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Why do computers/programs freeze/crash?
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It means theyre working. when you get to the theoretical side of computer science, it's actually impossible to tell when something is in an infinite loop, or just taking a very long time. Generally, the computer has just come across a large amount of data it must go through, or may perhaps be waiting on a callback from some other program it dispatched. You see this a lot if you 've ever downloaded a small application from someone instead of a big budget program. sometimes when you feed a simple program lots of data it will "not respond" for hours on end because it's working really hard sorting through all the data you just gave it, and not responding to the operating system's requests for activity because it can't. Generally speaking, unless you have a logic flaw, the program will finish sometime, but you have no way of knowing when this will occur if you don't know how the program works or how much data was given to it', "They are given an instruction that they can't complete. One time my family lined up, and each of us called for my youngest sibling to come to us. He waddled up until he got about 10 feet away. Not knowing who to go to, he sat on the ground and cried. That's the computer crash
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How much of the music does a songwriter actually write?
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It is sort of complicated. Generally, the person credited as the "writer" comes up with the main composition, or chord structure and melody for the song. For instance- Sting is listed as the sole composer for "Every Breath You Take", because he came up with the chord structure- but when you think about that song, it is Andy Summers\' guitar riff that probably comes to mind. However- Sting pulls in a reported $2k per day in royalties, while Summers gets squat. The thought being that the other musicians are merely playing along to the already "composed" structure of the song. Yes- they are still "writing" their parts- but the structure already existed.It depends on the band, and the musicians. As a general rule of thumb most musical acts are directed by a producer though. Even classic musicians like The Beatles or The Doors were heavily produced. If you want to see the full credits for a song find it on [Discogs] and be sure to check out both the credits which are for a specific song, and the album credits which apply to all the songs on an album. Occasionally things are left out on the website, but it's generally very good and comprehensive.
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Why do we use implants for breast enlargement instead of something biological like stomache fat?
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Fat is a living tissue. Transplants of living tissue are more expensive and have higher risk of complications. Implants are biologically inert and relatively easy to implantThis actually is a thing, but you have to use large amounts of fat as not all of it "takes" and has arguably more complication potential than implants . The Wikipedia page for "Breast Augmentation" has a rather large section devoted to the method you should check out.This is a thing, relicating the fat and 'sculpting' the area youre taking fat from with liposuction, they then sterilize the fat, and reinject it but into the breasts this time. The only issue is that a lot of the time the fat will be reabsorbed and the procedure has to be re-done. No gangreen or completely disgusting affects unless its done improperly/with insterile equipment.Might also have to do with the structure of the breast and how the added fat is stored, stomach/thigh fat is used in Brazilian butt lifts so obviously fat transplants can work
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Why does the svartifoss waterfall cliff have squares
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It looks like [basalt pillars] erroded from the bottom. Basalt, due to the crystalline structure or something like that, naturally forms these shapes.According to the paragraph under the picture, they are hexagons, but I agree they look square. Anyway, if you use Ameoba's idea of the natural basalt crystals, plus that paragraph, which talks about repeated heat and cooling, it's a pretty good explanation.
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How to catch up/develop a well informed opinion on world news and politics?
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Personally, I like Christian Science Monitor and The Economist. The BBC is also good for factual stories on world events.Not sure this is exactly the right subreddit to ask this question, but I would advise the most important thing is to read from a *variety* of sources. There are a number of places I personally get my news from, but you should also be aware of their political bent. The New York Times for an example, is great and all for US politics. It's very liberal, but a lot of world events gets plopped into "World Briefing" and don't get full articles. The Wall Street Journal has a conversative bent. They're similarly awesome and reputable to the NYT. The Economist is a great weekly British magazine. You can get a lot of non-US world news exposure there. Their articles are more obviously opinionated , but they're very well-written. Slate and The Nation are both really leftist. Everything's an opinion piece.Seconding what's already been said. Variety is key. - Christian Science Monitor has good international reporting, mainly because they still have bureaus where most other US newspapers have downsized . - I try to read both The Guardian and The Times of London to get a varied British perspective . BBC is good for getting quick headlines, but doesn't quite match up depth-wise. - Al-Jazeera catches flak from the Middle East for being anti-Arab and from the U.S. for being anti-American, but their coverage of the Arab Spring was better than anywhere else, so I read it pretty regularly.- Finally, if you're interested in military/defense and politics, [Small Wars Journal's daily Roundup] is a great source for quick headlines from a variety of sources.[The Atlantic] is very sophisticated yet unbiased. Especially the regular columnists.
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The political structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Bosnia and Herzegovina consists of two "entities", Republika Srpska and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The borders between these two are more or less defined by the territory the opposing forces of the Bosnian war held. The two entities are mostly autonomous, but they are both represented internationally by the government of Bosnia and Herzegovina . There is one citizenship, and people are free to travel between the two entities. There is also the Brčko District which is an area which is shared by the two entities. The Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina is further split up into cantons which govern themselves to some degree.Well, BiH has 3 presidents, one for each ethnic group. The Dayton Accords really aims at equal, power sharing among Bosnian Serbs, Croats, and Muslims, but the framework created at Dayton has proven to be pretty divisive. Also, interestingly, the highest political power in the Bosnia is called the High Representative, also stipulated by the Dayton framework. The High Representative's job is to implement the peace plan, apparently. But the High Representative isn't actually representative of the Bosnian people as the job has only gone to diplomats and politicians from other countries, namely EU countries, and they don't have to answer to any elected official within Bosnia, itself.
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The ItWorks! business model.
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[This article] suggests that, as you might expect, it's very hard to get anywhere near the income advertised.
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Tomatoes and peppers are native to the Americas. Why are they identified with traditional Italian/Indian/Chinese/etc food?
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A handful of centuries is an extremely long time. I wouldn't be surprised if the foods you mention almost completely supplanted traditional foods in Asia and Europe. Many New World crops offered vastly superior yields and nutritional value -- the introduction of potatoes to northern Europe caused an increase in available food which was followed by an increase in population which in turn necessitated the growing of more and more potatoes to feed the area's population. If I recall correctly the yam or possibly the sweet potato had the same effect in China. Regarding your original question, though; try Google or Wikipedia.
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Why are nike shoes $150 or more and how do they enhance performance in sports?
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It's a fashion statement mostly. Don't get me wrong - there's some technology and research there, but not nearly enough to really affect, well, anything that much. You may jump a few millimeters higher through some new bouncy sole and lighter material. And there is some stability enhancements that will slightly reduce the risk of a rolled ankle. And some fabric may allow the foot to "breathe" a hair better. But in the end, it's clever marketing.It's all just marketing. They can charge whatever the market will bear. As for performance; the best thing you can do is find pair of shoes that's comfortable at a price you can afford.
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How all these big websites lately have been getting their data hacked.
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Properly securing websites is one of those things where if you're doing your job right, no one notices. If you're doing it wrong, no one notices until you get compromised. This is why it often doesn't get enough attention. In addition, because various sites are architected in many different ways in terms of software and topology, there's no one "right way" to secure things. Whereas there exist best practices for Wordpress blogs for example, time must be spent to determine where more complex systems are vulnerable. That doesn't excuse basic mistakes like not salting passwords or leaving database ports open, however. Some of the recent attacks are not technological, but rather are social engineering. If users are giving away their credentials, there's no foolproof solution.
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why is depression so common in our species when the ultimate goal is to pass genes on? Isn't that counterproductive?
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Humans, because of the society we have made for ourselves, don't necessarily need to respond to environmental pressures genetically when it comes to passing on our genes. A person with clinical depression in our society can be treated and still have sex. It's not preventing genes from being passed on, and that's the question you always have to answer when you're thinking about why x wasn't "fixed" by evolution. If it doesn't prevent sex, you're not going to see any genetic fixes.
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The "Economic gap" between the "1%" and the "99%"
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This is obviously a very complicated question, ~~Nobel Prize winning~~ economist Thomas Piketty set out to explore it in his book Capital. What it comes down to is this: If you make enough money to keep you alive, you will never get any richer. Every day you will earn $5 and at the end of the day you will have $0 left, and so the cycle repeats until you die. But if you earn $6, you can put away some of that money. You can save $1 a day and put it in a bank account. You can set the money to work, *to make you more money*. For the super-rich, this is even more extreme. The more money you make, the more you can invest, and the more you make off of those investments that you can then re-invest. It's a positive feedback loop.The top "1%" has a very America-centric vibe to it. It often means the 1% in countries that are wealthy, not the 1% for the world. If you earn more than $70,000/year congratulations you're a 1%er. One of the problems with the 0.1% is that they accumulate money but don't spend it. In economics with your surplus income you should invest it so that you can earn more. But a lot of these guys just sit on a giant pile of cash. Other 1%ers have similar behaviors, although not as extreme. I invest 15% of my income every year but 20-25% of it is just sitting in a rainy day savings account. Why this way of working is particularly bad for the economy is that it means less investment, less opportunities, less jobs, and less consumerism .One guy with a billion dollars doesn't spend money the same way as a million guys with a thousand dollars. The rich tend to keep each other richer. Not always on purpose, but just how the system is in regards to what money ends up where.
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What would happen if you were quiet for years?
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The vocal folds are mucous membranes. Unlike muscles, which can atrophy and deteriorate from lack of use, using or not using the vocal cords doesn't really make a huge difference in their well-being. You might have some voice breaking or stammering when you try to speak again after a long time, but it's not like they would waste away from lack of use. I believe that the biggest impact from lack of speaking would be more psychological. If you're in a situation where you can manage to not speak for any reason, you probably will not have a lot of human contact, which can affect your mental health in various different ways.
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Can imaginary numbers be represented visually?
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One very helpful concept that helped me understand complex numbers is [this]. It makes a lot more sense when you think about it in the way described above. Real numbers lie on a real number line, going forward for positive numbers and going backward for negative numbers. But imaginary numbers force you to deviate off the real number line by rotating about the origin and going off in that directionEvery time you start with a number and multiple it by sqrt four times, you end up back where you started, but first you pass through the opposite of where you started. Right? This behavior is a lot like the circular motion you see from, say, the minutes-hand on a clock ever four quarters of an hour it is back where it started, but after two quarters of an hour it is on the opposite side of the clock. So imaginary numbers are useful for tracking circular motion.
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How do news outlets get a hold of all those secret tapes and documents that they reveal exclusively?
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These usually come from whistleblowers or people who leak the info. Some news organizations pay for stuff, like TMZ or the National Enquirer. Most media companies don't pay . Usually sources give this stuff freely for a couple of reasons: - They want to expose corruption.- They have an ax to grind against a person or organization. - They want some fame or notoriety.
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The difference between race versus ethnicity.
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Simplistically and quite generally, race is what most people think of as one's physical form, and is based on outward appearance. Ethnicity is what most people think of as one's background, and is based on things like language, clothing, religious customs, etc. There are no hard lines between these designations, some overlap, and their definition is also very fluid, depending on the preconceptions and background of the observer themselves. Generally, when thinking of race, an observer will describe someone as being Black, or Asian, or White. This same observer might describe that persons ethnicity as being Jamaican, Vietnamese, or Polish. There are all sorts of problems with these kinds of artificial designations, the most important of which is that there really is no such thing as race]" *per sé** race = biological, based on DNA* ethnicity = social, based on groups', "I think /u/verticaljeff has it right. Race is usually broken down into a few big categories based on our development over thousands of years: caucasian, negroid and mongoloid were the races in old-school anthropology, but you could also group races as African, European, Native American, Asian, etc. Ethnicity would be a finer grouping based on culture and self-identification, like being Scottish instead of just being European. Scotland has a cultural history and identity, Europe doesn't . The lines really are blurry depending on the context. African-American and Black are largely interchangeable in the US, but the culture, history, and identity would really be better described with being African-American as Black could describe any number of cultures all over the world. The whole thing is really an artificial categorization so there's bound to be some wiggle room between the two.Race typically refers to the physical characteristics of a person, while ethnicity refers to the social/cultural group you identify with. They are not interchangeable, but sometimes seem that way because some race terms are also used as ethnic terms and vice-versa. Source: _URL_1_
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Why do we get so much satisfaction out of popping things?
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It's actually pretty simple. When we get surprised or something happens suddenly, our brains send blood and endorphins through our body. Popping something provides us with a "controlled" surprise where we know we are going to be surprised and we also know that we wont be harmed. So we get the benefits of being surprised without the risk.I think it's a cleansing thing we LOVE to pop pimples and blisters on our bodies. Everyone who enjoys /r/popping can back me up. Biologically it makes sense to expunge bacteria from our bodies, my guess is that feeling of relief appeals to our mirror neurons and somehow it also transfers to things like bubble wrap.
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How do grown up (no longer in school) "bullies" work?
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Well, its probably not a good idea to think of "bullies" like they are a separate population with their own tactics and strategy. Most people that we would consider bullies are just regular people like you or me, and I can guarantee that we 've all acted like bullies a time or two ourselves. Have you ever been rude to someone? Been forcefully angry with someone? Tried to force someone to do something? Teased or mocked someone? Made someone feel bad? What benefits did you receive from doing it? How did you pick your victims? How did you work? Answer those questions, and you'll understand.
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Why do we, and all other animals, breath and use oxygen when nitrogen is so much more available in the atmosphere?
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The nitrogen gas molecule is extremely stable and hard to crack apart. Most living organisms can't do it - most of the biological nitrogen in existence came from specialized bacteria. On the other hand, the oxygen gas molecule is highly reactive, meaning its energy can be harnessed for useful chemical reactions, like those that support life.
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What is it about potatoes that makes them go so well with so many different foods?
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Potatoes are have a relatively neutral flavor. This means they can take on the flavors of other foods without greatly disrupting the flavor profile. They're also cheap way to add bulk and calories to a meal. Recall that calories are only a bad thing in societies and ages of affluence. In times and places where food is scarce, the goal is to get as many calories as you can into a meal because you don't know whether you're going to eat well next time. Even though we may not have such problems in some places today, it's still why the potato became an integral part of various cuisines in the first place.Watch this short informational video about potatoes, it will clear everything right up. Potatoes are really amazing _URL_0_
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How are police sketch artists able to draw people relatively accurately based on descriptions?
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It's something of an open question whether they are all that accurate. Often they are accurate only in the gross details and aren't otherwise recognisable. It's quite rare for a suspect to be identified purely on the basis of an accurate sketch, though.
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Why do most song lengths seem to fall between 2 and 4 minutes?
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Much of the answer has to do with the length limitations of vinyl 7" 45 rpm singles, which for many years were the primary means of promoting a single song. You can only fit about 3 minutes of music onto a 45 rpm single. So historically, if you wanted to write a hit pop song, you had to keep it under that length. More here: [Why Are Songs On The Radio About The Same Length?][Billy Joel explains it in The Entertainer] > "It was a beautiful song, / but it ran too long / If you're gonna have a hit, you gotta make it fit / So they cut it down to 3:05."Top 10 charts have a lot to do with it. If you have 10 songs at 3 minutes each, you can get them all into a 30 minute radio segmentIt has to do with which kind of music you're talking about, and how it came to be. Most modern music is influenced by the radio station format, where it's convenient to have songs that span between 3 to 4 minutes tops. You'll even find "radio edits" of longer songs.There is also the format: early vinyl records were 10 inches in diameter and held only 3 minutes. Jukeboxes play 45 rpm records, and they span 3 minutes. So artists/record companies made songs that fit that length. If you look at classic music instead, you'll that symphonies are way longer than 3 minutes. Some of it was created for theater plays, or just orchestra. Since people would go to a venue and sit down to listen, lengthy pieces were expected. In less popular modern music timings vary a lot too. Most of these artists are not concerned with radio play, so they just do whatever they want, or what the genre they play expects of them.So you can find super short songs: _URL_3_Or really lengthy ones: _URL_2_ In short, length depends on the purpose of the music, the format, its audience, etc.
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Why is Kim Davis being held in contempt of court instead of just being fired for insubordination?
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tl;dr: Elected officials cannot be fired - they must resign or they must be removed from office through impeachment proceedings. Kim Davis is an elected official. So she cannot be "fired." There are two ways that she can be removed from office - by impeachment and by resignation. In the same way, President Obama cannot be "fired." He can be impeached by the Senate or he can resign from office. An interesting wrinkle is that the legislature in Kentucky does not meet throughout the year . So the legislature would need to call a special session to remove her from office through impeachment proceedings . Kim Davis is being held in contempt because she has refused to comply with an order issued by a judge. She can comply by resigning, being impeached, or deciding to do her job in compliance with the Constitution She's an elected official. Under the KY Constitution she can only be removed via impeachment. Source: [Sections 66-68 KY Constitution], in particular Section 68
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What is that falling feeling you get in your stomach when you go down a hill in a car or rollercoaster
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Did you ever jump into a cool swimming pool or river or something, and notice after five minutes or so that it's no longer cold? That's because your body 'gets used' to things after a bit. Your body is used to gravity . So you don't even notice that your insides and the content of your insides, are all under one gee of gravity, because it's always been that way. But get on that roller coaster and you're exposed to sometimes-more, sometimes-less gees of gravity that make your innards heavier or lighter, as well as anything in them. So you have upward pressure in your belly region and throat and their content when you round the crest of a big hill at speed, and downward pressure when you hit that curve at the bottom. And the best your brain can translate that to is a falling feeling.Im no proffessional, but I do remmeber reading about this once . So bare with me, that falling feeling in your stomach is actually the opposite of falling, its floating, your internal organs arent ecactly bolted into place. So when you fall quickly your organs actually float for a moment before you land again and they land too. Causing you too have a weightless feeling in your stomachDoes anyone know why exhaling a deep breath throughout the descent lessens this falling feeling?', "Going with what other people have said, it's a matter of the sudden intensity of the shift. Believe it or not, traditional sky-diving doesn't have any 'roller coaster' sensation, because your body is already in motion from the plane. You won't get any of the shift-shock until the chute opens. That, and the sensation of 'butterflies in your stomach' is your adrenal glands firing off in the middle of your torso, so that helps.
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Why is the sea made out of salt water?
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Almost all natural water contains salts and other minerals including rivers and sweet water lakes just in different levels. Rivers flow constantly so the salt they pick up from the ground does not have time to build up to the point where it tastes salty. But oceans and lakes get all of this salt poured into them by the rivers where it builds up until even we can taste it. Some more info: _URL_0_', "According to most scientist, the earth is millions of years old. During those millions of years, the sea has been evaporated be the sun and has rained and the land many times over. But every time it rains on the land, it picks up tiny pieces of rock and gunk called minerals. These minerals then wash into the sea with the rain. But when the sea evaporates, the minerals are left behind, and only the water leaves, and then more and more minerals are washed in by the rain. Now over the millions and millions of years that this has happened over and over, most of these minerals have either just fallen out of the water onto the sea floor, or they've been used by sea plants and animals to grow. Most of what's left behind is salt, like the salt that you put on your food. This is why the sea tastes salty.Basically because rivers all have lower amounts of salt in them, which they bring to the sea. But when water in the sea evaporates it leaves behind the salt, thereby slowly moving the salt into the seaBecause every time a whale ejaculates he releases over [400 gallons] of semen.
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What do investment bankers actually do? Goldman Sachs, etc.
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treedick is speaking about regular banks that give loans..not investment bank. Let's take Goldman Sachs' Investment Banking division Basically, they underwrite securities. Facebook is going public, they go to an investment bank to help them raise capital. Investment banks are financial intermediaries.
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What is bad about universities like the University of Phoenix and DeVry?
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They admit anyone who has the money to pay them, regardless of whether they are ready or able to do the coursework. They provide subpar education at excessive cost. Their graduates tend to find themselves not particularly employable, and in a lot of debt.
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How do wireless speakers work?
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Just like radio. There is a transmitter and a reciever. In the case of Bluetooth, the transmitter is something like a smartphone. Then the speaker recieves the signal, and amplifies it.
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Why does touching the contacts on a 9-volt battery not shock you, but something like putting your finger in an electrical outlet will?
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here ya' go: _URL_1_ While potential is 9v, the current is very low. The batteries ability to shock is negligible. As is 120v given low current. However most home circuits are breakered to 15 or 20 amps. More than enough to kill a person who sticks a fork or tongue in an outlet. As for the difference in voltage vs current, that is described in ohms law. So where a 120vac circuit can provide 20 amps, a 240 volt circuit only need to provide 10 amps for the same power. That's why may appliances use 240vac. The current necessary to carry is half. A Van de Graph generator can produce 10's of thousands of volts. The current is negligible. Go ahead touch it. _URL_2_ Here is a good study on volts x amps _URL_0_", 'If I remember correctly, it takes somewhere in the neighborhood of 17-20 volts of electrical potential to pass the poorly conductive barrier of dry skin. If you wet your finger you will feel it. Try connecting 4 of those batteries in parallel and close the loop with your dry finger. If you really want to science, take some 1.5 volt batteries and use combinations of 9 and 1.5V to find the approximate number where electrical potential will cross your skin and shock you
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how do people deep fry ice cream? Wouldn't it melt?
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First of all the ice cream for this is frozen at extremely cold temps, then it is quickly battered and fried, so while the ice cream softens up a little .it is still plenty cold.It's not the ice cream that's fried. It's coated in batter, basically a thin layer of donut around the whole thing. The dough is fried and insulates the ice cream.
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On what grounds can a gaming company sue an individual for creating gameplay hacks? (Aimbots, etc?)
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When you pay for software, you're not actually buying it- you're buying a *license* for the right to use the copy that you have. This may seem like a minor difference, but legally this allows the owner of the software to determine *how* you're allowed to use it. The details of licensing are found in the EULA, which most people don't read. In practice it rarely crops up, but it gives the software company leverage in their back pocket if they ever need it. Included in the license agreements may be the right to revoke access without notification, the right to collect information about your usage of the software, & c. _URL_0_
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Why does my nose get runny when I eat/drink something hot.
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Spicy foods irritate the mucus membranes in your head and lungs. Your body reacts to this by making you create mucus, to coat and protect you from whatever may be causing the irritation. You also tear to protect your eyes, which drains into your nose, exacerbating your snot nose. You can also sweat because your body thinks it's overheating, and is trying to cool itself down. I always put some hot sauce on my food and over time you gain a sort of resistance. Can be a fun way to win bets.
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Someone dies before they get a chance to retire. What happens to all of their social security benefits?
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US Social Security works less like a piggy bank, and more like a Ponzi Scheme . Unlike most pension plans, citizens do not have individual "Social security accounts" which they pay into while they're working, and later withdraw from when they're retired. Instead, every currently working citizen pays into one big pool, which is used to support citizens who are currently retired. When a citizen retires, they're not supported by the money paid in by their *own* generation, but by the generations which are currently working. If a veteran police officer gets shot two days before his retirement, nothing special happens to "his social security benefits", because there was no specific package of benefits with his name on them yet. There is, however, a system of benefits for widows and orphans. [Ida May Fuller] of Vermont, ~~Social Security Number 000-00-0001~~, began paying payroll taxes into the Social Security system in 1937. She retired in November 1939 , and collected the very first monthly social security check in January 1940. She continued receiving benefits for 35 years, until her death at the age of 100.Immediate family of the deceased are eligible to receive the deceased benefits under certain situations, in part or full. Kids get less than spouses. When an unmarried, no kids, divorced, or already widowed person died, the payment liability disappears. The gov doesn't have to pay anyone.
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Is Magneto (from X-Men) good or bad?
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Think of Magneto as ideologies. X-Men has always been a metaphor for people who are different, marginalized, etc. Thinking back to the Civil Rights struggles of the 1960's , you had people advocating non-violent protest and you had people who were, well, not necessarily violent, but definitely more militant . Both had more or less the same goals, but their methods and messages were different. Charles Xavier is MLK, Magneto is Malcolm X. They did have to write things in to make Magneto be more towards the "bad" sides when talking about mutant superiority , which isn't related at all to civil rights, but the Professor and Magneto started at the same point and divergedHe is a shade of grey. His motives are good, but his methods are immoralMisguided. He wants to create a utopia for his species, at the expense of billions of innocent members of another species.In my mind, he's neither entirely good nor bad. Certainly he's got the best interests of mutants as his primary motivation, and he does tend to be harsh against those who stand in his way, but the fact that he's even willing to talk to Xavier, and even work with him if necessary, suggests someone who is less than entirely bad. And from some of the things that he said in DoFP, I'd even suggest that, at least for old Magneto, he's probably more good than bad.
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Why does Bayern Munchen/Munich have the 2 names, and which one is "correct"?
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Its official German name is "Fußball-Club Bayern, München e.V.", normally abbreviated to "FC Bayern München" or just "Bayern München". "München" is the name of the city -- its German name. To English-speaking people, the city is better known as "Munich", so in English-speaking countries the club is known as "Bayern Munich". That's not its official name, but the English version of the abbreviation of its official name. Of course, "Bayern" is German for "Bavaria", so you might expect the English name to be "Bavaria Munich". But English-speakers have no problem pronouncing "Bayern", so it's left as it is. "München", on the other hand, is really difficult for English-speakers: the sound written "ch" does technically exist in most English dialects but never in the middle of a word like this; while the sound written "ü" doesn't exist in English at all. As a result, English-speakers simply can't pronounce "München" correctly. If you're in any doubt as to the "correct" form, just look at [their logo] on their [official website]. However, to avoid embarrassing yourself, unless you speak German well, it's probably best to just stick with saying "Bayern Munich"Bayern is English for Beieren. Beieren is a province located in the south of Germany. Munich is English for München. München is a city located in the province of BeierenBayern is the south-eastern most German state, Munich is its capital. I assume you are asking about the soccer club. That is named Bayern Muenchen, because there are more than 1 soccer club in Bayern. It explicitly refers the the city it is in, aka Muenchen.FC Bayern München is the official name; FC Bayern is frequently used as well. If you're not a fan, there are various other names for them depending on who you are a fan of.
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Where do TV ratings come from?
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The main ratings firm is the Nielsen Company. Hence the term Nielsen ratings. This works basically the same way a political poll works. There are statistical methods for looking at the way a small number of people answer a question and figuring out how the population as a whole would answer it. Just like they don't have to ask *everyone* who they're going to vote for to figure out that President Obama polls at X percent while Mitt Romney polls at Y percent, they don't have to count every single person watching a program to say this many people watched it. They pick a sample the same way pollsters do. In this case people sign up to be "Nielsen families" and they're given a diary. They're supposed to track when someone is watching TV and what they're watching, and then report that information back to the Nielsen Company, who figures out how many of their sample are watching a show and then work out how many people that compares to across the whole country using a lot of statistics and math. One problem with this method is that it relies on the families to tell the truth, and sometimes they don't. Nielsen also uses electronic monitors that track what channel the TV is tuned to, and even has experimented with cameras that would confirm whether the TV's just on in an empty room or whether there are actually people in there watching it.
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The controversy surrounding the 2000 election (George W. Bush vs Al Gore)
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It was an extremely close race, the deciding state being Florida. 537 more Floridians voted for Bush than for Gore, but across the board, in the entire country, Gore got more of the popular vote. So the supreme court made the decision that since Bush won Florida, the deciding state, by a margin of 537 votes, that Bush had won the presidency. Somebody Correct me if I'm wrong please.
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What's the difference between a flash drive and external hard drive?
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An external hard disk is called as such because it utilizes a Hard Disk Drive . One of these drives has a metal platter with different magnetic sections, called sectors, that are read by a small magnetic sensor called a head on the end of an actuator arm. Many people are now moving over to flash storage, however, which is what a flash drive utilizes and thus is named for. Flash storage does not contain moving parts but rather is similar to a large grid of capacitors and transistors that are used to keep data. It is faster to access than an HDD because you do not need to wait for the disk to spin to the correct location. It can decay, however, unlike an HDD. The more an area of flash is written the more it wears out and eventually it will fail.To add onto the other comments, hard drives are mechanical, so they are very sensitive to physical abuse, especially if they're running at the time. Drop a spinning hard drive, and the heads slam into the disk, destroying both instantaneously. Lights out for your precious data. You can drop and shake an SSD all day long even while it's running full steam ahead, and it simply won't care because there are no moving parts to get damaged. Also, since they're mechanical, HDDs can also wear out over time. However, at the end of life, hard drives still win. When a hard drive dies of old age or suffers an electronic as opposed to a mechanical failure, the data can still be recovered professionally as long as the disks inside are intact. An SSD, however, is pretty much impossible to retrieve data off of once it dies.You can now get external flash drives. A traditional hard drive has a disk similar to a CD but is made to an industry standard. A flash drive is like a USB stick which is a solid state and means no time wasted spinning the disk loading the info.
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Why are colleges and universities so different from each other (Yale vs a local community college) but all of the information taught in school is the same for their respected fields ?
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I studied physics at a reasonably high-ranked school, and I can tell you definitively that 90% of what I learned that actually stuck was from working with other students, not from lectures. The caliber of fellow students is hugely important in my opinion, and you simply get better students at better schools. I also contest your statement that the information taught is the same. With better professors and better students, more can be covered in the same amount of time, so subjects can be taught more completely and more thoroughly.I didn't go to Yale, but I did go to a reasonably good private university after a few semesters at a community college. In my experience, the quality of the instruction is hugely better at the private school. Professors actually seem to care about their students' progress, and they are just better at presenting the material in ways that the students can understand. I also noticed, even at my comparatively middle-brow university, that the caliber of the students was better. They catch on more quickly, have more interesting thought processes, and help each other rather than dragging each other down. Because the students are more engaged and quicker, the professors are more able to teach, and the classes go faster and cover more ground, more deeply. Let us not forget the administration, which is also leaps and bounds ahead in the private school. It's not just fill in the form and take a number, it's actually possible to get good, thoughtful answers from people. When I needed to talk to an advisor, it was easy and friendly to set up an appointment. When I emailed abstruse questions to the Registrar, I got thoughtful responses very quickly. TL;DR: Everything about private schools is just of higher quality and done better.
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How do various worms dig into people, and how do we not feel it?
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they normally enter through food when they are very very small. alternately there are some parasites who can enter through cuts that already exist in the skin.
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why are transgender issues suddenly all over the place?
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Causes are fashion for many people. And transgender issues are currently the most fashionable. I say this as someone who fully believes that trans people deserve equality and freedom from persecution, but also as someone who recognises that people clearly bandwagon.
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How can clams grow shells?
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In a very similar manner to how humans grow bones and teeth. They capture the elements they need to form them from their environment, and react them together in such a way as to deposit a solid mineral in the places they need it.
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Do News sites still see that I watched their video even if I said screw this when the Ad came up?
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If the video loads even for an instant, yes - that counts as a view. It does not technically count as a complete view if you left before the video ends, however, a view in the internet world is counted as an impression. They will also know if you left before the actual video by tallying up the number of times the ad and the actual video has been viewed . If the number of ad impressions exceeds the number of views, they will know that their ads suck and they need to put it elsewhere 'cause people are not seeing the actual content.In the case of YouTube, they actually take good notes of how much percentage you watched a video, this goes into the algorithm of the search engine in order to promote videos that are fully watched.
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Black athletes with hyphenated names
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No I meant why is it so prevalent in black athletes. I know about hyphenated names with divorced parents. I want to know why it seems to only occur in black athletes and not in other races IN SPORTSHyphenated names=parents, for whatever reason, who don't share a surname. But saying it's "black athletes" is ignorant. It's actually pretty common in the general population as marriage becomes less a focus for couples raising kids or men not requiring their wife to take their name for some ideological reason.Not sure what you mean, do you mean when people hyphen their last names of their separated parents? If so, it's because they love their parents, so they take both their names.
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Why do I get a feeling someone's watching me even when I can't see them?
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I've always heard that the brain records and processes every single thing your eyes see. EVERYTHING. Although it sees all, it has to choose what information it presents to your aware mind at the moment in time. Although your brain saw everything when you walked into a new room, there is only certain information that you need to be aware of, and only a certain amount of information you can actually use. My best guess is you can sense someone is watching you because at some point in the last few minutes your brain actually saw someone but you just werent aware of it at the time. But because the brain is wired for survival it tries to send messages to you that you should be careful, hence the feeling of being watched. Thats the way i understand it.
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what is "old man" strength?
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Nobody's mentioned this, so I figured I'd give my $0.02. Old man strength is typically from those who have been performing some form of physical labor for a long time, and have such developed incredible grip strength. This is the part that /u/WOT_IF_UR_LEGS is talking about where it feels as if they can crush your hands. Additionally, what they may lack in raw power, they make up for from years of lifting heavy objects and have developed a proficiency in it so that they may look a lot weaker than they really are .
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I've been without an internet connection since June 12th. What's going on in the world?
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Most major stuff has already been covered but: *The largest Ebola outbreak ever is going on right nowFor future reference, they still print newspapers and nothing on Reddit is actually noteworthy.
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Why is a mouse more accurate than a joystick on a controller
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Because with a computer mouse you move it exactly X distance on the table so the cursor moves Y distance. With a joystick, you essentially 'toggle' the cursors movement in any given direction, for a certain length of time, until the cursor reaches what you need. It's also less accurate because you're dealing with a fixed joystick instead of a mouse that you can move all the way across your desk if you wanted to. This is my interpretation of it, anyway", 'Because a movement on a joystick applies "velocity" but movement on a mouse applies a position change. Think about it, you move a joystick to the left, it will keep going left even though your hand is not moving anything, just keeping the joystick on the left side. A mouse on the other hand requires movement to apply this change, stopping this movement will stop this movement. This is simply something more natural and understood to humansMouse moves by pixels. That is using a camera it counts them. Joysticks move by binary off and on multiplying by sensitivity so the smallest move can never be a single pixel.
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When was the last time in human history it would be more common to see someone walking barefoot than with shoes or sandals?
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It was common up until the 1950s in the south for children to go without shoes. It is still somewhat common in regions with lots of creeks.Right now, in a whole lot of poorer places. A good friend of mine didn't have shoes until she was 16 because her family couldn't afford them.It depends on where you are in the world. Sandals or barefoot is still very common in most tropical areas year round.
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Why do some drinks seem to pass right through you whereas plain water is retained?
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The sugar and electrolytes in Gatorade and other sports drinks actually increase how much water you absorb into your blood stream. This can be perceived as too much fluid and your body will try to get rid of it if you aren't actually dehydrated. Normal water, on the other hand, lacks the sugar and electrolytes that promote water absorption so it stays around in your gut longer.
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How does a disease make a comeback like Ebola or the Bubonic plague have recently?
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Ebola has no cure, or even a real treatment. It never really went away. It's just that humans aren't commonly exposed to it , and when they are it tends to kill quickly enough that it burns itself out. So you see a series of fairly quick and nasty outbreaks in the areas in which infected bat populations come in contact with humans, in west and central Africa. Plague is different, in that it's curable with antibiotics. It lives in various rodents, and occasionally breaks out because it too has never really gone away. If it happens in a richer country, it's usually dealt with pretty easily. Isolated cases pop up in the US and Canada now and again, incidentally.
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why are some people are more prone to insect bites?
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I don't know about other bugs but mosquitoes have a preference for type O blood. CO2 also attracts them, and pregnant women exhale more CO2. Also alcohol seems to increase their attraction to you; possibly because it raises your body temperature.
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What would happen if there was absolutely no US involvement (i.e. provision of weapons, logistics, drones, etc) in the Middle East?
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the IS would take over. creating a bigger "nation" that's hostile towards US relations. puts israel and our trade partners in the middle east at risk. a middle of the road country is open to trade as long as such a trade agreement does't cause problems with its neighbor. if ISIS is their neighbor, they're less open to agreeing to trade with the enemy of ISIS.
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What does the "strength" of an earthquake acutally mean?
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As you may know, an earthquake occurs when two slabs of rock move relative to one another over a surface called a "fault". Moment magnitude is simply the product of the area of the fault ruptured, the relative movement across the fault, and the stiffness of the rock . It is closely related to the energy released in the earthquake, but the relation is not trivial. The moment magnitude does not take into account any other factors, so ignores the depth, duration, size of area affected, and so on. The moment magnitude is an important quantity in academia because it is directly related to the fault rupture itself. However, it is not of huge benefit for working out impacts because other parameters like proximity to population centres, building quality, depth and surface geology are a lot more important than the moment magnitude. You may be interested in the USGS's [PAGER program] which tries to take these factors into account to estimate the economic and humanitarian impact of earthquakes when they happen.
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How does the air-pressure sensor in rotating car tires report the pressure to the stationary chassis?
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There are direct and indirect systems. Direct systems have some sort of sensor in the tires that measure the air pressure, and use wireless communications to feed that data to the car's computer. Indirect systems don't measure the pressure directly, but sensors on the rest of the car measure different variables on how the car is riding, and then a computer on the car tries to interpolate tire pressure. Generally the car has to be driven for a little while and it creates a sort of baseline profile of how the car rides. Over time, if the sensors measure significant changes from that baseline, then that's a clue that something might be up with the tires. Direct systems are much more accurate, but require sensors ) to be located in each tire, which can be a significant maintenance issue. The indirect systems can't give you an actual measurement of pressure in each tire, but can usually detect when a tire gets low enough to be a serious issue.
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Where do bugs go in the winter time?
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Depends on the species. 1. They hibernate - like lady bugs in the leaf litter, or female queen bumblebees in the soil. 2. They migrate south - like monarch butterflies 3. The adults die, but leave their eggs/larvae in a safe space to "hibernate" over winter and their offspring hatch/emerge in the spring - like crickets 4. A small number carry on as usual even in the very cold - like mites and spiders
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or[5] Electronic Tablets/E-books.
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Sounds like you should look at the [Nexus 7.] Good size for portability, amazing price and three different storage capacities , lots of free apps, and it starts at $199. There are plans for an even cheaper $100 8GB version in the future, but that is unconfirmed for now. If that's too small, maybe look at the [Nexus 10.]
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How does an electron microscope work and can it be used on living tissue?
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An electron microscope works by passing electrons across the object that it's scanning. Basically, the object is coated with a heavy metal, and the electrons that bounce off get recorded, and it gets put into a computerized image that gets manually colored for effect. Electron microscopes require the object to be placed in a vaccuum, so no, it cannot be used on living objects. Source: Bio student
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What's so bad about Detroit?
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Poverty Jobs left the city at an ever accelerating pace over the past few years and this has led to lower and lower incomes and, consequently, higher crime and lower property values. As it gets worse fewer companies would think of moving in and bringing back jobs and the situation worsens and worsens. Their economy was heavily reliant on manufacturing and that is the way of the past for this country as factories move to the employer friendly south.
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Why do animals eyes light up in certain colours when shone at with a torch/light?
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Many especialy night active animals have a layer of reflective tissue behind the light sensing cells at the back of the eye. That allows them to caputer more light in their light sensing cells. Additionaly that makes the eyes act as a retroreflector like in the bottom image here: _URL_0_ . The color comes from the tissue that surrounds the lightsensing cells absorbing some of the light.
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What causes a stye or an Internal stye?
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It is usually caused by a staph infection, and can be treated by putting a warm compress on it around four times a day and just leaving it alone. Let it resolve on its own and just take painkillers, or if it is very painful seek medical care.
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How come we can land probes on comets and send satellites around the galaxy, but we can't put a high resolution color camera on these devices?
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We could now. But this probe was launched 10 years ago, and was designed and built mostly during the 90s.To put it simply, more megapixels = higher resolution = larger filesize = more 1s/0s. I'm not sure about the data transfer rate between the probe and Earth, but I'm assuming that it's not a quick process. The lower resolution image probably took a little while to send, therefore a higher resolution image will take a significantly longer time to send.
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Why some credit card transactions require a billing address and some only require a zipcode?
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CVV codes are not mandatory, it is up to the person/company as to whether or not they want to require it or not. In some cases their Merchant provider will offer cheaper rates on transaction when CVV is used, as it leads to less fraud however some retailers choose not to do that. Many merchants still refuse to include a security code field in their online checkout forms, because they believe that doing so may confuse some of their customers or otherwise put them off and lead to lost sales. It's also a violation of PCI compliance to store CVV numbers, which helps reduce fraud but since the CVV can't be stored it means that the buyer has to have their card with them at time of purchase , but some companies do believe that can hurt sales.
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How do gradients work in tatoos
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Hi there i tattoo and its exactly how they said. The needles dont need to penetrate too deep and the more times you go over it the darker it becomes you want to go from lightest to dark. You cant take dark back. We water down the black in different amounts or whatever colors and just like water color painting we blend in the shading/colors. White is not the proper way to do a greyscale tattoo. White is meant for accenting and highlighting. Multiple needles at different sizes are also key to this process with the right amount of voltage and speed, and plenty of lubrication for the skin to not be damaged.
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How did the russian revolution start?
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The Russian Revolution is actually two revolutions, the February revolution and the October revolution . During World War 1, in February 1917, a bunch of workers in Russia started a strike, and basically everybody ended up joining it, including the army and eventually some key figures of the Czar's government. They forced the Czar to step down and give power to the Provisional Government, that was supposed to organize free elections, but ended up being removed from power in November by a group of Bolsheviks, lead by Lenin and Trotsky. The basic reasons were that the Russians were losing WW1, and that there was a lot of poverty and hunger. Also, the Czar was very unpopular because he taxed heavily and was very dictatorial. It turned out that the Provisional Government really didn't do that much better, so that gave Lenin the chance he took to get some support for this second revolution.
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How do the water intake on this nuclear plant work? And how this guy managed to go from the inlet to the outlet without a scratch?
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Nuclear engineer here. He was sucked from he ocean to the intake bay. At the far end of the intake bay is where the pumps push water through the plant. The intake bay water level is at a slightly lower elevation than the ocean, which created the pressure that sucked him through. He didn't pass through any pumps or the plant, just an intake pump to the bay.The inlet leads to a holding pond below sea level, the water in the pipe he entered was flowing due to gravity alone. The water is pumped from the holding pond maintaining the lower level. That pond is where the diver was foundI am just offering my wild ass guess, but maybe just pressure from the pipes being lower than the outlet mixed with temperature differential?
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How do the mammals of the ocean hydrate themselves.
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They have awesome kidneys. The kidneys are able to filter the water to hydrate the body and remove the salt. Human kidneys are not so awesome.Their skin really locks water in well. They have physical mechanisms to desalinate water during ingestion. They get a fair amount of water from the food they eat without drinking seawater. And their kidneys are very efficient. Lets say that you or I drank some seawater. We drink 12oz of seawater at normal salinity. Ahh it's sour but refreshing when you're stranded in a life raft. Our bodies absorb the water just like normal, woo hoo this was a good idea!! But we also absorb the salt, and we then have to get rid of the salt. That is the job of the kidneys, however the kidneys don't have a conveyor belt. There is no kidney car that drives waste products from the kidneys to your bladder. The kidneys ironically need water in order to flush the salt out of your body. The problem is that the amount of water they need is more than the amount of water you got from drinking 12oz of seawater. So you are temporarily refreshed, but you suffer a net loss of water, which is sucked out of your blood, organs, muscles, and tissues. Okay so you're thirstier, so you drink more, same thing happens, now your tongue starts to darken, you start getting the shakes and vomiting, losing even more precious water, now you're on the downhill side of dying. Just relax and let gravity pull you down. If you had a steady supply of fish though and didn't drink the sea water, you could survive much longer without fresh water because there is water in the meat of the fish. Of course we would just sweat it out because our bodies are like sieves and we really are not built to hold onto water. But if you didn't, if you were built more like a desert mammal, or a cetacean mammal, you might get by without drinking at all.
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"PTSD is a cultural product" what does that mean?
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If I understand this correctly, what its saying is that PTSD only exists as a recognised disorder because of the ability we have to study it. It never used to be recognised. In wars, for example, people would get it and be labelled as cowards, because it wasn't understood what the sufferers were going through. I think its similar to our modern day view of depression. Maybe back in the day, depressed people were seen as someone who just needs to harden up, a bit of a downer all the time. Now, though, we realise its a proper disorder that the patient can't control, as opposed to a voluntary sadness. In the same way, now that we have studying PTSD and its effects, we can recognise it as a disorder, not just someone being anxious and touchy and aggressive.
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Why can most things in the body be transplanted, except the eyes?
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Whole eyes are really tricky to transplant for a few reasons: 1. The retina dies in only 2-4 hours without a blood supply. The donor and recipient would have to be right by each other. 2. The retina is part of the brain, so if a donor is brain dead, the eye would be dead too. You have to harvest the eye right after the donor's heart stops. 3. You have to connect the optic nerve, which has 1.3 million individual nerves that need to link up. 4. You need to suppress the immune system so it doesn't recognize the new eye as a foreign and attack it. Actually this stuff isn't that far off. Researchers have already transplanted eyes in mice who survived for 200 days. But they aren't sure how much vision those mice had restored. Still, even 30% vision restored gives people independence and is better than complete blindness.Anything in the human body can be transplanted, we just lack the science right now to suppress the immune system from attacking the replacement body part without immune suppressant drug therapy for the rest of your life and hope a common cold does not kill you. Nerve ending reattachment science right now is not exactly precise, and is more like trying to connect Lego pieces together with boxing gloves when it comes to spinal cord injuries. Lastly keeping a brain alive in a jar for a significant amount of time is just too far off from reality at this time, but maybe one day this could happen and the science of human integration of robotics bodies could become a reality. _URL_0_', "NOT A DOCTOR. But I'm going to say its because they have way too much nerve bandwidth. It'd be like trying to get a new spinal chord.Corneas are on every donation checklist. The rest of the eye is pointless after you remove those.
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Weird vibrating eye "trick"
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it's called nystagmus. It can appear as a problem for some people, in which it is uncontrolled, but some people are able to do it voluntarily. Other than the obvious vision problems for people who have involuntary nystagmus and can't 'switch it off', I'm not aware of it being a cause of any sort of damage.
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Why are some words considered more offensive/rude than others, despite meaning a very similar or even the exact same thing? I'm referring to swear words mainly.
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Similar question has been asked more than once today. It's weird. All languages have curse or swear words; words used to describe acts, ideas, or concepts that are considered taboo by the culture that uses said language. These can vary widely from culture to culture, of course, but the common taboos in western civilization are sex-related. In English, at least, the idea of "poor" or "bad" language also comes in part from how the language as we know it today developed during the middle ages. In the simplest terms, the common people spoke a different dialect than the Norman French nobility, and the so-called "vulgar" vernacular was seen as dirty, impure, and distasteful to the prim and proper Norman overlords.
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Why are highway and street signs usually white text on green (at least in the US)?
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You're correct that white and black would provide the greatest contrast, but the primary issue isn't contrast. Highway signs are "retroreflective," meaning that at night, when you shine your headlights on them, the light not only illuminates the sign, but the sign also directly reflects a good amount of that light back at you. Black backgrounds would not be efficient retroreflectors , plus they would be difficult to see at night since the sky is black. Green was chosen since the eye is highly sensitive to green, it is clearly visible day and night, and it is a good retroreflector. Green is a common choice in many countries, including Canada, Japan, China, and Australia. Many European countries opt for blue backgrounds with white text or white backgrounds with black text.
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Why do vehicles that carry a lot of people not require seatbelts?
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I asked a school-bus driver once about this, and he replied that kids would use the seat belts as weapons. I, for one, could definitely see my teenage self smacking my seatmate with a seatbelt.I've heard that buses don't need seat belts because they'd be useless in most cases. Buses are so heavy that unless they hit a concrete wall they're not going to stop suddenly, they'll slow down gradually at least relative to the way your car will stop if it hits a van or a school bus. It makes sense, I've ridden buses many times but never remember being pushed off the front of my seat while braking.
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I always hear about spacetime, but what proof do we have that it exists and that all theories based on it are accurate?
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There have been [a number of experiments] that have shown general relativity to be a more accurate theory of gravity than the classic Newtonian model. For example, our GPS satellites have to correct for relativistic effects. The fact that your GPS works is proof positive that general relativity is a thing.
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Only 5 White Rhinos Left (alive) Worldwide--What does that mean for the Eco-System?
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Specifically, little at this time. But it is a reduction in the biodiversity that keeps the environment healthy. Best way to explain it is to simplify things - let's just hope Disney doesn't sue me. Follow the circle of life - the antelope eat the grass, the lions eat the antelope, the dead lions decay and feed the grass. If all of the lions disappear, the antelope will over populate, eat all the grass, and everyone dies. If the grass dies, the antelope die, and the lions starve. If the antelope migrate, the lions starve, and the grass rules everything. As a single entity, the white rhino's disappearance is not going to destroy the ecosystem - they are part of a greater collection of animals that fill their step in the circle. But their biodiversity is gone, meaning if there was an event that would wipe out the other rhinos but wouldn't have effected the white rhino, the ecosystem does not have the white rhino to fall back on anymore.
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Are product restocking fees BS or is there some legitimacy to them?
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How do you define BS? It costs the business money to have employees around to put the item back into inventory, makes their logistics less efficient, etc. The entire area of return policies is a strange one. Businesses are under no obligation to accept returns for any reason. Anything they do is strictly for marketing or customer retention reasons. How much did the restocking fee affect your willingness to do business with them down the road? Did it affect your initial purchase decision?', "Sometimes yes, sometimes no. So you buy a laptop and decide to return it. Either A) You opened it, they have to return it to the manufacturer to repackage and maybe confirm the warrantee is all kosher. B) You opened it and they don't return it to the manufacturer, in which case they can't sell the open item for as much. C) You return it in its package, but they have no way of knowing if you filled the box with rocks and put new cellophane on it, so they have to open it anyway. So for high ticket items, restocking can fees can be necessary. I can also see scenarios where business that rely on the logistics and inventory could need to make up some cost. Now is the percentage they charge fair? I don't know - but I also don't know of any company whose business model is built around restocking fees, because it really is a pain in the ass.
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After an earthquake, how do we tell if a building is structurally sound enough to re-enter and use again?
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If there's internal damage, there will always be some amount of external damage. The amount of external damage can be very small compared to the internal damage, misleadingly so, but there will always be some. And yeah there are a lot of things you look for. Small cracks are expected in certain materials, and don't necessarily mean its unsafe. Other things are more obvious. If you see piles of debris, a lot of broken windows, huge cracks or the building is actually tilting, its best you stay away. For large buildings, they just don't let anyone go in until professionals can inspect the structure to see if its safe or not. With smaller structures and homes, you can have the people occupying it look for any obvious signs of problems, and make judgement calls until an inspector can get around to it Ultimately, its usually pretty obvious if there are any major structural problems.
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The psychology behind game grinding
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There's two - there's MMO Grinding, and there's classic JRPG Grinding. With MMO Grinding, it's a [Skinner Box]. Push button, receive reward. Early in the game you're rewarded for doing damn near anything. Talk to someone - get a level. Cast a spell, get a level. As you go up in levels, it stretches out more and more, leading you to do the same repetitive tasks for the reward. It's why people do high level dungeons over and over and over again - they're grinding for the "reward" of a slightly different colored items with slightly higher numbers on them than the item they already have. With classic JRPG grinding, it's a mechanic to stretch out the gameplay. Selling a game with 20 hours of gameplay when your competitors claim to have 60 is going to get your game ignored. So rather than assume the player will gain two levels traveling to the next area's boss, you tweak it so that you need to add at least ten levels, maybe more. Item prices are much higher as are spell or item prices. This forces the player to fight random encounters for hours on end to gain the experience and money needed to beat the next boss and move on to the rest of the game. The first is . when it's done well, you don't notice it. When it's done poorly, it's all the game is. The second is an outdated mechanic and should be delegated to the dustbin of gaming history as something that, in retrospect, is a terrible design decision.
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Why do you have to get your oil changed after 3 months if you haven't driven 3,000 miles?
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And you're told this by people who sell oil. Maybe that should give you a clue. Certainly in modern cars, that should be unnecessary. Edit: Spelling
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Why is it the iphone (and other smartphones) requires a separate file type for a ringtone instead of being able to use mp3's already on it?
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Because that's how they are set up, ringtones are a separate purchase, so they don't want to lose money buy allowing you to natively create a ringtone from song files on your device. There are of course super simple ways to manually make them into ringtones. It's just that when you pay for the song, you are paying for a copy to be downloaded and played, not to be used as a ringtone. I wouldn't mind so much if it was a 49¢ purchase, but the average one is $1.29, the same price as the whole song, while only a handful are 99¢. TLDR: greed
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Why to high performance engines like drag cars and hot rods have engines that sound like they are out of sync at an idle?
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They use really big cams that do not make power until a certain high RPM, its called the power band. At low RPMs the cam isn't working efficiently. Most drag car cam's power band might be from 3000RPMs to 7000Rpms. Drag cars, right before the green light will raise their RPMS to the power band which is where the cam is designed to run", 'check out hydroplane boat motors. Their cams are so huge that they actually go back and forth from high-revved to nearly stopped at idle, over and over again. Same thing, smaller engine. I 've heard it called "lobing"Large overlap and high lift cams. The engine essentially has a massive vacuum leak at idle, which goes away due to flow characteristics, allowing more air in the cylinder and more exhaust out.
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The difference between DVD-R and DVD+R, CD-R and CD+R?
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DVD-R and DVD+R are two DVD formats. This means that the way the data is stored on the discs themselves is slightly different. From a user's perspective they both function the same and have almost the same capacity . DVD-R came first and is the "old" format. DVD+R is newer and has some advantages. For example its format is more resilient to errors . DVD-R can be read by any DVD player, new or old. However DVD+R can only be read by more recent DVD players. CDs come in only one format.It's a difference in recording format, stuff to do with track lengths, sector lengths and down to the 1s and 0s kinda stuff. Both DVD-R and DVD+R are write once, and both can be read by most players. If you get a W on the end this means it is rewritable. There is no such thing as a CD+R.* CD: holds 720MB of data, or 1 hour of audio CD music * DVD: holds 4GB of data, or 1 hour DVD movie * -R older format * +R newer format, gaining popularityDo the plus and minus represent anything physically and what format is CD±RW then? & #3232; _ & #3232;
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How can peristaltic movements transport liquids?
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Peristalsis works like this:_URL_0_ Stick a drinking straw in a cup full of water, place your thumb over the end of the straw, and lift it out of the water so that the straw is full of water but no longer in cup. Pinch the straw flat with the thumb and forefinger of your other hand up near where your thumb is covering the end and pull down, still squeezing and covering the end with your other thumb. That's basically how peristalsis works. The muscles pinch the "tube" in a small area and force its contents along with a wave motion. It pinches, pushes a little ways, and releases. The next muscle pinches it again, pushes it a little ways, and releases. This process repeats until the contents get where they're going.
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How does the ISS maintain it's altitude without crashing into the planet?
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So you know when your throw a ball it follows a curved path down back to the ground? Well the ISS is moving so fast and is so high up that it's curved path equals the curvature of the earth, so it approaches the earth just as fast the earth curves away from it, so the distance between the earth and the station remain, fairly, constant.
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Why do I have to pee when I'm nervous?
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You may have heard of the 'fight or flight response.' When you are stressed your body releases hormones to help your body deal with the situation - the best known one is adrenaline. This hormone tells your body to do a whole bunch of things, and urinate is among them. It is suggested that this might be to lighten your body to make it easier for you to run.
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What is stopping us from just replacing our natural adult teeth with synthetic ones?
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Mostly Price. Where I live it costs around £1000-£1500 for 1 dental implantWe can and occasionally do, but why surgically rip out your teeth and implant fake ones when the originals do a fine job on their own? You still have to clean and maintain the fakes, bacteria will try to colonize them both.I think you're underestimating the awesomeness of bone teeth.
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Since whales are mammals, and need water to live like we do, how do they get it if they live in salt water, which is bad to drink?
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They get it from the food that they eat. Whales, and dolphins, can't starve to death, they die of dehydration first. They do get a little bit from sea water but their kidneys can't remove much salt so if they accidentally drink too much sea water when they eat that could kill them.
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How exactly a silent approval of criminal acts by law enforcement authorities goes through in modern, western countries?
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You've kind of hit the nail on the head. It tends to vary from place to place, but I think a lot of law enforcement organisations don't see a great deal of point going after small-time drug dealers. As you say, there's always going to be demand for drugs and if any police do turn up it's pretty easy just to disappear. In Japan, 'grey area' industries like prostitution and drug dealing are technically illegal, but run by the Yakuza, who's existence is tolerated by the state. They don't want to make that stuff legal, but it's going to happen, so better that it happens in the open.You illustrated the answer with your words " peacefully, almost kindly ask you if you are interested in drugs". Why should the police make a fuss over people doing anything peacefully and kindly? The police in many civilized countries would rather spend their time dealing with people who are being unpeaceful and unkind.
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Why do we move our body (by either dancing or simply bouncing our head) to music? What exactly in our body is causing this?
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Actions speak louder than words. Movement can encode aggression or play or healing or prayer or mating or celebration or grief. Movement attracts attention because people need to know how to interpret your intentions. Someone dancing through the front door of a bank will draw a different attention than someone dancing the same way through the door of a club, so context is also in play. Any gesture or movement, done in unison by a group, becomes a rhythmic dance that encodes some agreed on meaning; waving baseball caps up and down in the dugout helps the batter get a hit, or at least feel the support of his teammates. Now for the music side of your question. Music induces emotions in the audience. Good musical technique has been defined as the audience experiencing the emotions that the musician has prepared for them. The derivation of the word \'emotion\' contains this: from Latin emovere "move out, remove, agitate,". This are all actions. So the simple answer is that music can make a group of people feel emotional, and if the emotions are strong enough, the group will move their bodies . Getting our emotions outside of ourselves lets us celebrate and control ourselves. Here's where the confusion comes in: Calm. This could be indifference to the music. This could be unfamiliarity with a specific kind of music. This could also be the intent of the music; creating a calm state of mind. Calm is not an emotion in the classical sense; it is stillness embodied and lacks agitation. However, in the modern sense of states of mind, calm is just another energy level that we can measure and it happens to be associated with stillness rather than actions. The function that ties all this together is a shared experience. The musician creates it and the audience participates in it. And that, IMHO, is why we dance.
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How are outside noises able to be incorporated into your dream?
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Brains are complex things. While dreaming you are thought to be basically consolidating the memories you want to keep and not keep, and you create scenes in your mind involving things that were important to you recently . So while your brain is doing all of that, your ears, eyes, nose, and mouth are still wired in. Incoming stimuli from any one of those sensory organs can be implemented into the seemingly chaotic mess of neural activity that we call dreaming.
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How does restarting something (i.e. a computer or a PlayStation or such) work?
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PC hardware comes typically with only a single program baked in, called the "bootloader". This program is designed to boot up whatever Operating System, or OS, has been installed on it. When you turn on the PC or PS4, it starts the bootloader, which is a relatively small program that simply loads the PS4 OS or Windows or MacOS or Android, etc. When you restart the PC or PS4 , the OS program exits with an additional instruction to the bootloader program to reload the OS. And that's exactly what the bootloader does: it resets the starting environment and loads the OS, as though it had been turned on for the first time. *edit, phrasing*
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Why are we so reluctant to kill animals nowadays when, in the past, our society used hunt all the time and feel no remorse?
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People live sheltered lives, some going through all of it without killing any animals or getting into a fight. There's also social conditioning, people being told since they're toddlers that it's a heinous act to hurt people and animals. People like to elevate themselves to a moral highground by bashing the 'barbaric' practices of their ancestors, something they can afford to do because they've never experienced starvation. Killing animals is necessary to our survival, the only difference is that nowadays the majority of people don't have to get their hands dirty to enjoy the meat and hides.
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how does depression change the way you think?
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So I'm not quite sure why you have this labeled as chemistry, so I'm going to do my best to mention chemistry, but this is more of a biology question. You have these things called **neurotransmitters**. Some of them dictate how you feel. Serotonin is a mood stabilizer, it's very important in making sure you can have "normal" emotions. Some people have problems with their serotonin levels, take me. I make maybe half or less of the normal serotonin that a healthy person does. This leads to difficulty controlling my emotions, especially those of anger and depression. Depression has many forms besides the one above, but in most cases it can become very difficult to think happy thoughts. You may have self deprecating thoughts or focus solely on the negatives. Final point: depression is different for everyone, and this answer is influenced by **my** experience. Hope this answered your question.
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Why, when through binoculars or a telescope 'the wrong way' do things look smaller, but you can't make the same thing happen with a magnifying glass?
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There is always more than one lens/curved mirror inside the telescope, so the result is different if you reverse the order light goes through them. When there's only one symmetric lens looking either way through it produces same result.
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What does "political economy" mean and how can it meaningfully be contrasted with the "moral economy"
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"Political economics" is an old phrase which means the same thing as just plain "economics" means today Basically, what people used to call "economics" is now called "home economics", or "home ec". And what they used to call "political economics" is now just "economics". "Moral economics" is just some self-righteous people trying to tell everyone else what to do. It is not particularly comparable to economics as a whole, any more than "I like blue and so should you" is comparable to "color exists and is a property of light as perceived by the brain through the eyes". Unless you meant "moral philosophy", which is from the same time period as the term "political economics" is.
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What is being 'calculated' by supercomputers?
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I work at a research university, and system administration of our supercomputers falls under my team's responsibilities. What ours supercomputer do is simulation. They simulate things like chemicals interactions, nuclear reactions, electronic systems, and many other things. In many areas of research, it is a lot cheaper to develop models that can be simulated in supercomputers to test ideas, instead of experimenting with real world systems. Our research groups use their models on our supercomputers to research solar energy, advanced films, water treatment, artificial intelligence, medical imaging, and a lot more. All of this requires a lot of processing power because 1, these are complex models involving the interactions between multiple dimensions of variables; 2, because being able to perform calculations faster means either getting results sooner, or being able to simulate systems in more detail, with better results.
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How does Italy regard it's history in terms of their involvement in WW2 different from their "ally" Germany?
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Because at one point during the war the Italian King had Mussolini arrested and at this point Italy was not part of the Axis anymore. Germany, from an ally became an invading force of Italy. Also, the anti-Jewish laws were repealed by the new Badoglio government while the war was still going on. Basically, by the end of the war, Italy was not viewed as one of the 'bad guys' anymore. So while for Germany there were the [Nuremberg trials], where all the atrocities committed by Germany came into surface, no such trial took place against Italy. So it's a combination of two things: a. Italy probably didn't commit atrocities comparable to Germany; b. any war crimes Italy did commit did not undergo the same level of inquiry of those commited by Germany.My Great Grandfather took part of invading Sicily, and he described it as almost a liberation. The Italians cheered the allied forces and he became friends with many, even a "POW". From what i understood from him, he was very well liked, his troop would share their candy rations with the kids, and he got blessed by Pope Pius XII. I feel the Italians were not as caught up in the "Nazi Craze" as the Germans were.Italy gave hitler the framework for the nazis, tried to act hard, even gassed Ethiopians Things got hard and they tucked up their penises and ran, crap enemies, crap allies, crap from top to bottom. Italy is shaped like a boot because that much shit won't fit into a running shoe.
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The Operation Teapot video is one of the craziest things I've seen. What exactly am I seeing?
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> but what are the "eruptions" coming from it? Was it detonated in the air? It was detonated on the top of a tall tower. The "eruptions" are the guy-wires that stabilized the tower being boiled into gas and plasma from the light of the explosion before the blast wave proper reaches them.
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How can they clone living animals?
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Well, most people use the word "clone" to mean something other than it actually is. I blame the popular sci-fi use of cloning to refer to creating an exact duplicate of a person, along with their memories and personality and such. In real life, cloning means to take the DNA of an animal, and create a new baby animal with the same DNA. So it's more like creating a new identical twin baby of the original creature, and not at all like creating an exact copy of that creatureThe how part is that you take the DNA from the living animal, grab an egg cell from the same species and replace the DNA in the egg with the DNA from the live animal. Then you transfer the now fertilized egg into the womb of a surrogate mother. After gestation, you have a genetic duplicate of the original.
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the difference between shampoo, conditioner, body soap, 2-in-1 and 3-in-1.
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Shampoo is a type of soap designed for your hair. It gets grease out of your hair. You should only shampoo your head. Don't put shampoo on the ends of your hair if you're a girl, it's too harsh and will damage your hair. Conditioner puts the life back in hair after being shampooed. It moisturizes it. Body soap is a soap designed for your skin. It gets dirt off your skin. You can't just wash dirt and grease off with water because water and oil don't mix. Soap is an "emulsifier" it means that it makes it so water can wash away oil. 2-in-1 is conditioner and shampoo mixed together. So you only have to use one product to wash your hair. There's a lot of rumors that it's bad for your hair. From what I 've learned, if you have very fine hair then it's better to not use a 2 in 1. But most hair works just fine for a 2 in 1. 3 in 1 is shampoo, conditioner and body soap all mixed in one. Guys usually use this. You can literally put it on any part of your body.
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