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Forestal, y Pesquero with a Guarantee of the United Mexican States for the Expanding Rural Finance Project. Washington, DC. ———. c.2018. Brazil: Rural Finance Policy Note. Washington, DC. 331 Dualism and Innovation in Agricultural Finance: Lessons from Latin American Countries ———. 2020. Future Foodscapes: Re-imagining... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
As for the other categories of financial services, savings services allow farmers to increase their financial assets by encouraging and offering a secure environment for saving money, even in a small amount, and withdrawing deposits when needed. Insurance for crops and livestock helps reduce farmers’ risk of losses fro... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
financial services can not only enhance efficiency in transactions but also provide a platform for those who lack physical access to financial institutions such as banks and microfinance institutions (MFIs). Financial services carried out using digital technologies are referred to as “fintech” in the literature. This t... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
of a South Indian bank shows that the bank saves more than ₹13 per transaction in a banking operation just by shifting branch transactions to digital channels.1 So, digitalizing financial services is a cost‑effective way of carrying out payments or transferring cash. In many developing countries with limited physical f... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
to manage financial risk from various factors including climate change. For example, in Kenya, MFS users who experienced an unexpected income and consumption shock were able to reduce such shocks via remittances sent by relatives from distant geographical areas (Jack and Suri 2014). Similarly, in Bangladesh, millions a... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
natural hazards (e.g., Jack and Suri [2014] on M-PESA in Kenya and Murshid et al. [2020] on bKash in Bangladesh). For example, in Kenya, MFS are found to reduce extreme poverty by 22 percentage points among female-headed households and lift 2% of the households out of poverty. In Bangladesh, bKash helps increase per ca... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
However, access to M-Shwari does not replace access to loans from formal or informal sources. This is not surprising, given that M-Shwari offers very small loans for a very short period, such as 30 days, and thus, may be quite useful during times of high needs (Bharadwaj, Jack, and Suri 2019). Another study of M-Shwari... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
Necessary? Farmers, especially smallholders, around the world are highly constrained in the credit market and in access to other forms of financial services. They are also vulnerable to serious negative consequences of climate change and other covariate risks. Yet two-thirds of adults who live in poverty rely on agricu... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
a third of this need is being satisfied (IFC 2022). One of the reasons might be the difficulty for financial institutions to reach farmers in rural areas and the long distance to financial institutions from farmers’ homes. For instance, Witte et al. (2015) found that longer distances to both branch and field offices si... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
expense of having to travel to make transactions, speeding up the payments to intended recipients, and lowering the risks of theft and fraud associated with carrying cash on long trips (Pazarbasioglu et al. 2020). By enhancing the simplicity and transparency of accounting, DFS provides underserved farmers a point of en... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
empirical findings demonstrated that the level of financial inclusion in the digital space significantly benefited trading in agricultural goods. More specifically, agricultural commerce rose by about 1.6% for every 1% increase in digital financial inclusion during the pandemic (Fang and Zhang 2021). This means the dig... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
shows, financial inclusion (defined by whether one has an account with a financial institution such as a bank, credit union, or MFI or an account with mobile financial services) among farmers in the developing world was 37.9% in 2014 compared to 57.1% in 2021.6 The corresponding numbers for nonfarmers are 42.4% and 58.... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
For the same period, the financial inclusion rate among farmers due to increased access to financial institutions was higher in SAR (53.0%) than in SSA (32.8%). Figure 9.2: Mobile Financial Service Access by Farmers in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa, Across Years SAR SSA 2014 2017 2021 3.0% 15.9% 8.2% 30.2% 14.7% ... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
in 2017 in the developing world, only 14.4% borrowed from financial institutions, and only 18.7% borrowed for agricultural/business purposes. This means that a large percentage of farmers borrowed from informal sources and that a large percentage of money borrowed is not for production purposes but for consumptionor in... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
the world; that is, rural households with a mobile connection do not necessarily have increased access to institutional finance, although it increases their financial inclusion rate (ADB 2022). There are many actors behind the MFS expansion among farmers in SSA. For example, the whole value chain of TruTrade Africa, a ... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
a mobile phone. The platform gives users access to value-added services including soil analysis, insurance, and financial products as well as advisory services, inputs, and purchasers (GSMA 2022; IFC 2022).8 8 Mobile technology can also help the insurance system. Three major barriers in the agricultural insurance marke... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
institutional finance, the use of a mobile money account has a significant impact on improving input utilization and farm output, which suggests that policies promoting the adoption of the technology should be supported.9 For instance, increasing the number of mobile technology networks and mobile money service locatio... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
expansion can be divided into three clusters: (i) developing a conducive legal and regulatory framework; (ii) enabling financial and digital infrastructures (such as payment systems, credit infrastructure, and digital connectivity infrastructure); and (iii) ensuring ancillary government support systems (for example, da... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
GSMA’s report on the state of the mobile money industry (GSMA 2022), preference for cash was identified as the most prevalent barrier to having a mobile money account. For a variety of factors relating to established practice, widespread acceptability, trust, and reliability either as a form of currency or a method of ... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
financial interest per individual’s economic and social circumstance” (AFI 2021: 5). The findings from South Asian and sub-Saharan African countries consistently show that both financial and digital literacy are key factors in building inclusiveness and financial resilience (e.g., savings, borrowing, and risk managemen... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
Digital Financial Services for Agriculture identification requirements or offer financial incentives to serve providers so they will extend their outreach to underprivileged and poor communities. Donors are also not primarily motivated by thoughts of immediate financial success. This encourages experimentation and crea... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
applied correctly, can be essential (World Bank 2018). It makes sense to collaborate with experts because the capabilities and requirements of new technologies change quickly. Working with low-income agricultural clientele requires partnerships as well. These populations continue to receive inadequate care because deal... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
such problems through government-aided national bank systems such as the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development in India, the Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives in Thailand, and Bank Rakyat Indonesia in Indonesia. Some of these programs succeeded with continued government and donor support,... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
potential to enhance the efficiency of microcredit and savings services of MFIs for poor people (especially women and smallholders) as well as services of cooperatives and self-help groups of farmers. By integrating mobile technology into financial transactions, MFIs, which practice social collateral‑based banking such... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
other participants in the agricultural value chain. In recent years, commercial banks and fintech companies are trying to penetrate the uncharted financial landscape focusing on the low-income and rural segment of the market. More specifically, agent banking operations of the commercial banks offer loans to rural and u... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
programs) does not address, at least by definition, the group dynamics of microcredit operations— group collateral (peer monitoring) to enforce loan repayments or reduce the costs of asymmetric information associated with lending (so-called adverse selection). So, without resolving such issues, simply extending digital... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
Services for Agriculture Findings of this study are striking: savings decreased by 20% and reliance on informal borrowing increased among the members of groups who were offered mobile banking with fewer restrictions on group cohesion. Does this mean group‑based banking cannot be digitalized? Developing digitalization o... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
reaching smallholders and small agribusinesses in an unprecedented way. However, digitalized financial services, mainly in the form of mobile financial services (MFS), have not been able to extend other services such as credit disbursements to and savings mobilization from these disadvantaged groups located in remote c... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
which has experienced a large expansion of financial inclusion in many of its countries such as Kenya and Uganda because of high penetration of mobile technology. However, data analysis shows that financial inclusion (simply having account with a bank, MFI, or MFS) does not mean farmers have the desired access to finan... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
digitalization of agricultural finance must be encouraged by incorporating alternative stakeholders active in the financial ecosystem. 353 Digital Financial Services for Agriculture REFERENCES Abdul-Rahaman, A., and A. Awudu. 2022. Mobile Money Adoption, Input Use, and Farm Output among Smallholder Rice Farmers in Ghan... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
7255. Washington, DC: World Bank. Demirguc-Kunt, A., L. Klapper, D. Singer, S. Ansar, and J. Hess. 2018. Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution. Washington, DC: World Bank. Agricultural Finance in Developing Countries: Challenges and Opportunities 354 Demirguc-Kunt, A., L.... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
2021. Credit for Agricultural Development. In K. Otsuka and S. Fan, eds. Agricultural Development: New Perspectives in a Changing World. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. Kienzle, L. 2015. Microfinance Goes Digital: Opportunities and Challenges in Enabling Pro-Poor Financial Institutions to ... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
Switzerland: Bank for International Settlements. Robles, M. 2021. Agricultural Insurance for Development: Past, Present, and Future. In Agricultural Development: New Perspectives in a Changing World, edited by K. Otsuka and S. Fan. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). United States Agen... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
Deepening for Africa initiative, to help facilitate procurement of an appropriate solution. Tigo decided to procure handsets at a wholesale price and distribute them to cooperatives as an advance. The cooperatives then act as the sales agent for the handsets while also providing a payment plan that farmers can choose i... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
payments whereby farmers and other agro-value chain actors can transact digitally in person (e.g., at a rural collection point such as a cooperative) or remotely via mobile device or rural banking agents. Agents offer deposits, withdrawals, savings, payments, money transfers, credit, lending, and insurance. Implementat... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
capture the GPS boundaries of customers’ farms and record additional observations about the applicant that complement satellite imagery used to assess farmers’ yield, crop cycles, crop types, housing, animal/livestock ownership, and access to roads. Apollo then takes these different data sources to help tailor both inf... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
they will collect them. In most cases (over 90%), farmers apply for a loan to cover the costs of the inputs package. When a loan is requested, the farmer is required to provide cash collateral to the lender, which can be either Tulaa directly or a lending partner such as the MFI Musoni in Kenya. continued on next page ... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
day the tractor arrives, and two fees comprise the total amount. The farmer pays one fee to the rural booking agent and another to the tractor operator. GIS = geographic information system, GPS = global positioning system, KYC = know your customer, MFI = microfinance institution, NGO = nongovernment organization, USSD ... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
credit and savings. MFS do not differentiate between boundaries across urban and rural areas nor the people based on wealth and occupation. Several country-level in-depth data analyses from Asia show that perspectives of agricultural finance differ substantially across countries. Financial inclusion among farmers is th... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
more than in India, Thailand, and Viet Nam. No wonder having a mobile financial services account is a major factor in ensuring higher financial inclusion in Bangladesh while having a bank account is the main source in India, Thailand, and Viet Nam. Regional in-depth data analysis from LAC and SSA portray not so differe... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
resilience among households via resolving seasonal cash flows and variations of agricultural income. 361 Strengthening Access and Efficiency of Agricultural Finance Many governments in developing countries emphasize understandably the need to increase agricultural productivity, especially in smallholder agriculture, in... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
an appropriate financial ecosystem and policies in support of enhanced financial development for agriculture and innovations for appropriate product and institutional development. For sure, financial development for agriculture needs to embrace innovation and technology, including the development of cost-effective prod... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
Viet Nam, the SAGARPA program in Mexico, and the Financial Services for the Poorest project in Bangladesh. Commercial bank lending has increased in recent years to support agriculture. Governments are not directly subsidizing banks’ lending but are increasing resources to extend bank loans and other services targeted t... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
banks to satisfy their government-set target to reach farmers in their loan portfolio. In order to promote these MFIs as micro-banks, they should be regulated to mobilize savings from and extend insurance to farmers so as to become self-sustainable banks in support of agriculture finance. Converting some of the MFIs in... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
and transfer of remittances, but it is not yet capable of extending credit or mobilizing savings. In 2017 in Uganda, for example, while financial inclusion is high (65.5%), facilitated mostly by mobile phone networks, the extent of borrowing from financial institutions to support agriculture is only 16.4%. Financial in... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
promoting agricultural finance; a combination of bank finance, microfinance, and mobile finance is necessary for agricultural finance. One group of finance does not fit the needs of each and every farmer and other stakeholder involved in agriculture. This means governments may support innovations that encourage the fac... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
the rural system, depriving small and marginal farmers who most need access to financial services to enhance their agricultural investment and productivity. 365 Strengthening Access and Efficiency of Agricultural Finance Yet another lesson learned from this book’s studies is that both governments and donors that want t... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
more effective than credit in raising farm productivity in the short run, but they may bolster credit demand and credit utilization in smallholders in the long run. Reducing the transaction costs associated with lending by institutional lenders may involve facilitating credit through other local institutions, such as n... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
agencies involved in agricultural finance is effective enough to meet the challenges of this century’s global food insecurity and climate change issues. It is also worth considering if it is necessary to establish an International Agri-Bank (IAB) to coordinate the emerging opportunities, including digitizing agricultur... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
financial institutions, and researchers aiming to address structural barriers and unlock the potential of agriculture as a driver of economic growth and poverty reduction. Shahidur R. Khandker is a development economist with research experience of over 30 years at the World Bank and other development organizations. Tak... | agricultural-finance-developing-countries.pdf | Agricultural management |
LAND AND WATER DIVISION WORKING PAPER 14 Land resource planning for sustainable land management Current and emerging needs in land resource planning for food security, sustainable livelihoods, integrated landscape management and restoration 14 Land resource planning for sustainable land management Current and emerging ... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. ISBN 978-92-5-109896-7 © FAO, 2017 FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Except where otherwise indicated, mate... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
Annex 1. Survey questions 39 Annex 2. Tools in the Land Resources Planning Toolbox 49 v Acknowledgements We would like to acknowledge the contribution of Alastair Sarre in editing the working paper and James Morgan for the layout and final production. vi Glossary Biodiversity The 2015 FAO Global Forest Resources Assess... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
markets and policies to support desired outcomes. These process, technical, socioeconomic, market and policy dimensions are mutually reinforcing (Landscapes for People, Food and Nature, 2015). Land A delineable area of the Earth’s terrestrial surface, encompassing all attributes of the biosphere immediately above or be... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
food systems, promote governance over land and water resources and meet the needs of society (adapted from FAO, 1993). Land resource planning This is similar to land-use planning but, in this paper, the term is used in a broader sense. Thus, land resource planning encompasses land evaluation and land-use planning and a... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
stakeholders is limited, however. The needs of decision-makers to address the challenges and drivers of change and promote effective and sustainable responses calls for an updated set of tools and approaches for participatory LRP. Such a set of tools should take into account biophysical, economic, socio-cultural and go... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
sectors need to be brought together in planning processes. In developing x future actions, more emphasis on LRP will be required at the national and subnational levels. A key principle is to ensure the balanced involvement of all stakeholders in the planning process. It is also important to enhance the visibility of us... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
A fundamental part of land-use planning is a systematic land evaluation/ assessment process, which has been used widely for determining the suitability of land for various uses (e.g. rainfed and irrigated agriculture; rangelands; livestock; fisheries and aquaculture; forestry and agroforestry; and non-agricultural uses... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
that the relationship between land productivity and ecological/edaphic factors is dependent not only on land or soil potential but also on social and economic factors. On the other hand, management and inputs are still dependent on natural resources such as soil quality, water availability, biodiversity and climate, as... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
intensify production to meet escalating demand. Decision-makers need assistance in determining and putting into practice the best land-use management options for sustaining production. In most cases, management options are under continuous development. Broad consideration of natural resources and ecosystems is required... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
resources and ecosystems. Such a process may involve modelling optimization techniques; land evaluation; dialogue and consensus building among divergent groups; and the development of regulations, laws and other governance mechanisms. Land suitability has evolved to consider biophysical and socio-economic conditions Sc... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
developed and applied in participatory LRP adapted to various contexts and scales of decisionmaking. Successes have been achieved at the local-to-national scales, but countries are reporting increasing constraints and difficulties, due mainly to new and emerging economic, social and environmental conditions. There are ... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
crucial for facilitating and supporting effective LRP that addresses conflicts, meets competing local, national and global demands for land and water resources, and enhances governance over resources at all scales. The outcome document of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development in 2012, “The Future We ... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
of population growth and migration. The FAO Committee on Forestry achieved progress in this regard in 2014, creating the Forest and Landscape Restoration Mechanism to, among other things, strengthen LRP and its components. FAO has engaged consistently with the Global Partnership on Forest and Landscape Restoration, and... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
and sustainable agriculture as key elements for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. There is increasing recognition that this requires the availability of up-to-date, user-friendly and harmonized tools that can improve knowledge and understanding and support well-informed decisions. LRP involves... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
in their intended NDCs (INDCs). In the Asia and Pacific region, for example, priority INDCs are seen to be well aligned with FAO’s Country Programming Framework priorities and its Strategic Objectives. Improved land-use planning – as part of an integrated approach – was identified as one of the tools that can help coun... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
ecosystems, that strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil quality. 11.3 By 2030, enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement pla... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
effort is supported by SLM policies and practices, including assessment, planning and management tools. The aim of such efforts – supported by participatory scaling-up strategies and policies – is to reduce the transformation of currently productive and forested lands into unproductive or degraded lands and, where such... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
institutional set-up (Figure 3). The implementation of management plans, involving all stakeholders, must be monitored using participatory processes, and the results and impacts should inform decision-making and planning in a cyclical process. The integrated land resource management process is scale-dependent, and it i... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
of agricultural land are limited, due to two factors. First, much of the available land is unsuitable for agriculture, and transforming such land into agricultural production would involve high economic, social and ecological costs (FAO, 2014). Second, competition among sectors within landscapes leaves less land for ag... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
confined landscape. Land suitability assessment, based on criteria determined through a multistakeholder consultation process, helped raise awareness among decisionmakers in Rodrigues about the value of suitability mapping to optimize resource use among competing sectors in the landscape. Examples of suitability evalua... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
the potential to increase yields by 30–170 percent, water-use efficiency by up to 100 percent, and soil organic carbon by 1 percent in degraded soils and by 2–3 percent in non-degraded soils (WOCAT, 2007; CDE, 2010). SLM practices provide options for managing soil, water and plants and the ways these interact under a g... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
will enhance sustainability and the efficiency of resource use. LRP tools help decision-makers adopt appropriate options for the use of land resources based on their natural potential, thereby avoiding unsustainable exploitation and minimizing the risk of further degradation. LRP should also help land users in selectin... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
Resources Plant & Livestock (Agriculture, Forest, Rangelands) Soil Terrain Biodiversity Land Resources Human Settlements (Urban/Rural) Climate Human activities Favorable Un-Favorable Sustainability Resilience Degradation Vulnerability 14 Land resource planning for sustainable land management Integrated landscape manage... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
• Consider people at the centre of the process and adopt negotiatory processes based on the needs of the various users and taking into account power asymmetries, competing demands on resources and ecosystems, the land potential and the socio-economic context. Box 3 provides an example of the multiphase approach propose... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
territorial development in a multistakeholder participatory resource planning approach Source: FAO, 2016b. 1. Assess land and water resources 2. Diagnose socio-economic and gender-sensitive issues 3. Build scenarios to optimize productivity and sustainability 4. Support multistakeholder negotiation processes 5. Impleme... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
a landscape and help decision-makers put SLM into practice. Recent developments and challenges in the planning process necessitate a closer look at the entire cyclical process: evaluation, planning, management, monitoring and assessment. The complexity of using and managing natural resources sustainably given increasin... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
provide practical guidance for the full range of stakeholders (e.g. policy-makers, development planners, privatesector investors, and land users). The governance of land and water resources is another driving factor that should be reviewed as an integral part of the LRP process to ensure that proper decisions on land u... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
the next section. Tools to improve data on land resources Governance of land and water resources Capacity development What needs to be done? LRP stakeholder survey 20 Land resource planning for sustainable land management Survey on participatory land resource planning tools LRP is a process for achieving sustainable an... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
challenges in their use, as well as needs and gaps; 3) support LRP by sharing experiences among users and other stakeholders; and 4) identify possible actions and strategic partners in the targeted development of LRP tools. The survey was designed by a team in the Land and Water Division and tested (in English) among a... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
for development, implementation, execution, facilitation, concept-based studies, investment and technical project development. This indicates that there was a diverse base among respondents in terms of the organizational support provided to LRP processes but that there was less support for investment, technical project... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
This was helpful in deriving key messages to guide proposed actions to address gaps at the global level (i.e. those held in common worldwide), and those that are region-specific. Respondents worked mostly at the subnational or national scales. “Land users” and “local/community/village” were particularly well represente... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
planning/negotiated territorial planning. There was widespread agreement (70 percent of respondents) on the need for more or better decisionsupport tools for LRP at all scales, although a slightly higher need was indicated for decision-support tools at the local scale. These are important considerations for guiding the... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
that the information provided by these two databases is too general for effective use at those scales. There is a need to explore ways of increasing usage of these databases, given their importance to sound LRP. A relatively high percentage (21.5 percent) of databases used by respondents were not listed in the survey, ... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
process; rather, it is what happens after diagnostic studies have been conducted and land-use and land management plans have been prepared. Key bottlenecks include shortcomings in legislative frameworks and the lack of procedures for an effective transition from approved plans to budgeted projects and programmes. The m... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
emphasizing a gap in the availability of hard-copy guidelines and manuals is relatively high given the general trend towards electronic and computer-based tools. This shows that there remains a need to provide hard-copy material to increase access to tools, especially where computer facilities are unavailable. An impor... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
preference for participatory, communityand stakeholder-led, gender-sensitive planning tools because these reflect the need to negotiate among interests in the real world. Nevertheless, the biophysical potential of land resources is the basis for participatory and negotiatory processes. It is also important to enhance t... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
services and mitigating climate change; and enhancing capacity in the use of LRP tools. Because the institutionalization of LRP is generally more advanced in Asia, the region also faces the challenge of combining topdown and bottom-up LRP processes when local-level planning decisions run counter to national planning di... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
information-sharing among stakeholders, both nationally and subnationally. Approaches to integrated planning are most advanced in Europe, where all sectoral interests (e.g. the natural environment, rural–urban habitats, industry and infrastructure) are taken into account, with a well-defined planning horizon and from t... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
for preparing participatory land-use plans at the local scale, adapted to representative situations. The integration of biophysical and socio-economic information should consider the dimensions of farming and other production systems, agro-ecological conditions, and projections of climate change. Europe Central Asia Ne... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
limitations? Which tools best suit which stakeholders and LRP professionals? And for which regions and scales of planning are they suitable? The toolbox should be maintained over time, with new tools added as they become available. Adequate attention should be paid to tools identified by external agents to enhance thei... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
The subcategories depend on the selected main category (Figure 7), and multiple selections can be entered into the other search fields (i.e. thematic area, type of tool and scale of applicability). The Toolbox database contains a short description of each tool, including its objectives, the scale(s) for which it was de... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
resource planning for sustainable land management Figure 7 Search criteria and options for the Land Resources Planning Toolbox Agriculture, statistics Agriculture, productivity Cadaster Climate Crops, distribution Crops, productivity Crops, suitability Economy, statistics Environment, the distichs Farming systems Food,... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
range of countries to validate the utility of updated tools and to fine-tune them to ensure that user needs are fully reflected and tools are in place to support land-use decisions at the nationalto-local scales. State-of-the-art LRP guidance, tools and methods are needed to support informed decision-making for the dev... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
FAO. 2004. Participatory land use development in the municipalities of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Guidelines. Rome (available at www. fao.org/fileadmin/templates/nr/images/resources/pdf_documents/ PLUD_Guidelines_final_eng_1_.pdf). FAO. 2006. Final declaration, ICARRD – International Conference on Agrarian Reform and Rura... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
guidance document on integrated landscape management. (In preparation.) Rome. FAO. 2017d. Review and evaluation of participatory land use/resource planning tools. Unpublished report. 36 Land resource planning for sustainable land management FAO, IFAD & WFP. 2013. The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2013: The mult... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
Assembly on 27 July 2012 (available at www.un.org/disabilities/documents/rio20_ outcome_document_complete.pdf). 37 References WOCAT. 2007. Where the land is greener: case studies and analysis of soil and water conservation worldwide, edited by H.P. Liniger & W. Critchley. World Overview of Conservation Approaches and T... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
• Water management • Basin/Watershed/Landscape management 40 Land resource planning for sustainable land management • Horticulture • Environment management and ecosystem services • Forestry/ Agroforestry • Soil and water conservation • Fishery/Aquaculture • Agronomy • GIS / remote sensing applications • Wildlife / wetl... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
Combination of above or other 7. Please choose all potential stakeholders that are directly or indirectly affected by a change of land-use (related to your initiative). Answer options: • Farmers/Land-users • Representatives of farmer's groups • Non-governmental organizations • Women's groups • Youth's groups • City inh... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
Land Management (FESLM) • Guidelines for Participatory Land Use Planning/ Negotiated Territorial Planning • Land Evaluation and Site Assessment (LESA), Planning for Sustainable Use of Land Resources • Participatory and Negotiated Territorial Development (PNTD) • Improving Gender Equality in Territorial Issues (IGETI) •... | land_resource_management.pdf | Agricultural management |
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