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Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: When did the Plos Pathogens paper come out? Where did scientists find their Y. pestis sample? ...	Answers: When did the Plos Pathogens paper come out? Where did scientists find their Y. pestis sample? → In October 2010, the open-access scientific journal PLoS Pathogens published a paper by a multinational team who undertook a new investigation into the role of Yersinia pestis in the Black Death following the disp...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Who gave her royal assent to the Scotland Act of 1998? What body constitutes the supreme legis...	Answers: Who gave her royal assent to the Scotland Act of 1998? What body constitutes the supreme legislature of Scotland? → The Scotland Act 1998, which was passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom and given royal assent by Queen Elizabeth II on 19 November 1998, governs the functions and role of the Scottish P...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is the only divisor besides 1 that a prime number can have? Why must one be excluded in o...	Answers: What is the only divisor besides 1 that a prime number can have? Why must one be excluded in order to preserve the uniqueness of the fundamental theorem? → A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself. A natural number greater than 1 that...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Who notably improved the Savery water pump? Who developed the first commercial steam powered d...	Answers: Who notably improved the Savery water pump? Who developed the first commercial steam powered device? → The first commercial steam-powered device was a water pump, developed in 1698 by Thomas Savery. It used condensing steam to create a vacuum which was used to raise water from below, then it used steam pressu...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: How many refugees emigrated to the Dutch Republic? What two areas in the Republic were first t...	Answers: How many refugees emigrated to the Dutch Republic? What two areas in the Republic were first to grant rights to the Huguenots? → After the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, the Dutch Republic received the largest group of Huguenot refugees, an estimated total of 75,000 to 100,000 people. Amongst them were 20...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What organization has continued to be a major disruptive force in Palestine? What did Hamas wi...	Answers: What organization has continued to be a major disruptive force in Palestine? What did Hamas win in the January 2006 legislative election? → Hamas has continued to be a major player in Palestine. From 2000 to 2007 it killed 542 people in 140 suicide bombing or "martyrdom operations". In the January 2006 legisl...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: When did BSkyB discontinue the Sky+ Box? What service did BSkyB chare additional subscription ...	Answers: When did BSkyB discontinue the Sky+ Box? What service did BSkyB chare additional subscription fees for? → BSkyB initially charged additional subscription fees for using a Sky+ PVR with their service; waiving the charge for subscribers whose package included two or more premium channels. This changed as from 1...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What was the percentage of Germans attending private high schools in 2008? The prospect of wha...	Answers: What was the percentage of Germans attending private high schools in 2008? The prospect of what event compelled the protection of German private schools? → The right to create private schools in Germany is in Article 7, Paragraph 4 of the Grundgesetz and cannot be suspended even in a state of emergency. It is...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: How many Huguenots fled France by the 1700s? Which French kind issued this declaration? What ...	Answers: How many Huguenots fled France by the 1700s? Which French kind issued this declaration? → Renewed religious warfare in the 1620s caused the political and military privileges of the Huguenots to be abolished following their defeat. They retained the religious provisions of the Edict of Nantes until the rule of...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is the bond order of dioxygen molecules? In dioxygen how are the two oxygen atoms bonded ...	Answers: What is the bond order of dioxygen molecules? In dioxygen how are the two oxygen atoms bonded together? → In this dioxygen, the two oxygen atoms are chemically bonded to each other. The bond can be variously described based on level of theory, but is reasonably and simply described as a covalent double bond t...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: King Sigimund's Column is an example of what kind of attraction in Warsaw? What is another not...	Answers: King Sigimund's Column is an example of what kind of attraction in Warsaw? What is another notable university in Warsaw after the University of Warsaw? → The city is the seat of a Roman Catholic archdiocese (left bank of the Vistula) and diocese (right bank), and possesses various universities, most notably t...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What campaigh did the Scottish National Party (SNP) run? When did Prime Minister Wilson commit...	Answers: What campaigh did the Scottish National Party (SNP) run? When did Prime Minister Wilson commit to some form of devolved legislature? → During this time, the discovery of oil in the North Sea and the following "It's Scotland's oil" campaign of the Scottish National Party (SNP) resulted in rising support for Sc...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: When did the four rightly guided Caliphs die? The abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate is believ...	Answers: When did the four rightly guided Caliphs die? The abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate is believed to have ended what system? → In its focus on the Caliphate, the party takes a different view of Muslim history than some other Islamists such as Muhammad Qutb. HT sees Islam's pivotal turning point as occurring no...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What administrative division did Kublai leave unmodified? What did Kublai's government have to...	Answers: What administrative division did Kublai leave unmodified? What did Kublai's government have to balance between? → Kublai's government after 1262 was a compromise between preserving Mongol interests in China and satisfying the demands of his Chinese subjects. He instituted the reforms proposed by his Chinese a...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: some debate that there is a correlation between capitalism, imperialism, and what? When was th...	Answers: some debate that there is a correlation between capitalism, imperialism, and what? When was the military-political complex reflected upon within the scope of understanding imperialism? → The correlation between capitalism, aristocracy, and imperialism has long been debated among historians and political theor...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: How are the particle forces and accelerations explained as by gauge bosons exchange? What diag...	Answers: How are the particle forces and accelerations explained as by gauge bosons exchange? What diagrams are used to simplify particle interactions on a fundamental level? → In modern particle physics, forces and the acceleration of particles are explained as a mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum-carryi...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Of what form do Fermat numbers take? In what year did Pierre de Fermat declare Fermat's little...	Answers: Of what form do Fermat numbers take? In what year did Pierre de Fermat declare Fermat's little theorem? → After the Greeks, little happened with the study of prime numbers until the 17th century. In 1640 Pierre de Fermat stated (without proof) Fermat's little theorem (later proved by Leibniz and Euler). Ferma...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Along with trusts, what other non-profits are allowed to run schools in India? What is the pur...	Answers: Along with trusts, what other non-profits are allowed to run schools in India? What is the purpose of the ASER? → Legally, only non-profit trusts and societies can run schools in India. They will have to satisfy a number of infrastructure and human resource related criteria to get Recognition (a form of licen...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What other entity was established at the same time as the European Convention on Human Rights?...	Answers: What other entity was established at the same time as the European Convention on Human Rights? When was the European Convention on Human Rights established? → None of the original treaties establishing the European Union mention protection for fundamental rights. It was not envisaged for European Union measur...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What toxin induces apoptosis in the target cell? When an activated killer T cell finds cells w...	Answers: What toxin induces apoptosis in the target cell? When an activated killer T cell finds cells where the MHC 1 receptor has specific antigens, it releases cytotoxins such as what? → Killer T cells are a sub-group of T cells that kill cells that are infected with viruses (and other pathogens), or are otherwise d...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Where does a canonball dropped from the crow's nest of a ship actually land? Who had the idea ...	Answers: Where does a canonball dropped from the crow's nest of a ship actually land? Who had the idea of a natural state for objects at rest? → Dynamic equilibrium was first described by Galileo who noticed that certain assumptions of Aristotelian physics were contradicted by observations and logic. Galileo realized ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Where was the Rhine regulated with a lower canal? What is expected with the continuous input o...	Answers: Where was the Rhine regulated with a lower canal? What is expected with the continuous input of sediment into the Dornbirner Ach? → A regulation of the Rhine was called for, with an upper canal near Diepoldsau and a lower canal at Fußach, in order to counteract the constant flooding and strong sedimentation i...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: If you do not know both magnitude and direction of two forces on an object, what would you cal...	Answers: If you do not know both magnitude and direction of two forces on an object, what would you call that situation? What physical quantities do not have direction? → Forces act in a particular direction and have sizes dependent upon how strong the push or pull is. Because of these characteristics, forces are clas...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: When did Henry issue the Edict of Nantes? What did the Edict do for Huguenots in France? What...	Answers: When did Henry issue the Edict of Nantes? What did the Edict do for Huguenots in France? → The pattern of warfare, followed by brief periods of peace, continued for nearly another quarter-century. The warfare was definitively quelled in 1598, when Henry of Navarre, having succeeded to the French throne as Hen...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Long-lived memory cells can remember previous encounters with what? When B cells and T cells b...	Answers: Long-lived memory cells can remember previous encounters with what? When B cells and T cells begin to replicate, what do some of their offspring cells become? → When B cells and T cells are activated and begin to replicate, some of their offspring become long-lived memory cells. Throughout the lifetime of an ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What part is added to the uniflow engine to resolve the issue in the counterflow cycle? The un...	Answers: What part is added to the uniflow engine to resolve the issue in the counterflow cycle? The uniflow engine is an attempt to fix an issue that arises in what cycle? → Uniflow engines attempt to remedy the difficulties arising from the usual counterflow cycle where, during each stroke, the port and the cylinder...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What encouraged cultural exchange under the Yuan? What encouraged trade under the Yuan? What ...	Answers: What encouraged cultural exchange under the Yuan? What encouraged trade under the Yuan? → A rich cultural diversity developed during the Yuan dynasty. The major cultural achievements were the development of drama and the novel and the increased use of the written vernacular. The political unity of China and m...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What building from the 19th century was destroyed between the 1950s and 1960s? What style were...	Answers: What building from the 19th century was destroyed between the 1950s and 1960s? What style were the mass constructed residential blocks designed in? → Warsaw's mixture of architectural styles reflects the turbulent history of the city and country. During the Second World War, Warsaw was razed to the ground by ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: Where was Montcalm focusing the defense for New France? What was causing New France to have is...	Answers: Where was Montcalm focusing the defense for New France? What was causing New France to have issues with resupplying? → Vaudreuil and Montcalm were minimally resupplied in 1758, as the British blockade of the French coastline limited French shipping. The situation in New France was further exacerbated by a poo...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: At what temperature do weak and electromagnetic forces appear the same? What does the W and Z ...	Answers: At what temperature do weak and electromagnetic forces appear the same? What does the W and Z boson exchange create? → The weak force is due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons. Its most familiar effect is beta decay (of neutrons in atomic nuclei) and the associated radioactivity. The word "weak" deri...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: In the layered model of the Earth, the mantle has two layers below it. What are they? What ty...	Answers: In the layered model of the Earth, the mantle has two layers below it. What are they? What types of waves do seismologists use to image the interior of the Earth? → Seismologists can use the arrival times of seismic waves in reverse to image the interior of the Earth. Early advances in this field showed the ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is the Scottish Parliament currently in the fourth of? Economy, Energy and Tourism is one...	Answers: What is the Scottish Parliament currently in the fourth of? Economy, Energy and Tourism is one of the what? → Subject Committees are established at the beginning of each parliamentary session, and again the members on each committee reflect the balance of parties across Parliament. Typically each committee co...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: How much British military was in North America at start of War? What was Frensh military prese...	Answers: How much British military was in North America at start of War? What was Frensh military presence at start of war? → At the start of the war, no French regular army troops were stationed in North America, and few British troops. New France was defended by about 3,000 troupes de la marine, companies of colonia...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: In the United States, what is a usual turbine speed with 60 Hertz of power? In a steam turbine...	Answers: In the United States, what is a usual turbine speed with 60 Hertz of power? In a steam turbine, what are rotors mounted on? → A steam turbine consists of one or more rotors (rotating discs) mounted on a drive shaft, alternating with a series of stators (static discs) fixed to the turbine casing. The rotors ha...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: WHy was the Merit network formed in Michigan What completed the triad What type of surveys ...	Answers: WHy was the Merit network formed in Michigan What completed the triad → Merit Network, Inc., an independent non-profit 501(c)(3) corporation governed by Michigan's public universities, was formed in 1966 as the Michigan Educational Research Information Triad to explore computer networking between three of M...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: The Rhine is the longest river in what country? What is the average discharge of the Moselle t...	Answers: The Rhine is the longest river in what country? What is the average discharge of the Moselle to the Rhine? → The Rhine is the longest river in Germany. It is here that the Rhine encounters some more of its main tributaries, such as the Neckar, the Main and, later, the Moselle, which contributes an average dis...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What is the largest sensory feature of the ctenophora? Where is the aboral organ located? To ...	Answers: What is the largest sensory feature of the ctenophora? Where is the aboral organ located? → The largest single sensory feature is the aboral organ (at the opposite end from the mouth). Its main component is a statocyst, a balance sensor consisting of a statolith, a solid particle supported on four bundles of ...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: What kind of non-peer-reviewed sources does the IPCC use? What does the IPCC not do? In what ...	Answers: What kind of non-peer-reviewed sources does the IPCC use? What does the IPCC not do? → The IPCC does not carry out research nor does it monitor climate related data. Lead authors of IPCC reports assess the available information about climate change based on published sources. According to IPCC guidelines, aut...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: On what railroad was Salamanca used? What type of locomotive was Salamanca? Where is the abor...	Answers: On what railroad was Salamanca used? What type of locomotive was Salamanca? → Trevithick continued his own experiments using a trio of locomotives, concluding with the Catch Me Who Can in 1808. Only four years later, the successful twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca by Matthew Murray was used by the edge rail...
Instructions: Find the relevant paragraphs that contain the answers for the following questions, and copy the entire question and paragraph together. ----------------------------------------------------------- Questions: How many botanical gardens does Warsaw have? Why is Warsaw's flora very rich in species? Impe...	Answers: How many botanical gardens does Warsaw have? Why is Warsaw's flora very rich in species? → The flora of the city may be considered very rich in species. The species richness is mainly due to the location of Warsaw within the border region of several big floral regions comprising substantial proportions of clo...