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Why when the US invaded Japan it became a functioning and successful country yet our efforts elsewhere may have failed or proven more difficult?
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Japan was an empire who laid down their arms -- full and clear surrender. In Afghanistan and Iraq, the leadership never surrendered. There really was no one who could, being a major problem. This remaining leadership gives you a lot of stability, which is particularly important in a post-war rebuilding. The Japanese government could at least be expected to maintain the peace after the war was over -- the Iraqi government was practically non-existent and what replaced it was seen as a farce.I'm no expert. But my guess at the number one reason that the rebuilding process in Iraq was/is so much harder than that of Japan is simply that Iraq is much more divided ethnically and religiously , while Japan is and always has been a pretty much homogeneous country. PS. The US did not write Iraq's constitution, but that's probably better. Letting Iraqis write their own constitution means it would be perceived as more legitimate in their people's eyes. But again, it does not solve the underlying problems causing sectarian violence, and having the US government write their constitution would not change a thing", 'Shit, this could easily be a graduate level thesis, I'll do my best. Here are the bullet points. -Massive military force was left behind to regulate/control the region. -Lost in a decisive war, that could turn local public opinion. -U.S. had terrible fear of communism spreading people back home willing to use considerable resources for success. -Ability to forcibly alter the culture of the controlled area. -The U.S. was the world's "heroes" and nobody would stop U.S. actions. -The media was more jingoistic. -The U.S. dropped nukes. That terrible/powerful force could make any public comply.
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Why is car insurance complusary and not optional like other insurances?
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Because by driving a vehicle you're potentially putting other people at risk. If I don't have homeowner's insurance and my house burns down, that sucks for me and my family, but nobody else is really harmed if I can't afford to buy a new house. But if I drive my car into a sidewalk full of pedestrians and hurt a bunch of them, they could face all sorts of medical costs, and I would likely be held responsible. If I have no insurance or assets, then I couldn't pay to cover those costs, and those pedestrians would potentially be stuck having to pay them through no fault of their own. Edit: It's worth noting that I bought my house via a mortgage from a bank. So if my house burned down, the bank would have its investment at risk. That being the case, the terms of the mortgage require me to have homeowners insurance on my house.
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Why does Splenda have a stronger taste than Sugar?
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The sugar substitute, Sucralose, that is used to make Splenda is a derivative of Sucrose that is chemically changed to be non-caloric and exceptionally sweeter. They replace three Hydroxyl bonds on the Sucrose with Chlorine . Originally, the makers intended to make an efficient insecticide out of sucrose. Instead, they created a powerful artificial sweetener.Sugar substitutes have always been sweeter than sugar, which is why they're usually mixed with other things to become more approximate to sugar's taste. Saccharin is 300x more sweet than sugar by itself.Splenda is much sweeter than Sucrose so you can achieve the same taste with less.
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The quote "No good deed goes unpunished"...how does that make sense?
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It means that people often don't appreciate you for doing something good, or are even outright hostile. For instance, you hold the door open for a women and she calls you a chauvinist pig who thinks she can't open the door herself. Or you pick up a wallet that someone dropped, and they accuse you of stealing it. Stuff like that is where the phrase came from.The statement is ironic, a joke - good deeds -shouldn't- be punished, but sometimes bad things happen to people as a result of them doing a good deed. People lament by saying "No good deed goes unpunished." compared to "No good deed goes unrewarded."
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What’s the difference between milk found in the cold section and milk found on the shelves?
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Unrefrigerated milk is likely UHT , milk that has been boiled in a high temperature to kill off all the bacteria in it. Doing so makes it possible to store the milk at room temperature.Milk on the shelves is UHT - Ultra High Temperature - milk. It's been pasteurised to a much higher temperature than refrigerated milk, so it's virtually sterile and thus can be stored at room temperature before it's opened.
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How does declaring bankruptcy actually work?
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You file for bankruptcy in court, and notify all of your creditors. Certain assets are forfeited to the court and your creditors get to fight over how they're liquidated and which creditors get how much money in the end. Certain assets are protected from forfeit . But some debts are also exempt and can't be discharged.
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I use regular old cheap peanut butter (Skippy) to bait a mousetrap and it works every time. I try Organic peanut butter, and they won't even touch it.
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Take a look at the label on the Skippy. It probably has sugar and salt in it, and possibly other ingredients as well. The organic stuff typically only has peanuts. Animals are programmed to seek sugar for energy and may also be attracted by the other stuff in Skippy.
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Why does DNA begin acting/replicating differently when exposed to radioactivity?
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DNA is instructions and it's like a chain, when radiation hits that chain it breaks Let's say you've got a rainbow chain and the order of the colors is the order you put certain colored bricks down to built a sweet fort. When you're out of the room I sneak in and cut the chain and separate the two parts. With just two pieces you can probably put them back together right so you still get a fort. This is mild radiation exposure What if when you're out of the room I sneak in and cut it into 20 pieces and rearrange the order. You'll try to reassemble the chain in the right order but you probably won't get it all right. Now when you go to build your sweet fort some of the instructions are wrong so one of it's towers is horribly misshapen! Oh no! This is acute radiation damage, the cell would be unable to build the necessary structures and would self destruct
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Why does it take refunds days to process back when the purchase took seconds.
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Processing the credit back to your account actually takes the same amount of time as debiting your account. What you generally see immediately are authorizations, basically the seller sends a quick note to the bank to hold money on your account which they will ask for later. In doing so they are ensuring that you have the money you say you have. It takes about 3 days for the automated clearing houses system to process any transaction, debits or credits. The money that takes three day to get back to you was put on hold in the sellers account as soon as they started the return processBecause you haven't actually payed for it, when you purchased it, they will give it to you because you "said" the can get the money from you. They do this because it will make you purchase faster and more but refunding does the original process, because your bank actually waits for them to pay it back before they display it.
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Why do abandoned places have security guards?
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There may not be any active businesses there, but the physical assets of the structure - copper wiring, fixtures, other metal elements, possibly furniture - has value and if not guarded, will be ripped out of the walls and sold as scrap metal. Also, just to keep vagrants from moving in and causing damage or potentially leading to enforcement actions against the property owneralot of tiems you are liable for your property. so if someone is on the property and a sign falls on them or they trip and fall and break a bone you could be held liable. more to keep people away to save their own asses.
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Why do eyes in pictures follow you?
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They're painted to appear to be looking directly at the viewer, since they're two dimensional, the viewing angle is irrelevant.
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Why do I perceive myself as having a "better" buzz from drinking one 24 ounce beer, than I do from drinking two 12 ounce beers?
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It's a matter of time travel. The time it takes for 24oz out of one can into your belly is less that the time is takes for 2 12oz cans. You might think it takes the same amount of time, but the 24 always goes faster. Just think of the time you saved only opening one beer.
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If two people with six fingers had babies, would those babies have six fingers?
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Most likely. A gene is an instruction for the body. "Alleles" are different versions of the gene. In this case, the two alleles we want to look at are five fingers and six fingers. We'll call these "five" and "**six**", respectively. Polydactyly, the condition of having more than the normal amount of digits, is generally a dominant allele - in this case **six**. Just one copy of a dominant allele, from either parent, will show up in the baby. The non-dominant trait is called the recessive trait - in this case five. You get two alleles: one from mom, and one from dad: []. If your parents are: * Mom: []* Dad: [] You'll be [] too, and you'll have six fingers. However, your mom and dad might look like this: * Mom: []* Dad: [ Because they both have the **six** gene, they will have six fingers. However, you can get either: * []; []; or []. Either of the first two means you'll have six fingers. But if you get the last version, you'll have five. On the other hand, your parents might not have six fingers because of this gene but as a side effect of some other condition. These other conditions are usually recessive, meaning that if your parents have six fingers because of one of them their genes are and you will definitely have six fingers, because they can only pass on abnormal allelesI'm no geneticist but according to the [Wikipedia page on polydactyly] the most common form "usually passes on in an autosomal dominant manner with variable expression and incomplete penetrance". This means you only need one parent with six fingers to pass on the gene, but it isn't guaranteed. I 'd imagine two parents with the gene would give you pretty good odds of having six fingers yourself.
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Bandwidth for internet vs. tv
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The difference is cable is a broadcast. It's just the same information down the same wires at the same time, you're just reading it in multiple locations, you're not streaming. Streaming is an on-demand service, which is different. Each device you use for streaming requests its own lump of data to be sent. Even if you and six other people in your house go to Youtube and hit Play on the same video at the same time, it's still sending that information down the wires six separate times. So with streaming the more you ask of it, the more bandwidth it uses.
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Why did the U.S. send a rescue mission to Syria for James Foley and yet not sending a rescue mission for another American citizen named Kenneth Bae who is detained in North Korea?
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Foley was held by insurgents. Bae is held by the North Korean government. There's a major difference. Going after Bae is an act of war.
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How does GMail's undo a sent email feature work?
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they send the mail not instantly, they hold it back for a moment. if you decide not to send the mail it had never left your mailbox.
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Please explain (like I'm 5) why marijuana is illegal?
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Hemp was made illegal because it competed far to strongly with cotton as a textile and the people who grew cotton were rich and powerful, . They were able to concoct a public relations and gov't lobbying campaign by inventing "marijuana" in order to protect their cotton empires. Marijuana was "invented" as a name in the early 1920's to make it sound bad, and to help its prohibition with racist undertones -- blacks and mexican's smoked "marijuana", not good white folk. Thus it is bad and it's prohibition is called forWatch the documentary "Grass: The History of Marijuana"
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Why do people reading a script or speech often completely alter their speaking patterns and seemingly forget how their speaking tone usually sounds?
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When you talk normally, you're generating the words, tone, and rhythm from your head before you open your mouth; when it's time to read, you have to look at the words manually and recite them one at a time, and you may not be able to anticipate how the entire sentence or line is supposed to sound. If you get a chance to read it through or memorize it beforehand, then it goes back to sounding like speaking naturally
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how atomic bombs leave shadows of things after the blast
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Same way that you currently see shadows of things from the sun. Sun or a light source shines light, light gets blocked by objects and shadows form representing that blocked light. An atomic bomb can be viewed as a really really 'bright' light that shines on things. Things that block the light, create a shadow. But, since the bomb light was so bright and so energy filled, the super powerful light actually 'burned' everything. Areas that are 'less burned' because something was blocking them from the light, appear like a shadow. Another way of viewing this is through this hypothetical example. Imagine I line you up against a wall. I then take a can of spray paint and spray the entire wall with paint. You step away from the wall and now look at a white blob of where your body blocked the spray paint. Same thing. Just replace spray paint with 'bomb energy'.A shadow on a wall occurs when some energy on the way to the wall gets absorbed. The boundary between the places that receive full energy and reduced energy is the cross-sectional shape of object/material absorbing the energy. If you are standing in front of a wall when a blast occurs, the some of the energy heading toward the wall might get absorbed by your body causing a difference in the energy absorbed by the wall with a difference boundary the shape of your body.
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Why is /r/ShitRedditSays considered generally to be an unsavory place largely looked upon with disdain?
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> Am I wrong, and why is SRS hated so much? Well, there entire purpose is to criticize and point out the things that people on reddit say that they think are offense or generally horrible. It's not hard to imagine why people might dislike a group who's sole focus is to criticize the things they say.
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The difference between what incognito mode does for your privacy and what TOR does for your privacy?
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Tor uses a bunch of encryption and randomized relays to send your information to your destination, effectively obscuring your activities as well as the sources and destinations of your requests. Incognito mode connects to websites the same way that your regular browser does but it doesn't save your browser history. That's it.To add, tor sends packets to other computers running tor, in onion type format, the next computer "peels" back one layer without seeing what's in the center so it can't be discovered or traced back to the layers before it, only the final receiving computer sees the actual data; the more ip's it runs through, the harder it is to track the 15 computers back to the source keeping you more secretI know incognito does nothing for privacy, it only not adds the websites you visit to your history. Common misconception that incognito = anonymous = I can search whatever I want. NoIncognito mode just disables the recording of visited websites. It can only keep your own computer from writing a diary about your internet activities. The Tor network acts an intermediary between you and the internet. It is like a service that redirects all your calls and everyone else only knows the phone number of the service. The internet equivalent of phone numbers are IP addresses. If you [check your IP address] using Tor, you should not see your own IP address. Theoretically, using Tor should make you anonymous, because anyone else on the internet would only know that they communicate with a Tor server. Practically, you or your computer might compromise your identity somehow, the Tor network itself might be compromised, or something along those lines.
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Why are there different land speed records for men and women?
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This is a great question. I understand the need for things where the human body is the vessel used for the record But when machines are used, this seems odd. I wonder if it just one of those things like "Well the rest are divided, so why not this too?" or "Why not keep track of both the fastest woman, and man? You know, for shits and giggles." I can also imagine that there may be some sort of physical reason for it, like a womans body does't build muscle mass in the same way a mans does, so they can take less GForce or something, but that seems kind of unlikely. Especially considering how they do the speed tests . Maybe men are the only ones stupid enough to get it a tin can doing 763mph ..?', "Women are underrepresented in many endeavors. Keeping separate, easier to break records builds interest and encourages participation, even when there is no physiological reason for women to be less able. As they catch up to men, women's records and women's competitions become less relevant. For example, the women's world champion in chess is like the 15th best female player in the world the top women don't even bother.
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Where does the smell of Autumn/fall come from? Is it actually the coldness of the air making that smell?
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I believe its from the changes in the soil and plants combined with the with heaviness of the air.
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How do "Bird Rights" work in the NBA?
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The NBA has a 'soft' salary cap, meaning that teams can exceed the salary cap to retain their own players, and can pay their own players more than other teams can on the free agent market. It's referred to as the 'Bird Rule' because the Celtics were the first to exercise the rule when it was implemented in the 80's. The Celtics, Lakers, Sixers, etc all had largely home-grown superstar teams that no one wanted to see broken up because of a hard cap.
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Why do some cities have their own fire/police department, sheriff department, while others has the county police/fire?
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It depends on the needs of the area. For example, in something like New York City, which spans several counties, it makes sense to have one unified police department rather than sheriff's departments trying to intercoordinate and duplicate costs. Then you have places like Las Vegas where of the valley is under the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department, which answers to the county Sheriff, but North Las Vegas and Henderson have separate police department for their areas. LVMPD covers the actual city of Las Vegas and the unincorporated areas, North Las Vegas and Henderson cover their respective cities. 9-1-1 calls are routed depending on agency agreements and vary from place to place. There's really no hard and fast rules there. In counties where there is a sheriff's department, they'll get calls unless it's inside a city that has their own police department, in which case the city police would get the call.
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Why isn't it unconstitutional for US currency to have the phrase "In God We Trust"?
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"God" is general and does not specifically reference any particular god, thus it is not preferring any particular religion over the other. "In Jesus we Trust
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How is it that Nazi war criminals have evaded prosecution for so long and/or why did prosecutors wait so long to take them to trial?
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It's pretty straightforward. A lot of the really bad ones, the men in charge, were able to amass personal fortunes either during the war or before. As things started to collapse for the Reich, they made preparations to flee. Fake documents, hidden stores of cash. They've been living under false names in South America for decades.Very simply, they hid. They fled the country and changed their names before they could be caught.
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Why do WiFi, BlueTooth, and radio signals not all interfere with each other?
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WiFi and bluetooth is on a frequency band that is very crowded. They are both built to tolerate interference. If a signal does not get though just try again. Maybe using a different frequency. You might have experienced that these radio technologies have worse performance the more people around you are using it. In very rural locations WiFi is almost as reliable as TP cables, even at long distances and a lot cheaper. This is because there is no interfering signals from other devicesThey can and do interfere. But both Bluetooth and WiFi include the ability to change frequencies without human intervention, if there are too many other transmissions locally on the same frequency. They also use very weak transmitters, so another device would have to be pretty close to interfere much -- typically far less than 100m distance for WiFi, and less than 10m for Bluetooth.
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Why are we not allowed to host modern day gladiator tournaments?
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Government rules making it illegal. besides, we have mma, boxing, wrestling,Sumo, karate tournaments ,bull fighting and rodeo and gladiator movies', "You are essentially asking one guy to kill another guy. That's murder no matter how many contracts you sign.
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How did people find cheat codes for video games back when they were a thing, did the developers release them or did people find out on they're own?
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The developers leak them and they spread. They were commonly found in gaming magazines or cheat books if you remember those.
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Can a tech or software company just move out of the US so they don't have to deal with government demanded backdoors?
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Yes. Assuming the country they move to doesn't demand backdoors either. Also, they would have to move *all* their operations overseas.
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Vavious works of Science Fiction mention a plan to turn Jupiter into a 2nd sun, if possible, would this have any benefits?
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No, the mass is too low to achieve the required temperature and preasure for self sustaining nuclear fusion. You need like 16 Jupiter masses for that. Terraforming Europa might work But your asking for the effect of an impossible thing, so I'm not sure how you got around it, and the effects of the work around on everything else.
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Why did old movie, tv show, and radio actors and hosts use a distinct voice/tone while performing?
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It's called the trans-Atlantic accent. It doesn't actually have a home, the only ways you would pick it up is by traveling between the US and Britain a lot, go to boarding school where they teach it to you, or learn it yourself. A lot of actors adopted this accent because it sounds intelligent and sophisticated.
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If protons make up light waves, what makes up audio waves?
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Photons, not protons, are the carrier of light. Sound waves are mechanical pressure waves through some medium. For instance, air, or metal. You are essentially registering a vibration through the material.Light waves are made up of *photons* not protons. Sound waves aren't made up of anything specific, they are the vibration patterns in whatever medium they are passing through, be that air, water, or something solid. Essentially, sound is the vibration itself.
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How did Google managed to blur everyone's license plate numbers on google earth?
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They have some algorithm which can recognize license plates and then blur them out. It is done automatically by their program.
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What is a 'circlejerk answer' or a 'circlejerk comment'?
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Basically a circlejerk is where someone expresses an opinion and everybody else in the discussion affirms the rightness of that opinion while simultaneously shouting down any opposing opinions. You could look up "Positive feedback loop" or "echo chamber" for more information.It's when people uncritically support some position and get off on telling each other how right they are. There's a lot of confirmation bias and groupthink in circlejerks
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Is there a political advantage to proposing new infrastructure projects in the United States? Why have we see a decline in infrastructure in the US?
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> I though improved infrastructure would be a bipartisan initiative. I don't see the down side to political action on this issue Infrastructure costs money. If the government is already running in the red and wants to obtain even more money to fund projects which inevitably run over budget and behind schedule, that may be a down side.
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Whats a Quantum Computer?
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A quantum computer uses quantum bits instead of binary bits. This Quantum Bit is the computational equivalent of the computer saying "I'm 60 percent sure the answer is yes", instead of the current way computers operate which requires a concrete "Yes" or "No". There's no in-between with current computing, but we're aiming to change that with Quantum Computing. Edit: To expand upon my answer, a form of quantum computing is already being used by large corporations that can afford them, like Google. They are using an early form of quantum computers for their reverse-image search tool. You upload an image to Google and their quantum computer find all the images on the internet that are similar to your image you provided. If the image already exists on the internet, then google should rate that image as 95-100 percent similar. If the image is *not* on the internet, then it will only be able to pull up images that are similar, but not the same. This results in your search results consisting of images of the same color pallet, but different subject matter. Basically they look at the color of the pixels and try to find an exact match. If one is not found, then they provide images that are a 90% match, 80% match, or however much lower they need to go in order to find anything slightly resemblant of your image. If regular computers tried to do this, it would only be able to find EXACT matches . It may be able to find something similar, but only with a buttload of computation that would not be worth it for Google's servers.
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Why do we hide the names of victims of rape, but not their alleged rapists?
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People accused of crimes are always publicly identified. Otherwise, the government could hold secret trials and deny that they were doing it. Public and open courts are a key part of the protection of the accusedHistorically, people who made rape accusations often were shamed and ostracized, and their sexual history often was as much of the trial as that of the accused. Prosecutors often used this to take advantage of a victim's traumatized state, driving them to breakdowns to hurt their credibility, or make thing withdraw their accusations. It also leads to legitimate victims being reluctant to report rapes. If you recall the case where Kobe Bryant was accused of rape, the prosecutor "accidentally" said the accusers name several time in open court, revealing her identity to the press and their scrutiny. This probably led to her ending her cooperation with the prosecution, helping them win their case. Given this history, lawmakers decided that justice was better service by laws that protect the identity of accusers.The fact that they were arrested, charged or even listed as a suspect will tarnish their record, the News releasing their names doesn't do any more damage than that did. Throw in the fact that rape victim is the *victim* and probably already has a huge social stigma, they don't need more. If it turns out to be false, then she will face charges, for which she will permanently have on her record, whereas the accused rapists can have their records sealed.
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Mike Huckabee says that the supreme court does not have the authority to legislate. is he wrong?
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The supreme court does not have the ability to legislate. It cannot create law. It does, however, have the ability to interpret whether or not laws are constitutional. If a law is found unconstitutional, then logically the opposite of that law must be applied. If you ban gay marriage, and that ban is found unconstitutional, gay marriage must be allowedThey cant write NEW legislation so in that he is correct. But what he really has a problem with is Judicial Review. The idea that the USSC can find a law in conflict with the Constitution and thus invalidate it and wipe it from the books, or even just portions of the law. For instance the Ban on Gay Marriage in one state was found unconstitutional, and because all states are subordinate to the USSC, and the USSC can rule on any law, in its ruling ti made clear that the Constitution gave the right under the 14th Amendment, and that all state level bans were void and it was legal everywhere. This "legislating from the bench" varies by judge, a more conservative group might have ruled on just that case or that state's ban instead of everywhere at once.
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Why is it dangerous to fall asleep after recieving a concussion?
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In my experience as a medic in the US Army, it is not because of the possibility of worsening of symptoms but the inability to recognize them. If some one has suffered a head injury that resulted in a cereberal hemorrage, the altered mental status is easier to recognize in a conscious patient who is capable of talking to you than it is in a patient who is asleep.ER Physician here. There seems to be a bit of confusion. I think it's because some people are talking about concussion, others are talking about an undifferentiated head injury, and others are referencing intra-cranial bleeding. These are separate issues. If you are diagnosed with a concussion - go ahead and sleep. You need physical and mental rest to start the recovery process. You have suffered an injury of brain function. The vast majority of people are in no danger of clinical deterioration or death unless you suffer another blow within a short time window and are unlucky enough to get 'second-impact syndrome'. There is no bleeding, no skull fracture, etc., with a concussion. Yes, a small percentage of people with head injury can have delayed bleeds. There needs to be some degree of vigilance in the elderly, alcoholics, and people on blood thinners but overall this is a very small subset of people. However, if you have an undifferentiated head injury, then drowsiness becomes problematic. Are you becoming altered because your intracranial pressure is rising from your epidural or subdural hematoma? Or are you just sleepy? Some people have mentioned the 'talk and die' phenomenon. Quite right. Immediately after the injury you may be completely lucid, only to become more and more somnolent as you are herniating your brain down your foramen magnum and squishing your brainstem. This is very different from a concussion. TL; DR: Undifferentiated head injury needs evaluation to rule out serious problems. Concussion gets you a free 'sleep all you want' ticket. Key is in the diagnosis.
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How does lower taxes result in higher revenues and vice versa.
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In addition to the other answers here, very high taxes can cause people to work less because they value free time more than extra after-tax income. If the state is going to take 80% of every extra dollar I earn, then maybe I'll spend more time walking in the park, going fishing etc. instead of working more. If the government drops the tax rate to 50% then maybe I'll start working more and overall the government will get more. Here's a hypothetical example: Let's say the 80% tax band starts at $100,000 and I earn $110,000. So of that last $10,000 I pay $8000 tax. So maybe I don't really see the point in working extra hard to get $130,000. Now the government cuts the tax rate above $100,000 to 50%. Suddenly I see much more personal benefit from upping my work efforts to earn $130,000. On that last $30,000 I pay $15,000 in tax. So the state gets almost twice as much tax money as before. I spend less time fishing and walking in the park, but I consider the personal benefits of more work to be worth it at 50% tax rate but not at 80%.
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How does Google provide traffic information on their maps?
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Along with using the usual traffic services that are established and that everyone else use, they have the advantage of being able to track the location and speed of tons of Android/iOS devices. Mobile phones are actually very accurate when it comes to tracking not only your movements but the exact speed you're going. So if Google notices that a lot of people running Google Maps are only going four miles an hour on I-70, they know there's a traffic jam there. How exactly they eliminate outliers, know which phones are in cars and which aren't, and the exact mechanisms behind the system are incredibly complex. But this is ELI5 :) Oh, Waze also allows you to report traffic jams, accidents, and stuff like that. But the majority of the data comes from just tracking thousands upon thousands of devices.I read part of it is they track how long it takes for phones running android to get places.In addition to this, many commercial vehicles have GPS tracking units to assist their dispatchers. It's not unusual for this data to be anonymized and sold to companies for this purpose. Source: I track GPS", 'In short, phone companies sell them the data. [Computerphile] has a good video explaining it in detail.
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Why earth is so element rich compared to other planets?
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While the solar system was forming the different elements that make up the planets today were all mixed together in a giant gas cloud. Over a very long time the gravity of the sun began to pull the heavier denser elements together and toward itself leaving the lighter gases further away from itself. Over more time the elements began to clump together forming planets. The combination of these two processes can be seen by examining the elements that make up each of the planets. Mercury closest to the sun has a very large heavy Iron core. Earth the 3rd planet from the Sun has a mixture of elements and an iron core as well. Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus are called Gas giants because they are made mostly from what remained of the original gas cloud that our solar system started out from in the first place99% of the universe is hydrogen and helium. Larger planets like Jupiter and Saturn had enough gravity to keep more of theirs, while a smaller planet like Earth lost almost all of these light elements. The gas giant still have plenty of elements like iron or silicon, it is just that they have so much more hydrogen and helium, everything else is little more than a trace impurity. The Earth is made of nothing but these trace impurities.
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Why don't U.S.-based websites have a two letter code like the rest of the countries?(like .it for Italia, .br for Brazil, etc)
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It used to be a reserved domain until "recently," so companies turned to .com making it the unofficial domain of America. .us is available now and can be used but it's too late. .com already became the unofficial American domaincom does not mean its US based website. if you are asking why some are .com and others are .it .br etcThere is a .us. Its just not used much other than by some gov organizations _URL_2_ _URL_0_ _URL_1_
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Why are "bad habits" so addictive and hard to quit?
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I have kind of a theory about this. I think the real pleasure we get from a lot of bad habits is the pleasure of thinking about what your life will be like when you finally stop. "When I finally stop overeating I'll look amazing and date all the hot people and wear great clothes and get that promotion " "When I stop browsing Reddit so much at work I'll be great at my job and get so many new accounts and get rich," etc. In reality of course, there's always something stopping us from being perfectly happy. That's just life. But the idea of doing everything right and still being unsatisfied implies that we're not really in control of our own lives. It's easier to think that you could wake up tomorrow, not hit the snooze button, not reach for the Krispy Kremes, and just start living your best life because you finally really, truly decided to.Usually the bad habits are much more easier to do and we realize we have them when they are already pretty well implemented in our day to day activity; for example, you don't realize you have a problem with biting your nails until you bleed from the bites. The habits you've mentioned provide a psychological release for anxious, nevrotic behaviors and that's why they are hard to quit. The trick is to find other healthy ways of relaxing.
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What is the psychological reason for intentionally revisiting memories/photos/things/experiences that have hurt us?
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It's an attempt to heal wounds that still ache. What you are referring to is benign, but repetition compulsion drives people to get into therapy for harmful relationship patterns. _URL_0_
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Why did no one patent the car?
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Almost everything about a car has been patented -- the parts, the processes used to make them. For example, Oldsmobile patented the process of using conveyor belts to move the parts along the assembly line. But patents don't last forever. You can patent something, and license others to do the same, but after 20 years, that patent has expired and anyone can use that process or make that part.Karl Benz *did* patent the first car, in Germany. He even called it the [Benz Patent-Motorwagen] .
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What is the difference between VPN and SSH?
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A VPN is a way to extend a private network like your home network to other computers over the internet using encryption. You're still using your computer, but on a different network. SSH is a way to securely connect one computer to another. It's usually used to remotely log in to another computer. You're actually using the other computer. But it can do other things like file transfer or forwarding network connections. SSH is a network protocol like HTTP. This means it has a very well-defined procedure for software to follow, so you can use different client and server software and it should still work. VPN is more of a general concept that can be implemented in different ways, including over SSH. The client and server software both need to support the same methods.VPN is used to connect to a private network that is hidden from the public network . SSH is primarily used to access another individual machine that you can already "see". Essentially one mimics your connection as if you're physically connected to a private network, while the other is the control of a remote computer. Both VPN and SSH are encrypted. The encryption methods vary and it's really up to you . For example, if I am at home and I want to get a file that is only accessible when I'm physically at work, then I'll use VPN. If I'm at work, and I want to remotely access another machine at work , then I would use SSH .
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Why are premiums under Obamacare suddenly going way up?
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The projections for Obamacare were overly inflated from the start and everything that is happening now was predicted. The ACA has a ton of requirements that drive up costs. The only way the system would have worked was if they got a lot of young, healthy people to sign up since they would not need as much treatment. However, the ACA was designed to overcharge the young and healthy to cost shift for the elderly and the sick. So they didn't sign up. The people who mostly signed up were older and sick. This caused insurance companies to lose a lot of money insuring them while hopeful they could overcharge the previous generation. This made insurance more expensive. When it became more expensive less healthy people pay for it. This in turn makes it even more expensive, etc. This process was predicted from the start and was called the death spiral where eventually the system becomes too expensive and collapses. We aren't full blown death spiral yet, in some part because the administration decided not to implement the highly damaging regulations until after Obama left the White House. They are due to kick in next year. Democrats up until this point did not want to admit the system was flawed or broken because they did not want to give Republican candidates ammunition in previous elections. So they kicked the can down the road and said it was helping and keeping costs down. Now that it is patently obvious this is not the case and we have triggers for next year that are going to blow the system even further into disarray the story has changed to "fixing" it rather than starting over from scratch. Insurers are doing what they can to keep costs down for the plans, but they can't prevent their costs from going up due to the applicant pool. So they are raising rates while at the same time raising deductibles. This means that even if people renew their insurance, the poor value of the plans means they may not re-enroll again which would be disastrous for the ACA.
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What do diplomats do?
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They represent the government of the country they are from. They attend meetings, work out agreements, and attend cultural events. Basically, if a foreign government needs to talk to the government of the other country, they can do it through the ambassador. Ambassadors can also conduct business on behalf of their governments, sign agreements, and enter into official negotiations in the place of the government.
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how do global methane emissions get cut by 70 percent by adding dried seaweed to cattle feed?
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Disclaimer: I'm spitballing this answer based on my general knowledge of biology because no one else has yet to give you a thorough explanation. However, I'm not an expert in this area so I could be wrong. Here goes. Methane is, I believe, produced as a waste product by the gut flora living in cow stomachs as they break down cellulose in the cow's feed. Cows are herbivores so they eat plants and pretty much all plants have cellulose, though some have more than others. IIRC, grass fed cattle actually produce more methane than those fed on corn feed because the corn feed has more sugar and less cellulose by weight than grass. Seaweed is usually some kind of algae rather than a true plant. Algae has cellulose too, but the purpose of cellulose is to give plants some rigidity and structure. I would guess that algae need less cellulose than land plants since they live in water and can play with buoyancy to hold themselves upright. Many kinds of seaweed have little gas floats at the base of their "leaves" which holds at least the top of the algae near the surface where it can get the most light. So my spitbally conclusion is that seaweed has less cellulose than land plants traditionally included in cow feed, making seaweed easier for cows to break down in their stomachs, thus producing fewer methane rich cow farts.
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why do my clothes get darker if they get wet? can they ever be that dark without being wet?
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The layer of water on the clothing gives the light another substance to be absorbed into or refracted off of. This results in less of the light reaching your eyes, making it look darker. [This short video] explains everything perfectly.
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how Chris Brown can perform in Canada with an assault conviction?
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Permission to enter the country is at the discretion of the government. There is no law that says they must turn you away for an assault conviction, and these decisions are made on a case by case basis. That said, if enough people got annoyed by it to make the media question it, there's a good chance he'd be refused permission to come back again.
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What the hell are independent & dependent clauses? Similarly, what's the grammatical use of a semicolon?
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An independent clause can stand on its own as a complete sentence; a dependent clause can't. Semicolons are used to link two independent clauses that are somehow related to one another, as I did in the previous sentence. There are some other uses too, but that's the main one.Everyone else here is right about using a semicolon to connect related clauses. You also use them to divide list items in a complicated list where you use commas elsewhere. "My personal heroes are George Washington, the first president of the United States; my uncle Jack who overcame his disability to be a famous conductor; and Harriet Tubman, the famous Underground Railroad guide and abolitionistAn English teacher once said a semicolon is a "weak period." It is sued between two statements which are too different to eb separated just by commas, but the writer doesn't want the full break of a period between them.
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How come we can't send probes into planets and take pictures of their surfaces and such?
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> I can image the incredible landscape it could capture on Jupiter or Venus, or where ever. Yes, I can too. It would look something like [this]
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Why does your skin show your sun tan / burn so much more after you shower but not if you were to just jump in the pool?
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When you shower, you scrub your skin with soap and a wash cloth or loofah or something similar. This exfoliates the top layer of skin, leaving the tanned layer underneath. You don't do quite as much scrubbing in the pool.
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Why are we muscle fatiqued and cant squeeze our fist when we wake up?
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During sleep the cerebellum shuts down the conscious motor functions of the body, IE it paralyzes you. This is what prevents you from running in a dream, and running out of bed while you dream it. When you wake up, it happens in stages and it can take a few moments for this block to completely clear. The nerves take time to come up to speed, which results in muscle weakness. It's interesting that this applies to your senses as well as your limbs. Ever wake up and immediately try to use a laptop or something, and find that you cant see the mouse cursor moving? I wake to an alarm on my PC sometimes and find sudden motion makes things invisible for about 20 seconds after opening my eyes. Sometimes even looking at the clock radio to see what time it is, I see the radio, but the display looks black, I think it's because it flickers at high speed. I think of it as the visual cortex boot up only without the cool terminator OSD effects.
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Why do we have dominant limbs (Right handed left handed)?
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Not sure "why" but other species do have dominant hands/paws. Dogs and cats express this, as well as apes and I think ottersOne common theory, as to how handedness affects the hemispheres, is the brain hemisphere division of labor. Since speaking and handiwork require fine motor skills, its presumption is that it would be more efficient to have one brain hemisphere do both, rather than having it divided up. Since in most people, the left side of the brain controls speaking, right-handedness predominates. This theory also predicts that left-handed people have a reversed brain division of labor. Source Wikipedia', "I write, hit, throw with my left, but I use every tool with my right, even tho no one forced me to do it this way. It wasn't a conscious decision either. Sometimes I wonder why.
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What are all those stickers that people put on traffic signs?
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Stickering is a form of tagging. Reasons are pretty broad, and vary. Here are some examples: Most of the time, you carry your stickers with you when you're out doing regular shit. If you don't have the time/inclination to come back to a good spot, you can slap on one of your stickers. Also good if you're somewhere that is only open during the day. Or on consistently busy roads where you'd never have the time to finish something without the cops showing. You can quickly canvas a large area with a complex image, where spray would take too long and stencils wouldn't be detailed enough. If you don't have any ability with physical media, you can design your own sticker. Or you can buy others.
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How are new elements discovered?
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They are manufactured. A heavy element such as Plutonium is bombarded by a lighter element from a particle accelerator, then whisked under a detector to catch sight of the decay products produced when the atoms of the new element fall apart.
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What religion is being preached on Dr. Bronner's Magic Soaps?
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It's a crazy blend of Christianity, Judaism & generic hippie-ized Eastern philosophies. Dr. B was insane - he actually escaped from a mental institution. He just took everything he was exposed to & tried to build a single philosophy around it.
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is it possible to change the atomic structure of something?
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Understand that it takes an incredible amount of energy to do it, but yes - it's the basis of how fission & fusion nuclear power work, but the materials we're using have little other practical function . In nature, stars are doing the majority of mixing & mashing of atomic structural stuff in regards to other elements . Elements heavier than Iron are almost exclusively going to come from super novae .Sure. Fission / fusion would be the typical way to do it. Fission bombs and nuclear reactors split Uranium atoms into other elements with smaller nuclei. In my physics lab in college, one of the teams built a device that fused Hydrogen atoms into Helium as well .
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why does it take so long after your flight has pulled into the gate to open the doors?
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The pilot needs to shut down engine and ground crew need to chock the plane. The cabin crew then need to unbuckle once they're told the plane is in position and make their way to the exit door. The doors are armed against unintentional opening and disarming them takes some time. The largest part of the delay, however, is moving the stairs or airbridge into position. They must be moved slowly and deliberately. Once when they are in position does a ramp agent knock on the plane door, which notifies the attendant to open it, at which point it must be secured. It may feel like 5-10 minutes, but it's almost always just 2 or 3 at most. _URL_0_
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Why the european debt crisis would inevitable lead to a break-up of the Euro zone.
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I would suggest you look back at a few concepts: * Arbitrage* The 2-of-3 concept of fiscal policy I don't know if I can ELY5 though.You are not really missing anything. The problem is thatthe politics are incredibly complex because the wealthy nations have to really go all in. What they want in exchange for this is de facto rule over the rest of Europe. This got made more complicated by the major policy differences between the top 3 wealthy players which has already seen the UK opt out. The issues are pretty much 100% about the relations and relative powers of different countries in Europe, and economics and even finance are more or less secondary by now.
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how antivirus software works.
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They have a giant database of information about all known viruses/worms/etc. Security professionals analyze new threats and create 'signatures' which are specific things to look for in a file to indicate it has been infected. They are on top of this stuff as it breaks into the wild. It could be a particular set of bytes in the file that it's looking at, the checksum of the file, a particular filename existing in a particular location, or something like that. This is why they require you to update your definitions frequently in order to remain protected. Antivirus software also typically hooks into the lower levels of your operating system to do on-demand scanning so that it gets a chance to inspect a file before you are allowed to read it. Some antivirus software uses heuristics which is pattern-based. It takes a set of common behaviors that are observed among viruses and attempts to extrapolate that to stop new threats before they are known. This has potential for false positives as well though.Antivirus can only defend against something it has seen before. It works similarly to how the human body deals with bacteria and viruses. When your computer finds a virus it knows it a virus because it has seen it before. In order for the antivirus to find new viruses, people have to submit suspected materials to antivirus companies. The antivirus company analyzes the files and determines if it indeed is a virus. When that is determined they update there virus database and when your AV updates it should now find the virus.
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What is a respiratory therapist?
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From what my father says: all you really do is hook people up to ventilators and beat their heart for them.
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Why is it that I still say "Huh" even though when I think about it, I heard them the first time?
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There are two ways we use our ears in conversation. "Hearing" is simply the reception of the audible world. "Listening" is when we hear, and then process the information as its given. Many times when you may be otherwise distracted you hear the words, but aren't really listening. This prompts you to say "huh?", thus allowing your brain more time to process the words and information. So, when they repeat what was said, you recognize the words, but now are actively thinking them over as well.
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Why don't we hear New Kids On the Block on the Eighties radio stations?
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NKOTB was from that awkward chunk of time that straddled the 80's and the 90's. I think even most of the girls who were fans back then don't really see the appeal anymore. That said, my local 80's station does play a New Kids song once in a blue moon, and I WOULD like to see more variety in obscure stuff that no one plays. I dig Tainted Love and Freeze Frame but I am sick to death of hearing them once an hour.
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Why do large earthquakes always end up being downgraded? What is it about the initial measurement that's so inaccurate/misleading?
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The initial reports are often from only a few monitoring stations. A small sample size may result in inaccurate conclusions, but with more time, data from other monitoring stations can be added to get a more accurate picture of the quake.
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when shrinking a picture on the computer, how does the computer know which pixels are important in keeping the thumbnail looking like the original picture?
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In general, downsampling an image doesn't keep pixels from the original image. It averages out multiple pixels to generate a new replacement. This is why hard edges can end up looking soft and worse defined after a downscale has occurred. If you want to turn a 100x100 image to 50x50, a simple thing to do would be to take every 2x2 square across the entire image and, for those four colours, try and find the closest colour to all four provided pixels. In a general image there won't be much colour variance and it'll be easy . Of course, you'll get terrible results if you try to do this on an image of alternating black and white pixels, as the result of my simple method above will just entirely be a single shade of grey. Some things can be done about this in terms of sampling and edge detection, with the intent of preserving features, but these are more advanced.
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What is an Analog Computer (like the Antikythera Mechanism), and how does it work?
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Analog computers perform some mathematical operations using wheels, cogs, levers, or slides. Some examples, in addition to the antikythera:[The Slide Rule], used for finding approximations for certain mathematical operations; [The Curta Calculator], capable of performing addition, subtraction, multiplication *and* certain types of division; [The Harmonic Analyser], a mechanical computer that performs Fourier decomposition analysis on waveforms and can re-create waveforms from digital Fourier representations. . Those are some of the more general-purpose analog computers that have existed; some are incredibly specialised for their purposes
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Why do our shoelaces come loose?
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A shoelace bow is a modified square knot. If you do it wrong, it's a granny knot, and it'll come loose. Make sure the crossing of the loops/ears is opposite the first crossing. A square knot is R over L, L over R . If you get the order wrong, it works itself loose. Edit with illustrations: _URL_1_ _URL_0_
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how does a computer delete a file. Where does all that information go?
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Your computer keeps a list of where all your files are located on the hard drive. When you make a new file, it checks this list to make sure you don't use space that other files are using. So when you *delete* a file, your computer just deletes that file's entry from the list. Then, if you make a new file and try to write on top of the old file, the computer won't complain.Think of a filing cabinet. Each file has a label on it. When a computer "deletes" a file, it simply rips off the label. The information is still there, and won't be replaced until it is overwritten with new files later on.When you put information on your hard-drive, it just puts it anywhere physically, but then a small section at the beginning says where the file is and how large it is. So kinda like a card system at the library. When you delete the file, it just deletes that pointer. It doesn't delete the actually information it just makes it so another file can overwrite it.
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I was told once that you wouldn't feel pain if your intestines were cut but would if they were stretched. Is this true? And if so, how is that possible?
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There are different receptors in different parts of your body passing on different information to your brain. Your internal organs have a lot of stretch receptors that help them know to move food along or tell you you’re full . You don’t have pain receptors in many of your internal organs. An example of this is in your oesophagus, it has stretch receptors but not temperature receptors so if you swallow hot food it only feels hot while in your mouth and the top of your throat, once it’s swallowed you don’t feel the heat. It’s still hot and could burn your oesophagus but you don’t have receptors telling your brain it’s hot. So cutting your intestine - no pain, someone pulling on and stretching your intestines - probably a lot of pain.
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Why America doesn't have Home Economics?
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So the big thing is that America USED to have it. But budget cuts have meant that most public schools have been forced to remove those sorts of programs because they have to focus on just the basics. Many schools can't even afford art classes or music. That being said, most Americans I know would love it if Home Economics could be reinstated.
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How different/similar is Android to other traditional GNU/Linux Distros (targeting desktop/other platforms) out there ?
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You're right that Android runs on the linux kernel. That's about the only similarity it has to traditional Linux distros. Everything else in Android differs completely because there are almost no GNU components in the rest of the system .
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Why does our hearing muffle when we stretch?
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The ear has a Eustachian tube which is a pressure regulator in order to prevent your ears from popping out. When pressure changes in your ears the Eustachian tube which is normally closed opens. It also opens when you chew, yawn or stretch. So the reason we don’t hear external sounds as well when we stretch/yawn is that when the Eustachian tube is opened, the sound through the Eustachian tube fills the middle ear, thus reducing the ability to amplify the sound from the ear canal.
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How is the idea that "all white people are racist" not itself racist?
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It is racist, which is why anyone who knows anything about actual racism would never say thatFrom a quick google definition of "racism:" > the belief that all members of each race possess characteristics or abilities specific to that race So let's look at > all white people are Just about any time that this phrase appears, what follows it is racism. Just like the phrases "all black people are" or "all Native Americans are." Some people prefer to twist the definition of racism so that it only applies to races that are "less favored" by society, but that's not the generally accepted definition, so it's not what the word means. So I 'd say that statement is *absolutely* racist.There's a couple things there. One is that every white person benefits from the overall white privilege, whether they are individually racist or not, which can be seen as kind of a subconscious racism. Also, culturally, racism is so ingrained through popular culture and media that people may not be aware of it.
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Why don't videos at 1080p look anywhere near as clear as a photograph at 1080p?
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The first thing is that virtually all video is compressed, before it gets anywhere near YouTube. You could use a lossless codec if your camera has that ability , but the resulting file sizes would be massive. But before it even gets to that stage, the quality of the sensor has to be factored in. And that quality can usually be best described as: "Adequate". In low light levels, because the shutter speed can't usually be made faster than 1/33 sec or 1/25 , the frames are much more likely to end up grainy. But mostly, it's file sizebecause most moving pictures are more compressed, than a still picture.because you need that compression, to not get extremely huge files.you have 25 to 30 pictures per second! some cameras can't even record with "raw" pixel quality, because it would be to much data/second to store on the chip/process', "What you are seeing is motion blur, and without it films would look really odd. In fact one of the reason early [stop motion] movies had that distinct look was that they were simply a series of individual photographs spliced together as a movie, and there wasn't enough blur in them. The AT-AT scene in Star Wars was one of the first films to use a technique where the moved the models a little bit at the moment they were taking the photograph to create motion blur, which makes it look more realistic when played at film speeds.
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Why do our eyes move back and forth in our sleep?
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[It's called REM sleep] Rapid Eye Movement sleep is just a side effect of dreaming, which is the important process. Our eyes move around quickly while we dream because our real eyes actually follow what we're looking at in our dreams. As for why dreaming is important, there are many theories as to why this is the case. For one, dreaming is pretty well correlated with memory consolidation. So a person who doesn't get much sleep, or doesn't dream, is likely to not retain knowledge gained the previous day, which is why sleep is so important to students, and why pulling all-nighters is a terrible idea. It's also been found in animal studies that if an organism is completely deprived of REM sleep for too long, it will simply die. It's not well understand why REM deprivation causes death, or even if this would be the case in humans . It's actually pretty amazing how little we still know of sleep, and why we need it, but there's a lot of fascinating literature on the topic, and I definitely encourage anyone to spend a bit of time looking into it, if only because it's so interesting.
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Why do military websites all have certificate issues that require you to add a security exception to access on civilian computers?
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"How do you trust that someone is who they say they are" is a very tricky question. The approach that most of the modern Internet uses works well enough, but still has plenty of problems. Your computer keeps a list of trusted organizations. It also has a key to verify if something came from that trusted organization. If your receives a certificate signed by a trusted organization verifying the website's identity, it trusts it. Those organizations can also sign documents saying "this other organization is trustworthy, you can trust documents they sign too". So as long as an organization trusted by an organization your computer trusts signs the certificate, your computer is also fine with it. One tricky part of this is figuring out who is trustworthy in the first place. The initial list that your computer trusts is curated by the operating system and browser writers. Different browsers and operating systems may have different lists, but they're generally all pretty close and consist of a mix of private companies and governments. The US military is not one of these default trusted organizations. They also choose not to go through any of these default trusted organizations. Instead, they sign their own certificates and you have to tell your browser "the US military is an organization that I trust" in order for them to be OK with the connection.
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What is the difference between real Zippos and fake 'Zippos', and does it matter?
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Don't know why a 5 year-old would inquire about the differences between real and fake zippo's, but as the owner of a real zippo , I can provide a quick answer. It's in the quality of the materials used, and the way you can easily disassemble the entire thing and put it back together to have it clean and good as new. Fake zippo's usually have bad hinges, which could break or bend easily, resulting in the top cap fitting shitty. Also, everything is precisely measured, which means the accesoires are standardized and bought cheaply at a multitude of stores. It's easy to get new parts if their older counterparts get worn out, for a relatively cheap price. Knock-offs have differening measures and cannot be properly fixed using zippo-parts . They are not standardized and as such, will end up getting tossed in a garbage bin when it stops working. Also, Zippo promises a lifelong guarantee on their lighters, so if a hinge would break from normal use, you can always get a new one or get your older one fixed for free.
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When companies have massive payouts like Wells Fargo, where does the money come from? Do they have rainy day funds?
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Most larger companies know that at some point they will be sued. So what they do is they put a certain amount of money away every year in case something like this happens. Sometimes things get way out of control and they don't have enough cash for it, thats when they get in trouble.Some companies invest in what's known as "Re-Insurance" meaning they pay premiums to another outside insurance company in the event of huge/catastrophic losses/payouts, so that the other insurance company will pay the funds out and not the company holding the re-insurance policy. Example: GEICO holds 10,000 homeowners polices in hurricane areas. There is a massive hurricane that wipes out ALL of those homes. They were all insured for $250,000 each. That's $2.5 Billion in payouts. Probably more than GEICO has in funds. In this case, if GEICO bought reinsurance coverage over $2.5 Billion, GEICO would not pay a dime itself, but the reinsurance company would pay the amount for them. _URL_0_ Hope this helps! Peace!', "Any corporation as large as Wells Fargo is going to have capital set aside in case of a situation such as a lawsuit or other instances where they'll need a huge amount of liquid capital quickly. Most of the time, they can actually *invest* that money into a high yield fund, so that their settlement reserves are actually making money. Sometimes the *earnings* on the cash are enough to cover a settlement.
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Why do you get chills when you pee sometimes
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I read in an Uncle John's bathroom reader that this is still a mystery. Also I'm sorry to see the downvotes; I think it's a good question.
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Why does England still have / keep royalty?
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George III, the guy who was in power when the US revolted, made a deal with parliament where all the land owned by the royal family would be administered by parliament, with parliament reaping the profits, in exchange for the royal family getting to keep their fancy house in addition to an annual stipend. The royal family still owns that land and parliament would probably not get to keep on getting the value from it if the monarchy was abolished. Secondly, the royal family is a big draw for tourism. In all, it's a big net gain monetarily for the UK. Also, lot's of people like the monarchy and there isn't a whole lot of popular support for getting rid of them.
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The different types of fats, trans fats, saturated/unsaturated, etc, and which ones are "good" or "bad"
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The other answers in this thread are right from an organic chemistry perspective, but you are asking about it from a medical/health perspective. Saturated and trans fats are bad, and unsaturated ones are good. Imagine you eat a burger. it goes in your mouth, then to your stomach, then your pancreas releases a bunch of enzymes that break it down further and it gets absorbed in your small intestine. It crosses the border of your small intestine into your blood. Then the carbohydrate, fat, and protein filled blood goes to your liver. Then the liver does different things with it, but ultimately it converts all the excess protein, carbohydrates, and various types of fat into the standard type of fat that your body uses for storage. Then it sends it out to different parts of your body for storage . But now say that the liver wants to withdraw fat from the bank and use it for energy. It needs a molecule to go to the fat cells in your butt and withdraw the fat and bring it back. This molecule is called a high density lipoprotein and it is made out of unsaturated fat. The worst thing about fat is not that it makes you look unhealthy. It's that it clogs up your arteries, which means your heart has to work harder to move blood around, which can result in heart failure. The chunks of fat can also break off and cause heart attacks and strokes. The best thing about HDL and the unsaturated fats they are made of is that HDL goes around and scrapes off the fat stuck in your arteries. So monounsaturated fats, polyunsaturated fats, and omega fatty acids are considered good because they help make the molecule that removes fat from your body. The other kind of fats help deposit more fat in your body.
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- Olympic 'professional' rules
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Up until the 1970s, the Olympics strictly enforced amateur status for athletes. For example, Jim Thorpe was stripped for medals for playing baseball. During the Cold War, the Soviet Bloc got an edge using de facto professional athletes technically soldiers or students whose training and upkeep was furnished by the state. Since in a communist country, *everyone* works for the state, it was hard to draw the line between professional and amateur. In the 70s, the rules were relaxed, and athletes were able to indirectly make endorsements. In the 90s, the rules were pretty much abandoned, letting each individual sport decideMy understanding is that the individual sports organizations set their own rules.
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Why food burns my mouth and leaves damage, but doesn't do anything to my insides (throat, stomach, etc.)
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Compared to your body the amount you can stuff in your mouth is very small, meaning it cools quickly. Basically, when something burns your mouth it transfers heat to your mouth and cools down. You rarely swallow food that hot immediately when you burnt your tungue', "I think it does - just harder to feel. This is based on no information other than feeling into my body- but I can feel hot food burning it's way down
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Why can I use bootcamp to run Windows on a Mac, but not OSX on a PC?
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Because Apple is a hardware company. They make software to support the sale of their hardware devices. That's how they work financially. Of course, a big part of the reason OSX is arguably a more stable and smoother experience is because it runs on a small set of known hardware certified by apple. Particular pieces of hardware have drivers required to run. Apple doesn't write drivers for other hardware because of point number one, so it it isn't easy to try to get it to work. You would initially think that there would be some financial incentive for apple to release the OS for generic hardware, but there really isn't. They did it in the 90's and it killed them. They only want to and only know how to make hardware money. If you want an OSX-like alternative to windows, try Linux. It's come a long ways. It's only a matter of time until Google really gets behind Linux as a desktop OS .
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Why can we eat runny egg yolks without the threat of salmonella but not the whites?
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Other people have already stated that risk of salmonella is actually very very low. However if an egg IS infected it is likely the yolk that is the problem, not the white. Heating to 165 F is the only* way to make it safe which would also cook the yolk. This is why you will see many menus in the US saying that eating raw or undercooked eggs can be hazardous to your health. It’s their disclaimer. The fact that we eat so many sunny side up and over easy eggs kind of proves how safe they are. *You can use a sous vide to heat to a lower temp for a longer duration which would also guarantee safety without cooking the yolk . Aside from this, sous vide eggs are the fucking bombThe risk of salmonella is actually quite low in the US. Something like 1 in 20,000 are thought to be contaminated but that is likely a high estimate. Some estimates are closer to 1 in 80,000There is a threat, which is why children, pregnant women, aren’t supposed to eat runny yolks. It’s just small enough that people are willing to the risk.
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How effective is China's internet censorship if everybody just uses a proxy to get to blocked websites?
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You would be surprised, I see a lot of people here suggesting that virtually nobody in China uses a proxy and that these websites are not used by people in China, or that the Chinese government has some kind of magical way to block all proxies. I will give you an anecdotal story. There was a "space community / country" that popped up some time this year, Asgardia. Asgardia accepted citizens from virtually any country. A good majority of the people who signed up, were Chinese. For a very long time, no official forum or other venue existed for the citizens of Asgardia to communicate, although there was a very popular Facebook group. There was actually a LOT of Chinese users on the Facebook group, which surprised me and other citizens of Asgardia, as we all assumed that Facebook was blocked in China and that they were unable to use a proxy to access Facebook. During this time period, I also learned that the actual "social media" websites that are popular in China do not function much in the same way in which people in the West use Facebook. Rather than a social media platform used for connecting with peers _URL_2_, _URL_0_ and _URL_1_ are all popular Facebook "alternatives" in China, but their primary use is as social gaming platforms with virtual items, Farmville actually originated in China and would be a good example of the way in which they use social media, versus how we use itBecause they block proxies as well. The Great Firewall is just a blanket term for [multiple technologies] that disrupt the traffic from your internet device to the destination servers deemed inappropriate by the censors.
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what is a 5040 plan?
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At my school it's called a 504, it's not a big deal at my school at least. I go to a special testing room, which is more quite and private so I can do better on my test/not make noise to bother others. Your 5040 plan is basically whatever you asked for. This year in school I haven't been going to the testing room much, and it's all up to you. Like I get printed notes, and I get selective seating, so I get to sit in the front in every class. Don't be nervous about it, it is nothing to worry about.
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The purpose of bars/restaurants having an elevated step leading into them
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Doors level with the street can cause flooding, since if the street gets rained on or otherwise gains a lot of precipitation, there would be nothing stopping it from entering the building. In addition, buildings are heavy and sink into the ground as time goes on. Rather than trying to press flat the ground as much as feasible beforehand, sometimes just allowing for an inch or so of extra foundation can ensure that if the building does sink in, it doesn't end up being lower than the ground outside would be problematic for the flooding reasons mentioned previously.
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How is my water, gas and electricity usage counted?
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Depends on where in the world you are. There are thousands of people who have been employed as meter readers around the world. Some physically read the meter, others connect a device to the meter and electronically download the usage. You have a water meter as the water main enters the house, and records the flow of water into the house. Same with the power and gas meters. Many places are migrating towards electronic meter data collection, instead a car may drive through a neighborhood and download the data over radio waves. Others use stronger radios and transmit the data back over the cellular network, wifi, or other radio networks.To answer your title question, there are several ways that the data can be collected. In most newer homes, the meters have computers built into them, and the data is uploaded through the cellular network. In older homes, like mine, a guy physically comes out to our house the 3rd Tuesday of every month, and writes down the numbers on the meters. To answer your question about how electricity is measured, your house has a meter on it for electricity on it. It's measured in Kilowatt Hours . You can read more on kWh's at _URL_0_
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why does a lunar eclipse appear red while a Cresent moon appears black when the earth blocks light?
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A normal crescent moon is not crescent because of Earth's shadow. Imagine this: You're standing in a room with no windows and one lamp at the far end of the room. Suppose there's a basketball in the room with you. The half of the basketball facing toward the lamp is lit up by the lamp. The half facing away is dark. If you're between the basketball and the lamp, you can see nearly all of the illuminated side, because it's on the same side of the basketball that you are. If the basketball is between you and the lamp, you can hardly see any of the illuminated side, because it's on the opposite side that you are. If there's a ninety degree angle between the lamp and the ball, you'll see half of the illuminated side. That's what causes the phases of the moon. It moves around the Earth. When it's between the moon and the sun, it's a new moon. When it's on the far side of the Earth from the sun, it's a full moon. Between those times, it's crescent, half or gibbous. Here's a diagram if it's hard to visualize: _URL_0_
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Why is the Donetsk Airport still of any strategic significance?
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Modern aircraft are simply not designed for landing in fields. Even rugged military aircraft need even a basic level of preparation, such as putting down metal grates, and leveling the area. There is also the concern over debris, pieces of which, and even wild animals, can destroy an engine. Better to take the area specifically designed, and long enough to handle aircraft. Even if it needs repairs it is still much easier than building a new several thousand meter landing strip, which if it is not paved would not likely hold up for anything other than light cargo planes. Dirt runways needs maintenance just like anything else, heavy aircraft landing on them tears it up, leaves ruts, the grating needs to be fixed, thats why you dont see them anywhere that a paved strip is even remotely cost effective.
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Why do "nice guys" finish last?
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Mainly because they lack confidence. There's a huge bunch of social pressure preventing a woman from approaching you or escalating an existing friendship in to a relationship. If you lack the knowledge and confidence to communicate to a woman that you are sexually attracted to her, then you have next to no chance of getting with her.
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How can I choose a gas/electric/water supplier but it all comes from one source into the house?
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Think of it like this. Instead of water pipes in your house, you have to go to the town square and use a 5 gallon bucket to scoop water from the town reservoir. The reservoir has to be manually filled. I charge .50 cents a gallon for the water I contribute to the reservoir. Tom charges .40 cents a gallon. You can choose buy from either one of us. You are not going to physically get the water Tom dumps into the fountain, once its there, its all one commodity. Its all mixed. But if tom can fill 100 gallons a day, he can sell 100 gallons a day. You are not physically getting water tom put in the reservoir, but on a whole, it doesn't matter. Energy can work the same way. You can buy energy from anybody. They are not going to physically give you that energy they produce, but they will put that energy into the grid, and on a whole it balances out.You are controlling how the money gets distributed among several companies that can put gas/water/electricity "into the pipe" from different places. There are also fees for the distribution company to maintain the pipe and stuff like that.
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The current Israeli election process, what the parties stand for and why nobody likes Netanyahu.
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In the upcoming election, Israeli citizens will vote for the parties which will become the Knesset, Israel's legislative branch. The Knesset has 120 seats. Each citizen casts a vote for one party, and then the parties get seats in the Knesset proportional to the percentage of votes they received - for example if a party gets 30% of the votes, they get 36 seats. After the results are announced, the president chooses one party to form a coalition of parties consisting of more than 60 members of the Knesset. The president needs to choose the party which is most likely to form a coalition - this is usually the biggest party, but not always. The head of the party who formed the coalition becomes the prime minister, and ministers are appointed from the various parties in the coalition. As to what each party stands for, maybe /r/Israel is a better place to ask that. "Nobody likes Netanyahu" the same way "Nobody likes Obama" - there are many who support them, and they also have a very vocal opposition. The main point against Netanyahu is that he focuses too much on security and Iran, and not enough about the economy and the rising costs of living.
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