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3ijin5
how is it that certain koi and other pond fish are so expensive?
Obviously healthier and bigger fish will be worth more, but what separates a $50 Koi from a $5000 Koi? Aren't they just pets?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3ijin5/eli5_how_is_it_that_certain_koi_and_other_pond/
{ "a_id": [ "cuh0rs2" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "The same difference between a $50 dog and a $5,000 dog. Pedigree, in addition the expensive Koi have been bred for specific patterns and colors. Its not like a breeder is just netting random fish out of a pond and assigning arbitrary prices. " ...
[]
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[ [] ]
4j69ko
what makes some sounds scary/ominous while others happy/uplifting?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4j69ko/eli5_what_makes_some_sounds_scaryominous_while/
{ "a_id": [ "d342eqg" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "Consonance and Dissonance!\n\nSounds are waves. Sometimes, those waves stack up into nice sounds because all the waves run on frequencies that go together well. This is consonance. Sometimes, those waves will be running in different ways, not rea...
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[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tritone", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonality", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consonance_and_dissonance" ] ]
1r3ebj
what does it mean for a song to be in major/minor key?
And if you could explain what something like "in the key of C" means too, go ahead. I think I have some idea, but it'd be nice of you.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1r3ebj/eli5_what_does_it_mean_for_a_song_to_be_in/
{ "a_id": [ "cdj6dxv", "cdjakwe", "cdjare1" ], "score": [ 3, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "There are 12 notes in western music (any higher or lower and the same notes repeat again, an octave higher or lower). If you played them all in a row, it would sound like a pretty boring linear progress...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [] ]
6c75w2
why is it that when we feel sudden pain (like a sting) our hearing seems to amplify?
Sometimes when you're trying to pop a painful zit or get stung or otherwise feel sudden pain, your hearing seems to amplify and get a little distorted. What is happening in our body and why?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6c75w2/eli5_why_is_it_that_when_we_feel_sudden_pain_like/
{ "a_id": [ "dhsf2zk" ], "score": [ 4 ], "text": [ "My guess, (not an expert) your body says \"hey someones attacking us, focus\" cuz adrenaline. Basically your whole body goes into defence/ready mode because it thinks it's in danger. I wpuldnt be surprised if your eyesight/smell/sense of balance ...
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[ [] ]
2cb07a
where do pharmacies get drugs from?
I personally use a CVS pharmacy, so let's use them as the example. The way I imagine it, there's two options for how I get my medications: 1) The corporation that runs the CVS Pharmacy chain contacts, negotiates, and purchases all the different drugs it needs from the pharmaceutical companies. Seems like a lot of over...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2cb07a/eli5_where_do_pharmacies_get_drugs_from/
{ "a_id": [ "cjdohea", "cjdqkx7" ], "score": [ 4, 2 ], "text": [ "Actually the logistics and distribution are handled on the supply side - by the drug manufacturers themselves. Most companies will have some sort of warehouse/distrubution centre where orders from individual pharmacies are p...
[]
[]
[ [], [] ]
8bq8kw
if sony and microsoft are always competing for market with their games consoles, why do both consoles always have similar specifications,(why doesnt one company just use a better graphics card to win over the market)
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8bq8kw/eli5if_sony_and_microsoft_are_always_competing/
{ "a_id": [ "dx8q2ak" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Same reason Toyota don't just make mid engine V12 supercar and sell it for peanuts...shits expensive. \n\nThey need to find a balance between power, and being able to sell it cheap enough that enough people purchase it to warrant third-party deve...
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[]
[ [] ]
33aqto
if obesity is medically proven to cause negative health effects, how are parents not charged with child abuse/child endangerment?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/33aqto/eli5_if_obesity_is_medically_proven_to_cause/
{ "a_id": [ "cqj3lu4", "cqj48cn", "cqj50nw", "cqj5qvt", "cqj5w6c", "cqja3wr" ], "score": [ 9, 6, 24, 2, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Because people are very sensitive about their weight, and about the governments controlling their lives", "There's also a matter of...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
5hwvie
why are mice the preferred "testing" subjects in scientific experiments?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5hwvie/eli5_why_are_mice_the_preferred_testing_subjects/
{ "a_id": [ "db3k445", "db3pft7", "db3qhaw", "db3qny6", "db3qvjw", "db3rz3g" ], "score": [ 55, 142, 17, 4, 5, 3 ], "text": [ "They're similar enough to humans for most testing purposes. And they reproduce so fast that it's very easy to set up pure genetic bl...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euarchontoglires", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanism" ], [] ]
85skwi
Did the MI6 support far-right extremists during the Years of Lead in Italy?
To expand a bit on my question: Are there any records of the MI6 (and/or other entities, e.g. the CIA or NATO), in connection to their role in this period of civil unrest in Italy? I'm aware that Western and Soviet governments influencing politics in foreign countries was just business as usual during the Cold War (...
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/85skwi/did_the_mi6_support_farright_extremists_during/
{ "a_id": [ "dvzrvrp" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "Hi there. I participated in [this discussion](_URL_1_) about Italian Politics in the 1970s which might answer some of your questions. \n\nThere is also [this discussion](_URL_0_) about the alleged, and debunked, accusations of foreign participati...
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[]
[ [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6yzkqz/to_what_extent_did_the_united_states_support_the/", "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6slsf0/where_did_the_years_of_lead_get_their_name_from/" ] ]
a5eboc
how did i suddenly develop food allergies at 27 years old.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/a5eboc/eli5_how_did_i_suddenly_develop_food_allergies_at/
{ "a_id": [ "eblzfg2", "ebmbl9s" ], "score": [ 7, 2 ], "text": [ "You may not like this, but the answer is: we don't know.\n\nPeople need to become sensitive to an allergen before any allergic reaction can take place, so that means they can't be allergic the very first time they are expose...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_allergy_syndrome" ] ]
41vtt6
why companies likes at & t, sprint, etc don't build more cell phone towers to compete with coverage?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/41vtt6/eli5_why_companies_likes_att_sprint_etc_dont/
{ "a_id": [ "cz5ivfu" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "They are constantly building new towers. Technology is improving at such a rate that you have to upgrade all your existing towers every few years. If you have so many towers, it can very difficult to upgrade every single one. They will usually...
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[ [] ]
9ip6bq
why do windshield wipers make the window streaky for the first few strokes?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9ip6bq/eli5_why_do_windshield_wipers_make_the_window/
{ "a_id": [ "e6lepo5" ], "score": [ 4 ], "text": [ "Because there are points on the blade with more pressure on them than others which is why there are streaks. After a few passes the parts with less pressure clean off as well as the parts with more pressure " ] }
[]
[]
[ [] ]
56i350
why do people say that exercise is relatively useless for weight loss, compared to diet?
[deleted]
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/56i350/eli5_why_do_people_say_that_exercise_is/
{ "a_id": [ "d8jfjjg", "d8jfzn1", "d8jg4t5", "d8jg58p", "d8jn72j" ], "score": [ 2, 2, 3, 25, 2 ], "text": [ "Basically,the final outcome is what matters:calories in vs calories out (this more complex with macro and micronutrients to have a balanced diet,though)\nSo,...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [ "http://www.fitday.com/fitness-articles/fitness/how-exercise-affects-your-metabolism.html" ] ]
jyjsk
How do extra chromosomes effect human reproduction? (x-post from askreddit)
In particular I am trying to understand if having a chromosomal abnormality will create a baby born sterile. I understand that in the animal kingdom, while a horse can mate with all of Equidae, any offspring will be born sterile (i.e. Mules, Zedonks, etc), at least partially because of the difference in chromosomal inv...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/jyjsk/how_do_extra_chromosomes_effect_human/
{ "a_id": [ "c2g5iu7", "c2g5iu7" ], "score": [ 3, 3 ], "text": [ "Not sure if this is what you mean, but it depends on the syndrome.\n\nPeople with down syndrome have an extra \"21\" chromosome and are generally perfectly capable of reproducing. However, some chromosomal abnormalities do c...
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[]
[ [], [] ]
2ym0by
can someone give me a bipartisan description of the iran deal, why obama wants it (using his logic) and why the republicans don't (using their logic)?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ym0by/eli5_can_someone_give_me_a_bipartisan_description/
{ "a_id": [ "cpatwsv" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "Sure. Obama thinks there is a path to a non-nuclear Iran that does not involve military action. The republicans (and Israel) think there is danger that Iran will get the bomb while Obama is talking, and therefore we should take military action ...
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[ [] ]
200gvr
how is the network fox able to have a show like cosmos, which endorses evolution and the big bang, when it shows conservative propaganda all day?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/200gvr/eli5_how_is_the_network_fox_able_to_have_a_show/
{ "a_id": [ "cfymxmc", "cfymz74", "cfyn12a", "cfyo1fm" ], "score": [ 3, 2, 6, 3 ], "text": [ "The daytime crowd are older and more conservative, the prime time crowd is younger and more progressive.\n\nThey tailor their programming to who they expect to be watching TV at th...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
zsqwf
explain like i'm five "the higgs bison"
My dad has been telling me about the higgs boson, but I'm just not understand it. Could some one help me? **EDIT** its higgs boson sorry I've been spelling it wrong Some me In-boxed me this link _URL_0_ It kind of help.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/zsqwf/explain_like_im_five_the_higgs_bison/
{ "a_id": [ "c67f2y5", "c67gdov", "c67v0kn" ], "score": [ 3, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "First of all you need to know that we don't know why gravity works.\n\nOk, so you know how electricity was this big mysterious force that we couldn't explain? Then we found out a particle, the electron...
[]
[ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rd2G660IsDI" ]
[ [], [], [] ]
5lsc5f
what causes the feeling of impending doom in a medical context, and why is it regarded as a reliable indicator of a patient's condition?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5lsc5f/eli5_what_causes_the_feeling_of_impending_doom_in/
{ "a_id": [ "dby1s0y", "dby497a", "dby7dqu", "dbydwlf", "dbydywa", "dbytfc7" ], "score": [ 6, 10, 2, 9, 2, 6 ], "text": [ "It's a feeling of being kind of disconnected and frightened. Woke up during heart surgery, That's what it was like for me. ", "Do d...
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[]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
5bp16n
why do people always apologize for formatting on mobile. i usually use mobile and i do it to. what's mobile do to formatting?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5bp16n/eli5_why_do_people_always_apologize_for/
{ "a_id": [ "d9q5dcc", "d9q6tek" ], "score": [ 3, 3 ], "text": [ "Because you're typing at speed, on a small keyboard. It's more about the errors in the typing, such as random spaces or misspelt words.", "Some people use mobile clients that display formatting wrong. So unless the write...
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[]
[ [], [] ]
4y3uh8
How long did the epoch of recombination last?
I get that prior to recombination, the fully ionized plasma made it impossible for photons to travel far without scattering, meaning it was effectively opaque. But as the universe cooled, it allowed atoms to form, and opened the mean free photon path up. But how long did this process take? Everything I've seen makes i...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4y3uh8/how_long_did_the_epoch_of_recombination_last/
{ "a_id": [ "d6kwojx" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "For a lot of purposes one can treat the recombination epoch as instantaneous, but in fact it happens in a quite long time period (redshift z = ~900-1200). I would recommend to look at this [paper by mukhanov](_URL_0_), where he first of all menti...
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[ [ "http://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0303072.pdf" ] ]
1phbug
what is more hot, a microwave or an oven?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1phbug/what_is_more_hot_a_microwave_or_an_oven/
{ "a_id": [ "cd2ahnl" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "Actually, physically hot? An oven. However, where water is involved, a microwave can make something hot MUCH faster. This is because a microwave doesn't use radiant heat to warm things up." ] }
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[ [] ]
3eyp8r
Can Black Holes swallow or absorb one another? A 2nd grader asked me this and I didn't have an answer. (Astronomy question)
As the title suggests, I was talking about stars and the like to my 2nd graders and briefly mentioned black holes. One student asked if they could "eat" each other. I wasn't sure how to answer.
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3eyp8r/can_black_holes_swallow_or_absorb_one_another_a/
{ "a_id": [ "ctjo4p7" ], "score": [ 71 ], "text": [ "Yes, black holes can (and we very strongly suspect DO) merge. When this happens, they should spiral in together by emitting gravitational waves, which are ripples in spacetime that travel at the speed of light. These ripples distort space as the...
[]
[]
[ [ "http://www.ligo.org/science/Publication-NINJA2/", "http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.231102", "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VFkJ4Qf8yHw" ] ]
11x2hh
We all hear about how ancient armies marched for months across huge distances for battle. Truly what was this like and how fast could they march?
Pretty self-explanatory, just what would it be like to leave for years on end and how did a leader control both his armies and his people over thousands of miles?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/11x2hh/we_all_hear_about_how_ancient_armies_marched_for/
{ "a_id": [ "c6qcbqj", "c6qd2ab", "c6qfk68", "c6qsfp3" ], "score": [ 5, 10, 4, 2 ], "text": [ "It all depends on the location and the soldiers involved. As far as I am aware, pre-industrial armies generally could march up to, maybe, twenty miles a day, by land if they reall...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Craufurd", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_Division" ], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anabasis_%28Xenophon%29" ] ]
24vfkx
If microwaves work by creating vibration in the water molecules of food, why does your plastic or ceramic container come out so hand-burning hot?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/24vfkx/if_microwaves_work_by_creating_vibration_in_the/
{ "a_id": [ "chb2adr", "chb3bu2" ], "score": [ 3, 4 ], "text": [ "Water is not the only thing that can be excited into motion by microwaves, the motion being converted into heat.", "Microwaves aren't as simple as you made it sound. The primary tool of a microwave is the electromagnetic...
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[]
[ [], [] ]
f2685u
- why do communications companies make themselves so impossible to get hold of?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/f2685u/eli5_why_do_communications_companies_make/
{ "a_id": [ "fhale36", "fhao1ko", "fhbbph9", "fhbtp2w", "fhbw15n" ], "score": [ 14, 35, 3, 2, 5 ], "text": [ "Because IVR systems get complicated and customers far outweigh the employees. Sometimes it’s easier and sometimes a lot of people may be facing the same iss...
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[]
[ [], [], [], [], [] ]
2hj9iy
how much regular household garbage gets recycled if the homeowner doesn't recycle their trash?
Wherever trash goes, does it get recycled there? Is there a limit to how much can be thrown away?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2hj9iy/eli5_how_much_regular_household_garbage_gets/
{ "a_id": [ "ckt6g86", "ckt76vw", "ckteaov" ], "score": [ 2, 4, 2 ], "text": [ "Traditionally, it's all gone to the landfill. Some areas now have dirty mixed waste recycling facilities, though, that don't require people to separate recycling and do all of the sorting at the facilit...
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[]
[ [], [], [] ]
1qhxhz
why do pictures of screens have that striated star-like pattern?
You know what I mean, when you use your phone to take a picture of a TV or computer screen. Why does that pattern invisible to the eye, but so obvious on a photo? I took a photo of a white screen to try to illustrate it for those who aren't sure what I'm talking about. IPhone camera: _URL_0_
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1qhxhz/eli5why_do_pictures_of_screens_have_that_striated/
{ "a_id": [ "cdcyqa7", "cdd0dz7", "cdd0gg6" ], "score": [ 14, 3, 3 ], "text": [ "Ultra simple explanation: screens display images with pixels, which are dots arranged in a grid to small see with the naked eye. A camera records an image with a grid of sensors. So you have two grids ...
[]
[ "http://i.imgur.com/hc487GA.jpg" ]
[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moir%C3%A9_pattern" ], [], [] ]
2widko
why are even numbers easier to deal with than odd numbers when doing simple math in my head?
Adding, subtracting.. \ Even just running through them: 2468 seems easier and more natural than 1357 Why is that?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2widko/eli5_why_are_even_numbers_easier_to_deal_with/
{ "a_id": [ "cor4mwh" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "_URL_0_\n\ntldr; \nOdd numbers are asymmetrical and unattractive because we're hard wired from a young age to find even numbers appealing and relate-able." ] }
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[]
[ [ "http://www.wired.co.uk/magazine/archive/2014/06/ideas-bank/alex-bellos" ] ]
2erj9n
Why do we know so little about the dark ages?
Why do we know so little about the dark ages? yet we know lots of things about times long before them? did people just not write things down as much
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2erj9n/why_do_we_know_so_little_about_the_dark_ages/
{ "a_id": [ "ck2c1sg" ], "score": [ 4 ], "text": [ "A popular question that comes from a rather widespread misconception. Check out our [FAQ section](_URL_0_) on the \"not-so-Dark\" Ages and you'll see we do know an awful lot!\n\n(edited to sound less snobby)" ] }
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[]
[ [ "http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/darkages#wiki_the_.22dark_ages.22" ] ]
n1v1u
What causes material in an accretion disc to spiral inwards?
Say, in a disc around a white dwarf, why doesn't the material stay in a stable orbit around the central body? Does it have to lose energy somehow to spiral inwards?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/n1v1u/what_causes_material_in_an_accretion_disc_to/
{ "a_id": [ "c35m6ao", "c35m6ao" ], "score": [ 2, 2 ], "text": [ "It loses orbital energy to friction as the particles in the disc collide with one another.", "It loses orbital energy to friction as the particles in the disc collide with one another." ] }
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[]
[ [], [] ]
52iaqp
how many languages can a baby learn naturally during the language developmental stage?
Most kids learn one, maybe two languages during this stage, but what's to stop someone from learning, say, five or ten languages? How many is too many for them to process? Am genuinely curious about this.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/52iaqp/eli5_how_many_languages_can_a_baby_learn/
{ "a_id": [ "d7kk83b", "d7lcef2" ], "score": [ 27, 4 ], "text": [ "Unfortunately there isn't going to be a concrete answer. Theoretically any child could learn an infinite number of languages, but in order to learn any number of languages, whether 1 or 1,000, it takes immersion in the lan...
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[]
[ [], [] ]
4l9q0u
Did Britons at the time of Roman occupation know where the Romans were coming from? How aware were they about the extent of Europe as a continent, and life outside of the British Isles?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4l9q0u/did_britons_at_the_time_of_roman_occupation_know/
{ "a_id": [ "d3lo6nh" ], "score": [ 952 ], "text": [ "Short answer: Yes, they even met the Romans.\n\nLong answer:\n\nIn Cunliffe, B. W. and de Jersey's Armorica and Britain: Cross-Channel Relationships in the Late First Millennium BC, it is stated that trade between Britons and European Gauls/Rom...
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[ [] ]
85rcee
what happens to submarines during tsunamis?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/85rcee/eli5_what_happens_to_submarines_during_tsunamis/
{ "a_id": [ "dvzigmu", "dvzv0w4", "dw04739" ], "score": [ 20, 9, 3 ], "text": [ "**TL;DR:** Not much, generally, when they're out to sea. They will get shoved or moved up and down. But that shoving process is usually slow and the sub doesn't bang into anything, so it survives just ...
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[]
[ [ "https://youtu.be/IlS6535HBNk?t=140" ], [], [] ]
1pq2bb
Can capacitive touch screens determine the shape or pattern of the object interacting with them?
If I have a capacitive touch screen and various devices of different shapes like a filled square versus an outline of a square, would the screen touch sensor be able to distinguish the pattern or shape from one another? I do not mean with an iPhone or other commercially available products, I just mean in theory.
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1pq2bb/can_capacitive_touch_screens_determine_the_shape/
{ "a_id": [ "cd50mzo" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "Yes. The touchscreen has a regular grid of sensors on the device surface. Each one reports a value that describes the change in the electrical field due to presence of other objects.\n\nThis data is normally decoded to finger touches, but that's ...
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[]
[ [] ]
7uk0o9
why does earth’s magnetic field flip every (roughly) 200.000 years? what are the consequences?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7uk0o9/eli5_why_does_earths_magnetic_field_flip_every/
{ "a_id": [ "dtl70fj", "dtl7bny", "dtl7pqc", "dtl7rdr", "dtlabue", "dtlbu8z", "dtlfkzp", "dtlfwdn" ], "score": [ 175, 11, 9, 65, 3, 4, 2, 6 ], "text": [ "Science is not sure of the *why*.\n\nOur current studies of liquid convection generated ...
[]
[]
[ [ "https://physics.aps.org/story/v19/st3" ], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomagnetic_reversal#Hypothesized_triggers" ], [], [], [], [], [], [ "https://static1.squarespace.com/static/57c6f3bc725e25f822bf4657/t/57e5425cd2b8572f4232cbec/1474642536151/Geomagnetic_polarity_late_Cenozoi...
9qj0ao
What did the American Founding Fathers think of Cromwell? Was he an anti-royalist inspiration to them, or were his theocratic motivations too antithetical to their Enlightenment deism for them to admire him?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9qj0ao/what_did_the_american_founding_fathers_think_of/
{ "a_id": [ "e8a67v0" ], "score": [ 6 ], "text": [ "As always more can be said, this [answer](_URL_0_) by /u/DarthNetflix tells of varied but mainly positive opinions between the american founding fathers, from Hamilton referring Cromwell as a depsot to \nJefferson and Adams visiting English Civil...
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[]
[ [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4jiwdg/how_was_oliver_cromwell_and_the_commonwealth/d378k0p/" ] ]
1m3qzr
Tuesday Trivia | Twists and Turns: Watershed Moments in History
[Previous weeks’ Tuesday Trivias.](_URL_0_) Today’s trivia theme comes to us from /u/DanDierdorf! History is usually a slow progression of gradual change, be it social change, political change, technological change, or any other change, but every so often, things can just turn on a *dime.* **Please tell us about a ...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1m3qzr/tuesday_trivia_twists_and_turns_watershed_moments/
{ "a_id": [ "cc5hji5", "cc5idox", "cc5irgj", "cc5j3wb", "cc5kpky", "cc5lo4a", "cc5n6oh", "cc5sakz", "cc5x2rk", "cc603xr", "cc666ip" ], "score": [ 43, 12, 14, 15, 22, 6, 5, 4, 8, 4, 2 ], "text": [ "Normally, when you're...
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[ "http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/search?q=title%3A%22Tuesday+Trivia%22&restrict_sr=on&sort=new&t=all" ]
[ [], [ "http://www.worldcat.org/title/voicing-gender-castrati-travesti-and-the-second-woman-in-early-nineteenth-century-italian-opera/oclc/60603277", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Duprez", "http://www.worldcat.org/title/history-of-opera/oclc/783162474" ], [], [], [], [ "https://up...
1r4dkk
i've seen a lot of people put post-it notes over their webcam. how easy is it for someone to hack our cams? eli5!
I'm not asking for a tutorial (although I would be interested to see one). I'm more curious if this is something that people actually do, or just an over reaction by some.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1r4dkk/ive_seen_a_lot_of_people_put_postit_notes_over/
{ "a_id": [ "cdjguic", "cdjmcr7" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "It is fairly easy. I had a customer's conference service turn it on without asking. There was a school district in Pennsylvania USA that was famously caught spying on kids using them. \n\n_URL_0_", "Will the green light ...
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[ [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robbins_v._Lower_Merion_School_District" ], [] ]
67u62k
why are houses in suburbs numbered in such a peculiar way?
i.e. houses may go 1187, 1189, 1195, etc without any seemingly noticeable pattern.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/67u62k/eli5_why_are_houses_in_suburbs_numbered_in_such_a/
{ "a_id": [ "dgtg621" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "Generally, odd-numbered houses are on one side of the street, and even on another.\n\nMost places have a system where the \"hundred/thousands\" places is related to how far away from some central or otherwise predefined point; for example, around...
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w13xu
Air Conditioning Question
My home has 3 levels. The bottom 2 are air-conditioned via central air. My third floor is not tied into the central air. On the third floor, I have a window air conditioner. Question: Which is the more effective/efficient cooling? Open door to third floor allowing circulation of "house" air, or Keep door closed to ...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/w13xu/air_conditioning_question/
{ "a_id": [ "c59bg1x" ], "score": [ 4 ], "text": [ "I would close the door. \n\nUnless you have a box fan or some such actively moving cool air from the house below up to the 3rd floor, warm air will want to pool in that upper level.\n" ] }
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3yzkh0
Why did the Netherlands's Jewish population have such a high percentage killed in the Holocaust?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3yzkh0/why_did_the_netherlandss_jewish_population_have/
{ "a_id": [ "cyi6hvh" ], "score": [ 16 ], "text": [ "There were a three main reasons: \n\n1) The Dutch have a system where all people need to register themselves at their local council, stating the address where they are living. In Dutch, this is called the *Bevolkingsregister*. At the time of the...
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[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_registry" ] ]
twghj
how to catch up/develop a well informed opinion on world news and politics?
I am 21 years old and have very little knowledge of what is going on in the world as well as politics. I would like to develop a well informed opinion. Are there any especially good subreddits for this? I might try reading the New York Times but I'm sure you guys have great suggestions for me! Thanks! tldr; I know...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/twghj/how_to_catch_updevelop_a_well_informed_opinion_on/
{ "a_id": [ "c4qazmn", "c4qb242", "c4qdn3m", "c4qfmvo" ], "score": [ 4, 3, 3, 3 ], "text": [ "Personally, I like Christian Science Monitor (even though I'm an atheist. They do good reporting) and The Economist. The BBC is also good for factual stories on world events.", ...
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[ [], [], [ "http://www.theatlantic.com" ], [ "http://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/recent" ] ]
3cxi8d
what is happening between julian assange and ecuador?
As an ecuadorian, I have no idea of what is happening with this whole Assange thing and why it's poping in the news almost weekly. Every time they just show an "update", but never explain the whole thing.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3cxi8d/eli5_what_is_happening_between_julian_assange_and/
{ "a_id": [ "cszuuaw", "ct0nja7" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "I don't think there's all that much going on. The story is that, Julian Assange is wanted by several governments, including England, and his English passport has been revoked so he cannot leave the country. He was granted As...
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[ [], [] ]
18984h
The bow is better than the musket - why did Napoleon not use archers?
Bows seem to have many advantages over muskets. An archer can fire more than 12 arrows per minute - it takes way longer to reloaded a musket. Archers don't need to fire in a straight line, so they can fire over other lines of archers/friendly soldiers or walls. I heard bows were abandoned because riflemen could be tr...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/18984h/the_bow_is_better_than_the_musket_why_did/
{ "a_id": [ "c8cque6", "c8crgcr", "c8crmwa", "c8csxf8", "c8csyet", "c8ctkei", "c8cuqt2", "c8cwqwj", "c8cy2fi", "c8czx65", "c8d26j0" ], "score": [ 29, 185, 25, 10, 2, 34, 7, 6, 14, 4, 2 ], "text": [ "Very simply archer ...
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[ "http://i.imgur.com/pr6XYUQ.jpg", "http://i.imgur.com/aFT7iS4.jpg", "http://i.imgur.com/XWTbagW.jpg", "http://i.imgur.com/CyXi9JU.jpg", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bow_and_arrow#Parts_of_the_bow", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muskets#Obsolescence_and_replacement_by_the_rifle", "http://i.imgur.com/rab...
[ [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
1zwank
How did the Rothschilds protect their money?
I'm interested more in the financial aspect of it. I know there was a dad and his 5 sons, and they opened offices in several financial centers in Europe. I read the Wiki, and I would like more details about this part: > the new kind of international bank created by the Rothschilds was impervious to local attacks. Thei...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1zwank/how_did_the_rothschilds_protect_their_money/
{ "a_id": [ "cfxtfpa" ], "score": [ 16 ], "text": [ "The quote explains it. Wealth was not kept as precious metal in a building. It was transferred into bonds, debts, and stocks. People can steal gold. They cannot steal money someone else owes you. I don't know much about the Rotchschilds, bu...
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4s8c75
During the Roman Empire, what was the status of the amphora? Might one be proudly displayed during a formal meal, a bit like showing off an expensive bottle of wine today; or might a secondary vessel be used to present the wine to guests and the amphora be on par with an empty Coke bottle?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4s8c75/during_the_roman_empire_what_was_the_status_of/
{ "a_id": [ "d57e54r" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "There were different types of amphorae. There were transport type amphora, of rough ceramic, that carried wine (or fish sauce or whatever) in the bellies of ships. These would be sold by the wine merchant in town, either a whole amphora or some...
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[ [ "http://exhibits.museogalileo.it/images/vin/oggetti_944/VI.7_ph.PioFoglia%20Anfora%20Villa%20Corsini%20ex%20sequestro%20G.M_944.jpg", "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Roman_-_Amphora_with_Bacchic_Scenes_-_Walters_57708_-_Left.jpg", "http://d0cdn.artquid.com/art/0/78/20112.979092492...
2gktar
how does conception happen during a period?
Key word: conception. Not specifically sex.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2gktar/eli5_how_does_conception_happen_during_a_period/
{ "a_id": [ "ckk10ho" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "It rarely does, but...sperm can live a long time (many days) up in there and some people can have very short cycles. But...to be clear, if you think of conception as the moment the sperm enters the egg (technical definition) then it really can't...
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3ursh0
why are tattos permanent?
Shouldn't they go away when the skin cells die and rub off?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3ursh0/eli5_why_are_tattos_permanent/
{ "a_id": [ "cxh99dl" ], "score": [ 4 ], "text": [ "LIke someone said watch _URL_0_\n\nBasically the ink has large metal clusters within the dye. Lots of the dye gets \"washed away\" by your skin cells but the metal chunks stay behind because they are so big. That's why tattoos fade but never re...
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[ [ "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kxLoycj4pJY" ] ]
79th02
What are mammalian bones composed of?
I was having a discussion and the topic of bone composition came up. After doing many Google searches I found multiple sources saying bones are mostly made of minerals, namely calcium and phosphate. Yet I also found multiple sources saying bones are mostly collagen. I'm leaning toward the former, but are there any ex...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/79th02/what_are_mammalian_bones_composed_of/
{ "a_id": [ "dp4yexs", "dp4ykok", "dp5fwcc" ], "score": [ 2, 10, 3 ], "text": [ "It depends on which bone and the location within the bone, if you are just looking for a general composition [this link](_URL_1_) is pretty good.\n\n[This is the general structure of bone.](_URL_0_) \n...
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[ [ "https://cdn.thinglink.me/api/image/788987161796935682/1240/10/scaletowidth", "https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pushkarsseminarbonephysiology-130708115734-phpapp01/95/bone-physiology-28-638.jpg?cb=1373284789" ], [], [ "https://depts.washington.edu/bonebio/ASBMRed/matrix.html" ] ]
kjo19
why can i stuff my face and remain slightly underweight, but some people struggle not to become overweight who diet?
Is this metabolism, or what?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/kjo19/eli5_why_can_i_stuff_my_face_and_remain_slightly/
{ "a_id": [ "c2kti8i", "c2kv03p", "c2kti8i", "c2kv03p" ], "score": [ 2, 6, 2, 6 ], "text": [ "A related question I've been wondering is why don't I feel a desire to eat but my stomach would be hungry? I do eat, but I just don't care much for eating. I find it boring. I ha...
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[ [], [ "http://topdocumentaryfilms.com/why-are-thin-people-not-fat/" ], [], [ "http://topdocumentaryfilms.com/why-are-thin-people-not-fat/" ] ]
18kru2
Would it be possible to create a food that has everything a human body needs to sustain itself and where all of the food is absorbed so no waste is produced?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/18kru2/would_it_be_possible_to_create_a_food_that_has/
{ "a_id": [ "c8fnmyc", "c8fnqo2" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "See [these past threads](_URL_0_).\n\nThe short answer is no. Feces does not consist entirely of food you cannot digest. It is a form of elimination where metabolic products and unwanted molecules from normal cellular activi...
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[ [ "http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/search?q=no+waste&restrict_sr=on" ], [] ]
c174d0
what is the difference between ark, mig, tig, and oxy acetylene welding. (?strengh, speed, efficiency?)
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/c174d0/eli5_what_is_the_difference_between_ark_mig_tig/
{ "a_id": [ "erbbihy" ], "score": [ 12 ], "text": [ "Hello there! \n\nI want to start off by apologising for how long this post is; I didn’t want to oversimplify it too much. \n\nBoth MIG (metal inert gas) and TIG (tungsten inert has) are forms of arc welding. TIG may also be referred to as GTAW (...
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7fxysk
Is there any evidence to suggest that any of the Native-American tribes had intentions to explore or travel beyond America?
As above in the title, did any of the Native American tribes make any attempt to explore beyond their territory or did they strictly stay within it? For example, did the Iroquois make any effort to go down into South America or to the west? Edit: Before the Europeans arrived in North America
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7fxysk/is_there_any_evidence_to_suggest_that_any_of_the/
{ "a_id": [ "dqf57bq" ], "score": [ 13 ], "text": [ "Hi,\n\nJohn Herrington is Chickasaw and flew into *space* in 2002. Can you please specify a particular era you're interested in?\n\nThanks!" ] }
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99bprm
why do some letters have a completely different character when written in uppercase (a/a, r/r, e/e, etc), whereas others simply have a larger version of themselves (s/s, p/p, w/w, etc)?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/99bprm/eli5_why_do_some_letters_have_a_completely/
{ "a_id": [ "e4mesph", "e4mgsr3", "e4mho7h", "e4mihaz", "e4mirn3", "e4mj28m", "e4mk47x", "e4mkqhh", "e4mlmhy", "e4mng8n", "e4ms2ym", "e4mygj6", "e4nlwqq" ], "score": [ 522, 2968, 31, 2, 14979, 7, 19, 2, 2, 18, 3516, ...
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[ [], [], [], [], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trajan%27s_Column", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_cursive", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanist_minuscule", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackletter", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_square_capitals", "https://en.wiki...
1qyub4
why are army and navy salutes done with opposite palm positions?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1qyub4/eli5why_are_army_and_navy_salutes_done_with/
{ "a_id": [ "cdhvk65", "cdhvuw7" ], "score": [ 2, 2 ], "text": [ "Whose?\n\nThe US standards for saluting are all the same.\n\nSome people just do it funny.", "This was explained to me many years ago as going back to the days of rigged ships. Tar was used on-board for sealing, it got o...
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[ [], [] ]
ryjbe
Would it have been possible for the free market alone to stop Standard Oil?
I hear a lot of people say that capitalism will always correct the market in time, since it's all based on supply and demand. But was Standard Oil in the late 1800s too large, rich, and powerful to ever fall? From what I know of the subject, it was borderline impossible for other oil companies to compete at all. So, w...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/ryjbe/would_it_have_been_possible_for_the_free_market/
{ "a_id": [ "c49q74l" ], "score": [ 4 ], "text": [ "No large companies can succeed without significant government intervention in its favor, and Standard Oil is no exception. Government intervention - namely subsidies and clever uses of state-to-state differences in tax codes - allowed Standard Oi...
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9ec3ap
How did we discover the concept of shell burning in stars?
I'm interested in learning about the experiments or the discoveries needed to aid the development of this theory. Also if this information was found before or after Chandrasekhar limit was theorized.
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/9ec3ap/how_did_we_discover_the_concept_of_shell_burning/
{ "a_id": [ "e5sz39b" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "It's more a model assumption than an actual discovery.\n\nWe see heavy elements in the remnants of supernovea and we know that mostly Hydrogen and Helium are the elements they start out with. So you have to get the heavies via some internal proc...
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jtpyo
general relativity. li5.
Please. I watch all these shows and they talk like it's commonly understood. They always talk about a bowling ball on a sheet or some shit, but that only covers the X and Y axis and a little of the Z axis. Help?!
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/jtpyo/general_relativity_li5/
{ "a_id": [ "c2f1e8c", "c2f1e8c" ], "score": [ 2, 2 ], "text": [ "I explained this [here](_URL_0_) previously, but on a different question.\n\nEdit: The rubber sheet analogy is probably overused, but what it's saying is that space is kind of like a three dimensional version of the rubber s...
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[ [ "http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/j44uq/how_does_time_dilation_work_why_should_you_age/c28zi9k?context=3" ], [ "http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/j44uq/how_does_time_dilation_work_why_should_you_age/c28zi9k?context=3" ] ]
80majp
how are psychiatric medications developed, if their mechanisms of action is often unknown?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/80majp/eli5_how_are_psychiatric_medications_developed_if/
{ "a_id": [ "duwkvbf", "duwlhkf", "duwnge1", "duwnn8h", "duwoe6r", "duwpd11" ], "score": [ 62, 11, 15, 10, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "A lot of the time they are discovered by accident. In other words they don’t usually intend to create psychiatric medicine, but find...
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[ [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
6qgh09
what happens if you're caught with fake bills?
I work as a cashier and we always check $50/$100 bills and such but I was wondering what happens if I actually do catch one. I assume the money is confiscated. But is it fair to the person who might be unaware that their bill was fake and in such way gets shorted of money or is it reimbursed? How would one even prove t...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6qgh09/eli5_what_happens_if_youre_caught_with_fake_bills/
{ "a_id": [ "dkx36yu", "dkx3ij8", "dkx4scc", "dkxj4ak", "dkxk9v2", "dky9ea0" ], "score": [ 6, 5, 7, 2, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "If you had a fake bill and you went the bank (i use bank as its more official than a store) to deposit it and say you have 5x $100 bills...
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[ [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
6odwjb
How does the snake digestive system work; do they have one stomach or is their whole body a stomach?
[deleted]
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6odwjb/how_does_the_snake_digestive_system_work_do_they/
{ "a_id": [ "dkhb7mj" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "When i owned larger snakes, i fed them mice or rats. Most the time the poop would be a little lump with fur. There is a flap near the end where they deficate from. You can also see the rat's body as it goes down the snake. The snake constricte...
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[ [ "http://www.reptilesmagazine.com/Kid-Corner/Beyond-Beginners/Snake-Anatomy-Gastrointestinal/" ] ]
2h65ze
why modern stock markets still have a physical trading floor
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2h65ze/eli5_why_modern_stock_markets_still_have_a/
{ "a_id": [ "ckpu982", "ckpu9lo", "ckpvlal", "ckpvm3k", "ckq50j0" ], "score": [ 14, 126, 8, 7, 3 ], "text": [ "very large trades of massive volumes of shares still often need to be negotiated in person. that is the primary reason.\n\nalso, it is kind of like a stag...
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[ [ "https://www.nyse.com/data/transactions-statistics-data-library", "http://www1.nyse.com/pdfs/floor%20brokers.pdf", "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_outcry" ], [ "Marketplace.org", "http://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0511/the-death-of-the-trading-floor.aspx", "http://www.marke...
1e340e
The concept of 'Classics', the health of the discipline, and 'Classicist' versus 'Ancient Historian'
This question is going to need a little bit of elaboration for it to make sense. In addition, I am principally looking for responses from Classicists, ancient historians, and other specialists working in/around these periods and cultures. At the very tail end of my MA in ancient history, my Near East tutor took us ou...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1e340e/the_concept_of_classics_the_health_of_the/
{ "a_id": [ "c9wc0hg", "c9wd8hj", "c9wd951", "c9wdhnk", "c9weorr", "c9wf07i" ], "score": [ 14, 10, 6, 8, 7, 7 ], "text": [ "Right, this ought to be fun. All this is from the perspective of Roman and ancient Mediterranean legal history, including Greek law, w...
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[ [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
54kbqu
Can anybody date this map based on the states around Germany?
Sorry for the quality of the image. I've noticed that Danzig and Oppeln look to be somehow stateless, if that helps. _URL_0_
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/54kbqu/can_anybody_date_this_map_based_on_the_states/
{ "a_id": [ "d82jqnh" ], "score": [ 19 ], "text": [ "It looks like post-Versailles Europe (1920-39), when Danzig was a free city. Oppeln is a little more interesting since it held a plebiscite in 1921 as to whether or not become part of Poland or Germany. It ended up going with Germany, but ther...
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[ "http://imgur.com/c1N6z9d" ]
[ [] ]
8eqc2t
How and why did the Chinese campaign “The Great Leap Forward” fail?
[deleted]
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8eqc2t/how_and_why_did_the_chinese_campaign_the_great/
{ "a_id": [ "dxxa30v" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "Check out [this ](_URL_0_) thread on a similar question from a few hours ago. " ] }
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[ [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8ej8gv/can_mao_be_blamed_for_the_disaster_that_was_the/?st=JGEIQQ0H&sh=fdc3b2c5" ] ]
5j9li1
why do people fill empty space between words with "uhh" and "umm" instead of silence?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5j9li1/eli5_why_do_people_fill_empty_space_between_words/
{ "a_id": [ "dbeene2", "dbek3tm", "dbekujo", "dbep9fm", "dbep9yw", "dbept4t", "dbeq1qe", "dbeq2yg", "dbeqkap", "dberb8b", "dbes403" ], "score": [ 363, 3, 19, 62, 143, 18, 21, 9, 17, 5, 14 ], "text": [ "To let you (the ...
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1t092g
why aren't movies pirated using cinema files on the day of release?
It just seems weird to me. Wouldn't it be easy to just copy the file/film that gets delivered to the cinema somehow, and then distribute it illegally at full quality?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1t092g/eli5_why_arent_movies_pirated_using_cinema_files/
{ "a_id": [ "ce30f9u", "ce33a5m" ], "score": [ 4, 6 ], "text": [ "Its probably because those files are kept under the watchful eyes of the cinema security and those responsible for making sure the files don't get into the wrong hands. Even if you were an employee of the cinema and you had ...
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[ [], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_cinema" ] ]
46imj3
why are the drugs that bind to specific receptors have such variability based on their specific chemical make-up?
I'm making the assumption that for a particular human, there's a set number of receptors (opiate, serotonin, dopamine, canabinoid, etc.) and that a single molecule of the drug can bind to a single receptor. (If these assumptions are wrong, please explain). How can there be such a variability in dose to achieve the sam...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/46imj3/eli5_why_are_the_drugs_that_bind_to_specific/
{ "a_id": [ "d05n1mm" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "I don't mean to be rude, but the other posts are half-baked. The answer you're looking for is actually pretty straightforward. There are two factors you need to consider: (1) agonist [efficacy](_URL_1_) and (2) agonist [binding affinity](_URL_0_)...
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[ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equianalgesic#Opioid-Equivalency_Chart" ]
[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ligand_%28biochemistry%29#Receptor.2Fligand_binding_affinity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrinsic_activity" ] ]
2udups
What was the highest rank in Nazi Germany that was acquitted of war crimes?
Obviously we know that people like Goebbels and Goering were found guilty due to their ranks in the government and by extension, their degrees of responsibility that ultimately cause the deaths of millions. To try and be clearer, how high of a rank could I get with minimum risk (not no risk) of being charged with war ...
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2udups/what_was_the_highest_rank_in_nazi_germany_that/
{ "a_id": [ "co7nfwz" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "The question is impossible to answer really. By and large people were indicted for the specific things that they did, not \"war crimes\". The original high ranking defendants were charged with \"count 3\" of \"war crimes\". (_URL_0_) but even th...
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[]
[ [ "http://avalon.law.yale.edu/imt/count3.asp" ] ]
8w2wal
please help me understand cloud storage such as googledrive
I'd like to free up a bunch of disk space on my PC but still have access to the files, I'm not sure if cloud storage is the answer. I don't really understand it -I'm not very good with technology at all. Could I upload a bunch of files onto google drive and then delete those files off my PC and have access to them ...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8w2wal/eli5please_help_me_understand_cloud_storage_such/
{ "a_id": [ "e1s949j", "e1s9508", "e1s97so", "e1s9bch", "e1s9hia", "e1sc86y" ], "score": [ 4, 2, 2, 8, 3, 4 ], "text": [ "Imagine cloud storage as a flash drive that you can access from anywhere, without the risk of damage/loss to the drive itself.. Do with...
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[ [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
jvf8c
surge protectors
why are they so important? what is a power strip missing?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/jvf8c/eli5_surge_protectors/
{ "a_id": [ "c2ffjen", "c2ffjen" ], "score": [ 2, 2 ], "text": [ "You mean whats the difference between a power strip and a surge protector? Basically, there is a \"switch\" in a surge protector that is controlled by high amounts of power. During normal operation, the switch is off. When t...
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[]
[ [], [] ]
86it3s
Why did Eastern armies prefer curved swords over the straight swords of their western counterparts?
Edit: For clarification I was thinking of Europe compared to middle east.
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/86it3s/why_did_eastern_armies_prefer_curved_swords_over/
{ "a_id": [ "dw5kjrx" ], "score": [ 2780 ], "text": [ "Part of this is just perception. When we think of Western armies with swords, we think of ancient and medieval armies with straight swords, and when we think of Eastern armies, we think of post-medieval armies with curved swords. But it isn't ...
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[]
[ [] ]
cmtp28
why do steering wheels automatically recenter themselves if you stop holding them during a turn?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/cmtp28/eli5_why_do_steering_wheels_automatically/
{ "a_id": [ "ew4punj" ], "score": [ 8 ], "text": [ "It's actually caused by the caster angle of the front wheels. When you turn the car is actually lifted a bit higher due to the geometry of the steering system. When you release the wheel, the weight of the car wants to force the wheel back to s...
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[]
[ [] ]
13zgu0
What is the oldest known state to have existed?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13zgu0/what_is_the_oldest_known_state_to_have_existed/
{ "a_id": [ "c78ia9b", "c78ic8s", "c78ki5q" ], "score": [ 7, 2, 3 ], "text": [ "It's a problematic question. How would you define a \"state\"? Is it a political entity with only one government wielding the power/commanding the armed forces? Is it an entity tied to an area, to a peo...
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[]
[ [], [], [] ]
1gynoy
although sodium increases your blood pressure, potassium can apparently 'lower' your blood pressure. what is going on there?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1gynoy/elif_although_sodium_increases_your_blood/
{ "a_id": [ "cap4ifm" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "To understand this it's going to get a little complicated, so let's start...\n\nLets start with sodium and how it increases your blood pressure. Osmotic pressure explains why water will move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower ...
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[ [] ]
a4ipp7
What causes the routing of major veins and arteries to be essentially the same from person to person?
It always seemed to my mathematical mind that there would be some natural variation from person to person, but the more I read, the more it seems it's highly uniform.
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/a4ipp7/what_causes_the_routing_of_major_veins_and/
{ "a_id": [ "ebfwpmv", "ebg16qr", "ebgaz2n" ], "score": [ 2, 6, 2 ], "text": [ "The formation of blood vessels in early embryonic development is just as tightly controlled as the formation of any other organ system. Unless you lack one of the important factors - in which case you w...
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[]
[ [ "https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.cb.11.110195.000445" ], [], [ "http://www.jpma.org.pk/full_article_text.php?article_id=8551", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_vein#Variation", "https://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/Cardiovascular/Images0400/0478.shtml...
4uvn7n
Can someone identify if these two American Civil War uniforms are from different sides?
_URL_0_ This comes up in Google when I search "brother against brother" and I wanted to confirm that one of these was a union soldier and one a confederate. The obvious answer tells me that the guy on the left is Union because of his blue coat, and right is confederate because of the grey, but when I google "Confeder...
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4uvn7n/can_someone_identify_if_these_two_american_civil/
{ "a_id": [ "d5teg0h" ], "score": [ 14 ], "text": [ "/u/ThisOldHatte is correct: Confederate officer and enlisted. This photo hit the internet as part of the exhibit \"[Photography and the American Civil War\" at the Metropolitan Museum of Art,](_URL_0_) April – Sept 2013.\n\n‘Captain Charles A. a...
[]
[ "http://lossincivilwar.weebly.com/uploads/5/1/3/0/51303025/1892254_orig.jpg" ]
[ [ "http://www.metmuseum.org/exhibitions/listings/2013/photography-and-the-american-civil-war", "http://www.metmuseum.org/exhibitions/view?exhibitionId=%7b9400f95d-89a4-4920-a05e-46ee3cedc9c0%7d&oid=302545&pkgids=205&pg=1&rpp=10&pos=5&ft=*" ] ]
2v89ll
what's bad about internet explorer?
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2v89ll/eli5whats_bad_about_internet_explorer/
{ "a_id": [ "cofb7k1", "cofboiy", "cofcnlt", "cofcyk7", "cofd0w8", "cofdj66", "cofdn3u", "cofeaqe", "cofes3k", "coffv7h", "cofjzao", "cofkgt9", "cofkhxu", "cofl4zz", "cofltjt", "cofm73c", "cofm883", "cofmdgt", "cofn50b", "cofn9nh", "c...
[]
[]
[ [], [], [], [], [], [], [], [ "http://www.nczonline.net/blog/2012/08/22/the-innovations-of-internet-explorer/" ], [], [], [], [ "http://lego.brickinstructions.com/lego_instructions/set/10159/City_Airport" ], [], [], [], [], [], [], [ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
1ldy6l
Why does the pitch of a sine wave decrease when the volume is turned up on a set of speakers?
[Try it yourself (pick something around 400hz)](_URL_0_) OK, not the best title - I understand that the speed of the speaker cone probably maxes out at some point, so increasing the amplitude will have to decrease the frequency a little. What I don't understand is how this "jives" with the fact that the signal is sti...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1ldy6l/why_does_the_pitch_of_a_sine_wave_decrease_when/
{ "a_id": [ "cbyae1y", "cbyaqpi" ], "score": [ 3, 7 ], "text": [ "Simple answer: it doesn't.\n\nYou're right though, you do hear an *apparent* change in pitch, but this is more likely down to your amp and speakers distorting the sine wave as the amplitude increases beyond what they can fa...
[]
[ "http://www.audionotch.com/app/tune/" ]
[ [], [ "http://web.mit.edu/hst.723/www/ThemePapers/Pitch/Houtsma95.pdf" ] ]
7ep6x2
i thought the internet was a series of interconnected routers and computers that communicate however they want. how does one institution in one state control this communication even for people in other parts of the world?
see title
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7ep6x2/eli5_i_thought_the_internet_was_a_series_of/
{ "a_id": [ "dq6j6v1", "dq6jf8p" ], "score": [ 5, 2 ], "text": [ "The internet is mostly run by companies who own infrastructure (like wires and shit). The institution you're talking about (assuming the FCC) gets to decide what these types of companies are allowed to do. Right now they ...
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[ [], [] ]
2tgxfw
why does requesting a longer delivery time online increase the costs to deliver?
I don't really understand it. Surely it's a lot more convenient for them to deliver it in a weeks time rather than, say, 1-2 working days? So why do we pay extra for their leisure? What am I missing here? I am 5.
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2tgxfw/eli5why_does_requesting_a_longer_delivery_time/
{ "a_id": [ "cnyy4zn", "cnyy64o", "cnz34lm", "cnz4sir" ], "score": [ 3, 2, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "It means they have to hold the package somewhere as opposed to sending it through the normal process. The standard shipping options (next day air, 2 day, ground, ect) are establish...
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[ [], [], [], [] ]
6iz39x
How do scientists determine which two elements to use when synthesizing new elements?
For example, Oganesson was synthesized using Californium and Calcium (98+20=118). However, another lab using Krypton and Lead (36+82=118) tried and failed to produce Ognesson. My question is, why were those specific elements chosen? I know their atomic numbers have to add to 118, but why not use Iron and Uranium? (92+2...
askscience
https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6iz39x/how_do_scientists_determine_which_two_elements_to/
{ "a_id": [ "djai4er" ], "score": [ 4 ], "text": [ "Different reactions have different probabilities of producing the desired species in the final state. The kinds of reactions they are using are low-energy fusion reactions. The dynamics of these compound nuclear reactions are complicated, but cer...
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[ [] ]
2qyybf
where do the suits for playing cards originate from? (hearts, clubs, diamonds, spades)
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2qyybf/eli5_where_do_the_suits_for_playing_cards/
{ "a_id": [ "cnauhgl" ], "score": [ 106 ], "text": [ "The playing cards you're talking about were popularized in Egypt around the 11th century. The cards had for suits: polo sticks, coins, swords, and cups. The cards were hand made, so the symbols on them evolved as the concept of the 52-card deck...
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[ [] ]
1w2sft
In WW2, were there Nazi soldiers who surrendered immediately because they did not support Hitler and were forced to fight?
If one did surrender in that way, what would happen to them? Were they still treated as enemy combatants?
AskHistorians
http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1w2sft/in_ww2_were_there_nazi_soldiers_who_surrendered/
{ "a_id": [ "cey7781", "cf0edr5" ], "score": [ 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Nazi was a political party, soldiers who were also party members would be considered part of the ideological hard core group. For purposes of answering your question, can you specify if you mean German soldiers who were memb...
[]
[]
[ [], [ "http://drang-nach.livejournal.com/38403.html", "http://9may.ru/unsecret/m10008730", "http://9may.ru/unsecret/m10008730/gallery/" ] ]
7gbxzw
why is asphalt black? would concrete or another material not work better?
Does the asphalt not make the surrounding area hotter? I have always wondered why we don't use concrete or change the color of asphalt or something else.
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7gbxzw/eli5_why_is_asphalt_black_would_concrete_or/
{ "a_id": [ "dqhz5ku", "dqhzaan", "dqhzj1k", "dqhzrj1", "dqi6t3r", "dqia8mm" ], "score": [ 2, 4, 30, 2, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Asphalt is cheap, durable and easily patched. Some cities are starting to paint roads white though, to combat heat islands", "Aspha...
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[ [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
td6a0
What would the effects be for a person that has had a BMI:50+ body fat throughout their life if it was surgically removed in a short period of time?
Assuming you were able to do this to a person, if you took someone that had that much body fat, and were able to remove it in within a few days, to a week, how would this effect the person; also, this person would begin eating/exercise habits to maintain this weight? * Would the straining he's done through his entire...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/td6a0/what_would_the_effects_be_for_a_person_that_has/
{ "a_id": [ "c4lmg16" ], "score": [ 3 ], "text": [ "Besides the psychological effect of having a completely new proprioceptive identity (you build your interactions with the physical world depending on your body shape), there very well could be increases in usable strength as there are not pounds ...
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[ [] ]
5iuem4
Why was it that Ireland played such a large part in Christianizing England and the rest of Continental Europe?
[Reading this Wikipedia](_URL_0_) article makes it seem like the Gaelic world, and Ireland in particular, did a lot to spread Christianity to much of Western Europe. My question is why and how. It seems odd to me geographically that a culturally distinct island on the western extremes of Europe would have so much to do...
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5iuem4/why_was_it_that_ireland_played_such_a_large_part/
{ "a_id": [ "dbbiwf0", "dbbp4pm" ], "score": [ 10, 26 ], "text": [ "While I can't answer your question directly, you got me interested to look up the history of Christianity in Ireland through the subreddit. I was able to come across [this](_URL_0_) question which helped me understand how ...
[]
[ "https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiberno-Scottish_mission" ]
[ [ "https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1uyr2u/how_come_ireland_got_christanized_so_early/" ], [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burgh_Castle" ] ]
5dcgj6
At what period in the Roman Empire was the Latin that we learn today used?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5dcgj6/at_what_period_in_the_roman_empire_was_the_latin/
{ "a_id": [ "da3ip91", "da3kd0y" ], "score": [ 14, 12 ], "text": [ "It depends, of course, on what you are taught. But almost all major courses teach 'classical Latin' as a default standard, and that standard is a slightly idealised version of Latin that represents literary writing in the ...
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[ [], [] ]
3rwabr
how the heck does google maps know the distance from a to b?
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3rwabr/eli5how_the_heck_does_google_maps_know_the/
{ "a_id": [ "cwrv3ym" ], "score": [ 5 ], "text": [ "(The following is based on general knowledge of path finding algorithms, not on the actual inner workings of Google Maps. Feel free to correct me.)\n\nOne way could be the following. Google saves a list of intersections and crossroads. If a piece...
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[]
[ [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijkstra%27s_algorithm" ] ]
15dexu
How is a musical scale derived?
It is said that music is very closely related to mathematics, and that the relationship between notes in a musical scale is even (in frequency), but how is a series of notes formed to make a scale? Is there a mathematical reason for there to be 8 notes in an octave, or is this simply what was decided in early composing...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/15dexu/how_is_a_musical_scale_derived/
{ "a_id": [ "c7liiva", "c7lildc", "c7llqwk", "c7lp2pb" ], "score": [ 3, 7, 7, 3 ], "text": [ "There are 6 tones, or 12 semitones, per octave. An octave is a doubling of frequency. The semitone steps are 2^(1/12) sets up in frequency from each other, or an increase in freque...
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[]
[ [], [], [], [ "http://www.music.sc.edu/fs/bain/atmi02/hs/index-audio.html", "http://www.storyofmathematics.com/greek_pythagoras.html" ] ]
ddlkaz
in relativity, why is it called space-time as opposed to just space?
Isn't time just an abstract notion that humans created in order to help them understand the world. After all, we can only measure time by observing the motion of physical objects. From an outsider looking in to the universe, all they can see is particles and their position. So how exactly can time slow down if time is ...
explainlikeimfive
https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ddlkaz/eli5_in_relativity_why_is_it_called_spacetime_as/
{ "a_id": [ "f2kl1lf", "f2krvyd", "f2l2ktw" ], "score": [ 8, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "It's called spacetime because relativity tells us that space and time are not two unrelated concepts. Space and time seperately don't look the same for all observers. What is space for one observer, can...
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[ [], [], [] ]
y4vmz
How long would bodies be preserved on the Moon? If astronauts died there, what would happen to their bodies?
Say Buzz Aldrin and that other guy (fun right?) happened to be stranded and ate the cyaniade outside the lunar lander, how would their body decompose? In the suit.
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/y4vmz/how_long_would_bodies_be_preserved_on_the_moon_if/
{ "a_id": [ "c5sds1m", "c5sdu72", "c5sf0af", "c5sfl1m", "c5skpwk" ], "score": [ 124, 341, 9, 35, 2 ], "text": [ "If I recall correctly, it would be possible for the bacteria within the body to continue living on and facilitate the internal decay of the body whereas...
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[ [], [], [ "http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/uif4i/what_would_happen_to_a_cadaver_left_in_space/" ], [ "http://www.reddit.com/r/sciencefaqs/comments/hd4ib/what_happens_to_a_human_body_in_vacuumhow/" ], [] ]
3oitn7
How did Native Americans deal with wildfires?
I was listening to a podcast earlier that talked a bit about wildfires and it got me to wondering, how did Native Americans deal with large forest fires? Did they have any means to fight large fires or did they just move away and wait for the fire to burn itself out? Did they take any precautions to minimize their fi...
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3oitn7/how_did_native_americans_deal_with_wildfires/
{ "a_id": [ "cvxoofc", "cvxq2yd" ], "score": [ 10, 103 ], "text": [ "Tangentially, I remember reading that the Sioux would periodically start fires on the grasslands to keep the grass fresh for the buffalo. Are there other examples of native peoples managing the habitats of their primary a...
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[ [], [] ]
1uqxka
[seriously] eli5 the war in syria
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1uqxka/seriously_eli5_the_war_in_syria/
{ "a_id": [ "cektgoa" ], "score": [ 2 ], "text": [ "There are many political groups in Syria. They all were repressed under a dictator, Hafez Al-Assad. Hafez was friendly to the US and Europe, so they didn't mess with him.\n\nWhen he died in 2000, people expected his son Bashar Al-Assad would make...
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[ [] ]
1t2xa2
why do a lot of people say "macs are just better for doing graphical design"?
I just don't get it: I am in architecture school with need for higher end systems and have been personally building Windows gaming systems for years and can beat most Mac systems specification-wise, but I still don't get why they are touted as "just better" when it comes to graphic work...
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1t2xa2/eli5_why_do_a_lot_of_people_say_macs_are_just/
{ "a_id": [ "ce3s4eo", "ce3s5vm", "ce3sw6a", "ce3uoet", "ce3v7ip", "ce3xpxy" ], "score": [ 19, 10, 2, 3, 6, 2 ], "text": [ "I don't think I'm that old. \n\nBack in the late 1990s, I wouldn't work with anything but Apple computers for desktop publishing work ...
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[ [], [], [], [], [], [] ]
jez0t
Since Mars doesn't have a magnetic field, how would this affect our ability to use electricity-based technologies there?
Would it make that much of a difference? Would electric motors using magnets still work? I assume things like electric guitars wouldn't function. Do things like the Mars rover need special adaptations? And just in general, do electronics behave differently in space?
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/jez0t/since_mars_doesnt_have_a_magnetic_field_how_would/
{ "a_id": [ "c2bji7t", "c2bjk4d", "c2bji7t", "c2bjk4d" ], "score": [ 3, 2, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "It would make no noticeable difference on any of those things.", "Electronics would be more susceptible to solar radiation, but I'm not sure there would be GIC's (Geomagnetical...
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[]
[ [], [], [], [] ]
15amvk
if the evidence for the holocaust can stand by itself, why is it illegal to deny the holocaust in several european countries?
Countries where holocaust denial is illegal _URL_0_
explainlikeimfive
http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/15amvk/if_the_evidence_for_the_holocaust_can_stand_by/
{ "a_id": [ "c7kq94p", "c7ksunu", "c7ku0zt", "c7kuqya", "c7kvjzt" ], "score": [ 6, 2, 3, 3, 2 ], "text": [ "Most countries in the world do not have any kind of concept of unlimited free speech. The idea is that certain kinds of speech can be just as mentally harmful...
[]
[ "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laws_against_Holocaust_denial" ]
[ [], [], [], [], [] ]
5w44re
Why did the Eastern Roman Empire survive during the fifth century, when the Western Empire fell?
I'm doing some reading on the Later Roman Empire, and was wondering how one fell yet the other stood, and thrived for Nearly a thousand years?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5w44re/why_did_the_eastern_roman_empire_survive_during/
{ "a_id": [ "de7jeap", "de7otfh" ], "score": [ 99, 13 ], "text": [ "This is a vast topic, so whilst I will attempt to cover all the important points, do note that there is always more to say on this question.\n\nFirst of all, we have to note that there were issues beyond any Roman'' contro...
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[ [], [ "http://courses.washington.edu/rome250/gallery/ROME%20250/210%20Reasons.htm" ] ]
cxuazw
How significant was allied strategic bombing of Germany in WW2?
The Allies started the strategic bombing campaign in 1942. Was it really significant enough to justify the destruction of artifacts such as the only fossils of the spinosaurus. Was it really significant at all?
AskHistorians
https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/cxuazw/how_significant_was_allied_strategic_bombing_of/
{ "a_id": [ "eyo3b4r" ], "score": [ 15 ], "text": [ "I think it says something about Reddit that its first reaction to the Allied bombing of Germany is to think about some dinosaur bones, and not the 635,000 people that died as a result of it, but I digress.\n\nAdam Tooze, in *The Wages of Destruc...
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[ [] ]
fyfw5
Do you think language is an evolutionary continuity?
This a question that I (and many others, I gather) have often debated and thought about. I don't have much of a clue about where the consensus lies (if there is one), so I'm wondering what Redditors' opinions are on the topic: **Is language an evolutionary continuity?** That is, is human language an extension of mor...
askscience
http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/fyfw5/do_you_think_language_is_an_evolutionary/
{ "a_id": [ "c1jkkes", "c1jksox", "c1jmbvl", "c1jmqfq" ], "score": [ 6, 4, 2, 2 ], "text": [ "I'm no biologist, but .. Obviously, other animals have vocal forms of communication, and different species have different levels of sophistication in their vocalizations. \n\nYou c...
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[ [], [ "http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v418/n6900/abs/nature01025.html" ], [], [] ]