q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
value | subreddit stringclasses 3
values | url stringlengths 4 132 | answers dict | title_urls list | selftext_urls list | answers_urls list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sfbu6 | What is definitely known about the subconscious/unconscious? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/sfbu6/what_is_definitely_known_about_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"c4dm5jb"
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"text": [
"So first, both subconscious and unconscious, like nearly every other word used in psychology, are just handy descriptors with arbitrary and changeable definitions, they aren't like \"gravity\" or something where there's some kind of measurable ph... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priming_(psychology)"
]
] | ||
avenvv | how does science disprove religion? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/avenvv/eli5_how_does_science_disprove_religion/ | {
"a_id": [
"ehefg8l",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"It doesn't. Science and religion address and cover completely different things. Religious people, who say otherwise, are stupid and atheists, who say otherwise, are stupid.",
"Who says \"Science disproved religion\"? Th... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
yh8uh | If I could physically manipulate atoms, how much force would it take to smash or combine two? | The question is hard to word properly, and I can't help but think I'm misunderstanding how atoms work, but imagine if I was somehow able to hold a hydrogen atom in one hand, and a couple oxygen in the other. With impossible accuracy, would I be able to clap them together and make water or even function as a particle ac... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/yh8uh/if_i_could_physically_manipulate_atoms_how_much/ | {
"a_id": [
"c5vkjin"
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"score": [
3
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"text": [
"Warning: Not a particle physicist.\n\nFirst, for colliding hydrogen and oxygen to make water, that's not exactly what happens. When you add a certain amount of energy to hydrogen and oxygen (the activation energy), they are able to break up and r... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
48f9gs | What did the Romans ever do for the Ancient Israelis? | In "Life of Brian", a character asks "What did the Romans ever do for us?" and the crowd replies "Aqueducts, roads, wine....." et cetera.
_URL_0_
Which raises the question - what DID the Romans do for the Ancient Israelis? Did they build infrastructure up as in Rome, or was it more parasitical? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/48f9gs/what_did_the_romans_ever_do_for_the_ancient/ | {
"a_id": [
"d0jeouy",
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"score": [
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164,
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37,
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"text": [
"Well we do know about a rather large ramp construction up to Masada due to Flavius Jos... | [] | [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9foi342LXQE&feature=youtu.be&t=55"
] | [
[
"http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/israelexperience/history/pages/cumulative%20table%20of%20contents%20-%20archeological%20sites.aspx"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.livescience.com/52810-courtyard-mosaic-israel-photos.html"
],
[],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/badhistory/comments/228i5n/whats_wrong_wit... | |
8aoqx3 | why does water make white t-shirts see-through? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8aoqx3/eli5_why_does_water_make_white_tshirts_seethrough/ | {
"a_id": [
"dx0ghph",
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"text": [
"_URL_0_\n\nTo sum up the article (correct me if I'm wrong), it's basically about the complexity of the material and how many surfaces there are.\n\nCloth is made up of lots of fibers all woven toget... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.thenakedscientists.com/articles/questions/why-do-wet-clothes-become-see-through"
],
[],
[]
] | ||
43prlk | What is the largest non-self-propelling object that we can shoot into Low Earth Orbit? | I'm curious as to how close we are to being able to place objects in LEO by means of firing them from the ground, like from a rail gun. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/43prlk/what_is_the_largest_nonselfpropelling_object_that/ | {
"a_id": [
"czl7lmp",
"czlggti"
],
"score": [
5,
2
],
"text": [
"You actually can't get anything into the orbit of earth without a small rocket. Not because of a not powerful gun, we could get to orbital velocity just fine. However, the apoapsis would still be in the atmosphere where the ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_cannonball",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimborazo",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-gas_gun"
]
] | |
3cy6qg | was black and white as a film medium necessary before the evolution of colour? | Could we not have jumped right to colour film? Was there a logical reason why black and white was necessary first? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3cy6qg/eli5_was_black_and_white_as_a_film_medium/ | {
"a_id": [
"ct01kah",
"ct01v7f"
],
"score": [
57,
4
],
"text": [
"There are a couple reasons we couldn't really have jumped straight to color film.\n\nOne is that early photographic film was sensitive only to blue-green, blue, violet, and ultraviolet - so we had no way of recording red li... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
18sov3 | What was the strength of the post-WWI German Monarchists movement and is there any meaningful support for it still? | I was reading through the wikipedia article about Kaiser Willhelm II, in the [section concerning his death](_URL_0_) there is mention of his tomb being a sort of pilgrimage site for "German monarchists"
Beyond tabloid pieces and small blurbs about the Prussian royal family never truly relinquishing their title, I am ... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/18sov3/what_was_the_strength_of_the_postwwi_german/ | {
"a_id": [
"c8hnt61"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"I'm not going to delete this question since it does seem to be predominantly historical, but it is a borderline case. The last half of this question *does* violate our pre-1993 rule. \n\nFor commenters: Please only make analysis on historical Ger... | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_II,_German_Emperor#Death"
] | [
[]
] | |
ju5x5 | Is blue cheese mould benign because it's in very small quantities, or because it's a different kind of mould? Can you get ill from eating too much? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ju5x5/is_blue_cheese_mould_benign_because_its_in_very/ | {
"a_id": [
"c2f4rr3",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"It's a non-pathogenic mold so knock yourself... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
7qxown | what is needed to get matter to being a bose-einstein condensate, the least known about state of matter? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7qxown/eli5_what_is_needed_to_get_matter_to_being_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"dssqdok"
],
"score": [
9
],
"text": [
"You want bosons in a system(usually weakly or noninteracting- typically using a dilute gas) at a low enough temperature. \n\nAt it's core, a BEC is a bunch of bosons sitting in the same ground state. You want bosons as opposed to fermions because... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/search?q=bose+einstein&restrict_sr=on",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/search?q=bose-einstein&restrict_sr=on&sort=relevance&t=all"
]
] | ||
79yckt | Why is the elementary charge not redefined to be one-third of its current value to avoid the fractional charges of the quarks? | I know that quarks come in charges of -1/3 and +2/3 of the elementary charge, and that because of color confinement you're never able to isolate any single quark so you will only ever get integer multiples of the charge in hadrons and mesons. I suppose my questions then are:
1. Why is the elementary charge its curre... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/79yckt/why_is_the_elementary_charge_not_redefined_to_be/ | {
"a_id": [
"dp5pabx"
],
"score": [
8
],
"text": [
" > Why is the elementary charge its current value instead of one-third, so that the charge of any fundamental particle is truly elementary? Is it a matter of historical convention, so that -e is the charge of the electron?\n\nWe discovered proton... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2uobsd | How would one enroll in a Medieval University, and how did they pay for it? | Comparing them to modern university's, what was the enrollment process like? and how were students selected?
Also once selected how did students pay for their education? Did it have to be one large payment, or were they allowed to pay in increments? Was there anything roughly equivalent to a modern student loan? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2uobsd/how_would_one_enroll_in_a_medieval_university_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"coaa04f",
"coad71b",
"coadsk8"
],
"score": [
13,
981,
30
],
"text": [
"I'm actually quite interested in this. While someone is on it, could you answer this for the Renaissance, Colonial and Imperialist eras as well?",
"I'm only familiar with the ~11/12th century un... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2uobsd/how_would_one_enroll_in_a_medieval_university_and/cobq353"
],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1eh8bf/how_exactly_would_one_a_enter_and_b_attain_a/",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1ewzjd/how_much_did_un... | |
atn07y | how does a space telescope judge distance? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/atn07y/eli5_how_does_a_space_telescope_judge_distance/ | {
"a_id": [
"eh24pah"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"Parallax is the most common type for near-ish objects. \n\nPut something in front of you. Look at it with only one eye open, then the other. You notice how you can use those two slightly different images to judge the distance? That's ***basically... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmic_distance_ladder"
]
] | ||
11o9ue | How can photons move in waves if they have a constant speed? | I'm trying to understand waves, and I understand them in the context of sound and water and things like that, but light confuses me. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/11o9ue/how_can_photons_move_in_waves_if_they_have_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6o5wy8",
"c6o6eu0"
],
"score": [
9,
2
],
"text": [
"Photons don't move in waves. Photons **are** waves. Well, kind of.\n\nPhotons act *like* particles in some circumstances. They act *like* waves in other circumstances. The truth is that they're quantum objects that have ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1h0a8q | If the U.S. Constitution framers were so concerned about federal government asserting to much power and the executive (Presidential) branch becoming a Monarch, how come they didn't establish term limits on the Executive branch? | It's my understanding that one of the largest concerns and the reason we had the Articles of Confederation was to prevent a strong federal/Monarch government from happening again. That was why each colony/state ruled itself in essence, and the initial US gov't had very little control and so many issues cropped up (Shay... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1h0a8q/if_the_us_constitution_framers_were_so_concerned/ | {
"a_id": [
"capkwze"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"The issue came up multiple times in the Constitutional Convention, as well as the Ratification debates.\n\n1. They believed voting was enough to counter any bad side-effects of no term limits. People would only vote for Presidents if they didn't ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
d9mtbw | What caused the Turkic migrations? In the 7th century, they seemingly were mostly confined to the steppes. By the 11th century, Turkic states, mercenaries and slave-soldiers were everywhere throughout the Middle East and dominated the political scene. What happened? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/d9mtbw/what_caused_the_turkic_migrations_in_the_7th/ | {
"a_id": [
"f1muomn"
],
"score": [
17
],
"text": [
"Phew, good question. Bear with me as I try to help you understand this situation. (part 1)\n\n**Turkic Confederations**\n\nLuckily for us, Persian chroniclers tell us that in the 10th century, the lands of modern-day Northern Kazakhstan are shar... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
5thd0i | how does an iv drip work? how does the body accept and process that fluid? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5thd0i/eli5_how_does_an_iv_drip_work_how_does_the_body/ | {
"a_id": [
"ddmzjcp"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"It's a windy day outside. You're holding a glass of water and turn it over. The water spills out. Does it fall straight down? No - it falls at angle in the direction the wind is blowing. \n\nThis is similar to the fluid entering your blood. When ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1yfguy | How did KGB spies work there way through the U.S.? Did the Red Scare actually help in their capture? | edit: to clarify did it lead to any of them being captured or was it mostly hearsay and fingerpointing? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1yfguy/how_did_kgb_spies_work_there_way_through_the_us/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfk6o9v"
],
"score": [
7
],
"text": [
"First off, are you familiar with the declassification of VENONA?\n\nDuring that period, the Soviet relied on one-time pads to send ciphers. Given that WW2 demanded many more ciphers for military ops, the Soviets ended up having to recycle some p... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
axlvel | why can my phone not connect to two different bluetooth devices? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/axlvel/eli5_why_can_my_phone_not_connect_to_two/ | {
"a_id": [
"ehuca8b",
"ehucq0f"
],
"score": [
3,
3
],
"text": [
"It should, devices have been able to connect through multiple Bluetooth channels since like 2.1. My smart watch is always connected via bluetooth, and then I can pair my earbuds with no issue.\n\nIf you're specifically talki... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
8c2wct | what would happen to the economy if the entire world decided diamonds, gold, silver, etc were worthless? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8c2wct/eli5_what_would_happen_to_the_economy_if_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"dxbny9w",
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],
"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Well they all have uses in everyday products, so their value would be re-evaluated. As for any country with a gold standard, their economy would most likely crash.",
"There would be an initial shock as those commodities ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
3j319z | overthrow of hawaii monarchy | I've never learned about this in school and I can't find a good wikipedia article on it. The only thing I know is it was in interests of the Dole Banana company. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3j319z/eli5overthrow_of_hawaii_monarchy/ | {
"a_id": [
"culubrh",
"cum4ris"
],
"score": [
8,
4
],
"text": [
"Sugar cane farming was the major export from Hawaii. White American plantation owners moved over in mass in the mid-1800's.\n\nAlong with the plantation owners came American missionaries. The powerful influence of religion... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
bunchi | Why did the Fukushima nuclear plant switch to using fresh water after the accident? | I was reading about Operation Tomodachi and [on the wikipedia page](_URL_1_) it mentioned that the US Navy provided 500,000 gallons of fresh water to cool the plant. That struck me as odd considering they could just use sea water. After doing some digging [this](_URL_0_) was all I could find. Apparently they **were** u... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/bunchi/why_did_the_fukushima_nuclear_plant_switch_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"epej8qq",
"epep2eh",
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"epf0872",
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"epglo1z",
"eph18iz",
"eph52l8",
"ephihp9"
],
"score": [
95,
3562,
9,
9,
29,
2,
3,
22,
5,
124,
8
],
"text": [
"Salt water is corr... | [] | [
"https://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=59318",
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Tomodachi"
] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4078744/"
],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
21fav7 | Why was a revolver type mechanism never adopted for military rifles? | After seeing [this](_URL_0_) video on the front page, I couldn't help but wonder why this type of gun was never adopted. I can't imagine a muzzle-loaded weapon being more efficient at putting rounds down range. Was it money or lack of craftsman able to create the mechanism? Thanks! | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/21fav7/why_was_a_revolver_type_mechanism_never_adopted/ | {
"a_id": [
"cgcgt22",
"cgci4lv",
"cgck1ua"
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"score": [
29,
4,
13
],
"text": [
"There were military issued revolving cylinder mechanisms on rifles. \n\n_URL_0_\n\n\nThere's one example used in the Civil War- over 4 thousand were purchased for the Civil War, and it was used at som... | [] | [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cdlecO3gyOo&noredirect=1"
] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colt_revolving_rifle"
],
[],
[]
] | |
16pnfv | the manti te'o situation. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/16pnfv/eli5_the_manti_teo_situation/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7y7v6a",
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"c7yd4mg",
"c7ye2la",
"c7ygl6p"
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"score": [
53,
4,
3,
4,
4
],
"text": [
"Manti Te'o is a very good American college football player for the University of Notre Dame. He plays linebacker, a defensive position, and plays it so well ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://deadspin.com/5976517/manti-teos-dead-girlfriend-the-most-heartbreaking-and-inspirational-story-of-the-college-football-season-is-a-hoax?utm_campaign=socialflow_deadspin_twitter&utm_source=deadspin_twitter&utm_medium=socialflow"
],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
1z3e5v | When an embryo is developing, how do the first few cells "decide" which end will be the head and which end will be the feet? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1z3e5v/when_an_embryo_is_developing_how_do_the_first_few/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfq7jfj",
"cfqiw6h"
],
"score": [
6,
4
],
"text": [
"After the blastula, the embryo undergoes gastrulation where the germ layers are formed. These 3 germ layers will become all the different body tissues, and I'd recommend reading up on [germ layers](_URL_0_). Cells that diffe... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germ_layer"
],
[
"http://biology.kenyon.edu/courses/biol114/Chap13/antennapedia.gif"
]
] | ||
66ro6w | when you buy land, what do you actually own in terms of height and depth? and who dictates this? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/66ro6w/eli5_when_you_buy_land_what_do_you_actually_own/ | {
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"text": [
"Well, first off it's important to note that the land may not include mineral rights. So you can purchase the land, but you may not have the rights to any valuable things in it, li... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7F9V6yZjJXQ"
]
] | ||
25oaxg | Why didn't the US Civil War get as trench-y as WW1? | Why didn't the US civil war get as bogged down and stalemated as WW1? Was it for technological reasons, such as how good the rifles were or how well armed people were? Or due to the much bigger armies? Or that there was always a flank to turn in the US civil war? Or something else i'm not thinking of? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/25oaxg/why_didnt_the_us_civil_war_get_as_trenchy_as_ww1/ | {
"a_id": [
"chj4vvd",
"chj59xs"
],
"score": [
2,
10
],
"text": [
"Technology, basically. \n\nThe advantage of trenches is that, for the defensive side, you see him before he sees you. That's a reasonably advantageous position to be in when you've got a musket rifle, but when you've got a ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
ee6f4t | how is it determined that a very specific chemical or food (e.g. bacon) causes cancer? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ee6f4t/eli5_how_is_it_determined_that_a_very_specific/ | {
"a_id": [
"fbqec95",
"fbrb0dw"
],
"score": [
8,
6
],
"text": [
"Salt cured pork belly doesn't cause cancer. Nitrite and nitrate preservatives used in bacon making causes cancer.\n\nThese interact with the red meat cells to make N-nitroso compounds, which cause cancer in bowels",
"Th... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
5ufvhe | What's the difference between Special Relativity and the Lorentz transformations? | Einstein is famous for special relativity, but the Lorentz equations that it uses predate his theory and was developed by Lorentz apparently to explain the same phenomena. What's the difference? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/5ufvhe/whats_the_difference_between_special_relativity/ | {
"a_id": [
"ddtpzj8",
"ddud7by",
"ddwd4y4"
],
"score": [
7,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"The Lorentz transformations are an integral part of SR. They are how you transform between different inertial reference frames.",
"[There is an extremely detailed and interesting article on Wikipedi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_special_relativity"
],
[]
] | |
5f2791 | the situation at standing rock | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5f2791/eli5_the_situation_at_standing_rock/ | {
"a_id": [
"dagvqh6"
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"text": [
"As far as my understanding, it's being built on land that's been procured by the army corp of engineers, so technically private. The Sioux of that area say the land was taken from them in violation of a treaty, some years ago. Their main concern ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dakota_Access_Pipeline"
]
] | ||
2lp862 | re-financing my mortgage | I know this is ridiculous since I HAVE A FUCKING MORTGAGE.
I can't get anyone to give me a kindergarten level explanation. My loan is roughly $430k @ 4.75%. My broker tells me he can re fi down to 4.2% at no cost to me and save me $100 a month.
How does this not cost me anything? Will the amount of my loan go up? ... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2lp862/eli5_refinancing_my_mortgage/ | {
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"Okay, he means no money out of pocket. All those closing costs would get rolled into your loan, slightly driving up the principal(what you owe).\n\nWhat you want to do is get the breakdown of what it will really cost,and calculate your break e... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1lvizd | How far above the earth does gravity lose its pull? | Mesosphere? Thermoshpere? Beyond? Also is it a slow process of losing gravity the farther you get, or do you rapidly lose gravity after a certain height? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1lvizd/how_far_above_the_earth_does_gravity_lose_its_pull/ | {
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"text": [
"Way beyond our atmosphere (holds the moon in orbit right?). Just as an example the ISS experiences about 90% the gravity we do. The simplified model for gravity is G(Mm/r) where ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=172106"
],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hill_sphere"
],
[
"http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/how-orbits-work/"
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1wi3bp | Historically, are USSR and Soviet Union synonymous? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1wi3bp/historically_are_ussr_and_soviet_union_synonymous/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"I believe your teacher is incorrect. Russia is not the same as the USSR as Russia is one republic in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Perhaps that is what your teacher meant. Unless there's some obscure nuance I'm u... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1hg62k | How many of the French aristocrats who fled to England/Austria/wherever after the Revolution of eventually managed to come back to France? Did Napoleon allow any of them to return? | Additionally, it seems like the Revolution scrapped the aristocratic system completely. How did Napoleon justify reinstating aristocratic titles? Did any come back under the Bourbon Restoration(s)? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1hg62k/how_many_of_the_french_aristocrats_who_fled_to/ | {
"a_id": [
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"Napoleon did offer an amnesty to those emigres (I think in 1801) and some took it up. Note that many aristocrats never left, a lot of his officers were nobility that had proven themselves by merit. If my notes from a course... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_Constitution_of_the_Clergy",
"http://books.google.fr/books?id=j3uEqAJTU5UC&dq=ultra+royalism+france&hl=fr&source=gbs_navlinks_s",
"http://www.napoleon-series.org/research/government/diplomatic/c_emigres.html",
"http://books.google.fr/books?id=Q... | |
3t0e09 | How does the optic nerve know what color a particular photoreceptor in the eye is responsible for? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3t0e09/how_does_the_optic_nerve_know_what_color_a/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The same way the nerves in your arm \"know\" which finger touched something. \n\nIn short, they don't. They just transmit a signal. Your brain is responsible for making sense of those signals. ",
"... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://7e.biopsychology.com/step/10/1002-1.jpg",
"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627312002747",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Young%E2%80%93Helmholtz_theory",
"http://www.jneurosci.org/content/30/45/14955.full.pdf+html",
"http://webvision.instead-technologi... | ||
4ycrkp | if calories in = calories out, what difference would 3000 calories of bread compared to 3000 calories of protein have in terms of weight loss? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4ycrkp/eli5_if_calories_in_calories_out_what_difference/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"So long as you are getting all of the nutrients you need in the day there is no practical difference between sources of calories and it is the raw number in compared to the amount of energy you are burning that matters. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1pypa5 | why do i get sick from old raw chicken, even if i cook the hell out of it? | Alternatively, Why does any old food hurt you, even if you reheat it? Considering germs are supposed to die at a relatively low temperature (i.e., less than 200 degrees)
**Edit:** Spelling.
**Edit 2:** Thank you for all of the answers. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1pypa5/eli5_why_do_i_get_sick_from_old_raw_chicken_even/ | {
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" > Considering germs are supposed to die at a relatively low temperature (i.e., less that 200 degrees)\n\nAt that point, it's not the germs you have to worry about. Rather, it's the toxic chemicals that they release as part... | [] | [] | [
[],
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] | |
3etprw | why are some u.s. cities, like nyc, designed in a nice grid-system while others, like boston, look like something a drunken toddler with a magic marker drew on his parents' walls? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3etprw/eli5_why_are_some_us_cities_like_nyc_designed_in/ | {
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"It's all in the plan of the city. If people slowly moved in and decided to put a house wherever they felt like it, it's going to have... | [] | [] | [
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fu882y | do animals in the wild fail to produce milk in the same way as humans? | I just saw a video of a mommy and baby gorilla laying down in the grass, cuddling. While watching it I noticed how the gorilla’s breasts looked very similar to humans, and began pondering just how far those similarities go. Are there mammals who fail to produce milk? Do those babies just die? In the event of the animal... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/fu882y/eli5_do_animals_in_the_wild_fail_to_produce_milk/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Yes, some mothers fail to produce milk, especially in hard times when food is less available. And, yes, those babies generally just die. Sometimes they're abandoned before they die because mom is desperate for food herself and can't afford to kee... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
517cp8 | I have heard that people before the 20th century drank huge amounts of alcohol from an early age because water was not safe to drink otherwise. If this is true, how did teetotal groups (most obviously, Muslims) survive? | I have no idea if this is a true as serration to begin with. If it is, why were Muslim nations not crippled by tainted drinking water? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/517cp8/i_have_heard_that_people_before_the_20th_century/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"You may find [this AskHistorians thread](_URL_0_) from a few years ago has some discussion on yhe subject, at least until this one takes off."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/269yvc/if_alcohol_has_historically_been_safer_than_water/"
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36y4lt | Do insects get thirsty? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/36y4lt/do_insects_get_thirsty/ | {
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"Insects do require water for their metabolism. However, they are very small and have an exoskeleton, which means they do not lose much water through evaporation. Their water requirements are therefore rather low. Many insects obtain enough water ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stenocara_gracilipes"
]
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89u27w | Why don't astronauts use steroids to prevent muscle atrophy? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/89u27w/why_dont_astronauts_use_steroids_to_prevent/ | {
"a_id": [
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"Likely because steroid use comes with its own set of drawbacks and side effects. Seeing as space travel is already quite unhealthy (i.e. radiological hazard is higher), its not a good idea to introduce even more potential pr... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
upviz | Do nonlinear differential equations truly have no analytic solutions or have we just not discovered a method of solving them? | I have the understanding that nonlinear ODEs/PDEs are usually solved by linearization with a taylor series, but I'm wondering if they could be solved exactly if some extremely clever mathematician came up with a new method, somewhat like how integration by parts can be used for integration. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/upviz/do_nonlinear_differential_equations_truly_have_no/ | {
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"We don't have any **general** solution, but it doesn't mean we don't know how to solve some of them.",
"Generally speaking, you could describe a Turing-complete computer as a non-linear ODE/PDE , a... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liouville%27s_theorem_\\(differential_algebra\\)"
]
] | |
65rlaj | why do high schools and colleges press so hard on learning a second language? | Follow-up question: why can't we take a code language for 2+ years rather than Spanish? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/65rlaj/eli5_why_do_high_schools_and_colleges_press_so/ | {
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"text": [
"bc it's useful for the students, in today's world you have to know others languages, especially if you aren't from an english speaking country",
"In some... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
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] | |
2m61e9 | How did people of Rome at the time react to Paul's Epistle to the Romans? | I am writing a college paper analyzing Paul's Epistle to the Romans and can't find a lot of information on how people reacted to his letter. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2m61e9/how_did_people_of_rome_at_the_time_react_to_pauls/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Do you mean the church in Rome? There is no direct evidence for this. The best I suppose one could do would be to analyse 1 Clement which appears to be from an elder in Rome to the church in Corinth, and would provide some very indirect evidence ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
to2ae | Is it true that marijuana can cause (activate?) schizophrenia in people predisposed to it? | Is it true that marijuana can cause (activate?) schizophrenia in people predisposed to it? I was told as much in my drug awareness class years ago and would like to know if it's true. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/to2ae/is_it_true_that_marijuana_can_cause_activate/ | {
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3,
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"text": [
"There is definitely correlation. Causation is up for debate.\n_URL_0_\nThis article tends to lean towards at least partial causation. But you'll find a l... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.psmag.com/health/the-cannabis-and-schizophrenia-conundrum-10218/"
],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/m7awe/does_cannabis_increase_dopamine_levels/"
],
[
"http://www.independent.ie/health/health-news/higher-risk-of-schizophrenia-for-teenage-cannabis-users-3103109.html... | |
6h4lck | what barriers are in place to stop an up-and-coming drug company from undercutting the epi-pen monopoly? | The way I see it, when selling medical things in the USA, you have to get approval from government health organizations to verify that your product is safe, and you need to have your own design or patent to make sure you are not infringing on intellectual property.
Epi-pens contain Epinephrine, a drug that has proven ... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6h4lck/eli5what_barriers_are_in_place_to_stop_an/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
" > So why is it that nobody has made some new kind of plastic autoinjector that works as easily as an Epi-pen and packs the same dosage of Ephinepherine? \n\nParts of the delivery system are still under patent. You would h... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-cvs-epipen-20170112-story.html"
]
] | |
9jsd8d | The destruction of the 2nd Temple is remembered as a terrible event in Jewish history and, in some ways, a part of the Jewish identity. With the establishment of the state of Israel, was there ever a movement to create a 3rd Temple? | I've always thought it a little odd how they never did. From what I can tell, and from what I've learned about the Temples in Judaism class, how central they were to Jewish life, and the theological crisis that erupted from its destruction in 70 CE, I would have assumed constructing a 3rd Temple would be the first thin... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9jsd8d/the_destruction_of_the_2nd_temple_is_remembered/ | {
"a_id": [
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2
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"text": [
"Rebuilding the Temple has been an extremely fraught issue, accelerated considerably since Israel regained control of the Mount after the Six Day War. The Israeli PM at the time, Levi Eshkol, ceded official control of the Mou... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
5yzv0u | if everyone wore respirators for 1 year, would every cold and flu virus go extinct? | Credit to /u/LordBrandon for original comment. I felt it deserved it's own thread.
[Link](_URL_0_) | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5yzv0u/eli5_if_everyone_wore_respirators_for_1_year/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"No. Many new flu epidemics happen from inter-species transmission. New variants often appear first in chickens or other birds, then spread to pigs, and then spread to humans."
]
} | [] | [
"https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5yzk9n/eli5_why_do_some_asian_people_wear_mouth/deu4dgt"
] | [
[]
] | |
g3q22l | if two offspring come from the same parents, how come their genes/characteristics are different from each other? | If it’s random selection, then how does the body (or whoever chooses it) choose which genes go into which offspring? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/g3q22l/eli5_if_two_offspring_come_from_the_same_parents/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Imagine a woman drops in 100 red balls in a vase and a man dropps in 100 green balls. Now you go ahead and pull 100 balls out if that vase. Each ball symbolises a gene, one of them is dad's curly hair ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
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] | |
1vdh1d | if the aca is giving insurance to everyone, why do i still pay $350 per month for insurance? | I understand that the ACA will be taking portions of everyone's paycheck to cover insurance for all, right? So why am I still paying $350 per month to my healthcare provider to be insured? Will this eventually go away? Googling this gives me too many unhelpful answers. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1vdh1d/eli5_if_the_aca_is_giving_insurance_to_everyone/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The ACA does not directly provide insurance. It expands existing programs for the poor, like medicaid, (though this is done through the states and the states can stop it) and it provides subsidies for ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
zbhjo | why in american culture, is using the middle finger as in "flicking you off", considered offensive? | I had asked a family member this question years ago, and never got a good answer for it. I have heard different stories of how it relates to the male penis, to "it simply just is rude". So explain like I am 5, why is "flicking someone off","giving them the bird" or any other form of that phrase considered rude? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/zbhjo/eli5_why_in_american_culture_is_using_the_middle/ | {
"a_id": [
"c634npd",
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"score": [
2,
4
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"text": [
"Because it's basically saying \"Fuck you.\"",
"From [Wikipedia](_URL_0_)\n\n > The middle finger originated in Classical antiquity, where the gesture was used as a symbol of anal intercourse in a manner meant to degrade,... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finger_%28gesture%29"
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] | |
eh4hpi | why use median vs mean for household income data? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/eh4hpi/eli5_why_use_median_vs_mean_for_household_income/ | {
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"text": [
"In places where the income spread is relatively narrow (400 - 1000%) such as Scandinavian countries, then high or low income outliers are well treated by the... | [] | [] | [
[],
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[],
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] | |
8gp6hv | how do viruses with a high mortality rate actually manage to survive and spread out in the wild? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8gp6hv/eli5_how_do_viruses_with_a_high_mortality_rate/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Some viruses have reservoirs - meaning that they can stay in hosts that aren't affected by the disease (the mosquito *Aedes aegypti* can carry a number of viruses that can give humans diseases, e.g. yellow, Zika and dengue fever).\n\nOther times,... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
q2egf | In a busy office environment is it more efficient to boil a full kettle, then re-boil for subsequent cups, or boil small amounts of water for each cup? | Our office recyclepath is insistent that only the water for each individual cup required at that time is used when the kettle is boiled. Therefore the water is always heated from cold (tap water temperature). As the office is a busy one, would it be more efficient to fill the kettle to the brim the first time it is use... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/q2egf/in_a_busy_office_environment_is_it_more_efficient/ | {
"a_id": [
"c3u5ise"
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"score": [
10
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"text": [
"The heat capacity of water is near constant, it changes by less than a percent between room temperature and boiling. So it requires the same amount of energy to heat a given amount of water from 20 to 30 C as from 90 C to 100 C. That means you d... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1ycgsm | why is it so easy to stream a live event, and seemingly impossible to stream a live event in hd? | I can locate any streaming ball game or tv program within minutes, but have never seen a high definition one... I can't just be looking in all the wrong places. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1ycgsm/eli5_why_is_it_so_easy_to_stream_a_live_event_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfjcjxe"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"There is a user that streams hockey games for a specific team who I won't rat out. I once asked him why he does not stream in HD and he said there were a few reasons, first is that the equipment is more expensive. Secondly, he needs a higher uplo... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
45ulbl | how can game bundles be profitable to the seller? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/45ulbl/eli5_how_can_game_bundles_be_profitable_to_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"d00aioc",
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3,
3
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"text": [
"Most games in bundles like that aren't new. The people who made them game have already made their investment, these are just the excess copies, they bundle them together because while you might not pay $10/game, you might p... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
3kkhfl | what benifit / purpose does day trading on the stock market serve? | I can understand buying stocks as a way for companies to raise capital and invest in their business. But I don't understand the economic value to society that buying stock and selling it 5min later has.
What would be the effect of only being able to sell a stock once every 24 hours? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3kkhfl/eli5_what_benifit_purpose_does_day_trading_on_the/ | {
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3,
2,
2,
2
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"text": [
"One of the big purposes of the stock market is to provide liquidity - the ability to quickly sell any stock that you own. When investors price any particular asset, they take liqu... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
l0nv3 | Is there an evolutionary and selection aspect to the exponential rise of technology in the last 150 years or so? | What my question is essentially asking is "Would the average person from the year 850 AD, 2000 BC, etc, when given the opportunity at the level of education today, be as successful as people today?"
Or: "Has mankind had the mental capacity to make very profound discoveries throughout the last 4000 years or so but been... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/l0nv3/is_there_an_evolutionary_and_selection_aspect_to/ | {
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"score": [
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2,
2,
2,
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"text": [
"really interesting thought, have definitely wondered the same thing in the past. [this](_UR... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_evolution"
],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technological_evolution"
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1dw0ir | How does tap water stay clean through transit? | I understand that many impurities are removed through at filtration plants, but what about as it travels through all of the pipework to get to your tap? As far as I know, those pipes aren't cleaned or flushed regularly. So, how does it stay clean enough to drink? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1dw0ir/how_does_tap_water_stay_clean_through_transit/ | {
"a_id": [
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2
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"text": [
"Pipes in any finished water distribution system are supposed to be cleaned/flushed out according to an established regimen, depending on the diameter and length of pipe, water quality, average flow rate and other factors. A... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://books.google.com/books?id=CAGE1lDiFMoC"
],
[]
] | |
28jw5c | Was military combat more often performed by highly trained warriors before the introduction of firearms, or is that an invention of film and fiction? | I read a theory that basically said that modern democracy came about because with the introduction of firearms large amounts of unskilled soldiers mattered more than smaller groups of highly trained soldiers. Since the ruling class needed as many soldiers as possible, the cooperation of the lower classes became more i... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/28jw5c/was_military_combat_more_often_performed_by/ | {
"a_id": [
"cibnoa2"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"While there is an element of truth in your main question (whether combat required \"better trained troops\" vs. \"less trained ones,\" the thesis you read seems rather suspicious.\n\nThe best comparison for your argument is that of a longbowman v... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
18cbx4 | Pre-Columbian Civilization in North America | I've been trying to find an article/report I read a while back that discussed a theory of a much larger native society in North America than previously believed.
The article talked about Amerigo Vespucci describing large fires burning on the East Coast in Native cities. And a theory that a large plague wiped out the m... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/18cbx4/precolumbian_civilization_in_north_america/ | {
"a_id": [
"c8djvyy",
"c8drkgu"
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"score": [
6,
2
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"text": [
"What you really need to read is the book [1491](_URL_0_) by Charles Mann. He gives the best treatment of this out of anybody, and it's an awesome read.",
"It was probably The Atlantic Monthly's excerpts from Charles Mann... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.amazon.com/1491-Revelations-Americas-Before-Columbus/dp/1400032059/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1360629680&sr=8-1&keywords=1491"
],
[
"http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2002/03/1491/302445/"
]
] | |
27aogq | explain some of plato's most important philosophical ideas | I am hoping to find some explanations of, what are considered, Plato's biggest and most influential ideas in philosophy.
I have long been a Psych nerd and am now delving into learning philosophy. After some summary reading, I decided that I liked some of Plato's thoughts (or they might have been Socrates thoughts as... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/27aogq/eli5_explain_some_of_platos_most_important/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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3,
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"text": [
"Really there's only two things you need from Plato: forms, and the philosopher king.\n\nForms are a little tough. Plato liked to use analogies to describe it, like the cave dwellers staring at shadows o... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1mx7w9 | why is the ring finger so connected to the middle and little finger? | Why is the ring finger "connected" to both the middle and little finger, when none of the other fingers are connected to each other? Why can't I move my ring finger without moving my little or middle finger, while I can move my index finger without moving my thumb or middle finger? Does this serve a purpose? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1mx7w9/eli5_why_is_the_ring_finger_so_connected_to_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccdg56j",
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"score": [
2,
2
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"text": [
" > Why can't I move my ring finger without moving my little or middle finger,\n\nI can. Is that abnormal? ",
"I can move all mine individually... you must be broken. Or not practicing. Or not explaining how you're tryi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
89nrex | the hanging gardens of Babylon weren't in Babylon but in Nineveh is this true?? | o.k so i have heard this i am not sure but they are believed to be in Nineveh not in Babylon. I am Assyrian by the way.
_URL_0_ | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/89nrex/the_hanging_gardens_of_babylon_werent_in_babylon/ | {
"a_id": [
"dwsa6tl"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"While it doesn't directly address the article you cited, you'll be interested in [this](_URL_0_) answer by /u/mythoplokos!"
]
} | [] | [
"https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/13/130531-babylon-hanging-gardens-nineveh-seven-wonders/"
] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5vw3ai/did_the_hanging_gardens_of_babylon_actually_exist/"
]
] | |
15x3jy | What was the Mongol government like during the time of Genghis Khan | I just can't understand why/how so few people ruled so much land. Was there any form of Mongol government in western lands or would they just plunder and leave? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/15x3jy/what_was_the_mongol_government_like_during_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7qn1w2",
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"score": [
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14,
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"text": [
"It's complicated; but you can sort of think of it like a protection racket.\n\nEvery hegemonic military empire runs that way. They would come to town and whoop everyone's ass. After the fighting was ov... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darughachi"
],
[]
] | |
5lhdts | why do we capitalize "happy new year"? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5lhdts/eli5_why_do_we_capitalize_happy_new_year/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"New Year's Day is the name of a holiday. Because of this it is capitalized like every other proper noun.",
"My guess is that happy is capitalized because it's the beginning of a sentence, and New ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
emgfy4 | why do ed medications, whether prescription or otc supplements, also delay orgasm? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/emgfy4/eli5_why_do_ed_medications_whether_prescription/ | {
"a_id": [
"fdojeuu",
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"score": [
3,
5
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"text": [
"We'll,using the ED Rx for many years( diabetes) I think it may be that the increased blood flow seems to reduce some sensation. It's great to be \" rock hard\" and fun for my partner to have a young man's erection to play wi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1j9vcd | If hydrogen is so low in mass how did it ever coalesce into population III stars? | I understand that it would take a metal core of 5 to 10 earth masses to stop hydrogen and helium gases escaping a gravity well. If this is indeed accurate, what stopped the universe from remaining a cold medium of hydrogen ions with trace amounts of lithium mixed in? Was the minute amount of lithium present after the b... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1j9vcd/if_hydrogen_is_so_low_in_mass_how_did_it_ever/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"i think you need to have a large planet to keep the solar wind from blowing away the upper atmosphere of hydrogen of something like a gas giant....\n\nthere is not really a solar wind in a star forming nebula. What happens is a sufficient mass o... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2lqiaj | what it means when actors are "classically trained" | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2lqiaj/eli5_what_it_means_when_actors_are_classically/ | {
"a_id": [
"clx86xv"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"It means they trained in a program which focused on the work of Saint-Denis and Stanislavski. Most modern techniques of acting are derived from their works. A classically trained actor has learned the science and history of their craft in a way ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2071d8 | Where did the Carthaginian and Roman Rivalry come from? How did it start and why? | I was just lying in bed, trying to sleep and as you do, you think about things.
I just thought about the Carthage and Rome conflict and it was really annoying me that I couldn't remember a solid answer as to how it triggered. - I remember Sicily playing a role in it, when Rome sacked a Carthaginian settlement there?
... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2071d8/where_did_the_carthaginian_and_roman_rivalry_come/ | {
"a_id": [
"cg0g2cs",
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"score": [
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19
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"text": [
"Damnit, I should be studying. I blame you for this.\n\n\nSo a group of mercenaries in Sicily (calling themselves \"Mamertines\" after an Oscan god) had been let into the city of Messana which they took over.\n\n\nSo the ty... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
20w7j8 | How close were the Romans to completely conquering England, Wales & Scotland? | I went to school in Scotland, and in history our teachers made a big thing about how Scotland has never been conquered, the Romans built Hadrian's Wall to keep the natives out, blah blah, etc & so forth.
However, I recently read Tacitus on Agricola, and I was fairly stunned to learn that Agricola campaigned as far n... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/20w7j8/how_close_were_the_romans_to_completely/ | {
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"text": [
"As you are no doubt aware, most of Scotland isn't that productive in terms of land. Scotland could have been conquered easily but there was no material benefit to doing so, parti... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrian#Hadrian_and_the_military"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnaeus_Julius_Agricola#Agricola_in_Ireland.3F",
"http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PPfZCqRytugC&lpg=PA120&dq=roman%20britain%20wall&pg=PA119#v=onepage&q&f=false"
],
[]
... | |
73c78l | Is there a way or has there ever been a case where protons are removed from the nucleus of an atom? | I don’t know much about atoms and science-y things, but I’ve been wondering if there ever has been an instance where protons were removed from the nucleus of an atom, or if there’s a theoretical way to do so.
If there has been, what affect did it have on the atom. If it’s purely theoretical, then how could it be accom... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/73c78l/is_there_a_way_or_has_there_ever_been_a_case/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
61,
3,
2
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"text": [
"Yes, we can remove protons from a nucleus using various kinds of nuclear reactions.\n\nIf you're asking whether there exists any nucleus with only neutrons in it (besides a single neutron), no such nuc... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1ri6wx | the us occasionally has drone strikes in yemen (i.e. we have airplanes dropping bombs on a foreign country), yet we are not at war with this country in any way. how is this possible? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1ri6wx/the_us_occasionally_has_drone_strikes_in_yemen_ie/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdnhm9i"
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"text": [
"I may be wrong here, but I remember hearing that the Yemeni government supported some of the drone strikes, as the strikes were on essentially rebels against their government. I think it came out in one of the diplomatic cable releases that a Yem... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
bfli88 | Spin is an intrinsic property of a particle; how does it interact with other particles' spin if it isn't a force? | Been thinking about this one for a while. Title is quite self explanatory. For example, two electrons forming a covalent bond due to opposite spins (1/2,-1/2), this spin is said to "overcome" the Coulombic repulsion between then and from RK this bond. But, from what I've understood and heard, which, mind you isn't a lo... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/bfli88/spin_is_an_intrinsic_property_of_a_particle_how/ | {
"a_id": [
"eleqnam",
"elezii3"
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"score": [
12,
3
],
"text": [
"Let's think of this classically first. When modeling a rotating electrically charged body using classical E & M, the rotation or \"spin\" will induce a magnetic dipole moment, and thus there is a corresponding magnetic fiel... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirac_equation",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stern%E2%80%93Gerlach_experiment"
],
[]
] | |
20a3q2 | Is there any evidence that Pope John Paul I was murdered? | I've seen there are conspiracy theories around his death in 1978. Do historians view any of these as credible? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/20a3q2/is_there_any_evidence_that_pope_john_paul_i_was/ | {
"a_id": [
"cg1fbax"
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"score": [
2
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"text": [
"There are conflicting stories as to who found him and when, which raised questions, but the Vatican hasn't investigated it and believes that there was no wrongdoing. Because of the \"in-house\" nature of dealing with a pope's death, there was nev... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
ph12u | Why did the Founding Fathers of America choose a plurality voting system? | Surely they were aware of other, more effective, better voting methods. Why choose one that way prone to becoming an unbreakable 2 party system? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/ph12u/why_did_the_founding_fathers_of_america_choose_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"c3pbmgs",
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"score": [
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2
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"text": [
"I'm dodging your question because I don't know the precise answer. I don't care much about third parties, but I do agree we could have a much better system (IRV with batch elimination would be a nice start). I re-read Federa... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
t3hcx | - why "artificial" elements that are man-made are significant and put onto the periodic table. | I understand that they are different from the other elements from being discovered in a laboratory setting, and I understand that they are created by injecting neutrons (?) into atoms to create new combinations. What I don't get is why we consider these "elements" when they aren't necessarily natural or found anywhere... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/t3hcx/eli5_why_artificial_elements_that_are_manmade_are/ | {
"a_id": [
"c4j7w1k",
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"score": [
9,
5
],
"text": [
"Well, each element on the periodic table represents a completely different kind of atom. This is important from the perspective of physics. It just so happens that some of those atoms do not exist in nature (or, possibly d... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
70ot7c | how does checking out a book from the library support the author or publishing company of a book? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/70ot7c/eli5_how_does_checking_out_a_book_from_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"dn4qw5h",
"dn4r462"
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"score": [
2,
3
],
"text": [
"It doesn't, your library subscription does however allow your local library to buy new books, supporting those authors.",
"The library has to pay for each copy of the book that they own. If a particular book is checked ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
5olp8r | what happens when you recycle something that isn't recyclable? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5olp8r/eli5_what_happens_when_you_recycle_something_that/ | {
"a_id": [
"dck9esr",
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"score": [
6,
2
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"text": [
"Dang it, I read an article about this just recently and now I can't find it. There are people whose job is to watch the stuff come down a conveyer belt, and they pick out what is not recyclable. They can miss things, though,... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
2aufkc | why do we get homesick? | I can't think of a good evolutionary reason because many of our ancestors survived by becoming nomads.
I wonder if homesickness is related to territorial instinct in animals. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2aufkc/eli5_why_do_we_get_homesick/ | {
"a_id": [
"ciyvakp",
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"score": [
7,
2
],
"text": [
"Familiar surroundings, people, and routines provide a sense of security and comfort. In a new place, you may find yourself missing the comforts of home and loved ones. Those homesick feelings are completely normal.\n\nSome p... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
3cq2mu | what's with the british parliament and pedophilia? | Do they just suck at hiding it unlike other countries? Are the British MPs just more inclined to pedophilia? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3cq2mu/eli5_whats_with_the_british_parliament_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"csxyzvx"
],
"score": [
2
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"text": [
"There are currently 650 MPs in the House of Commons, and 700+ Lords in the House of Lords. These sex offences go back to at least the 70s, so there must be several thousand people who have been in Parliament during that time.\n\nChances are out o... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
236vrq | How did vertebrates evolve a "backwards" retina? | I understand that our eye has a blind spot due to our blood vessels routing in front of our retina. This is often explained simply as a "mistake" in evolution, and the cephalopod eye is often cited as a better "design".
This is clear to me in features like the [reccurent laryngeal nerve](_URL_0_), which only makes sen... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/236vrq/how_did_vertebrates_evolve_a_backwards_retina/ | {
"a_id": [
"cgu4jre"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"It may be useful to consider the vertebrate process of [neurulation](_URL_0_) that forms the [neural tube](_URL_1_). Insects don't do this. The eyes branch off the forebrain, i.e. part of the inside of the neural tube. As a result the you migh... | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recurrent_laryngeal_nerve"
] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurulation",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_tube"
]
] | |
1fo5ep | Historically, how much did the Catholic church charge for indulgences for various different sins and what is today's value (inflation considered)? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1fo5ep/historically_how_much_did_the_catholic_church/ | {
"a_id": [
"cacg100",
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12
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"text": [
"That depends on several things: (i) who was issuing the indulgences, and (ii) the social standing of the person seeking indulgences. If you were getting an indulgence from an archbishop, you would be charged significantly h... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.orlutheran.com/html/facts95.html"
],
[]
] | ||
2pgja0 | what are the facial differences between men and women? | Just as an example here, if a head was found with no hair/eyebrows/eye lashes, how can the gender be found? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2pgja0/eli5what_are_the_facial_differences_between_men/ | {
"a_id": [
"cmwg9cl",
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2,
2,
4
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"text": [
"Men in general have hard and rugged facial features, while women tend to have soft and smooth facial features. Testosterone has the effect of making men more aggressive than woman, leading to a more \"a... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
36ikcv | Louisiana used to be one of the crowns of the French Empire. What happened to it? | Louisiana has [one of the lowest average incomes in the US](_URL_0_), [one of the lowest household incomes](_URL_1_), and [one of the highest income inequalities](_URL_2_). And that isn't even talking about income inequality by sex or race, the crime rate, government corruption, etc.
What happened in the last 200 year... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/36ikcv/louisiana_used_to_be_one_of_the_crowns_of_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"credhji",
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"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"First, we are talking two hundred years, and Louisiana had a [very different shape](_URL_1_) when it was French : US history basically happened between now and then. Second, is it Louisiana, or is it the Southern states that... | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_income",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Household_income_in_the_United_States#Income_by_state",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_by_Gini_coefficient"
] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_costliest_Atlantic_hurricanes",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisiana#/media/File:Louisiane_1800.png"
],
[]
] | |
262r3d | [Astronomy] If the dark side of the earth points outwards from the sun, how come we see the same constelations throughout year? | On January the earth is at one side of the sun and at the opposite side on July. In other words, the night "points" to different regions on different seasons. So why we see the same stars throughout the year? I know the northern and southern hemispheres have different constellations, but shouldn't they change along the... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/262r3d/astronomy_if_the_dark_side_of_the_earth_points/ | {
"a_id": [
"chn4ctq"
],
"score": [
19
],
"text": [
"We don't. For example, Orion cannot be seen in the Northern summer."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
157vdw | Why does the Japanese Imperial family not have a last name? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/157vdw/why_does_the_japanese_imperial_family_not_have_a/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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15,
15
],
"text": [
"His original name is Tsugu Akihito. In Japan I don't think the imperial family needs a last name because it is a commonly accepted fact that emperors have reigned over Japan f... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_of_Japan",
"http://japanese.about.com/library/weekly/aa033000.htm"
],
[
"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v448/n7150/full/448139a.html",
"http://www.sciencemag.org/content/258/5082/578"
],
[],
[]
] | ||
1s0dlb | how can i help anyone with depression. | thank you for taking the time, I'm a fairly upbeat person and i see a lot of people on reddit struggling with Depression. I hear a lot about members who posts how they feel, but is there anything i can help to make your/their life that little bit better? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1s0dlb/eli5_how_can_i_help_anyone_with_depression/ | {
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"score": [
13,
3,
3,
6,
3,
2,
3
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"text": [
"Read [this](_URL_0_), for one. It is vaguely humorous, but it addresses arguably the worst thing about depressio... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://hyperboleandahalf.blogspot.com/2013/05/depression-part-two.html?m=0"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
8wjb6r | In the Christian religion Lucifer punishes the evil in hell, despite him being "the fallen angel" who will fight god at the end of days.... Why would he punish his supporters/followers? How did this belief come about? | It just seems odd that if you were say a Devil worshipper, that you would be sent to hell and the Devil would punish you for it.
How did Christianity come up with this idea of "him" inflicting justice on the wicked?
Edit: I could see how it could happen if he was a moral/amoral god of the underworld such as the Gre... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8wjb6r/in_the_christian_religion_lucifer_punishes_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"e1wkrcw",
"e1x1xb0"
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"score": [
49,
53
],
"text": [
"This question isn't inappropriate for this subreddit, as there is certainly an historical answer to be had regarding where this belief came from, but you may also want to ask it at /r/AcademicBiblical, where the theologica... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
yduif | how could there be so little voter fraud in us without photo id before? | I live in a country where everyone has a passport. EVERYONE! I think even some homeless guys. You cannot be allowed into the booth unless your face matches that picture. So how does lack of photo ID not lead to people impersonating someone else? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/yduif/eli5_how_could_there_be_so_little_voter_fraud_in/ | {
"a_id": [
"c5unbnz",
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"c5unn2l",
"c5upr9w",
"c5utj0y"
],
"score": [
25,
7,
10,
2,
4,
2
],
"text": [
"because if you're really trying to fix an election, having individuals show up at polls claiming to be a person who's registered there... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewbender/2012/01/30/record-number-of-americans-now-hold-passports/"
],
[]
] | |
df5at4 | prenuptial agreements | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/df5at4/elif_prenuptial_agreements/ | {
"a_id": [
"f30yt7n",
"f30ywq0",
"f310t3h"
],
"score": [
3,
9,
7
],
"text": [
"So you basically sign an agreement with your soon to be wife/husband stating that in the event of a separation/divorce your spouse won’t be able to take you for everything you have.",
"Essentially, ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
2yt10y | Light bends around massive objects. Could there be something so massive that light orbited around it? | I know black holes are so massive they don't let light escape. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2yt10y/light_bends_around_massive_objects_could_there_be/ | {
"a_id": [
"cpcnku7",
"cpcx4lf",
"cpcxxcd",
"cpcyok4",
"cpd2q7z",
"cpd5ryz",
"cpd7ccq",
"cpdidls"
],
"score": [
3778,
136,
13,
86,
10,
7,
36,
2
],
"text": [
"**Short answer:** Yes. If you're near a black hole. \n\n**Longer answer:** So you a... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://sciencevspseudoscience.files.wordpress.com/2011/09/schwarzschild.png"
],
[],
[
"http://i.space.com/images/i/000/019/836/original/Einstein-cross.jpg?1343170204"
],
[
"http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/111279/how-close-does-light-have-to-be-to-orbit-a-perfect-sphere-the-size-a... | |
fxqbku | objects turn darker when wet, why do hands not turn darker when wet. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/fxqbku/eli5_objects_turn_darker_when_wet_why_do_hands/ | {
"a_id": [
"fmvstlv"
],
"score": [
12
],
"text": [
"Now I'm no water scientist or anything but the stuff that gets darker when wet is the stuff that absorbs the water, like paper towels or fabric or something. Spill some water on some plastic or metal and it doesn't get absorbed. Therefore, human... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1d3hhj | When are a human fetus's senses first activated? What effects would these "new" senses have on it? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1d3hhj/when_are_a_human_fetuss_senses_first_activated/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9nrej6"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Receptors begin to develop within the first several weeks. However, neural pathways for many of these (pain, for example) will not exist until the third trimester, with development of the thalamus. Check out results in: \n\n**DISCOVER** (*When do... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=201429"
]
] | ||
2ntosj | even if we were to figure out light speed travel how can it possibly be safe? | Like I'm sure it's impossible to get from point A to point B in space in a "straight" line without coming across an inevitable planet, asteroid, star, black hole or whatever else. You'd need some way to avoid these dangers and I'd imagine that computing that would be needed to avoid things while in light speed would be... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ntosj/eli5_even_if_we_were_to_figure_out_light_speed/ | {
"a_id": [
"cmgrubb",
"cmgs1lj",
"cmgsn69"
],
"score": [
2,
2,
3
],
"text": [
"Not an expert or anything, just a layman. Space is big. I mean BIG. it is incredibly huge. While you certainly have to calculate a given route, any collision would almost have to be a piece of space deb... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1ueeao | why can't we put windmills on things like air conditioners and cars to generate energy as they use it? | I don't mean a perpetual energy device but at least generate enough energy to put a dent in what it normally uses. Does it have to do with the drag it would add on airflow? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1ueeao/eli5_why_cant_we_put_windmills_on_things_like_air/ | {
"a_id": [
"ceh7ahw"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"Because they pull more energy out of the system than they give back. The AC unit will have to work harder to maintain the same air flow rate if there are turbines blocking its outlet.\n\nIt's always a net-loss, in a perfect, frictionless, non-co... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4s9wcc | why do individuals vomit after a concussion? | What causes someone to vomit after major head trauma? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4s9wcc/eli5_why_do_individuals_vomit_after_a_concussion/ | {
"a_id": [
"d57nl0g",
"d57ob3h"
],
"score": [
4,
3
],
"text": [
"Did you know that there is a part of the brain that controls vomitting? See: _URL_0_ \n\nWhen the brain encounters a physical shock, it is possible that this part of the brain becomes triggered. Once that happens, nausea m... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vomiting_center"
],
[]
] | |
10rxus | What language preceded Ancient Greek? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/10rxus/what_language_preceded_ancient_greek/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6gen80"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Here's a family tree of Indo-European languages.\n\n_URL_0_"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/IndoEuropeanTree.svg"
]
] | ||
2row94 | how do us government agencies "recruit" new (young) agents? | An acquaintance of mine disappeared off the face of the planet fresh out of high school. Years later I learned from his sister that the CIA recruited him right after he graduated from a small private Christian school in Sacramento. He's now in the Intelligence business doing some Jason Bourne shi* or something.
The gu... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2row94/eli5_how_do_us_government_agencies_recruit_new/ | {
"a_id": [
"cnhvzln",
"cnhyk9r",
"cni4qt4"
],
"score": [
6,
5,
2
],
"text": [
"That particular instance might have just been a family connection. His sister talked her boss into giving him a job.\n\nI do know that many government agencies (CIA, FBI, NSA) recruit people off of col... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.cia.gov/careers/"
],
[]
] |
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