q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
value | subreddit stringclasses 3
values | url stringlengths 4 132 | answers dict | title_urls list | selftext_urls list | answers_urls list |
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4uymuk | after criminals "flee to mexico" to avoid us officials how do they make money to live? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4uymuk/eli5_after_criminals_flee_to_mexico_to_avoid_us/ | {
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"text": [
"Haha, just like any other place....odd jobs and what not. When Mexicans flee mexico how do they make money here (in the us). The answer to that question is the answer to your question",
"You know mexico has jobs right?"
... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
255339 | What wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation will follow a fiber optic cable? | Seems like common fiber optic cables work with light in the visible or IR spectrum (450-1500 nanometers). But do higher and lower energies also follow the path of a fiber optic cable? How high of an energy can you transmit before the energy just goes in a straight line and exits a fiber optic cable where it bends? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/255339/what_wavelengths_of_electromagnetic_radiation/ | {
"a_id": [
"chds3dh"
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3
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"text": [
"Attenuation quickly becomes the main problem. Modern telecomms use either around 1300nm or 1550nm because silica (the material optical fibres consist of) happens to have particularly low absorption at those wavelengths, they are transmitted with ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
dbyn3n | on most electronic devices i’ve seen “complies with part 15 of fcc” and “does not cause harmful interference”. what does that mean? and what would “harmful interference” actually do? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/dbyn3n/eli5_on_most_electronic_devices_ive_seen_complies/ | {
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"At least one of the C's in FCC stands for communication.\n\nWhen it has things that say it complies with their code, and doesn't cause interference, they mean it's not going to interfere with radio, or ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
699rzq | why does protein not get a %dv on nutrition labels in the us? (and some subcategories like sat. fat but not others like sugar?) | I understand that protein recommendations are based on a person's weight, but isn't the label just a suggestion based on a 2000 calorie diet for an average healthy person? So why can't it be a suggested average based on the same person that needs a 2000 calorie diet? Also why does it tell you the %DV for some subcatego... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/699rzq/eli5_why_does_protein_not_get_a_dv_on_nutrition/ | {
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"**Protein**: A %DV is required to be listed if a claim is made for protein, such as \"high in protein\". Otherwise, unless the food is meant for use by infants and children under 4 years old, none is needed. Current scientific evidence indicates... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
67toof | how do unions stay competitive with nonunions? | I have these friends on Facebook that just joined a construction union and they always post things about how union members make so much more money than nonunion workers. If that is true, then why would anyone pay the union members more money for the same job? It just doesn't seem like they would have any competitive ad... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/67toof/eli5_how_do_unions_stay_competitive_with_nonunions/ | {
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"text": [
"Well partially because for some industries and trades, you don't have a choice, it's Union or nothing. also Unions make it easier for employers and employees because everyone is on... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://www.opensecrets.org/orgs/list.php"
],
[]
] | |
ao6p6g | How effective is the 1-10 pain scale in triaging/diagnosis? | I know that this scale is useful measuring a specific pain over time, but is it of any value the first time a patient is asked?
I’m wondering because not only is pain of course subjective from person to person, but based on that individual’s experience a current “5” may be completely different than a “5” last month. F... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ao6p6g/how_effective_is_the_110_pain_scale_in/ | {
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" ... | [] | [] | [
[],
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[],
[],
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"https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwjq5pGszargAhXFY98KHTkaAMAQjRx6BAgBEAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.va.gov%2FPAINMANAGEMENT%2Fdocs%2FDVPRS_2slides_and_references.pdf&psig=AOvVaw2i6Xz_z8DfzAPZCKiqP6ba&ust=1549662641145040"
... | |
2v3aqu | What is the angle between "N" vectors from the same origin? | My question really involves chemical bonding. When X bonds to N other things (Y) it will maximize their seperation (ignoring lone pairs). In the case N=2 the angle between the X- > Y vectors is 180°.
For XY3 this angle is 120°
For XY4 this angle is ~109.5°
For XY6 this angle is 90°
However, for XY5 somthing strange h... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2v3aqu/what_is_the_angle_between_n_vectors_from_the_same/ | {
"a_id": [
"coe5amg"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"There is [a formula](_URL_0_) that gives the minimum possible distance between two of N points on a sphere, which is an equivalent problem. N=5 is an unusual case: it is not possible to arrange 5 points on a sphere (equivalently, 5 bonds) such th... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://mathworld.wolfram.com/SphericalCode.html",
"http://arxiv.org/abs/1001.3702"
]
] | |
7b5owo | if i buy a steam giftcard from gamestop, who is actually profiting? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7b5owo/eli5_if_i_buy_a_steam_giftcard_from_gamestop_who/ | {
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"text": [
"Gift cards are typically \"sold\" to stores below face value, and the retailer of the card gets some cut of the proceeds for the card sale. \n\n\nI can't remember if steam handle... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
5aoua2 | hydrocarbon lakes of titan(moon)? | So if hydrocarbon is an organic compund how it formed itself on Titan?
One more question, is there any correlation between those hydrocarbon lakes and the formation of oil(petroleum) beneath the Earth's surface? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5aoua2/eli5hydrocarbon_lakes_of_titanmoon/ | {
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"text": [
"Organic compounds means only that it contains carbon. It has little to do with whether or not it was created by living stuff (however all living stuff is made of organic compounds).\n\n",
"The Earth exists in a region o... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
mjva6 | topological space, manifolds, differentiable manifolds, etc. | Explain like I'm a 5 year old, but I'm a precocious 5 year old who wants to know some math behind it.
Also explain to me [this comment](_URL_0_) about why a 4-dimensional universe is the most stable type of universe. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/mjva6/topological_space_manifolds_differentiable/ | {
"a_id": [
"c31imy1",
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"text": [
"I can get the first two for you.\n\nTopological space: You have some things. They can be any things, it doesn't matter what. You declare a bunch of different bunches (sets) of these things to be \"open.\" You check that when... | [] | [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/miykl/why_are_there_three_space_dimensions/c31c1ea"
] | [
[],
[]
] | |
5yxctu | why do enantiomers have different physical properties? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5yxctu/eli5why_do_enantiomers_have_different_physical/ | {
"a_id": [
"detngk9"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"In general, they don't. They only have different properties when interacting with something in the environment that is asymmetric, such as polarized light and other chiral molecules."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
6oi48r | How common is it for a planet/moon/star combination to be able to make a total solar eclipse on the planet? | I've read before that our moon is abnormally large compared to what has been seen or estimated in the rest of the universe. So does that mean that it is rare for a moon to appear large enough in the sky to block out the star in a given solar system? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6oi48r/how_common_is_it_for_a_planetmoonstar_combination/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"I just answered this [here](_URL_0_) but I've copied it below:\n\nWe actually don't know because while we have detected many exoplanets, we have not confidently detected any exomoons around those planets. However, the hunt f... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6oj2eh/the_sun_is_roughly_400x_bigger_than_the_moon_but/dki021h/"
],
[]
] | |
147ser | Would it be possible to light a piece of wood on fire with water vapor? | Would water vapor at an extremely high temperature be able to ignite wood or would it just heat it up until it just disintegrated? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/147ser/would_it_be_possible_to_light_a_piece_of_wood_on/ | {
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"text": [
"Yes, it's very much possible.\n\nHeck, many years ago we demonstrated exactly that capability, only using the fire-retardant treated paper towels in the chemistry lab. To this day I have no idea how... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://books.google.com/books?id=RigDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA228#v=onepage"
],
[
"http://www.stevespanglerscience.com/science-video/making-fire-with-steam"
],
[]
] | |
1votwv | why must pc and mac games be developed separately? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1votwv/eli5_why_must_pc_and_mac_games_be_developed/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Windows and OSX provide the tools that an application need to talk to the computer hardware itself.\n\nBecause Windows and OSX speak to the hardware differently, the applications have to speak to the operating system differently -- ergo, two diff... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
4z5lb2 | When looking at the Milky Way why is there a black center part? | There was a frontpage post with [this](_URL_0_) image. As you approach the Milky Way from let's say the left, you see more and more and more stars (because you are looking at the center of our galaxy) but then there is this sudden black part, followed by a lighter part where are more stars again. So lot's of stars foll... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4z5lb2/when_looking_at_the_milky_way_why_is_there_a/ | {
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"text": [
"The dark patches are clouds of dust obscuring your view of the bright galactic center. You are looking edge-on into a disk of stars and glowing gas and dust, and all the stars that you can see directly are just those stars immediately next to you... | [] | [
"http://i.imgur.com/KfhqWHE.jpg"
] | [
[
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/M104_ngc4594_sombrero_galaxy_hi-res.jpg"
]
] | |
317gfi | Could there be bacteria in landfills right now evolving to digest plastics? | We've all heard the facts about plastic water bottles, that they take many thousands of years to degrade, etc. But given that the ability to metabolize ubiquitous plastic products would confer a distinct evolutionary advantage to any organism that could do so, is it possible that such a bacterium could evolve to do so ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/317gfi/could_there_be_bacteria_in_landfills_right_now/ | {
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37,
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13,
2,
2,
2,
... | [] | [] | [
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"http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es504038a",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nylon-eating_bacteria"
],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nylon-eating_bacteria",
"http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es060408h",
"http://aem.asm.org/content/38/3/551.full.pdf",
"http://w... | |
4xw0gv | Is the rate that homo-sapiens have evolved abnormally fast compared to that of other species? | I'm basically wondering if the scientific community regards homo-sapien evolution, specifically in cognitive ability, as a relatively "normal" case of the evolution of a species, or if humans have evolved at an unprecedented rate that led to the human-dominated world we live in today. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4xw0gv/is_the_rate_that_homosapiens_have_evolved/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Nope, most (if not all) bacteria and viruses evolve (or mutate) orders of magnitude faster than we have.\n\nAnd to say our cognitive ability is an example of accelerated evolution is quite.. self privil... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1r60sc | Why did Oswald not get arrested upon his return from USSR? | I'll admit I'm a skeptic and while I find it plausible that Lee Harvey Oswald was the lone shooter, what I find hardest to believe is the apparent lack of attention his defection to the USSR and his subsequent return had. Why wasn't he arrested as soon as he returned from the USSR? Or at least detained and questioned a... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1r60sc/why_did_oswald_not_get_arrested_upon_his_return/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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2
],
"text": [
"Arrested for what crime? Immigrating or attempting to immigrate from the U.S. is not a crime in itself. The Soviets didn't seem to feel his status as a Marine Corps radar operator was of any value (which it wasn't) so he did... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2uu5zq | Do Organelles Just Float Around in the Cytoplasm of Cells? | I know the Mitochondria in Plant and Animal cells floats around in the Cytoplasm, but do other organelles do, like the Nucleus, Vacuoles, ER, etc? I would guess so, but isn't cytoplasm jelly like? How exactly do the manage to move around? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2uu5zq/do_organelles_just_float_around_in_the_cytoplasm/ | {
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19,
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2,
2
],
"text": [
"Actually, organelles, including mitochondria, don't simply float around the cell randomly... Cells have a highly structured cytoskeleton, which provides sp... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/82/3/631.full.pdf",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK9833/"
],
[],
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"http://biomedicalcomputationreview.org/sites/default/files/u6/c_image.pcbi_.v06.i03.g001_1.jpg"
],
[
"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/enhanced/doi/10.1002/bmb.20494/",
... | |
ukttt | why was the last transit of venus 8 years ago, but the next one won't be until 2117? | I read that it occurs in cycles of 243 years in pairs of 8 years apart, but I don't understand why it's only 8 years apart one time and then 121.5 years apart from the next time? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ukttt/eli5_why_was_the_last_transit_of_venus_8_years/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"As far as i understand it, the orbits are not perfectly flat. Think of earths orbit being completely flat around the sun, and Venus' being tilted upwards at one side. So venus and earth are very rarely at the same point and inclination around th... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2fatec | What led Second World War Germany to surrender after the fall of Berlin when First World War Germany surrendered while Berlin was still held? | Was it Nazi Fervour? Were any major German cities occupied when WWI Germany gave up? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2fatec/what_led_second_world_war_germany_to_surrender/ | {
"a_id": [
"ck7qrba",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Ian Kershaw's biography of Hitler sheds some light on this. \n\nHitler personally viewed surrender as cowardice, and believed that the German Army in WWI had been betrayed by politicians at home, despite seeing success in th... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1941/11/06.htm"
]
] | |
32pe37 | sometimes i open my mouth and spit shoots out much in the same way venom shoots out of the mouth of a snake. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/32pe37/eli5_sometimes_i_open_my_mouth_and_spit_shoots/ | {
"a_id": [
"cqdbw11",
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"score": [
16,
2,
5
],
"text": [
"The muscles in your jaw are compressing the [submandibular salivary gland](_URL_0_ ), where spit is made, and the excess pressure causes saliva to squirt out the Wharton duct.",
"If you press the ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salivary_gland"
],
[
"http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=gleeking",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uY_W1oToNJA"
],
[]
] | ||
14kirn | Is there a limit to how fast humans can travel? | I was wondering are there any current limits (except energy) that prevents humans from traveling at incredibly high speeds (I mean maybe 50, 75, or 99% the speed of light)? For example if I had a magic spaceship capable of traveling 50% of the speed of light, and faster, as a human what would the problems that would ar... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/14kirn/is_there_a_limit_to_how_fast_humans_can_travel/ | {
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"score": [
2,
4,
12,
6
],
"text": [
"You are traveling at .99c relative to cosmic muons right now.",
"Velocity is relative. Depending on your reference frame, you already are travelling at any given speed less th... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euthanasia_Coaster",
"http://whatif.xkcd.com/1/"
]
] | |
4jo7ks | When was shopping "invented"? | [deleted] | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4jo7ks/when_was_shopping_invented/ | {
"a_id": [
"d38dzp5"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Are you talking about the modern practice of supermarkets and shopping malls, or just the act of going out to purchase goods in general?"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2awr7s | Has a mass group of immigrants ever managed to get along with the native people? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2awr7s/has_a_mass_group_of_immigrants_ever_managed_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"cizp9af",
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"score": [
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2
],
"text": [
"The best example I have is the partnerships between First Nations and french settlers in Canada. The French, at an early period of time in their exploration found out about the First Nations (Particularly the Huron and Mi'km... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/rules#wiki_no_.22in_your_era.22_or_.22throughout_history.22_questions",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/features/trivia"
]
] | ||
1883il | What record is there for Alexander's conquest of India from non-Hellenic sources (contemporary)? | I am trying to ascertain which authentic sources have written about Alexander's invasion of India. I am especially interested about non-Hellenic sources that talks about the battle with Porus and especially its outcome. Did Indians keep records during that time? Any record of this battle in other kingdoms of that time?... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1883il/what_record_is_there_for_alexanders_conquest_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"c8cg2xv"
],
"score": [
17
],
"text": [
"I'm afraid I have to give you a really, really bad answer.\n\nWe don't have any record of the conquest of India from any other point of view.\n\nI apologise because this is relatively brief, and normally there's a comprehensive answer required i... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
9rbx5q | What does gradient mean in vector calculus? | [deleted] | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/9rbx5q/what_does_gradient_mean_in_vector_calculus/ | {
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"text": [
"A gradient is a field which represents the direction and magnitude of change. It's sort of the equivalent of a derivative, in that a derivative of a scalar function gives you the ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/3d-gradient-cos.svg"
],
[]
] | |
76wrjy | in university, why dentistry is seperate major from medicine? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/76wrjy/eli5_in_university_why_dentistry_is_seperate/ | {
"a_id": [
"dohakk1",
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],
"score": [
16,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Medical student here. You're thinking about this backwards.\n\nDentistry can be separate **because** you don't need to understand the intricate workings of the entire body. You can dedicate all of your... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://io9.gizmodo.com/5965741/how-barbers-became-surgeons",
"https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2017/03/why-dentistry-is-separated-from-medicine/518979/"
],
[]
] | |
33jmft | What makes a tumor inoperable? If it's a matter of size, wouldn't injecting it with alcohol shrink it down allowing for easier removal? | This is coming from a ex biology pre-med turned computer science major, so my base knowledge can be described as mediocre and very rusty at best. So please keep that in mind when answering this question. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/33jmft/what_makes_a_tumor_inoperable_if_its_a_matter_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"cqlsnx3"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"When you think of a malignant tumor, dont think of it as a spherical blob that sits on top of an organ. Think of it as a spider with several dozens of legs, each wrapped around an organ's crucial zones or a vein in your body.\n\nMalignant tumors ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
oji3w | How much food energy is lost in facial hair? | Not sure how to more properly phrase that question, but it occurred to me recently that I have regularly removing a good amount of facial hair over the years that my body keeps diligently trying to produce. How much of the food that I eat over, say, a month is directed towards undesirable hair growth? (Face for the men... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/oji3w/how_much_food_energy_is_lost_in_facial_hair/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Well, proteins have about 4 Calories per gram, and hair is mostly protein. So one gram of facial hair contains about 4 Calories of energy, and lets say the total metabolic cost to produce it is double that (just for purposes of illustration, I r... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1xjo1k | How does a lazy eye affect vision? | Can somebody with a severe lazy eye actually see out of that eye? Are they constantly looking in two places at once, or is it just the healthy eye that can see?
If they are looking in two places, how does that affect their visual field? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1xjo1k/how_does_a_lazy_eye_affect_vision/ | {
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"text": [
"A point of clarification, \"lazy eye\" often refers to Amblyopia, which is a condition where vision is impaired in an eye without/in excess of actual structural abnormalities. The brain effectively ig... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
ik5xn | How is shaving your hair different from plucking it... | I’ve had lots of discussions with my friends on this subject. People say that if you shave your hair (let’s say facial or pubic) it will grow back faster and thicker where if you pluck it, this will not happen. Also people say that it will not grow faster and thicker if you trim it, i don’t see why trimming is differ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ik5xn/how_is_shaving_your_hair_different_from_plucking/ | {
"a_id": [
"c24e5tn",
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"score": [
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2
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"text": [
"Layman here, but hair will not grow back thicker when you shave it. What happens is that shaving creates flat ends to the hairs (rather than the naturally-tapered ends) which makes it *look* thicker.\n\nHair *will* appear ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
q7uod | Why are there "gaps" in evolution? Why can't we find fossils during the periods of these gaps? | Hello r/askscience!
I'm 16, and after a very vague lesson of evolution in biology class last year at my Christian school, I have taken an interest in evolution.
So here are my questions: Are there still considered to be gaps in the evolutionary process of man? If so, how come we can not find these fossils? What woul... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/q7uod/why_are_there_gaps_in_evolution_why_cant_we_find/ | {
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"[This website](_URL_0_) has everything you ne... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/faq-transitional.html",
"http://www.talkorigins.org/origins/faqs-qa.html",
"http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/specimen.html"
],
[],
[],
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"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indohyus",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rodhocetus",
"http://en.wikipedia.org... | |
11pco6 | Is base 10 the right system to use? | First off, I'm not much of a mathlete. By the time I got to 4th year (undergrad) differential calculus my brain had decided that was about all it could take and left the building.
But a few nights ago I was reading a comic ([*Echo*](_URL_0_)) which has a scientist use a base of PHI ([Golden ratio base](_URL_1_)). Th... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/11pco6/is_base_10_the_right_system_to_use/ | {
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"text": [
"We routinely alter the number base to make certain types of math easier. For instance, Boolean is Base-2 (logic math), Hexadecimal is Base-16 (computer addresses), Radian Math Base-Pi (circular math), D... | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echo_\\(comic_book\\)",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_ratio_base"
] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
4pbpel | how did "check engine" lights work before cars had computer diagnostics? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4pbpel/eli5_how_did_check_engine_lights_work_before_cars/ | {
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"text": [
"They didn't. The first check engine lights were introduced as a feature of the early computer controlled systems in cars during the early 80's.",
"Cheaper cars that lacked dials for things like bat... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
2yifg7 | is it possible to have a species' evolutionary line split at our point or later? | So I know that evolution is based on the concept that if a trait helps an individual smash then that trait will carry on and eventually become the norm, this over long periods of time will cause mass changes. But is it possible for if all the members of a species as advanced as ours divided and one group favored intell... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2yifg7/eli5_is_it_possible_to_have_a_species/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Sure. If each group found a niche in which it could succeed, then it's absolutely possible, in the future, for *Homo sapiens sapiens* to split into *Homo sapiens sapiens* [nerds] and *Homo sapiens athle... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
flnknb | why is the recommendation to wash your hands for 20 seconds but the same rules don't apply to washing dirty dishes? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/flnknb/eli5_why_is_the_recommendation_to_wash_your_hands/ | {
"a_id": [
"fkzl9c9",
"fkzljln"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"Because a dish is a flat surface with no pours or anything, hands are covered in creases and pours that get much more exposure to infection",
"Pores, creases, and under nails and inbetween fingers are hard to clean out ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
9vtjx7 | Why did the public care so little about the mass murder of jews? | ‘Between 1939 and 1945 there were 26 stories about the mass murder of Jews in the New York Times. When the British first reported the “greatest known killing” in 1942, it only got a small column on the fifth page and was roundly ignored as a non story.’ It seems that people were aware Jews were being killed in large nu... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9vtjx7/why_did_the_public_care_so_little_about_the_mass/ | {
"a_id": [
"e9fe2qq",
"e9fjo9m"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"Follow up question: Did this non-interest represent a particular Western issue? How did African and Asian societies react to news about the Holocaust? Were there even news about atrocities committed against Jews in thos... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/14/news/150th-anniversary-1851-2001-turning-away-from-the-holocaust.html",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6696bw/new_understanding_of_allies_knowledge_of_the/",
"https://news.gallup.com/opinion/polling-matters/232949/american-public-opinion-holoc... | |
3xcsvc | why do my white dress shirts get sweat stains only on the collar? | On the collars of my white dress shirts I have brownish-yellow stains right where the collar touches my neck. This *only* happens for white shirts, *only*on the collar, and *only* when I haven't washed them in a while. Does anybody know what precisely causes my (clear) sweat to cause a (brown-yellow) stain? And why is ... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3xcsvc/eli5_why_do_my_white_dress_shirts_get_sweat/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"It's probably more dirt than sweat. Your neck rubs on your collar, which transfers the dirt to the collar, particularly if your neck is sweaty.\n\nArmpits don't rub as much and aren't as exposed to dirt from hair and fingers etc. That means they ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1ks65i | What would happen to the earth if the surface of the moon were perfectly smooth? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1ks65i/what_would_happen_to_the_earth_if_the_surface_of/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The moon's albedo is about 12%, so conceivably it could be eight times as bright. But it's still about 400,000 times less bright than the sun."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
7c7hkf | why does a gunshot sometimes makes 2 subsequent noises? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7c7hkf/eli5_why_does_a_gunshot_sometimes_makes_2/ | {
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"text": [
"This has to do with the speed of the bullet versus the speed of sound or the sound of the gun shot. When a bullet is fired is moves faster than the speed of sound (usually). Therefore, if the bullet hit... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
1b1mxv | yoko ono's involvement in the beatles' breakup | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1b1mxv/eli5_yoko_onos_involvement_in_the_beatles_breakup/ | {
"a_id": [
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4
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"text": [
"There many reasons for the breakup, roughly in order of importance:\n\n* the death of manager Brian Epstein\n* George Harrison's frustration that Lennon and McCartney wouldn't let him contribute creatively\n* John Lennon go... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
24msft | Are there any historians that argue the North fought the Civil War to protect the interests of big business? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/24msft/are_there_any_historians_that_argue_the_north/ | {
"a_id": [
"ch8t1ve"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Are you thinking of any business interest in particular? Northern textile industries, for example, relied very heavily on Southern cotton and benefited from slavery a great deal. I'm trying to think of what Northern business interest would have p... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
6u415z | why is bargaining at markets expected and a normal part of life in many countries? wouldn't sellers make more money if they stick to a price instead of changing it for every potential customer? | Bargaining and negotiating at the African and Asian markets seems like so much work when all you want is fresh food, for example. If I can afford the prices, why should I waste 20 minutes arguing to make it 20 cents cheapers? But then I feel like the seller may make it even cheaper for the next customer and I'm the one... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6u415z/eli5_why_is_bargaining_at_markets_expected_and_a/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Negotiating earns more than selling at a single price, because the single price is often very close to the lower end of the negotiating range to keep sales high. However, it costs the seller time (it also costs the buyer t... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
13b6xt | What was life like in East Germany before the Wall fell? | For example, how obvious was the espionage of citizens? What was people's opinion of the government? Were there certain ways to discreetly criticize the state? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13b6xt/what_was_life_like_in_east_germany_before_the/ | {
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"text": [
"While you're waiting for the answer, maybe check out the critically acclaimed German film [*The Lives of Others*](_URL_0_), on this topic. It was [very well received.](_URL_1_). S... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FppW5ml4vdw",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_lives_of_others#Reception"
],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/germany/comments/xsd8h/dear_former_east_germans_what_do_you_miss_about/",
"http://www.reddit.com/r/germany/comments/e7cjd/hello_german_redditors_did_any_of_y... | |
cvuwqs | 1950s introductory book on Egyptology | About 60 years ago I read a wonderful introductory book on Egyptology. Written in English, probably by Englishman. It was a paperback. Writer was well known but I don't see him name in books for sale. Any suggestions? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/cvuwqs/1950s_introductory_book_on_egyptology/ | {
"a_id": [
"ey6kgcn"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"I'm guessing you're thinking of [*Egypt of the Pharaohs*](_URL_0_) by Alan Gardiner. Gardiner was a master philologist, and his works are still useful albeit dated. His grandson Martin Bernal is infamous for igniting the \"Black Athena\" controve... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://books.google.com/books?id=lzhBbsElbKAC",
"https://oi.uchicago.edu/research/publications/misc/when-egypt-ruled-east",
"https://oi.uchicago.edu/research/publications/misc/burden-egypt-interpretation-ancient-egyptian-culture"
]
] | |
8gixo7 | Is it possible to detect the cumulative magnetic fields produced by human nerve activity from the outside? | My team and I are working on a physics project in CEGEP, and we're building a metal detector. We've noticed ours is capable of detecting the presence of living hands.
Our current hypothesis is that we're detecting the cumulative magnetic fields caused by nerve activity. After all, our detector functions on the variati... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/8gixo7/is_it_possible_to_detect_the_cumulative_magnetic/ | {
"a_id": [
"dyeo1m4"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
" > After all, our detector functions on the variation of magnetic flux, so electrical circuits such as nerves certainly have the potential to have an effect.\n\nNerves aren't electrical circuits. It's true that a nerve impulse is (to some extent... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQUID"
]
] | |
eqzprg | someone simplify what discord is for me. i don’t get why it’s so popular. | Everything I’m interested in always directs me towards their appropriate discord page. I don’t understand what it’s advantage over Reddit even is. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/eqzprg/eli5_someone_simplify_what_discord_is_for_me_i/ | {
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2,
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"text": [
"Remember chat rooms? That's Discord.",
"Discord is a social media app which acknowledges the popularity of creating groups on softw... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
6792ez | So atmospheric CO2 levels just reached 410 ppm, first time in 3 million years it's been that high. What happened 3 million years ago? | what happened 3 million years ago to cause CO2 levels to be higher than they are today?
_URL_0_ | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6792ez/so_atmospheric_co2_levels_just_reached_410_ppm/ | {
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"text": [
"This question has attracted a number of joke answers, speculation, and low quality responses by non-experts, as well as a number of questions about the... | [] | [
"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/we-just-breached-the-410-ppm-threshold-for-co2/"
] | [
[],
[
"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.04.028",
"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.06.020"
],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1rbl3q | how is snowden still 'leaking' facts about the nsa? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1rbl3q/eli5_how_is_snowden_still_leaking_facts_about_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdljpl7",
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10,
3
],
"text": [
"Snowden isn't actually leaking facts anymore. When he fled the country he gave all the data he had to appropriate news sources. What he gave them was a huge amount of data and they have been sorting ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
6ttqkc | Can a magnetic south pole or a north pole exist on it's own? | [deleted] | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6ttqkc/can_a_magnetic_south_pole_or_a_north_pole_exist/ | {
"a_id": [
"dlnfino",
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"score": [
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8
],
"text": [
"The technical term for what you are describing is a 'magnetic monopole'. In order for a magnetic monopole to exist there needs to be something that has a net magnetic charge. This is analogous to a proton or electron which ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_monopole"
]
] | |
3ru9qb | why is cnn considered to be such a terrible news source? is it really that worse than other major news sources?(bbc, msnbc, fox news, etc) | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3ru9qb/eli5_why_is_cnn_considered_to_be_such_a_terrible/ | {
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"text": [
"I wouldn't say that CNN is necessarily a poor source of information, but they're definitely guilty of sensationalizing things like the MH370 crash.\n\nThey're definitely in the \"give them what they wa... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ApZDJo5wsH4",
"http://imgur.com/gallery/SoHT4Yh",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZpVd7k1Uw6A",
"http://mediamatters.org/blog/2014/10/10/cnn-turns-to-outbreak-fiction-writer-for-ebola/201113"
],
[]
] | |
44f6ai | why does the human brain enjoy getting points on websites like reddit regardless of the lack of financial rewards? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/44f6ai/eli5_why_does_the_human_brain_enjoy_getting/ | {
"a_id": [
"czpsgor",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"As social creatures, humans get a feeling o... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-the-brain-gets-addicted-to-gambling/"
],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1%25_rule_(Internet_culture)",
"http://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2012/07/exploiting-the-neuroscience-of-internet-addiction/259820/"
],
[],
[],
... | ||
7ftndm | why does the "church of scienctology" still have tax exempt status in the usa? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7ftndm/eli5_why_does_the_church_of_scienctology_still/ | {
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"text": [
"The IRS threatened to take it away, and they arranged for their members to file a huge number of simultaneous lawsuits about it. The ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7y1xJAVZxXg",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mUndxpbufkg",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vwkqh3lCgvw"
],
[]
] | ||
25va06 | When did "Europe" and "European" become concepts, and what where the initial borders of that concept? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/25va06/when_did_europe_and_european_become_concepts_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"chl86pa"
],
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"text": [
"Herodotus mentions the three continents of Europe, Asia, and Libya (Africa) in The Histories, Book 4, chapter 45. This is from about 440 BC. He even mentions the debate on what Europe's borders actually are, so I presume the answer to your quest... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://nlp.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:abo:tlg,0016,001:4:45&lang=original"
]
] | ||
auf0ir | Was William Wallace actually a good guy? | Being from Scotland I’ve been brought up being to that big will was a legend but apparently he was a child rapist and other stuff like that. Is this true and if so how did people find this out? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/auf0ir/was_william_wallace_actually_a_good_guy/ | {
"a_id": [
"eh7zvfz"
],
"score": [
66
],
"text": [
"Firstly lets address the elephant in the room, Braveheart. Most people when they hear the name William Wallace think of a plucky peasant freedom fighter who stood up against a tyrant. The truth is most of that film and what people think of Willi... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wallace_(poem)",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The\\_Wallace\\_(poem)",
"https://www.authenticireland.com/scottish-kilts/",
"https://webarchive.nrscotland.gov.uk/20170106033154/http://www.nas.gov.uk/about/100604.asp"
]
] | |
5fc8ve | why is "fake news" not libel? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5fc8ve/eli5_why_is_fake_news_not_libel/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Well, when it's politically inclined, as it often is, the bar for libel also includes publishing that damaging false material with deliberate malice. \n\nThat's a notoriously high bar for a politician to prove is true in court (which is a good th... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2jbufh | Do we know of a "gas-moon"? | Is there any moon, orbiting a planet, which is made out of gas, instead of rock, that we know of? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2jbufh/do_we_know_of_a_gasmoon/ | {
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"cla7tl9",
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],
"text": [
"There is not. We know of no extrasolar moons, and all the moons in our solar system are rocky.",
"No, we haven't detected any exoplanets with moons and none of our solar systems moons are gaseous (... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://www.space.com/6164-jupiter-core-big-thought.html"
]
] | |
3mc5kv | why are companies like google and microsoft always under anti-competition scrutiny, but apple is not? | Alright you arm-chair attorneys of Reddit! [or real ones for that matter!] Here is the link that inspired the post - _URL_0_
A few notes:
1) I admit I'm a Google loyalist, but I'm asking this question sincerely so I can be talked off my ledge
2) It seems to me that Android by its very nature is an open platform [yo... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3mc5kv/eli5_why_are_companies_like_google_and_microsoft/ | {
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"Because market share is one of the defining attributes of whether or not someone is using their monopoly (or n... | [] | [
"http://www.engadget.com/2015/09/25/ftc-google-android-antitrust/"
] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-Tech_Employee_Antitrust_Litigation"
],
[],
[]
] | |
1z483k | why do websites sometimes load in that awkward list format? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1z483k/why_do_websites_sometimes_load_in_that_awkward/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"I assume you mean when there's no colours or images or anything like that? it's because the CSS scripts aren't loading for some reason. CSS stands for cascading style sheets. most websites use scripts written in CSS in order to change the layout ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
281jv6 | How many earth g's are in a black hole? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/281jv6/how_many_earth_gs_are_in_a_black_hole/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"You'd need to be more specific. It depends on the mass of the black hole, and how far away you are from the center. As you move towards the center of a black hole, the gravitational pull increases endlessly, approaching inf... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
m7iih | How accurate is a polygraph test and what are its flaws? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/m7iih/how_accurate_is_a_polygraph_test_and_what_are_its/ | {
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"score": [
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2,
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"text": [
"This is a difficult question to answer with specificity. The quote below gives you some s... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/2935/how-accurate-are-lie-detector-tests"
],
[
"http://www.apa.org/research/action/polygraph.aspx"
],
[],
[],
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"http://www.straightdope.com/columns/read/2935/how-accurate-are-lie-detector-tests"
],
[
"http://www.apa.org/research/action/pol... | ||
o1oj0 | how come my link karma isn't a direct correlation to the number of points i get for a submitted link | a while ago I submitted a link that ended with about 700 points yet the link karma I received was only 500 | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/o1oj0/how_come_my_link_karma_isnt_a_direct_correlation/ | {
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"I am interested in this as well. I have also noticed that the score of a link, for instance on the front page, is not just (upvotes - downvotes). Always won... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://sharetv.org/images/whose_line_is_it_anyway-show.jpg"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/help/faq#Howisasubmissionsscoredetermined"
]
] | |
3q7yiu | when one country pays another country (for example buying land or paying debts) what currency is used? | And if they use the other nation's currency, how do they obtain it? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3q7yiu/eli5_when_one_country_pays_another_country_for/ | {
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"text": [
"Theu will most likely use the same currency as the country who is selling, they will buy the target currency through the international market such as foreign banks.",
"The US dollar is the major one for now. For example,... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.businessinsider.com/russia-slaps-down-the-dollar-2015-6"
]
] | |
2232pp | Crusaders promised to be vassals of Byzantine Emperor, right? Did he get anything from the First Crusade? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2232pp/crusaders_promised_to_be_vassals_of_byzantine/ | {
"a_id": [
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"The Byzantines, with the help of the crusaders, managed to reclaim much of Anatolia from the Seljuks.\n\n[Seljuks in 1096, before the first Crusade.](_URL_1_)\n\n[After the first Crusade (note the Byzantines have managed to ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://etc.usf.edu/maps/pages/10400/10454/10454.jpg",
"http://sitemaker.umich.edu/mladjov/files/saljuqidsultanate1096-200.jpg"
],
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"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Crusade",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seljuk_Turks",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexios_I_Komnenos",
"http://en.... | ||
4zgd3r | If the Earth is rotating around the Sun would it be easier to launch a rocket from the current 'rear-facing side' of Earth? | I attempted to draw a picture illustrating what I mean: _URL_0_ | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4zgd3r/if_the_earth_is_rotating_around_the_sun_would_it/ | {
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"text": [
"Only if your mission is crashing to Sun and your rocket somehow capable to leave Earth orbit in minutes. In reality our current [rocket](_URL_3_) usually optimize launch with [gravity turn](_URL_0_) to change its direction, ... | [] | [
"http://i.imgur.com/VoELyly.png"
] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_turn",
"https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/basics/bsf4-1.php",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_assist",
"http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/launch-windows/en/"
],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hohmann_transfer_orbit"
]
] | |
7e68kg | How does a black hole gain mass if it takes an infinitely long time for matter to cross the event horizon? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/7e68kg/how_does_a_black_hole_gain_mass_if_it_takes_an/ | {
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"text": [
"It doesn't take an infinite time to cross the event horizon from the point of view of the interior of the black hole, so there's that.\n\nFrom the POV of the exterior, though, ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
2e4nd9 | why don't we distill water for drinking? wouldn't it be a lot more pure than spring or filtered? | we get minerals out of water that would be taken out when distilled, but we could get them from other sources such as food. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2e4nd9/eli5_why_dont_we_distill_water_for_drinking/ | {
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"Water distillation requires evaporation and condensation. \n\nTo do this on a large scale requires a lot more power than it does to filter it, and you would also have to constantly... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
6sd2xd | why does x^0 = 1? similarly why does 0! (zero factorial) = 1? | I know that they equal to 1, but why, what's the logic here?
Something I've always wondered; that my teacher's never answered. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6sd2xd/eli5_why_does_x0_1_similarly_why_does_0_zero/ | {
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"When you multiply two numbers together with the same base, you ad... | [] | [] | [
[],
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[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
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"https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/j8wmr/eli5_why_is_x01/",
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"https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3w07ac/eli5_why_does... | |
7sj13j | How do tsunamis work and, more specifically, why wasn’t there a large tsunami after the earthquake off the Alaskan coast? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/7sj13j/how_do_tsunamis_work_and_more_specifically_why/ | {
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"text": [
"A tsunami usually appears when an ocean suddenly has a bunch of space that is not filled with water, such as when tectonic plates move apart (accompanied by an earthquake), or when a meteorite plunges ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://www.popsci.com/giant-earthquake-alaska-tsunami"
]
] | ||
1ymtg4 | the scope of a gun is on top of the nozzle the bullet comes out of, so wouldnt the bullet hit a bit lower than where you aimed for? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1ymtg4/eli5_the_scope_of_a_gun_is_on_top_of_the_nozzle/ | {
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"text": [
"The scope is adjusted to correct for this (and for bullet drop in flight) at a specific distance. If you change distances, you need to readjust the scope. The scope is not purely ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
5ouw2l | why do humans get the same flu? don't our bodies make an antivirus? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5ouw2l/eli5_why_do_humans_get_the_same_flu_dont_our/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"\"The flu\" is just a very broad term for the actual Flu Virus. There are many strains of it and it is very very good At evolving and changing itself. We have flu shots which are essentially a flu vaccine for whatever flu strains they think are g... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
7ftdoi | Did the Marian reforms immediately transform the makeup of the Roman military, or was there a time-lag period of transition? Was military service still essentially necessary if one intended to enter politics? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7ftdoi/did_the_marian_reforms_immediately_transform_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"dqesb3c"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"I have [talked about the Marian reforms](_URL_0_) before. A follow-up down the page talks more about the reforms themselves.\n\nIn short: It is more reasonable to see the Marian reforms as the culmination of a long process of transformation and p... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5cp3zx/how_did_the_marian_reformations_influence_the/"
]
] | ||
12jufp | Why does some beef have a sheen to it? (Image inside) | I've noticed that it's visible on some cuts of beef, like sliced roast beef, but usually not steak. Is this because beef is more oily than other meats? Or is this something that exists with all meat and I've never noticed it before?
_URL_0_ | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/12jufp/why_does_some_beef_have_a_sheen_to_it_image_inside/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6vot55"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"Seems like this is essentially the answer you're looking for:\n\n_URL_1_\n\nOoh, now we're talking! Much more detail in here:\n\n_URL_0_"
]
} | [] | [
"http://imgur.com/sFUBa"
] | [
[
"http://www.beefresearch.org/CMDocs/BeefResearch/Beef%20Iridescence.pdf",
"http://dwb.unl.edu/Teacher/NSF/C10/C10Links/meat.tamu.edu/faqs.html#rainbow"
]
] | |
2h9fub | What is actually happening in your body when you eat a food you're allergic to? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2h9fub/what_is_actually_happening_in_your_body_when_you/ | {
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"text": [
"When we eat something we are allergic to, our immune cells recognize the food as foreign and begin an immune response. These responses are usually triggered by antibodies that were not removed during th... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
ai351d | How difficult would it be to drill into the Earth's Mantle, and what would we expect to find there? | I know the deepest hole ever drilled is something like 12km deep - the Kola Superdeep Borehole.
But, with today's technology - is it possible (doesn't matter if financially viable) to drill into the Mantle? How would we know when we hit the Mantle, and would we find minerals previously undiscovered? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ai351d/how_difficult_would_it_be_to_drill_into_the/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The mantle is a solid rock under very high temperatures and pressures, that is able to \"flow\" over millions of years. The rock is called \"Peridotite\" and is well understood, as it's not particularly difficult to find som... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.flickr.com/photos/jsjgeology/31130713391"
],
[]
] | |
dbt3sd | what causes chest aches, pains, and tightness when i'm emotional? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/dbt3sd/eli5_what_causes_chest_aches_pains_and_tightness/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"When you’re emotional, your body can sometimes reacts physically. \n\nYour brain normally reacts to stressors (imagine seeing a bear in the woods), and tells your body “We gotta go!!” Your brain then sends signals all over y... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
1jzre1 | why is arnold palmer tea/lemonade cheaper than water? | I can go down to a local supermarket and buy a gallon of Arnold Palmer for 79 cents. I can go to any gas station and buy a giant can of the stuff for about a dollar. Why is this cheaper than water and bottled water? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1jzre1/eli5_why_is_arnold_palmer_tealemonade_cheaper/ | {
"a_id": [
"cbjvt3k",
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"score": [
6,
4
],
"text": [
"because people are suckers and will pay $$$ for bottled water",
"Goods like this are priced based on what people are willing to pay, not what they cost to produce.\n\nThe real question is, \"Why are people paying so much... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
5l6fzm | what are bugs, in a game? | What are bugs in a game, and what makes them happen. If a specific event is happening according to the codes, and then a bug appears, what goes wrong? Is it the game itself that decides to not follow the codes or is it the code that is poorly written? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5l6fzm/eli5what_are_bugs_in_a_game/ | {
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"text": [
"A bug is a certain piece of error in software, that causes certain things to occur when the program is run. They're not errors that affect compilation, so are only discovered whe... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://twitter.com/sempf/status/514473420277694465",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5l648q/eli5_if_code_is_deterministic_why_do_bugs_appear/"
],
[],
[]
] | |
3e6xla | why is it that i've lost weight by the time i have awaken in the morming, yet i haven't gone to the washroom? where did all of the weight go? | I weighed myself before bed and was 170lbs and in the morning just when I got up I was 165. I did this before a trip to the washroom. So where exactly did a whole 4-5 lbs go while I was sleeping. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3e6xla/eli5_why_is_it_that_ive_lost_weight_by_the_time_i/ | {
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"text": [
"Magic! No, not really.\n\nThe short answer: Into the air.\n\nOkay, you know you inhale in oxygen which is O2 right? And exhale carbo... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C8ialLlcdcw"
],
[],
[],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/search?q=morning+weight&restrict_sr=on&sort=relevance&t=year"
]
] | |
d9eybq | Did medical alcohol or drinking alcohol come first? | This question popped into my head while cleaning a wound on my hand, and it reminded me the time I had to treat a cut with moonshine. But when I tried googling it I just got alot of results about how I shouldn't drink rubbing alcohol. So I'm curious if any of yall would know. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/d9eybq/did_medical_alcohol_or_drinking_alcohol_come_first/ | {
"a_id": [
"f1hevyh",
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"score": [
11,
9,
5
],
"text": [
"Very likely drinking alcohol. There have been reports that animals consume alcohol, too. Cows eat fermenting apples or pears that have fallen down from trees as well as apes eat fermenting fruits - up ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3601883/",
"https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joseph-Lister-Baron-Lister-of-Lyme-Regis",
"https://brill.com/view/book/9789004232549/B9789004232549-s011.xml?lang=en",
"https://www.weihenstephaner.de/en/our-brewery/history/"
],
[]
] | |
i4a2r | If bees really are dying due to cell phones, can we solve the problem by having cell phones use a different frequency, or satellites instead of towers? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/i4a2r/if_bees_really_are_dying_due_to_cell_phones_can/ | {
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"c20ryx4",
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"score": [
3,
3,
5
],
"text": [
"My understanding is that it's not cell phone towers, but has actually been linked to a specific chemical known as clothianidin which is used as a pesticide. The thing is, I'm not sure if this is the la... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.panna.org/sites/default/files/Memo_Nov2010_Clothianidin.pdf",
"http://www.fastcompany.com/1708896/wiki-bee-leaks-epa-document-reveals-agency-knowingly-allowed-use-of-bee-toxic-pesticide"
],
[
"http://arstechnica.com/science/news/2010/10/dying-bee-colonies-linked-to-a-fungus-and-virus-i... | ||
2hr2dl | is there anyway you could beat cancer without any kind of treatment? if so how does it work? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2hr2dl/eli5_is_there_anyway_you_could_beat_cancer/ | {
"a_id": [
"ckv8din",
"ckv8kg0",
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"ckv8u0m",
"ckv9053",
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"score": [
3,
5,
17,
3,
5,
3
],
"text": [
"Not really. Cancer is a group of abnormal cells that your body has already failed to take care of. ",
"The only known way is a vacc... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
1pf2li | how does the endocrine system work? | I have a big biology test coming up tomorrow and I just need someone to help me understand how the endocrine system works. My book has a way of making everything look more complicated then necessary. So please: explain like I'm five. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1pf2li/eli5_how_does_the_endocrine_system_work/ | {
"a_id": [
"cd1nhcb"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"I feel I should put this out here before you get an answer.\n\nIf you're from the UK, certainly, you'll be doing college level (A2) biology to be doing the endocrine system in any detail, so an ELI5 just won't cut it for your test.\n\n"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
6outy3 | I was told that the Germans let the british evacuate from Dunkirk so that a peace with Britain could be reached. Is there any truth to this? | [deleted] | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6outy3/i_was_told_that_the_germans_let_the_british/ | {
"a_id": [
"dkke6ow"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"While you are waiting for an answer to your particular question, you may be interested in the [background around the German 'halt' prior to Dunkirk](_URL_0_) by u/threechance "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6lds2b/why_did_hitler_not_crush_the_british_army_when_he/djtaq0b/"
]
] | |
3byau2 | what is the difference between a mod and an admin and why are there problems between them? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3byau2/eli5_what_is_the_difference_between_a_mod_and_an/ | {
"a_id": [
"csqo0e4"
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"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"An admin is someone employed by Reddit. They show up red when they respond to threads. Mods moderate individual subreddits and are not employed by Reddit. They show up green in subreddits they moderate.\n\nYou can read about the problems on prett... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1jvp16 | Most impressive regional market collapses? | What I am asking about is *not* total economic collapses of the "it's cheaper to burn money than to buy firewood" variety. Rather, things like the Dutch tulip bubble, or the North American video game collapse of 1983, where a booming market for specific products suddenly, catastrophically collapsed. What other examples... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1jvp16/most_impressive_regional_market_collapses/ | {
"a_id": [
"cbj85gy"
],
"score": [
2
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"text": [
"Northeastern Pennsylvania mined a lot of Antricite coal in the region around Scranton. This coal did not produce as much heat as bitimous coal, but it was slower burning and left far less ash behind. Antricite ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2abi7h | why is imgur the 'default' image hosting for reddit? | OK maybe I'm a bit out of the loop or something, but all the top voted posts on reddit are generally imgur image links. How did imgur come to be the most popular, and why is it if an image is hosted on some other site it is frowned upon? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2abi7h/eli5_why_is_imgur_the_default_image_hosting_for/ | {
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14,
2,
11,
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],
"text": [
"Imgur was designed by Alan Schaaf in 2009 as a gift to reddit users who complained about other image hosting sites being rubbish. The reason its still used... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imgur"
],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AdviceAnimals/comments/1gvnk4/quickmeme_is_banned_redditwide_more_inside/"
],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
8m3ipy | Colorblindness comes from a defect in the cones to perceive colors, is there a version where the cones work, and the rods are deficient? | Most of the information I see on color blindness is around the inability of eyes to detect specific wavelengths due to changes in the cones, however, I'm curious if there is a inverse colorblindness of sorts, where people are able to see all wavelengths of color, but aren't able to discern intensities or values coming ... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/8m3ipy/colorblindness_comes_from_a_defect_in_the_cones/ | {
"a_id": [
"dzkvipp",
"dzl6dad",
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"score": [
80,
23,
2
],
"text": [
"I'm not aware of a disease that exclusively affects rods, but retinitis pigmentosa is a progressive disease that generally affects rods *first*, and then cones later on. The loss of rod activity while... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
bnkwas | How long does food take to pass through your system? | I remember being told that the answer was somewhere around 2 days, but I also know that if I eat really spicy food then it's only a few hours before I feel it on the other end. Is that because my body thinks something's wrong and is trying to get it out quickly? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/bnkwas/how_long_does_food_take_to_pass_through_your/ | {
"a_id": [
"encdyk8"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"That's right. \n\nThe \"normal\" time can vary enormously. It's different for every person, and it also changes based on what you've had to eat and drink. The usual figure quoted is 24 to 72 hours. In some otherwise healthy people it can take 100... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1nbarr | In a car, if I'm in 2nd gear at 3000 rpm, do I consume more or less fuel than in 5th gear at 3000 rpm? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1nbarr/in_a_car_if_im_in_2nd_gear_at_3000_rpm_do_i/ | {
"a_id": [
"cch2fk7"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"**EDIT** you will use less fuel in 2nd gear but the mileage will be worse. The engine is less efficient at lower loads (load is lower in 2nd because vehicle is going slower). So physically the fuel used is lower. **BUT** because you are not trave... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Brake_specific_fuel_consumption.svg"
]
] | ||
a1uazp | when a foreign policy official cites, "vital us interests" is he or she referring to an actual list? what are they and who decided? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/a1uazp/eli5_when_a_foreign_policy_official_cites_vital/ | {
"a_id": [
"easrmwv",
"easrv7z",
"eatbth8"
],
"score": [
2,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"'Vital US Interests' or 'Vital National Interests' or any number of variation on these are just catch all terms used by everyone. It means its important for some reason but they're not going to talk ab... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
817c0o | why do public schools (and many offices) exclusively use internet explorer? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/817c0o/eli5_why_do_public_schools_and_many_offices/ | {
"a_id": [
"dv0znek",
"dv0zr6q",
"dv139cv",
"dv17d6u"
],
"score": [
32,
2,
4,
3
],
"text": [
"Certain settings in Internet Explorer can be controlled through a Windows Domain environment with something called Group Policy. For instance, you can use Group Policy to enforce ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
4nbbv7 | Where does the traditional bell tower melody come from? | [deleted] | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4nbbv7/where_does_the_traditional_bell_tower_melody_come/ | {
"a_id": [
"d42snyl",
"d4362qf"
],
"score": [
2,
7
],
"text": [
"Are you referring to [Westminster Chimes](_URL_0_)? To be precise, the second repetition isn't quite the same as the first, and often the full tune is only played on the hour.\n",
"Ther is a magnificent and thorough wor... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://youtu.be/SdWN59fEzIE?t=28"
],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QsAP-Ba4Eew"
]
] | |
ccmh9s | why does bird feces sparkle? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ccmh9s/eli5_why_does_bird_feces_sparkle/ | {
"a_id": [
"etnvjzh"
],
"score": [
11
],
"text": [
"Bird poop sparkle because of the bones they eat from bugs. There’s this chemical in bugs called, “Chintin” which makes it hard for the birdies’ to digest"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1pa1hr | i cut my finger while drunk the other night and noticed i barely felt it, what is going on in the brain that dulls the pain? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1pa1hr/eli5_i_cut_my_finger_while_drunk_the_other_night/ | {
"a_id": [
"cd0ahpn"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Alcohol is a depressant. Its essentially just like any painkiller. It slows and dulls the reaction of your nerves. It doesnt do all the work in the brain, although that is part of it."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1m48px | why won't a socialist form of government work for the united states? (and if it would, why would it?) | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1m48px/eli5_why_wont_a_socialist_form_of_government_work/ | {
"a_id": [
"cc5mdqp"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"The culture in the US is not like the culture in Europe. This includes what it means to be successful and what it means to be happy. In America you are successful if you make a lot of money, enough to provide your family with a house, a car, coll... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
jipro | Washing Hands at the Bathroom | So, we're all aware of the virtues of washing our hands. However, I cannot see anything particularly dirty about touching your penis, or the sink in the bathroom, or anything else you're likely to put your hand on when going to the bathroom.
Is there actual some reason why you should specifically wash your hands after... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/jipro/washing_hands_at_the_bathroom/ | {
"a_id": [
"c2cg3xw",
"c2chn7t",
"c2cg3xw",
"c2chn7t"
],
"score": [
3,
2,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"See this article for some discussion: _URL_0_\n\nBasically, bathrooms are bacteria pits. You should always wash your hands if you go into one, even if you didn't use the toilet. \n... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/exchange/node/1839"
],
[],
[
"http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/exchange/node/1839"
],
[]
] | |
l88rj | google's search algorithm | I know it might be a trade-secret or something, but essentially what makes Google's search so much better? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/l88rj/eli5_googles_search_algorithm/ | {
"a_id": [
"c2qkf1p",
"c2qkfsz",
"c2qlw5j",
"c2qkf1p",
"c2qkfsz",
"c2qlw5j"
],
"score": [
2,
5,
3,
2,
5,
3
],
"text": [
"Like your 5?\n\nThey have bigger computers.",
"A lot is trade secret, but there's 4 things you should read:\n\n1. [Their SEO Guide](... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://labs.google.com/papers/mapreduce.html",
"http://labs.google.com/papers/gfs.html",
"http://www.google.com/support/webmasters/bin/answer.py?answer=70897"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://labs.google.com/papers/mapreduce.html",
"http://labs.google.com/papers/gfs.html",
"http://www.g... | |
1jf3nw | When historians use dates from times before the institution of the Gregorian calendar within that area, do they adjust it to what it should be in the Gregorian system or do they just use the Julian date? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1jf3nw/when_historians_use_dates_from_times_before_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"cbe1p79"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"They almost always adjust it to the Gregorian system."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] |
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