q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
value | subreddit stringclasses 3
values | url stringlengths 4 132 | answers dict | title_urls list | selftext_urls list | answers_urls list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
bsjo4o | Why doesn't an atoms atomic number correlate with how common the element is? | Hydrogen has the atomic number 1, and it's also the most common element in the universe. Helium has the atomic number 2 and is the second most common element.
& #x200B;
However, after that, the atomic number doesn't correlate to the elements abundance. The next most abundant is Oxygen, which has an atomic number of... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/bsjo4o/why_doesnt_an_atoms_atomic_number_correlate_with/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
8,
5
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"text": [
"Exactly, the fusion processes are not that straight up as \"just keep adding protons\" (the atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus, that's what defines the element). Lithium, for example, is \"destroyed\" easi... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar\\_nucleosynthesis",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_nucleosynthesis"
],
[]
] | |
i9cjh | How does light pass through a transparent object, slow down, then speed up again? | I know that light is both a particle and a wave, and that the refractive index of a material is pretty much a function of its density. How then, does light interact with these particles (slowing them down) and keep a coherent beam/image? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/i9cjh/how_does_light_pass_through_a_transparent_object/ | {
"a_id": [
"c21xrj4",
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"score": [
8,
10
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"text": [
"Because math. If you're going to model transmission through transparent media with particle-particle interactions, you have to do a bunch of complicated quantum mechanics; there is no simple, understandable explanation.",
... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
bh9dmh | Did the fact that Stalin and Beria were Georgian have any impact on Georgia during the Soviet Union's existence? | [deleted] | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/bh9dmh/did_the_fact_that_stalin_and_beria_were_georgian/ | {
"a_id": [
"elsn75k"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"In short, a little bit during the era of Stalin and Beria, and mostly because of Beria.\n\nFirst, I'll make the minor distinction that Beria was ethnically Mingrelian, a group closely related to the Georgians but with their own language, who are... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
43orq4 | Why did the Romans call the Greeks Graeci/-ae while the Greeks called themselves Hellenes? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/43orq4/why_did_the_romans_call_the_greeks_graeciae_while/ | {
"a_id": [
"czjyjjx"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"The original form of the Latin was not actually *Graecus* but *Graius* (plural *Graei*)--*Graecus* appears to be an expanded form imitating the Greek suffix \"-kos.\" It appears that the name was taken from a Greek-speaking people bordering some... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
alpmw1 | Do molecules actually look like their displayed formulae? | Sorry if this is a stupid question, but we've been studying hydrocarbons at school and I was wondering if, under an incredibly high magnification and resolution microscope, would the hydrocarbon molecules look anything like the shape we have been taught to draw them as? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/alpmw1/do_molecules_actually_look_like_their_displayed/ | {
"a_id": [
"efg7h6n",
"efg83pu",
"efggh77"
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"score": [
5,
18,
5
],
"text": [
"No depiction of atoms or molecules really portray them in any real sense. In fact at that size \"appearance\" doesn't really make sense. The particles making them up exist only as these \"vibrations\" ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carvone#/media/File:Carvone.svg",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carvone#/media/File:(R)-(%E2%88%92)-carvone-from-xtal-3D-balls-B.png"
],
[
"https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwig8_XqxZjgAhXLsVQKHSIECM... | |
oym0w | Do infants with talkative parents develop language skills faster? | Friends of ours are very passive and speak very little - when we come and visit and are very loud and talkative they say their baby is often surprised by all the noise/talking. Made me think of this question.
Bonus question: Do different languages show development at different stages? i.e.: babies belonging to one nat... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/oym0w/do_infants_with_talkative_parents_develop/ | {
"a_id": [
"c3l361y",
"c3l3sc1"
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"score": [
8,
38
],
"text": [
"_URL_0_ \n\nThis might help some. It's really interesting if anything.",
"No, I don't believe there is any evidence of this (although I would love to be corrected). Language seems to develop (in \"normal\" kids) at a pr... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.ted.com/talks/deb_roy_the_birth_of_a_word.html"
],
[
"http://www.strategiesforchildren.org/eea/6research_summaries/05_MeaningfulDifferences.pdf",
"http://www.amazon.com/Meaningful-Differences-Everyday-Experience-American/dp/1557661979"
]
] | |
23c0zt | If I were to grind a solid into a powder down to the molecular level, would it behave as a liquid? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/23c0zt/if_i_were_to_grind_a_solid_into_a_powder_down_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"cgvw9pn",
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"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"I seriously doubt it. There are nano powders that are just tens of nanometers in size and I know from working with them that they still behave like a powder and not a liquid. Size of a solid should not induce a phase chang... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
avy3l0 | Why did cotton become a symbol for American slavery as opposed to other cash crops or grueling domestic chores? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/avy3l0/why_did_cotton_become_a_symbol_for_american/ | {
"a_id": [
"ehjhn9i"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"The key cash crops grown by American slave labor before the 19th century were tobacco and rice. Little cotton was grown in the United States, in large part because separating the seeds from the raw cotton by hand was extremely labor-intensive and... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://courses.lumenlearning.com/ushistory1os/chapter/the-economics-of-cotton"
]
] | ||
1r73jv | Why did Captain Cook name New South Wales as such? What geographical similarities, if any, did he take note of? | Considering Captain Cook only encountered the coast of Australia which seems to me to bear EXTREMELY minimal resemblance to South Wales, why is this the case? It seems to me that the resemblance it does share is really only owing to the fact that it has beaches and headlands, much like any coast. It would be feasible t... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1r73jv/why_did_captain_cook_name_new_south_wales_as_such/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdkc01z",
"cdkvx7h"
],
"score": [
2,
3
],
"text": [
"Australian history isn't my field, so I can't speak to the specific case of New South Wales in Australia. I do know that the name \"The New Principality of South Wales\" was assigned to the southern coast of Hudson Bay (in p... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/c/cook/james/c77j/chapter8.html#chapter8"
]
] | |
5e3s76 | Why does Aluminium foil make so much noise when manipulating it ? | Hi Reddit !
Ok so I was making a ball for my cat and when I was doing so I wondered why did the aluminium foil make so much damn noise, hope you can answer to it, have a nice day ! | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/5e3s76/why_does_aluminium_foil_make_so_much_noise_when/ | {
"a_id": [
"daabkz3",
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],
"score": [
3,
6
],
"text": [
"I don't know, but I found [this discussion](_URL_0_) about acoustic emissions in metals interesting.",
"It's a thin metallic membrane that reflects sound waves efficiently. The numerous sound waves generated by the meta... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1cliwn/why_do_metals_make_noise_when_they_strain/"
],
[]
] | |
1x5bqq | What happens to an ant colony if its Queen is artificially removed? | I recently watched BBC's ["Planet Ant- Life Inside The Colony"] (_URL_0_) and after watching it I wondered what happens to the biological machine (the ant colony) after its Queen is gone.
* Is there a second in command who will grow to the size of a Queen via chemicals?
* Do they spread out in search of a new Quee... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1x5bqq/what_happens_to_an_ant_colony_if_its_queen_is/ | {
"a_id": [
"cf8bev1",
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"cf8t30t"
],
"score": [
1623,
144,
28,
104,
5,
3,
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],
"text": [
"It depends on the species of ant. Harvester ants (large, red ... | [] | [
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8n0SkIGARuo"
] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
b213nz | Question from my daughters; If I were to travel back in time could I survive in the same atmosphere as the dinosaurs and find nutritious foods that wouldn't kill me (could I consume a dinosaur)? | I'm assuming that the air may be a bit different in oxygen to nitrogen levels. And when I was asked if we could find food...I didn't have a good answer.
Edit: Thanks for all the awesome answers! Apparently they are now wanting to visit the local library to get some more info. Thanks Reddit! | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/b213nz/question_from_my_daughters_if_i_were_to_travel/ | {
"a_id": [
"eiqg3v9",
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"score": [
21,
3
],
"text": [
"Time of the dinosaurs covers an incredibly immense period of time, of course.\n\nAngiosperms, or trees that bear fruit, began evolving in the late Cretaceous, about 125 mya. On top of that, the fruits and vegetables we have... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
3h0v0m | Are there any sources you would recommend for covering the decline of the Ottoman Empire? | Hi r/askhistory! At my (British) school, we do an independent research project, and am thinking of choosing a topic that fascinates me in its under-reportedness- the Long War of 1591/3-1606, and its effect on the Ottoman Empire. My exact (working) title is TO WHAT EXTENT DID THE LONG WAR SIGNAL THE BEGINNING OF TURKISH... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3h0v0m/are_there_any_sources_you_would_recommend_for/ | {
"a_id": [
"cu3ktz1",
"cu3qa6c"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
" I'd check the bibliography of Lord Kinross' \"The Ottoman Centuries\". Of course, he focuses like most on the period after the suppression of the Janissaries as the time of Ottoman decline...",
"Turkey: A Modern History... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
29dcfr | If all muscles work through contraction, how do people expand their lungs to breathe in? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/29dcfr/if_all_muscles_work_through_contraction_how_do/ | {
"a_id": [
"cijth5p",
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"cijyth9",
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184,
3,
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"text": [
"At the bottom of your lungs is a muscle called your diaphragm. When that contracts (like any other muscle) it pulls on the gas bags that are your lungs, m... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1WMt_1jw47Q"
],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
3zllax | What is a book on the former Imperial German colonies? | Written in English and/or German | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3zllax/what_is_a_book_on_the_former_imperial_german/ | {
"a_id": [
"cyn57s3",
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],
"score": [
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2
],
"text": [
"Are you looking for books on the colonies before or during World War I? Empires at War: 1911-1923 has a chapter by Heather Jones on the German Empire. Absolute Destruction by Isabell Hull discusses Germany's colonial policie... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
3kgh0w | how long does holy water stay holy? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3kgh0w/eli5_how_long_does_holy_water_stay_holy/ | {
"a_id": [
"cux6yly",
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"cuxa4kv"
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"score": [
2,
3,
3
],
"text": [
"Any water blessed by a priest is Holy Water. \n\nIt's mostly used for anointing something. We would dip our fingers in Holy Water and do the sign of the cross when entering and exiting mass, for exampl... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
3ix8gi | If a black hole were to only be 'fed' electrons (or particles of like charge), would the electrostatic charge inside eventually destroy the black hole? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3ix8gi/if_a_black_hole_were_to_only_be_fed_electrons_or/ | {
"a_id": [
"culkidi"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"It might be impossible to do so.\n\nSpecifically, you are asking if it's possible to pour electrons in a black hole until it becomes superextremal, that is, the charge becomes larger than the mass. The geometry of a charged, spherically symmetric... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
10pslh | Regarding the Lincoln-Douglass debates, is this just good politics or is Lincoln a racist? (I know, it sounds like a loaded question, but I seriously want to hear a historian's opinion on it.) | I was talking with another Redditor in a comment thread, and he cited that Lincoln was a racist via this quote at the Lincoln-Douglass debates-
> “I will say then that I am not, nor ever have been in favor of bringing about in anyway the social and political equality of the white and black races – that I am not nor e... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/10pslh/regarding_the_lincolndouglass_debates_is_this/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6fmurg"
],
"score": [
15
],
"text": [
"[Presentism](_URL_0_), if you do it, you're gonna have a bad time.\n\nWas Lincoln racist by modern standards? Hell yes, but *everyone was*.\n\nIt's better, when broaching this subject, to point out that Lincoln was not an abolitionist, promoting... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presentism_%28literary_and_historical_analysis%29"
]
] | |
25fcpw | is it possible for humans to choose their own personalities? | This seems a bit philosophical… There is no limit for age of the individual (early adult/later in life). I am just curious in general.
Does the individual have agency in personality change?
Any personality psychologists out there?
| explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/25fcpw/eli5is_it_possible_for_humans_to_choose_their_own/ | {
"a_id": [
"chgmkie"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"There are some things you can't change. For instance, I am a very anxious person. I don't like that about myself, but I can't just stop being one. With a lot of personal effort and some counseling, I will become a slightly less anxious person, bu... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5nua75 | is there a science behind photographers telling us to say cheese? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5nua75/eli5_is_there_a_science_behind_photographers/ | {
"a_id": [
"dcecw4i"
],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"The \"eeeeeeeeeeeeee\" bit results in a kinda-natural looking smile. And everyone knows that word, it's a very common word with a drawn out long e sound.\n\nIf you tell people \"make a natural smile\" you get everything from \"not a natural smile... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
e7scmc | what is pencil tip made up of? lead or graphite or both? why? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/e7scmc/eli5_what_is_pencil_tip_made_up_of_lead_or/ | {
"a_id": [
"fa470b8",
"fa47yzk",
"fa4cr0v"
],
"score": [
6,
2,
3
],
"text": [
"It contains no lead at all. It's made of graphite. The term \"pencil lead\" is only a reference to graphite's color, which is similar to lead's color.",
"There is no lead in pencils. Rather, the cor... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
9yhdqh | when you're awaiting surgery why will they not even let you have a glass of water if you're thirsty as hell? why aren't all the iv fluids quenching the thirst anyway? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9yhdqh/eli5_when_youre_awaiting_surgery_why_will_they/ | {
"a_id": [
"ea1amwn",
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"score": [
18,
24,
2
],
"text": [
"If you throw up while you’re asleep you can choke to death. IV fluids are all salt water, they keep you hydrated but don’t keep you from getting thirsty.",
"You can't drink anything because there ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
acfjrs | how do locks and keys work when it comes down to uniqueness? is every lock-key combination unique? or could i get lucky and could i find another door or bike lock that matches my key? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/acfjrs/eli5_how_do_locks_and_keys_work_when_it_comes/ | {
"a_id": [
"ed7jk2h",
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"score": [
15,
4,
2
],
"text": [
"Great minds think alike. I may have found yer answer, matey. Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained:\n\n1. [ELI5: Is each lock and key combination unique, or do I share the same hou... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://np.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3omzyv/eli5_if_every_lock_is_unique_and_requires_a/",
"https://np.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1vb1ev/how_are_there_enough_variations_for_keys_that/",
"https://np.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2zkuvz/eli5_is_each_lock_and_key_com... | ||
4n04gm | What would the written language of the Mali Empire have been? | I am a sixth grade teacher looking to help a student. My kids are doing a project on a civilization of their choosing, and despite a lot of effort we cannot find any info on the written language of Mali. I'm assuming Arabic, I know it was a linguistically diverse empire but I don't know if the other languages were writ... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4n04gm/what_would_the_written_language_of_the_mali/ | {
"a_id": [
"d3zq0sz"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"I think most of the writing that's survived in the sahel is arabic, the mauritanian manuscripts are and the most famous timbuktu manuscripts are too.\n\nHowever, according to University of Cape Town the Timbuktu manuscripts do also contain works ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
70mzfk | why is there such a loud sound when we clap? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/70mzfk/eli5_why_is_there_such_a_loud_sound_when_we_clap/ | {
"a_id": [
"dn4i140"
],
"score": [
55
],
"text": [
"You're compressing the air between your hands rapidly, creating a pressure wave. Which is, you know, what sound is.\n\nThe best, loudest claps involve cupping your hands to trap more air between them. Your hands squeeze that air together before ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
npl4x | Can an asthma inhaler benefit someone who doesn't have asthma? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/npl4x/can_an_asthma_inhaler_benefit_someone_who_doesnt/ | {
"a_id": [
"c3axsp4",
"c3axsp4"
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"score": [
4,
4
],
"text": [
"what drug is it? I know that atrovent (ventolin) opens your air ways significantly and is used by runners and weight lifters. However it's not a corticosteriod; which is what you have from the sounds of it. I used an inhaler... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.webmd.com/asthma/inhaled-corticosteroids-for-long-term-control-of-asthma"
],
[
"http://www.webmd.com/asthma/inhaled-corticosteroids-for-long-term-control-of-asthma"
]
] | ||
1d76ak | why does lettuce, the white part, get all brown and slimey? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1d76ak/eli5why_does_lettuce_the_white_part_get_all_brown/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9ntgvz"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"It's residue from bacterial decomposition. Basically, the lettuce is going bad (rotting). "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
ika6r | Is it possible to create a self powered battery using magnets? | Yes is this is a repost of same idea just explained a bit better. If four neodymium magnets were placed diagonally around a sturdy piece of metal wrapped in copper wire, with a rotatable ring surrounding the inner ring containing four neodymium magnets facing the inner magnets at a + + or - - also with copper wire surr... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ika6r/is_it_possible_to_create_a_self_powered_battery/ | {
"a_id": [
"c24f4v4"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"No, the magnets would just lock in place. Perpetual motion is not possible."
]
} | [] | [
"http://imgur.com/bjVpD"
] | [
[]
] | |
7bw706 | why is it seemingly impossible to sync your blinker with the car in front of you? even if it's the same make/model? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7bw706/eli5why_is_it_seemingly_impossible_to_sync_your/ | {
"a_id": [
"dpl87i8"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"(This may not be true for all cars, but it has been on the cars I've owned). The on/off blink timing for your turn signals isn't controlled by a chip, its controlled by an analogue circuit that uses the relative resistances of the lights/lamps ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
fzujof | how can people with alzheimers/dementia remember to speak and understand, for the most part, general conversations - but can forget things like their children, to eat, basic personal hygiene, etc? | Are these memories held in different parts of the brain? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/fzujof/eli5_how_can_people_with_alzheimersdementia/ | {
"a_id": [
"fn6670l",
"fn68dq9"
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"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Things like speech and understanding are impacted as well, but they are distributed in the brain over many neurons, not necessarily in the same spot, so they are easier to access even with impediments. Specific memories will... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
66o562 | why do athletes get heart attacks? | I've known of two professional athletes that have died of a heart attack in the last few days. Both past their prime but definitely not old either and still fit (retired from competitive sport). why would someone still very fit get a heart attack? If anything id have thought professionally fit people who look after the... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/66o562/eli5_why_do_athletes_get_heart_attacks/ | {
"a_id": [
"dgjz53e"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Exercise and activity is good for your body and for being fit, but athletes by definition go much farther than the state of being fit with the activity that they do. As such it is not uncommon for them to over tax their hearts and lungs, and if t... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1fo048 | How is exposure to a virus correlated to one's likelihood of getting sick? | I know this may seem like a dumb question at first, but I'll try to explain. From my limited understanding of biology, when a virus enters your body, it sneaks into a cell and tricks it into producing more virii, which in turn infiltrate more cells and so on until your immune system gets the upper hand. That is unless ... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1fo048/how_is_exposure_to_a_virus_correlated_to_ones/ | {
"a_id": [
"cac7cnr",
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"score": [
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5
],
"text": [
"The basic idea is kind of the opposite of what you said. More viruses do not mean that they are easier to \"spot\", just that it is easier for them to overwhelm the host's defenses. This concept is called the \"infectious do... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infectious_dose"
],
[]
] | |
1skqsy | How did the institution of exiling criminals to siberia change from the Romanovs to the Soviet Union? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1skqsy/how_did_the_institution_of_exiling_criminals_to/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Firstly, it is important to note that prisons in Siberia weren't that bad under the Romanovs. Lenin himself was exiled there, and this is where a lot of the sources focus, so I will discuss it more. His experience in Siberia was hardly that of a ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://stalinsmoustache.wordpress.com/2011/01/26/lenin-in-siberia/",
"https://archive.org/details/siberiaexilesyst02kenniala",
"http://www.thedailybell.com/definitions/params/id/2818/",
"http://31stinfantry.org/Documents/Chapter%202.pdf",
"https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/lifework... | ||
5z5lmy | How complicit were Colt Firearms and the US military in the disastrous introduction of the M16 rifle during the Vietnam war? | I recently read C.J.Chiver's history of the AK-47 (The Gun) which includes a chapter on the M16 rifle's introduction during the Vietnam war (excerpt [here](_URL_0_)). Chiver's account is a compelling read, aided by having clear villains and heroes. To what degree is this narrative accepted? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5z5lmy/how_complicit_were_colt_firearms_and_the_us/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"I'm very much interested in hearing a separate evaluation of Chivers's argument in general. He is obviously fiercely critical of to initial rollout and introduction of the M16, but how valid are those criticisms?",
"I... | [] | [
"http://www.esquire.com/news-politics/a25677/ak-47-history-1110/"
] | [
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M16_rifle#Adoption",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160101074134/http://www.thegunzone.com/556prop.html"
]
] | |
2nm49l | if somebody shot a gun directly at you, how far away from the shooter would you have to be to realistically jump out of the way of the bullet in time? | I realize it also depends on the kind of gun. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2nm49l/eli5_if_somebody_shot_a_gun_directly_at_you_how/ | {
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"W... | [] | [] | [
[],
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[],
[],
[],
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cffyeh | where and how do mountains, rivers, forests, and deserts form? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/cffyeh/eli5_where_and_how_do_mountains_rivers_forests/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Generally speaking mountains form in one of two ways.\n\nThe primary way is due to plate tectonics. The surface of the Earth, the continents and sea floor are broken up into a series of plates which sit on top of the mantle which is made up of li... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
6jturp | Why is Strychnine referenced so often in popular culture in reference to poison? Was Strychnine a commonly used murder weapon? | There's the legend that Robert Johnson died from drinking wine from a bottle spiked with Strychnine. No one really knows what happened so why Strychnine?
In *Office Space*, Milton threatens to put "Strychnine in the guacamole." Though a colorless, tastless poison it may be, there must other similar toxins that could ... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6jturp/why_is_strychnine_referenced_so_often_in_popular/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Strychnine has long been used as a rat poison (or other mammal/bird pest poison). During the 19th century production increased dramatically and it became practically a household item. Pest control has always been a major concern and in the early ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
6ofrt5 | what happens to the newly "dead" bacteria on your hands after you use hand sanitizer that "kills" bacteria? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6ofrt5/eli5_what_happens_to_the_newly_dead_bacteria_on/ | {
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"https://redd.it/5640rc",
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... | ||
1u0mbo | In the 1820's, how did people send messages between countries? | Ideally, what I'm curious about is how the Australian colonies might have sent letters (or similar) back to England, but any example from any country is perfectly fine. Did 'common' people do it?
I'm also curious if only literate people did this, or if it was common for people to transcribe a message and send it on so... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1u0mbo/in_the_1820s_how_did_people_send_messages_between/ | {
"a_id": [
"cedfh0w",
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"score": [
2,
3
],
"text": [
"Hopefully someone can contribute more info/detail regarding long-distance communication during that period, but you can get started on this section of the FAQ - the posts in subsection \"ship-to-ship\" is the most relevant f... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/economics#wiki_communications"
],
[
"http://200years.auspost.com.au/pdf/1851_Eureka.pdf",
"http://200years.auspost.com.au/pdf/1838_OpeningUpTheNation.pdf",
"http://200years.auspost.com.au/#",
"http://200years.auspost.com.au/pdf/1809_AustPostalSer... | |
4bxdcd | why do our eyes "burn" when they are red? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4bxdcd/eli5_why_do_our_eyes_burn_when_they_are_red/ | {
"a_id": [
"d1d9pcy"
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"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Red eyes usually mean there's a degree of inflamation going on. During inflamation, several chemicals are released and they cause blood vessels to become swollen and they become visible. Burning and Itching sensations are transmitted through unmy... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
f4s221 | What were eating disorders like in colonial North America? | I’m thinking 13 colonies, but I’ll take a broader range of North American colonies. Was there an acknowledgement of eating disorders—not by name, obviously, but “oh Sally throws up after every meal”? If so, was there a class difference? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/f4s221/what_were_eating_disorders_like_in_colonial_north/ | {
"a_id": [
"fhtwnrl"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"To answer this question, we first have to take a moment to consider the nature of mental illness. Mental illness is not a 'static' thing the way that physical illness is - the prevalence and the expression of mental illness is hugely dependent o... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2pl6uv | how did they make glass 1,500 years ago? | Referring to the post on the front page about the discovered mummies:
_URL_0_
There were glass artifacts dug up, how did they manage to make them without modern tools and machines? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2pl6uv/eli5_how_did_they_make_glass_1500_years_ago/ | {
"a_id": [
"cmxobds"
],
"score": [
3
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"text": [
"You just need a really hot kiln.\n\nIf you can make iron things you can make glass.\n\nGlass isnt hard to make."
]
} | [] | [
"http://www.livescience.com/49147-egyptian-cemetery-million-mummies.html"
] | [
[]
] | |
1o9f3o | Contemporary evidence shows that Vikings were of average (or close) height, while historical sources assert that they were veritable giants. How do we reconcile this? | Thanks to paulthepenguin for pointing out this clarification: average for their time (sources differ, but something like 5'6" or 5'7" compared to a contemporary average of 5'5"). | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1o9f3o/contemporary_evidence_shows_that_vikings_were_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccpysx1"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"Average compared to whom? If you're referring to average compared to modern-day height, than historically they would have appeared to be quite large.\n\nIt may also have been hyperbole on the account of historians; the Vikings were ferocious, as ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1mhxp0 | [Physics] What happens to the kinetic energy in a car involved in a crash? | If a 1300kg car is travelling at 100km/h and the brakes were applied until it stopped, its kinetic energy would been directly turned into heat in the braking system (mainly in the discs and pads). If the same car hit a solid wall at the same speed, obviously the energy dissipates through the car as it crumples, but wha... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1mhxp0/physics_what_happens_to_the_kinetic_energy_in_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"cc9h5ow",
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"score": [
8,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"A crashed car will indeed be hotter, though I'm afraid I couldn't put a number on it. If you take a small bendable piece of metal like a paperclip and bend it back and forth quickly, you can make it qui... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
3dqy45 | We all know a lot venomous or poisonous animals mostly have bright colors to warn predators. Are there any animals that abuse this fact? | i.e. like an animal with bright colors that actually isn't poisonous at all, but just trying to look like it. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3dqy45/we_all_know_a_lot_venomous_or_poisonous_animals/ | {
"a_id": [
"ct8hrh1"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Sure, apparently this is called [Batesian mimicry](_URL_0_)."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batesian_mimicry"
]
] | |
3l0lrt | how can a color blind person correctly name previously unseen colors when wearing enchroma glasses? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3l0lrt/eli5_how_can_a_color_blind_person_correctly_name/ | {
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12,
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"text": [
"My guess is that they already know what color the object they're looking at is, but can't see it correctly.",
"Just a guess but I would assume they have ... | [] | [] | [
[],
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[],
[],
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] | ||
63es0h | why does zalgo text seem to display everywhere regardless of localization? | I'm talking about t̠͚̺̝̠̤̟h̜͙̤i͏s̵ ̞͇̝k̛̗͉i̭͕͓̻̲ņd͍̼ ͍̮o̙̯̬͔͍̗̝͜f̘͕̠͕͕͓ ͙̘̠̖̞̠b̘͝i͕̲z
I understand that they're combinations of "stacked" characters. What I don't understand is that it seems to break localization restrictions. Take a phone messaging service - why are the combined characters able to go beyond the spee... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/63es0h/eli5_why_does_zalgo_text_seem_to_display/ | {
"a_id": [
"dftkj2d"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Zalgo text takes advantage of tricks built into unicode. \n\nUnicode is a standard for how text in all the world's major languages should be handled. It includes support not just for the latin alphabet but quite a few writing systems, including o... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2lth0s | How come my urine color isn't affected by drinking colored drinks? | Are the colorants present in drinks consumed, eliminated in other ways or are they building up inside the body?
(The specific drink i'm referring to is Coca-Cola but it might not be relevant) | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2lth0s/how_come_my_urine_color_isnt_affected_by_drinking/ | {
"a_id": [
"clyb1q3"
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"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Largely food additives which are used for colouring follow one of three paths; they are either digested in your gut (broken down in to constituent bits which can be absorbed as food), absorbed as-is and later broken down by the liver, or they pas... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
15qr17 | Why didn't Russians eliminate the Feudal system even though they observed the rest of Europe go through the Renaissance because of the Feudal Systems end? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/15qr17/why_didnt_russians_eliminate_the_feudal_system/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7ozmsn"
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"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Russia ignored western Europe until the rule of Peter the Great (1682-1725)."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1dsp3t | What were some of the great duels and rivalries between historians? | Reading 1491 by Charles Mann, it is obvious that historians and archeologists are extremely passionate and things can go south very fast. High-Counters vs Low-Counters, Clovis vs pre-Clovis, it gets pretty ugly.
Considering Wittegenstein and Popper nearly came to blows (or pokers), what are some of the great historian... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1dsp3t/what_were_some_of_the_great_duels_and_rivalries/ | {
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"text": [
"I'll be a jerk and not give names, since I can't remember them, but a buddy and me wrote a treatment for a film about dueling paleontologists during the heyd... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historikerstreit"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_wars"
]
] | |
733jpf | why do (most) americans reject cars with a manual shift stick? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/733jpf/eli5_why_do_most_americans_reject_cars_with_a/ | {
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4,
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"text": [
"1. Automatic transmissions are price-competitive here (and in many models the auto is actually cheaper).\n2. Gas prices in the US have historically been very low by European standards. So the gas-saving... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
bi1ddn | how are artificial color dyes made differently from natural color dyes? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bi1ddn/eli5_how_are_artificial_color_dyes_made/ | {
"a_id": [
"elxa4ux"
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"text": [
"Natural dyes are made by taking something that's the right color and processing it into a dye.\n\nArtificial dyes are made by putting generic, commodity chemicals into a chemical reaction process that ends up with a dye."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2gw40r | what did roger goodell do to cause such an uproar for him to resign? | I'm from London, and so not a lot of talk about Goodell here, but all I see on reddit is that he should resign, but not much of why. Any explanations will be appreciated. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2gw40r/eli5_what_did_roger_goodell_do_to_cause_such_an/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"He is the commissioner of the NFL and a lot of people are angry over how he handled the domestic violence controversy plaguing the league right now.\n\nRay Rice was allowed to stay on the team and play while the issue played... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1656hu | did the Iliad change much or at all, over time? | would the common version of the Iliad in 495 BC be at all different from that of AD 298, for example? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1656hu/did_the_iliad_change_much_or_at_all_over_time/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7su7ch"
],
"score": [
45
],
"text": [
"For the period prior to the third century BCE this is a very controversial question among the people who specialise in this area: probably you'll scarcely find two Homerists with the same opinion.\n\nIt's universally agreed that the text didn't ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.theoi.com/Text/HomericHymns1.html#3",
"http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/History_of_the_Peloponnesian_War/Book_3#3:104"
]
] | |
py447 | My professor uses a purple laser pointer I'm class and the dot always seems out of focus compared to a red laser. Why is this? | Is this a result of varying wavelengths that just my eyes can't focus on? Or is this universal with all human eyes? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/py447/my_professor_uses_a_purple_laser_pointer_im_class/ | {
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2,
2
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"text": [
"In short, it's evolution. Green is the most common colour in the human environment, so our eyes have adapted to be best at seeing greens. Reds are important, as they indicate food... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.cambridgeincolour.com/tutorials/color-perception.htm"
],
[
"http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2005/07/blue-led-backlash.html",
"http://ronbigelow.com/articles/color-perception-3/perception-3.htm"
],
[],
[]
] | |
dvzfnp | how do children acquire word meaning? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/dvzfnp/eli5_how_do_children_acquire_word_meaning/ | {
"a_id": [
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9
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"text": [
"Tell someone to pick something up and make up a word. boom. They pick up a \"rock\" nah, that's a gangalafuck.",
"Most of it is context and repetition. You see a dog, you point at the dog, you say \"dog\". Your kid assoc... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
2fypz0 | How do we identify smell of rotten meat as "sweet", what does it have in common with taste of sugar? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2fypz0/how_do_we_identify_smell_of_rotten_meat_as_sweet/ | {
"a_id": [
"cke5gzp"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"It's not the taste, but the smell. Certain molecules smell similar based of the molecules structure and what elements that are attached. The molecules released by the bacteria digesting the rotten meat would be a similar compound and have a simil... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
kana0 | How much electricity do I need to shock myself with before I feel it? | . | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/kana0/how_much_electricity_do_i_need_to_shock_myself/ | {
"a_id": [
"c2iszba",
"c2iszba"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"It comes down to current. The rule of thumb that is taught in many places is the 1-10-100 rule: it takes 1 milliamp to feel it, 10 milliamps to prevent your muscles from relaxing to let go of the source, and 100 milliamps to... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
3hufx6 | Where does the term "Scandinavia" truly come from? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3hufx6/where_does_the_term_scandinavia_truly_come_from/ | {
"a_id": [
"cuamukt"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"From to the OED: The name Scandinavia, which appears in the existing text of Pliny, is a mistake for Scadinavia, < Germanic *Skadīnaujā, whence by normal phonetic development Old English Scędenig (Beowulf 3336) = Old Norse Skáney (adopted in Ol... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1m718d | how do employer personality assessment tests work and how could someone possibly fail one? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1m718d/eli5_how_do_employer_personality_assessment_tests/ | {
"a_id": [
"cc6dcfe",
"cc6f0pt"
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"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"If you're applying for a sales position (or any customer-facing position), but your personality test indicates that you're strongly shy and introverted, they might consider that a \"fail\". It's not a judgement of you as a p... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
80hfk7 | if the sun and moon are both visible (and well above the horizon), how could the moon still have a shadow? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/80hfk7/eli5_if_the_sun_and_moon_are_both_visible_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"duvlfu8",
"duvlgbt",
"duvnd71"
],
"score": [
2,
3,
3
],
"text": [
"About half of the Moon is always in shadow, just like Earth. The lit side of both spheroids is the side facing the sun. The only time we can't see that shadow is when the moon is on the exact opposite s... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
72xnok | why are polygons in 3d modelling software by default triangles/rectangles (pentagons & up) | title is sort of vague, but I've worked in a few 3D modelling programs and while you can have as many vertices to one polygon as you please, and even make your own shapes, but they are by default only made as triangles or rectangles,
(excluding circles.) I've always wondered why instead of using less vertices, and pol... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/72xnok/eli5_why_are_polygons_in_3d_modelling_software_by/ | {
"a_id": [
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"dnm7igg",
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2,
17,
6,
7,
3
],
"text": [
"Any polygon can be divided up into multiple, adjacent triangles without changing the vertex count. Math for interacting with 3D object can be quite complex, ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
g1lhbq | Why did ancient people make soap? | They didn't understand germ theory so what was the point? The Gauls made soap in Europe however they used animal fat which I would think would be quite valuable otherwise so why were materials used to make soap when they didn't know the implications of this invention? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/g1lhbq/why_did_ancient_people_make_soap/ | {
"a_id": [
"fnges1e"
],
"score": [
21
],
"text": [
"Because you don't need germ theory to understand hygiene and general cleanliness. Some reading I dug up for you:\n\n* u/Somecrazynerd offers a [general overview on hygiene](_URL_1_);\n* u/BRIStoneman here examines [Anglo-Saxon and Norman hygieni... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6qiuu0/was_aztec_tenochtitlan_relatively_hygienic/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/do0iof/what_level_of_hygiene_was_expected_of/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/bqjfh7/what_was_the_reason_for_the_decline_of_basic/"
... | |
oqnw8 | If you were woken up while sleeping, would you resume your sleep cycle or start over again? | For instance, let's say that someone called in the middle of the night and woke you up for a brief amount of time, then you fell back asleep. If before you woke up you were partway through a full sleep cycle and had not yet reached REM sleep, would your body start a new cycle when you fell back to sleep, or would it so... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/oqnw8/if_you_were_woken_up_while_sleeping_would_you/ | {
"a_id": [
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"Hi all, first Reddit post, been lurking for a couple weeks now and thoroughly enjoying everyones posts. \n\nI'm a sleep tech, I study how people sleep, help in the diagnosis and treatment of sleep disorders. While there is an expected textbook... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
fsj94p | Why do some trees like Avocado trees have red leaves at first but then they turn green? | I hadn’t noticed that beforehand until I got an avocado tree at home. There is another tree on my block that also has red leaves first and then they turn green with time. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/fsj94p/why_do_some_trees_like_avocado_trees_have_red/ | {
"a_id": [
"fm7lfq6",
"fm3jxo6"
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"score": [
3,
3
],
"text": [
"Delayed greening of leaves is very common in tropical trees like avocado. There are several hypothesized reasons. Green leaves (chloroplasts) are more nutritional for herbivores and costly for plants, so plants want to avoid... | [] | [] | [
[
"Sci-hub.tw",
"https://www.jstor.org/stable/3547623?seq=1",
"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32133020/"
],
[]
] | |
1d6a20 | when does it stop being an homage or reference to another great work and cross over to becoming plagiarism/stealing copyrighted works? | I often hear stories about how certain movie or TV show lines are references to other movies/TV shows. How come these are okay, when I doubt that the writers tracked down the original creators and asked permission to use those lines? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1d6a20/eli5_when_does_it_stop_being_an_homage_or/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9nalvb"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"When the copyright owner decides to sue you."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
8dhhtj | How does the current shift away from the concept of "feudalism" in medieval scholarship impact the understanding of statebuilding and the centralization of power in the early modern era? | A common theme hammered upon by the medievalists of our find subreddit is that the concept of "feudalism" is wrong \- "feudalism doesn't real" \- and that the term has mostly been abandoned by medievalists. But even in fairly recent academic publications I still see it used by non\-medievalists. For someone writing abo... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8dhhtj/how_does_the_current_shift_away_from_the_concept/ | {
"a_id": [
"dxnbach",
"dxo82ia",
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"score": [
16,
20,
30
],
"text": [
"Well I must say I'm quite surprised to learn that the notion of feodalism is being challenged. As a young medievist from a non anglo-saxon country, I've yet to find a single questionning of this conc... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
2wjdju | why is a 'swiss bank account' such a bigger thing than other countries bank accounts? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2wjdju/eli5_why_is_a_swiss_bank_account_such_a_bigger/ | {
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"cormsbo",
"cormsvp",
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"cormvaf",
"cornl0b",
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"c... | [] | [] | [
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6dnu84 | how do farmers make sure that no fertilized/developing eggs make it to market? | I assume hens and roosters aren't put together, but especially for free range, I'm sure at some point a rooster and hen must have found a way to get frisky | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6dnu84/eli5_how_do_farmers_make_sure_that_no/ | {
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13,
6,
2,
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"text": [
"Eggs can only get fertilized when there are roosters around to fertilize the eggs. No roosters, no fertilized eggs. So the way farmers make sure that no fer... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
1a4ce8 | If Iridium is apparently not the heaviest atom found in nature, than what accounts for for a chunk of pure iridium being the densest substance on Earth? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1a4ce8/if_iridium_is_apparently_not_the_heaviest_atom/ | {
"a_id": [
"c8tywgt"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"Like platinum and gold, iridium is a noble metal. This means it does not react with air or soil and forms nuggets.\n\n\nThe noble metal osmium (by some sources) is slightly denser and is also found as an uncombined element.\n\nOsimium and iridium... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanthanide_contraction#Influence_on_the_post-lanthanides"
]
] | ||
16q17m | what does java do for the computer? | With the problems with having to disable it, I'm just wondering. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/16q17m/what_does_java_do_for_the_computer/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7yax27",
"c7ybkpi"
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"score": [
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2
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"text": [
"Java is an environment that programs can run in, kinda like Flash Player.\n\nWithout Flash Player, you cannot watch Flash animations or play Flash games. Similarly, without Java, you can't play Java games or use Java program... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
2d2zwp | how do small particles actually move? | So I know that we can predict the amount of chance a particle has to be at a certain place by solving the schrodinger equation for the whole system. But in order for the particle to behave correctly and not violate our solution, wouldn't it have to 'know' the whole system as well? instantaneously?
(This really confus... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2d2zwp/how_do_small_particles_actually_move/ | {
"a_id": [
"cjlojyx"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"There isn't a thing that is \"the particle,\" separate from the wavefunction. People often say things like \"the wavefunction gives the probability that the particle will be detected at a certain point\" but what that really means is that the wav... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
33c1tj | Is there a reason for radioactive decay to emit only alpha particles as protons and neutrons combination? | I was wondering why there is no emission of another protons and neutrons combinations (eg. deuterium nucleus). I'm aware of proton, neutron and beta decay but I'm asking specifically about nucleus-like particles. Maybe there is but it's so unlikely that it is of no interest to physics? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/33c1tj/is_there_a_reason_for_radioactive_decay_to_emit/ | {
"a_id": [
"cqkqblu"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"It's because an alpha particle has a very high binding energy per nucleon compared to other nuclei in this region.\n\n[Check out that sexy spike in binding energy at 4He.](_URL_0_)\n\nFormation of the alpha particle must occur within the mother n... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Binding_energy_curve_-_common_isotopes.svg",
"http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v307/n5948/abs/307245a0.html",
"http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.ns.39.120189.000315"
]
] | |
qxadu | - xkcd comic #1028 | I don't really understand [it](_URL_0_). Does this mean I'm bad at communicating information to others, or understanding pictorial array's attempts at communicating? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/qxadu/eli5_xkcd_comic_1028/ | {
"a_id": [
"c416oyi",
"c418q3u",
"c419aq1"
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"score": [
6,
7,
5
],
"text": [
"White hat sees a dangerous trench, tries to warn others verbally. \n\nShort Hair and Woman don't understand (or at least don't pay attention to) the danger until they experience it for themselves by fal... | [] | [
"http://xkcd.com/1028/"
] | [
[],
[
"www.explainxkcd.com"
],
[]
] | |
3qdqsz | Is there a mental disorder that causes the delusion of having other mental disorders? | The delusions would be of experiencing symptoms of other disorders. Someone may claim to suffer from schizophrenia, show no symptoms of it, yet claim to experience many or all of the non-observable symptoms.
I am not referring to factitious disorders, where the individual is intentionally spreading lies. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3qdqsz/is_there_a_mental_disorder_that_causes_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"cwkoor9",
"cwebtfz"
],
"score": [
2,
14
],
"text": [
"Delusions occur as a symptom of several different known mental disorders-- most commonly schizophrenia, but also delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, manic episodes (part of bipolar disorder), and sometimes depres... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munchausen_syndrome"
]
] | |
803vxi | why do you feel unsafe when limbs are sticking out under your blankets? | And why does this not apply to your head? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/803vxi/eli5_why_do_you_feel_unsafe_when_limbs_are/ | {
"a_id": [
"dussdcr",
"duuanxn"
],
"score": [
18,
2
],
"text": [
"I’m not a psychologist but I imagine it has to do with feeling exposed. When you sleep you’re at your most vulnerable so I think the body is trying to protect itself as best as possible before falling asleep. It’s that or ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
btlasz | How did ancient people develop martial arts? | When i say martial arts, i am talking about fighting styles with an organised syllabus and distinct style, from ancient Japanese peasants to European warrior man at arms. How did they develop effective techniques and whst would influence the differences in one style from another? For example, the fighting style of japa... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/btlasz/how_did_ancient_people_develop_martial_arts/ | {
"a_id": [
"ep7j3ml"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"We don't know how the earliest martial arts styles developed. For later martial arts, there tend to be three types of origin stories:\n\n1. Divine inspiration. For example, received the techniques in a dream or vision, in a flash of enlightenment... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1hq6hd | The Limitations of the Huygens-Fresnel Principle in Wave Propagation | I recently learned about the Huygens-Fresnel principle while studying Physics in high-school. However, there were several points that bothered me. I have tried to research these questions, but nothing has come up to sate my curiosity.
For reference: _URL_1_
Questions:
1) From my understanding, the propagation of the... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1hq6hd/the_limitations_of_the_huygensfresnel_principle/ | {
"a_id": [
"cawxl8n"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"To understand shadows, consider this: The waves to the right of the slit (if the wave is traveling right) are the result of the sum of the waves from the points in the slit. If you go straight out from the center of the slit, consider all the wav... | [] | [
"https://encrypted-tbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ_9n-cpW9xVlKCCZg4gPmhSXXMWNHvK_ZZnJmHFKfqNCh4YDrJqg",
"http://img.sparknotes.com/figures/C/c33e2bffc162212e1d9aa769ad3ae54f/diffract.gif"
] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Wave_equation_1D_fixed_endpoints.gif",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_equation"
]
] | |
7hnj21 | Why haven't we deciphered Indus Valley Civilization script yet or are we any closer? | One might think that with huge advancement in computation technology, we should be much closer at deciphering it. Is there any serious work still going on this or there is a lack of interest or this particular subject is lacking funds? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7hnj21/why_havent_we_deciphered_indus_valley/ | {
"a_id": [
"dqt6yd8",
"dqxk9sf"
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"score": [
2,
22
],
"text": [
"You might also try /r/AskAnthropology",
"#What do you need to decipher a script?\n\nIn order to successfully decipher a writing system, you must understand the language(s) written with that writing system. Most successf... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.engr.mun.ca/~asharan/bihar/indus/Image5.jpg"
]
] | |
51f9fj | When a byzantine emperor would choose a patriarch, would the patriarch give personal advise to the emperor? | This was always something I inferred from my reading of history. I know the Eastern Orthodox have a tradition of "spiritual fathers". But was this the case? How would the emperor decide whom to choose? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/51f9fj/when_a_byzantine_emperor_would_choose_a_patriarch/ | {
"a_id": [
"d7cbfy3"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"I can answer in the case of one patriarch of Constantinople: Nestorius. Firstly, how was Nestorius chosen? His election came in the midst of a controversy over whom to elect to the position and his election was that of an outside candidate, so as... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
46ij7l | I've heard the Soviets were victorious in WWII because they were willing to lose as many men as necessary to win battles. Is this true? | The way I've heard it, the Soviets basically were okay with shoving their men into a meat grinder during battle as long as they got an eventual victory. The Germans were not willing to throw away their soldiers' lives so easily, and this was one of the reasons the Soviet juggernaut was able to muscle its way through Ge... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/46ij7l/ive_heard_the_soviets_were_victorious_in_wwii/ | {
"a_id": [
"d05f40i",
"d05gkc7"
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"score": [
5,
5
],
"text": [
"Yes and no. \n\nJosef Stalin was certainly OK with losing as many men as necessary-I don't know how it is possible for the mildly historically cognizant to come to any other conclusion. The man just did not value human life,... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/33gpww/where_did_the_myth_of_the_soviet_union_throwing/"
]
] | |
3jnnqx | why is there so many muslims in indonesia, malaysia ... ? | Edit : My question may seems a bit racist for some of you but I am not. I thought it would have been more logical for these countries to be animist or buddhist. I don't have any problem with muslims and people from there ! I just wanted to understand why that's it. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3jnnqx/eli5why_is_there_so_many_muslims_in_indonesia/ | {
"a_id": [
"cuqs43j"
],
"score": [
17
],
"text": [
"Back in the day the Indian Ocean was host to a lot of trade (for the time). Monsoon winds helped reliably carry trade from as far as China to East Africa. \n\nA lot of the trade came to be dominated by Muslim merchants. In much the same way that... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
20to0k | What was the reaction to Polish territories being annexed by the Soviet Union in 1945? | Hello everybody,
This is a question that has been on my mind for quite some time. The Wikipedia article goes into some detail about the [Oder-Neisse line](_URL_1_), but doesn't really cover the other transfer of territory that took place. I'm referring to the territory annexed by the Soviet Union as seen on [this map]... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/20to0k/what_was_the_reaction_to_polish_territories_being/ | {
"a_id": [
"cg6mscx"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"The legitimate government of Poland, the Polish Government in Exile based in London. Was staunchly opposed to the annexation of Eastern Poland and the willingness of the Western allied powers to allow the Soviets to get away with it. The British ... | [] | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Curzon_line_en.svg",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oder%E2%80%93Neisse_line"
] | [
[]
] | |
1m7gkq | If 1 of the heads of a Siamese Twin was to be choked/cut-off, would the other "head" die? | So, we're having this discussion, and we're wondering - if you have a person who is a Siamese twin with two heads, and one of the heads gets choked or cut off, what would happen to the other head? Would they die? Would they be completely fine? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1m7gkq/if_1_of_the_heads_of_a_siamese_twin_was_to_be/ | {
"a_id": [
"cc6jx2k",
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"score": [
9,
3
],
"text": [
"I'm not particularly qualified to answer this question, but I believe it would depend simply on the degree to which they were conjoined. Conjoined twins can be two wholly separate humans, only conjoined by a small area, such... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
bglqtz | why are some gun calibers stronger than others, yet going by name 7.62mm is weaker than .338? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/bglqtz/eli5_why_are_some_gun_calibers_stronger_than/ | {
"a_id": [
"ellsvtw",
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6,
5,
4
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"text": [
"The caliber refers to the size of the projectile, not the amount of powder used to propel that projectile.",
"Different calibers use different amounts of powder and different ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
562852 | Are there any wild animals that are showing signs of adapting to cars? IE: Looking both ways before crossing the street | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/562852/are_there_any_wild_animals_that_are_showing_signs/ | {
"a_id": [
"d8h80nm",
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"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Yes, in fact birds such as crows have been known to use cars to their advantage. They are able to learn when traffic stops and goes at lights and will then drop a hard nut into the road to be crushed by cars and wait for tra... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.google.com/amp/www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-downtown-coyotes-met-0117-20150116-story,amp.html?client=safari"
]
] | ||
2s8bjt | how does using cough medicine help your health? | I always thought cough medicine would be worse for you in the long run, since it stops you coughing up stuff that shouldn't be where it is. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2s8bjt/eli5how_does_using_cough_medicine_help_your_health/ | {
"a_id": [
"cnn38dp"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"It doesn't help your health, it simply suppresses your cough. IOW: It alleviates a symptom; it doesn't cure an infliction. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5y7lh8 | what happens to dead bodies without any family or friends? | [deleted] | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5y7lh8/eli5_what_happens_to_dead_bodies_without_any/ | {
"a_id": [
"denr8vn",
"denwurh"
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"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"Depends on the state but if there is no will or estate left behind then they will usually be cremated. In my area if organ donors are found this way they sometimes make it to our forensic labs to help with decomp analysis or... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
65prfd | how did nail polish become a thing? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/65prfd/eli5_how_did_nail_polish_become_a_thing/ | {
"a_id": [
"dgc6w1a",
"dgcx12x"
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"score": [
8,
2
],
"text": [
"In Ancient Egypt and a few other ancient cultures the wealthy lacquered or otherwise painted their nails as a sign of status. The fact that they were able to afford the make-up and lived a leisurely enough life that they did... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
2xt0oh | In WW2 did Germany control the food supply entering to and by how much the amount to Finland Sweden and Switzerland? | Did they leverage this to their advantage, i.e. forcing the Finns to attack/fight where otherwise they may not have. Are thee examples of Sweden and Switzerland being effected forcing them to consent to certain policies or exchanges or where they immune? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2xt0oh/in_ww2_did_germany_control_the_food_supply/ | {
"a_id": [
"cp38lbe"
],
"score": [
10
],
"text": [
"Yes and no.\n\nSweden had a treaty with Britain and Germany ready at the outbreak of war to allow a certain number of ships through the British blockade and through the German minefields in the North Sea and Dogger's Banks. In theory, the German... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2z52yz | why do humans seem to be the only animal that actively helps and feeds other strange* animals? | How many times do you see people helping a baby after it hurts itself. Or how many people feed wild animals.
How come you never see (I guess my question is DO they) a wild animal help another wild animal? Like, I've heard stories of wild lions and snakes taking care of a human baby. (Okay, not take care of but prote... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2z52yz/eli5_why_do_humans_seem_to_be_the_only_animal/ | {
"a_id": [
"cpfq9l4",
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"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"There are cases, noy entirely sure why(instinct?) but there are cases.\nFor instance when X female mammal breastfeeds some other X mammal.",
"Many animals have a protective/parenting instinct. Dolphins are known to prote... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1zosjs | if there was a nuclear strike, why wouldn't be able to make the missiles explode at a safer distance with a drone or a different missile? | I know that we can use missiles to shoot down other falling objects, so why couldn't we scramble a missile or drone to intercept and explode one before it reached its destination? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1zosjs/eli5if_there_was_a_nuclear_strike_why_wouldnt_be/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"ICBM's are extremely fast (upwards of Mach 23 on the LGM-30 Minuteman) towards the re-entry phase of the missile as it returns into earth's atmosphere. \n\nThe best odds would be to strike one before it re-enters earths atmosphere which would inv... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1duvoh | What is in the meat besides macronutrients and water? | For example 100g of grilled chicken breasts has 23g of protein, 1g of fat and 0,5g of carbohydrates and some water. Does my body in any way use that other 75,5g? What is it made of? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1duvoh/what_is_in_the_meat_besides_macronutrients_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9u4ege"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"That extra 75.5g is water.\n\n_URL_0_"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.fsis.usda.gov/factsheets/Water_in_Meats/index.asp"
]
] | |
1e48by | What is the earliest reference to inflation historically? | Did early civilisations understand that making more money devalued the money that already existed? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1e48by/what_is_the_earliest_reference_to_inflation/ | {
"a_id": [
"c9wqku5",
"c9wqvqu"
],
"score": [
2,
7
],
"text": [
"I don't know about the first reference in history, but the [Song Dynasty in China]( _URL_0_) is known for introducing paper fiat currency. By the 13th century they were issusing paper currency faster than it could be backed ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Song/song-econ.html"
],
[
"http://www.forumancientcoins.com/numiswiki/view.asp?key=Edict%20of%20Diocletian%20Edict%20on%20Prices",
"http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/301286?searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3FQuery%3Droman%2Bmilitary%2Bpay%26acc%3Don%26w... | |
7zaami | Why did building with stone never really take off in America? | I'm no expert on Stone housing but it seems like there's a serious lack of stone-built houses in America. I know in Europe there are Stone houses pretty much everywhere and stucco houses...whatever stucco is. Why did Stone houses never take off in America? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7zaami/why_did_building_with_stone_never_really_take_off/ | {
"a_id": [
"dun2gj3"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"I’m not quite sure where you’re getting the impression that the United States or it’s neighbors do not have stone houses. The US has plenty of stone construction for both residential (see colonial-style homes as a major example) and public (the U... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
96n2qp | why do so many game devs tie physics and other calculations to frame rate? | So many games ported to PC have horrendous support for higher refresh rates, which I know is because the developers have tied certain things like physics calculations to the frame rate. Is this done for a good reason today, or is this a relic of the bronze age of gaming that should and will get better? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/96n2qp/eli5_why_do_so_many_game_devs_tie_physics_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"e41tbg4",
"e41tfmw",
"e41tk5c",
"e41tl19"
],
"score": [
33,
8,
6,
3
],
"text": [
"Because it's easier. There are two other options:\n\n1) make physics and logic still tied to the actual framerate but scale it by the time between each frame\n\n2) run physics sep... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
a2tu83 | what happens in the us when a president dies? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/a2tu83/eli5_what_happens_in_the_us_when_a_president_dies/ | {
"a_id": [
"eb148bm",
"eb148un",
"eb14a96",
"eb18e55"
],
"score": [
4,
3,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"You haven't been paying attention. When Gerald Ford died they closed the stock market on January 2, 2007. When Reagan died the markets were closed on June 11, 2004. Not a new thing... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
2twtqb | why don't internet companies use the current electricity line infrastructure? you cant use the internet without electricity, so why not? | Surely it would be cheaper to use the current electricity poles and lines for new fiber connections than it would be to continuously dig up sidewalks and roads? Why can't companies just use the current above ground lines?
Even if the line goes down, the power goes out and computers won't work anyway? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2twtqb/eli5_why_dont_internet_companies_use_the_current/ | {
"a_id": [
"co30zcf"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"Not really cheaper. A couple outfits have tried it. The problem is that wiring for electricity isn't terrific for carrying high-speed data, and the filters/splitters/termination gear is expensive. \n\nIt does have some uses in low-speed data, but... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3askvw | why is it that, no matter which hotel i stay at, the hotel soap always seems to be the same in smell and dryness? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3askvw/eli5_why_is_it_that_no_matter_which_hotel_i_stay/ | {
"a_id": [
"csfkzrt"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"You probably stay at hotels in a similar price range, and over time they have polished their offerings to be rather similar -- in many cases even buying from the same suppliers -- because they know what the average customer wants.\n\nIf you stay ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
4nloci | do 100% blind people see any particular color even though they are blind? if so, what do they see and why? | More so if they do see any color, how and why can/do they see that color. If they see nothing then how would you explain how that would "look" to a person who can see? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4nloci/eli5_do_100_blind_people_see_any_particular_color/ | {
"a_id": [
"d44x3jf",
"d44x55g",
"d44x88a",
"d44zw2s"
],
"score": [
5,
3,
42,
3
],
"text": [
"So many people incorrectly think that blind people see blackness in place of vision but that is still a sight based thing. They see the same thing you see behind your head right n... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] |
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