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70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 3.1 Definitions | For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: interconnection: the physical and logical linking of telecommunication networks in order to allow users of one organization to communicate with users of another organization or to access services provided by another organization. inter... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 3.2 Abbreviations | For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AAL ATM Adaptation Layer ADSL Asymmetrical Digital Subscriber Line ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode B-ISDN Broadband-ISDN CATV Community Antenna TeleVision CBDS Connectionless Broadband Data Service CSU Channel Service Unit DSS Digital Subscribe... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 5 Interworking and interconnection issues | |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 5.1 Overview of Interworking and Interconnection cases | Subclause 5.2 of the ETSI SRC6 report [1] identifies 44 different interworking cases between various core networks and access networks, as well as the interworking between the respective core networks. An updated version of Figures 5.3 and 5.4 as well as Table 5.1 from the ETSI SRC6 report [1] is provided in Annex A to... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 5.2 Cases selected for the initial phase of the project | In view of their importance and urgency the following cases were already selected for the EPII Project 1.3: - Interconnection between telecom networks and access for service providers in order to support the new European competitive environment. - Co-existence of Internet (IP based) and telecom networks (e.g. E.164 bas... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 5.3 Interworking aspects | Interworking between networks involves the definition/specification of the following: - Reference Configuration and Functional Architecture with definition of reference point. - Architecture with definition of interfaces. - Functional interfaces. - Signalling and Control. - OAM (e.g. charging and billing). - Numbering.... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 6 ONP requirements | 6.1 The aim behind ONP is to achieve open and efficient access to public networks and services and to harmonize these requirements across Europe. The ETSI report ETR 244 [23] provides a preliminary review of the ONP issues that need to be considered in the development of networks. This ETSI report was a response to the... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 7 Interconnection between telecom networks | |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 7.1 Interconnection between established operators | 7.1.1 Established operators in this context are the traditional PTO's, that in most countries had or still have a monopoly to provide PSTN (and ISDN) services to the general public. In regulatory terms, they are the "dominant market players". The existing networks of the established operators include a wide range of tr... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 7.2 Interconnection to new operators | 7.2.0.1 New operators in this context refers to organizations who might typically be providing infrastructure, intelligence platforms, management platforms, multimedia platforms etc as well as a wide range of services. Hence they could be providing facilities similar to that of the traditional PTOs. These new networks ... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 7.3 Service providers | 7.3.1 Service providers in this context means an organization who establishes a contract for services with end users. The services they sell on to customers may be resourced by themselves and/or procured from other service provider or network operator organizations through administrative, contractual and technical inte... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 8.1.1 A comparison based on the OSI 7 layer model | The world of Internet is compared to the more conventional world of Telecom. They are compared, using the OSI 7 layer model as a reference. Please note that this figure is only a rough comparison. Application layer Presentation layer Session layer Transport layer Network layer Link layer Physical layer OSI Layers ROSE ... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 8.1.2 A comparison of their characteristics | Table 1 lists the main characteristics of Internet and of Telecom. Per item the possible relationship is identified. Table 1: Internet and Telecoms Characteristics Internet Telecom (PSTN/ISDN/GSM) "Best effort" quality (IP V6 offers RSVP, Resource Reservation Protocol, to offer guaranteed QoS). Quality of Service-guara... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 8.2 Internet over existing telecom networks | I P Router Tel.network 2 Tel. Network 1 Internet (overlay) network Telecommunication network Terminal Internet Terminal Terminal Internet Server Router Internet Server Figure 3: Network architecture: Internet as an overlay network on existing networks The telecommunication network (or any other connection oriented netw... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 8.3 Internet over ATM networks | Network architecture I P R o u ter B /IP -T E B /IP -T E B /IP -T E B -T E B -T E B /IP -T E B /IP -T E B -IS D N n etw o rk B -IS D N n etw o rk In tern et (o verlay) n etw o rk B -IS D N n etw o rk T erm in al In tern et T erm in al T erm in al In tern et S erver R o u ter In tern et S erver Figure 5: Network archite... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 8.4 Internet integrated into B-ISDN | Items proposed for study: the benefits and technical implications resulting from a convergence of advanced networking platforms and ATM networks , e.g.: - Multi-protocol over ATM (MPOA); - direct interconnection of "end routers'via ATM dial-up connections. Recommendations should be available until 1998 (Standardization... |
70dd98e0a973606fff72ddda06b980b6 | 102 100 | 9 Identification of additional interworking cases | Clauses 6 to 8 have identified detailed analysis of specific interworking cases. If additional interworking cases (reference SRC6 report [1] - see above) have to be addressed the following body is proposed as the lead body for carrying out the work: e.g. LAN interworking. (See ATM pilot network results). 10 Workplan fo... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 1 Scope | The present document identifies a range of issues which occur if providers of communication services and networks (called Communication Service Providers (CSP) within the present document) consider using the concepts developed in RFC 3761 [16] (ENUM) for infrastructure purposes. Such an approach would result in the app... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 2 References | For the purposes of this Technical Report (TR), the following references apply: NOTE: The present document is based additionally on "Work in Progress" at the IETF, documented in Internet Drafts. This is especially valid for the definitions of the "ENUMservices" in the NAPTR RR, which are based on the definitions in RFC... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 3 Definitions and abbreviations | |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 3.1 Definitions | For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: Address-of-Record (AoR): within SIP, an address-of-record represents an identity of the user, generally a long-term identity, and it does not have a dependency on any device; users can move between devices or even be associated with mu... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 3.2 Abbreviations | For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AoR Address-of-Record CSP Communication Service Provider DNS Domain Name System IAB Internet Architecture Board IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IP Internet Protocol ISUP ISDN User Part MMS Multi-Media Message Service NAPTR Naming Authorit... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 4 Introduction | It is necessary to understand the fundamental differences between ENUM in e164.arpa and Infrastructure ENUM as discussed in the present document. 4.1 ENUM in e164.arpa RFC 3761 [16] together with RFC 3403 [20] defines the ENUM protocol and the NAPTR records. RFC 3761 [16] discusses the use of the Domain Name System (DN... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 4.2 Infrastructure ENUM | Infrastructure ENUM is basically about publishing the information which E.164 numbers a CSP is hosting to either a group of selected peers or to all other CSPs. The present document looks at the application of the concepts in ENUM for the different purpose of provision of information for routeing (both internally and b... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 4.4 Choice of an domain apex for Infrastructure ENUM | An additional document will cover the requirements to make Infrastructure ENUM work, operational and policy aspects and issues around the choice of the apex. However, at this stage it is recognized that an additional apex to that used for ENUM (e164.arpa) will be required. If such an approach is not adopted, a CSPs abi... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 5 Types of Infrastructure ENUM | In the following clause the different types of Infrastructure ENUM are explained in more detail. |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 5.1 CSP-internal Infrastructure ENUM | CSP-internal Infrastructure ENUM uses DNS data existing and accessible only within the CSPs environment (Intranet). CSP-internal Infrastructure ENUM is intended to be used by a given CSP to reach the border elements within his Intranet to other CSPs, the gateways within his Intranet providing Point-of-Interconnect to d... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 5.2 CSP-shared Infrastructure ENUM | CSP-shared Infrastructure ENUM uses DNS data accessible at least by all CSP participating in the system. It is a policy decision whether the data for the Infrastructure ENUM system is in the public DNS and if it is accessible by the public (see below). CSP-shared Infrastructure ENUM is intended to be used by Communicat... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 5.3 Global (or Common) Infrastructure ENUM | If all CSPs using Infrastructure ENUM would agree to share ONE common Infrastructure ENUM system containing all E.164 numbers hosted by the participating CSPs, this system would be able to provide potentially global and common connectivity between all CSPs. Additional Infrastructure ENUM systems would not be necessary.... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 6 Authentication aspects | Unlike User ENUM, all the participants in an Infrastructure ENUM environment are considered to be trusted parties, so it may not be necessary to implement any authentication (validation) process when a communications provider wishes to populate a given number or number range. This is particularly the case where the gro... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 7 Architectural options | A number of architectures can be adopted by a group of communications providers for infrastructure ENUM. No single approach will be optimal in all cases. The most appropriate architecture should be selected according to the particular circumstances. It should be noted that the different models could be mixed in one gro... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 8 A possible evolution path | The following steps are likely to occur if a natural progression towards a global implementation of Infrastructure ENUM takes place although any step can be implemented at any time as a stand alone scenario. Step 0: Current Situation on the PSTN • Communication Service Providers (CSP) on the PSTN using TDM technology a... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 9 Likely Infrastructure ENUM usage scenarios | IMS-based NGN providers may either control/manage their own communications network, being also a communication network provider, or provide their service as an application on the Internet. The subscribers may have access to the above mentioned end-points either via the Internet, via dedicated networks or even via the P... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 9.1 Private Infrastructure ENUM only (Step 2) | A CSP is using Private Infrastructure ENUM only within his own network (Intranet). There are only connections to the PSTN via IP-Gateways. Infrastructure ENUM is used to find end-users in the own network (Intranet) and the proper gateway for calls routed to the PSTN. All E.164 numbers not assigned to end-users are rout... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 9.3 Shared Infrastructure ENUM with Extranet (Step 4) | A CSP is using Private Infrastructure ENUM within his own network (Intranet), there are connections to the PSTN via IP-Gateways and in addition there are IP-based connections to other CSP via border elements and via an Extranet. ETSI ETSI TR 102 055 V1.1.1 (2005-05) 17 Private Infrastructure ENUM is used to find end-us... |
f54eba9c421ff7559e93b5a90cede10c | 102 055 | 9.4 Shared Infrastructure ENUM on the Internet (Step 5b) | A CSP is using Private Infrastructure ENUM within his own network (Intranet), there are connections to the PSTN via IP-Gateways and IP-based connections to other CSP via border elements and the Public Internet. In addition there may also be connections via border elements and an Extranet or dedicated connections. Priva... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 1 Scope | The present document gives a list of information that can be provided with PSTN Advice of Charge services. These services can be provided using the data modem V23 transmission. This protocol is described in documents [1] and [2]. This protocol has been specified to support PSTN display services and it is now completed.... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 2 References | The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. • References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. • For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. • Fo... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 3 Abbreviations | For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AOC-S Advice of Charge - at call Set-up time AOC-D Advice of Charge - During call AOC-E Advice of Charge - at the End of call PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network TE Terminal Equipment ETSI ETSI TR 102 088 V1.1.3 (1999-09) 7 |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4 Advice of Charge - During the call (AOC-D) | |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.1 General description | |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.1.1 Definition | The Advice of Charge: charging information during the call (AOC-D) supplementary service enables a user to receive information on the recorded charges for a call during the active phase of the call. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.1.2 Description | The information transfer take place in the off-hook signalling state. The subscriber will automatically receive the message or on request. NOTE: Information should be restricted not to cause too long interruption in the conversation or any other type of transmission. It should be recommended to send only mandatory info... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.2 Procedures | |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.2.1 Provision and withdrawal | The Advice of Charge, during the call, service shall be provided after prior arrangement with the service provider. The Advice of Charge, during the call, service shall be withdrawn by the service provider upon request of the subscriber, or for service provider reasons. ETSI ETSI TR 102 088 V1.1.3 (1999-09) 8 |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.2.2 Normal procedures | |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.2.2.1 Registration and erasure | Not applicable. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.2.2.2 Activation and deactivation | The Advice of Charge, during the call, service shall be activated by the service provider at provision for all calls. As an operator option, it may be possible to deactivate the service on a per call basis. The deactivation on a per call basis shall occur at served user's request. The AOC-D supplementary service may be... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.2.2.3 Invocation and operation | In case of automatic transmission option, the network shall transfer charging information to the served user when an appropriate cost increment occurs. The rate of sending information can be limited such that information shall not be sent more frequently than every T seconds, i.e. information shall be sent every T seco... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.2.2.4 Interrogation | Not applicable. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.2.3 Exceptional procedures | |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.2.3.1 Registration and erasure | Not applicable. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.2.3.2 Activation and deactivation | Not applicable. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.2.3.3 Invocation and operation | If the charging information related to a call is not available, this shall be indicated to the served user using the specific rate "not available". If for any reason, no charging information is provided at all on a call, then the user shall assume that the information is not available. The user cannot assume that the c... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.2.3.4 Interrogation | Not applicable. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 4.3 Terminal assignment | Terminals which support the Advice of Charge, during the call, service should store the information in an appropriate memory and display it in an appropriate way relative to the application. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5 Advice of Charge - End of call (AOC-E) | |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.1 General description | |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.1.1 Definition | The Advice of charge: Charging information at the End of the call (AOC-E) supplementary service enables a user to receive information on the recorded charges for a call when the call is terminated. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.1.2 Description | The information transfer takes place only in the on-hook signalling state. The message shall contain: - Charge. The Charge information provides the charged amount information of a call to the user. It contains such information as: Not available, Free of Charge, Charged or currency units and total Charged amount informa... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.2 Procedures | |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.2.1 Provision and withdrawal | The Advice of Charge, End of call, service shall be provided after prior arrangement with the service provider. The Advice of Charge, End of call, service shall be withdrawn upon request of the subscriber by the service provider, or for service provider reasons. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.2.2 Normal procedures | |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.2.2.1 Registration and erasure | Not applicable. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.2.2.2 Activation and deactivation | Activation of the AOC-E supplementary service shall either occur for all calls at provision, or it shall be possible to activate the supplementary service on a per call basis. The activation on a per call basis shall occur at served user’s request. If AOC-E supplementary service is activated for all calls at provision,... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.2.2.3 Invocation and operation | The charging information shall be provided by the network when the call is terminated. This charging information shall include all the charging information (total) of the last call or session of calls (e.g. 3PTY-connections included). As an operator option, charging information of forwarded calls may be provided by the... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.2.2.4 Interrogation | Not applicable. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.2.3 Exceptional procedures | |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.2.3.1 Registration and erasure | Not applicable. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.2.3.2 Activation and deactivation | The Advice of Charge, End of call, service shall be activated by the service provider at provision. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.2.3.3 Invocation and operation | If the charging information related to a call is not available this should be indicated to the served user. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.2.3.4 Interrogation | Not applicable. ETSI ETSI TR 102 088 V1.1.3 (1999-09) 11 |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 5.3 Terminal assignment | Terminals which support the Advice of Charge, End of call, service should store the information in an appropriate memory and display it in an appropriate way relative to the application. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 6 Advice of Charge - Call Set-up (AOC-S) | The Advice of Charge - at call Set-up (AOC-S) has not been included in the present document because it has not been deemed feasible in the PSTN network. The charging information is very complex and not uniform with all operators. The information transfer may interfere with the communication and disturb the user or ongo... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 7 List of parameters | |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 7.1 Charge parameters | |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 7.1.1 Charge parameter | Table 1 Octet number Octet Binary code Octet Hex- code Content 1 0010 0000 20H Charge 2 0000 1110 0EH Parameter length (14) 3 Currency: character 1 4 Currency: character 2 5 Currency: character 3 6: bit 1 0: Normal charging 1: Free of Charge 6: bit 2 0: Total (AOC-E) 1: Subtotal (AOC-D) 6: bit 3 0: Normal charging 1: C... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 7.1.2 Additional Charge parameter | Table 2 Octet number Octet Binary code Octet Hex- code Content 1 0010 0001 21H Additional charge 2 0000 1110 0EH Parameter length (14) 3 Currency: character 1 4 Currency: character 2 5 Currency: character 3 6: bit 1 0: Normal charging 1: Free of Charge 6: bit 2 0: Total (AOC-E) 1: Subtotal (AOC-D) 6: bit 3 0: Normal ch... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 7.2 Date and time | See [1], subclause 7.4.1. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 7.3 Called Line Identity parameter | See [1], subclause 7.4.3. |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 7.4 Duration of the call | Table 3 Octet number Octet Binary code Octet Hex- code Content 1 0010 0011 23H Time duration 2 0000 0110 06H Parameter length (6) 3 Hour’s most significant octet 4 Hour’s least significant octet 5 Minute’s most significant octet 6 Minute’s least significant octet 7 Second’s most significant octet 8 Second’s least signi... |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 7.5 General information | See [1], (for further study). |
1e9ffa50b07696504ab3f9fa7b7f6c2a | 102 088 | 7.6 Extension for network operator use parameter | See [1], subclause 7.4.16. ETSI ETSI TR 102 088 V1.1.3 (1999-09) 14 Annex A (informative): Examples for charge parameter use A.1 Example: Currency amount (23,45 FRF) Table A.1 Octet number Octet Binary code Octet Hex- code Content 1 0010 0000 20H Charge 2 0000 1110 0EH Parameter length (14) 3 0100 0110 46H Currency: Ch... |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 1 Scope | The present document reviews technical issues on the mutual compatibility of current and future analogue POTS terminal equipment with xDSL systems operating at frequencies up to 30 MHz. The present document considers both TE intended to support simultaneous operation with xDSL on the same analogue cable pair, and TE co... |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 2 References | The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. • References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. • For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. • Fo... |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 3 Definitions and abbreviations | |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 3.1 Definitions | For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: ADSL lite: simplified form of ADSL system which does not use a POTS splitter at the customer premises DSL regular: DSL system which incorporates a POTS splitter to separate the POTS and DSL services POTS splitter: device located at the... |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 3.2 Abbreviations | For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: ACE Alarm Comunicating Equipment ADSL Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line CISPR International Special Committee on Radio Interference (a subcommittee of IEC) CTE Circuit Terminating Equipment DSL Digital Subscriber Line DTMF Dual Tone Multi Fre... |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 4 General | |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 4.1 Background | Virtually all-terminal equipment intended for connection to an analogue interface of the PSTN is designed to communicate using the voice band (typically 300 Hz to 3 400 Hz). Such equipment, whether a telephone, modem, fax etc. is generally regarded as POTS equipment. The harmonized technical attachment requirements for... |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 4.2 DSL system types | In the present document, DSL systems are divided into two main categories. One category requires the use of a splitter device connected at or replacing the existing NTP in order to separate out the POTS and SDL services. The POTS services may continue to use the existing customer wiring/installation. It is not practica... |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 5 Technical issues | The harmonized technical attachment requirements for POTS equipment defined in TBR 21 [1] and EN 301 437 [16] were agreed after consideration of POTS services only. Resulting from this restriction, a number of potential undesirable interactions may occur when POTS and DSL services are deployed on the same local loop. |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 5.1 Interaction of POTS terminal equipment on xDSL systems | |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 5.1.1 Out-of-band signals | There are two distinct issues here. The first issue is that if DSL terminals are required to meet the requirements of TBR 21 [1], then DSLlite terminals would fail the specified out of band limits of subclause 4.7.3.4. It needs to be made clear (by whom?) that TBR 21 [1] does not apply to DSL terminals. The second issu... |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 5.1.1.1 Directly connected "ordinary" POTS | This scenario, as shown in figure 1a is the most common scenario at present and applies to most situations where xDSL services have yet to be introduced. Terminals can be expected to comply with the out-of-band requirements of TBR 21 [1] for frequencies up to 200 kHz. As TBR 21 [1] does not specify requirements for out... |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 5.1.1.2 Directly connected "DSL friendly" POTS | In this scenario, shown in figure 1b, the POTS terminals of user 2 contain additional filtering at frequencies above 200 kHz to ensure satisfactory performance on local access loops supporting both POTS and xDSL services such as that of user 1. Although most likely to be used for "splitterless" applications e.g. G.Lite... |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 5.1.1.3 "Ordinary" POTS connected via filters | This scenario, as shown in figure 1c is representative of DSLlite application, and uses "ordinary" POTS TE together with purpose designed filters to achieve the required out of band performance to coexist with xDSL systems. These low pass type filters are physically small and are provided with the appropriate connector... |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 5.1.2 Out-of-band impedance | The impedance requirements for POTS equipment defined in TBR 21 [1] and EN 301 437 [16] have two major impacts on the coexistence with DSL systems. Firstly the impedance presented by the POTS TE to the loop is only defined for the on-line state, and secondly, the on-line impedance is only defined for the voice band. Th... |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 5.1.3 Remote line testing | It is common practice for network operators to carry out regular tests on their subscriber lines as part of their Quality of Service commitment. Specific components may be incorporated into the NTP or into the splitter to assist with line testing. Test components incorporated into the existing NTPs vary widely between ... |
65f66a75366c05de335f1db6c405d0cf | 102 139 | 5.1.4 Effect of POTS signals on DSL systems | Apart from the unwanted out-of-band signals discussed in subclause 5.1.1 there are a number of other types of signal commonly present in traditional POTS systems, which have the capability to disturb operation of DSL systems. Although these signals are outside the nominal DSL frequency bands, the magnitude of the signa... |
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