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9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.1.2.5 Observations from source [11] | A summary of the physical layer latency performance analysis for the DL-based positioning methods is provided in Table 8.1.2.5-1.
Table 8.1.2.5-1: NR Rel.16 positioning - latency performance summary [11]
Description
Evaluation Case
L1 Latency1, ms
Case ID: 1, Scenario: UE-Assisted Positioning with MG configuration, Fr... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.1.2.6 Observations from source [5] | Summary of latency performance analysis is provided in Table 8.1.2.6-1.
Table 8.1.2.6-1: NR Rel.16 positioning – latency performance summary [5]
Description
Evaluation Case
L1 Latency
ms
Commercial requirements [100]ms are met -Yes/No
- If no, provide performance gaps
IIoT requirements of [10ms] are met - Yes/No.
If no... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.1.2.7 Observations from source [12] | Summary of latency performance analysis is provided in Table 8.1.2.7-1.
Table 8.1.2.7-1: NR Rel.16 positioning – latency performance summary [12]
Description
Evaluation Case
L1 Latency, ms
Case1, DL-TDOA,FR1
54.125
Case2, UL-TDOA,FR1
23.25
Case3, UE- based method,FR1
54.125
Case4, DL-TDOA,FR2
52.56
Case5, UL-TDOA,FR2
2... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.1.2.8 Observations from source [10] | Summary of latency performance analysis is provided in Table 8.1.2.8-1.
Table 8.1.2.8-1: NR Rel.16 positioning – latency performance summary[10]
Description
Evaluation Case
L1 Latency, ms
Case 1, InF, FR1, R.16 DL-TDOA/DL-AoD
4.5714 (L1 components) +
[36] (L2/L3 components) +
88.5 (DL PRS processing) =
129.07 ms (total... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.1.2.9 Observations from source [16] | The latency analysis for each case is summarized in the following table:
Table 8.1.2.9-1: NR Rel.16 positioning – latency performance summary [16]
Description
Evaluation Case
L1 Latency, ms
Latency analysis for UE-assisted DL methods (Case 1)
33
UE-based DL methods (Case 2)
22-72
UE-assisted UL methods (Case 3)
12
UE-a... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.1.2.10 Observations from source [17] | Summary of latency performance analysis is provided in Table 8.1.2.10-1.
Table 8.1.2.10-1: NR Rel.16 positioning – latency performance summary [17]
NR Rel-16 Scenario
L1-layer Latency Expected Range (ms)
UE-Assisted DL-only Positioning, RRC Connected State
57 - 823
UE-based DL-only Positioning, RRC Inactive State, Exte... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.1.2.11 Observations from source [15] | Summary of latency performance analysis is provided in Table 8.1.2.11-1.
Table 8.1.2.11-1: NR positioning – latency analysis [15]
Description
Evaluation Case
Assumptions
L1 Latency, ms
(including preparation/processing time at higher layer)
L1 Latency, ms
(excluding preparation/processing time at higher layer)
Case 1, ... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.1.3 Higher layer latency analysis for Rel-16 | |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.1.3.1 Latency analysis for DL-TDOA/DL-AoD | Referred to [27], Figure 8.1.3.1-1 shows the messaging between the LMF, the AMF, the gNBs and the UE to perform DL-TDOA and DL-AoD procedure.
Figure 8.1.3.1-1: DL-TDOA/DL-AoD positioning procedure
The latency performance analysis for UE assisted DL-TDOA and DL-AoD are provided in table 8.1.3.1-1.
Table 8.1.3.1-1: Laten... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.1.3.2 Latency analysis for UL-TDOA/UL-AoA | Referred to [27], Figure 8.1.3.2-1 shows the messaging between the LMF, the AMF, the gNBs and the UE to perform UL-TDOA and UL-AoA procedure.
Figure 8.1.3.2-1: UL-TDOA/UL-AoA positioning procedure
The latency performance analysis for UE assisted UL-TDOA and UL-AoA are provided in table 8.1.3.2-1.
Table 8.1.3.2-1: Laten... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.1.3.3 Latency analysis for Multi-RTT | Referred to [27], Figure 8.1.3.3-1 shows the messaging between the LMF, the AMF, the gNBs and the UE to perform Multi-RTT procedure.
Figure 8.1.3.3-1: Multi-RTT positioning procedure
The latency performance analysis for UE assisted Multi-RTT are provided in table 8.1.3.3-1.
Table 8.1.3.3-1: Latency performance analysis... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.1.3.4 Latency analysis for NR E-CID | Referred to [27], Figure 8.1.3.4-1 shows the messaging between the LMF, the AMF, the gNBs and the UE to perform Downlink NR E-CID procedure.
Figure 8.1.3.4-1: Downlink NR E-CID positioning procedure
The latency performance analysis for Downlink NR E-CID are provided in table 8.1.3.3-1.
Table 8.1.3.4-1: Latency performa... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2 Performance analysis of studied NR positioning enhancements | ¨This clause presents the observations made by sources regarding the studied NR positioning enhancements. Detailed results can be found in annex C.2. |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.1 Positioning accuracy analysis for NR positioning enhancements | |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.1.1 Observations from source [4] | Table 8.2.1.1-1 captures observations based on evaluations results of NR positioning enhancements for horizontal location error.
Table 8.2.1.1-1: NR positioning enhancements – horizontal accuracy performance summary [4]
Simulation case
(Horizontal Error)
Gain vs Rel.16 solution, @[90]%, [m]
Accuracy achieved @[90]%
Com... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.1.2 Observations from source [7] | Table 8.2.1.2-1 captures observations based on evaluations results of NR positioning enhancements for horizontal location error.
Table 8.2.1.2-1: NR positioning enhancements – horizontal accuracy performance summary [7]
Simulation case
(Horizontal Error)
Gain vs Rel.16 solution, @[90]%, [m]
Accuracy achieved @[90]%
Cas... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.1.3 Observations from source [8] | Table 8.2.1.3-1 captures observations based on evaluations results of NR positioning enhancements for horizontal location error.
Table 8.2.1.3-1: NR positioning enhancements – horizontal accuracy performance summary [8]
Simulation case
(Horizontal Error)
Gain vs Rel.16 solution, @[90]%, [m]
Accuracy achieved @[90]%
IIo... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.1.4 Observations from source [13] | Simulation case
(Horizontal Error)
Accuracy achieved @[90]%
Case 1, [InF-SH, UL-TDOA, FR1,100 MHz]
1.94
Case 2, [InF-DH, UL-TDOA, FR1, 100 MHz]
4.2 |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.1.5 Observations from source [5] | Table 8.2.1.5-1.1 to Table 8.2.1.5-1.9 captures observations based on evaluations results of NR positioning enhancements for horizontal location error.
Table 8.2.1.5-1.1: NR positioning enhancements – horizontal accuracy performance summary for baseline with RAIM [5]
Simulation case
(Horizontal Error)
Gain vs Rel.16 so... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.1.6 Observations from source [12] | Table 8.2.1.6-1 captures observations based on evaluations results of NR positioning enhancements for horizontal location error.
Table 8.2.1.6-1: NR positioning enhancements – horizontal accuracy performance summary [12]
Simulation cases
(Horizontal Error)
Gain vs Rel.16 solution, @[90]%, [m]
Accuracy achieved @[90]%
I... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.1.7 Observations from source [10] | Table 8.2.1.7-1 captures observations based on evaluations results of NR positioning enhancements for horizontal location error.
Table 8.2.1.7-1: NR positioning enhancements – horizontal accuracy performance summary [10]
Simulation case (Horizontal Error)
Gain vs Rel.16 solution, @[90]%, [m]
Accuracy achieved @[90]%
Ca... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.1.8 Observations from source [18] | Table 8.2.1.8-1 captures observations based on evaluations results of NR positioning enhancements for horizontal location error.
Table 8.2.1.8-1: NR positioning enhancements – horizontal accuracy performance summary [18]
Simulation case
(Horizontal Error)
Gain vs Rel.16 solution, @[90]%, [m]
Commercial horizontal accur... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.1.9 Observations from source [14] | Table 8.2.1.9-1 captures observations based on evaluations results of NR positioning enhancements for horizontal location error.
Table 8.2.1.9-1: NR positioning enhancements – horizontal accuracy performance summary [14]
Simulation case
(Horizontal Error)
Accuracy achieved @[90]%
[Case 7], [InF-SH], [FR2], [400 MHz], [... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.1.10 Observations from source [21] | Table 8.2.1.10-1 captures observations based on evaluations results of NR positioning enhancements for horizontal location error.
Table 8.2.1.10-1: NR positioning enhancements – horizontal accuracy performance summary [21]
Simulation case
(Horizontal Error)
Gain vs Rel.16 solution, @[90]%, [m]
Accuracy achieved @[90]%
... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.1.11 Observations from source [17] | Table 8.2.1.11-1 captures observations based on evaluations results of NR positioning enhancements for horizontal location error.
Table 8.2.1.11-1: NR positioning enhancements – horizontal accuracy performance summary [17]
Simulation case
(Horizontal Error)
Commercial horizontal accuracy requirements [1]m @[90]% are me... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.2 Physical layer latency analysis for NR positioning enhancements | |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.2.1 Observations from source [4] | Observations on NR positioning latency enhancements are provided in Table 8.2.2.1-1.
Table 8.2.2.1-1: NR positioning enhancements - physical layer latency performance summary [4]
Description
Evaluation Case
L1 Latency,ms
Gain over R16, ms
Commercial requirements [100]ms are met
Yes/No.
If no, provide performance gaps
I... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.2.2 Observations from source [8] | Table 8.2.2.2-1: NR positioning enhancements - physical layer latency performance summary [8]
Description
Evaluation Case
L1 Latency,
ms
Gain over R16, ms
Commercial requirements [100]ms are met
Yes/No.
If No, provide performance gaps
IIoT requirements of [10]ms are met
Yes/No.
If No, provide performance gaps
IIoT requ... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.2.3 Observations from source [5] | Observations on NR positioning latency enhancements are provided in Table 8.2.2.3-1.
Table 8.2.2.3-1: NR positioning enhancements - physical layer latency performance summary [5]
Description
Evaluation Case
L1 Latency,ms
Gain over R16, ms
Commercial requirements [100]ms are met
Yes/No.
If no, provide performance gaps
I... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.2.4 Observations from source [10] | Observations on NR positioning latency enhancements are provided in Table 8.2.2.4-1.
Table 8.2.2.4-1: NR positioning enhancements - physical layer latency performance summary
Description
Evaluation Case
L1 Latency, ms
Gain over R16, ms
Case 4, InF, FR1, R17, DL-TDOA/DL-AoD
3.8839 (L1 components) +
4 (L2/L3 components) ... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.2.5 Observations from source [16] | The latency analysis for each enhancement scenario is summarized in the following table:
Description
Evaluation Case
L1 Latency, ms
Gain over R16 (UE-assisted DL methods (Case 1)), ms
No measurement gap DL methods
16
17
Measurement gap activation/deactivation DL methods
24
09
On-demand DL PRS methods
22
11 |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.2.6 Observations from source [17] | Observations on NR positioning latency enhancements are provided in Table 8.2.2.1.6-1.
Table 8.2.2.6-1: NR positioning enhancements - physical layer latency performance summary
Description
Evaluation Case
Gain over R16, ms
Support Low-layer (e.g., unicast/group-common DCI, MAC-CE) triggering of DL/UL PRS transmission/m... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.2.2.7 Observations from source [15] | Summary of latency performance analysis is provided in Table 8.2.2.7-1.
Table 8.2.2.7-1: NR positioning enhancements – latency analysis [15]
Description
Evaluation Case
Assumptions
L1 Latency, ms
(including preparation/processing time at higher layer)
L1 Latency, ms
(excluding preparation/processing time at higher laye... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.3 Efficiency analysis for NR positioning enhancements | In this report, Network efficiency and UE efficiency is evaluated either via analytically or via simulations. This clause presents the observations made by sources. Detailed results can be found in annex C.3. |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.3.1 Network efficiency analysis for NR positioning enhancements | |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.3.1.1 Observations from source [5] | PRS resource utilization with different periodicities were evaluated
- In FR1, for 20 ms DL PRS periodicity and MG periodicity, 3ms MGL, 30 kHz subcarrier spacing, comb 6 and 6 symbols per PRS resource, 18 positioning sites and 1 beams per site, PRS resource utilization is 3.21% while the MGL/MGRP (UE overhead) is 15... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.3.1.2 Observations from source [18] | Summary of cyclic shift enhancements SRS is provided in Table 8.3.1.2.-1.
Table 8.3.1.2-1: NR positioning enhancements - Cyclic shift SRS enhancements [18]
Scenario
Rel-16/ Rel-17 enhancements
COMB
nbSym
Cyclic shift range
max number of CSs
Number of simultaneous UEs of CS separated
Improvement factor vs Rel16
Umi
CS ... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.3.2 UE efficiency analysis for NR positioning enhancements | |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.3.2.1 Observations from source [4] | Observations on NR positioning UE efficiency enhancements are provided in Table 8.3.2.1-1.
Table 8.3.2.1-1: NR positioning enhancements – UE efficiency summary [4]
Description
Evaluation Case
Power consumption
Power saved
Case P1: IDLE/INACTIVE state in every 1.28s
26392
7.2% to Case P2
30.4% to Case P3
Case P2: CONNEC... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.3.2.2 Observations from source [5] | Observations of UE efficiency for power consumption
Table 8.3.2.2-1: NR positioning enhancements – power consumption performance in connected state [5]
Power saving scheme description
Average power consumption
(power unit)
Power reduction compared to baseline
Note
PRS measurement impacted by DRX
53.5625(baseline)
2 PRS... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 8.4 Summary of performance evaluations | Performance analysis of baseline I-IoT InF scenarios shows that InF-SH scenario (Scenario 1) is characterized by high probability of LOS links. In InF-DH (Scenario 2) the probability of LOS links is reduced substantially while probability of NLOS links is increased accordingly.
For the case without modeling synchroniza... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9 Positioning integrity and reliability | |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.1 Integrity overview – Background information | |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.1.1 Integrity concepts | The ability to navigate safely means users must trust their estimated position with a high degree of confidence. The trustworthiness of position estimates is the study of positioning integrity, which is adapted from TR 22.872 [30] as follows:
Positioning Integrity: A measure of the trust in the accuracy of the position... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.1.1.1 Accuracy and integrity | To understand the necessity of introducing the concept of positioning integrity, it is important to understand how it differs from the more familiar concept of Accuracy.
Positioning accuracy and positioning integrity are related but separate concepts, and for many use cases, accuracy alone is insufficient to meet the r... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.1.1.2 Integrity key performance indicators (KPIs) | The following KPIs for positioning integrity are defined for the study:
Target Integrity Risk (TIR): The probability that the positioning error exceeds the Alert Limit (AL) without warning the user within the required Time-to-Alert (TTA).
NOTE: The TIR is usually defined as a probability rate per some time unit (e.g., ... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.1.1.3 Integrity protection level (PL) | The Protection Level (PL) is a real-time upper bound on the positioning error at the required degree of confidence, where the degree of confidence is determined by the TIR probability.
The PL is defined as follows:
Protection Level: The PL is a statistical upper-bound of the Positioning Error (PE) that ensures that, th... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.1.1.4 Relationship between the PL and KPIs | The TIR is a design constraint for a positioning system and represents the probability that a positioning error exceeds the AL, but the positioning system fails to alert the user within the required period of time (i.e., TTA). In practice, the TIR is very small. For example, <10-7/hr TIR translates to one failure permi... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.2 Use cases | RAT-Independent GNSS positioning integrity monitoring has a long operational history in the field of civil aviation [38][39][40][41][46]. The positioning integrity framework examined in this study extends beyond aviation, to address a broader suite of use case and architectural considerations for the 3GPP system. These... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.2.1 Automotive | |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.2.1.1 Road-level identification and road-user charging | Positioning integrity is a key input to determining whether a road vehicle is traveling on a highway or a neighbouring access road (e.g., a collector-distributor lane). For example, consider a manufacturer wanting to ensure their Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) only activates when the vehicle is on a highway.... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.2.1.2 Lane-level identification | The same concepts and methods from 9.2.1.1 also apply to validating the lane in which the vehicle is traveling. Lane change warnings and manoeuvres are a crucial input to enabling various Levels of autonomy [42] which are illustrated in the 5GAA use case requirements [37], such as an AL of 1.5m and TIR of 1x10-7/hr or ... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.2.2 Rail | |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.2.2.1 Safety-critical applications | Automatic Train Protection (ATP) applications are used to ensure that trains run safely and efficiently on the right tracks with appropriate speed. Automatic Train Protection aims to prevent a train proceeding beyond the point of danger and to prevent the speed of the train exceeding the permissible limit in the event ... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.2.2.2 Liability-critical applications | Asset Management. The accuracy and confidence on the position needed for the location of the assets in some cases can be demanding and require high precision and reliable surveying. Fixed asset management applications are linked with the railway environment, from the infrastructure surveying and structural monitoring t... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.2.3 Industrial IoT | In contrast to consumer-oriented Internet of Things (IoT), Industrial IoT (IIoT) use cases predominantly focus on operational, safety, and financially beneficial applications of the IoT ecosystem for businesses, infrastructure, and various industries. IIoT positioning integrity/reliability requirements are essential gi... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.2.3.1 Path and zone identification for AGV | Positioning integrity is a key input to determining whether an AGV such as a forklift, in a factory or an open space such as ports or construction buildings, is traveling on the narrow halls within lots of different machinery. Aside from the demanding positioning accuracy, the trust needs to be assigned for the path an... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.2.4 Use case summary | Table 9.2.4 is adapted from [35][36] and supplemented by [34][37]. It summarises the typical KPI ranges to be expected on implementation for the Automotive and Rail categories. Importantly, the KPIs are illustrative only; KPIs are typically specified by the positioning system provider on implementation (e.g., a vehicle... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.3 Positioning integrity error categories | |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.3.1 RAT-independent | |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.3.1.1 A-GNSS feared events | This clause describes the types of feared events to be considered for implementing positioning integrity using A-GNSS. The feared events are further addressed as part of the UE-based and UE-assisted positioning integrity mode considerations in Clause 9.4, including the summary of feared events in Table 9.4.1.1. |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.3.1.1.1 Feared events in the GNSS assistance data | a) Incorrect computation of the GNSS Assistance Data
GNSS correction networks collect and process GNSS measurements in order to estimate various GNSS corrections (e.g., the satellite orbits, clocks, etc.). If the corrections contain incorrect data, this can lead to incorrect computation of the PL and a potential integr... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.3.1.1.2 Feared events during positioning data transmission | a) Data integrity faults
Data tampering e.g., spoofing can also affect the quality and integrity of the positioning services provided by 5GS. For instance, the interface between 5GS and a GNSS Corrections Network (need for RTK, PPP-RTK, etc.) may be vulnerable to malicious attacks. The situation here is similar to the ... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.3.1.1.3 GNSS feared events | GNSS feared events are those which occur external to the UE and potentially impact the quality and availability of the GNSS signals.
a) Satellite feared events
Satellites can suffer HW failures and potentially output an incorrect signal for a period of time or permanently, depending on the magnitude of the issue. In si... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.3.1.1.4 UE feared events | UE specific errors are not possible to mitigate with assistance data from the network, the UE is responsible for mitigating these feared events locally, based on implementation.
a) GNSS receiver measurement error
Measurement errors are also induced by the receiver tracking loops, so this is an inherent noise within the... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.3.1.1.5 LMF feared events | a) Hardware faults
b) Software faults |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.4 Positioning integrity methods | |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.4.1 RAT-independent | The scope of this study is limited to examining positioning integrity considerations for A-GNSS positioning. |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.4.1.1 A-GNSS positioning integrity methods | The 3GPP specifications can be extended to support the determination of positioning integrity, by defining information elements and signalling procedures to transport assistance information to mitigate feared events. A summary of the feared events studied in Clause 9.3 is provided in Table 9.4.1.1 below, including exam... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.4.1.1.1 Signalling considerations | The following LPP signalling was identified in the study, for consideration in the WI:
a) Signalling to determine the positioning integrity capability
b) Signalling to deliver the KPIs and integrity results
c) Signalling to deliver the integrity assistance information to the UE
d) Signalling to deliver the integrity in... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 9.4.1.1.2 Summary of A-GNSS positioning integrity methods | The detection of feared events is necessary to support the implementation of positioning integrity. Assistance information and associated IEs can be optionally sent between the LMF and the UE to mitigate the feared events. LPP signalling considerations for UE-based and UE-assisted positioning integrity have been examin... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 10 Identified NR impacts in Rel-17 | |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 10.1 NR positioning for UEs in RRC_INACTIVE state | NR positioning for UEs in RRC_INACTIVE state is recommended for normative work, including
- DL, UL and DL+UL positioning methods
- UE-based and UE-assisted positioning solutions
- Support of UE positioning measurements for UEs in RRC_inactive state
- Options that can be considered include DL-PRS or DL-PRS and SSB
- Sup... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 10.2 On-demand transmission and reception of DL PRS | From a physical layer perspective, on-demand transmission and reception of DL PRS, which includes at least the following is recommended
- UE-initiated request of on-demand DL PRS transmission
- LMF (network)-initiated request of on-demand DL PRS transmission
- Above enhancements are recommended for both DL and DL+UL po... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 10.3 Aggregation of DL PRS resources | Simultaneous transmission by the gNB and reception by the UE of intra-band one or more contiguous carriers in one or more contiguous PFLs can be studied further and if needed, specified during normative work
- From both gNB and UE perspective, the applicability and feasibility of this enhancement for different scenario... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 10.4 Aggregation of SRS for positioning resources | Simultaneous transmission by the UE and aggregated reception by the gNB of the SRS for positioning in multiple contiguous intra-band carriers can be studied further and if needed, specified during normative work.
- From both gNB and UE perspective, the applicability and feasibility of this enhancement for different sce... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 10.5 Enhancements for UE Rx/Tx and gNB Rx/Tx timing delays | The methods, measurements, signaling, and procedures for improving positioning accuracy in the presence of the UE Rx/Tx timing delays, and/or gNB Rx/Tx timing delays are recommended for normative work, including
- DL, UL and DL+UL positioning methods
- UE-based and UE-assisted positioning solutions
- Note: The details ... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 10.6 Enhancements for angle based methods | The enhancements of the procedure, measurements, reporting, and signalling for improving the accuracy of
- UL AoA is recommended for normative work for network-based positioning solutions.
- DL-AoD is recommended for normative work for UE-based and network-based (including UE-assisted) positioning solutions. |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 10.7 Enhancements of information reporting from UE and gNB for supporting multipath/NLOS mitigation | Enhancements of information reporting from UE and gNB for supporting multipath/NLOS mitigation can be studied further, and if needed, specified during normative work for improving positioning accuracy.
- Note: The details of the enhancements of reporting are left for further discussion in normative work, which may incl... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 10.8 Enhancements of signaling & procedures for reducing NR positioning latency | Aperiodic reception of DL PRS from the TRPs of the serving gNB and aperiodic reception of DL PRS from the TRPs of the neighbouring gNBs can be studied further and if needed, specified during normative work.
- Note: Aperiodic reception corresponds to DCI-triggered reception
Semi-persistent reception of DL PRS from the T... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 10.9 DL positioning measurement in RRC_IDLE state | From a physical layer perspective, it is feasible for a UE to perform DL positioning measurement in RRC_IDLE state.
- Note: This does not imply that measurements have to be reported in RRC_IDLE state.
The following procedures are considered as feasible for DL positioning methods in RRC_IDLE:
- Reporting of DL-PRS measu... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 10.10 RAT-Independent positioning | RAT-Independent positioning in RRC_IDLE/INACTIVE is recommended for normative work. The exact procedures that can be supported for RAT-Independent positioning in RRC_IDLE/INACTVE can be further studied. |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 10.11 Signalling and procedures to support GNSS positioning integrity | Signalling and procedures to support GNSS positioning integrity determination are recommended for normative work. The details of the solutions are left for further discussion in normative work, which may include the following aspects:
- The assistance information that will be used to support integrity determination;
- ... |
9500dacfd2de439e4aa20a2d6e994f8f | 38.857 | 11 Conclusions | This study focused on the analysis of potential enhancements and solutions necessary to support the high accuracy, low latency, high network efficiency and device efficiency to NR positioning targeting both general commercial and IIOT use cases.
In the study item, Rel-17 target positioning requirements for RAT dependen... |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 1 Scope | The present document specifies the protocols of communication between a DS-TT and a TSN AF or a NW-TT and a TSN AF as specified in 3GPP TS 23.501 [2] for:
a) Ethernet port management; and
b) Bridge management. |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 2 References | The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document.
- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non‑specific.
- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
- Fo... |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 3 Definitions of terms, symbols and abbreviations | |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 3.1 Terms | For the purposes of the present document, the terms given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1].
example: text used to clarify abstract rules by applying them literally.
Parameter-entry: ... |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 3.2 Abbreviations | For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1].
5GS 5G System
AF Application function
BMS Bridge Management Servi... |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 4 General | For time sensitive communication (TSC), a 5G system (5GS) can be integrated as a bridge in a time-sensitive networking (TSN) network (i.e. a TSN bridge).
The device-side TSN translator (DS-TT) is deployed at the UE-side edge and the network-side TSN translator (NW-TT) is deployed at the network-side edge in order to in... |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 5 Elementary procedures between TSN AF and DS-TT | |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 5.1 General | The UE and the network may support transfer of standardized and deployment-specific Ethernet port management information between a time-sensitive networking (TSN) AF and the DS-TT at the UE, to manage the Ethernet port used at the DS-TT for a PDU session of "Ethernet" PDU session type. The Ethernet port management mess... |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 5.2 Procedures | |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 5.2.1 Network-requested Ethernet port management procedure | |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 5.2.1.1 General | The purpose of the network-requested Ethernet port management procedure is to enable the TSN AF to:
a) obtain the list of port management parameters supported by the DS-TT;
b) obtain the current values of port management parameters at the DS-TT Ethernet port;
c) set the values of port management parameters at the DS-TT... |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 5.2.1.2 Network-requested Ethernet port management procedure initiation | In order to initiate the network-requested Ethernet port management procedure, the TSN AF shall:
a) encode the information about the port management parameters values to be read, the port management parameters values to be set, the port management parameters changes to (un)subscribe to, the port management parameter-en... |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 5.2.1.3 Network-requested Ethernet port management procedure completion | Upon receipt of the MANAGE ETHERNET PORT COMMAND message, for each operation included in the Ethernet port management list IE, the DS-TT shall:
a) if the operation code is "get capabilities", include the list of Ethernet port management parameters supported by the DS-TT in the Ethernet port management capability IE of ... |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 5.2.1.4 Abnormal cases on the network side | The following abnormal cases can be identified:
a) T100 expired.
The TSN AF shall, on the first expiry of the timer T100, retransmit the MANAGE ETHERNET PORT COMMAND message and shall reset and start timer T100. This retransmission is repeated four times, i.e. on the fifth expiry of timer T100, the TSN AF shall abort t... |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 5.2.1.5 Abnormal cases in the DS-TT | The following abnormal cases can be identified:
a) Transmission failure of the MANAGE ETHERNET PORT COMPLETE message indication from lower layers.
The DS-TT shall not diagnose an error and consider the network-initiated Ethernet port management procedure complete.
NOTE: Considering the network-initiated Ethernet port m... |
21c912f5479dc10cf5838fcb9f69a625 | 24.519 | 5.2.2 DS-TT-initiated Ethernet port management procedure |
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