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Why does the law allow companies to purchase or merge with other companies? Why aren't all purchases/mergers viewed as a consolidation within an industry and a step closer to monopolization?
Having a monopoly is not inherently bad or illegal. What is illegal is using your control over a market to stifle competition. That's when the government steps in and companies are broken up.
Why is Quebec still French speaking?
> why is it the only French speaking region of Canada? It's not. It's only the only province where French speaking people are a majority. > How come since Quebec was British owned and subsequently part of an independant Canada, English was not able to replace French? To avoid uprisings, the British accepted that it would keep its laws, language and religion thinking they would eventually assimilate. People decided they wouldn't and made efforts to preserve those. To this day, Quebec still works on a different legal system than the other provinces. > Is French still realy the dominant language of Quebec? Yes. > Do most people speak it there? Yes > What are the languages though in school/shown on tv/ radio etc.? School teaches some English but not enough to qualify as bilingual. Media produced in Quebec are in French.
Why does rain make people tired?
It's probably a combination of reasons. Humans like to be awake all day and sleep all night. And we take our cues from the sun. If it's raining it's darker, so our bodies think, hey almost time for bed! Let's get sleepy! The other reason is :When we're in our mommy's belly we're constantly surrounded by the sound of her body, her digestive system gurgling but mostly the sound of her blood circulating. Which is a constant rushing sound. Rain kinda sounds like that, just like a rolling car, or vacuum cleaner. This makes us feel safe and comfortable. And again sleepy. Fun facts about this: If you drive a long way and don't have any distracting sounds like a radio the sound of your car can cause 'highway hypnosis' causing you to relax and fall asleep behind the wheel. Babies, when they're tired fall alseep very easily in the car or when a vacuum cleaner is running. Because it reminds them of being inside mommy's belly.
How come if I put a lot of pressure on my fingers or toes (i.e. rest my head on my hand) they go "numb" and lose all feeling?
You reduce the circulation dramatically meaning the blood isn't being supplied to the cells including the nerves and therefore they shut down. Restore the circulation and they start up again deluging you with all your missed messages.
Why does smoking preserve food?
Smoking by itself is actually insufficient to properly preserve foods. Smoke is an antimicrobial and an antioxidant but only protects the outside of food, so it is usually combined with other processes like salt-curing and drying which protect the interior of food from bacterial growthMoisture is the reason food gets moldy, so by smoking it you dry it out and prevent the molding.
Why are Saturday morning cartoons idealized? What’s so different about them as opposed to other days’ cartoons?
Way back when there weren't multiple channels whose only purpose was cartoons. There was a MARKET for cartoons, but not a huge market. What day and time are kids most likely to be available year-round to watch things marketed towards them? Saturday mornings. During the week they're in school. Sundays, might have church. Later in the day Saturday, might have family activities. Parents might even try to sneak in a little sleep by sleeping until 8 or 9, and kids might be able to get up early and watch cartoons.
What is CERN and what real problems can it cause?
CERN is basically trying to find out the origins of our universe and how everything works by using a very large particle accelerator to accelerate particles to 99.99991% the speed of light and have them collide with one another. When these particles collide they break apart and that is when we can see what holds particles together and how things work. Only problem is that there is years of data to go through and experimentally proving everything will take a long time. There is no real threat from this, what you see online is just that, "conspiracy theories." People believing that smashing particles will create a black hole and destroy the worldCERN studies the science of how the universe works at the smallest scale, smaller than an atom. They are trying to prove or disprove our theories about how the universe works at such a small scale. This is important to understanding how our universe came into being. CERN only makes smaller-than-atom sized things, and only for billionths of a second at a time. It learns what it can by scanning them in that time, they analyzing that scan for months and months. The things they make are new and exciting and sometimes sound scary, but nothing they make is a danger to us - all of it exists all around the universe, just not exactly where and when we need it to scan it.
What is the process of photographers when taking pictures of the supermoon?
There's really not much to it beyond needing that longer lens to zoom in more. Since the moon is being lit up by the sun the exposure times are just like taking a picture of anything outdoors in the middle of the day so it can be a handheld shot. Think of it like wanting a picture of a specific person's face in the other side of a football stadium. As long as you have a lens that gets you close enough you can get the image you want.
Why do we drink cow's milk instead of human milk?
Human females can't produce the same quantities of milk that female cows can. It wouldn't be very profitable. Plus, notice that we mostly drink milk that comes from animals that like to graze on grass, like cows, goat, and sheep. Humans eat a lot of junk food and other stuff that doesn't make for very good tasting milk.*"I 'd imagine it has something to do with availability."* True. We 'd probably have problems locking up women in cages too, thoughThey lactate after they have a baby just like humans and other mammals. Calves are usually taken away soon after birth, bottle fed by farmers and the mother is hooked to the milk machine. Fun fact, if you stop breastfeeding/milking the cow often enough, the milk "dries up." Yay for biology knowing the law of supply and demandMammals lactate only when pregnant or after giving birth to calves. It would be highly unethical to keep human women pregnant for the sake of producing a commodity like milk. EDIT: Added "after giving birth to calves".
In Sci-fi movies, why are alien organisms almost always silicone based?
Silicon is the other element other than carbon that would form long complicated bonds that life could evolve around. Though it is almost certain that another life form would be carbon based this gives a way of creating a "totally new life form".It's silicon .. Not silicone. Silicon is the next element after carbon with the same characteristics. It's abundant and in most cases you can substitute carbon with silicon and form similar compounds. Eg ch4 is methane, a flammable gas. SiH4 is silane, another flammable gas.First off, I wouldn't say sci-fi movies "almost always" have silicon-based life forms. I don't think I 've seen that idea used in a long time, in fact. Secondly, take a look at a periodic table. Silicon is directly underneath carbon, which means that in theory, it could have very similar properties. In practice, this turns out not to be true. Silicon just doesn't do the same types of complex chemistry that carbon does. But for a quick and dirty "ooh, this is a sciencey-sounding thing!", it works.
LI5, the current patent controversy between the top tech companies Google, MSFT, Apple, etc.
Before the 80s software was covered by copyrights instead of patents where unless you copied something exactly you were not liable to be sued for stealing someone's ideas. However large companies wanted more protection of their software and after some court cases including some at the supreme court they changed the rules and started allowing patents of software ideas rather then just a copyright on the specific code. The idea was that it would give inventors and programmers more incentive to come up with new ideas as they would have more legal protections from having their ideas stolen. However because patents can be very vague they ended up issuing patents to lots of things that maybe were not new concepts, such as "transmitting data over the internet". So instead of encouraging innovation it led to companies getting issued patents for simple things everyone did and then sue each other for "stealing" ideas. Also some lawyers saw that big software companies would just payout settlements to avoid going to court and decided to just sue every company with big money with the hopes of getting a fat payout to make them go away. So now companies will pay lots of money for the patent rights for stuff that should not have been patented in the first place just so they can say "if you sue me for patent infringement then I have patents also and will sue you right back!". It is a huge mess.This doesn't directly address any existing lawsuits between those companies, though they are involved: you might find this episode of This American Life extremely useful in getting a better understanding of what goes on in patent law concerning software - I know I did: _URL_0_
Why do different cheeses made from the same type of milk have different Calcium values?
It basically comes down to pH value of the whey and it's drained. Casein is bonded by calcium phosphate and as the pH decreases it becomes soluble and is drained away.
Why does water cause a near perfect hexagon bokeh on camera lenses?
> Basically, how is this caused, and why the hexagon bokeh is always perfectly shaped? Both of those answers are because it is the shape of the lens aperture of the camera. [This link shows what structure is causing the shape.]', "I don't believe its a characteristic of the water. It's likely the shape of the cameras aperture is causing the reflection to appear hexagonal.
what causes that distinctive smell from electrical transformers, such as model railways? Somebody once told me it's ozone, but why would that be produced?
You get the same thing from lightning strikes. The electric potentials involved have enough energy to break the bonds in ordinary molecular oxygen and some of the free oxygen atoms can reform to ozone . You need energy to do this because it tends not to happen spontaneously, as the O2 molecule is a more stable molecule than O3. The voltages provide the energy for the reaction to occur.
How does insane Clown Posey have such large following, who are willing to do anything for the band?
Because persons are smart, people are dumb As some comedian said, imagine what average, I mean totally middle of the road intelligent, person is like. Now realize that HALF the population is dumber than thatthey found a niche in american and have been milking it for all they cash they can for over 20yrs. I hate them as musicians, but i have to respect them for marketing themselves very well and making lots of money from very horrible musicICP created a crazy subculture surrounding the group that their fans subscribe to. You can see similar things in other genres like punk and hardcore, but in those cases it's more towards the scene instead of one group. Maybe it could be a sense of belonging that their fans don't feel otherwise? I know a guy who's toured with Wolfpack and from his stories the "brotherhood" is insanely dedicated.
- if pi is in between the number 3 and 4 how can it be infinite?
It is *not* an infinite amount. It is less than 4. In *does* take an infinite amount of digits to explain precisely what the amount is, but that's about being precise, not about being huge.Pi isn't infinite - it's more than 3 and less than 4. However, pi can't be expressed as a decimal or fraction because it's irrational, so it *does* take an infinite number of digits to accurately measure pi. Sort of like how there are an infinite number of numbers between 0 and 1. "Infinite" can mean a few different things, based on context.
ELI5:Why is it that a small animal will run up to a big animal and fight it and the bigger animal will run away? Do animals not know their size?
Because the question in the wild is not so much if you win, but if you get injured. If the large animal stands and fights, yes, it might kill the small animal, but maybe the small animal takes a chunk out of the big animal's leg. Then the big animal has a gimped leg, can't run, can't catch prey , and it likely dies.
What do medals in the Olympics actually do for the winner? Also, what happens if a country wins the most medals?
They don't "do" anything. Medalling is proof that you are among the best in the world at your sport. That can help you get sponsors and endorsements, and it can help you leverage a post-sports career in something like journalism or broadcasting if you play things right. But there are no special privileges or anything that come with having a medal.
Why do doctors stop applying a defibrillator after a couple of tries?
Same reason you don't keep turning the ignition key for hours in your car when it won't start -- there's no point in doing it, it won't get better.
Can someone explain how and why Mark Rothko's work is considered art and how I can appreciate them?
Have you ever seen a Rothko in person? It makes a huge difference. First and foremost, they're BIG paintings. Second, he always wanted people to look at them up close. IIRC he said the ideal viewing distance as 18" . When you're that close to a huge painting, you literally can't see anything else. Your entire field of vision is consumed by this intense color field. The color kind of radiates on to you. Rothko's work was important because it was a pretty big influence on this notion of "pure expression" or "direct experience". It doesn't operate through language, symbols, or cultural understands. It's mean to be just something you feel, free of associations with anything else. It's important to note that Rothko isn't just important for making this kind of work, but also for talking about it quite extensively. Rothko was a very famous painter even before he started making abstract paintings, and he was quite popular and well respected. His transitions from representational and abstract works, along with his public writing/teaching/lectures/etc. on the subject makes him an enormously important figure in the history of art and the development of contemporary art theory.
Smartphone "rooting" and "crapware."
"Crapware" refers to all of the pre-installed apps that you don't want, but the device will not allow you to uninstall. "Rooting" means basically taking control of the device in such a way that you can do things that it normally doesn't permit you to do, including uninstalling "uninstallable" apps. The term comes from UNIX operating systems, where, aside from the normal user accounts, there is a "root" account that has absolute permission to do anything it wants, and will not be restricted in any way by the operating systemI know nothing about crapware, though l imagine it may refer to the stuff that your phone company preloads onto your phone that you can't get rid of without rooting. Rooting means unlocking administrator level access to your phone, so you can change the underlying programming that your phone uses to operate or use programs that would otherwise be incompatible or restricted. Rooting allows a person to change things like "overclocking", meaning that it allows them to remove restrictions on how hard their processor can work - this can be dangerous in that it can burn out your processor or damage other hardware in the phone, but if used correctly it simply gets more performance out of the phone without making any hardware upgrades. Rooting often voids any warranty on the phone unless you can reset the phone to factory defaults before attempting to redeem a warranty, and it can lead to stability issues and crashing, even "bricking" the phone , and should therefore not be done by anybody who is not capable of understanding and executing the detailed instructions for rooting or is and comfortable with the risks. Most people do not have any need to root their phone. Factory settings will get the job done, and more simply, for the vast majority of users. For those that need more or like to tinker, rooting is the place to go.
Why do radio stations only end in odd numbers?
Because of the way radio technology works. The station you pick isn't actually what you are listening to, you're listening to a range or band of frequencies, rather than just one.The name of the channel is based on the range of frequencies assigned to it, in terms of the actual frequencies being broadcast to make that channel. However, it's much easier to call a station 101.1 than "101-101.199" or what have you. 101.1 lies in the middle of the band so it makes more sense than other possibilities
; Bohr vs Einstein puzzle solution.
The correct answer is that you have the same amount of B in A as there is A in B. Consider this: each container has 100 units of liquids A and B. The ladle can carry 10 units. In the first scoop, you have 10 units of A in the ladle. You transferred it to container B. Now Container A has 90 units of A. Container B has 100 units of B and 10 units of A. When you take a scoop from container B, you have about 0.91 units of A, and 9.09 units of B . You add this to container A. Now container A has 90.91 units of liquid A, and 9.09 units of B. However, container B still has the same proportion of liquid A and B after the first mixing - namely, 10/110 liquid A, and 100/110 liquid B. This translates to 9.09 units of liquid A, and 90.9 units of liquid B.We can use reductio ad absurdum to show that A and B have the same volume. Let's assume that we end up with more liquid A than liquid B . But how can we get this result? Since no liquid is added or removed, the split will always be equal and opposite. If one container has 60%/40%, the other must have 40%/60%, or 90%/10% and 10%/90%. Each of the two liquids must add always up to 100%. There is never a situation where you have 70%/30% and 30%/69% because that one percent cannot just disappear. Since adding or removing liquid is the only way to get more of one liquid than the other, we have to conclude that the the amount of A in B and B in A are the same. You can work through the math like others have done, but this is an intuitive way of thinking about the problem.
What does repertoire area mean within classical music?
Your repertoire is the body of works that you have learnt and are able to perform. You may have one or many pieces in your repertoire. In this context, it sounds like you are being asked for pieces of contrasting style, or from different periods in the history of classical music. If you fulfill the latter, then you pretty much automatically fulfill the first - for instance you could have four sonatas from the Classical period, and you would have to strive hard to make sure they all offered contrasting elements. Or you could choose four different sorts of pieces from the Classical period and show the variety that was present in just one period. Or , you could choose four pieces from different periods and they would almost certainly provide plenty of contrast. I'm thinking in terms of Renaissance, Baroque, Classical, Romantic, 20th Century, and Contemporary/Modern periods. There is no end to the variety of different styles and types of work since the 20th Century.
When a small child cries, they often start with the initial cry followed by a long-ish pause, and then they start crying again. Why the long pause?
They need to take a breath for their next cry. Longer pauses adds more intensity when the second cry hitsSmall as in infant? Toddler? My 17 month old usually sleeps through the night. Occasionally, if she wakes up she will cry once to convey, "Hey, I need you." Then she waits quietly for a moment. If I fail to respond, she continues. Because I obviously must not have heard her request for assistance, she increases the volume and sometimes adds higher pitched shrieks to express her frustration and fear. Basically- Babies aren't the best at communicating and are easily frustrated.
How do brands manufacturing non-concentrated, natural fruit juice keep the taste constant?
I'm not so sure they do. I drink apple juice, grape juice, and orange juice and I notice they do change in taste year in and year out and also season in and season out as the source of the fruit changes as seasons change in different parts of the world. So answer is, they don't control it. Some batches are better than others.Most commercially-available year-round juices are infused with "flavor packs". These flavor packs are flavor extracts which are added to the juice to enhance the naturally-occurring flavor which tends to degrade over time. The most well-known example of this is orange juice, which must be stored for long periods of time in aseptic, oxygen-free tanks. During this period flavor tends to degrade at least slightly, so flavor packs are added to bring back and at least mimic the natural flavor of fresh juice.
When people talk to animals or babies, why do they tend to talk in a high pitched cutsie manner, and never talk like they would normally?
The heck where are the comments? The behavior is called mirroring which we humans have accepted as affectionate behavior. When babies babble in their cute high pitch voices, we also babble back. When cats miaow, we miaow back. Same with kittens', "In animals and babies, the words you use can't always be understood. What can be understood are tones, body language and expressions. When you admonish an animal you'll usually use a harsh tone, versus a lighter tone when you want it to be playful. Same holds true for babies before their language skills develop.
Why can you not see deleted comments with a permalink, but you can see deleted threads with one?
Threads tend to be deleted because they break some subreddit rule . Comments tend to get deleted because they break Reddit rules . Of course, either can be removed for the other reason.
Why do big bags of chips have zero trans fats but the smaller version of the exact same chips contains trans fats?
Because according to FDA regulations, any foods that has 0.5 g of trans fat or less PER SERVING can be labelled as trans fat free. In big bags of chips, the manufacturer can jiggle the serving size so that each serving will have less than 0.5 g. But small bags of chips are generally considered to contain only 1 serving, and so they can't divide out extra servings to screw with the numbers.Food product companies bribe regulators to allow the manufacturers to lie about their products. Sawdust is food if they label it microcrystalline cellulose. Water is broth if they inject it into meat. Rancid sludge is meat if treated with floor cleaner. Fat is fat-free if they can divide it into a large enough number of servings. This is why a sausage is 2.5 servings. Modern food products are not food. Nearly everything on the label is a lie. The product itself is a sham. Try eating food you prepare yourself for a week . Then try eating packaged food product for a week. Keeping calories the same, you will find you are still hungry after eating the packaged food product because no matter what the FDA permits, sawdust, water, and corn syrup are not chicken. EDIT: To anyone who doubts regulators are getting paid off, you must prove that our food regulations are not the product of bribery .
How do you move?
Our brains learn how to move, and eventually store the information in our "muscle memory"; the stuff that's so familiar to us, our mind can essentially take shortcuts to use it. This is why acrobats can do gymnastics that other people would never be able to perform, even though their actual muscles aren't necessarily any stronger. It's also why babies can't write. When we're very young, we first learn to grip things with our entire fist, then we have to learn to turn over, then we have to learn to crawl. Writing with a pen and pencil takes a certain combination of muscles that we have to consciously learn before we can unconsciously repeat.Your brain is telling the muscles what to do. Your brain is controlling this activity, such as walking. It decides that you need to put your right foot forward. There are different types of neurons, but the important one here is the motor neuron. The brain will control your actions by sending a signal down the motor neurons and to the correct muscles in your leg, causing it to move. It's not a one way thing either. The brain is also getting feedback from your leg and at a certain point, your right foot is firmly on the ground. The brain has been made aware of it due to the nerves in your foot feeling it. It then knows to stop and switch to the left foot.
Is burping/belching something you get better at with practice?
Straighten your esophagus. Back straight. Shoulders back. Use your lower abdominal muscles to apply pressure toward your spine then upward. Relax your throat. Project.
How does electrical grounding work for ships? Why is it so complicated?
It's not about electrical safety directly. If you use a metal hull as ground, especially in salt water, electrolysis can cause corrosion.
Why does 2008 still feel like a couple of years ago?
Probably because with each year that goes by, you have a longer frame of reference to what time feels like? I don't think I phrased that well, but what I mean is that if you are 5, one year is 20% of your entire existence. If you are 50, one year is 2% of your life. So, to get the same feeling of "long ago", it takes more years, the older you get. Same concept as why summers seem to fly by compared to when you were a kid.
What makes humans want to kiss one another?
> A person receives information about the person he or she is smooching by locking lips, Fisher said. A kiss transmits smells, tastes, sound and tactile signals that all affect how the individuals perceive each other and, ultimately, whether they will want to kiss again. > Women tend to be attracted to male partners with a different immune system makeup from their own, Fisher said. They subconsciously detect information about a partner's immune system through smell during kissing, she said. > Research led by Wendy Hill, professor of neuroscience at Lafayette College, looked at how kissing affects the hormones oxytocin, sometimes called the "love hormone," which is associated with social bonding, and cortisol, a measure of stress. [Source] TL;DR: There's much more to kissing than what you might think. One of those is that you subconciously pick up things about the other person through smells you won't notice. There's also this [cracked] article that explains it quite well, despite being a comedy site: > It turns out Nerve 0 is directly connected to the regions of the brain associated with sex and gives your nose a direct, private highway to your genitals. Well, that's interesting. What could that be for? > Scientists theorize that when you kiss someone, Nerve 0 picks up their pheromones and warns your body to start sending blood and good vibes down to your crotch as quickly as possible. It's important to note that Nerve 0 doesn't travel through your olfactory bulb at all, which means you can't actually smell any of the things your sex nerve is designed to pick up. And since our pheromones don't carry very well, getting close enough to kiss is basically the only way your Boning Nerve can do you any goodOur lips have an inordinate amount of nerve endings in them. Touching them together will stimulate both partners quite a lot.
How penny bidding sites (like QuiBids or Beezid) make their money?
As far as I know, QuiBids charges $0.60 a bid. So if they see something for $10, that's 1000 bids, and they've made $610. The person buying it gets a pretty good deal and everyone else who bid is screwed.
Difference between Special and General Relativity
I'll explain the difference between them, without going into what either form of Relativity actually *is*: Special Relativity only deals with objects moving at constant speed. General Relativity extends Special Relativity, by figuring out how to deal with acceleration. Special Relativity doesn't actually require complicated maths either. High-school algebra is sufficient to cover the entire subject, making it less complicated than high-school physics . On the other hand, General Relativity requires ass-butt maths. As in, I have a bachelor's degree in mathematics, and I don't know enough math do to general relativity. It's a topic called Differential Geometry, which *starts* by figuring how out to draw straight lines when space itself is curved. It then goes into trying to count the number of different incompatible ways that you can do calculus to the inside of a four-dimensional sphere .
How are people colourblind?
Inside your eye are 3 different kinds of cells for detecting colors, one can see red, one can see green, and one can see blue. In colorblind individuals, one of those is either missing or not functioning properly, and so the number of combinations of colors you can distinguish is drastically lowered. You can still tell most colors apart because even if you may not see green properly, you'll detect the varying shades of red and blue in that color but you're missing some of the information.Fun fact: There is a small percentage of women with a 4th color receptor, enabling them to see an enormous extra amount of shades of colors.
How does Southern and Northern US Border control work?
What's getting left out is where the border guards ask to see your passport, ask what you're bringing in to the country, and so on.
Why do the front wheels of big trucks have such big convex hubcaps and lugnuts?
The commonality across all those big trucks having a doubled rear wheel. On a doubled wheel, you need to be able to bolt the two wheels together to be secure them. The rims budge out so they can touch each other. & nbsp; The front wheel can't be doubled because it would interfere with steering. In order to only need one spare tire, the truck using the same wheel across the entire trunk, meaning that the budged rim is used for the front wheels. edit: spelling
What exactly is a G.E.D. and why do people keep making fun of people who take the test?
The GED is the "General Educational Development" test. It is the test that those who drop out of high school, or who fail out of high school take to show that they have learned the equivalent of a high school education. They are made fun of because they have already proven themselves failures by societal standards just having to take the test. It is not a kind thing, but society is seldom kind.
Why is my original iPad completely useless after only a few years of ownership?
Because the software it's running is made for newer-gen models. > Is my new iPad going to do this in a couple years? Eventually, but not for much longer. The newer-gen models are magnitudes faster and more powerful than the first gen.
How does "artificial flavoring" work, and create something so distinct as grape or other fruits?
It's all chemistry. You start with a real grape and you sit down in the lab and try to figure out what it is in a grape that makes it \'grape like\' in flavor. You could physically break down the grape into a slurry, and then use mechanical processes like centrifuges, or chemical processes like solvents and acids to separate the different chemicals in the grape and then examine the individual molecules for ones that create the grape flavor, grape color, grape scent . When the chemicals responsible for the flavor and odor of the grape are isolated in this way, their structure can be studied, and using chemistry you can create a method of taking other chemicals and processing them in such a way that they form these same flavor compounds. Lastly once you have something viable, you test it for toxicity and eventually palletability. While the actual grape may contain hundreds of molecules responsible for it's subtle flavors, the artificial flavoring may contain only a few that are primary influences of grape flavor. The substances that create these flavors may appear in many other fruits and flavors as well but in differing ratios so study of grape flavor may discover compounds that are also responsible for berry flavor, or cherry flavor etc. Eventually a working set of "fruit flavors" are developed and over time the secret gets out and they become industry standard flavors. Many lemon and lime flavors for instance are just citric acid and sweetener.What we call 'flavors' are merely a mix of chemicals in the right portions. Scientists recreate these flavors by synthetically creating the chemical formula.
Is there any way the U.N. can hit back at Russia diplomatically?
Nope, Russia could just veto it since they are on the security council. It's a fundamentally broken system.
How are wells built?
Wells are not technically built, they are drilled. In reference to a water well, a company will do some research to see if they can drill a well in the desired area. This all depends on location, ground type, and various other things. If a well is drillable they will bring out a truck, that is basically a small oil derrick, and begin drilling the well. Depending on you location and ground type the depth of the well will vary. Some places have underground "rivers" and can be relatively shallow wells, on the other had, some need to be deeper so that more water will seep into the vacant area that is created by the drilling. Once the well is drilled you can begin getting water from it using a bucket or a pump. This is all i know. I hope this answers your question. Resource: had a well drilled on old property. Please correct me if I'm wrong.
What makes raindrops large sometimes but small other times? And is the size of raindrops indicative of how much longer the rain will fall?
Raindrops form when water vapour in the atmosphere clusters around microscopic solid particles in a process called nucleation. Nucleation is reversible. As water molecules attach themselves to cluster, other molecules are leaving. There is a point called the *critical nuclear size*, at which point the cluster of water molecules is stable. This is the point at which a raindrop forms. The critical nuclear size /critical radius is controlled by temperature. The mathematics tells us that as the temperature is lowered, the critical radius decreases. Hopefully this answers your first question, and if I'm wrong I'd very much like to be called out on it! Cunningham's Law and all that ;) Ultimately, though, the answer lies in thermodynamics.You need to know that all precipitation starts as ice and as it falls to the ground, the temperature heats up and it turns into flurries or snow or hail or raindrops that can vary in size depending on the ice that was crystallizing in the cloudsBasically the hotter it is the more dust and whatnot there is in the atmosphere which makes bigger rain drops.
Why aren't we concerned with bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms developing resistance to alcohol, chlorine, and other substances used to sterilize medical equipment (and hands)?
It is a good question. The answer is how it works on the organism. Anti-biotics work by interfering with some important function of a bacteria cell. Think of throwing a wrench into a machine and watching it gum up the works. Cells that have different machine arrangements can be more resistant to wrenches. They'll have casings around important stuff or gears that can allow a wrench to slip through the teeth without stopping. Maybe they have extra redundant machines. Alcohol, chlorine and copper work by physically dismantling the machine. No amount of changing the machine will help when you shown up with a screw driver and start removing things.
How do we 'die'?
* To kill by breaking someone's neck you need to sever the spinal cord, thus breaking the link between the brain and the rest of the body thus stopping the beating of your heart and lung function* Blood carries the necessary oxygen to the cells in your body so a major blood loss can stop your cells from functioning, and enough can cause organs to stop working* Severe head injury can cause a break in the link between your brain and your heart/lungs* Dying of old age mainly is a standard infection or illness but your body is weak enough to not combat it", 'All deaths are a result of cerebral hypoxia. This is where your brain no longer receives the necessary oxygen it needs to keep your body working. EVERY death is caused my this.
How did the commonality of "seeing the light" originate when people are "crossing over" or passing away?
When your brain is deprived of oxygen , your brain shuts down different parts of itself in a given order, in an attempt to keep you alive as long as possible. Turns out, when the visual centers of the brain begin losing oxygen, you start getting tunnel vision, plus you lose the ability to see color, which means whatever light source you look at starts looking like the "light as the end of the tunnel", even if you happen to be staring at a streetlight or something.
Brainwaves. What are they? And can sounds of certain frequencies have an effect on them ? If so , why?
What do you mean when you say brain waves? If you are thinking of the readouts of machines like EEG's or similar devices what you're seeing on these machines is the electrical activity of certain areas of the brain that are picked up by the electrodes of the machine. Because most brain activity is a chemical exchange based on the electrostatic gradient, there are no "waves" or sound waves involved. What you are measuring with these machines are the minute changes in electrical activity in certain areas of the brain. Hope this helps a little.
why is the holocaust so much more popular than other historical genocides?
Aside from having one of the highest death tolls , it receives attention partly because it was a new type of event. The word 'genocide' itself was only coined in 1944 to try and name what the Nazis had done. The Holocaust was a planned, deliberate attempt to completely wipe a race of people from the Earth, domestically and internationally, executed in a large-scale industrial fashion using all the tools of a developed 20th-century nation, and had the fascists not been stopped by war, they would have seen it through to completion. That's new. That hadn't happened before. That's why it's so studied. Sure, there had been lots of other mass killings and racist crimes of humanity -- but they weren't like the Holocaust. They usually fell into two categories: brutal massacres committed by invading armies and horrendously exploitative colonialism . The fact that Nazi Germany was a modern highly-developed nation also factors into it, I'm sure; it has a larger, more devastating impact to think of a modern educated developed country doing this, compared to say, the tyrant King Leopold and his absolute monarchy generations and generations ago. Likewise, Eurocentric views dominated as a matter of policy until very recently, so of course an event occurring in the heart of 20th century Europe has more shock value than some old business off on the Dark Continent. Then there's the fact that we have huge amounts of recorded testimony, photographic evidence, video evidence, etc of the Holocaust. There are a lot of factors.I'm not sure that "popular" is the right word! But I know what you mean. According to [Wikipedia], the holocaust was he second-worst genocide in history. That in itself makes it remarkable - but the fact that it came very close to wiping out the entire European Jewish population - 78% of that population was killed - makes it stand out above any othersIt was done by white people against whiteish people. There are still people alive who were involved. The Germans kept copious records.
Why does my stationary leg hurt when I ride a skateboard?
More to the point, it is almost like doing a one legged squat. In addition to holding all your weight up, you are lowering yourself several inches each time you kick/push with the other leg. I have a adult sized kick scooter where I experience the same thing. I could kick all day, but switch legs often because of the fatigue in the leg on the board.you have two legs for a reason the weight is meant to be distrusted across both of them. When you kick / push not only are you putting all of wight on one leg but you are also using extra muscles to keep your balance. That can can exert a lot of stress on said leg. As with any form of excessive If you skate often though your legs should get stronger up to a point and it shouldn't be so bad later down the road you might not even notice it. Of course if you've been on a hiatus then yes you would feel the effects to a greater extent.
What is the significance of the MPAA joining the W3C?
The World Wide Web Consortium defines the specifications of the web. It's largely an organization of technology companies and publishers trying to agree on standards to move the technology forward. As streaming audio/video is being increasingly standardized , the MPAA naturally would like to have early input into how it's works - not unlike how Bloomberg cares about RSS. The controversy is largely because MPAA has for years fought the industry rather than worked with it, so most people perceive it as a way for the MPAA to slow down tech or make a fuss about DRM rather than a step in the right direction to offer good solutions. What does that mean to the average Joe? Well, for years there wasn't a standardized way to do video on the web. So Flash emerged, and Flash sucked. For years Adobe had a monopoly on it, and it's the reason a lot of early video didn't play on your iPhone . HTML5 streaming video fixed that by pushing it as a standard that every vendor could implement on largely their own. Lots of technology like that will emerge and evolve over the coming years. How it affects the day-to-day for the non engineer in the industry is usually non-obvious . It simply means the MPAA will be present at a few tech meetings earlier than they have in the past. If you're an optimist, that means that they've learned their lesson somewhat and will try to work with the industry instead of fighting it. If you're a pessimist, it means they're going to make a short-sighted fusses that slow down the technology evolving.
What is that nasty gunky substance in your mouth after waking up? What is the cause of it and is that the reason we must brush our teeth in the morning?
If you're not brushing your teeth well enough before you go to bed, it may be plaque. But if you are, it might just be the inner lining of your mouth shedding and congealing nastily due to the nighttime dryness of your mouth. Your mucus membranes shed even faster than the rest of your skin.
Who REALLY foots the bill when a corporation goes bankrupt? The unpaid bills?
Whoever those bills are owed to, as the corporation does not have to pay them, so the debtors are shit outta luck on recouping that money.The **meaning** of bankruptcy is that the business either won't pay its whole debt or won't pay it in time. If you're a creditor, then you can experience one or more of the following: 1. You get paid later than you were supposed to;2. You get paid less than the whole amount you were owed;3. You don't get paid at all. It all depends on the details of the loans and the bankruptcy.
Why are textbooks so expensive?
Because only a small number are printed. If you print a million of something, the costs are divided across that large number and it can be cheaper. Print only 10,000 and the "fixed" costs are now divided across 1/100 the number of books.
Why is it when a show or movie has subtitles, we can’t help but read them?
Two things 1. Remember how you spent the first several years of your life sitting in rooms reading stuff all day? and then you go to work and read stuff all day?, etc, etc. Your brain does - so when it sees words, even without you telling it to, it goes "ooh, I know what to do here" and reads them. The brain just gets conditioned to read words that it becomes automatic. You can notice yourself doing this in other parts of your life too where you will automatically read stuff even if you weren't specifically trying to focus on it 2. Often in movies where there's dialogue being exchanged between two characters there's not that much else going on but the subtitles are changing, so they are actually the most "interesting" thing happening. Next time your watching a movie with subtitled but not trying to pay attention to the subtitles pay attention to when you pay attention to them and you'll probably notice that you're more likely to notice what the subtitles are doing when there isn't much else going on than you are during the action sequences.
Why do we have to pay for internet? And why is there a limit?
You're not paying for "the internet". You're paying for a company to *connect* you to the internet. They build the infrastructure, they run a lot of very high-end, very specialised equipment, and they spent a *lot* of money on it. They're not going to let you use those for freeThe Internet is a network. We say that nobody "owns" the Internet because that term refers to the connection between many different computers; you can own a server or a cable but not the concept of the Internet itself. To connect to the Internet, your computer needs to route through many servers and cables. These cost money to install, maintain and expand, which is part of the job of the Internet service provider. That's why you have to pay your ISP for access. By "limit," are you referring to caps on data transfer? It actually doesn't really matter to the ISP that much how much data you are transferring in total, but it cares about the peak demand, since that determines what the capacity of the network should be. More capacity costs more money. Data caps are just one way for the ISP to generate income to cover its costs and make a profit; ISPs generally think that billing methods more accurate to what you cost specifically would be confusing to consumersThe internet is a series of computers that are all connected to one another, using a commonly agreed upon way to communicate. Someone has to maintain the connections between those computers - there are millions of miles of copper and fiber optic cables, thousands of servers to direct traffic, hundreds of servers to perform DNS lookups etc - in order to keep the internet going. While no single entity owns the entire internet, companies do own and maintain parts of the communication system. Its fair that you have to pay them to use those systems, since they had to pay to build and maintain them.
What and how can start a natural bushfire?
Lighting mainly. When a volcano is conveniently located that will suffice. Plus if you have a decent damp pile of plant matter as it decays it can just get hot enough to burn.There are plenty of hot things in nature. Lightning being the main culprit. The Australian bush is designed to burn. That how it germinates. Dry leaves and hot summers and it doesn't take much
Why must we let a steak "rest" for best flavor, but that just makes it cold?
You just need to let it rest for 5-10 minutes before cutting into it. When you cut it right away after removing from heat, you will notice the plate will fill with liquid. That liquid is full of flavor that the steak losesYou aren't supposed to wait until it's cold. Heating the meat makes the proteins "tense" up, thus pushing juices out, when you let the meat rest the proteins loosen up some and reabsorb the juices.
Why can you hear the voices in the apartment above you so easily, but not the voices in the apartment below you?
Because sound travels through the solid medium . On the floor above, people are directly in contact with the surface; while on the floor below, you're only depending on the noise traveling through air and noise traveling in air is divided into reflected, absorbed and transferred, major percentage of which, is reflected.
How comes different phone chargers take widely different time to charge the same phone,despite all being rated 5V 1A?
The usb standard originally allowed for only 500mA to be drawn per port. This isn't really enough for smartphones and especially power hungry tablets etc., so the manufacturers came up with a way for chargers to indicate they were willing to supply more power to the device. The device charging circuit can then draw more power than that safely - without that signaling the device could try to draw more than the charger/port can supply and possibly burn it out. Sadly there were different methods chosen - some short together the data leads, some use different resistors between them or between them and the ground pin etc. The wrong charger/cable with the wrong device won't step up to the higher current. I've just bought a small gadget from dealextreme which sits in the usb port and tells you how much current is being drawn from it. My cables vary from 0.3 to 0.95A to the same device - I'm in the process of labeling them and exploring the various combinations of charger, cable and device. Tl;Dr it's complicated.
Why is mace (pepper spray) illegal in the UK?
There is no such concept as "defensive weapon" in any of the UK legal systems. Anything carried with the sole or primary intent of causing injury upon another is always considered an offensive weapon in the UK. Note that the perceived intent of usage is important. If you were carrying a baseball bat outside a town park at 11 o\'clock on a Sunday morning you 'd be highly unlikely to be stopped by the police. If you had the same bat outside the same park at 2am the police would almost certainly consider it an offensive weapon. Also note that defending yourself in a threatening situation is perfectly legal in the UK, as long as you use "proportional force" and that you haven't pre-armed yourself with a weapon.
Can I take any antibacterial medicine for any bacterial infection?
To answer your questions: no, and yes. Bacterial infections treated by antibiotics vary widely. There are gram negative and positive, cocci and bacilli and several other ways to isolate or classify organisms. A physician will order a culture/sensitivity test which takes several days to determine what cootie you're growing and what antibiotic it is most sensitive to. Antibiotic stewardship follows treating the infection with the least broad spectrum medicine available to avoid creating more resistant strains. Also remember the common cold is a virus which are not affected by antibiotics.
What is the force that causes you to think of someone moments before they call or text you?
Coincidence, confirmation bias and faulty memory. There are no special forces. Rather, sometimes when you happen to think of someone they will contact you soon after. More frequently when you happen to think of someone, they won't contact you at all. Human memories are fairly flawed. Some of us might think we are masters of remembering stuff, but really, we aren't. Maybe rough lines, but details? Nope. And our memories are quite easy to influence as well, both by others and by ourselves. All of this leads to the situation where you are more likely to remember those times you were thinking of someone and they just happened to call you. That makes you believe someone is always calling you as you think of them and you confirm your bias with your flawed recollection. Just grab a notepad and start marking down every time someone crosses your mind, even for a moment. Write down when these people call you. Do this for a week, and you'll quickly see that you think of people far more often than they call you, and them calling you is not related to you thinking about them.
Why does the U.S. military use exciting action commercials and other fanfare for recruiting rather than just telling us what the threat is?
Why does Bud Light have commercials of a guy playing ping-pong with Arnold Schwarzenegger instead of advertising its price and alcoholic content? Like any other advertiser, the Army spends millions trying to find the best way to sell themselves. The simplest answer is likely the exciting action commercials are the result of a group of very intelligent people studying data and crafting a pitch they think will attract the largest group of people. As with any commercial reaching millions, the results tend to be generic and inoffensive. There are many reasons I think they 'd avoid a "Hitler is killing all these people" commercial: * It's a complex situation. We're talking about a fifteen second commercial designed to grab your attention, not a WWII newsreel. * A commercial focusing on the enemy subconsciously reinforces the danger of serving in the armed forces. The single biggest downside to joining the military is that you could end up dead, and they obviously want to avoid anything that could reinforce that idea. * Hot-headed assholes yelling "Let's go kill us some ISIS!" is NOT what the military wants. The keywords they use instead are the more important indicators of military success that they're looking for. * Our enemy isn't exactly the most politically correct. The White House [refuses to even use the term "radical Islam when referring to people like the Charlie Hebdo murders, for fear of alienating American Muslims and Muslim allies. The armed forces are likewise strongly recruiting Arabic-speakers and Muslim-Americans, and angry faces with turbans on your commercials won't help.
What are the differences between the North and the South Pole?
The North Pole is in the middle of the water, usually covered by ice , and has polar bears, but no penguins. The South Pole is on land and has penguins, but no polar bears. Also, the North Pole is in the Northern Hemisphere and the South Pole is in the Southern Hemisphere.North Pole points towards the Pole Star. The South Pole is exact opposite considering the Earth is a globe. The North Pole is on water/ice whereas South Pole is on land You can correlate the poles with Earth's magnetic field, however the magnetics poles are at slightly different location than the geographic poles. Edit: Also, the poles can shift because of movement within the Earth's crust.The North Pole is water/ice surrounded by land. The South Pole is land/ice surrounded by water.
What exactly makes some genes dominant and others recessive?
I remember that this was explained on Ask Science a year ago ; here's the link to the answer given, as it's really nice: _URL_0_ To paraphrase the analogy: Genes code for different things. Some genes code for different structural proteins. You can think of these genes as coding for bricks. Our "good" alleles code for rectangular bricks, and bad alleles code for spherical bricks. If you have one gene for each, you're going to be making both spherical bricks & rectangular bricks. But that's a problem - your building needs all rectangular bricks, and having some spheres and some rectangles doesn't build your building. You have loss of function, so that negative trait is dominant. In contrast, if a gene codes for an enzyme, it's likely to be recessive. These are like building trucks. A good truck works, and a bad one doesn't work. But, if you have some good trucks and some bad trucks , you might just have enough good trucks in total to transport the material you need from one place to another. Thus, we say that the bad trait is "recessive", because you're not going to experience full loss of function unless you have two bad alleles . Now, you might have some negative effects, particularly if you need a lot of the enzyme, but it's not going to be a total loss for the most part, and you may well be able to function on a day-to-day basis without major issuesIt all has to do with protein production. DNA codes for a certain protein which is how the trait is expressed. Take hair color for example: Brown hair is dominant over blonde, blonde hair is the absence of the protein for brown, so if there is even just one allele for brown you will have brown hair
How a recession causes lower gas prices.
Gas prices are largely driven by gas demand. The *demand* for gas however isn't usually driven by prices. That is, most people don't travel less just because gas costs more, they have a set number of miles they *have to* travel to live their lives. Well, if a bunch of people don't have jobs, and don't have any reason to shop, and can't afford to travel, suddenly they use less gas. Gas has to become cheaper to sell all the gas they can make that isn't being used.
Why trees produce different shapes/sizes of leaves.
A thing to remember about evolution is that so long as a trait works well enough, and doesn't kill an organism or weaken it to the point of applying direct evolutionary pressure, it will remain. Leaves are a balance between energy expenditure and energy production. Trial and error from mutation and different plant branches of the evolutionary tree will lead to variety.Sometimes nature just does stuff because some component of an organism's genetics changes due to a mutation and that mutation carries on to its descendants. If it's a mutation that adds some advantage, odds are a little better that it'll be retained in the long term than if it's a mutation that doesn't convey any advantage because the organisms with it are a little better off than the organisms without it. But the "harmless" mutations can still occur, and can still get carried on. Tree leaves are like this. Sometimes their leaves have become adapted to specific circumstances that are best for their environment , and sometimes their shape isn't really part of some grand survival strategy to work better than other leaves. So a maple leaf has lobes but an elm leaf does not. And a birch leaf has teeth around its outside but a lilac bush does not. And an ash tree will have compound leaves with lots of leaflets but a beech's leaves are simple. Each might convey SOME advantage or other, but regardless of whether or not that's true, each does its job and the customized shape isn't enough of a disadvantage to cause that tree to die out.
The five lesser-known types of magnetism?
Basically, magnetic fields happen because electrons have small magnetic fields. There are various ways they can prefer to behave in a material, giving rise to their magnetic properties. Diamagnetism is most noticeable when there are no unpaired electrons in a material. This negates the magnetic moment of the electrons . It opposes any external magnetic fields by messing with the magnetic moment of the electrons' orbit. Every material will do this, but most of the time, other effects overwhelm it. Paramagnetism is sort of the opposite, when there are unpaired electrons. Those unpaired ones can point any which way they please and thus, can line up with an external magnetic field, amplifying it. The magnetic moment of an electron is much greater than the magnetic moment of it's orbit, so this effect outweighs diamagnetism if there are unpaired electrons. Ferromagnetism is like paramagnetism, except that it's so strong, the amplified field can sustain itself. The field generated by other electrons in the material is strong enough to get other electrons in the material to also line up, so it can keep the field by itself. Antiferromagnetism is the opposite, the unpaired electrons want to oppose eachother, so they have no magnetic field. The reasons why this would happen instead of ferromagnetism have to do with complicated energy level nonsense in various materials. Ferrimagnetism forms sheets, kind of. Antiferromagnetic materials have every electron trying to be opposite of it's neighbor, so it forms a checkerboard. Ferrimagnetic materials form rows as they try to be the same alignment in one direction but opposite alignment in the other direction. This usually results in a net magnetic field like a ferromagnet. Superparamagnetism is only found in tiny pieces of ferro or ferrimagnetic materials. They're small enough that their temperature causes them to switch the alignment of their magnetic field too quickly to produce a stable magnetic field in any given direction. But when an external field is applied, they align. It's like paramagnetism, but because the material is a better magnet in the first place, it's stronger than normal paramagnetism.
How does my cat know to look at my eyes/face when communicating something?
It's been a common thing for workers in parts of the world to have to wear face masks on the back of their head because tigers won't attack if they think a person is looking at them. So this goes past domestication and is a hunter instinct. _URL_0_ And just as a tip for owning cats, look them int he eyes every now and then and deliberately blink. It's a sign of trust, as cats stare unblinkingly at people they don't trust.
OJ and the recently discovered knife can we still prosecute him or no since double jeopardy?
Without considering the Double Jeopardy, the knife was supposedly found years ago and kept by as a souvenir by a cop. It was only recently brought forward as evidence. Pure speculation, but it could be real hard to use it as evidence in court since it was handled improperly. Edit: improperly', "We couldn't prosecute him for murder. It's possible he could be prosecuted for tampering with evidence if it was proven he knew about the knife or buried it.The story is mostly bullshit. The alleged source of the knife and the sloppy chain of custody of it makes it worthless as legal evidence even if they find anything on itDouble jeopardy is meaningless. The chain of evidence is hopelessly fouled. This could never be brought as evidence against him.Hypothetically speaking: Say you have a man accused of murder, and he goes to trial. The jury then finds him not guilty due to lack of evidence. A year later, a video appears. In well-lit, high resolution video, the man who was found not guilty is very clearly shown committing the murder. There is no doubt that the video is authentic, it hasn't been faked in any way, and it clearly shows that the defendant is guilty. **Would the double jeopardy laws still prevent the murderer from being prosecuted?** . ^^For ^^the ^^sake ^^of ^^argument, ^^let's ^^say ^^that ^^the ^^video ^^was ^^shot ^^through ^^a ^^window ^^by ^^a ^^crazy ^^old ^^woman. ^^She ^^never ^^reported ^^its ^^existence, ^^but ^^her ^^son ^^found ^^the ^^video ^^in ^^her ^^house ^^when ^^the ^^woman ^^died. ^^Turns ^^out, ^^the ^^woman ^^had ^^been ^^secretly ^^filming ^^her ^^neighbors ^^for ^^decades.
Why do the body-cells age?
A few reasons. The most straightforward is that every time a cell copies it's DNA, it uses up a piece of the tail at the end of the DNA called the *telomere*. When a cell is out of telomere, fragments of the DNA itself start getting used and the cell goes into *telomere panic*. Each copy does damage to the DNA after that.
What is involved in porting a PS2 game like Metal Gear Solid 2 to Xbox 360/PS3 for an HD Collection?
PS2 and X360/PS3 have different processor architectures. Which means that the same piece of code means different things to those machines. That's where emulators come in. An emulator is a software that reads a code that's written for a certain processor and "translates" it to work on another processor. Now to make an emulator work, you have to have a very good understanding of how both processors work, so you can make the translation process as smooth as possible. If an indie team consisting of programmers who know how those architecture work at the lowest level, they can make it work, within the limits of both processors\' capabilities of course.
Why does the water spray from the shower feel cold when you're standing next to the beam itself, even if the water is warm?
I believe you are feeling tiny borderline microscopic droplets of water which due to their size lose their heat to the environment extremely quickly
why do empty folders contain 0 bytes of data? Don't folder names contain (even a few) bytes of data?
The contents of the folders are 0 bytes of data . It's like saying a real-life box contains 0 pounds. But the box itself isn't 0 pounds.
Do caterpillars know they they are going to become butterflies? Or do they just get in a cocoon thinking, what the fuck am I doing?
You're giving them too much credit. When you get to insects that small, and insects in general, scientist aren't even sure they're capable of abstract thought like that, they're closer to biological machine, who just do what they do on instinct alone, their brains aren't really complicated enough to make it seem credible that they can think like we can. Also, whoever commented bfore me, I'm pretty sure you've been shadow banned.The caterpillar, if not entirely, then almost entirely dies. It has been controversially suggested by respected scientists that caterpillars and butterflies are two separate species that have become a chimera - a hybrid of the two. [Source]', "WHERE DID YOU LEARN THAT KIND OF LANGUAGE YOUNG MAN!? Go to your time out corner this instant. And no, a caterpillar probably doesn't know it's going to turn into a butterfly. It likely gets into the cocoon for the same reason people go to sleep during the night: because it's body is telling it to do it.
What exactly causes Mouth ulcers?
Most are caused by unintentional damage such as biting. Recurring ones can be a sign of an underlying health issue. This may help_URL_0_
Why does food (meat, cheese, bread, vegetables) taste different when sliced thin vs thick?
I would guess it's because there's a greater surface area to volume ratio, so comparatively more of the food gets exposed to the air. The surface of the food will interact with oxygen in the air, affecting the flavor of whatever you are eating.
what is the real difference between a Prime Minister, President & a Premier of a country?
Many parliamentary democracies are republics as well, although some still have monarchs as their head of state . That last thing -- *head of state* -- is a key term here. The other term that goes with it is the *head of government*. The head of government heads the cabinet of ministers, and is often called the *prime* minister or simply the premier , but can also go by other titles, like chancellor. In some countries, like the US, this person is also the head of state in personal union. In others, like in most European countries, there is a distinct role as the head of state. Usually this is a president if it's a republic, or a monarch if not. If the role is distinct, it's usually mostly ceremonial, with some additional constitutional roles . Queen Elisabeth II, for example, is the head of state of well over a dozen countries from all over the world, but not the head of government in any of them. So, the important distinction here is between the head of state and the head of government, what they're called is just a matter of nomenclature and often rooted in tradition.
Nolo contendere, or Plea of No Contest
Normally, there are two possible pleas in court. Guilty or not guilty; "I admit I did it, go ahead and punish me" or "I don't admit I did anything, prove me wrong". In some cases, you are allowed to take a plea of no contest. This plea is saying "I don't admit I did it, but I'll let you go ahead and punish me anyway". While the immediate effect is the same as a guilty plea, depending on your jurisdiction there may be some secondary benefits to *nolo contendere*. For instance, under US federal rules, a guilty plea can be taken as an admission of guilt in some later court case, while a no contest plea cannot be.
CFL bulb maximum wattage.
1 watt isn't a big deal. 25 watts would create more heat than the fixture is designed for.
Who pays for anti-smoking ads, and why do they want us to quit?
Fun fact: the Truth anti-smoking ads are actually funded by the big tobacco comapnies. In the late 90's 47 states sued the tobacco industry for the medical financial burden their products put on the state's healthcare systems. Part of the settlement was that the tobacco companies had to fund the [American Legacy Foundation], a not-for-profit organization dedicated to the eradication of smoking. The ALF is responsible for the Truth advertising campaign.Smokers pay for those commercials with the tax they put on the cigarettesusually the government. they prefer having a healthy population so that tax money doesnt get lost trying to treat cancers and emphysemasWe all benefit from fewer people smoking. People who quit obviously reduce their risk of having smoking-related health issues, which in turn lowers the cost of the public health system taking care of people suffering such issues.In Australia, they're paid for by the Cancer Council of Australia
Why is the camera on the Mars rover so low quality?
We can, just not yet. These cameras are the initial landing cameras to make sure it survived the landing. Later this week, the fancy dancey cameras will spring up and give us lovely, awesome imagery. Although it's pretty awesome already in my opinion :)
Expiration dates for painkillers (details inside)
You are looking at date Filled vs date expired. Not date manufactured vs date expired. These drugs are created in large quantities but that doesnt mean they all get distributed at the same time. So the ones you got in 2013 and the ones you got in 2015 could have all been made in 2013. Drugs do expireAlso, expiration dates on medications are a date until which they are guaranteed to be 100% as effective as when manufactured. One of the pills, taken a year later, will still be safe but may only be say 90% as potent as when manufacturedDoctors have done studies to gauge the efficacy of medications past their due dates. Most antibiotics were indistinguishable from new even at 10, 20 or even 40 years past their due date. The due date is just so you buy more pills . Some notable exceptions include epi pens, insulin[This page], section 5, has a good breakdown on medications that you should NOT use past expiration. Most other medications in pill or tablet form retain good potency for many years.
How do pearls form?
Here's a hint- It's the same material as their shell. The sand is an irritant to the soft gooey creature, it can't reach to dislodge a grain of sand that is stuck, so it covers it in a layer of the same stuff the shell is made of. They get the minerals from their diet. Layer after layer it gets incrementally larger, just like the shell.
What happens when you charge a battery
Batteries make electricity when chemicals inside of the battery undergo a chemical reaction. Chemical A combines with chemical B to make chemical C + electricity. When chemical A and chemical B run out, the reaction has to stop. In chemistry, every reaction is reversible. If A + B make C + electricity, then C + electricity make A + B. When you charge a battery, you're giving chemical C electricity so that it can make A + B again. Once chemical A + B are back, the original reaction can happen again: you've recharged the battery by restoring the original chemicals so that the reaction can happen again.
why are there only ever 2 or 3 NFL games available on tv each Sunday, instead of 5-10 like for college games?
> many games available on standard cable packages like college? Because they make more money the way it is currently setup. It's pretty simple at that. They have limited games on broadcast TV which they charge crazy rates for, which in turn is a limited amount of games people can watch which means everyone is watching them and the networks can charge crazy rates for ads. The NFL then sells exclusive access to Sunday Ticket to DirecTV for a giant rate to make even more money. The NFL is unarguably the best league in the world of sports at crafting and learning how to extract maximum value from their TV rights. Other leagues like the English Premier League, UEFA, NBA and such are all learning from the NFL's examples on how to craft TV deals, the NFL is just the best at it.
How come old people sound "old". I'm not sure how else to explain it but they just sound different and harder to understand?
The cartilages in the vocal tract calcify and stiffen and the muscles get weaker. It makes their voice breathier and makes it more difficult to keep the pitch and loudness steady.In addition to /u/Holyrush's comment, it could be due to accent differences amongst generations.
Why do Humans (and most mammals) have individual teeth instead of a beak or solid bony structure?
Only reason I can think of is, if one of em breaks, we can still chew', "We can really only speculate since evolution has decided this is the best thing for us. Individual teeth have some advantages though with the main one being specialization. We have teeth both for tearing foods and grinding while birds and such don't.
Why do people look away from the point of focus to think?
If you look away there's no stimuli trying to get your attention. You can look at a blank wall and not have anything stimulating you while you search your head for the answer.
Why are there ashtrays on planes?
The average lifespan of a commercial jet is 30 years. Smoking was banned on planes in the US in 1988, 24 years ago.Because if someone were to light up a cigarette they still need a safe place to put it out. There is way too much paper waste in the trash cans that could potentially start a fire in flight were a butt to be just tossed in. Its an FAA requirement, along with all the No Smoking placards. Edit: im talking about the ashtrays around the lavatory doors. If you saw one on your arm rest that's just an older design. Some airlines are putting caps over them and some don't bother.
How come humans generally get into cold water slowly and uncomfortably, but animals jump in with no hesitation?
If you think animals are not afraid of water you have never tried to bath a horse or take one through a puddle. lol. Humans know there is a choice, that water can be warm or cold.. or even too hot. Animals know the temperature of the lakes/streams as being what they are.. they don't see any reason to be silly and enter it slowly if they need to cross, but sometimes you will see them entering water slowly when they are not in a hurry. Maybe you need to be around nature more.
What's the difference between tornadoes, hurricanes, cyclones, typhoons etc?
All are spinning masses of air. Tornadoes are much smaller than the others being only a matter of yards across. A cyclone is air spinning around a low pressure system and can be used regardless of the size. Cyclone is also used for a violent tropical storm, especially one originating in the southwestern Pacific Ocean or Indian Ocean. Hurricanes and typhoons are the same thing. If it's in the Atlantic it's called a hurricane and if it's in the Pacific around south East Asia china and Japan it's called a typhoon. Hurricane can also be used for any wind with a speed over 73mph.They are regional titles .Western Hemisphere hurricanes tend to be the strongest I believe, particular those that reach the gulf stream.These storms occur in warm, tropical regions and rely on warm water to sustain themselves.Tornados are moving columns of air often formed in places where cold and warm fronts converge.It's whether the person getting blown is Oklahoman, Jamaican, Indian or Taiwanese.
How does "The lion Whisperer" on youtube interact with lions and hyenas? Can't they just turn things around him any minute?
With any animal it comes down to training and experience. Same thing can happen with dog trainers and happens all the time. Lots of dog trainers for the police department have been bit by there trainees it is a hazard of the job. Roy of Siegfried & Roy career ended after being ”attacked” by one of there own lions.
Why do I have the sudden urge to cough while using Q-Tips?
Ok, so basically, you have two cranial nerves that supply sensation to your throat, oral cavity, larynx, trachea, and external ear canal. When you insert a Q-tip, it stimulates these nerves, causing a discharge of signals to your brain. These nerves aren't completely separated, so your brain senses an irritation in your throat, which triggers the cough reflex. This same association of nerve impulses causes many people to feel they have a sore throat/earache when in fact their ears are free of infection. Hope this helps!
Why are pregnant women restricted from roller coasters, hot tubs, flights, etc?
Something tells me that subjecting a fragile developing fetus to large gravitational forces isn't a great idea. Nor is the general large increase in blood pressure.
EILI5: The whole Viva Revolution with Che Guevara?
Che Guevara was one of the leaders of the Cuban Revolution of the 1950s with Fidel Castro. He now enjoys immense popularity as a t-shirt.
Why do they bother to try and "hide" cell phone towers?
Because it simply looks more aesthetically pleasing. Cell phone towers are an eyesore', "Same reason LA hides their oil rigs in the city, they're ugly and nobody wants to look at them. Doesn't matter if we rely on them, we still don't want to see them
Full Faith and Credit in the US
US states can't deny the validity of legal documents in other states. So if I own some property in Texas, and I bring that up as evidence in an Oklahoma court case, the court can't decide it doesn't count because it's from the wrong state.