q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
value | subreddit stringclasses 3
values | url stringlengths 4 132 | answers dict | title_urls list | selftext_urls list | answers_urls list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
31ojp8 | what is causing that effect in the centre of the sky? picture in comments | _URL_0_ | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/31ojp8/eli5_what_is_causing_that_effect_in_the_centre_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"cq3h1bz"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"That's an [upper tangent arc](_URL_0_), one of a variety of effects produced by a bunch of ice crystals high in the air. They line up and form, essentially, one gigantic lens that bends the sun's light in interesting ways."
]
} | [] | [
"http://imgur.com/1pxkFpV"
] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_tangent_arc"
]
] | |
4mv68y | why does the back of a rollercoaster train feel like it's going faster than the front? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4mv68y/eli5_why_does_the_back_of_a_rollercoaster_train/ | {
"a_id": [
"d3ykch1"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"The back of the roller coaster *does* go faster over bumps and down drops.\n\nTake the initial drop for example. When the coaster first starts going over the drop, it's moving very slowly. But as more and more of the coaster clears the drop, the ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
42f30t | Why did the first humans originate in Africa? Is there any particular reason that they appeared there first, instead of Asia or Europe? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/42f30t/why_did_the_first_humans_originate_in_africa_is/ | {
"a_id": [
"cz9ur1t",
"czb6bz7"
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"score": [
2,
2
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"text": [
"This is really a question for r/anthropology, I think, as its prehistory.",
"Not really a question for /r/history - you'd have better luck asking in /r/evolution or maybe /r/anthropology. But here's a summary.\n\nEvoluti... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
15vtuh | Were there ever any instances of executions through an archer "firing squad." | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/15vtuh/were_there_ever_any_instances_of_executions/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7q9l06",
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"score": [
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"text": [
" > \"And the archers shot at him till he was as full of arrows as an urchin, leaving him there for dead.\"\n\nThere is some mention of this happening, [Saint Sebastian](_URL_0_) is one. Although it might never had happene... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Sebastian"
],
[]
] | ||
2m3y6z | Why isn't there cobalt in the Earth's core? | The main two components are nickel and iron, but between them there is cobalt. Shouldn't cobalt be just as prominent? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2m3y6z/why_isnt_there_cobalt_in_the_earths_core/ | {
"a_id": [
"cm0vixq",
"cm0wmv9"
],
"score": [
7,
39
],
"text": [
"In the Silicon - burning process in stars, previously - made elements are burned with helium to yield the heaviest elements made by a star in its main sequence. Chromium accepts a helium nucleus (+2 protons, +2 neutrons), t... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://atom.kaeri.re.kr/ton/nuc3.html",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mattauch_isobar_rule"
]
] | |
2fu69o | I know nothing about pre-Colombian civilizations. Can you point me towards some good bibliography on them? | Bonus points for e-book formats. I'm especially interested in the Mayans,
Inca and Toltecs but I'd like to know at least a little about all the different civilizations we're aware of. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2fu69o/i_know_nothing_about_precolombian_civilizations/ | {
"a_id": [
"ckcqxh1"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"hi! you can get started on this sub's *Book List* - [here](_URL_0_)"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/books/americas"
]
] | |
1tgx8l | how is flying in a "v" shape better for birds? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1tgx8l/eli5_how_is_flying_in_a_v_shape_better_for_birds/ | {
"a_id": [
"ce7t6s2",
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"score": [
5,
3
],
"text": [
"The aerodynamics of the wind currents from the front bird help the birds in the back have to do less work. They rotate in and out of that front position, too.\n\nHave you ever been kayaking or rowing? When you're in sync, it... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
64lf6w | How does the food, medicine, drink that we take go to specific parts of our system? | Examples like, when eating food. How does the food that we take distribute specific nutrients to specific parts of our system? When we take our vitamins, how do the vitamins get properly distributed to certain parts of the system like if the vitamins is specialised in nourishing bones, eyesight, hair growth, skin nouri... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/64lf6w/how_does_the_food_medicine_drink_that_we_take_go/ | {
"a_id": [
"dg32uy2"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"For the most part, they don't get *properly* distributed, they just get distributed. How or whether a cell in that tissue uses any particular molecule in the interstitial fluid is up to that cell. \n\nThat said, things aren't evenly distributed, ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
7wu4j9 | Would a modern day human be able to reproduce with a 200,000 year old Homo Sapien? Other hominids? If so would there be any complications? | Thanks in advance for the insight! | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/7wu4j9/would_a_modern_day_human_be_able_to_reproduce/ | {
"a_id": [
"du3v6m1"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"Almost certainly. [Genetic evidence indicates that the modern human and Neanderthal lineages diverged well upwards of 500,000 years ago.](_URL_0_) We also know that the two lineages were able to interbreed much more recently (all modern populat... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.nature.com/news/oldest-ancient-human-dna-details-dawn-of-neanderthals-1.19557"
]
] | |
18gely | Coworker asked me about the legitimacy this DNA study on Homo sapiens cognatus "bigfoot". Article says 3 "bigfoot" genmoes sequences in a 5-year study | The article piqued my interest but i have no familiarity with the website or the journals through which this article was published.
_URL_0_
i read over the article but have no strong background with bioinformatics and have been out of the sciences for a few years now.
Anyone have any background or followed this ty... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/18gely/coworker_asked_me_about_the_legitimacy_this_dna/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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3
],
"text": [
"I don't have a background with bioinformatics, but as an anthropologist I think Bigfoot can be comfortably dismissed as non-existent. As such, I'd suggest these findings (that the hair is not human or a... | [] | [
"http://www.sciencecodex.com/3_bigfoot_genomes_sequenced_in_5year_dna_study-106772"
] | [
[],
[
"denovajournal.com",
"Publishing.com"
],
[]
] | |
31la1t | do bones scar after a break? | I broke my clavicle a few years ago, does that mean there's a bunch of scars on the bone where it broke? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/31la1t/eli5_do_bones_scar_after_a_break/ | {
"a_id": [
"cq2mmql",
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"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"Not in the same way as skin does, but sometimes you can see a little kink or bump in an xray if it's a serious enough fracture.\n\n\nsource: have broken things, used google :) \n\nedit: phrasing (lana.........) ",
"I was... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
1rhhgp | Were there really Samurai in Mexico? | In 1493 by Charles Mann, he talks about Japanese samurai stranded in Mexico after the Japanese closed it's borders in the 1630s, and that some of them took up a trade guarding silver shipments. However, I can't find any other information on the subject.
Was this a real phenomenon? Is there any other information about ... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1rhhgp/were_there_really_samurai_in_mexico/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdnen8t"
],
"score": [
7
],
"text": [
"I'm going to refer you to another post of this exact same question:\n\n_URL_0_"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/118ims/in_1493_charles_mann_makes_a_brief_mention_of/"
]
] | |
3dbxvc | what is clickbait, jailbait | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3dbxvc/eli5_what_is_clickbait_jailbait/ | {
"a_id": [
"ct3owm0",
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"score": [
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2
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"text": [
"Jailbait is the term for an attractive but underage (under 18) girl, so anything you did with her would be legally obscure at best, but the laws vary from place to place. \n\nYou got clickbait correct."... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
2om174 | when asked for the gdp of a country, what gdp is generally wanted? | For example on [World FactBook for New Zealand](_URL_0_) there are multiple different GDP's listed, such as: GDP (purchasing power parity), GDP (official exchange rate) and
GDP - per capita (PPP). Which of these would usually be stated when asked for the GDP of a country? Also on the site above, it says that the Healt... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2om174/eli5_when_asked_for_the_gdp_of_a_country_what_gdp/ | {
"a_id": [
"cmoem0b"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"The first two are just about how to convert the NZD value to USD for international comparison. The per capita just divides the first one by population.\n\nFor the healthcare one it makes no difference, or rather, it uses the original NZD value."
... | [] | [
"https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/nz.html"
] | [
[]
] | |
2gxlwr | If all life in Earth originated from the same source, what is the common ancestor between animals and plants? | Title.
edit: Wow, I uh didn't really expect this. Thanks guys. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2gxlwr/if_all_life_in_earth_originated_from_the_same/ | {
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"score": [
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1488,
4,
20,
152,
23
],
"text": [
"There are 3 major groups/[domains](_URL_1_) of life on earth (ignoring viruses), bacteria, archea and [eukaryotes](_URL_2_).\n\n... | [] | [] | [
[
"bit.ly",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_Domain",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote"
],
[
"http://scienceblogs.com/pharyngula/2008/02/17/plant-and-animal-development-c/"
],
[
"http://www.thefreedictionary.com/euglena"
],
[
"http://www.amazon.com/The-Ancestors-Ta... | |
f2l0c6 | what are the black rope-like things sometimes put on roads across lanes? are they counters? how do they work? | Not sure if this is everywhere, but in the US occasionally these small ropes are affixed to the roads across the lanes.
I guess they're used for traffic counting or something but I don't know how they'd work. Like how does it know how many axles you have? or what happens if two cars drive over the rope at the same ti... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/f2l0c6/eli5_what_are_the_black_ropelike_things_sometimes/ | {
"a_id": [
"fhd8csg"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"Yep. Those types are usually hollow rubber hoses sealed off at one end and attached to a pressure sensor at the other end. When a car drives over the hose it increases the pressure in the hose slightly triggering the counter to go up 1. If two c... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
8q2riu | what is the purpose of this wall outlet? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8q2riu/eli5_what_is_the_purpose_of_this_wall_outlet/ | {
"a_id": [
"e0fzgzu",
"e0fzkqe",
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],
"score": [
6,
5,
3
],
"text": [
"Is it a connector for cable television service?\n\nCable television wall plates are typically a single \"F\" type RF connector on a plate by themself, or sometimes on the same plate with a phone jack.\n... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://pimages.solidsignal.com/pvcwp20ivyhf_medlrg.jpg"
],
[]
] | ||
381ca0 | I need help on identifying some of the items in an old photo | Hi guys, I'm doing research on this Filipino painter, Juan Luna, who lived for some time in Paris during the mid-to-late 19th century. We're planning on making a replica of his studio in Paris and I was wondering if anyone here in r/AskHistorians could help me in identifying the armor hung on the wall.
If you could al... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/381ca0/i_need_help_on_identifying_some_of_the_items_in/ | {
"a_id": [
"crrijhx"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"hi! while you might get help here, it would be worth x-posting this to /r/WhatIsThisThing: identifying items is their specialty "
]
} | [] | [
"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/Juan_Luna.jpg"
] | [
[]
] | |
55c096 | What are some good sources on ancient/middle age Eurasian nomad cultures? | Any of them would be fine really. Mongols, Turks, Magyars, Scythians(?) etc. | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/55c096/what_are_some_good_sources_on_ancientmiddle_age/ | {
"a_id": [
"d89hzu1",
"d89mic6",
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"score": [
3,
4,
2
],
"text": [
"I've just finished reading Peter Frankopan's \"The Silk Roads\" and it is a fantastic source on Central Asia! Excellent bibliography for pursuing topics in more depth as well.",
"\"The Silk Road: A... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://press.princeton.edu/titles/8882.html"
]
] | |
14vn77 | Is it possible for only one twin to have Downs Syndrome or would they both have it? | Just a random question that popped in to my head. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/14vn77/is_it_possible_for_only_one_twin_to_have_downs/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7h1fqv"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"Contrary to what has been said, it is not impossible for only one identical twin to suffer from Down's syndrome. It would be very unlikely, however.\n\nAround 95% of Down's syndrome comes from either the egg or the sperm carrying an extra copy of... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identical_twins#Genetic_and_epigenetic_similarity",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_origins_of_Down_syndrome#Mosaicism"
]
] | |
5guem3 | How was adultery viewed in late-15th/early-16th century Italy? | I was researching Lucrezia Borgia, and I found it interesting that according to most sources, she had at least one lover (Pietro Bembo) while married to her third (very powerful) husband, Alfonso d'Este.
So my question is, was there some kind of unspoken understanding that married women from patrician families occasi... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5guem3/how_was_adultery_viewed_in_late15thearly16th/ | {
"a_id": [
"dbxr3q7"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Something even more interesting for you, OP! After Lucrezia \"broke up\" with Pietro Bembo, she had a pretty steamy affair with Francesco Gonzaga -- the husband of Isabella d'Este. Who is Alfonso d'Este's *sister.* And thus Lucrezia's sister-in-l... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1b9xq8 | why stimulant and depressant drugs wont cancel each other out | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1b9xq8/eli5_why_stimulant_and_depressant_drugs_wont/ | {
"a_id": [
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3
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"text": [
"They can. But, there are lots of different kinds of stimulants and depressants, so sometimes the matchup isn't perfect, and you get some stimulant effects that aren't offset by depressants, and vice-versa.\n\nImagine you had... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
51ndwj | why are there so many competing small plug types | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/51ndwj/eli5_why_are_there_so_many_competing_small_plug/ | {
"a_id": [
"d7daymp"
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"score": [
2
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"text": [
"So 2 factor. \n\n1 improvement and obsoletion. USB - C is objectively better than USB - 3, 2 B and A. The problem is that everyone is on USB 2 architecture so everyplace uses the same USB 2 stuff and it's hard to move forward. You don't want to m... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
7xesku | why is it wasting water when we let it run while we brush our teeth? | It goes back to the system, so why and to what extent is it a waste? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7xesku/eli5_why_is_it_wasting_water_when_we_let_it_run/ | {
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7,
5,
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2
],
"text": [
"Water that goes down the drain has already been purified once, and will now have to be purified again before it can be discharged.\n\nThe water itself can be... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
ee16in | What happened in a lunatic asylum during the 19Th century when a patient became pregnant? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/ee16in/what_happened_in_a_lunatic_asylum_during_the_19th/ | {
"a_id": [
"fbnsumf"
],
"score": [
18
],
"text": [
"This is a really fascinating question that is best served by first understanding the way women were treated during that time period, and why they would be sent to an asylum in the first place. I'm also writing this from the American perspective ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://digital.library.upenn.edu/women/bly/madhouse/madhouse.html",
"https://www.historians.org/publications-and-directories/perspectives-on-history/february-2015/womens-prison-history",
"https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/3065/Warsh.HP.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y"
]
] | ||
6i9fy9 | what is it exactly that sunlight "quality" (brightness, intensity, clearness, etc) cannot be completely/very closely replicated by man-made lightbulbs? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6i9fy9/eli5_what_is_it_exactly_that_sunlight_quality/ | {
"a_id": [
"dj4hheo",
"dj4hudg"
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"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"It's mainly a problem with brightness. At the brightest, sunlight provides 1050 Watts per square meter of area. That's about the power of a regular microwave for just for a square meter! If you plug two microwaves into the s... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
6iqbze | Why don't wireless phone chargers mess up the rest of the phone's circuitry? | I understand Gauss's law and the inductive charging process but I don't get why that doesn't make the rest of the phone go berserk. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6iqbze/why_dont_wireless_phone_chargers_mess_up_the_rest/ | {
"a_id": [
"dj8lph9"
],
"score": [
11
],
"text": [
"There is a standard that regulates the amount of power that inductive chargers can transfer for purposes of charging a mobile device: [_URL_0_](_URL_0_)\n\nIn terms of circuitry there are also techniques such as reducing the area of the loop tha... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_\\(standard\\)"
]
] | |
4kk2lo | How common were wild lions in ancient Greece? | As a follow up question, was there any literature on greek lions apart from noting their existence? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/4kk2lo/how_common_were_wild_lions_in_ancient_greece/ | {
"a_id": [
"d3g0uow"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"I don't know much about the history of lions on the European continent. I know lions went extinct in Ancient Greece roughly around 100 BC. They had been becoming increasingly rare in the centuries prior to that. But it's not an area I have any ex... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1h50gb | [META] Do any users here have historical blogs or podcasts that they update regularly? | I'm curious if any users (particularly active flaired users) have historical blogs because I want to see some examples, as I'm looking to see if I could start one myself.
Mods, I think this meta allows for discussions, as the rules say (similarly to a book recommendation?), so that's why I posted. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1h50gb/meta_do_any_users_here_have_historical_blogs_or/ | {
"a_id": [
"caqwtn4",
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"score": [
2,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"If you check the [user profiles](_URL_0_) page, some people link to their blogs.",
"/u/skedaddle has a very nice blog, [link is in his profile](_URL_0_). ",
"The regularity with which my own blo... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/profiles"
],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/profiles/skedaddle"
],
[
"http://thewpb.wordpress.com/"
]
] | |
6n8wnr | What was the extent of the Soviets efforts to relocate its industry away from the onslaught on the eastern front and how much of a factor did this play in the outcome? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6n8wnr/what_was_the_extent_of_the_soviets_efforts_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"dk8c1fp"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"Not super knowledgeable in this but from a soviet history class we read a book by John Scott, Behind the Urals, whom went to the Soviet Union for work during the Great Depression. They were building a new industrial city called Magnitogorsk. So i... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
7rnp9j | I just read that, when they tested the atomic bomb, there was a belief it might light the atmosphere on fire. If they believed this, why did they still test it? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7rnp9j/i_just_read_that_when_they_tested_the_atomic_bomb/ | {
"a_id": [
"dsymux1"
],
"score": [
1648
],
"text": [
"There wasn't much of a belief that this could happen, because it had been considered and refuted by the scientists involved in the development of the first nuclear weapons. [In a 1991 interview with renowned physicist Hans Bethe](_URL_1_) abou... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2015/ph241/chung1/docs/buck.pdf",
"https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/cross-check/bethe-teller-trinity-and-the-end-of-earth/",
"https://books.google.com/books?id=UwsAAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA21&lpg=PA21&dq=ultimate+catastrophe+bethe&source=bl&ots=AxizdFopo... | ||
5r6g1w | I heard someone make the claim that in WW2 the allies were complicit in the Holocaust because "They could've bombed the death camps but chose not to." How much of this is grounded in reality and how much is plain revisionism? | This page has some info if you want context.
_URL_0_ | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5r6g1w/i_heard_someone_make_the_claim_that_in_ww2_the/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Until a historian can Write an answer more specific to your question you may be interested to read the excellent answers to a previous post [Why didn't the allies bomb the railway tracks leading to the Concentration/Extermination Camps in WWII?](... | [] | [
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auschwitz_bombing_debate"
] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1n403c/why_didnt_the_allies_bomb_the_railway_tracks/"
]
] | |
21883s | Why didn't they use Guillotines for amputations during the Civil War? | One of the common depictions of battle surgery from these times is of 4 men holding the patient down, while he drinks whiskey and the surgeon saws through his bone to amputate. ie *Difficult*
A guillotine could be made from 2 bits of wood, a rope and a blade. It would have been rapid, "clean" and portable. It's always... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/21883s/why_didnt_they_use_guillotines_for_amputations/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"First, anesthesia using ether and chloroform was introduced in the 1840s, and U.S. Army doctors began using anesthesia for field amputations during the Mexican-American War. There are no hard records on what percentage of... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.civilwarmedicalbooks.com/civil_war_amputation.html"
]
] | |
28d8c2 | How much did Albert Speer really have to do with the increase of munition production in wartime Germany? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/28d8c2/how_much_did_albert_speer_really_have_to_do_with/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Quite a bit. Before and during the early years of the war, the German armaments industry was very fragmented and uncoordinated. The military had a great deal of control over it, but they were not suited for it. As was so typical of Nazi Germany, ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1ruy6s | Was belief in extra-terrestrial life common in any society before the discovery of extra-solar planets? | Most people today seem to accept the existance of extra-terrestrial life as at least statistically plausable. Since humanity has known about the orbits of the planets for millenia, have any previous societies assumed that other stars could have similar planetary systems and life? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1ruy6s/was_belief_in_extraterrestrial_life_common_in_any/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdr8kgd"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"The earliest (of those later confirmed) exoplanet discoveries [was in 1988.](_URL_0_) Before that, it was all theorization (in the \"hypothetical\" sense)--but that didn't stop science-fiction writing and film from being broadly popular in variou... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discoveries_of_extrasolar_planets#1988.E2.80.931992"
]
] | |
i9yjm | Do those "sunrise" alarm clocks, which wake you up by imitating the light of the rising sun, really work? | I'm thinking about getting a Biobrite alarm clock. Is it worth the money? I'd like to feel more refreshed when I wake up. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/i9yjm/do_those_sunrise_alarm_clocks_which_wake_you_up/ | {
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"Anecdotal evidence: my girlfriend has sleeping problems and one of the... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"sleepti.me",
"http://sleepyti.me"
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[],
[],
[],
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22guqg | What were the proportions of different ethnicities, languages, and colors among the population of the Roman Empire? | I've wondered about this for a very long time, but I don't know quite how to specify the question. I wonder how many people in the Roman Republic or Roman Empire at different times in their existences were Latins, how many spoke Latin, how many considered themselves Roman, how many were citizens, how many were descende... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/22guqg/what_were_the_proportions_of_different/ | {
"a_id": [
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],
"score": [
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"text": [
"Historical demographics are extremely tricky when you're looking outside the modern era, since detailed records on language, religion, population, and the like weren't kept as thoroughly as they are in modern nation-states.\n\nI will point out th... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1ksosw | If I stood in front of an infinitely wide mirror that started accelerating sideways, what would happen to my reflection as the mirror approached the speed of light? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1ksosw/if_i_stood_in_front_of_an_infinitely_wide_mirror/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Nothing. From the POV of the mirror, light always travels at the speed of light, even though the mirror is moving sideways relative to you. It is still a mirror and will behave the same way.",
"Nothing. The path of light... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
2331p4 | Why didn't Romans take a ship to the far east? | This question is inspired by _URL_0_
In that topic people talk about how Romans would go to China over land and that it would take ages. My question is pretty simple, why would they not take a ship? As far as I know Egypt was under Roman rule, so why didn't they first sail to Egypt, then walk to the Red Sea (or Gulf o... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2331p4/why_didnt_romans_take_a_ship_to_the_far_east/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"They did at least reach southeast India as early as in the 1st century, as is proven by coins and pottery and some buildings (amphi-theatre). _URL_0_ Pepper was imported form south India since this ti... | [] | [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2306e8/just_read_the_faq_got_intrigued_by_contact/"
] | [
[
"http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4970452.stm",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_trade_with_India"
],
[],
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1vrdzm/ama_classical_archaeology/cevcbkf",
"http://www.gutenberg-e.org/yang/images/fullsize/map2.3.jpg",
"http://upload.wiki... | |
ah10th | how come rainforests are so lush if tropical soils are generally low in nutrients? | The Amazon rainforest is massive, but I've read that its soils are pretty poor. How does that work? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ah10th/eli5_how_come_rainforests_are_so_lush_if_tropical/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"The nutrients are constantly recycled and absorbed into the top forest and generally all the roots hold the poor soil together from what I know.",
"Pretty much any nutrients that that become available are immediately use... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
4gtor5 | how long can a phone charger be before it affects the amount of time it would normally take to fully charge your phone? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4gtor5/eli5_how_long_can_a_phone_charger_be_before_it/ | {
"a_id": [
"d2kl9kn"
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"text": [
"As long as the specification allows. In the case of USB 3, this is 3.0 meters or 9.8 feet. You can extend past that, but charging speed will decay as the line loses some power over distance."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
ch0i16 | is it possible that dinosaurs could exist on another planet like earth | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ch0i16/eli5_is_it_possible_that_dinosaurs_could_exist_on/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Technically possible but extremely unlikely that another planet would have nearly the same conditions and evolutionary path that would lead to dinosaurs existing. Actually, it's so unlikely that it is almost impossible."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
7b9mjf | how do the servers know a game is pirated, like if you had a pirated copy of c.o.d what happen s to stop you playing online? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7b9mjf/eli5_how_do_the_servers_know_a_game_is_pirated/ | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"Old games used to just want to connect so servers would let them play. \n\n\nNow a days with faster connection, the first message your game sends to the server is the exact version of the game and the serial number of the copy and a signature of... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1f82mt | blood type inheritance | I was reading about the [Jeffrey MacDonald murder case](_URL_0_). He, his wife, and two daughters all had different blood types. How is this possible?
I know blood typing used to be used for paternal testing and forensic analysis in the pre-DNA days. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1f82mt/eli5_blood_type_inheritance/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"###The long answer\nThere are four different blood types: A, B, AB, and O. These are called \"phenotypes\". It's the traits that are displayed, genetically. However, they are represented as \"genotypes\", the actual genetic makeup. For example, t... | [] | [
"http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeffrey_R._MacDonald"
] | [
[]
] | |
21an8n | why do the chinese who lost family in mh370 have strong distrust of the malaysian government? | They are going to the Chinese embassy in Malaysia to complain. It seems like more than shock and grief at work. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/21an8n/eli5_why_do_the_chinese_who_lost_family_in_mh370/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"It's also possible (though I have no direct evidence to support this statement) that the Chinese government is feeding it's people anti-Malaysia propaganda.",
"Because the gov of Malaysia is [racist](_URL_0_) against the... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racism_in_Malaysia"
]
] | |
1vbcir | When and why did 'Once upon a time...' become the go-to opening phrase for a story? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1vbcir/when_and_why_did_once_upon_a_time_become_the_goto/ | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"The use this sort of phrase is widespread in Europe - and elsewhere - for the way to begin a folktale, the traditional \"novel\" of the folk. [This wiki page](_URL_0_) is useful in the way it provides numerous common introductions for various cul... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Once_upon_a_time"
]
] | ||
5swbsb | why can't someone take a glass of coca cola in a lab and learn the secret recipe? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5swbsb/eli5_why_cant_someone_take_a_glass_of_coca_cola/ | {
"a_id": [
"ddibc0k"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"The ingredients and quantities are far less important to cooking times and ingredient order. The cooking process results in chemical reactions fundamentally altering the structure of the mixture (compound I forget my chemical terminology).\n\nTLD... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
29zp64 | why do mlm/pyramid schemes inspire such cult like behavior | So this guy I barely talked to in hs repeatedly msged me though I repearedly ignored him since I wasnt to fond of him. Until one day I asked him what he wanted and he began a pitch about wakeupnow how it would save me money help me manage money and make me money. I replied with that im a business student and im not fal... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/29zp64/eli5_why_do_mlmpyramid_schemes_inspire_such_cult/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"Once people have invested in the idea they don't want to admit the loss, so they deny it."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
368rbj | why will there be a 5-10 year appeal process before the boston bomber is executed? don't we already have complete evidence of his guilt? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/368rbj/eli5why_will_there_be_a_510_year_appeal_process/ | {
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"text": [
"In his appeals he (or his attorney) will likely challenge his sentence rather than his conviction. Presumably his goal will be to have his sentenced reduced t... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.pnas.org/content/111/20/7230"
]
] | ||
39pjfj | if things like nuts and seeds are not properly digested by our bodies, then how do we benefit from their nutrition? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/39pjfj/eli5_if_things_like_nuts_and_seeds_are_not/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Nuts and seeds are made of more than one material. While you might not be able to digest the fiber, you can digest the protein, fat, etc.",
"That's kind of a tautology. By definition, \"not properl... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
12orjx | What was, historically, the highest tax ever placed on the American people, how and why was it put in place, and what effects did it have on the economy? | The main reason I ask is because I'm watching an episode of the Twilight Zone--"Man in the Bottle"-- about a genie. One of the first wishes is for a million dollars, which they get. Then promptly a representative from the IRS shows up to collect taxes. The final amount owed by a couple with no dependents is ~$934,000, ... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/12orjx/what_was_historically_the_highest_tax_ever_placed/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"During the Truman and Eisenhower Administration the top income tax rate was absurdly high. This was to pay off the huge debt run up by World War II. Yet, the income tax was far more progres... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.stanford.edu/class/polisci120a/immigration/Federal%20Tax%20Brackets.pdf"
]
] | |
6rdi53 | what specifics are there when war is declared? is there a start date? is there a specific region that is designate as warzone, and are there boundaries? i know modern warfare is a little more complex than this. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6rdi53/eli5_what_specifics_are_there_when_war_is/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"It has always been quite nebulous and needs to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.\n\nAs a modern example, the Iran-Iraq War started with a downgrade of diplomatic relations and persecution/deportation of civilians of the ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
cae33f | Do we know of the first example of someone writing purposefully for future historians? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/cae33f/do_we_know_of_the_first_example_of_someone/ | {
"a_id": [
"et83sbf"
],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"Sorry, we don't allow [\"example seeking\" questions](_URL_0_). It's not that your question was bad; it's that these kinds of questions tend to produce threads that are collections of disjointed, partial, inadequate responses. If you have a quest... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/rules#wiki_no_.22example_seeking.22_questions",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3nub87/rules_change_throughout_history_rule_is_replaced/"
]
] | ||
25db17 | What were the defenses of the English Channel like during WWII? | After reading and commenting on the recent post about the possibility of a German invasion of Britain (here: _URL_0_) I am curious: how well defended was the Channel at any point in time? Commenters on the other thread mentioned that during a war game simulation of the invasion, the British required 24 hrs to fully ass... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/25db17/what_were_the_defenses_of_the_english_channel/ | {
"a_id": [
"chg6hyn"
],
"score": [
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"text": [
"My favorite Channel defense was the tiny [Romney Hythe & Dymchurch light railway coastal armored defense train](_URL_0_). The efficacy of a 15 inch gauge armored train is *highly* questionable. To me, though, it epitomizes the idea of 'Britis... | [] | [
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/25cri9/if_hitler_was_willing_to_sacrifice_a_ton_of/"
] | [
[
"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Romney%2C_Hythe_and_Dymchurch_armoured_train.jpg"
]
] | |
28z6sp | Would a person on the moon see the Earth in different phases, i.e. "full earth", "new earth", waxing and waning gibbous/crescent, etc.? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/28z6sp/would_a_person_on_the_moon_see_the_earth_in/ | {
"a_id": [
"cifvpet",
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"text": [
"Yes -- if the person could see the Earth.\n\nBecause one side of the Moon always faces the Earth and the other points away, only those on the Earth-facing side of the Moon could even see the Earth, with the Earth sitting at ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://suite.io/paul-a-heckert/3pne2dj",
"http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/questions/question58.html"
],
[]
] | ||
301yjx | With an adjustment to inflation and modern equivalence, what is the comparison of British Pounds Sterling to today's US dollar in worth? | With an adjustment of inflation, how much would a pence, or a shilling, or a pound be worth in the British money of two hundred years ago?
How much would 1 £ be?
How much would 10£ be?
How much would 100£ or 1000£ be?
How much would 30 000 £ be?
How much would a million dollars in today's $ be in Napoleonic Britain?
H... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/301yjx/with_an_adjustment_to_inflation_and_modern/ | {
"a_id": [
"cpofeyn"
],
"score": [
2
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"text": [
"Hello! Hope you don't think I'm stalking you (I have you as a friend on Reddit).\n\nAnyway, it all varies on the source you use for the rate of inflation, how it's calculated (there are different ways) etc.\n\nAlthough no longer updated, the Nati... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.thisismoney.co.uk/money/bills/article-1633409/Historic-inflation-calculator-value-money-changed-1900.html",
"http://www.measuringworth.com/ppoweruk/",
"http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/currency/"
]
] | |
qy505 | Latvia and the Soviet Union/Russian Revolution | Recently I did a long project for my IB programme on Latvian history - more precisely the Latvian occupation by USSR during WWII. During my research I came up on an interesting notion that some historians held which was that Latvians greatly helped the Soviets raise to power. I am talking about the Russian Civil War th... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/qy505/latvia_and_the_soviet_unionrussian_revolution/ | {
"a_id": [
"c41kpj4",
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"score": [
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2
],
"text": [
"in Orlando Figes' *A People's Tragedy* (a very good history of the revolution), the Latvian Rifle Brigades are referred to as 'the staunchest defenders' of the Bolsheviks in the Civil War, alongside the Kronstadt sailors and... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://latvianhistory.wordpress.com/2011/08/11/latvian-war-for-freedom-1918-1920/"
]
] | |
3s03wo | how did england politically justify keeping a chunk of ireland (northern ireland) after the war of independence, and why don't they come under more pressure from the international community to hand it back? | As a Catholic and an Irish American, I'm often told my by grandparents and other community elders about how the English "stole" Northern Ireland, but at the same time no one has ever explained to me how they got away with it. If they really did just refuse to hand it back with the rest of the island, why don't they hav... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3s03wo/eli5_how_did_england_politically_justify_keeping/ | {
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2,
11,
2,
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"text": [
"If it was up to England, Northern Ireland would probably have been handed back in the 70s or something. Generally speaking, most peop... | [] | [] | [
[],
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[],
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[],
[]
] | |
29otw6 | Nineteenth Century Folks: What am I looking at? _URL_0_ | I took this picture from a mid 19th c. friendship album. It appears to be a puzzle one friend made for another. Is there a name for this kind of puzzle? Anyone have any ideas what it says/means? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/29otw6/nineteenth_century_folks_what_am_i_looking_at/ | {
"a_id": [
"cin190o"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"[Working link to OP's image](_URL_0_)"
]
} | [
"http://imgur.com/00HHtoz"
] | [] | [
[
"http://imgur.com/00HHtoz"
]
] | |
5juixx | Since beta particles are electrons, can they be directly converted to electrical energy? | Please correct me if I'm wrong, but if you had a beta emitter and a piece of lead next to each other, the emitter would emit negatively-charged beta particles and become positively charged, while the lead would absorb the beta particles and become negatively charged. If this occurs, is it practical as a power source? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/5juixx/since_beta_particles_are_electrons_can_they_be/ | {
"a_id": [
"dbj5qtk"
],
"score": [
30
],
"text": [
"Yes, this is done through a [betavoltaic cell](_URL_0_). These used to be use to power pacemakers. Nuclear decay is also used to power space probes, except it's through excess heat rather than direct betaelectricity."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betavoltaic_device"
]
] | |
ud6l2 | Why do we find relatively pure elements such as gold in concentrations in the earth? Shouldn't the atoms be more or less randomly distributed as the earth formed? | Nothing to add really...was just wondering why gold seams would form given that the gold atoms were formed by stars at some point and the "dust" formed larger masses of matter over time... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ud6l2/why_do_we_find_relatively_pure_elements_such_as/ | {
"a_id": [
"c4ufv35"
],
"score": [
11
],
"text": [
"The earth has a very large number of concentration processes active on it. In order to concentrate a mineral or element you need some kind of sorting process - whether through density, chemical reactivity, or other physical parameter.\n\nYou ca... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1west6 | why do fruits and vegetables always feel cold, even when they should be room temperature? | If I leave an apple, carrot, cucumber, etc. on the counter, when I pick it up it feels cold to the touch. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1west6/why_do_fruits_and_vegetables_always_feel_cold/ | {
"a_id": [
"cf1b1w5"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"How cold things feel to the touch is a reflection of their ability to conduct heat. Items which are better heat conductors will feel colder, whereas items that don't conduct heat well, will feel less cold.\n\nPut a glass cup, a plastic cup, and ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1pjg1z | Could you recommend a text which describes military uniforms during the British Raj? | I'm interested in how the uniforms of Anglo-Indian soldiers / officers compared and contrasted to those of the sepoys.
I know that there are *many* books which mention colonial British military uniforms, but I'm looking for something more in-depth than just a passing reference. Thanks! | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1pjg1z/could_you_recommend_a_text_which_describes/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"I would hit up the imperial war memorial website and maybe even send an email. They've been pretty helpful with my inquiries. ",
"Definitely:\n\n*For the Indian Armies-*\n\nW.Y. Carman's *Indian Army Uniforms* vols. 1 an... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
96vkpt | I am researching a photo taken of my great grandfather from World War 1. From what my family has told me the picture includes my great grandfather Jakub Postl and Adolf Hitler. Is this a family myth? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/96vkpt/i_am_researching_a_photo_taken_of_my_great/ | {
"a_id": [
"e43s26a"
],
"score": [
10
],
"text": [
"Could you clear some things up for me? Czechoslovakia didn't exist as a country until 1918, and your great grandfather was born in what was then the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Furthermore, it is unlikely that your great grandfather is in that pict... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
xirbp | How does the collision of quarks create elementary other particles? | The LHC collides nuclei together at very close to the speed of light, but how does the collision of quarks(along with the gluon field) generate exotic particles such as the Higgs, various leptons(Tau, Muon, neutrinos), heavier quarks(Charm, Strange, Top, etc) and all the other particles the collisions produce.
I know... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/xirbp/how_does_the_collision_of_quarks_create/ | {
"a_id": [
"c5mq6sg"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"The process at root is this: energy is conserved, but the form that energy can take can vary. Energy comes in three generic forms: kinetic energy (energy of motion), potential energy (energy of position), and rest energy (energy of existence, al... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5wnx0q | when a bug gets stuck in your car and travels a few miles with you before it gets back outside, does it ever find its previous home/nest/colony again? does it care? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5wnx0q/eli5_when_a_bug_gets_stuck_in_your_car_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"debis0z",
"debk3fx",
"debl2bf",
"debogw0"
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"score": [
965,
77,
8,
7
],
"text": [
"That depends on the bug. Some bees have been shown to be able to re-locate their hive after being separated by a reasonable distance. Over time they learn the area while forag... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
b9b6ey | why is caucasian the only racial category for white people? is it for the sake of simplicity, or because the caucasian hominids are the ancestors of europeans? why not have italic/slavic/germanic etc. instead? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/b9b6ey/eli5_why_is_caucasian_the_only_racial_category/ | {
"a_id": [
"ek3c8iy",
"ek3csec",
"ek3d5dq",
"ek3d5j0"
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"score": [
7,
11,
35,
4
],
"text": [
"Increasingly fine distinctions don't add anything and would probably lead to more confusion as to which group people fitted into.\n\nIf you had all those sub-categories, you woul... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
52k1l0 | I'm a totally new to World History, what should I watch? | I am a mere mortal who has just developed some interest for World History. How most of the nations got where they are now. How they got their names etc. I know it is a huge subject but can you suggest me some good documentaries, movies, or TV shows I should watch? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/52k1l0/im_a_totally_new_to_world_history_what_should_i/ | {
"a_id": [
"d7mag6w"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Try Crash Course: World History's playlist on YouTube. Very interesting and entertaining. Its not very in depth but it covers up most of the timeline."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3c9sr8 | Do writing, typing, speaking, and sign language use the same parts of the brain? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3c9sr8/do_writing_typing_speaking_and_sign_language_use/ | {
"a_id": [
"cstp0vg"
],
"score": [
35
],
"text": [
"Absolutely. Comprehension of language is controlled by [Wernicke's area](_URL_0_), including reading, spoken language and I presume sign.\n\nLanguage expression by [broca's area](_URL_1_). In the same way.\n\nThis is exploited medically to find ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wernicke's_area",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broca's_area"
]
] | ||
3aw3iy | When I shine a light into stained/colored glass, the glass' shadow is the same as the glass' color. Why is that? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3aw3iy/when_i_shine_a_light_into_stainedcolored_glass/ | {
"a_id": [
"csgvrn3"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Shadows mostly aren't an absence of light, they are just less light than their surroundings. Coloured glass absorbs other coloured wavelengths. So green glass, for example, absorbs the other colours and only reflects green light back to you, so i... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
exnr4n | How did the deer, moose, elk, caribou and reindeer of the family Cervidae, develop cranial appendages(antler) throughout history? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/exnr4n/how_did_the_deer_moose_elk_caribou_and_reindeer/ | {
"a_id": [
"fgg0maw"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"This is actually a pretty big mystery, and we don't know all the details. Deer ancestors seem to have had more standard horns that weren't shed (a bit more like the bony horns of a pronghorn), but transitioned to shedding and regrowing them in t... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
4jcj5e | why wont older printers connect with newer operating systems? | Why isn't it backwards compatible or whatever? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4jcj5e/eli5_why_wont_older_printers_connect_with_newer/ | {
"a_id": [
"d35h8un",
"d35hjgn"
],
"score": [
8,
3
],
"text": [
"It's all about the drivers. If no one writes a driver for the new OS you are out of luck. You can try generic drivers but you will lose some functionality. ",
"What is missing is a \"driver\", which is the piece of ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
65ordp | Why was the Christian Church so dogmatically pro Aristotlean philosophy when Aristotle was a pagan? | How did the ideas of Aristotle come to occupy such an important place within Christian theology and philosophy? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/65ordp/why_was_the_christian_church_so_dogmatically_pro/ | {
"a_id": [
"dgcb031",
"dgck1of",
"dgcns61"
],
"score": [
10,
64,
19
],
"text": [
"This is a great question! Consider crossposting to /r/askphilosophy",
"If you are interested in this topic, you might want to read Hannam's „God’s Philosophers“ as it answers this question more t... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
frh41d | how are ip addresses identifiable by location? | How is it that services are able to know the exact real-world location of a public IP address? Is there some prefix or suffix that gets linked to that location, ISP, or organization? Do these services just perform a WHOIS lookup? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/frh41d/eli5_how_are_ip_addresses_identifiable_by_location/ | {
"a_id": [
"flvrnpv",
"flvx2jg",
"flw7btc"
],
"score": [
5,
2,
3
],
"text": [
"Blocks of IP addresses are assigned to organizations on request by a handful of non-profit organizations responsible for maintaining the IP space. These are the Regional Internet Registries.\n\nIn North... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
6hqfhv | does pickle juice have the same effect as grapefruit juice for intensifying medications? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6hqfhv/eli5_does_pickle_juice_have_the_same_effect_as/ | {
"a_id": [
"dj0bmq9"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"No. The acidity is not the issue with grapefruits. The problem is that there enzymes in Grapefruit that mess with the medications in various ways. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
4xau0b | why does fruit taste sweeter when it decomposes? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4xau0b/eli5_why_does_fruit_taste_sweeter_when_it/ | {
"a_id": [
"d6dweqw"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"The complex sugars are broken down by bacteria, turning them in to simple sugars which are much sweeter"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
836z3x | how would aliens figure out how to decipher the voyager 1 golden disk? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/836z3x/eli5_how_would_aliens_figure_out_how_to_decipher/ | {
"a_id": [
"dvfjotd",
"dvfoac5"
],
"score": [
3,
2
],
"text": [
"The instructions are written using chemical and physical knowledge any advance civilization should have. It's also written in the most basic numeric system that exists, which is binary. So any alien race which is capable of ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyager_Golden_Record#Playback"
],
[]
] | ||
a8ggx3 | why do brightly lit objects stay in our vision for a few minutes after we look at them, especially when blinking? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/a8ggx3/eli5_why_do_brightly_lit_objects_stay_in_our/ | {
"a_id": [
"ecag5zx"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Your vision works by damaging easily repaired parts of your eye. Brighter objects damage it more. You see outlines until they’re repaired."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
30qb9i | Historians, Who exactly were the Ustase and Chetniks and what did they do? (I'll expand on this in text.) | Being of Croatian descent, I am interested in this topic, more so, Ustase. I've learned some about them from my parents, but since they grew up In Yugoslavia, such things were not really teached in school. I gained more interest after coming across discussions on reddit when the topic was about the Yugoslav wars. Many ... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/30qb9i/historians_who_exactly_were_the_ustase_and/ | {
"a_id": [
"cpvbnhk",
"cpvej6p"
],
"score": [
4,
3
],
"text": [
"Sorry to be so brief with these answers (and to ignore some outright), there's A LOT of questions to tackle and I'd end up dumping a huge essay in here otherwise. I'm sticking to the Ustasha if that's okay, as I've written a... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
mn7md | how a bunch of lines of code can become a complex image like a video game | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/mn7md/eli5_how_a_bunch_of_lines_of_code_can_become_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"c329un8",
"c32a4eh",
"c32ag9e",
"c329un8",
"c32a4eh",
"c32ag9e"
],
"score": [
9,
2,
59,
9,
2,
59
],
"text": [
"If you are talking about something like CoD, or Halo, then you have to separate work into what programmers do and what artist do. \n\n... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://courseweb.unt.edu/gjones/images/wp0304afig2.gif"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://courseweb.unt.edu/gjones/images/wp0304afig2.gif"
]
] | ||
26gxge | light into matter? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/26gxge/eli5_light_into_matter/ | {
"a_id": [
"chqydhs",
"chqypx6"
],
"score": [
4,
3
],
"text": [
"I have no clue what that is referring to, but we have known about light making matter for quite some time. The process is known as pair production, in which two photons (light) with sufficient energy can form a electron-posi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
70089b | What liquid is the wettest? | I'm sure wettest is the wrong word. I'm trying to ask what liquid would soak through the most layers of say paper towels or whatever. Like per tablespoon which liquid soaks the most. | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/70089b/what_liquid_is_the_wettest/ | {
"a_id": [
"dmzukl0",
"dn005zt"
],
"score": [
8,
5
],
"text": [
"\"Wettest\" or \"wetting\" are perfectly fine words to use. Predicting the wettest liquid for a given material requires consideration of the liquid's and material's surface energies as well as the interfacial tension between... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jurin%27s_law"
],
[
"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/superfluid-can-climb-walls/"
]
] | |
50mxqm | if our bodies are naturally 36c, why does 36c weather feel very uncomfortable? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/50mxqm/eli5_if_our_bodies_are_naturally_36c_why_does_36c/ | {
"a_id": [
"d75aoai",
"d75aoov",
"d75ap9j",
"d75aq64",
"d75f5n0",
"d75f7bs",
"d75ibim",
"d75iqxk",
"d75j9dl",
"d75lfdx",
"d75uj28",
"d75youa",
"d763ouk",
"d763pdx",
"d7658un",
"d765hx7",
"d766a8f",
"d7687ie",
"d76885v",
"d769ftv"
],
... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
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[]
] | ||
6zw54v | What determined borders in Roman times? | This is something Im always confused about. We accept that [this](_URL_0_) was the Roman Empire, but what determined this in their time? Did they just lay claim and say, "Everything up to this river is ours?" Did the people even know they were "roman"?
Or was it a more practical reason? Like they had military forces ... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/6zw54v/what_determined_borders_in_roman_times/ | {
"a_id": [
"dmyjbyi"
],
"score": [
6
],
"text": [
"The Romans didn't have an actual concept of a \"limit\" to their empire - in their own view the empire was endless, there simply were areas that weren't Romanized.\n\nThe Romans denoted their borders or \"limes\" usually by a ditch, or a system o... | [] | [
"http://images.huffingtonpost.com/2015-10-09-1444414293-4246321-romanempire.jpg"
] | [
[]
] | |
1m4suv | If you were to mount a flashlight on a sled moving at close to the speed of light, why wouldn't the light from the flashlight move at a greater speed? | Maybe this is a stupid question but here it goes.
Let's pretend you're on a special sled riding on a perfectly flat surface of infinite length at .95% light speed. On the front of said sled is a light (or laser) aiming forward. At what speed would the light be moving? In other words, does it hit a cap where the com... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1m4suv/if_you_were_to_mount_a_flashlight_on_a_sled/ | {
"a_id": [
"cc5tjl7",
"cc5ub2o",
"cc5uelh"
],
"score": [
3,
10,
7
],
"text": [
"I think the thing that MCMXCII is missing in his explanation is that *there is an effect on light if you are already travelling fast*. But to understand it easily, we have to switch the set up a bit.\n... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
5tqxff | why do some flames (like a candle) put off a lot of light, while others (like a butane torch) put off almost none? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5tqxff/eli5_why_do_some_flames_like_a_candle_put_off_a/ | {
"a_id": [
"ddof24d",
"ddof86q"
],
"score": [
2,
2
],
"text": [
"The temperature of the flame determines it's color. A candle has a lot of flame in the yellow and orange range. A butane torch produces blue flame. \n\nBlue light doesn't brighten a space as well as yellow light does. At... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
2vlzu4 | What was the extend of metallurgy in pre-Colombian Society in the Americas? | This is a topic that I have always been interested in, but I have had little success in finding satisfactory answers. I do know for sure that gold was found and used to a limited extend in South America, but other than that, I cannot find anything that relates to the understanding or development of metallurgy in pre-Co... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2vlzu4/what_was_the_extend_of_metallurgy_in_precolombian/ | {
"a_id": [
"coivkj7"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"We have a whole [section](_URL_0_) of Pre-Columbian metallurgy questions in our FAQ section."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/nativeamerican#wiki_metalworking_in_pre-columbian_america"
]
] | |
2zj47o | In heterosexuals, physical attractiveness is (frequently) related with mating and offspring. In homosexuals, does physical attractiveness relate with some "rule"? | Before anything, i didn't want to make this question sound offensive. Also sexuality is a huge world and it would be a mistake to put absolutes.
Here, for example, (some) straight women might prefer broad shoulders because tends to have more testosterone/dominance between peers, straight men might want bigger breast... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2zj47o/in_heterosexuals_physical_attractiveness_is/ | {
"a_id": [
"cpkfa24"
],
"score": [
5
],
"text": [
"I'm no expert in this area but there seem to be a few studies that look at this kind of thing.\n\n[This one](_URL_0_) looks at facial preference and found that both homosexual men and women prefer more masculine faces in men and women, respective... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10508-009-9559-6",
"http://www.thefreelibrary.com/The+muscular+male%3A+a+comparison+of+the+physical+attractiveness...-a0178535128"
]
] | |
20k3ku | What are the best books on eastern Asian anthropolgy or history in general. | All I can seem to find are World War 2 accounts and I'm interested in the Nara period into the Heian period. And maybe some other books about the feudal era. Geographically my university doesn't have any professors that are familiar with this and I want to get a jump on learning this material before starting to study i... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/20k3ku/what_are_the_best_books_on_eastern_asian/ | {
"a_id": [
"cg4315i"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"If you are mostly interested in ancient Japan, I would recommend picking up translated editions of *Nihon Shoki* and *Kojiki*. These are primary sources; chronicles of ancient Japan and how the Japanese people and polity came into being. BH Chamb... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3e5ira | When did we start to enjoy food based on taste and not on necessity? | I wasn't sure whether to ask here or in /r/AskHistorians, but this seemed like the more logical place with evolution and all that. If this isn't an appropriate question, I apologize and will remove it. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3e5ira/when_did_we_start_to_enjoy_food_based_on_taste/ | {
"a_id": [
"ctbyex1"
],
"score": [
10
],
"text": [
"Taste is based on necessity. We evolved to enjoy and even crave meat, fatty and sugary foods because they are a good source of energy - the sort of meal that would greatly benefit a hunter-gatherer.\n\nOf course, now we've pretty much mastered o... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
2kuj12 | Why are Xenon and Krypton electronegative despite being noble gases? | Title. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2kuj12/why_are_xenon_and_krypton_electronegative_despite/ | {
"a_id": [
"clp62yx"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Even though Krypton and Xenon are noble gases, they can form bonds with non-xenon and non-krypton atoms. The main reason they can do this (where the smaller noble gases like he, ne, and ar don't) this is because of the atoms relatively large siz... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronegativity#Pauling_electronegativity"
]
] | |
2u6q6h | How different were American and Soviet military doctrines? | Also how similar was Soviet tank doctor ones similar to Blitzkrieg?
EDIT: During the cold war! | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/2u6q6h/how_different_were_american_and_soviet_military/ | {
"a_id": [
"co5tdzi"
],
"score": [
4
],
"text": [
"Soviet tank doctrine was completely different to the Blitzkrieg; which the Soviets believed was a failed system that channeled vulnerable armor too narrowly. Their experience and opinions in this regard were undoubtedly formed by their experience... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1m6isu | Are there any cellular processes not affected by changes in pH? | In class we talked about how pH alters everything in cells because proteins make things happen and pH disrupts protein shape.
But surely something in cells can happen regardless of pH? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1m6isu/are_there_any_cellular_processes_not_affected_by/ | {
"a_id": [
"cc68do9"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"No not really. At a super high or super low pH the cell will just die, so pH is always important at some level. Some processes may be less sensitive to pH changes, and can occur at a wider range of pH than others, but at a basic level everything ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3mmn3c | how do we unconsciously put parts of speech in the right order to form sentences? | Seems like such a complex process compared to something like unconsciously learning how to type. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3mmn3c/eli5_how_do_we_unconsciously_put_parts_of_speech/ | {
"a_id": [
"cvga2l8"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"Practice. Followed by more practice. That is followed by even more practice. Did I mention practice? The whole thing is based on practice. You took years to learn how to speak. Notice how little kids screw it all up all the time? Eventually... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
80hybe | What did the richest medieval lords eat each night? | How big was the feast each night? Where was the food procured from? What foods would be a part of the dinner? What dining etiquette was there? How many chefs/servants? Was there entertainment? Would the magnitude of the feast differ from day to day or week to week? I’m assuming holidays and other special days would be ... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/80hybe/what_did_the_richest_medieval_lords_eat_each_night/ | {
"a_id": [
"duvv2mt",
"duw4blx",
"duw7b4f"
],
"score": [
360,
39,
977
],
"text": [
"I believe /r/askfoodhistorians exists but I’d also like to know exactly how the food was seasoned and how we might expect it to different in taste to today’s food ",
"Hi everyone! There is a gr... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3s9wi2/tuesday_trivia_eat_like_a_peasant_eat_like_a_king/cwvvbtb/"
],
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/7v5up0/its_feudal_times_and_the_heir_to_the_kingdom_of/dtqc2t1/"
]
] | |
ooqyz | what's the whole deal with the satanic verses and what in it caused a fatwa on salman rushdie's life? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ooqyz/eli5_whats_the_whole_deal_with_the_satanic_verses/ | {
"a_id": [
"c3iubmc",
"c3iud6q",
"c3iuyvh"
],
"score": [
2,
2,
37
],
"text": [
"I'd like very much to hear someone explain this, I'm currently reading it, and, being about half-way, found nothing particularly offensive about it. ",
"Bear in mind that there's not necessarily so... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
8vdpuk | what would be some of the long term effects if a giant canal was built from the mediterranean to bringing water in the the heart of the sahara desert? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/8vdpuk/eli5_what_would_be_some_of_the_long_term_effects/ | {
"a_id": [
"e1mmg0y"
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"score": [
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],
"text": [
"**Please read this entire message**\n\n---\n\nYour submission has been removed for the following reason(s):\n\nELI5 is not for:\n\nHypotheticals \n\n\n\n---\nIf you would like this removal reviewed, please read the [detailed rules](_URL_1_) first... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.reddit.com/message/compose?to=%2Fr%2Fexplainlikeimfive&subject=Can%20you%20review%20my%20thread",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/wiki/detailed_rules"
]
] | ||
14q8j8 | Could the British have won the American Revolution? Or was the war only the American's to lose? | I had a history professor a few years back state that England couldn't have won the war straightforward, but the American's could have lost the revolution inadvertently causing the British to win. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/14q8j8/could_the_british_have_won_the_american/ | {
"a_id": [
"c7ff33b",
"c7fhay1"
],
"score": [
2,
12
],
"text": [
"David McCullough wrote an essay for [What If](_URL_1_) addressing this. He stated that all the British had to do was capture Washington in order to defeat the rebels. He thinks they they came closest during the [Battle of L... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Long_Island",
"http://books.google.com/books/about/What_If.html?id=XJ3Y7xednQAC"
],
[]
] | |
hm3k2 | What is the evolutionary reason for grey hair? | Primates dont get grey hair as they age, so why do humans.
Edit: OK primates and other animals seem to grey. But still why. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/hm3k2/what_is_the_evolutionary_reason_for_grey_hair/ | {
"a_id": [
"c1wgzfu",
"c1wh2um",
"c1wh4ai",
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"c1whbqb",
"c1whwmx",
"c1wj2f2"
],
"score": [
6,
35,
21,
6,
7,
2,
2
],
"text": [
"The loss of melanin causes grey hair. The darker your hair (skin as well) is the more melanin you have. I'm assu... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://image.shutterstock.com/display_pic_with_logo/215716/215716,1235932048,1/stock-photo-old-chimpanzee-sitting-on-the-earth-with-a-philosophical-sight-25843597.jpg",
"http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_630ICqTGoRY/SxRJ5IHibzI/AAAAAAAAByo/uspH9Qz3VuM/s1600/grumpy+gorilla.jpg"
],
[],
... | |
1zt80m | baseball contracts. what is this gray area of "might stay or be traded"? | I'm not a huge fan of baseball, but there are a couple players I follow. One of my favorites, David Price, had his contract run out this past year. I thought that meant he'd be a free agent, and given Tampa's historically low salary pool I thought he'd be going somewhere else. Prepared to buy a new team's merchandise..... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1zt80m/eli5_baseball_contracts_what_is_this_gray_area_of/ | {
"a_id": [
"cfwpzi0"
],
"score": [
2
],
"text": [
"[David Price agreed to a 1-year, $14 million contract in January.](_URL_0_)\n\nThis means he will not be a free agent until this contract expires. When/if that happens, he has the ability to sign with any team he chooses. In the meantime, while... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/mlb/2014/01/16/david-price-rays-agree-to-14-million-1-year-contract/4516151/"
]
] |
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