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4.2 Implicit testing
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4.3 Repetition of tests
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4.4 Handling of differences between conformance requirements in different releases of core specifications
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5 Reference conditions, generic and test procedures, test parameters
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5.1 Reference conditions
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5.2 Generic and test procedures
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5.3 Test parameters
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6 A-IoT Device – Layer 2
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7 A-IoT Device – NAS
Annex A (informative): Change history Change history Date Meeting TDoc CR Rev Cat Subject/Comment New version 2026-02 RAN5#110 R5-261024 Draft TS 38.591-3 v0.0.1 0.0.1
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1 Scope
The present document specifies the recommended applicability statement and completion status for the test cases included in 3GPP TS 38.591-2 [3] and TS 38.591-3 [4]. These applicability statements are based on the features implemented in the A-IoT device. The common test environments can be found in 3GPP TS 38.591-1 [...
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2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. - References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non‑specific. - For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. -...
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3 Definitions of terms, symbols and abbreviations
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3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [9] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [9]. Implementation Conformance Statement (ICS): statement made by the supplier of an im...
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3.2 Symbols
No specific symbols have been identified so far.
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3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in TR 21.905 [1]. For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations appl...
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4 Recommended test case applicability
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4.0 Introduction
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4.1 Test case conditions and selection criteria
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4.2 RF conformance test cases
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4.3 RRM conformance test cases
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4.4 Protocol conformance test cases
Annex A (normative):ICS proforma for NR/5GS Generation Ambient IoT device Annex B (informative): Change history Change history Date Meeting TDoc CR Rev Cat Subject/Comment New version 2026-02 RAN5#110 R5-260503 Draft TS 38.591-4 v0.1.0 0.1.0
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1 Scope
The present document specifies the measurement procedures for the conformance test of the Ambient IoT device that contain RF and RRM characteristics for frequency Range 1 as part of the 5G-NR. The requirements are listed in different clauses only if the corresponding parameters deviate. More generally, tests are only ...
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2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non‑specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. For a...
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3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
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3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. A term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1].
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3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: BWChannel channel bandwidth BWConfig Transmission bandwidth, where BWConfig = NRB x SCS x 12 BWGB,low The minimum guard band defined in clause 5.3.1 for lowest assigned component carrier BWGB,high The minimum guard band defined in clause 5.3.1 f...
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3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1] and the following apply. An abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in 3GPP TR 21.905 [1]. 1SB Single sideband 2SB Double sideband AWGN Additive White Ga...
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4 General
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4.1 Relationship between minimum requirements and test requirements
TS 38.191 [6] is a Single-RAT specification for NR Ambient IoT device, covering RF characteristics and minimum performance requirements. Conformance to the specification TS 38.191 [6] is demonstrated by fulfilling the test requirements specified in the present document. The Minimum Requirements given in TS 38.191 [6] ...
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4.2 Applicability of minimum requirements
a) In TS 38.191 [6] the Minimum Requirements are specified as general requirements and additional requirements. Where the Requirement is specified as a general requirement, the requirement is mandated to be met in all scenarios. b) For specific scenarios for which an additional requirement is specified, in addition to...
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5 Operating bands and channel arrangement
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5.1 General
The channel arrangements presented in this clause are based on the operating bands and channel bandwidths defined in the present release of specifications. NOTE: Other operating bands and channel bandwidths may be considered in future Releases.
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5.2 Operating bands
Ambient IoT is designed to operate in the NR operating bands defined in Table 5.2-1. Table 5.2-1: Ambient IoT operating bands NR operating band Uplink (UL) operating band BS receive / UE transmit FUL_low – FUL_high (MHz) Downlink (DL) operating band BS transmit / UE receive FDL_low – FDL_high (MHz) Duple...
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5.3 Channel bandwidth
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5.3.1 R2D Channel bandwidth
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5.3.1.1 General
The R2D channel bandwidth supports a single reader RF carrier in R2D link at the reader. The relationship between the R2D channel bandwidth, the guardband and the transmission bandwidth is shown in figure 5.3.1.1-1. Figure 5.3.1.1-1: Definition of channel bandwidth and transmission bandwidth configuration for o...
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5.3.1.2 R2D Transmission bandwidth
The transmission bandwidth NRB for each R2D channel bandwidth and subcarrier spacing is specified in table 5.3.1.2.-1. Table 5.3.1.2-1: R2D Transmission bandwidth configuration NRB for FR1 SCS (kHz) 200 kHz 400 kHz 600 kHz 800 kHz NRB NRB NRB NRB 15 1 2 3 4 NOTE: Device Rx requirements are defin...
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5.3.1.3 Minimum guardband and R2D transmission bandwidth configuration
The minimum guardband for each R2D channel bandwidth and SCS is specified in table 5.3.1.3-1. Table 5.3.1.3-1: Minimum guardband (kHz) (FR1) R2D CBW 200kHz 400kHz 600kHz 800kHz Minimum guardband(kHz) 2.5 12.5 22.5 32.5 The number of RBs configured in any R2D channel bandwidth shall ensure that the minimum...
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5.3.1.4 RB alignment
For each R2D channel bandwidth, BS transmission bandwidth configuration must fulfil the minimum guardband requirement specified in clause 5.3.1.3.
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5.3.1.5 R2D channel bandwidth per operating band
The requirements in this specification apply to the combination of R2D channel bandwidths, SCS and operating bands shown in table 5.3.1.5-1 for FR1. The transmission bandwidth configuration in table 5.3.1.2-1 shall be supported for each of the R2D channel bandwidths within the BS capability. The R2D channel bandwidths ...
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5.3.2 D2R Channel bandwidth
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5.3.2.1 General
The D2R channel bandwidth supports a single A-IoT RF carrier in the D2R link at the device. From a BS perspective, different device channel bandwidths may be supported within the same spectrum for backscattering from devices connected to the BS. From a device perspective, the device is allocated with its own device c...
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5.3.2.2 D2R Transmission bandwidth
The transmission bandwidth for each D2R channel bandwidth is specified in table 5.3.2.3-1.
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5.3.2.3 D2R channel bandwidth per operating band
The requirements specified in table 5.3.2.3-1 for device apply to all the operating bands in Table 5.2-1. Table 5.3.2.3-1: Device D2R channel bandwidth  Device D2R channel bandwidth (kHz) Nominal D2R transmission Bandwidth without SFO (kHz)   Nominal Small frequency shift without SFO (kHz) 3.75 7.5 15 ...
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5.4 Channel arrangement
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5.4.1 R2D Channel raster
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5.4.1.1 AIoT-ARFCN and channel raster
The global frequency raster defines a set of RF reference frequencies FREF. The RF reference frequency is used in signalling to identify the position of RF channels and other elements. The granularity of the global frequency raster is ΔFGlobal. RF reference frequencies are designated by an A-IoT Absolute Radio Frequen...
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5.4.1.2 Channel raster to resource element mapping
The mapping between the RF reference frequency on the channel raster and the corresponding resource element is given in table 5.4.1.2-1 and can be used to identify the RF channel position. The mapping depends on the total number of RBs that are allocated in the channel and applies to both UL and DL. The mapping must ap...
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5.4.1.3 Channel raster entries for each operating band
The RF channel positions on the channel raster in each NR operating band are given through the applicable NR-ARFCN in table 5.4.1.3-1, using the channel raster to resource element mapping in clause 5.4.1.2. Channel raster is defined with ΔFRaster = 2 × ΔFGlobal. In this case every 2th NR-ARFCN within the operating ban...
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6 Transmitter characteristics
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6.0 General
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6.1 Backscatter power
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6.1.1 Device backscatter power
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6.2 Output RF spectrum emissions
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6.2.1 Out of band emissions
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6.2.1.1 General
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6.2.1.2 Spectrum emission mask
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6.2.2 Spurious emissions
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7 Receiver characteristics
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7.1 General
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7.2 Reference sensitivity power level
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7.2.1 General
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7.2.2 Reference sensitivity power level
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7.2.3 EIS partial sphere coverage
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7.3 Maximum input level
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8 OTA test characteristics
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8.1 General
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8.1.1 Testing bands
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8.2 Performance metrics
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8.2.1 Performance metric of Tx requirements
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8.2.2 Performance metric of Rx requirements
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8.3 Device positioning guidelines
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8.3.1 Free space
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8.4 Anechoic Chamber method
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8.4.1 General
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8.4.2 Backscattering measurement procedure
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8.4.3 Sensitivity measurement procedure
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8.4.4 Unwanted emission measurement procedure
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9 RRM
Annex A (normative): The test configuration for backscattering loss Annex B (normative): Measurement channels Annex C (normative): Device coordinate system Annex D (normative): Estimation of Measurement uncertainty Annex E (informative): D2R channel bandwidth Annex F (normative): Propagation...
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1 Scope
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2 References
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3 Definitions of terms, symbols and abbreviations
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4 Common test environments
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4.1 Environmental conditions
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4.2 Common requirements of test equipment
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4.3 Reference test conditions
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4.3.1 Test frequencies
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4.3.2 Radio conditions
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4.3.3 Physical channel allocations
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4.3.4 Signal levels
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4.4 Reference system configurations
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4.5 Test states
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4.6 Generic procedures
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4.7 Default message and information elements contents
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4.8 Default NAS message and information elements contents
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4.9 Reference configurations
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5 Test environments for RF tests
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5.1 Requirements of test equipment
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5.2 Reference test conditions
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5.3 Default message and information elements contents