q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
value | subreddit stringclasses 3
values | url stringlengths 4 132 | answers dict | title_urls list | selftext_urls list | answers_urls list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
29boqw | why is an arrow such a universal symbol for direction? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/29boqw/eli5_why_is_an_arrow_such_a_universal_symbol_for/ | {
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"score": [
17,
7,
3,
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2,
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2
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"text": [
"Is it understood by all humans? \n\nIt may relate to our ability to universally understand ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
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[],
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[]
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1b061p | Is uniformity of the CMB a de facto requirement of The Standard Model, and if so, is there a distance scale at which it must be manifest? | Layman here, hi /askscience.
I read some blurbs about the data from the Planck mission which mentioned that there are anomalies in the cosmic microwave background which don't mesh with the predictions that the universe will look basically the same in all directions. I understand the premise of the prediction (Coperni... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1b061p/is_uniformity_of_the_cmb_a_de_facto_requirement/ | {
"a_id": [
"c92cw1x"
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"score": [
2
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"text": [
"Well, I'm not a physics expert, but I do not think that it matters to the CMB radiation that the universe might be infinite. Recall why this radiation exists in the first place.\n\nAt first the universe was too dense and full of energy for photon... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
6m4e1b | How accurate is this video that explains why the Bible is true and trustworthy? | My friend is a Jehova's Witness. She says I should trust what the Bible says but I asked why or how can I trust it? and she sent me this video:
_URL_0_
I don't know much about history, so how accurate is that?? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6m4e1b/how_accurate_is_this_video_that_explains_why_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"djz75cy"
],
"score": [
10
],
"text": [
"Ok, this question is more theology and philosophy than history, but there are some historical matters, and some critical thinking, so I'll address that as much as I can and nod towards the theological and philosophical. For the record, I'm an a... | [] | [
"https://www.jw.org/en/publications/books/good-news-from-god/good-news-in-the-bible-from-god/video-bible-true/"
] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/faq/religion#wiki_the_bible",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_literary_works_by_number_of_translations"
]
] | |
osras | why is taking melatonin every night bad for you? | friends? thank you thank you. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/osras/eli5_why_is_taking_melatonin_every_night_bad_for/ | {
"a_id": [
"c3jra65"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"Your brain makes its own melatonin. Taking small amounts to shift your sleep schedule once in a while is OK, but taking large amounts consistently can stop your brain from making it normally. Also, in large quantities over time, taking melatonin ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3sy551 | how is it that i receive spam emails from names in my own address book? | I get spam addressed from people that I know. How do spammers know the names of my friends and people in my address book? Does it just mean my friends accounts are compromised, because it isn't actually coming from their accounts, instead of friendname@realemailhost.com it's coming from friendname@weirddomaininarmenia.... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3sy551/eli5_how_is_it_that_i_receive_spam_emails_from/ | {
"a_id": [
"cx1e3ed"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"You are also in their address books. \n\nSomeone hacked your friends, and spammed everyone in their address books.\n\nIt happened to me twice this week, from different friends.\n\nI know the common factor wasn't me, because I do not use an addre... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
zzmcf | Can someone explain the War of the Roses to me? | We went over it in history the other day but I still don't entirely understand it. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/zzmcf/can_someone_explain_the_war_of_the_roses_to_me/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6942yt",
"c695kux"
],
"score": [
12,
31
],
"text": [
"Whenever I come across concepts that are just confusing and I don't have the background to obtain a fuller understanding, I often check out Simple Wikipedia. As a resource, it tends to not assume that you, the reader, have... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wars_of_the_Roses"
],
[]
] | |
cslwdb | Where do commonly referenced races in mythologies originate from? | In a wide range of religious mythologies as well as fictional fantasy stories, we see references to things like elves, dwarves, fairies, dragons, orcs, goblins, trolls, centaurs, etc. Why do we see the same/similar races and creatures showing up in lots of different mythologies? It makes sense to me why we see them in ... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/cslwdb/where_do_commonly_referenced_races_in_mythologies/ | {
"a_id": [
"exh9t2x"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"First, fictional fantasy stories can be described as \"highly derivative.\" In other words, authors steal from one another like nobody's business. Tolkien invented much (although even he drew inspiration from many sources), and many fantasy autho... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
38kqdb | How were warship fleet attacks coordinated before the advent of radio communication? | We learn of the historical warship fleets like the Spanish Armada, but how were attacks using these ships coordinated? Today we have a lot of ships floating in the middle of the ocean and they can be directed to go anywhere through radio communication. Were the historical ships just always parked in the same location a... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/38kqdb/how_were_warship_fleet_attacks_coordinated_before/ | {
"a_id": [
"crvrmmq",
"crvwr49"
],
"score": [
9,
6
],
"text": [
"On the level of the individual Squadron or Fleet you would have signal flags. Which are still very much in use in every navy and every civilian vessel afloat. You could spell individual words or some flags had complex meanin... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
w9rjq | In flatland, would the 3rd dimension be time? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/w9rjq/in_flatland_would_the_3rd_dimension_be_time/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
27,
6,
7,
4
],
"text": [
"It could be. However, answer me this. \nWhat is the second and third dimension to us? Is it width and height respectively, or length and width? \nThe dimensions are arbitra... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/97"
],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-dimensional_space"
]
] | ||
1mob8g | why is uranium necessary for a nuclear weapon? | Why can't any radioactive element be used? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1mob8g/eli5_why_is_uranium_necessary_for_a_nuclear_weapon/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccb2hbw",
"ccb2mmr"
],
"score": [
4,
3
],
"text": [
"Plutonium can also be used. The material used must be radioactive enough to split fairly easily, otherwise a chain reaction is not possible.\n\nNote also that uranium has to be enriched, because the main component (U238) is... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.ap.smu.ca/demos/images/stories/Pics/Mousetrap/uranium_fission.gif"
]
] | |
7p9v7p | how do military aircraft intercept hijacked commercial planes? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7p9v7p/eli5_how_do_military_aircraft_intercept_hijacked/ | {
"a_id": [
"dsfljc8"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Former navy, we did flight ops with helos to intercept subs and track em. Intercept is kind of a blanket term. You can \"intercept\" the plane or boat and guide it to a destination of your choice but that is a gentle hand approach. Imagine two bo... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://mobile.nytimes.com/2003/10/03/us/us-practices-how-to-down-hijacked-jets.html?referer=https://www.google.com/"
]
] | ||
fx6lb | Aerodynamics Application | If dimples help golf balls fly better, why don't we put dimples on our cars' exteriors? Are there any motor companies that have researched this?
The MythBusters tried it a while ago and reported an 11% increase in efficiency. Needless to say, their testing is less than rigorous. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/fx6lb/aerodynamics_application/ | {
"a_id": [
"c1jb0jz"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Golf balls are spherical; and with dimples on them, they are begging to be spun in the air. The dimples increase the range of flight for the golf ball because of lift (and low air drag because of no flow separation). A car with dimples on it woul... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.fastskinz.com/",
"http://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/news/4316702",
"http://lexusenthusiast.com/2009/06/10/dimpled-lexus-ls-460l-to-debut-at-u-s-open/",
"http://knol.google.com/k/-/-/yvfu3xg7d7wt/8nue4f/volvocar.jpg",
"http://www.maxgladwell.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/fastski... | |
xvdl1 | What are the limiting factors for mountain size and height? | I've read several wikipedia articles and everything askscience has on the matter so far, and the research shows me this isn't a stupid question.
Are Earth's plates near optimum for mountain size? I've heard that the Himalayas are nearing the tallest a mountain can be on Earth. Are there different planets whose mounta... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/xvdl1/what_are_the_limiting_factors_for_mountain_size/ | {
"a_id": [
"c5pwmx9",
"c5pwxlk",
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"score": [
6,
8,
11
],
"text": [
"I don't know the answer to your question but you might find [Olympus Mons](_URL_0_) an interesting example of how large mountains can get on other planets. ",
"The tallest mountains on earth are no... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympus_Mons"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauna_Kea",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauna_Loa"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanga_Parbat"
]
] | |
23a7hl | How much of history is decided by so-called "great people" and how much is just the situation that creates them? | For a few examples, if Hitler never existed, would there be another right-wing extremist to take his place or could only Hitler fill that role? If Napoleon hadn't seized control of France, would another military commander have gained power in an unstable France or could only Napoleon have done so? If George Washington ... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/23a7hl/how_much_of_history_is_decided_by_socalled_great/ | {
"a_id": [
"cgv3rbo"
],
"score": [
8
],
"text": [
"What you are asking about is called [Great Man Theory](_URL_0_) and while certainly there will be preferences in academia overall for or against certain theories the truth is that it is opinion (albeit based on evidence and logic). \n\nNone can a... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Man_theory"
]
] | |
5zxrt1 | what happens if a type 1 diabetic cuts sugar from their diet? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5zxrt1/eli5_what_happens_if_a_type_1_diabetic_cuts_sugar/ | {
"a_id": [
"df1vo7h"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Long story short: they still need insulin because they literally produce none but the body can produce its own sugars, which it can't carefully regulate without insulin. \n\nSugar is the fuel for the brain, and the brain will not function without... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
4vu16w | I'm a young woman in Salem, 1692. How likely is it that I will be accused of being a witch? Who is most likely to accuse me? | Lets say 16-24 years old, land owning family of average income, and that I haven't been in any trouble in public or with the church.
1. How likely is it that I will be accused?
2. Who is most likely to accuse me?
3. What is my daily life like now that witch accusations are flying around?
4. How will my family react... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4vu16w/im_a_young_woman_in_salem_1692_how_likely_is_it/ | {
"a_id": [
"d61y1mt"
],
"score": [
7
],
"text": [
"There are a number of issues that come into play with each accusation in the Salem Witch Trials. This is my area of expertise, so I'll try not to be too wordy, but please ask if you want more detail on any area.\n\n1. Likelihood of an accusation... | [] | [] | [
[
"salem.lib.virginia.edu"
]
] | |
5ql0rb | could an identical twin get off on a technicality if we can't know that it wasn't their twin that committed a crime? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5ql0rb/eli5_could_an_identical_twin_get_off_on_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"dd037v1"
],
"score": [
8
],
"text": [
"Yes. In the U.S. and many other places juries are instructed to only vote guilty if the prosecution has shown \"beyond a reasonable doubt\" that the accused is guilty. If all of the evidence applies equally well to one twin as it does to anothe... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/explainer/2012/08/true_crime_with_twins_can_identical_twins_get_away_with_murder_.html"
]
] | ||
3z8nf7 | why is it cheaper to fly from montreal to usa's west coast or latin america than to most canadian cities? | Montreal-St Johns 488$
Montreal-Calgary 611$
Montreal-Vancouver 733$
Montreal-Winnipeg 470$
___________________________
Montreal- Great Bermuda 437$
Montreal- Seattle 417$
Montreal-San Francisco 395$
Montreal- Los Angeles 397$
Montreal-Houston 446$
Montreal-Miami 339$
Montreal Cancun 430$
Source:_URL_0_
I s... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3z8nf7/eli5why_is_it_cheaper_to_fly_from_montreal_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"cyk49xc"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"It's a function of two things: international agreements on air travel service, and the high cost of offering air travel (costs to airlines).\n\nThere is an international agreement that, among other things, ensures that only domestic carriers can ... | [] | [
"https://www.google.ca/flights/#search;f=YUL;t=YYT;d=2016-01-23;r=2016-01-27;mc=m;q=montreal+to+st+john's+newfoundland",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/pics/comments/3z5pne/the_old_battery_newfoundland_canada_after_a/"
] | [
[]
] | |
58hdsx | if we are able to run simulations and determine where planet 9's orbit is. why are we unable to locate it in the sky? | Why aren't we able to calculate it's location based on the effects we see on our solar system? If it does indeed cause the "tilt" of the sun we see, why can't we use that information to locate it? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/58hdsx/eli5_if_we_are_able_to_run_simulations_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"d90f2jo",
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"score": [
6,
3
],
"text": [
"What we have done is calculate a range of possible orbits. However we do not know where in its orbit it is. In any way it is very far away and relatively tiny at that distance. Imagine you know someone dropped a rubber duck ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
4bmbhh | the canadian federal budget 2016 | Could someone break down the budget and explain in more relatable numbers what it means for each group of Canadians? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4bmbhh/eli5_the_canadian_federal_budget_2016/ | {
"a_id": [
"d1ahh32"
],
"score": [
10
],
"text": [
"First let's look at the surplus/deficit. \n\n[Historically](_URL_3_) and [proposed future](_URL_1_). The $30B deficit is still significantly smaller than the $55B deficit in 2009. That doesn't mean it's good or bad, it just means that $30B isn't... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.tradingeconomics.com/canada/gdp-from-agriculture",
"http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/top-business-stories/analysts-on-tomorrows-budget-deficit-paranoia-is-mind-bogglingly-stupid/article29308661/",
"http://www.tradingeconomics.com/canada/government-debt-to-gdp",
"http:/... | |
nvfnr | Do electrons physically spin the way wheels and tops spin? Or does the word spin mean something different when it comes to electrons? | They say electrons can have a spin of +1/2 or -1/2. Does this number represent how the electron rotates about an axis, or does it mean something else? What do the numbers +1/2 and -1/2 mean; why couldn't they have used +1 and -1 instead? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/nvfnr/do_electrons_physically_spin_the_way_wheels_and/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
2,
43,
4,
2,
2,
2,
43,
4,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"No, not in the way that you think of a ball or... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/spin.html"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/spin.html"
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[],
[],
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] | |
nqiel | induction heating on a stove vs. a traditional gas or electric eye | I don't understand induction heating that well, and I certainly don't get why it can boil water in like 90 seconds. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/nqiel/eli5_induction_heating_on_a_stove_vs_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"c3b4r7r",
"c3b4r7r"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"I've never heard of induction stoves until now, but I think I understand the difference. With a gas or electric stove, the pot is heated through direct contact (conduction), like when your feet touch hot asphalt. The gas sto... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule_heating",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday's_law_of_induction"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joule_heating",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday's_law_of_induction"
]
] | |
d9erdl | why is it ok to shake spray deodorant but no canned air? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/d9erdl/eli5_why_is_it_ok_to_shake_spray_deodorant_but_no/ | {
"a_id": [
"f1gpfos"
],
"score": [
13
],
"text": [
"Normal aerosol cans contain both the desired product (deodorant, paint, etc.) and a pressurised gas that acts as a propellant. If you let the cans sit for a while, these two things will separate out, and if you press the nozzle you'll just get ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
86dz1k | what is a difference between red, blue and green laser? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/86dz1k/eli5_what_is_a_difference_between_red_blue_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"dw4ai4z",
"dw4akbu",
"dw4hklh"
],
"score": [
4,
5,
2
],
"text": [
"When light travels it travels like a wave going up and down. The number of times it does this in a second is called it's frequency. The visible spectrum of colour we can actually see is actually quite s... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
4igy31 | This is my grandmother during World War 2 in her Nazi uniform. Can you tell by her military uniform, what her role was during the war? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4igy31/this_is_my_grandmother_during_world_war_2_in_her/ | {
"a_id": [
"d2y09a5"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"There is very little to go on with her uniform since its only partially shown, but based on your mother mentioning batteries, she may have been a Luftwaffenhelferinn, who were auxiliaries of the Luftwaffe and manned flak guns and searchlights in ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://imgur.com/KWqmM0b"
]
] | ||
5i7vw2 | the difference between yellow journalism and fake news. | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5i7vw2/eli5_the_difference_between_yellow_journalism_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"db63ev4"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"The purpose of yellow journalism is to sell news through exaggeration and sensationalism. It focuses on scandals a rumors, and hides behind inaccuracy behind poor research. It relies on misleading headlines, unqualified experts, pseudoscience, ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3wcfsa | is the music on record vinyls altered in any way to compensate for the difference in speed between the outer and inner part of the vinyl? if so, how? | I was thinking about this [C & H comic](_URL_0_) for god knows what reason last night when I was going to bed and this question came to mind. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3wcfsa/eli5_is_the_music_on_record_vinyls_altered_in_any/ | {
"a_id": [
"cxv4q2z",
"cxv5i1x"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Yes.\n\nFirst, how do a vinyl record work? Prior to first, how does sound work? Sound is a wave. More waves (higher frequency) reaching your ear make for a higher-pitched sound, less waves make for a lower pitch. Stronger an... | [] | [
"http://i.imgur.com/J0fpiJ5.jpg"
] | [
[
"http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/jul14/articles/qa-0714-02.htm",
"http://i.imgur.com/D9EPIe8.png"
],
[]
] | |
3nmq06 | Why are sound waves sinusoidal? | Or what dictates the shape of sound waves? Or the pattern of mechanical vibration that makes up the sound.
I was just reading about Fourier analysis and never really questioned the shape of pure tone sound waves before. I saw read about different shaped waves, but this seems to be a result of adding multiple sine wave... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3nmq06/why_are_sound_waves_sinusoidal/ | {
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5,
3,
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"text": [
"You can get any function (as long as you don't do crazy things like infinite numbers of discontinuities, and often even then) by adding together sine waves. Sometimes it's useful t... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/Onde_compression_impulsion_1d_30_petit.gif"
],
[
"http://web.stanford.edu/class/math220a/handouts/waveequation2.pdf",
"http://what-when-how.com/neuroscience/auditory-and-vestibular-systems-sensory-system-part-2/",
"https://en.wik... | |
2ou1ox | how do television channels work? in fiber optics or traditional cable, how does the tv differentiate between different channels? | If the information all comes through a single wire, how does the television set pick out only the channel that you're watching? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ou1ox/eli5_how_do_television_channels_work_in_fiber/ | {
"a_id": [
"cmqij1b",
"cmqj133"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Different channels get carried on different frequencies (just like how AM/FM radio stations have different radio frequencies). Your TV/cable-box tunes into the frequency that the station is being broadcast on, hence your TV/... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1pdr83 | Did pirates ever attack/siege settlements or did they pretty much exclusively prey on shipping lanes? | Did pirates ever attack/siege settlements, anything from a small village up to a city/fortrees, or did they pretty much exclusively prey on shipping lanes? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1pdr83/did_pirates_ever_attacksiege_settlements_or_did/ | {
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"Uh, yes. All the time.\n\nSome of the greatest events in the history of the Caribbean were \"pirates\" attacking settlements. You have Morgan at Maricaibo/Gibraltar (a raid so devastating it essentially reduced Gibraltar ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
6ubjfs | What did Anglo-Saxon Briton's international relations look like? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6ubjfs/what_did_anglosaxon_britons_international/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"This is a question where the answer really depends on the period. Between Augustine's mission to Canterbury in 596 and the Norman Conquest of 1066, Anglo-Saxon England evolves from dozens of petty kingdoms, down to 5 major kingdoms by the mid-nin... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1dty78 | If a small object is in orbit of a larger object, will the smaller object crash into the large object eventually? | There is no debris of any size in this hypothetical. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1dty78/if_a_small_object_is_in_orbit_of_a_larger_object/ | {
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"text": [
"If the two are in an isolated orbit with no external perturbations, the orbit will still decay over a very long time due to gravitational radiation.",
"[Roche radius](_URL_0_) all up in here. In the radius- collision. Ou... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roche_limit"
]
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1r7dv9 | why are scorpions arachnids and not decapods? | A scorpion has 8 legs, but also 2 arms with claws for a total of 10 limbs. A crab has 8 legs and 2 arms with claws, totaling 10 limbs. Why is one an arachnid and the other a decapod? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1r7dv9/why_are_scorpions_arachnids_and_not_decapods/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The claws on a scorpion are called pedipalps. They are like the \"feelers\" of a spider. Some spiders have long pedipapls as well, and looks like they have ten legs. This is very different compared to a crab claw which is classified as a pinoer o... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
aw4j58 | what's the whole problem surrounding captain marvel? why was it receiving bad reviews before even premiering? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/aw4j58/eli5_whats_the_whole_problem_surrounding_captain/ | {
"a_id": [
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"There is a rating system to build hype. The “if you want to see this” button. People were abusing the button and making it look pretty negative. At the same time things were updated to make sure movies couldn’t be negatively effected before relea... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
16g9ro | Could we be leaving bacteria on the moon with the potential to survive and evolve? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/16g9ro/could_we_be_leaving_bacteria_on_the_moon_with_the/ | {
"a_id": [
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"It's possible that some bacteria has been to the Moon and back via Surveyor 3 (a Lunar probe), as it was collected by Apollo 12 and returned to Earth. During analysis *Streptococcus mitis* was found in the probe's camera. It could have potential... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://ijs.sgmjournals.org/content/56/8/1735.full.pdf?CFID=889570&CFTOKEN=73254589",
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20060115235017/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,2089-1697332,00.html"
]
] | ||
1ww3jb | why don't vegans eat eggs. | I understand that they don't want to take advantage of animals but chickens lay eggs periodically and if they're not fertilized and you don't eat them they'll just go to waste.
Edit: I feel like I have to emphasize the humane options when it comes to raising animals like free range or even raising your own hens. I und... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1ww3jb/eli5_why_dont_vegans_eat_eggs/ | {
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"You could make the same argument about things ... | [] | [] | [
[],
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[],
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e1zkzc | why does phosphorus encourage algae blooms? | I know that the presence of phosphorus encourages algae blooms, but what is the science behind that? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/e1zkzc/eli5_why_does_phosphorus_encourage_algae_blooms/ | {
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"text": [
"It's a powerful fertilizer, which is why farmers spread it on their fields. Most plants, including algae, are normally constrained in their total growth by how much phosphorus is available to them.",
... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://youtu.be/gGDWsZNrF-8"
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[]
] | |
ijp8w | If a parent's DNA is damaged after birth, will the DNA passed onto offspring contain similar damage? | Example: my grandfather had heart problems brought about by a virus that he contracted when he was young, and as a result had a series of heart attacks. Is there a chance the DNA that he passed onto my mother, and then myself, has mutated so that we are at a higher risk for heart problems? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ijp8w/if_a_parents_dna_is_damaged_after_birth_will_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"c24aohx"
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"text": [
"Depends where the damage occurs. Even before birth only DNA damage that occurs in your parents gametes (reproductive cells) may be passed down to offspring. Any other DNA damage to all other cells do not affect the offspring (not counting for any... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
20x4lt | why $1,000 is called a "grand". | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/20x4lt/eli5_why_1000_is_called_a_grand/ | {
"a_id": [
"cg7jh3z"
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"text": [
"There was a time when the $1,000 bill was the largest denomination. Around this time is when the word 'grand' was being used to describe large things 'grandprize', 'grandslam'. So the largest bill became known as a grand.\n\n_URL_0_ \n\n_URL_1... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.word-detective.com/2008/04/grand-one-thousand/",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_denominations_of_United_States_currency"
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aql4o2 | why do large towels tend to have a seam that's 3/16ths away from the end? why have the seam at all? and why put it where its at? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/aql4o2/eli5_why_do_large_towels_tend_to_have_a_seam/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"It helps hold the end of the towel together. The extra structure keeps it from unraveling."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
6lzum9 | Good books for learning about scientific thought in The Dark Ages? | So I'm aware that visuals such as [this](_URL_0_) are a bit misleading, to say the least, but I don't actually know enough to really dispute them. I've been meaning to rectify that, and a book I was eyeing was *God's Philosophers by James Hannam*, but upon reading [this article](_URL_1_), I've been left wondering if th... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6lzum9/good_books_for_learning_about_scientific_thought/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"You'll hopefully find some good suggestions in the ['History of Science And Technology' section of our Books and Resources list.](_URL_0_) \n\n*God's Philosophers* by James Hannam is on that list - it's solid history. Which is not to say it's unb... | [] | [
"http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-T-X_AOZSfuI/VFinnF-F2CI/AAAAAAAAB8o/k2jnfZ1TinA/s1600/christian%2Bdark%2Bages%2Bmyth%2Bgraph.jpg",
"https://newhumanist.org.uk/articles/2416/why-gods-philosophers-did-not-deserve-to-be-shortlisted-for-the-royal-society-prize"
] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/books/culturalhistory#wiki_history_of_science_and_technology"
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] | |
bgwbx5 | how do mobile chipset manufacturers achieve incremental performance improvement year after year? | What do they improve and how do they do that ? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bgwbx5/eli5_how_do_mobile_chipset_manufacturers_achieve/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"big upgrades include transistor size where you go from 14nm to 10nm etc. Right now on mobile phones, flagship androids that came out this year and the iPhone from last year use 7nm transistor size. The smaller the transistor, the more transistors... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1ij76m | How powerful of a blast would be needed to stop an F4 tornado assuming it could be detonated in the center at any height? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1ij76m/how_powerful_of_a_blast_would_be_needed_to_stop/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Any explosion powerful enough to disrupt a tornado will do much more damage than the tornado itself. [I've done some rough calculation in the past](_URL_1_), and it turns out a moderate (2.4 Megaton) blast could probably disrupt a tornadic superc... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://nuclearsecrecy.com/nukemap/classic/?lat=35.3395079&lng=-97.48670279999999&zm=10&kt=2400",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/10eoiv/how_big_of_a_nuclear_bomb_would_be_needed_to/c6czqe5?context=3"
]
] | ||
2jkf69 | dark circles/bags under eyes? | How/why does one get dark circles or bags under their eyes? Is this permanent?
FYI late night runescape marathons over the summer caused me to get some lmao. They've never went away | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2jkf69/eli5_dark_circlesbags_under_eyes/ | {
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"text": [
"Fatigue can cause dark circles, but for those of us who always have them, vitamin K is effective -- but not perfect. \n\nOn the fatigue side, some good sleep and lots of water will help. \n\nBags are mild swelling or puffiness under the eyes whic... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1u5ery | when i'm passing urine, why does it froth some of the time but not others? this is into water without any cleaning products in it. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1u5ery/eli5_when_im_passing_urine_why_does_it_froth_some/ | {
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"text": [
"The froth is from the amount of protein in your urine. The times you will most notice this is in the morning when the content is highest. ",
"The timing of the froth will probably coincide with any meals you have eaten w... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1rkkaj | how can we distinguish older movies from newer movies that look like older movies? | In other words, how can we know that movies by Charlie Chaplin were made in the 20s and yet we know that The Artist was made recently? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1rkkaj/how_can_we_distinguish_older_movies_from_newer/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
2
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"text": [
"Mostly by film stock/optics. A film enthusiast just can \"tell\".\n\nAlso by costumes. Period films can subtly seem contrived."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3oo10m | what are the pros and cons that have occurred due to the legalization of marijuana in colorado and other states? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3oo10m/eli5_what_are_the_pros_and_cons_that_have/ | {
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"text": [
"Citations or links to studies that back up your claims are always appreciated.",
"The only negative really is a sense of nostalgia for the adventures that you'd have to go on to get weed during the some of the dry times... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=d0PJfUpaKu8"
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1nsgqg | why causes long wait times in the er? what can be done to shorten wait times? is this bad for patients? | I went to the ER for a friend. The wait times was ~8 hours, and many patients looked like they were waiting in pain (although the triage desk gives priority to the urgent cases). However, at another hospital about 5 miles away, the waiting time is ~2 hours. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1nsgqg/eli5_why_causes_long_wait_times_in_the_er_what/ | {
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"text": [
"It's called triage. As each person arrives they are assessed and then put into the queue. Just because they arrived last doesn't mean they get seen last. If they're the next wor... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
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2n6o22 | are humans the only animals (with similar sleep patterns) that get groggy in the mornings? if so, why? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2n6o22/eli5_are_humans_the_only_animals_with_similar/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Dogs get groggy. Mine's a real jerk until he's had his morning cup of coffee.",
"I'm by no means an expert, but many people believe that our morning sleepiness is due to the human lifestyle rather than just being human. ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
5jegaa | Why does pyelonephritis(kidneys infection) causes mental confusion? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/5jegaa/why_does_pyelonephritiskidneys_infection_causes/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The main reason is because the kidneys are made to filter out compounds that are toxic to other organ systems, including the brain. The main one of clinical importance is urea, a byproduct of protein metabolism. This is what is measured in a BU... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uremia"
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8xgxxz | how does eye black work? | You know, the strip of black that a lot of baseball players put below their eyes I order to prevent the sun from being as bright in their eyes. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8xgxxz/eli5_how_does_eye_black_work/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Less light reflects off of black than lighter shades like skin tone. Combined with our tendency to sweat (and make our cheeks even more reflective), an unpainted cheek can push a lot of unwanted sunlight into your eye.\n\nMatte black strip fixes ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4gk9g3 | I can throw a baseball a lot further than a ping pong ball. I cannot throw a bowling ball nearly as far as a baseball. Is there an "optimal" mass or mass to diameter ratio for a ball to throw it as far as possible? | I'm assuming a perfect sphere here, so you can ignore modifiers like dimples on a golf ball. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4gk9g3/i_can_throw_a_baseball_a_lot_further_than_a_ping/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"There are a lot of details which this answer will not contain, but this will give you the tools to start thinking about the question. \n\nThe reason you can't throw a ping pong ball very far is that it is that the force of the air resistance caus... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
z8qcx | Meat pulls away from bone when done cooking, how? | I just have no idea how that works.
EDIT: Thanks, guys! Just what I needed. :) | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/z8qcx/meat_pulls_away_from_bone_when_done_cooking_how/ | {
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"text": [
"The connective tissue that connects the bone to the meat dissolves around the same temeperature as when the meat is fully cooked."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1pzn4n | If light could instantly reach it's destination, what would we see? | Instant light travel would deconstruct scientific laws which hold the universe together, I just used it for visualization purposes. To narrow down my question a little more; what would we see when looking up at the stars, *if* we could observe light instantly, no matter how far away it is being produced? When we view g... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1pzn4n/if_light_could_instantly_reach_its_destination/ | {
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"It is moot to discuss this since it's a fundamental property of the universe, that mass-less particles travel at c. \n\nTo propose a hypothetical situation where light could travel at greather speeds than the speed of light ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachyonic_antitelephone"
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754lj3 | in america, why are some counties in the midwest squares? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/754lj3/eli5_in_america_why_are_some_counties_in_the/ | {
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"lacking any natural bounderies like lakes, rivers, mountains, ect. and lacking notable demographic trends that might lead to funky ger... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Land_Survey_System"
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[]
] | ||
b66q95 | What determines how large (or small) the flame on the wick of a lit candle is? | While watching a new candle burn on a desk across from me, I noticed that its flame reaches higher than the previous candle I had. I thought it might be the length of the exposed wick, but that’s about the same as the other one.
I’m also thinking about how bunsen burners have higher flames when you burn more gas, but... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/b66q95/what_determines_how_large_or_small_the_flame_on/ | {
"a_id": [
"ejjnd9o"
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"text": [
"Fire needs three things: an ignition source, oxygen and fuel. Once it's lit, the size of the flame is determined by the ratio of oxygen to fuel it has access to. A bunsen burner has a bigger flame because (1) it's burning pressurized gas, and (2)... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3l3hab | do transgender people who have had sex reassignment surgery feel pleasure during sexual intercourse the same way that people born that sex would? | To rephrase, is a brain that is accustomed to sensation caused by the genitalia of one sex capable of processing sensations from the genitalia of the other? Even if nerves are left largely intact during the surgery, I'd have to imagine that nerves in the penis and nerves in the vagina aren't quite the same, right? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3l3hab/eli5_do_transgender_people_who_have_had_sex/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Yes, they feel pleasure. Whether or not they feel pleasure the same way people born that sex would is impossible to answer. It's hard enough to even find two people of the same sex that feel sexual pleasure the same way, o... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
4a9r14 | why do people [write] like this in some articles and posts? | I've seen this in several places but i have no idea why or what it means when people put certain words [in] these brackets?
Bear in mind I'm not a native english speaker | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4a9r14/eli5_why_do_people_write_like_this_in_some/ | {
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"The words in bracket... | [] | [] | [
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"https://www.reddit.com/r/NoSillySuffix/comments/4a8av7/winter_the_blue_moment_levi_finland/",
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3kjn6b | when my computer is running slow, what is actually occurring? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3kjn6b/eli5_when_my_computer_is_running_slow_what_is/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"A number of things can affect computer performance. You can have the hardware running slow (due to malfuntion, overheating, lack of stable power etc.), additional programs/actions being used by the computer at the same time (virus scans, download... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
bsc7y9 | how bonds and interest rates and bonds and stocks are related | I'm pretty okay at basic investing in stocks, but it's hard for me to understand how bonds work. How do changes in interest rates (Fed rate?) affect bonds and why? Why do bonds and stocks generally have an inverse relationship?
Bonus upvotes if you also explain like I'm 21. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bsc7y9/eli5_how_bonds_and_interest_rates_and_bonds_and/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Stocks typically have higher rates of return than bonds. But bonds are much less risk. So there risk /reward trade off made by investors when they choose to invest their money. As interest rates rise, there are investors who are willing to flip f... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
asl4zk | why aren’t we allowed to lower the salaries of politicians? so that we can be sure that they are running not for money but because they really want to serve? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/asl4zk/eli5_why_arent_we_allowed_to_lower_the_salaries/ | {
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"Mostly because it would become a tool to con... | [] | [] | [
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[]
] | ||
2jmueo | why are some companies able to directly compare their products to their competitors' whereas others use terms like "leading brand?" | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2jmueo/eli5_why_are_some_companies_able_to_directly/ | {
"a_id": [
"cld5692",
"cld5s46"
],
"score": [
3,
3
],
"text": [
"depends on the industry. if an industry has a clear leader, one that people buy because they know the name, then that's what other companies compare their product too. but it doesn't do much good to say we're better than one... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
13ryfe | Soviet Space Program | I was wondering what caused the decline of the soviet space program? From my understanding the Soviets dominated the early developments in the space race so how did they fall behind so rapidly after the Americans beat them to the moon? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13ryfe/soviet_space_program/ | {
"a_id": [
"c76nar7"
],
"score": [
13
],
"text": [
"I think the premise of the question is misleading. Other than being beaten to the Moon, the Soviet space program didn't really decline \"so rapidly\". The Soviets continued to send probes that landed on the surface of Mars and Venus. The USSR wa... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
u2ifa | In the split second before someone is about to collide with another moving vehicle, would it be more beneficial for them to tighten their muscles, or relax them? | Hypothetically, if someone is driving through an intersection in their vehicle and is wearing their seatbelt, and they are going anywhere from 30-60 MPH, and they see another vehicle run a red light, and it is going the same speed as they are, assuming there is no chance to stop or avoid the collision, would they have ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/u2ifa/in_the_split_second_before_someone_is_about_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"c4rrk8u"
],
"score": [
24
],
"text": [
"[Drunk ~~drivers~~ trauma victims have a higher rate of survival than their sober counterparts](_URL_0_). It's possible that the alcohol-induced relaxation may help survivorship during that trauma, though as far as I'm aware, that idea is still ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode.cfm?id=odds-favor-drunk-trauma-victims-09-10-01"
]
] | |
54y13e | how are video games optimized for hardware? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/54y13e/eli5_how_are_video_games_optimized_for_hardware/ | {
"a_id": [
"d85wcll"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Regarding console to PC, you have to remember that consoles run very little in the background, they have their emulation software and that's it. \nPC's run a hundred different little processes and programs constantly, just to stay running. Then y... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
48shlu | Egyptian and Inca cultures never met? | _URL_0_
There seems to be plenty of similarities between these two ancient civilizations.
It's common belief that it was Christopher Columbus or the Vikings that first crossed the oceans... and that people evolved from cavemen at different places around the world.
Yet these primitive ancient people built pyramids... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/48shlu/egyptian_and_inca_cultures_never_met/ | {
"a_id": [
"d0m56cs",
"d0m6vm9"
],
"score": [
14,
34
],
"text": [
"Most of what that article is pointing to are artifacts of the Incan Empire, not the pre-Inca cultures. The empire was founded in 1438 by Pachacuti, about 3 millennia after the pyramid of Khufu. There is no way that these... | [] | [
"http://humansarefree.com/2013/12/the-amazing-connections-between-inaca.html"
] | [
[],
[
"http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/1995/03/chinchorro-mummies/arriaza-text",
"https://jaspasjourney.files.wordpress.com/2015/06/img_2795.jpg"
]
] | |
1jomyr | why / what incentive do girls have to post their pics on /r/gonewild? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1jomyr/eli5_why_what_incentive_do_girls_have_to_post/ | {
"a_id": [
"cbgr0ea",
"cbgrfuk",
"cbgrlfa",
"cbgsb00",
"cbgvatq",
"cbgxm4g",
"cbh2no3"
],
"score": [
5,
9,
6,
125,
17,
7,
5
],
"text": [
"curiosity, experimenting, the lulz, it is not their picture...",
"Advertising. Also, on my throwaway I do i... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_dimorphism",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender"
],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
7fy509 | Did Charlemagne commit a genocide against the Saxons? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7fy509/did_charlemagne_commit_a_genocide_against_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"dqgmw7y"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"It is extremely hard to apply modern notions of war crimes like genocide to the pre-modern world. While there have existed behaviors that were condemned as outside the \"normal\" scope of war since time immemorial, there has rarely ever been an ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/74atdd/how_devastating_really_was_william_the_conquerors/"
]
] | ||
21ngyz | how did simply browsing webpages infect your computer with malware? can they still do that with today's modern browsers? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/21ngyz/eli5_how_did_simply_browsing_webpages_infect_your/ | {
"a_id": [
"cgequ8h",
"cgeqwmg",
"cgerd7l",
"cges34k",
"cgesgao",
"cgevvjn"
],
"score": [
21,
6,
3,
2,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Through security faults in software you are using, that software could be the browser, a plugin like flash or java, or even the OS itse... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.mozilla.org/security/announce/2012/mfsa2012-92.html"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://winhelp2002.mvps.org/hosts.htm"
]
] | ||
8v5vd4 | is plastic pollution still a problem if i properly dispose/incinerate all my trash? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8v5vd4/eli5_is_plastic_pollution_still_a_problem_if_i/ | {
"a_id": [
"e1kriv5",
"e1ksnj7",
"e1ktla8",
"e1kvbqi"
],
"score": [
15,
2,
2,
5
],
"text": [
"Incineration generates a ton of air pollution or toxic waste so I’m not sure if that can be considered a solution or “proper”",
"Beyond just waste, creation of plastics involv... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
3ubocj | Why can gold and aluminum actually bond? | I'm pretty sure it's not an alloy, as alloys tend to have similar colors and not be very purple. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3ubocj/why_can_gold_and_aluminum_actually_bond/ | {
"a_id": [
"cxepvj3"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"I will not be able to answer the question completely as I am not that deep into theoretical chemistry but I will try to clarify things a bit. \n \nThe definition of an alloy is very broad and will vary depending on who you ask so I will use two... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
676wn3 | why are prescription narcotics frequently cited as a major contributor in the opioid crisis when they only make up 34% of pharmaceutical-related er visits and just 17% of all drug-related er visits? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/676wn3/eli5_why_are_prescription_narcotics_frequently/ | {
"a_id": [
"dgo71n4",
"dgoijet"
],
"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"People are given prescriptions for problems, but then develop dependencies on them. When they can't afford the prescriptions anymore they often turn to cheaper alternatives. The cheaper the alternative, the potentially more ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1oo987 | Was there ever a "war" between Native American tribes before European settlement? | I've always wondered this. I know that Native American tribes were not as peaceful to each other as some people like to believe, but was there ever a conflict that was so large that you could call it a war? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1oo987/was_there_ever_a_war_between_native_american/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccu4fpe",
"ccu4mo8"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Archaeologists and Anthropologists who studied the Mayan Civilization of Central America, used to think that the Maya were peaceable people who built their pyramid cities, studied the stars and the calendar, maintained trade... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://latinamericanhistory.about.com/od/Maya/p/The-Ancient-Maya-War-And-Warfare.htm",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_script"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesuit_Relations"
]
] | |
115fc4 | What is “personality” and how does it differ from a “personality disorder”? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/115fc4/what_is_personality_and_how_does_it_differ_from_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6jijn6",
"c6jo41l"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"The definition of when a personality becomes 'disordered' is a social construct. There is no accurate yardstick, and often the diagnosis is highly subjective with psychiatrists disagreeing about cases.\n\nGenerally disorder... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
36hm7y | Why did Pakistan launch a geonocidal campaign against the Bangladeshis? Wernt they West Pakistan at the time? their "people", as well as being majority Muslim. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/36hm7y/why_did_pakistan_launch_a_geonocidal_campaign/ | {
"a_id": [
"crehbhy"
],
"score": [
9
],
"text": [
"I think you mean \"East Pakistan,\" but nevertheless the reasons for the war were numerous. Bengalis actually comprised the majority of the Pakistani population at that time, but they were being treated more or less like a colony by West Pakistan... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
ku70r | How easy it is to weld metals in space/vacuum? | If I understand correctly, metal bonds form very easily. The reason why metal objects don't get stuck to each other on earth is the oxidation layer that forms on the metal surfaces almost instantly.
If we have have two very smooth metal surfaces and we remove their oxidation layers, could we just press them together... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ku70r/how_easy_it_is_to_weld_metals_in_spacevacuum/ | {
"a_id": [
"c2n8ymn",
"c2n8zyx",
"c2n8ymn",
"c2n8zyx"
],
"score": [
11,
11,
11,
11
],
"text": [
"Just to get you started, this is a real phenomenon known as [cold welding](_URL_0_).\n",
"Turns out (follow the references on [this page](_URL_1_)) that metals *can* weld i... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_welding#In_space"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welding#Unusual_conditions",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vacuum_cementing"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_welding#In_space"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welding#Unusual_conditio... | |
4noifr | Suppose you throw a coin an infinite amount of times. What are the chances that an infinite streak of heads is going to come up? | My intuition says that it would be a 100% chance, but then, it would also mean there's also a 100% chance of an infinite streak of tails, and those two couldn't be both true at the same time... Could they? Would it actually be a 50/50 chance for both of them then? I really have no idea. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4noifr/suppose_you_throw_a_coin_an_infinite_amount_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"d45sn5a",
"d45v73y",
"d45y0h3"
],
"score": [
9,
4,
6
],
"text": [
"1. If at any point an infinite streak of heads starts, then that's all that happens for the rest of the coin flips, according to the typical meaning of doing \"infinitely many repetitions\" of something... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisoners_and_hats_puzzle#Countably_Infinite-Hat_Variant_without_Hearing",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncountable_set",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordinal_number",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolmogorov%27s_zero%E2%80%93one_law"
],
[],
[
"http://... | |
2ibm1m | how do countries get themselves out of debt? is it possible for a country to achieve zero debt? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ibm1m/eli5_how_do_countries_get_themselves_out_of_debt/ | {
"a_id": [
"cl0n1ec",
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"cl0vk71",
"cl10x83"
],
"score": [
23,
15,
3,
12,
3,
7,
3
],
"text": [
"The easiest way is just to declare all previous debts null and void. As countries with masses of people with gu... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://history.state.gov/milestones/1784-1800/loans"
],
[]
] | ||
4kbbag | Why did king Charles IX order the killing of Huguenot leaders? | It just seems like such an odd reversal. The king and his mother had clearly been putting a fair amount of effort into making peace with protestant leaders, what with marrying Margaret to Henry of Navarre, and Charles IX's attempts to pacify Coligny.
So why did the king and company suddenly change their minds and deci... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4kbbag/why_did_king_charles_ix_order_the_killing_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"d3e00vk"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"You are right to see that there is something *odd* in Charles IX's decision to have the Huguenot leaders killed. \n\nThe first attempt to kill Coligny ( the one that only wounded him, on the 22nd of August ) is more than likely not on the hands o... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/EarlyModernEurope/comments/4hu3ey/catherine_de_medici_and_st_bartholomews_day/d367zxs"
]
] | |
23ja4a | Is it possible to perform not an organ transplant surgery, but an organ implant surgery? | Ethical complications aside, is it possible to implant an organ, say an additional heart or lung, into a human body? Assuming there were enough space within the torso and the organ were grown from their stem cells so it would be guaranteed to be accepted, would a patient survive this surgery and what benefits would the... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/23ja4a/is_it_possible_to_perform_not_an_organ_transplant/ | {
"a_id": [
"cgxl2y1"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"Strictly speaking, we already do implants! Kidney transplants usually just leave the original failing kidney in place, leaving patients with an awesome 3 kidneys. Though not stem cells, artificial hearts have been implanted to replace a failed he... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1voqg0 | is it better to hold in your pee, or is it better to pee at the first signal? | People told me it is better to keep it in, so that the bladder stretches for the next time. Is this true?
Bonus question: How come I can keep a minute's worth of pee when I wake up in the morning, but later in the day I need to pee for five seconds worth? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1voqg0/eli5_is_it_better_to_hold_in_your_pee_or_is_it/ | {
"a_id": [
"ceueoph"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Always making a habit of holding it when you really have to go pee helps the formation of kidney stones in the long run. I wouldn't recommend it. When you have to go, the best thing to do is go."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1wlkau | What led to Bloody Kansas? | What led to Bloody Kansas?
How bloody was bloody kansas?
When did the violence subside? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1wlkau/what_led_to_bloody_kansas/ | {
"a_id": [
"cf3dqhr"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Bleeding Kansas came about as a result of the 1854 Nebraska-Kansas Act. This invalidated the previous Missouri Compromise, which had made all new states admitted to the Union either slave or free, depending on whether they fell above or below the... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
33cv4o | why does rewinding feels slow and choppy when you connect a multimedia hard drive / usb to a tv, but doing fast forward is quick and neat? isn't all zeros and ones in either direction? | I sticked a USB into my tv and rewinded the video a little bit, it was choppy and slow but ff is clearer and quicker... How is it possible? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/33cv4o/eli5why_does_rewinding_feels_slow_and_choppy_when/ | {
"a_id": [
"cqjnaq3"
],
"score": [
16
],
"text": [
"Video files are compressed using a technique that involves \"keyframes\" and \"deltas\". In a nutshell, the video starts with an image of the entire scene. This is called a keyframe. But then the next frame will only show the things that have... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1covfo | Is there a limit to the trauma the body can endure where it can no longer heal? | In the photos of the young man that had his leg blown off, there appears to be a substantial amount of damaged bone and tissue remaining in the calf area. News reports indicate that doctors had to amputate most of the leg below the knee.
Is this because of the risk of infection with such a substantial wound or is th... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1covfo/is_there_a_limit_to_the_trauma_the_body_can/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9iokdu",
"c9ir9so",
"c9isdxi",
"c9ivofh"
],
"score": [
39,
47,
24,
11
],
"text": [
"Doctors will try to fold muscle and skin over the amputation to provide a more functional stump that can support the patient's weight and let them use a prosthetic limb as pain... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disseminated_intravascular_coagulation"
]
] | |
1s6yr4 | Which country was more instrumental in defeating Nazi Germany, the US or Russia? | I've seen this debate throughout both the internet and the classroom, but which nation really had the biggest impact?
Also, which nation had the greatest impact on the outcome of the war as a whole? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1s6yr4/which_country_was_more_instrumental_in_defeating/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdulxkh"
],
"score": [
12
],
"text": [
"History is not Call of Duty, where at the end of the fun everyone's scores are neatly laid out for your viewing pleasure. \n\nThis stupid debate retains its popularity, like all stupid debates, precisely because there is real no answer to this d... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Turing"
]
] | |
2rmqrw | why do 'bad children' get gifted coal? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2rmqrw/eli5_why_do_bad_children_get_gifted_coal/ | {
"a_id": [
"cnha75e"
],
"score": [
12
],
"text": [
"Santa has always been linked to coal. St Nick comes down the chimney, trudging sooted footprints on the carpet and leaving gifts in stockings on the mantle. \n\nTwo ideas seem to go around.\n\nFirstly it seems to be that santa wouldn't bother ev... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
7tw8ud | birth control pills say to use a secondary form of prevention if you miss a day. why is this, when most pills have a whole week of placebo pills? how is skipping a day make it ineffective when you skip 7 days at the end of your pack? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7tw8ud/eli5_birth_control_pills_say_to_use_a_secondary/ | {
"a_id": [
"dtfp0h2",
"dtfqzg4"
],
"score": [
12,
3
],
"text": [
"The placebo pills are meant to line up with your period - they allow your body to return to its normal cycle to allow the period to happen normally. Since you were taking the pill beforehand, ovulation never happened, whic... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
a44vfo | if you paint a spacecraft with 'super-black' paint, would it be invisible (from earth)? | Seems like even tiny objects (e.g. ISS) are relatively bright in the night sky. If you were to paint a spacecraft with super black paint, would it be invisible to the naked eye from earth? ref: _URL_0_ | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/a44vfo/eli5_if_you_paint_a_spacecraft_with_superblack/ | {
"a_id": [
"ebbic1a",
"ebbitft",
"ebbz663",
"ebcovve"
],
"score": [
4,
8,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Yes, unless it happens to pass in front of the sun or moon, so it would silhouette against it.",
"Downside - painting it super black will cause it to absorb more sunlight, maki... | [] | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_black"
] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/phenomena/2015/04/24/when-hubble-stared-at-nothing-for-100-hours/",
"http://www.projectrho.com/public_html/rocket/spacewardetect.php#id--Strategic_Combat_Sensors--There_Ain't_No_Stealth_In_Space"
]
] | |
12p6bs | How did modern western civilizations morals/ethics originate? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/12p6bs/how_did_modern_western_civilizations_moralsethics/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6x6qwr"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Greek philosophy, Roman law, Judaism, Christianity, Age of Enlightenment..."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
232fwl | Why are East Asian countries ethnically homogenous? | A quick search found that the populations of China, Japan, and South Korea, are all very homogenous, with nearly 90% of the population being the same ethnic group. Why is this so? Doing further research, I've found that travel between the Japanese Archipelago, Korean Peninsula, and Chinese Mainland occurred often enoug... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/232fwl/why_are_east_asian_countries_ethnically_homogenous/ | {
"a_id": [
"cgsrxch",
"cgssx0j"
],
"score": [
52,
3
],
"text": [
" > Why are East Asian countries ethnically homogenous?\n\n**Short answer / TL;DR** — They aren't.\n\n**Longer answer** — I can't speak for Japan, but at least in China, the number that are being reported are not accurate. T... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
64sjwj | why do police officers who break the law and abuse their power get "placed on leave" and not fired? when their is clear empirical evidence. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/64sjwj/eli5_why_do_police_officers_who_break_the_law_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"dg4njkm",
"dg4pz4r"
],
"score": [
9,
2
],
"text": [
"They are effectively suspended while the investigation happens. Would you like to be immediately fired if you did something wrong at your job and have no investigation? They are people too and entitled to the same rights whe... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
a0mof9 | how is water/waste recycle in a space station environment? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/a0mof9/eli5_how_is_waterwaste_recycle_in_a_space_station/ | {
"a_id": [
"eaivg8v"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Urine can be filtered and purified to be drinkable again. \n\n Solid waste on the ISS at least is usually stored in waste tanks and later studied when it's returned to earth with the astronauts. \n\n \n\n "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
4i0uwy | what are we doing to preserve data for future generations-- thousands of years down the road-- to make new discoveries that build on our research? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4i0uwy/eli5what_are_we_doing_to_preserve_data_for_future/ | {
"a_id": [
"d2u10t2"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"The digital media which we store data on may have a lower life span than a stone tablet, but we aren't just leaving it around to decay. Future astronomers will presumably be able to reference historical data which was copied from hard drive to fl... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
17uk90 | how does my ipod know what time it is if the battery dies and i put it in a charger? | It doesn't connect to the internet either. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/17uk90/eli5_how_does_my_ipod_know_what_time_it_is_if_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"c88ycgh"
],
"score": [
13
],
"text": [
"Your iPod has a small backup battery called a CMOS battery. This keeps the clock running even when the main battery is dead."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2d4yz8 | same parents children 50% same genes? | I'm bad to explain so I give an example:
Let say dad has black hair and mom has white hair and they have 3 children. One of those children got black hair and rest of 2 got white.
So how these 3 children have all 50% same genes incommon? To me it seems like these kids with white hair have more incommon than the one w... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2d4yz8/eli5same_parents_children_50_same_genes/ | {
"a_id": [
"cjm4p3q"
],
"score": [
8
],
"text": [
"Humans have 46 chromosomes, which occur as 23 pairs. Keeping it simple, half of each pair comes from the mother, the other half comes from the father.\n\nThis means it's possible for a couple to have over 70 trillion genetically unique children (... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
7mz9op | wil dna be the same at birth as at death | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7mz9op/eli5_wil_dna_be_the_same_at_birth_as_at_death/ | {
"a_id": [
"drxtqfy"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Yes, mutations do happen when your cells divide and the DNA doesn't copy correctly. This is how cancer happens. A mutation in a specific cell happens where it doesn't die and just keeps growing and copying itself. Most mutations do nothing (or... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
3gjj35 | how can someone justify restricting voting rights? what are the unbiased beinifts from doing so? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3gjj35/eli5_how_can_someone_justify_restricting_voting/ | {
"a_id": [
"ctypj52",
"ctyt4js",
"ctyv5tb"
],
"score": [
2,
5,
2
],
"text": [
"Restricting voting rights is a way to limit the amount of votes one's political opponent might receive. Typically, voter ID and registration laws affect minorities and the poor, who typically vote Democ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condorcet%27s_jury_theorem"
],
[]
] | ||
1idfgr | why do cold things go warm, and warm/hot things go cold? | Say I have a French fry (hot), and a slice of cheese (cold). French fry goes cold, and cheese goes warm. But what if I left the French fry cold, and the cheese was warm? Would they go back to the first stage (fry hot, cheese cold)? Sorry for any grammar mistakes. On mobile. Also sorry for random foods,I am hungry. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1idfgr/eli5_why_do_cold_things_go_warm_and_warmhot/ | {
"a_id": [
"cb3cxx6",
"cb3cyxd",
"cb3d42o"
],
"score": [
9,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"That's a really interesting question. I can tell you are thinking. Sadly your French fry simply won't get hot again and your cheese will never just get cool. \n\nBoth of them work actually work in the ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
201j3f | Does Empty Space have a Reference Frame or is it Possible to have 0 Velocity? | Hey Reddit, I've got a question!
We're all used to measuring velocity relative to some sort of reference frame, your body moves relative to the earth, the earth moves relative to the sun ect.
Is there some sort of "absolute" reference frame that everything is moving relative to? And if so, is it possible to have a ve... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/201j3f/does_empty_space_have_a_reference_frame_or_is_it/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfyxbz7",
"cfyxegj"
],
"score": [
9,
7
],
"text": [
"There isn't a universal reference frame, any inertial frame is equally valid.\n\nThere *is* however a reference frame in which the cosmic microwave background is most isotropic, and we are moving about 600 km/s relative to i... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
a06w4x | if cooking a protein would mess its structure, how does the body use it as a nutritional value? | Sorry for bad english | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/a06w4x/eli5_if_cooking_a_protein_would_mess_its/ | {
"a_id": [
"eaf2g95",
"eaf6ubp",
"eafs57x"
],
"score": [
4,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Our bodies break down proteins into their amino acid components, then use these amino acids to create proteins specific for our bodies and our bodies needs.\nCooking or heating a protein otherwise typic... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_erectus"
]
] |
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