title stringlengths 3 300 | subreddit stringclasses 1
value | post_id stringlengths 5 7 | score int64 0 47.9k | link_flair_text stringlengths 0 63 | is_self bool 1
class | over_18 bool 2
classes | upvote_ratio float64 0 1 | post_content stringlengths 0 29.7k | C1 dict | C2 dict | C3 dict | C4 dict | C5 dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ELI5: Why isn't college in the USA free like in some European countries? | explainlikeimfive | 9ui2zt | 0 | true | false | 0.5 | {
"comment_id": "t1_e94ejbk",
"comment_text": [
"Because our priorities aren't in order. There are however tons of government assistance programs for low income families that will pay for you to go to school, federal student grants are SPECIFICALLY for people going to college."
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_e94ekji",
"comment_text": [
"The US chooses to spend it's budget on its military rather than college education. However, that could also be said as: because the US spends most of it's budget on the military, European countries are more able to spend their budget on free higher education. "
... | {
"comment_id": "t1_e94fcug",
"comment_text": [
"To be fair, it would help if America didn't start so many of the wars it's involved in."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_e94l211",
"comment_text": [
"Up voted for accuracy"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_e94f49z",
"comment_text": [
"Because that would mean somebody paying for it, but the billionaires who conspire with the GOP to just cut taxes as the remedy to every issue would never allow taxes to be raised (or defense spending be cut) to fund it. Also, if everybody got free college educati... | ||
ELI5: What actually makes wind? | explainlikeimfive | anthuf | 2 | true | false | 1 | {
"comment_id": "t1_efvurvu",
"comment_text": [
"Pressure differences which are caused mostly by heat. Hot air is less dense than cold air, so when the air in one area is hotter than the air in the other area, it exerts less pressure on the air in the cool area than the cool area does on it. The denser cold air... | {
"comment_id": "t1_efvuulb",
"comment_text": [
"It's simple. Wind occurs when air travels from a region of higher pressure to a lower pressure. The speed of this wind depends on many things like the difference in the pressures, the surrounding terrain, etc.",
"Basically, moving air is wind. It moves becaus... | {
"comment_id": "t1_efvuxft",
"comment_text": [
"Heat does, or the distribution of heat. Hot air rises because it is less dense than colder air, so when that air rises, more air rushes in to take its old place below.",
"",
"Another way of saying it is low air pressure. You know how if you have a room... | {
"comment_id": "t1_efvv7b4",
"comment_text": [
"The main cause is pressure differences - air will attempt to reach equal pressure everywhere so it moves in to areas of lower pressure from higher pressure, that movement is the wind.",
"The pressure differences come from several different factors but the lar... | {
"comment_id": "t1_efvuwlo",
"comment_text": [
"Hot air takes up more space than cold air so it is less dense. This means that when air near the surface gets heated by the sun it will tend to float up over colder, denser air. Them switching places requires air to flow around in a process called \"convection\".... | ||
ELI5 :Why haven't we made Mount Everest easily accessible? | explainlikeimfive | bvw6q5 | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.33 | {
"comment_id": "t1_epszkcj",
"comment_text": [
"There are thousands of easily accessed mountain peaks in the world. The point of Everest is that it's hard (well, there are harder climbs, but none higher). Sometimes we choose to do things because they are difficult - that makes the accomplishment all the bett... | {
"comment_id": "t1_epsyskp",
"comment_text": [
"Everest is the world's highest mountain with some of the most dangerous terrain in the world. There are glaciers, ice canyons, ice falls, and constantly shifting rock, ice, and snow drifts. There's simply no way, and in most cases, no place to even install anythi... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ept9dbe",
"comment_text": [
"What abou the mass amount of garbage people leave up there, because leaving stuff you can't use anymore behinde makes your climb/decent easier? I would call that a bigger ecological damage."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_epta5ub",
"comment_text": [
"And making it far more accessible would greatly increase traffic, which would lessen the trash problem because suddenly all these extra people would be much more willing to bring the trash down with them? I just don't see that happening - people can't be bothere... | {
"comment_id": "t1_eptacmw",
"comment_text": [
"True, haven't thought about it that way. Only thought about the construction not abou visitors."
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5: why in sentencing dangerous and violent criminals will judges sometime hand down ridiculously large sentences, which the person will not live for anyway? I.e. 150 years to a mass murderer. Why not just hand down life behind bars? | explainlikeimfive | kldujv | 24 | Other | true | false | 0.75 | {
"comment_id": "t1_gh8dy7i",
"comment_text": [
"Crimes are sentences individually. If someone is found guilty of killing 20 people then they are given a sentence for each of the 20 murders, any one of which might warrant a life sentence. So this person is given 20 life sentences which might seem a bit silly (t... | {
"comment_id": "t1_gh8egvg",
"comment_text": [
"Also, we're still not sure if vampires exist or not, so this helps cover that possibility."
],
"score": 42
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_gh8etcu",
"comment_text": [
"Because sentences can also be appealed and or commuted and or pardoned.",
"So if you lump together a bunch of crimes and give one sentence for all of them, how exactly do you modify their sentence?"
],
"score": 8
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_gh90ewh",
"comment_text": [
"quarentees"
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_gh8gud1",
"comment_text": [
"The practice of law is very formal. A judge would not give a vague sentence such as, \"in jail for a for a very long time.\" A guilty verdict requires an exact amount of years, somewhere within the maximum and minimum. If there are 10 guilty verdicts, the judge w... | |
ELI5: How bad is suger free soda for me teeth? Would i be fine if i drink one glass of sugar free soda everyday for the rest of my life while maintaining a generally healthy diet? | explainlikeimfive | ibldzr | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.5 | {
"comment_id": "t1_g1wfmra",
"comment_text": [
"While also brushing your teeth? Yea. One glass won’t hurt you.",
"As long as you’re regularly finding/cleaning your teeth you shouldn’t run into many problems. Lemons and other citrus fruits can be just as acidic as soda, yet people don’t worry too much about... | {
"comment_id": "t1_g1wgph7",
"comment_text": [
"you can chunk down everything \"for the rest of the life\" - but that timespan could be very short. ",
"in case of sugar free soda, it would obviously better to not drink it every day of your life, but it won't kill you (more likely) then eating a hotdog eve... | {
"comment_id": "t1_g1wn1u5",
"comment_text": [
"Thanks for replying. Yes have heard about one glass of water after helps but isnt brushing ur teeth straight afterwards making it worse?"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_g1wp1jc",
"comment_text": [
"Why would it make it worse? The problem with soda is the acid, which if left sitting on your teeth will gradually damage the enamel. Brushing your teeth with any normal toothbrush will remove the acid and shouldn’t damage the enamel. Now I’m not saying you should... | {
"comment_id": "t1_g1wn6tg",
"comment_text": [
"Thank you!"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: Why are movie scripts formatted like they are? Is it because of tradition, or efficiency? | explainlikeimfive | qe70yw | 101 | Other | true | false | 0.88 | The typical movie script is . Why are they like this? I understand how this may have started, probably because that's the easiest formatting possible on a typewriter... But why are scripts like this? Is it just tradition? I also understand "It's easier to read", but that doesn't explain why it's the only option. Movie... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hhr0q5p",
"comment_text": [
"The first is very easy to immediately see where each part begins and ends, has the speakers name immediately identifiable, has a standard and easily recognizable space for any notes to the actor/director, and has space on each side to allow marking up the script ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hhr1iq0",
"comment_text": [
"Also, movie scripts are generally about a minute per page. So it’s very easy to see if a movie is running long, and if so, what scenes could be cut."
],
"score": 65
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_hhrq8u0",
"comment_text": [
"Two main reasons:",
"EDIT: found a great YouTube video on how the screenplay format evolved over the years: ",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h5I3Tq9j29c"
],
"score": 32
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_hhsr1ua",
"comment_text": [
"A minute per page eliminates any math to estimate screen time. Couple that with the ease of reading and markup and it’s pretty obvious why this format is used."
],
"score": 23
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_hhrsxos",
"comment_text": [
"A lot of crew like the large spaces for writing in notes for their own departments' requirements.",
"Plus, most crew now receive digital rather than hard copies."
],
"score": 16
} |
ELI5: since hand sanitizer contains alcohol/ethanol, why isn't it controlled by the ATF? | explainlikeimfive | qsznq3 | 6 | Other | true | false | 0.66 | {
"comment_id": "t1_hkgi2bm",
"comment_text": [
"It’s controlled by the FDA. It is a registered drug because the alcohol is an active ingredient. I formulated Germ-X hand sanitizer. The alcohol is regulated by the ATF in the tanks we had in our tank farm. The finished product itself is a drug."
],
"score"... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hkg5nrm",
"comment_text": [
"Because denatured alcohol is virtually impossible to consume. It also is so widely used for industrial purposes that it can´t be subjected to regulation in the same way as consumable alcohol."
],
"score": 8
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_hkg5ph3",
"comment_text": [
"To beeee faaaairrrrr, when I went to detox, I was at a 0.38 or something. I can't judge anyone lol"
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_hkg59aj",
"comment_text": [
"Ethanol. You can get drunk from hand sanitizer.",
"When I was an EMT I picked up a guy who drank a metric ton of it at Walgreens. Afaik he was stable when we dropped him off, but I heard his BAC was 0.2+ from a sup later."
],
"score": 5
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_hkjfx7s",
"comment_text": [
"As stored as a raw material but then by the FDA as a drug in the product. IPA It’s really not preferred because it’s so drying to the skin but during a pandemic it is more important to kill germs."
],
"score": 3
} | |
ELI5- is everything relative? | explainlikeimfive | miu43c | 2 | Other | true | false | 0.75 | Einstein said time is relative. I get all the reasoning there. But isn’t everything relative if it came from independent observation and theory? Examples: degrees (weather AND angles), measurements (inches, feet, and so on), monetary values, and so on. At some point, someone coined these terms and their values. Doesn’t... | {
"comment_id": "t1_gt6lla9",
"comment_text": [
"It really depends on what you mean by relative. In a colloquial sense sure everything is relative, 5 dollars is a small amount of cash relative to a million. You could also say a metre is a small distance compared to a kilometre.",
"When Einstein showed that ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_gt7v8rd",
"comment_text": [
"... note that Einstein ALSO noted that length (and mass) are relative. So if you and Timmy are at rest with respect to each other, your seconds, meters, and yards are the same as his, and he'll agree.",
"But if he's moving fast enough relative to you that you... | {
"comment_id": "t1_gt6oeed",
"comment_text": [
"No what I'm saying is that the whole point of measurements is that they're not relative (at least they try to be, thank Einstein for breaking time). Sure a metre is not a yard, but a metre is a metre no matter where when or how fast you are. A metre and a yard ar... | {
"comment_id": "t1_gt6ow2q",
"comment_text": [
"Let's stick to euclidean geometry. We agree that full circles exist, and that one revolution of a large circle is the same amount is rotation as that of a smaller circle. We can demonstrate this easily by sweeping a line around the center of two concentric circle... | {
"comment_id": "t1_gt6p4yf",
"comment_text": [
"I mean, all human language and ideas were created by humans. There's nothing fundamental about breaking up a circle into 360⁰ degrees that requires it to be that way. It's just the measurement we ended up using, and as long as we all agree on the same measurement... |
ELI5 What would happen in a hypothetically small and very targeted nuclear war? | explainlikeimfive | gtvh1d | 3 | Other | true | false | 1 | {
"comment_id": "t1_fsemkyu",
"comment_text": [
"No. You’d need something that would only kill people and not cause lasting harm to the environment. Something like a ... pandemic."
],
"score": 7
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_fsempml",
"comment_text": [
"Well the deaths of all those people would have to be from impossible living conditions right? Like all deaths really. ",
"I’m sure there’s a way though, set it much later? In a remote part of the world that’s still habitable?"
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_fser992",
"comment_text": [
"So if I’m remembering correctly, and I’m probably not, I had a really vague understanding of this to begin with, your ideal scenario requires really specific conditions, and unfortunately has two issues requiring solutions on the opposite end of the spectrum. ",
... | {
"comment_id": "t1_fses52v",
"comment_text": [
"Kurzgesagt has a video on what happens if you nuke a city",
"https://youtu.be/5iPH-br_eJQ",
"Might serve as inspiration and a source of knowledge"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_fseuzps",
"comment_text": [
"Thank you!"
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5: Why do the same temperatures feel different? | explainlikeimfive | njz4x1 | 2 | Other | true | false | 0.67 | {
"comment_id": "t1_gz9xuuh",
"comment_text": [
"More than likely it is due to humidity. The more humid it is the more you feel the temperature. It can be 120*f with no humidity and it would feel the same as 85*f at 100% humidity."
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_gza30h2",
"comment_text": [
"Too, our body itself changes in it's sensitivity to ambient temps. ",
"Say one day, inside your home it is at such & such temp and humidity, feels very comfortable. Next day everything is the same, yet you may feel not as comfortable as the day before."
],
... | {
"comment_id": "t1_gz9zpw5",
"comment_text": [
"Humans cool themselves by perspiring through their skin and the resulting evaporation cools the surface of the skin. In an environment with high humidity less evaporation can occur (at 100% humidity no evaporation can occur). Whereas a windy environment with low ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_gza261l",
"comment_text": [
"Your skin can't feel temperature, it can only feel the flow of heat. Either into your body or out of your body, and how fast it is moving. Different factors like direct sunlight, humidity, wind/air movement, can have a huge impact on the flow of heat into or out ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_gza2er9",
"comment_text": [
"one thing to remember: when you set smth to a certain degree, you don't necessarily get the desired temperature. I. e. a heater will produce air hotter then you have set up because it tries to heats your surroundings to the set temperature as fast as possible"
... | |
ELi5 : Why do people say that the Catholic Church is corrupt/evil. | explainlikeimfive | o7tj2i | 2 | Other | true | false | 1 | {
"comment_id": "t1_h30v9gx",
"comment_text": [
"There are several issues here which have lead to that belief. The first has been not only discovering that there have been many priests or other highly placed people in the Catholic Church who have abused their positions and molested children, but that the Cathol... | {
"comment_id": "t1_h30vff9",
"comment_text": [
"Because there have been tons of stories of church members raping children and they are doing everything they can to cover it? That's just one of many exemples."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_h30w6ep",
"comment_text": [
"The third is the fact that it's more pegan than it is Christian. The early Catholic church basically just 'Christianized' pegan practices. ",
"The fourth is that the Catholic church has always been more concerned with gaining power, authority, and control tha... | {
"comment_id": "t1_h30wyqy",
"comment_text": [
"Gonna add number five here - missionary work. The church would send missionaries to \"civilize the savages\". In practice, this often met the definition of genocide."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_h30vn53",
"comment_text": [
"It's a completely top-down organization with a lot of power and no structural checks-and-balances controls built in. An organization like that will almost always become corrupt, and the catholic church is no exception. It pursues harmful policies, particularly ... | |
ELI5: Other profitable passive incomes than real estate? | explainlikeimfive | o7oia0 | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.5 | {
"comment_id": "t1_h2zxcnf",
"comment_text": [
"Well, you're really talking about investments like-",
"Also I really don't have any money to invest.",
"Ah. well, that kinda narrows it down. Outside of dumping money into long term index or mutual funds (where the investment \"stuff\" is done by other p... | {
"comment_id": "t1_h2zxngr",
"comment_text": [
"Vending Machines.",
"Figure out a way to get your hands on enough money to buy some vending machines and the drinks to stock them. Set them up near high-traffic areas. Collect the money.",
"Of course that still requires money in, as well as connections ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_h2zxeo0",
"comment_text": [
"I don't want to work that hard",
"I want lots of money",
"Invent a time machine, go back in time, and be born rich.",
"Other than that, you don't have any real good options without a lot of risk or a lot of work, and usually both."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_h2zy214",
"comment_text": [
"You don't have to put 80's a week into real estate there is many methods to get into real estate for example some one that flips a house requires time and money. But a contract whole seller you need very little money and you can put in 10 hours a week and make go... | {
"comment_id": "t1_h2zy633",
"comment_text": [
"Also I really don't have any money to invest.",
"Well that’s gonna be a problem, since the bulk of passive income is going to be investment related.",
"Real estate is a big one of course, and the work isn’t as hard as you may think - or it wouldn’t be “pa... | |
ELI5: What is virtue signalling? | explainlikeimfive | ghridu | 1 | Other | true | false | 0.67 | {
"comment_id": "t1_fqae72b",
"comment_text": [
"Doing something to be seen as good, rather than doing it because it is good. If the boss takes out the trash to show the employees that he's a team player (but not if he's in the office alone), that's virtue signalling."
],
"score": 9
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_fqaf4x6",
"comment_text": [
"Similar to a \"humble-brag\"."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_fqam6vv",
"comment_text": [
"Doing something in a way to flaunt its goodness, rather than just for the sake of it being good. Driving a Prius, that screams \"hybrid car\", rather than a Camry hybrid that might easily be overlooked as a regular Camry is an example."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_fqacecs",
"comment_text": [
"Trying to signal to the world that you are one of the good guys. Usually by yelling your opinion about a current news story even if you don’t have all the facts or not understand the nuance of it."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_fqadhyu",
"comment_text": [
"Great explanation. Thanks"
],
"score": 2
} | |
Eli5 : Why do biscuits (as per U.K. definition) get soft if left in an unsealed packet, but don’t if they are in a biscuit jar, but in both cases they are still completely surrounded by air (as the jar is not vacuumed) ? | explainlikeimfive | pvz9an | 15 | Other | true | false | 0.64 | Completely negated to take humidity into account. Thanks for all your replies. Makes a lot of sense now! | {
"comment_id": "t1_hedycqs",
"comment_text": [
"there is moisture in the air, but only a limited amount. This mean that in a jar the dey biscuits will absorb all the mositure and still stay crispy since the moisture they absorbed wasnt enough to the them to stay soft. Since the jar is closed no new air can get... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hedn8nx",
"comment_text": [
"Moisture moving into air is not a problem. Air can only hold so much water before being saturated. The problem arises if that humid air then ",
" away and is replaced by drier air, taking away even more moisture. So instead of vacuum-sealing something to prev... | {
"comment_id": "t1_heeeyuj",
"comment_text": [
"In a biscuit tin there is a sealed amount of air. The air contains water. Biscuits are very dry, and want to have the water, so they take the water out of the air - which makes them soft.",
"If they are in a biscuit tin, they can only have the water in there.... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hedjsyw",
"comment_text": [
"The jar is sealed better than a packet so the softening process just takes longer but it will still occur"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_heg65uk",
"comment_text": [
"A biscuit goes soft when the atmosphere around is is slightly more moist than the biscuit itself. If left out it gradually absorbs some of this moisture until they reach equilibrium and have the same moisture content.",
"Unfortunately because a lot of biscuit... |
ELI5: What is this Banana Republic people keep referring to when talking about current politics in the US? | explainlikeimfive | jzb089 | 3 | Other | true | false | 0.67 | {
"comment_id": "t1_gdawhgq",
"comment_text": [
"A \"Banana Republic\" is a country mostly run by a corrupt corporation to exploit the area's resources. Bananas are incredibly inexpensive because Chiquita mostly runs portions of Guatamala to exploit the banana farmers and their land."
],
"score": 11
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_gdawk1b",
"comment_text": [
"\"Banana republic\" is a pejorative term for a country with undemocratic government. Historically the countries of South America have had such governments, often heavily influenced by American corporations. Because some of the most egregious examples included cou... | {
"comment_id": "t1_gdb20ov",
"comment_text": [
"A banana republic is a type of ",
"plutocracy",
" where the people are ruled by the very wealthy with the intent of exploiting the lower class's labor to extract resources or agriculture. A country that is on paper a democracy controlled by it's people ca... | {
"comment_id": "t1_gdawuo0",
"comment_text": [
"Top level comments (i.e. comments that are direct replies to the main thread) are reserved for explanations to the OP or follow up on topic questions.",
"Off-topic discussion is not allowed at the top level at all, and discouraged elsewhere in the thread.",
... | {
"comment_id": "t1_gdawuo0",
"comment_text": [
"Top level comments (i.e. comments that are direct replies to the main thread) are reserved for explanations to the OP or follow up on topic questions.",
"Off-topic discussion is not allowed at the top level at all, and discouraged elsewhere in the thread.",
... | |
ELI5: How come a “Tommy Gun” is also regarded as a “machine gun”? | explainlikeimfive | fsp0ee | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.25 | {
"comment_id": "t1_fm2nstf",
"comment_text": [
"\"Tommy Gun\" is literally short for",
"Thompson Sub-Machine Gun",
"It's a machine gun because it's fully automatic. As long as you hold the trigger, it keeps shooting"
],
"score": 8
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_fm2ok9m",
"comment_text": [
"The differentiation between machine gun and submachine gun are really military definitions rather than legal ones a submachine gun is used in a far more offensive manner in the military than a machine gun, but the physical principles they operate on are basically... | {
"comment_id": "t1_fm2pa24",
"comment_text": [
"Yep as I said it meets the legal definition for a machine gun, but the military need a special category for weapons that are light enough for a single person to carry and operate to house/trench clear and other close combat actions, so they created the category s... | {
"comment_id": "t1_fm2psdk",
"comment_text": [
"Not sure why you are asking the question when you have the answer yourself",
"The original Model 1927, while semiautomatic only, is still classified as a Title II firearm because of its machine gun receiver and short barrel."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_fm2qtls",
"comment_text": [
"A light portable machine gun is the definition of a submachine gun."
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5: When special forces (like the SWAT) clear a room, they often have intersecting lines of sight and sometimes cross each other’s paths. Why is that? | explainlikeimfive | lhg9ve | 0 | Other | true | false | 0.42 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_gmx2tol",
"comment_text": [
"They are not able to watch their front and back at the same time, so they work together to cover each other's."
],
"score": 5
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_gmxb1u9",
"comment_text": [
"Body bumping as in brushing?"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_gmxb1u9",
"comment_text": [
"Body bumping as in brushing?"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_gmxb0yo",
"comment_text": [
"Crossing? Not usually. Bypassing, overtaking. Where'd you hear that?"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_gmym3b0",
"comment_text": [
"Well, I actually can answer this in some way.",
"From what I know, when they quickly check rooms and say clear, they are only dealing with immediate threats (people holding the room that are visible in a quick glance). When they do that and clear the building... |
eli5 Why do companies go bankrupt "randomly"? | explainlikeimfive | xusjhr | 0 | R2 (Subjective/Speculative) | true | false | 0.5 | {
"comment_id": "t1_iqx72xp",
"comment_text": [
"It's not random, and the executives know it might happen. If they tell everyone the company is about to run out of money, all the workers will seek new jobs, and the company is definitely going to be destroyed. Instead, they'd rather lie that everything is okay... | {
"comment_id": "t1_iqx6td6",
"comment_text": [
"it does not happen out of a sudden, but people do like to be overly optimistic, or ignore problems, or hide them from others.",
"For the kind of people who make movies and games, it would be quite typical to demand high quality and ignore budget constraints, ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_iqx74yr",
"comment_text": [
"Basically bad budgeting.",
"Let's say you want to make a game, you guess how long it will take and how much it will cost to make. Then you go and get financing either a loan or investments.",
"If the game takes longer to make than you budgeted, then at so... | {
"comment_id": "t1_iqx76hc",
"comment_text": [
"Poor financial planning.",
"We, as normal people, don't see the behind the scenes process of big projects. There are salaries to pay, spaces to rent, equipment to buy and maintain, marketing, and all of that adds up. In cases like movies, it's also site sco... | {
"comment_id": "t1_iqx7hem",
"comment_text": [
"It kind of makes sense that you find out at the last minute. For example, if a company is making a game that you're really interested but say about 6 months in advance \"we're super excited about this game! However, more than likely its gonna break us permanently... | |
eli5: The cashback on debit cards | explainlikeimfive | xmbn0j | 0 | R2 (Narrow/Personal) | true | false | 0.29 | {
"comment_id": "t1_ipngwjw",
"comment_text": [
"When it's offering cash back after a purchase, that's basically a withdrawal from your account. For a lot of people it's a convenient way to withdraw cash from their account without having to go to an ATM. It's not free money, it's coming out of your account."
... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ipnh0j9",
"comment_text": [
"Cash back on a debit purchase isn't like cash back on a credit card; it's more akin to buying your sandwich and then getting $50 from the ATM on your way out."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ipnhcc7",
"comment_text": [
"Debit cards, unlike credit cards, directly charge the bank account they're tied to for the total of the transaction. If you buy $20 of groceries, your bank account will instantly show a transaction of $20. If you buy $20 of groceries and take $50 cash, your bank ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ipnh58k",
"comment_text": [
"Well it depends how much you have in your account. If you always take the highest amount you might end up short for direct debits and stuff like that. ",
"Sometimes you don't get asked because they aren't allowed to give cashback. Or they dint have the money ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ipnsw1l",
"comment_text": [
"Your submission has been removed for the following reason(s):",
"ELI5 is not meant for any question that you may have, including personal questions, medical questions, legal questions, etc. It is meant for simplifying complex concepts.",
"If you would lik... | |
ELI5: Why taxing the rich isn't easy? | explainlikeimfive | us4iin | 5 | R6 (Loaded) | true | false | 0.58 | {
"comment_id": "t1_i91bfhf",
"comment_text": [
"Because the rich have a strong influence on government, and they make sure it doesn't happen. Also, in capitalism the idea is that the wealthy create jobs, and wealth trickles down, so fiscally liberal policy says don't tax the rich so much. ",
"As should be ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_i91dp9u",
"comment_text": [
"That's the general reason but it's even more complex and more grey than that. It's important to realize most of the ultra rich control companies, and their wealth is tied up in those companies.",
"Aside from the well known bezos/Amazon/Amazon HQ stuff, in Ill... | {
"comment_id": "t1_i91fhms",
"comment_text": [
"We do tax the rich. ",
". Last year, Jeff Bezos paid $973 million dollars in taxes, where the average taxpayer paid ~$10,500. He paid over 92 thousand times the tax paid by the average American, and to paraphrase Sam Seaborn of The West Wing, the water doesn'... | {
"comment_id": "t1_i91bsul",
"comment_text": [
"There's a number of different arguments as to why taxing the rich is complicated.",
"First of all you might hear the theory of Trickle-down economics. This idea that if the Wealthy pay less taxes they'll in turn use that extra wealth to create new businesses ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_i91n5pn",
"comment_text": [
"The IRS (or local tax service) has to be able to identify and locate your assets, and then use the law to demand payment. The rich can conceal their assets, and sue (or use other legal maneuvers) to prevent investigation into their assets, or postpone/refuse tax... | |
eli5: why does the uk have so many different accents? | explainlikeimfive | w8jd1k | 1 | R2 (Straightforward) | true | false | 0.67 | {
"comment_id": "t1_ihplbqs",
"comment_text": [
"Becuase people didnt travel very far back then. Small communities were evolving over centuries, with every group adding different spin on the same language, ending with today´s accent."
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ihpoujq",
"comment_text": [
"Except it largely does just regionally… and some cities def have their own",
"New Orleans, Boston, hell New York City proper has multiple accents!"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ihppbeu",
"comment_text": [
"Rule 2 forbids straightforward questions.",
"Rule 7 requires that you search the sub before posting."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ihpvxwp",
"comment_text": [
"rule 9 says kys"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ihppc8t",
"comment_text": [
"Your submission has been removed for the following reason(s):",
"Straightforward or factual queries are not allowed on ELI5. ELI5 is meant for simplifying complex concepts. ",
"If you would like this removal reviewed, please read the ",
"detailed rule... | |
ELI5: What happens when mustard “goes to your brain” after eating too much of it? | explainlikeimfive | vyb0p8 | 1 | R6 (Loaded/False Premise) | true | false | 0.67 | {
"comment_id": "t1_ig11rb0",
"comment_text": [
"If you play with fire, you'll pee the bed. ",
"Also, if you whistle at the northern lights, they will come and kidnap you in your sleep.",
"If you swallow watermelon seeds, you'll grow a whole watermelon in your belly.",
"And for the love of all thing... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ig11fkk",
"comment_text": [
"What have your parents told you?\nIf this actually is a thing im gonna be flabbergasted."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ig12p34",
"comment_text": [
"I remember those last 2 fondly, lol"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ig14mus",
"comment_text": [
"I was a fire bug. I heard the one about peeing the bed frequently. I determined that was a lie.",
"Also, saying \"white rabbit\" when the campfire smoke is coming towards you makes it blow in another direction. Worked like 60% if the time 😂"
],
"score": ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ig16plp",
"comment_text": [
"A chemical (",
"Allyl isothiocyanate",
") from the mustard/horseradish/wasabi ",
"binds to pain receptors in your sinus",
". The plants evolved it as a defense against being eaten, but just like capsaicin in chilis, it doesn't always work."
],
... | |
ELI5 how does compressing huge files into zip files work | explainlikeimfive | 10m2r07 | 0 | R7 (Search First) | true | false | 0.5 | {
"comment_id": "t1_j60oong",
"comment_text": [
"Maybe it only works as “AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA”, hence why files have to be unzipped.",
"\nThere are also much more large-scale patterns that are compressed, and/or different file formats (e.g. a bunch of photos, or random PDFs) that couldn’t be “compressed at ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j60k3w1",
"comment_text": [
"There are 100 cars in the room, and you make a ver detailed list of what’s in the room. ",
"You can say: there is an engine in the car, that has xy parts, and 50 screws. Also there are 4 seats and 4 wheels. ",
"The list goes on, you listed everything that... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j60ou04",
"comment_text": [
"The original file might not be a program, but a text file where the separate As serve a purpose. In the case of a program, you can only compress it down to a certain degree until the computer can’t interpret it as a program anymore - and compilers usually already... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j60kijz",
"comment_text": [
"Some files are harder to compress because they have mostly unique information, but the more repetition the file has the easier to compress"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_j60lsyo",
"comment_text": [
"Notably, many image, audio and video files are already compressed, often with algorithms tailored specifically for that type of content (many times a \"lossy\" one which discards details we're unlikely to notice), and won't compress much more, if at all, in a .zi... | |
ELI5: Accents… how do those work? | explainlikeimfive | u34ph5 | 1 | R7 (Search First) | true | false | 1 | {
"comment_id": "t1_i4n2g3t",
"comment_text": [
"That’s actually really interesting, thanks"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_i4n0ond",
"comment_text": [
"That makes complete sense, but how do those accents start in the first place? Like what makes someone just start pronouncing the same letter in different ways"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_i4n0ond",
"comment_text": [
"That makes complete sense, but how do those accents start in the first place? Like what makes someone just start pronouncing the same letter in different ways"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_i4n0tpl",
"comment_text": [
"Accents don't tend to actually change that much when an adult moves somewhere else. This is because they've already learnt how to say the sounds in their accent and the brain finds it harder to change. ",
"That being said, there will be some changes, and it... | {
"comment_id": "t1_i4n10xl",
"comment_text": [
"This is the part I understand, but how do accents form in the first place? Like Brits Americans and Canadians all speak the same language but pronounce certain letters differently"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5 - Evaporation in the water cycle | explainlikeimfive | wz1g4c | 0 | R7 (Search First) | true | false | 0.5 | {
"comment_id": "t1_ilzsqkb",
"comment_text": [
"Water doesn't need to reach boiling point to evaporate. Evaporation happens at any temperature above freezing and even below the freezing point. And ice can actually sublimate (go straight from solid ice to gas).",
"The boiling point is just when the pressure... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ilzup0h",
"comment_text": [
"Boils =/= evaporation",
"Water changes state from liquid to gas when it gets enoguht energy. As surface of sea is constanlyy bombarded by energy from sun, some of particles will change state.",
"100° degrees is temperature where you will see buubles in yo... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ilzxwua",
"comment_text": [
"Molecules are bouncing around in liquid water at a certain speed. This speed can be measured as the temperature of the water. Sometimes a molecule that is not really going fast enough to be vapor bounces near the surface and flies into the atmosphere, becoming va... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ilzssip",
"comment_text": [
"It doesn't need to reach boiling, it can actually evaporate at near freezing temperatures. It's more about how much water is already in the air at that tempature which will determine the rate at which it is evaporating, which a boiling pot the tempature makes it ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ilzy9po",
"comment_text": [
"Temperature, as you may know, is basically a measure of kinetic energy of the water molecules. These molecules will constantly collide and thus exchange some of that impulse.",
"That's wy, at any temperature in any medium, there is a distribution of different... | |
ELI5: Theoretically, what would happen if someone put $1 into every single stock available in the world? | explainlikeimfive | ld8yi9 | 0 | R2 (Hypothetical) | true | false | 0.33 | {
"comment_id": "t1_gm4e96s",
"comment_text": [
"They would have a non cap weighted index of world equity. They would lose alot of money compared to doing a cap weighted approach."
],
"score": 5
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_gm4gcxn",
"comment_text": [
"Yeah your portfolio would be flooded with OTC penny stock garbage that drops off the planet much faster than the big boys can grow."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_gm4ewcf",
"comment_text": [
"you cant do that directly (as most stocks cost a lot more than $1 per share), but you can essentially do it by buying index fonds.",
"what would happen? on average that person would make money as stock prices kept growing longterm over the past few decades.",... | {
"comment_id": "t1_gm4fzyk",
"comment_text": [
"I...don't exactly know what else you were after. If someone theoretically bought a bunch of things, then they'd have the things that they bought. Exactly what explanation of something \"happening\" were you looking for?"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_gm4fzyk",
"comment_text": [
"I...don't exactly know what else you were after. If someone theoretically bought a bunch of things, then they'd have the things that they bought. Exactly what explanation of something \"happening\" were you looking for?"
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5: Why do most Fantasy Films & Games adventures have 4 people in the party? | explainlikeimfive | 10rk9av | 2 | R2 (Fiction) | true | false | 0.62 | {
"comment_id": "t1_j6w2qlw",
"comment_text": [
"From what I could tell from some quick googling it is remnants from the board game Era where because pretty much all board games were played on a square board they had a max of 4 players which is the number of people you can comfortably get around a square board.... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j6w5ty8",
"comment_text": [
"It's how you'd have had a well-rounded party in the early days of AD&D. ",
"You have your fighter, who deals with most of the physical combat and anything that requires brute strength. ",
"You have your magic caster who can be your glass cannon in comb... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j6w7042",
"comment_text": [
"There are lots of meta-rationalizations, but it mostly comes down to the fact that most fantasy films and games are conceived of by people who grew up playing Dungeons & Dragons, and four is the standard party size in D&D.",
"There isn't any particular reason... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j6wavdd",
"comment_text": [
"4 is a comfortable number. You want people to interact, but you don't want to wait for your turn too long. As a long time TTRPG player, having more than 4 player gets boring because you wait for other to play (which sadly mean that the better you are at the game,... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j6w3s9z",
"comment_text": [
"In the Percy Jackson Franchise, it was always 3 to a quest. I always rationalized it like this: If one person gets injured, one person can stay with them and the third goes for help. 4 would have a similar advantage. Plus look at games. There's usually 4 or 5 m... | |
ELI5: How did measuring time become easier to agree upon in comparison to other measurements (e.g. length, mass, currency, etc.)? | explainlikeimfive | wwy8e1 | 6 | R6 (Loaded/False Premise) | true | false | 0.88 | {
"comment_id": "t1_ilnypir",
"comment_text": [
"Even very primitive societies need ways to measure length, mass and currency.",
"Primitive societies also need calendars - which is why we have a host of different calendars throughout history developed independently of one another. While all such calendars h... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ilnzlcu",
"comment_text": [
"The basic answer is because the natural base unit to measure is going to be the Day. ",
"Anywhere else while you're measuring length or weight or whatever, there's no single thing where you're like \"This is THE thing we're measuring\" ",
"You could b... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ilnzi37",
"comment_text": [
"So yes, there have been many time standards, from the bronze age, bowl with a hole that slowly filled or drained of a set volume of water for irrigation to putting sticks in the ground to mark noon.",
"Base 10 time was a brief blip during the rennesance but b... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ilo96sw",
"comment_text": [
"During the French revolution they briefly experimented with decimal time: ten hours in a day, ten days in a week, so on. The year 0 was set to be the year of the Revolution (it was a very optimistic time). For whatever reason, people just didn't like it and it ne... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ilo9yvf",
"comment_text": [
"Just to add, on units:",
"The USA does not use Imperial measurements, it uses American Customary Units, those were invented well after American independence. 1 US gallon is not an imperial gallon, one US pint is not 1 imperial pint. One US Inch was not the sa... | |
ELI5: Are we runing out of oil like within 9 years?? Is that enough time to change our life? | explainlikeimfive | op8qki | 1 | R2 (Straightforward) | true | false | 0.6 | {
"comment_id": "t1_h63ntkt",
"comment_text": [
"We are \"running out of oil within 9 years\" for the last, like, 30 years. And the deadline is moving further and further away."
],
"score": 8
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_h63o1su",
"comment_text": [
"No, we likely aren't running out of oil in 9 years. Every few years, people make these kinds of estimates. It's been going on for over a hundred years now, and it's never been anywhere near accurate.",
"Our reliance on oil will eventually end, but it won't be... | {
"comment_id": "t1_h63wz95",
"comment_text": [
"It goes back a lot further than that.",
"The idea that the rate of oil production would peak and irreversibly decline is an old one. In 1919, David White, chief geologist of the United States Geological Survey, wrote of US petroleum: \"... the peak of product... | {
"comment_id": "t1_h63qv98",
"comment_text": [
"the problem with were running out of oil is that we arent running out of oil. ",
"First theres advancements in refinement, when we started using oil we would use heavier fuels like paraffin or heavy fuel oil, while gasoline was tossed away, then the advacemen... | {
"comment_id": "t1_h63reoi",
"comment_text": [
"I work in the industry, and it's actually quite the opposite we very nearly ran out of storage space during the pandemic because the demand went down so low. There was a couple days there where the price of oil went negative because people were desperate to unloa... | |
Eli5 Why can men go into the “Nothing Space” and not be actively thinking about anything | explainlikeimfive | odn1c5 | 0 | R2 (Subjective/Speculative) | true | false | 0.33 | {
"comment_id": "t1_h41aj6e",
"comment_text": [
"That question has a lot of thick generalizations in it that need to be sorted before actually answering. ",
"I'd posit, are men able to go into the nothing space? I am a man and I have trouble with that...",
"I think sometimes it can seem that other peopl... | {
"comment_id": "t1_h419ua4",
"comment_text": [
"When nothing needs attention the mind rests. We just be existing sometimes.",
"Source: Personal experience"
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_h417tr5",
"comment_text": [
"Are you basing this off of real world statistics or personal beliefs?",
"You are technically speaking about a form of meditation. Meditation tends to be hard for people. No matter what their sexual orientation is."
],
"score": 5
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_h41bzgg",
"comment_text": [
"I don't really go into a \"nothing space\" where my mind is totally blank, but it's more that I just think idle thoughts and let the train of thought go where it will, not really concentrating or focusing on any particular topic. If someone asked me what I was t... | {
"comment_id": "t1_h41ckht",
"comment_text": [
"It's easy for some of us, when life is presenting us with no immediate demands, to just sit back and let it wash over us, enjoying the moment as it were. ",
"Why? Hard to say. maybe just an intrinsic understanding that it's OK to not be dealing with/reacting ... | |
ELI5: If the Titanic was unsinkable then how did it sink? | explainlikeimfive | zxcft0 | 0 | R2 (Straightforward) | true | false | 0.3 | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1zg0dp",
"comment_text": [
"It was said to be unsinkable. It was designed to be hard to sink. Hard to happen things happen once in a while, including when Titanic sunk."
],
"score": 12
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1zgnm9",
"comment_text": [
"It's not possible to make a ship truly unsinkable; the idea that Titanic was unsinkable was hype built on a (for the time period) relatively good design to make the ship very difficult to sink."
],
"score": 5
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1zixex",
"comment_text": [
"True, but not having sufficient life boats didn't cause the ship to sink. ",
"Several significant regulations came out of it, along with the International Ice Patrol."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1zhoim",
"comment_text": [
"This is why you NEVER listen to a salesman.",
"Also, the problem wasn't so much the double hull, but that the water-tight compartments didn't go all the way up.",
"https://www.simscale.com/blog/why-did-titanic-sink-engineer/#:~:text=The%20lower%20section%... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1zhoim",
"comment_text": [
"This is why you NEVER listen to a salesman.",
"Also, the problem wasn't so much the double hull, but that the water-tight compartments didn't go all the way up.",
"https://www.simscale.com/blog/why-did-titanic-sink-engineer/#:~:text=The%20lower%20section%... | |
ELI5 why trans issues/rights are so prominent in the media when those affected form such a small portion of society? | explainlikeimfive | zwwbp2 | 4 | R2 (Subjective/Speculative) | true | false | 0.83 | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1x4sg1",
"comment_text": [
"There is no way to give an objective answer for this. The answer is that the people running the media want to push these issues, and have the ability to do so. But that's a vague answer, there's no objective way to give a more specific one."
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1x4wtw",
"comment_text": [
"Just because a minority is a minority is no reason to denigrate attention drawn to discrimination."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1x54na",
"comment_text": [
"Your submission has been removed for the following reason(s):",
"Subjective or speculative replies are not allowed on ELI5. Only objective explanations are permitted here; your question is asking for speculation or subjective responses. This includes anything... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1x5ukc",
"comment_text": [
"I don't know if you'll see this since it wasn't already removed, but maybe try ",
"r/OutOfTheLoop",
" or ",
"r/NoStupidQuestions",
". Be sure to check the rules first though because I don't know for certain they'd accept this question."
],
"sc... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1x4xa3",
"comment_text": [
"There may not be many of them, but trans people are being more open and vocal about their civil rights now that society is starting to be more accepting of the LGBTQ community as a whole. And there's a lot of people who are upset that the LGBTQ community is getti... | |
ELI5: Why was WW1 called a world war? | explainlikeimfive | zwzvtm | 0 | R2 (Straightforward) | true | false | 0.44 | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1xv1wa",
"comment_text": [
"I really want to emphasise what \"Europe, some allies, and some colonies\" looked like during World War I.",
" (",
"source",
") They may have provided troops, supplies, or natural resources. They may have volunteered these things, or been required to ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1xujz1",
"comment_text": [
"Without taking away from the fact that this is generally true, the First World War was first described as a 'world war' in a 1914 newspaper article, and an English war correspondent titled his 1920 memoir 'The First World War'.",
"It was popularly known as th... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1xujz1",
"comment_text": [
"Without taking away from the fact that this is generally true, the First World War was first described as a 'world war' in a 1914 newspaper article, and an English war correspondent titled his 1920 memoir 'The First World War'.",
"It was popularly known as th... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1yb577",
"comment_text": [
"116,516 Americans died in WWI. 4.7 million Americans served. I don’t know how you can be so obtusely dismissive."
],
"score": 13
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_j1y1rgp",
"comment_text": [
"I don't think you understand how the world worked in the 1910's"
],
"score": 12
} | |
eli5: why can't we eat cookie dough because it's got raw egg in it, but athletes eat straight raw egg and they're fine? | explainlikeimfive | sl933a | 237 | R6 (Loaded/False Premise) | true | false | 0.85 | {
"comment_id": "t1_hvpepot",
"comment_text": [
"Cookie dough isn't a salmonella risk because of eggs, it's an issue because of the flour.\n",
"https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/communication/no-raw-dough.html",
"\nAs well as athletes, a lot of Asian cultures eat raw or barely cooked eggs and there isn't a... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hvpphms",
"comment_text": [
"Also, this only applies to dough you're making from scratch. Cookie dough you buy in the store is pasteurized. It's totally fine to eat raw. The warning is more for them to cover their ass just in case, not because it's actually going to do anything to you."
],... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hvpeyae",
"comment_text": [
"Woahhh I didn't know flour did that! Thank you :o"
],
"score": 124
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_hvqbrno",
"comment_text": [
"They may also heat the flour to a temp that kills the bacteria."
],
"score": 51
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_hvqb89i",
"comment_text": [
"I've seen cookie dough in store that actually says on the package that it's OK to eat raw, Pillsbury I think? As long as the packaging facility is clean enough they must feel they are in the clear lawsuit- wise"
],
"score": 44
} | |
Eli5: is pee liquid clean? Its waste but is it clean from bacteria and maybe virus? | explainlikeimfive | y1vtml | 0 | R2 (Narrow) | true | false | 0.5 | {
"comment_id": "t1_irznyt6",
"comment_text": [
"Not completely, even inside your bladder, although it usually does not contain very many bacteria. (A large amount of bacteria in urine is usually a sign of illness. Usually if you're talking about \"bacteria in your urine\" you're talking about these higher, eas... | {
"comment_id": "t1_irztdl3",
"comment_text": [
"The urban myth that pee is sterrile comes from the fact that all the liquid in the urine is extracted from the blood and the blood should be free of any infections. In addition urine is a quite hostile environment with high salinity and other toxins which makes i... | {
"comment_id": "t1_it7dd8v",
"comment_text": [
"Idk who bear grylls is"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_irzrhcd",
"comment_text": [
"Everything you touch, eat, and drink in your daily life will have some form of bacteria.",
"Your pee is no different, despite what Bear Grylls suggests."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_it7htop",
"comment_text": [
"This guy: ",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=axVPg5EtvKs",
" and ",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wAp9aUw-qqY",
"He's apparently normally a few hundred metres from the nearest hotel or major road when he does this stuff, but he's still fun to ... | |
eli5 Why were american tribes so primitive compared to european/asian/african tribes? | explainlikeimfive | wzyxix | 1 | R6 (False Premise) | true | false | 0.56 | {
"comment_id": "t1_im55c30",
"comment_text": [
"It's a very complex answer but geography is the ultimate root of the issue. It was easy for very early civilizations along the east/west axis from Europe to Asia to trade. This meant technology including crop seeds could be exchanged.",
"I recommend you rea... | {
"comment_id": "t1_im5wefk",
"comment_text": [
"Dogs, lamas, alpaca, turkey.",
"But yes they did domesticate relatively few animals compared to old world populations."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_im5jdnk",
"comment_text": [
"Thanks for the suggestion, I'll check out that book!"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_im5bbh9",
"comment_text": [
"Many Native Americans domesticated crops corn, tomatoes, potatoes, chilies. To name a few."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_im5ipvz",
"comment_text": [
"I would disagree with that statement domestication applies to basically any non human organism that humans have crafted to meet our needs through selective breeding."
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: How does Post Nut Clarity work? Why do all the horny thoughts and feelings seem to disappear instantaneously? | explainlikeimfive | y07y6f | 2,682 | R2 (Narrow/Personal) | true | true | 0.9 | {
"comment_id": "t1_irqve8i",
"comment_text": [
"It's at least partially related to your brain releasing the \"gotta get fuckin\" lock on your cognitive function.",
"When it comes to more basic/physical drives like arousal or adrenaline response, it tends to override the more cognitive portion of your brain... | {
"comment_id": "t1_irqgk5s",
"comment_text": [
"Doctor here!",
"To be honest? We really dont know, and some biologists argue it really isnt a thing, its just returning to a state of normal after a cocktail of urges and chemicals were driving is to orgasm.",
"The most commonly thrown around theories are... | {
"comment_id": "t1_irrvdau",
"comment_text": [
"It's crazy how fast my thinking is being completely overwhelmed by one thing to me going over my grocery shopping list in a split second"
],
"score": 546
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_irqr428",
"comment_text": [
"Dopamine levels drop below baseline post-orgasm, and prolactin increases:",
"https://sites.tufts.edu/emotiononthebrain/2014/11/18/postcoital-neurochemistry-the-blues-and-the-highs/"
],
"score": 387
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_irrzkl5",
"comment_text": [
"Her: That was great, what are you thinking about now?",
"You: Do we need butter and milk...?"
],
"score": 363
} | |
eli5: How is Costco roast chicken so cheap? | explainlikeimfive | 10fmfih | 2 | R2 (Questions must seek objective explanations) | true | false | 0.6 | {
"comment_id": "t1_j4xo0ml",
"comment_text": [
"From what I understand it's a loss leader.\nIt's sold at a price where they actually lose money on it, but... It gets you in the door and they make up the money with you buying all the other stuff."
],
"score": 16
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_j4xo31a",
"comment_text": [
"It’s a loss leader. They might lose money on a chicken, but it gets you into the store, and then you’ll buy other products that are more profitable. It’s like when the cheapest place to get diapers was Toys R Us, and they stocked them way in the back, so you ha... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j4xvzas",
"comment_text": [
"To add to the loss leader stuff that everyone else posted, they also use the whole chickens that are near their sell by date. Rather than have customers avoid those chickens until they can no longer sell them and toss them, they cook them and sell them at a lowe... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j4xo5ud",
"comment_text": [
"It’s a loss leader. They lose money by selling chickens at that price, but nobody goes to Costco to buy just a chicken, so they make their money by incentivizing people to come get cheap dinner and buy a lot of other stuff while there."
],
"score": 5
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_j4y16i8",
"comment_text": [
"Think of it as Costco feeding the hungry who can't afford food. Its two full chickens for the price of a combo meal at FiveGuys. You can eat for a week on this."
],
"score": 2
} | |
eli5 - What is pain? Why can’t we just turn it off if we’d like to? And is extreme cold considered pain? | explainlikeimfive | 10xcpdx | 0 | R7 (Search First) | true | false | 0.5 | {
"comment_id": "t1_j7rmfvs",
"comment_text": [
"Then we wouldn’t know something was wrong…..people who are born without pain receptors have a very reduced life span."
],
"score": 5
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_j7rlk08",
"comment_text": [
"It just a signal from your body that something's wrong. You can turn off pain with the right drugs or procedures, but you also lose feeling in those parts of the body because pain recepters are linked to nerves which allow being able to feel your body."
],
"s... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j7rq3kv",
"comment_text": [
"If you could turn it off, people would turn it off and do the exact things pain's whole purpose is to prevent you from doing.",
"Like, nobody ",
" to feel pain. You'd just immediately turn it off if you could, wouldn't you? The ",
" of pain is to make... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j7rmjmd",
"comment_text": [
"Pain is not a bodily defense, but a message to you. Imagine us humans, and other animals for that matter, we have been too stupid to understand that something was wrong, and we therefore had to relax. So the body had to give us a message that forced us to not use... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j7rqgmm",
"comment_text": [
"Yep. I got stabbed in the ankle and couldn’t even register it the first few seconds cuz there was no pain lol. Pain really tells us so much."
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5 how are doctors different from nurses? | explainlikeimfive | sz1xfo | 0 | R2 (Straightforward) | true | false | 0.4 | {
"comment_id": "t1_hy15pnd",
"comment_text": [
"Nurses are responsible for providing basic care to patients, while doctors are responsible for diagnosing and treating patients."
],
"score": 13
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_hy17rdb",
"comment_text": [
"Nurses are like general mechanics, doctors like luxury car mechanics, surgeons like F1 car mechanics.",
"It's more like nurses know how to use spanners and screwdrivers and can change oil on schedule but doctors can work our what's wrong with your car, and wh... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hy1dh2e",
"comment_text": [
"A general decides on what strategy to use. The soldiers fight the actual battle."
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_hy1a1kk",
"comment_text": [
"Doctors study medicine for far longer, they have deeper knowledge about pathophysiology than any nurse. They have the final say on the course of treatment. ",
"Some experienced nurses are very smart. Experienced nurse practitioners are very smart. They defini... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hy16ztj",
"comment_text": [
"Length of education. ",
"After a far longer schooling period, doctors have to work in a hospital and in a general practice (some stay here but are still doctors) before graduating completely, 16/20 years ",
"In comparison you can go from no knowledge to a... | |
ELI5: How do people with poor vision in societies without access to optometrists function? | explainlikeimfive | 10fmztn | 1 | R2 (Subjective/Speculative) | true | false | 0.67 | {
"comment_id": "t1_j4xvyrn",
"comment_text": [
"You just make do without reading. There are lots of things you can do that don't involve great eyesight.",
"In societies where everyone had to fight to survive, you'd die. But there have never been many societies like that. Even cavemen took care of their dis... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j4xvyag",
"comment_text": [
"Short sightedness definitely does happen in places with an outdoor lifestyle, lol",
"Yeah, staying indoors a lot can make it worse, but that's not the ",
" thing that causes shortsightedness"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_j4xtzan",
"comment_text": [
"Yeah, like I said, in modern societies vision loss is much more of a hindrance, but we ",
" have a lot more ways to correct it. You can be 100% legally blind and still easily be on reddit, for example (:"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_j5040jf",
"comment_text": [
"For sure there is a genetic factor too. Spectacle wearers earn more and are more high prestige than non spectacle wearers. I read somewhere that that was the environmental reason certain nationalities tended to wear spectacles. It could also be a culture of eye c... | {
"comment_id": "t1_j4xrusw",
"comment_text": [
"This gets posted pretty often, but the TL;DR: is that perfect vision isn't that important in a society where, you know, you don't need to read small print or drive fast vehicles. Societies where one had to constantly fight to survive were not ones where people in... | |
ELI5, the war between USA and Afghanistan? | explainlikeimfive | p14m60 | 11 | R2 (Religion/Politics) | true | false | 0.71 | {
"comment_id": "t1_h8axc4t",
"comment_text": [
"Well, I’ll give a general overview.",
"First, let’s talk about the Taliban, the Taliban grew from earlier movements (and some other groups, but focusing on the Taliban) stem from the Mujahideen who came to power in afghanistan after driving out the Soviet inv... | {
"comment_id": "t1_h8btflt",
"comment_text": [
"Remember that Mohammad Omar, the leader of the Taliban, went on the record in saying that they would not give Osama bin Laden up.",
"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/sep/26/afghanistan.features11"
],
"score": 11
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_h8btubv",
"comment_text": [
"Damn. That was an excellent synopsis."
],
"score": 9
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_h8b3ra7",
"comment_text": [
"This is true. My guess is that many people may not be familiar with the term Mujahideen, which may more aptly describe the origins during the soviet invasion."
],
"score": 8
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_h8b0rxm",
"comment_text": [
"What oil is in Afghanistan."
],
"score": 7
} | |
ELI5 Virtual Machines. If I use google (or microsoft) through a virtual machine, am I still being tracked? | explainlikeimfive | rbogf3 | 0 | R2 (Narrow/Personal) | true | false | 0.4 | {
"comment_id": "t1_hnpbpfv",
"comment_text": [
"Potentially, yes. ",
"A virtual machine is just a computer running inside another computer. It has all the same systems, limitations, and liabilities of a normal computer. If you are concerned with being tracked, your best defenses are using a VPN, using inco... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hnpbu6y",
"comment_text": [
"Short answer: yes.",
"Even if you're using Google/Microsoft through a virtual machine, you're still using it from your house, and more importantly, your modem. You still have the same IP address being slapped onto your traffic, and so you're still being track... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hnpbqoj",
"comment_text": [
"Yes. The browser in your VM still works the same way. As well your isp can see what you are doing. They only way to not be tracked would be to turn off all cookies, us some sort of firewall to block other tracking requests and us some sort of encrypted connection... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hnpbvyj",
"comment_text": [
"It depends, to the VM. Google (and Microsoft) will still be tracking your habits, but they may not be able to connect the information to you. That being said, if you sign in to Google (or Microsoft) in the VM, then it appears to Google (and Microsoft) that you ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hnpc8dj",
"comment_text": [
"Also, the interesting thing is that the systems that track you, don't know who you are per say. They use tofu patterns, create a profile, and assign an identifier. Then serves you ads. It also determines other criteria which will assigns value to you. For instanc... | |
ELI5: What happens to soups and juice after it reaches our stomach? | explainlikeimfive | q983hj | 1 | R7 (Search First) | true | false | 0.57 | {
"comment_id": "t1_hgu9jtz",
"comment_text": [
"It isn't processed much differently from solid food. It mixes with the juices in your stomach, then moves into your intestines. The walls of your intestines allow water and nutrients to cross into your bloodstream, but no, your blood would not be chicken soup fla... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hgu9vm3",
"comment_text": [
"Food doesn’t go directly into your blood, it gets broken down by your stomach, goes through your smaller intestine where more enzymes break it down so that things like nutrients, fat, sugar and water can get absorbed into the body, which is then further passed to... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hguhh0x",
"comment_text": [
"As someone who had their gall bladder removed and occasionally shits undigested food if I don't take an antindiarhhea...I think so yes"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_hguhh0x",
"comment_text": [
"As someone who had their gall bladder removed and occasionally shits undigested food if I don't take an antindiarhhea...I think so yes"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_hgubimv",
"comment_text": [
"our stomach is about pH 1, do you really think the solid stuff stays solid for long? (+chewing so its some sort of mash anyway + enzymes that break up the structure too)"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: where did this image come from, what is it used for and what do the colors, shape sizes and shape positions on it mean? | explainlikeimfive | rh4hi7 | 3 | R2 (Narrow/Personal) | true | false | 0.81 | {
"comment_id": "t1_hoo35qk",
"comment_text": [
"It's what we used to call a \"test pattern\" on old televisions. When the last TV channel signed off for the night you would get this pattern on your TV screen. The rainbow of colors were used to test the colors in the picture. ",
"Now, that's just an old man... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hoo5wip",
"comment_text": [
"Read the wiki and your questions will be answered."
],
"score": 5
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_hoo6ujj",
"comment_text": [
"why did this image become so well-known and why is it used for real and fake technical difficulties?",
"It was a default signal sent by the broadcasting equipment when no other information was being transmitted. Therefore it would appear when the broadcast wa... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hoo4ghy",
"comment_text": [
"NTSC Color bars. An imaged used to calibrate US broadcast standard color displays and playback devices (i.e tape machines). Version in use today for digital video imaging. Here’s the wiki: ",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMPTE_color_bars"
],
"score": 3
... | {
"comment_id": "t1_hoo88kz",
"comment_text": [
"Definitely sounds like homework. He asked the same 3 questions twice in the thread. 😆"
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5: mansplaining, what is it really? | explainlikeimfive | bcvcld | 0 | true | false | 0.5 | {
"comment_id": "t1_ektq40r",
"comment_text": [
"Well look, since you are a woman you wouldn't understand what mansplaining is. That is understandable because you are really only expected to cook and clean, and these concepts are going to be a bit beyond you. But if you ",
" know it is when things are expla... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ektq4r0",
"comment_text": [
"Condescending explanation from a man to a woman ELI5 style. It undermines a woman’s competence and embarrasses them."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ektvgse",
"comment_text": [
"Mansplaining is when a man dumbs down an explanation to a woman about a topic that she's already familiar with. What makes it \"mansplaining\" specifically is if he wouldn't have done this to another man. ",
"For example, let's imagine that a woman goes to a... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ektqwww",
"comment_text": [
"I loved this"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ekty45n",
"comment_text": [
"As good as these answers are, this is better in ",
"r/outoftheloop",
"."
],
"score": 1
} | ||
ELI5:How viable would an ebola infection "suicide misson" be as a biological warfare tactic for terrorist groups? | explainlikeimfive | 2i7qso | 60 | Locked | true | false | 0.74 | Say a terrorist group sent members to Africa to intentionally get infected, then flew to an enemy state, before symptoms showed up, with the intent of infecting as many people as possible. Once showing symptoms (my understanding is that prior to symptoms showing, you aren't contagious yet) you could wipe spit on subway... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ckzn058",
"comment_text": [
"I think we'd be able to contain it fairly well. We have news and social networks to spread word quickly and much cleaner environments that we live in. We also have the money and technology to invest into containment as well as on-hand staff to deal with it. Part ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ckzn6tw",
"comment_text": [
"Another big reason Ebola is spreading so much is that there is a widespread cultural thing where mourners touch the deceased's body. This means tons of people are coming in contact with the disease who would otherwise be kept clear of it.",
"In the US and Eur... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ckzt3w4",
"comment_text": [
"Considering how you die from Ebola...blood."
],
"score": 19
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ckzn05h",
"comment_text": [
"I think the biggest issue is not \"could\" they do it but would they. I think the biggest goal of terrorist groups is notoriety and publicity. They want to see instant results and be able to take credit for it. With a slowly evolving biological attack (that may n... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ckzn2lb",
"comment_text": [
"I guess that's true. Taking credit would mean everyone was on the lookout for infected individuals making an outbreak significantly less likely and not taking credit would be somewhat worthless as far as terrorism goes."
],
"score": 6
} |
ELI5: planes normally charge some money if your check-in luggage is over weight, why do they charge extra even if my luggage is 26kg(let's say allowed is 23) and my gf has a 17 kg check in. Our combined is under 46 but it's still charged. is it just a scam to earn more money? | explainlikeimfive | bwmizs | 6 | true | false | 0.99 | {
"comment_id": "t1_epyjuil",
"comment_text": [
"Some airlines do allow a combined figure. Usually because angry customers will just open both cases and move stuff over. I think it depends on how much of a scumbag the company is. I would expect Ryanair to charge you."
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_epyjwkp",
"comment_text": [
"I flew Cape Air a few years back, there it’s to so with weight distribution, so we did move stuff between bags at the check in counter. Having said that they were extremely good as an airline."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_epyjwwi",
"comment_text": [
"I'm not sure on this but I could imagine that the airport also charges the airline more for handling luggage over 23kg."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_epyk4dx",
"comment_text": [
"Most airlines would be reasonable if you had made a booking together and do just that because it is one booking. Worst case scenario is you just take 3kgs out of you bag and put it in your girlfriends bag."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_epykk99",
"comment_text": [
"Could be due to the fact that a 26kg bag and 20kg bag are more difficult to handle (because 26kg is harder to carry), than 2x23kg bags?"
],
"score": 1
} | ||
ELI5: What happens to flying insects in a moving vehicle? | explainlikeimfive | bzmn3t | 1 | true | false | 0.54 | {
"comment_id": "t1_eqtn52w",
"comment_text": [
"So basically, when the car moves, the air inside also moves with the car. So after the initial jolt of starting, its like the car isn't even moving. So the insect stays in place."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_eqtktfu",
"comment_text": [
"This isn't true"
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_eqttcp9",
"comment_text": [
"Minor detail, fluid dynamics still apply. The air condenses toward the rear of the vehicle and thins toward the front during acceleration. ",
"So not exactly crushing, but.. kind of? Anyhow, the bug would probably ride the wave slightly forward. ",
"ht... | {
"comment_id": "t1_eqtlv2q",
"comment_text": [
"Flying insects are constantly counteracting the 9.8m/s",
" acceleration of gravity and often accelerating upwards on top of this. ",
"Keeping up with the acceleration of a car, which is rarely more than 5m/s",
" (5 sec 0-60mph = 5.555m/s",
" ), is... | {
"comment_id": "t1_eqtkwei",
"comment_text": [
"Yes, that’s true. But humans in a seat aren’t floating around like, say a fly. Any difference there?"
],
"score": 1
} | ||
ELI5: Pouring drinks | explainlikeimfive | joj7z | 6 | true | false | 0.88 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2du6ju",
"comment_text": [
"The simple answer is that surface tension is keeping the fluid attached to the original cup. This is typically a problem when using cups with rounded edges. Imagine you're at the top of a hill about to drive your car down. As you begin to descend, your wheels sta... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2dtq86",
"comment_text": [
"Magnets. Fuckin' miracles, man."
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2du8oy",
"comment_text": [
"Good answer friend, Blood and thunder."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2dtxma",
"comment_text": [
"Damned magnets. Screwing up my drinks"
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2dud57",
"comment_text": [
"Thank you. You are most helpful. You deserve upvotes, but I can only give you this one."
],
"score": 2
} | |
NP-complete, completeness, NP-hard | explainlikeimfive | k0kzd | 3 | true | false | 1 | Wikipedia just isn't cutting it for me...What exactly does it mean by nondeterministic Turing machine and NP-hard (or really what "hardness" and "easiness" really means. Thanks! | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2gpk4t",
"comment_text": [
"NP stands for nondeterministic polynomial time.",
"Non-deterministic means that the algorithm can do different things on different runs (i.e. you launch the algorithm that solve you problem one time you get a result, the next time you get a different result).... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2hec0a",
"comment_text": [
"I think you are confusing ",
"dynamic programming",
" with ",
"dynamic programming language",
". They are two (very) different things."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2glk1u",
"comment_text": [
"Search first. Use the handy search bar to see if your question has already been answered satisfactorily. If the question has been asked but you don't understand any answers, feel free to ask again.",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/j4ohk/e... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2gnyp4",
"comment_text": [
"ELY5:"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2gqanw",
"comment_text": [
"Your example of NP problem is an adaption of the Knapsack problem, which is actually NP-complete (but since it is, it's also in NP).",
"There is no easier way to solve an NP-complete problem other than counting which takes a really long time.",
"This is n... | |
ELI5: Why does war have rules? | explainlikeimfive | jt9os | 24 | true | false | 0.91 | Why is ok to kill people in some ways but not others? Why can you try and kill someone, but if you fail and only injure them, you cannot interfere with the people trying to save them? Etc.... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2exzc1",
"comment_text": [
"In a perfect world, no one would fight wars. We know this isn't a perfect world, though, so we have to make it as good as we can.",
"One way we do that is by setting up rules that nations agree to follow. If they don't follow those rules, other countries ca... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2exzgd",
"comment_text": [
"Geneva conventions ruled that disguising soldiers as civilians is a war crime."
],
"score": 22
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2ey0ha",
"comment_text": [
"These are exactly the kind of rules I'm talking about. I abhor war, I really do, but if you're going to do it, surely you go balls out and do everything to win. Why would you play by some arbitary rules?",
"I'm not being a dick, and I know I'm being a little... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2exx4r",
"comment_text": [
"Why doesn't every soldier wear medic insignia?"
],
"score": 12
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c2ey0qm",
"comment_text": [
"Good answer, especially about the medics."
],
"score": 7
} | |
ELI5 Why does soup boil so much faster then water? | explainlikeimfive | djs1h9 | 0 | true | false | 0.5 | {
"comment_id": "t1_f47xuiq",
"comment_text": [
"Oop I misread it! My b"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_f47xuiq",
"comment_text": [
"Oop I misread it! My b"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_f47nn9j",
"comment_text": [
"Soup tends to have a lot more salt in it than water. Salt decreases the temperature necessary to boil water. Depending on the saltiness it could boil a little quicker or much quicker."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_f47wid6",
"comment_text": [
"Not to be salty, but you just said salt does and doesn’t in the same post"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_f47wid6",
"comment_text": [
"Not to be salty, but you just said salt does and doesn’t in the same post"
],
"score": 1
} | ||
How does our brain know where our extremities are? | explainlikeimfive | omkpk | 6 | true | false | 1 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3ifvaq",
"comment_text": [
"I learned from Psychology class that the connection is even deeper. There is a mental map of your body and this map updates in real time based on commands given to your extremities from your brain.",
"They have proven this to be true due to studies on amputee... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3if6vg",
"comment_text": [
"Oh I kinda get it now. So basically it tells the brain how much each joint has moved and in what direction etc. and from that it can figure out where whatever has moved is? "
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3if6vg",
"comment_text": [
"Oh I kinda get it now. So basically it tells the brain how much each joint has moved and in what direction etc. and from that it can figure out where whatever has moved is? "
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3iey56",
"comment_text": [
"Your brain likes to know where your body is at all times. It's like you having a friend that ALWAYS knows where all of your toys are because that's his job. ",
"See, for non ELI5: ",
"Proprioception."
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3iewfi",
"comment_text": [
"Proprioception!!"
],
"score": 4
} | |
ELI5. Would a psychopath get scared if they were being haunted by ghosts? | explainlikeimfive | ee33hr | 1 | true | false | 0.6 | {
"comment_id": "t1_fbodfv5",
"comment_text": [
"Psychopaths are capable of feeling fear (Hoppenbrouwers, Bulten, and Brazil, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 2016), so it would depend on the individual you're talking about. They do have trouble detecting and feeling danger, though."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_fbozamf",
"comment_text": [
"Also, ghosts are not real so getting being scared because you are being haunted is a little ridiculous."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_fbp9c5v",
"comment_text": [
"Arguably, if you actually ",
" being haunted, being scared is entirely reasonable. If you're scared because you ",
" you're being haunted but you're actually not is... slightly more ridiculous, but it could easily still be something you should be scared o... | {
"comment_id": "t1_fbsg3k4",
"comment_text": [
"Well the original question had to do specifically with a haunting by ghosts. Ghosts are fictional."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_fbsgvq0",
"comment_text": [
"I was making a joke about your wording. You said that being scared of being haunted is ridiculous, not being scared of ",
" you're being haunted. If you were ",
" being haunted, and you could prove that, then you would be entirely within your rights to be... | ||
ELI5: Why do songs get stuck in the head? | explainlikeimfive | nxi5j | 81 | true | false | 0.85 | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3cq5s7",
"comment_text": [
"There are a lot of different theories as to why exactly (and there's a Straight Dope article that lists a bunch), but I'll cover a few.",
"It's probably safe to say that a song that could get stuck in your head probably has a catchy beat and is fairly simplis... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3cqn7x",
"comment_text": [
"On this note, once you notice that a song is going around in your head and it bothers you, it becomes an issue of the ironic process theory. The classic example of this would be if I told you not to think about a white bear. You would, of course, begin thinking a... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3cr0bw",
"comment_text": [
"Why does our brain do this to us. What an asshole."
],
"score": 11
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3crjch",
"comment_text": [
"This is why being catholic sucks."
],
"score": 9
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3cqolt",
"comment_text": [
"THIS",
" explains it perfectly"
],
"score": 9
} | ||
What do a lot of prime numbers (and discovering new ones) have to do with encryption of information and etc? | explainlikeimfive | pv0dr | 3 | true | false | 0.71 | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3sgduc",
"comment_text": [
"My first ELI5 post. In computer science, certain problems are easy, and others are hard. There are in fact objective ways to say this. Problems such as \"sort this list of numbers,\" or \"what's the largest number in this list\" are easy. On the other hand, there... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3shhpy",
"comment_text": [
"I let everyone know the product, but I keep the primes separate",
"so they would take ages to figure it out, because they don't have the prime numbers, where as he/she does"
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3shjui",
"comment_text": [
"no, because he was the one encrypting the message, so he came up with the two primes. for example, if your computer has a password, it is easier for you to log in because you already know it because you made it, than it is for someone to try all the passwords unt... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3shqi5",
"comment_text": [
"You're not quite getting the scale of what we are talking here. Lets say you pick two primes that are 512 bits long. The number of primes that are smaller than 2",
" is approximately ",
"3 * 10",
". For comparison, the number of atoms in the universe ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3shisr",
"comment_text": [
"Because originally the numbers weren't \"found\", they were chosen. It's the difference between picking a random number and trying to methodically find the specific number that someone else picked using relatively lengthy and complex solving techniques to weed ou... | ||
ELI5: How can the same amount of digital space take up less physical space? i.e. how harddrives remain the same size but can hold more and more data? | explainlikeimfive | q6jno | 0 | true | false | 0.5 | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3v4k8e",
"comment_text": [
"Think of a sheet of graph paper with 1s and 0s in each space on the grid.",
"If you needed more space for 1s and 0s you can get more of the same paper or you can get graph paper with smaller grids so that more 1s and 0s fit on a page.",
"That is what is g... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3v63b8",
"comment_text": [
"Hard drives store information by \"writing\" it very small, using magnets instead of ink. As time goes by, people have learned to write very, very small indeed.",
"Think of your own writing. Your first \"A\" took up half a page. At five, you can probably w... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3v4mdg",
"comment_text": [
"Inside hard drives there are platters. You could increase the number of platters but hard drive makers don't really do that (perhaps to minimize chance of breaking and energy consumption).",
"The platter is made of millions of little magnetic spots, each one ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3v8s6g",
"comment_text": [
"The other replies were also correct but this is the only true ELI5 answer. "
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c3v6a55",
"comment_text": [
"CDs and DVDs have a totally reflective surface but little pits in the surface cause destructive interference. Though I understand this is not LI5"
],
"score": 2
} | ||
ELI5: Why aren't passengers allowed to use electronic devices during takeoff and landing? | explainlikeimfive | r9k06 | 0 | true | false | 0.38 | I never turn off my phone or ipod as per the flight attendant's requests; I just continue listening to my ipod and often fall asleep to the music during takeoff. I figure that they would be completely irresponsible and stupid to risk so many lives and a plane worth millions of dollars if my iphone was able to interfere... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c440oh4",
"comment_text": [
"The general consensus is:",
"So that you're not distracted in case of an emergency.",
"Because they don't want to bother checking every single new device that comes out to see if it messes with any piece of equipment. It's just easier and cheaper for the... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c441e1c",
"comment_text": [
"There are lots of urban legend / justifications for this. People say everything from \"it's because they're annoying\" to \"so it doesn't overload the cell towers\" to \"so you're not distracted in case of an emergency.\" None of it's true.",
"The reason is t... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c441sfu",
"comment_text": [
"As an aside, I was recently on a Qatar Air flight that had in-flight mobile phone service. Next to the \"fasten seat-belt\" light was another light indicating when it was okay to use your mobile phone. It was not on during take off/landing.",
"While voice ser... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c441xkd",
"comment_text": [
"Good to know! Thanks for the explanation :)"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c44724h",
"comment_text": [
"It could interfere with radio equipment."
],
"score": 1
} | |
Why are their different levels of octane for gasoline (regular, premium, etc) and how does that effect my car (and why do some cars need regular while others need premium)? | explainlikeimfive | ufqwu | 29 | true | false | 0.85 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_c4uzm57",
"comment_text": [
"To put this into something a five year old might understand...",
"Imagine we gave you three fully-blown balloons. We wrote 87 on one, 89 on another, and 92 on the last one. That number indicates how hard you can squeeze the balloon before it pops. You can squ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c4v16ao",
"comment_text": [
"Really? I've read that engine knocking can, in extreme cases, be, \"extremely destructive.\"",
"If detonation is allowed to persist under extreme conditions or over many engine cycles, engine parts can be damaged or destroyed. The simplest deleterious effects... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c4v16ao",
"comment_text": [
"Really? I've read that engine knocking can, in extreme cases, be, \"extremely destructive.\"",
"If detonation is allowed to persist under extreme conditions or over many engine cycles, engine parts can be damaged or destroyed. The simplest deleterious effects... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c4v0hey",
"comment_text": [
"Nice explanation. Thanks for that. "
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c4v3med",
"comment_text": [
"The specific kind of octane that they use to calibrate the octane scale for gasoline is named ",
"2,2,4-Trimethylpentane",
", and it is one of the most common molecules in gasoline. I don't think there's much n-heptane in gasoline, though."
],
"score... | |
ELI5: What are some of the main reasons why people hate Romney? And Obama? | explainlikeimfive | 10ghvs | 1 | true | false | 0.56 | I'm just curious and would like to know the collection of facts that make people hate Romney so much. This site is extremely anti-Romney which makes the comment section in an eye sore with it's "wow what a scumbag" type responses. So, why do people hate Romney so much? And even though this site hates Romney, it's not e... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c6daey8",
"comment_text": [
"People hate him because he's a shill. As Republican governor of Massachusetts he crafted bipartisan legislation tailored for a liberal demographic. It worked out pretty well for him and people of MA. As a GOP candidate, he began flipflopping the positions he espo... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c6da6od",
"comment_text": [
"or go to ",
"/r/liberal",
" and see yet another circle jerk about how great Obama is and how much of an asshole Romney is. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c6dafot",
"comment_text": [
"Or ",
"/r/all",
"."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c6dgi6y",
"comment_text": [
"People hate him because he has money and seems to flaunt it and mock us with it. Honestly someone could probably write an entire essay with quotes from him and his wife to outline this. Here's some quick info though:",
"He won't release his taxes prior to his... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c6d9haq",
"comment_text": [
"with it's \"wow what a scumbag\" type responses. So, why do people hate Romney so much?",
"First suggestion would be: \"read the thing that comment was said in response to\".",
"This isn't the place that tells you why other people feel things. The best s... | |
ELI5: How do you type in Japanese characters (or other character-based languages)? | explainlikeimfive | 10k7dp | 4 | true | false | 0.61 | I know there are specialized keyboards and I've seen videos of people mashing multiple buttons as once, but I was wondering what the various keys signified and how you know which ones to combine to get a specific character. | {
"comment_id": "t1_c6e5x7c",
"comment_text": [
"Japanese actually has ",
" different writing systems. ",
"The first two are syllabaries",
", which are like alphabets, but each \"letter\" represents a syllable (eg, \"ma,\" \"ka\"). One of those syllabaries (hiragana) is used for native Japanese word... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c6e72sy",
"comment_text": [
"I remember an interview on the Colbert Report with a guy who worked for a cell phone company or something. He mentioned the difficulty of getting cell phones with texting capabilities into India since they have something like 5 or 6 different alphabets. I would i... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c6e85zq",
"comment_text": [
"Different problem - in Japan all three (four, if you count Latin characters, which are also in use) are used by the same people, at the same time. That said, this method works quite well, and is in use on old dumbphones as well. Each number has a few characters a... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c6e88uy",
"comment_text": [
"Do Japanese people prefer to use a hiragana keyboard or do they normally use the IME that you'd use on an English one? The Japanese people who have used my computer were completely adept at using the IME, I just wonder what they do in general. Is it a personal pr... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c6eax9p",
"comment_text": [
"I am not at all knowledgeable but I wanted to throw in my two cents and say that on several Japanese shows I've seen them using IMEs or something similar. I think even if you used a strict Japanese keyboard you'd still need an IME for kanji. Also, there are some ... | |
ELI - Why Wind Power Turbine Blades are Thin | explainlikeimfive | yl4gh | 5 | true | false | 0.78 | It seems to make more sense to me to have them wide so that they would catch more wind... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c5wkxmo",
"comment_text": [
"Not ELI5:",
"An airfoil can on first approximation influences the air flow away from the airfoil in the same order of magnitude to its chord length. So a 3 meter wide (chord length) wind turbine blade can influence the air in an about 6 meter wide corridor (3... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c5wjqr6",
"comment_text": [
"Then they're really heavy and hard to move. "
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c5wlc9h",
"comment_text": [
"Yes yes... I understand some of these words.",
"Seriously though, I got the gist. Thanks. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c5wjteb",
"comment_text": [
"Actually they are pretty wide. They are also very long (longer than wider) because the turbine requires momentum of force to spin and this momentum is a product of force (from size) and distance from the axis. ",
"So making the blade longer is just as good as... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c5wk6vv",
"comment_text": [
"Actually the blade is some good 2 meters wide - ",
"quick pic",
". Which is good for a 7-10 meter long sailboat. Multiply with 15 meters in length and three blades and you have a solid momentum of force. ",
"Remember, a sailboat needs the wind to push... | |
ELI5- Tactically, where did the US go wrong in the Vietnam war? | explainlikeimfive | teq4i | 20 | true | false | 0.81 | {
"comment_id": "t1_c4lz8ru",
"comment_text": [
"You're not using the word \"tactically\" properly. Tactics is the hour by hour planning of a single fight. Wars are only lost tactically if there is a huge pitched battle that crushes an army or navy, like the Battle of Midway or Waterloo.",
" is the overal... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c4lzwmi",
"comment_text": [
"Probably the biggest reason Vietnam was lost wasn't an issue of strategy per se but being there in the first place. It was obviously an extremely unpopular war throughout its conduct, and eventually Americans just had enough.",
"That being said, not enough wa... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c4lz97v",
"comment_text": [
"The US didn't do their homework- the Vietnamese had been fighting off invaders for hundreds of years, they were hardened guerrilla fighters who absolutely refused to accept foreigners coming in and trying to \"take over\" their land. The US didn't realize the fe... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c4m27my",
"comment_text": [
"The weaponry differences was one little facet and not the deciding factor. ",
"Beyond that, there's a couple things wrong about what you said. The 'ligher american weapons' were tremendously more accurate than the Vietnamese AK47s, which didn't matter at all ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c4m1doh",
"comment_text": [
"Americans were able to take over any location on the map they wished, at any time they wished. the problem was that everyone there hated them, and so you had a problem similar to the shitty tint jobs you see on cars; you can squish the bubble to get rid of it, bu... | ||
ELI5: When a young child or baby dies before they've "accepted" Christ as their savior, what exactly happens to them? | explainlikeimfive | 19mh8q | 0 | true | false | 0.38 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8pdldw",
"comment_text": [
"Okay, but ",
" Christians who believe in heaven and hell? Christian sects have incredibly diverse beliefs. "
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8pdldw",
"comment_text": [
"Okay, but ",
" Christians who believe in heaven and hell? Christian sects have incredibly diverse beliefs. "
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8pd92i",
"comment_text": [
"Within Christianity you will get conflicting answers depending on the individual's beliefs.",
"On ",
"/r/atheism",
" you would get the same answer that anyone else gets to \"What happens when we die?\", which is: You die and your concept of self which... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8pg4zm",
"comment_text": [
"Both of the above are incorrect.",
"For a long time Catholics held a belief that unbaptised babies etc went to ",
"Limbo",
". However as of April 2007 the general belief has been redirected towards the idea that individuals without 'personal' sins wou... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8pdaaa",
"comment_text": [
"Who are you asking?"
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5: neutrinos | explainlikeimfive | 1an8is | 5 | true | false | 0.86 | I am so confused about them. | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8yxy71",
"comment_text": [
"There are 3 flavors of neutrino (tau, electron, and muon).",
"All of them share the fact they only interact with us via the weak-nuclear force, which as the name implies, is really weak. They're not going to interact with anything by electromagnetic forces (... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8yy31k",
"comment_text": [
"what is the difference between the three flavors?",
"and why don't neutrinos come in chocolate?"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8yyp9k",
"comment_text": [
"what is the difference between the three flavors?",
"Each flavor is related to (and named after) another lepton particle. Obviously those particles they're named after are the Electron, Tau, and Muon. The reason these 3 particles are related to the 3 neutri... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8zdwh8",
"comment_text": [
"Technically they also interact through gravity. We know this because of the Shapiro delay from SN 1987A.",
"The pairing of neutrino with leptons is essentially the definition of their flavor. You can also define them by their mass. The interesting thing about... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8zgbd8",
"comment_text": [
"Yeah I sorta deliberately left out gravity on the grounds it's (at least to me) assumed gravity will interact with anything that has any sort of energy.",
"If we want to be ",
" picky (and you started it!), neutrinos could have some electromagnetic intera... | |
ELI5: Why do I physically get hot when I start to get angry? | explainlikeimfive | 1hc7vf | 7 | true | false | 0.82 | It's always something I've been curious about. | {
"comment_id": "t1_caswfcr",
"comment_text": [
"Blood pressure rises, and blood flows away from your arms and legs, to your trunk, to ensure that your heart, lungs, and brain are all well supplied with oxygenated blood. Distant blood vessels in your arms and legs constrict, to reduce bleeding, if you are wound... | {
"comment_id": "t1_caswe9k",
"comment_text": [
"Blood pressure?"
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_casxfev",
"comment_text": [
"Blood pressure is correct, but the temperature is because you are warm blooded, and when more blood congregates in an area of your body due to blood pressure, it raises the temperature.",
"this is also why your extremities get cold in the winter, because the ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_casxoey",
"comment_text": [
"Hmm. Thanks! Makes total sense."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_casxrnu",
"comment_text": [
"Yeah, blood is amazing stuff, does so many different jobs, not the least of which is regulating body temperature."
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5: Critical Reasoning - Philosophy. | explainlikeimfive | 18eg53 | 11 | true | false | 0.74 | I'm having the hardest time fully understanding Critical Reasoning. I don't know why, i'm normally good in Philosophy. | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8e4kyr",
"comment_text": [
"Same. Could you be a bit more specific, OP?"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8e4kyr",
"comment_text": [
"Same. Could you be a bit more specific, OP?"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8fajkl",
"comment_text": [
"Well basically, I'm trying to understand the rules for proving if an argument is valid or invalid."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8fp977",
"comment_text": [
"Ah.",
"I can explain that, but I'll struggle to do it like you're five.",
"An argument is valid when, if you consider the premises to be true true, the conclusion ",
" true. It doesn't have to do with the actual truth of either the premises or the co... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8emkr8",
"comment_text": [
"I think you mean critical theory. It's continental philosophy. The stanford encyclopedia of philosophy or wikipedia may help. Or a differently worded eli5 submission.... :)"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: Why does my water kettle always have a build up of white particles on the bottom? What is it? | explainlikeimfive | 18ep27 | 28 | true | false | 0.73 | Does the fact that my water kettle is stainless have an effect? | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8e4iwq",
"comment_text": [
"It's mostly calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate.",
"The water coming out of your tap comes out of the ground. Sure, before that it was in the air and stuff, but most recently it came out of the ground. Water that's in the ground gets contaminated with a... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8e744n",
"comment_text": [
"as long as its safe to drink, thank you"
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8e7jch",
"comment_text": [
"It absolutely is. The medical consensus is that water with a reasonable amount of dissolved minerals in it is better to drink than distilled water, which has none."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8efjiy",
"comment_text": [
"It is perfectly safe to drink but build up of limescale (calcium carbonate) can damage the heating element and shorten the life of your kettle. It also makes it less energy efficient. You should descale it regularly and you should also descale other appliances th... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8ea4wx",
"comment_text": [
"I'm going to go with Calcium (etc.) deposits... They can be removed with acetic acid (vinegar). Additionally, if you buy \"Distilled water\" (about $0.98/gallon at any store) you'll avoid this problem. "
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5; When a scientist finds a bone, how does he know it is from a 50 million year old dinosaur and not just an elephant bone from last year? | explainlikeimfive | 18xzbm | 1 | true | false | 0.6 | I use elephant as an example as they are big too.. And they say that the stegosaurus or something lived as long before T-Rex as T-Rex to humans.. How could they possibly know this?? Please no creation vs evolution, and please explain it like I am a moron! | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8j05z0",
"comment_text": [
"There's a special isotope of potassium called Potassium-40, which decays into Argon over time. Argon's a gas, so when a rock forms it won't have any argon in it. However, when the potassium decays inside the rock, the argon gets trapped inside. When a scientis... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8j1482",
"comment_text": [
"There is a big difference between fossilized bones and bones. It's very much like the difference between petrified wood and wood: one is recent remains of life, and the other is stone that permeated the shape of something that was once remains of life. Fossiliz... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8izt8h",
"comment_text": [
"Bones have a very distinctive shape. We can tell dinosaur fossils aren't elephant bones because they aren't shaped like any of the bones an elephant has.",
"As for age, dinosaur bones are dated based on the rocks they are found based on the decay rates of ra... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8izyoz",
"comment_text": [
"when a paleontologist finds a fossil, it isn't actually bone anymore. The bones break down and are replaced by mineral deposits. Also, as kouhoutek points out, a lot of it has to do with the age of the surrounding rocks. You're not going to find a 2 year old croc... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8j06uh",
"comment_text": [
"well certain elements within the rocks break down at a known rate over time. This process is called radioactive decay. It's hard to keep this in \"like I'm five\" territory but if you want to learn how radiometric dating works and how it's used in paleontology, "... | |
ELI5 if a peanut isn't technically a nut, why do people who are allergic to nuts also react to peanuts? | explainlikeimfive | 17telv | 55 | true | false | 0.82 | My girlfriend is mildly allergic to nuts, but NOT peanuts, and it struck me today as weird that that is a rare thing among people with but allergies, because peanuts technically aren't nuts. Why do most people with but allergies also react to peanuts and cashews? | {
"comment_id": "t1_c88qnpy",
"comment_text": [
"Nuts are often processed in the same facility as peanuts, so there's often traces or even chunks of either in both. I'm allergic to peanuts, so it's a bit of a gamble for me to eat nuts. Easier to not than end up in the hospital (again)."
],
"score": 12
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c88qurp",
"comment_text": [
"There were a couple of interesting papers in the last couple years that showed that a surprising chunk of food allergies weren't actual allergies at all, or were misidentified allergies. A common one was folks with a peanut allergy believing they're allergic to a... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c88qihl",
"comment_text": [
"Yes, it is, but that doesn't mean people with peanut allergies also have nut allergies."
],
"score": 5
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c88qihl",
"comment_text": [
"Yes, it is, but that doesn't mean people with peanut allergies also have nut allergies."
],
"score": 5
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c88qihl",
"comment_text": [
"Yes, it is, but that doesn't mean people with peanut allergies also have nut allergies."
],
"score": 5
} | |
ELI5: What are the refutations to the arguments in this video? (Global Warming Skeptic) | explainlikeimfive | 19eocz | 1 | true | false | 0.67 | is a production of someone who is skeptical about Global Warming/Climate Change/whatever you call it. (Skip the last couple minutes, as he gets political at that point.) It makes a lot of sense to me. My biggest issue has always been that people insist our models are accurate over decades, when we have simple never ha... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8nc65y",
"comment_text": [
"The problem is that he's treating \"climate models\" as though they are one monolithic thing. By showing flaws in some of the climate models that predict global warming, he thinks he's casting doubt on ",
" climate models which predict global warming. That's ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8ncpzf",
"comment_text": [
"College.",
"I mean, I hate to sound elitist. But it's really not possible to have an informed opinion on complex parts of climate science without spending a lot of time and effort studying climate science."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8ncrir",
"comment_text": [
"Well, I am a college graduate, just not in a climate science major. I have to believe that there exist differences between models that a reasonably intelligent layman can understand."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8ne4jo",
"comment_text": [
"I haven't watched the video yet but the best place to go to find out what is wrong with this sort of thing is ",
"here",
". Find the argument the video is making then look it up at that website. ",
"Here's the page that refutes the claim that climat... | {
"comment_id": "t1_c8nex8c",
"comment_text": [
"Why is the video wrong:",
"Well first of I would like to comment on a few things with the video that should make you really skeptic, just from the start. First of, he publishes his incredible find as a youtube video and not a peer reviewed paper (I did find i... | |
What's the difference between the D4 and D3 gear when driving my car? | explainlikeimfive | 1kp88f | 2 | true | false | 0.75 | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbr9l8h",
"comment_text": [
"4 gears: 1st, 2nd, Drive, and Overdrive. \n1st gear is 4 shaft revolutions in, 1 revolution out. \nThis is so the car can get moving, otherwise the engine would stall. \nTo go faster, the car shifts into 2nd. This is 2:1 reduction. The car moves faster. \nDrive (... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbr9uae",
"comment_text": [
"Thanks answering! "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbr9im0",
"comment_text": [
"If I understand what you're saying, D3 will put it in drive, and only let it shift into first, second, and third. This is for moderately steep hills that you don't want to go into fourth gear on. D4 will do the same, but lets it shift out of third and into fourth... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbr9tod",
"comment_text": [
"Thanks for the reply! So would you suggest I use D4 for normal driving and D3 only for hills or does it not matter much?"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbr9xcu",
"comment_text": [
"No problem! D4 would be your best option for regular driving, seeing as shifting into fourth will save fuel. You shouldn't really need D3 unless you're on a steep hill."
],
"score": 2
} | ||
ELI5: Why some vehicles sound like a helicopter inside with specific open windows? | explainlikeimfive | 1kpatd | 1 | true | false | 0.6 | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbr8axl",
"comment_text": [
"Air pressure!",
"At least in the car I drive, the air pressure tends to build up and release as I'm driving, particularly at high speeds. This causes the sounds of the wind blowing into or past the window to change, and it happens very quickly.",
"Someone... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbr8di5",
"comment_text": [
"The shape of a car affects the way air moves around it while it is being driven. air flow around the windows varies by car, and the shape of the windows/mirrors/weather strips will affect the sounds the moving air is going to make.",
"at any rate, opening opp... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbra4d4",
"comment_text": [
"Same effect as blowing over a bottle.",
"At the right air velocity the column of air at the inlet is vibrating back and forth and creates what we perceive as sound. On a bottle the volume is small so the frequency is higher. On a car the volume is large so it... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbrajt7",
"comment_text": [
"As the air rushes past your ear, you hear a sound. The ",
" you hear is when the waves are partly out-of-phase. This means that you hear the beat when the sound part on one wave and the quiet part on another wave align correctly. The reason this only happens ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbr8aeb",
"comment_text": [
"... They do?"
],
"score": 1
} | ||
ELI5:What exactly is the video that Bradley Manning leaked supposed to be of? | explainlikeimfive | 1ku667 | 0 | true | false | 0.4 | I can't seem to find an unbiased explanation of what the video is actually representing. To me it seems like there were enemies that had guns and rocket launchers and the US shot at them? Please halp. | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbsn2e0",
"comment_text": [
"The people that were shot didn't have guns, they were reporters. They also attacked a van that they knew had children inside as people in the van tried to help the reporters that were shot. To top it off, the soldiers speaking were treating the whole thing very l... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbsn3tj",
"comment_text": [
"They say that the people have guns though and that one has an RPG. The video definitely appears to reflect that. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbsowqf",
"comment_text": [
"Watch the first 40 seconds of that video again. The only two people who even look like they are holding anything are the two people with cameras strapped to their backs. They are CLEARLY not holding guns, and they sure as hell aren't holding AK47s. Another gy nea... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbsnhtj",
"comment_text": [
"When I originally watched it, I remember seeing people holding black objects that didn't really resemble guns to me, they resembled cameras (which makes sense since they were journalists).",
"Assuming it was an honest mistake as I don't really think the US wo... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbsock2",
"comment_text": [
"Take a second look, I did and there appears to be some guns but even then if I were a journalist i'd definitely like some ground support."
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: When two competing gas stations are right next to each other why doesn't one just sell gas for a few cents cheaper ? | explainlikeimfive | 1hl6b0 | 2 | true | false | 1 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_cave2x3",
"comment_text": [
"It would cause a ",
"race to the bottom",
" as each store tries to undercut the other by a few cents more. They both make more money if they agree to stick to very close to the same price."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cavfmwa",
"comment_text": [
"So, kind of like an oligopoly."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cavdz6n",
"comment_text": [
"Often times, gas prices are dictated top-down and region-by-region by the gas company. For example, Shell could say \"All gas stations in South Florida should sell premium at $4.43 to 4.63 a gallon, because that's a competitive price in that region,\" even though... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cavgrb0",
"comment_text": [
"I think an interesting possibility is that they are working together. Maybe they have secret contacts with eachother, because they know you aren't going anywhere else (especially if they're the only gas stations in a few miles). They also realize that both of the... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cavie4q",
"comment_text": [
"One will often cut their prices, but the other one will soon follow. The only way for both of them to make money is if their prices are the same, or very close."
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: The difference between steak, beef, and a filet. | explainlikeimfive | 1j2ye1 | 0 | true | false | 0.5 | Does seafood also use these terms the same way? | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbao3i9",
"comment_text": [
"These are two cuts of Salmon",
":",
"Steak on the left: cut perpendicular to the spine.",
"Fillet on the right: boneless cut parallel to the spine."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbaki0e",
"comment_text": [
"Beef is the type of meat. A Filet is a type of cut. I think steak refers to just about any thick cut of meat.",
"Fish have filets, and I've heard people call thick cuts of fish steaks, but I don't think its that common."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbaw1cc",
"comment_text": [
"It's fairly common for salmon and tuna. To get a proper steak, you need a fairly large fish. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbao241",
"comment_text": [
"According to Wikipedia (which you should really check before resorting to ",
"/r/explainlikeimfive",
") here are the definitions:",
"Beef: cattle meat.",
"Fillet: a boneless cut of meat or fish. Depending on the animal, sometimes specific cuts (s... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cbakkv2",
"comment_text": [
"Beef: Any meat from a cow",
"Steak: A cut of beef. Generally its used on only certain cuts of meat though, such as: a porterhouse steak, T-bone steak, sirloin steak, and others. Often times many cuts of beef are given the name steak to denote its a slice of ... | |
ELI5: The difference between Kilojoules (kJ) and calories. Why do some countries prefer one to other? | explainlikeimfive | 1izpd9 | 1 | true | false | 0.6 | {
"comment_id": "t1_cb9mh7y",
"comment_text": [
"A kilojoule is 1000 Joules. A Joule is the measurement for energy for the International System of Units. A calorie is a unit of energy which equals the amount of energy needed to raise 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius. One calorie equals 4.184 Joules"
],
"sc... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cb9qdfq",
"comment_text": [
"Note though that one Calorie is 4,184 joules or the energy required to raise one kilogram of water one degree centigrade. "
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cb9mjr9",
"comment_text": [
"Joules and calories are both units of energy. A joule is how much energy it takes to apply one Newton of force to an object to move it one meter. A calorie is the measure of how much energy it takes to heat 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. A Calorie is 1000 c... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cb9qde4",
"comment_text": [
"I see some responses, but I think you're talking about nutritional calories and how food is labelled.",
"It's the same reason why some countries use the metric system and some don't. Just a historical choice that stuck for the simple reason that people don't ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cb9vyca",
"comment_text": [
"They're simply two different measurements of energy. As for countries preferring one or the other, why do countries prefer Metric or Imperial, DD/MM/YY or MM/DD/YY? It's normally the one that was there first."
],
"score": 1
} | ||
ELI5: What is Money Laundering? | explainlikeimfive | 1pxylr | 1 | true | false | 0.54 | What exactly is money laundering? What is its purpose? Why do criminals need to do it? I hear about it and see it in TV shows and stuff but i dont know exactly what it is. Im not looking to launder any money, Im just curious. | {
"comment_id": "t1_cd76w2c",
"comment_text": [
"It is a term encompassing actions with the aim of making money coming from illegitimate sorces appear as they are legitimate.",
"Example: You robbed a bank and now have 1000000 in cash you cannot just say you found. So every once in a while your lemonade stan... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cd77ewd",
"comment_text": [
"Money laundering is taking money made from illegal actions and giving it a (fake)paper trail that makes it look legal.",
"For example, you steal a million dollars. You could go around and buy a yacht, but the government will look into where you got that much ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cd77gv5",
"comment_text": [
"Like Pumpizmus said, money laundering is usually something for \"cash\", that's why you can see a lot of mobsters gravitating towards legitimate activities like strip clubs, restaurants etc. where you can justify why you're carrying a bunch of bills around, or \"... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cd79vlc",
"comment_text": [
"Thanks everybody. This really helped."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cd95ly1",
"comment_text": [
"The example I saw in reddit recently was:",
"sell pot in your spare time. Earn £1000",
"pretend to the authorities/taxman you car washing service earned £7000"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: why does restarting a computer fix most problems? Same with phones. | explainlikeimfive | 1se8d3 | 1 | true | false | 0.6 | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdwpsxm",
"comment_text": [
"A common analogy:",
"\"Say you were playing a chess game, and noticed that somehow (incorrectly) both bishops were on the same color square. This is sort of like a software \"bug\", since the chess game is no longer operating normally.",
"If you took all ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdws1rl",
"comment_text": [
"This is the best explanation I've ever read. Thank you! "
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdwomil",
"comment_text": [
"No expert, but often it's a program or software causing the problem, when the computer is restarted, that program is shut down."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdwonps",
"comment_text": [
"I figured as much. But my Mac wouldn't use 2 finger scrolling on only half my programs but worked on the other ones. Restarting it fixed it. I don't understand. "
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdwr6l6",
"comment_text": [
"This question concerns one of the most frequently asked topics on ELI5, so it has been removed. Try the searchbar next time please."
],
"score": 0
} | ||
ELI5: What would happen if we distributed half of the wealth of the richest people and gave it to the poor? | explainlikeimfive | 1rxmed | 4 | true | false | 0.7 | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdrxcle",
"comment_text": [
"How much wealth would be redistributed?",
"A metric shit ton. Trillions of dollars worldwide.",
"It would all go into consumption so wouldn't that cause a HUGE uplift in the world economy? ",
"No. Probably most of it would go to paying off debt and ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdrxc7h",
"comment_text": [
"Within a short time the rich would have it all back plus some, because the poor would squander it all on products that are provided by the rich. If you add fees, interest and penalties from defaulted agreements the rich would actually end up richer "
],
"sc... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdrxl9j",
"comment_text": [
"It would all go into consumption so wouldn't that cause a HUGE uplift in the world economy? If so wouldn't that be great and even the rich would benefit through their possession of stocks.",
"Not so much, because you just took half of their stocks and gave it... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdrxorw",
"comment_text": [
"you see i don't think that trillions divided by billions is going to be such a huge amount and the poor - the real poor - would spend it on food, fridges, cars, health."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdrxv72",
"comment_text": [
"It's even more than trillions though. I'm don't know if an exact number exists but it's probably enough to give every human on earth $100k...I really wouldn't be surprised if it was closer to a million.",
"the real poor - would spend it on food, fridges, car... | ||
ELI5 why do people use apple products? | explainlikeimfive | 1stsll | 0 | true | false | 0.44 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce15udr",
"comment_text": [
"Short answer: People trust Apple to provide high-quality consumer electronics that just work, right out of the box. Apple has earned that trust by sweating the details, and consistently polishing the hardware/software/UI/services into a complete and user-friendly... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce161fb",
"comment_text": [
"Define \"bad decisions\".",
"What makes sense for you doesn't have to make sense for any other consumer.",
"I'm quite tech savvy, having worked in the semiconductor manufacturing business for decades. I've been in the Samsung fabs, and worked with compone... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce164xm",
"comment_text": [
"The same reason some people buy nicer cars.",
"And specs don't necessarily (and often don't) translate to end user experience.",
"The simple reason many people prefer Apple products is because (a) the hardware is consistently reliable, with great battery ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce167ky",
"comment_text": [
"Here's an example",
" of a school that moved to electronic books using HP Elite Pads, after a year and a half of researching the various options.",
"They had problems with tablets failing to switch on, tablets spontaneously going into sleep mode, devices ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce19p50",
"comment_text": [
"Must be trolling. Surely."
],
"score": 1
} | |
When we are drunk, the feelings we get, like loving or missing someone, are they real and just enhanced by alcohol? Or are they totally fake?? | explainlikeimfive | 1soo6l | 3 | true | false | 0.81 | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdznzvt",
"comment_text": [
"Ever hear the saying \"A drunk man's words are a sober man's thoughts\"? Your feelings are there, alcohol enhances them. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzxb1u",
"comment_text": [
"Yep so your feeling of being horny is greater than your fear of 'fat chicks'. (Stupid choice of words, but sticking with it). Your horniness was there sober, it was enhanced by alcohol."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzxb1u",
"comment_text": [
"Yep so your feeling of being horny is greater than your fear of 'fat chicks'. (Stupid choice of words, but sticking with it). Your horniness was there sober, it was enhanced by alcohol."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzo06o",
"comment_text": [
"Well, what do you mean by \"real\"?"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzo34e",
"comment_text": [
"The feelings are most often real, but as you said they tend to get enhanced by alcohol intoxication. Also, the intoxication tends to lower our inhibitions a lot, allowing for that late night awkward drunken call to an old ex. "
],
"score": 1
} | ||
What makes addictive substances addictive? | explainlikeimfive | 1sopdz | 3 | true | false | 0.81 | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzonon",
"comment_text": [
"One way that drugs can be addictive is something called ",
". For example, some people who take sleeping medicine become chemically dependent on their medicine for sleep. The brain naturally produces chemicals that signal your body that it's time to go to sle... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzp2xe",
"comment_text": [
"Well, brains are very complex, and everyone's brain is different, so for many people eating the same food over and over will get boring, and losing repeatedly when gambling will make them want to quit. However, for some people their brain's response to certain st... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzpk1v",
"comment_text": [
"One way is by retraining your brain; for example, some people who are addicted to cigarettes can redirect their urge to smoke by chewing a piece of gum every time they feel the urge. In general, though, it can be extremely difficult to break addictive behavior. I... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzpws1",
"comment_text": [
"Yes there are, sorry I neglected to mention that. It was an oversight on my part. There are prescription medications that are used to help people get over addiction. I'm afraid I don't know the details about how these drugs work, but my understanding is that diff... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzosds",
"comment_text": [
"makes sense for the most part, but what about the law of diminishing returns. We never get the same \"high\" as the first time we try a food etc, plus with addictions like gambling you more often than not get a negative result. Why does this not break the addicti... | ||
Insight on Homeless Vets and Transitional Facilites | explainlikeimfive | 1sozq0 | 1 | true | false | 0.67 | Hey there everyone! I need to pick your brain a bit. I am currently in the process of acquiring my Masters in New Media Journalism, and am covering a story on Homeless Vets in Georgia and the Transitional Housing programs that supports them. (I know support should be for all homeless & not just for vets) however, this... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzrj3t",
"comment_text": [
"Try ",
"AskReddit",
" instead"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzss4x",
"comment_text": [
"Maybe ",
"/r/AskSocialScience",
" (or just ",
"/r/AskScience",
")."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce06k31",
"comment_text": [
"Thanks!"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce06k90",
"comment_text": [
"Thank you!"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce06jvx",
"comment_text": [
"Thank you so much!"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5:Why Do I Have To Try Multiple Times To Get My Ipad and Phone Charger's Metal Part to Enter The Slot? | explainlikeimfive | 1sp25u | 0 | true | false | 0.5 | I always flip it back and forth because I think it's facing the wrong way. It literally never goes in the first time. I ALWAYS have to try multiple times before the charger will fit in the frigggin' slot. Why?? | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzs4yf",
"comment_text": [
"You probably actually dont; just selective memory kicks in. Theres a 50/50 chance it will go in the right way, and when you get it in on the first try theres nothing really special about it so you just forget; but when it doesnt go in you have to make a conscienc... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzssgm",
"comment_text": [
"I'll graph it then, because I cannot remember one time in many years that it went the freak in the first time I tried.",
"But not remembering is your point so I'm keeping data from now on."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzt9yn",
"comment_text": [
"If we are talking about the classic connector the side with the picture/icon should always face you assuming you are looking at the front of the phone.",
"The new lightning connector is reversible so next time you upgrade this problem goes away."
],
"scor... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzu52u",
"comment_text": [
"Even on 3rd party cables there should be a rectangle icon on only one side of the connector.."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzto81",
"comment_text": [
"Ah, I was waiting for that!\nReversible...they didn't think of that the first time around?",
"I'll check for icons not sure if I have a 'classic connector'...\nThanks!"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5:If 2-D and 3-D can be drawn on paper (A "3-D" object) then what is the real world and the first dimension? | explainlikeimfive | 1sp329 | 3 | true | false | 0.71 | Plus, what about inside black holes? | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzsfsz",
"comment_text": [
"It might ",
" 3D because of shading and perspective, but every picture drawn on paper is 2D."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzsfm6",
"comment_text": [
"3D isn't drawn on paper. A 2D representation is drawn on paper."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzsg6n",
"comment_text": [
"Your question makes me really confused. Exactly what is it that you're asking about?",
"As for the first dimension: A square drawn on a paper has two dimensions, height and width, right? So then a line is one-dimensional, it only have length (a drawn line phy... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzst4a",
"comment_text": [
"So you can represent a 3D object on a 2D plane (like the surface of a piece of paper) but it isn't actually 3D, it's a 2D representation of a 3D object. 1D objects, or one dimensional objects, have one dimension, length. Think of a line, and the only real measure... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzswm2",
"comment_text": [
"It's not actually a 3-D object on paper. It's the use of perspective to give what is (in reality) a flat image the illusion of depth (the third dimension)."
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5: Why are all Chinese takeout restaurants EXACTLY the same? | explainlikeimfive | 1sp5te | 0 | true | false | 0.43 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzt7yo",
"comment_text": [
"You live in a very boring neighbourhood, don't you? I live near a proper Chinatown, a little Vietnam and more and I see those guys in the kitchen chopping fresh vegetables, making their sauces and flipping shit in the wok all day.",
"But when I get out to the... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzt5lw",
"comment_text": [
"It's a genre, and yes, there are large-scale suppliers who handle a lot of this stuff for everybody."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzv3pv",
"comment_text": [
"According to the book Fortune Cookie Chronicle, customers expect to find the same familiar food when they go to a Chinese restaurant. Even though actual Chinese cuisine is vast and diverse, most takeout places are small businesses they cannot afford to take risks... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzt76k",
"comment_text": [
"They're not.",
"Interwebz.",
"Traditions: there are traditional dishes, which change over time but are derived from similar ingredients and styles of handling veggies, meats, sauces. "
],
"score": 0
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzth30",
"comment_text": [
"No expert here but:\nChinese takeout food isn't really the food the Chinese people eat. It's more flavorful, particularity much sweeter than their tradition cuisine. Since many of these restaurants are run by immigrants or first generation Asians they need to fol... | |
ELI5: Do orthodox conservative Christian married couples have sex? (Serious) | explainlikeimfive | 1sp99x | 0 | true | true | 0.44 | I am not trying to troll or belittle their beliefs, although I do disagree with them. Basically, do all orthodox conservative Christians believe in no premartial sex? Do they all believe in no contraception? If so, does a newly wed couple w/o children just not have sex? Or pull out? Sincerely curious. | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzu4wc",
"comment_text": [
"\"God said be fruitful and multiply\""
],
"score": 4
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzw1hm",
"comment_text": [
"Please do not use ELI5 as your soap box to voice your opinion. This post doesn't help answer the question, so it's been removed."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzw1hm",
"comment_text": [
"Please do not use ELI5 as your soap box to voice your opinion. This post doesn't help answer the question, so it's been removed."
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzu5gs",
"comment_text": [
"They could just avoid having sex at the fertile points of the woman's cycle. It's not anywhere near 100%, but it does reduce your chances of pregnancy. People with that conservative a view on family planning tend to just have a ton of kids to begin with, though."... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzu9dr",
"comment_text": [
"Even a fertile couple having random sex for a year might very well not conceive. If they're practicing any sort of rhythm method, I'd say it's probably even likely that they wouldn't. And keep in mind that if she's only 3-4 months along, you might not know."
],... | |
ELI5: Why do you need a space suit in space and not the ISS besides to breathe? | explainlikeimfive | 1spbav | 0 | true | false | 0.44 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzvat1",
"comment_text": [
"There's no dumb questions, only dumb awnsers.",
"If you want to know more about space travel and science you can check out some cool youtube channels such as scishow and Veritasium. They've got tons of cool stuff about science that's all around us."
],
"s... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzuzsq",
"comment_text": [
"The ISS is pressurized. Also, it would be impossible to wear a spacesuit in the event of sudden depressurization for the time frames that ISS astronauts are in space."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzv3kl",
"comment_text": [
"Yes, incidentally that's also why they always look bloated during EVA's. \nBecause the inside is pressurized and the outside is a vacuum."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzvcdi",
"comment_text": [
"Cool thanks a lot, very much appreciated. Going to check them out tomorrow don't want to get carried away its to late. Lmao"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzv1so",
"comment_text": [
"Yeah I thought it had to do with pressure. So spacesuits are pressurized as well then I'd assume?"
],
"score": 1
} | |
ELI5 What would happen if someone ripped you apart atom by atom, then put you back together using exactly the same atoms? | explainlikeimfive | 1spelj | 0 | true | false | 0.5 | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzvp37",
"comment_text": [
"As long as the bonds, relative position and velocity (ie, temperature) of each atom were preserved exactly, you wouldn't even notice it happening. One moment you'd get ripped apart, your consciousness no longer existing. Some time later (which you wouldn't know, ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzwvap",
"comment_text": [
"relative position and velocity (ie, temperature) of each atom were preserved exactly",
"Herein lies the problem. The uncertainty principle prevents you from knowing the exact position and momentum of an atom simultaneously."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzvqqu",
"comment_text": [
"My personal hypothesis is you'd end up with an exact copy of yourself, with all your memories and who thought it was you, but you would actually be dead. ",
"The reason I believe this is because of the very similar proposition - what if I copied you atom by ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzw1as",
"comment_text": [
"Well written, thank you. I'm still having a bit of an issue wrapping my head around whether it would really be a separate but identical consciousness, the think is our body is constantly taking in atoms and expelling them, what makes my current consciousness the ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzwylo",
"comment_text": [
"You're correct, the matter that makes you up in effect just momentarily came together to be \"you\". The real continuity is in the pattern - ie, the way neurons in your brain are wired together. And even that changes all the time. In a way, you could argue that (... | ||
ELI5 How do Pyramid Schemes work, and why are they generally bad? | explainlikeimfive | 1sph8a | 0 | true | false | 0.5 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzwew6",
"comment_text": [
"Not sure what your friend was doing, but this is how a pyramid scheme is generally marketed.",
"\"Hi! If you pay $xx.xx for product X, you'll be able to join our wonderful programme, selling product X. For every product you sell, I get a 10% commission, but i... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzwf9j",
"comment_text": [
"Don't get into pyramid schemes. They're only profitable for the first 3 or so people involved.",
"The reason for this is that at every step down, the pyramid needs twice as many people as are already in it for anyone above to make a profit. ",
"Here's an ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzwkfh",
"comment_text": [
"Minor correction: this isn't a pyramid scheme, it's multi-level marketing. The difference is that in a pyramid scheme there's no product being sold at all, and no money comes from outside of the pyramid (to make money you ",
" to get people to join). This is ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzwl0o",
"comment_text": [
"I had a feeling I was slightly misrepresenting it, thanks for the correction. "
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzwcff",
"comment_text": [
"You trick people into joining, the way they join is by paying you some amount and then giving you a percentage of all their future earnings (through this method). They can then go on to make their money back by doing the same to other people, this is basically th... | |
ELI5: Why can we make a hole in a piece of wood with a pin, but not with our finger? | explainlikeimfive | 1spocf | 0 | true | false | 0.46 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzxwkb",
"comment_text": [
"Pressure.",
"Pressure is force divided by the area in which the force is applied; hence the term PSI, or pounds per square-inch. When you push with your finger, you are applying your force over a small area about the size of your fingertip.",
"A pin, howe... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzxxv1",
"comment_text": [
"Force in a smaller area.",
"Whether you can break the bonds holding the cells of the wood together or not depends on how much force you're exerting at that point. A pin has a much smaller surface area in contact, so there is more pressure being exerted on the... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzyhk4",
"comment_text": [
"Since the others didn't really explain it for a 5-year old:",
"Same reason you don't cut your tomatoes with a piece of wood. Cutting means separating the connections between the molecules of whatever you want to cut. The stronger those connections are, the ha... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzyi52",
"comment_text": [
"For science, we should do an experiment about how much actual force you need to poke a hole of a given size into a piece of standard wood with your thumb."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzxwkw",
"comment_text": [
"Think of it like the Mohs Hardness Scale for minerals. The wood resists scratching (removal of material) because it is harder than the finger. The pin is harder than the wood, so the wood is scratched. Enough scratches and you get a hole.",
"The finger, th... | |
ELI5: Why do bodies of water appear to be blue when a glass of water is clear? | explainlikeimfive | 1spqvp | 10 | true | false | 0.61 | It probably has a really simple answer, but I really do not know | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzysu5",
"comment_text": [
"Ok so someone else is going to do a better job explaining this than me but I was here first.",
"It comes down to light scattering.",
"You know that colors are light. well when light moves through a lot of molecules that are of no color in particular it ge... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzz0sh",
"comment_text": [
"TL;DR",
"Water is blue."
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzz0rt",
"comment_text": [
"So it is the scattering of lightwaves? And blue wavelengths happen to be made up of lightwaves with short wavelengths? "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce008dj",
"comment_text": [
"If you want to know more check out the wikipedia article: ",
"Rayleigh Scattering"
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzyht4",
"comment_text": [
"Water is blue. It's only ever so slightly blue, so in a glass you don't notice, but it's blue."
],
"score": 2
} | |
ELI5: How does salt melt ice? And at what temperature does salt cease to be effective? | explainlikeimfive | 1spt03 | 0 | true | false | 0.5 | We have had a week of sub zero temps where I live. Normally salt is very effective at melting ice of roads, but it does not work when the temperature drops below a certain point. I have no idea how this chemical reaction works. | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzz4i7",
"comment_text": [
"Salt Water has a lower freezing point than pure water. When you layer salt on your icy driveway/road, it soaks into the ice and slowly spreads out and melts it. However, after about -10C/14F, it fails to have the same effect. This is because there is so little wa... | {
"comment_id": "t1_cdzzer8",
"comment_text": [
"It works based on something known as colligative properties. Basically, what happens is that dissolved particles in a solution prevent the solution from coming together and forming a crystal structure to make a solid. It stops working at a certain temperature bec... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce00n2t",
"comment_text": [
"The salt reacts with water in an exothermic reaction, meaning it produces heat. So when you lay the salt on the ice and something happens to slightly melt the ice (sunlight hitting the ice, or from pressure of something pressing down on it, like a foot) the ice r... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce06gjb",
"comment_text": [
"Well its both true and false technically. Calcium salts will produce and exothermic reaction when exposed to water because the calcium ion is relatively small and has a charge of +2, enabling very, very strong interactions with the negative end of water molecules... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce00n8c",
"comment_text": [
"Without getting too far into the chemistry of it, adding particles typically raises the boiling point and lowers the freezing point. I.e. When you add salt to your pasta water you are raising it's temperature at which it boils. ",
"When you salt ice on the ro... | |
ELI5: Nuclear Power (Request) | explainlikeimfive | 1spz1j | 7 | true | false | 0.77 | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce00u33",
"comment_text": [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1j10tr/eli5_how_does_a_nuclear_power_plant_work/"
],
"score": 3
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce00te1",
"comment_text": [
"So I'm no expert, but basically you use radioactive material to heat water to generate steam to power a turbine to generate electricity. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce00ywq",
"comment_text": [
"Small particle breaks apart, makes heat. Heat cooks water, steam makes pressure. Pressure drives turbine, voila, electricity!"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce021pc",
"comment_text": [
"In simplistic terms, a nuclear plant is simply a heat engine where the heat is supplied by nuclear reactions. A heat engine takes heat energy from a source (usually a boiler or nuclear reactor or combustion chamber), uses a turbine to convert some of that heat e... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce061ta",
"comment_text": [
"Nuclear Power is the most efficient and cleanest power that we know of. ",
"However, when you talk about nuclear power, you need to ask yourself, \"Which nuclear power do you mean?\" ",
"At present, nuclear power made through uranium with a water reactor ... | ||
ELI5: Why is the United States make such a big deal about the idea of 'spreading democracy'? | explainlikeimfive | 1sq566 | 2 | true | false | 1 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce02htx",
"comment_text": [
"It is a euphemism for securing access to natural resources via toppling governments that are unfriendly. We don't \"spread democracy\" in countries that don't have things that we want."
],
"score": 6
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce02imf",
"comment_text": [
"Case in point. North Korea. They have nothing we really want, so we have not spread democracy over there yet. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce02l5y",
"comment_text": [
"It's an easy way to sell actions that might otherwise be unpopular, basically."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce03af4",
"comment_text": [
"It's also for security reasons. There is a theory that democracies don't fight each other. "
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce05s3u",
"comment_text": [
"Actually, the entire reason NK exists is as a buffer zone to South Korea where we did spread democracy, and China which wants to remain communist. Except for that pesky Hong Kong which is leaning toward democracy too..."
],
"score": 1
} | |
If sinuses are just empty spaces in our faces, how can they be infected and cause so much discomfort and can we just fill them up and never have sinus infection? | explainlikeimfive | 1spxvy | 2 | true | false | 0.6 | I hate sinuses infections. | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce01kx1",
"comment_text": [
"I did my first degree in human anatomy...",
"Sinuses are spaces within bone, like you said, but the walls of those sinuses are covered in mucous membrane. This membraneous tissue is very similar to the kind of epithelium you have inside your mouth or GI tract... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce0tyuz",
"comment_text": [
"NO PROFANITY THIS SUBREDDIT IS FOR THE KIDS"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce0ub4l",
"comment_text": [
"But sir, we are shaft brothers!"
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce01x3p",
"comment_text": [
"Bro, this is explain like I'm 5! Great explanation though, just may be better to simplify it as the whole point of this subreddit is to explain things in a way a 5 year old could understand :)",
"But fuck, you know your shit!"
],
"score": 0
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce01v0i",
"comment_text": [
"Well, when you have a cold or similar illness it fills your sinuses with fluids, which gives a suitable environment for germs like viruses, bacteria and fungi to grow. This can cause infections",
"Hope this makes it a little more understandable!"
],
"scor... | |
ELI5: How could a system as complex, robust, efficient, and consistent as RNA/DNA have resulted from the evolutionary process? | explainlikeimfive | 1sq84y | 1 | true | false | 0.51 | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce03kdb",
"comment_text": [
"Luck plus time. ",
"It's amazing what you can do with just Brownian motion when you have BILLIONS of years to do it in. To me this is easily the most non-intuitive thing about evolution.",
"DNA may well be complex, robust, efficient, and consistent, but... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce06zkr",
"comment_text": [
"Oh, we know enough to think they're pretty sloppy already. There is an actual mechanism for \"commenting out\" DNA, and apparently we have a LOT of old code that never gets run."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce03e6c",
"comment_text": [
"This is a really oversimplified answer, but the reason it's so complex and efficient is because it's had billions of years to \"calculate\". Each individual life cycle makes tiny changes to genetic code. If you look at organisms that have changed very little sinc... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce03fr5",
"comment_text": [
"But even the barest of sequences is quite a complex system taken as a whole."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce03pvs",
"comment_text": [
"You're thinking of \"sequence\" in the biologically modern sense. A couple billion years ago the average genetic sequence was likely to be a few codons long. (A codon being a series of 3 nucleic acids)"
],
"score": 1
} | ||
ELI5: Why do people disagree with the use of microwaves? | explainlikeimfive | 1sqleh | 1 | true | false | 0.57 | [deleted] | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce07els",
"comment_text": [
"Please elaborate. Your question is unclear."
],
"score": 2
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce07f97",
"comment_text": [
"Microwave ovens have a bad reputation among people who care strongly about the food they eat and people who are generally superstitious about certain technologies. Most people don't know how to cook food in a microwave oven, so their experiences are generally eit... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce07pko",
"comment_text": [
"I have heard a recent Homeopathic explanation lately but I can not remember where I heard it. It says that the water molecules get angered by the microwaves that bombard them and release anger into the consumer. When you heat slower, the water molecules become ... | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce08m7u",
"comment_text": [
"So I have come across a fair few people, I must admit generally from the older generation, who will refuse to even use/touch a microwave, let alone have one in their home. I was just wondering if why this would be."
],
"score": 1
} | {
"comment_id": "t1_ce08os4",
"comment_text": [
"Haha well I like this theory, please do pass on a reference if you can"
],
"score": 1
} |
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