q_id stringlengths 5 6 | title stringlengths 3 301 | selftext stringlengths 0 39.2k | document stringclasses 1
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9sjzh0 | what's the difference between delirium and psychosis? | From what I could find they look very similar. What are the differences? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/9sjzh0/eli5_whats_the_difference_between_delirium_and/ | {
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"In the most basic sense, delirium is caused an underlying medical/physical illness or problem. \nWhen the underlying problem is treated, delirium is resolved. \n\nPsychosis is a symptom of a mental illness like during a manic episode or more com... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
101tdh | how do 47% of people in the us not pay federal income tax? | Is 47% of the population below the poverty line? Does that number include children and other ineligible-for-work demographics? I'm so confused.
Thanks for keeping your responses civil : ) | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/101tdh/how_do_47_of_people_in_the_us_not_pay_federal/ | {
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"The majority of households in the US make under $45k a year. The government offers pretty significant tax deductions to families, and it just doesn't take that many deductions to... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
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"http://fishingboatproceeds.tumblr.com/post/31770870662/who-doesnt-pay-taxes-and-why"
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1z4ye5 | What was the role of Druids in Pagan Irish religion? | I've been looking into it for a research assignment and a lot of the stuff's pretty sketchy. I just was interested in some information about it. | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1z4ye5/what_was_the_role_of_druids_in_pagan_irish/ | {
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"Our information about the druids are pretty scarce because the druids themselves didn't keep any records. What knowledge we have are from the Romans, who usually portray them as some sort of priests (divine powers, contact with the Gods, etc.). T... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
3dsxjb | the miller-urey experiment | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3dsxjb/eli5_the_millerurey_experiment/ | {
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"Scientists were trying to determine if the chemicals needed for life (amino acids) could be produced from the chemicals that they believed existed when the Earth was young.\n\nSo, they took those chemicals and put them in a closed loop along wit... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
3ei4ct | can you think of ancient (more than 500 years ago) monarchs who may have had Autism? If "yes" who were they and what were they like as a ruler? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3ei4ct/can_you_think_of_ancient_more_than_500_years_ago/ | {
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"Karl XII of Sweden, though not ancient, could be considered autistic. He was celibate and disliked alcohol, and many of his peers noted his lack of emotion and his extreme tolerance to pain. \n\nAs a ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
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] | ||
6kfyya | do breathalyzers measure bac accurately for people with lung issues such as asthma, copd, or just being generally out of shape? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6kfyya/eli5_do_breathalyzers_measure_bac_accurately_for/ | {
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"Breathalyzers are \"good estimates\", not highly accurate. They don't measure total breath flow, either. They just determine the percentage of alcohol in the C02 of your breath, and conditions like asthma, COPD, or others don't really have any af... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
13hd3v | Nazism: Left, Center, Right? Or something different entirely? | My major in college is History (mostly European) and Political Science. Over the past 4 years many of the courses I have taken at one point or another have touched or focused on Fascism and Nazism (one of the courses I took was entirely on the topic of Nazism by Political Philosopher Stephen Bronner). One thing that ha... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/13hd3v/nazism_left_center_right_or_something_different/ | {
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"text": [
"The [Left/Right](_URL_0_) model is a broken paradigm that isn't particularly useful for classifying political parties. I know everyone (including myself) use... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left%E2%80%93right_politics"
],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
2sb2ca | Is water cycle present in Antarctica? | I was wondering, as Antarctica does not often experience temperatures above zero degrees Celsius, if snow just accumulates or if there is a water cycle present on the continent | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2sb2ca/is_water_cycle_present_in_antarctica/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Sure there is a water cycle, it's just a bit different than the other continents. Snowfall is driven by winds carrying moisture in from the oceans. Water molecules can return from the ice to the atmosphere via sublimation, which is like evapora... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1ajnkn | I do not understand why different zygotes from the same parents are different and not clones. | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1ajnkn/i_do_not_understand_why_different_zygotes_from/ | {
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"text": [
"Each parent contributed only one of each of their chromosome pair to the zygote. For each chromosome, one of the two is picked at random. In humans that means that you have 2^23 (or about 8 million) possible sets of chromo... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosomal_crossover"
],
[]
] | ||
2i3i86 | so, given that people use quantum physics normally and also talk about how it involves observation or whatever, how has this fact been proven? | Or perhaps that wording is incorrect.
I recently got a quick little explanation about quantum physics from vsauce, and they talked about how things are actually random in Quantum Physics, and measured in probabilities. That the thing is actually decided upon observation (Sleepy, can't remember exactly what was said). I... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2i3i86/eli5_so_given_that_people_use_quantum_physics/ | {
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"text": [
"Look up 'the double slit experiment'. It explains how light behaves as a wave and a particle .\n\nBasically if fire photons one at a time through slits onto a background, where the photons land should eventually form two sli... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.sixtysymbols.com/videos/touchscreens.htm"
]
] | |
9uz958 | (Biology) why do people get red in the face when lifting/moving heavy objects? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/9uz958/biology_why_do_people_get_red_in_the_face_when/ | {
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"text": [
"Basically, if you're lifting something heavy your muscles will need to be supplied with more oxygen and waste products like lactic acid (from anaerobic respiration) will need to be taken away from the site through your blood.\n\nThis increased bl... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
53u00u | what makes ram volatile and hdd's and other memory devices like that non volatile? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/53u00u/eli5what_makes_ram_volatile_and_hdds_and_other/ | {
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"text": [
"Fundamentally, it's about the way the memory is constructed. Volatile memory requires a constant source of power to maintain its storage, whereas non-volatile memory doesn't.\n\nDRAM (which is the RAM you're thinking of) is made of capacitors th... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1o5b0m | why someone with half a brain can live? will he lose something from the surgery? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1o5b0m/eli5why_someone_with_half_a_brain_can_live_will/ | {
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"text": [
"We just did this in my psych class actually so here goes.\n\nHalf the brain is only actually removed in young children, because their brain is still developing, it adapts to only having half of it there so the person learns ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2MKNsI5CWoU",
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZMLzP1VCANo"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diane_Van_Deren"
]
] | ||
qetq5 | Is a bacteriophage just a virus that infects bacteria? | With my general background in biology, I understand that phages (bacteriophages) were just viruses that infect bacteria. Are phages really related to viruses such as those that infect animals or other nucleated cells, or are phages just "phages" that happen to infect bacteria?
Was I just taught that phages were virus... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/qetq5/is_a_bacteriophage_just_a_virus_that_infects/ | {
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"Phage is short for bacteriophage, which is a virus that infects bacteria (there are many types of bacteriophages). There are also viruses that infect other types of organisms like animals; these are not bacteriophages.\n\nA... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
4uwe63 | why are their age restrictions in american public offices? | Say if I was 25 or even 30 I wouldn't be able to run for President, or if I was 18 I couldn't run for Congress? Why is that? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4uwe63/eli5_why_are_their_age_restrictions_in_american/ | {
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"text": [
"It mostly has to do with what the constitution says. For president you have to be at least 35 years old as it was thought you would have enough life experience and wisdom to lead the country. :) "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
51vvo1 | Augustus' political affiliation? (Populares/Optimates) | What was Augustus' political bias?
Did his status as Princeps make him officially impartial in the Senate?
I would have thought his relationship with Caesar would make him "Populares"
Ave! | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/51vvo1/augustus_political_affiliation_popularesoptimates/ | {
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"text": [
"That's simply not how Roman politics worked. *Populares* and *optimates* were not political parties, factions, or affiliations. The *optimates* in particular don't really exist--*optimas*, and the more common *bonus* is a rhetorical term that is ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/410g4i/were_there_established_political_factions_in_the/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/358ic9/did_the_ancient_athens_or_the_roman_republic_have/"
]
] | |
641sb3 | why are residential solar panels common, but not wind turbines? or water wheels for people who live by rivers? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/641sb3/eli5_why_are_residential_solar_panels_common_but/ | {
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"Because solar panels are small and compact, compared to giant turbines and water wheels that have a tendency to be as big as the house itself. ",
"Wind turbines are all about ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
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1egsbe | How many different colors were categorized/can be distinguished by an average human? | I'm wondering how many different shades of colors we are able to distinguish from each other just by perception? How can we explain the difference from 'color-concepts' to 'color-branding' (giving a specific shade a name)?
I know about the Pantone-scale but I'm most of all interested in how many shades are actually dif... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1egsbe/how_many_different_colors_were_categorizedcan_be/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"This article answers your question and provides an interesting extension in the form of tetrachromats _URL_0_"
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/326976"
]
] | |
61cd6g | "nuking" the filibuster | I get the gist (changing the rules from requiring 60 votes to requiring a simply majority), but I've heard it can only be done at the beginning of a new term. Is this true, or can it be done at any point? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/61cd6g/eli5_nuking_the_filibuster/ | {
"a_id": [
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"It can be done at any time. The Senate Majority Leader would declare Senate Rule 22(filibuster rule) a Constitutional question, and the Senate would immediately begin debating Rule 22 with a simple majority needed to change ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
abm8tk | when you shake flour, why do all the larger bits make their way to top and not the bottom? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/abm8tk/eli5_when_you_shake_flour_why_do_all_the_larger/ | {
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"text": [
"You can do the same experiment with a jar of rocks. Shaking the jar allows all of the little rocks to find their way down in the spaces between the larger rocks. Keep shaking and pretty soon all of the big rocks will appear ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
ofiac | Why should I wash my hands after using the restroom? Bear with me here... | So, imagine that a male wakes up in the morning, showers thoroughly, gets dressed and goes on about his day. His hands interact with the world: Touching doorknobs, surfaces, other people, etc.
Upon entering a restroom to urinate, throughout the whole day the penis has remained shielded from the outside world and is... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ofiac/why_should_i_wash_my_hands_after_using_the/ | {
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"text": [
"Your skin is always covered with various types of bacteria. The pelvic (specifically genitoanal) region, is typically populated by a class of bacteria known as [coliforms](_URL_0_)... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coliform_bacteria"
],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
3dmxww | why do we die instantly when our heart stops? why don't we asphyxiate from lack of oxygen from blood no longer circulating? | I know this sounds extremely dumb but I've always wondered about this. I can understand dying via shock if shot or stabbed in the heart. But when it just stops because of old age or sickness, why is death instant? They say you can live about 5 minutes without oxygen so why don't we die after about 5 minutes since blood... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3dmxww/eli5_why_do_we_die_instantly_when_our_heart_stops/ | {
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"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_death",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_death"
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75o202 | What is the historical significance of Dravidian history, their rule and culture? It looks like lot of their history is missing out? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/75o202/what_is_the_historical_significance_of_dravidian/ | {
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"I might only be moderately qualified to answer this question, but for me (or anybody else) to do so would require a lot more information about what you're looking for in an answer. Could you narrow it down a bit?\n\nAs it is, you're asking a ques... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1dddzs | How does the amount of energy required to sustain a temperature vary with the temperature itself? | I was thinking about how much energy my air condition will use during the summer months and in particular how much energy goes into maintaining a set temperature. Suppose it is 100^° C outside (unrealistic I know but useful for understanding) and you set the thermostat at 80^° C. How much more energy (fraction/percent)... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1dddzs/how_does_the_amount_of_energy_required_to_sustain/ | {
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"Ignoring radiative heat transfer, the other main two routes for heat transfer are conduction and convection, both of which are proportional to the temperature gradient, and assuming a constant value for the latter say through a wall, proportional... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
8901ud | Was the Nazi's obsession with "wonder weapons" an extension of their ideology? | When the Nazis made expensive, hard-to-maintain tanks like the Tiger, was that an ideological decision or a secular mistake that any military could have made? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8901ud/was_the_nazis_obsession_with_wonder_weapons_an/ | {
"a_id": [
"dwujesu"
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"text": [
"I'm not sure what would the ideological link be.\n\nBut about the reasoning of the Wunderwaffe.\n\nThe popular dichotomy between the triumph-of-will and triump-of-technology in warfare has been present in the Wehrmacht since the 1940, however not... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
38hecu | the more i rub my eyes the more colors i see | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/38hecu/eli5the_more_i_rub_my_eyes_the_more_colors_i_see/ | {
"a_id": [
"crv3rsi"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"When you rub your eye you are mechanically stimulating your retina, causing you to see light that is not actually there. The images projected by said light are called Phosphenes, specifically pressure phosphenes. It's you fooling your brain into ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
6l55qg | difference of lcd, oled, and amoled that can be easily understood | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6l55qg/eli5_difference_of_lcd_oled_and_amoled_that_can/ | {
"a_id": [
"djr8nce",
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"score": [
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3
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"text": [
"LCD: Liquid Crystal Display.\nA flat panel display which uses light emitting properties of liquid crystals. These crystals are illuminated by a fluorescent backlight. \n\nSmartphone LCD panels are classified into two types -... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | ||
65yhtm | why do you feel full faster if you eat slower? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/65yhtm/eli5_why_do_you_feel_full_faster_if_you_eat_slower/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"It takes some time for the chemicals responsible for fullness to be released and move from the stomach to the brain. When you eat slowly, these chemicals are released gradually and so your brain's levels of them rise gently. When you eat quickly,... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
oumn5 | How would 200 volts kill me (at 10 milliamps), but 200 amps (at 10 millivolts) not? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/oumn5/how_would_200_volts_kill_me_at_10_milliamps_but/ | {
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"text": [
"First off, it's amps not volts that kills you; you have this backwards.\n\nAlso, your latter example gives you a resistance of 5 x 10^-5 Ohms, which is bas... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
2qo0s7 | the millennium prize problems | _URL_0_
One by one...nice and slow :) | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2qo0s7/eli5_the_millennium_prize_problems/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Okay, i'm a CS guy so here you have **P vs NP**\n\nThis problem asks whether every problem whose solution can be quickly verified by a computer can also be quickly solved by a computer. (thanks [wikipedia](_URL_0_)).\n\nNow,... | [] | [
"http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems_in_mathematics"
] | [
[
"http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/P_%3D_NP_problem"
],
[
"http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courbe_elliptique#mediaviewer/File:ECClines-3.svg",
"http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Courbe_elliptique#mediaviewer/File:ECClines-2.svg"
]
] | |
wyzhd | Humans are willing to sacrifice their needs/survival for people/things they love. In what other species is this tendency also seen? | And on a side note, are there actions of greed/murder in the natural world? I know there are some cannibalistic species, but I've never heard of let's say, psychopathic chimpanzees. It seems as though humans are the only species willing to compromise their survival for stuff (couldn't think of a better word). | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/wyzhd/humans_are_willing_to_sacrifice_their/ | {
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"text": [
"I'm not sure how analogous this would be to the concept of \"love\", but bees sacrifice their lives to protect the queen/hive.",
"This can be seen in a few species, though it may not be for \"love,\... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tsDLd9pkEG4",
"http://news.discovery.com/animals/chimp-war-behavior.html"
],
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altruism"
]
] | |
1k3sfn | Are electric solar cells on top of cars an effective method of transit? | I would assume that a standard car uses more power than a solar cells could provide, but the solar cells have the advantage of being able to charge the battery while the car isn't running. Is it effective? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1k3sfn/are_electric_solar_cells_on_top_of_cars_an/ | {
"a_id": [
"cbom51g"
],
"score": [
2
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"text": [
"Time for a \"back of the napkin\" thought experiment!\n\nSay that you have [a Chevy Volt](_URL_2_) with the following characteristics:\n\n* 110 kW engine\n* you drive your car for 3 hours per day\n* while you're driving your car's average power o... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.affordable-solar.com/store/solar-panels/CSI-CS6P-235PX-235W-Solar-Panel",
"http://www.topspeed.com/cars/smart/2011-smart-car2go-edition-with-solar-roof-ar97353.html",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevrolet_Volt"
]
] | |
3unth6 | Does my phone use more battery if i use its in-built speaker or with headphones? | I doubt it's relevant but if it is, my phone is an LG G3, Android version 4.4.2 | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3unth6/does_my_phone_use_more_battery_if_i_use_its/ | {
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"Headphones and the integrated speaker are both powered by the phone's battery.\n\nA small experiment: \n\n-Place the headphones and the phone at equal distances, in turn, turn the volume to max then play a song.\n\n-You will barely hear the headp... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
11cm7y | how come when were not thinking of something, we don't sense it? | Kind of badly worded, but I mean like, it you don't think about blinking or breathing, you'll still be doing it, you just wont sense it, but if you start thinking about it, then you'll sense it until you forget about it. (Again, sorry for it being poorly worded) | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/11cm7y/eli5_how_come_when_were_not_thinking_of_something/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"And now you've made everybody self-conscious of their breathing! :-)\n\nI don't know the exact mechanisms for things like breathing and blinking, but I *imagine* it's a similar concept to (for example) when you place your hand on a table and you ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
1ujhtj | Books on Political economy for beginners? | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/1ujhtj/books_on_political_economy_for_beginners/ | {
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"I'm currently reading Robert L. Heilbroner's \"The Worldly Philosophers\" which gives an outline of the basic ideas behind the thinking of Smith, Marx, Mill, ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://www.amazon.com/International-Political-Economy-5th-Edition/dp/0205060633",
"http://www.amazon.com/Political-Economy-Middle-East-UPDATED/dp/0813349281/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1389028147&sr=1-1&keywords=political+economy+of+the+middle+east"
],
[
"http://www.cambr... | ||
4gpncc | how do animals survive being struck by lightning if the temperature of an average bolt is 5 times of that of the surface of the sun? (roughly 30,000 kelvin) | [Apparently this bison got struck by lightning. Seems alright to me. Sorta.](_URL_0_) | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4gpncc/eli5_how_do_animals_survive_being_struck_by/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Temperature is not the same as heat. Tiny samples of atoms in the LHC can reach trillions of degrees, but because there are so few, there isn't much heat and it dissipates quickly. Same thing with lightning. The temperature... | [] | [
"https://www.doi.gov/sites/doi.gov/files/uploads/NealSmithNWRKarenVisteSparkmanFWS.jpg"
] | [
[],
[]
] | |
b3hppe | how do animals like geckos and other lizards climb on smooth walls like concrete? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/b3hppe/eli5_how_do_animals_like_geckos_and_other_lizards/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Their fingers are covered by very tiny textured bristles, called setae, which hook into and around the tiny irregularities on the surfaces they're climbing."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
92agda | in footage of nuclear explosions, what are the white vertical stripes? | As seen for example [here](_URL_1_) and [here](_URL_0_)? Another question about nuclear explosions, I once read on Reddit about the experiences of someone who as a kid was watching some nuclear test in Mojave, I think, and he said that at the moment of detonation he saw these speckles of very weird colours. Does this r... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/92agda/eli5in_footage_of_nuclear_explosions_what_are_the/ | {
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"The vertical str... | [] | [
"https://coubsecure-s.akamaihd.net/get/b54/p/coub/simple/cw_timeline_pic/8c3cc9f9c8b/3868c993c825949a485c1/med_1432310455_image.jpg",
"https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4wiZIOGi3Nw/V9ctkBJi_qI/AAAAAAAALCc/Yty6idIbgwAHFWveeBS_Zn-JkonoJYbJACLcB/s1600/atomic_annie.jpg8"
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4unw00 | Do any encryption algorithms exist that are safe from attack by quantum computer? | If tomorrow someone announced (or any government intelligence agencies have) a feasible quantum computer capable of breaking encryption, would any algorithm be safe? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/4unw00/do_any_encryption_algorithms_exist_that_are_safe/ | {
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"d5s017y",
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"text": [
"Yes, it is referred to as quantum cryptography, and may also require a quantum computer. We just hypothetically assumed they existed, right? The basic idea is that data is encoded in a quantum state s... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-quantum_cryptography",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_key_distribution"
],
[
"https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.05973"
]
] | |
22g4cb | Has string theory been conclusively disproven? | I remember "superstring theory" being quite a hot topic during my last spurt of obsessive interest in theoretical science, around 2010 or 2011. I haven't heard anything about it, apart from references in those "gee-whiz" pop sci magazines, in quite a while. I asked Google whether it had been disproven, but sources on G... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/22g4cb/has_string_theory_been_conclusively_disproven/ | {
"a_id": [
"cgmiuxm",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"No, it hasn't been proven or disproven because A. it's not developed to the point where this is possible and B. we don't have the technology to experiment with quantum gravity. Certain choices of parameters that can be used ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
3rr2p7 | why are GPS satellites put in LEO and not geostationary? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3rr2p7/why_are_gps_satellites_put_in_leo_and_not/ | {
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"text": [
"Geostationary orbits are all over the equator. This would lead to sight line issues if you want to use GPS away from the equator. I live on a north facing hi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"http://ethw.org/Oral-History:Brad_Parkinson#Parkinson.27s_educational_background_and_the_origins_of_GPS.5D"
],
[
"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Comparison_satellite_navigation_orbits.svg/2000px-Comparison_satellite_navigation_orbits.svg.png",
"https://en.wi... | ||
eyvcrw | How effective are surgical masks at reducing the chance of infection for the user? How effective are they against spreading germs that can cause infections if the user is infected? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/eyvcrw/how_effective_are_surgical_masks_at_reducing_the/ | {
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"fgo0are",
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"score": [
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"text": [
"To add on to what other folks said, not very.\n\nWhat they ARE somewhat effective at doing is actually preventing you from infecting other people if you're si... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/guidance-prevent-spread.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2F2019-ncov%2Fguidance-prevent-spread.html",
"https://www.marketwatch.com/story/the-cdc-says-americans-dont-have-to-wear-facemasks-because-of-coronavirus-2020-01-30... | ||
3pcfaz | AMA: The Atlantic Slave Trade, especially human trafficking between the colonies throughout the Americas. | I'm Greg O'Malley, author of [Final Passages: The Intercolonial Slave Trade of British America](_URL_2_) and a history professor at [University of California, Santa Cruz](_URL_1_). I'm currently a fellow at the [Virginia Foundation for the Humanities](_URL_0_). I'm here today to answer questions about the slave trade..... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3pcfaz/ama_the_atlantic_slave_trade_especially_human/ | {
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"cw56vbf",
"cw572u4",
"cw57wmg",
"cw57yjm",
"cw5877y",
"cw588by",
"c... | [] | [
"http://virginiahumanities.org/",
"http://history.ucsc.edu/faculty/profiles/singleton.php?&singleton=true&cruz_id=gomalley",
"http://www.amazon.com/Final-Passages-Intercolonial-1619-1807-Williamsburg/dp/1469615347/"
] | [
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.amazon.com/review/R36FJZTS8EHDNW/ref=cm_cr_dp_title?ie=UTF8&ASIN=1469615347&channel=detail-glance&nodeID=283155&store=books"
],
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... | |
g19m8p | why isn't gravity scaled to smaller things? | Like if I took a 100ft wide ball and a .5cm wide marble why wouldn't the marble be attracted to the ball? Or would it be attracted and I've lived my entire life without this info | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/g19m8p/eli5_why_isnt_gravity_scaled_to_smaller_things/ | {
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"score": [
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"text": [
"I read somewhere once that if you put 2 pens floating in space near ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavendish_experiment"
],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavendish_experiment"
],
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavendish_experiment",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2PdiUoKa9Nw"
],
[]
] | |
6sx545 | Where is all the nuclear contamination from the atmospheric nuclear tests decades ago? | According to the CTBT, the United States has conducted 219 atmospheric nuclear tests. Did this not cause worry once we knew radiation travels? Are these regions still contaminated? Do we avoid them altogether in flight/sea travel? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/6sx545/where_is_all_the_nuclear_contamination_from_the/ | {
"a_id": [
"dlgf2rg",
"dlghkl2",
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"text": [
"It's still there. The atmosphere is just so big that it's not a major health concern. Natural sources of radiation lead to a dose of about 2.4 milisieverts but can range from about 1 to over 10 milisie... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.unscear.org/docs/publications/2008/UNSCEAR_2008_Report_Vol.I.pdf"
],
[
"http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/04/08/japanese-fishermen-to-sue-over-fallout-from-bikini-atoll-nuclear/",
"http://www.pnas.org/content/113/25/6833.full"
],
[]
] | |
6aytt5 | why does black absorb sun rays so much? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6aytt5/eli5_why_does_black_absorb_sun_rays_so_much/ | {
"a_id": [
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2,
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"text": [
"Colors we see are perceived by light rays (certain wavelengths) that are reflected. Meaning the object doesnt absorb that color. For example, apples reflect the color red. White reflecting all colors es... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
34xlmc | why is nickelback the butt of so many jokes? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/34xlmc/eli5_why_is_nickelback_the_butt_of_so_many_jokes/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
7,
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],
"text": [
"Because they are pretty famous and, while their main songs aren't bad, they do sound similar to each other, so people call them formulaic.",
"Because they're not very good, generic pop with some met... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=PmTUW-owa2w#t=220",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qs4tNeGyTyI"
],
[]
] | ||
ohl3s | polish reverse notation | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ohl3s/eli5_polish_reverse_notation/ | {
"a_id": [
"c3hbdeg"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"I'm assuming you are referring to Reverse Polish Notation\n\nOn paper, RPN is just postfix (operator after the numbers) arithmetic read left to right. \n\n2 + 3 becomes 2,3 +.\n\n3 * 5 + 70 becomes 3,5 * 70 +\n\nDo not get caught up with how it l... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
ho8ct | What causes religion? | Just to get it out of the way, this isn't a philosophical question, I'm genuinely curious about the scientific reasons for the existence of religion.
Does it stem from a social need to belong? ...is it the result of a need for a parental figure past childhood? ...is it something our brain uses to rationalise things we... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/ho8ct/what_causes_religion/ | {
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"text": [
"M... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superstition#Superstition_and_psychology"
],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://vimeo.com/23450446"
],
[],
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"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2615824/"
],
[
"http://thesciencenetwork.org/programs/beyond-belief-science-religion-reason-and-survival/se... | |
27u2bz | could someone explain google seo, and what to look for when choosing a google seo package? | We run a +Size Online Clothing store, and are considering using _URL_0_ to find a Google SEO Package and promote our business, with so many packages available, We are unsure which to choose. | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/27u2bz/eli5_could_someone_explain_google_seo_and_what_to/ | {
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"text": [
"SEO means \"get your result to appear higher in the results for a search\". The closer to the top of the results list the more likely a link is to be clicked. Being at the top of the results list gene... | [] | [
"Fiverr.com"
] | [
[
"CCN.com"
],
[],
[
"https://support.google.com/webmasters/answer/35769?hl=en"
]
] | |
3em58c | why are actors not allowed to drink alcohol in commercials right after drinking it/ doing drugs in shows? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/3em58c/eli5_why_are_actors_not_allowed_to_drink_alcohol/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"There are different laws for advertisements. In TV shows, drinking alcohol is generally an aspect or a character, or important to a scene, or something that isnt directly related to wanting to make you buy that alcohol. \n\nAdvertisement on the o... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
17bpbq | why does water go down a plughole differently depending on which side of the equator you're on? | Or is this a myth? I remember hearing something about it ages ago. I was just wondering, if true, why it happens! :) | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/17bpbq/eli5_why_does_water_go_down_a_plughole/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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2
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"text": [
"It doesn't\n\nWater goes down the plug hole depending on the design of the sink. The forces due to the side of the equator are tiny so have essentially zero effect on water in a kitchen sink or toilet.\n\nWhich side of the ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriolis_effect#Draining_in_bathtubs_and_toilets",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriolis_effect"
],
[]
] | |
dr59c7 | Did Viking armies have a military rank structure? If so, what was it, and who was in charge or above who? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/dr59c7/did_viking_armies_have_a_military_rank_structure/ | {
"a_id": [
"f6fdb6r"
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"score": [
27
],
"text": [
"The following is just a bit re-edited summary from my previous comment to the relevant question, [During the \"Viking Age\", how common was it for Danes, Swedes and Norwegians to become vikingr? Was this something many people did, or just a smal... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/wiki/profiles/y_sengaku"
]
] | ||
3f2vl4 | What is "modern sand" and when was it deposited on the sea floor? | I'm watching David Attenborough's "Life On Earth", circa 1979, and he says that a "thousand million" years ago, "modern sand" appeared on the sea floor in large enough quantities to allow burrowing life to evolve. What is this modern sand, how was it formed, and why did it only appear a billion years ago? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3f2vl4/what_is_modern_sand_and_when_was_it_deposited_on/ | {
"a_id": [
"ctl306e",
"ctlmwzm"
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"score": [
10,
2
],
"text": [
"Not sure why he says 1 B years ago, but he must be talking about the Cambrian substrate revolution. Essentially, before this event, seafloor life was centered around microbial mats, tight, firm films of bacteria, along with... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.geosociety.org/pubs/gsatoday/archive/sci0009.htm"
],
[]
] | |
5s3stx | what happens to you if you sell something that says "not labeled for individual sale"? | My question is legal in nature. What power does the law give to producers of products that say "not labeled for individual sale". Would I be risking civil or criminal penalties selling such items? If so, why are these laws in place? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5s3stx/eli5_what_happens_to_you_if_you_sell_something/ | {
"a_id": [
"ddc6302",
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"score": [
2,
6
],
"text": [
"You lose your contract with your distributor, and maybe get sued for breaching that contract.\n\nRetailers contract with lots of different distributors, who in turn contract with producers and manufacturers. If the manufactu... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
3hr5qn | Why does TV/Film from the late 80s/90s often have such oversaturated colours? | I know I'm sailing close to the 20-year rule, but I'm pretty sure this applies to stuff made before 1995.
I've noticed that TV from the 90s often has this really...*odd* colour scheme; I'm not really sure how else to describe it. I'm talking about videos like [this](_URL_2_)(particularly the ident in the beginning) or... | AskHistorians | http://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3hr5qn/why_does_tvfilm_from_the_late_80s90s_often_have/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
45,
24,
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"text": [
"So, you may have better luck on /r/editors or /r/videoediting, but I'll take a stab at it anyway.\n\nActual oversaturation would mean you're compressing the color information at the top end. So, take... | [] | [
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=etviGf1uWlg",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1osAbkUQmFY",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2fPgIIB67bw"
] | [
[
"http://www.synthetic-ap.com/images/tg2wfmrgb.png"
],
[
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n6P0SitRwy8",
"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sb8l1iRehpw",
"http://priceonomics.com/why-every-movie-looks-sort-of-orange-and-blue/"
],
[]
] | |
8ez2zc | How did the approximately four minute song become (somewhat) standard? Was it influenced by the needs of radio, or was it the other way around? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/8ez2zc/how_did_the_approximately_four_minute_song_become/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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2
],
"text": [
"You may like these previous answers. But these are not to discourage discussion here -- further questions, data, and debate are welcome.\n\n\"When did music shift from long, drawn out symphonies to the short songs of today?... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3o1cu3/the_standard_duration_of_a_pop_song_is_about/cvte86u/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/30jhxd/when_did_hour_long_symphonies_turn_into_short/",
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/33xe4y/when_did_music_shift_from_lon... | ||
flbf8q | When you have an illness (flu, throat infection etc) does your immune system weaken since it is busy fighting or actually improves since it is active? Or none of the above? Thank you | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/flbf8q/when_you_have_an_illness_flu_throat_infection_etc/ | {
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"score": [
3,
19,
270,
5,
3
],
"text": [
"Immune system is stronger when the new illness is similar to the one you're currently fighting. \n\nIf the new illness is very different, then your immune ... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
j4hks | trust funds | How do trust funds get established? How do they work? What exactly are trust fund babies? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/j4hks/eli5_trust_funds/ | {
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"text": [
"A trust fund is basically a bank account with a sum of money in it. The interest on the account goes out as a check to the receiver, every month, for the rest of their life because the trust fund will keep generating interest forever. So trust ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
5qga7s | why terminally ill liver cancer patients feel so drowsy? | Many years ago my father died from liver cancer.
I remember that the last days he was drowsy and sleepy. I didn't think much about that at the time. Maybe I thought that being so ill, the body was just giving up.
However, few months ago I read that this has something to do with the liver tyhat is not able to process ... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5qga7s/eli5_why_terminally_ill_liver_cancer_patients/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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2
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"text": [
"Likely it was the cocktail of drugs he was given towards the end. Was he on palliative/end of life care? Ativan, (Which is a benzodiazepine) Fentanyl, and Morphine (which are opiates/opioids) are frequently given which all c... | [] | [] | [
[],
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] | |
1qezji | how can frozen dinners (like banquet brand) cost as low as 89¢ per box? is it even food? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1qezji/how_can_frozen_dinners_like_banquet_brand_cost_as/ | {
"a_id": [
"cdc5o7y"
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"text": [
"I never heard of this brand, so I Googled it. The cheapest I was able to find was $1.65. Either way, it's cheap because it's small amounts of low-cost food -- corn, potatoes and low-quality meat. \n\nRounding: The whole thing weighs 9 ounces, so ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
8vu6ga | Is the nucleus of an atom a sea of quarks without clear boundaries between protons and neutrons? | I am aware of the quantum stuff that means we can't know exactly where the protons and neutrons are but that's not what I mean. Since both are made of quarks, ups and downs I think, are the quarks just all together in one big soup instead of being bonded to two others like in diagrams? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/8vu6ga/is_the_nucleus_of_an_atom_a_sea_of_quarks_without/ | {
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"No, it’s more of a sea of nucleons/quasiparticles (nucleon pairs, alpha clusters, etc.). It’s not simply a homogeneous sea of q... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://phys.org/news/2018-06-periodic-table.html"
],
[],
[],
[]
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2aqxgn | How much matter (i mean like asteroids, random stars, etc) do we think exists in the space between galaxies? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2aqxgn/how_much_matter_i_mean_like_asteroids_random/ | {
"a_id": [
"ciy0pii"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"The intergalactic medium, the stuff between galaxies, mainly consists of very hot ionised particles. This is basically atoms like hydrogen that are so hot, they are stripped of their electrons. This a plasma of charged particles that lie between... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
72psmy | how does meditation improve mental stamina? | I've read that meditation can improve your mental stamina and I was wondering how exactly it does this. I'm a full time student and I spend a lot of time studying and doing flashcards to learn new material, but once I reach a certain point my mental energies are completely zapped and I can't bring myself to do anymore.... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/72psmy/eli5how_does_meditation_improve_mental_stamina/ | {
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"text": [
"I feel like the other two are too quick to jump on the placebo explanation.\n\nA better way to think about meditation that sounds less mystical is that you're training your brain to stop wandering and... | [] | [] | [
[],
[
"http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/acm.2007.7022",
"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306987703001750",
"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053810010000681"
],
[]
] | |
9g1syj | Was there ever a time in the U.S. when an escaped slave could have taken refuge with a Native American tribe ? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9g1syj/was_there_ever_a_time_in_the_us_when_an_escaped/ | {
"a_id": [
"e61d0za"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Slaves often took refuge in the swamps of the American southeast during the early decades of the nineteenth century (I would presume further back into the eighteenth century as well, though I know less about that history). It was not easy for s... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1102gz | why do we see rays of light going in different directions when there is a single light source in a dark area? | If you're looking at a light (say, the status light at the bottom of a monitor) in a place where it's otherwise completely dark, why does it look like there's rays of light going in other directions? I know that light goes in every direction from the source, but why can we see it when it goes in other directions? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1102gz/eli5_why_do_we_see_rays_of_light_going_in/ | {
"a_id": [
"c6i4ddo"
],
"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Reflections. Everything you can see is literally reflecting (or emitting) light."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
43w52c | what led to the us policy of containment? | I understand the policy in itself, and how it was part of the ideological conflict of the cold war, but what historical events specifically led the US to adopt this policy? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/43w52c/eli5_what_led_to_the_us_policy_of_containment/ | {
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"text": [
"People in the US government were divided between striking a conciliatory tone with the USSR and a strategy of confrontation that eventually became containment.\n\nThe single event that most directly led to the adoption of containment was George K... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
obred | How do retroviruses become endogenous? | I am really confused by the final paragraph of [this New Yorker article](_URL_0_):
> Villarreal predicts that, without an effective AIDS vaccine, nearly the entire population of Africa will eventually perish. “We can also expect at least a few humans to survive,’’ he wrote. They would be people who have been infected... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/obred/how_do_retroviruses_become_endogenous/ | {
"a_id": [
"c3fzums"
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"score": [
6
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"text": [
"Wow the author is jumping around on this subject. In general, one method of resistance is if the individual develops mutations in the receptor that the virus docks on to the point that the virus cannot dock on the host's cells. The virus needs to... | [] | [
"http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2007/12/03/071203fa_fact_specter?currentPage=all"
] | [
[]
] | |
myx58 | What is the most current description of a vacuum? | I'm aware that a vacuum in space is not truly empty, as shown by the Casimir effect and other experiments. What exactly is a vacuum then, and does this affect how physicists view real matter?
I'm particularly interested in something I read that described a vacuum as being nearly infinitely dense and that real particle... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/myx58/what_is_the_most_current_description_of_a_vacuum/ | {
"a_id": [
"c34zk2s",
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"score": [
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7
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"text": [
"The best current description (and this describes everything we've observed in terms of high energy physics) is that spacetime is filled with quantum fields. It turns out that quantum states of these fields correspond to a nu... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
ofpjx | why do some states get to vote first? who decides? | ...for primaries ~~and general elections~~. It seems unfair.
[corrected by kouhoutek] | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/ofpjx/elif_why_do_some_states_get_to_vote_first_who/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"First, all states vote on the same day for national general elections.\n\nSecond, primaries are not a part of government...they are for two private clubs to decide who they want to support in the eventual election, and they get to make up whateve... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
76y95d | how does an inverter increase voltage from 12v to 240v instantly? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/76y95d/eli5_how_does_an_inverter_increase_voltage_from/ | {
"a_id": [
"dohjvs3"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Hi! \n\nAn inverter, first and foremost, converts from a direct current input to an alternate current output, rather than converting from any lower voltage to a higher voltage. The latter is simply an advantageous side effect or features in most ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File%3ABoost_circuit_2.png?wprov=sfla1",
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"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_converter?wprov=sfla1",
"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sine_wave?wprov=... | ||
t3b91 | Do muscles use the fat nearest them for fuel? | For example, if I want to slim my arms - doing arm exercises will build muscle in the arms but will it also be more likely to target the fat stores in the arm for fuel?
Apologies for my lack of scientific sounding vocabulary... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/t3b91/do_muscles_use_the_fat_nearest_them_for_fuel/ | {
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1050,
97,
11,
30,
4,
2,
3,
2,
... | [] | [] | [
[],
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"http://www.exrx.net/WeightTraining/Myths.html",
"http://examine.com/faq/how-do-i-lose-fat-around-my-belly.html"
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[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.acefitness.org/fitnessqanda/fitnessqanda_display.aspx?itemid=341"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16985258"
],
... | |
1aubbp | Why are there different ways of measuring greenhouse gas emissions? | I've been doing some research and I've noticed that sometimes the data is presented as strictly the number of kilotons in the produced and other times by GDP, metric tons per capita. I was wondering why the different ways of presenting the data and why there seems to be a disparity when comparing the same country by ac... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1aubbp/why_are_there_different_ways_of_measuring/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"It probably has to do with the context. When speaking in contexts of individual impacts (gas-powered cars, electricity usage, etc.), it makes sense to use per-capita measurements. When doing other work, it may be more convenient to use total numb... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/ccgg/trends/global.html#global"
]
] | |
3ptxaw | Is there a theoretical minimum size for a living cell? | I know that mycoplasma and rickettsia are among the smallest cells known, but is there a theoretical size smaller than these below which a cell could never be viable? What is the limiting factor? | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/3ptxaw/is_there_a_theoretical_minimum_size_for_a_living/ | {
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"score": [
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"text": [
"I'm by no means an expert in the field, but I'll give it a shot: \n\nI would think the ... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Mycoplasma_genitalium#Genome_structure"
],
[],
[
"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK224747/",
"http://planetaryprotection.nasa.gov/summary/verysmall"
],
[],
[],
[],
[],
[
"http://www.pnas.org/content/109/2/495.abstract"
]
] | |
aj3cn9 | Right now it's dark most of the day and freezing cold here in Scandinavia. What would my Viking ancestors be doing on a typical day this time of year? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/aj3cn9/right_now_its_dark_most_of_the_day_and_freezing/ | {
"a_id": [
"eetc6zx",
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"score": [
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16
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"text": [
"I have an *ancient* answer on a slightly broader question that gets into activities: [How did people in medieval Scandinavia survive winter?](_URL_0_)\n\n~~\n\nMedieval Scandinavian saints, by and large, perform similar mi... | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/413h9n/how_did_the_people_in_scandinavia_live_during_the/cyzqq23/"
],
[]
] | ||
2ykw3s | Why does the time of solar noon shift from month to month? | I thought Greenwich Mean Time was synced to Earth's rotation (I know leap seconds were recently abandoned), but I've noticed the time of solar noon shifts up to 10 minutes throughout the year, how does that happen? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2ykw3s/why_does_the_time_of_solar_noon_shift_from_month/ | {
"a_id": [
"cpaldcc",
"cpalmid"
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2
],
"text": [
"Mostly because the Earth's orbit around the Sun is not a circle. As the Earth spins on its axis during a day, it travels through space around the Sun, so it has to spin more than 360° from solar noon to solar noon. When th... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
9p4tgt | How accurate is the new Assassins Creed game to classical Greece? | [deleted] | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9p4tgt/how_accurate_is_the_new_assassins_creed_game_to/ | {
"a_id": [
"e7z2b5v"
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"score": [
3
],
"text": [
"Not discouraging further answers, but [this thread](_URL_0_) may be of interest to you. "
]
} | [] | [] | [
[
"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9nla1e/i_am_a_historian_of_classical_greek_warfare_ask/"
]
] | |
2vqcnl | what exactly happens when a light bulb burns out? why is it that when i shake a burnt out light bulb, the filament is always disconnected such that it rattles? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2vqcnl/eli5what_exactly_happens_when_a_light_bulb_burns/ | {
"a_id": [
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"_URL_0_\n\nThe filament burns out, breaks in the middle form heating and contracting or gets too think in a spot and melts through. \n\nThe support wires don't get hot or deteriorate, so they still hold the ends of the now split filament wire, so... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://i.imgur.com/kIJWVgs.jpg"
]
] | ||
1yzrsq | Why are copper salts like CuSO4 blue while copper is red? | Why does the color of Copper change so much when it reacts to salts like CuSO4, CuNO3, etc? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1yzrsq/why_are_copper_salts_like_cuso4_blue_while_copper/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"Because the absorption bands correspond to electronic transitions between orbitals.\n\nChanging what an atom is bound to will change the energy level differences. More specific to metal coordination complexes, one can analyze metal complexes via ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_field_theory"
]
] | |
5yzrfg | How did European explorers react upon discovering that people in Indonesia, a very far removed area of the world, adhered to the same religion as their immediate neighbours in the mashriq and maghreb? | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/5yzrfg/how_did_european_explorers_react_upon_discovering/ | {
"a_id": [
"deuwztn",
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15
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"text": [
"Can you clarify what you mean by explorers? Explorers in the 16th century \"Age of Exploration\" on the ocean are a different beast than 13th century land explorers like Marco Polo. Either way, I would argue that 13th or 16... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://virtuallabs.stanford.edu/silkroad/SilkRoad.html"
],
[]
] | ||
1zmiey | If a child were never explicitly taught to walk, would he/she naturally develop the skill? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1zmiey/if_a_child_were_never_explicitly_taught_to_walk/ | {
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"text": [
"Genie learned how to walk and nobody ever taught her. She's more of a linguist disaster but she didn't know muc... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
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[]
] | ||
7dlwx5 | why does the electricity in some cars get cut off when starting the engine? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/7dlwx5/eli5_why_does_the_electricity_in_some_cars_get/ | {
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"There are two sources of electricity in a car. The battery, and the alternator. \n\nWhen your engine is off, the battery provides power to the accessories. This does drain the battery, which is why leav... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
t6u75 | what is euler's constant? | It is starting to appear more and more in the math I am doing. I understand that pi is the relationship between a circles circumference and diameter. Is there something similar that e describes? Is there some way to think of it other than a random number slightly larger than 2.7? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/t6u75/eli5_what_is_eulers_constant/ | {
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"text": [
"Take (1 + 1/n)^n\n\nAs n gets larger and larger, the total gets closer and closer to e.\n\nIt's not as intuitive ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E_%28mathematical_constant%29"
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[],
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"http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7f/Compound_Interest_with_Varying_Frequencies.svg",
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E_\\(mathematical_constant\\)"
],
[],
[],
[
"http://betterexplained.com/articles/an... | |
z7yu9 | How long would a laser pointer travel in space before dissipating that you could no longer see it? | What the title says. How far would laser light be visible from the origin in space? (For sake of argument lets say that it is pointed in a direction that would not intersect any physical interstellar objects.) | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/z7yu9/how_long_would_a_laser_pointer_travel_in_space/ | {
"a_id": [
"c62bryq"
],
"score": [
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],
"text": [
"First, some assumptions:\n\nYou're using a green (532 nm) laser pointer which can output 5 mW of power. The aperture is 3 mm in diameter, giving a minimum beam width of 532 nm / 3 mm * 180/pi = 0.010 degrees before diffraction becomes a problem. ... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Quantum/see_a_photon.html"
]
] | |
4jmqlz | why is it so hard to stay awake when we're sleepy? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/4jmqlz/eli5why_is_it_so_hard_to_stay_awake_when_were/ | {
"a_id": [
"d37wql5"
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"score": [
3
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"text": [
"Because your brain and your body want and need to go to sleep. So they're trying to go to sleep regardless of whether or not you're in a situation where you should be sleeping or not. You need sleep to survive and your body is more concerned abou... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1ojnbh | Are animals eyes affected by onions like humans? | Would your household pet have irritated eyes by being in the same room while you're cutting an onion? | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1ojnbh/are_animals_eyes_affected_by_onions_like_humans/ | {
"a_id": [
"ccsmaur"
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"text": [
"Not the most prestigious source, but definitely simple and accurate: onions burn your eyes because [a gas gets released from them that turns into sulfuric acid after contact with water.](_URL_0_)\n\nSince the eyes are just as sensitive in nonhuma... | [] | [] | [
[
"http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemistryfaqs/f/onionscry.htm"
]
] | |
2ftx0j | what's the purpose of the mysterious slash at the end of urls? | Example 1: type "reddit" in Google. Reddit will obviously be the first result, and you will see the address indicated as _URL_0_. Why "/"?
Example 2: go to the Reddit's homepage, _URL_1_ (notice there is no slash). Now, while there, copy the address from your address bar and paste it somewhere else - a slash will be a... | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/2ftx0j/eli5_whats_the_purpose_of_the_mysterious_slash_at/ | {
"a_id": [
"ckco90d"
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"score": [
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"text": [
"The slash is to identify the last child as a directory.\n\n_URL_1_ does not have a slash, because it is a page not a directory, but _URL_0_ has a slash because it is a directory. In most cases, any file with a \".\" after the last slash(the only ... | [] | [
"www.reddit.com/",
"www.reddit.com"
] | [
[
"reddit.com/r/AskReddit/",
"reddit.com/index.html"
]
] | |
dms38w | i just read about gravity traveling at the same speed as light and i'm still confused. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/dms38w/eli5_i_just_read_about_gravity_traveling_at_the/ | {
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"text": [
"Imagine a stick that’s one light year long. If you stood on one end and pulled on the stick, it would take time before someone on the other side of the stic... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | ||
34mmqt | if animals have far greater hearing capabilities then us, do they go insane when we play loud music in a confined area? | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/34mmqt/eli5_if_animals_have_far_greater_hearing/ | {
"a_id": [
"cqw5a76"
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"text": [
"Its not like they can hear things louder, its that they can here things in a wider range of frequencies. Like when you take that hearing test at your doctors, they can hear more of the low stuff and the high stuff, past where you start and stop h... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
1emo9q | on windows 64-bit, why do i see program files and program files (x86), and what is the difference? | I'm also a bit confused about when I download certain programs if I should get the 64 or 86 version, wouldn't 86 be more "power", or are these 2 completely different things?
EDIT: Woo, front page! Thanks for the knowledge! | explainlikeimfive | http://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1emo9q/eli5_on_windows_64bit_why_do_i_see_program_files/ | {
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5d30e1 | why there are not much political movement to unify different countries that has very, very similar languages? | I watched some YouTube videos saying that some European countries has very similar languages (like the North Germanic languages) to the point that it's almost the same language.
As a Chinese, I find it strange that you people rather have different countries rather than one. The Chinese language has very large dialect ... | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5d30e1/eli5_why_there_are_not_much_political_movement_to/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Just because two different countries have a very similar language, doesn't mean they also have very similar cultural and political beliefs, nor a shared history. When people still see themselves as a distinct group different... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
9e6t7b | Did Napoleonic armies bring marching bands with them into battle like the film Waterloo portrays? | Title says it all really. Waterloo is my favourite film and I have this question every time I watch it. I've tried google multiple times, but haven't come up with any answers. Thanks for reading! :)
| AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/9e6t7b/did_napoleonic_armies_bring_marching_bands_with/ | {
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"text": [
"The fife and drums commonly played either together, where they would form a fife and drum corps - and Waterloo portrays that pretty accurately - bringing some musical umph, as well as pacing and rhythmn, to large line infantry formations on the f... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
96h8ye | why do our butts hurt after sitting for a long period of time? | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/96h8ye/eli5_why_do_our_butts_hurt_after_sitting_for_a/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"Well, the pressure causes your muscles to press against your bones, which hurts for example, pinch you arm. Your flesh is getting crushed, so it hurts...."
]
} | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2rydd7 | Does Monty Hall Problem solution apply to Italian gameshow? | Mathematicians of the internet, here's a question that's been bugging me for a while...
So there is this famous gameshow in Italy:
You get assigned one of 20 numbered boxes, that contain different money prizes ranging from 0,10€ to 500.000€.
You don't know what's inside yours or any other box.
During the whole show yo... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2rydd7/does_monty_hall_problem_solution_apply_to_italian/ | {
"a_id": [
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],
"text": [
"The key ingredient that makes switching best in Monty Hall is that the host removes a losing option. The host adds his own knowledge of which door is bad into the mix. Since this does not happen in thi... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[]
] | |
6moo8w | how nuclear weapons could have been dropped and tested in nevada, without the nuclear fallout or radiation harming civilian populations in the surrounding communities. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/6moo8w/eli5_how_nuclear_weapons_could_have_been_dropped/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"they tested them in super remote areas, and before long, they stopped testing them above ground or under water (or space), they would detonate them underground, so the radiation would be contained.\n\nthere is a low level of radiation across the ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | ||
2a2e98 | What is the volume of an "average" event horizon? | We often see these artistic renderings of a black hole floating in space with the light from distant stars warping around it. The problem is the lack of bananas in space for scale.
I think the common image people have is the event horizon being nearly as big as the star it started as. But if I imagine a star slowly sh... | askscience | http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2a2e98/what_is_the_volume_of_an_average_event_horizon/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"There's an equation for that. Actually there are a few equations for that. For a non-charged, non-rotating singularity (a Schwarzschild black hole) it is: r = 2GM/c^2 where r is the radius of the event horizon, G is the gravitational constant, ... | [] | [] | [
[]
] | |
boqinp | what happens when there isn't enough electricity on the grid? | I.e. if 1000 households need power, but one of the powerplants has broken down and there is only enough power generation to power 900 homes. | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/boqinp/eli5_what_happens_when_there_isnt_enough/ | {
"a_id": [
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"text": [
"In short: a brownout is what occurs then. There will still be power to the majority, but not everyone.",
"There can be \"brown-outs\" where the voltage is lower than normal. L... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[],
[]
] | |
5wogb1 | how does a toilet flush without any power? | It sounds sort of silly but i saw a r/showerthoughts which mentioned that power-less toilets are very impressive and don't get any recognition so I figured I'd ask the experts to explain this wonderful phenomenon. Thanks! | explainlikeimfive | https://www.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/5wogb1/eli5how_does_a_toilet_flush_without_any_power/ | {
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"text": [
"It works on the concept of a \"siphon\". Water wants to travel downwards due to gravity, but there is an obstacle such as an upward slope or \"wall\" it needs to overcome. Once som... | [] | [] | [
[],
[],
[
"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_cup"
],
[]
] | |
51cd72 | "Doing" indigenous history | I know those who argue that indigenous histories (and would apply this applies also to non-western histories to some degree) cannot be done using western historical methods and thought. That one cannot understand such histories without using the methods of those cultures. I am curious about the thoughts of historians o... | AskHistorians | https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/51cd72/doing_indigenous_history/ | {
"a_id": [
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"score": [
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"text": [
"In my area I often hear people speak of indigenous pasts; or representations of the past, as 'history' as a study - or as a science- is a profoundly and specifically western approach to the study of the past, albeit one that... | [] | [] | [
[],
[]
] | |
98b7jf | The freezing point of carbon dioxide is -78.5C, while the coldest recorded air temperature on Earth has been as low as -92C, does this mean that it can/would snow carbon dioxide at these temperatures? | For context, the lowest temperature ever recorded on earth was apparently -133.6F (-92C) by satellite in Antarctica. The lowest confirmed air temperature on the ground was -129F (-89C). [Wiki link to sources](_URL_0_).
So it seems that it's already possible for air temperatures to fall below the freezing point of carb... | askscience | https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/98b7jf/the_freezing_point_of_carbon_dioxide_is_785c/ | {
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"https://hub.globalccsinstitute.com/sites/default/files/imag... |
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