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Full text links Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Abstract The fact that organizations face increasing complexity, crises and adverse events requires corporate leaders to respond rapidly and continuously while maintaining their wellbeing and high performance. Psychological resilience is c...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41058903/
Psychological resilience training for leaders in extreme times
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2026-04-10T05:24:38.825968
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ers learn to anticipate, cope with, and learn from crises and adversities. This protocol describes a randomized controlled study that examines the dynamics and impact of resilience training focusing both on self-leadership development (psychological resilience) for leading oneself and on leadership development for lead...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41058903/
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le for leading organizational functions or units. The intervention group will receive resilience training, while the control group will be offered modified training post-intervention. The flexible intervention, grounded in applied positive psychology and cognitive interventions, will be longitudinal, incorporating expe...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41058903/
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educated Human Resource (HR) resilience trainers. Leaders will participate in 20 weekly and collective "resilience-sprints" during extreme times. Primary outcomes will be measured at three time points: before, during, and after the intervention to evaluate effects and explore resilience pathways. Continuous evaluations...
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l influences and dynamics of resilience building. The study integrates individual and organizational factors into a psychosocial resilience intervention designed as a comprehensive leader training program. The study protocol directs a study that aims to enhance empirical understanding of building leader resilience in e...
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search in Management, HRM, and resilience fields. Ultimately, the study aim to help leaders face, cope, and adapt effectively by learning from experiences with the complexities of adverse and pressured organizational contexts. Keywords: building resilience; leader resilience; leadership development; leaders’ resilience...
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ing. Copyright © 2025 Hersom, Knoop and Justesen. PubMed Disclaimer Conflict of interest statement The authors declare that this study received funding from participant organizations and Implement Consulting Group for project support (developing and producing all materials). Implement Consulting Group’s professional da...
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odes, to be analyzed by an external statistician. The funders were not involved in the study design, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this article, or the decision to submit it for publication. Figures Figure 1 Main components of the foundational… Figure 1 Main components of the foundational leader resi...
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adapted with permission from Britt et al. (2016). Figure 2 Overall framework for the leader… Figure 2 Overall framework for the leader resilience intervention. Figure 2 Overall framework for the leader resilience intervention. Figure 3 CONSORT flow diagram for attrition. Figure 3 CONSORT flow diagram for attrition. Fig...
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PMC References Alsalamah A., Callinan C. (2022). The kirkpatrick model for training evaluation: bibliometric analysis after 60 years (1959–2020). Ind. Commer. Train. 54, 36–63. doi: 10.1108/ICT-12-2020-0115 - DOI Andrich D., Sheridan B., Luo G. (2009). RUMM2030: Rasch unidimensional models for measurement. Perth, Weste...
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W., De Boer M. R., Van Der Klink J. J. L. (2014). Process evaluation of a problem solving intervention to prevent recurrent sickness absence in workers with common mental disorders. Soc. Sci. Med. 100, 123–132. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.10.041, PMID: - DOI - PubMed Beaton D., Bombardier C., Guillemin F., Ferraz M. ...
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, Ontario: Institute for Work & Health Beck A. T. (1989). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. London: Penguin. Show all 103 references LinkOut - more resources Full Text Sources Frontiers Media SA PubMed Central
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Cite Display options Display options Format Abstract PubMed PMID Abstract Political, economic, and social unrest and uncertainty seem replete throughout the world. Within the United States, political vitriol and economic volatility have led to severe economic restrictions. Both government and private sector organizatio...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24558699/
Resilient leadership and the organizational culture of resilience: construct validation - PubMed
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ffecting budget allocations and hiring practices. If ever there was a time when a "resilient culture" was needed, it is now. In this paper we shall discuss the application of "tipping point" theory (Gladwell, 2000) operationalized through a special form of leadership: "resilient leadership" (Everly, Strouse, Everly, 20...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24558699/
Resilient leadership and the organizational culture of resilience: construct validation - PubMed
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menting an initial change within no more than 20% of an organization's workforce. It is expected that such a minority, if chosen correctly, will "tip" the rest of the organization toward enhanced resilience, ideally creating a self-sustaining culture of resilience. This paper reports on the empirical foundations and co...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24558699/
Resilient leadership and the organizational culture of resilience: construct validation - PubMed
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Actions Search in PubMed Search in MeSH Add to Search Leadership* Actions Search in PubMed Search in MeSH Add to Search Organizational Culture Actions Search in PubMed Search in MeSH Add to Search Resilience, Psychological* Actions Search in PubMed Search in MeSH Add to Search
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24558699/
Resilient leadership and the organizational culture of resilience: construct validation - PubMed
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Int J Environ Res Public Health . 2022 Sep 19;19(18):11799. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191811799 Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective Tai-Ming Wut Tai-Ming Wut 1 College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Ho...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China Find articles by Stephanie-Wing Lee 1 , Jing (Bill) Xu Jing (Bill) Xu 1 College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China Find articles by Jing (Bill) Xu 1 Editor: Paul B Tchounwou 1 Author information Article ...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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hina * Correspondence: edmund.wut@cpce-polyu.edu.hk Roles Paul B Tchounwou : Academic Editor Received 2022 Aug 27; Accepted 2022 Sep 16; Collection date 2022 Sep. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the of the Creative Commons Attribution (...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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ganizational resilience is important in an era of the new normal after COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of organizational resilience and psychological resilience on perceived well-being and employee resilience in the workplace from the internal stakeholder perspective. A new research framewo...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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es from 115 employees from various organizations. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. Organizational resilience is associated with perceived well-being and employee resilience. Psychological resilience is associated with perceived well-being and employee resilience. Employee resilience and percei...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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utions and managerial implications are discussed. Keywords: organizational resilience, employee resilience, psychological resilience, perceived well-being, work engagement, internal stakeholder 1. Introduction Geopolitical threats, new technology, changing demographics, and de-globalization are recent top consideration...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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ions need to be more flexible and creative [ 1 ]. When examining organizational resilience, the interaction between organization and environment must be investigated. Similarly, research on employee resilience is not complete without studying organization resilience and external threats. We must be prepared for the new...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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ng social distance for at least a few more years. The question is, how can employee resilience and work engagement be sustained in the workplace? Organizational resilience has a unique role in employee resilience and work engagement [ 2 ]. Previous research findings indicate that learning organization is associated wit...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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y adapts to a rapidly changing environment [ 3 ]. Despite this, few studies have examined how organization resilience facilitates employee work engagement in the workplace. To address this research gap, the purpose of our study was to examine the effect of organizational resilience and psychological resilience on perce...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.291665
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o be a main determinant of corporate performance. Thus, there is an urgent need for our research. A cross-sectional research design was employed in this study and target respondents were employees in the workplace. Our results showed how psychological resilience and organization resilience affected work engagement. The...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.291763
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d in the literature review section ( Section 2 ). Section 3 concerns the development of research hypotheses, while Section 4 regards the methodology used and the data collection. Our results are presented and discussed in Section 5 , while Section 6 concludes our study. 2. Literature Review 2.1. Resilience According to...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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recover quickly from difficult conditions” [ 4 ]. The term is also expressed as “encompassing positive adaptation within the context of significant adversity” [ 5 ] (p. 543). Sources of resilience come from personal factors and environmental factors. Personality traits, emotions, and adaptability are examples of person...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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peers was found to be associated with resilience. Good education, community services, sports opportunities, and cultural factors were the environments affecting resilience [ 6 , 7 ]. Our conceptual framework is adapted from Herrman et al.’s [ 6 ] notion of employee resilience. Psychological resilience is an internal fa...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.291974
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al environmental factor relative to the employee. These two factors contribute to employee resilience which leads to employees’ work engagement. The basic research model is listed as follows ( Figure 1 ): Figure 1. Open in a new tab Basic research model (Source: authors). 2.2. Psychological Resilience The definition of...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.292047
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ience and the consequence is positive adaptation. There is a range of adversity from personal work stress to intensive stress. One has to demonstrate their competence to cope with adversity [ 8 ]. Psychological resilience details a personal resource to adapt in adverse situations [ 9 ]. It has an important role in copi...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.292110
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nal trait and can be developed in one’s lifetime. Scholars define it as “the role of mental processes and behavior in promoting personal assets and protecting an individual from the potential negative effect of stressors” [ 8 ] (p. 16). According to the job demands–resources model, there is an association between job d...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.292179
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s a typical example of an internal resource. 2.3. Employee Resilience Resilience theory attempts to explain how people overcome negative events through adaptability and flexibility [ 11 ]. As mentioned above, psychological resilience is a personal trait. Employee resilience is defined by an employees’ ability to deal w...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.292242
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r such as psychological resilience ([ 12 ]). 2.4. Organizational Resilience There are various definitions of organizational resilience. Broadly speaking, the concept of organizational resilience is divided into two main domains: adaption and recovery, and anticipation of an organization [ 13 ]. Resilience is “a firm’s ...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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ruptive surprises that potentially threaten organization survival” [ 14 ] p. 244). Echoed by [ 15 ] (p. 61), resilience is “the capability to self-renew over time through innovation.” The second domain is planning and anticipation. Resilience is “the incremental capacity of an organization to anticipate and adjust to t...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.292407
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full-blown crisis or breakdown” [ 15 ] (p. 431). Organizational resilience is defined as “the ability to recover from adverse situation by managing existing company resources and capabilities [ 17 ] (p. 1219).” 2.5. Perceived Mental Well-Being As defined by [ 18 ], “Mental health is a state of well-being in which the i...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.292476
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make a contribution to his or her community” [ 18 ] (p. 2), which cannot exist alone, and is interdependent with physical and social functioning. The enduring political unrest in Hong Kong has brought about significant deterioration in people’s mental health, as supported by findings from a study showing that 41% of pa...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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individuals may be attributed to various factors. Firstly, they may have witnessed and/or may have been involved in the conflicts between protesters and the police [ 19 ]. Furthermore, another study indicated that during the Anti-Extradition Law Amendment Bill (Anti-ELAB) Movement, tertiary students who were exposed to...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.292683
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ch in turn was associated with depression [ 20 ]. A sharp surge in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms was observed, increasing from 5% to 32% in 2019 [ 21 ]. Secondly, family relationships worsened in cases where family members held conflicting political views, leading to compromised social support and ment...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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uch problems would seek professional help [ 21 ]. Thirdly, because of the socioeconomic downturn associated with COVID-19, people feel increasingly insecure in terms of safety and livelihood. 3. Development of Hypotheses Psychological resilience could enhance personal well-being [ 22 ]. This is because when one can fin...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.292848
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ed the mental well-being of students during COVID-19 by decreasing academic distress [ 23 ]. We propose that perceived mental health is important to workplace employees, particularly in the pandemic era. Hypothesis 1 (H1). Psychological resilience is associated with perceived well-being . Resilient individuals would be...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.292924
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apt to new environments and a changing workplace. This relationship is well-supported in the literature [ 12 ]. Thus, we proposed that psychological resilience is associated with employee resilience. Hypothesis 2 (H2). Psychological resilience is associated with employee resilience . The person-in-situation theory sugg...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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fected by the organization climate or atmosphere. Individual behaviors are based on the organizational context in which employees with more job security are more committed [ 24 ]. Organizations could provide employees with more resources to deal with the stress of uncertainty. Organization resilience is an example of a...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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us, we proposed the following: Hypothesis 3 (H3). Organizational resilience is associated with employee resilience . Hypothesis 4 (H4). Organizational resilience is associated with perceived well-being . Perceived well-being comprises “our emotional, psychological, and social well-being”. It affects how we think, feel,...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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andle stress, relate to others, and make choices. Mental health is important at every stage of life, from childhood and adolescence through adulthood” [ 25 ]. Thus, we proposed the following: Hypothesis 5 (H5). Perceived well-being is associated with employee resilience . When employees feel a better sense of well-bein...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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d well-being is associated with work engagement . When the organizations facilitate their employees to deal with risks or other uncertainties, employees are more involved in the workplace. As a result, work engagement increases. Hypothesis 7 (H7). Organizational resilience is associated with work engagement . Scholars ...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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mployees’ commitment to their work organizations. Not only are they expected to fulfill their work role but they are also required to complete their tasks within a short time with minimal costs [ 27 ]. Engaged employees are more inclined to form good work relationships and receive adequate social support [ 28 ]. A rela...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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fessional information technology staff was found. Researchers concluded that resilient employees have higher confidence at work [ 3 ]. In times of uncertainty, higher employee capability may lead to higher work engagement. Thus, we proposed the following: Hypothesis 8 (H8). Employee resilience is associated with work e...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.293432
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gical resilience had higher scores in work engagement [ 29 ]. Hypothesis 9 (H9). Psychological resilience is associated with work engagement . Our research model is shown in Figure 2 . Perceived mental well-being and employee resilience are hypothesized to be serial mediators in the relationship between organizational ...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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public_domain
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465
Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.293516
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rch model (Source: authors). Hypothesis 10 (H10). There is a mediation effect between organizational resilience and work engagement. Employee resilience and perceived mental well-being are mediators . Hypothesis 11 (H11). It is assumed that the mediation effect exists between psychological resilience and work engagemen...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
public_domain
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[]
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
topic
2026-04-10T05:24:39.293588
[ 0.06955720484256744, 0.034660860896110535, -0.021498240530490875, 0.04105975478887558, 0.09028129279613495, 0.10940635204315186, 0.02044825442135334, 0.0682632327079773, -0.0045952582731842995, -0.06036258488893509, 0.00024069816572591662, 0.04478180781006813, 0.10782819986343384, 0.003773...
h model were all sourced from established scales. Organizational resilience was measured using two dimensions: planned and adaptive resilience using thirteen items [ 30 ]. Survey items are listed in Appendix A . Organization resilience was assessed by how an organization plans and adjusts in response to adverse situati...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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public_domain
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449
Resilience Leading Through Adversity
topic
2026-04-10T05:24:39.293682
[ 0.10822094976902008, -0.005295589100569487, -0.04332296550273895, 0.06831692904233932, 0.016239503398537636, 0.04934076964855194, -0.06400913745164871, 0.055996451526880264, -0.028228165581822395, -0.038573287427425385, 0.03899352252483368, 0.0587419793009758, 0.06664125621318817, -0.03327...
resilience refers to preparation before a crisis. Adaptive resilience refers to leadership, linkages, and other abilities. Planned resilience and adaptive resilience measure leadership, creativeness, teamwork, and relationships [ 31 ]. There are six items in the Brief Resilience scale measuring psychological resilience...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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public_domain
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0.502
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.293758
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recover in response to adverse conditions [ 32 ]. There are seven items in measuring perceived mental health [ 34 ]. The short version of the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (SWEMWBS) [ 35 ] was adopted for its conciseness and reliability. The SWEMWBS contains 7 statements selected from the 14-item long versi...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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public_domain
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.293824
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strated in a validation study conducted in Norway and Sweden [ 34 ]. Work engagement was measured via the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-9), which is a 9-item scale with three dimensions of vigor, dedication, and absorption [ 26 ]. 4.2. Data Collection In 2022, an online survey was conducted with 115 employees fro...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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public_domain
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.293899
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logistics, hospitality, and education industries. Pilot test was conducted before the main survey to check whether people understood the questionnaire item wordings and meanings. All target respondents were working adults in Hong Kong. Of the total sample, 37.4% were male and 62.6% were female. Of the respondents, 35.7...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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public_domain
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.293975
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organizations with more than a hundred employees. More than half of the respondents worked in their existing organizations for less than five years and were in entry or supervisory levels. Most of the respondents worked in financial services, medical, education, and professional industries ( Table 1 ). Two-thirds of re...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.294047
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ncluding United States, United Kingdom, other European countries, China, and other Asian countries such as Singapore. Table 1. Demographic data of respondents. Category Frequency Percentage % Gender Male 43 37.4 Female 72 62.6 Age 18–30 41 35.7 31–40 28 24.3 41–50 30 26.1 51–60 13 11.3 61 or above 3 3.0 Size Less than ...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.294106
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months to less than 2 years 31 27 2 years to less than 5 years 32 27.8 5 years to less than 10 years 17 14.8 10 years or above 25 21.7 Level Entry 52 45.2 Supervisory 26 22.6 Middle management 23 20 Senior management 9 7.8 Director 5 4.3 Industry Tourism 2 1.7 Financial services 21 18.3 Trading and logistics 13 11.3 Co...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
topic
2026-04-10T05:24:39.294179
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al services 47 40.9 Cultural and creative 4 3.5 Others 14 12.2 Open in a new tab Partial least-squares structural equation modelling was adopted (PLS-SEM because the method does not assume normality in data distribution). The PLS method works well with small sample sizes while covariance-based structural equation model...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.294251
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nt, PLS-SEM was thus the preferred option [ 36 ]. Sample size requirement of minimum path coefficient from 0.21 to 0.3 at 5% significance level was 69. Sample size requirement of minimum path coefficient from 0.21 to 0.3 with 1% significance level was 112. Both sample size requirements were fulfilled by the current stu...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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public_domain
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431
Resilience Leading Through Adversity
topic
2026-04-10T05:24:39.294322
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s of the six constructs are depicted in Table 2 . Nearly all of the indicator loadings fulfilled the recommended minimum threshold of 0.708. One of the indicators for adaptive resilience had a loading of 0.6 and was thus omitted as it did not meet the minimum threshold. Five indicators had loadings close to the thresho...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
public_domain
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511
Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.294399
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recommended thresholds, with satisfactory to good results. All constructs had AVE measures ranging from 0.562 to 0.717, which exceeded the cut-off point of 0.50. In other words, approximately 60% to 70% of the variance of related items was explained by the constructs with satisfactory convergent validity. Lastly, all H...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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public_domain
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.294464
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reliable. Table 2. Measurement Model Assessment. Construct Item Loading Cronbach’s Alpha Composite Reliability AVE Psychological Resilience PR1 PR2 PR3 PR4 0.655 0.774 0.877 0.915 0.821 0.884 0.659 Employee Resilience ER1 ER2 ER3 ER4 ER5 ER6 ER7 0.777 0.841 0.851 0.805 0.816 0.663 0.826 0.905 0.925 0.638 Planned Resili...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
public_domain
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[]
511
Resilience Leading Through Adversity
topic
2026-04-10T05:24:39.294529
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Perceived Well-being WB1 WB2 WB3 WB4 WB5 WB6 WB7 0.734 0.864 0.631 0.834 0.691 0.692 0.774 0.868 0.899 0.562 Work Engagement WE1 WE2 WE3 WE4 WE5 WE6 WE7 WE8 WE9 0.859 0.878 0.934 0.823 0.763 0.874 0.903 0.776 0.792 0.950 0.958 0.717 Open in a new tab Table 3. Assessing Discriminant Validity (HTMT). Constructs 1 2 3 4 5...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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public_domain
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[]
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
topic
2026-04-10T05:24:39.294591
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. Perceived well-being 0.540 0.727 0.570 0.599 6. Work Engagement 0.586 0.634 0.566 0.309 0.676 Open in a new tab Organizational resilience was a second-order construct. The R-squared values of planned resilience and adaptive resilience were 0.872 and 0.870, respectively, both exceeded the threshold 0.50 of first-order...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.294663
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were 0.931, 0.799, and 0.871, respectively. 4.4. Structural Model The structural model demonstrated satisfactory results ( Figure 3 ). The adjusted R 2 values of employee resilience, perceived well-being, and work engagement were 0.505, 0.395, and 0.475, respectively, i.e., 39.5% to 50.5% of the variance was explained,...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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public_domain
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.294741
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ficients and t -values were calculated. Figure 3. Open in a new tab PLS model result. 5. Results and Discussion 5.1. Results of Hypotheses Testing Work engagement was the outcome of the conceptual model. Organization resilience and psychological resilience were the antecedents. Perceived well-being and employee resilie...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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public_domain
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.294927
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ere supported except hypothesis nine ( Table 4 ). The direct effect from psychological resilience to work engagement was not supported, i.e., the effects of psychological resilience through two mediators: perceived mental well-being and employee resilience on work engagement were not significant. Table 4. Results of hy...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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public_domain
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.295092
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003 <0.001 *** Supported H2 Psychological Resilience >> Employee Resilience 0.164 2.088 0.037 * Supported H3 Organization Resilience >> Employee Resilience 0.284 4.181 <0.001 *** Supported H4 Organization Resilience >> Perceived well-being 0.386 5.326 <0.000 *** Supported H5 Perceived well-being >> Employee Resilience ...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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public_domain
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.295220
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k Engagement 0.200 2.232 0.026 * Supported H8 Employee Resilience >> Work Engagement 0.289 2.400 0.016 * Supported H9 Psychological Resilience >> Work engagement −0.099 1.053 0.292 Unsupported Open in a new tab (Bootstrap samples = 5000, n = 115 cases) * p < 0.05; *** p < 0.001. Psychological resilience was associated ...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.295342
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sponse to the rapidly changing local business environment. This was expected since it has been more than two years since the COVID-19 outbreak started. Our results concur with those of a study conducted in Christchurch, 2016, for the two association (Hypotheses 1 and 2) [ 12 ]. Their target respondents were tourism org...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.295483
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ovide another angle on the proposed relationship. The strength of the relationship between psychological resilience and employee resilience is weaker compared to that found by Ref [ 12 ]. We proposed that employee resilience is also subject to the influence of organizational resilience. Organizational resilience was as...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.295616
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are all aware of the importance of organization resilience. Companies provided relevant resources, measures, and support such as flexible working hours or work from home arrangement during COVID-19. Unlike a sudden single event such as an earthquake, a pandemic situation becomes an issue for the employers or organizati...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.295732
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tudy provides empirical support for the argument. Employee resilience and perceived well-being were associated with work engagement. Similar results were obtained in a recent study [ 28 ]. Their findings indicate that the strength of a relationship is greater than the direct effect from organizational resilience. Compa...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.295803
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mployee resilience and perceived well-being. 5.2. Mediation Effect There was a partial mediation effect linking organization resilience and work engagement with perceived well-being as a mediator (Hypotheses 4 and 6). The direct effect of organization resilience on work engagement (Hypothesis 7) was significant, meanin...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.295879
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iator on the outcome variable of work engagement. Similarly, there was a partial mediation effect linking organization resilience and work engagement with employee resilience as a mediator (Hypotheses 3 and 8), indicating that employee resilience was also a partial mediator in this mediation analysis. Finally, perceive...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.295941
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is 4), association between perceived well-being and employee resilience (Hypothesis 5) and association between employee resilience and work engagement (Hypothesis 8) were significant. This is a typical example involving serial and parallel mediation, which the authors consider a complex mediation analysis involving two...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296002
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0 was supported with partial mediation. Figure 4. Open in a new tab Mediation Analysis model. There was a full mediation effect linking psychological resilience and work engagement. Parallel mediation effects were observed in our research model. First, the direct effect of psychological resilience and work engagement w...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296070
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eived well-being (Hypothesis 1) and association between perceived well-being and work engagement (Hypothesis 6) were significant. Third, when employee resilience was a mediator, the association between psychological resilience and employee resilience (Hypothesis 2) and association between employee resilience and work e...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296129
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ng and employee resilience were serial mediators. Moreover, the association between psychological resilience and perceived well-being (Hypothesis 1), association between perceived well-being and employee resilience (Hypothesis 5), and association between employee resilience and work engagement (Hypothesis 8) were signi...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296194
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s 11 was supported with full mediation. Figure 5. Open in a new tab Complex mediation model. 5.3. Theoretical Contributions This study bears several theoretical contributions. First, a basic conceptual framework of employee resilience was proposed using internal and external factors based on the research of Herrman et ...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296265
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s from the internal stakeholder and the employee. They know the organization situation very well and are probably affected most by organization policy. Second, we provided empirical evidence that supported the research model showing how organizational resilience and psychological resilience affect employee resilience t...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296340
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a combination of serial and parallel mediations. Starting variables are organizational resilience and psychological resilience, respectively. Work engagement is the final outcome variable. 5.4. Managerial Implications There are some practical implications. More measures need to be devised to enhance psychological resil...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296406
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employee resilience followed by work engagement. Recommended measures to strengthen organization resilience and enhance the mental health and resilience of employees include resource commitment, information flow, resource integration, local responsiveness, and flexibility of control. Resources are labor, material and f...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
public_domain
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296482
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n blocking increases the expenses of information. Companies work with business partners such as suppliers, regulators and competitors on the integration of resources. Local responsiveness and flexibility of control applies to the subsidiaries [ 37 ]. Similarly, measures could be implemented to enhance psychological res...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296555
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s activities and Yoga courses could be organized. Professional support and help from counsellors are to be sought on an on-demand basis [ 38 ]. 6. Conclusions The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of organizational resilience and psychological resilience on work engagement in the workplace. It was found ...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
public_domain
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Resilience Leading Through Adversity
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296627
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resilience on work engagement was insignificant. Organizational resilience and psychological resilience were associated with perceived well-being and employee resilience. Employee resilience and perceived well-being were associated with work engagement. Employee resilience and perceived well-being were found to be medi...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296698
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ical resilience affect employees’ work engagement. However, this study is not without limitations. First, this is a cross-sectional study and hence causality claims cannot be made. It would be more ideal to employ a longitudinal research design. Second, there may also be some other factors that affect work engagement s...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296764
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bles may be introduced in further research works. Finally, employers’ perspectives could be studied instead of employees’ perspectives. Appendix A Table A1. Modified survey items. Construct Name and Abbreviation Items Psychological Resilience (PR) I tend to bounce back quickly after hard times. I have a hard time makin...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296828
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ake a long time to get over set-backs in my life. Employee Resilience (ER) I successfully manage a high workload for long periods of time. I resolve crises competently at work. I learn from mistakes at work and improve the way I do my job. I re-evaluate my performance and continually improve the way I do my job. I effe...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296902
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use change at work as an opportunity for growth. Planned Resilience (P) Given how others depend on us, the way we plan for the unexpected is appropriate. Our organization is committed to practicing and testing its emergency plans to ensure they are effective. We have a focus on being able to respond to the unexpected. ...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.296973
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ommitted to working on a problem until it is resolved. Our organization maintains sufficient resources to absorb some unexpected change. If key people were unavailable, there are always others who could fill their role. There would be good leadership from within our organization if we were struck by a crisis. We are kn...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.297043
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useful I have been feeling relaxed I have been dealing with problems well I have been thinking clearly I have been feeling close to other people I have been able to make up my own mind about things Work Engagement (WE) At my work, I feel bursting with energy At my job, I feel strong and vigorous I am enthusiastic about...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.297110
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work that I do I am immersed in my work I get carried away when I am working Open in a new tab Author Contributions Conceptualization, T.-M.W.; methodology, T.-M.W.; software, J.X.; formal analysis, T.-M.W.; investigation, T.-M.W.; resources, S.-W.L. and J.X.; data curation, T.-M.W.; writing—original draft preparation,...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
public_domain
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488
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2026-04-10T05:24:39.297184
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greed to the published version of the manuscript. Institutional Review Board Statement This study was approved by the research committee of College of Professional and Continuing Education, RC/ETH/0053. Informed Consent Statement Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. Data Availability S...
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9517200/
Role of Organizational Resilience and Psychological Resilience in the Workplace—Internal Stakeholder Perspective - PMC
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rest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Funding Statement This research was partially funded by College of Professional and Continuing Education, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, BHM-2021-219(J). Footnotes Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and ins...
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