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of the information already in the public domain. Further reading Section 21 – Information reasonably accessible to the applicant by other means Section 22 – Information intended for future publication and research information Guidance on the public interest test Guidance on the prejudice test | https://ico.org.uk/for-organisations/foi/freedom-of-information-and-environmental-information-regulations/information-in-the-public-domain/ | Information in the public domain | ICO | ico.org.uk | unknown | false | 0.359 | 0.788 | ["philosophy"] | 293 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.727810 | [
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Behav Sci (Basel) . 2025 Sep 15;15(9):1260. doi: 10.3390/bs15091260 The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study Ralph A Gigliotti Ralph A Gigliotti 1 Office of Organizational Leadership, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 089... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 1 | 0.846 | ["leadership", "education", "communication", "crisis", "philosophy"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.848806 | [
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nd articles by Ralph A Gigliotti 1, * , Sonia Alvarez-Robinson Sonia Alvarez-Robinson 2 Georgia Tech Strategic Consulting, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; sonia@consulting.gatech.edu Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.4 | 0.836 | ["philosophy", "strategy"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.848912 | [
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opyright and License information 1 Office of Organizational Leadership, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA 2 Georgia Tech Strategic Consulting, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; sonia@consulting.gatech.edu * Correspondence: ralph.gigliotti@rutgers.edu Roles Ralph A Gigliotti : Conce... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.4 | 0.822 | ["philosophy", "leadership", "strategy", "education"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.848945 | [
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obinson : Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing Janie Harden Fritz : Academic Editor Kristen Majocha : Academic Editor Received 2025 Jul 23; Revised 2025 Sep 8; Accepted 2025 Sep 9; Collection date 2025 Sep. © 2025 by the auth... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.4 | 0.848 | ["innovation", "philosophy"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.848973 | [
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BY) license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ). PMC Copyright notice PMCID: PMC12467728 PMID: 41009290 Abstract In today’s dynamic organizational landscape, workplace communication has become an essential competency for leaders at all levels. With a focus on the narratives used during and after organizati... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.83 | ["leadership", "communication", "education", "crisis", "innovation"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849000 | [
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leaders can cultivate crisis readiness and resilience through strategic communication practices that build trust, convey stability, and strengthen institutional cohesion in times of disruption. Drawing on recent scholarship and public leadership examples, the study introduces a rubric for evaluating resilience narrativ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.896 | 0.83 | ["leadership", "crisis", "communication", "strategy", "education"] | 510 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849027 | [
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dership, this exploratory research highlights how the use of resilience narratives as a form of workplace communication used by leaders can help to bolster collective crisis readiness. Keywords: workplace communication, leadership, crisis, crisis communication, higher education, resilience 1. Introduction The subject o... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.989 | 0.814 | ["communication", "leadership", "crisis", "education", "philosophy"] | 445 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849053 | [
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importance for contemporary organizational life. Over the past five years, organizations have gained important insights into the practice of communication. These lessons emerged from navigating a range of complex challenges, including a global pandemic, the rise of remote and hybrid work, the spread of mis- and disinfo... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.682 | 0.816 | ["communication", "crisis", "philosophy"] | 411 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849081 | [
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n, and the rollback of efforts to promote equity. The convergence of these factors has made effective leadership communication more critical than ever. As defined by Liu et al. ( 2023 ), leader communication may be described as “the textual, verbal, and embodied signals that leaders deliver to others, both purposefully... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.691 | 0.84 | ["leadership", "communication"] | 454 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849107 | [
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leadership outcomes, and affect others” (p. 13). In times of adversity, challenge, and change, members of an organizational community look to leaders to provide vision, inspiration, clear information, and space for community voices to be heard. The messages—intentional and unintentional—shared by leaders take on height... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.848 | ["leadership", "crisis", "strategy", "motivation", "philosophy"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849134 | [
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, and this is certainly the case for leaders in higher education as they respond to the unique pressures impacting the sector and seek to foster greater levels of trust and stability. The challenges impacting colleges and universities require effective leadership. Furthermore, given the broad array of stakeholders and ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.854 | ["leadership", "crisis", "education", "communication"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849158 | [
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rship communication during periods of crisis and complexity. Furthermore, given the presence of both institutional and environmental challenges, the study and practice of workplace communication remain important for formal and informal leaders. Leaders who possess these capabilities can bolster the readiness and resili... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.84 | ["leadership", "communication", "crisis", "philosophy", "education"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849183 | [
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rganizations that attract, engage, and retain the talented faculty and staff necessary to deliver exceptional student experiences and ensure success outcomes after graduation. A focused examination of workplace communication can help to reinforce the linkages to professional civility ( Fritz, 2013 ), positive workplace... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.692 | ["communication", "networking", "career"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849208 | [
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organizations that shape communication practices ( Wrench, 2013 ). Bringing together the expanding research on workplace and organizational communication, along with an analysis of leadership communication narratives presented during and following organizational crises, this article explores the intersection of crisis ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.984 | 0.804 | ["leadership", "communication", "crisis", "education"] | 421 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849231 | [
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unication within the context of higher education. More specifically, this research explores the ways in which higher education leaders can help to cultivate a crisis readiness mindset ( Jin et al., 2024a , 2024b ) through the strategic use of resilience narratives and calls to action, and the implications both resilien... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.308 | 0.846 | ["education", "leadership", "strategy", "crisis"] | 466 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849256 | [
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le, complex, and dynamic ecosystem. As Jin et al. ( 2024a , 2024b ) suggest, this focus on readiness as both process and outcome equips organizations and individuals with the agility to respond effectively, adequately, and promptly to various crises. The findings from this exploratory research—informed by public leader... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.295 | 0.854 | ["leadership", "education", "philosophy"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849281 | [
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esign and evaluation of these leadership communication narratives. As will be explored in this article, the use of resilience narratives by leaders can help to bolster collective crisis readiness. This form of workplace communication serves an important function for organizations as they navigate disruption in an incre... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.846 | ["leadership", "communication", "crisis", "philosophy"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849306 | [
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o the COVID-19 pandemic, have led to the introduction of many different definitions and perspectives related to readiness, resilience, and resilient leadership. We use the following definitions as a guide for this exploratory study: Crisis readiness, according to Jin et al. ( 2024a ), “is at least in part a form of eff... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.4 | 0.862 | ["crisis", "leadership", "management", "philosophy", "motivation"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849332 | [
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, each of which has its unique form of crisis readiness and implies varied degrees of the enactment of crisis management efforts” (p. 7). Resilience refers to the ability of an individual, organization, or community to adapt, survive and thrive through uncertainty, adversity, and change. Resilience is a state, not a tr... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.3 | 0.86 | ["crisis", "management", "philosophy"] | 498 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849403 | [
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ence, authority, or power within an organization. Those practices include stress response and coping, decision-making, communicating clearly, relating to others, planning and risk management, and adapting to changing circumstances. This article builds upon the work of scholars who have studied crisis communications, re... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.895 | 0.834 | ["leadership", "communication", "strategy", "management", "decision_making"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849436 | [
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tain responsibility for leader development and organizational resilience. We have witnessed first-hand accounts of the challenges that leaders face as they thread the needle amid three intersecting tensions: (1) negotiating both authentic and strategic displays of one’s leadership identity, (2) navigating a complex pol... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.907 | 0.828 | ["leadership", "communication", "strategy", "crisis", "philosophy"] | 471 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849465 | [
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that garners trust, credibility, and confidence. The complexities of contemporary leadership call for leaders to balance these authentic, strategic, and performative identities in their workplace communication—and each of these roles helps to shape the collective resilience and readiness of the communities in which the... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.694 | 0.832 | ["leadership", "communication", "strategy", "crisis", "philosophy"] | 468 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849490 | [
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stress, anxiety, and panic among those they lead. We have witnessed leaders who have successfully used communication to reduce and manage risk for both themselves and the organization. At the same time, we have seen leaders struggle, sometimes falter, under the intense pressure of these moments of organizational exigen... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.692 | 0.836 | ["leadership", "communication"] | 460 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849517 | [
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on reactions from audiences at polar viewpoints. We have also seen leaders step down or be removed from their roles for their failure to effectively thread the crisis communications needle. Our experiences have led us toward a curiosity about the implications for leaders as they dance with these challenges—and the find... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.696 | 0.852 | ["leadership", "crisis", "education", "communication", "war_conflict"] | 480 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849546 | [
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lp bolster crisis readiness for future crises. 2. Research Questions In alignment with the focus of this Special Issue on workplace communication, the following questions provide a guide for this exploratory study: RQ1: How do leaders in higher education promote crisis readiness and resilience in their public approache... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 1 | 0.844 | ["leadership", "communication", "crisis", "education", "philosophy"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849572 | [
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n studies that inform leadership communication during and following a crisis? RQ3: How do leaders’ resilience narratives enhance our understanding of workplace communication during critical incidents? 3. Literature Review 3.1. Crisis Communication and Crisis Readiness in the Contemporary Workplace Crisis remains a prom... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.842 | ["crisis", "leadership", "communication", "philosophy"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849597 | [
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ns and they pose tremendous challenges for those called upon to lead during these critical incidents. Information has the potential to become distorted during times of crisis ( Slaughter et al., 2021 ), and leaders are called upon to respond swiftly, purposefully, and precisely during these periods of acute uncertainty... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.854 | ["crisis", "leadership", "philosophy"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849622 | [
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ommunicators to see possibilities, understand the potential breadth and scope of an emerging crisis, and be ready to change strategy and tactics quickly” ( Reber et al., 2021, p. 7 ). Acts of workplace communication take on heightened significance during these often high-stakes moments in the life of an organization. T... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.862 | ["philosophy", "leadership", "communication", "strategy", "decision_making"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849658 | [
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making by formal and informal leaders throughout the workplace ( Gigliotti, 2022 ). One might turn to the crisis communication literature for guidance on research-informed strategies that might be most helpful in responding to these disruptive events or situations ( Coombs, 1995 , 2023 ). Indeed, the capacity to identi... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 1 | 0.854 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "crisis", "communication"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849695 | [
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the work of effective crisis leadership ( Gigliotti, 2019 ). Indeed, the leader’s attitude in a crisis can help to shape how others make sense of and respond to the disruption, while also helping to build trust in the actions and decisions of leaders during these periods of heightened risk and uncertainty ( Graffeo & J... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.688 | 0.852 | ["leadership", "crisis", "communication", "decision_making"] | 441 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849724 | [
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ive for leaders at all levels of an organization. Leaders are often expected to offer public statements in response to organizational crises, and these forms of workplace communication, especially when tailored for internal constituencies, serve an important role in shaping perceptions of trust, inclusion, and transpar... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.688 | 0.838 | ["leadership", "communication", "crisis", "philosophy"] | 442 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849750 | [
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; Taylor & Barrera, 2019 ; Taylor et al., 2023 ). Seeger ’s ( 2006 ) research helps to distill a number of practices associated with effective crisis and risk communication, including the following: Engage in pre-crisis planning (plan pre-event logistics, coordinate networks, and accept uncertainty). Model proactive st... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.896 | 0.846 | ["communication", "strategy", "crisis", "networking", "philosophy"] | 509 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849775 | [
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mmunicate compassion, and provide self-efficacy). Provide clear and consistent communication. Continuously evaluate and update crisis plans. These crisis and risk communication practices cut across crisis types, and they certainly take on an elevated significance in dealing with the intersecting challenges of our time.... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.85 | ["crisis", "communication", "war_conflict"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849796 | [
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ar in the Middle East, economic uncertainty, and ideological polarization, weigh on organizations of all kinds. Certainly, policy and funding changes initiated by the federal government have had a cascading impact across higher education and have exposed vulnerabilities in communication and engagement with key internal... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.848 | ["leadership", "communication", "governance", "education"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849819 | [
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hin their communities as they prepare for future incidents ( Parnell et al., 2010 ; Parnell & Crandall, 2021 ). In response to recent crises, the Crisis Communication Think Tank (CCTT) convened a member gathering in April 2023 to explore readiness as a key pillar of crisis management. As Jin et al. ( 2024a ) note, “Rea... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.688 | 0.85 | ["crisis", "management", "communication"] | 440 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849841 | [
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in preparing for and managing a crisis situation. Surpassing mere preparedness, readiness encompasses the initial planning stages to summon a state of action” (p. 2). In their preliminary attempt to define these related concepts, Jin et al. go on to differentiate readiness, preparedness, and resilience using the follow... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.301 | 0.84 | ["strategy", "management", "crisis", "war_conflict"] | 494 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849864 | [
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is quick and effective implementation of action. Resources and training are needed to foster readiness. Preparation is physical (resources, tools, trainings) leading to acquisition of knowledge, experiences, and skills. Preparation means to have a plan. Resilience is adapting/withstanding crises. Resilience is bouncing... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.4 | 0.842 | ["leadership", "crisis", "education"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849887 | [
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nd one that adequately takes account of the individual, the crisis team, and the organization ( Jin et al., 2024a ). As the authors suggest, “Training and preparedness are not enough to optimally manage a crisis, but with readiness, optimal solutions to crises can be employed” (p. 11). The exploratory research conducte... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.4 | 0.87 | ["crisis", "management"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849910 | [
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create the appropriate antecedent conditions for readiness, and a consideration of preparedness as a foundation for readiness. This expanding research on this topic positions readiness as a potential new overarching framework that might help to support crisis leadership efforts during episodes of increased scale, scope... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.4 | 0.848 | ["leadership", "crisis"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849932 | [
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ervasive and ubiquitous phenomenon ( Perrow, 1984 ). The preliminary research on readiness raises a number of central characteristics for leaders to consider. These practices include a commitment to the following: Prepare relevant plans, resources, and organizational capabilities. Demonstrate emotional leadership, tran... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.307 | 0.824 | ["leadership", "philosophy"] | 469 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849954 | [
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from the potential negative effect of stressors. Maintain awareness of the issues central to public and media debate. Assess the organization’s commitment to crisis management, including access to needed resources and adequate preparation. Furthermore, as depicted in the next section, more can be done to explore the re... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.85 | ["philosophy", "leadership", "management", "crisis", "networking"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849975 | [
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during, and following moments of organizational crisis through communication. 3.2. Resilience As defined at the outset of this article, the act of resilience refers to the ability of an individual, organization, or community to adapt, survive, and thrive through uncertainty, adversity, and change. Resilience is a state... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.905 | 0.846 | ["crisis", "communication"] | 478 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.849997 | [
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respond to, and recover from a myriad of crises. Preparedness and resilience both remain critical in promoting readiness ( Jin et al., 2024a , 2024b ), and in describing resilience as a capacity, Jin et al. ( 2024a ) go on to note that “Readiness not only exhibits a desire to engage in preparation; it also demonstrates... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.896 | 0.87 | ["communication", "motivation"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850019 | [
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rganizational phenomenon ( Raetze et al., 2022 ). Communicative theorizing on resilience focuses on the process of resilience—as a collaborative exchange that is constituted through communicative interactions for which people prepare, continuously learn to enact, and engage strategically ( Buzzanell, 2010 , 2018 ). The... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.296 | 0.844 | ["strategy", "economy"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850041 | [
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positioned at some points than others)” (p. 481). According to this theory, resilience is cultivated communicatively and often collectively through the enactment of five sub-processes: crafting a new normalcy; affirming or anchoring important identities during difficult times; using and/or maintaining salient communica... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.834 | ["communication", "crisis", "networking"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850063 | [
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uctive action while backgrounding unproductive behaviors or negative feelings ( Buzzanell, 2010 , 2018 ; Buzzanell & Houston, 2018 ). Indeed, as explored more fully in a new handbook on the topic, resilience is a “dynamic, communicative process that unfolds across personal, relational, organizational, and societal leve... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.686 | 0.828 | ["communication"] | 432 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850084 | [
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ntered view of resilience further, Barbour et al. ( 2018 ) describe how the “organizations and interorganizational systems upon which we depend to keep us safe in a risky world rely on communication” (p. 154). As the authors go on to describe, “Communication choices made in day-to-day work have important implications d... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.695 | 0.848 | ["communication", "decision_making", "philosophy"] | 474 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850105 | [
0.0015535297570750117,
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liability, resilience, and safety take” (p. 155). Communication patterns and practices play a critical role in shaping how resilience is nurtured and manifested during crisis response and recovery ( Gigliotti, 2025 ). The communicative enactment of resilience has the potential to play out during each phase of a crisis—... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.862 | ["crisis", "communication"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850164 | [
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sense of loss and disrupt people’s lives ( Buzzanell, 2010 , 2018 ), and in cultivating, recognizing, and restoring systems of resilience during the return to stability or normalcy. Drawing upon the existing literature, we view resilience as a collective, organizational, and communicative phenomenon. One of the ways in... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.689 | 0.834 | ["leadership", "communication"] | 444 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850198 | [
0.07813188433647156,
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g of narratives in their workplace communication. These narratives take on an important meaning-making function during crises that are marked by uncertainty and ambiguity. As Seeger and Sellnow ( 2016 ) write, The lack of clarity and the existence of a communication vacuum and meaning deficit of a crisis create a discu... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.862 | ["communication", "crisis", "war_conflict", "philosophy"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850231 | [
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recovery, and risk form the basis for a larger structure of sense making and meaning woven around large-scale disasters and crises. (p. 8) These narratives and messages invoked in the midst and aftermath of crisis help to reduce uncertainty and encode meaning in events that are often senseless. One of these types of na... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.866 | ["crisis", "philosophy"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850261 | [
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isis has created severe disruption to a region, community, or organization. Often basic elements of the establishment have been swept away and components of order and organization, including people, processes, and structures, are gone or no longer function as they have in the past” (p. 81). These narratives have the po... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.868 | ["leadership", "ethics", "education"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850292 | [
0.05491701886057854,
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and as a desired outcome from a crisis” (p. 88). As the authors go on to note, “renewal narratives can help to facilitate self-organization and the development of stronger, more effective, and more resilient organizations, communities, and systems” (p. 92). 3.3. Resilient Leadership The resilience of the individual lea... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.32 | 0.68 | ["leadership", "crisis"] | 427 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850323 | [
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on by shaping the responses of those around them. Research has shown that the resilience of a leader has “crossover” effects ( Fan et al., 2020 ) and a “contagion” process ( Lin & Liao, 2020 ) whereby organizational members can adopt the thoughts, beliefs, and actions of their leaders when facing uncertainty, challenge... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.4 | 0.866 | ["leadership", "crisis"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850352 | [
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t most were closely tied to leadership practices. They discovered that “poor leadership appears to be a much more significant factor leading to low institutional effectiveness than the amount of resources available” (p. 81). They concluded that having adequate amounts of people, funding, and tools did not make a differ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.862 | ["leadership"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850380 | [
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ility of the world around them ( Seville, 2018 ). During difficult times, leaders should focus on what they can control in terms of resource allocation and support mechanisms ( Fan et al., 2020 ). External threats can increase group cohesiveness and pressures for uniformity ( Staw et al., 1981 ). Leaders can capitalize... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.876 | ["leadership", "crisis", "war_conflict", "philosophy"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850415 | [
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eriencing organizational decline ( Moran, 2016 ). These early studies revealed a tendency to respond to threats with rigidity, often leading to behaviors such as narrowed focus, oversimplification of information, and a reliance on familiar approaches over creative solutions. Resilient leaders broaden information channe... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.895 | 0.84 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "communication", "strategy", "innovation"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850445 | [
0.04063676670193672,
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tricted, only good news is passed upward, and information sharing is attenuated. The emergence of organized, vocal, special-interest groups increases the levels of politicking and conflict among organization members, so employee morale suffers” ( Cameron & Smart, 1998, p. 71 ). The third resilient leadership practice, ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.86 | ["leadership", "war_conflict", "ethics", "philosophy"] | 507 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850478 | [
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20 ; Lin & Liao, 2020 ; Southwick et al., 2017 ). The words, actions, and emotions of a leader can have a “contagion” effect ( Fan et al., 2020 ) whereby employees adopt the behaviors demonstrated by the leader during the critical incident. Additionally, as detailed in the fourth resilient leadership practice, encourag... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.295 | 0.856 | ["leadership", "crisis"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850507 | [
0.035161636769771576,
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productive and healthy ways to manage adversity, challenge, and change. Such actions include offering or directing employees to resilience skill-building experiences ( Whitmer & Mellinter, 2016 ; Seville, 2018 ). In her analysis of communications issued by 38 university presidents in response to the Israel–Palestine co... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.9 | 0.842 | ["crisis", "leadership", "communication", "war_conflict", "education"] | 499 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850537 | [
0.08821237832307816,
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hile avoiding entanglement in public controversy. She noted that the choice to abstain from public comments—or the decision to offer a generic response to the matter—was perceived by others as lacking in compassion. At the same time, some presidents who made statements condemning the violence were perceived as biased o... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.854 | ["decision_making", "leadership", "communication", "crisis", "war_conflict"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850570 | [
0.014789478853344917,
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tical role of workplace communication in their ability to do so effectively. As detailed in the fifth resilient leadership practice, demonstrating integrity and trustworthiness is critical to establishing mutual trust and respect. Crisis situations often require rapid responses to changing dynamics and quick decision-m... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.694 | 0.828 | ["leadership", "decision_making", "communication", "ethics", "crisis"] | 469 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850602 | [
0.0084310881793499,
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hat are in the best interest of the organization. These three intersecting areas of research—risk and crisis communication and readiness, resilience, and resilient leadership—highlight the deep interconnections among them. The complexity of contemporary crises, coupled with the mission-driven focus of affected organiza... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.895 | 0.836 | ["leadership", "communication", "crisis", "networking", "rhetoric"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850634 | [
0.05706058815121651,
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a deeper exploration of how leaders may employ resilience narratives as a form of workplace communication to strengthen collective preparedness for future crises. 3.4. Theory Dialogue As the above sections illustrate, leadership communication takes on a heightened significance during times of crisis—moments that are of... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.687 | 0.818 | ["leadership", "communication", "philosophy", "crisis", "rhetoric"] | 433 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850665 | [
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wide range of emotions among impacted audiences. Communication during times of disruption and in the aftermath of these events can help to shape leadership perceptions and the sense of well-being, safety, and security of those impacted by a crisis. As leaders respond to these critical incidents, their communication dir... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.691 | 0.84 | ["leadership", "communication", "crisis"] | 453 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850692 | [
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ok ahead to where the organization might go next. Therefore, communication during crisis can help to bolster collective resilience in responding to contemporary crises and strengthen the readiness of the community in peering ahead to future crises. For these reasons, the intersecting themes around crisis communication ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.695 | 0.834 | ["crisis", "leadership", "communication", "education", "philosophy"] | 477 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850725 | [
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ng a theoretical base for this exploratory study. By exploring and analyzing these public artifacts of workplace communication, we gain a glimpse into the ways in which leaders demonstrate preparedness and encourage collective resilience both during and following times of organizational disruption. As Liu et al. ( 2023... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.694 | 0.84 | ["leadership", "communication", "strategy", "ethics", "education"] | 469 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850755 | [
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ader’s values, vision, character, and conscience. It is the vehicle through which they transmit who they are and what they want to their followers and other stakeholders. In turn, it influences those stakeholders’ moods, beliefs, motivations, actions, behavior, and performance. In aggregate, this can affect outcomes fo... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.848 | ["communication", "leadership", "strategy", "motivation", "ethics"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850788 | [
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ng acts of crisis, can contribute to our understanding of leadership effectiveness, leader–follower relationships, and the broader organizational outcomes related to readiness and resilience that might result from these visible moments of public leadership. 4. Methodology We engaged in a multi-phased approach to this e... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.988 | 0.824 | ["leadership", "education", "communication", "crisis", "networking"] | 440 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850818 | [
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elivered by a sample of higher education leaders. These formal examples of workplace communication consisted of welcome addresses, commencement speeches, and public addresses. All included references to organizational and broader societal challenges. We focused on examples of public communication that directly or indir... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.838 | ["communication", "leadership", "crisis", "education", "philosophy"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850847 | [
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izational leaders promoted readiness and resilience. These data were analyzed via an open coding process, beginning first with an identification of resilience-related messages in these public addresses, followed by a constant comparative method ( Charmaz, 2006 ) to investigate relationships among and patterns across th... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.295 | 0.846 | ["leadership", "communication", "networking"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850874 | [
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, we integrated central findings from the literature on crisis readiness, resilient leadership, and crisis and risk communication in the design of a preliminary rubric. We used the rubric to help evaluate the various communications identified in our initial analysis, recognizing that some of the criteria were more easi... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.895 | 0.702 | ["leadership", "communication", "crisis"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850905 | [
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cal incidents that preceded or followed these public statements. Importantly, the items depicted in this rubric rely on subjective interpretation of the text, and as the rubric may be applied to other examples of public communication, developing a more robust sampling strategy and engaging in thorough reliability testi... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.852 | ["communication", "strategy"] | 505 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850936 | [
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h of the following evidence-based practices: 4.1. Resilient Leadership ( Fan et al., 2020 ; Lin & Liao, 2020 ; Southwick et al., 2017 ) Maintain a focus on the mission and vision. Foster connection and cohesion of people. Model positive emotions (optimism) and a realistic outlook. Encourage healthy coping mechanisms (f... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.698 | ["leadership", "strategy", "ethics", "crisis", "networking"] | 508 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850965 | [
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o needed resources and adequate preparation. 4.3. Crisis and Risk Communication ( Seeger, 2006 ) Engage in pre-crisis planning (plan pre-event logistics, coordinate networks, and accept uncertainty). Model proactive strategies (form partnerships, listen to public concern, and be open and honest). Demonstrate a strategi... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.68 | ["communication", "crisis", "strategy", "networking", "philosophy"] | 498 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.850998 | [
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n. Continuously evaluate and update crisis plans. For each of the statements included in our sample, one of the researchers applied a rating based on the following criteria: 3—Sample fully meets the best practice 2—Sample partially meets the best practice 1—Sample minimally meets the best practice 0—Sample does not mee... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.4 | 0.856 | ["crisis", "leadership"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851026 | [
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iness and resilience in these public artifacts of workplace communication. The introductory items included in the rubric also allowed for an analysis of the initial sample speeches in a way that connected back to the central concepts identified in the existing literature. Furthermore, in response to the guiding researc... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 1 | 0.852 | ["leadership", "communication", "crisis", "rhetoric"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851056 | [
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is readiness in a volatile environment, while also fostering a resilience mindset during times of disruption and urgency. 5. Findings The qualitative analysis of the statements made by executive leaders in our sample led to the emergence of several dominant practices of effective leaders: (a) they tapped into their own... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.295 | 0.856 | ["leadership"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851087 | [
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eactive and anticipatory ( Wilson et al., 2021 ). Furthermore, by inviting others to reflect upon and engage in the ongoing work of resilience, these resilience narratives serve an important function in helping to bolster a crisis readiness mindset in preparing for the challenges, setbacks, and disruptions that might l... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.856 | ["crisis", "leadership"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851116 | [
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eant to be feared but to be hurdled and overcome. So as you stand on the brink of a new chapter in your lives, it’s important to reflect not just on the academic knowledge you’ve gained from your Rice degree but also on the profound lessons you’ve learned beyond the textbooks and outside of the lecture halls. Throughou... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.399 | 0.866 | ["education"] | 493 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851144 | [
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s about life itself and hopefully about yourself. You’ve encountered a myriad of situations that have tested your resolve, set you back, challenged your perceptions and pushed you beyond your comfort zones. Whether it was tackling a difficult assignment, navigating through personal struggles or grappling with uncertain... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.85 | ["crisis", "education"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851171 | [
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ate University President, John Thrasher, in his 2020 State of the University address: This pandemic has reinforced many of the things I already knew about the people of this university: that we are strong, we are tenacious, and we are resilient. When history looks back on this moment in time, it will see us at our fine... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.726 | ["education", "communication", "crisis"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851199 | [
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e, and the tragic loss of students to hazing, gun violence and traffic crashes—all have prepared us to respond to the pandemic. Finally, in one of his bi-weekly messages as interim president of Case Western University, Scott Cowen—someone quite familiar with leading during crisis, having served as president of Tulane U... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.71 | ["education", "leadership", "crisis"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851229 | [
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re as interim president, I have been reflecting on what it will take for us to emerge better from the pandemic and social unrest across the country. I keep coming back to one word: resilience. The ability to overcome adverse situations, to rebound from hardship, and to adapt in order to move forward are what make us re... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.872 | ["education", "war_conflict"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851257 | [
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o my 16-year tenure as Tulane University’s president—and a key takeaway from that experience is that in order to not just survive but to learn and grow, one has to be resilient. When bad things happen, resilience allows us to not see ourselves as victims but instead focus on what we can control and take charge. In earl... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.296 | 0.872 | ["education", "decision_making", "governance"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851289 | [
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al government that the institution was failing to protect Jewish students from antisemitic actions. He described their actions to “maintain our tradition as a safe and universally welcoming place to study, work, and live,” focusing specifically on issues related to communication, safety, law enforcement, resources and ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.686 | 0.828 | ["governance", "communication", "ethics", "education"] | 431 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851318 | [
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ing to preserve the integrity of the institution. He did not shy away from the allegations, but rather he defended the institution. 5.2. Facing Uncertainty with Determination The second emergent theme to surface from these public communications included an invitation to face uncertainty with determination, noting the s... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.7 | 0.85 | ["communication", "education", "ethics", "crisis"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851350 | [
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y, President Gregory Crawford acknowledged the following: “With dedication, perseverance, and confidence, we are empowering ourselves to meet the needs of our time.” Writing about the impact of the pandemic on the institution, he noted that “we will undergo—not only a recovery—but a renaissance that advances our missio... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.86 | ["education", "philosophy"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851381 | [
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versity, Sacramento, Robert Nelson, in his 2021 Fall address. With a nod to Bruce Springsteen’s “The Rising,” Nelson invoked the following lyrics in his introductory remarks: “Can’t see nothing in front of me. Can’t see nothing coming up behind. Make my way through this darkness. I can’t feel nothing but this chain tha... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.874 | ["communication"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851409 | [
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ty posed by the pandemic in the period to follow. In May 2025, UVA President Jim Ryan spoke to the alumni at Reunions weekend about the challenges that UVA and higher education were facing. He courageously described the funding cuts, policies related to international students, and prohibitions on DEI programs. He said,... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.87 | ["education", "crisis"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851437 | [
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de an inspiring picture of a resilient organization, ready to withstand the forces of change in front of it. He celebrated the achievements of the institution and provided an honest but encouraging outlook: “We are also not completely insulated by the world outside of Charlottesville. And there may be difficult choices... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.864 | ["decision_making", "crisis"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851465 | [
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sident Ryan announced his resignation after the Department of Justice alleged that UVA had not fully dismantled their DEI programs. In his farewell statement, Ryan acknowledged the following: “We have faced some extraordinary challenges over the last seven years. We made it through and were able to thrive because we pr... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.87 | ["crisis", "social_justice", "education", "philosophy"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851494 | [
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ar, destruction, and uncertainty posed by crises. This act of resilience could help to position the organization and its members in a way that allows for the forging of a new path. In her inauguration address, former president of Harvard University, Claudine Gay, suggests the following: Not four hundred yards from wher... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.86 | ["education", "communication", "philosophy"] | 508 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851524 | [
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property of the president of Harvard University. My story is not their story. I am a daughter of Haitian immigrants to this country. But our stories—and the stories of the many trailblazers between us—are linked by this institution’s long history of exclusion and the long journey of resistance and resilience to overcom... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.868 | ["education"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851558 | [
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nt future, I stand before you on this stage—in this distinguished company and magnificent theatre, at this moment of challenge in our nation and in the world, with the weight and honor of being a ‘first’—able to say, ‘I am Claudine Gay, the president of Harvard University.’ Their courage, that courage, is what I want t... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.878 | ["education", "ethics", "crisis"] | 501 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851590 | [
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a better one. It is what Harvard was made to do. Gay went on to pose the following questions to the Harvard community: “What we offer to the world will depend on Harvard’s courage—our courage—to ask two questions that propel our work—Why? and Why not? And it will depend on the courage to answer, with confidence, two ot... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.1 | 0.878 | [] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851616 | [
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rsonal attacks and threats fueled by racial animus.” Two years after Gay’s departure, her successor faced new challenges in a public standoff with the new federal administration. In an April 2025 letter to the Harvard community, President Alan Garber underscored the value of Harvard’s research, condemned government ove... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.295 | 0.858 | ["crisis", "governance"] | 512 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851648 | [
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of open inquiry on our campus; develop the tools, skills, and practices needed to engage constructively with one another; and broaden the intellectual and viewpoint diversity within our community; affirm the rights and responsibilities we share; respect free speech and dissent while also ensuring that protest occurs in... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.4 | 0.706 | ["social_justice", "education", "rhetoric"] | 511 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851680 | [
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inary processes; and work together to find ways, consistent with law, to foster and support a vibrant community that exemplifies, respects, and embraces difference.” Garber’s communication here displays strength, determination, and coura | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12467728/ | The Role of Leadership Communication in Building Crisis Readiness and Resilient Leadership in Times of Disruption: An Exploratory Study - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.647 | 0.764 | ["communication", "governance"] | 237 | Communication | topic | 2026-03-18T22:41:57.851709 | [
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