delle matrici $baz = array( "value" => "foo" ); echo "this is { $baz [ 'value' ]} !" ; // this is foo ! // Utilizzando gli apici singoli viene visualizzato il nome della variabile, non il valore echo 'foo is $foo' ; // foo is $foo // Se non vi sono altri caratteri, si può visualizzare soltanto il contenuto delle variabili echo $foo ; // foobar echo $foo , $bar ; // foobarbarbaz // Alcuni programmatori preferiscono passare i parametri come sequenza di stringhe concatenate. echo 'This ' , 'string ' , 'was ' , 'made ' , 'with multiple parameters.' , chr ( 10 ); echo 'This ' . 'string ' . 'was ' . 'made ' . 'with concatenation.' . "\n" ; echo <<<END Questo esempio utilizza la sintassi "here document" per visualizzare più linee oltre al contenuto di $variable Notare che il terminatore del testo richiede anche il punto e virgola, senza alcun spazio aggiuntivo! END; // Poiché echo non è una funzione la seguente riga non è valida. ( $some_var ) ? echo 'true' : echo 'false' ; // Tuttavia la seguente funziona ( $some_var ) ? print 'true' : print 'false' ; // print è un costrutto, ma // si comporta come una funzione, quindi // può essere utilizzato in questo contesto. echo $some_var ? 'true' : 'false' ; // altra versione dell'istruzione ?> Note Nota : Poiché questo è un costrutto del linguaggio e non una funzione, non può essere chiamato con le variabili funzione Vedere anche: print - Visualizza una stringa printf() - Visualizza una stringa formattata flush() - Flush system output buffer sintassi heredoc Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes 1 note up down 39 pemapmodder1970 at gmail dot com ¶ 8 years ago Passing multiple parameters to echo using commas (',')is not exactly identical to using the concatenation operator ('.'). There are two notable differences. First, concatenation operators have much higher precedence. Referring to http://php.net/operators.precedence, there are many operators with lower precedence than concatenation, so it is a good idea to use the multi-argument form instead of passing concatenated strings. <?php echo "The sum is " . 1 \| 2 ; // output: "2". Parentheses needed. echo "The sum is " , 1 \| 2 ; // output: "The sum is 3". Fine. ?> Second, a slightly confusing phenomenon is that unlike passing arguments to functions, the values are evaluated one by one. <?php function f ( $arg ){ var_dump ( $arg ); return $arg ; } echo "Foo" . f ( "bar" ) . "Foo" ; echo "\n\n" ; echo "Foo" , f ( "bar" ), "Foo" ; ?> The output would be: string(3) "bar"FoobarFoo Foostring(3) "bar" barFoo It would become a confusing bug for a script that uses blocking functions like sleep() as parameters: <?php while( true ){ echo "Loop start!\n" , sleep ( 1 ); } ?> vs <?php while( true ){ echo "Loop started!\n" . sleep ( 1 ); } ?> With ',' the cursor stops at the beginning every newline, while with '.' the cursor stops after the 0 in the beginning every line (because sleep() returns 0). ＋ add a note String Funzioni addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/classOutputBuffer.html	LLVM: OutputBuffer Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Member Functions \| Public Attributes \| List of all members OutputBuffer Class Reference #include " llvm/Demangle/Utility.h " Public Member Functions   OutputBuffer ( char StartBuf, size_t Size )   OutputBuffer ( char StartBuf, size_t SizePtr)   OutputBuffer ()=default   OutputBuffer ( const OutputBuffer &)=delete OutputBuffer &  operator= ( const OutputBuffer &)=delete virtual  ~OutputBuffer ()=default   operator std::string_view () const virtual void  printLeft ( const Node & N )   Called by the demangler when printing the demangle tree. virtual void  printRight ( const Node & N ) virtual void  notifyInsertion (size_t, size_t)   Called when we write to this object anywhere other than the end. virtual void  notifyDeletion (size_t, size_t)   Called when we make the CurrentPosition of this object smaller. bool   isInParensInTemplateArgs () const   Returns true if we're currently between a '(' and ')' when printing template args. bool   isInsideTemplateArgs () const   Returns true if we're printing template args. void  printOpen ( char Open='(') void  printClose ( char Close=')') OutputBuffer &  operator+= (std::string_view R) OutputBuffer &  operator+= ( char C ) OutputBuffer &  prepend (std::string_view R) OutputBuffer &  operator<< (std::string_view R) OutputBuffer &  operator<< ( char C ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< (long long N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< ( unsigned long long N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< (long N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< ( unsigned long N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< (int N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< ( unsigned int N ) void  insert (size_t Pos, const char S, size_t N ) size_t  getCurrentPosition () const void  setCurrentPosition (size_t NewPos) char   back () const bool   empty () const char *  getBuffer () char *  getBufferEnd () size_t  getBufferCapacity () const Public Attributes unsigned   CurrentPackIndex = std::numeric_limits< unsigned >::max()   If a ParameterPackExpansion (or similar type) is encountered, the offset into the pack that we're currently printing. unsigned   CurrentPackMax = std::numeric_limits< unsigned >::max() struct {      unsigned     ParenDepth = 0    The depth of '(' and ')' inside the currently printed template arguments. More...     bool     InsideTemplate = false    True if we're currently printing a template argument. More... }  TemplateTracker Detailed Description Definition at line 34 of file Utility.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer() [1/4] OutputBuffer::OutputBuffer ( char * StartBuf , size_t Size  ) inline Definition at line 75 of file Utility.h . References Size . Referenced by operator+=() , operator+=() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator=() , OutputBuffer() , OutputBuffer() , and prepend() . ◆  OutputBuffer() [2/4] OutputBuffer::OutputBuffer ( char * StartBuf , size_t * SizePtr  ) inline Definition at line 77 of file Utility.h . References OutputBuffer() . ◆  OutputBuffer() [3/4] OutputBuffer::OutputBuffer ( ) default ◆  OutputBuffer() [4/4] OutputBuffer::OutputBuffer ( const OutputBuffer & ) delete References OutputBuffer() . ◆  ~OutputBuffer() virtual OutputBuffer::~OutputBuffer ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  back() char OutputBuffer::back ( ) const inline Definition at line 213 of file Utility.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT . ◆  empty() bool OutputBuffer::empty ( ) const inline Definition at line 218 of file Utility.h . ◆  getBuffer() char * OutputBuffer::getBuffer ( ) inline Definition at line 220 of file Utility.h . Referenced by llvm::dlangDemangle() , removeNullBytes() , and llvm::ThinLTOCodeGenerator::writeGeneratedObject() . ◆  getBufferCapacity() size_t OutputBuffer::getBufferCapacity ( ) const inline Definition at line 222 of file Utility.h . ◆  getBufferEnd() char * OutputBuffer::getBufferEnd ( ) inline Definition at line 221 of file Utility.h . ◆  getCurrentPosition() size_t OutputBuffer::getCurrentPosition ( ) const inline Definition at line 207 of file Utility.h . Referenced by decodePunycode() , llvm::dlangDemangle() , and removeNullBytes() . ◆  insert() void OutputBuffer::insert ( size_t Pos , const char * S , size_t N  ) inline Definition at line 194 of file Utility.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , N , and notifyInsertion() . Referenced by decodePunycode() . ◆  isInParensInTemplateArgs() bool OutputBuffer::isInParensInTemplateArgs ( ) const inline Returns true if we're currently between a '(' and ')' when printing template args. Definition at line 118 of file Utility.h . References TemplateTracker . ◆  isInsideTemplateArgs() bool OutputBuffer::isInsideTemplateArgs ( ) const inline Returns true if we're printing template args. Definition at line 123 of file Utility.h . References TemplateTracker . Referenced by printClose() , and printOpen() . ◆  notifyDeletion() virtual void OutputBuffer::notifyDeletion ( size_t , size_t  ) inline virtual Called when we make the CurrentPosition of this object smaller. Definition at line 100 of file Utility.h . Referenced by setCurrentPosition() . ◆  notifyInsertion() virtual void OutputBuffer::notifyInsertion ( size_t , size_t  ) inline virtual Called when we write to this object anywhere other than the end. Definition at line 97 of file Utility.h . Referenced by insert() , and prepend() . ◆  operator std::string_view() OutputBuffer::operator std::string_view ( ) const inline Definition at line 86 of file Utility.h . ◆  operator+=() [1/2] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator+= ( char C ) inline Definition at line 145 of file Utility.h . References C() , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator+=() [2/2] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator+= ( std::string_view R ) inline Definition at line 136 of file Utility.h . References OutputBuffer() , and Size . ◆  operator<<() [1/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( char C ) inline Definition at line 168 of file Utility.h . References C() , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [2/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( int N ) inline Definition at line 186 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [3/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( long long N ) inline Definition at line 170 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [4/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( long N ) inline Definition at line 178 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [5/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( std::string_view R ) inline Definition at line 166 of file Utility.h . References OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [6/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( unsigned int N ) inline Definition at line 190 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [7/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( unsigned long long N ) inline Definition at line 174 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [8/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( unsigned long N ) inline Definition at line 182 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator=() OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator= ( const OutputBuffer & ) delete References OutputBuffer() . ◆  prepend() OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::prepend ( std::string_view R ) inline Definition at line 151 of file Utility.h . References notifyInsertion() , OutputBuffer() , and Size . ◆  printClose() void OutputBuffer::printClose ( char Close = ')' ) inline Definition at line 130 of file Utility.h . References isInsideTemplateArgs() , and TemplateTracker . ◆  printLeft() void OutputBuffer::printLeft ( const Node & N ) inline virtual Called by the demangler when printing the demangle tree. By default calls into Node::print {Left\|Right} but can be overriden by clients to track additional state when printing the demangled name. Definition at line 6202 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References N . ◆  printOpen() void OutputBuffer::printOpen ( char Open = '(' ) inline Definition at line 125 of file Utility.h . References isInsideTemplateArgs() , and TemplateTracker . ◆  printRight() void OutputBuffer::printRight ( const Node & N ) inline virtual Definition at line 6204 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References N . ◆  setCurrentPosition() void OutputBuffer::setCurrentPosition ( size_t NewPos ) inline Definition at line 208 of file Utility.h . References notifyDeletion() . Referenced by llvm::dlangDemangle() , and removeNullBytes() . Member Data Documentation ◆  CurrentPackIndex unsigned OutputBuffer::CurrentPackIndex = std::numeric_limits< unsigned >::max() If a ParameterPackExpansion (or similar type) is encountered, the offset into the pack that we're currently printing. Definition at line 104 of file Utility.h . ◆  CurrentPackMax unsigned OutputBuffer::CurrentPackMax = std::numeric_limits< unsigned >::max() Definition at line 105 of file Utility.h . ◆  InsideTemplate bool OutputBuffer::InsideTemplate = false True if we're currently printing a template argument. Definition at line 113 of file Utility.h . ◆  ParenDepth unsigned OutputBuffer::ParenDepth = 0 The depth of '(' and ')' inside the currently printed template arguments. Definition at line 110 of file Utility.h . ◆  [struct] struct { ... } OutputBuffer::TemplateTracker Referenced by isInParensInTemplateArgs() , isInsideTemplateArgs() , printClose() , and printOpen() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following files: include/llvm/Demangle/ Utility.h include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/manual/pt_BR/function.tidy-get-output.php	PHP: tidy_get_output - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box tidy_warning_count » « tidy_error_count Manual do PHP Referência das Funções Outras Extensões Básicas Tidy Funções de Tidy Selecione a língua: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other tidy_get_output (PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8, PECL tidy >= 0.5.2) tidy_get_output — Retorna uma string representando a marcação Tidy analisada Descrição tidy_get_output ( tidy $tidy ): string Obtém uma string com o html reparado. Parâmetros tidy Um objeto Tidy . Valor Retornado Retorna a marcação Tidy analisada. Exemplos Exemplo #1 Exemplo de tidy_get_output() <?php $html = '<p>paragraph</i>' ; $tidy = tidy_parse_string ( $html ); $tidy -> cleanRepair (); echo tidy_get_output ( $tidy ); ?> O exemplo acima produzirá: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN"> <html> <head> <title></title> </head> <body> <p>paragraph</p> </body> </html> Melhore Esta Página Aprenda Como Melhorar Esta Página • Envie uma Solicitação de Modificação • Reporte um Problema ＋ adicionar nota Notas de Usuários 1 note up down 1 jon+php_net at phpsitesolutions dot com ¶ 17 years ago If you don't feel like going procedural to get the HTML output, you can simple use this alternative: <?php $html = <<<HTML <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" " http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd "> <html xmlns=" http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml " xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head><title>title</title></head> <body> <p>paragraph <br /> text</p> </body></html> HTML; $tidy = new tidy ; $tidy -> parseString ( $html ); $tidy -> cleanRepair (); echo $tidy -> html ()-> value ; ?> You can even more simply access the HTML output via this: <?php echo $tidy -> value ; ?> ＋ adicionar nota Funções de Tidy ob_tidyhandler tidy_access_count tidy_config_count tidy_error_count tidy_get_output tidy_warning_count Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.timeforkids.com/k1/topics/news/	TIME for Kids \| News \| Topic \| K-1 Skip to main content Search Articles by Grade level Grades K-1 Articles Grade 2 Articles Grades 3-4 Articles Grades 5-6 Articles Topics Animals Arts Ask Angela Books Business Careers Community Culture Debate Earth Science Education Election 2024 Engineering Environment Food and Nutrition Games Government History Holidays Inventions Movies and Television Music and Theater Nature News People Places Podcasts Science Service Stars Space Sports The Human Body The View Transportation Weather World Young Game Changers Your $ Financial Literacy Content Grade 4 Edition Grade 5-6 Edition For Grown-ups Resource Spotlight Also from TIME for Kids: Log In role: none user_age: none editions: The page you are about to enter is for grown-ups. Enter your birth date to continue. Month (MM) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 Year (YYYY) 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Submit News Contact us Privacy policy California privacy Terms of Service Subscribe CLASSROOM INTERNATIONAL © 2026 TIME USA, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Powered by WordPress.com VIP	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/manual/de/function.tidy-warning-count.php	PHP: tidy_warning_count - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box Tokenizer » « tidy_get_output PHP-Handbuch Funktionsreferenz Sonstige Grunderweiterungen Tidy Tidy Funktionen Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other tidy_warning_count (PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8, PECL tidy >= 0.5.2) tidy_warning_count — Returns the Number of Tidy warnings encountered for specified document Beschreibung tidy_warning_count ( tidy $tidy ): int Returns the number of Tidy warnings encountered for the specified document. Parameter-Liste tidy Das Tidy Objekt. Rückgabewerte Returns the number of warnings. Beispiele Beispiel #1 tidy_warning_count() example <?php $html = '<p>test</i> <bogustag>bogus</bogustag>' ; $tidy = tidy_parse_string ( $html ); echo tidy_error_count ( $tidy ) . "\n" ; //1 echo tidy_warning_count ( $tidy ) . "\n" ; //5 ?> Siehe auch tidy_error_count() - Returns the Number of Tidy errors encountered for specified document tidy_access_count() - Returns the Number of Tidy accessibility warnings encountered for specified document Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes There are no user contributed notes for this page. Tidy Funktionen ob_tidyhandler tidy_access_count tidy_config_count tidy_error_count tidy_get_output tidy_warning_count Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/networking-and-content-delivery/aws-reinvent-2025-your-ultimate-aws-networking-guide-to-this-years-must-attend-cloud-event/#aws-page-content-main	re:Invent 2025: Your ultimate AWS Networking guide to this year’s must-attend cloud event \| Networking & Content Delivery Skip to Main Content Filter: All English Contact us AWS Marketplace Support My account Search Filter: All Sign in to console Create account AWS Blogs Home Blogs Editions Networking & Content Delivery re:Invent 2025: Your ultimate AWS Networking guide to this year’s must-attend cloud event by Anusha Jampala on 25 NOV 2025 in Amazon CloudFront , Amazon VPC , Amazon VPC Lattice , AWS Cloud WAN , Elastic Load Balancing , Networking & Content Delivery Permalink Share Before you head into the Thanksgiving holiday, take a moment to read through this guide and start planning your AWS Networking re:Invent journey! From December 1st to December 5th, Las Vegas, Nevada will transform into the ultimate destination for cloud innovation, making it the perfect time to look ahead to the one of the most anticipated event of the year. Experience five action-packed days where you can dive deep into the latest AWS Networking, learn about latest innovations, and connect with industry leaders. With over 2,000 learning sessions at your fingertips, you’ll have the opportunity to sharpen your skills, discover new strategies, and stay ahead of the curve in the rapidly evolving cloud landscape. Keynotes and Innovation talks Join AWS leadership as they unveil the most significant announcements, new service launches, and product updates that will shape the future of cloud computing. The keynotes often feature major service reveals, infrastructure improvements, and connectivity innovations that will be crucial for your cloud strategy. Next on the list is Innovation session INV213, “The Power of Cloud Network Innovation,” which delivers a comprehensive high-level overview of AWS’s newest networking innovations and recent launches. Journey through an evolution of AWS networking and discover how it continues to serve as the foundation for how AWS delivers on the promise of cloud computing. Join Robert Kennedy, VP, AWS Network Services, as he unveils innovative breakthroughs powering today’s cloud infrastructure. Through customer examples and exclusive behind-the-scenes insights, learn how AWS transforms networking across every layer – from our global backbone to AI/ML-optimized data centers, advanced content delivery, enhanced perimeter protection and security, scalable VPC networking, and global connectivity solutions. Watch how these innovations enable customers to build the next generation of cloud applications and modern networks. Session types These sessions are available in the following formats. Most of the sessions are under the topic of  Networking and Content Delivery in the event catalog. If you plan to attend in person, lightning talks are walk-up only. For all other session types, you can reserve your seat through the event portal (login required) or join as a walk-up based on availability. Breakout sessions – Lecture-style 60-minute presentations led by AWS networking experts and customers. Lightning talks – 20-minute content on specific topics. Each networking lightning talk features a recent launch. Chalk talks – 60-minute interactive sessions where AWS experts lead discussions and whiteboard in real time. Code talks – 60-minute sessions featuring coding demonstrations and technical implementations. Workshops  – Hands-on, 120-minute sessions where you work directly with AWS services in a guided environment. Builder Sessions – Attendees participate in a one-hour session and build something. Breakout sessions Here’s a bird’s eye view of all the breakout sessions in the networking track. Session Date              Venue NET208 \| AWS Networking Fundamentals: Connect, secure and scale Dec 1st 8:30 am Caesars Forum Summit 212 \| Content Hub \| Pink Screen NET211 \| State of the Edge: Delivery of the web with CloudFront, WAF, and Shield Dec 1st 8:30 am Mandalay Bay South Seas F NET307 \| Streaming at Scale: Advanced Media Delivery with Amazon CloudFront Dec 3rd 9:00 am Mandalay Bay Oceanside C \| Content Hub \| Mint Green Screen NET309 \| A modern approach to application migration with Amazon VPC Lattice Dec 1st 5:30 pm Wynn Lafite 7 \| Content Hub \| Pink Theater NET311 \| Global Resilient Apps: Guide to Multi-AZ/Region Architecture with ELB Dec 3rd 8:30 am Venetian Lido 3006 NET313 \| Fortifying encryption in transit: speed, security and AWS Nitro Power Dec 1st 12:00 pm Caesars Forum Summit 212 \| Content Hub \| Orange Screen NET316 \| Scaling Multi-Tenant SaaS Delivery with Amazon CloudFront Dec 3rd 10:30 am MGM Grand 122 NET317 \| A day in the life of an AWS WAF administrator Dec 1st 4:30 pm Mandalay Bay Oceanside C \| Content Hub \| Mint Green Screen NET318 \| From threat to threat intel: 360 degrees of DDOS Dec 4th 1:00 pm Wynn Lafite 7 \| Content Hub \| Mint Green Theater NET326 \| Robust network security with perimeter protection and zero trust Dec 2nd 5:30 pm Wynn Lafite 7 \| Content Hub \| Turquoise Theater NET340 \| Advanced VPC design and new capabilities Dec 3rd 5:30 pm MGM Chairman’s 366 NET401 \| Deep dive into advanced routing policy with AWS Cloud WAN Dec 3rd 2:30 pm Wynn Lafite 7 \| Content Hub \| Pink Theater NET402 \| Powering your success through AWS Infrastructure innovations Dec 1st 3:00 pm Mandalay Bay Islander F NET403 \| Hybrid connectivity at scale: A deep dive into AWS Direct Connect Dec 3rd 4:30 pm MGM Grand 122 NET334 \| [NEW LAUNCH] Deep dive: The evolution of AWS load balancing and new capabilities Dec 2nd 1:00 pm Mandalay Bay South Seas F NET337 \| [NEW LAUNCH] Simplify connectivity from remote sites – updates and eero integration Dec 1st 2:30 pm MGM Grand 123 Lightning talks Session Date Venue NET336 \| [NEW LAUNCH] Load balancing evolved: ALB Target Optimizer Dec 2nd 2:00 pm Venetian Hall B \| Expo \| Theater 5 Chalk talks Session Date  Venue NET203-R \| Ask Me Anything About AWS Networking Dec 1st 11:30 am Dec 3rd 12:00 pm [Repeat] Caesars Forum Academy 411Mandalay Bay South Seas H NET209 \| From data center to the cloud: Translating network architecture to AWS Dec 1st 12:30 pm MGM Premier 309 NET210 \| Network observability in AWS: Picking the right tool for the job Dec 1st 12:00 pm MGM Boulevard 156 NET213 \| From Pods to Gateway API: Container Networking Mysteries Solved! Dec 1st  4:30 pm MGM Boulevard 169 NET214 \| Choosing the right AWS network connectivity option for your use case Dec 3rd 10:30 am MGM Terrace 152 NET302 \| How CloudFront Handles Black Friday-Scale Retail at the Edge Dec 2nd 4:00 pm MGM Room 101 NET303-R \| I didn’t know AWS WAF did this Dec 1st 10:30 am Dec 4th 2:30 pm [Repeat] Mandalay Bay South Seas HMandalay Bay South Seas D NET304-R \| Practical Applications of Edge Compute in Amazon CloudFront Dec 1st 1:00 pm Dec 2nd 2:30 pm [Repeat] MGM Chairman’s 356MGM Room 350 NET314-R \| Solving private IPv4 exhaustion using AWS Cloud WAN and Amazon VPC Lattice Dec 1st 3:00 pm Dec 2nd 11:30 am [Repeat] Mandalay Bay South Seas HMGM Room 306 NET315 \| The Art of Managing Trade-Offs for your AWS Network Design Dec 3rd 1:30 pm MGM Premier 309 NET319 \| Elastic Load Balancing cookbook: Advanced recipes for ALB and NLB Dec 2nd 12:00 pm Mandalay Bay South Seas H NET320-R \| Origin management for multi-region applications with Amazon CloudFront Dec 1st 9:00 am Dec 4th 11:00 am [Repeat] MGM Chairman’s 362MGM Boulevard 167 NET321 \| Measure what matters: Web & API optimization with Amazon CloudFront Dec 2nd 12:00 pm MGM Room 353 NET322 \| Level Up Your Bot Defense for Mobile Apps with AWS WAF SDK Dec 3rd 4:30 pm MGM Boulevard 169 NET325 \| Network security architecture: Deployment patterns for firewalls in AWS Dec 4th 4:00 pm MGM Boulevard 156 Code talks Session Date Venue NET323-R \| Networks at scale and how to automate operations Dec 2nd 2:30 pm Dec 3rd 8:30 am [Repeat] Mandalay Bay Jasmine FMandalay Bay Jasmine F NET324-R \| Managing Bots vs Humans with CloudFront and AWS WAF Dec 3rd 12:00 am Dec 4th 2:00 pm [Repeat] Mandalay Bay Jasmine HMandalay Bay Jasmine F NET331 \| AWS Cloud WAN MCP Server: Transform network operations with GenAI Dec 1st 11:30 am Mandalay Bay Jasmine F Workshops Session Date Venue NET202-R \| Application networking simplified: From basics to best practices Dec 3rd 8:30 am Dec 4th 3:00 pm [Repeat] MGM Grand 120MGM Premier 317 NET305 \| Simplifying Multi-Tenant SaaS Delivery with CloudFront Dec 3rd 1:00 pm MGM Chairman’s 368 NET306 \| Winning the DDoS Battle with AWS WAF Dec 1st 12:00 pm Mandalay Bay South Pacific J NET310-R \| Accelerate your hybrid network with AWS Direct Connect SiteLink Dec 2nd 12:00 pm Dec 3rd 8:30 am [Repeat] MGM Grand 117MGM Premier 318 NET312-R \| Network Operations with Amazon Bedrock AgentCore Dec 3rd 9:00 am Dec 4th 3:00 pm [Repeat] Mandalay Bay South Pacific EMandalay Bay Ballroom K NET338-R \| Approaches to layered security on Amazon VPC Dec 1st 8:30 am Dec 1st 3:30 pm [Repeat] MGM Premier 311Caesars Forum Academy 413 Builders’ sessions Session Date Venue NET206-R \| Secure your cloud networks with Amazon VPC Block Public Access Dec 1st 12:00 pm Dec 2nd 4:30 pm [Repeat] MGM Room 301 Caesars Forum Alliance 311 NET207-R \| DNS unleashed: Unlocking the full potential of Amazon Route 53 Dec 3rd 3:00 pm Dec 4th 4:00 pm [Repeat] MGM Room 301 Caesars Forum Summit 212 \| Content Hub \| Builders’ Session 2 NET301-R \| Hands-on AWS WAF: Troubleshooting attack scenarios Dec 4th 11:30 am Dec 5th 10:30 am [Repeat] Caesars Forum Alliance 311 Caesars Forum Alliance 311 NET308 \| Write Deploy and Monitor CloudFront Functions & Key Value Store Dec 2nd 2:30 pm Mandalay Bay Oceanside C \| Content Hub \| Builders’ Session 1 NET329-R \| Human Meets Microservice: Zero Trust with AWS Networking Services Dec 1st 10:00 am Dec 3rd 11:30 am [Repeat] Caesars Forum Summit 212 \| Content Hub \| Builders’ Session 1 Caesars Forum Alliance 315 Activities in the Expo Beyond sessions, join us in the re:Invent Expo (The Venetian, Level 2, Hall B) to meet with AWS experts and learn through interactive demos. AWS Village (Booth #750) AWS Hardware Museum The AWS Hardware innovation showcase is something you shouldn’t miss – it’s in the migration and modernization area. Did you know AWS designs and develops its own hardware? You can come here to look at all the innovation, including various generations of AWS Nitro System, AWS Graviton and Trainium chips, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) servers, networking fiber, terrestrial and subsea cables, and switches that power AWS data centers and global network. AWS Networking and Content Delivery kiosk (M36) Connect with subject matter experts who are ready to tackle your most challenging networking questions. Whether you’re dealing with hybrid connectivity complexities, optimizing application connectivity, securing content delivery, strengthening network security, or improving observability across your infrastructure, our experts have the answers you need. Roll up your sleeves and dive into hands-on interactive sessions where you’ll build real-world networking architectures. These interactive stations provide insights that you can immediately apply to your own projects. You’ll earn exclusive swag that makes for great souvenirs of your re:Invent journey. The networking kiosk combines expert guidance, practical learning, and rewarding experiences all in one destination. Get ready to network your way to success AWS re:Invent 2025 promises to be an unparalleled opportunity to expand your networking expertise and connect with the global cloud community. Don’t let this opportunity pass you by – start mapping out your re:Invent schedule today and prepare to immerse yourself in five days of intensive learning, networking, and innovation. See you in Las Vegas or virtually (offered at no additional cost) – let’s make re:Invent 2025 your most impactful learning experience yet! 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https://llvm.org/doxygen/classNodeArray-members.html	LLVM: Member List LLVM  22.0.0git NodeArray Member List This is the complete list of members for NodeArray , including all inherited members. begin () const NodeArray inline empty () const NodeArray inline end () const NodeArray inline NodeArray () NodeArray inline NodeArray (Node **Elements_, size_t NumElements_) NodeArray inline operator[] (size_t Idx) const NodeArray inline printAsString (OutputBuffer &OB) const NodeArray inline printWithComma (OutputBuffer &OB) const NodeArray inline size () const NodeArray inline Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://safecode.org/blog/	Blog - SAFECode Skip to content Search for: About Our Work Our Leadership Our History Press Principles Resource Centers Secure Development Practices Training and Culture Development Managing a Software Security Program Software Security for Buyers and Government Publications A-Z Training About SAFECode Training Training Program FAQ Login & Registration Profile Download Trainings Blog Membership Join SAFECode Our Members For Members Search for: Blog Blog Scott Licata 2023-12-11T13:44:39-05:00 SAFECode is a global, industry-led effort to identify and promote best practices for developing and delivering more secure and reliable software, hardware and services. We created this blog so that we could keep you posted on new developments in software assurance and our ongoing work in this area. Please note that the opinions expressed in this blog are those of the writer or contributor and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of SAFECode or its member companies. Secure by Design: A Developer’s Guide to Building Safer Software Zach Dake 2025-10-24T11:47:35-04:00 Blog \| Preparing for Post-Quantum Cryptography: Key Takeaways from SAFECode’s Working Group Zach Dake 2025-01-02T12:43:43-05:00 Blog , Post Quantum Crypto \| Celebrating Dedication and Innovation: Highlights from SAFECode Day 2024 Jessica Carvalho 2024-10-08T09:49:51-04:00 Blog \| The PQC Algorithm FIPS are Published – Now What? Doug Melvin 2024-09-17T18:04:03-04:00 Blog , Post Quantum Crypto \| Secure by Design? The U.S. Government and Requirements for Secure Development Jessica Carvalho 2023-06-06T15:53:40-04:00 Blog \| Thoughts on Executive Order 14028: Attestation and Software Security Jessica Carvalho 2023-04-24T14:06:00-04:00 Blog \| Security Capabilities to Support Code Integrity Zach Dake 2022-11-08T14:14:22-05:00 Blog , Code Integrity \| The Implications of Post Quantum Cryptography for Software Supply Chain Security Max Zhou 2022-04-26T15:26:19-04:00 Blog , Post Quantum Crypto \| 1 2 Next Load More Posts About Our Work Our Leadership Our History Press Principles Resource Centers Secure Development Practices Training and Culture Development Managing a Software Security Program Software Security for Buyers and Government Publications A-Z Training About SAFECode Training Training Program FAQ Login / Course Registration Learning Profile Blog Membership Become a Member Our Members Contact Us Copyright © 2007- Software Assurance Forum for Excellence in Code (SAFECode) – All Rights Reserved Privacy Policy X LinkedIn Page load link Go to Top	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/structNestedName.html#a28ed111434189b63891ecd45ea239c49	LLVM: NestedName Struct Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Member Functions \| Public Attributes \| List of all members NestedName Struct Reference #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inheritance diagram for NestedName: This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead. [ legend ] Public Member Functions   NestedName ( Node Qual_, Node Name_) template<typename Fn> void  match (Fn F ) const std::string_view  getBaseName () const override void  printLeft ( OutputBuffer &OB) const override Public Member Functions inherited from Node   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node *  getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Public Attributes Node *  Qual Node *  Name Additional Inherited Members Public Types inherited from Node enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Protected Attributes inherited from Node Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Detailed Description Definition at line 1077 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  NestedName() NestedName::NestedName ( Node * Qual_ , Node * Name_  ) inline Definition at line 1081 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Name , Node::Node() , and Qual . Member Function Documentation ◆  getBaseName() std::string_view NestedName::getBaseName ( ) const inline override virtual Reimplemented from Node . Definition at line 1086 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Name . ◆  match() template<typename Fn> void NestedName::match ( Fn F ) const inline Definition at line 1084 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References F , Name , and Qual . ◆  printLeft() void NestedName::printLeft ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline override virtual Implements Node . Definition at line 1088 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Name , Node::OutputBuffer , and Qual . Member Data Documentation ◆  Name Node * NestedName::Name Definition at line 1079 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getBaseName() , match() , NestedName() , and printLeft() . ◆  Qual Node * NestedName::Qual Definition at line 1078 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by match() , NestedName() , and printLeft() . The documentation for this struct was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/classPODSmallVector.html#ad79de48793bd3b5e0f00db710944fce9	LLVM: PODSmallVector< T, N > Class Template Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Member Functions \| List of all members PODSmallVector< T, N > Class Template Reference #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inheritance diagram for PODSmallVector< T, N >: This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead. [ legend ] Public Member Functions   PODSmallVector ()   PODSmallVector ( const PODSmallVector &)=delete PODSmallVector &  operator= ( const PODSmallVector &)=delete   PODSmallVector ( PODSmallVector &&Other) PODSmallVector &  operator= ( PODSmallVector &&Other) void  push_back ( const T &Elem) void  pop_back () void  shrinkToSize (size_t Index) T *  begin () T *  end () bool   empty () const size_t  size () const T &  back () T &  operator[] (size_t Index) void  clear ()   ~PODSmallVector () Detailed Description template<class T , size_t N> class PODSmallVector< T, N > Definition at line 41 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  PODSmallVector() [1/3] template<class T , size_t N> PODSmallVector < T , N > ::PODSmallVector ( ) inline Definition at line 77 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  PODSmallVector() [2/3] template<class T , size_t N> PODSmallVector < T , N > ::PODSmallVector ( const PODSmallVector < T , N > & ) delete ◆  PODSmallVector() [3/3] template<class T , size_t N> PODSmallVector < T , N > ::PODSmallVector ( PODSmallVector < T , N > && Other ) inline Definition at line 82 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  ~PODSmallVector() template<class T , size_t N> PODSmallVector < T , N >::~ PODSmallVector ( ) inline Definition at line 156 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Member Function Documentation ◆  back() template<class T , size_t N> T & PODSmallVector < T , N >::back ( ) inline Definition at line 146 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  begin() template<class T , size_t N> T * PODSmallVector < T , N >::begin ( ) inline Definition at line 141 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::operator[]() . ◆  clear() template<class T , size_t N> void PODSmallVector < T , N >::clear ( ) inline Definition at line 154 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  empty() template<class T , size_t N> bool PODSmallVector < T , N >::empty ( ) const inline Definition at line 144 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  end() template<class T , size_t N> T PODSmallVector < T , N >::end ( ) inline Definition at line 142 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  operator=() [1/2] template<class T , size_t N> PODSmallVector & PODSmallVector < T , N >::operator= ( const PODSmallVector < T , N > & ) delete ◆  operator=() [2/2] template<class T , size_t N> PODSmallVector & PODSmallVector < T , N >::operator= ( PODSmallVector < T , N > && Other ) inline Definition at line 96 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  operator[]() template<class T , size_t N> T & PODSmallVector < T , N >::operator[] ( size_t Index ) inline Definition at line 150 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  pop_back() template<class T , size_t N> void PODSmallVector < T , N >::pop_back ( ) inline Definition at line 131 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  push_back() template<class T , size_t N> void PODSmallVector < T , N >::push_back ( const T & Elem ) inline Definition at line 124 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParamDecl() . ◆  shrinkToSize() template<class T , size_t N> void PODSmallVector < T , N >::shrinkToSize ( size_t Index ) inline Definition at line 136 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  size() template<class T , size_t N> size_t PODSmallVector < T , N >::size ( ) const inline Definition at line 145 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::operator[]() , PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::push_back() , and PODSmallVector< Node *, 8 >::shrinkToSize() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.timeforkids.com/login/	TIME for Kids \| Login Skip to main content Articles by Grade level Grades K-1 Articles Grade 2 Articles Grades 3-4 Articles Grades 5-6 Articles Topics Animals Arts Ask Angela Books Business Careers Community Culture Debate Earth Science Education Election 2024 Engineering Environment Food and Nutrition Games Government History Holidays Inventions Movies and Television Music and Theater Nature News People Places Podcasts Science Service Stars Space Sports The Human Body The View Transportation Weather World Young Game Changers Your $ Financial Literacy Content Grade 4 Edition Grade 5-6 Edition For Grown-ups Resource Spotlight Also from TIME for Kids: Log In role: none user_age: none editions: The page you are about to enter is for grown-ups. Enter your birth date to continue. Month (MM) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 Year (YYYY) 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Submit Contact us Privacy policy California privacy Terms of Service Subscribe CLASSROOM INTERNATIONAL © 2026 TIME USA, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Powered by WordPress.com VIP	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/networking-and-content-delivery/98-99-100-cloudfront-points-of-presence/	98, 99, 100 CloudFront Points of Presence! \| Networking & Content Delivery Skip to Main Content Filter: All English Contact us AWS Marketplace Support My account Search Filter: All Sign in to console Create account AWS Blogs Home Blogs Editions Networking & Content Delivery 98, 99, 100 CloudFront Points of Presence! by Jeff Barr on 01 NOV 2017 in Amazon CloudFront , Lambda@Edge , Networking & Content Delivery Permalink Share Note: This blog post was originally published November 1 2017 on Jeff Barr’s AWS Blog. We recently created this new blog channel dedicated to Networking and Content Delivery and we wanted to bring some of our more recent posts together for ease of reference. We are excited to bring you new content on a regular basis going forward. Nine years ago I showed you how you could Distribute Your Content with Amazon CloudFront . We launched CloudFront in 2008 with 14 Points of Presence and have been expanding rapidly ever since. Today I am pleased to announce the opening of our 100th Point of Presence, the fifth one in Tokyo and the sixth in Japan. With 89 Edge Locations and 11 Regional Edge Caches, CloudFront now supports traffic generated by millions of viewers around the world. 23 Countries, 50 Cities, and Growing Those 100 Points of Presence span the globe, with sites in 50 cities and 23 countries. In the past 12 months we have expanded the size of our network by about 58%, adding 37 Points of Presence, including nine in the following new cities: Berlin, Germany Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA Prague, Czech Republic Boston, Massachusetts, USA Munich, Germany Vienna, Austria Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Zurich, Switzerland We have even more in the works, including an Edge Location in the United Arab Emirates, currently planned for the first quarter of 2018. Innovating for Our Customers As I mentioned earlier, our network consists of a mix of Edge Locations and Regional Edge Caches. First announced at re:Invent 2016, the Regional Edge Caches sit between our Edge Locations and your origin servers, have even more memory than the Edge Locations, and allow us to store content close to the viewers for rapid delivery, all while reducing the load on the origin servers. While locations are important, they are just a starting point. We continue to focus on security with the recent launch of our Security Policies feature and our announcement that CloudFront is a HIPAA-eligible service. We gave you more content-serving and content-generation options with the launch of Lambda@Edge , letting you run AWS Lambda functions close to your users. We have also been working to accelerate the processing of cache invalidations and configuration changes. We now accept invalidations within milliseconds of the request and confirm that the request has been processed world-wide, typically within 60 seconds. This helps to ensure that your customers have access to fresh, timely content! Visit our Getting Started with Amazon CloudFront page for sign-up information, tutorials, webinars, on-demand videos, office hours, and more. — Jeff; TAGS: Amazon CloudFront , CDN , Content Delivery Network , Lambda@Edge , Networking & Content Delivery , Uncategorized Resources Networking Products Getting Started Amazon CloudFront Follow  Twitter  Facebook  LinkedIn  Twitch  Email Updates {"data":{"items":[{"fields":{"footer":"{\n \"createAccountButtonLabel\": \"Create an AWS account\",\n \"createAccountButtonURL\": \"https://portal.aws.amazon.com/gp/aws/developer/registr	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/networking-and-content-delivery/category/networking-content-delivery/amazon-route-53/#aws-page-content-main	Amazon Route 53 \| Networking & Content Delivery Skip to Main Content Filter: All English Contact us AWS Marketplace Support My account Search Filter: All Sign in to console Create account AWS Blogs Home Blogs Editions Networking & Content Delivery Category: Amazon Route 53 Implementing consistent DNS Query Logging with Amazon Route 53 Profiles by Aanchal Agrawal and Anushree Shetty on 05 JAN 2026 in Amazon Route 53 , AWS Transit Gateway , Intermediate (200) , Networking & Content Delivery , Resource Access Manager (RAM) , Security, Identity, & Compliance Permalink Share Managing DNS query logging across multiple Amazon Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs) has long been a significant challenge for enterprise teams. The traditional approach required manual configuration of DNS query logging for each VPC individually, creating a cascade of operational problems. This fragmented process led to inconsistent implementation across different environments, compliance gaps due to missed […] Implementing ingress geo-restriction with AWS to reduce attack surface by Rahi Patel and Anvesh Koganti on 05 JAN 2026 in Amazon CloudFront , Amazon Route 53 , AWS Network Firewall , AWS WAF , Best Practices , Intermediate (200) , Networking & Content Delivery , Security, Identity, & Compliance , Technical How-to Permalink Share Geo-restriction is a critical security control for blocking traffic from high-risk regions. Learn how to implement geographic filtering using Amazon CloudFront, Route 53, AWS WAF, and AWS Network Firewall—and discover when to use each service for your specific architecture needs. Announcing Amazon Route 53 Accelerated Recovery for managing public DNS records by Gautham Gavini and Gerardo Vazquez on 26 NOV 2025 in Amazon Route 53 , Networking & Content Delivery Permalink Share AWS announced the launch of accelerated recovery for managing public Domain Name System (DNS) records, a new Amazon Route 53 feature that targets a 60-minute Recovery Time Objective (RTO) for your DNS operations in the unlikely event of service disruptions in the N. Virginia Region (us-east-1). This feature ensures continuity for your critical workloads by […] Introducing flat-rate pricing plans with no overages by Cristian Graziano on 18 NOV 2025 in Amazon CloudFront , Amazon CloudWatch , Amazon Route 53 , Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3) , Announcements , AWS WAF , Networking & Content Delivery Permalink Share Today, Amazon Web Services (AWS) is launching flat-rate pricing plans with no overages for website delivery and security. The pricing plans, available with Amazon CloudFront, combine global content delivery (CDN) with multiple AWS services and features into a monthly price with no overage charges, regardless of whether your website or application goes viral or faces […] Protect your Amazon Route 53 DNS zones and records by Tracy Honeycutt and Jason Polce on 02 SEP 2025 in Amazon Route 53 , Networking & Content Delivery , Technical How-to Permalink Share Amazon Route 53 powers mission-critical DNS services for millions of applications worldwide, and protecting your DNS infrastructure is an important step for securing your applications.. An unintended DNS configuration change or deletion can disrupt the availability of your applications and impact your business operations causing lost revenue and more. To help safeguard your DNS from […] Streamline hybrid DNS management using Amazon Route 53 Resolver endpoints delegation by Tekena Orugbani on 25 AUG 2025 in Amazon Route 53 , Announcements , Architecture , Networking & Content Delivery , Technical How-to , Thought Leadership Permalink Share Introduction We recently announced that Amazon Route 53 Resolver Endpoint supports Domain Name System (DNS) delegation, allowing you to delegate authority for a subdomain from your on-premises infrastructure to Route 53 and vice versa. Previously, to implement DNS delegation and maintain a unified private DNS namespace across on-premises and in Amazon Web Services (AWS) environments, […] Enhancing Pinterest’s organizational security with a DNS firewall: Part 2 by Sid Vantair and Pratik R. Mankad on 18 AUG 2025 in Advanced (300) , Amazon Route 53 , Architecture , AWS Firewall Manager , Networking & Content Delivery , Technical How-to Permalink Share This post was authored by Ali Yousefi, Senior Security Software Engineer on the Infrastructure Security Team at Pinterest Introduction In part 1 one of this two-part blog series, we demonstrated how Pinterest gained visibility into DNS traffic originating from its VPCs by enabling Amazon Route 53 Resolver query logs across its Amazon Web Services (AWS) […] Enhancing Pinterest’s organizational security with a DNS firewall: Part 1 by Sid Vantair and Pratik R. Mankad on 18 AUG 2025 in Advanced (300) , Amazon Route 53 , Architecture , AWS Firewall Manager , Networking & Content Delivery , Technical How-to Permalink Share This post was authored by Ali Yousefi, Senior Security Software Engineer on the Infrastructure Security Team at Pinterest Introduction Network security has become an increasingly important focus area in cloud security as more organizations shift to the cloud. Organizations can take an active approach in protecting themselves and their data from various threats by strengthening […] Securing hybrid workloads using Amazon Route 53 Resolver DNS Firewall by Yaniv Rozenboim and Yossi Cohen on 18 AUG 2025 in Advanced (300) , Amazon Route 53 , Networking & Content Delivery , Security, Identity, & Compliance Permalink Share Since its launch in 2021, Amazon Route 53 Resolver DNS Firewall has enabled Amazon Web Services (AWS) users to monitor and control outbound DNS queries originating from their Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) resources. Configuring domain filtering rules in Route 53 Resolver DNS Firewall helps you mitigate security threats such as data exfiltration through […] Streamlining multi-VPC DNS management with Amazon Route 53 Profiles and interface VPC endpoint integration by Salman Ahmed , Ankush Goyal , and Kunj Thacker on 08 JUL 2025 in Amazon Route 53 , Amazon VPC , AWS PrivateLink , Networking & Content Delivery Permalink Share Managing DNS configurations across multiple VPCs and accounts requires thoughtful architectural planning, especially for organizations leveraging AWS PrivateLink interface endpoints for various AWS services. Organizations are continuously looking for ways to streamline these configurations while maintaining operational efficiency and security. For enterprises using Amazon Web Services (AWS) PrivateLink interface endpoints (such as AWS Lambda, Amazon […] ← Older posts Create an AWS account Learn What Is AWS? What Is Cloud Computing? What Is Agentic AI? Cloud Computing Concepts Hub AWS Cloud Security What's New Blogs Press Releases Resources <ul	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/classNode.html#a7a56ed6baec69c476df398caa5c9aef5	LLVM: Node Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Types \| Public Member Functions \| Protected Attributes \| Friends \| List of all members Node Class Reference abstract #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inherited by FloatLiteralImpl< float > , FloatLiteralImpl< double > , FloatLiteralImpl< long double > , AbiTagAttr , ArraySubscriptExpr , ArrayType , BinaryExpr , BinaryFPType , BitIntType , BoolExpr , BracedExpr , BracedRangeExpr , CallExpr , CastExpr , ClosureTypeName , ConditionalExpr , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl , ConversionExpr , ConversionOperatorType , CtorDtorName , CtorVtableSpecialName , DeleteExpr , DotSuffix , DtorName , DynamicExceptionSpec , ElaboratedTypeSpefType , EnableIfAttr , EnclosingExpr , EnumLiteral , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , ExplicitObjectParameter , ExprRequirement , FloatLiteralImpl< Float > , FoldExpr , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionParam , FunctionType , GlobalQualifiedName , InitListExpr , IntegerLiteral , LambdaExpr , LiteralOperator , LocalName , MemberExpr , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , ModuleName , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , NestedRequirement , NewExpr , NodeArrayNode , NoexceptSpec , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl , ObjCProtoName , ParameterPack , ParameterPackExpansion , PixelVectorType , PointerToMemberConversionExpr , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , PostfixExpr , PostfixQualifiedType , PrefixExpr , QualType , QualifiedName , ReferenceType , RequiresExpr , SizeofParamPackExpr , SpecialName , StringLiteral , StructuredBindingName , SubobjectExpr , SyntheticTemplateParamName , TemplateArgs , TemplateArgumentPack , TemplateParamPackDecl , TemplateParamQualifiedArg , TemplateTemplateParamDecl , ThrowExpr , TransformedType , TypeRequirement , TypeTemplateParamDecl , UnnamedTypeName , VectorType , and VendorExtQualType . Public Types enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Public Member Functions   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node *  getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Protected Attributes Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Friends class  OutputBuffer Detailed Description Definition at line 166 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Member Enumeration Documentation ◆  Cache enum class Node::Cache : uint8_t strong Three-way bool to track a cached value. Unknown is possible if this node has an unexpanded parameter pack below it that may affect this cache. Enumerator Yes  No  Unknown  Definition at line 175 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Kind enum Node::Kind : uint8_t Definition at line 168 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Prec enum class Node::Prec : uint8_t strong Operator precedence for expression nodes. Used to determine required parens in expression emission. Enumerator Primary  Postfix  Unary  Cast  PtrMem  Multiplicative  Additive  Shift  Spaceship  Relational  Equality  And  Xor  Ior  AndIf  OrIf  Conditional  Assign  Comma  Default  Definition at line 179 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  Node() [1/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Prec Precedence_ = Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_ = Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 221 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , FunctionCache , No , Primary , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , ArraySubscriptExpr::ArraySubscriptExpr() , ArrayType::ArrayType() , BinaryExpr::BinaryExpr() , BinaryFPType::BinaryFPType() , BitIntType::BitIntType() , BoolExpr::BoolExpr() , BracedExpr::BracedExpr() , BracedRangeExpr::BracedRangeExpr() , CallExpr::CallExpr() , CastExpr::CastExpr() , ClosureTypeName::ClosureTypeName() , ConditionalExpr::ConditionalExpr() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ConversionExpr::ConversionExpr() , ConversionOperatorType::ConversionOperatorType() , CtorDtorName::CtorDtorName() , CtorVtableSpecialName::CtorVtableSpecialName() , DeleteExpr::DeleteExpr() , DotSuffix::DotSuffix() , DtorName::DtorName() , DynamicExceptionSpec::DynamicExceptionSpec() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::ElaboratedTypeSpefType() , EnableIfAttr::EnableIfAttr() , EnclosingExpr::EnclosingExpr() , EnumLiteral::EnumLiteral() , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution::ExpandedSpecialSubstitution() , ExplicitObjectParameter::ExplicitObjectParameter() , ExprRequirement::ExprRequirement() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::FloatLiteralImpl() , FoldExpr::FoldExpr() , ForwardTemplateReference::ForwardTemplateReference() , FunctionEncoding::FunctionEncoding() , FunctionParam::FunctionParam() , FunctionType::FunctionType() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::getArg() , FunctionEncoding::getAttrs() , VectorType::getBaseType() , ParameterPackExpansion::getChild() , QualType::getChild() , VectorType::getDimension() , FunctionEncoding::getName() , PointerType::getPointee() , FunctionEncoding::getRequires() , FunctionEncoding::getReturnType() , ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , VendorExtQualType::getTA() , VendorExtQualType::getTy() , GlobalQualifiedName::GlobalQualifiedName() , InitListExpr::InitListExpr() , IntegerLiteral::IntegerLiteral() , LambdaExpr::LambdaExpr() , LiteralOperator::LiteralOperator() , LocalName::LocalName() , MemberExpr::MemberExpr() , MemberLikeFriendName::MemberLikeFriendName() , ModuleEntity::ModuleEntity() , ModuleName::ModuleName() , NameType::NameType() , NameWithTemplateArgs::NameWithTemplateArgs() , NestedName::NestedName() , NestedRequirement::NestedRequirement() , NewExpr::NewExpr() , Node() , NodeArrayNode::NodeArrayNode() , NoexceptSpec::NoexceptSpec() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::NonTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , ParameterPackExpansion::ParameterPackExpansion() , PixelVectorType::PixelVectorType() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::PointerToMemberConversionExpr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , PostfixExpr::PostfixExpr() , PostfixQualifiedType::PostfixQualifiedType() , PrefixExpr::PrefixExpr() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::QualifiedName() , QualType::QualType() , ReferenceType::ReferenceType() , RequiresExpr::RequiresExpr() , SizeofParamPackExpr::SizeofParamPackExpr() , SpecialName::SpecialName() , StringLiteral::StringLiteral() , StructuredBindingName::StructuredBindingName() , SubobjectExpr::SubobjectExpr() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::SyntheticTemplateParamName() , TemplateArgs::TemplateArgs() , TemplateArgumentPack::TemplateArgumentPack() , TemplateParamPackDecl::TemplateParamPackDecl() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::TemplateParamQualifiedArg() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::TemplateTemplateParamDecl() , ThrowExpr::ThrowExpr() , TransformedType::TransformedType() , TypeRequirement::TypeRequirement() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::TypeTemplateParamDecl() , UnnamedTypeName::UnnamedTypeName() , VectorType::VectorType() , and VendorExtQualType::VendorExtQualType() . ◆  Node() [2/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Cache RHSComponentCache_ , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 226 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , Node() , and Primary . ◆  ~Node() virtual Node::~Node ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  dump() DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void Node::dump ( ) const References DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD . Referenced by llvm::DAGTypeLegalizer::run() , and llvm::RISCVDAGToDAGISel::Select() . ◆  getArrayCache() Cache Node::getArrayCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 262 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getBaseName() virtual std::string_view Node::getBaseName ( ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in AbiTagAttr , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , GlobalQualifiedName , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , QualifiedName , and SpecialSubstitution . Definition at line 299 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  getFunctionCache() Cache Node::getFunctionCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 263 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getKind() Kind Node::getKind ( ) const inline Definition at line 258 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseCtorDtorName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseNestedName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateArgs() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParam() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseUnscopedName() , NodeArray::printAsString() , and llvm::msgpack::Document::writeToBlob() . ◆  getPrecedence() Prec Node::getPrecedence ( ) const inline Definition at line 260 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by ArraySubscriptExpr::match() , BinaryExpr::match() , CallExpr::match() , CastExpr::match() , ConditionalExpr::match() , ConversionExpr::match() , DeleteExpr::match() , EnclosingExpr::match() , MemberExpr::match() , NewExpr::match() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::match() , PostfixExpr::match() , PrefixExpr::match() , printAsOperand() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , and PrefixExpr::printLeft() . ◆  getRHSComponentCache() Cache Node::getRHSComponentCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 261 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , QualType::QualType() , and ReferenceType::ReferenceType() . ◆  getSyntaxNode() virtual const Node * Node::getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , and ParameterPack . Definition at line 271 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node() , and OutputBuffer . ◆  hasArray() bool Node::hasArray ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 246 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , hasArraySlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasArraySlow() virtual bool Node::hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 266 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasArray() . ◆  hasFunction() bool Node::hasFunction ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 252 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache , hasFunctionSlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasFunctionSlow() virtual bool Node::hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 267 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasFunction() . ◆  hasRHSComponent() bool Node::hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 240 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , RHSComponentCache , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasRHSComponentSlow() virtual bool Node::hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , QualType , and ReferenceType . Definition at line 265 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasRHSComponent() . ◆  print() void Node::print ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 286 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , OutputBuffer , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by llvm::ItaniumPartialDemangler::getFunctionDeclContextName() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< AADepGraph * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< const MachineFunction * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::itaniumDemangle() , printAsOperand() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , and printNode() . ◆  printAsOperand() void Node::printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer & OB , Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse = false  ) const inline Definition at line 275 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Default , getPrecedence() , OutputBuffer , P , and print() . Referenced by llvm::DOTGraphTraits< DOTFuncInfo * >::getBBName() , getSimpleNodeName() , llvm::operator<<() , llvm::VPIRMetadata::print() , and llvm::SimpleNodeLabelString() . ◆  printInitListAsType() virtual bool Node::printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer & , const NodeArray &  ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType . Definition at line 295 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . ◆  visit() template<typename Fn> void Node::visit ( Fn F ) const Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. Visit the node. Calls F(P) , where P is the node cast to the appropriate derived class. Definition at line 2639 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , and F . Friends And Related Symbol Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer friend class OutputBuffer friend Definition at line 309 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , hasArray() , ArrayType::hasArraySlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasArraySlow() , hasArraySlow() , ParameterPack::hasArraySlow() , QualType::hasArraySlow() , hasFunction() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasFunctionSlow() , ParameterPack::hasFunctionSlow() , QualType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasRHSComponent() , ArrayType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , hasRHSComponentSlow() , ParameterPack::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerToMemberType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , QualType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ReferenceType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , print() , printAsOperand() , ClosureTypeName::printDeclarator() , ArrayType::printInitListAsType() , printInitListAsType() , AbiTagAttr::printLeft() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , ArrayType::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , BinaryFPType::printLeft() , BitIntType::printLeft() , BoolExpr::printLeft() , BracedExpr::printLeft() , BracedRangeExpr::printLeft() , CallExpr::printLeft() , CastExpr::printLeft() , ClosureTypeName::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ConversionExpr::printLeft() , ConversionOperatorType::printLeft() , CtorDtorName::printLeft() , CtorVtableSpecialName::printLeft() , DeleteExpr::printLeft() , DotSuffix::printLeft() , DtorName::printLeft() , DynamicExceptionSpec::printLeft() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::printLeft() , EnableIfAttr::printLeft() , EnclosingExpr::printLeft() , EnumLiteral::printLeft() , ExplicitObjectParameter::printLeft() , ExprRequirement::printLeft() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::printLeft() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , ForwardTemplateReference::printLeft() , FunctionEncoding::printLeft() , FunctionParam::printLeft() , FunctionType::printLeft() , GlobalQualifiedName::printLeft() , InitListExpr::printLeft() , IntegerLiteral::printLeft() , LambdaExpr::printLeft() , LiteralOperator::printLeft() , LocalName::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , MemberLikeFriendName::printLeft() , ModuleEntity::printLeft() , ModuleName::printLeft() , NameType::printLeft() , NameWithTemplateArgs::printLeft() , NestedName::printLeft() , NestedRequirement::printLeft() , NewExpr::printLeft() , NodeArrayNode::printLeft() , NoexceptSpec::printLeft() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ObjCProtoName::printLeft() , ParameterPack::printLeft() , ParameterPackExpansion::printLeft() , PixelVectorType::printLeft() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::printLeft() , PointerToMemberType::printLeft() , PointerType::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , PostfixQualifiedType::printLeft() , PrefixExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::printLeft() , QualType::printLeft() , ReferenceType::printLeft() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , SizeofParamPackExpr::printLeft() , SpecialName::printLeft() , SpecialSubstitution::printLeft() , StringLiteral::printLeft() , StructuredBindingName::printLeft() , SubobjectExpr::printLeft() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::printLeft() , TemplateArgs::printLeft() , TemplateArgumentPack::printLeft() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printLeft() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::printLeft() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ThrowExpr::printLeft() , TransformedType::printLeft() , TypeRequirement::printLeft() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , UnnamedTypeName::printLeft() , VectorType::printLeft() , VendorExtQualType::printLeft() , QualType::printQuals() , ArrayType::printRight() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ForwardTemplateReference::printRight() , FunctionEncoding::printRight() , FunctionType::printRight() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ParameterPack::printRight() , PointerToMemberType::printRight() , PointerType::printRight() , QualType::printRight() , ReferenceType::printRight() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printRight() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , and TypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() . Member Data Documentation ◆  ArrayCache Cache Node::ArrayCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 214 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getArrayCache() , hasArray() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  FunctionCache Cache Node::FunctionCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 218 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getFunctionCache() , hasFunction() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  RHSComponentCache Cache Node::RHSComponentCache protected Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Definition at line 210 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getRHSComponentCache() , hasRHSComponent() , Node() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , and print() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/classNode.html#a05779201e7fa0913e5b50fdbc5c49135	LLVM: Node Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Types \| Public Member Functions \| Protected Attributes \| Friends \| List of all members Node Class Reference abstract #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inherited by FloatLiteralImpl< float > , FloatLiteralImpl< double > , FloatLiteralImpl< long double > , AbiTagAttr , ArraySubscriptExpr , ArrayType , BinaryExpr , BinaryFPType , BitIntType , BoolExpr , BracedExpr , BracedRangeExpr , CallExpr , CastExpr , ClosureTypeName , ConditionalExpr , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl , ConversionExpr , ConversionOperatorType , CtorDtorName , CtorVtableSpecialName , DeleteExpr , DotSuffix , DtorName , DynamicExceptionSpec , ElaboratedTypeSpefType , EnableIfAttr , EnclosingExpr , EnumLiteral , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , ExplicitObjectParameter , ExprRequirement , FloatLiteralImpl< Float > , FoldExpr , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionParam , FunctionType , GlobalQualifiedName , InitListExpr , IntegerLiteral , LambdaExpr , LiteralOperator , LocalName , MemberExpr , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , ModuleName , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , NestedRequirement , NewExpr , NodeArrayNode , NoexceptSpec , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl , ObjCProtoName , ParameterPack , ParameterPackExpansion , PixelVectorType , PointerToMemberConversionExpr , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , PostfixExpr , PostfixQualifiedType , PrefixExpr , QualType , QualifiedName , ReferenceType , RequiresExpr , SizeofParamPackExpr , SpecialName , StringLiteral , StructuredBindingName , SubobjectExpr , SyntheticTemplateParamName , TemplateArgs , TemplateArgumentPack , TemplateParamPackDecl , TemplateParamQualifiedArg , TemplateTemplateParamDecl , ThrowExpr , TransformedType , TypeRequirement , TypeTemplateParamDecl , UnnamedTypeName , VectorType , and VendorExtQualType . Public Types enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Public Member Functions   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node *  getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Protected Attributes Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Friends class  OutputBuffer Detailed Description Definition at line 166 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Member Enumeration Documentation ◆  Cache enum class Node::Cache : uint8_t strong Three-way bool to track a cached value. Unknown is possible if this node has an unexpanded parameter pack below it that may affect this cache. Enumerator Yes  No  Unknown  Definition at line 175 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Kind enum Node::Kind : uint8_t Definition at line 168 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Prec enum class Node::Prec : uint8_t strong Operator precedence for expression nodes. Used to determine required parens in expression emission. Enumerator Primary  Postfix  Unary  Cast  PtrMem  Multiplicative  Additive  Shift  Spaceship  Relational  Equality  And  Xor  Ior  AndIf  OrIf  Conditional  Assign  Comma  Default  Definition at line 179 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  Node() [1/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Prec Precedence_ = Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_ = Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 221 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , FunctionCache , No , Primary , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , ArraySubscriptExpr::ArraySubscriptExpr() , ArrayType::ArrayType() , BinaryExpr::BinaryExpr() , BinaryFPType::BinaryFPType() , BitIntType::BitIntType() , BoolExpr::BoolExpr() , BracedExpr::BracedExpr() , BracedRangeExpr::BracedRangeExpr() , CallExpr::CallExpr() , CastExpr::CastExpr() , ClosureTypeName::ClosureTypeName() , ConditionalExpr::ConditionalExpr() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ConversionExpr::ConversionExpr() , ConversionOperatorType::ConversionOperatorType() , CtorDtorName::CtorDtorName() , CtorVtableSpecialName::CtorVtableSpecialName() , DeleteExpr::DeleteExpr() , DotSuffix::DotSuffix() , DtorName::DtorName() , DynamicExceptionSpec::DynamicExceptionSpec() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::ElaboratedTypeSpefType() , EnableIfAttr::EnableIfAttr() , EnclosingExpr::EnclosingExpr() , EnumLiteral::EnumLiteral() , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution::ExpandedSpecialSubstitution() , ExplicitObjectParameter::ExplicitObjectParameter() , ExprRequirement::ExprRequirement() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::FloatLiteralImpl() , FoldExpr::FoldExpr() , ForwardTemplateReference::ForwardTemplateReference() , FunctionEncoding::FunctionEncoding() , FunctionParam::FunctionParam() , FunctionType::FunctionType() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::getArg() , FunctionEncoding::getAttrs() , VectorType::getBaseType() , ParameterPackExpansion::getChild() , QualType::getChild() , VectorType::getDimension() , FunctionEncoding::getName() , PointerType::getPointee() , FunctionEncoding::getRequires() , FunctionEncoding::getReturnType() , ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , VendorExtQualType::getTA() , VendorExtQualType::getTy() , GlobalQualifiedName::GlobalQualifiedName() , InitListExpr::InitListExpr() , IntegerLiteral::IntegerLiteral() , LambdaExpr::LambdaExpr() , LiteralOperator::LiteralOperator() , LocalName::LocalName() , MemberExpr::MemberExpr() , MemberLikeFriendName::MemberLikeFriendName() , ModuleEntity::ModuleEntity() , ModuleName::ModuleName() , NameType::NameType() , NameWithTemplateArgs::NameWithTemplateArgs() , NestedName::NestedName() , NestedRequirement::NestedRequirement() , NewExpr::NewExpr() , Node() , NodeArrayNode::NodeArrayNode() , NoexceptSpec::NoexceptSpec() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::NonTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , ParameterPackExpansion::ParameterPackExpansion() , PixelVectorType::PixelVectorType() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::PointerToMemberConversionExpr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , PostfixExpr::PostfixExpr() , PostfixQualifiedType::PostfixQualifiedType() , PrefixExpr::PrefixExpr() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::QualifiedName() , QualType::QualType() , ReferenceType::ReferenceType() , RequiresExpr::RequiresExpr() , SizeofParamPackExpr::SizeofParamPackExpr() , SpecialName::SpecialName() , StringLiteral::StringLiteral() , StructuredBindingName::StructuredBindingName() , SubobjectExpr::SubobjectExpr() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::SyntheticTemplateParamName() , TemplateArgs::TemplateArgs() , TemplateArgumentPack::TemplateArgumentPack() , TemplateParamPackDecl::TemplateParamPackDecl() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::TemplateParamQualifiedArg() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::TemplateTemplateParamDecl() , ThrowExpr::ThrowExpr() , TransformedType::TransformedType() , TypeRequirement::TypeRequirement() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::TypeTemplateParamDecl() , UnnamedTypeName::UnnamedTypeName() , VectorType::VectorType() , and VendorExtQualType::VendorExtQualType() . ◆  Node() [2/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Cache RHSComponentCache_ , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 226 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , Node() , and Primary . ◆  ~Node() virtual Node::~Node ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  dump() DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void Node::dump ( ) const References DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD . Referenced by llvm::DAGTypeLegalizer::run() , and llvm::RISCVDAGToDAGISel::Select() . ◆  getArrayCache() Cache Node::getArrayCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 262 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getBaseName() virtual std::string_view Node::getBaseName ( ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in AbiTagAttr , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , GlobalQualifiedName , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , QualifiedName , and SpecialSubstitution . Definition at line 299 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  getFunctionCache() Cache Node::getFunctionCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 263 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getKind() Kind Node::getKind ( ) const inline Definition at line 258 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseCtorDtorName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseNestedName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateArgs() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParam() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseUnscopedName() , NodeArray::printAsString() , and llvm::msgpack::Document::writeToBlob() . ◆  getPrecedence() Prec Node::getPrecedence ( ) const inline Definition at line 260 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by ArraySubscriptExpr::match() , BinaryExpr::match() , CallExpr::match() , CastExpr::match() , ConditionalExpr::match() , ConversionExpr::match() , DeleteExpr::match() , EnclosingExpr::match() , MemberExpr::match() , NewExpr::match() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::match() , PostfixExpr::match() , PrefixExpr::match() , printAsOperand() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , and PrefixExpr::printLeft() . ◆  getRHSComponentCache() Cache Node::getRHSComponentCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 261 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , QualType::QualType() , and ReferenceType::ReferenceType() . ◆  getSyntaxNode() virtual const Node * Node::getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , and ParameterPack . Definition at line 271 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node() , and OutputBuffer . ◆  hasArray() bool Node::hasArray ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 246 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , hasArraySlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasArraySlow() virtual bool Node::hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 266 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasArray() . ◆  hasFunction() bool Node::hasFunction ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 252 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache , hasFunctionSlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasFunctionSlow() virtual bool Node::hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 267 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasFunction() . ◆  hasRHSComponent() bool Node::hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 240 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , RHSComponentCache , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasRHSComponentSlow() virtual bool Node::hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , QualType , and ReferenceType . Definition at line 265 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasRHSComponent() . ◆  print() void Node::print ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 286 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , OutputBuffer , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by llvm::ItaniumPartialDemangler::getFunctionDeclContextName() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< AADepGraph * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< const MachineFunction * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::itaniumDemangle() , printAsOperand() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , and printNode() . ◆  printAsOperand() void Node::printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer & OB , Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse = false  ) const inline Definition at line 275 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Default , getPrecedence() , OutputBuffer , P , and print() . Referenced by llvm::DOTGraphTraits< DOTFuncInfo * >::getBBName() , getSimpleNodeName() , llvm::operator<<() , llvm::VPIRMetadata::print() , and llvm::SimpleNodeLabelString() . ◆  printInitListAsType() virtual bool Node::printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer & , const NodeArray &  ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType . Definition at line 295 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . ◆  visit() template<typename Fn> void Node::visit ( Fn F ) const Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. Visit the node. Calls F(P) , where P is the node cast to the appropriate derived class. Definition at line 2639 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , and F . Friends And Related Symbol Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer friend class OutputBuffer friend Definition at line 309 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , hasArray() , ArrayType::hasArraySlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasArraySlow() , hasArraySlow() , ParameterPack::hasArraySlow() , QualType::hasArraySlow() , hasFunction() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasFunctionSlow() , ParameterPack::hasFunctionSlow() , QualType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasRHSComponent() , ArrayType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , hasRHSComponentSlow() , ParameterPack::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerToMemberType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , QualType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ReferenceType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , print() , printAsOperand() , ClosureTypeName::printDeclarator() , ArrayType::printInitListAsType() , printInitListAsType() , AbiTagAttr::printLeft() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , ArrayType::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , BinaryFPType::printLeft() , BitIntType::printLeft() , BoolExpr::printLeft() , BracedExpr::printLeft() , BracedRangeExpr::printLeft() , CallExpr::printLeft() , CastExpr::printLeft() , ClosureTypeName::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ConversionExpr::printLeft() , ConversionOperatorType::printLeft() , CtorDtorName::printLeft() , CtorVtableSpecialName::printLeft() , DeleteExpr::printLeft() , DotSuffix::printLeft() , DtorName::printLeft() , DynamicExceptionSpec::printLeft() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::printLeft() , EnableIfAttr::printLeft() , EnclosingExpr::printLeft() , EnumLiteral::printLeft() , ExplicitObjectParameter::printLeft() , ExprRequirement::printLeft() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::printLeft() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , ForwardTemplateReference::printLeft() , FunctionEncoding::printLeft() , FunctionParam::printLeft() , FunctionType::printLeft() , GlobalQualifiedName::printLeft() , InitListExpr::printLeft() , IntegerLiteral::printLeft() , LambdaExpr::printLeft() , LiteralOperator::printLeft() , LocalName::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , MemberLikeFriendName::printLeft() , ModuleEntity::printLeft() , ModuleName::printLeft() , NameType::printLeft() , NameWithTemplateArgs::printLeft() , NestedName::printLeft() , NestedRequirement::printLeft() , NewExpr::printLeft() , NodeArrayNode::printLeft() , NoexceptSpec::printLeft() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ObjCProtoName::printLeft() , ParameterPack::printLeft() , ParameterPackExpansion::printLeft() , PixelVectorType::printLeft() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::printLeft() , PointerToMemberType::printLeft() , PointerType::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , PostfixQualifiedType::printLeft() , PrefixExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::printLeft() , QualType::printLeft() , ReferenceType::printLeft() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , SizeofParamPackExpr::printLeft() , SpecialName::printLeft() , SpecialSubstitution::printLeft() , StringLiteral::printLeft() , StructuredBindingName::printLeft() , SubobjectExpr::printLeft() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::printLeft() , TemplateArgs::printLeft() , TemplateArgumentPack::printLeft() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printLeft() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::printLeft() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ThrowExpr::printLeft() , TransformedType::printLeft() , TypeRequirement::printLeft() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , UnnamedTypeName::printLeft() , VectorType::printLeft() , VendorExtQualType::printLeft() , QualType::printQuals() , ArrayType::printRight() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ForwardTemplateReference::printRight() , FunctionEncoding::printRight() , FunctionType::printRight() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ParameterPack::printRight() , PointerToMemberType::printRight() , PointerType::printRight() , QualType::printRight() , ReferenceType::printRight() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printRight() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , and TypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() . Member Data Documentation ◆  ArrayCache Cache Node::ArrayCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 214 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getArrayCache() , hasArray() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  FunctionCache Cache Node::FunctionCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 218 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getFunctionCache() , hasFunction() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  RHSComponentCache Cache Node::RHSComponentCache protected Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Definition at line 210 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getRHSComponentCache() , hasRHSComponent() , Node() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , and print() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/classNode.html#abce703f211f6a577085b4b8ad68cbb19	LLVM: Node Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Types \| Public Member Functions \| Protected Attributes \| Friends \| List of all members Node Class Reference abstract #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inherited by FloatLiteralImpl< float > , FloatLiteralImpl< double > , FloatLiteralImpl< long double > , AbiTagAttr , ArraySubscriptExpr , ArrayType , BinaryExpr , BinaryFPType , BitIntType , BoolExpr , BracedExpr , BracedRangeExpr , CallExpr , CastExpr , ClosureTypeName , ConditionalExpr , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl , ConversionExpr , ConversionOperatorType , CtorDtorName , CtorVtableSpecialName , DeleteExpr , DotSuffix , DtorName , DynamicExceptionSpec , ElaboratedTypeSpefType , EnableIfAttr , EnclosingExpr , EnumLiteral , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , ExplicitObjectParameter , ExprRequirement , FloatLiteralImpl< Float > , FoldExpr , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionParam , FunctionType , GlobalQualifiedName , InitListExpr , IntegerLiteral , LambdaExpr , LiteralOperator , LocalName , MemberExpr , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , ModuleName , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , NestedRequirement , NewExpr , NodeArrayNode , NoexceptSpec , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl , ObjCProtoName , ParameterPack , ParameterPackExpansion , PixelVectorType , PointerToMemberConversionExpr , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , PostfixExpr , PostfixQualifiedType , PrefixExpr , QualType , QualifiedName , ReferenceType , RequiresExpr , SizeofParamPackExpr , SpecialName , StringLiteral , StructuredBindingName , SubobjectExpr , SyntheticTemplateParamName , TemplateArgs , TemplateArgumentPack , TemplateParamPackDecl , TemplateParamQualifiedArg , TemplateTemplateParamDecl , ThrowExpr , TransformedType , TypeRequirement , TypeTemplateParamDecl , UnnamedTypeName , VectorType , and VendorExtQualType . Public Types enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Public Member Functions   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node *  getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Protected Attributes Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Friends class  OutputBuffer Detailed Description Definition at line 166 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Member Enumeration Documentation ◆  Cache enum class Node::Cache : uint8_t strong Three-way bool to track a cached value. Unknown is possible if this node has an unexpanded parameter pack below it that may affect this cache. Enumerator Yes  No  Unknown  Definition at line 175 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Kind enum Node::Kind : uint8_t Definition at line 168 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Prec enum class Node::Prec : uint8_t strong Operator precedence for expression nodes. Used to determine required parens in expression emission. Enumerator Primary  Postfix  Unary  Cast  PtrMem  Multiplicative  Additive  Shift  Spaceship  Relational  Equality  And  Xor  Ior  AndIf  OrIf  Conditional  Assign  Comma  Default  Definition at line 179 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  Node() [1/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Prec Precedence_ = Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_ = Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 221 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , FunctionCache , No , Primary , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , ArraySubscriptExpr::ArraySubscriptExpr() , ArrayType::ArrayType() , BinaryExpr::BinaryExpr() , BinaryFPType::BinaryFPType() , BitIntType::BitIntType() , BoolExpr::BoolExpr() , BracedExpr::BracedExpr() , BracedRangeExpr::BracedRangeExpr() , CallExpr::CallExpr() , CastExpr::CastExpr() , ClosureTypeName::ClosureTypeName() , ConditionalExpr::ConditionalExpr() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ConversionExpr::ConversionExpr() , ConversionOperatorType::ConversionOperatorType() , CtorDtorName::CtorDtorName() , CtorVtableSpecialName::CtorVtableSpecialName() , DeleteExpr::DeleteExpr() , DotSuffix::DotSuffix() , DtorName::DtorName() , DynamicExceptionSpec::DynamicExceptionSpec() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::ElaboratedTypeSpefType() , EnableIfAttr::EnableIfAttr() , EnclosingExpr::EnclosingExpr() , EnumLiteral::EnumLiteral() , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution::ExpandedSpecialSubstitution() , ExplicitObjectParameter::ExplicitObjectParameter() , ExprRequirement::ExprRequirement() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::FloatLiteralImpl() , FoldExpr::FoldExpr() , ForwardTemplateReference::ForwardTemplateReference() , FunctionEncoding::FunctionEncoding() , FunctionParam::FunctionParam() , FunctionType::FunctionType() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::getArg() , FunctionEncoding::getAttrs() , VectorType::getBaseType() , ParameterPackExpansion::getChild() , QualType::getChild() , VectorType::getDimension() , FunctionEncoding::getName() , PointerType::getPointee() , FunctionEncoding::getRequires() , FunctionEncoding::getReturnType() , ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , VendorExtQualType::getTA() , VendorExtQualType::getTy() , GlobalQualifiedName::GlobalQualifiedName() , InitListExpr::InitListExpr() , IntegerLiteral::IntegerLiteral() , LambdaExpr::LambdaExpr() , LiteralOperator::LiteralOperator() , LocalName::LocalName() , MemberExpr::MemberExpr() , MemberLikeFriendName::MemberLikeFriendName() , ModuleEntity::ModuleEntity() , ModuleName::ModuleName() , NameType::NameType() , NameWithTemplateArgs::NameWithTemplateArgs() , NestedName::NestedName() , NestedRequirement::NestedRequirement() , NewExpr::NewExpr() , Node() , NodeArrayNode::NodeArrayNode() , NoexceptSpec::NoexceptSpec() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::NonTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , ParameterPackExpansion::ParameterPackExpansion() , PixelVectorType::PixelVectorType() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::PointerToMemberConversionExpr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , PostfixExpr::PostfixExpr() , PostfixQualifiedType::PostfixQualifiedType() , PrefixExpr::PrefixExpr() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::QualifiedName() , QualType::QualType() , ReferenceType::ReferenceType() , RequiresExpr::RequiresExpr() , SizeofParamPackExpr::SizeofParamPackExpr() , SpecialName::SpecialName() , StringLiteral::StringLiteral() , StructuredBindingName::StructuredBindingName() , SubobjectExpr::SubobjectExpr() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::SyntheticTemplateParamName() , TemplateArgs::TemplateArgs() , TemplateArgumentPack::TemplateArgumentPack() , TemplateParamPackDecl::TemplateParamPackDecl() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::TemplateParamQualifiedArg() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::TemplateTemplateParamDecl() , ThrowExpr::ThrowExpr() , TransformedType::TransformedType() , TypeRequirement::TypeRequirement() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::TypeTemplateParamDecl() , UnnamedTypeName::UnnamedTypeName() , VectorType::VectorType() , and VendorExtQualType::VendorExtQualType() . ◆  Node() [2/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Cache RHSComponentCache_ , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 226 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , Node() , and Primary . ◆  ~Node() virtual Node::~Node ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  dump() DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void Node::dump ( ) const References DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD . Referenced by llvm::DAGTypeLegalizer::run() , and llvm::RISCVDAGToDAGISel::Select() . ◆  getArrayCache() Cache Node::getArrayCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 262 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getBaseName() virtual std::string_view Node::getBaseName ( ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in AbiTagAttr , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , GlobalQualifiedName , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , QualifiedName , and SpecialSubstitution . Definition at line 299 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  getFunctionCache() Cache Node::getFunctionCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 263 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getKind() Kind Node::getKind ( ) const inline Definition at line 258 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseCtorDtorName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseNestedName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateArgs() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParam() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseUnscopedName() , NodeArray::printAsString() , and llvm::msgpack::Document::writeToBlob() . ◆  getPrecedence() Prec Node::getPrecedence ( ) const inline Definition at line 260 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by ArraySubscriptExpr::match() , BinaryExpr::match() , CallExpr::match() , CastExpr::match() , ConditionalExpr::match() , ConversionExpr::match() , DeleteExpr::match() , EnclosingExpr::match() , MemberExpr::match() , NewExpr::match() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::match() , PostfixExpr::match() , PrefixExpr::match() , printAsOperand() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , and PrefixExpr::printLeft() . ◆  getRHSComponentCache() Cache Node::getRHSComponentCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 261 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , QualType::QualType() , and ReferenceType::ReferenceType() . ◆  getSyntaxNode() virtual const Node * Node::getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , and ParameterPack . Definition at line 271 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node() , and OutputBuffer . ◆  hasArray() bool Node::hasArray ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 246 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , hasArraySlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasArraySlow() virtual bool Node::hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 266 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasArray() . ◆  hasFunction() bool Node::hasFunction ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 252 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache , hasFunctionSlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasFunctionSlow() virtual bool Node::hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 267 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasFunction() . ◆  hasRHSComponent() bool Node::hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 240 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , RHSComponentCache , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasRHSComponentSlow() virtual bool Node::hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , QualType , and ReferenceType . Definition at line 265 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasRHSComponent() . ◆  print() void Node::print ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 286 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , OutputBuffer , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by llvm::ItaniumPartialDemangler::getFunctionDeclContextName() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< AADepGraph * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< const MachineFunction * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::itaniumDemangle() , printAsOperand() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , and printNode() . ◆  printAsOperand() void Node::printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer & OB , Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse = false  ) const inline Definition at line 275 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Default , getPrecedence() , OutputBuffer , P , and print() . Referenced by llvm::DOTGraphTraits< DOTFuncInfo * >::getBBName() , getSimpleNodeName() , llvm::operator<<() , llvm::VPIRMetadata::print() , and llvm::SimpleNodeLabelString() . ◆  printInitListAsType() virtual bool Node::printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer & , const NodeArray &  ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType . Definition at line 295 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . ◆  visit() template<typename Fn> void Node::visit ( Fn F ) const Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. Visit the node. Calls F(P) , where P is the node cast to the appropriate derived class. Definition at line 2639 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , and F . Friends And Related Symbol Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer friend class OutputBuffer friend Definition at line 309 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , hasArray() , ArrayType::hasArraySlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasArraySlow() , hasArraySlow() , ParameterPack::hasArraySlow() , QualType::hasArraySlow() , hasFunction() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasFunctionSlow() , ParameterPack::hasFunctionSlow() , QualType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasRHSComponent() , ArrayType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , hasRHSComponentSlow() , ParameterPack::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerToMemberType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , QualType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ReferenceType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , print() , printAsOperand() , ClosureTypeName::printDeclarator() , ArrayType::printInitListAsType() , printInitListAsType() , AbiTagAttr::printLeft() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , ArrayType::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , BinaryFPType::printLeft() , BitIntType::printLeft() , BoolExpr::printLeft() , BracedExpr::printLeft() , BracedRangeExpr::printLeft() , CallExpr::printLeft() , CastExpr::printLeft() , ClosureTypeName::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ConversionExpr::printLeft() , ConversionOperatorType::printLeft() , CtorDtorName::printLeft() , CtorVtableSpecialName::printLeft() , DeleteExpr::printLeft() , DotSuffix::printLeft() , DtorName::printLeft() , DynamicExceptionSpec::printLeft() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::printLeft() , EnableIfAttr::printLeft() , EnclosingExpr::printLeft() , EnumLiteral::printLeft() , ExplicitObjectParameter::printLeft() , ExprRequirement::printLeft() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::printLeft() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , ForwardTemplateReference::printLeft() , FunctionEncoding::printLeft() , FunctionParam::printLeft() , FunctionType::printLeft() , GlobalQualifiedName::printLeft() , InitListExpr::printLeft() , IntegerLiteral::printLeft() , LambdaExpr::printLeft() , LiteralOperator::printLeft() , LocalName::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , MemberLikeFriendName::printLeft() , ModuleEntity::printLeft() , ModuleName::printLeft() , NameType::printLeft() , NameWithTemplateArgs::printLeft() , NestedName::printLeft() , NestedRequirement::printLeft() , NewExpr::printLeft() , NodeArrayNode::printLeft() , NoexceptSpec::printLeft() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ObjCProtoName::printLeft() , ParameterPack::printLeft() , ParameterPackExpansion::printLeft() , PixelVectorType::printLeft() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::printLeft() , PointerToMemberType::printLeft() , PointerType::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , PostfixQualifiedType::printLeft() , PrefixExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::printLeft() , QualType::printLeft() , ReferenceType::printLeft() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , SizeofParamPackExpr::printLeft() , SpecialName::printLeft() , SpecialSubstitution::printLeft() , StringLiteral::printLeft() , StructuredBindingName::printLeft() , SubobjectExpr::printLeft() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::printLeft() , TemplateArgs::printLeft() , TemplateArgumentPack::printLeft() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printLeft() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::printLeft() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ThrowExpr::printLeft() , TransformedType::printLeft() , TypeRequirement::printLeft() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , UnnamedTypeName::printLeft() , VectorType::printLeft() , VendorExtQualType::printLeft() , QualType::printQuals() , ArrayType::printRight() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ForwardTemplateReference::printRight() , FunctionEncoding::printRight() , FunctionType::printRight() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ParameterPack::printRight() , PointerToMemberType::printRight() , PointerType::printRight() , QualType::printRight() , ReferenceType::printRight() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printRight() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , and TypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() . Member Data Documentation ◆  ArrayCache Cache Node::ArrayCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 214 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getArrayCache() , hasArray() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  FunctionCache Cache Node::FunctionCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 218 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getFunctionCache() , hasFunction() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  RHSComponentCache Cache Node::RHSComponentCache protected Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Definition at line 210 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getRHSComponentCache() , hasRHSComponent() , Node() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , and print() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
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https://llvm.org/doxygen/classNode.html#a71e83c2fb7c7ebff21c7e44eaa393655	LLVM: Node Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Types \| Public Member Functions \| Protected Attributes \| Friends \| List of all members Node Class Reference abstract #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inherited by FloatLiteralImpl< float > , FloatLiteralImpl< double > , FloatLiteralImpl< long double > , AbiTagAttr , ArraySubscriptExpr , ArrayType , BinaryExpr , BinaryFPType , BitIntType , BoolExpr , BracedExpr , BracedRangeExpr , CallExpr , CastExpr , ClosureTypeName , ConditionalExpr , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl , ConversionExpr , ConversionOperatorType , CtorDtorName , CtorVtableSpecialName , DeleteExpr , DotSuffix , DtorName , DynamicExceptionSpec , ElaboratedTypeSpefType , EnableIfAttr , EnclosingExpr , EnumLiteral , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , ExplicitObjectParameter , ExprRequirement , FloatLiteralImpl< Float > , FoldExpr , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionParam , FunctionType , GlobalQualifiedName , InitListExpr , IntegerLiteral , LambdaExpr , LiteralOperator , LocalName , MemberExpr , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , ModuleName , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , NestedRequirement , NewExpr , NodeArrayNode , NoexceptSpec , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl , ObjCProtoName , ParameterPack , ParameterPackExpansion , PixelVectorType , PointerToMemberConversionExpr , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , PostfixExpr , PostfixQualifiedType , PrefixExpr , QualType , QualifiedName , ReferenceType , RequiresExpr , SizeofParamPackExpr , SpecialName , StringLiteral , StructuredBindingName , SubobjectExpr , SyntheticTemplateParamName , TemplateArgs , TemplateArgumentPack , TemplateParamPackDecl , TemplateParamQualifiedArg , TemplateTemplateParamDecl , ThrowExpr , TransformedType , TypeRequirement , TypeTemplateParamDecl , UnnamedTypeName , VectorType , and VendorExtQualType . Public Types enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Public Member Functions   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node *  getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Protected Attributes Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Friends class  OutputBuffer Detailed Description Definition at line 166 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Member Enumeration Documentation ◆  Cache enum class Node::Cache : uint8_t strong Three-way bool to track a cached value. Unknown is possible if this node has an unexpanded parameter pack below it that may affect this cache. Enumerator Yes  No  Unknown  Definition at line 175 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Kind enum Node::Kind : uint8_t Definition at line 168 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  Prec enum class Node::Prec : uint8_t strong Operator precedence for expression nodes. Used to determine required parens in expression emission. Enumerator Primary  Postfix  Unary  Cast  PtrMem  Multiplicative  Additive  Shift  Spaceship  Relational  Equality  And  Xor  Ior  AndIf  OrIf  Conditional  Assign  Comma  Default  Definition at line 179 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  Node() [1/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Prec Precedence_ = Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_ = Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 221 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , FunctionCache , No , Primary , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , ArraySubscriptExpr::ArraySubscriptExpr() , ArrayType::ArrayType() , BinaryExpr::BinaryExpr() , BinaryFPType::BinaryFPType() , BitIntType::BitIntType() , BoolExpr::BoolExpr() , BracedExpr::BracedExpr() , BracedRangeExpr::BracedRangeExpr() , CallExpr::CallExpr() , CastExpr::CastExpr() , ClosureTypeName::ClosureTypeName() , ConditionalExpr::ConditionalExpr() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ConversionExpr::ConversionExpr() , ConversionOperatorType::ConversionOperatorType() , CtorDtorName::CtorDtorName() , CtorVtableSpecialName::CtorVtableSpecialName() , DeleteExpr::DeleteExpr() , DotSuffix::DotSuffix() , DtorName::DtorName() , DynamicExceptionSpec::DynamicExceptionSpec() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::ElaboratedTypeSpefType() , EnableIfAttr::EnableIfAttr() , EnclosingExpr::EnclosingExpr() , EnumLiteral::EnumLiteral() , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution::ExpandedSpecialSubstitution() , ExplicitObjectParameter::ExplicitObjectParameter() , ExprRequirement::ExprRequirement() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::FloatLiteralImpl() , FoldExpr::FoldExpr() , ForwardTemplateReference::ForwardTemplateReference() , FunctionEncoding::FunctionEncoding() , FunctionParam::FunctionParam() , FunctionType::FunctionType() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::getArg() , FunctionEncoding::getAttrs() , VectorType::getBaseType() , ParameterPackExpansion::getChild() , QualType::getChild() , VectorType::getDimension() , FunctionEncoding::getName() , PointerType::getPointee() , FunctionEncoding::getRequires() , FunctionEncoding::getReturnType() , ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , VendorExtQualType::getTA() , VendorExtQualType::getTy() , GlobalQualifiedName::GlobalQualifiedName() , InitListExpr::InitListExpr() , IntegerLiteral::IntegerLiteral() , LambdaExpr::LambdaExpr() , LiteralOperator::LiteralOperator() , LocalName::LocalName() , MemberExpr::MemberExpr() , MemberLikeFriendName::MemberLikeFriendName() , ModuleEntity::ModuleEntity() , ModuleName::ModuleName() , NameType::NameType() , NameWithTemplateArgs::NameWithTemplateArgs() , NestedName::NestedName() , NestedRequirement::NestedRequirement() , NewExpr::NewExpr() , Node() , NodeArrayNode::NodeArrayNode() , NoexceptSpec::NoexceptSpec() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::NonTypeTemplateParamDecl() , ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , ParameterPackExpansion::ParameterPackExpansion() , PixelVectorType::PixelVectorType() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::PointerToMemberConversionExpr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , PostfixExpr::PostfixExpr() , PostfixQualifiedType::PostfixQualifiedType() , PrefixExpr::PrefixExpr() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::QualifiedName() , QualType::QualType() , ReferenceType::ReferenceType() , RequiresExpr::RequiresExpr() , SizeofParamPackExpr::SizeofParamPackExpr() , SpecialName::SpecialName() , StringLiteral::StringLiteral() , StructuredBindingName::StructuredBindingName() , SubobjectExpr::SubobjectExpr() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::SyntheticTemplateParamName() , TemplateArgs::TemplateArgs() , TemplateArgumentPack::TemplateArgumentPack() , TemplateParamPackDecl::TemplateParamPackDecl() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::TemplateParamQualifiedArg() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::TemplateTemplateParamDecl() , ThrowExpr::ThrowExpr() , TransformedType::TransformedType() , TypeRequirement::TypeRequirement() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::TypeTemplateParamDecl() , UnnamedTypeName::UnnamedTypeName() , VectorType::VectorType() , and VendorExtQualType::VendorExtQualType() . ◆  Node() [2/2] Node::Node ( Kind K_ , Cache RHSComponentCache_ , Cache ArrayCache_ = Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_ = Cache::No  ) inline Definition at line 226 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , Node() , and Primary . ◆  ~Node() virtual Node::~Node ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  dump() DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void Node::dump ( ) const References DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD . Referenced by llvm::DAGTypeLegalizer::run() , and llvm::RISCVDAGToDAGISel::Select() . ◆  getArrayCache() Cache Node::getArrayCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 262 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getBaseName() virtual std::string_view Node::getBaseName ( ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in AbiTagAttr , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution , GlobalQualifiedName , MemberLikeFriendName , ModuleEntity , NameType , NameWithTemplateArgs , NestedName , QualifiedName , and SpecialSubstitution . Definition at line 299 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  getFunctionCache() Cache Node::getFunctionCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 263 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , and QualType::QualType() . ◆  getKind() Kind Node::getKind ( ) const inline Definition at line 258 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseCtorDtorName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseNestedName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateArgs() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParam() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseUnscopedName() , NodeArray::printAsString() , and llvm::msgpack::Document::writeToBlob() . ◆  getPrecedence() Prec Node::getPrecedence ( ) const inline Definition at line 260 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by ArraySubscriptExpr::match() , BinaryExpr::match() , CallExpr::match() , CastExpr::match() , ConditionalExpr::match() , ConversionExpr::match() , DeleteExpr::match() , EnclosingExpr::match() , MemberExpr::match() , NewExpr::match() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::match() , PostfixExpr::match() , PrefixExpr::match() , printAsOperand() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , and PrefixExpr::printLeft() . ◆  getRHSComponentCache() Cache Node::getRHSComponentCache ( ) const inline Definition at line 261 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References RHSComponentCache . Referenced by AbiTagAttr::AbiTagAttr() , PointerToMemberType::PointerToMemberType() , PointerType::PointerType() , QualType::QualType() , and ReferenceType::ReferenceType() . ◆  getSyntaxNode() virtual const Node * Node::getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , and ParameterPack . Definition at line 271 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node() , and OutputBuffer . ◆  hasArray() bool Node::hasArray ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 246 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References ArrayCache , hasArraySlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasArraySlow() virtual bool Node::hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 266 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasArray() . ◆  hasFunction() bool Node::hasFunction ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 252 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References FunctionCache , hasFunctionSlow() , OutputBuffer , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasFunctionSlow() virtual bool Node::hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , and QualType . Definition at line 267 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasFunction() . ◆  hasRHSComponent() bool Node::hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 240 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , RHSComponentCache , Unknown , and Yes . ◆  hasRHSComponentSlow() virtual bool Node::hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer & ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType , ForwardTemplateReference , FunctionEncoding , FunctionType , ParameterPack , PointerToMemberType , PointerType , QualType , and ReferenceType . Definition at line 265 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by hasRHSComponent() . ◆  print() void Node::print ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline Definition at line 286 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References No , OutputBuffer , and RHSComponentCache . Referenced by llvm::ItaniumPartialDemangler::getFunctionDeclContextName() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< AADepGraph * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::DOTGraphTraits< const MachineFunction * >::getNodeLabel() , llvm::itaniumDemangle() , printAsOperand() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , and printNode() . ◆  printAsOperand() void Node::printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer & OB , Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse = false  ) const inline Definition at line 275 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Default , getPrecedence() , OutputBuffer , P , and print() . Referenced by llvm::DOTGraphTraits< DOTFuncInfo * >::getBBName() , getSimpleNodeName() , llvm::operator<<() , llvm::VPIRMetadata::print() , and llvm::SimpleNodeLabelString() . ◆  printInitListAsType() virtual bool Node::printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer & , const NodeArray &  ) const inline virtual Reimplemented in ArrayType . Definition at line 295 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . ◆  visit() template<typename Fn> void Node::visit ( Fn F ) const Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. Visit the node. Calls F(P) , where P is the node cast to the appropriate derived class. Definition at line 2639 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , and F . Friends And Related Symbol Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer friend class OutputBuffer friend Definition at line 309 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References OutputBuffer . Referenced by ForwardTemplateReference::getSyntaxNode() , getSyntaxNode() , ParameterPack::getSyntaxNode() , hasArray() , ArrayType::hasArraySlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasArraySlow() , hasArraySlow() , ParameterPack::hasArraySlow() , QualType::hasArraySlow() , hasFunction() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasFunctionSlow() , FunctionType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasFunctionSlow() , ParameterPack::hasFunctionSlow() , QualType::hasFunctionSlow() , hasRHSComponent() , ArrayType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ForwardTemplateReference::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionEncoding::hasRHSComponentSlow() , FunctionType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , hasRHSComponentSlow() , ParameterPack::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerToMemberType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , PointerType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , QualType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , ReferenceType::hasRHSComponentSlow() , OutputBuffer , print() , printAsOperand() , ClosureTypeName::printDeclarator() , ArrayType::printInitListAsType() , printInitListAsType() , AbiTagAttr::printLeft() , ArraySubscriptExpr::printLeft() , ArrayType::printLeft() , BinaryExpr::printLeft() , BinaryFPType::printLeft() , BitIntType::printLeft() , BoolExpr::printLeft() , BracedExpr::printLeft() , BracedRangeExpr::printLeft() , CallExpr::printLeft() , CastExpr::printLeft() , ClosureTypeName::printLeft() , ConditionalExpr::printLeft() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ConversionExpr::printLeft() , ConversionOperatorType::printLeft() , CtorDtorName::printLeft() , CtorVtableSpecialName::printLeft() , DeleteExpr::printLeft() , DotSuffix::printLeft() , DtorName::printLeft() , DynamicExceptionSpec::printLeft() , ElaboratedTypeSpefType::printLeft() , EnableIfAttr::printLeft() , EnclosingExpr::printLeft() , EnumLiteral::printLeft() , ExplicitObjectParameter::printLeft() , ExprRequirement::printLeft() , FloatLiteralImpl< float >::printLeft() , FoldExpr::printLeft() , ForwardTemplateReference::printLeft() , FunctionEncoding::printLeft() , FunctionParam::printLeft() , FunctionType::printLeft() , GlobalQualifiedName::printLeft() , InitListExpr::printLeft() , IntegerLiteral::printLeft() , LambdaExpr::printLeft() , LiteralOperator::printLeft() , LocalName::printLeft() , MemberExpr::printLeft() , MemberLikeFriendName::printLeft() , ModuleEntity::printLeft() , ModuleName::printLeft() , NameType::printLeft() , NameWithTemplateArgs::printLeft() , NestedName::printLeft() , NestedRequirement::printLeft() , NewExpr::printLeft() , NodeArrayNode::printLeft() , NoexceptSpec::printLeft() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ObjCProtoName::printLeft() , ParameterPack::printLeft() , ParameterPackExpansion::printLeft() , PixelVectorType::printLeft() , PointerToMemberConversionExpr::printLeft() , PointerToMemberType::printLeft() , PointerType::printLeft() , PostfixExpr::printLeft() , PostfixQualifiedType::printLeft() , PrefixExpr::printLeft() , QualifiedName::printLeft() , QualType::printLeft() , ReferenceType::printLeft() , RequiresExpr::printLeft() , SizeofParamPackExpr::printLeft() , SpecialName::printLeft() , SpecialSubstitution::printLeft() , StringLiteral::printLeft() , StructuredBindingName::printLeft() , SubobjectExpr::printLeft() , SyntheticTemplateParamName::printLeft() , TemplateArgs::printLeft() , TemplateArgumentPack::printLeft() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printLeft() , TemplateParamQualifiedArg::printLeft() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , ThrowExpr::printLeft() , TransformedType::printLeft() , TypeRequirement::printLeft() , TypeTemplateParamDecl::printLeft() , UnnamedTypeName::printLeft() , VectorType::printLeft() , VendorExtQualType::printLeft() , QualType::printQuals() , ArrayType::printRight() , ConstrainedTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ForwardTemplateReference::printRight() , FunctionEncoding::printRight() , FunctionType::printRight() , NonTypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , ParameterPack::printRight() , PointerToMemberType::printRight() , PointerType::printRight() , QualType::printRight() , ReferenceType::printRight() , TemplateParamPackDecl::printRight() , TemplateTemplateParamDecl::printRight() , and TypeTemplateParamDecl::printRight() . Member Data Documentation ◆  ArrayCache Cache Node::ArrayCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 214 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getArrayCache() , hasArray() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  FunctionCache Cache Node::FunctionCache protected Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. This can affect how we format the output string. Definition at line 218 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getFunctionCache() , hasFunction() , Node() , and ParameterPack::ParameterPack() . ◆  RHSComponentCache Cache Node::RHSComponentCache protected Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Definition at line 210 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by getRHSComponentCache() , hasRHSComponent() , Node() , ParameterPack::ParameterPack() , and print() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
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https://llvm.org/doxygen/classOutputBuffer.html#a6272052905c9a7b5c17e3638d93466c9	LLVM: OutputBuffer Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Member Functions \| Public Attributes \| List of all members OutputBuffer Class Reference #include " llvm/Demangle/Utility.h " Public Member Functions   OutputBuffer ( char StartBuf, size_t Size )   OutputBuffer ( char StartBuf, size_t SizePtr)   OutputBuffer ()=default   OutputBuffer ( const OutputBuffer &)=delete OutputBuffer &  operator= ( const OutputBuffer &)=delete virtual  ~OutputBuffer ()=default   operator std::string_view () const virtual void  printLeft ( const Node & N )   Called by the demangler when printing the demangle tree. virtual void  printRight ( const Node & N ) virtual void  notifyInsertion (size_t, size_t)   Called when we write to this object anywhere other than the end. virtual void  notifyDeletion (size_t, size_t)   Called when we make the CurrentPosition of this object smaller. bool   isInParensInTemplateArgs () const   Returns true if we're currently between a '(' and ')' when printing template args. bool   isInsideTemplateArgs () const   Returns true if we're printing template args. void  printOpen ( char Open='(') void  printClose ( char Close=')') OutputBuffer &  operator+= (std::string_view R) OutputBuffer &  operator+= ( char C ) OutputBuffer &  prepend (std::string_view R) OutputBuffer &  operator<< (std::string_view R) OutputBuffer &  operator<< ( char C ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< (long long N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< ( unsigned long long N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< (long N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< ( unsigned long N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< (int N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< ( unsigned int N ) void  insert (size_t Pos, const char S, size_t N ) size_t  getCurrentPosition () const void  setCurrentPosition (size_t NewPos) char   back () const bool   empty () const char *  getBuffer () char *  getBufferEnd () size_t  getBufferCapacity () const Public Attributes unsigned   CurrentPackIndex = std::numeric_limits< unsigned >::max()   If a ParameterPackExpansion (or similar type) is encountered, the offset into the pack that we're currently printing. unsigned   CurrentPackMax = std::numeric_limits< unsigned >::max() struct {      unsigned     ParenDepth = 0    The depth of '(' and ')' inside the currently printed template arguments. More...     bool     InsideTemplate = false    True if we're currently printing a template argument. More... }  TemplateTracker Detailed Description Definition at line 34 of file Utility.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer() [1/4] OutputBuffer::OutputBuffer ( char * StartBuf , size_t Size  ) inline Definition at line 75 of file Utility.h . References Size . Referenced by operator+=() , operator+=() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator=() , OutputBuffer() , OutputBuffer() , and prepend() . ◆  OutputBuffer() [2/4] OutputBuffer::OutputBuffer ( char * StartBuf , size_t * SizePtr  ) inline Definition at line 77 of file Utility.h . References OutputBuffer() . ◆  OutputBuffer() [3/4] OutputBuffer::OutputBuffer ( ) default ◆  OutputBuffer() [4/4] OutputBuffer::OutputBuffer ( const OutputBuffer & ) delete References OutputBuffer() . ◆  ~OutputBuffer() virtual OutputBuffer::~OutputBuffer ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  back() char OutputBuffer::back ( ) const inline Definition at line 213 of file Utility.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT . ◆  empty() bool OutputBuffer::empty ( ) const inline Definition at line 218 of file Utility.h . ◆  getBuffer() char * OutputBuffer::getBuffer ( ) inline Definition at line 220 of file Utility.h . Referenced by llvm::dlangDemangle() , removeNullBytes() , and llvm::ThinLTOCodeGenerator::writeGeneratedObject() . ◆  getBufferCapacity() size_t OutputBuffer::getBufferCapacity ( ) const inline Definition at line 222 of file Utility.h . ◆  getBufferEnd() char * OutputBuffer::getBufferEnd ( ) inline Definition at line 221 of file Utility.h . ◆  getCurrentPosition() size_t OutputBuffer::getCurrentPosition ( ) const inline Definition at line 207 of file Utility.h . Referenced by decodePunycode() , llvm::dlangDemangle() , and removeNullBytes() . ◆  insert() void OutputBuffer::insert ( size_t Pos , const char * S , size_t N  ) inline Definition at line 194 of file Utility.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , N , and notifyInsertion() . Referenced by decodePunycode() . ◆  isInParensInTemplateArgs() bool OutputBuffer::isInParensInTemplateArgs ( ) const inline Returns true if we're currently between a '(' and ')' when printing template args. Definition at line 118 of file Utility.h . References TemplateTracker . ◆  isInsideTemplateArgs() bool OutputBuffer::isInsideTemplateArgs ( ) const inline Returns true if we're printing template args. Definition at line 123 of file Utility.h . References TemplateTracker . Referenced by printClose() , and printOpen() . ◆  notifyDeletion() virtual void OutputBuffer::notifyDeletion ( size_t , size_t  ) inline virtual Called when we make the CurrentPosition of this object smaller. Definition at line 100 of file Utility.h . Referenced by setCurrentPosition() . ◆  notifyInsertion() virtual void OutputBuffer::notifyInsertion ( size_t , size_t  ) inline virtual Called when we write to this object anywhere other than the end. Definition at line 97 of file Utility.h . Referenced by insert() , and prepend() . ◆  operator std::string_view() OutputBuffer::operator std::string_view ( ) const inline Definition at line 86 of file Utility.h . ◆  operator+=() [1/2] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator+= ( char C ) inline Definition at line 145 of file Utility.h . References C() , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator+=() [2/2] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator+= ( std::string_view R ) inline Definition at line 136 of file Utility.h . References OutputBuffer() , and Size . ◆  operator<<() [1/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( char C ) inline Definition at line 168 of file Utility.h . References C() , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [2/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( int N ) inline Definition at line 186 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [3/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( long long N ) inline Definition at line 170 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [4/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( long N ) inline Definition at line 178 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [5/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( std::string_view R ) inline Definition at line 166 of file Utility.h . References OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [6/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( unsigned int N ) inline Definition at line 190 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [7/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( unsigned long long N ) inline Definition at line 174 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [8/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( unsigned long N ) inline Definition at line 182 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator=() OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator= ( const OutputBuffer & ) delete References OutputBuffer() . ◆  prepend() OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::prepend ( std::string_view R ) inline Definition at line 151 of file Utility.h . References notifyInsertion() , OutputBuffer() , and Size . ◆  printClose() void OutputBuffer::printClose ( char Close = ')' ) inline Definition at line 130 of file Utility.h . References isInsideTemplateArgs() , and TemplateTracker . ◆  printLeft() void OutputBuffer::printLeft ( const Node & N ) inline virtual Called by the demangler when printing the demangle tree. By default calls into Node::print {Left\|Right} but can be overriden by clients to track additional state when printing the demangled name. Definition at line 6202 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References N . ◆  printOpen() void OutputBuffer::printOpen ( char Open = '(' ) inline Definition at line 125 of file Utility.h . References isInsideTemplateArgs() , and TemplateTracker . ◆  printRight() void OutputBuffer::printRight ( const Node & N ) inline virtual Definition at line 6204 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References N . ◆  setCurrentPosition() void OutputBuffer::setCurrentPosition ( size_t NewPos ) inline Definition at line 208 of file Utility.h . References notifyDeletion() . Referenced by llvm::dlangDemangle() , and removeNullBytes() . Member Data Documentation ◆  CurrentPackIndex unsigned OutputBuffer::CurrentPackIndex = std::numeric_limits< unsigned >::max() If a ParameterPackExpansion (or similar type) is encountered, the offset into the pack that we're currently printing. Definition at line 104 of file Utility.h . ◆  CurrentPackMax unsigned OutputBuffer::CurrentPackMax = std::numeric_limits< unsigned >::max() Definition at line 105 of file Utility.h . ◆  InsideTemplate bool OutputBuffer::InsideTemplate = false True if we're currently printing a template argument. Definition at line 113 of file Utility.h . ◆  ParenDepth unsigned OutputBuffer::ParenDepth = 0 The depth of '(' and ')' inside the currently printed template arguments. Definition at line 110 of file Utility.h . ◆  [struct] struct { ... } OutputBuffer::TemplateTracker Referenced by isInParensInTemplateArgs() , isInsideTemplateArgs() , printClose() , and printOpen() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following files: include/llvm/Demangle/ Utility.h include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
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This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box A popular general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited to web development. Fast, flexible and pragmatic, PHP powers everything from your blog to the most popular websites in the world. What's new in 8.5 Download 8.5.1 · Changelog · Upgrading 8.4.16 · Changelog · Upgrading 8.3.29 · Changelog · Upgrading 8.2.30 · Changelog · Upgrading 18 Dec 2025 PHP 8.1.34 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.1.34. This is a security release. All PHP 8.1 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.1.34 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can also be found there . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 18 Dec 2025 PHP 8.4.16 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.4.16. This is a security release. All PHP 8.4 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.4.16 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can also be found there . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 18 Dec 2025 PHP 8.2.30 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.2.30. This is a security release. All PHP 8.2 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.2.30 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can also be found there . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 18 Dec 2025 PHP 8.3.29 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.3.29. This is a security release. All PHP 8.3 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.3.29 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can also be found there . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 18 Dec 2025 PHP 8.5.1 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.5.1. This is a security release. All PHP 8.5 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.5.1 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can also be found there . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 20 Nov 2025 PHP 8.5.0 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.5.0. This release marks the latest minor release of the PHP language. PHP 8.5 comes with numerous improvements and new features such as: New "URI" extension New pipe operator (\|>) Clone With New #[\NoDiscard] attribute Support for closures, casts, and first class callables in constant expressions And much much more... For source downloads of PHP 8.5.0 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can also be found there . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . The migration guide is available in the PHP Manual. Please consult it for the detailed list of new features and backward incompatible changes. Kudos to all the contributors and supporters! 20 Nov 2025 PHP 8.4.15 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.4.15. This is a bug fix release. All PHP 8.4 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.4.15 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can also be found there . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 20 Nov 2025 PHP 8.3.28 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.3.28. This is a bug fix release. All PHP 8.3 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.3.28 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can also be found there . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 13 Nov 2025 PHP 8.5.0 RC 5 available for testing The PHP team is pleased to announce the fifth release candidate of PHP 8.5.0, RC 5. This continues the PHP 8.5 release cycle, the rough outline of which is specified in the PHP Wiki . For source downloads of PHP 8.5.0 RC5, please visit the download page . Please carefully test this version and report any issues found on GitHub . Please DO NOT use this version in production, it is a test version. For more information on the new features and other changes, you can read the NEWS file, or the UPGRADING file for a complete list of upgrading notes. These files can also be found in the release archive. The next release will be the GA release of PHP 8.5.0, planned for 20 Nov 2025. The signatures for the release can be found in the manifest or on the Release Candidates page . Thank you for helping us make PHP better. 06 Nov 2025 PHP 8.5.0 RC4 available for testing The PHP team is pleased to announce the final planned release candidate of PHP 8.5.0, RC 4. This continues the PHP 8.5 release cycle, the rough outline of which is specified in the PHP Wiki . For source downloads of PHP 8.5.0 RC4, please visit the download page . Please carefully test this version and report any issues found on GitHub . Please DO NOT use this version in production, it is a test version. For more information on the new features and other changes, you can read the NEWS file, or the UPGRADING file for a complete list of upgrading notes. These files can also be found in the release archive. The next release will be the GA release of PHP 8.5.0, planned for 20 Nov 2025. The signatures for the release can be found in the manifest or on the Release Candidates page . Thank you for helping us make PHP better. 23 Oct 2025 PHP 8.3.27 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.3.27. This is a bug fix release. All PHP 8.3 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.3.27 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can be found on windows.php.net/download/ . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 23 Oct 2025 PHP 8.4.14 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.4.14. This is a bug fix release. All PHP 8.4 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.4.14 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can be found on windows.php.net/download/ . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 23 Oct 2025 PHP 8.5.0 RC 3 available for testing The PHP team is pleased to announce the third release candidate of PHP 8.5.0, RC 3. This continues the PHP 8.5 release cycle, the rough outline of which is specified in the PHP Wiki . For source downloads of PHP 8.5.0 RC3, please visit the download page . Please carefully test this version and report any issues found on GitHub . Please DO NOT use this version in production, it is an early test version. For more information on the new features and other changes, you can read the NEWS file, or the UPGRADING file for a complete list of upgrading notes. These files can also be found in the release archive. The next release will be RC4, planned for 6 Nov 2025. The signatures for the release can be found in the manifest or on the Release Candidates page . Thank you for helping us make PHP better. 09 Oct 2025 PHP 8.5.0 RC 2 available for testing The PHP team is pleased to announce the second release candidate of PHP 8.5.0, RC 2. This continues the PHP 8.5 release cycle, the rough outline of which is specified in the PHP Wiki . For source downloads of PHP 8.5.0 RC2, please visit the download page . Please carefully test this version and report any issues found on GitHub . Please DO NOT use this version in production, it is an early test version. For more information on the new features and other changes, you can read the NEWS file, or the UPGRADING file for a complete list of upgrading notes. These files can also be found in the release archive. The next release will be RC3, planned for 23 Oct 2025. The signatures for the release can be found in the manifest or on the Release Candidates page . Thank you for helping us make PHP better. 25 Sep 2025 PHP 8.5.0 RC 1 available for testing The PHP team is pleased to announce the first release candidate of PHP 8.5.0, RC 1. This continues the PHP 8.5 release cycle, the rough outline of which is specified in the PHP Wiki . For source downloads of PHP 8.5.0 RC1, please visit the download page . Please carefully test this version and report any issues found on GitHub . Please DO NOT use this version in production, it is an early test version. For more information on the new features and other changes, you can read the NEWS file, or the UPGRADING file for a complete list of upgrading notes. These files can also be found in the release archive. The next release will be RC2, planned for 9 Oct 2025. The signatures for the release can be found in the manifest or on the Release Candidates page . Thank you for helping us make PHP better. 25 Sep 2025 PHP 8.3.26 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.3.26. This is a bug fix release. All PHP 8.3 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.3.26 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can be found on windows.php.net/download/ . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 25 Sep 2025 PHP 8.4.13 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.4.13. This is a bug fix release. All PHP 8.4 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.4.13 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can be found on windows.php.net/download/ . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 11 Sep 2025 PHP 8.5.0 Beta 3 available for testing The PHP team is pleased to announce the third beta release of PHP 8.5.0, Beta 3. This continues the PHP 8.5 release cycle, the rough outline of which is specified in the PHP Wiki . For source downloads of PHP 8.5.0 Beta 3, please visit the download page . Please carefully test this version and report any issues found on GitHub . Please DO NOT use this version in production, it is an early test version. For more information on the new features and other changes, you can read the NEWS file, or the UPGRADING file for a complete list of upgrading notes. These files can also be found in the release archive. The next release will be RC1, planned for 25 Sep 2025. The signatures for the release can be found in the manifest or on the Release Candidates page . Thank you for helping us make PHP better. 28 Aug 2025 PHP 8.5.0 Beta 2 available for testing The PHP team is pleased to announce the second beta release of PHP 8.5.0, Beta 2. This continues the PHP 8.5 release cycle, the rough outline of which is specified in the PHP Wiki . For source downloads of PHP 8.5.0 Beta 2 please visit the download page . Please carefully test this version and report any issues found on GitHub . Please DO NOT use this version in production, it is an early test version. For more information on the new features and other changes, you can read the NEWS file, or the UPGRADING file for a complete list of upgrading notes. These files can also be found in the release archive. The next release will be Beta 3, planned for 11 Sep 2025. The signatures for the release can be found in the manifest or on the Release Candidates page . Thank you for helping us make PHP better. 28 Aug 2025 PHP 8.3.25 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.3.25. This is a bug fix release. All PHP 8.3 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.3.25 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can be found on windows.php.net/download/ . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 28 Aug 2025 PHP 8.4.12 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.4.12. This is a bug fix release. All PHP 8.4 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.4.12 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can be found on windows.php.net/download/ . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 14 Aug 2025 PHP 8.5.0 Beta 1 available for testing The PHP team is pleased to announce the first beta release of PHP 8.5.0, Beta 1. This continues the PHP 8.5 release cycle, the rough outline of which is specified in the PHP Wiki . For source downloads of PHP 8.5.0 Beta 1 please visit the download page . Please carefully test this version and report any issues found on GitHub . Please DO NOT use this version in production, it is an early test version. For more information on the new features and other changes, you can read the NEWS file, or the UPGRADING file for a complete list of upgrading notes. These files can also be found in the release archive. The next release will be Beta 2, planned for 28 Aug 2025. The signatures for the release can be found in the manifest or on the Release Candidates page . Thank you for helping us make PHP better. 01 Aug 2025 PHP 8.5.0 Alpha 4 available for testing The PHP team is pleased to announce the third testing release of PHP 8.5.0, Alpha 4. This continues the PHP 8.5 release cycle, the rough outline of which is specified in the PHP Wiki . For source downloads of PHP 8.5.0 Alpha 4 please visit the download page . Please carefully test this version and report any issues found on GitHub . Please DO NOT use this version in production, it is an early test version. For more information on the new features and other changes, you can read the NEWS file, or the UPGRADING file for a complete list of upgrading notes. These files can also be found in the release archive. The next release will be Beta 1, planned for 14 Aug 2025. The signatures for the release can be found in the manifest or on the Release Candidates page . Thank you for helping us make PHP better. 31 Jul 2025 PHP 8.4.11 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.4.11. This is a bug fix release. All PHP 8.4 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.4.11 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can be found on windows.php.net/download/ . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . 31 Jul 2025 PHP 8.3.24 Released! The PHP development team announces the immediate availability of PHP 8.3.24. This is a bug fix release. All PHP 8.3 users are encouraged to upgrade to this version. For source downloads of PHP 8.3.24 please visit our downloads page , Windows source and binaries can be found on windows.php.net/download/ . The list of changes is recorded in the ChangeLog . Older News Entries The PHP Foundation The PHP Foundation is a collective of people and organizations, united in the mission to ensure the long-term prosperity of the PHP language. 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https://llvm.org/doxygen/classOutputBuffer.html#a4929740589c1d6555f06176074718906	LLVM: OutputBuffer Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Member Functions \| Public Attributes \| List of all members OutputBuffer Class Reference #include " llvm/Demangle/Utility.h " Public Member Functions   OutputBuffer ( char StartBuf, size_t Size )   OutputBuffer ( char StartBuf, size_t SizePtr)   OutputBuffer ()=default   OutputBuffer ( const OutputBuffer &)=delete OutputBuffer &  operator= ( const OutputBuffer &)=delete virtual  ~OutputBuffer ()=default   operator std::string_view () const virtual void  printLeft ( const Node & N )   Called by the demangler when printing the demangle tree. virtual void  printRight ( const Node & N ) virtual void  notifyInsertion (size_t, size_t)   Called when we write to this object anywhere other than the end. virtual void  notifyDeletion (size_t, size_t)   Called when we make the CurrentPosition of this object smaller. bool   isInParensInTemplateArgs () const   Returns true if we're currently between a '(' and ')' when printing template args. bool   isInsideTemplateArgs () const   Returns true if we're printing template args. void  printOpen ( char Open='(') void  printClose ( char Close=')') OutputBuffer &  operator+= (std::string_view R) OutputBuffer &  operator+= ( char C ) OutputBuffer &  prepend (std::string_view R) OutputBuffer &  operator<< (std::string_view R) OutputBuffer &  operator<< ( char C ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< (long long N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< ( unsigned long long N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< (long N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< ( unsigned long N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< (int N ) OutputBuffer &  operator<< ( unsigned int N ) void  insert (size_t Pos, const char S, size_t N ) size_t  getCurrentPosition () const void  setCurrentPosition (size_t NewPos) char   back () const bool   empty () const char *  getBuffer () char *  getBufferEnd () size_t  getBufferCapacity () const Public Attributes unsigned   CurrentPackIndex = std::numeric_limits< unsigned >::max()   If a ParameterPackExpansion (or similar type) is encountered, the offset into the pack that we're currently printing. unsigned   CurrentPackMax = std::numeric_limits< unsigned >::max() struct {      unsigned     ParenDepth = 0    The depth of '(' and ')' inside the currently printed template arguments. More...     bool     InsideTemplate = false    True if we're currently printing a template argument. More... }  TemplateTracker Detailed Description Definition at line 34 of file Utility.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  OutputBuffer() [1/4] OutputBuffer::OutputBuffer ( char * StartBuf , size_t Size  ) inline Definition at line 75 of file Utility.h . References Size . Referenced by operator+=() , operator+=() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator<<() , operator=() , OutputBuffer() , OutputBuffer() , and prepend() . ◆  OutputBuffer() [2/4] OutputBuffer::OutputBuffer ( char * StartBuf , size_t * SizePtr  ) inline Definition at line 77 of file Utility.h . References OutputBuffer() . ◆  OutputBuffer() [3/4] OutputBuffer::OutputBuffer ( ) default ◆  OutputBuffer() [4/4] OutputBuffer::OutputBuffer ( const OutputBuffer & ) delete References OutputBuffer() . ◆  ~OutputBuffer() virtual OutputBuffer::~OutputBuffer ( ) virtual default Member Function Documentation ◆  back() char OutputBuffer::back ( ) const inline Definition at line 213 of file Utility.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT . ◆  empty() bool OutputBuffer::empty ( ) const inline Definition at line 218 of file Utility.h . ◆  getBuffer() char * OutputBuffer::getBuffer ( ) inline Definition at line 220 of file Utility.h . Referenced by llvm::dlangDemangle() , removeNullBytes() , and llvm::ThinLTOCodeGenerator::writeGeneratedObject() . ◆  getBufferCapacity() size_t OutputBuffer::getBufferCapacity ( ) const inline Definition at line 222 of file Utility.h . ◆  getBufferEnd() char * OutputBuffer::getBufferEnd ( ) inline Definition at line 221 of file Utility.h . ◆  getCurrentPosition() size_t OutputBuffer::getCurrentPosition ( ) const inline Definition at line 207 of file Utility.h . Referenced by decodePunycode() , llvm::dlangDemangle() , and removeNullBytes() . ◆  insert() void OutputBuffer::insert ( size_t Pos , const char * S , size_t N  ) inline Definition at line 194 of file Utility.h . References DEMANGLE_ASSERT , N , and notifyInsertion() . Referenced by decodePunycode() . ◆  isInParensInTemplateArgs() bool OutputBuffer::isInParensInTemplateArgs ( ) const inline Returns true if we're currently between a '(' and ')' when printing template args. Definition at line 118 of file Utility.h . References TemplateTracker . ◆  isInsideTemplateArgs() bool OutputBuffer::isInsideTemplateArgs ( ) const inline Returns true if we're printing template args. Definition at line 123 of file Utility.h . References TemplateTracker . Referenced by printClose() , and printOpen() . ◆  notifyDeletion() virtual void OutputBuffer::notifyDeletion ( size_t , size_t  ) inline virtual Called when we make the CurrentPosition of this object smaller. Definition at line 100 of file Utility.h . Referenced by setCurrentPosition() . ◆  notifyInsertion() virtual void OutputBuffer::notifyInsertion ( size_t , size_t  ) inline virtual Called when we write to this object anywhere other than the end. Definition at line 97 of file Utility.h . Referenced by insert() , and prepend() . ◆  operator std::string_view() OutputBuffer::operator std::string_view ( ) const inline Definition at line 86 of file Utility.h . ◆  operator+=() [1/2] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator+= ( char C ) inline Definition at line 145 of file Utility.h . References C() , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator+=() [2/2] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator+= ( std::string_view R ) inline Definition at line 136 of file Utility.h . References OutputBuffer() , and Size . ◆  operator<<() [1/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( char C ) inline Definition at line 168 of file Utility.h . References C() , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [2/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( int N ) inline Definition at line 186 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [3/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( long long N ) inline Definition at line 170 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [4/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( long N ) inline Definition at line 178 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [5/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( std::string_view R ) inline Definition at line 166 of file Utility.h . References OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [6/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( unsigned int N ) inline Definition at line 190 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [7/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( unsigned long long N ) inline Definition at line 174 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator<<() [8/8] OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator<< ( unsigned long N ) inline Definition at line 182 of file Utility.h . References N , and OutputBuffer() . ◆  operator=() OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::operator= ( const OutputBuffer & ) delete References OutputBuffer() . ◆  prepend() OutputBuffer & OutputBuffer::prepend ( std::string_view R ) inline Definition at line 151 of file Utility.h . References notifyInsertion() , OutputBuffer() , and Size . ◆  printClose() void OutputBuffer::printClose ( char Close = ')' ) inline Definition at line 130 of file Utility.h . References isInsideTemplateArgs() , and TemplateTracker . ◆  printLeft() void OutputBuffer::printLeft ( const Node & N ) inline virtual Called by the demangler when printing the demangle tree. By default calls into Node::print {Left\|Right} but can be overriden by clients to track additional state when printing the demangled name. Definition at line 6202 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References N . ◆  printOpen() void OutputBuffer::printOpen ( char Open = '(' ) inline Definition at line 125 of file Utility.h . References isInsideTemplateArgs() , and TemplateTracker . ◆  printRight() void OutputBuffer::printRight ( const Node & N ) inline virtual Definition at line 6204 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References N . ◆  setCurrentPosition() void OutputBuffer::setCurrentPosition ( size_t NewPos ) inline Definition at line 208 of file Utility.h . References notifyDeletion() . Referenced by llvm::dlangDemangle() , and removeNullBytes() . Member Data Documentation ◆  CurrentPackIndex unsigned OutputBuffer::CurrentPackIndex = std::numeric_limits< unsigned >::max() If a ParameterPackExpansion (or similar type) is encountered, the offset into the pack that we're currently printing. Definition at line 104 of file Utility.h . ◆  CurrentPackMax unsigned OutputBuffer::CurrentPackMax = std::numeric_limits< unsigned >::max() Definition at line 105 of file Utility.h . ◆  InsideTemplate bool OutputBuffer::InsideTemplate = false True if we're currently printing a template argument. Definition at line 113 of file Utility.h . ◆  ParenDepth unsigned OutputBuffer::ParenDepth = 0 The depth of '(' and ')' inside the currently printed template arguments. Definition at line 110 of file Utility.h . ◆  [struct] struct { ... } OutputBuffer::TemplateTracker Referenced by isInParensInTemplateArgs() , isInsideTemplateArgs() , printClose() , and printOpen() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following files: include/llvm/Demangle/ Utility.h include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.timeforkids.com/k1/topics/inventions/	TIME for Kids \| Inventions \| Topic \| K-1 Skip to main content Search Articles by Grade level Grades K-1 Articles Grade 2 Articles Grades 3-4 Articles Grades 5-6 Articles Topics Animals Arts Ask Angela Books Business Careers Community Culture Debate Earth Science Education Election 2024 Engineering Environment Food and Nutrition Games Government History Holidays Inventions Movies and Television Music and Theater Nature News People Places Podcasts Science Service Stars Space Sports The Human Body The View Transportation Weather World Young Game Changers Your $ Financial Literacy Content Grade 4 Edition Grade 5-6 Edition For Grown-ups Resource Spotlight Also from TIME for Kids: Log In role: none user_age: none editions: The page you are about to enter is for grown-ups. Enter your birth date to continue. Month (MM) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 Year (YYYY) 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Submit Inventions Technology Best Inventions of 2022 February 3, 2023 Every year, TIME magazine makes a list of the best inventions. TIME picked 200 inventions in 2022. Read about seven of them here. They change how we work. They change how we play. Bear Hugs Hugimals are stuffed animals. They… Audio Spanish Science Best Inventions of 2021 March 10, 2022 TIME for Kids has picked the top inventions of the year. Some will help us work and learn. Others are just for fun. Read about the best inventions of 2021. Which do you like best? Keeping Kids Calm This fuzzy… Audio Spanish Technology Computers Do it All September 10, 2021 Smartphones are computers. Tablets and laptops are too. We use them to talk, work, and play. Let’s look at all that computers can do. Taking Notes Some computer programs are for writing. You can take notes about something you are… Audio Spanish Technology Robots At Work September 20, 2019 Robots are machines. Today, there are more robots than ever before. Some robots do work that people usually do. Read on to meet a few robot workers. Robot Chef This machine makes burgers. It grinds meat. It cuts vegetables. It… Audio Video Spanish Technology Ready for Class September 20, 2019 AV1 is a classroom robot. It works with students who are sick. AV1 takes a student’s place in class. The student can control the robot with a smartphone. The robot has a camera. It lets the student see what is… Arts A Mushroom Dress March 8, 2019 This is not an ordinary dress. It’s a mushroom dress! It was made by a designer. Her name is Aniela Hoitink. Hoitink made this dress using mycelium. That is the part of a mushroom that grows underground. Hoitink did… Spanish Technology Best Inventions of 2018 February 15, 2019 Inventions have the power to help people. An invention can change how we live, work, and play. Each year, TIME magazine picks the year’s best inventions. Here, TFK tells you about five of them. A Safer Ride Biking in… Audio Spanish History Historic Inventions February 15, 2019 A patent is a legal document. It stops people from copying an inventor’s idea. The U.S. began giving out patents in 1790. Here are some inventions that have received patents. Cotton Gin Eli Whitney got a patent for the cotton… Technology New Inventions February 12, 2018 Inventors create new things. They come up with ways to make our lives better. Here are five new inventions. Which is your favorite? A Friendly Robot Jibo is not your average robot. He looks more like a human than other… Spanish Contact us Privacy policy California privacy Terms of Service Subscribe CLASSROOM INTERNATIONAL © 2026 TIME USA, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Powered by WordPress.com VIP	2026-01-13T09:30:38
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https://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-committers/2018-September/006125.html	[python-committers] bpo triage privileges for Karthikeyan Singaravelan [python-committers] bpo triage privileges for Karthikeyan Singaravelan Zachary Ware zachary.ware+pydev at gmail.com Sun Sep 23 15:41:02 EDT 2018 Previous message (by thread): [python-committers] Fwd: [Python-ideas] JS’ governance model is worth inspecting Next message (by thread): [python-committers] bpo triage privileges for Karthikeyan Singaravelan Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] On the recommendation of Ammar Askar and with Serhiy's endorsement on Zulip [0], I've given Karthikeyan Singaravelan (CC'd) triage privileges on bugs.python.org. Karthikeyan, please use your new-found powers for good, and don't hesitate to ask for guidance if you need it. Keep up the good work, and thank you! [0] https://python.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/116501-workflow/subject/bug.20tracker.20triage.20permissions -- Zach Previous message (by thread): [python-committers] Fwd: [Python-ideas] JS’ governance model is worth inspecting Next message (by thread): [python-committers] bpo triage privileges for Karthikeyan Singaravelan Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] More information about the python-committers mailing list	2026-01-13T09:30:38
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https://www.timeforkids.com/k1/topics/space/	TIME for Kids \| Space \| Topic \| K-1 Skip to main content Search Articles by Grade level Grades K-1 Articles Grade 2 Articles Grades 3-4 Articles Grades 5-6 Articles Topics Animals Arts Ask Angela Books Business Careers Community Culture Debate Earth Science Education Election 2024 Engineering Environment Food and Nutrition Games Government History Holidays Inventions Movies and Television Music and Theater Nature News People Places Podcasts Science Service Stars Space Sports The Human Body The View Transportation Weather World Young Game Changers Your $ Financial Literacy Content Grade 4 Edition Grade 5-6 Edition For Grown-ups Resource Spotlight Also from TIME for Kids: Log In role: none user_age: none editions: The page you are about to enter is for grown-ups. Enter your birth date to continue. Month (MM) 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 Year (YYYY) 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Submit Space Science All About Stars May 1, 2025 Look up at the night sky. Do you see a light? It might be a star. Stars are balls of hot gas. They are very far away. But many shine brightly enough for us to see. Star Light, Star Bright… Audio Spanish Science Seeing in Space May 1, 2025 In December 2021, a new telescope was launched into space. It was the James Webb Space Telescope. It took a long time to build. It cost a lot of money. The Webb telescope is one of a kind. It is… Audio Science Space Explorers April 25, 2025 Astronauts are trained for space travel. This means a lot of work. After training, some astronauts go to space. Here are some of the things they might do on a mission. Spacewalks Sometimes, astronauts go outside. They suit up. This… Audio Spanish Science Earth’s Moon April 18, 2025 The moon is the closest natural object to Earth. Look up! You can see it in the night sky. Sometimes, you can see it during the day. Learn more. The moon is a large rock. It gets hit by smaller… Audio Spanish Science Moon Missions April 18, 2025 In 1969, people landed on the moon for the first time. The mission was part of the Apollo program. It was run by NASA. That is the United States space agency. There were many Apollo missions. Here are five of… Audio Science The Solar System April 11, 2025 There are eight planets in our solar system. Each one travels on a path around the sun. Those path are called orbits. Learn about each planet. Mercury Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system. It is the closest… Audio Spanish Science The Sun and Seasons April 11, 2025 Earth has four seasons. They are spring, summer, fall, and winter. The Earth moves around the sun. One trip takes a year. Earth is tilted as it moves. This is what causes the seasons. The equator is an imaginary line… Audio Science A Space Lab April 25, 2024 A laboratory is a place for experiments and research. The International Space Station (ISS) is a space laboratory. Astronauts live and work there. They come from many countries. Round and Round The ISS orbits the Earth. It is about 250… Audio Science Suited for Space November 30, 2023 It can be very cold or very hot in space. There is no air to breathe. An astronaut has to wear a space suit. Read about its different parts. 1. This is a backpack. It provides air to breathe. It… Audio Spanish Science To the Moon! November 30, 2023 NASA has a new space suit. It was made for astronauts going to the moon. NASA plans to get them there by 2025. The mission is called Artemis III. It will put a woman on the moon for the first… Audio Posts pagination 1 2 3 Next Contact us Privacy policy California privacy Terms of Service Subscribe CLASSROOM INTERNATIONAL © 2026 TIME USA, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Powered by WordPress.com VIP	2026-01-13T09:30:38
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https://www.php.net/manual/fr/function.crc32.php	PHP: crc32 - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box crypt » « count_chars Manuel PHP Référence des fonctions Traitement du texte Chaîne de caractères Fonctions sur les chaînes de caractères Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other crc32 (PHP 4 >= 4.0.1, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) crc32 — Calcule la somme de contrôle CRC32 Description crc32 ( string $string ): int Génère la somme de contrôle cyclique CRC32, calculée sur 32 bits, et appliquée à la chaîne string . Cette fonction est généralement utilisée pour valider l'intégrité de données durant une transmission. Avertissement En raison du fait que le type entier de PHP est signé, la plupart des sommes de contrôle crc32 se trouve être des entiers négatifs sur les plateformes 32bits. Sur des installations 64bits, tous les résultats de la fonction crc32() seront des entiers positifs. Aussi, vous devez utiliser le formatteur "%u" de la fonction sprintf() ou de la fonction printf() pour récupérer une représentation en chaîne de caractères de la somme de contrôle non-signée de la fonction crc32() au format décimal. Pour une représentation hexadécimale de la somme de contrôle, vous pouvez utiliser soit le formatteur "%x" de la fonction sprintf() ou de la fonction printf() , ou bien les fonctions de conversion dechex() , les deux solutions prennent soin de convertir le résultat de la fonction crc32() en un entier non-signé. Sur les installations 64bits, la fonction retournera aussi des entiers négatifs pour des valeurs retournées très grandes, mais cela va casser la conversion en hexadécimal en ayant une position 0xFFFFFFFF######## supplémentaire. Sachant que la représentation décimale semble être le cas le plus largement utilisé, nous avons décidé de ne pas la casser même si elle casse directement la comparaison décimale dans 50% des cas lors d'un passage de 32 à 64bits. Avec du recul, le fait que la fonction retourne un entier n'était peut-être pas la meilleure idée, et retourner dès le début une représentation hexadécimale sous la forme d'une chaîne de caractères (tel que le fait la fonction md5() ), aurait été meilleure solution. Pour une solution plus pérenne, vous pouvez vous retourner vers la fonction générique hash() . hash("crc32b", $str) va retourner la même chaîne de caractères que str_pad(dechex(crc32($str)), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT) . Liste de paramètres string Les données. Valeurs de retour Retourne la somme de contrôle crc32 de la chaîne string , sous la forme d'un entier. Exemples Exemple #1 Afficher une somme de contrôle CRC32 Cet exemple illustre comment afficher la somme de contrôle avec la fonction printf() : <?php $checksum = crc32 ( "Le vif zéphyr jubile sur les kumquats du clown gracieux." ); printf ( "%u\n" , $checksum ); ?> Voir aussi hash() - Génère une valeur de hachage (empreinte numérique) md5() - Calcule le md5 d'une chaîne sha1() - Calcule le sha1 d'une chaîne de caractères Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes 22 notes up down 24 jian at theorchard dot com ¶ 15 years ago This function returns an unsigned integer from a 64-bit Linux platform. It does return the signed integer from other 32-bit platforms even a 64-bit Windows one. The reason is because the two constants PHP_INT_SIZE and PHP_INT_MAX have different values on the 64-bit Linux platform. I've created a work-around function to handle this situation. <?php function get_signed_int ( $in ) { $int_max = pow ( 2 , 31 )- 1 ; if ( $in > $int_max ){ $out = $in - $int_max * 2 - 2 ; } else { $out = $in ; } return $out ; } ?> Hope this helps. up down 12 i at morfi dot ru ¶ 12 years ago Implementation crc64() in php 64bit <?php /** * @return array / function crc64Table () { $crc64tab = []; // ECMA polynomial $poly64rev = ( 0xC96C5795 << 32 ) \| 0xD7870F42 ; // ISO polynomial // $poly64rev = (0xD8 << 56); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { for ( $part = $i , $bit = 0 ; $bit < 8 ; $bit ++) { if ( $part & 1 ) { $part = (( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 )) ^ $poly64rev ; } else { $part = ( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 ); } } $crc64tab [ $i ] = $part ; } return $crc64tab ; } /* * @param string $string * @param string $format * @return mixed * * Formats: * crc64('php'); // afe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%x'); // 0xafe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%X'); // 0xAFE4E823E7CEF190 * crc64('php', '%d'); // -5772233581471534704 signed int * crc64('php', '%u'); // 12674510492238016912 unsigned int / function crc64 ( $string , $format = '%x' ) { static $crc64tab ; if ( $crc64tab === null ) { $crc64tab = crc64Table (); } $crc = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $string ); $i ++) { $crc = $crc64tab [( $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $i ])) & 0xff ] ^ (( $crc >> 8 ) & ~( 0xff << 56 )); } return sprintf ( $format , $crc ); } up down 10 JS at JavsSys dot Org ¶ 12 years ago The khash() function by sukitsupaluk has two problems, it does not use all 62 characters from the $map set and when corrected it then produces different results on 64-bit compared to 32-bit PHP systems. Here is my modified version : <?php /* * Small sample convert crc32 to character map * Based upon http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.crc32.php#105703 * (Modified to now use all characters from $map) * (Modified to be 32-bit PHP safe) / function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = bcadd ( sprintf ( '%u' , crc32 ( $data )) , 0x100000000 ); $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ bcmod ( $hash , 62 ) ] . $str ; $hash = bcdiv ( $hash , 62 ); } while ( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $test = array( null , true , false , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" , "248840027" , "1365848013" , // time() "9223372035488927794" , // PHP_INT_MAX-time() "901131979" , // mt_rand() "Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" // gmdate('r') ); $out = array(); foreach ( $test as $s ) { $out [] = khash ( $s ) . ": " . $s ; } print "<h3>khash() -- maps a crc32 result into a (62-character) result</h3>" ; print '<pre>' ; var_dump ( $out ); print "\n\n\$GLOBALS['raw_crc32']:\n" ; var_dump ( $GLOBALS [ 'raw_crc32' ]); print '</pre><hr>' ; flush (); $pefile = __FILE__ ; print "<h3> $pefile </h3>" ; ob_end_flush (); flush (); highlight_file ( $pefile ); print "<hr>" ; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- / CURRENT output array(19) { [0]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [1]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [2]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [3]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [4]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [5]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [6]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [7]=> string(9) "5b8iNn: 2" [8]=> string(9) "6HmfFN: 3" [9]=> string(10) "7ADPD7: ab" [10]=> string(11) "5F0aUq: abc" [11]=> string(12) "92kWw9: abcd" [12]=> string(13) "78hcpf: abcde" [13]=> string(16) "9eBVPB: abcdefoo" [14]=> string(17) "5TjOuZ: 248840027" [15]=> string(18) "5eNliI: 1365848013" [16]=> string(27) "4Q00e5: 9223372035488927794" [17]=> string(17) "6DUX8V: 901131979" [18]=> string(39) "5i2aOW: Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" } / //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?> up down 10 Bulk at bulksplace dot com ¶ 20 years ago A faster way I've found to return CRC values of larger files, is instead of using the file()/implode() method used below, is to us file_get_contents() (PHP 4 >= 4.3.0) which uses memory mapping techniques if supported by your OS to enhance performance. Here's my example function: <?php // $file is the path to the file you want to check. function file_crc ( $file ) { $file_string = file_get_contents ( $file ); $crc = crc32 ( $file_string ); return sprintf ( "%u" , $crc ); } $file_to_crc = / home / path / to / file . jpg ; echo file_crc ( $file_to_crc ); // Outputs CRC value for given file. ?> I've found in testing this method is MUCH faster for larger binary files. up down 8 slimshady451 ¶ 18 years ago I see a lot of function for crc32_file, but for php version >= 5.1.2 don't forget you can use this : <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { return hash_file ( 'CRC32' , $filename , FALSE ); } ?> Using crc32(file_get_contents($filename)) will use too many memory on big file so don't use it. up down 6 same ¶ 21 years ago bit by bit crc32 computation <?php function bitbybit_crc32 ( $str , $first_call = false ){ //reflection in 32 bits of crc32 polynomial 0x04C11DB7 $poly_reflected = 0xEDB88320 ; //=0xFFFFFFFF; //keep track of register value after each call static $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; //initialize register on first call if( $first_call ) $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; $n = strlen ( $str ); $zeros = $n < 4 ? $n : 4 ; //xor first $zeros=min(4,strlen($str)) bytes into the register for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros ; $i ++) $reg ^= ord ( $str { $i })<< $i 8 ; //now for the rest of the string for( $i = 4 ; $i < $n ; $i ++){ $next_char = ord ( $str { $i }); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) $reg =(( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )\|( $next_char >> $j & 1 )<< 0x1F ) ^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; } //put in enough zeros at the end for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros * 8 ; $i ++) $reg =( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; //xor the register with 0xFFFFFFFF return ~ $reg ; } $str = "123456789" ; //whatever $blocksize = 4 ; //whatever for( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $str ); $i += $blocksize ) $crc = bitbybit_crc32 ( substr ( $str , $i , $blocksize ),! $i ); ?> up down 5 dave at jufer dot info ¶ 18 years ago This function returns the same int value on a 64 bit mc. like the crc32() function on a 32 bit mc. <?php function crcKw ( $num ){ $crc = crc32 ( $num ); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> up down 3 Clifford dot ct at gmail dot com ¶ 13 years ago The crc32() function can return a signed integer in certain environments. Assuming that it will always return an unsigned integer is not portable. Depending on your desired behavior, you should probably use sprintf() on the result or the generic hash() instead. Also note that integer arithmetic operators do not have the precision to work correctly with the integer output. up down 3 alban dot lopez+php [ at ] gmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago I made this code to verify Transmition with Vantage Pro2 ( weather station ) based on CRC16-CCITT standard. <?php // CRC16-CCITT validator $crc_table = array( 0x0 , 0x1021 , 0x2042 , 0x3063 , 0x4084 , 0x50a5 , 0x60c6 , 0x70e7 , 0x8108 , 0x9129 , 0xa14a , 0xb16b , 0xc18c , 0xd1ad , 0xe1ce , 0xf1ef , 0x1231 , 0x210 , 0x3273 , 0x2252 , 0x52b5 , 0x4294 , 0x72f7 , 0x62d6 , 0x9339 , 0x8318 , 0xb37b , 0xa35a , 0xd3bd , 0xc39c , 0xf3ff , 0xe3de , 0x2462 , 0x3443 , 0x420 , 0x1401 , 0x64e6 , 0x74c7 , 0x44a4 , 0x5485 , 0xa56a , 0xb54b , 0x8528 , 0x9509 , 0xe5ee , 0xf5cf , 0xc5ac , 0xd58d , 0x3653 , 0x2672 , 0x1611 , 0x630 , 0x76d7 , 0x66f6 , 0x5695 , 0x46b4 , 0xb75b , 0xa77a , 0x9719 , 0x8738 , 0xf7df , 0xe7fe , 0xd79d , 0xc7bc , 0x48c4 , 0x58e5 , 0x6886 , 0x78a7 , 0x840 , 0x1861 , 0x2802 , 0x3823 , 0xc9cc , 0xd9ed , 0xe98e , 0xf9af , 0x8948 , 0x9969 , 0xa90a , 0xb92b , 0x5af5 , 0x4ad4 , 0x7ab7 , 0x6a96 , 0x1a71 , 0xa50 , 0x3a33 , 0x2a12 , 0xdbfd , 0xcbdc , 0xfbbf , 0xeb9e , 0x9b79 , 0x8b58 , 0xbb3b , 0xab1a , 0x6ca6 , 0x7c87 , 0x4ce4 , 0x5cc5 , 0x2c22 , 0x3c03 , 0xc60 , 0x1c41 , 0xedae , 0xfd8f , 0xcdec , 0xddcd , 0xad2a , 0xbd0b , 0x8d68 , 0x9d49 , 0x7e97 , 0x6eb6 , 0x5ed5 , 0x4ef4 , 0x3e13 , 0x2e32 , 0x1e51 , 0xe70 , 0xff9f , 0xefbe , 0xdfdd , 0xcffc , 0xbf1b , 0xaf3a , 0x9f59 , 0x8f78 , 0x9188 , 0x81a9 , 0xb1ca , 0xa1eb , 0xd10c , 0xc12d , 0xf14e , 0xe16f , 0x1080 , 0xa1 , 0x30c2 , 0x20e3 , 0x5004 , 0x4025 , 0x7046 , 0x6067 , 0x83b9 , 0x9398 , 0xa3fb , 0xb3da , 0xc33d , 0xd31c , 0xe37f , 0xf35e , 0x2b1 , 0x1290 , 0x22f3 , 0x32d2 , 0x4235 , 0x5214 , 0x6277 , 0x7256 , 0xb5ea , 0xa5cb , 0x95a8 , 0x8589 , 0xf56e , 0xe54f , 0xd52c , 0xc50d , 0x34e2 , 0x24c3 , 0x14a0 , 0x481 , 0x7466 , 0x6447 , 0x5424 , 0x4405 , 0xa7db , 0xb7fa , 0x8799 , 0x97b8 , 0xe75f , 0xf77e , 0xc71d , 0xd73c , 0x26d3 , 0x36f2 , 0x691 , 0x16b0 , 0x6657 , 0x7676 , 0x4615 , 0x5634 , 0xd94c , 0xc96d , 0xf90e , 0xe92f , 0x99c8 , 0x89e9 , 0xb98a , 0xa9ab , 0x5844 , 0x4865 , 0x7806 , 0x6827 , 0x18c0 , 0x8e1 , 0x3882 , 0x28a3 , 0xcb7d , 0xdb5c , 0xeb3f , 0xfb1e , 0x8bf9 , 0x9bd8 , 0xabbb , 0xbb9a , 0x4a75 , 0x5a54 , 0x6a37 , 0x7a16 , 0xaf1 , 0x1ad0 , 0x2ab3 , 0x3a92 , 0xfd2e , 0xed0f , 0xdd6c , 0xcd4d , 0xbdaa , 0xad8b , 0x9de8 , 0x8dc9 , 0x7c26 , 0x6c07 , 0x5c64 , 0x4c45 , 0x3ca2 , 0x2c83 , 0x1ce0 , 0xcc1 , 0xef1f , 0xff3e , 0xcf5d , 0xdf7c , 0xaf9b , 0xbfba , 0x8fd9 , 0x9ff8 , 0x6e17 , 0x7e36 , 0x4e55 , 0x5e74 , 0x2e93 , 0x3eb2 , 0xed1 , 0x1ef0 ); $test = chr ( 0xC6 ). chr ( 0xCE ). chr ( 0xA2 ). chr ( 0x03 ); // CRC16-CCITT = 0xE2B4 genCRC ( $test ); function genCRC (& $ptr ) { $crc = 0x0000 ; $crc_table = $GLOBALS [ 'crc_table' ]; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $ptr ); $i ++) $crc = $crc_table [(( $crc >> 8 ) ^ ord ( $ptr [ $i ]))] ^ (( $crc << 8 ) & 0x00FFFF ); return $crc ; } ?> up down 4 roberto at spadim dot com dot br ¶ 19 years ago MODBUS RTU, CRC16, input-> modbus rtu string output -> 2bytes string, in correct modbus order <?php function crc16 ( $string , $length = 0 ){ $auchCRCHi =array( 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 ); $auchCRCLo =array( 0x00 , 0xC0 , 0xC1 , 0x01 , 0xC3 , 0x03 , 0x02 , 0xC2 , 0xC6 , 0x06 , 0x07 , 0xC7 , 0x05 , 0xC5 , 0xC4 , 0x04 , 0xCC , 0x0C , 0x0D , 0xCD , 0x0F , 0xCF , 0xCE , 0x0E , 0x0A , 0xCA , 0xCB , 0x0B , 0xC9 , 0x09 , 0x08 , 0xC8 , 0xD8 , 0x18 , 0x19 , 0xD9 , 0x1B , 0xDB , 0xDA , 0x1A , 0x1E , 0xDE , 0xDF , 0x1F , 0xDD , 0x1D , 0x1C , 0xDC , 0x14 , 0xD4 , 0xD5 , 0x15 , 0xD7 , 0x17 , 0x16 , 0xD6 , 0xD2 , 0x12 , 0x13 , 0xD3 , 0x11 , 0xD1 , 0xD0 , 0x10 , 0xF0 , 0x30 , 0x31 , 0xF1 , 0x33 , 0xF3 , 0xF2 , 0x32 , 0x36 , 0xF6 , 0xF7 , 0x37 , 0xF5 , 0x35 , 0x34 , 0xF4 , 0x3C , 0xFC , 0xFD , 0x3D , 0xFF , 0x3F , 0x3E , 0xFE , 0xFA , 0x3A , 0x3B , 0xFB , 0x39 , 0xF9 , 0xF8 , 0x38 , 0x28 , 0xE8 , 0xE9 , 0x29 , 0xEB , 0x2B , 0x2A , 0xEA , 0xEE , 0x2E , 0x2F , 0xEF , 0x2D , 0xED , 0xEC , 0x2C , 0xE4 , 0x24 , 0x25 , 0xE5 , 0x27 , 0xE7 , 0xE6 , 0x26 , 0x22 , 0xE2 , 0xE3 , 0x23 , 0xE1 , 0x21 , 0x20 , 0xE0 , 0xA0 , 0x60 , 0x61 , 0xA1 , 0x63 , 0xA3 , 0xA2 , 0x62 , 0x66 , 0xA6 , 0xA7 , 0x67 , 0xA5 , 0x65 , 0x64 , 0xA4 , 0x6C , 0xAC , 0xAD , 0x6D , 0xAF , 0x6F , 0x6E , 0xAE , 0xAA , 0x6A , 0x6B , 0xAB , 0x69 , 0xA9 , 0xA8 , 0x68 , 0x78 , 0xB8 , 0xB9 , 0x79 , 0xBB , 0x7B , 0x7A , 0xBA , 0xBE , 0x7E , 0x7F , 0xBF , 0x7D , 0xBD , 0xBC , 0x7C , 0xB4 , 0x74 , 0x75 , 0xB5 , 0x77 , 0xB7 , 0xB6 , 0x76 , 0x72 , 0xB2 , 0xB3 , 0x73 , 0xB1 , 0x71 , 0x70 , 0xB0 , 0x50 , 0x90 , 0x91 , 0x51 , 0x93 , 0x53 , 0x52 , 0x92 , 0x96 , 0x56 , 0x57 , 0x97 , 0x55 , 0x95 , 0x94 , 0x54 , 0x9C , 0x5C , 0x5D , 0x9D , 0x5F , 0x9F , 0x9E , 0x5E , 0x5A , 0x9A , 0x9B , 0x5B , 0x99 , 0x59 , 0x58 , 0x98 , 0x88 , 0x48 , 0x49 , 0x89 , 0x4B , 0x8B , 0x8A , 0x4A , 0x4E , 0x8E , 0x8F , 0x4F , 0x8D , 0x4D , 0x4C , 0x8C , 0x44 , 0x84 , 0x85 , 0x45 , 0x87 , 0x47 , 0x46 , 0x86 , 0x82 , 0x42 , 0x43 , 0x83 , 0x41 , 0x81 , 0x80 , 0x40 ); $length =( $length <= 0 ? strlen ( $string ): $length ); $uchCRCHi = 0xFF ; $uchCRCLo = 0xFF ; $uIndex = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $length ; $i ++){ $uIndex = $uchCRCLo ^ ord ( substr ( $string , $i , 1 )); $uchCRCLo = $uchCRCHi ^ $auchCRCHi [ $uIndex ]; $uchCRCHi = $auchCRCLo [ $uIndex ] ; } return( chr ( $uchCRCLo ). chr ( $uchCRCHi )); } ?> up down 2 arachnid at notdot dot net ¶ 21 years ago Note that the CRC32 algorithm should NOT be used for cryptographic purposes, or in situations where a hostile/untrusted user is involved, as it is far too easy to generate a hash collision for CRC32 (two different binary strings that have the same CRC32 hash). Instead consider SHA-1 or MD5. up down 2 sukitsupaluk at hotmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago small sample convert crc32 to character map <?php function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = crc32 ( $data )+ 0x100000000 ; $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ 31 + ( $hash % 31 )] . $str ; $hash /= 31 ; } while( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } $test = array( null , TRUE , FALSE , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" ); $out = array(); foreach( $test as $s ) { $out []= khash ( $s ). ": " . $s ; } var_dump ( $out ); /* output: array 0 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 1 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 2 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 3 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 4 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 5 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 6 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 7 => string 'AFSzIAO: 2' (length=10) 8 => string 'BXGSvQJ: 3' (length=10) 9 => string 'xZWOQSu: ab' (length=11) 10 => string 'AVAwHOR: abc' (length=12) 11 => string 'zKASNE1: abcd' (length=13) 12 => string 'xLCTOV7: abcde' (length=14) 13 => string 'zQLzKMt: abcdefoo' (length=17) / ?> up down 1 chernyshevsky at hotmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago The crc32_combine() function provided by petteri at qred dot fi has a bug that causes an infinite loop, a shift operation on a 32-bit signed int might never reach zero. Replacing the function gf2_matrix_times() with the following seems to fix it: <?php function gf2_matrix_times ( $mat , $vec ) { $sum = 0 ; $i = 0 ; while ( $vec ) { if ( $vec & 1 ) { $sum ^= $mat [ $i ]; } $vec = ( $vec >> 1 ) & 0x7FFFFFFF ; $i ++; } return $sum ; } ?> Otherwise, it's probably the best solution if you can't use hash_file(). Using a 1meg read buffer, the function only takes twice as long to process a 300meg files than hash_file() in my test. up down 1 berna (at) gensis (dot) com (dot) br ¶ 16 years ago For those who want a more familiar return value for the function: <?php function strcrc32 ( $text ) { $crc = crc32 ( $text ); if ( $crc & 0x80000000 ) { $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> And to show the result in Hex string: <?php function int32_to_hex ( $value ) { $value &= 0xffffffff ; return str_pad ( strtoupper ( dechex ( $value )), 8 , "0" , STR_PAD_LEFT ); } ?> up down 1 arris at zsolttech dot com ¶ 14 years ago not found anywhere crc64 based on http://bioinfadmin.cs.ucl.ac.uk/downloads/crc64/crc64.c . (use gmp module) <?php / OLDCRC / define ( 'POLY64REV' , "d800000000000000" ); define ( 'INITIALCRC' , "0000000000000000" ); define ( 'TABLELEN' , 256 ); / NEWCRC / // define('POLY64REV', "95AC9329AC4BC9B5"); // define('INITIALCRC', "FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF"); if( function_exists ( 'gmp_init' )){ class CRC64 { private static $CRCTable = array(); public static function encode ( $seq ){ $crc = gmp_init ( INITIALCRC , 16 ); $init = FALSE ; $poly64rev = gmp_init ( POLY64REV , 16 ); if (! $init ) { $init = TRUE ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < TABLELEN ; $i ++) { $part = gmp_init ( $i , 10 ); for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( gmp_strval ( gmp_and ( $part , "0x1" )) != "0" ){ // if (gmp_testbit($part, 1)){ / PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, untested / $part = gmp_xor ( gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ), $poly64rev ); } else { $part = gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ); } } self :: $CRCTable [ $i ] = $part ; } } for( $k = 0 ; $k < strlen ( $seq ); $k ++){ $tmp_gmp_val = gmp_init ( ord ( $seq [ $k ]), 10 ); $tableindex = gmp_xor ( gmp_and ( $crc , "0xff" ), $tmp_gmp_val ); $crc = gmp_div_q ( $crc , "256" ); $crc = gmp_xor ( $crc , self :: $CRCTable [ gmp_strval ( $tableindex , 10 )]); } $res = gmp_strval ( $crc , 16 ); return $res ; } } } else { die( "Please install php-gmp package!!!" ); } ?> up down 1 quix at free dot fr ¶ 22 years ago I needed the crc32 of a file that was pretty large, so I didn't want to read it into memory. So I made this: <?php $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ]=array(); // Lookup table array __crc32_init_table (); function __crc32_init_table () { // Builds lookup table array // This is the official polynomial used by // CRC-32 in PKZip, WinZip and Ethernet. $polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; // 256 values representing ASCII character codes. for( $i = 0 ; $i <= 0xFF ;++ $i ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=( __crc32_reflect ( $i , 8 ) << 24 ); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ;++ $j ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=(( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] << 1 ) ^ (( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] & ( 1 << 31 ))? $polynomial : 0 )); } $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] = __crc32_reflect ( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ], 32 ); } } function __crc32_reflect ( $ref , $ch ) { // Reflects CRC bits in the lookup table $value = 0 ; // Swap bit 0 for bit 7, bit 1 for bit 6, etc. for( $i = 1 ; $i <( $ch + 1 );++ $i ) { if( $ref & 1 ) $value \|= ( 1 << ( $ch - $i )); $ref = (( $ref >> 1 ) & 0x7fffffff ); } return $value ; } function __crc32_string ( $text ) { // Creates a CRC from a text string // Once the lookup table has been filled in by the two functions above, // this function creates all CRCs using only the lookup table. // You need unsigned variables because negative values // introduce high bits where zero bits are required. // PHP doesn't have unsigned integers: // I've solved this problem by doing a '&' after a '>>'. // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; $len = strlen ( $text ); // Perform the algorithm on each character in the string, // using the lookup table values. for( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ;++ $i ) { $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $text { $i })]; } // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } function __crc32_file ( $name ) { // Creates a CRC from a file // Info: look at __crc32_string // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; if(( $fp = fopen ( $name , 'rb' ))=== false ) return false ; // Perform the algorithm on each character in file for(;;) { $i =@ fread ( $fp , 1 ); if( strlen ( $i )== 0 ) break; $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $i )]; } @ fclose ( $fp ); // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> up down 1 spectrumizer at cycos dot net ¶ 23 years ago Here is a tested and working CRC16-Algorithm: <?php function crc16 ( $string ) { $crc = 0xFFFF ; for ( $x = 0 ; $x < strlen ( $string ); $x ++) { $crc = $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $x ]); for ( $y = 0 ; $y < 8 ; $y ++) { if (( $crc & 0x0001 ) == 0x0001 ) { $crc = (( $crc >> 1 ) ^ 0xA001 ); } else { $crc = $crc >> 1 ; } } } return $crc ; } ?> Regards, Mario up down 1 Ren ¶ 18 years ago Dealing with 32 bit unsigned values overflowing 32 bit php signed values can be done by adding 0x10000000 to any unexpected negative result, rather than using sprintf. $i = crc32('1'); printf("%u\n", $i); if (0 > $i) { // Implicitly casts i as float, and corrects this sign. $i += 0x100000000; } var_dump($i); Outputs: 2212294583 float(2212294583) up down 0 dotg at mail dot ru ¶ 9 years ago crc32() on php 32bit and 64 bit not equal in some values i use abs for result in positive for 32 bit not equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 1 )); ?> 64 bit 2212294583 32 bit 2082672713 equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 3 )); ?> 64 bit 1842515611 32 bit 1842515611 up down 0 toggio at writeme dot com ¶ 9 years ago A faster implementation of modbus CRC16 function crc16($data) { $crc = 0xFFFF; for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($data); $i++) { $crc ^=ord($data[$i]); for ($j = 8; $j !=0; $j--) { if (($crc & 0x0001) !=0) { $crc >>= 1; $crc ^= 0xA001; } else $crc >>= 1; } } return $crc; } up down -1 mail at tristansmis dot nl ¶ 18 years ago I used the abs value of this function on a 32-bit system. When porting the code to a 64-bit system I’ve found that the value is different. The following code has the same outcome on both systems. <?php $crc = abs ( crc32 ( $string )); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; } / Old solution * $crc = abs(crc32($string)) */ ?> up down -2 gabri dot ns at gmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago if you are looking for a fast function to hash a file, take a look at http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.hash-file.php this is crc32 file checker based on a CRC32 guide it have performance at ~ 625 KB/s on my 2.2GHz Turion far slower than hash_file('crc32b','filename.ext') <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { $f = @ fopen ( $filename , 'rb' ); if (! $f ) return false ; static $CRC32Table , $Reflect8Table ; if (!isset( $CRC32Table )) { $Polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; $topBit = 1 << 31 ; for( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { $remainder = $i << 24 ; for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( $remainder & $topBit ) $remainder = ( $remainder << 1 ) ^ $Polynomial ; else $remainder = $remainder << 1 ; } $CRC32Table [ $i ] = $remainder ; if (isset( $Reflect8Table [ $i ])) continue; $str = str_pad ( decbin ( $i ), 8 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $num = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); $Reflect8Table [ $i ] = $num ; $Reflect8Table [ $num ] = $i ; } } $remainder = 0xffffffff ; while ( $data = fread ( $f , 1024 )) { $len = strlen ( $data ); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ; $i ++) { $byte = $Reflect8Table [ ord ( $data [ $i ])]; $index = (( $remainder >> 24 ) & 0xff ) ^ $byte ; $crc = $CRC32Table [ $index ]; $remainder = ( $remainder << 8 ) ^ $crc ; } } $str = decbin ( $remainder ); $str = str_pad ( $str , 32 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $remainder = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); return $remainder ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> <?php $a = microtime (); echo dechex ( crc32_file ( 'filename.ext' )). "\n" ; $b = microtime (); echo array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $b )) - array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $a )). "\n" ; ?> Output: ec7369fe 2.384134054184 (or similiar) ＋ add a note Fonctions sur les chaînes de caractères addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://aws.amazon.com/cloudfront/pricing/	Amazon CloudFront CDN - Plans & Pricing - Try For Free Skip to main content Filter: All English Contact us AWS Marketplace Support My account Search Filter: All Sign in to console Create account Amazon CloudFront Overview Features Pricing Getting Started Resources More Networking and Content Delivery › Amazon CloudFront › Pricing Amazon CloudFront pricing Deliver fast and secure applications on AWS for a monthly price with no overage charges. Pay-as-you-go pricing Connect with a specialist Flat-rate pricing plans CloudFront flat-rate pricing plans combine the Amazon CloudFront global content delivery network (CDN) with multiple AWS services and features into a monthly price with no overage charges . Flat-rate pricing plans include the following for a monthly price: • CloudFront CDN • AWS WAF and DDoS protection • Bot management and analytics • Amazon Route 53 DNS • Amazon CloudWatch Logs ingestion • TLS certificate • Serverless edge compute • Amazon S3 storage credits each month Start with the $0/month Free plan and upgrade to access more capabilities and larger usage allowances. Plans and features Featured Free Pro Business Premium Custom pricing Description For hobbyists, learners, and developers getting started Launch and grow small websites, blogs, and applications. Protect and accelerate business applications.  Scale and protect business and mission-critical applications. Connect with a specialist for custom pricing. Monthly price $0/month No overage charges $15/month No overage charges $200/month No overage charges $1,000/month No overage charges Custom DNS ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Always-on DDoS Protection ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ CDN ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Web Application Firewall (WAF) Protect against common web threats Use-case protections like PHP, WordPress, and SQL Advanced protections Advanced protections Advanced protections WAF Rules 5 25 50 75 No limit Bot Management and Analytics x x Self-identifying bots Self-identifying bots Advanced obfuscated bots Advanced DDoS Protection x x ✓ ✓ ✓ JavaScript Challenge x x ✓ ✓ ✓ Custom Caching Rules x x ✓ ✓ ✓ Serverless Edge Compute ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Logging x ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Private Origins Within VPC x x ✓ ✓ ✓ Included S3 Storage 5GB 50GB 1TB 5TB - Uptime SLA x x ✓ ✓ ✓ Private Origin Endpoints x x ✓ ✓ ✓ Origin Load Reduction x x x ✓ ✓ High-Speed Origin Routing x x x ✓ ✓ Origin Failover x x x ✓ ✓ Monthly usage allowance - - - - - Requests 1M 10M 125M 500M No Limit Data Transfer 100GB 50TB 50TB 50TB No Limit Each plan includes a monthly usage allowance designed for optimal performance at that tier. Select a plan where the monthly usage allowance accommodates your baseline traffic on both requests and data transfer. If your usage exceeds the allowances in your CloudFront Flat-rate Pricing Plan, AWS may take appropriate action, which may include reducing your performance (for example, serving your traffic from fewer or more distant edge locations, reducing throughput, or throttling) or requiring a change to your pricing structure. Blocked DDoS attacks and requests blocked by AWS WAF never count against your usage allowance. Compare all features  Benefits Why customers choose CloudFront flat-rate plans. Start with everything you need Get CloudFront's global CDN, WAF, DDoS protection, DNS, TLS certificate, logging, and serverless edge compute in one plan for a monthly price. Plus receive monthly S3 Standard storage credits. Start delivering content without calculating costs across multiple AWS services. Security features are enabled by default, and additional configurations are simple to set up. No overages There are no additional overage charges or usage calculations, even during traffic spikes or attacks. Protect against DDoS attacks AWS infrastructure does the heavy lifting of absorbing and blocking attacks before they reach your infrastructure. Reserve your compute, database, and infrastructure only for legitimate traffic. Blocked DDoS attacks and requests blocked by AWS WAF never count against your usage allowance. Reduce your overall AWS costs Data transfer between CloudFront and your AWS origins is automatically waived when serving traffic through CloudFront, giving you a monthly price for both CloudFront delivery and your AWS origin’s data transfer costs to CloudFront. When cached content is served from CloudFront edge locations or regional edge caches, duplicate requests are collapsed, and unwanted traffic is blocked, you'll see fewer requests hitting your origin servers, databases, and other AWS services that charge based on usage—reducing your costs. FAQs What is CloudFront and when should I use it? CloudFront is a content distribution network that serves as a single point of entry for your application globally. Viewers anywhere in the world connect to one of CloudFront’s hundreds of edge locations nearest to them: CloudFront either responds directly from its cache or forwards the request to your application. Because traffic is spread across CloudFront’s edge locations, you can leverage CloudFront’s network architecture to deliver low latency applications that can withstand large bursts of traffic or sustained traffic as compared to web applications served from single locations. This makes CloudFront the ideal place to protect against DDoS and other application attacks. Consider CloudFront for any publicly accessible web application where you need performance, security, and availability. Your web application can be hosted on AWS—like S3, AWS Application Load Balancer (ALB), or Amazon API Gateway, or on any publicly accessible URL. Your content can be static, dynamically generated and cacheable, or non-cacheable content — all three will benefit from improved performance, security, and availability. How does CloudFront make my application faster? CloudFront delivers fast experiences by shortening and eliminating costly round trips to establish connections in region, including for dynamic, uncacheable workloads like APIs. CloudFront terminates TLS close to viewers from distributed edge locations, maintains persistent connections to your origin, collapses requests to reduce load on origin servers and decrease response times, and carries traffic to your AWS application over AWS’ private global network rather than the public internet. Additionally, if you have content that is cacheable such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, or images, CloudFront stores a copy of that content and serves responses from global edge locations located near your viewers, eliminating the time it would take for that request to otherwise reach your application. What are CloudFront flat-rate plans and are there any overage charges? CloudFront flat-rate pricing plans combine the CloudFront CDN with multiple AWS services and features into a monthly price with no overage charges. Plans include CDN, WAF, DDoS protection, DNS, TLS certificate, logging, and serverless edge compute. Plus receive monthly S3 Standard storage credits. You can select different plans for different applications based on your needs, giving you the flexibility to scale your applications without worrying about usage calculations or unexpected costs from traffic spikes or DDoS attacks. How do flat-rate plans compare to pay-as-you-go pricing? Flat-rate plans and pay-as-you-go pricing offer different advantages based on your needs. With flat-rate plans, you pay one price that includes multiple AWS services like CloudFront, WAF, Route 53, S3, and CloudWatch Logs and never face overage charges, even during traffic spikes or attacks. With pay-as-you-go pricing, you're billed separately for each service based on your actual usage. While this provides complete flexibility in service selection and configuration, your costs can vary month to month based on traffic patterns, and you'll need to monitor usage across multiple services to manage costs. Flat-rate plans are ideal if you want combined monthly billing, simplified service configuration, and built-in security features without worrying about overage charges. Pay-as-you-go pricing is a better choice if you need complete control over individual service features, custom configurations, access to features not available in flat-rate plans, or if you expect to handle large, predictable traffic spikes. Amazon CloudFront flat-rate pricing plans may not be combined with any other offers, promotions, or discounts. How do I get started? Select a flat-rate plan when creating a new CloudFront distribution or switch an existing distribution from pay-as-you-go pricing. Choose a plan based on your application's needs, with options starting at $0/month. Plans can be configured through the CloudFront Console. Did you find what you were looking for today? Let us know so we can improve the quality of the content on our pages Yes No Create an AWS account Learn What Is AWS? What Is Cloud Computing? What Is Agentic AI? Cloud Computing Concepts Hub AWS Cloud Security What's New Blogs Press Releases Resources Getting Started Training AWS Trust Center AWS Solutions Library Architecture Center Product and Technical FAQs Analyst Reports AWS Partners Developers Builder Center SDKs & Tools .NET on AWS Python on AWS Java on AWS PHP on AWS JavaScript on AWS Help Contact Us File a Support Ticket AWS re:Post Knowledge Center AWS Support Overview Get Expert Help AWS Accessibility Legal English Back to top Amazon is an Equal Opportunity Employer: Minority / Women / Disability / Veteran / Gender Identity / Sexual Orientation / Age. x facebook linkedin instagram twitch youtube podcasts email Privacy Site terms Cookie Preferences © 2026, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved.	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/networking-and-content-delivery/98-99-100-cloudfront-points-of-presence/	98, 99, 100 CloudFront Points of Presence! \| Networking & Content Delivery Skip to Main Content Filter: All English Contact us AWS Marketplace Support My account Search Filter: All Sign in to console Create account AWS Blogs Home Blogs Editions Networking & Content Delivery 98, 99, 100 CloudFront Points of Presence! by Jeff Barr on 01 NOV 2017 in Amazon CloudFront , Lambda@Edge , Networking & Content Delivery Permalink Share Note: This blog post was originally published November 1 2017 on Jeff Barr’s AWS Blog. We recently created this new blog channel dedicated to Networking and Content Delivery and we wanted to bring some of our more recent posts together for ease of reference. We are excited to bring you new content on a regular basis going forward. Nine years ago I showed you how you could Distribute Your Content with Amazon CloudFront . We launched CloudFront in 2008 with 14 Points of Presence and have been expanding rapidly ever since. Today I am pleased to announce the opening of our 100th Point of Presence, the fifth one in Tokyo and the sixth in Japan. With 89 Edge Locations and 11 Regional Edge Caches, CloudFront now supports traffic generated by millions of viewers around the world. 23 Countries, 50 Cities, and Growing Those 100 Points of Presence span the globe, with sites in 50 cities and 23 countries. In the past 12 months we have expanded the size of our network by about 58%, adding 37 Points of Presence, including nine in the following new cities: Berlin, Germany Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA Prague, Czech Republic Boston, Massachusetts, USA Munich, Germany Vienna, Austria Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Zurich, Switzerland We have even more in the works, including an Edge Location in the United Arab Emirates, currently planned for the first quarter of 2018. Innovating for Our Customers As I mentioned earlier, our network consists of a mix of Edge Locations and Regional Edge Caches. First announced at re:Invent 2016, the Regional Edge Caches sit between our Edge Locations and your origin servers, have even more memory than the Edge Locations, and allow us to store content close to the viewers for rapid delivery, all while reducing the load on the origin servers. While locations are important, they are just a starting point. We continue to focus on security with the recent launch of our Security Policies feature and our announcement that CloudFront is a HIPAA-eligible service. We gave you more content-serving and content-generation options with the launch of Lambda@Edge , letting you run AWS Lambda functions close to your users. We have also been working to accelerate the processing of cache invalidations and configuration changes. We now accept invalidations within milliseconds of the request and confirm that the request has been processed world-wide, typically within 60 seconds. This helps to ensure that your customers have access to fresh, timely content! Visit our Getting Started with Amazon CloudFront page for sign-up information, tutorials, webinars, on-demand videos, office hours, and more. — Jeff; TAGS: Amazon CloudFront , CDN , Content Delivery Network , Lambda@Edge , Networking & Content Delivery , Uncategorized Resources Networking Products Getting Started Amazon CloudFront Follow  Twitter  Facebook  LinkedIn  Twitch  Email Updates {"data":{"items":[{"fields":{"footer":"{\n \"createAccountButtonLabel\": \"Create an AWS account\",\n \"createAccountButtonURL\": \"https://portal.aws.amazon.com/gp/aws/developer/registr	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/manual/tr/intro.tokenizer.php	PHP: Giriş - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box Yapılandırma/Kurulum » « Tokenizer PHP Kılavuzu İşlev Başvuru Kılavuzu Diğer Temel Eklentiler Tokenizer Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other Giriş Simgeleştirici işlevler Zend Motoru içinde gömülü PHP simgeleştiricisine bir arayüzdür. Bu işlevleri kullanarak, sözdizimsel seviyede dil belirtimiyle uğraşmadan kendi PHP kaynak çözümleyicinizi veya değişiklik araçlarınızı yazabilirsiniz. Ayrıca bakınız: Çözümleyici Dizgeciklerinin Listesi . Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes There are no user contributed notes for this page. Tokenizer Giriş Yapılandırma/Kurulum Öntanımlı Sabitler Örnekler Simgeleştirici İşlevleri PhpToken Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/Demangle_2Utility_8h.html	LLVM: include/llvm/Demangle/Utility.h File Reference LLVM  22.0.0git include llvm Demangle Classes Utility.h File Reference #include " DemangleConfig.h " #include <array> #include <cstdint> #include <cstdlib> #include <cstring> #include <limits> #include <string_view> Go to the source code of this file. Classes class   OutputBuffer class   ScopedOverride< T > Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/manual/ja/intro.tokenizer.php	PHP: はじめに - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box インストール/設定 » « Tokenizer PHP マニュアル関数リファレンスその他の基本モジュール Tokenizer Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other はじめに tokenizer 関数は、Zend Engine に組み込まれた PHP tokenizer へのインターフェイスを提供します。以下の関数により、字句解析レベルの言語処理を行うことなく、 PHP ソースを解析/修正するツールを作成することが可能となります。トークンに関する付録も参照ください。 Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes There are no user contributed notes for this page. Tokenizer はじめにインストール/設定定義済み定数例 PhpToken Tokenizer 関数 Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/networking-and-content-delivery/introducing-quic-protocol-support-for-network-load-balancer-accelerating-mobile-first-applications/	Introducing QUIC Protocol Support for Network Load Balancer: Accelerating Mobile-First Applications \| Networking & Content Delivery Skip to Main Content Filter: All English Contact us AWS Marketplace Support My account Search Filter: All Sign in to console Create account AWS Blogs Home Blogs Editions Networking & Content Delivery Introducing QUIC Protocol Support for Network Load Balancer: Accelerating Mobile-First Applications by Andrew Gray and Milind Kulkarni on 13 NOV 2025 in Elastic Load Balancing , Networking & Content Delivery Permalink Share Today, AWS announces the launch of QUIC protocol support for Network Load Balancer (NLB) . This capability enables customers to forward QUIC traffic to their targets with ultra-low latency while maintaining session stickiness using QUIC Connection IDs. In this blog we will provide an overview of QUIC, demonstrate how to enable it using the AWS Console and CLI, and provide additional considerations. What is QUIC and Why Does It Matter? QUIC ( RFC 9000 ) represents a fundamental shift in how we approach network communication in our mobile-first world. QUIC is a transport protocol that runs over UDP and provides built-in encryption, congestion control, and multiplexing capabilities. QUIC is the transport protocol for HTTP/3, enabling applications to use HTTP/3 for their workloads to achieve better latency, connection resilience, and reduced head-of-line blocking. Unlike traditional networking protocols designed for static nodes, QUIC is built from the ground up for mobile devices and applications that demand: Ultra-low latency through minimized handshakes and reduced packet round trips Built-in security with TLS 1.3 encryption Connection resilience that maintains sessions even when client IP addresses or port numbers change The Mobile Revolution Demands Better Performance The explosive growth of smartphone applications has created new performance expectations. Companies providing mobile gaming, ride-sharing applications and other latency-sensitive industries have already implemented QUIC in their applications to deliver superior user experiences. On the client side, major browsers including Safari, Chrome, Edge, and Firefox support QUIC by default. QUIC can reduce end-to-end application latency by 25-30%, transforming user experiences from sluggish 500ms response times to snappy 350ms interactions. This improvement is particularly important in regions with limited cellular bandwidth and lower network quality. NLB QUIC: Passthrough Mode for Maximum Performance Network Load Balancer’s QUIC protocol passthrough complements Amazon CloudFront ’s existing QUIC termination capabilities, giving customers flexibility to optimize performance at both the edge and core of their infrastructure. The Network Load Balancer implementation focuses on QUIC passthrough mode, which means the NLB forwards QUIC traffic directly to targets without terminating the client sessions. This approach delivers several key advantages: Minimal latency overhead – No additional processing delays High performance – Packet-level forwarding for maximum throughput Customer control – Customers maintain full control over TLS certificates and client-server interactions through end-to-end TLS of the payload. Flexibility – Customers can continue optimizing their applications without load balancer constraints Session Stickiness – Maintains connection continuity using QUIC Connection IDs, even when UDP 5-tuples change during sessions. Health Check Compatibility – Works with existing TCP health checks, simplifying migration from current architectures. Kubernetes Integration – Kubernetes does not natively support provisioning QUIC-enabled NLBs. QUIC support is added through the AWS ControllerLoad Balancer . This guide will walk you through the setup steps. Existing Metrics – Leverages current UDP metrics with additional QUIC-specific insights for connection tracking and routing decisions. See the monitoring section later on for details and recommendations. This functionality leverages the QUIC load balancer specification from the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF ). The key concept is the QUIC Connection ID (a standard part of QUIC that server software generates for clients) has a Server ID encoded within it. NLB requires an 8-byte Server ID, which customers configure per instance, as discussed below. Early adopters are already seeing substantial benefits. One customer expects to save a full network round trip in their latency-sensitive search service, directly improving their mobile user interface responsiveness. With usage projections of 145 TB/day and peak connection rates of 200,000 connections per second, the performance gains translate to measurable business value. Getting Started QUIC support is available for new and existing Network Load Balancers. You can enable QUIC protocol support through the AWS Management Console , CLI , APIs , or AWS Load Balancer Controller. For customers currently using workarounds or considering alternatives, NLB QUIC support provides a native AWS solution that eliminates the complexity and additional costs of custom implementations. To get started with the console: Go to EC2 then Load Balancers Click Create Load Balancer Click Create under Network Load Balancer. On the next screen, you will see the new QUIC related options available when no security groups are defined, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1: New QUIC and TCP_QUIC protocol options in Load Balancer configuration You can select QUIC as a protocol type, which supports standard QUIC over UDP. TCP_QUIC is a better choice for using QUIC to support an HTTP/3 application because it allows you to configure both QUIC on UDP 443 and the fallback standard HTTPS server on TCP 443 with one listener. When configuring the target group, you have two corresponding options: QUIC and TCP_QUIC. Ensure your target group and listener match. Figure 2: NLB Target Group configuration with new QUIC and TCP_QUIC protocol options highlighted After clicking through the target group creation, you will reach a Register targets screen that looks somewhat different than other modes (Figure 3). First, you must use Instance ID as your target type. Second, a new parameter for QUIC is the Server ID: Figure 3: Target group target registration screen with new Server ID field highlighted. This is where you configure which server ID corresponds to which instance. This mechanism (referred to as plaintext CID) allows NLB to route traffic without requiring your decryption keys, avoiding security risks. NLB uses the Server ID (part of the Connection ID) to steer traffic accordingly. If you are using QUIC mode, your final listener configuration should look like this (Figure 4): Figure 4: Completed listener configuration, with QUIC protocol and target group highlighted. Follow best practice and configure health checks for your targets , as you would with any other NLB usage. Performing these same steps in the AWS CLI or AWS SDK s works as expected: Create the target group, again using QUIC or TCP_QUIC as the protocol: % aws elbv2 create-target-group --name API-QUIC --protocol QUIC --port 443 --vpc-id vpc-1234567890abcdef0 { "TargetGroups": [ { "TargetGroupArn": "arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:ap-southeast-4:111122223333:targetgroup/API-QUIC/1234567890abcdef0", "TargetGroupName": "API-QUIC", "Protocol": "QUIC", "Port": 443, "VpcId": "vpc-1234567890abcdef0", "HealthCheckProtocol": "TCP", "HealthCheckPort": "traffic-port", "HealthCheckEnabled": true, "HealthCheckIntervalSeconds": 30, "HealthCheckTimeoutSeconds": 10, "HealthyThresholdCount": 5, "UnhealthyThresholdCount": 2, "TargetType": "instance", "IpAddressType": "ipv4" } ] } Construct the listener to connect the NLB to the target group: % aws elbv2 create-load-balancer --name API-QUIC-LB --subnets subnet-1234567890abcdef0 subnet-1234567890abcdef1 subnet-1234567890abcdef2 --type network --scheme internet-facing { "LoadBalancers": [ { "LoadBalancerArn": "arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:ap-southeast-4:111122223333:loadbalancer/net/API-QUIC-LB/021345abcdef67890", "DNSName": "API-QUIC-LB-021345abcdef67890.elb.ap-southeast-4.amazonaws.com", "CanonicalHostedZoneId": "Z12345678ABCDEFGHIJK", "CreatedTime": "2025-10-31T02:24:43.514000+00:00", "LoadBalancerName": "API-QUIC-LB", "Scheme": "internet-facing", "VpcId": "vpc-1234567890abcdef0", "State": { "Code": "provisioning" }, "Type": "network", "AvailabilityZones": [ { "ZoneName": "ap-southeast-4a", "SubnetId": "subnet-1234567890abcdef0", "LoadBalancerAddresses": [] }, { "ZoneName": "ap-southeast-4b", "SubnetId": "subnet-1234567890abcdef1", "LoadBalancerAddresses": [] }, { "ZoneName": "ap-southeast-4c", "SubnetId": "subnet-1234567890abcdef2", "LoadBalancerAddresses": [] } ], "IpAddressType": "ipv4", "EnablePrefixForIpv6SourceNat": "off" } ] } Construct the listener to connect the NLB to the target group: % aws elbv2 create-listener --load-balancer-arn arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:ap-southeast-4:111122223333:loadbalancer/net/API-QUIC-LB/1234567890abcdef0 --protocol QUIC --port 443 --default-actions Type=forward,TargetGroupArn=arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:ap-southeast-4:111122223333:targetgroup/API-QUIC/1234567890abcdef0 { "Listeners": [ { "ListenerArn": "arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:ap-southeast-4:111122223333:listener/net/API-QUIC-LB/1234567890abcdef0/abcdef01234567890", "LoadBalancerArn": "arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:ap-southeast-4:111122223333:loadbalancer/net/API-QUIC-LB/1234567890abcdef0", "Port": 443, "Protocol": "QUIC", "DefaultActions": [ { "Type": "forward", "TargetGroupArn": "arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:ap-southeast-4:111122223333:targetgroup/API-QUIC/1234567890abcdef0", "ForwardConfig": { "TargetGroups": [ { "TargetGroupArn": "arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:ap-southeast-4:111122223333:targetgroup/API-QUIC/1234567890abcdef0" } ], "TargetGroupStickinessConfig": { "Enabled": false } } } ] } ] } Finally, register your instances with the target group, using the new QuicServerId field in addition to the usual entries: % aws elbv2 register-targets --target-group-arn arn:aws:elasticloadbalancing:ap-southeast-4:111122223333:targetgroup/API-QUIC/1234567890abcdef0 --targets Id=i-1234567890abcdef0,Port=443,QuicServerId=0x1122334455667788 You can register the same instance with multiple target groups, using the same QuicServerId for all of them. Different instances must use different QuicServerIds. Monitoring QUIC Network Load Balancers provide new Amazon CloudWatch metrics that customers should add to their monitoring and alerting systems: NewFlowCount_QUIC – This metric provides the number of newly initiated QUIC flows seen through the load balancer. Customers should monitor this metric for changes that deviate from their workload patterns. ProcessedBytes_QUIC – This metric shows the total number of bytes processed by QUIC listeners. Customers should monitor this metric for changes that deviate from their baseline workload patterns. QUIC_Unknown_Server_ID_Packet_Drop_Count – This metric increments when the load balancer receives a Server ID that is not registered with NLB. Customers should set alarms for increases in this count, as this indicates invalid server IDs are being generated. Increments can occur when servers are deregistered and removed before clients have finished their sessions. Considerations The QUIC load balancer specification from IETF (QUIC-LB) is currently in draft state. AWS offers support based on the current draft, which has remained stable for several months. Details may change between now and when QUIC-LB becomes an RFC. Monitor the specification for changes you will need to implement. QUIC is used for internet-facing traffic with a single port, so the option to add additional security groups in front of NLB is not available. To handle restrictions, implement them in your server software. QUIC-LB is a new technology, and server software platforms have not yet implemented it in their main codebases. To test this functionality, we built a server in Rust using AWS’s s2n-quic library and its support for custom Connection ID generators. The s2n-quic library provides a good starting point if your use case requires that level of customization. Fast-moving software branches are also available for evaluation, or you can ask your software vendor when they will add support for QUIC-LB. For networking professionals, note that the QUIC RFC states in section 14 that UDP packets must not be fragments, which reduces implementation complexity. Your server software encodes specific server IDs in the connection ID and NLB uses that encoding instead of sticky sessions or other techniques to keep sessions tied to one target. Consider how your application will handle failover. Amazon’s CTO, Werner Vogels , says that ‘Everything Fails All the Time’. Plan how your software will handle cases when your server fails or needs to be replaced. This feature is supported in all AWS Commercial and GovCloud (US) Regions. This is no additional charge for using this feature beyond standard NLB charges Conclusion This launch demonstrates AWS’s commitment to supporting mobile and web applications. NLB’s QUIC protocol passthrough complements existing Amazon CloudFront QUIC termination capabilities, giving you flexibility to optimize performance at both the edge and core of your infrastructure. AWS provides the tools and services you need to deliver high-quality user experiences. QUIC support on Network Load Balancer advances this capability. Enable QUIC support on your Network Load Balancer today to improve your mobile application performance. For detailed technical specifications and implementation guidance, visit the AWS documentation . About the authors Andrew Gray Andrew Gray is a Principal Solutions Architect at AWS, specializing in networking architecture and engineering. With experience as a lead networking engineer in telecommunications and higher education, Andrew enjoys applying his technical expertise to develop innovative cloud solutions. He is passionate about solving complex challenges at the intersection of networking, infrastructure, and code. Milind Kulkarni Milind is a Principal Product Manager at Amazon Web Services (AWS). He has over 20 years of experience in networking, data center architectures, SDN/NFV, and cloud computing. He is a co-inventor of nine US Patents and has co-authored three IETF Standards. Resources Networking Products Getting Started Amazon CloudFront Follow  Twitter  Facebook  LinkedIn  Twitch  Email Updates Create an AWS account Learn What Is AWS? What Is Cloud Computing? What Is Agentic AI? 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https://github.com/technomancy/leiningen/pull/2398	Bump version of reply and clojure-complete by tirkarthi · Pull Request #2398 · technomancy/leiningen · GitHub Skip to content Navigation Menu Toggle navigation Sign in Appearance settings Platform AI CODE CREATION GitHub Copilot Write better code with AI GitHub Spark Build and deploy intelligent apps GitHub Models Manage and compare prompts MCP Registry New Integrate external tools DEVELOPER WORKFLOWS Actions Automate any workflow Codespaces Instant dev environments Issues Plan and track work Code Review Manage code changes APPLICATION SECURITY GitHub Advanced Security Find and fix vulnerabilities Code security Secure your code as you build Secret protection Stop leaks before they start EXPLORE Why GitHub Documentation Blog Changelog Marketplace View all features Solutions BY COMPANY SIZE Enterprises Small and medium teams Startups Nonprofits BY USE CASE App Modernization DevSecOps DevOps CI/CD View all use cases BY INDUSTRY Healthcare Financial services Manufacturing Government View all industries View all solutions Resources EXPLORE BY TOPIC AI Software Development DevOps Security View all topics EXPLORE BY TYPE Customer stories Events & webinars Ebooks & reports Business insights GitHub Skills SUPPORT & SERVICES Documentation Customer support Community forum Trust center Partners Open Source COMMUNITY GitHub Sponsors Fund open source developers PROGRAMS Security Lab Maintainer Community Accelerator Archive Program REPOSITORIES Topics Trending Collections Enterprise ENTERPRISE SOLUTIONS Enterprise platform AI-powered developer platform AVAILABLE ADD-ONS GitHub Advanced Security Enterprise-grade security features Copilot for Business Enterprise-grade AI features Premium Support Enterprise-grade 24/7 support Pricing Search or jump to... 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Insights Additional navigation options Code Issues Pull requests Wiki Security Insights Bump version of reply and clojure-complete #2398 New issue Have a question about this project? Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community. Sign up for GitHub By clicking “Sign up for GitHub”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy statement . We’ll occasionally send you account related emails. Already on GitHub? Sign in to your account Jump to bottom Merged technomancy merged 1 commit into technomancy : master from tirkarthi : master Feb 5, 2018 Merged Bump version of reply and clojure-complete #2398 technomancy merged 1 commit into technomancy : master from tirkarthi : master Feb 5, 2018 Conversation 2 Commits 1 Checks 0 Files changed Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Conversation This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters. Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters Show hidden characters Copy link Contributor tirkarthi commented Feb 5, 2018 • edited Loading Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . This PR closes #2380 . clojure-complete "0.2.5" is released with the fix and reply is also released with the updated clojure-complete library as "0.3.8". This PR bumps the version of clojure-complete and reply. Tested it locally and it's working fine now. Just saw a PR ( #2397 ) that only upgrades reply version. I tested that PR and it still causes the NPE. Though clojure-complete is not used directly I don't know why an older version causes error with reply upgraded. have upgraded both and let me know if there is any place I have missed. cc @venantius --> Sorry, something went wrong. Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . --> All reactions Bump version of reply and clojure-complete 78aa9df Copy link Contributor venantius commented Feb 5, 2018 Nice turnaround! :) 👍 --> 😄 1 tirkarthi reacted with laugh emoji All reactions 😄 1 reaction --> Sorry, something went wrong. Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Copy link Owner technomancy commented Feb 5, 2018 Looks good; thanks. --> All reactions --> Sorry, something went wrong. Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . technomancy merged commit 3fd9294 into technomancy : master Feb 5, 2018 technomancy mentioned this pull request Feb 5, 2018 Bump reply to 0.3.8 #2397 Closed --> Sign up for free to join this conversation on GitHub . Already have an account? Sign in to comment --> Reviewers No reviews --> Assignees No one assigned Labels None yet --> Projects None yet --> Milestone No milestone --> Development Successfully merging this pull request may close these issues. Tab completion with Leiningen REPL after typing a period in a namespace triggers an NPE Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . 4 participants Add this suggestion to a batch that can be applied as a single commit. This suggestion is invalid because no changes were made to the code. Suggestions cannot be applied while the pull request is closed. Suggestions cannot be applied while viewing a subset of changes. Only one suggestion per line can be applied in a batch. 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https://llvm.org/doxygen/classPointerToMemberType-members.html	LLVM: Member List LLVM  22.0.0git PointerToMemberType Member List This is the complete list of members for PointerToMemberType , including all inherited members. ArrayCache Node protected Cache enum name Node dump () const Node FunctionCache Node protected getArrayCache () const Node inline getBaseName () const Node inline virtual getFunctionCache () const Node inline getKind () const Node inline getPrecedence () const Node inline getRHSComponentCache () const Node inline getSyntaxNode (OutputBuffer &) const Node inline virtual hasArray (OutputBuffer &OB) const Node inline hasArraySlow (OutputBuffer &) const Node inline virtual hasFunction (OutputBuffer &OB) const Node inline hasFunctionSlow (OutputBuffer &) const Node inline virtual hasRHSComponent (OutputBuffer &OB) const Node inline hasRHSComponentSlow (OutputBuffer &OB) const override PointerToMemberType inline virtual Kind enum name Node match (Fn F) const PointerToMemberType inline Node (Kind K_, Prec Precedence_=Prec::Primary, Cache RHSComponentCache_=Cache::No, Cache ArrayCache_=Cache::No, Cache FunctionCache_=Cache::No) Node inline Node (Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_=Cache::No, Cache FunctionCache_=Cache::No) Node inline PointerToMemberType (const Node ClassType_, const Node MemberType_) PointerToMemberType inline Prec enum name Node print (OutputBuffer &OB) const Node inline printAsOperand (OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P=Prec::Default, bool StrictlyWorse=false) const Node inline printInitListAsType (OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const Node inline virtual printLeft (OutputBuffer &OB) const override PointerToMemberType inline virtual printRight (OutputBuffer &OB) const override PointerToMemberType inline virtual RHSComponentCache Node protected visit (Fn F) const Node ~Node ()=default Node virtual Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/manual/de/function.crc32.php	PHP: crc32 - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box crypt » « count_chars PHP-Handbuch Funktionsreferenz Textverarbeitung Zeichenketten String-Funktionen Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other crc32 (PHP 4 >= 4.0.1, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) crc32 — Berechnet den polynomischen CRC32-Wert eines Strings Beschreibung crc32 ( string $string ): int Berechnet die zyklisch redundante polynomische Prüfsumme mit einer Länge von 32 Bit für string . Dies wird gewöhnlich für die Integritätsprüfung übermittelter Daten verwendet. Warnung Da der Datentyp Integer von PHP vorzeichenbehaftet ("signed") ist, resultieren viele Prüfsummen auf 32bit Plattformen in negativen Integer-Werten. In 64bit Installationen sind jedoch alle crc32() -Ergebnisse positive Ganzzahlen. Daher ist die "%u" Typangabe von sprintf() oder printf() nötig, um die Stringrepräsentation der vorzeichenlosen crc32() -Prüfsumme im Dezimalformat zu erhalten. Für die hexadezimale Repräsentation der Prüfsumme kann entweder die "%x" Typangabe von sprintf() oder printf() oder die dechex() -Umwandlungsfunktion verwendet werden; beide sorgen für die Konvertierung des crc32() -Ergebnisses in eine vorzeichenlose Ganzzahl. Es wurde in Erwägung gezogen, auch in 64bit-Installationen negative Ganzzahlen für höhere Ergebniswerte zurückzugeben, aber das hätte die Hexadezimalumwandlung ruiniert, da dann negative Ganzzahlen ein zusätzliches 0xFFFFFFFF########-Offset erhielten. Da die hexadezimale Repräsentation der meist verbreitete Anwendungsfall scheint, wurde entschieden das nicht zu tun, auch wenn es direkte dezimale Vergleiche in etwa 50% der Fälle ruiniert, wenn von 32bit auf 64bit gewechselt wird. Die Funktion eine Ganzzahl zurückgeben zu lassen, war im Nachhinein gesehen möglicherweise nicht die beste Idee, und gleich einen Hex-String zurückzugeben (wie z. B. md5() ) könnte gleich zu Anfang ein besserer Plan gewesen sein. Für eine portablere Lösung ist das generische hash() in Erwägung zu ziehen. hash("crc32b", $str) liefert die gleiche Zeichenkette wie str_pad(dechex(crc32($str)), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT) . Parameter-Liste string Die Daten. Rückgabewerte Gibt die CRC32-Prüfsumme von string als Integer zurück. Beispiele Beispiel #1 Anzeigen einer CRC32-Prüfsumme Das folgende Beispiel zeigt, wie eine konvertierte Prüfsumme mittels der Funktion printf() ausgegeben wird: <?php $pruefsumme = crc32 ( "Der schnelle braune Fuchs sprang über den trägen Hund." ); printf ( "%u\n" , $pruefsumme ); ?> Siehe auch hash() - Berechnet den Hash einer Nachricht md5() - Errechnet den MD5-Hash eines Strings sha1() - Berechnet den SHA1-Hash eines Strings Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes 22 notes up down 24 jian at theorchard dot com ¶ 15 years ago This function returns an unsigned integer from a 64-bit Linux platform. It does return the signed integer from other 32-bit platforms even a 64-bit Windows one. The reason is because the two constants PHP_INT_SIZE and PHP_INT_MAX have different values on the 64-bit Linux platform. I've created a work-around function to handle this situation. <?php function get_signed_int ( $in ) { $int_max = pow ( 2 , 31 )- 1 ; if ( $in > $int_max ){ $out = $in - $int_max * 2 - 2 ; } else { $out = $in ; } return $out ; } ?> Hope this helps. up down 12 i at morfi dot ru ¶ 12 years ago Implementation crc64() in php 64bit <?php /** * @return array / function crc64Table () { $crc64tab = []; // ECMA polynomial $poly64rev = ( 0xC96C5795 << 32 ) \| 0xD7870F42 ; // ISO polynomial // $poly64rev = (0xD8 << 56); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { for ( $part = $i , $bit = 0 ; $bit < 8 ; $bit ++) { if ( $part & 1 ) { $part = (( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 )) ^ $poly64rev ; } else { $part = ( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 ); } } $crc64tab [ $i ] = $part ; } return $crc64tab ; } /* * @param string $string * @param string $format * @return mixed * * Formats: * crc64('php'); // afe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%x'); // 0xafe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%X'); // 0xAFE4E823E7CEF190 * crc64('php', '%d'); // -5772233581471534704 signed int * crc64('php', '%u'); // 12674510492238016912 unsigned int / function crc64 ( $string , $format = '%x' ) { static $crc64tab ; if ( $crc64tab === null ) { $crc64tab = crc64Table (); } $crc = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $string ); $i ++) { $crc = $crc64tab [( $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $i ])) & 0xff ] ^ (( $crc >> 8 ) & ~( 0xff << 56 )); } return sprintf ( $format , $crc ); } up down 10 JS at JavsSys dot Org ¶ 12 years ago The khash() function by sukitsupaluk has two problems, it does not use all 62 characters from the $map set and when corrected it then produces different results on 64-bit compared to 32-bit PHP systems. Here is my modified version : <?php /* * Small sample convert crc32 to character map * Based upon http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.crc32.php#105703 * (Modified to now use all characters from $map) * (Modified to be 32-bit PHP safe) / function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = bcadd ( sprintf ( '%u' , crc32 ( $data )) , 0x100000000 ); $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ bcmod ( $hash , 62 ) ] . $str ; $hash = bcdiv ( $hash , 62 ); } while ( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $test = array( null , true , false , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" , "248840027" , "1365848013" , // time() "9223372035488927794" , // PHP_INT_MAX-time() "901131979" , // mt_rand() "Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" // gmdate('r') ); $out = array(); foreach ( $test as $s ) { $out [] = khash ( $s ) . ": " . $s ; } print "<h3>khash() -- maps a crc32 result into a (62-character) result</h3>" ; print '<pre>' ; var_dump ( $out ); print "\n\n\$GLOBALS['raw_crc32']:\n" ; var_dump ( $GLOBALS [ 'raw_crc32' ]); print '</pre><hr>' ; flush (); $pefile = __FILE__ ; print "<h3> $pefile </h3>" ; ob_end_flush (); flush (); highlight_file ( $pefile ); print "<hr>" ; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- / CURRENT output array(19) { [0]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [1]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [2]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [3]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [4]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [5]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [6]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [7]=> string(9) "5b8iNn: 2" [8]=> string(9) "6HmfFN: 3" [9]=> string(10) "7ADPD7: ab" [10]=> string(11) "5F0aUq: abc" [11]=> string(12) "92kWw9: abcd" [12]=> string(13) "78hcpf: abcde" [13]=> string(16) "9eBVPB: abcdefoo" [14]=> string(17) "5TjOuZ: 248840027" [15]=> string(18) "5eNliI: 1365848013" [16]=> string(27) "4Q00e5: 9223372035488927794" [17]=> string(17) "6DUX8V: 901131979" [18]=> string(39) "5i2aOW: Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" } / //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?> up down 10 Bulk at bulksplace dot com ¶ 20 years ago A faster way I've found to return CRC values of larger files, is instead of using the file()/implode() method used below, is to us file_get_contents() (PHP 4 >= 4.3.0) which uses memory mapping techniques if supported by your OS to enhance performance. Here's my example function: <?php // $file is the path to the file you want to check. function file_crc ( $file ) { $file_string = file_get_contents ( $file ); $crc = crc32 ( $file_string ); return sprintf ( "%u" , $crc ); } $file_to_crc = / home / path / to / file . jpg ; echo file_crc ( $file_to_crc ); // Outputs CRC value for given file. ?> I've found in testing this method is MUCH faster for larger binary files. up down 8 slimshady451 ¶ 18 years ago I see a lot of function for crc32_file, but for php version >= 5.1.2 don't forget you can use this : <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { return hash_file ( 'CRC32' , $filename , FALSE ); } ?> Using crc32(file_get_contents($filename)) will use too many memory on big file so don't use it. up down 6 same ¶ 21 years ago bit by bit crc32 computation <?php function bitbybit_crc32 ( $str , $first_call = false ){ //reflection in 32 bits of crc32 polynomial 0x04C11DB7 $poly_reflected = 0xEDB88320 ; //=0xFFFFFFFF; //keep track of register value after each call static $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; //initialize register on first call if( $first_call ) $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; $n = strlen ( $str ); $zeros = $n < 4 ? $n : 4 ; //xor first $zeros=min(4,strlen($str)) bytes into the register for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros ; $i ++) $reg ^= ord ( $str { $i })<< $i 8 ; //now for the rest of the string for( $i = 4 ; $i < $n ; $i ++){ $next_char = ord ( $str { $i }); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) $reg =(( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )\|( $next_char >> $j & 1 )<< 0x1F ) ^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; } //put in enough zeros at the end for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros * 8 ; $i ++) $reg =( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; //xor the register with 0xFFFFFFFF return ~ $reg ; } $str = "123456789" ; //whatever $blocksize = 4 ; //whatever for( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $str ); $i += $blocksize ) $crc = bitbybit_crc32 ( substr ( $str , $i , $blocksize ),! $i ); ?> up down 5 dave at jufer dot info ¶ 18 years ago This function returns the same int value on a 64 bit mc. like the crc32() function on a 32 bit mc. <?php function crcKw ( $num ){ $crc = crc32 ( $num ); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> up down 3 Clifford dot ct at gmail dot com ¶ 13 years ago The crc32() function can return a signed integer in certain environments. Assuming that it will always return an unsigned integer is not portable. Depending on your desired behavior, you should probably use sprintf() on the result or the generic hash() instead. Also note that integer arithmetic operators do not have the precision to work correctly with the integer output. up down 3 alban dot lopez+php [ at ] gmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago I made this code to verify Transmition with Vantage Pro2 ( weather station ) based on CRC16-CCITT standard. <?php // CRC16-CCITT validator $crc_table = array( 0x0 , 0x1021 , 0x2042 , 0x3063 , 0x4084 , 0x50a5 , 0x60c6 , 0x70e7 , 0x8108 , 0x9129 , 0xa14a , 0xb16b , 0xc18c , 0xd1ad , 0xe1ce , 0xf1ef , 0x1231 , 0x210 , 0x3273 , 0x2252 , 0x52b5 , 0x4294 , 0x72f7 , 0x62d6 , 0x9339 , 0x8318 , 0xb37b , 0xa35a , 0xd3bd , 0xc39c , 0xf3ff , 0xe3de , 0x2462 , 0x3443 , 0x420 , 0x1401 , 0x64e6 , 0x74c7 , 0x44a4 , 0x5485 , 0xa56a , 0xb54b , 0x8528 , 0x9509 , 0xe5ee , 0xf5cf , 0xc5ac , 0xd58d , 0x3653 , 0x2672 , 0x1611 , 0x630 , 0x76d7 , 0x66f6 , 0x5695 , 0x46b4 , 0xb75b , 0xa77a , 0x9719 , 0x8738 , 0xf7df , 0xe7fe , 0xd79d , 0xc7bc , 0x48c4 , 0x58e5 , 0x6886 , 0x78a7 , 0x840 , 0x1861 , 0x2802 , 0x3823 , 0xc9cc , 0xd9ed , 0xe98e , 0xf9af , 0x8948 , 0x9969 , 0xa90a , 0xb92b , 0x5af5 , 0x4ad4 , 0x7ab7 , 0x6a96 , 0x1a71 , 0xa50 , 0x3a33 , 0x2a12 , 0xdbfd , 0xcbdc , 0xfbbf , 0xeb9e , 0x9b79 , 0x8b58 , 0xbb3b , 0xab1a , 0x6ca6 , 0x7c87 , 0x4ce4 , 0x5cc5 , 0x2c22 , 0x3c03 , 0xc60 , 0x1c41 , 0xedae , 0xfd8f , 0xcdec , 0xddcd , 0xad2a , 0xbd0b , 0x8d68 , 0x9d49 , 0x7e97 , 0x6eb6 , 0x5ed5 , 0x4ef4 , 0x3e13 , 0x2e32 , 0x1e51 , 0xe70 , 0xff9f , 0xefbe , 0xdfdd , 0xcffc , 0xbf1b , 0xaf3a , 0x9f59 , 0x8f78 , 0x9188 , 0x81a9 , 0xb1ca , 0xa1eb , 0xd10c , 0xc12d , 0xf14e , 0xe16f , 0x1080 , 0xa1 , 0x30c2 , 0x20e3 , 0x5004 , 0x4025 , 0x7046 , 0x6067 , 0x83b9 , 0x9398 , 0xa3fb , 0xb3da , 0xc33d , 0xd31c , 0xe37f , 0xf35e , 0x2b1 , 0x1290 , 0x22f3 , 0x32d2 , 0x4235 , 0x5214 , 0x6277 , 0x7256 , 0xb5ea , 0xa5cb , 0x95a8 , 0x8589 , 0xf56e , 0xe54f , 0xd52c , 0xc50d , 0x34e2 , 0x24c3 , 0x14a0 , 0x481 , 0x7466 , 0x6447 , 0x5424 , 0x4405 , 0xa7db , 0xb7fa , 0x8799 , 0x97b8 , 0xe75f , 0xf77e , 0xc71d , 0xd73c , 0x26d3 , 0x36f2 , 0x691 , 0x16b0 , 0x6657 , 0x7676 , 0x4615 , 0x5634 , 0xd94c , 0xc96d , 0xf90e , 0xe92f , 0x99c8 , 0x89e9 , 0xb98a , 0xa9ab , 0x5844 , 0x4865 , 0x7806 , 0x6827 , 0x18c0 , 0x8e1 , 0x3882 , 0x28a3 , 0xcb7d , 0xdb5c , 0xeb3f , 0xfb1e , 0x8bf9 , 0x9bd8 , 0xabbb , 0xbb9a , 0x4a75 , 0x5a54 , 0x6a37 , 0x7a16 , 0xaf1 , 0x1ad0 , 0x2ab3 , 0x3a92 , 0xfd2e , 0xed0f , 0xdd6c , 0xcd4d , 0xbdaa , 0xad8b , 0x9de8 , 0x8dc9 , 0x7c26 , 0x6c07 , 0x5c64 , 0x4c45 , 0x3ca2 , 0x2c83 , 0x1ce0 , 0xcc1 , 0xef1f , 0xff3e , 0xcf5d , 0xdf7c , 0xaf9b , 0xbfba , 0x8fd9 , 0x9ff8 , 0x6e17 , 0x7e36 , 0x4e55 , 0x5e74 , 0x2e93 , 0x3eb2 , 0xed1 , 0x1ef0 ); $test = chr ( 0xC6 ). chr ( 0xCE ). chr ( 0xA2 ). chr ( 0x03 ); // CRC16-CCITT = 0xE2B4 genCRC ( $test ); function genCRC (& $ptr ) { $crc = 0x0000 ; $crc_table = $GLOBALS [ 'crc_table' ]; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $ptr ); $i ++) $crc = $crc_table [(( $crc >> 8 ) ^ ord ( $ptr [ $i ]))] ^ (( $crc << 8 ) & 0x00FFFF ); return $crc ; } ?> up down 4 roberto at spadim dot com dot br ¶ 19 years ago MODBUS RTU, CRC16, input-> modbus rtu string output -> 2bytes string, in correct modbus order <?php function crc16 ( $string , $length = 0 ){ $auchCRCHi =array( 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 ); $auchCRCLo =array( 0x00 , 0xC0 , 0xC1 , 0x01 , 0xC3 , 0x03 , 0x02 , 0xC2 , 0xC6 , 0x06 , 0x07 , 0xC7 , 0x05 , 0xC5 , 0xC4 , 0x04 , 0xCC , 0x0C , 0x0D , 0xCD , 0x0F , 0xCF , 0xCE , 0x0E , 0x0A , 0xCA , 0xCB , 0x0B , 0xC9 , 0x09 , 0x08 , 0xC8 , 0xD8 , 0x18 , 0x19 , 0xD9 , 0x1B , 0xDB , 0xDA , 0x1A , 0x1E , 0xDE , 0xDF , 0x1F , 0xDD , 0x1D , 0x1C , 0xDC , 0x14 , 0xD4 , 0xD5 , 0x15 , 0xD7 , 0x17 , 0x16 , 0xD6 , 0xD2 , 0x12 , 0x13 , 0xD3 , 0x11 , 0xD1 , 0xD0 , 0x10 , 0xF0 , 0x30 , 0x31 , 0xF1 , 0x33 , 0xF3 , 0xF2 , 0x32 , 0x36 , 0xF6 , 0xF7 , 0x37 , 0xF5 , 0x35 , 0x34 , 0xF4 , 0x3C , 0xFC , 0xFD , 0x3D , 0xFF , 0x3F , 0x3E , 0xFE , 0xFA , 0x3A , 0x3B , 0xFB , 0x39 , 0xF9 , 0xF8 , 0x38 , 0x28 , 0xE8 , 0xE9 , 0x29 , 0xEB , 0x2B , 0x2A , 0xEA , 0xEE , 0x2E , 0x2F , 0xEF , 0x2D , 0xED , 0xEC , 0x2C , 0xE4 , 0x24 , 0x25 , 0xE5 , 0x27 , 0xE7 , 0xE6 , 0x26 , 0x22 , 0xE2 , 0xE3 , 0x23 , 0xE1 , 0x21 , 0x20 , 0xE0 , 0xA0 , 0x60 , 0x61 , 0xA1 , 0x63 , 0xA3 , 0xA2 , 0x62 , 0x66 , 0xA6 , 0xA7 , 0x67 , 0xA5 , 0x65 , 0x64 , 0xA4 , 0x6C , 0xAC , 0xAD , 0x6D , 0xAF , 0x6F , 0x6E , 0xAE , 0xAA , 0x6A , 0x6B , 0xAB , 0x69 , 0xA9 , 0xA8 , 0x68 , 0x78 , 0xB8 , 0xB9 , 0x79 , 0xBB , 0x7B , 0x7A , 0xBA , 0xBE , 0x7E , 0x7F , 0xBF , 0x7D , 0xBD , 0xBC , 0x7C , 0xB4 , 0x74 , 0x75 , 0xB5 , 0x77 , 0xB7 , 0xB6 , 0x76 , 0x72 , 0xB2 , 0xB3 , 0x73 , 0xB1 , 0x71 , 0x70 , 0xB0 , 0x50 , 0x90 , 0x91 , 0x51 , 0x93 , 0x53 , 0x52 , 0x92 , 0x96 , 0x56 , 0x57 , 0x97 , 0x55 , 0x95 , 0x94 , 0x54 , 0x9C , 0x5C , 0x5D , 0x9D , 0x5F , 0x9F , 0x9E , 0x5E , 0x5A , 0x9A , 0x9B , 0x5B , 0x99 , 0x59 , 0x58 , 0x98 , 0x88 , 0x48 , 0x49 , 0x89 , 0x4B , 0x8B , 0x8A , 0x4A , 0x4E , 0x8E , 0x8F , 0x4F , 0x8D , 0x4D , 0x4C , 0x8C , 0x44 , 0x84 , 0x85 , 0x45 , 0x87 , 0x47 , 0x46 , 0x86 , 0x82 , 0x42 , 0x43 , 0x83 , 0x41 , 0x81 , 0x80 , 0x40 ); $length =( $length <= 0 ? strlen ( $string ): $length ); $uchCRCHi = 0xFF ; $uchCRCLo = 0xFF ; $uIndex = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $length ; $i ++){ $uIndex = $uchCRCLo ^ ord ( substr ( $string , $i , 1 )); $uchCRCLo = $uchCRCHi ^ $auchCRCHi [ $uIndex ]; $uchCRCHi = $auchCRCLo [ $uIndex ] ; } return( chr ( $uchCRCLo ). chr ( $uchCRCHi )); } ?> up down 2 arachnid at notdot dot net ¶ 21 years ago Note that the CRC32 algorithm should NOT be used for cryptographic purposes, or in situations where a hostile/untrusted user is involved, as it is far too easy to generate a hash collision for CRC32 (two different binary strings that have the same CRC32 hash). Instead consider SHA-1 or MD5. up down 2 sukitsupaluk at hotmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago small sample convert crc32 to character map <?php function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = crc32 ( $data )+ 0x100000000 ; $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ 31 + ( $hash % 31 )] . $str ; $hash /= 31 ; } while( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } $test = array( null , TRUE , FALSE , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" ); $out = array(); foreach( $test as $s ) { $out []= khash ( $s ). ": " . $s ; } var_dump ( $out ); /* output: array 0 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 1 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 2 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 3 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 4 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 5 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 6 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 7 => string 'AFSzIAO: 2' (length=10) 8 => string 'BXGSvQJ: 3' (length=10) 9 => string 'xZWOQSu: ab' (length=11) 10 => string 'AVAwHOR: abc' (length=12) 11 => string 'zKASNE1: abcd' (length=13) 12 => string 'xLCTOV7: abcde' (length=14) 13 => string 'zQLzKMt: abcdefoo' (length=17) / ?> up down 1 chernyshevsky at hotmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago The crc32_combine() function provided by petteri at qred dot fi has a bug that causes an infinite loop, a shift operation on a 32-bit signed int might never reach zero. Replacing the function gf2_matrix_times() with the following seems to fix it: <?php function gf2_matrix_times ( $mat , $vec ) { $sum = 0 ; $i = 0 ; while ( $vec ) { if ( $vec & 1 ) { $sum ^= $mat [ $i ]; } $vec = ( $vec >> 1 ) & 0x7FFFFFFF ; $i ++; } return $sum ; } ?> Otherwise, it's probably the best solution if you can't use hash_file(). Using a 1meg read buffer, the function only takes twice as long to process a 300meg files than hash_file() in my test. up down 1 berna (at) gensis (dot) com (dot) br ¶ 16 years ago For those who want a more familiar return value for the function: <?php function strcrc32 ( $text ) { $crc = crc32 ( $text ); if ( $crc & 0x80000000 ) { $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> And to show the result in Hex string: <?php function int32_to_hex ( $value ) { $value &= 0xffffffff ; return str_pad ( strtoupper ( dechex ( $value )), 8 , "0" , STR_PAD_LEFT ); } ?> up down 1 arris at zsolttech dot com ¶ 14 years ago not found anywhere crc64 based on http://bioinfadmin.cs.ucl.ac.uk/downloads/crc64/crc64.c . (use gmp module) <?php / OLDCRC / define ( 'POLY64REV' , "d800000000000000" ); define ( 'INITIALCRC' , "0000000000000000" ); define ( 'TABLELEN' , 256 ); / NEWCRC / // define('POLY64REV', "95AC9329AC4BC9B5"); // define('INITIALCRC', "FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF"); if( function_exists ( 'gmp_init' )){ class CRC64 { private static $CRCTable = array(); public static function encode ( $seq ){ $crc = gmp_init ( INITIALCRC , 16 ); $init = FALSE ; $poly64rev = gmp_init ( POLY64REV , 16 ); if (! $init ) { $init = TRUE ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < TABLELEN ; $i ++) { $part = gmp_init ( $i , 10 ); for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( gmp_strval ( gmp_and ( $part , "0x1" )) != "0" ){ // if (gmp_testbit($part, 1)){ / PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, untested / $part = gmp_xor ( gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ), $poly64rev ); } else { $part = gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ); } } self :: $CRCTable [ $i ] = $part ; } } for( $k = 0 ; $k < strlen ( $seq ); $k ++){ $tmp_gmp_val = gmp_init ( ord ( $seq [ $k ]), 10 ); $tableindex = gmp_xor ( gmp_and ( $crc , "0xff" ), $tmp_gmp_val ); $crc = gmp_div_q ( $crc , "256" ); $crc = gmp_xor ( $crc , self :: $CRCTable [ gmp_strval ( $tableindex , 10 )]); } $res = gmp_strval ( $crc , 16 ); return $res ; } } } else { die( "Please install php-gmp package!!!" ); } ?> up down 1 quix at free dot fr ¶ 22 years ago I needed the crc32 of a file that was pretty large, so I didn't want to read it into memory. So I made this: <?php $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ]=array(); // Lookup table array __crc32_init_table (); function __crc32_init_table () { // Builds lookup table array // This is the official polynomial used by // CRC-32 in PKZip, WinZip and Ethernet. $polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; // 256 values representing ASCII character codes. for( $i = 0 ; $i <= 0xFF ;++ $i ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=( __crc32_reflect ( $i , 8 ) << 24 ); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ;++ $j ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=(( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] << 1 ) ^ (( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] & ( 1 << 31 ))? $polynomial : 0 )); } $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] = __crc32_reflect ( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ], 32 ); } } function __crc32_reflect ( $ref , $ch ) { // Reflects CRC bits in the lookup table $value = 0 ; // Swap bit 0 for bit 7, bit 1 for bit 6, etc. for( $i = 1 ; $i <( $ch + 1 );++ $i ) { if( $ref & 1 ) $value \|= ( 1 << ( $ch - $i )); $ref = (( $ref >> 1 ) & 0x7fffffff ); } return $value ; } function __crc32_string ( $text ) { // Creates a CRC from a text string // Once the lookup table has been filled in by the two functions above, // this function creates all CRCs using only the lookup table. // You need unsigned variables because negative values // introduce high bits where zero bits are required. // PHP doesn't have unsigned integers: // I've solved this problem by doing a '&' after a '>>'. // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; $len = strlen ( $text ); // Perform the algorithm on each character in the string, // using the lookup table values. for( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ;++ $i ) { $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $text { $i })]; } // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } function __crc32_file ( $name ) { // Creates a CRC from a file // Info: look at __crc32_string // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; if(( $fp = fopen ( $name , 'rb' ))=== false ) return false ; // Perform the algorithm on each character in file for(;;) { $i =@ fread ( $fp , 1 ); if( strlen ( $i )== 0 ) break; $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $i )]; } @ fclose ( $fp ); // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> up down 1 spectrumizer at cycos dot net ¶ 23 years ago Here is a tested and working CRC16-Algorithm: <?php function crc16 ( $string ) { $crc = 0xFFFF ; for ( $x = 0 ; $x < strlen ( $string ); $x ++) { $crc = $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $x ]); for ( $y = 0 ; $y < 8 ; $y ++) { if (( $crc & 0x0001 ) == 0x0001 ) { $crc = (( $crc >> 1 ) ^ 0xA001 ); } else { $crc = $crc >> 1 ; } } } return $crc ; } ?> Regards, Mario up down 1 Ren ¶ 18 years ago Dealing with 32 bit unsigned values overflowing 32 bit php signed values can be done by adding 0x10000000 to any unexpected negative result, rather than using sprintf. $i = crc32('1'); printf("%u\n", $i); if (0 > $i) { // Implicitly casts i as float, and corrects this sign. $i += 0x100000000; } var_dump($i); Outputs: 2212294583 float(2212294583) up down 0 dotg at mail dot ru ¶ 9 years ago crc32() on php 32bit and 64 bit not equal in some values i use abs for result in positive for 32 bit not equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 1 )); ?> 64 bit 2212294583 32 bit 2082672713 equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 3 )); ?> 64 bit 1842515611 32 bit 1842515611 up down 0 toggio at writeme dot com ¶ 9 years ago A faster implementation of modbus CRC16 function crc16($data) { $crc = 0xFFFF; for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($data); $i++) { $crc ^=ord($data[$i]); for ($j = 8; $j !=0; $j--) { if (($crc & 0x0001) !=0) { $crc >>= 1; $crc ^= 0xA001; } else $crc >>= 1; } } return $crc; } up down -1 mail at tristansmis dot nl ¶ 18 years ago I used the abs value of this function on a 32-bit system. When porting the code to a 64-bit system I’ve found that the value is different. The following code has the same outcome on both systems. <?php $crc = abs ( crc32 ( $string )); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; } / Old solution * $crc = abs(crc32($string)) */ ?> up down -2 gabri dot ns at gmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago if you are looking for a fast function to hash a file, take a look at http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.hash-file.php this is crc32 file checker based on a CRC32 guide it have performance at ~ 625 KB/s on my 2.2GHz Turion far slower than hash_file('crc32b','filename.ext') <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { $f = @ fopen ( $filename , 'rb' ); if (! $f ) return false ; static $CRC32Table , $Reflect8Table ; if (!isset( $CRC32Table )) { $Polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; $topBit = 1 << 31 ; for( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { $remainder = $i << 24 ; for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( $remainder & $topBit ) $remainder = ( $remainder << 1 ) ^ $Polynomial ; else $remainder = $remainder << 1 ; } $CRC32Table [ $i ] = $remainder ; if (isset( $Reflect8Table [ $i ])) continue; $str = str_pad ( decbin ( $i ), 8 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $num = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); $Reflect8Table [ $i ] = $num ; $Reflect8Table [ $num ] = $i ; } } $remainder = 0xffffffff ; while ( $data = fread ( $f , 1024 )) { $len = strlen ( $data ); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ; $i ++) { $byte = $Reflect8Table [ ord ( $data [ $i ])]; $index = (( $remainder >> 24 ) & 0xff ) ^ $byte ; $crc = $CRC32Table [ $index ]; $remainder = ( $remainder << 8 ) ^ $crc ; } } $str = decbin ( $remainder ); $str = str_pad ( $str , 32 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $remainder = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); return $remainder ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> <?php $a = microtime (); echo dechex ( crc32_file ( 'filename.ext' )). "\n" ; $b = microtime (); echo array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $b )) - array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $a )). "\n" ; ?> Output: ec7369fe 2.384134054184 (or similiar) ＋ add a note String-Funktionen addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
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https://nbviewer.jupyter.org/github/gestaltrevision/python_for_visres/blob/master/Part3/Part3_Scientific_Python.ipynb#A-Quick-Recap	Jupyter Notebook Viewer Toggle navigation JUPYTER FAQ View as Code View on GitHub Execute on Binder Download Notebook python_for_visres Part3 Notebook Back to the main index Scientific Python: Transitioning from MATLAB to Python ¶ Part of the introductory series to using Python for Vision Research brought to you by the GestaltReVision group (KU Leuven, Belgium). This notebook is meant as an introduction to Python's essential scientific packages: Numpy, PIL, Matplotlib, and SciPy. There is more Python learning material available on our lab's wiki . Author: Maarten Demeyer Year: 2014 Copyright: Public Domain as in CC0 Contents ¶ A Quick Recap Data types Lists Functions Objects Numpy Why we need Numpy The ndarray data type shape and dtype Indexing and slicing Filling and manipulating arrays A few useful functions A small exercise A bit harder: The Gabor Boolean indexing Vectorizing a simulation PIL: the Python Imaging Library Loading and showing images Resizing, rotating, cropping and converting Advanced Saving Exercise Matplotlib Quick plots Saving to a file Visualizing arrays Multi-panel figures Exercise: Function plots Finer figure control Exercise: Add regression lines Scipy Statistics Fast Fourier Transform A Quick Recap ¶ Data types ¶ Depending on what kind of values you want to store, Python variables can be of different data types. For instance: In [ ]: my_int = 5 print my_int , type ( my_int ) my_float = 5.0 print my_float , type ( my_float ) my_boolean = False print my_boolean , type ( my_boolean ) my_string = 'hello' print my_string , type ( my_string ) Lists ¶ One useful data type is the list, which stores an ordered , mutable sequence of any data type , even mixed In [ ]: my_list = [ my_int , my_float , my_boolean , my_string ] print type ( my_list ) for element in my_list : print type ( element ) To retrieve or change specific elements in a list, indices and slicing can be used. Indexing starts at zero . Slices do not include the last element . In [ ]: print my_list [ 1 ] my_list [ 1 ] = 3.0 my_sublist = my_list [ 1 : 3 ] print my_sublist print type ( my_sublist ) Functions ¶ Re-usable pieces of code can be put into functions. Many pre-defined functions are available in Python packages. Functions can have both required and optional input arguments. When the function has no output argument, it returns None . In [ ]: # Function with a required and an optional argument def regress ( x , c = 0 , b = 1 ): return ( x * b ) + c print regress ( 5 ) # Only required argument print regress ( 5 , 10 , 3 ) # Use argument order print regress ( 5 , b = 3 ) # Specify the name to skip an optional argument In [ ]: # Function without return argument def divisible ( a , b ): if a % b : print str ( a ) + " is not divisible by " + str ( b ) else : print str ( a ) + " is divisible by " + str ( b ) divisible ( 9 , 3 ) res = divisible ( 9 , 2 ) print res In [ ]: # Function with multiple return arguments def add_diff ( a , b ): return a + b , a - b # Assigned as a tuple res = add_diff ( 5 , 3 ) print res # Directly unpacked to two variables a , d = add_diff ( 5 , 3 ) print a print d Objects ¶ Every variable in Python is actually an object. Objects bundle member variables with tightly connected member functions that (typically) use these member variables. Lists are a good example of this. In [ ]: my_list = [ 1 , False , 'boo' ] my_list . append ( 'extra element' ) my_list . remove ( False ) print my_list The member variables in this case just contain the information on the elements in the list. They are 'hidden' and not intended to be used directly - you manipulate the list through its member functions. The functions above are in-place methods, changing the original list directly, and returning None. This is not always the case. Some member functions, for instance in strings, do not modify the original object, but return a second, modified object instead. In [ ]: return_arg = my_list . append ( 'another one' ) print return_arg print my_list In [ ]: my_string = 'kumbaya, milord' return_arg = my_string . replace ( 'lord' , 'lard' ) print return_arg print my_string Do you remember why list functions are in-place, while string functions are not? Numpy ¶ Why we need Numpy ¶ While lists are great, they are not very suitable for scientific computing. Consider this example: In [ ]: subj_length = [ 180.0 , 165.0 , 190.0 , 172.0 , 156.0 ] subj_weight = [ 75.0 , 60.0 , 83.0 , 85.0 , 62.0 ] subj_bmi = [] # EXERCISE 1: Try to compute the BMI of each subject, as well as the average BMI across subjects # BMI = weight/(length/100)2 Clearly, this is clumsy. MATLAB users would expect something like this to work: In [ ]: subj_bmi = subj_weight / ( subj_length / 100 ) 2 mean_bmi = mean ( subj_bmi ) But it doesn't. / and ** are not defined for lists; nor does the mean() function exist. + and * are defined, but they mean something else. Do you remember what they do? The ndarray data type ¶ Enter Numpy, and its ndarray data type, allowing these elementwise computations on ordered sequences, and implementing a host of mathematical functions operating on them. Lists are converted to Numpy arrays through calling the np.array() constructor function, which takes a list and creates a new array object filled with the list's values. In [ ]: import numpy as np # Create a numpy array from a list subj_length = np . array ([ 180.0 , 165.0 , 190.0 , 172.0 , 156.0 ]) subj_weight = np . array ([ 75.0 , 60.0 , 83.0 , 85.0 , 62.0 ]) print type ( subj_length ), type ( subj_weight ) # EXERCISE 2: Try to complete the program now! # Hint: np.mean() computes the mean of a numpy array # Note that unlike MATLAB, Python does not need the '.' before elementwise operators Numpy is a very large package, that we can't possibly cover completely. But we will cover enough to get you started. shape and dtype ¶ The most basic characteristics of a Numpy array are its shape and the data type of its elements, or dtype. For those of you who have worked in MATLAB before, this should be familiar. In [ ]: # Multi-dimensional lists are just nested lists # This is clumsy to work with my_nested_list = [[ 1 , 2 , 3 ],[ 4 , 5 , 6 ]] print my_nested_list print len ( my_nested_list ) print my_nested_list [ 0 ] print len ( my_nested_list [ 0 ]) In [ ]: # Numpy arrays handle multidimensionality better arr = np . array ( my_nested_list ) print arr # nicer printing print arr . shape # direct access to all dimension sizes print arr . size # direct access to the total number of elements print arr . ndim # direct access to the number of dimensions The member variables shape and size contain the dimension lengths and the total number of elements, respectively, while ndim contains the number of dimensions. The shape is represented by a tuple, where the last dimension is the inner dimension representing the columns of a 2-D matrix. The first dimension is the top-level, outer dimension and represents the rows here. We could also make 3-D (or even higher-level) arrays: In [ ]: arr3d = np . array ([ [[ 1 , 2 , 3 ],[ 4 , 5 , 6 ]] , [[ 7 , 8 , 9 ],[ 10 , 11 , 12 ]] ]) print arr3d print arr3d . shape print arr3d . size print arr3d . ndim Now the last or inner dimension becomes the layer dimension. The inner lists of the constructor represent the values at that (row,column) coordinate of the various layers. Rows and columns remain the first two dimensions. Note how what we have here now, is three layers of two-by-two matrices. Not two layers of two-by-three matrices. This implies that dimension sizes are listed from low to high in the shape tuple. The second basic property of an array is its dtype . Contrary to list elements, numpy array elements are (typically) all of the same type. In [ ]: # The type of a numpy array is always... numpy.ndarray arr = np . array ([[ 1 , 2 , 3 ],[ 4 , 5 , 6 ]]) print type ( arr ) # So, let's do a computation print arr / 2 # Apparently we're doing our computations on integer elements! # How do we find out? print arr . dtype In [ ]: # And how do we fix this? arr = arr . astype ( 'float' ) # Note: this is not an in-place function! print arr . dtype print arr / 2 In [ ]: # Alternatively, we could have defined our dtype better from the start arr = np . array ([[ 1 , 2 , 3 ],[ 4 , 5 , 6 ]], dtype = 'float' ) print arr . dtype arr = np . array ([[ 1. , 2. , 3. ],[ 4. , 5. , 6. ]]) print arr . dtype To summarize, any numpy array is of the data type numpy.ndarray , but the data type of its elements can be set separately as its dtype member variable. It's a good idea to explicitly define the dtype when you create the array. Indexing and slicing ¶ The same indexing and slicing operations used on lists can also be used on Numpy arrays. It is possible to perform computations on slices directly. But pay attention - Numpy arrays must have an identical shape if you want to combine them. There are some exceptions though, the most common being scalar operands. In [ ]: arr = np . array ([[ 1 , 2 , 3 ],[ 4 , 5 , 6 ],[ 7 , 8 , 9 ]], dtype = 'float' ) # Indexing and slicing print arr [ 0 , 0 ] # or: arr[0][0] print arr [: - 1 , 0 ] In [ ]: # Elementwise computations on slices # Remember, the LAST dimension is the INNER dimension print arr [:, 0 ] * arr [:, 1 ] print arr [ 0 ,:] * arr [ 1 ,:] # Note that you could never slice across rows like this in a nested list! In [ ]: # This doesn't work # print arr[1:,0] * arr[:,1] # And here's why: print arr [ 1 :, 0 ] . shape , arr [:, 1 ] . shape In [ ]: # This however does work. You can always use scalars as the other operand. print arr [:, 0 ] * arr [ 2 , 2 ] # Or, similarly: print arr [:, 0 ] * 9. As an exercise , can you create a 2x3 array containing the column-wise and the row-wise means of the original matrix, respectively? Without using a for-loop. In [ ]: # EXERCISE 3: Create a 2x3 array containing the column-wise and the row-wise means of the original matrix # Do not use a for-loop, and also do not use the np.mean() function for now. arr = np . array ([[ 1 , 2 , 3 ],[ 4 , 5 , 6 ],[ 7 , 8 , 9 ]], dtype = 'float' ) This works, but it is still a bit clumsy. We will learn more efficient methods below. Filling and manipulating arrays ¶ Creating arrays mustn't always be done by hand. The following functions are particularly common. Again, they are analogous to what you do in MATLAB. In [ ]: # 1-D array, filled with zeros arr = np . zeros ( 3 ) print arr # Multidimensional array of a given shape, filled with ones # This automatically allows you to fill arrays with /any/ value arr = np . ones (( 3 , 2 )) * 5 print arr # Sequence from 1 to AND NOT including 16, in steps of 3 # Note that using a float input makes the dtype a float as well # This is equivalent to np.array(range(1.,16.,3)) arr = np . arange ( 1. , 16. , 3 ) print arr # Sequence from 1 to AND including 16, in 3 steps # This always returns an array with dtype float arr = np . linspace ( 1 , 16 , 3 ) print arr In [ ]: # Array of random numbers between 0 and 1, of a given shape # Note that the inputs here are separate integers, not a tuple arr = np . random . rand ( 5 , 2 ) print arr # Array of random integers from 0 to AND NOT including 10, of a given shape # Here the shape is defined as a tuple again arr = np . random . randint ( 0 , 10 ,( 5 , 2 )) print arr Once we have an array, we may wish to replicate it to create a larger array. Here the concept of an axis becomes important, i.e., along which of the dimensions of the array are you working? axis=0 corresponds to the first dimension of the shape tuple, axis=-1 always corresponds to the last dimension (inner dimension; columns in case of 2D, layers in case of 3D). In [ ]: arr0 = np . array ([[ 1 , 2 ],[ 3 , 4 ]]) print arr0 # 'repeat' replicates elements along a given axis # Each element is replicated directly after itself arr = np . repeat ( arr0 , 3 , axis =- 1 ) print arr # We may even specify the number of times each element should be repeated # The length of the tuple should correspond to the dimension length arr = np . repeat ( arr0 , ( 2 , 4 ), axis = 0 ) print arr In [ ]: print arr0 # 'tile' replicates the array as a whole # Use a tuple to specify the number of tilings along each dimensions arr = np . tile ( arr0 , ( 2 , 4 )) print arr In [ ]: # 'meshgrid' is commonly used to create X and Y coordinate arrays from two vectors # where each array contains the X or Y coordinates corresponding to a given pixel in an image x = np . arange ( 10 ) y = np . arange ( 5 ) print x , y arrx , arry = np . meshgrid ( x , y ) print arrx print arry Concatenating an array allows you to make several arrays into one. In [ ]: arr0 = np . array ([[ 1 , 2 ],[ 3 , 4 ]]) arr1 = np . array ([[ 5 , 6 ],[ 7 , 8 ]]) # 'concatenate' requires an axis to perform its operation on # The original arrays should be put in a tuple arr = np . concatenate (( arr0 , arr1 ), axis = 0 ) print arr # as new rows arr = np . concatenate (( arr0 , arr1 ), axis = 1 ) print arr # as new columns In [ ]: # Suppose we want to create a 3-D matrix from them, # we have to create them as being three-dimensional # (what happens if you don't?) arr0 = np . array ([[[ 1 ],[ 2 ]],[[ 3 ],[ 4 ]]]) arr1 = np . array ([[[ 5 ],[ 6 ]],[[ 7 ],[ 8 ]]]) print arr0 . shape , arr1 . shape arr = np . concatenate (( arr0 , arr1 ), axis = 2 ) print arr In [ ]: # hstack, vstack, and dstack are short-hand functions # which will automatically create these 'missing' dimensions arr0 = np . array ([[ 1 , 2 ],[ 3 , 4 ]]) arr1 = np . array ([[ 5 , 6 ],[ 7 , 8 ]]) # vstack() concatenates rows arr = np . vstack (( arr0 , arr1 )) print arr # hstack() concatenates columns arr = np . hstack (( arr0 , arr1 )) print arr # dstack() concatenates 2D arrays into 3D arrays arr = np . dstack (( arr0 , arr1 )) print arr In [ ]: # Their counterparts are the hsplit, vsplit, dsplit functions # They take a second argument: how do you want to split arr = np . random . rand ( 4 , 4 ) print arr print '--' # Splitting int equal parts arr0 , arr1 = hsplit ( arr , 2 ) print arr0 print arr1 print '--' # Or, specify exact split points arr0 , arr1 , arr2 = hsplit ( arr ,( 1 , 2 )) print arr0 print arr1 print arr2 Finally, we can easily reshape and transpose arrays In [ ]: arr0 = np . arange ( 10 ) print arr0 print '--' # 'reshape' does exactly what you would expect # Make sure though that the total number of elements remains the same arr = np . reshape ( arr0 ,( 5 , 2 )) print arr # You can also leave one dimension blank by using -1 as a value # Numpy will then compute for you how long this dimension should be arr = np . reshape ( arr0 ,( - 1 , 5 )) print arr print '--' # 'transpose' allows you to switch around dimensions # A tuple specifies the new order of dimensions arr = np . transpose ( arr ,( 1 , 0 )) print arr # For simply transposing rows and columns, there is the short-hand form .T arr = arr . T print arr print '--' # 'flatten' creates a 1D array out of everything arr = arr . flatten () print arr Time for an exercise! Can you write your own 'meshgrid3d' function, which returns the resulting 2D arrays as two layers of a 3D matrix, instead of two separate 2D arrays? In [ ]: # EXERCISE 4: Create your own meshgrid3d function # Like np.meshgrid(), it should take two vectors and replicate them; one into columns, the other into rows # Unlike np.meshgrid(), it should return them as a single 3D array rather than 2D arrays # ...do not use the np.meshgrid() function def meshgrid3d ( xvec , yvec ): # fill in! xvec = np . arange ( 10 ) yvec = np . arange ( 5 ) xy = meshgrid3d ( xvec , yvec ) print xy print xy [:,:, 0 ] # = first output of np.meshgrid() print xy [:,:, 1 ] # = second output of np.meshgrid() A few useful functions ¶ We can now handle arrays in any way we like, but we still don't know any operations to perform on them, other than the basic arithmetic operations. Luckily numpy implements a large collection of common computations. This is a very short review of some useful functions. In [ ]: arr = np . random . rand ( 5 ) print arr # Sorting and shuffling res = arr . sort () print arr # in-place!!! print res res = np . random . shuffle ( arr ) print arr # in-place!!! print res In [ ]: # Min, max, mean, standard deviation arr = np . random . rand ( 5 ) print arr mn = np . min ( arr ) mx = np . max ( arr ) print mn , mx mu = np . mean ( arr ) sigma = np . std ( arr ) print mu , sigma In [ ]: # Some functions allow you to specify an axis to work along, in case of multidimensional arrays arr2d = np . random . rand ( 3 , 5 ) print arr2d print np . mean ( arr2d , axis = 0 ) print np . mean ( arr2d , axis = 1 ) In [ ]: # Trigonometric functions # Note: Numpy works with radians units, not degrees arr = np . random . rand ( 5 ) print arr sn = np . sin ( arr * 2 * np . pi ) cs = np . cos ( arr * 2 * np . pi ) print sn print cs In [ ]: # Exponents and logarithms arr = np . random . rand ( 5 ) print arr xp = np . exp ( arr ) print xp print np . log ( xp ) In [ ]: # Rounding arr = np . random . rand ( 5 ) print arr print arr * 5 print np . round ( arr * 5 ) print np . floor ( arr * 5 ) print np . ceil ( arr * 5 ) A complete list of all numpy functions can be found at the Numpy website . Or, a google search for 'numpy tangens', 'numpy median' or similar will usually get you there as well. A small exercise ¶ Remember how you were asked to create a 2x3 array containing the column-wise and the row-wise means of a matrix above? We now have the knowledge to do this far shorter. Use a concatenation function and a statistical function to obtain the same thing! In [ ]: # EXERCISE 5: Make a better version of Exercise 3 with what you've just learned arr = np . array ([[ 1 , 2 , 3 ],[ 4 , 5 , 6 ],[ 7 , 8 , 9 ]], dtype = 'float' ) # What we had: print np . array ([( arr [:, 0 ] + arr [:, 1 ] + arr [:, 2 ]) / 3 ,( arr [ 0 ,:] + arr [ 1 ,:] + arr [ 2 ,:]) / 3 ]) # Now the new version: A bit harder: The Gabor ¶ A Gabor patch is the product of a sinusoidal grating and a Gaussian. If we ignore orientation and just create a vertically oriented Gabor, the grating luminance (bounded between -1 and 1) is created by: $grating = \sin(xf)$ where $x$ is the $x$ coordinate of a pixel, and $f$ is the frequency of the sine wave (how many peaks per $2 \pi$ coordinate units). A simple 2D Gaussian luminance profile (bounded between 0 and 1) with its peak at coordinate $(0,0)$ and a variance of $1$ is given by: $gaussian = e^{-(x^2+y^2)/2}$ where $x$ and $y$ are again the $x$ and $y$ coordinates of a pixel. The Gabor luminance (bounded between -1 and 1) for any pixel then equals: $gabor = grating \times gaussian$ To visualize this, these are the grating, the Gaussian, and the Gabor, respectively (at maximal contrast): Now you try to create a 100x100 pixel image of a Gabor. Use $x$ and $y$ coordinate values ranging from $-\pi$ to $\pi$, and a frequency of 10 for a good-looking result. In [ ]: # EXERCISE 6: Create a Gabor patch of 100 by 100 pixels import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # Step 1: Define the 1D coordinate values # Tip: use 100 equally spaced values between -np.pi and np.pi # Step 2: Create the 2D x and y coordinate arrays # Tip: use np.meshgrid() # Step 3: Create the grating # Tip: Use a frequency of 10 # Step 4: Create the Gaussian # Tip: use np.exp() to compute a power of e # Step 5: Create the Gabor # Visualize your result # (we will discuss how this works later) plt . figure ( figsize = ( 15 , 5 )) plt . subplot ( 131 ) plt . imshow ( grating , cmap = 'gray' ) plt . subplot ( 132 ) plt . imshow ( gaussian , cmap = 'gray' ) plt . subplot ( 133 ) plt . imshow ( gabor , cmap = 'gray' ) plt . show () Boolean indexing ¶ The dtype of a Numpy array can also be boolean, that is, True or False . It is then particularly convenient that given an array of the same shape, these boolean arrays can be used to index other arrays . In [ ]: # Check whether each element of a 2x2 array is greater than 0.5 arr = np . random . rand ( 2 , 2 ) print arr res = arr > 0.5 print res print '--' # Analogously, check it against each element of a second 2x2 array arr2 = np . random . rand ( 2 , 2 ) print arr2 res = arr > arr2 print res In [ ]: # We can use these boolean arrays as indices into other arrays! # Add 0.5 to any element smaller than 0.5 arr = np . random . rand ( 2 , 2 ) print arr res = arr < 0.5 print res arr [ res ] = arr [ res ] + 0.5 print arr # Or, shorter: arr [ arr < 0.5 ] = arr [ arr < 0.5 ] + 0.5 # Or, even shorter: arr [ arr < 0.5 ] += 0.5 While it is possible to do multiplication and addition on boolean values (this will convert them to ones and zeros), the proper way of doing elementwise boolean logic is to use boolean operators : and, or, xor, not . In [ ]: arr = np . array ([[ 1 , 2 , 3 ],[ 4 , 5 , 6 ]]) # The short-hand forms for elementwise boolean operators are: & \| ~ ^ # Use parentheses around such expressions res = ( arr < 4 ) & ( arr > 1 ) print res print '--' res = ( arr < 2 ) \| ( arr == 5 ) print res print '--' res = ( arr > 3 ) & ~ ( arr == 6 ) print res print '--' res = ( arr > 3 ) ^ ( arr < 5 ) print res In [ ]: # To convert boolean indices to normal integer indices, use the 'nonzero' function print res print np . nonzero ( res ) print '--' # Separate row and column indices print np . nonzero ( res )[ 0 ] print np . nonzero ( res )[ 1 ] print '--' # Or stack and transpose them to get index pairs pairs = np . vstack ( np . nonzero ( res )) . T print pairs Vectorizing a simulation ¶ Numpy is excellent at making programs that involve iterative operations more efficient. This then requires you to re-imagine the problem as an array of values, rather than values that change with each loop iteration. For instance, imagine the following situation: You throw a die continuously until you either encounter the sequence ‘123’ or ‘111’. Which one can be expected to occur sooner? This could be proven mathematically, but in practice it is often faster to do a simulation instead of working out an analytical solution. We could just use two nested for-loops: In [ ]: import numpy as np # We will keep track of the sum of first occurence positions, # as well as the number of positions entered into this sum. # This way we can compute the mean. sum111 = 0. n111 = 0. sum123 = 0. n123 = 0. for sim in range ( 5000 ): # Keep track of how far along we are in finding a given pattern d111 = 0 d123 = 0 for throw in range ( 2000 ): # Throw a die die = np . random . randint ( 1 , 7 ) # 111 case if d111 == 3 : pass elif die == 1 and d111 == 0 : d111 = 1 elif die == 1 and d111 == 1 : d111 = 2 elif die == 1 and d111 == 2 : d111 = 3 sum111 = sum111 + throw n111 = n111 + 1 else : d111 = 0 # 123 case if d123 == 3 : pass elif die == 1 : d123 = 1 elif die == 2 and d123 == 1 : d123 = 2 elif die == 3 and d123 == 2 : d123 = 3 sum123 = sum123 + throw n123 = n123 + 1 else : d123 = 0 # Don't continue if both have been found if d111 == 3 and d123 == 3 : break # Compute the averages avg111 = sum111 / n111 avg123 = sum123 / n123 print avg111 , avg123 # ...can you spot the crucial difference between both patterns? However this is inefficient and makes the code unwieldy. Vectorized solutions are usually preferred. Try to run these 5000 simulations using Numpy, without any loops , and see whether the result is the same. Use a maximal die-roll sequence length of 2000, and just assume that both '123' and '111' will occur before the end of any sequence. You will have to make use of 2D arrays and boolean logic. A quick solution to find the first occurence in a boolean array is to use argmax - use the only Numpy documentation to find out how to use it. Vectorizing problems is a crucial skill in scientific computing! In [ ]: # EXERCISE 7: Vectorize the above program # You get these lines for free... import numpy as np throws = np . random . randint ( 1 , 7 ,( 5000 , 2000 )) one = ( throws == 1 ) two = ( throws == 2 ) three = ( throws == 3 ) # Find out where all the 111 and 123 sequences occur find111 = find123 = # Then at what index they /first/ occur in each sequence first111 = first123 = # Compute the average first occurence location for both situations avg111 = avg123 = # Print the result print avg111 , avg123 In this particular example, the nested for-loop solution does have the advantage that it can 'break' out of the die throwing sequence when first occurences of both patterns have been found, whereas Numpy will always generate complete sequences of 2000 rolls. Remove the break statement in the first solution to see what the speed difference would have been if both programs were truly doing the same thing! PIL: the Python Imaging Library ¶ As vision scientists, images are a natural stimulus to work with. The Python Imaging Library will help us handle images, similar to the Image Processing toolbox in MATLAB. Note that PIL itself has nowadays been superseded by Pillow , for which an excellent documentation can be found here . The module to import is however still called 'PIL'. In practice, we will mostly use its Image module. In [ ]: from PIL import Image Loading and showing images ¶ The image we will use for this example code should be in the same directory as this file. But really, any color image will do, as long as you put it in the same directory as this notebook, and change the filename string in the code to correspond with the actual image filename. In [ ]: # Opening an image is simple enough: # Construct an Image object with the filename as an argument im = Image . open ( 'python.jpg' ) # It is now represented as an object of the 'JpegImageFile' type print im # There are some useful member variables we can inspect here print im . format # format in which the file was saved print im . size # pixel dimensions print im . mode # luminance/color model used # We can even display it # NOTE this is not perfect; meant for debugging im . show () If the im.show() call does not work well on your system, use this function instead to show images in a separate window. Note, you must always close the window before you can continue using the notebook. ( Tkinter is a package to write graphical user interfaces in Python, we will not discuss it here) In [ ]: # Alternative quick-show method from Tkinter import Tk , Button from PIL import ImageTk def alt_show ( im ): win = Tk () tkimg = ImageTk . PhotoImage ( im ) Button ( image = tkimg ) . pack () win . mainloop () alt_show ( im ) Once we have opened the image in PIL, we can convert it to a Numpy object. In [ ]: # We can convert PIL images to an ndarray! arr = np . array ( im ) print arr . dtype # uint8 = unsigned 8-bit integer (values 0-255 only) print arr . shape # Why do we have three layers? # Let's make it a float-type for doing computations arr = arr . astype ( 'float' ) print arr . dtype # This opens up unlimited possibilities for image processing! # For instance, let's make this a grayscale image, and add white noise max_noise = 50 arr = np . mean ( arr , - 1 ) noise = ( np . random . rand ( arr . shape [ 0 ], arr . shape [ 1 ]) - 0.5 ) * 2 arr = arr + noise * max_noise # Make sure we don't exceed the 0-255 limits of a uint8 arr [ arr < 0 ] = 0 arr [ arr > 255 ] = 255 The conversion back to PIL is easy as well In [ ]: # When going back to PIL, it's a good idea to explicitly # specify the right dtype and the mode. # Because automatic conversions might mess things up arr = arr . astype ( 'uint8' ) imn = Image . fromarray ( arr , mode = 'L' ) print imn . format print imn . size print imn . mode # L = greyscale imn . show () # or use alt_show() from above if show() doesn't work well for you # Note that /any/ 2D or 2Dx3 numpy array filled with values between 0 and 255 # can be converted to an image object in this way Resizing, rotating, cropping and converting ¶ The main operations of the PIL Image module you will probably use, are its resizing and conversion capabilities. In [ ]: im = Image . open ( 'python.jpg' ) # Make the image smaller ims = im . resize (( 800 , 600 )) ims . show () # Or you could even make it larger # The resample argument allows you to specify the method used iml = im . resize (( 1280 , 1024 ), resample = Image . BILINEAR ) iml . show () In [ ]: # Rotation is similar (unit=degrees) imr = im . rotate ( 10 , resample = Image . BILINEAR , expand = False ) imr . show () # If we want to lose the black corners, we can crop (unit=pixels) imr = imr . crop (( 100 , 100 , 924 , 668 )) imr . show () In [ ]: # 'convert' allows conversion between different color models # The most important here is between 'L' (luminance) and 'RGB' (color) imbw = im . convert ( 'L' ) imbw . show () print imbw . mode imrgb = imbw . convert ( 'RGB' ) imrgb . show () print imrgb . mode # Note that the grayscale conversion of PIL is more sophisticated # than simply averaging the three layers in Numpy (it is a weighted average) # Also note that the color information is effectively lost after converting to L Advanced ¶ The ImageFilter module implements several types of filters to execute on any image. You can also define your own. In [ ]: from PIL import Image , ImageFilter im = Image . open ( 'python.jpg' ) imbw = im . convert ( 'L' ) # Contour detection filter imf = imbw . filter ( ImageFilter . CONTOUR ) imf . show () # Blurring filter imf = imbw . filter ( ImageFilter . GaussianBlur ( radius = 3 )) imf . show () Similarly, you can import the ImageDraw module to draw shapes and text onto an image. In [ ]: from PIL import Image , ImageDraw im = Image . open ( 'python.jpg' ) # You need to attach a drawing object to the image first imd = ImageDraw . Draw ( im ) # Then you work on this object imd . rectangle ([ 10 , 10 , 100 , 100 ], fill = ( 255 , 0 , 0 )) imd . line ([( 200 , 200 ),( 200 , 600 )], width = 10 , fill = ( 0 , 0 , 255 )) imd . text ([ 500 , 500 ], 'Python' , fill = ( 0 , 255 , 0 )) # The results are automatically applied to the Image object im . show () Saving ¶ Finally, you can of course save these image objects back to a file on the disk. In [ ]: # PIL will figure out the file type by the extension im . save ( 'python.bmp' ) # There are also further options, like compression quality (0-100) im . save ( 'python_bad.jpg' , quality = 5 ) Exercise ¶ We mentioned that the conversion to grayscale in PIL is not just a simple averaging of the RGB layers. Can you visualize as an image what the difference in result looks like, when comparing a simple averaging to a PIL grayscale conversion? Pixels that are less luminant in the plain averaging method should be displayed in red, with a luminance depending on the size of the difference. Pixels that are more luminant when averaging in Numpy should similarly be displayed in green. Hint: you will have to make use of Boolean indexing. As an extra, try to maximize the contrast in your image, so that all values from 0-255 are used. As a second extra, save the result as PNG files of three different sizes (large, medium, small), at respectively the full image resolution, half of the image size, and a quarter of the image size. In [ ]: # EXERCISE 8: Visualize the difference between the PIL conversion to grayscale, and a simple averaging of RGB # Display pixels where the average is LESS luminant in red, and where it is MORE luminant in shades green # The luminance of these colors should correspond to the size of the difference # # Extra 1: Maximize the overall contrast in your image # # Extra 2: Save as three PNG files, of different sizes (large, medium, small) Matplotlib ¶ While PIL is useful for processing photographic images, it falls short for creating data plots and other kinds of schematic figures. Matplotlib offers a far more advanced solution for this, specifically through its pyplot module. Quick plots ¶ Common figures such as scatter plots, histograms and barcharts can be generated and manipulated very simply. In [ ]: import numpy as np from PIL import Image import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # As data for our plots, we will use the pixel values of the image # Open image, convert to an array im = Image . open ( 'python.jpg' ) im = im . resize (( 400 , 300 )) arr = np . array ( im , dtype = 'float' ) # Split the RGB layers and flatten them R , G , B = np . dsplit ( arr , 3 ) R = R . flatten () G = G . flatten () B = B . flatten () In [ ]: # QUICKPLOT 1: Correlation of luminances in the image # This works if you want to be very quick: # (xb means blue crosses, .g are green dots) plt . plot ( R , B , 'xb' ) plt . plot ( R , G , '.g' ) In [ ]: # However we will take a slightly more disciplined approach here # Note that Matplotlib wants colors expressed as 0-1 values instead of 0-255 # Create a square figure plt . figure ( figsize = ( 5 , 5 )) # Plot both scatter clouds # marker: self-explanatory # linestyle: 'None' because we want no line # color: RGB triplet with values 0-1 plt . plot ( R , B , marker = 'x' , linestyle = 'None' , color = ( 0 , 0 , 0.6 )) plt . plot ( R , G , marker = '.' , linestyle = 'None' , color = ( 0 , 0.35 , 0 )) # Make the axis scales equal, and name them plt . axis ([ 0 , 255 , 0 , 255 ]) plt . xlabel ( 'Red value' ) plt . ylabel ( 'Green/Blue value' ) # Show the result plt . show () In [ ]: # QUICKPLOT 2: Histogram of 'red' values in the image plt . hist ( R ) In [ ]: # ...and now a nicer version # Make a non-square figure plt . figure ( figsize = ( 7 , 5 )) # Make a histogram with 25 red bins # Here we simply use the abbreviation 'r' for red plt . hist ( R , bins = 25 , color = 'r' ) # Set the X axis limits and label plt . xlim ([ 0 , 255 ]) plt . xlabel ( 'Red value' , size = 16 ) # Remove the Y ticks and labels by setting them to an empty list plt . yticks ([]) # Remove the top ticks by specifying the 'top' argument plt . tick_params ( top = False ) # Add two vertical lines for the mean and the median plt . axvline ( np . mean ( R ), color = 'g' , linewidth = 3 , label = 'mean' ) plt . axvline ( np . median ( R ), color = 'b' , linewidth = 1 , linestyle = ':' , label = 'median' ) # Generate a legend based on the label= arguments plt . legend ( loc = 2 ) # Show the plot plt . show () In [ ]: # QUICKPLOT 3: Bar chart of mean+std of RGB values plt . bar ([ 0 , 1 , 2 ],[ np . mean ( R ), np . mean ( G ), np . mean ( B )], yerr = [ np . std ( R ), np . std ( G ), np . std ( B )]) In [ ]: # ...and now a nicer version # Make a non-square-figure plt . figure ( figsize = ( 7 , 5 )) # Plot the bars with various options # x location where bars start, y height of bars # yerr: data for error bars # width: width of the bars # color: surface color of bars # ecolor: color of error bars ('k' means black) plt . bar ([ 0 , 1 , 2 ], [ np . mean ( R ), np . mean ( G ), np . mean ( B )], yerr = [ np . std ( R ), np . std ( G ), np . std ( B )], width = 0.75 , color = [ 'r' , 'g' , 'b' ], ecolor = 'k' ) # Set the X-axis limits and tick labels plt . xlim (( - 0.25 , 3. )) plt . xticks ( np . array ([ 0 , 1 , 2 ]) + 0.75 / 2 , [ 'Red' , 'Green' , 'Blue' ], size = 16 ) # Remove all X-axis ticks by setting their length to 0 plt . tick_params ( length = 0 ) # Set a figure title plt . title ( 'RGB Color Channels' , size = 16 ) # Show the figure plt . show () A full documentation of all these pyplot commands and options can be found here . If you use Matplotlib, you will be consulting this page a lot! Saving to a file ¶ Saving to a file is easy enough, using the savefig() function. However, there are some caveats, depending on the exact environment you are using. You have to use it BEFORE calling plt.show() and, in case of this notebook, within the same codebox. The reason for this is that Matplotlib is automatically deciding for you which plot commands belong to the same figure based on these criteria. In [ ]: # So, copy-paste this line into the box above, before the plt.show() command plt . savefig ( 'bar.png' ) # There are some further formatting options possible, e.g. plt . savefig ( 'bar.svg' , dpi = 300 , bbox_inches = ( 'tight' ), pad_inches = ( 1 , 1 ), facecolor = ( 0.8 , 0.8 , 0.8 )) Visualizing arrays ¶ Like PIL, Matplotlib is capable of displaying the contents of 2D Numpy arrays. The primary method is imshow() In [ ]: # A simple grayscale luminance map # cmap: colormap used to display the values plt . figure ( figsize = ( 5 , 5 )) plt . imshow ( np . mean ( arr , 2 ), cmap = 'gray' ) plt . show () # Importantly and contrary to PIL, imshow luminances are by default relative # That is, the values are always rescaled to 0-255 first (maximum contrast) # Moreover, colormaps other than grayscale can be used plt . figure ( figsize = ( 5 , 5 )) plt . imshow ( np . mean ( arr , 2 ) + 100 , cmap = 'jet' ) # or hot, hsv, cool,... plt . show () # as you can see, adding 100 didn't make a difference here Multi-panel figures ¶ As we noted, Matplotlib is behind the scenes keeping track of what your current figure is. This is often convenient, but in some cases you want to keep explicit control of what figure you're working on. For this, we will have to make a distinction between Figure and Axes objects. In [ ]: # 'Figure' objects are returned by the plt.figure() command fig = plt . figure ( figsize = ( 7 , 5 )) print type ( fig ) # Axes objects are the /actual/ plots within the figure # Create them using the add_axes() method of the figure object # The input coordinates are relative (left, bottom, width, height) ax0 = fig . add_axes ([ 0.1 , 0.1 , 0.4 , 0.7 ], xlabel = 'The X Axis' ) ax1 = fig . add_axes ([ 0.2 , 0.2 , 0.5 , 0.2 ], axisbg = 'gray' ) ax2 = fig . add_axes ([ 0.4 , 0.5 , 0.4 , 0.4 ], projection = 'polar' ) print type ( ax0 ), type ( ax1 ), type ( ax2 ) # This allows you to execute functions like savefig() directly on the figure object # This resolves Matplotlib's confusion of what the current figure is, when using plt.savefig() fig . savefig ( 'fig.png' ) # It also allows you to add text to the figure as a whole, across the different axes objects fig . text ( 0.5 , 0.5 , 'splatter' , color = 'r' ) # The overall figure title can be set separate from the individual plot titles fig . suptitle ( 'What a mess' , size = 18 ) # show() is actually a figure method as well # It just gets 'forwarded' to what is thought to be the current figure if you use plt.show() fig . show () For a full list of the Figure methods and options, go here . In [ ]: # Create a new figure fig = plt . figure ( figsize = ( 15 , 10 )) # As we saw, many of the axes properties can already be set at their creation ax0 = fig . add_axes ([ 0. , 0. , 0.25 , 0.25 ], xticks = ( 0.1 , 0.5 , 0.9 ), xticklabels = ( 'one' , 'thro' , 'twee' )) ax1 = fig . add_axes ([ 0.3 , 0. , 0.25 , 0.25 ], xscale = 'log' , ylim = ( 0 , 0.5 )) ax2 = fig . add_axes ([ 0.6 , 0. , 0.25 , 0.25 ]) # Once you have the axes object though, there are further methods available # This includes many of the top-level pyplot functions # If you use for instance plt.plot(), Matplotlib is actually 'forwarding' this # to an Axes.plot() call on the current Axes object R . sort () G . sort () B . sort () ax2 . plot ( R , color = 'r' , linestyle = '-' , marker = 'None' ) # plot directly to an Axes object of choice plt . plot ( G , color = 'g' , linestyle = '-' , marker = 'None' ) # plt.plot() just plots to the last created Axes object ax2 . plot ( B , color = 'b' , linestyle = '-' , marker = 'None' ) # Other top-level pyplot functions are simply renamed to 'set_' functions here ax1 . set_xticks ([]) plt . yticks ([]) # Show the figure fig . show () The full methods and options of Axes can be found here . Clearly, when making a multi-panel figure, we are actually creating a single Figure object with multiple Axes objects attached to it. Having to set the Axes sizes manually is annoying though. Luckily, the subplot() method can handle much of this automatically. In [ ]: # Create a new figure fig = plt . figure ( figsize = ( 15 , 5 )) # Specify the LAYOUT of the subplots (rows,columns) # as well as the CURRENT Axes you want to work on ax0 = fig . add_subplot ( 231 ) # Equivalent top-level call on the current figure # It is also possible to create several subplots at once using plt.subplots() ax1 = plt . subplot ( 232 ) # Optional arguments are similar to those of add_axes() ax2 = fig . add_subplot ( 233 , title = 'three' ) # We can use these Axes object as before ax3 = fig . add_subplot ( 234 ) ax3 . plot ( R , 'r-' ) ax3 . set_xticks ([]) ax3 . set_yticks ([]) # We skipped the fifth subplot, and create only the 6th ax5 = fig . add_subplot ( 236 , projection = 'polar' ) # We can adjust the spacings afterwards fig . subplots_adjust ( hspace = 0.4 ) # And even make room in the figure for a plot that doesn't fit the grid fig . subplots_adjust ( right = 0.5 ) ax6 = fig . add_axes ([ 0.55 , 0.1 , 0.3 , 0.8 ]) # Show the figure fig . show () Exercise: Function plots ¶ Create a figure with a 2:1 aspect ratio, containing two subplots, one above the other. The TOP figure should plot one full cycle of a sine wave, that is $y=sin(x)$. Use $0$ to $2\pi$ as values on the X axis. On the same scale, the BOTTOM figure should plot $y=sin(x^2)$ instead. Tweak your figure until you think it looks good. In [ ]: # EXERCISE 9: Plot y=sin(x) and y=sin(x^2) in two separate subplots, one above the other # Let x range from 0 to 2pi Finer figure control ¶ If you are not satisfied with the output of these general plotting functions, despite all the options they offer, you can start fiddling with the details manually. First, many figure elements can be manually added through top-level or Axes functions: In [ ]: # This uses the result of the exercise above # You have to copy-paste it into the same code-box, before the fig.show() # Add horizontal lines ax0 . axhline ( 0 , color = 'g' ) ax0 . axhline ( 0.5 , color = 'gray' , linestyle = ':' ) ax0 . axhline ( - 0.5 , color = 'gray' , linestyle = ':' ) ax1 . axhline ( 0 , color = 'g' ) ax1 . axhline ( 0.5 , color = 'gray' , linestyle = ':' ) ax1 . axhline ( - 0.5 , color = 'gray' , linestyle = ':' ) # Add text to the plots ax0 . text ( 0.1 , - 0.9 , '$y = sin(x)$' , size = 16 ) # math mode for proper formula formatting! ax1 . text ( 0.1 , - 0.9 , '$y = sin(x^2)$' , size = 16 ) # Annotate certain points with a value for x_an in np . linspace ( 0 , 2 np . pi , 9 ): ax0 . annotate ( str ( round ( sin ( x_an ), 2 )),( x_an , sin ( x_an ))) # Add an arrow (x,y,xlength,ylength) ax0 . arrow ( np . pi - 0.5 , - 0.5 , 0.5 , 0.5 , head_width = 0.1 , length_includes_head = True ) Second, all basic elements like lines, polygons and the individual axis lines are customizable objects in their own right , attached to a specific Axes object. They can be retrieved, manipulated, created from scratch, and added to existing Axes objects. In [ ]: # This uses the result of the exercise above # You have to copy-paste it into the same code-box, before the fig.show() # For instance, fetch the X axis # XAxis objects have their own methods xax = ax1 . get_xaxis () print type ( xax ) # These methods allow you to fetch the even smaller building blocks # For instance, tick-lines are Line2D objects attached to the XAxis xaxt = xax . get_majorticklines () print len ( xaxt ) # Of which you can fetch AND change the properties # Here we change just one tickline into a cross print xaxt [ 6 ] . get_color () xaxt [ 6 ] . set_color ( 'g' ) xaxt [ 6 ] . set_marker ( 'x' ) xaxt [ 6 ] . set_markersize ( 10 ) In [ ]: # This uses the result of the exercise above # You have to copy-paste it into the same code-box, before the fig.show() # Another example: fetch the lines in the plot # Change the color, change the marker, and mark only every 100 points for one specific line ln = ax0 . get_lines () print ln ln [ 0 ] . set_color ( 'g' ) ln [ 0 ] . set_marker ( 'o' ) ln [ 0 ] . set_markerfacecolor ( 'b' ) ln [ 0 ] . set_markevery ( 100 ) # Finally, let's create a graphic element from scratch, that is not available as a top-level pyplot function # And then attach it to existing Axes # NOTE: we need to import something before we can create the ellipse like this. What should we import? ell = matplotlib . patches . Ellipse (( np . pi , 0 ), 1. , 1. , color = 'r' ) ax0 . add_artist ( ell ) ell . set_hatch ( '//' ) ell . set_edgecolor ( 'black' ) ell . set_facecolor (( 0.9 , 0.9 , 0.9 )) Exercise: Add regression lines ¶ Take the scatterplot from the first example, and manually add a regression line to both the R-G and the R-B comparisons. Try not to use the plot() function for the regression line, but manually create a Line2D object instead, and attach it to the Axes. Useful functions: np.polyfit(x,y,1) performs a linear regression, returning slope and constant plt.gca() retrieves the current Axes object matplotlib.lines.Line2D(x,y) can create a new Line2D object from x and y coordinate vectors In [ ]: # EXERCISE 10: Add regression lines import numpy as np from PIL import Image import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib.lines as lines # Open image, convert to an array im = Image . open ( 'python.jpg' ) im = im . resize (( 400 , 300 )) arr = np . array ( im , dtype = 'float' ) # Split the RGB layers and flatten them R , G , B = np . dsplit ( arr , 3 ) R = R . flatten () G = G . flatten () B = B . flatten () # Do the plotting plt . figure ( figsize = ( 5 , 5 )) plt . plot ( R , B , marker = 'x' , linestyle = 'None' , color = ( 0 , 0 , 0.6 )) plt . plot ( R , G , marker = '.' , linestyle = 'None' , color = ( 0 , 0.35 , 0 )) # Tweak the plot plt . axis ([ 0 , 255 , 0 , 255 ]) plt . xlabel ( 'Red value' ) plt . ylabel ( 'Green/Blue value' ) # Fill in your code... # Show the result plt . show () Scipy ¶ Scipy is a large library of scientific functions, covering for instance numerical integration, linear algebra, Fourier transforms, and interpolation algorithms. If you can't find the equivalent of your favorite MATLAB function in any of the previous three packages, Scipy is a good place to look. A full list of all submodules can be found here . We will pick two useful modules from SciPy: stats and fftpack I will not give a lot of explanation here. I'll leave it up to you to navigate through the documentation, and find out how these functions work. Statistics ¶ In [ ]: import numpy as np import scipy.stats as stats # Generate random numbers between 0 and 1 data = np . random . rand ( 30 ) # Do a t-test with a H0 for the mean of 0.4 t , p = stats . ttest_1samp ( data , 0.4 ) print p # Generate another sample of random numbers, with mean 0.4 data2 = np . random . rand ( 30 ) - 0.1 # Do a t-test that these have the same mean t , p = stats . ttest_ind ( data , data2 ) print p In [ ]: import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import scipy.stats as stats # Simulate the size of the F statistic when comparing three conditions # Given a constant n, and an increasing true effect size. true_effect = np . linspace ( 0 , 0.5 , 500 ) n = 100 Fres = [] # Draw random normally distributed samples for each condition, and do a one-way ANOVA for eff in true_effect : c1 = stats . norm . rvs ( 0 , 1 , size = n ) c2 = stats . norm . rvs ( eff , 1 , size = n ) c3 = stats . norm . rvs ( 2 * eff , 1 , size = n ) F , p = stats . f_oneway ( c1 , c2 , c3 ) Fres . append ( F ) # Create the plot plt . figure () plt . plot ( true_effect , Fres , 'r-' ) plt . xlabel ( 'True Effect' ) plt . ylabel ( 'F' ) plt . show () In [ ]: import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import scipy.stats as stats # Compute the pdf and cdf of normal distributions, with increasing sd's # Then plot them in different colors # (of course, many other distributions are also available) x = np . linspace ( - 5 , 5 , 1000 ) sds = np . linspace ( 0.25 , 2.5 , 10 ) cols = np . linspace ( 0.15 , 0.85 , 10 ) # Create the figure fig = plt . figure ( figsize = ( 10 , 5 )) ax0 = fig . add_subplot ( 121 ) ax1 = fig . add_subplot ( 122 ) # Compute the densities, and plot them for i , sd in enumerate ( sds ): y1 = stats . norm . pdf ( x , 0 , sd ) y2 = stats . norm . cdf ( x , 0 , sd ) ax0 . plot ( x , y1 , color = cols [ i ] np . array ([ 1 , 0 , 0 ])) ax1 . plot ( x , y2 , color = cols [ i ] * np . array ([ 0 , 1 , 0 ])) # Show the figure plt . show () The stats module of SciPy contains more statistical distributions and further tests such as a Kruskall-Wallis test, Wilcoxon test, a Chi-Square test, a test for normality, and so forth. A full listing of functions is found here . For serious statistical models however, you should be looking at the statsmodels package, or the rpy interfacing package, allowing R to be called from within Python. Fast Fourier Transform ¶ FFT is commonly used to process or analyze images (as well as sound). Numpy has a FFT package, numpy.fft , but SciPy has its own set of functions as well in scipy.fftpack . Both are very similar, you can use whichever package you like. I will assume that you are familiar with the basic underlying theory. That is, that any periodic function can be described as a sum of sine-waves of different frequencies, amplitudes and phases. A Fast Fourier Transform allows you to do this very quickly for equally spaced samples from the function, returning a finite set of sinusoidal components with n equal to the number of samples, ordered by frequency. Let's do this for a simple 1D function. In [ ]: import numpy as np import scipy.fftpack as fft # The original data: a step function data = np . zeros ( 200 , dtype = 'float' ) data [ 25 : 100 ] = 1 # Decompose into sinusoidal components # The result is a series of complex numbers as long as the data itself res = fft . fft ( data ) # FREQUENCY is implied by the ordering, but can be retrieved as well # It increases from 0 to the Nyquist frequency (0.5), followed by its reversed negative counterpart # Note: in case of real input data, the FFT results will be	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/networking-and-content-delivery/category/networking-content-delivery/aws-transit-gateway/	AWS Transit Gateway \| Networking & Content Delivery Skip to Main Content Filter: All English Contact us AWS Marketplace Support My account Search Filter: All Sign in to console Create account AWS Blogs Home Blogs Editions Networking & Content Delivery Category: AWS Transit Gateway Implementing consistent DNS Query Logging with Amazon Route 53 Profiles by Aanchal Agrawal and Anushree Shetty on 05 JAN 2026 in Amazon Route 53 , AWS Transit Gateway , Intermediate (200) , Networking & Content Delivery , Resource Access Manager (RAM) , Security, Identity, & Compliance Permalink Share Managing DNS query logging across multiple Amazon Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs) has long been a significant challenge for enterprise teams. The traditional approach required manual configuration of DNS query logging for each VPC individually, creating a cascade of operational problems. This fragmented process led to inconsistent implementation across different environments, compliance gaps due to missed […] Rivian’s proactive approach to identify unrouteable traffic with AWS Transit Gateway Flow Logs by Hardik Shah , Drēm Darios (Guest) , and Peter Dachnowicz on 12 DEC 2025 in AWS Transit Gateway , Networking & Content Delivery , Technical How-to Permalink Share Discover how Rivian optimized network visibility using AWS Transit Gateway Flow Logs. Their innovative solution proactively identifies unrouteable traffic in multi-region & multi-account AWS environments, transforming reactive monitoring into automated detection. Learn how they reduced troubleshooting time and enhanced collaboration between app and network teams using server-less architecture. 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Providing context-driven exposure insights across the entire attack […] Introducing Flexible Cost Allocation for AWS Transit Gateway by Thaddeus Worsnop and Alin Scurtu on 21 NOV 2025 in Announcements , AWS Transit Gateway , Networking & Content Delivery , Technical How-to Permalink Share Today AWS announced Flexible Cost Allocation (FCA) for AWS Transit Gateway, a capability that gives you granular control over how Transit Gateway data processing costs are allocated across AWS accounts, including member accounts within AWS Organizations. With FCA, you configure metering policies for your Transit Gateway that allows you the flexibility to allocate charges to […] Building a high-performance exchange market data broadcasting platform on AWS by Abhishek Sarolia and Avanish Yadav on 24 SEP 2025 in Amazon ElastiCache , Amazon RDS , AWS Direct Connect , AWS Transit Gateway , Best Practices , Customer Solutions , Database , Networking & Content Delivery , RDS for PostgreSQL Permalink Share This is a joint post co-authored with Abhishek Chawla, Chief Product and Technology Officer; Kartik Manimuthu, Director of Cloud Engineering; and Digvijay, Director of Application Engineering at SMC Global Securities Ltd. SMC Global Securities Ltd. (SMC), established in 1990, is a leading Indian financial services company providing trading, wealth advisory, and financial product distribution services […] Redirecting internet bound traffic through a transparent forward proxy by Vijay Menon on 08 SEP 2025 in Amazon VPC , AWS Transit Gateway , AWS Transit Gateway network manager , Networking & Content Delivery Permalink Share Centralized egress is the principle of using a single, common inspection point for all network traffic destined for the internet. This approach is beneficial from a security perspective because it limits exposure to externally accessible malicious resources, such as malware command and control (C&C) infrastructure. This inspection is generally done by a firewall like AWS […] Best Practices to Optimize Failover Times for Overlay Tunnels on AWS Direct Connect by Pavlos Kaimakis and Azeem on 21 AUG 2025 in AWS Direct Connect , AWS Site-to-Site VPN , AWS Transit Gateway Permalink Share Introduction Optimized failover times in hybrid connectivity are critical for meeting availability Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in modern enterprise workloads. This is particularly important when implementing overlay tunnels over Amazon Web Services (AWS) Direct Connect, such as AWS Site-to-Site VPN using IPSec tunnels, or Connect Attachments using Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) tunnels. Proper configuration can […] Using CloudWatch Alarms and Lambda to catch exceptional traffic by Andrew Gray on 18 AUG 2025 in AWS Lambda , AWS Transit Gateway network manager , Networking & Content Delivery Permalink Share Have you ever wondered, “Why did I have this sudden increase in network traffic?” AWS Transit Gateway Flow Logs are a great resource for answering this, but running them continuously can incur processing and storage costs that you don’t need. However, if Flow Logs are run on demand, the traffic anomaly may have already passed […] Using generative AI for building AWS networks by Tushar Jagdale , Brian Lauer , and Sohaib Tahir on 01 AUG 2025 in Amazon Bedrock , Amazon Q Developer , Amazon VPC Lattice , Architecture , AWS Cloud WAN , AWS Transit Gateway , Generative AI , Technical How-to , Thought Leadership Permalink Share In today’s rapidly evolving cloud landscape, network architects, engineers, and cloud teams need to move faster to design, deploy, and manage complex Amazon Web Services (AWS) networking infrastructure at scale. The emergence of generative AI capabilities, particularly Amazon Bedrock and Amazon Q, offers unprecedented opportunities to transform how we approach these challenges and solve them […] Performance and metrics enhancements for AWS Transit Gateway and AWS Cloud WAN by Tushar Jagdale and Andrew Troup on 12 MAY 2025 in Announcements , AWS Cloud WAN , AWS Transit Gateway , Best Practices , Networking & Content Delivery Permalink Share In late 2024 we launched several enhancements to AWS Transit Gateway and AWS Cloud WAN services: Path MTU Discovery (PMTUD) support for Transit Gateway and AWS Cloud WAN Appliance Mode Routing Enhancement for improved Availability Zone (AZ) awareness Per-AZ Amazon CloudWatch Metrics AWS Cloud WAN: Service Insertion Operational Enhancement In this post, we explain how […] ← Older posts Create an AWS account Learn What Is AWS? What Is Cloud Computing? What Is Agentic AI? 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https://llvm.org/doxygen/classPODSmallVector.html#ac5d6d7c223fa5a61d5e21517eece4f4d	LLVM: PODSmallVector< T, N > Class Template Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Member Functions \| List of all members PODSmallVector< T, N > Class Template Reference #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inheritance diagram for PODSmallVector< T, N >: This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead. [ legend ] Public Member Functions   PODSmallVector ()   PODSmallVector ( const PODSmallVector &)=delete PODSmallVector &  operator= ( const PODSmallVector &)=delete   PODSmallVector ( PODSmallVector &&Other) PODSmallVector &  operator= ( PODSmallVector &&Other) void  push_back ( const T &Elem) void  pop_back () void  shrinkToSize (size_t Index) T *  begin () T *  end () bool   empty () const size_t  size () const T &  back () T &  operator[] (size_t Index) void  clear ()   ~PODSmallVector () Detailed Description template<class T , size_t N> class PODSmallVector< T, N > Definition at line 41 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  PODSmallVector() [1/3] template<class T , size_t N> PODSmallVector < T , N > ::PODSmallVector ( ) inline Definition at line 77 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  PODSmallVector() [2/3] template<class T , size_t N> PODSmallVector < T , N > ::PODSmallVector ( const PODSmallVector < T , N > & ) delete ◆  PODSmallVector() [3/3] template<class T , size_t N> PODSmallVector < T , N > ::PODSmallVector ( PODSmallVector < T , N > && Other ) inline Definition at line 82 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  ~PODSmallVector() template<class T , size_t N> PODSmallVector < T , N >::~ PODSmallVector ( ) inline Definition at line 156 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Member Function Documentation ◆  back() template<class T , size_t N> T & PODSmallVector < T , N >::back ( ) inline Definition at line 146 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  begin() template<class T , size_t N> T * PODSmallVector < T , N >::begin ( ) inline Definition at line 141 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::operator[]() . ◆  clear() template<class T , size_t N> void PODSmallVector < T , N >::clear ( ) inline Definition at line 154 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  empty() template<class T , size_t N> bool PODSmallVector < T , N >::empty ( ) const inline Definition at line 144 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  end() template<class T , size_t N> T PODSmallVector < T , N >::end ( ) inline Definition at line 142 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  operator=() [1/2] template<class T , size_t N> PODSmallVector & PODSmallVector < T , N >::operator= ( const PODSmallVector < T , N > & ) delete ◆  operator=() [2/2] template<class T , size_t N> PODSmallVector & PODSmallVector < T , N >::operator= ( PODSmallVector < T , N > && Other ) inline Definition at line 96 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  operator[]() template<class T , size_t N> T & PODSmallVector < T , N >::operator[] ( size_t Index ) inline Definition at line 150 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  pop_back() template<class T , size_t N> void PODSmallVector < T , N >::pop_back ( ) inline Definition at line 131 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  push_back() template<class T , size_t N> void PODSmallVector < T , N >::push_back ( const T & Elem ) inline Definition at line 124 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParamDecl() . ◆  shrinkToSize() template<class T , size_t N> void PODSmallVector < T , N >::shrinkToSize ( size_t Index ) inline Definition at line 136 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  size() template<class T , size_t N> size_t PODSmallVector < T , N >::size ( ) const inline Definition at line 145 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Referenced by PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::operator[]() , PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::push_back() , and PODSmallVector< Node *, 8 >::shrinkToSize() . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.sqlite.org/download.html	SQLite Download Page Small. Fast. Reliable. Choose any three. Home Menu About Documentation Download License Support Purchase Search About Documentation Download Support Purchase Search Documentation Search Changelog SQLite Download Page Source Code sqlite-src-3510200.zip (13.54 MiB) Complete canonical source tree for SQLite version 3.51.2, include test cases and extensions. This is a snapshot of all code under version control at the time of release. This is the urtext. All of the other source code bundles shown below are derived from this one. (SHA3-256: e436bb919850445ce5168fb033d2d0d5c53a9d8c9602c7fa62b3e0025541d481) sqlite-amalgamation-3510200.zip (2.74 MiB) C source code as an amalgamation , version 3.51.2. (SHA3-256: 9a9dd4eef7a97809bfacd84a7db5080a5c0eff7aaf1fc1aca20a6dc9a0c26f96) sqlite-autoconf-3510200.tar.gz (3.06 MiB) C source code as an amalgamation . Also includes a "configure" script. 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After installing them on your $PATH, you will need to run a command like the following to get them to work: &emsp;&emsp; xattr -d com.apple.quarantine <prog> (SHA3-256: 273a53d3779c5a18a2d20c838ba08bd1e1b93c086a5079424d5d5058a7dda120) Precompiled Binaries for Windows sqlite-dll-win-arm64-3510200.zip (1.03 MiB) DLL for Windows ARM64, SQLite version 3.51.2. (SHA3-256: 28369c15e1ab475c1f54570a17474a9e1028bd25405893e78dcdc399b1ee2a78) sqlite-dll-win-x64-3510200.zip (1.19 MiB) DLL for Windows x64, SQLite version 3.51.2. (SHA3-256: d86617e984fc1d8163fb6e2bf363d9b674a35eecee2c0998dcd963817c5dae96) sqlite-dll-win-x86-3510200.zip (1.03 MiB) DLL for Windows x86 (32-bit), SQLite version 3.51.2. (SHA3-256: eb3d2bebc75707c283c7211aabb36826d46f5c1e71665ca430688dbc50e30938) sqlite-tools-win-arm64-3510200.zip (5.29 MiB) Command-line tools for Windows ARM64, including (1) the command-line shell , (2) sqldiff.exe , (3) sqlite3_analyzer.exe , and (4) sqlite3_rsync.exe . (SHA3-256: 1b8b8c83cfeddef0a9991028225d74bc6c904dda05284f2237bd270c2465c1a1) sqlite-tools-win-x64-3510200.zip (5.98 MiB) Command-line tools for Windows x64, including (1) the command-line shell , (2) sqldiff.exe , (3) sqlite3_analyzer.exe , and (4) sqlite3_rsync.exe . (SHA3-256: d8f6cbab468c0b7a60fb7c1ebbeb1d14ffda25336d9295473c218532266e85d9) WebAssembly & JavaScript sqlite-wasm-3510200.zip (664.04 KiB) A precompiled bundle of sqlite3.wasm and its JavaScript APIs, ready for use in web applications. (SHA3-256: 0669d73f3dc7c505c24e75a26b35e19a205a3d0db93618e31eec376cc41a32f5) Precompiled Binaries for .NET → See the System.Data.SQLite.org website Build Product Names and Info Build products are named using one of the following templates: sqlite- product - version .zip sqlite- product - version .tar.gz sqlite- product - os - cpu - version .zip sqlite- product - date .zip Templates (1) and (2) are used for source-code products. 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The PRODUCT column is a constant value ("PRODUCT") for convenient regular expression matching. Other columns are self-explanatory. This format will remain stable except for possible new columns appended to the right of older columns. Source Code Repositories The SQLite source code is maintained in three geographically-dispersed self-synchronizing Fossil repositories that are available for anonymous read-only access. Anyone can view the repository contents and download historical versions of individual files or ZIP archives of historical check-ins. You can also clone the entire repository . See the How To Compile SQLite page for additional information on how to use the raw SQLite source code. Note that a recent version of Tcl is required in order to build from the repository sources. The amalgamation source code files (the "sqlite3.c" and "sqlite3.h" files) build products and are not contained in raw source code tree. https://sqlite.org/src (Dallas) https://www2.sqlite.org/src (Newark) https://www3.sqlite.org/src (San Francisco) There is a GitHub mirror at https://github.com/sqlite/sqlite/ The documentation is maintained in separate Fossil repositories located at: https://sqlite.org/docsrc (Dallas) https://www2.sqlite.org/docsrc (Newark) https://www3.sqlite.org/docsrc (San Francisco)	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/manual/ru/function.crc32.php	PHP: crc32 - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box crypt » « count_chars Руководство по PHP Справочник функций Обработка текста Строки Функции для работы со строками Язык: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other crc32 (PHP 4 >= 4.0.1, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) crc32 — Вычисляет полином CRC32 для строки Описание crc32 ( string $string ): int Функция вычисляет циклический избыточный код 32-битных полиномов (CRC32) для строки string . Это обычно используется для контроля целостности передаваемых данных. Внимание В PHP целые числа имеют знак, поэтому многие контрольные суммы могут оказаться отрицательными на 32-битных платформах. На 64-битных платформах все результаты crc32() будут положительными целыми. Поэтому вам нужно использовать формат "%u" в функциях sprintf() или printf() для получения строкового представления суммы crc32() без знака. Для шестнадцатеричного представления суммы вы можете использовать или формат "%x" в функциях sprintf() и printf() , или же функцию конвертации dechex() . Оба этих способа также позаботятся о конвертации результата crc32() в беззнаковое целое. При использовании 64-битных платформ также рассматривалась возможность возвращать отрицательные целые для больших значений, но это ломало шестнадцатеричное представление, добавляя дополнительные 0xFFFFFFFF######## смещения для них. Так как шестнадцатеричное представление является самым востребованным, было решено не ломать его, даже если это ломает прямое сравнение десятичных значений в 50% случаев при переходе с 32-битных на 64-битные платформы. Оглядываясь назад, возможно возвращать целое число было не самой лучшей идеей и лучше было возвращать сразу шестнадцатеричное представление (как например делает md5() ). Можно воспользоваться также более общим решением с использованием функции hash() . hash("crc32b", $str) вернёт ту же строку, что и str_pad(dechex(crc32($str)), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT) . Список параметров string Данные. Возвращаемые значения Возвращает контрольную сумму crc32 строки string в виде целого числа. Примеры Пример #1 Вывод контрольной суммы CRC32 Этот пример иллюстрирует вывод вычисленной контрольной суммы с помощью функции printf() : <?php $checksum = crc32 ( "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog." ); printf ( "%u\n" , $checksum ); ?> Смотрите также hash() - Генерирует хеш-значение (подпись сообщения) md5() - Возвращает MD5-хеш строки sha1() - Возвращает SHA1-хеш строки Нашли ошибку? Инструкция • Исправление • Сообщение об ошибке ＋ Добавить Примечания пользователей 22 notes up down 24 jian at theorchard dot com ¶ 15 years ago This function returns an unsigned integer from a 64-bit Linux platform. It does return the signed integer from other 32-bit platforms even a 64-bit Windows one. The reason is because the two constants PHP_INT_SIZE and PHP_INT_MAX have different values on the 64-bit Linux platform. I've created a work-around function to handle this situation. <?php function get_signed_int ( $in ) { $int_max = pow ( 2 , 31 )- 1 ; if ( $in > $int_max ){ $out = $in - $int_max * 2 - 2 ; } else { $out = $in ; } return $out ; } ?> Hope this helps. up down 12 i at morfi dot ru ¶ 12 years ago Implementation crc64() in php 64bit <?php /** * @return array / function crc64Table () { $crc64tab = []; // ECMA polynomial $poly64rev = ( 0xC96C5795 << 32 ) \| 0xD7870F42 ; // ISO polynomial // $poly64rev = (0xD8 << 56); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { for ( $part = $i , $bit = 0 ; $bit < 8 ; $bit ++) { if ( $part & 1 ) { $part = (( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 )) ^ $poly64rev ; } else { $part = ( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 ); } } $crc64tab [ $i ] = $part ; } return $crc64tab ; } /* * @param string $string * @param string $format * @return mixed * * Formats: * crc64('php'); // afe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%x'); // 0xafe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%X'); // 0xAFE4E823E7CEF190 * crc64('php', '%d'); // -5772233581471534704 signed int * crc64('php', '%u'); // 12674510492238016912 unsigned int / function crc64 ( $string , $format = '%x' ) { static $crc64tab ; if ( $crc64tab === null ) { $crc64tab = crc64Table (); } $crc = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $string ); $i ++) { $crc = $crc64tab [( $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $i ])) & 0xff ] ^ (( $crc >> 8 ) & ~( 0xff << 56 )); } return sprintf ( $format , $crc ); } up down 10 JS at JavsSys dot Org ¶ 12 years ago The khash() function by sukitsupaluk has two problems, it does not use all 62 characters from the $map set and when corrected it then produces different results on 64-bit compared to 32-bit PHP systems. Here is my modified version : <?php /* * Small sample convert crc32 to character map * Based upon http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.crc32.php#105703 * (Modified to now use all characters from $map) * (Modified to be 32-bit PHP safe) / function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = bcadd ( sprintf ( '%u' , crc32 ( $data )) , 0x100000000 ); $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ bcmod ( $hash , 62 ) ] . $str ; $hash = bcdiv ( $hash , 62 ); } while ( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $test = array( null , true , false , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" , "248840027" , "1365848013" , // time() "9223372035488927794" , // PHP_INT_MAX-time() "901131979" , // mt_rand() "Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" // gmdate('r') ); $out = array(); foreach ( $test as $s ) { $out [] = khash ( $s ) . ": " . $s ; } print "<h3>khash() -- maps a crc32 result into a (62-character) result</h3>" ; print '<pre>' ; var_dump ( $out ); print "\n\n\$GLOBALS['raw_crc32']:\n" ; var_dump ( $GLOBALS [ 'raw_crc32' ]); print '</pre><hr>' ; flush (); $pefile = __FILE__ ; print "<h3> $pefile </h3>" ; ob_end_flush (); flush (); highlight_file ( $pefile ); print "<hr>" ; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- / CURRENT output array(19) { [0]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [1]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [2]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [3]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [4]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [5]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [6]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [7]=> string(9) "5b8iNn: 2" [8]=> string(9) "6HmfFN: 3" [9]=> string(10) "7ADPD7: ab" [10]=> string(11) "5F0aUq: abc" [11]=> string(12) "92kWw9: abcd" [12]=> string(13) "78hcpf: abcde" [13]=> string(16) "9eBVPB: abcdefoo" [14]=> string(17) "5TjOuZ: 248840027" [15]=> string(18) "5eNliI: 1365848013" [16]=> string(27) "4Q00e5: 9223372035488927794" [17]=> string(17) "6DUX8V: 901131979" [18]=> string(39) "5i2aOW: Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" } / //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?> up down 10 Bulk at bulksplace dot com ¶ 20 years ago A faster way I've found to return CRC values of larger files, is instead of using the file()/implode() method used below, is to us file_get_contents() (PHP 4 >= 4.3.0) which uses memory mapping techniques if supported by your OS to enhance performance. Here's my example function: <?php // $file is the path to the file you want to check. function file_crc ( $file ) { $file_string = file_get_contents ( $file ); $crc = crc32 ( $file_string ); return sprintf ( "%u" , $crc ); } $file_to_crc = / home / path / to / file . jpg ; echo file_crc ( $file_to_crc ); // Outputs CRC value for given file. ?> I've found in testing this method is MUCH faster for larger binary files. up down 8 slimshady451 ¶ 18 years ago I see a lot of function for crc32_file, but for php version >= 5.1.2 don't forget you can use this : <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { return hash_file ( 'CRC32' , $filename , FALSE ); } ?> Using crc32(file_get_contents($filename)) will use too many memory on big file so don't use it. up down 6 same ¶ 21 years ago bit by bit crc32 computation <?php function bitbybit_crc32 ( $str , $first_call = false ){ //reflection in 32 bits of crc32 polynomial 0x04C11DB7 $poly_reflected = 0xEDB88320 ; //=0xFFFFFFFF; //keep track of register value after each call static $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; //initialize register on first call if( $first_call ) $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; $n = strlen ( $str ); $zeros = $n < 4 ? $n : 4 ; //xor first $zeros=min(4,strlen($str)) bytes into the register for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros ; $i ++) $reg ^= ord ( $str { $i })<< $i 8 ; //now for the rest of the string for( $i = 4 ; $i < $n ; $i ++){ $next_char = ord ( $str { $i }); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) $reg =(( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )\|( $next_char >> $j & 1 )<< 0x1F ) ^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; } //put in enough zeros at the end for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros * 8 ; $i ++) $reg =( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; //xor the register with 0xFFFFFFFF return ~ $reg ; } $str = "123456789" ; //whatever $blocksize = 4 ; //whatever for( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $str ); $i += $blocksize ) $crc = bitbybit_crc32 ( substr ( $str , $i , $blocksize ),! $i ); ?> up down 5 dave at jufer dot info ¶ 18 years ago This function returns the same int value on a 64 bit mc. like the crc32() function on a 32 bit mc. <?php function crcKw ( $num ){ $crc = crc32 ( $num ); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> up down 3 Clifford dot ct at gmail dot com ¶ 13 years ago The crc32() function can return a signed integer in certain environments. Assuming that it will always return an unsigned integer is not portable. Depending on your desired behavior, you should probably use sprintf() on the result or the generic hash() instead. Also note that integer arithmetic operators do not have the precision to work correctly with the integer output. up down 3 alban dot lopez+php [ at ] gmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago I made this code to verify Transmition with Vantage Pro2 ( weather station ) based on CRC16-CCITT standard. <?php // CRC16-CCITT validator $crc_table = array( 0x0 , 0x1021 , 0x2042 , 0x3063 , 0x4084 , 0x50a5 , 0x60c6 , 0x70e7 , 0x8108 , 0x9129 , 0xa14a , 0xb16b , 0xc18c , 0xd1ad , 0xe1ce , 0xf1ef , 0x1231 , 0x210 , 0x3273 , 0x2252 , 0x52b5 , 0x4294 , 0x72f7 , 0x62d6 , 0x9339 , 0x8318 , 0xb37b , 0xa35a , 0xd3bd , 0xc39c , 0xf3ff , 0xe3de , 0x2462 , 0x3443 , 0x420 , 0x1401 , 0x64e6 , 0x74c7 , 0x44a4 , 0x5485 , 0xa56a , 0xb54b , 0x8528 , 0x9509 , 0xe5ee , 0xf5cf , 0xc5ac , 0xd58d , 0x3653 , 0x2672 , 0x1611 , 0x630 , 0x76d7 , 0x66f6 , 0x5695 , 0x46b4 , 0xb75b , 0xa77a , 0x9719 , 0x8738 , 0xf7df , 0xe7fe , 0xd79d , 0xc7bc , 0x48c4 , 0x58e5 , 0x6886 , 0x78a7 , 0x840 , 0x1861 , 0x2802 , 0x3823 , 0xc9cc , 0xd9ed , 0xe98e , 0xf9af , 0x8948 , 0x9969 , 0xa90a , 0xb92b , 0x5af5 , 0x4ad4 , 0x7ab7 , 0x6a96 , 0x1a71 , 0xa50 , 0x3a33 , 0x2a12 , 0xdbfd , 0xcbdc , 0xfbbf , 0xeb9e , 0x9b79 , 0x8b58 , 0xbb3b , 0xab1a , 0x6ca6 , 0x7c87 , 0x4ce4 , 0x5cc5 , 0x2c22 , 0x3c03 , 0xc60 , 0x1c41 , 0xedae , 0xfd8f , 0xcdec , 0xddcd , 0xad2a , 0xbd0b , 0x8d68 , 0x9d49 , 0x7e97 , 0x6eb6 , 0x5ed5 , 0x4ef4 , 0x3e13 , 0x2e32 , 0x1e51 , 0xe70 , 0xff9f , 0xefbe , 0xdfdd , 0xcffc , 0xbf1b , 0xaf3a , 0x9f59 , 0x8f78 , 0x9188 , 0x81a9 , 0xb1ca , 0xa1eb , 0xd10c , 0xc12d , 0xf14e , 0xe16f , 0x1080 , 0xa1 , 0x30c2 , 0x20e3 , 0x5004 , 0x4025 , 0x7046 , 0x6067 , 0x83b9 , 0x9398 , 0xa3fb , 0xb3da , 0xc33d , 0xd31c , 0xe37f , 0xf35e , 0x2b1 , 0x1290 , 0x22f3 , 0x32d2 , 0x4235 , 0x5214 , 0x6277 , 0x7256 , 0xb5ea , 0xa5cb , 0x95a8 , 0x8589 , 0xf56e , 0xe54f , 0xd52c , 0xc50d , 0x34e2 , 0x24c3 , 0x14a0 , 0x481 , 0x7466 , 0x6447 , 0x5424 , 0x4405 , 0xa7db , 0xb7fa , 0x8799 , 0x97b8 , 0xe75f , 0xf77e , 0xc71d , 0xd73c , 0x26d3 , 0x36f2 , 0x691 , 0x16b0 , 0x6657 , 0x7676 , 0x4615 , 0x5634 , 0xd94c , 0xc96d , 0xf90e , 0xe92f , 0x99c8 , 0x89e9 , 0xb98a , 0xa9ab , 0x5844 , 0x4865 , 0x7806 , 0x6827 , 0x18c0 , 0x8e1 , 0x3882 , 0x28a3 , 0xcb7d , 0xdb5c , 0xeb3f , 0xfb1e , 0x8bf9 , 0x9bd8 , 0xabbb , 0xbb9a , 0x4a75 , 0x5a54 , 0x6a37 , 0x7a16 , 0xaf1 , 0x1ad0 , 0x2ab3 , 0x3a92 , 0xfd2e , 0xed0f , 0xdd6c , 0xcd4d , 0xbdaa , 0xad8b , 0x9de8 , 0x8dc9 , 0x7c26 , 0x6c07 , 0x5c64 , 0x4c45 , 0x3ca2 , 0x2c83 , 0x1ce0 , 0xcc1 , 0xef1f , 0xff3e , 0xcf5d , 0xdf7c , 0xaf9b , 0xbfba , 0x8fd9 , 0x9ff8 , 0x6e17 , 0x7e36 , 0x4e55 , 0x5e74 , 0x2e93 , 0x3eb2 , 0xed1 , 0x1ef0 ); $test = chr ( 0xC6 ). chr ( 0xCE ). chr ( 0xA2 ). chr ( 0x03 ); // CRC16-CCITT = 0xE2B4 genCRC ( $test ); function genCRC (& $ptr ) { $crc = 0x0000 ; $crc_table = $GLOBALS [ 'crc_table' ]; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $ptr ); $i ++) $crc = $crc_table [(( $crc >> 8 ) ^ ord ( $ptr [ $i ]))] ^ (( $crc << 8 ) & 0x00FFFF ); return $crc ; } ?> up down 4 roberto at spadim dot com dot br ¶ 19 years ago MODBUS RTU, CRC16, input-> modbus rtu string output -> 2bytes string, in correct modbus order <?php function crc16 ( $string , $length = 0 ){ $auchCRCHi =array( 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 ); $auchCRCLo =array( 0x00 , 0xC0 , 0xC1 , 0x01 , 0xC3 , 0x03 , 0x02 , 0xC2 , 0xC6 , 0x06 , 0x07 , 0xC7 , 0x05 , 0xC5 , 0xC4 , 0x04 , 0xCC , 0x0C , 0x0D , 0xCD , 0x0F , 0xCF , 0xCE , 0x0E , 0x0A , 0xCA , 0xCB , 0x0B , 0xC9 , 0x09 , 0x08 , 0xC8 , 0xD8 , 0x18 , 0x19 , 0xD9 , 0x1B , 0xDB , 0xDA , 0x1A , 0x1E , 0xDE , 0xDF , 0x1F , 0xDD , 0x1D , 0x1C , 0xDC , 0x14 , 0xD4 , 0xD5 , 0x15 , 0xD7 , 0x17 , 0x16 , 0xD6 , 0xD2 , 0x12 , 0x13 , 0xD3 , 0x11 , 0xD1 , 0xD0 , 0x10 , 0xF0 , 0x30 , 0x31 , 0xF1 , 0x33 , 0xF3 , 0xF2 , 0x32 , 0x36 , 0xF6 , 0xF7 , 0x37 , 0xF5 , 0x35 , 0x34 , 0xF4 , 0x3C , 0xFC , 0xFD , 0x3D , 0xFF , 0x3F , 0x3E , 0xFE , 0xFA , 0x3A , 0x3B , 0xFB , 0x39 , 0xF9 , 0xF8 , 0x38 , 0x28 , 0xE8 , 0xE9 , 0x29 , 0xEB , 0x2B , 0x2A , 0xEA , 0xEE , 0x2E , 0x2F , 0xEF , 0x2D , 0xED , 0xEC , 0x2C , 0xE4 , 0x24 , 0x25 , 0xE5 , 0x27 , 0xE7 , 0xE6 , 0x26 , 0x22 , 0xE2 , 0xE3 , 0x23 , 0xE1 , 0x21 , 0x20 , 0xE0 , 0xA0 , 0x60 , 0x61 , 0xA1 , 0x63 , 0xA3 , 0xA2 , 0x62 , 0x66 , 0xA6 , 0xA7 , 0x67 , 0xA5 , 0x65 , 0x64 , 0xA4 , 0x6C , 0xAC , 0xAD , 0x6D , 0xAF , 0x6F , 0x6E , 0xAE , 0xAA , 0x6A , 0x6B , 0xAB , 0x69 , 0xA9 , 0xA8 , 0x68 , 0x78 , 0xB8 , 0xB9 , 0x79 , 0xBB , 0x7B , 0x7A , 0xBA , 0xBE , 0x7E , 0x7F , 0xBF , 0x7D , 0xBD , 0xBC , 0x7C , 0xB4 , 0x74 , 0x75 , 0xB5 , 0x77 , 0xB7 , 0xB6 , 0x76 , 0x72 , 0xB2 , 0xB3 , 0x73 , 0xB1 , 0x71 , 0x70 , 0xB0 , 0x50 , 0x90 , 0x91 , 0x51 , 0x93 , 0x53 , 0x52 , 0x92 , 0x96 , 0x56 , 0x57 , 0x97 , 0x55 , 0x95 , 0x94 , 0x54 , 0x9C , 0x5C , 0x5D , 0x9D , 0x5F , 0x9F , 0x9E , 0x5E , 0x5A , 0x9A , 0x9B , 0x5B , 0x99 , 0x59 , 0x58 , 0x98 , 0x88 , 0x48 , 0x49 , 0x89 , 0x4B , 0x8B , 0x8A , 0x4A , 0x4E , 0x8E , 0x8F , 0x4F , 0x8D , 0x4D , 0x4C , 0x8C , 0x44 , 0x84 , 0x85 , 0x45 , 0x87 , 0x47 , 0x46 , 0x86 , 0x82 , 0x42 , 0x43 , 0x83 , 0x41 , 0x81 , 0x80 , 0x40 ); $length =( $length <= 0 ? strlen ( $string ): $length ); $uchCRCHi = 0xFF ; $uchCRCLo = 0xFF ; $uIndex = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $length ; $i ++){ $uIndex = $uchCRCLo ^ ord ( substr ( $string , $i , 1 )); $uchCRCLo = $uchCRCHi ^ $auchCRCHi [ $uIndex ]; $uchCRCHi = $auchCRCLo [ $uIndex ] ; } return( chr ( $uchCRCLo ). chr ( $uchCRCHi )); } ?> up down 2 arachnid at notdot dot net ¶ 21 years ago Note that the CRC32 algorithm should NOT be used for cryptographic purposes, or in situations where a hostile/untrusted user is involved, as it is far too easy to generate a hash collision for CRC32 (two different binary strings that have the same CRC32 hash). Instead consider SHA-1 or MD5. up down 2 sukitsupaluk at hotmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago small sample convert crc32 to character map <?php function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = crc32 ( $data )+ 0x100000000 ; $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ 31 + ( $hash % 31 )] . $str ; $hash /= 31 ; } while( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } $test = array( null , TRUE , FALSE , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" ); $out = array(); foreach( $test as $s ) { $out []= khash ( $s ). ": " . $s ; } var_dump ( $out ); /* output: array 0 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 1 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 2 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 3 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 4 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 5 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 6 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 7 => string 'AFSzIAO: 2' (length=10) 8 => string 'BXGSvQJ: 3' (length=10) 9 => string 'xZWOQSu: ab' (length=11) 10 => string 'AVAwHOR: abc' (length=12) 11 => string 'zKASNE1: abcd' (length=13) 12 => string 'xLCTOV7: abcde' (length=14) 13 => string 'zQLzKMt: abcdefoo' (length=17) / ?> up down 1 chernyshevsky at hotmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago The crc32_combine() function provided by petteri at qred dot fi has a bug that causes an infinite loop, a shift operation on a 32-bit signed int might never reach zero. Replacing the function gf2_matrix_times() with the following seems to fix it: <?php function gf2_matrix_times ( $mat , $vec ) { $sum = 0 ; $i = 0 ; while ( $vec ) { if ( $vec & 1 ) { $sum ^= $mat [ $i ]; } $vec = ( $vec >> 1 ) & 0x7FFFFFFF ; $i ++; } return $sum ; } ?> Otherwise, it's probably the best solution if you can't use hash_file(). Using a 1meg read buffer, the function only takes twice as long to process a 300meg files than hash_file() in my test. up down 1 berna (at) gensis (dot) com (dot) br ¶ 16 years ago For those who want a more familiar return value for the function: <?php function strcrc32 ( $text ) { $crc = crc32 ( $text ); if ( $crc & 0x80000000 ) { $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> And to show the result in Hex string: <?php function int32_to_hex ( $value ) { $value &= 0xffffffff ; return str_pad ( strtoupper ( dechex ( $value )), 8 , "0" , STR_PAD_LEFT ); } ?> up down 1 arris at zsolttech dot com ¶ 14 years ago not found anywhere crc64 based on http://bioinfadmin.cs.ucl.ac.uk/downloads/crc64/crc64.c . (use gmp module) <?php / OLDCRC / define ( 'POLY64REV' , "d800000000000000" ); define ( 'INITIALCRC' , "0000000000000000" ); define ( 'TABLELEN' , 256 ); / NEWCRC / // define('POLY64REV', "95AC9329AC4BC9B5"); // define('INITIALCRC', "FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF"); if( function_exists ( 'gmp_init' )){ class CRC64 { private static $CRCTable = array(); public static function encode ( $seq ){ $crc = gmp_init ( INITIALCRC , 16 ); $init = FALSE ; $poly64rev = gmp_init ( POLY64REV , 16 ); if (! $init ) { $init = TRUE ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < TABLELEN ; $i ++) { $part = gmp_init ( $i , 10 ); for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( gmp_strval ( gmp_and ( $part , "0x1" )) != "0" ){ // if (gmp_testbit($part, 1)){ / PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, untested / $part = gmp_xor ( gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ), $poly64rev ); } else { $part = gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ); } } self :: $CRCTable [ $i ] = $part ; } } for( $k = 0 ; $k < strlen ( $seq ); $k ++){ $tmp_gmp_val = gmp_init ( ord ( $seq [ $k ]), 10 ); $tableindex = gmp_xor ( gmp_and ( $crc , "0xff" ), $tmp_gmp_val ); $crc = gmp_div_q ( $crc , "256" ); $crc = gmp_xor ( $crc , self :: $CRCTable [ gmp_strval ( $tableindex , 10 )]); } $res = gmp_strval ( $crc , 16 ); return $res ; } } } else { die( "Please install php-gmp package!!!" ); } ?> up down 1 quix at free dot fr ¶ 22 years ago I needed the crc32 of a file that was pretty large, so I didn't want to read it into memory. So I made this: <?php $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ]=array(); // Lookup table array __crc32_init_table (); function __crc32_init_table () { // Builds lookup table array // This is the official polynomial used by // CRC-32 in PKZip, WinZip and Ethernet. $polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; // 256 values representing ASCII character codes. for( $i = 0 ; $i <= 0xFF ;++ $i ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=( __crc32_reflect ( $i , 8 ) << 24 ); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ;++ $j ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=(( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] << 1 ) ^ (( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] & ( 1 << 31 ))? $polynomial : 0 )); } $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] = __crc32_reflect ( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ], 32 ); } } function __crc32_reflect ( $ref , $ch ) { // Reflects CRC bits in the lookup table $value = 0 ; // Swap bit 0 for bit 7, bit 1 for bit 6, etc. for( $i = 1 ; $i <( $ch + 1 );++ $i ) { if( $ref & 1 ) $value \|= ( 1 << ( $ch - $i )); $ref = (( $ref >> 1 ) & 0x7fffffff ); } return $value ; } function __crc32_string ( $text ) { // Creates a CRC from a text string // Once the lookup table has been filled in by the two functions above, // this function creates all CRCs using only the lookup table. // You need unsigned variables because negative values // introduce high bits where zero bits are required. // PHP doesn't have unsigned integers: // I've solved this problem by doing a '&' after a '>>'. // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; $len = strlen ( $text ); // Perform the algorithm on each character in the string, // using the lookup table values. for( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ;++ $i ) { $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $text { $i })]; } // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } function __crc32_file ( $name ) { // Creates a CRC from a file // Info: look at __crc32_string // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; if(( $fp = fopen ( $name , 'rb' ))=== false ) return false ; // Perform the algorithm on each character in file for(;;) { $i =@ fread ( $fp , 1 ); if( strlen ( $i )== 0 ) break; $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $i )]; } @ fclose ( $fp ); // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> up down 1 spectrumizer at cycos dot net ¶ 23 years ago Here is a tested and working CRC16-Algorithm: <?php function crc16 ( $string ) { $crc = 0xFFFF ; for ( $x = 0 ; $x < strlen ( $string ); $x ++) { $crc = $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $x ]); for ( $y = 0 ; $y < 8 ; $y ++) { if (( $crc & 0x0001 ) == 0x0001 ) { $crc = (( $crc >> 1 ) ^ 0xA001 ); } else { $crc = $crc >> 1 ; } } } return $crc ; } ?> Regards, Mario up down 1 Ren ¶ 18 years ago Dealing with 32 bit unsigned values overflowing 32 bit php signed values can be done by adding 0x10000000 to any unexpected negative result, rather than using sprintf. $i = crc32('1'); printf("%u\n", $i); if (0 > $i) { // Implicitly casts i as float, and corrects this sign. $i += 0x100000000; } var_dump($i); Outputs: 2212294583 float(2212294583) up down 0 dotg at mail dot ru ¶ 9 years ago crc32() on php 32bit and 64 bit not equal in some values i use abs for result in positive for 32 bit not equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 1 )); ?> 64 bit 2212294583 32 bit 2082672713 equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 3 )); ?> 64 bit 1842515611 32 bit 1842515611 up down 0 toggio at writeme dot com ¶ 9 years ago A faster implementation of modbus CRC16 function crc16($data) { $crc = 0xFFFF; for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($data); $i++) { $crc ^=ord($data[$i]); for ($j = 8; $j !=0; $j--) { if (($crc & 0x0001) !=0) { $crc >>= 1; $crc ^= 0xA001; } else $crc >>= 1; } } return $crc; } up down -1 mail at tristansmis dot nl ¶ 18 years ago I used the abs value of this function on a 32-bit system. When porting the code to a 64-bit system I’ve found that the value is different. The following code has the same outcome on both systems. <?php $crc = abs ( crc32 ( $string )); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; } / Old solution * $crc = abs(crc32($string)) */ ?> up down -2 gabri dot ns at gmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago if you are looking for a fast function to hash a file, take a look at http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.hash-file.php this is crc32 file checker based on a CRC32 guide it have performance at ~ 625 KB/s on my 2.2GHz Turion far slower than hash_file('crc32b','filename.ext') <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { $f = @ fopen ( $filename , 'rb' ); if (! $f ) return false ; static $CRC32Table , $Reflect8Table ; if (!isset( $CRC32Table )) { $Polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; $topBit = 1 << 31 ; for( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { $remainder = $i << 24 ; for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( $remainder & $topBit ) $remainder = ( $remainder << 1 ) ^ $Polynomial ; else $remainder = $remainder << 1 ; } $CRC32Table [ $i ] = $remainder ; if (isset( $Reflect8Table [ $i ])) continue; $str = str_pad ( decbin ( $i ), 8 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $num = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); $Reflect8Table [ $i ] = $num ; $Reflect8Table [ $num ] = $i ; } } $remainder = 0xffffffff ; while ( $data = fread ( $f , 1024 )) { $len = strlen ( $data ); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ; $i ++) { $byte = $Reflect8Table [ ord ( $data [ $i ])]; $index = (( $remainder >> 24 ) & 0xff ) ^ $byte ; $crc = $CRC32Table [ $index ]; $remainder = ( $remainder << 8 ) ^ $crc ; } } $str = decbin ( $remainder ); $str = str_pad ( $str , 32 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $remainder = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); return $remainder ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> <?php $a = microtime (); echo dechex ( crc32_file ( 'filename.ext' )). "\n" ; $b = microtime (); echo array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $b )) - array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $a )). "\n" ; ?> Output: ec7369fe 2.384134054184 (or similiar) ＋ Добавить Функции для работы со строками addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://llvm.org/doxygen/classObjCProtoName.html#aabe9cc8a0ae3833519538d8a92f2631a	LLVM: ObjCProtoName Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git Public Member Functions \| List of all members ObjCProtoName Class Reference #include " llvm/Demangle/ItaniumDemangle.h " Inheritance diagram for ObjCProtoName: This browser is not able to show SVG: try Firefox, Chrome, Safari, or Opera instead. [ legend ] Public Member Functions   ObjCProtoName ( const Node Ty_, std::string_view Protocol_) template<typename Fn> void  match (Fn F ) const bool   isObjCObject () const std::string_view  getProtocol () const void  printLeft ( OutputBuffer &OB) const override Public Member Functions inherited from Node   Node ( Kind K_, Prec Precedence_= Prec::Primary , Cache RHSComponentCache_= Cache::No , Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No )   Node ( Kind K_, Cache RHSComponentCache_, Cache ArrayCache_= Cache::No , Cache FunctionCache_= Cache::No ) template<typename Fn> void  visit (Fn F ) const   Visit the most-derived object corresponding to this object. bool   hasRHSComponent ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasArray ( OutputBuffer &OB) const bool   hasFunction ( OutputBuffer &OB) const Kind   getKind () const Prec   getPrecedence () const Cache   getRHSComponentCache () const Cache   getArrayCache () const Cache   getFunctionCache () const virtual bool   hasRHSComponentSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasArraySlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual bool   hasFunctionSlow ( OutputBuffer &) const virtual const Node   getSyntaxNode ( OutputBuffer &) const void  printAsOperand ( OutputBuffer &OB, Prec P = Prec::Default , bool StrictlyWorse=false) const void  print ( OutputBuffer &OB) const virtual bool   printInitListAsType ( OutputBuffer &, const NodeArray &) const virtual std::string_view  getBaseName () const virtual  ~Node ()=default DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD void  dump () const Additional Inherited Members Public Types inherited from Node enum   Kind : uint8_t enum class   Cache : uint8_t { Yes , No , Unknown }   Three-way bool to track a cached value. More... enum class   Prec : uint8_t {    Primary , Postfix , Unary , Cast ,    PtrMem , Multiplicative , Additive , Shift ,    Spaceship , Relational , Equality , And ,    Xor , Ior , AndIf , OrIf ,    Conditional , Assign , Comma , Default }   Operator precedence for expression nodes. More... Protected Attributes inherited from Node Cache   RHSComponentCache : 2   Tracks if this node has a component on its right side, in which case we need to call printRight. Cache   ArrayCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) array type. Cache   FunctionCache : 2   Track if this node is a (possibly qualified) function type. Detailed Description Definition at line 614 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . Constructor & Destructor Documentation ◆  ObjCProtoName() ObjCProtoName::ObjCProtoName ( const Node * Ty_ , std::string_view Protocol_  ) inline Definition at line 619 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node::Node() . Member Function Documentation ◆  getProtocol() std::string_view ObjCProtoName::getProtocol ( ) const inline Definition at line 629 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . ◆  isObjCObject() bool ObjCProtoName::isObjCObject ( ) const inline Definition at line 624 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References getName() . Referenced by PointerType::printLeft() , and PointerType::printRight() . ◆  match() template<typename Fn> void ObjCProtoName::match ( Fn F ) const inline Definition at line 622 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References F . ◆  printLeft() void ObjCProtoName::printLeft ( OutputBuffer & OB ) const inline override virtual Implements Node . Definition at line 631 of file ItaniumDemangle.h . References Node::OutputBuffer . The documentation for this class was generated from the following file: include/llvm/Demangle/ ItaniumDemangle.h Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:38
https://www.php.net/crc32	PHP: crc32 - Manual update page now Downloads Documentation Get Involved Help Search docs Getting Started Introduction A simple tutorial Language Reference Basic syntax Types Variables Constants Expressions Operators Control Structures Functions Classes and Objects Namespaces Enumerations Errors Exceptions Fibers Generators Attributes References Explained Predefined Variables Predefined Exceptions Predefined Interfaces and Classes Predefined Attributes Context options and parameters Supported Protocols and Wrappers Security Introduction General considerations Installed as CGI binary Installed as an Apache module Session Security Filesystem Security Database Security Error Reporting User Submitted Data Hiding PHP Keeping Current Features HTTP authentication with PHP Cookies Sessions Handling file uploads Using remote files Connection handling Persistent Database Connections Command line usage Garbage Collection DTrace Dynamic Tracing Function Reference Affecting PHP's Behaviour Audio Formats Manipulation Authentication Services Command Line Specific Extensions Compression and Archive Extensions Cryptography Extensions Database Extensions Date and Time Related Extensions File System Related Extensions Human Language and Character Encoding Support Image Processing and Generation Mail Related Extensions Mathematical Extensions Non-Text MIME Output Process Control Extensions Other Basic Extensions Other Services Search Engine Extensions Server Specific Extensions Session Extensions Text Processing Variable and Type Related Extensions Web Services Windows Only Extensions XML Manipulation GUI Extensions Keyboard Shortcuts ? This help j Next menu item k Previous menu item g p Previous man page g n Next man page G Scroll to bottom g g Scroll to top g h Goto homepage g s Goto search (current page) / Focus search box crypt » « count_chars PHP Manual Function Reference Text Processing Strings String Functions Change language: English German Spanish French Italian Japanese Brazilian Portuguese Russian Turkish Ukrainian Chinese (Simplified) Other crc32 (PHP 4 >= 4.0.1, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8) crc32 — Calculates the crc32 polynomial of a string Description crc32 ( string $string ): int Generates the cyclic redundancy checksum polynomial of 32-bit lengths of the string . This is usually used to validate the integrity of data being transmitted. Warning Because PHP's integer type is signed many crc32 checksums will result in negative integers on 32bit platforms. On 64bit installations all crc32() results will be positive integers though. So you need to use the "%u" formatter of sprintf() or printf() to get the string representation of the unsigned crc32() checksum in decimal format. For a hexadecimal representation of the checksum you can either use the "%x" formatter of sprintf() or printf() or the dechex() conversion functions, both of these also take care of converting the crc32() result to an unsigned integer. Having 64bit installations also return negative integers for higher result values was considered but would break the hexadecimal conversion as negatives would get an extra 0xFFFFFFFF######## offset then. As hexadecimal representation seems to be the most common use case we decided to not break this even if it breaks direct decimal comparisons in about 50% of the cases when moving from 32 to 64bits. In retrospect having the function return an integer maybe wasn't the best idea and returning a hex string representation right away (as e.g. md5() does) might have been a better plan to begin with. For a more portable solution you may also consider the generic hash() . hash("crc32b", $str) will return the same string as str_pad(dechex(crc32($str)), 8, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT) . Parameters string The data. Return Values Returns the crc32 checksum of string as an integer. Examples Example #1 Displaying a crc32 checksum This example shows how to print a converted checksum with the printf() function: <?php $checksum = crc32 ( "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog." ); printf ( "%u\n" , $checksum ); ?> See Also hash() - Generate a hash value (message digest) md5() - Calculate the md5 hash of a string sha1() - Calculate the sha1 hash of a string Found A Problem? Learn How To Improve This Page • Submit a Pull Request • Report a Bug ＋ add a note User Contributed Notes 22 notes up down 24 jian at theorchard dot com ¶ 15 years ago This function returns an unsigned integer from a 64-bit Linux platform. It does return the signed integer from other 32-bit platforms even a 64-bit Windows one. The reason is because the two constants PHP_INT_SIZE and PHP_INT_MAX have different values on the 64-bit Linux platform. I've created a work-around function to handle this situation. <?php function get_signed_int ( $in ) { $int_max = pow ( 2 , 31 )- 1 ; if ( $in > $int_max ){ $out = $in - $int_max * 2 - 2 ; } else { $out = $in ; } return $out ; } ?> Hope this helps. up down 12 i at morfi dot ru ¶ 12 years ago Implementation crc64() in php 64bit <?php /** * @return array / function crc64Table () { $crc64tab = []; // ECMA polynomial $poly64rev = ( 0xC96C5795 << 32 ) \| 0xD7870F42 ; // ISO polynomial // $poly64rev = (0xD8 << 56); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { for ( $part = $i , $bit = 0 ; $bit < 8 ; $bit ++) { if ( $part & 1 ) { $part = (( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 )) ^ $poly64rev ; } else { $part = ( $part >> 1 ) & ~( 0x8 << 60 ); } } $crc64tab [ $i ] = $part ; } return $crc64tab ; } /* * @param string $string * @param string $format * @return mixed * * Formats: * crc64('php'); // afe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%x'); // 0xafe4e823e7cef190 * crc64('php', '0x%X'); // 0xAFE4E823E7CEF190 * crc64('php', '%d'); // -5772233581471534704 signed int * crc64('php', '%u'); // 12674510492238016912 unsigned int / function crc64 ( $string , $format = '%x' ) { static $crc64tab ; if ( $crc64tab === null ) { $crc64tab = crc64Table (); } $crc = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $string ); $i ++) { $crc = $crc64tab [( $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $i ])) & 0xff ] ^ (( $crc >> 8 ) & ~( 0xff << 56 )); } return sprintf ( $format , $crc ); } up down 10 JS at JavsSys dot Org ¶ 12 years ago The khash() function by sukitsupaluk has two problems, it does not use all 62 characters from the $map set and when corrected it then produces different results on 64-bit compared to 32-bit PHP systems. Here is my modified version : <?php /* * Small sample convert crc32 to character map * Based upon http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.crc32.php#105703 * (Modified to now use all characters from $map) * (Modified to be 32-bit PHP safe) / function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = bcadd ( sprintf ( '%u' , crc32 ( $data )) , 0x100000000 ); $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ bcmod ( $hash , 62 ) ] . $str ; $hash = bcdiv ( $hash , 62 ); } while ( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $test = array( null , true , false , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" , "248840027" , "1365848013" , // time() "9223372035488927794" , // PHP_INT_MAX-time() "901131979" , // mt_rand() "Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" // gmdate('r') ); $out = array(); foreach ( $test as $s ) { $out [] = khash ( $s ) . ": " . $s ; } print "<h3>khash() -- maps a crc32 result into a (62-character) result</h3>" ; print '<pre>' ; var_dump ( $out ); print "\n\n\$GLOBALS['raw_crc32']:\n" ; var_dump ( $GLOBALS [ 'raw_crc32' ]); print '</pre><hr>' ; flush (); $pefile = __FILE__ ; print "<h3> $pefile </h3>" ; ob_end_flush (); flush (); highlight_file ( $pefile ); print "<hr>" ; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- / CURRENT output array(19) { [0]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [1]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [2]=> string(8) "4GFfc4: " [3]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [4]=> string(9) "9aGcIp: 0" [5]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [6]=> string(9) "76nO4L: 1" [7]=> string(9) "5b8iNn: 2" [8]=> string(9) "6HmfFN: 3" [9]=> string(10) "7ADPD7: ab" [10]=> string(11) "5F0aUq: abc" [11]=> string(12) "92kWw9: abcd" [12]=> string(13) "78hcpf: abcde" [13]=> string(16) "9eBVPB: abcdefoo" [14]=> string(17) "5TjOuZ: 248840027" [15]=> string(18) "5eNliI: 1365848013" [16]=> string(27) "4Q00e5: 9223372035488927794" [17]=> string(17) "6DUX8V: 901131979" [18]=> string(39) "5i2aOW: Sat, 13 Apr 2013 10:13:33 +0000" } / //----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ?> up down 10 Bulk at bulksplace dot com ¶ 20 years ago A faster way I've found to return CRC values of larger files, is instead of using the file()/implode() method used below, is to us file_get_contents() (PHP 4 >= 4.3.0) which uses memory mapping techniques if supported by your OS to enhance performance. Here's my example function: <?php // $file is the path to the file you want to check. function file_crc ( $file ) { $file_string = file_get_contents ( $file ); $crc = crc32 ( $file_string ); return sprintf ( "%u" , $crc ); } $file_to_crc = / home / path / to / file . jpg ; echo file_crc ( $file_to_crc ); // Outputs CRC value for given file. ?> I've found in testing this method is MUCH faster for larger binary files. up down 8 slimshady451 ¶ 18 years ago I see a lot of function for crc32_file, but for php version >= 5.1.2 don't forget you can use this : <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { return hash_file ( 'CRC32' , $filename , FALSE ); } ?> Using crc32(file_get_contents($filename)) will use too many memory on big file so don't use it. up down 6 same ¶ 21 years ago bit by bit crc32 computation <?php function bitbybit_crc32 ( $str , $first_call = false ){ //reflection in 32 bits of crc32 polynomial 0x04C11DB7 $poly_reflected = 0xEDB88320 ; //=0xFFFFFFFF; //keep track of register value after each call static $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; //initialize register on first call if( $first_call ) $reg = 0xFFFFFFFF ; $n = strlen ( $str ); $zeros = $n < 4 ? $n : 4 ; //xor first $zeros=min(4,strlen($str)) bytes into the register for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros ; $i ++) $reg ^= ord ( $str { $i })<< $i 8 ; //now for the rest of the string for( $i = 4 ; $i < $n ; $i ++){ $next_char = ord ( $str { $i }); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) $reg =(( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )\|( $next_char >> $j & 1 )<< 0x1F ) ^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; } //put in enough zeros at the end for( $i = 0 ; $i < $zeros * 8 ; $i ++) $reg =( $reg >> 1 & 0x7FFFFFFF )^( $reg & 1 )* $poly_reflected ; //xor the register with 0xFFFFFFFF return ~ $reg ; } $str = "123456789" ; //whatever $blocksize = 4 ; //whatever for( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $str ); $i += $blocksize ) $crc = bitbybit_crc32 ( substr ( $str , $i , $blocksize ),! $i ); ?> up down 5 dave at jufer dot info ¶ 18 years ago This function returns the same int value on a 64 bit mc. like the crc32() function on a 32 bit mc. <?php function crcKw ( $num ){ $crc = crc32 ( $num ); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> up down 3 Clifford dot ct at gmail dot com ¶ 13 years ago The crc32() function can return a signed integer in certain environments. Assuming that it will always return an unsigned integer is not portable. Depending on your desired behavior, you should probably use sprintf() on the result or the generic hash() instead. Also note that integer arithmetic operators do not have the precision to work correctly with the integer output. up down 3 alban dot lopez+php [ at ] gmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago I made this code to verify Transmition with Vantage Pro2 ( weather station ) based on CRC16-CCITT standard. <?php // CRC16-CCITT validator $crc_table = array( 0x0 , 0x1021 , 0x2042 , 0x3063 , 0x4084 , 0x50a5 , 0x60c6 , 0x70e7 , 0x8108 , 0x9129 , 0xa14a , 0xb16b , 0xc18c , 0xd1ad , 0xe1ce , 0xf1ef , 0x1231 , 0x210 , 0x3273 , 0x2252 , 0x52b5 , 0x4294 , 0x72f7 , 0x62d6 , 0x9339 , 0x8318 , 0xb37b , 0xa35a , 0xd3bd , 0xc39c , 0xf3ff , 0xe3de , 0x2462 , 0x3443 , 0x420 , 0x1401 , 0x64e6 , 0x74c7 , 0x44a4 , 0x5485 , 0xa56a , 0xb54b , 0x8528 , 0x9509 , 0xe5ee , 0xf5cf , 0xc5ac , 0xd58d , 0x3653 , 0x2672 , 0x1611 , 0x630 , 0x76d7 , 0x66f6 , 0x5695 , 0x46b4 , 0xb75b , 0xa77a , 0x9719 , 0x8738 , 0xf7df , 0xe7fe , 0xd79d , 0xc7bc , 0x48c4 , 0x58e5 , 0x6886 , 0x78a7 , 0x840 , 0x1861 , 0x2802 , 0x3823 , 0xc9cc , 0xd9ed , 0xe98e , 0xf9af , 0x8948 , 0x9969 , 0xa90a , 0xb92b , 0x5af5 , 0x4ad4 , 0x7ab7 , 0x6a96 , 0x1a71 , 0xa50 , 0x3a33 , 0x2a12 , 0xdbfd , 0xcbdc , 0xfbbf , 0xeb9e , 0x9b79 , 0x8b58 , 0xbb3b , 0xab1a , 0x6ca6 , 0x7c87 , 0x4ce4 , 0x5cc5 , 0x2c22 , 0x3c03 , 0xc60 , 0x1c41 , 0xedae , 0xfd8f , 0xcdec , 0xddcd , 0xad2a , 0xbd0b , 0x8d68 , 0x9d49 , 0x7e97 , 0x6eb6 , 0x5ed5 , 0x4ef4 , 0x3e13 , 0x2e32 , 0x1e51 , 0xe70 , 0xff9f , 0xefbe , 0xdfdd , 0xcffc , 0xbf1b , 0xaf3a , 0x9f59 , 0x8f78 , 0x9188 , 0x81a9 , 0xb1ca , 0xa1eb , 0xd10c , 0xc12d , 0xf14e , 0xe16f , 0x1080 , 0xa1 , 0x30c2 , 0x20e3 , 0x5004 , 0x4025 , 0x7046 , 0x6067 , 0x83b9 , 0x9398 , 0xa3fb , 0xb3da , 0xc33d , 0xd31c , 0xe37f , 0xf35e , 0x2b1 , 0x1290 , 0x22f3 , 0x32d2 , 0x4235 , 0x5214 , 0x6277 , 0x7256 , 0xb5ea , 0xa5cb , 0x95a8 , 0x8589 , 0xf56e , 0xe54f , 0xd52c , 0xc50d , 0x34e2 , 0x24c3 , 0x14a0 , 0x481 , 0x7466 , 0x6447 , 0x5424 , 0x4405 , 0xa7db , 0xb7fa , 0x8799 , 0x97b8 , 0xe75f , 0xf77e , 0xc71d , 0xd73c , 0x26d3 , 0x36f2 , 0x691 , 0x16b0 , 0x6657 , 0x7676 , 0x4615 , 0x5634 , 0xd94c , 0xc96d , 0xf90e , 0xe92f , 0x99c8 , 0x89e9 , 0xb98a , 0xa9ab , 0x5844 , 0x4865 , 0x7806 , 0x6827 , 0x18c0 , 0x8e1 , 0x3882 , 0x28a3 , 0xcb7d , 0xdb5c , 0xeb3f , 0xfb1e , 0x8bf9 , 0x9bd8 , 0xabbb , 0xbb9a , 0x4a75 , 0x5a54 , 0x6a37 , 0x7a16 , 0xaf1 , 0x1ad0 , 0x2ab3 , 0x3a92 , 0xfd2e , 0xed0f , 0xdd6c , 0xcd4d , 0xbdaa , 0xad8b , 0x9de8 , 0x8dc9 , 0x7c26 , 0x6c07 , 0x5c64 , 0x4c45 , 0x3ca2 , 0x2c83 , 0x1ce0 , 0xcc1 , 0xef1f , 0xff3e , 0xcf5d , 0xdf7c , 0xaf9b , 0xbfba , 0x8fd9 , 0x9ff8 , 0x6e17 , 0x7e36 , 0x4e55 , 0x5e74 , 0x2e93 , 0x3eb2 , 0xed1 , 0x1ef0 ); $test = chr ( 0xC6 ). chr ( 0xCE ). chr ( 0xA2 ). chr ( 0x03 ); // CRC16-CCITT = 0xE2B4 genCRC ( $test ); function genCRC (& $ptr ) { $crc = 0x0000 ; $crc_table = $GLOBALS [ 'crc_table' ]; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < strlen ( $ptr ); $i ++) $crc = $crc_table [(( $crc >> 8 ) ^ ord ( $ptr [ $i ]))] ^ (( $crc << 8 ) & 0x00FFFF ); return $crc ; } ?> up down 4 roberto at spadim dot com dot br ¶ 19 years ago MODBUS RTU, CRC16, input-> modbus rtu string output -> 2bytes string, in correct modbus order <?php function crc16 ( $string , $length = 0 ){ $auchCRCHi =array( 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x01 , 0xC0 , 0x80 , 0x41 , 0x00 , 0xC1 , 0x81 , 0x40 ); $auchCRCLo =array( 0x00 , 0xC0 , 0xC1 , 0x01 , 0xC3 , 0x03 , 0x02 , 0xC2 , 0xC6 , 0x06 , 0x07 , 0xC7 , 0x05 , 0xC5 , 0xC4 , 0x04 , 0xCC , 0x0C , 0x0D , 0xCD , 0x0F , 0xCF , 0xCE , 0x0E , 0x0A , 0xCA , 0xCB , 0x0B , 0xC9 , 0x09 , 0x08 , 0xC8 , 0xD8 , 0x18 , 0x19 , 0xD9 , 0x1B , 0xDB , 0xDA , 0x1A , 0x1E , 0xDE , 0xDF , 0x1F , 0xDD , 0x1D , 0x1C , 0xDC , 0x14 , 0xD4 , 0xD5 , 0x15 , 0xD7 , 0x17 , 0x16 , 0xD6 , 0xD2 , 0x12 , 0x13 , 0xD3 , 0x11 , 0xD1 , 0xD0 , 0x10 , 0xF0 , 0x30 , 0x31 , 0xF1 , 0x33 , 0xF3 , 0xF2 , 0x32 , 0x36 , 0xF6 , 0xF7 , 0x37 , 0xF5 , 0x35 , 0x34 , 0xF4 , 0x3C , 0xFC , 0xFD , 0x3D , 0xFF , 0x3F , 0x3E , 0xFE , 0xFA , 0x3A , 0x3B , 0xFB , 0x39 , 0xF9 , 0xF8 , 0x38 , 0x28 , 0xE8 , 0xE9 , 0x29 , 0xEB , 0x2B , 0x2A , 0xEA , 0xEE , 0x2E , 0x2F , 0xEF , 0x2D , 0xED , 0xEC , 0x2C , 0xE4 , 0x24 , 0x25 , 0xE5 , 0x27 , 0xE7 , 0xE6 , 0x26 , 0x22 , 0xE2 , 0xE3 , 0x23 , 0xE1 , 0x21 , 0x20 , 0xE0 , 0xA0 , 0x60 , 0x61 , 0xA1 , 0x63 , 0xA3 , 0xA2 , 0x62 , 0x66 , 0xA6 , 0xA7 , 0x67 , 0xA5 , 0x65 , 0x64 , 0xA4 , 0x6C , 0xAC , 0xAD , 0x6D , 0xAF , 0x6F , 0x6E , 0xAE , 0xAA , 0x6A , 0x6B , 0xAB , 0x69 , 0xA9 , 0xA8 , 0x68 , 0x78 , 0xB8 , 0xB9 , 0x79 , 0xBB , 0x7B , 0x7A , 0xBA , 0xBE , 0x7E , 0x7F , 0xBF , 0x7D , 0xBD , 0xBC , 0x7C , 0xB4 , 0x74 , 0x75 , 0xB5 , 0x77 , 0xB7 , 0xB6 , 0x76 , 0x72 , 0xB2 , 0xB3 , 0x73 , 0xB1 , 0x71 , 0x70 , 0xB0 , 0x50 , 0x90 , 0x91 , 0x51 , 0x93 , 0x53 , 0x52 , 0x92 , 0x96 , 0x56 , 0x57 , 0x97 , 0x55 , 0x95 , 0x94 , 0x54 , 0x9C , 0x5C , 0x5D , 0x9D , 0x5F , 0x9F , 0x9E , 0x5E , 0x5A , 0x9A , 0x9B , 0x5B , 0x99 , 0x59 , 0x58 , 0x98 , 0x88 , 0x48 , 0x49 , 0x89 , 0x4B , 0x8B , 0x8A , 0x4A , 0x4E , 0x8E , 0x8F , 0x4F , 0x8D , 0x4D , 0x4C , 0x8C , 0x44 , 0x84 , 0x85 , 0x45 , 0x87 , 0x47 , 0x46 , 0x86 , 0x82 , 0x42 , 0x43 , 0x83 , 0x41 , 0x81 , 0x80 , 0x40 ); $length =( $length <= 0 ? strlen ( $string ): $length ); $uchCRCHi = 0xFF ; $uchCRCLo = 0xFF ; $uIndex = 0 ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $length ; $i ++){ $uIndex = $uchCRCLo ^ ord ( substr ( $string , $i , 1 )); $uchCRCLo = $uchCRCHi ^ $auchCRCHi [ $uIndex ]; $uchCRCHi = $auchCRCLo [ $uIndex ] ; } return( chr ( $uchCRCLo ). chr ( $uchCRCHi )); } ?> up down 2 arachnid at notdot dot net ¶ 21 years ago Note that the CRC32 algorithm should NOT be used for cryptographic purposes, or in situations where a hostile/untrusted user is involved, as it is far too easy to generate a hash collision for CRC32 (two different binary strings that have the same CRC32 hash). Instead consider SHA-1 or MD5. up down 2 sukitsupaluk at hotmail dot com ¶ 14 years ago small sample convert crc32 to character map <?php function khash ( $data ) { static $map = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ" ; $hash = crc32 ( $data )+ 0x100000000 ; $str = "" ; do { $str = $map [ 31 + ( $hash % 31 )] . $str ; $hash /= 31 ; } while( $hash >= 1 ); return $str ; } $test = array( null , TRUE , FALSE , 0 , "0" , 1 , "1" , "2" , "3" , "ab" , "abc" , "abcd" , "abcde" , "abcdefoo" ); $out = array(); foreach( $test as $s ) { $out []= khash ( $s ). ": " . $s ; } var_dump ( $out ); /* output: array 0 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 1 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 2 => string 'zVvOYTv: ' (length=9) 3 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 4 => string 'zOKCQxh: 0' (length=10) 5 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 6 => string 'xKDKKL8: 1' (length=10) 7 => string 'AFSzIAO: 2' (length=10) 8 => string 'BXGSvQJ: 3' (length=10) 9 => string 'xZWOQSu: ab' (length=11) 10 => string 'AVAwHOR: abc' (length=12) 11 => string 'zKASNE1: abcd' (length=13) 12 => string 'xLCTOV7: abcde' (length=14) 13 => string 'zQLzKMt: abcdefoo' (length=17) / ?> up down 1 chernyshevsky at hotmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago The crc32_combine() function provided by petteri at qred dot fi has a bug that causes an infinite loop, a shift operation on a 32-bit signed int might never reach zero. Replacing the function gf2_matrix_times() with the following seems to fix it: <?php function gf2_matrix_times ( $mat , $vec ) { $sum = 0 ; $i = 0 ; while ( $vec ) { if ( $vec & 1 ) { $sum ^= $mat [ $i ]; } $vec = ( $vec >> 1 ) & 0x7FFFFFFF ; $i ++; } return $sum ; } ?> Otherwise, it's probably the best solution if you can't use hash_file(). Using a 1meg read buffer, the function only takes twice as long to process a 300meg files than hash_file() in my test. up down 1 berna (at) gensis (dot) com (dot) br ¶ 16 years ago For those who want a more familiar return value for the function: <?php function strcrc32 ( $text ) { $crc = crc32 ( $text ); if ( $crc & 0x80000000 ) { $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; $crc = - $crc ; } return $crc ; } ?> And to show the result in Hex string: <?php function int32_to_hex ( $value ) { $value &= 0xffffffff ; return str_pad ( strtoupper ( dechex ( $value )), 8 , "0" , STR_PAD_LEFT ); } ?> up down 1 arris at zsolttech dot com ¶ 14 years ago not found anywhere crc64 based on http://bioinfadmin.cs.ucl.ac.uk/downloads/crc64/crc64.c . (use gmp module) <?php / OLDCRC / define ( 'POLY64REV' , "d800000000000000" ); define ( 'INITIALCRC' , "0000000000000000" ); define ( 'TABLELEN' , 256 ); / NEWCRC / // define('POLY64REV', "95AC9329AC4BC9B5"); // define('INITIALCRC', "FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF"); if( function_exists ( 'gmp_init' )){ class CRC64 { private static $CRCTable = array(); public static function encode ( $seq ){ $crc = gmp_init ( INITIALCRC , 16 ); $init = FALSE ; $poly64rev = gmp_init ( POLY64REV , 16 ); if (! $init ) { $init = TRUE ; for ( $i = 0 ; $i < TABLELEN ; $i ++) { $part = gmp_init ( $i , 10 ); for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( gmp_strval ( gmp_and ( $part , "0x1" )) != "0" ){ // if (gmp_testbit($part, 1)){ / PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, untested / $part = gmp_xor ( gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ), $poly64rev ); } else { $part = gmp_div_q ( $part , "2" ); } } self :: $CRCTable [ $i ] = $part ; } } for( $k = 0 ; $k < strlen ( $seq ); $k ++){ $tmp_gmp_val = gmp_init ( ord ( $seq [ $k ]), 10 ); $tableindex = gmp_xor ( gmp_and ( $crc , "0xff" ), $tmp_gmp_val ); $crc = gmp_div_q ( $crc , "256" ); $crc = gmp_xor ( $crc , self :: $CRCTable [ gmp_strval ( $tableindex , 10 )]); } $res = gmp_strval ( $crc , 16 ); return $res ; } } } else { die( "Please install php-gmp package!!!" ); } ?> up down 1 quix at free dot fr ¶ 22 years ago I needed the crc32 of a file that was pretty large, so I didn't want to read it into memory. So I made this: <?php $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ]=array(); // Lookup table array __crc32_init_table (); function __crc32_init_table () { // Builds lookup table array // This is the official polynomial used by // CRC-32 in PKZip, WinZip and Ethernet. $polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; // 256 values representing ASCII character codes. for( $i = 0 ; $i <= 0xFF ;++ $i ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=( __crc32_reflect ( $i , 8 ) << 24 ); for( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ;++ $j ) { $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ]=(( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] << 1 ) ^ (( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] & ( 1 << 31 ))? $polynomial : 0 )); } $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ] = __crc32_reflect ( $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][ $i ], 32 ); } } function __crc32_reflect ( $ref , $ch ) { // Reflects CRC bits in the lookup table $value = 0 ; // Swap bit 0 for bit 7, bit 1 for bit 6, etc. for( $i = 1 ; $i <( $ch + 1 );++ $i ) { if( $ref & 1 ) $value \|= ( 1 << ( $ch - $i )); $ref = (( $ref >> 1 ) & 0x7fffffff ); } return $value ; } function __crc32_string ( $text ) { // Creates a CRC from a text string // Once the lookup table has been filled in by the two functions above, // this function creates all CRCs using only the lookup table. // You need unsigned variables because negative values // introduce high bits where zero bits are required. // PHP doesn't have unsigned integers: // I've solved this problem by doing a '&' after a '>>'. // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; $len = strlen ( $text ); // Perform the algorithm on each character in the string, // using the lookup table values. for( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ;++ $i ) { $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $text { $i })]; } // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } function __crc32_file ( $name ) { // Creates a CRC from a file // Info: look at __crc32_string // Start out with all bits set high. $crc = 0xffffffff ; if(( $fp = fopen ( $name , 'rb' ))=== false ) return false ; // Perform the algorithm on each character in file for(;;) { $i =@ fread ( $fp , 1 ); if( strlen ( $i )== 0 ) break; $crc =(( $crc >> 8 ) & 0x00ffffff ) ^ $GLOBALS [ '__crc32_table' ][( $crc & 0xFF ) ^ ord ( $i )]; } @ fclose ( $fp ); // Exclusive OR the result with the beginning value. return $crc ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> up down 1 spectrumizer at cycos dot net ¶ 23 years ago Here is a tested and working CRC16-Algorithm: <?php function crc16 ( $string ) { $crc = 0xFFFF ; for ( $x = 0 ; $x < strlen ( $string ); $x ++) { $crc = $crc ^ ord ( $string [ $x ]); for ( $y = 0 ; $y < 8 ; $y ++) { if (( $crc & 0x0001 ) == 0x0001 ) { $crc = (( $crc >> 1 ) ^ 0xA001 ); } else { $crc = $crc >> 1 ; } } } return $crc ; } ?> Regards, Mario up down 1 Ren ¶ 18 years ago Dealing with 32 bit unsigned values overflowing 32 bit php signed values can be done by adding 0x10000000 to any unexpected negative result, rather than using sprintf. $i = crc32('1'); printf("%u\n", $i); if (0 > $i) { // Implicitly casts i as float, and corrects this sign. $i += 0x100000000; } var_dump($i); Outputs: 2212294583 float(2212294583) up down 0 dotg at mail dot ru ¶ 9 years ago crc32() on php 32bit and 64 bit not equal in some values i use abs for result in positive for 32 bit not equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 1 )); ?> 64 bit 2212294583 32 bit 2082672713 equal <?=abs ( crc32 ( 3 )); ?> 64 bit 1842515611 32 bit 1842515611 up down 0 toggio at writeme dot com ¶ 9 years ago A faster implementation of modbus CRC16 function crc16($data) { $crc = 0xFFFF; for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($data); $i++) { $crc ^=ord($data[$i]); for ($j = 8; $j !=0; $j--) { if (($crc & 0x0001) !=0) { $crc >>= 1; $crc ^= 0xA001; } else $crc >>= 1; } } return $crc; } up down -1 mail at tristansmis dot nl ¶ 18 years ago I used the abs value of this function on a 32-bit system. When porting the code to a 64-bit system I’ve found that the value is different. The following code has the same outcome on both systems. <?php $crc = abs ( crc32 ( $string )); if( $crc & 0x80000000 ){ $crc ^= 0xffffffff ; $crc += 1 ; } / Old solution * $crc = abs(crc32($string)) */ ?> up down -2 gabri dot ns at gmail dot com ¶ 15 years ago if you are looking for a fast function to hash a file, take a look at http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.hash-file.php this is crc32 file checker based on a CRC32 guide it have performance at ~ 625 KB/s on my 2.2GHz Turion far slower than hash_file('crc32b','filename.ext') <?php function crc32_file ( $filename ) { $f = @ fopen ( $filename , 'rb' ); if (! $f ) return false ; static $CRC32Table , $Reflect8Table ; if (!isset( $CRC32Table )) { $Polynomial = 0x04c11db7 ; $topBit = 1 << 31 ; for( $i = 0 ; $i < 256 ; $i ++) { $remainder = $i << 24 ; for ( $j = 0 ; $j < 8 ; $j ++) { if ( $remainder & $topBit ) $remainder = ( $remainder << 1 ) ^ $Polynomial ; else $remainder = $remainder << 1 ; } $CRC32Table [ $i ] = $remainder ; if (isset( $Reflect8Table [ $i ])) continue; $str = str_pad ( decbin ( $i ), 8 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $num = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); $Reflect8Table [ $i ] = $num ; $Reflect8Table [ $num ] = $i ; } } $remainder = 0xffffffff ; while ( $data = fread ( $f , 1024 )) { $len = strlen ( $data ); for ( $i = 0 ; $i < $len ; $i ++) { $byte = $Reflect8Table [ ord ( $data [ $i ])]; $index = (( $remainder >> 24 ) & 0xff ) ^ $byte ; $crc = $CRC32Table [ $index ]; $remainder = ( $remainder << 8 ) ^ $crc ; } } $str = decbin ( $remainder ); $str = str_pad ( $str , 32 , '0' , STR_PAD_LEFT ); $remainder = bindec ( strrev ( $str )); return $remainder ^ 0xffffffff ; } ?> <?php $a = microtime (); echo dechex ( crc32_file ( 'filename.ext' )). "\n" ; $b = microtime (); echo array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $b )) - array_sum ( explode ( ' ' , $a )). "\n" ; ?> Output: ec7369fe 2.384134054184 (or similiar) ＋ add a note String Functions addcslashes addslashes bin2hex chop chr chunk_split convert_uudecode convert_uuencode count_chars crc32 crypt echo explode fprintf get_html_translation_table hebrev hex2bin html_entity_decode htmlentities htmlspecialchars htmlspecialchars_decode implode join lcfirst levenshtein localeconv ltrim md5 md5_file metaphone nl_langinfo nl2br number_format ord parse_str print printf quoted_printable_decode quoted_printable_encode quotemeta rtrim setlocale sha1 sha1_file similar_text soundex sprintf sscanf str_contains str_decrement str_ends_with str_getcsv str_increment str_ireplace str_pad str_repeat str_replace str_rot13 str_shuffle str_split str_starts_with str_word_count strcasecmp strchr strcmp strcoll strcspn strip_tags stripcslashes stripos stripslashes stristr strlen strnatcasecmp strnatcmp strncasecmp strncmp strpbrk strpos strrchr strrev strripos strrpos strspn strstr strtok strtolower strtoupper strtr substr substr_compare substr_count substr_replace trim ucfirst ucwords vfprintf vprintf vsprintf wordwrap Deprecated convert_cyr_string hebrevc money_format utf8_decode utf8_encode Copyright © 2001-2026 The PHP Documentation Group My PHP.net Contact Other PHP.net sites Privacy policy ↑ and ↓ to navigate • Enter to select • Esc to close • / to open Press Enter without selection to search using Google	2026-01-13T09:30:38
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https://llvm.org/doxygen/classuint8__t.html	LLVM: uint8_t Class Reference LLVM  22.0.0git uint8_t Class Reference Detailed Description Examples /work/as-worker-4/publish-doxygen-docs/llvm-project/llvm/include/llvm/Transforms/Utils/Local.h . The documentation for this class was generated from the following files: Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:39
https://llvm.org/doxygen/DemangleConfig_8h.html#ae4a4b6b609be6808e094304ae8d981f7	LLVM: include/llvm/Demangle/DemangleConfig.h File Reference LLVM  22.0.0git include llvm Demangle Macros DemangleConfig.h File Reference #include "llvm/Config/llvm-config.h" #include <cassert> Go to the source code of this file. Macros #define  __has_feature (x) #define  __has_cpp_attribute (x) #define  __has_attribute (x) #define  __has_builtin (x) #define  DEMANGLE_GNUC_PREREQ (maj, min, patch) #define  DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_USED #define  DEMANGLE_UNREACHABLE #define  DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE #define  DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD     DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_USED #define  DEMANGLE_FALLTHROUGH #define  DEMANGLE_ASSERT (__expr, __msg) #define  DEMANGLE_NAMESPACE_BEGIN    namespace llvm { namespace itanium_demangle { #define  DEMANGLE_NAMESPACE_END    } } #define  DEMANGLE_ABI   DEMANGLE_ABI is the export/visibility macro used to mark symbols delcared in llvm/Demangle as exported when built as a shared library. Macro Definition Documentation ◆  __has_attribute #define __has_attribute ( x ) Value: 0 Definition at line 30 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  __has_builtin #define __has_builtin ( x ) Value: 0 Definition at line 34 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  __has_cpp_attribute #define __has_cpp_attribute ( x ) Value: 0 Definition at line 26 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  __has_feature #define __has_feature ( x ) Value: 0 Definition at line 22 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  DEMANGLE_ABI #define DEMANGLE_ABI DEMANGLE_ABI is the export/visibility macro used to mark symbols delcared in llvm/Demangle as exported when built as a shared library. Definition at line 115 of file DemangleConfig.h . Referenced by llvm::ms_demangle::Node::output() , parse_discriminator() , and llvm::ms_demangle::Demangler::~Demangler() . ◆  DEMANGLE_ASSERT #define DEMANGLE_ASSERT ( __expr , __msg  ) Value: assert ((__expr) && (__msg)) assert assert(UImm &&(UImm !=~static_cast< T >(0)) &&"Invalid immediate!") Definition at line 94 of file DemangleConfig.h . Referenced by OutputBuffer::back() , PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::back() , ExplicitObjectParameter::ExplicitObjectParameter() , SpecialSubstitution::getBaseName() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::OperatorInfo::getSymbol() , OutputBuffer::insert() , PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::operator[]() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseTemplateParam() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseUnresolvedName() , PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::pop_back() , AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::popTrailingNodeArray() , PODSmallVector< Node , 8 >::shrinkToSize() , Node::visit() , and AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::ScopedTemplateParamList::~ScopedTemplateParamList() . ◆  DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE #define DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE Definition at line 69 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_USED #define DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_USED Definition at line 53 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD #define DEMANGLE_DUMP_METHOD    DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_NOINLINE DEMANGLE_ATTRIBUTE_USED Definition at line 73 of file DemangleConfig.h . Referenced by Node::dump() . ◆  DEMANGLE_FALLTHROUGH #define DEMANGLE_FALLTHROUGH Definition at line 85 of file DemangleConfig.h . Referenced by AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseType() . ◆  DEMANGLE_GNUC_PREREQ #define DEMANGLE_GNUC_PREREQ ( maj , min , patch  ) Value: 0 Definition at line 46 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  DEMANGLE_NAMESPACE_BEGIN #define DEMANGLE_NAMESPACE_BEGIN   namespace llvm { namespace itanium_demangle { Definition at line 97 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  DEMANGLE_NAMESPACE_END #define DEMANGLE_NAMESPACE_END   } } Definition at line 98 of file DemangleConfig.h . ◆  DEMANGLE_UNREACHABLE #define DEMANGLE_UNREACHABLE Definition at line 61 of file DemangleConfig.h . Referenced by demanglePointerCVQualifiers() , ExpandedSpecialSubstitution::getBaseName() , and AbstractManglingParser< Derived, Alloc >::parseExpr() . Generated on for LLVM by  1.14.0	2026-01-13T09:30:39
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https://www.frontendinterviewhandbook.com/es/companies/salesforce-front-end-interview-questions	Salesforce Front End Interview Questions \| The Official Front End Interview Handbook 2025 Saltar al contenido principal We are now part of GreatFrontEnd , a front end interview preparation platform created by ex-Meta and Google Engineers. Get 20% off today ! Front End Interview Handbook Start reading Practice Coding Questions System Design Quiz Questions System design Blog Español English 简体中文 Español 日本語 한국어 Polski Português Русский Tagalog বাংলা Buscar Introduction Coding interview JavaScript coding User interface coding Algorithms coding Quiz/trivia interview System design interview Overview User interface components Applications Behavorial interviews Resume preparation Interview questions 🔥 Amazon interview questions Google interview questions Microsoft interview questions Meta interview questions Airbnb interview questions ByteDance/TikTok interview questions Atlassian interview questions Uber interview questions Apple interview questions Canva interview questions Dropbox interview questions LinkedIn interview questions Lyft interview questions Twitter interview questions Shopify interview questions Pinterest interview questions Reddit interview questions Adobe interview questions Palantir interview questions Salesforce interview questions Oracle interview questions Interview questions 🔥 Salesforce interview questions En esta página Salesforce Front End Interview Questions Latest version on GreatFrontEnd Find more company guides on GreatFrontEnd . Not much is known about Salesforce's front end interview process. Coding Flatten a nested array. Practice question (Free) Quiz questions What is the event loop? Read answer (Free) What is a closure? Read answer (Free) Positioning in CSS. Read answer (Free) Source: Glassdoor Salesforce UI Developer Interview Questions Insider tips from the GreatFrontEnd community These tips were shared by GreatFrontEnd users who have completed interviews with Salesforce. 25th Apr 2025 : They rescheduled my interview. Finally got the opportunity to talk to them yesterday. Was asked 2 easy LC( !! ) I was specifically asked if I would be comfortable coding in React, and after confirmation and 2 weeks of continuous React study, I was given 2 leetcode questions in the CoderPad 🤷🏼‍♀️ A version of the high five problem was asked and one was about calculating the distance a robot has moved. 18th Oct 2024 : Yes, I had a OA which had 2 medium/hard dynamic programming question 1 hour. It was pretty hard 🤕 Ah, I had some grouping of CPU tasks which was 2D dp. Currently I'm on the final round, so I assume this round would be either system design or a class design round. I'm not sure which one though For more insider tips, visit GreatFrontEnd ! Editar esta página Última actualización en 30 nov 2025 por Danielle Ford Anterior Palantir interview questions Siguiente Oracle interview questions Table of Contents Coding Quiz questions Insider tips from the GreatFrontEnd community General Get started Trivia questions Company questions Blog Coding Algorithms JavaScript utility functions User interfaces System design System design overview User interface components Applications More GreatFrontEnd GitHub X Discord Contact us Tech Interview Handbook Copyright © 2025 Yangshun Tay and GreatFrontEnd	2026-01-13T09:30:39

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