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6.1.3.2.2 MSC for short message routing
When a short message has to be routed to a MS, the GMSC addresses the VMSC by an MSC identity received from the HLR which complies with E.164 rules. For MS originating short message, the IWMSC address is derived from the Service Centre address.
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6.1.3.2.3 MSC for location request routing
When a location request for a particular MS needs to be sent to the MS's VMSC, the GMLC addresses the VMSC using an E.164 address received from the MS's HLR.
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6.1.3.2.4 MSC for LMU Control
When a control message has to be routed to an LMU from an SMLC, the SMLC addresses the serving MSC for the LMU using an E.164 address.
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6.1.3.3 The Home Location Register (HLR)
There are several cases where the HLR has to be addressed:
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6.1.3.3.1 During call set-up
When a call is initiated the HLR of the called mobile subscriber will be interrogated to discover the whereabouts of the MS. The addressing required by the SCCP will be derived from the MSISDN dialled by the calling subscriber. The dialled number will be translated into either an SPC, in the case of communications with...
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6.1.3.3.2 Before location updating completion
When a MS registers for the first time in a VLR, the VLR has to initiate the update location dialogue with the MS's HLR and a preceding dialogue for authentication information retrieval if the authentication information must be retrieved from the HLR. When initiating either of these dialogues, the only data for address...
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6.1.3.3.3 After location updating completion
In this case, the subscriber's basic MSISDN has been received from the HLR during the subscriber data retrieval procedure as well as the HLR number constituting a parameter of the MAP message indicating successful completion of the update location dialogue. From either of these E.164 numbers the address information for...
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6.1.3.3.4 VLR restoration
If a roaming number is requested by the HLR for an IMSI that has no data record in the interrogated VLR, the VLR provides the roaming number in the dialogue terminating message. Subsequently the VLR must retrieve the authentication data from the MS's HLR, if required, and must then trigger the restore data procedure. F...
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6.1.3.3.5 During Network-Requested PDP Context Activation
When receiving a PDP PDU the GGSN may interrogate the HLR of the MS for information retrieval. When initiating such a dialogue, the only data for addressing the HLR that the GGSN has available is contained in the IMSI, and addressing information must be derived from it. The IMSI is obtained from the IP address or the X...
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6.1.3.3.6 Before GPRS location updating completion
When a MS registers for the first time in a SGSN, the SGSN has to initiate the update location dialogue with the MS's HLR and a preceding dialogue for authentication information retrieval if the authentication information must be retrieved from the HLR. When initiating either of these dialogues, the only data for addre...
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6.1.3.3.7 After GPRS location updating completion
In this case, the subscriber's Basic MSISDN has been received from the HLR during the subscriber data retrieval procedure as well as the HLR number constituting a parameter of the MAP message indicating successful completion of the update location dialogue. From either of these E.164 numbers the address information for...
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6.1.3.3.8 Query for a Location Request
For a location request from an external client, the GMLC needs to address the home HLR of the target MS to obtain the address of the target MS's serving MSC. The GMLC uses either the international E.164 MSISDN, the international E.214 number (if CCITT or ITU-T SCCP is used) or the international E.212 number (if ANSI SC...
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6.1.3.4 The Visitor Location Register (VLR)
There are several cases when the VLR needs to be addressed:
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6.1.3.4.1 Inter-VLR information retrieval
When an MS moves from one VLR service area to another, the new VLR may request the IMSI and authentication sets from the previous VLR. The new VLR derives the address of the previous VLR from the Location Area Identification provided by the MS in the location registration request.
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6.1.3.4.2 HLR request
The HLR will only request information from a VLR if it is aware that one of its subscribers is in the VLR's service area. This means that a location updating dialogue initiated by the VLR has been successfully completed, i.e. the HLR has indicated successful completion of the update location procedure to the VLR. When ...
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6.1.3.5 The Interworking MSC (IWMSC) for Short Message Service
The IWMSC is the interface between the mobile network and the network to access to the Short Message Service Centre. This exchange has an E.164 address known in the SGSN or in the MSC.
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6.1.3.6 The Equipment Identity Register (EIR)
The EIR address is either unique or could be derived from the IMEI. The type of address is not defined.
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6.1.3.7 The Shared Inter Working Function (SIWF)
When the Visited MSC detects a data or fax call and the IWF in the V-MSC can not handle the required service an SIWF can be invoked. The SIWF is addressed with an E.164 number.
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6.1.3.8 The Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN)
The HLR will initiate dialogues towards the SGSN if it is aware that one of its subscribers is in the SGSN's serving area. This means that a GPRS location updating has been successfully completed, i.e, the HLR has indicated successful completion of the GPRS location update to the SGSN. The routeing information used by ...
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6.1.3.9 The Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN)
The GGSN provides interworking with external packet-switched networks, network screens and routing of the Network- Requested PDP Context activation. If a Network-Requested PDP Context activation fails, the HLR will alert the GGSN when the subscriber becomes reachable. The HLR will use the E.164 GGSN number received as ...
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6.1.3.10 The Gateway MSC (GMSC) for Short Message Service
The GMSC provides interworking with the network to access the Short Message Service Centre, the mobile network and routing of Send Routing Info For SM. The GMSC has on E.164 address known in the HLR, SGSN or MSC.
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6.1.3.10A Void
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6.1.3.10A.1 Void
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6.1.3.10A.2 Void
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6.1.3.10B The Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC)
The GMLC initiates location requests on behalf of external clients. The E.164 address of the GMLC is provided to an HLR when the GMLC requests a serving MSC address from the HLR for a target MS. The E.164 address of the GMLC is also provided to a serving MSC when the GMLC requests the location of a target MS served by ...
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6.1.3.11 Summary table
The following tables summarize the SCCP address used for invoke operations. As a principle, within a PLMN either an SPC or a GT may be used (network operation option), whereas when addressing an entity outside the PLMN the GT must be used. The address type mentioned in the table (e.g. MSISDN) is used as GT or to derive...
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6.2 Use of TC
The Mobile Application part makes use of the services offered by the Transaction Capabilities (TC) of signalling system No. 7. ETS 300 287, which is based on CCITT White Book Recommendations Q.771 to Q.775, should be consulted for the full specification of TC. The MAP uses all the services provided by TC except the one...
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7 General on MAP services
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7.1 Terminology and definitions
The term service is used in clauses 7 to 12 as defined in CCITT Recommendation X.200. The service definition conventions of CCITT Recommendation X.210 are also used.
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7.2 Modelling principles
MAP provides its users with a specified set of services and can be viewed by its users as a "black box" or abstract machine representing the MAP service-provider. The service interface can then be depicted as shown in figure 7.2/1. MAP service-user Service Interface MAP Service-provider MAP service-user Figure 7.2/1: M...
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7.3 Common MAP services
All MAP service-users require access to services for performing basic application layer functions: - for establishing and clearing MAP dialogues between peer MAP service-users; - for accessing functions supported by layers below the applications layer; - for reporting abnormal situations; - for handling of different MA...
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7.3.1 MAP-OPEN service
This service is used for establishing a MAP dialogue between two MAP service-users. The service is a confirmed service with service primitives as shown in table 7.3/1. ETSI ETSI TS 100 974 V7.3.0 (2000-02) 59 (GSM 09.02 version 7.3.0 Release 1998) Table 7.3/1: Service-primitives for the MAP-OPEN service Parameters Requ...
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7.3.2 MAP-CLOSE service
This service is used for releasing a previously established MAP dialogue. The service may be invoked by either MAP service-user depending on rules defined within the service-user. The service is an unconfirmed service with parameters as shown in table 7.3/4. Table 7.3/4: Service-primitives for the MAP-CLOSE service Par...
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7.3.3 MAP-DELIMITER service
This service is used to explicitly request the transfer of the MAP protocol data units to the peer entities. See also subclause 7.4 and 7.5 for the detailed use of the MAP-DELIMITER service. The service is an unconfirmed service with service-primitives as shown in table 7.3/5. Table 7.3/5: Service-primitives for the MA...
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7.3.4 MAP-U-ABORT service
This service enables the service-user to request the MAP dialogue to be aborted. The service is an unconfirmed service with service-primitives as shown in table 7.3/6. Table 7.3/6: Service-primitives for the MAP-U-ABORT service Parameters Request Indication User reason M M(=) Diagnostic information U C(=) Specific info...
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7.3.5 MAP-P-ABORT service
This service enables the MAP service-provider to abort a MAP dialogue. The service is a provider-initiated service with service-primitive as shown in table 7.3/8. Table 7.3/8: Service-primitive for the MAP-P-ABORT service Parameters Indication Provider reason M Source M Provider reason: This parameter indicates the rea...
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7.3.6 MAP-NOTICE service
This service is used to notify the MAP service-user about protocol problems related to a MAP dialogue not affecting the state of the protocol machines. The service is a provider-initiated service with service-primitive as shown in table 7.3/10. Table 7.3/10: Service-primitive for the MAP-NOTICE service Parameters Indic...
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7.4 Sequencing of services
The sequencing of services is shown in figure 7.4/1 and is as follows: Opening: The MAP-OPEN service is invoked before any user specific service-primitive is accepted. The sequence may contain none, one or several user specific service-primitives. If no user specific service-primitive is contained between the MAP-OPEN ...
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7.5 General rules for mapping of services onto TC
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7.5.1 Mapping of common services
Table 7.5/1 gives an overview of the mapping rules for mapping of common services onto TC-services. Table 7.5/2 gives the mapping rules for mapping of TC-services onto common services. Protocol machine description is given in clauses 14 to 17. ETSI ETSI TS 100 974 V7.3.0 (2000-02) 67 (GSM 09.02 version 7.3.0 Release 19...
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7.5.2 Mapping of user specific services
Table 7.5/3 gives the general mapping rules which apply to mapping of MAP user specific services onto TC services and table 7.5/4 gives the similar rules for mapping of TC services onto MAP user specific services. Detailed mapping is given in clauses 14 to 17. Table 7.5/3: Mapping of MAP user specific services onto TC ...
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7.6 Definition of parameters
Following is an alphabetic list of parameters used in the common MAP-services in subclause 7.3: Application context name 7.3.1 Refuse reason 7.3.1 Destination address 7.3.1 Release method 7.3.2 Destination reference 7.3.1 Responding address 7.3.1 Diagnostic information 7.3.4 Result 7.3.1 Originating address 7.3.1 Sourc...
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7.6.1 Common parameters
The following set of parameters are used in several MAP service-primitives:
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7.6.1.1 Invoke Id
This parameter identifies corresponding service primitives. The parameter is supplied by the MAP service-user and must be unique over each service-user/service-provider interface.
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7.6.1.2 Linked Id
This parameter us used for linked services and it takes the value of the invoke Id of the service linked to.
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7.6.1.3 Provider error
This parameter is used to indicate a protocol related type of error: - duplicated invoke Id; - not supported service; - mistyped parameter; - resource limitation; - initiating release, i.e. the peer has already initiated release of the dialogue and the service has to be released; - unexpected response from the peer; - ...
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7.6.1.4 User error
This parameter can take values as follows: NOTE: The values are grouped in order to improve readability; the grouping has no other significance. a) Generic error: - system failure, i.e. a task cannot be performed because of a problem in another entity. The type of entity or network resource may be indicated by use of t...
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7.6.2 Numbering and identification parameter
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7.6.2.1 IMSI
This parameter is the International Mobile Subscriber Identity defined in GSM 03.03.
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7.6.2.2 TMSI
This parameter is the Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity defined in GSM 03.03.
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7.6.2.3 IMEI
This parameter is the International Mobile Equipment Identity defined in GSM 03.03.
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7.6.2.4 Previous location area Id
This parameter refers to the identity of the location area from which the subscriber has roamed.
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7.6.2.5 Stored location area Id
This parameter refers to the location area where the subscriber is assumed to be located.
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7.6.2.6 Current location area Id
This parameter is used to indicate the location area in which the subscriber is currently located. ETSI ETSI TS 100 974 V7.3.0 (2000-02) 75 (GSM 09.02 version 7.3.0 Release 1998)
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7.6.2.7 Target location area Id
This parameter refers to the location area into which the subscriber intends to roam.
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7.6.2.8 Target cell Id
This parameter refers to the identity of the cell to which a call has to be handed over.
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7.6.2.9 Void
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7.6.2.10 Originating entity number
This parameter refers to an application layer identification of a system component in terms of its associated ISDN number.
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7.6.2.11 MSC number
This parameter refers to the ISDN number of an MSC.
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7.6.2.12 Target MSC number
This parameter refers to the ISDN number of an MSC to which a call has to be handed over.
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7.6.2.13 HLR number
This parameter refers to the ISDN number of an HLR.
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7.6.2.14 VLR number
This parameter refers to the ISDN number of a VLR.
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7.6.2.15 HLR Id
This parameter refers to the identity of an HLR derived from the IMSI defined in CCITT Recommendation E.212.
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7.6.2.16 LMSI
This parameter refers to a local identity allocated by the VLR to a given subscriber for internal management of data in the VLR. LMSI shall not be sent to the SGSN.
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7.6.2.17 MS ISDN
This parameter refers to one of the ISDN numbers assigned to a mobile subscriber in accordance with CCITT Recommendation E.213.
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7.6.2.18 OMC Id
This parameter refers to the identity of an operation and maintenance centre.
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7.6.2.19 Roaming number
This parameter refers to the roaming number as defined in CCITT Recommendation E.213. ETSI ETSI TS 100 974 V7.3.0 (2000-02) 76 (GSM 09.02 version 7.3.0 Release 1998)
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7.6.2.20 Void
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7.6.2.21 Handover number
This parameter refers to the number used for routing a call between MSCs during handover.
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7.6.2.22 Forwarded-to number
This parameter refers to the address to which a call is to be forwarded. This may include a subaddress. For subscribers having an originating CAMEL Phase 2 subscription this address need not be in non-E.164 international format.
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7.6.2.23 Forwarded-to subaddress
This parameter refers to the sub-address attached to the address to which a call is to be forwarded.
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7.6.2.24 Called number
This parameter refers to a called party number as defined in CCITT Recommendation Q.767.
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7.6.2.25 Calling number
This parameter refers to a calling party number as defined in CCITT Recommendation Q.767.
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7.6.2.26 Originally dialled number
This parameter refers to the number dialled by the calling party in order to reach a mobile subscriber.
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7.6.2.27 Service centre address
This parameter represents the address of a Short Message Service Centre.
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7.6.2.28 Zone Code
This parameter is used to define location areas into which the subscriber is allowed or not allowed to roam (regional subscription). With a complete list of Zone Codes the VLR or the SGSN is able to determine for all its location areas whether roaming is allowed or not.
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7.6.2.29 MSIsdn-Alert
This parameter refers to the MSISDN stored in a Message Waiting Data File in the HLR. It is used to alert the Service Centre when the MS is again attainable.
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7.6.2.30 Location Information
This parameter indicates the location of the served subscriber as defined in GSM 03.18.
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7.6.2.31 GMSC Address
This parameter refers to the E.164 address of a GMSC.
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7.6.2.32 VMSC Address
This parameter refers to the E.164 address of a VMSC. ETSI ETSI TS 100 974 V7.3.0 (2000-02) 77 (GSM 09.02 version 7.3.0 Release 1998)
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7.6.2.33 Group Id
This parameter is used to describe groups a subscriber can be member of. A subscriber can partake in all group calls (VBS/VGCS) where he subscribed to the respective groups.
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7.6.2.34 North American Equal Access preferred Carrier Id
This parameter refers to the carrier identity preferred by the subscriber for calls requiring routing via an interexchange carrier. This identity is used at: - outgoing calls: when the subscriber does not specify at call setup a carrier identity; - forwarded calls: when a call is forwarded by the subscriber; - incoming...
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7.6.2.35 SIWFS Number
This parameter refers to the number used for routing a call between the MSC and the SIWFS (used by ISUP).
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7.6.2.36 B-subscriber address
This parameter refers to the address used by the SIWFS to route the outgoing call from the SIWFS to either the B- subscriber in case the non-loop method or back to the VMSC in case of the loop method.
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7.6.2.37 Serving cell Id
This parameter indicates the cell currently being used by the served subscriber.
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7.6.2.38 SGSN number
This parameter refers to the ISDN number of a SGSN.
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7.6.2.39 SGSN address
This parameter refers to the IP-address of a SGSN. This parameter is defined in GSM 03.03.
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7.6.2.40 GGSN address
This parameter refers to the IP-address of a GGSN. This parameter is defined in GSM 03.03.
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7.6.2.41 GGSN number
This parameter refers to the ISDN number of a GGSN or the ISDN number of the protocol-converter if a protocol- converting GSN is used between the GGSN and the HLR..
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7.6.2.42 APN
This parameter refers to the DNS name of a GGSN. This parameter is defined in GSM 03.60.
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7.6.2.43 Network Node number
This parameter refers either to the ISDN number of SGSN or to the ISDN number of MSC.
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7.6.2.44 PDP-Type
This parameter indicates which type of protocol is used by the MS as defined in GSM 03.60. ETSI ETSI TS 100 974 V7.3.0 (2000-02) 78 (GSM 09.02 version 7.3.0 Release 1998)
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7.6.2.45 PDP-Address
This parameter indicates the address of the data protocol as defined in GSM 03.60.
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7.6.2.46 Additional number
This parameter can refer either to the SGSN number or to the MSC number.
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7.6.2.47 P-TMSI
This parameter is the Packet Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity defined in GSM 03.03.
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7.6.2.48 B-subscriber number
This parameter refers to the number of the destination B dialled by the A user. This may include a subaddress.
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7.6.2.49 B-subscriber subaddress
This parameter refers to the sub-address attached to the destination B dialled by the A user.
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7.6.2.50 LMU Number
This parameter refers to a local number assigned to an LMU by an SMLC.
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7.6.2.51 MLC Number
This parameter refers to the ISDN (E.164) number of an MLC.
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7.6.3 Subscriber management parameters