triplets list | passage stringlengths 0 32.9k | label stringlengths 4 48 ⌀ | label_id int64 0 1k ⌀ | synonyms list | __index_level_1__ int64 312 64.1k ⌀ | __index_level_0__ int64 0 2.4k ⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[
"Oxycodone",
"subject has role",
"opioid"
] | Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Oxycodone, a semi-synthetic opioid, is a highly selective full agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR). This is the main biological target of the endogenous opioid neuropeptide β-endorphin. Oxycodone has low affinity for the δ-opioid receptor (DOR) and the κ-opioid receptor (KOR), where it ... | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Oxycodone",
"discoverer or inventor",
"Edmund Speyer"
] | History
Martin Freund and (Jakob) Edmund Speyer of the University of Frankfurt in Germany published the first synthesis of oxycodone from thebaine in 1916. When Freund died, in 1920, Speyer wrote his obituary for the German Chemical Society. Speyer, born to a Jewish family in Frankfurt am Main in 1878, became a victim ... | discoverer or inventor | 110 | [
"discoverer",
"inventor",
"creator",
"pioneer",
"innovator"
] | null | null |
[
"Fentanyl",
"instance of",
"opioid"
] | Pharmacology
Classification
Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid in the phenylpiperidine family, which includes sufentanil, alfentanil, remifentanil, and carfentanil. Some fentanyl analogues, such as carfentanil, are up to 10,000 times stronger than morphine.Structure-activity
The structures of opioids share many similaritie... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Fentanyl",
"instance of",
"controlled substance"
] | Society and culture
Legal status
In the UK, fentanyl is classified as a controlled Class A drug under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971.In the Netherlands, fentanyl is a List I substance of the Opium Law.In the U.S., fentanyl is a Schedule II controlled substance per the Controlled Substance Act. Distributors of Abstral are... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Fentanyl",
"discoverer or inventor",
"Paul Janssen"
] | Janssen Method
The original synthesis as patented in 1964 by Dr. Paul Janssen involves synthesis of benzylfentanyl from N-Benzyl-4-Piperidone. The resulting benzylfentanyl is used as feedstock to norfentanyl. It is norfentanyl that forms the parent opioid upon reaction with phenethyl chloride. A portion of the Janssen ... | discoverer or inventor | 110 | [
"discoverer",
"inventor",
"creator",
"pioneer",
"innovator"
] | null | null |
[
"Fentanyl",
"subject has role",
"opioid receptor agonist"
] | Mechanism of action
Fentanyl, like other opioids, acts on opioid receptors. These receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors, which contain seven transmembrane portions, intracellular loops, extracellular loops, intracellular C-terminus, and extracellular N-terminus. The extracellular N-terminus is important in differen... | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Tramadol",
"instance of",
"chemical compound"
] | Synthesis and stereoisomerism
The chemical synthesis of tramadol is described in the literature. Tramadol [2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol] has two stereogenic centers at the cyclohexane ring. Thus, 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol may exist in four different configuration... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Tramadol",
"subject has role",
"opioid receptor agonist"
] | Pharmacology
Mechanism of action
Tramadol induces analgesic effects through a variety of different targets on the noradrenergic system, serotoninergic system and opioid receptors system. Tramadol exists as a racemic mixture, the positive enantiomer inhibits serotonin reuptake while the negative enantiomer inhibits nora... | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Tramadol",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | (1R,2R)-isomer
(1S,2S)-isomer
(1R,2S)-isomer
(1S,2R)-isomerThe synthetic pathway leads to the racemate (1:1 mixture) of (1R,2R)-isomer and the (1S,2S)-isomer as the main products. Minor amounts of the racemic mixture of the (1R,2S)-isomer and the (1S,2R)-isomer are formed as well. The isolation of the (1R,2R)-isomer an... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Buprenorphine",
"instance of",
"medication"
] | Buprenorphine is an opioid used to treat opioid use disorder, acute pain, and chronic pain. It can be used under the tongue (sublingual), in the cheek (buccal), by injection (intravenous and subcutaneous), as a skin patch (transdermal), or as an implant. For opioid use disorder, it is typically started when withdrawal ... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Buprenorphine",
"subject has role",
"opioid antagonist"
] | Buprenorphine is an opioid used to treat opioid use disorder, acute pain, and chronic pain. It can be used under the tongue (sublingual), in the cheek (buccal), by injection (intravenous and subcutaneous), as a skin patch (transdermal), or as an implant. For opioid use disorder, it is typically started when withdrawal ... | subject has role | 116 | [
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] | null | null |
[
"Dextromoramide",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Chemistry
Dextromoramide is the right-handed isomer of the moramide molecule. The left-handed molecule is called levomoramide, and a mixture of the two is called racemoramide. Its full chemical name is (+)-1-(3-Methyl-4-morpholino-2,2-diphenylbutyryl)pyrrolidine, and its molecular formula: C25H32N2O2, with an atomic ... | instance of | 5 | [
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] | null | null |
[
"Hydrocodone",
"has part(s)",
"nitrogen"
] | Structure
There are three important structures in hydrocodone: the amine group, which binds to the tertiary nitrogen binding site in the central nervous system's opioid receptor, the hydroxy group that binds to the anionic binding side, and the phenyl group which binds to the phenolic binding site. This triggers a G pr... | has part(s) | 19 | [
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"has components"
] | null | null |
[
"Piritramide",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Piritramide(R-3365, trade names Dipidolor, Piridolan, Pirium and others) is a synthetic opioid analgesic (narcotic painkiller) that is marketed in certain European countries including: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Germany and the Netherlands. It comes in free form, is about 0.75x times as potent as morp... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Piritramide",
"instance of",
"chemical compound"
] | Piritramide(R-3365, trade names Dipidolor, Piridolan, Pirium and others) is a synthetic opioid analgesic (narcotic painkiller) that is marketed in certain European countries including: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Germany and the Netherlands. It comes in free form, is about 0.75x times as potent as morp... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
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] | null | null |
[
"Piritramide",
"subject has role",
"narcotic"
] | Piritramide(R-3365, trade names Dipidolor, Piridolan, Pirium and others) is a synthetic opioid analgesic (narcotic painkiller) that is marketed in certain European countries including: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Germany and the Netherlands. It comes in free form, is about 0.75x times as potent as morp... | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
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"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Piritramide",
"subject has role",
"opioid"
] | Piritramide(R-3365, trade names Dipidolor, Piridolan, Pirium and others) is a synthetic opioid analgesic (narcotic painkiller) that is marketed in certain European countries including: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Germany and the Netherlands. It comes in free form, is about 0.75x times as potent as morp... | subject has role | 116 | [
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] | null | null |
[
"Sufentanil",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Sufentanil, sold under the brand names Dsuvia and Sufenta, is a synthetic opioid analgesic drug approximately 5 to 10 times as potent as its parent drug, fentanyl, and 500 times as potent as morphine. Structurally, sufentanil differs from fentanyl through the addition of a methoxymethyl group on the piperidine ring (w... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Sufentanil",
"instance of",
"medication"
] | Medical uses
The main use of this medication is in operating suites and critical care where pain relief is required for a short period of time. It also offers properties of sedation and this makes it a good analgesic component of anesthetic regimen during an operation.Because of its extremely high potency, it is often ... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
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[
"Sufentanil",
"subject has role",
"narcotic"
] | Medical uses
The main use of this medication is in operating suites and critical care where pain relief is required for a short period of time. It also offers properties of sedation and this makes it a good analgesic component of anesthetic regimen during an operation.Because of its extremely high potency, it is often ... | subject has role | 116 | [
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] | null | null |
[
"Phenibut",
"instance of",
"chemical compound"
] | Society and culture
Other names
Alternate spellings include fenibut and phenybut. It is also sometimes referred to as aminophenylbutyric acid. The word phenibut is a contraction of the chemical name of the drug, β-phenyl-γ-aminobutyric acid. In early publications, phenibut was referred to as fenigam and phenigama. The ... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Phenibut",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Chemistry
Phenibut is a synthetic aromatic amino acid. It is a chiral molecule and thus has two potential configurations, as (R)- and (S)-enantiomers.Structure and analogues
Phenibut is a derivative of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA. Hence, it is a GABA analogue. Phenibut is specifically the analogue of GABA with... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Oxymorphone",
"instance of",
"chemical compound"
] | Oxymorphone (sold under the brand names Numorphan and Opana among others) is a highly potent opioid analgesic indicated for treatment of severe pain. Pain relief after injection begins after about 5–10 minutes, after oral administration it begins after about 30 minutes, and lasts about 3–4 hours for immediate-release t... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Oxymorphone",
"subject has role",
"opioid receptor agonist"
] | Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Oxymorphone elicits its effects by binding to and activating the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) and, to a much lesser extent, the δ-opioid receptor (DOR) and κ-opioid receptor (KOR). Its activity at the DOR may augment its action at the MOR. Oxymorphone is 10 times more potent than morphine. The ... | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Oxymorphone",
"subject has role",
"opioid"
] | Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Oxymorphone elicits its effects by binding to and activating the μ-opioid receptor (MOR) and, to a much lesser extent, the δ-opioid receptor (DOR) and κ-opioid receptor (KOR). Its activity at the DOR may augment its action at the MOR. Oxymorphone is 10 times more potent than morphine. The ... | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Ethylmorphine",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Ethylmorphine (also known as codethyline, dionine, and ethyl morphine) is an opioid analgesic and antitussive.Side effects
Adverse effects are similar to other opioids and include drowsiness, constipation, vertigo, nausea, vomiting, and respiratory depression. Contraindications include asthma, respiratory insufficiency... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Ethylmorphine",
"subject has role",
"opioid"
] | Ethylmorphine (also known as codethyline, dionine, and ethyl morphine) is an opioid analgesic and antitussive.Side effects
Adverse effects are similar to other opioids and include drowsiness, constipation, vertigo, nausea, vomiting, and respiratory depression. Contraindications include asthma, respiratory insufficiency... | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Ethylmorphine",
"subject has role",
"antitussive"
] | Ethylmorphine (also known as codethyline, dionine, and ethyl morphine) is an opioid analgesic and antitussive. | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Dextropropoxyphene",
"instance of",
"chemical compound"
] | Dextropropoxyphene is an analgesic in the opioid category, patented in 1955 and manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company. It is an optical isomer of levopropoxyphene. It is intended to treat mild pain and also has antitussive (cough suppressant) and local anaesthetic effects. The drug has been taken off the market in Eur... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Dextropropoxyphene",
"instance of",
"medication"
] | Dextropropoxyphene is an analgesic in the opioid category, patented in 1955 and manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company. It is an optical isomer of levopropoxyphene. It is intended to treat mild pain and also has antitussive (cough suppressant) and local anaesthetic effects. The drug has been taken off the market in Eur... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Dextropropoxyphene",
"subject has role",
"opioid"
] | Dextropropoxyphene is an analgesic in the opioid category, patented in 1955 and manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company. It is an optical isomer of levopropoxyphene. It is intended to treat mild pain and also has antitussive (cough suppressant) and local anaesthetic effects. The drug has been taken off the market in Eur... | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Dextropropoxyphene",
"subject has role",
"analgesic"
] | Dextropropoxyphene is an analgesic in the opioid category, patented in 1955 and manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company. It is an optical isomer of levopropoxyphene. It is intended to treat mild pain and also has antitussive (cough suppressant) and local anaesthetic effects. The drug has been taken off the market in Eur... | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Dextropropoxyphene",
"subject has role",
"opioid receptor agonist"
] | Dextropropoxyphene is an analgesic in the opioid category, patented in 1955 and manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company. It is an optical isomer of levopropoxyphene. It is intended to treat mild pain and also has antitussive (cough suppressant) and local anaesthetic effects. The drug has been taken off the market in Eur... | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Dextropropoxyphene",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Dextropropoxyphene is an analgesic in the opioid category, patented in 1955 and manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company. It is an optical isomer of levopropoxyphene. It is intended to treat mild pain and also has antitussive (cough suppressant) and local anaesthetic effects. The drug has been taken off the market in Eur... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
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"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Levorphanol",
"instance of",
"chemical compound"
] | Levorphanol (brand name Levo-Dromoran) is an opioid medication used to treat moderate to severe pain. It is the levorotatory enantiomer of the compound racemorphan. Its dextrorotatory counterpart is dextrorphan.
It was first described in Germany in 1946. The drug has been in medical use in the United States since 1953.... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Levorphanol",
"instance of",
"17-methylmorphinan-3-ol"
] | Chemistry
Chemically, levorphanol belongs to the morphinan class and is (−)-3-hydroxy-N-methyl-morphinan. It is the "left-handed" (levorotatory) stereoisomer of racemorphan, the racemic mixture of the two stereoisomers with differing pharmacology. The "right-handed" (dextrorotatory) enantiomer of racemorphan is dextror... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Levorphanol",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Levorphanol (brand name Levo-Dromoran) is an opioid medication used to treat moderate to severe pain. It is the levorotatory enantiomer of the compound racemorphan. Its dextrorotatory counterpart is dextrorphan.
It was first described in Germany in 1946. The drug has been in medical use in the United States since 1953.... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
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[
"Levorphanol",
"subject has role",
"opioid receptor agonist"
] | Pharmacology
Levorphanol acts predominantly as an agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), but is also an agonist of the δ-opioid receptor (DOR), κ-opioid receptor (KOR), and the nociceptin receptor (NOP), as well as an NMDA receptor antagonist and a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). Levorphanol, simil... | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Dynorphin A",
"subject has role",
"opioid"
] | Dynorphin A is a dynorphin, an endogenous opioid peptide that activates the κ-opioid receptor. Its amino acid sequence is Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys.
Dynorphin A1–8 is a truncated form of dynorphin A with the amino acid sequence: Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile. Dynorphin A1–8 is an agonist at ... | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Dynorphin A",
"instance of",
"peptide"
] | Dynorphin A is a dynorphin, an endogenous opioid peptide that activates the κ-opioid receptor. Its amino acid sequence is Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys.
Dynorphin A1–8 is a truncated form of dynorphin A with the amino acid sequence: Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile. Dynorphin A1–8 is an agonist at ... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Dynorphin A",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Dynorphin A is a dynorphin, an endogenous opioid peptide that activates the κ-opioid receptor. Its amino acid sequence is Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys.
Dynorphin A1–8 is a truncated form of dynorphin A with the amino acid sequence: Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile. Dynorphin A1–8 is an agonist at ... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Phenoperidine",
"instance of",
"chemical compound"
] | Phenoperidine(Operidine or Lealgin), is an opioid analgesic which is structurally related to pethidine and is used clinically as a general anesthetic.Medical use
Phenoperidine is an opioid pain killer -- narcotic analgesic.Pharmacology
It is a derivative of isonipecotic acid, like pethidine, and is metabolized in part ... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Phenoperidine",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Phenoperidine(Operidine or Lealgin), is an opioid analgesic which is structurally related to pethidine and is used clinically as a general anesthetic.Medical use
Phenoperidine is an opioid pain killer -- narcotic analgesic.Pharmacology
It is a derivative of isonipecotic acid, like pethidine, and is metabolized in part ... | instance of | 5 | [
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] | null | null |
[
"Phenoperidine",
"subject has role",
"narcotic"
] | Phenoperidine(Operidine or Lealgin), is an opioid analgesic which is structurally related to pethidine and is used clinically as a general anesthetic.Medical use
Phenoperidine is an opioid pain killer -- narcotic analgesic. | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Phenoperidine",
"subject has role",
"opioid"
] | Phenoperidine(Operidine or Lealgin), is an opioid analgesic which is structurally related to pethidine and is used clinically as a general anesthetic.Medical use
Phenoperidine is an opioid pain killer -- narcotic analgesic.Pharmacology
It is a derivative of isonipecotic acid, like pethidine, and is metabolized in part ... | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"Noracymethadol",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Noracymethadol (INN) is a synthetic opioid analgesic related to methadone that was never marketed. In a clinical trial of postpartum patients it was reported to produce analgesia comparable to that of morphine but with less nausea, dizziness, and drowsiness. Other side effects included salivation, ataxia, and respirato... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Etorphine",
"instance of",
"chemical compound"
] | Etorphine (M99) is a semi-synthetic opioid possessing an analgesic potency approximately 10,000–30,000 times that of morphine. It was first prepared in 1960 from oripavine, which does not generally occur in opium poppy extract but rather the related plants Papaver orientale and Papaver bracteatum. It was later reprodu... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Etorphine",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Etorphine (M99) is a semi-synthetic opioid possessing an analgesic potency approximately 10,000–30,000 times that of morphine. It was first prepared in 1960 from oripavine, which does not generally occur in opium poppy extract but rather the related plants Papaver orientale and Papaver bracteatum. It was later reprodu... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"Etorphine",
"subject has role",
"narcotic"
] | Etorphine (M99) is a semi-synthetic opioid possessing an analgesic potency approximately 10,000–30,000 times that of morphine. It was first prepared in 1960 from oripavine, which does not generally occur in opium poppy extract but rather the related plants Papaver orientale and Papaver bracteatum. It was later reprodu... | subject has role | 116 | [
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[
"1st SS Infantry Brigade",
"country",
"Germany"
] | The 1st SS Infantry Brigade was a unit of the German Waffen SS formed from former concentration camp guards for service in the Soviet Union behind the main front line during the Second World War. They conducted Nazi security warfare in the rear of the advancing German troops and took part in The Holocaust. The unit als... | country | 7 | [
"Nation",
"State",
"Land",
"Territory"
] | null | null |
[
"1st SS Infantry Brigade",
"conflict",
"World War II"
] | The 1st SS Infantry Brigade was a unit of the German Waffen SS formed from former concentration camp guards for service in the Soviet Union behind the main front line during the Second World War. They conducted Nazi security warfare in the rear of the advancing German troops and took part in The Holocaust. The unit als... | conflict | 28 | [
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] | null | null |
[
"1st SS Infantry Brigade",
"instance of",
"German infantry unit"
] | The 1st SS Infantry Brigade was a unit of the German Waffen SS formed from former concentration camp guards for service in the Soviet Union behind the main front line during the Second World War. They conducted Nazi security warfare in the rear of the advancing German troops and took part in The Holocaust. The unit als... | instance of | 5 | [
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[
"1st SS Infantry Brigade",
"country",
"Nazi Germany"
] | The 1st SS Infantry Brigade was a unit of the German Waffen SS formed from former concentration camp guards for service in the Soviet Union behind the main front line during the Second World War. They conducted Nazi security warfare in the rear of the advancing German troops and took part in The Holocaust. The unit als... | country | 7 | [
"Nation",
"State",
"Land",
"Territory"
] | null | null |
[
"1st SS Infantry Brigade",
"military branch",
"Waffen-SS"
] | The 1st SS Infantry Brigade was a unit of the German Waffen SS formed from former concentration camp guards for service in the Soviet Union behind the main front line during the Second World War. They conducted Nazi security warfare in the rear of the advancing German troops and took part in The Holocaust. The unit als... | military branch | 71 | [
"armed forces",
"military division",
"armed service",
"military unit",
"military organization"
] | null | null |
[
"1st SS Infantry Brigade",
"part of",
"Waffen-SS"
] | The 1st SS Infantry Brigade was a unit of the German Waffen SS formed from former concentration camp guards for service in the Soviet Union behind the main front line during the Second World War. They conducted Nazi security warfare in the rear of the advancing German troops and took part in The Holocaust. The unit als... | part of | 15 | [
"a component of",
"a constituent of",
"an element of",
"a fragment of",
"a portion of"
] | null | null |
[
"1st SS Infantry Brigade",
"conflict",
"Eastern Front (World War II)"
] | The 1st SS Infantry Brigade was a unit of the German Waffen SS formed from former concentration camp guards for service in the Soviet Union behind the main front line during the Second World War. They conducted Nazi security warfare in the rear of the advancing German troops and took part in The Holocaust. The unit als... | conflict | 28 | [
"battle",
"warfare",
"struggle",
"fighting",
"combat"
] | null | null |
[
"Royal Canadian Navy",
"headquarters location",
"National Defence Headquarters"
] | Structure
The RCN is headquartered at National Defence Headquarters (NDHQ) in Ottawa, Ontario. Since 1968, the RCN has been an environmental command of the Canadian Armed Forces and since 2012 it has been charged with maintaining and generating forces for the Canadian Joint Operations Command. | headquarters location | 16 | [
"head office location",
"home office location",
"central office location",
"main office location",
"corporate headquarters"
] | null | null |
[
"Royal Canadian Navy",
"parent organization",
"Canadian Armed Forces"
] | 1968–present
From 1964 through 1968, under Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson, the Royal Canadian Navy, Royal Canadian Air Force and Canadian Army were amalgamated to form the unified Canadian Forces. This process was overseen by then–defence minister Paul Hellyer. The controversial merger resulted in the abolition of th... | parent organization | 180 | [
"parent company",
"holding company",
"subsidiary owner",
"parent corporation",
"parent entity"
] | null | null |
[
"Royal Canadian Navy",
"has part(s)",
"Maritime Forces Atlantic"
] | Maritime Forces Atlantic
The RCN's Atlantic Fleet, known as Canadian Fleet Atlantic is co-located with Maritime Forces Atlantic (MARLANT), with headquarters at CFB Halifax in Halifax, Nova Scotia. It is supported by CFS St. John's in Newfoundland. Attached to MARLANT and CFB Halifax is the Royal Canadian Air Force's 12... | has part(s) | 19 | [
"contains",
"comprises",
"includes",
"consists of",
"has components"
] | null | null |
[
"Royal Canadian Navy",
"has part(s)",
"Maritime Forces Pacific"
] | Maritime Forces Pacific
The RCN's Pacific Fleet, known as Canadian Fleet Pacific is co-located with Maritime Forces Pacific (MARPAC), with headquarters at CFB Esquimalt in British Columbia, in the Greater Victoria region. MARPAC consists of over 4,000 naval personnel and 2,000 civilian personnel.Comprising 15 warships ... | has part(s) | 19 | [
"contains",
"comprises",
"includes",
"consists of",
"has components"
] | null | null |
[
"Museum",
"subject has role",
"education"
] | Purpose
The purpose of modern museums is to collect, preserve, interpret, and display objects of artistic, cultural, or scientific significance for the study and education of the public. From a visitor or community perspective, this purpose can also depend on one's point of view. A trip to a local history museum or lar... | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
"subject acts as",
"subject fulfills the role of",
"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Museum",
"subject has role",
"collection"
] | A museum ( mew-ZEE-əm; plural museums or, rarely, musea) is a building or institution that cares for and displays a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance. Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through displays that may be perman... | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
"subject acts as",
"subject fulfills the role of",
"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Museum",
"subject has role",
"research"
] | Curator – Curators are the intellectual drivers behind exhibits. They research the museum's collection and topic of focus, develop exhibition themes, and publish their research aimed at either a public or academic audience. Larger museums have curators in a variety of areas. For example, The Henry Ford has a Curator of... | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
"subject acts as",
"subject fulfills the role of",
"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Museum",
"subject has role",
"conservation"
] | A museum ( mew-ZEE-əm; plural museums or, rarely, musea) is a building or institution that cares for and displays a collection of artifacts and other objects of artistic, cultural, historical, or scientific importance. Many public museums make these items available for public viewing through displays that may be perman... | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
"subject acts as",
"subject fulfills the role of",
"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Academy of Persian Language and Literature",
"country",
"Iran"
] | The Academy of Persian Language and Literature (APLL) (Persian: فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی, Farhangestân-e Zabân-o Adab-e Fârsi) is the regulatory body for the Persian language, headquartered in Tehran, Iran. Formerly known as the Academy of Iran (فرهنگستان ایران, Farhangestân-e Iran), it was founded on May 20, 1935, b... | country | 7 | [
"Nation",
"State",
"Land",
"Territory"
] | null | null |
[
"Academy of Persian Language and Literature",
"headquarters location",
"Tehran"
] | The Academy of Persian Language and Literature (APLL) (Persian: فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی, Farhangestân-e Zabân-o Adab-e Fârsi) is the regulatory body for the Persian language, headquartered in Tehran, Iran. Formerly known as the Academy of Iran (فرهنگستان ایران, Farhangestân-e Iran), it was founded on May 20, 1935, b... | headquarters location | 16 | [
"head office location",
"home office location",
"central office location",
"main office location",
"corporate headquarters"
] | null | null |
[
"Academy of Persian Language and Literature",
"subject has role",
"Persian"
] | The academy was a key institution in the struggle to re-build Iran as a nation-state after the collapse of the Qajar dynasty. During the 1930s and 1940s, the academy led massive campaigns to replace the many Arabic, French, and Greek loanwords whose immense use in Persian during the centuries preceding the foundation o... | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
"subject acts as",
"subject fulfills the role of",
"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Academy of Persian Language and Literature",
"instance of",
"organization"
] | The Academy of Persian Language and Literature (APLL) (Persian: فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی, Farhangestân-e Zabân-o Adab-e Fârsi) is the regulatory body for the Persian language, headquartered in Tehran, Iran. Formerly known as the Academy of Iran (فرهنگستان ایران, Farhangestân-e Iran), it was founded on May 20, 1935, b... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Academy of Persian Language and Literature",
"chairperson",
"Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel"
] | Membership
The academy members are selected from masters of Persian literature and linguistics. After the 1979 Revolution, Hassan Habibi was appointed as the academy's president, and he remained in that position until his death due to heart failure in January 2013. The current president is Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel.
The f... | chairperson | 151 | [
"chairman",
"chairwoman",
"chair",
"president",
"head"
] | null | null |
[
"Academy of Persian Language and Literature",
"instance of",
"academy"
] | The Academy of Persian Language and Literature (APLL) (Persian: فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی, Farhangestân-e Zabân-o Adab-e Fârsi) is the regulatory body for the Persian language, headquartered in Tehran, Iran. Formerly known as the Academy of Iran (فرهنگستان ایران, Farhangestân-e Iran), it was founded on May 20, 1935, b... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Adrenocorticotropic hormone",
"part of",
"GPCR ligand binding"
] | Function
ACTH stimulates secretion of glucocorticoid steroid hormones from adrenal cortex cells, especially in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal glands. ACTH acts by binding to cell surface ACTH receptors, which are located primarily on adrenocortical cells of the adrenal cortex. The ACTH receptor is a seven-membrane... | part of | 15 | [
"a component of",
"a constituent of",
"an element of",
"a fragment of",
"a portion of"
] | null | null |
[
"Adrenocorticotropic hormone",
"part of",
"Corticotropin cleavage from POMC"
] | ACTH receptors outside the adrenal gland
As indicated above, ACTH is a cleavage product of the pro-hormone, proopiomelanocortin (POMC), which also produces other hormones including α-MSH that stimulates the production of melanin. A family of related receptors mediates the actions of these hormones, the MCR, or melanoco... | part of | 15 | [
"a component of",
"a constituent of",
"an element of",
"a fragment of",
"a portion of"
] | null | null |
[
"Follicle-stimulating hormone",
"subclass of",
"gonadotropins"
] | Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone. FSH is synthesized and secreted by the gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland and regulates the development, growth, pubertal maturation, and reproductive processes of the body. FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) work to... | subclass of | 109 | [
"is a type of",
"is a kind of",
"is a subtype of",
"belongs to category",
"is classified as"
] | null | null |
[
"Follicle-stimulating hormone",
"has part(s)",
"Follicle stimulating hormone subunit beta"
] | Structure
FSH is a 35.5 kDa glycoprotein heterodimer, consisting of two polypeptide units, alpha and beta. Its structure is similar to those of luteinizing hormone (LH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The alpha subunits of the glycoproteins LH, FSH, TSH, and hCG are identical... | has part(s) | 19 | [
"contains",
"comprises",
"includes",
"consists of",
"has components"
] | null | null |
[
"Follicle-stimulating hormone",
"has part(s)",
"Glycoprotein hormones, alpha polypeptide"
] | Structure
FSH is a 35.5 kDa glycoprotein heterodimer, consisting of two polypeptide units, alpha and beta. Its structure is similar to those of luteinizing hormone (LH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). The alpha subunits of the glycoproteins LH, FSH, TSH, and hCG are identical... | has part(s) | 19 | [
"contains",
"comprises",
"includes",
"consists of",
"has components"
] | null | null |
[
"Somatostatin",
"subject has role",
"hormone"
] | Functions
Somatostatin is classified as an inhibitory hormone, and is induced by low pH. Its actions are spread to different parts of the body. Somatostatin release is inhibited by the Vagus nerve.Inhibiting the release of growth hormone (GH) (thus opposing the effects of growth hormone–releasing hormone (GHRH))
Inhibi... | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
"subject acts as",
"subject fulfills the role of",
"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Secretin",
"instance of",
"peptide"
] | Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver. It is a peptide hormone produced in the S cells of the duodenum, which are located in the intestinal glands. In humans, the secretin pep... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Secretin",
"subject has role",
"hormone"
] | Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver. It is a peptide hormone produced in the S cells of the duodenum, which are located in the intestinal glands. In humans, the secretin pep... | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
"subject acts as",
"subject fulfills the role of",
"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Secretin",
"subject has role",
"gastrointestinal agent"
] | Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver. It is a peptide hormone produced in the S cells of the duodenum, which are located in the intestinal glands. In humans, the secretin pep... | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
"subject acts as",
"subject fulfills the role of",
"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Secretin",
"part of",
"Glucagon/GIP/secretin/VIP, protein family"
] | Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver. It is a peptide hormone produced in the S cells of the duodenum, which are located in the intestinal glands. In humans, the secretin pep... | part of | 15 | [
"a component of",
"a constituent of",
"an element of",
"a fragment of",
"a portion of"
] | null | null |
[
"Melanocyte-stimulating hormone",
"subclass of",
"peptide hormone"
] | The melanocyte-stimulating hormones, known collectively as MSH, also known as melanotropins or intermedins, are a family of peptide hormones and neuropeptides consisting of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH), and γ-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (γ-MSH) that are produced ... | subclass of | 109 | [
"is a type of",
"is a kind of",
"is a subtype of",
"belongs to category",
"is classified as"
] | null | null |
[
"Melanocyte-stimulating hormone",
"has part(s)",
"alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone"
] | The melanocyte-stimulating hormones, known collectively as MSH, also known as melanotropins or intermedins, are a family of peptide hormones and neuropeptides consisting of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH), and γ-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (γ-MSH) that are produced ... | has part(s) | 19 | [
"contains",
"comprises",
"includes",
"consists of",
"has components"
] | null | null |
[
"Melanocyte-stimulating hormone",
"subclass of",
"melanocortin"
] | The melanocyte-stimulating hormones, known collectively as MSH, also known as melanotropins or intermedins, are a family of peptide hormones and neuropeptides consisting of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH), and γ-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (γ-MSH) that are produced ... | subclass of | 109 | [
"is a type of",
"is a kind of",
"is a subtype of",
"belongs to category",
"is classified as"
] | null | null |
[
"Melanocyte-stimulating hormone",
"has part(s)",
"beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone"
] | The melanocyte-stimulating hormones, known collectively as MSH, also known as melanotropins or intermedins, are a family of peptide hormones and neuropeptides consisting of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH), and γ-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (γ-MSH) that are produced ... | has part(s) | 19 | [
"contains",
"comprises",
"includes",
"consists of",
"has components"
] | null | null |
[
"Melanocyte-stimulating hormone",
"has part(s)",
"gamma-melanocyte-stimulating hormone"
] | The melanocyte-stimulating hormones, known collectively as MSH, also known as melanotropins or intermedins, are a family of peptide hormones and neuropeptides consisting of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH), and γ-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (γ-MSH) that are produced ... | has part(s) | 19 | [
"contains",
"comprises",
"includes",
"consists of",
"has components"
] | null | null |
[
"Melanocyte-stimulating hormone",
"instance of",
"group or class of proteins"
] | The melanocyte-stimulating hormones, known collectively as MSH, also known as melanotropins or intermedins, are a family of peptide hormones and neuropeptides consisting of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), β-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (β-MSH), and γ-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (γ-MSH) that are produced ... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Pasireotide",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Pasireotide, sold under the brand name Signifor, is an orphan drug approved in the United States and the European Union for the treatment of Cushing's disease in patients who fail or are ineligible for surgical therapy. It was developed by Novartis. Pasireotide is a somatostatin analog with a 40-fold increased affinity... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone",
"instance of",
"melanocyte-stimulating hormone"
] | α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is an endogenous peptide hormone and neuropeptide of the melanocortin family, with a tridecapeptide structure and the amino acid sequence Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2. It is the most important of the melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSHs) (also know... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Thyrotropin-releasing hormone",
"instance of",
"chemical compound"
] | Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a hypophysiotropic hormone produced by neurons in the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin from the anterior pituitary.
TRH has been used clinically for the treatment of spinocerebellar degeneration and disturbance of consciou... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Thyrotropin-releasing hormone",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is a hypophysiotropic hormone produced by neurons in the hypothalamus that stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin from the anterior pituitary.
TRH has been used clinically for the treatment of spinocerebellar degeneration and disturbance of consciou... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Digestive enzyme",
"subject has role",
"digestion"
] | Stomach
The enzymes that are secreted in the stomach are gastric enzymes. The stomach plays a major role in digestion, both in a mechanical sense by mixing and crushing the food, and also in an enzymatic sense, by digesting it. The following are enzymes produced by the stomach and their respective function: | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
"subject acts as",
"subject fulfills the role of",
"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Digestive enzyme",
"instance of",
"group or class of enzymes"
] | Stomach
The enzymes that are secreted in the stomach are gastric enzymes. The stomach plays a major role in digestion, both in a mechanical sense by mixing and crushing the food, and also in an enzymatic sense, by digesting it. The following are enzymes produced by the stomach and their respective function: | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Nitroglycerin",
"subject has role",
"medication"
] | Nitroglycerin (NG), (alternative spelling of nitroglycerine) also known as trinitroglycerin (TNG), nitro, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), or 1,2,3-trinitroxypropane, is a dense, colorless, oily, explosive liquid most commonly produced by nitrating glycerol with white fuming nitric acid under conditions appropriate to the fo... | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
"subject acts as",
"subject fulfills the role of",
"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Nitroglycerin",
"has part(s)",
"oxygen"
] | The industrial manufacturing process often reacts glycerol with a nearly 1:1 mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid. This can be produced by mixing white fuming nitric acid—a quite expensive pure nitric acid in which the oxides of nitrogen have been removed, as opposed to red fuming nitric a... | has part(s) | 19 | [
"contains",
"comprises",
"includes",
"consists of",
"has components"
] | null | null |
[
"Nitroglycerin",
"instance of",
"medication"
] | Medical use
Nitroglycerin belongs to a group of drugs called nitrates, which includes many other nitrates like isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) and isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur, Ismo, Monoket). These agents all exert their effect by being converted to nitric oxide in the body by mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALD... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Nitroglycerin",
"instance of",
"chemical compound"
] | Nitroglycerin (NG), (alternative spelling of nitroglycerine) also known as trinitroglycerin (TNG), nitro, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), or 1,2,3-trinitroxypropane, is a dense, colorless, oily, explosive liquid most commonly produced by nitrating glycerol with white fuming nitric acid under conditions appropriate to the fo... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
[
"Nitroglycerin",
"subject has role",
"explosive chemicals"
] | History
Nitroglycerin was the first practical explosive produced that was stronger than black powder. It was first synthesized by the Italian chemist Ascanio Sobrero in 1847, working under Théophile-Jules Pelouze at the University of Turin. Sobrero initially called his discovery pyroglycerine and warned vigorously agai... | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
"subject acts as",
"subject fulfills the role of",
"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Nitroglycerin",
"subject has role",
"vasodilator agent"
] | Nitroglycerin (NG), (alternative spelling of nitroglycerine) also known as trinitroglycerin (TNG), nitro, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), or 1,2,3-trinitroxypropane, is a dense, colorless, oily, explosive liquid most commonly produced by nitrating glycerol with white fuming nitric acid under conditions appropriate to the fo... | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
"subject acts as",
"subject fulfills the role of",
"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Nitroglycerin",
"subject has role",
"nitric oxide donors"
] | Nitroglycerin (NG), (alternative spelling of nitroglycerine) also known as trinitroglycerin (TNG), nitro, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), or 1,2,3-trinitroxypropane, is a dense, colorless, oily, explosive liquid most commonly produced by nitrating glycerol with white fuming nitric acid under conditions appropriate to the fo... | subject has role | 116 | [
"subject plays the role of",
"subject acts as",
"subject fulfills the role of",
"subject is a",
"subject serves as"
] | null | null |
[
"Nitroglycerin",
"instance of",
"type of chemical entity"
] | Nitroglycerin (NG), (alternative spelling of nitroglycerine) also known as trinitroglycerin (TNG), nitro, glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), or 1,2,3-trinitroxypropane, is a dense, colorless, oily, explosive liquid most commonly produced by nitrating glycerol with white fuming nitric acid under conditions appropriate to the fo... | instance of | 5 | [
"type of",
"example of",
"manifestation of",
"representation of"
] | null | null |
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