q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
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values | url stringlengths 4 132 | answers dict | title_urls list | selftext_urls list | answers_urls list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
v8s20 | how do fountain drinks work? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/v8s20/how_do_fountain_drinks_work/ | {
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"Soda pop is a combination of syrup flavouring and carbonated water. Fountain drink dispensers have a tank underneath which uses Carbon Dioxide gas, water and pressure to make carbonated water. The syrups (flavour of pops) co... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
4ck513 | why do our eyes sometimes fixate on a certain spot? | Occasionally, my eyes just get stuck on a certain spot, and it happens randomly. I don't see anything noteworthy at that spot and it takes some time to get rid of that feeling. I don't blink in the meantime, they just fixate and don't move, no matter what. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4ck513/eli5_why_do_our_eyes_sometimes_fixate_on_a/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The same thing happens to me- I always just associated it with zoning out, and so it might have something to do with our brains trying to solve something subconsciously, or something like that.",
"The same thing happens ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
anokpf | how does iso, shutterspeed and if you shoot raw/large jpeg/etc affect your photos? | My mind doesn't wanna grasp the answers I've been trying to research and watch videos but I still cannot get it. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/anokpf/eli5_how_does_iso_shutterspeed_and_if_you_shoot/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"I'm not a photographer but I do understand these concepts enough to explain them to a 5 year old :)\n\nISO is the sensitivity of the light sensor. Lower number means it is less sensitive, higher is more sensitive. This also affects the quality of... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
36pu1v | What causes the rejection of xenotransplanted organs? | So i know that the antibodies are responding to antigens, but is there anything else that's involved? Are there any specific surface marker proteins on the cells of the xeno-organ that the body doesn't recognize? And if so could gene therapy be a possible solution to the issue? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/36pu1v/what_causes_the_rejection_of_xenotransplanted/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"There are actually several mechanisms of rejection. One is the one you're referencing -- the host's immune system recognizes the transplant as 'foreign', develops antibodies, and wipes it out after some time. \n\nIt's tricky to hide antigens on a... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1exrkt | Viewing the moon from different hemispheres. | I step outside my home in Tasmania (southern most part of Australia) one night and view the moon. The next day I fly to a northern hemisphere location (say Glasgow in Scotland) and observe the moon again. Will it appear 'upside-down' in terms of the 'usual' view of it I get at home in the Southern Hemisphere? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1exrkt/viewing_the_moon_from_different_hemispheres/ | {
"a_id": [
"ca4u768"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"Yes it will, because you have changed your orientation.\n\nHere are two links that fill you in more on this matter.\n\n[This link](_URL_1_) explains what is going on. \n\n[This one](_URL_0_) has a number of images that show the effect."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/time/moon/hemispheres.html",
"http://curious.astro.cornell.edu/question.php?number=775"
]
] | |
3siql2 | why is *french bashing* a thing in the uk, whereas it basically doesn't exist in other countries like spain or italy? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3siql2/eli5eli5_why_is_french_bashing_a_thing_in_the_uk/ | {
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"text": [
"We've been taking it in turns to beat each other in wars for about 1000 years. It's traditional and actually based in grudging respect.",
"Answers so far... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://youtu.be/Q_iHYDMNh-0?t=8m6s"
],
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7q0spd | Why did European pagan kings convert to Christianity? What advantages were there, or was it purely belief based? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7q0spd/why_did_european_pagan_kings_convert_to/ | {
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"text": [
"I've written on this topic several times, here are some of my answers\n\n[Here I deal broadly with northern and eastern Europe](_URL_1_)\n\n[This is more focused specifically on the Norse](_URL_0_)\n\n",
"Christianity b... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6ii1fq/how_did_the_conversion_from_norse_pagan_religion/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7hh7tl/why_did_so_many_central_northern_and_eastern/"
],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/72f794/in_the_tv_show_vikings_bot... | ||
1d5wy0 | Can, or will humans eventually be able to process other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1d5wy0/can_or_will_humans_eventually_be_able_to_process/ | {
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"text": [
"Such a mutation could be possible, but it would need to offer a reproductive advantage for it to spread. \n\nMore likely, as we integrate technology into our bodies, we will engineer the ability "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
7ca419 | What was the name the Hittites used to refer to themselves? | Do we know what they called themselves? Hittites is a name used in the Bible and later historians gave that name to this people. I know their language was called nesili (Neshite) but I can't seem find a source where their native name for themselves is mentioned.
Thanks! | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7ca419/what_was_the_name_the_hittites_used_to_refer_to/ | {
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"text": [
"That is, in fact, because they did not name themselves like a distinct ethnic group (which makes sense, since they never were a homogenous ethnic group). \n\nInstead, they called themselves \"men/sons of the land of Ḫatti\",... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1l01e7 | why gases are transparent, while solids and liquids, at least when thick enough, are opaque? | Or would pure O2 be opaque if you had a large enough layer of it?
EDIT: For the sake of argument, lets have the gas be O2. Light won't travel through water more than 1000 m (at least ocean water).
Is oxygen completely transparent in visible light, or is it like water, opaque if the layer is thick enough. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1l01e7/eli5_why_gases_are_transparent_while_solids_and/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Every element or molecule that exists reflects light differently, so your question is very, very broad. Every substance changes its properties when transitioning from a solid-liquid-gas, as well.\n\nWe can generalize a bit though. In a gaseous ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
33fgf8 | What was the purpose of the wild animal trade in Ancient Rome? It couldn't have just been to kill them in the coliseums? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/33fgf8/what_was_the_purpose_of_the_wild_animal_trade_in/ | {
"a_id": [
"cqkg49x"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"The purpose was mainly to use them for the entertainment of citizens at spectacles, not only at Rome but throughout cities in the Mediterranean World. They generally would have been killed in animal hunt games. We have a series of letters between... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2y6r2a | if you masturbate a lot (20 times in 2 days) what happens to your body? limp penis? | What are the effects and will they go away? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2y6r2a/eli5_if_you_masturbate_a_lot_20_times_in_2_days/ | {
"a_id": [
"cp6s3op"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"You will probably bruise it. It will start to hurt, your balls will get swollen from the constant \"vibrations\"."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3tdjkn | how can individual us states deny syrian immigrants after obama made the decision to allow them? and what happens if every state denies them residence? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3tdjkn/eli5_how_can_individual_us_states_deny_syrian/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Legally they cannot deny entry. What they can do is deny them State jobs, and State aid. They would still be able to get normal jobs and federal aid. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
r985u | does "air" have a weight? | I don't really know how to word this but I'll try my best.
The oxygen we breathe, does it have a specific weight? Would it even be effected by gravity at all since it doesn't have a specific surface area?
I know this is a really dumb question but then again so am I... > . > | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/r985u/eli5_does_air_have_a_weight/ | {
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"Absolutely - there would be no reason for air to stick around on planet Earth were it unaffected by gravity.\n\nAnything that has mass is affected by gravity, and all atoms have m... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
5nr5ui | During World War Two, were there any actions of large ships having to repel boarders? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5nr5ui/during_world_war_two_were_there_any_actions_of/ | {
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"text": [
"Honestly, none that really stand out, and really there weren't many times when enemy vessels even got that close to each other.\n\nFor large vessels the one moment that is probably foremost in the public mind and imaginatio... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Glowworm_deploying_smoke.jpg"
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[]
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3vfzgu | why do dogs hump human beings even though they know they are not dogs? why do other mammals not hump the way dogs hump? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3vfzgu/eli5_why_do_dogs_hump_human_beings_even_though/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Humping is a show of dominance in the dog world. Don't let your dog hump you, you hump him. It'll learn really quickly who is in charge. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
az0ro7 | how was robot chicken allowed to parody all of the things that they did without getting sued for some sort of copyright infringement? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/az0ro7/eli5_how_was_robot_chicken_allowed_to_parody_all/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Because parody is considered [protected under the First Amendment.](_URL_0_) It is exempted from copyright infringement by its very nature.",
"Copyrights and trademarks don't bar any and all mention or representation of... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.hg.org/legal-articles/why-is-parody-protected-under-the-first-amendment-34481"
],
[]
] | ||
212p0l | What scientific evidence suggests the 'world' is made up of atoms? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/212p0l/what_scientific_evidence_suggests_the_world_is/ | {
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"text": [
"You can read an explanation of this at the end of the [very first chapter of the Feynman Lectures on Physics](_URL_2_) (they're freely available to read on Caltech's website!) The last 4 paragraphs tack... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-ray_crystallography",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brownian_motion",
"http://feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/I_01.html#Ch1-S1"
],
[
"http://nano.anl.gov/news/highlights/2011_graphene_stm.html",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scanning_tunneling_microscope"
],... | ||
9r4opl | why does it feel like a car is moving faster when you're in the passenger seat? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9r4opl/eli5_why_does_it_feel_like_a_car_is_moving_faster/ | {
"a_id": [
"e8e6abl"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"The car doesn't feel faster, *per se*, but you as a passenger feel less safe because you're not the one driving the car."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
mqqle | What would happen if a human experienced zero magnetism? | Would we just fall over? Could we even function or does Earth's magnetic field/magnetic forces even tie into a human's operation? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/mqqle/what_would_happen_if_a_human_experienced_zero/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"If you mean the absolute lack of any electromagnetic fields, then it would get pretty weird. There would no longer be solid objects, for instance. All that stops you falling through the ground is electrostatic repulsion. ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2ecvpo | Did anyone flee from WEST Germany to EAST? | It's common knowledge that people escaped from East Germany to West Germany. But did it ever occur the other way around?
I'm not being thick or anything, I know that West Germany was a more progressive, open and democratic society. But people "escape" western democracies today to more authoritarian countries in hope ... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2ecvpo/did_anyone_flee_from_west_germany_to_east/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"I don't know of anyone who permanently left West Germany to go east, but at least some members of the Red Army Faction used East Germany as a safe haven to evade the authorities in West Germany. It wasn't political, just p... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/8448961/Hans-Joachim-Tiedge.html",
"https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/kent-csi/vol4no4/html/v04i4a01p_0001.htm",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Western_Bloc_defectors",
"http://www.theguardian.com/news/2003/feb... | |
3uqt6u | Why do the gas forms of different substances have the same volume if the amount of moles is the same? | Based on the ideal gas law, if 1 mole of two substances in their gas state have the same temperature and pressure, then their volume is the same. Why is this? Wouldn't larger molecules occupy more space, and therefore contribute to a larger volume? I'm thinking oxygen and starch. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3uqt6u/why_do_the_gas_forms_of_different_substances_have/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The difference between condensed states like liquids and solids versus gas phase is that the molecules in a gas are not in contact - it's mostly empty space. The molecules don't form many interactions, and their shapes don'... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ideal_gas_law"
],
[]
] | |
176z46 | u.s. tax returns? | In the U.S., why do we pay taxes only to get some of that money back in tax returns? And how can people owe taxes? I've always been confused about this "magic money" they send me... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/176z46/eli5_us_tax_returns/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"When you get a tax refund, the government has determined that you had too much income tax witheld from your paychecks during the year. Essentially, you've accidentally loaned the government money (for f... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
2mymfo | if powder cocaine and crack cocaine are essentially the same thing, why is there so much more of a stigma attached to crack? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2mymfo/eli5_if_powder_cocaine_and_crack_cocaine_are/ | {
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e59jvh | breathing in air is how the lungs expand, but what make the lungs expand on their own? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/e59jvh/eli5_breathing_in_air_is_how_the_lungs_expand_but/ | {
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"text": [
"You have a muscle called the diaphragm, which is basically a large sheet of muscle tissue under your lungs. \n\nWhen you breathe in, that muscle goes down, ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracic_diaphragm"
],
[],
[]
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3xzwk4 | Why do electrons exist in a cloud around the nucleus rather than being drawn in by EM force and merging with the nucleus? | All the answers I've seen talk about "they don't orbit, they exist as probability waves" but this doesn't answer the question for me. If there is an attractive force between protons and electrons, why is there any probability that electrons will be found outside of the nucleus? Does it boil down to the Pauli Exclusion ... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3xzwk4/why_do_electrons_exist_in_a_cloud_around_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"cy9vo28"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"The stability of the atom is an old and complicated problem. It is a very good question, \"why doesn't the electron smack into the proton and stay there if they are attractive?\"\n\nThe answer is that the energy of the hydrogen atom is bounded to... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://projecteuclid.org/download/pdf_1/euclid.bams/1183555452",
"http://ergodic.ugr.es/statphys/bibliografia/lieb3.pdf",
"http://www.pha.jhu.edu/~rt19/hydro/node1.html"
]
] | |
ngjud | how an animated audio and video is synced up | How do animated movies make it look like the character is actually speaking? this may be easy to answer but i've always wondered
EDIT: ANIMATED MOVIE... GOSH I AM DUMB | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ngjud/eli5_how_an_animated_audio_and_video_is_synced_up/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"First, the actors record the audio\nThen, the animators make what's called a [dope sheet](_URL_0_) to figure out how many frames it will take for the words to be spoken.\nAnimate and fine-tune your animation until perfect!... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.desktopacademy.com/images/06_SoundtrackBreakdown_DopeSheet.jpg"
],
[
"http://www.desktopacademy.com/images/06_SoundtrackBreakdown_DopeSheet.jpg"
]
] | |
3e2d5o | To what extent are accusations of French complicity In the Rwandan Genocide based on documented facts? | is it really true that while most of the West didn't act, the French went a step further and supported Hutu militias well after April 1994? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3e2d5o/to_what_extent_are_accusations_of_french/ | {
"a_id": [
"ctbsu2c"
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"text": [
"First, there's a couple of sources that may be useful to you if you'd like to look into this further:\n\n* Prunier, Gerard. *[The Rwanda Crisis: History of a Genocide](_URL_2_).*\n* ---. *[Africa's World War: Congo, the Rwandan Genocide, and the ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.amazon.com/Africas-World-War-Continental-Catastrophe/dp/0199754209/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1437539314&sr=8-1&keywords=gerard+prunier",
"http://www.hrw.org/reports/pdfs/r/rwanda/rwanda993.pdf",
"http://www.amazon.com/Rwanda-Crisis-History-Genocide/dp/023110409X/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8... | |
62ughp | how is the carbonation in sparkling water stored, and why does it come out when agitated? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/62ughp/eli5_how_is_the_carbonation_in_sparkling_water/ | {
"a_id": [
"dfp87u8"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Carbonated \"sparkling\" water is bottled in a high-pressure facility. The high pressure of the air allows for more gas molecules to become dissolved in the water. When the bottle leaves the facility, it retains the pressure, and the carbon dioxi... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
b7h0y6 | what happens when you stretch your back or neck that causes dizziness or pain in your head ? | Is this bad for you, should i stop? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/b7h0y6/eli5_what_happens_when_you_stretch_your_back_or/ | {
"a_id": [
"ejrnr05"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Could be a blood pressure issue? Or Lehmets (sic) Sign which is a commonly reported symptom of MS.\n\nIt could be arterial or an issue with your nervous system.\n\nDoes this happen with only stretching? Or do your bones crack when you stretch?\n\... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
b0flz4 | why do muscles like your biceps and triceps hurt after a workout, but your heart doesnt get sore after a workout like a hard run? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/b0flz4/eli5why_do_muscles_like_your_biceps_and_triceps/ | {
"a_id": [
"eie9yzi"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"They’re made of different muscles. Cardiac muscle is unique in that it is continuously in use and does not need rest. Other muscle - the kind you use when you work out gets “tired”, and literally torn up after use which causes it to grow. This, ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
169mw1 | Why is "papal states" a plural word? Were they multiple official states all with the pope as their head? Was it one effective government? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/169mw1/why_is_papal_states_a_plural_word_were_they/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"The Papal States were plural because they were a collection of various city states and territories under the Papacy. There was no concept of federalism, and it was merely a name for a collection of territories under the ful... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
9ywfxp | how do phone companies make their old phones run slower, intentionally, when a new phone gets released? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9ywfxp/eli5_how_do_phone_companies_make_their_old_phones/ | {
"a_id": [
"ea4knea"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"They stop updating it for one.\n\nI'm pretty sure they also install malware to make it run even slower. Either that or it's the shady porn sites I keep visiting"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2imkx0 | Was an amphibious landing in the style of Gallipoli ever considered by the allies on the WWI Western front? | If not why? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2imkx0/was_an_amphibious_landing_in_the_style_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"cl3kd5o"
],
"score": [
27
],
"text": [
"There were certainly musings about it. I do remember reading somewhere that Fisher was a proponent of an invasion of the North coast of Germany in Frisia, however, there were several problems with this.\n\nFirst, and the largest elephant in the ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
9yng12 | how do animated film drawings/readings stay relatively uniformed considering there are 1000s of artists with different drawing skills and traits? | Renderings*
Each artist has their quirks, traits, and ability level. How do animated features stay consistent in design throughout the movie when there are 100s or 1000s of artist drawing/rendering a single movie? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9yng12/eli5_how_do_animated_film_drawingsreadings_stay/ | {
"a_id": [
"ea2q81s"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"Being able to draw \"on model\" is a required skill for hand animators. This means being able to replicate the way that character is drawn within some very, very precise restrictions. Drawing the character's head 2% to big, or drawing the angle... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1mtlv6 | how did we end up finding osama bin laden and why did it take ten years to do it? | Seems like the longer it went, the harder it would've been to find him. Seemed like the good news came out of nowhere. How'd it happen? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1mtlv6/how_did_we_end_up_finding_osama_bin_laden_and_why/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccci1di",
"cccisbh"
],
"score": [
13,
2
],
"text": [
"It's actually the exact opposite. These people build there lives ready to go into hiding at a moments notice, so it's hard at first to find them. \n\nBut the longer they hide, the harder it gets. Eventually someone makes a ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
8oxmt2 | In what ways did Russia support the Chinese communist party during the civil war? | I can’t find evidence of whether the support was militaristic or logistical | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8oxmt2/in_what_ways_did_russia_support_the_chinese/ | {
"a_id": [
"e074jio"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"Between the years of 1921-1927 the Soviet Union was heavily involved in the establishment of the Whampoa Military Academy by sending a plethora of advisors and instructors to train officers within the KMT-CCP alliance. If I recall correctly the K... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1uhjr9 | If a neutrino passes through water, is it considered going faster than light because a photon in water would be moving slower? | I know the neutrino would still be traveling slightly slower than the constant speed of light in space, but light travels differently throughout water, so would be considered traveling "faster" than light at that point in space?
P.s. The neutrino would be traveling in the same direction as the light.
Extra Credit aka ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1uhjr9/if_a_neutrino_passes_through_water_is_it/ | {
"a_id": [
"cei5qs7",
"ceich4w"
],
"score": [
4,
15
],
"text": [
"Yes. This is often how they are detected: they interact with a nucleus in water and an electron is emitted, and the electron because it is moving faster than the speed of light in water, emits Cerenkov radiation, which is e... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation"
]
] | |
3vcn1n | Why do human cells have difficulty replicating as we age but bacteria and other single celled organisms do not? | I know human cells have telomeres and bacteria often do not. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3vcn1n/why_do_human_cells_have_difficulty_replicating_as/ | {
"a_id": [
"cxndvsw",
"cxne2qw"
],
"score": [
3,
3
],
"text": [
"Actually, single celled organisms do show aging, and this was only discovered fairly recently. Here are two examples.\n\nWith rod shaped bacteria, each division leaves you with a newly generated pole and an inherited pole. I... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/abstract/S1550-4131(12\\)00237-9",
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20735346"
],
[]
] | |
3jf5bv | what's the difference between micellar water and regular tap water? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3jf5bv/eli5whats_the_difference_between_micellar_water/ | {
"a_id": [
"cuopf23",
"cuopfy8",
"cuopp2n"
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"score": [
2,
2,
3
],
"text": [
"Micellar water contains the following ingredients: Water (Aqua), Hexylene Glycol,Glycerin, Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) FlowerExtract, Panthenol, Niacinamide, Sodium AscorbylPhosphate, Peg-6 Capryli... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
yq9l9 | Are there actual cognitive benefits of Lumosity? | I just saw a YouTube advertisement for the site "_URL_0_." In the ad, they claim that simple puzzles available on the site can improve neuroplasticity, increasing PROCESSING SPEED and WORKING MEMORY.
My first reaction to this was that this is either:
(1). No different than any other puzzle, like a crossword
(2). No di... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/yq9l9/are_there_actual_cognitive_benefits_of_lumosity/ | {
"a_id": [
"c5xur10"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"The neurological benefits of tasks such as the \"dual n-back\" are fairly well supported.\n\nWhether or not the costs of joining a commercial website are worthwhile to an individual is not really within the realms of science without a comparative... | [] | [
"http://www.lumosity.com/"
] | [
[]
] | |
1puk8q | What were Greek and Roman attitudes towards foreign languages like? | As far as I'm aware, the formal study of language in the ancient world was restricted to works on the grammar of the language they were written in—but was any serious attention given to others, especially those that we now recognize as more distantly related (e.g. Hebrew, Egyptian, Celtic languages)? For that matter, w... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1puk8q/what_were_greek_and_roman_attitudes_towards/ | {
"a_id": [
"cd6b57w",
"cd6dtf5"
],
"score": [
18,
2
],
"text": [
"Well, the term \"barbarian\" derives from the Ancient Greek \"βάρβαρος\" (barbaros) which was itself derived from an onomatopoeia of \"barbarbar\", which is how Ancient Greeks characterized the sound of foreign languages. T... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
ksjai | Why does smoke come out of my soda when I open it? | I understand its not smoke, and it has something to do with pressure changes but I don't get the exact physics behind it. Thanks for the help! | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ksjai/why_does_smoke_come_out_of_my_soda_when_i_open_it/ | {
"a_id": [
"c2muka2",
"c2muka2"
],
"score": [
3,
3
],
"text": [
"That 'smoke' is actually carbon dioxide vapor. When you open a bottle the CO_2 come out of solution.",
"That 'smoke' is actually carbon dioxide vapor. When you open a bottle the CO_2 come out of solution."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
6d5j2x | Why is it currently less common for the earth to encounter a large comet or asteroid than it was millions of years ago? | I was reading Astrophysics for People in a Hurry and one of the lines gave me pause "earth's occasional encounters with large comets and asteroids, a formerly common event"
NDT doesn't explain why this is, simply that it was formerly a common event.
I assumed that it was either the universe was expanding and now th... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6d5j2x/why_is_it_currently_less_common_for_the_earth_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"di03nyf",
"di09pji"
],
"score": [
38,
5
],
"text": [
"Asteroids and comets are predominantly remnants leftover from formation of the solar system. Over the billions of years that our solar system has been around, these leftover bits have mostly had an unsteady orbit which caus... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1bmgcx | On a given flight (say a 737 from Dallas to LA), how much does an extra pound of weight cost in fuel? | With all the recent hubbub over "pay what you weigh," how much does being fat actually cost? I'm aware that there a lot of variables here, but I'm at least looking for a ballpark estimate. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1bmgcx/on_a_given_flight_say_a_737_from_dallas_to_la_how/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9844i1"
],
"score": [
26
],
"text": [
"A Boeing 747 has a lift/drag ratio of approximately 17:1 while cruising. The -400 Domestic variant of the plane has a maximum takeoff weight of 875,000 pounds, and an empty weight of about 400,000 pounds.\n\nLet's assume the airplane begins ful... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1z0m0g | Bell's Theorem rules out local hidden variables. What is a non-local (global?) variable, and why isn't that ruled out? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1z0m0g/bells_theorem_rules_out_local_hidden_variables/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfpgf3h"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"It's not the variables that are non-local, it's the theory. A theory is \"local\" if all interactions are fundamentally short-range. For relativistic theories that basically translates to \"no interactions happen faster than the speed of light\".... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
vqx0j | the first past the post voting system and why it always devolves into bipartisanship. | Extra points if you can *actually* explain it to a five-year old. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/vqx0j/eli5_the_first_past_the_post_voting_system_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"c56twe0",
"c576b0m"
],
"score": [
4,
3
],
"text": [
"Let me leave this here:\n\n_URL_0_",
"Let's see if I can manage to condense this into a kid-friendly analogy without missing anything important.\n\nSay you're in class with all your friends, and the teacher gives you an ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7tWHJfhiyo&list=PL87DB3F7E8107A4AE&index=3&feature=plcp"
],
[]
] | |
6xzncf | I'm not sure if this is the right place to ask but where does anti-union sentiment/propaganda come from? | I applied for a job and had to sit down and watch a video demonizing worker's unions, praising themselves as being nonunion like it was a badge of honor
My dad was in UAW growing up and they were always good to us, i always understood unions as being a good thing | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6xzncf/im_not_sure_if_this_is_the_right_place_to_ask_but/ | {
"a_id": [
"dmki0fe",
"dmksym6"
],
"score": [
14,
29
],
"text": [
"Just to make sure since you don't specify, are you from the united states and are you asking specifically about the history there?",
"Anti-union propaganda has a long and distinguished history, going back to the foundi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://books.google.ca/books?id=CcU7z9jLqXcC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemuel_Boulware",
"https://books.google.ca/books/about/Selling_Free_Enterprise.html?id=W4p8-BAs0dcC&redir_esc=y",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boulwarism"... | |
1wh6h8 | What would a medieval city guard/night watch actually do? | To be specific, what would guards in a city in either: Western Europe, Southern Europe, or the Middle East do ca. 1100-1600? What were their duties? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1wh6h8/what_would_a_medieval_city_guardnight_watch/ | {
"a_id": [
"cf2jyp2"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"A large part of the job (at least in European and Byzantine cities) was to be on the watch for Fire. A small fire could be a real threat to entire cities until the 1900's. The night or fire watch would rally the population to fight the fire. G... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2l0380 | Who was first — do Croats originate from the Serbs or do the Serbs originate from the Croats? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2l0380/who_was_first_do_croats_originate_from_the_serbs/ | {
"a_id": [
"clqnjrn"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"I think you are missing a few possibilities:\n\n* The Serbs and Croats could each originate from a separate group.\n* The Serbs and Croats could be an incomplete mixture of each other and/or other groups.\n\nTo give an example, lets ask the quest... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2193n5 | What Did Subcultures Look Like Before the Middle of the 20th Century? | It seems like subculture, especially among youth, has been much more popular in the last few decades then ever before. Is that true? When people look back at Beatniks, Flappers, and Bohemians it always seems like the modern imagination of old-timey cities that are bursting at the seams with underground culture might be... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2193n5/what_did_subcultures_look_like_before_the_middle/ | {
"a_id": [
"cgb0oo3"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"[I answered a slightly similar question before that you might check out](_URL_0_)\n\nSubcultures, though the term is anachronistic, did exist before the mid 20th century, but in general they can be assumed to be smaller. The vision of subculture... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1z9tfi/question_regarding_subunderground_culture/"
]
] | |
v21bh | Why are synthetic drugs not assumed to be similar in toxicity as their more well known natural counterparts? Are most of them so different chemically that they break down into drastically different compounds? | Is it completely THAT unsafe to assume most of them will react similarly since they induce similar psychoactive effects? Please explain why or why not with as much example as possible. Thank you! | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/v21bh/why_are_synthetic_drugs_not_assumed_to_be_similar/ | {
"a_id": [
"c50lsmf"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Inducing similar psychoactive effects in no way reflects any structural similarity, if any. In additional, structurally similar compounds can be broken down differently as well.\n\nSo not only is it unsafe to make that assumption, _there is no ba... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3oyrqe | why does it take so long to change the resolution on my monitor? | I mean, when I change the resolution in the OS settings or set a game to fullscreen, it takes like a second or two. Is the process so complicated? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3oyrqe/eli5_why_does_it_take_so_long_to_change_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"cw1nb38"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Many of the things involved with displaying graphics are cached (stored) in memory somewhere to make drawing new things on the screen much faster. When you change your resolution, your computer basically wipes out most of that cache and rebuilds ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4j1pd6 | why is there such poor oversight over the fbi? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4j1pd6/eli5_why_is_there_such_poor_oversight_over_the_fbi/ | {
"a_id": [
"d32wuz0"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"What evidence do you have that they are crossing constitutional lines all the time?\n\nAdditionally what evidence do you have that they are never penalized? If someone broke a law while conducting classified work, the results of that penalty woul... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1m9nu9 | are all websites hackable, and why (not)? | Is there any website that is 100% secure and cannot be hacked into? Or are all websites subject to holes in their security that can be exploited? Why or why not? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1m9nu9/eli5are_all_websites_hackable_and_why_not/ | {
"a_id": [
"cc72wtx",
"cc72zv6",
"cc731tz",
"cc73n1z"
],
"score": [
2,
2,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"All websites are theoretically hackable, secured or not, the only way to guarantee a site cannot be hacked is to make a front page to the site which required high level authenticat... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
4e7uvo | Venetian army in the Dark Ages | How were the military forces of Venice organised at the very beginning of the Republic - 8th-10th century? Did they rely on a militia of conscripted local people, or did they hire foreign mercenaries? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4e7uvo/venetian_army_in_the_dark_ages/ | {
"a_id": [
"d26yb72"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Sorry for the late reply, I've had many questions saved for a week and I've only hust been able to answer now. So here we are, three centuries in which a lot of things happen for the republic. As a matter of fact, it would seem that the Republic ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Pentapolis_within_the_exarchate_of_Ravenna.png",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Agilulf%27s_Italy.svg",
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/Laguna-22-giugno-2008_253.jpg"
]
] | |
88coll | how do video games know when a bullet hits the opponent? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/88coll/eli5_how_do_video_games_know_when_a_bullet_hits/ | {
"a_id": [
"dwjkqd3",
"dwjl071",
"dwjp2vl"
],
"score": [
3,
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Depends on the game. I believe games such a battlefield actually send a bullet projectile and just record the position of contact on the player.\n\nI might be talking shit but that's my best guess.",
... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
rs0y3 | What awesome historical events would be perfect for movies? Example: Naumanchia (naval battles in amphitheaters) | [_URL_0_](_URL_0_) | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/rs0y3/what_awesome_historical_events_would_be_perfect/ | {
"a_id": [
"c486xrq",
"c487cyu",
"c487gaq",
"c488bzv",
"c488s5q",
"c48d3d1",
"c48q2lh"
],
"score": [
2,
4,
2,
3,
5,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Western Canadian bias here, but the Red River and Northwest rebellion would make great informational movies. Few p... | [] | [
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naumachia"
] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/HistoryPorn/comments/rtlzl/the_death_match_kiev_1942_460x321/"
]
] | |
689h85 | how does body dysmorphia work? | I mean, i have a vaguely idea of what it is, but i don't really understand how it works, how it affects someone, or how can someone develop it, help? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/689h85/eli5_how_does_body_dysmorphia_work/ | {
"a_id": [
"dgwwcuf",
"dgx0kf8",
"dgxh8gw"
],
"score": [
7,
5,
2
],
"text": [
"Ok, the super simple answer- body dysmorphia is when you see a different version of your body than what is real. This can happen when a person puts a lot of stress and anxiety into how they look. For ex... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
4cw58d | Is there any truth to the assertion that "never get involved in a land war in Asia" is the most famous classic blunder? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4cw58d/is_there_any_truth_to_the_assertion_that_never/ | {
"a_id": [
"d1lxn98"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"I believe your quote has two origins: *The Princess Bride* (the answer is no) and General Douglas MacArthur (the answer is yes)\n\n**THE PRINCESS BRIDE**\n\nAs for the movie's quote, I would not place any true geopolitical or historical weight be... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
9dvage | How can our brains be so energy efficient when compared to computers, and why do they not overheat? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/9dvage/how_can_our_brains_be_so_energy_efficient_when/ | {
"a_id": [
"e5khxbx",
"e5lncup"
],
"score": [
57,
7
],
"text": [
"The premise of this question is flawed. Your brain is not more efficient than a computer in general, but it is also wrong to say a computer is more efficient. As of now, there are calculations that a computer performs bette... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
3cjt2c | if i access the internet on my own phone through the companies wi-fi, can they see what i've been browsing and does this create any legal worries? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3cjt2c/eli5if_i_access_the_internet_on_my_own_phone/ | {
"a_id": [
"csw61c3",
"csw66po",
"csw8owk"
],
"score": [
11,
3,
3
],
"text": [
"Yes they can see everything that goes through. \n\nIf you're using SSL they'll only have the websites visited, not logins or anything like that.\n\nI personally don't trust any public hotspot or access... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
3mgk9t | In WWI, how did an airborne artillery spotter direct the guns to the correct target? | I know that in the later stages of the war, aircraft were used to find targets for the artillery, but I want to know exactly how they did it. Did the pilot have a map with a grid, and radioed the battery to fire on a particular square? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3mgk9t/in_wwi_how_did_an_airborne_artillery_spotter/ | {
"a_id": [
"cvez0gh"
],
"score": [
8
],
"text": [
" > Did the pilot have a map with a grid\n\nYep; they'd typically carry a map with them, then identify the target's location on a particular square, then they'd either radio it in using the wireless, or use a weighted container to drop a message ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
4ga7sa | what's the difference between coding and programming ? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4ga7sa/eli5_whats_the_difference_between_coding_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"d2ft2us"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Ultimately, nothing.\n\nThough, you'll get some people who'll define coding as the act of actually writing code, and programming being the overall process including design/architecture/etc."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1xt1a7 | What forms of entertainment did Native Americans have, pre 20th.c? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1xt1a7/what_forms_of_entertainment_did_native_americans/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfecr9o",
"cfejzf0",
"cfels8z"
],
"score": [
7,
2,
4
],
"text": [
"The Washoe, the Northern Paiutes, and the Shoshone of the Great Basin enjoyed gambling. [This image](_URL_0_) shows a group of gamblers in Virginia City, Nevada ca. 1880 (or slightly before). They are u... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://imgur.com/byIaNvn",
"http://anthropology.si.edu/handbook.htm"
],
[
"http://www.mightymac.org/michilimackinac.htm"
],
[
"http://www.mcc.gouv.qc.ca/fileadmin/documents/publications/patrimoine/archeologie/MRC_HSL.pdf",
"http://imgur.com/a/5NuBj"
]
] | ||
2yp8mc | what are the advantages/disavantages of using google's/opendns dns instead of my isp? | Sorry if this has been asked before - I searched for a while but couldn't find anything this specific. Basically, what I'd like to know is what are the advantages and disavantages of changing my DNS to Google or OpenDNS instead of using the one that my ISP provides.
So far, I only know of one advantage: I can avoid th... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2yp8mc/eli5_what_are_the_advantagesdisavantages_of_using/ | {
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"Using a DNS server is like asking someone for directions to a website. You give it a common name like \"_URL_0_\" and it looks up an address for you: [206.190.36.45](_URL_1_) that your computer can get a website from.\n\nDNS servers talk to each ... | [] | [] | [
[
"yahoo.com",
"http://206.190.36.45/",
"thepiratebay.se"
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i7d1k | Why would a unicellular organism have multicellular ancestors? | Hi askscience! I was reading [this](_URL_0_) article over in r/science about how scientists believe they have evolved single celled yeast into a multicellular organism and that's cool and all but this part of the article caught my attention:
> Sceptics, however, point out that many yeast strains naturally form > col... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/i7d1k/why_would_a_unicellular_organism_have/ | {
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"text": [
"I'm not a biologist, so just speculating, but this level of multicellular life is the simplest kind imaginable. You're not talking about the cells from an oak tree or an elephant. ... | [] | [
"http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21028184.300-lab-yeast-make-evolutionary-leap-to-multicellularity.html"
] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexactinellid",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amebocyte",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slime_mold"
]
] | |
20wx1z | Does eating food with pesticides kill the good bacteria in our gut? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/20wx1z/does_eating_food_with_pesticides_kill_the_good/ | {
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"text": [
"[This CDPR leaflet](_URL_0_) goes over some of the basics of how pesticides can be ingested and the basic principle that greater exposure and greater toxicity... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/dept/comguide/effects_excerpt.pdf",
"http://journals.lww.com/joem/Abstract/1979/11000/Mortality_of_Pesticide_Applicators.7.aspx",
"http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/riskassess.htm",
"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0041008X98984873",
"http:... | ||
907309 | why do power lines go over mountains rather than following roads? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/907309/eli5_why_do_power_lines_go_over_mountains_rather/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Pushing through more line increases transmission losses, which means the generating stations must work that much harder to provide power.\n\nSince the roads that climb over mountains tend to be winding, you'd be *significantly* longer if you foll... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
8alp62 | how does soft plaque form in arteries? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8alp62/eli5_how_does_soft_plaque_form_in_arteries/ | {
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"text": [
"The disease is called atherosclerosis.\n\nWhat happens is when you have a lot of lipids (fats), this will build up on the walls of your blood vessels. Other factors like blood glucose level, hormones and other effects trigger your white blood cel... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
6r1sz2 | why is it that we don't tend to recall the things surrounding our tv or screens when we watched them? | For instance, when we are watching a cartoon on our tv or phone, we look back on it, but only tend to remember the scenes themselves? Why is it we don't remember the things surrounding the screen like our hand holding the phone? Or the frame and stuff around a tv? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6r1sz2/eli5_why_is_it_that_we_dont_tend_to_recall_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"dl1pbon"
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"text": [
"The human brain has evolved to only pay attention to changes in nearby environment and ignore anything that doesn't change. This is from our ancestors' need to look out for food/prey, danger, rivals, etc. We ignore stuff that doesn't move because... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
cpg2mb | Are there more germs on hands or feet? | My colleague and I were talking about why feet are considered gross, and we assume that feet have more bacteria and other germs than hands, but is this actually true? Just curious.
I did a few googles but couldn't find anything remotely related except [this AskReddit thread](_URL_0_) where no one had anything conclusi... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/cpg2mb/are_there_more_germs_on_hands_or_feet/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Unsurprisingly I couldn’t find any research on weather there were more bacteria on hands or feet. My educated guess would be there are more on your feet though.\n\nThe majority of people wash their hands many more times a day than they wash their... | [] | [
"https://reddit.com/r/AskReddit/comments/i7cro/arent_feet_typically_cleaner_than_hands_why_are"
] | [
[]
] | |
31efwx | Why do people get stiff necks with meningitis? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/31efwx/why_do_people_get_stiff_necks_with_meningitis/ | {
"a_id": [
"cq1eepr"
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"text": [
"Meningitis is an inflammation (usually infectious) of the meninges, which are the membranes surrounding the central nervous system. They surround the brain but also form a continuous space down into the spinal cord. For this reason, when you flex... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
3cy0br | If you start falling towards a gas giant planet, would your fall ever end and how? | Of course, assuming that you're a supernatural being unaffected by lack of breathable air or immense gravity. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3cy0br/if_you_start_falling_towards_a_gas_giant_planet/ | {
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"text": [
"As [this post on an earlier thread](_URL_0_) noted, you will eventually stop falling at the altitude where the ambient density equals your density (about 1 g/cm^3 , since water is nearly incompressible). However, the descent to that depth will b... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/12eggw/seeing_as_how_jupiter_is_a_gas_giant_what_would/c6ulszb"
]
] | |
wkq7e | Please help me understand the structure of a non-terrestrial planet (gas giant?) | I understand that terrestrial planets (earth, venus, mercury, mars) are rocky-surfaced planets. I am curious, though, about the non-terrestrial planets. I hope I don't come across as an idiot; I just don't really quite understand. Is there an actual physical planetary body as with the others? Or are they totally made o... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/wkq7e/please_help_me_understand_the_structure_of_a/ | {
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"text": [
"Gas giants have a solid core, with the gas as a very thick atmosphere. ",
"I've been meaning to ask this. Yeah, all planets have solid cores. But why only planets further than Mars are gas giants? ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
47b4ha | I've heard people mention that black people owned slaves in American history--what data exists to support this and could any of those be black people trying to free slaves? | It doesn't seem like the claim itself is revisionist, but rather the conclusions that people try and draw from it. But I really don't know, and I'd like to hear some real information.
As for my second question, are we sure all these people are real slaveowners? I don't know very much about slave laws but in order to f... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/47b4ha/ive_heard_people_mention_that_black_people_owned/ | {
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"text": [
"You are exactly right in your assessment of the situation.\n\nWe do have evidence of black slave owners from as early as the 17th century onwards (though the first laws properly regulated slavery and affirming its racial basis only appear in the ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1k85mw | Questions about the "Paleo" diet or: what did cavemen really eat? | This has nothing to do with the health aspects of the paleo diet. But today over lunch I was talking with my wife (a paleo-er).
We got off topic about the diet, and as the fairly pedantic guy I am I brought up the fact, that I think there isn't much that we eat today that cavemen actually ate. Tomatoes for insta... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1k85mw/questions_about_the_paleo_diet_or_what_did/ | {
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"text": [
"Paleo-Indians in South America definitely ate tomatoes. Diets differ all around the world, so to know what \"cave people\" ate, first what time period, sec... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BMOjVYgYaG8"
],
[
"http://hells-ditch.com/2012/08/archaeologists-officially-declare-collective-sigh-over-paleo-diet/",
"http://www.pnas.org/content/98/13/6993.full"
],
[
"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/iceman-last-meal.html"
]
] | |
279rr5 | why do dogs walk at an angle when walking "straight"? | I have had 6 dogs in my lifetime and notice they all share a similar trait of walking at a 10 degree'ish angle when walking forward and it has always looked funny to me. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/279rr5/eli5why_do_dogs_walk_at_an_angle_when_walking/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Because if they walk in a straight way, their back and front paws hit each other when they are walking but if they walk at an angle they don't.",
"The real question here is, why do they poop north?... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nESyr_-M6po",
"http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/projects/saortho/chapter_91/91mast.htm",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iPBmW7nB0Qg"
]
] | |
3e0w9j | why do people giggle when they're tired? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3e0w9j/eli5_why_do_people_giggle_when_theyre_tired/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"people giggle when they're tired?",
"An Eli5 was like this before, Essentially you have less control over your emotions the more sleep deprived you are."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
a0sqz5 | Is there "air resistance" in space? | Yes, I understand that space is a vacuum and that there isn't actually air out there. That being said, I was reading about the interstellar medium and nebulae and was wondering if the density of space would affect the speed of an object going through it. For example, would there be any noticeable change in velocity of ... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/a0sqz5/is_there_air_resistance_in_space/ | {
"a_id": [
"eak6xui"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"So there is sort of drag in space, but it's an incredibly tiny effect - if it wasn't, then the stars would all slow down and spiral down into the centre of the galaxy.\n\nRecently, there was a paper suggesting that the interstellar asteroid 'Oum... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
h1ipt | Is there any interspecies communication on Earth, not including humans? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/h1ipt/is_there_any_interspecies_communication_on_earth/ | {
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8,
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"text": [
"Define \"communication\". \n\nThat might sound like an unhelpful way to answer, but the answer to your question hinges entirely on what sort of definition yo... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/3526867.stm"
],
[
"http://www.earth-touch.com/result.php?i=Trees-attract-and-repel-giraffe"
],
[
"http://io9.com/#!5623112/the-smell-of-freshly+cut-grass-is-actually-a-plant-distress-call"
],
[]
] | ||
36lqh0 | Did the hippies of the 60's really form the base for the Republicans as they grew older? | I've heard this a lot, but as far as I am aware the number of hippies wasn't actually very high, so I imagine some fudging is done about just people from the 60's voting republican, as opposed to hippies in particular. But a cursory googling isn't finding me much good stuff about this. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/36lqh0/did_the_hippies_of_the_60s_really_form_the_base/ | {
"a_id": [
"crf9maj"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"No, for the most part, they did not.\n\nThere is little truth to the idea that as one grows older one also grows more conservative. In actuality, age cohorts (people who were born around the same time and had similar cultural experiences) gravi... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://graphics8.nytimes.com/newsgraphics/2014/07/06/generations2/assets/cohort_voting_20140707.pdf",
"http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/07/08/upshot/how-the-year-you-were-born-influences-your-politics.html?abt=0002&abg=1&_r=0"
]
] | |
2mw7ce | how do sommeliers detect other flavors like pineapple, mango, lime etc. in wine? isn't it just supposed to be fermented grape juice? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2mw7ce/eli5_how_do_sommeliers_detect_other_flavors_like/ | {
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"text": [
"You might be quite surprised at how dramatically the yeast and the fermentation conditions can affect the flavor of grape juice, not to mention the enormous variability in grapes.",
"You're correct; there's nothing in a ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
84a864 | I've heard that pirate treasure maps are ahistorical; what about buried treasure? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/84a864/ive_heard_that_pirate_treasure_maps_are/ | {
"a_id": [
"dvo11xh"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"You're right or at least I've never heard of treasure *maps* but pirates do certainly appear to have buried treasure under certain circumstances which there are a number of accounts of and I've written about in [this post](_URL_0_)."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7xqjrb/thursday_reading_research_february_15_2018/duauqlf/"
]
] | ||
3rwqrb | why do we dream about school (e.g., missing a final exam) for the rest of our lives? why isn't it ever about anything fun? do other cultures dream about something similar? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3rwqrb/eli5_why_do_we_dream_about_school_eg_missing_a/ | {
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"score": [
6,
12,
5,
2
],
"text": [
"Sounds like something specific to yourself. Almost all of my dreams are fun, exploratory adventure-type things. Also, mine don't contain much talking, if any. I think everyone has... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
1qzu4x | how does water "reset" bed hair? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1qzu4x/eli5_how_does_water_reset_bed_hair/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"I was seriously going to post this after work tonight. Good call! Curious to see the answers.",
"I'd like to know also. My hair is shorter as a guy and depending on how I sle... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
1s6j0x | I've become interested in the corruption that grew as a result of the Transcontinental Railroad. | -but am having trouble with my research as a result of conflicting information. What are some solid, reliable resources that I can utilize to get the most accurate information? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1s6j0x/ive_become_interested_in_the_corruption_that_grew/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdudpyh"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"I'd start with Richard White's new book. Corruption in the railroad business at the time is a major theme, but there's a great deal more as well. It's detailed, readable, and had a great bibliography that should point you where you want to go. \n... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
6ij2wd | Does every animal experience the genetic effects of dwarfism? | I feel like a lot more attention would be put toward pictures of large or wild animals with dwarfism...I.e. Elephants, rhinos, lions, owls, etc. Or do they just not survive in the wild so it's hard to tell? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6ij2wd/does_every_animal_experience_the_genetic_effects/ | {
"a_id": [
"dj7dumd"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"No, dwarfism is not present in most species.\n\nThat being said, there are definitely examples of it outside of humans. Many dog breeds (corgis, bulldogs, dachshunds, etc) have a genetic basis for dwarfism or \"achondroplasia\" as it's called in ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2sai56 | What area do our eyes actually focus on when we look at something? | Do our eyes focus on an infinitesimal point in space, or is there an angular area that our mind actively processes? Does that mean everything outside that point/area is peripheral vision? How does the brain process information that our eyes are not focusing on? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2sai56/what_area_do_our_eyes_actually_focus_on_when_we/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
2,
3
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"text": [
"there's an idea called the \"spotlight of attention\", where you're only able to attend to (crudely, \"process\") local regions of your visual field, but you can move that region around and vary its size. [this review paper]... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010028501907558",
"http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.ps.37.020186.000355"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fovea_centralis#mediaviewer/File:AcuityHumanEye.svg"
]
] | |
4nj9br | When did mankind understand hallucinogens, like mushrooms? | I was engaged in a conversation about at what point in human history were we capable of understanding that eating mushrooms were the cause of hallucinations. What early civilizations identified certain foods as being known hallucinogens? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4nj9br/when_did_mankind_understand_hallucinogens_like/ | {
"a_id": [
"d451ch1"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"The use of hallucinogens dates back to prehistory. Psychedelic mushrooms grow naturally in Northern Europe and there's a lot of speculation that in some places they were probably used as a part of shamanistic rituals. The use of peyote, mescaline... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
az0oat | what is a software? how does it tell the computer what to do? computers and other electronics are just a bunch of circuits. how do we communicate with the? how was the first program written? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/az0oat/eli5_what_is_a_software_how_does_it_tell_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"ei4lhc7",
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"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"That's a lot of questions you got there. Let's start slow...\n\nAll software is, is basically just a set of instructions to a computer to do something. The list of instructions is usually really, really long and complex, but... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://thenextweb.com/shareables/2013/09/18/the-very-first-computer-bug/"
],
[
"https://www.quora.com/How-does-computer-hardware-understand-binary-digits"
]
] | ||
1tgdwi | if dragons were real, how would they breath fire? | Lets say dragons would exist, which two fluid they combine to make this big fire. How much of this fluid they need to produce to have a big flame. Are there a fluid which would ignites itself when u combine it with air? Is this even posible for living being to do that? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1tgdwi/eli5if_dragons_were_real_how_would_they_breath/ | {
"a_id": [
"ce7nqkm",
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"score": [
6,
2,
3
],
"text": [
"There's a bug that can combine two gases into one, creating a toxic cloud. I reckon a dragon's fire would work similarly.",
"Hmmm maybe an organ that produces/stores hydrogen gas and a mechanism in ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
4mjh75 | Is there any difference between the mass acquired by Higgs mechanism and the mass that results from energy? | I'm struggling to find an answer to this in part perhaps because I, struggling to word the query in a google friendly way.
If they are equivalent then why do we need the Higgs mechanism.
If they aren't equivalent then do we have an odd situation where energy does not always lead to mass? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4mjh75/is_there_any_difference_between_the_mass_acquired/ | {
"a_id": [
"d3w34yt"
],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"The mass acquired by the Higgs mechanism *is* mass that results from energy. Mass is just energy confined by a force to an average rest frame. You can think of interactions with the Higgs field as a force that keeps a massless particle confined,... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2xno8o | how can women only own 1% of the worlds property? | The international women's day is coming up soon. A lot of pictures like this one: _URL_0_ is speading on my facebook page, and I wonder if, and in that case how this is possible? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2xno8o/eli5how_can_women_only_own_1_of_the_worlds/ | {
"a_id": [
"cp1prlc",
"cp1pz8n"
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"score": [
3,
10
],
"text": [
"They don't consider jointly owned property 50/50",
"That image is on _URL_2_ because of [this article](_URL_0_) debunking the figures. The figures seem to turn up in 1978, with minimal justification. The 10% of income c... | [] | [
"http://cdn.theatlantic.com/static/mt/assets/hua_hsu/cohen_onepercent.jpg"
] | [
[],
[
"http://www.theatlantic.com/sexes/archive/2013/03/women-own-1-of-world-property-a-feminist-myth-that-wont-die/273840/",
"http://oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/killer-factcheck-women-own-2-of-land-not-true-what-do-we-really-know-about-women-and-land/",
"theatlantic.com"
]
] | |
3m6nnu | Accuracy of Orwell's 'Homage to Catalonia' assertions on the political side of the Spanish Civil War 1936-39 | I am not close to finishing the book, but Orwell has a chapter on the political dimension of the war near the end of the first fifth of the book that I found rather interesting to read and wanted to know if his view on that aspect of the war is accurate. I am paraphrasing here what he describes in a long chapter:
Basi... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3m6nnu/accuracy_of_orwells_homage_to_catalonia/ | {
"a_id": [
"cvcg9jm"
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],
"text": [
" > So, is all of this correct? If so, I am especially interested as to the reasons why the USSR didn't want Spain to become fully socialist\n\nOrwell isn't far off. He's coming at it from a biased point of view (the faction within the Republica... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
37olu9 | how long would it take to launch a mission to europa find life in that moon and get a scientific confirmation? | If that mission gets approved today would I see the results in my lifetime considering the current technology? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/37olu9/eli5_how_long_would_it_take_to_launch_a_mission/ | {
"a_id": [
"croirz4"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Well, work began on the [Galileo probe](_URL_0_) in 1977, it was launched in 1989, and it arrived at Jupiter in 1995. The Galileo probe was delayed because work on the Space Shuttle was a higher priority, but a hypothetical Europa probe would pro... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_%28spacecraft%29"
]
] | |
2glt9w | How did the Russian reputation for fatalism, real or stereotyped, develop? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2glt9w/how_did_the_russian_reputation_for_fatalism_real/ | {
"a_id": [
"ckkqflu"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"In what Russians wrote about themselves there is no fatalism, but there is concept of \"Avos\". \"Avos'\" is used in the same sense as the Arab \"insh'allah\" (or, say, Spanish \"ojalá\") - \"let's hope that...\" and when Russians are asked why t... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://cache.osta.ee/iv2/auctions/1_1_8119373.jpg"
]
] | ||
vzvvp | When you are congested, why is it difficult to inhale through your nose but still easy to exhale? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/vzvvp/when_you_are_congested_why_is_it_difficult_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"c593d13"
],
"score": [
8
],
"text": [
"If you are very congested, the pathway between your sinuses and the outside becomes constricted, limiting airflow.\n\nIf airflow is limited and:\n\n1) you exhale, you create positive pressure in your sinuses, which will tend to force your airways... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1bya1u | why you shouldn't say anything to a cop without a lawyer and how exactly a lawyer protects you from incriminating yourself when being questioned | Edit: Thanks all | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1bya1u/eli5_why_you_shouldnt_say_anything_to_a_cop/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9b7xye",
"c9b7y59",
"c9b80fq",
"c9b82qt",
"c9b9zmh",
"c9bao04",
"c9bduww"
],
"score": [
7,
31,
3,
6,
15,
3,
3
],
"text": [
"Cops are legally required to read you your Miranda rights if you are put under arrest, which include 'the right ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6wXkI4t7nuc"
],
[]
] | |
1yvs5n | Why is the tricolor flag so popular in Europe? | Why is it that in Europe the tricolor flag became popular? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1yvs5n/why_is_the_tricolor_flag_so_popular_in_europe/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfob9io"
],
"score": [
28
],
"text": [
"Basically the tricolor often symbolized revolutions and liberty, and generally Republican values as well. The first example still in use today is the Dutch \"prince's flag\" under which Dutch rebels were fighting against Spanish rule. \n\nBut th... | [] | [] | [
[]
] |
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