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Why is my plate so hot but my food so cold when I use the microwave?	It's possibly because you're using something not meant for the microwave. Use microwave safe plates. This will happen less.
Why cant we just create nerves?	We can grow nerves, just not in a way that's useful, due to the lack of organization. Say you have a big mass of copper. You could very easily melt it down and pour the molten copper into a rectangular shape to make a solid plate that would probably be a pretty effective barrier . However, if you tried to make wires with it, you may succeed but the wires wouldn't actually do anything; it would just be a tangled mess. For them to be functional, you would need to take each wire individually and carefully lay them out in a systematic way to create a working system. Nerves are the same way; we can grow nerve cells in a lab, but we don't yet have the technology to tell them how to organize.
Why do company's sponsor the PGA when it seems like pro golf doesn't make much money?	Golfers and golf fans are rich, relatively speaking. The value of the eyeball of a golf watcher is more valuable than the eyeball of a nascar watcher or an NFL watcher. Advertising cost is about the value of the audience, not just the size of it. Even further, people _play_ golf much more than they play, for example, football. They do it, and they do it for year after year after yearMoney comes from TV contracts, sponsorship deals, tournament attendance more people are spectators than you may see on TV because they are spread across a giant course. TV deals and sponsor deals are more lucrative relative to number of viewers because golf fans are wealthy and more highly targetable.
Why do cables like earplugs and chargers tangle up so badly and seemingly easily in your pockets?	Basically, there is one state for the wires to be organized but nearly infinite ways for them to be tangled. It's much more likely that they will be tangled with movement than remain organized. Another way of thinking about it, when you wind your wires into multiple loops, any time a loop or one of ends of the wires goes through one of those loops, a knot is formed. The more loops you have, the higher chance of knots. Certain types of thicker wire and different textured wires can prevent this from occurring.
Why babies/toddlers are more susceptible to ear infections?	It might have something to do with the Eustachian Tube. In children under the age of seven it is shorter and in a more horizontal position than adults. Because of this, mucus might not drain from it as efficiently as it drains from adult ears, thus upping the chance of an ear infection. Other people feel it has nothing to do with the Eustachian tube, but just has something do with the immune system which is still under developed and not as capable of fighting off these infections. AKA science ain't 100% sure yet.
How in cold weather, we are able to see our breath come out white, how come we do not see this when we fart?	This answer is going to sound facetious, but bear with me. We generally don't see our farts in cold weather because our assholes are a lot tighter than our mouths. Why does this make a difference? Well, because gas that is forced through a small opening expands rapidly, and rapidly expanding gas cools down fast. Want to test this? Find what's called "canned air," then spray it on your arm. Just a quick blast but, wow, that was cold, right? That's because all that air comes out under pressure through a tiny opening, then expands rapidly and cools down. Same thing with a fart -- gas, under pressure, through a tiny hole, it expands rapidly and cools down. Meanwhile, as you exhale through your nose or mouth, you're pushing air, not under a lot of pressure, through openings that aren't all that small. End result? Warm, moist air comes out, doesn't expand rapidly, and hitting cold dry air makes the water vapor in it condense, which makes it visible. This is the same principal that creates contrails behind airplanes -- hot gas is coming out of the engines, but without being compressed upon exit. Voila -- visible trails behind the plane. If you pursed your lips really tight and blew, you probably wouldn't be able to see your breath, either.
Why in some places people in jail aren't allowed to vote?	There are many people who are affected by a government but can't vote. Including children, non-citizens and even people in other countries. We don't normally grant the right to vote based on who is impacted by government regardless of which country you're talking about.
Apparently moonquakes can be caused by tides, but the moon is tidally locked to earth. What tide causes these to occur?	Tidal forcing from the Earth's gravity keeps the moon tidally locked with the Earth, despite variations in its orbit. This means that the Moon is not allowed to freely rotate and has not "just happened" to sync up its rotation with its orbit around the Earth, but rather that the Earth's gravity has constant effects on the rotation of the Moon, in other words that it is actively exerting torque on the Moon.The Moon is not in perfect tidal lock with the Earth. The eccentricity of the Moon's orbit means the tidal force would get stronger and weaker as it gets closer and further from the Earth. The eccentricity of the orbit also means the Moon goes faster and slower in certain parts of its orbit. But the rotation of the Moon is smoothed out over the orbit. So this mis-match means the side of the Moon presented to the Earth is not absolutely fixed, but rocks back and forth over the course of a month, by about 8 degrees. Both of these changes are called [libration] and mean the tidal forces caused by Earth in the Moon change in both direction and in strength. Finally, the Sun induces significant tidal forces in the Moon. Since the Moon cannot be tidally locked to both the Earth and the Sun at the same time, the tidal forces caused by the Sun do migrate around the Moon as it rotates with respect to the Sun.
Why do hot showers dry out your skin?	Your skin is kept moisturized by oils in and near the surface. A hot shower can strip these oils. That allows the moisture in your skin to dry out.
How do bullet proof vests work? How do they protect you from bullets?	They spread the force out on a larger area of your body, so you can handle it better. Think about when you go to the doctor to get a shot. When the nurse sticks the needle in you, she's not using a lot of force. But because the tip of the needle is tiny, it can break your skin easily. If she pressed against your arm with her palm with the same force, it's not going to make a hole. The vests work the same way. Instead of all that kinetic energy going into one small bullet-sized point in your body, the vest spreads it out over a much larger area. You will still get all of the kinetic force, just not all in one place. So instead of getting a hole, you get a bruise.
Why won't the Queen step down off her monarchy?	Assuming you are talking about Queen Elizabeth II, the simple answer is that there is no pressure for her to do so and she doesn't want to.This topic requires some speculation because we can't read her mind, but there's lots of possible answers. - Why would she? Is there some specific reason why she should? - Because she believes it to be her job and her purpose. - She has been stepping down off of her monarchy, but slowly. Many of her travel-related gruelling duties are now discharged by her son Prince Charles. - The Queen possibly believes herself to be an important element of the spirit of Britain, a point which is very true for many Brits as well. She's fully aware that her post is now largely symbolic, but that doesn't make it any less valuable or her any less endearing to a great many people in both her own country and in other Commonwealth of Nations countries such as Canada and Australia. So she feels a duty to her "people". - She's continuing to do as much as she can so her family will have as much of a close-to-normal life as long as they can. - She's the matriarch of a country and the remnants of a commonwealth empire, let alone a huge family, and it's flippin\' hard to give that up.Because being the monarch is not a job, it's a duty and one you do for life. She's got old school values, the reason she's still queen is because she isn't dead.FYI, OP, the correct term for a Monarch 'stepping down\' is the verb "Abdicate"
The differences between frozen yogurt, frozen custard, ice cream, and gelato	Ice cream is made with cream, milk, sugar, and flavoring , sometimes with other ingredients such as eggs. It is churned while it freezes, which mixes air bubbles into it. Gelato is an Italian style of ice cream, made with more sugar and less cream. It has less air in it than most ice cream. Frozen yogurt is made with yogurt, which is milk that has been fermented by certain bacteria. It usually doesn't have cream, which makes it less fatty; so it is sometimes thought of as a healthier option . Frozen custard is like ice cream, but made with more egg. Sorbet is made with water, sugar, and flavoring, usually fruit juice; it has no milk products in it. Sherbet is in-between sorbet and ice cream: it is made with some milk, but not a lot of cream, and is often made with fruit flavors.Frozen yogurt, frozen custard, and ice cream are pretty self-explanatory. Ice cream is made from a cream base, frozen yogurt is made from a yogurt base , and frozen custard is made from a custard base . Gelato is an Italian version of ice cream that has less fat but more sugar, and also has less air mixed into it which gives it a richer and denser consistency.
What would actually happen if the Large Hadron Collider exploded?	There's nothing in the LHC to explode. The major electricity-using components are the giant magnets that circle the ring, while being cooled by liquid helium. In the event of a major failure, the magnets melt and the beam inside disperses into the concrete and dirt surrounding the LHC.Probably not much, in the LHC itself there are a bunch of particles that would be impossible to see with the naked eye at best, there would be no nuclear waste or anything like thatWhen the LHC first fired up the magnets failed causing a serious setback. But, there's really nothing to "explode" there. [LHC suffers setback]
What's happening when a TV commercial gets cut off in the middle of it airing?	When a cable company pays a retransmit agreement; they're allowed to insert advertisements over local stuff. These are triggered by IBOC signals; used to be rapid dial-tones you'd hear from time to time back in the 90's before the digital switch over. Occasionally; an advertisement would get queued up that was longer than the break; since that information wasn't often known. So as soon as the broadcaster sent the tones to discontinue local ads; the local system had to comply; whether it was done airing the ad or not. Things are largely different; broadcasters are able to slip in the digital stream the start of local-ad allowances along with the length of the break; so the system is able to choose ads that are the appropriate length. It still doesn't work perfectly all the time. Prime example was two years ago when Comcast inserted local ads over a playoff game that was running long. In that case; the system picked up some automated commands that said it was ad time; when in reality it wasn't. Screwups like this very rarely happen on the local broadcaster or national level; and are just the result of sloppy cable operators.
What is an algorithm and how do they work?	Typically an algorithm is basically a flowchart for equations/operations. If you've ever followed a flowchart then you know how an algorithm works. A terrible but simple example would be * 1: How to never divide by zero f=A/B* 2: Input A, B* 3: Is B = 0?* 4: if yes, B+1, go to line 3* 5: if no, go to line 6* 6: Divide A/B That's an algorithm.An algorithm is simply a series of steps. You can make an algorithm for solving a rubix cube, one for minimizing the distance taken on a graph, or one for how to use a toiletI find it helpful to think of it as a recipe.An algorithm is simply a series of steps that will work through a process or task until it is complete. Technically, if the series of steps never complete, then it's not a true algorithm. For example, [the program in this short skit] is a series of steps, but since it will never finish, it's not an algorithm.An algorithm is just a step by step representation of a program.. It makes you understand a complex task in a more easier way than a programming languageAn algorithm is just a step by step representation of a program.. It makes you understand a complex task in a more easier way than a programming language.
Why does your mouth "water" when we are about to have yummy food?	Mouth watering helps specially in the digestion of complex carbohydrates splitting them into simple ones. Many yummy foods are principally made of carbohydrates. That's why salad doesn't make you mouth watering,it has no CH, and why a chocolate cake does.Conditioning. We salivate to help digest our food, so if we know food is coming, our mouth will start to salivate in anticipation of the food to help us swallow the food.
How do electronics keep track of the time when they don't have any power?	In a lot of cases, tiny batteries still give them enough power to keep the time. Some devices also reconnect to the internet after a power failure, and update the time that wayThey have a small battery inside. Also, nowadays phones and computers connect to the internet in order to get the current time and date.
Why does eating under cooked chicken make us sick, but eating under cooked beef is completely normal	Beef has a higher density than chicken meat, and as such bacteria have a harder time penetrating the outer layers of the beef, compared to chicken meat.This means you just have to take care of the bacteria on the outside of the beef, and you can keep the inside red, if that's what you want.For the exact same reason, chicken meat has to be cooked all the way through, as it's not dense enough to prevent bacteria from penetrating the surface.There's also factors with slaughtering of the animal vs. how it's prepared but then we go into specifics.
What is MLM and pyramid schemes?	People hate them because they hate being bugged by ‘employees’ of these organizations. There’s also a trust factor issue. Are these people really looking out for your best interests or just trying to do whatever they can to make a buck? Also the whole game is sign people up under you to sell products. So people who get involved in these orgs usually start by contacting everyone they know. So you might here from a friend who you haven’t talked to in a while who are very persistent and aggressive about scheduling 30Minutes with you to discuss your future. I can try explaining multilevel marketing in an example. Say the company sells vitamins. Now say your friend calls you and convinced you buy vitamins on a subscription base. So now your paying money to this org, every month and that friend is getting a cut every time you pay. However, they’ll say you can also make money by selling vitamins yourself. So now you sign up as a seller, under your friend and start finding your own customers to buy vitamins from you, and then you’ll start getting a cut from what they buy. However your first friend is also getting a cut from everything you sell as well. Now you can recruit that person to sell to other people and you can make money off of everything they sell as well. And your first friend is also making money off of what the people under you sell too. That’s where the pyramid scheme or MLM gets its name. The whole goal is for you to recruit people who can recruit other people who can recruit other people who can recruit other people and so on, while you take a slice of the pie from everyone under you. To be fair, I do know a few people involved with MLM companies and they do make money and earn real checks, but they usually devote A LOT of time towards it. I’m talking more than full time.
if it's electoral votes--not popular--that elect the president of the USA, then what would have to happen for a third-party president to win?	The same thing that a major party candidate has to do -- win a majority of the electoral votes. Since the voters in each state choose who the electors are, the third party candidate would have to have a lot of support in almost every state.The clouds would have to part and a great hand would have to descend from the sky and point directly at this candidate. Barring this miracle, it won't happen. About the only thing the Democrats and Republicans agree on is that no other party should have a chance to win. The system is rigged to where it is extremely unlikely that a third party candidate would even be able to qualify to be on the ballot in all fifty states, let alone be more than a footnote when the year's Democrat/Republican winner is announced.They would have to win the electoral votes of the states, in the same manner as the candidates of the two main parties would. George Wallace won 46 electoral votes in the 1968 elections. Who knows how Ross Perot would have done in 1992, if he had stuck things out all the way to the end.
How does quantum entanglement not imply information traveling faster than light or how was the EPR paradox solved?	Say that we have two balls, a red one and a blue one. I am on earth, you are next to the sun . Before you left, you took one ball and placed it in a bag. You don't know which one however. I have the other ball, also in a bag. At a given time , we take the balls out of our bags. I see that I have the red ball, you see that you have the blue ball. From simple deduction I know that you must have the blue since I have the red, and you deduce the same thing. Did any information travel in this experiment? No, it was simply reasoned based on the facts. This is a very, very simple explanation of entanglement but you get the idea.
Why is glass so fragile?	Well, depending on the thickness and tempering, it can be VERY not fragile. But I'm assuming for this one the typical glass of a well, glass. :) The thinness of the glass is part of it. The structure of the glass is the other. The structure of glass is a lattice of the glass molecules and that lattice is fairly strong. But, the glass doesn't bend very well, it's fairly rigid. Think of a dried twig. Easy to snap, right? Now that same twig hydrated fully you'll bend it a lot, but won't snap it. Such is the way of a thin piece of glass, it's akin to a dried twig. It won't bend if pressures are subjected to it. So it snaps. However, that same type of glass about 10x thicker? You'd have to put a large force, and probably very much concentrated in a very narrow way before it snaps on you. The other way it breaks is thermal expansion. Putting hot water in an aquarium, say. The glass is trapped such that it wants to expand, can't, and fractures somewhere to relieve the pressure. If it's thick enough, it can't do this as easily.
How do save states work? Why are they so small compared to save ram, yet recall so much information?	In game consoles? The amount of RAM in old consoles is absolutely tiny. The NES has 2K of RAM, 2K of video RAM, 256 bytes of OAM and 28 bytes of palette RAM. To save an arbitrary state you'd also need to store things like CPU registers which won't amount to much either. Saved games can be tiny on many games when the amount of stuff to know is just the position, HP and inventory. On some, even less.
Does the USA really not have a measuring system for alcohol in bars?	Here in Spain we do free pour, you can have as much or little as you like, within reason, but that is true for a lot of Europe, I think in England, you need an extra license for free pour cocktails
Why do we always "cut" a globe down the Pacific Ocean to make a map instead of the Atlantic Ocean?	The Prime Meridian runs through the UK and is usually right in the center of a world map. To the right are the eastern longitudes, and to the left are the western longitudes. This matches real life because if you face north, east is to the right and west is to the left. It also goes back to when the world was Eurocentric, where Europe was the dominant power in the world and therefore in the centre of the map.Because there's no way to make a vertical cut through the Atlanta without splitting some land mass in two, while the only threat to that in the pacific are some tiny islands.
Why is it that girls hand writing is generally neater, small and prettier than boys and writing	There are tons of theories on this, from hormones to culture, to development stages of the female brain outpacing boys. The truth is nobody knows for sure, but it something that is documented and studied: _URL_0_Girls have finer motor skills than boys. This gives them a better handle on using writing instrumentsMiddle school teacher here. Girls do generally have neater handwriting than boys, they also tend to be better students, both academically and behaviorally. I am 100% certain that this is mostly if not completely cultural rather than innate. I of course have girls who are academic and behavioral disasters and/or have terrible handwriting, and I have boys who are very well behaved, put effort into their academics, and have great handwriting. But the trend is obvious and sustaining. Sadly.
Why does it take a long time for human babies to stand up/crawl but other mammals can stand almost immediately after birth?	The scientific consensus is that humans are birthed early in development as compared to many other mammals as a consequence of our large heads . So a human baby is much less able to care for itself as compared to other mammalian babies.You get ten skill points to put into mobility at birth or intelligence after development. We put 9 into intel and 1 into mobility. Deer put 9 into mobility and 1 into intel. It's a lot more complicated than that, but that's the gist of it. Physics limits what biological things can happen with all animals including mammals. Economies of energy. There's a 3rd bracket too based on number of offspring per birthing. You can throw more points into that and sacrifice mobility and intelligence. So not all mammals are mobile at birth either. A great many are carried in pouches, nursed while helpless, immobile and blind in dens and burrows, etc.
Why do speed limits always ends in either 5 or 0? Why not 2 or a 3?	Not no expert but it's probably because the speedometer shows either 5 or 0. 10, 20,30 mph easier for the driver to figure out rather than looking at each line. This w0uld be different of all cars had digital speedometer.
Why isn't the earth's spin visible from a plane?	two different questions. you can see the earth spin from a plane. travel eastwards and the sun will rise earlier due to the earth spinning. travel westwards and sunset is delayed because the earth is spinning in the same direction you are going. if you want to convince your roommate the earth is not flat however, a better argument is this:- if the earth was flat, cats would have pushed everything off the edge by now.The plane is spinning along with the Earth at the same speed. When the plane takes off, it adds velocity on top of that by firing its engines. If you look out the window at that point, you'd see the earth moving beneath you. Otherwise, you'd never get out of the airport. This also works when you are walking. If you look down, you'll notice that rather than being in the same place, the location that you started at is beginning to move towards the horizon. If you were at the equator and wanted the plane to simply leap into the air and then see the earth rotating at full speed beneath you, relative to your rest frame, you'd have to load one side of the plane with enough explosives to slam it 1000mph in the direction opposite the earth's rotation, since otherwise the plane will move with the Earth. This is typically not practical due to financial reasons.
Since humans evolved in Africa and have developed an effective thermo-regulation system, why do we still complain about summer's heat and have air conditioner?	Not all of Africa is hit. It's southern most point is a hop away from the Antarctic. There isn't much else to say other then humans have evolved in a wide range of climates as Africa has a wide range of climates.
Why have animals adapted so that members of certain species die upon procreation?	Plus in the case of animals that swarm around a single female, the swarm as a whole is a closer analogy to a single larger animal than are individual bees. The genetics that matter are those of the swarm as a whole. The males exist to service that single individual. So one male dies? It's done its job. There may even be a benefit in getting that particular male out of the way - it's carried out its sole function, and it's no longer using up resources. And until and unless there's an advantage to bees of having the males NOT die in copulation - which has probably been working as a solution for several million years - that's the way it will carry on. As an analogy, it's more like the individual spermatogenic cells in a human male dying when they've produced a sperm. I have no idea whether that happens, but if it did, so what? Every male has a host more of them. One cell simply doesn't matter.
If a starter motor turned the opposite way (from normal) would an engine start/run in said opposite direction?	Nope. If you look at a [4 stroke engine] , the opening of the valves to let gas in & exhaust gas out is based on the engine turning in a particular direction. If you were going backwards, you'd be drawing air in through the exhaust & trying to blow it back through the intake valves.the engine would turn the other direction but it would not start. the timing of the combustion in the engine cylinders are designed for one direction aloneNo, a 4 cycle engine will not run in reverse. However, years ago I had a Penton 125 and I replaced the ignition module with a fancy new electronic ignition. I the spark timing wrong and when I kicked it over it kicked back and ran poorly but it ran. When I put it in gear, the engine was running backwards and the bike literally when backwards as I let the clutch out. I nearly fell off. So some engines will run backwards but not 4 cycle engines like the kind used in cars.
Could someone explain to me the difference between socialism and liberalism?	This is a really loaded question because the usage of the terms 'liberal' and 'socialist' in the United States aren't representative of what the terms have meant historically. Further complicating this question is that both socialism and liberal theories have different component parts, i.e. economic liberalism, social liberalism, and philosphoical liberalism. To put it very very very very simply though: liberalism focuses on personal and private property and a laissez-fair approach to economics and society. Socialism on the other hand, is a rejection of this personal and private property and favours communal ownership of property. The reason that socialism and liberalism sometimes get confused in the United States is because social liberalism in the United States is connected to social progressivism and social progressivism are associated with communist and anarchist movements.
Tax on savings (UK)	You're not taxed on the savings themselves, but any interest you earn on your savings is treated as income. In practice, most savings are now tax-free for many people. You now pay no tax on the first £500 or £1000 of interest per year. For pensions, you pay no tax on money that you pay into a pension, then you do pay tax on the money you receive from the pension after you retire.
What is actually happening when we are experiencing a headache?	Not sure about headaches, but migraine is caused by spasms in your blood vessels in the brain. Unfortunately I'm a migraine-sufferer myself.Some people have genetic predisposition to certain triggers that stimulate their fight or flight nervous system that causes blood vessels around the head to swell, and this pressure triggers pain nerves ', "Headaches are a symptom of your particular chemistry. They are your body's way of communicating that there is something wrong, something that doesn't necessarily affect the physical pain receptors. ie, you are cut,burned,crushed etc There are literally thousands of different types of headache and attendant causes. I was surprised because when you google headaches or whatever you find out about a few different sorts of headache. I personally suffer Migraines, Cluster, Icepick, Tension, Sinus, Exercise induced, and Eye-strain 'headaches'. Your doc will be able to hopefully tease out just what kind you have. Ultimately tho, it all boils down to your individual chemical landscape that determines your headache status
How could the US intervene so quickly in Libya but do nothing in response to the declining situation and recent massacres in Syria?	A lot of it has to do with political alliances. It is a horrible truth, but essentially Syria's geographic location, and leadership's connections to Iraq, Turkey, and most importantly Saudi Arabia meant that the US was very hesitant to get involved. At the time of Ghaddafi's downfall, he had essentially no legitimate allies left to back him up. In other words, if we just broke many international laws by jumping into Syria like we did in Libya, we would be further opening a can of worms with all of their already angry neighbors despite the atrocities.
Do clouds muffle the sound of thunder (or other sounds)?	The way sound is muffled when going through some sort of foam material is that the air has to be pushed through the small holes, reducing the speed at which the air moves and turning that energy into heat. Clouds consist of very small droplets of air, kinda like very fine dust - which move with the air rather than rubbing against it.
Why do we like things we don't have but once we have them they start losing their worth?	Typically, it comes down to your perception of the items value. What can it do for me? You convince yourself that it will benefit you to have it and it will, in some way, make life easier or more enjoyable. Once you have it you realize the item has fewer or less useful functions, it's functions are novel, or it's functions do not work as you believed. Expectation vs reality. I convinced myself I needed a smart watch once. The technology just isn't where it needs to be for a smart watch to be very useful, so I returned it since what I had in my head paled when compared with reality.Not everything falls into this catagory. I have the vehicle i always wanted. I have has it for almost 2 years and i still enjoy every minute behind the wheel.We 'desire to possess' something 'we don't possess', We acquire the thing 'we don't possess'.It is no longer a thing 'we don't possess'.Therefore our 'desire to possess' disappears.
Why does a finger with a bandaid turn white and wrinkly and other parts of your body with clothing don't?	Clothing tends to breathe. Try wearing thick socks and steel toed work boots in a hot environment for 10-12 hours and see how your feet look afterwards.It depends on how moist the skin becomes and whether or not that moisture is allowed to evaporate away. This effect will be much more pronounced, for example, if you wash your hands and water is allowed under the Band-Aid. For the same reason, your feet may be moister than your leg when you take your shoes off at the end of the day but they probably aren't white and wrinkled. If you stepped into an ankle-deep puddle in the morning and squished around with a wet shoe all day, your feet would be white and wrinkled at the end of the day.
Why do plants have to get covered up when it gets cold outside?	Same reason you cover up when you go outside. It isn't so much that it keeps them warm, but that it keeps stuff off of them, more like a rain jacket. Some plants don't like snow or frost to be on them, especially fruiting plants. The small layer of covering helps to keep them from being touched directly by things that are too cold.It helps insulate them to snap frosts and also winds that can cause them to desiccate too quickly. Mostly to insulate from quick frosts.
Can a planet have two Suns like Tatooine?	Yes. There are plenty of binary star systems in the known universe. However, the planets orbiting them might not be habitable, as temperatures would likely vary greatly due to how the planet orbits the stars.
If honey doesn't spoil, how can it ferment (to make mead and honeyed wines and such)?	Honey doesnt normally spoil because its dry. It has almost no water in it at all, and if any bacteria attach to it, due to osmosis it sucks the water out of it and kills it off. Its also incredibly acidic which kills off lots of bacteria. If humans add lots of water to it, suddenly the bacteria can feed off of its sugars and then ferment. We can also add things to reduce its acidity.
How do you build a website from scratch?	If you want to truly start from scratch, you need to get your hands dirty in a web development framework. You need to program a content management system. Popular frameworks include Python/Django, Ruby on Rails, and .NET. It's going to take a lot of work and knowledge to build a production level content management system so if you don't absolutely need to start from scratch You may want to look into a content management system and start building from there. Some popular ones are Drupal, Wordpress, and Joomla. You want to research these and more and weigh out their strengths and weaknesses and compare them to the features you want for your website.
Why don't animals react the same way to bad smells like humans do?	Dogs are particularly attracted to very strong smells because they can use it to hide their own smell. It's a form of camouflage: remember that dogs are predators, and anything that makes it harder for their prey to detect them is an advantage. Humans are repelled by the smell of things like faeces and rotting flesh because those things tend to carry germs or parasites that can damage our health. They could potentially make dogs ill as well, but for dogs the advantage of not being detected outweighs the disadvantage of the risk of disease. Cats also don't like the smell of rotting flesh. You've probably noticed that your cat will carefully smell food before eating it, just to check it's fresh. Instead of trying to disguise their smell by masking it with a stronger smell, cats will spend a lot of time cleaning themselves. The smell of urine is interesting to a cat, because it gives the cat useful information about what animals and other cats are in the area.
How did the British decide what intelligence from breaking Enigma to act on and what to let go?	Well the good news about breaking Enigma is that they now would know everything that German intelligence knew. The Germans communicated with their troops and generals through the Enigma transmissions, therefore, if you had broken Enigma, and the Germans didn't know you had, they would continue using it as if no one was hearing what they were saying. Because of this, they could listen in and make statistical decisions on what strategies to use to win the war slowly. Because of the Statistics, they could stop certain attacks and allow others to happen. By doing this, Hitler wouldn't suspect that they had broken Enigma because why would you let your own soldiers die if you knew an attack was coming. It is an ethical nightmare but that's war for ya.The idea that the British were selective in reacting to Enigma intelligence is overstated. There were a few isolated incidents when the allied decided not to tip their hands, but the Axis pretty much considered the code unbreakable, and continued to rely on it despite evidence to the contrary. Also note that Enigma messages will had to be intercepted, and not all were, giving the Allies an incomplete view into German operations. Not all intelligence was able to be put to good use.
How do genetic traits work if both of them are dominant?	It depends. You could get something like what you described. You could also get something called codominance, where both traits are expressed simultaneously. For example, blood types do this. A type is dominant, and B type is dominant. If you inherit both, your blood type is AB, because your cells express both antigens simultaneously. There's also a notion of incomplete dominance, where the traits blend together and meet in the middle. I don't know a human example, but in some flowers, red coloration and white coloration are both dominant, so if a progeny inherits both, it becomes pink .
why does the max volume on my device vary so much based on what it is playing?	It is entirely dependent on the volume level used when mastering the video/song/etc. Some use a standard 'volume'. This is why all songs on iTunes are almost identical volume when they play at the same level on your phone. However, YouTube doesn't require this and as such some videos published retain the low 'master' volume used originally in the editing software. A good example of someone abusing this principle is the obnoxious vines that master the volume of a vine initially low so you turn your device up - then increase the master volume to make it seem extremely loud all the sudden on the device.Its not your device at that point, its the source of sound. Why does a video of someone whispering sound more quiet than a video of someone screaming?
why does the sun feel so good on your skin when you have a fever?	Because when you have a fever, your body is internally very hot, which means heat is flowing out of your skin rapidly, so you feel cold. When the sun hits your skin, you stop feeling cold because heat is flowing into your skin as well .
how can currencies' price drop and rise? And What are they based on?	Currencies rise and fall based on the value of the goods / services for which they can be redeemed in a given country. Thus the value of a currency can be varied by a variety of factors. Exports and the international market play a role in determining value as do stock markets, etc. Governments or other financial bodies such as reserve banks may also alter the value of a currency by changing rates to increase value or competitive trade. For instance a higher Aussie dollar means that our currency is worth more by comparison and therefore we receive less money for trade overseas . Whereas a lower Aussie dollar results in the reverse.
How exactly does muscle growth work?	Your muscles are made from bundles of stringy cells that are capable of contracting and relaxing. Exercise and damage to the muscle from overuse will cause your body to adapt and build the muscle up more strongly than it was before . Your body creates those new muscle cells from the material you eat. The exact process from food- > muscle tissue is difficult to describe, because the actual material the new muscle cells are made of may have been in your body for a long time and been used for other things. Basically, though, your body breaks down food into it's tiniest building blocks. Since the things we eat are made of the same basic things we are, we can then use those materials to build our own tissues up.
Why does brushing one's teeth completely RUIN orange juice immediately afterward?	Most toothpaste has a chemical in it called SLS, which is what makes the toothpaste foamy. SLS temporarily blocks your tastebuds from being able to taste "sweet" well. It also removes fat. Fat normally blocks you from tasting "bitter." So you taste less "sweet," and more "bitter." Orange juice is a citrus, which is normally a yummy combination of sweet and sour. Get rid of the sweet, add in some bitter, and your OJ tastes nasty.
are photons (light) impacted by air/wind once the reach earth from the sun?	They are impacted by the air. Once they hit the atmosphere they scatter, which is why we get a blue sky in the middle of the day, while at sunrise and sunset we get a red sky. As the light passes through the air, more and more of the light scatters. Light travels far too fast to be impacted by the windYes, that is why our sky is blue. Some of the light has a chance to be scattered by the air in a process known as Raleigh Scattering. Though the air scatters all forms of light, blue light scatters the most, therefore the sky is blue.
What is a "resort fee" and who decides their price?	To my understanding, a resort fee is a flat rate charge which covers access to the extra ammenities a hotel may offer. Rather than charging for individual services such as the pool, spa, massage, or whatever else or other extras they can all be had at a flat rate. It seems to be legal only in the USA and Canada and explicitly illegal in most other places. My issue is that its a semi-hidden cost when you look for a room on an online site like Expedia. To my knowledge there's no way to opt out of the resort fee so why not just include it in the advertised price? As for who determines the price, the hotel itself does. they can vary from 20 to way over 100.Unfortunately u/jscott25 is incorrect. Resort fees are mandatory additional charges in addition to the regular fee for your room, and must be paid in order to receive the key to your room. They are most often daily recurring charges as well, meaning every day you stay, you must pay the additional fee. This has nothing to do at all with extra amenities or services. Even budget hotels/motels can charge resort fees. The hotel decides the price, and there is no limit to the price. The hotel can even change the price at any given time, so a Friday fee might be higher than Tuesday fee, and a holiday fee might be higher still.It's a fee hotels charge, theoretically for use of the amenities/facilities beyond a room you'll most commonly see it at resort properties where people are more likely to stay on the grounds and do activities, sit by the pool, etc. rather than go sight-seeing off the hotel grounds. It's a way to advertise lower prices while making more money, since there are more costs with having staff to hand out towels at the pool, man the boat rentals, run the yoga classes and so on. Each hotel/property sets its own fee, based on costs and market .
Why do strange bugs show up when you leave cardboard/variants put away for a long time?	Cardboard and is mostly processed wood, an organic material. Which means it's food for some organisms. If you add a humid environment, like that associated with warm weather, and lack of light, bacteria and mold can now grow on your cardboard. Which means that there is now food for slightly larger organisms - > bugs - > spiders. Long story short: where there is food, life will eventually come along and eat it.
Why can't you use electronic devices on planes right after takeoff?	Takeoff and landing are when most survivable air-flight incidents happen. In order to maximize survivability in the event that anything goes wrong, certain rules are made about what you can and can't do during takeoff and landing. For instance, you can't have a tray-table out during takeoff or landing. Why? Because it would be in your way if you needed to evacuate your seat. You also can't have your seat reclined during takeoff or landing, because it would be in other people's way if they needed to evacuate their seats. Carry-on items are required to be stowed during takeoff and landing because in the event of sudden maneuvering, those items become projectiles. Historically, the dividing line between what is a carry-on item and what isn't has been left to cabin-crew discretion; nobody's going to tell Old Lady Flaherty in 11C to put her rosary away. But the advent of gadgetry last decade complicated things, because suddenly people started carrying these wee little things which happened to be, as a rule, very dense and very hard. So there was an opportunity to just make a blanket rule: No gadgets may be out during takeoff and landing, period, end of paragraph.
Why are panda bears becoming extinct?	Unfortunately pandas have very long reproductive cycles . This means that their populations are particularly sensitive to disruptions, such as deforestation for palm oil plantations. To give you an idea; the few western zoos lucky enough to have pandas have been trying to breed them in captivity for years with little success - they can be very 'picky'.A combination of their habitat being destroyed by humans and that they are not breeding. We do not know why they are having problems with breeding.
How does salt and/or sand “melt” snow?	Normal rain water freezes at 0°c. Salty water freezes at a lower temperature. As long as it's not cold enough to freeze salty water the ice melts. It's often laid as grit and or sand because salt is soluble, it melts the ice but then it dissolves and runs down the drains with the water. Grit and sand helps hold the salt in place and dissolve more slowly. Interestingly as the ice melts it ~~looses~~ loses energy and actually gets colder! Thats why it's important to grit before the paths and roads go icy to have the greatest effect Edit typos
What would the world be like if all of our collective debt was wiped out (in a deleted sense, not paid off)?	Well there probably wouldn't be any world left considering how extreme an event it would be to wipe out every banking record. But let's play the game. It would be REALLY REALLY BAD for a while. Debt makes the world go round and suddenly A LOT of people are out A LOT of money since there is no proof they lent money to someone. Eventually it would all get figured out but it would be extremely bad for the economy, Great Depression ^2 level bad. Then everyone would get back to lending and debt and soon we'd be where we are today as debt is nothing but a tool to facilitate growth.
How do drug makers come up with the names for their drugs? (e.g. how did "Fluoxetine" become "Prozac"?)	[This _URL_1_ entry] talks about how certain drugs are named: * Drugs marketed to women have softer letters * Drugs with X/Z sound more futuristic and make people think they're cutting edge* Some Latin roots are used and max - and Fosamax is used for osteoporosis)
How do clouds stay up?	That weight is spread across a huge volume! Clouds are really massive and you can think of them like fog or mist. The very tiny water droplets that make up a cloud are so small they get carried up into the sky by rising warm air currents. Once up there the tiny droplets combine getting bigger and bigger, until eventually they are too big to be held up by the air currents. So down they come in the form of rainClouds "stay up" because they exist in the atmosphere at an altitude where all that water cannot dissolve into the air, so what you see is the excess precipitation in the form of tiny water droplets. Droplets so small that the effect of gravity on them is less than the \'push\' of the air around them so they don't all fall to the Earth. When enough of them combine and begin to weigh more, they start to descend as mist/rain, depending on how many \'clump\' together. While it's true that a single cloud can weigh a million pounds or so, it is the entire weight of all of the water in the cloud that weighs that much, however since it is spread out among so many individual water droplets, what weighs a million pounds is spread out enough so that gravity doesn't have the same effect on it if it were all in one large raindrop. Hope this helps! Peace!
Why do we have to pay to see our credit scores?	Because it's not "your" credit score. It's a company's credit score that they created about you. In other words, it's their proprietary data that happens to reference you, and not something that belongs to you. And from a practical standpoint, it prevents you from repeatedly checking your score after every single transaction to try to reverse-engineer the formula and then use that knowledge to game the systemSome reason you have to pay to see "your" X-ray. Someone went through a lot of trouble to make it, and just because it involves you doesn't mean you get their work for free.You don't. In Canada, at least, you get one free peek at your score per year. [Get yours here.]
Really, what are the implications of the existence of ring-shaped black holes?	Science doesn't find the truth as much as it gets slowly closer and closer to describing it. We have models that describe features of the universe and those models are tested on how well they can predict new things. For example, the Big Bang Theory predicted there would be a curtain of low-level microwave radiation visible in all directions with powerful enough instruments. That curtain was found, and it lent credence to the big bang model. That doesn't mean the big bang theory as it's currently written is 100% accurate. For a good example, newtonian mechanics is a model that accurately describes and predicts physics as long as things are sufficiently large and moving slowly. Once things get to the atomic level, or they get past around 15% of the speed of light, Newton's models can no longer predict things and we need a new model. Ring-shaped black holes are predicted by certain models of how the universe works. If those black holes exist, then one of those models is probably more correct than our current one, but more importantly a lot of our current models based on general relativity are probably wrong. The scary scenario that pop science is playing up is that once those models are gone, we're left much less certain of the accuracy of our predictions about the character of the universe. It'd be like knowing everything about checkers and finding out you actually signed up to a chess tournament. You're in the dark. All that practice and study you've been doing is of questionable value.
What is exactly going on in my ear before and after it 'pops'?	There are tubes in your ear which are moistened by mucus ; they can trap air bubbles or even water when you are swimming. When you experience a change in pressure or if you move your muscles in certain ways , the mucus seals which are trapping that air can be pushed open causing a small popping sensation.
Why is it bad to sleep with contacts on?	They restrict the amount of oxygen your eyes get. Things like sore/red eyes are pretty usual, sometimes it can get so bad that you can't even put them in until they get better. My sister and I seem to be prone to getting conjunctivitis if we keep them in too long, too.
why When a Tv is on and the screen is black why does the TV still emit light in a dark room? Even though the screen is black.	Televisions use back lights to send light through colored pixels to make images. When the TV is on the back light is on, even when no picture is being displayed.
25 ohms vs. 200 ohms	First, if you haven't heard beyerdynamic headphones before and know which of them your ears like, you should get neither of them. No specification online can tell you how something sounds: try them out in store. Second, which of those you should get if you love both depends on what you're using to listen to music with them. If you're using a regular mp3 player, or even your computer, the 25ohms are probably better. They need less power to get loud. The ones that are 200ohms might be too quiet on a regular mp3 player, and they will only be "worth it" if you use a headphone amp, or dedicated large audio equipment.
Why did drive-in restaurants die out in America?	Drive-ins were replaced predominately by drive throughs. The Restaurant can sell the same volume of food with a fraction of the staff and people get in and out fasterThe other guy's answer is dead on but also, culture around burgers and other fast food started to change the fast food got faster and less exciting. If you look back near it's introduction, going to McDonald's was like an exciting event. Drive ins excelled in this model because people wanted to stay at the restaurant. Nowadays it's very different, people aren't usually really jazzed for Mickey D's it's "hey lets run in real quick and then get back on the road towards our destination." Thus the "thru" model fit betterDrive-ins have one big problem: limited parking and no easy way to make people leave. Classically, this meant that teenagers could tie up the entire place for all of Friday and Saturday nights hanging out with friends, while spending very little on actual food and drink. Coffee shops have largely avoided this problem with limited wifi and by having counter and/or drive-through service so that people who just want a coffee can buy and leaveWatch the movie "The Founder" Covers this topic pretty succinctly. It's boring as a movie, but as a documentary about McDonalds. It's interesting as fuck.The more important question is: why were they popular to begin with? Do you have something against tables that you want to eat in your car? Do you like the idea of spilling shit all over the inside of your car but don't like saving time by eating as you drive someplace? I mean they've always seemed like the stupidest idea to me.
Why do we need a paper copy of a car registration?	I got a ticket for not having my paper copy. The cop said he knew it was registered since I gave him my ID number and then proceeded to write me up for not being able to prove I was registeredThe average computer in a police car is really slow.
How come when I sing while listening to music it sounds perfect to me. But when the music is off I sound horrible?	You have the vocals supporting your voice and "filling in the holes."The vocals and instruments make your voice sound better. If you sang to a karaoke video, your voice would sound better than it would with no music. For example, most rock singers sound way different without the instrumentsI think the music helps to keep you on key and helps you remember the pitch"resonance" is the word. If the music is off and you sound horrible chances are you just sound horrible. I'm not knocking you; I have a degree in music and I can't sing for shit.
Why does microwaving a "dry" bread/muffin makes its texture like almost fresh?	Microwave excites the hydrogen atoms in water and sugar, making them hotter. If the water in it gets hotter, it expands, or even turns into steam, making bread sort of fresh tasting.
how do we absorb things at all from vegetables if we can't break the cellulose wall?	We can break the wall by chewing or cooking as mentioned before, but also bacteria in our gut will break down the cellulose. It's a mutually beneficial relationship. The bacteria get tasty cellulose, and we get the nutrients from the plant matter.You manually break the walls by chewing or cooking.
Why is plastic always still wet after going through the dishwasher?	Glass and ceramic hold the heat so moisture will evaporate off. Plastic cools quite quickly so moisture will not have the opportunity to evaporate.
the rips in ripped jeans	Originally jeans would rip, usually\u200b in the knees, if you wore them long enough. Some people kept wearing them and eventually it became fashionable to wear them that way. Later, companies started making jeans with the rips in them, to mimic old, worn out jeans, much like you can buy t-shirts now where the design looks like it's been worn out over the years.
When people say the fridge is their best friend, isn't it many times not the case, since most of the food they eat are in cupboards?	It's a figure of speech called metonymy. Metonymy is when you use a simpler object or name to stand in for something complex. For example, when people talk about "Wall Street", they mean all corporate bankers and investment firms, not just the ones that literally have offices on Wall Street in New York City. When someone says they are a member of "the press", they mean that they are a member of the news media, not a mechanical part in a literal printing press. In this case the metonymy is that the person is using "the fridge" to indicate their entire eating habits.
Why is water not compressible?	When you are doing things in science and engineering, often calculations can be easier when you make simplifying assumptions. For water, if you increase the pressure to 100 times "normal" pressure its size will only change a small amount . That means if you ever have to do calculations with water operating under pressure, you can assume it doesn't change size at all and your calculations will still be within 1% . Now if you are working with something like a gas it is not so simple. If you increase the pressure, the size changes a lot. Doubling the pressure on a balloon, will it shrink to half its size! For these things you have to figure this into your calculations or they will be way off.It is compressible, it is just very difficult. In common situations we can assume it won't compress a noticeable amount, but under extreme pressures it will compress.
what are mortgage backed securities..??...and what role did it played in US 2008 market crash...	Let me show you [the best youtube video you'll see all week]. I've watched it like 15 times. Not because I still don't get it , but because it's so nice. When you get to the CDO's well, those are mortgage backed securities.
Why 60fps videos and movies are still not a thing?	Movies would normally be 48fps . Peter Jackson shot some of the Hobbit stuff at HFR, and there were compalints that "it didn't look like film" Video can be shot at 60 fps but requires twice the storage and twice the bandwidth to deliver, so is less profitable for makers.
How is it that radiation, which causes cancer, can also help to treat cancer?	Radiation causes damage to the mechanisms of the cell. If you're really unlucky, it causes damage to the mechanisms that regulate the cell growth, and a cell or group of cells begin to replicate out of control. But radiation still causes damage. So you use a technique where you fire bursts of radiation from different angles, centered on the cancer. This means that the 'non cancer cells' get small doses , hopefully not enough to cause a problem, but the cancer cells at the center of all the 'beams' get roasted with radiation. Since this causes damage, the hope is that it will break enough of their shizz to kill them.Radiation causes destructive damage to DNA. At a "mild" this damages DNA enough to cause uncontrolled growth of the cell . At a higher level it destroys DNA enough that the cells initiates "auto-destruct" and dies. The dose given in radiotherapy is very high and targeted and kills the cells it contacts.
Why is it ok to draw Muhammad because of a few radicals. But, it's not ok to put a cross upside down, burn the US flag, and so on?	It isn't illegal to burn a US flag. Not aware of any laws against drawing crosses upside down.
The United States Constitutional Convention	It was the convention held in the United States which lead to the drafting of the Constitution. Do you have a more specific question?
Why I see cars with Hawaii license plates driving in the continental US?	They can be shipped on ferrys and things yes', "It's cheaper to ship a car then sell an otherwise good car and repurchase another similar one if you're moving to the mainland.
If CRISPR changes the DNA of a cell, how does it change the DNA of an entire body?	There's a few ways, but it's all about how you deliver the gRNA and the Cas9 protein and your repair DNA . If you modify germ cells , then any progeny from these cells will have the modification in all cells because these divide into all the cells of an organism. You could also use a virus to modify certain cells in an organism.You could also take cells out of the body, culture them and modify them in vitro and reintroduce those cells. This approach has been [attempted]. Sometimes, to help treat a condition, you don't need to change the DNA in every cell. If you want to get all cells or most cells, you need to edit while the organism is at a very early stage of development.
How does Rita's water ice (or Italian ice for you non philly people) afford to give away free water ice every first day of spring?	Because frozen water is hilariously inexpensive compared to what people will pay for it. Side Note: Water ice .They do this as a marketing tactic. Frozen desserts are mostly consumed during the spring and summer . By offering free product on the first day of spring, they are getting people back into the 'habit' of going to the water ice stand for the spring/summer season. Also, as other posters have mentioned, water ice is pretty darn cheap to make, so they probably aren't spending a whole lot of money to do this, and figure they will make it back, and then some, from the publicity.
Why does the loss of blood result in the 'pins and needles' sensation?	It doesn't. A limb falling asleep isn't caused by a loss of blood flow. It's caused by pressure being applied to a nerve, causing it to stop working. So signals don't make it from that limb to your brain. When the pressure is relieved, the nerve can start sending random signals as it gets back into equilibrium, which you perceive as the "pins and needles" sensation.
How factorials of non-whole numbers work	It doesn't. There's no such thing as a factorial not defined on integers. There is something called the Gamma function, which has the property that Γ=! whenever x is a positive integer, and it's nicely behaved, so it seems like a natural way to generalize the factorial function to real numbers. edit I said Γ=! and that is wrong.There is something called the gamma function, which gives the factorial series for integers, and fills in the gaps for non-integers. It is actually quite complex, requiring calculus and stuff to compute. At that point, the 1 x 2 x 3 definition of factorial no longer applies.
Why does a sunburn not hurt for several hours after actually being in the sun too long?	As your body's response, capillaries open up, allowing more blood to the affected area. This aids in the healing process but also makes the area feel warmer and more tender. However, the response isn't immediate, taking the noticeable few hours before the inflammation sets in.
What would happen if you placed a spherical magnet on a flat magnetized plane?	I don't think there is enough information here. A flat magnetized plane isn't really a thing. Do you mean that the whole magnet is the flat top of the N side of a large magnet that extends below it? In that case the sphere would orient itself so that the south side of the sphere were pointed at the N plane. If you mean that the plane is flat and thin and the N side of the magnet is in front of you and the South side is behind you then I don't think that there would any field at all. Nothing special would happen.I agree with /u/lohborn's answer, the spherical magnet would reorient itself to be attracted to the plane. If you wanted to create some sort of levitating magnet scenario, you can do that provided there is some force which prevents the magnetic sphere from rotating it's magnetic axis. A [levatron] is a device which accomplishes this by using the angular momentum of a spinning magnetic top to keep it from flipping. The magnetic field of the base isn't "flat" but designed to have a minimum in the center so that the top doesn't move side-to-side.
why do old people talk so slowly?	I can't speak specifically about old people speech patterns as there are many physical reasons they may speak slower, but I know this about myself: I actively TRY to speak slower and more deliberately as I age. It allows me to think about what I am meaning to say, and breath naturally while speaking. Rapid communication can be a signal someone isn't really thinking about what they are saying, they're just "talking", and it's not really that healthy to not breath naturally during a conversation. They may have also learned that speaking quickly and out of turn has caused some troubles in their life, and this slowly changed their pace of speech. Also, old people ain't got no-where to go often, so they're usually not in such a mental-rush that they "could be somewhere else" like a younger mind so often does.
The half-life of a drug	Drugs affect the human body by binding to protein receptors . And one drug molecule binds to one drug receptor. The more drug molecules you have in your body, the more protein receptors are bound, and the stronger the drug effect. However, for some protein, you need to cover a minimum number of receptors to feel the effect at all, thus, the effectiveness of the drug will wear off long before you reach the half-life point. For others, you do not need to cover every receptor to produce the maximum effect, thus, you will feel the full effective of the drug will extend long past the drug's half life. Generally, a drug is considered to be completely cleared from your body after 5 half-lives. Furthermore, different people breakdown drugs at different speeds, thus, the duration of effect of a drug for you may be different than for other people.
Why do gay guys sometimes have higher pitched voices?	Normal Distributions. As a population, men have a spectrum of voice pitch. As a population, straight men have a spectrum of voice pitch. As a population, gay men have a spectrum of voice pitch. You've got observation bias.For the same reason that straight guys sometimes doOne thing that is constantly argued about when it comes to the homosexual population is whether or not they have a choice in this preference or if it is pre-determined by genetics. While I never thought too hard on this topic since its results didn't effect me too much, I do have a few articles that might help explain this . I recall stumbling upon a "gay" test on reddit before, which has its bearings. Homosexual men and women tend to exhibit traits of the opposite gender and [this] article). So gay men tend to be more "feminine" and lesbian women tend to be more "masculine". This may be the reason why gay men have voices that sound "gay", because they are simply exhibiting more feminine traits, but I'll just quote the article itself: > "But some researchers have noted that gay men are likely to have finger-length ratios more in line with those of straight women, and a study of self-described “butch” lesbians showed significantly masculinized ratios. The same goes for the way we hear, the way we process spatial reasoning, and even the ring of our voices. One study, involving tape-recordings of gay and straight men, found that 75 percent of gay men sounded gay to a general audience. It’s unclear what the listeners responded to, whether there is a recognized gay “accent” or vocal quality. And there is no hint as to whether this idiosyncrasy is owed to biology or cultural influences—only that it’s unmistakable." - [the second link above] tl;dr: there are speculations, but the answer is not clear.
Even with enough sleep, why am I still tired if I stay up late or wake up early?	Sleep cycles can play a factor but if youre getting enough sleep , you should be hitting about two sleep cycles. I think the reason you're still tired if you wake up early is because its still dark outside. This might seem counterintuitive but it makes sense when you consider your pineal gland. The pineal gland is a small gland that is located in the direct center of your brain. Scientists believe this is an evolutionary remnant of early organisms\' "proto-brains". Basically, organisms that eventually evolved into humans started out with pineal glands for brains. They didn't have complex eyes like we have, but had rudimentary eyes that could sense light/dark. The pineal gland processed these light/dark inputs from their basic eyes. As we evolved, the pineal gland retained this functionality. Nerves from the optic nerve directly behind your eyes feed into the pineal gland and tell your body where you are in the typical light/dark cycle of the day. When its dark outside, your pineal gland makes melatonin, which in turn makes you sleepy. Light inhibits this production so you aren't tired. When you wake up before its light outside, your pineal gland is still producing melatonin and it's making you sleepy. When you wake up and it's light outside, the melatonin isn't playing a part in your sleepyness and youre usually less tired .Probably because you're not hitting optimal sleep [cycles].
Why is America so polarized today? And how can it be fixed?	Basically, society changed in the 1960s as institutions that previously brought people together from varied backgrounds to interact fractured and people sorted into groups of mostly very similar people . How many of your friends have different core beliefs than you?', "I honestly don't feel that Americans themselves are any more polarized than they ever have been. I think your perspective is probably skewed by the post war environment, in which the country was unusually unified. People in power at that time came from an environment in which consensus had to be built and decision had to be made and implemented quickly. This has not been the norm in American history . A lot of our political deadlock can be blamed on the two party system. Each political debate becomes a zero sum game. With multiple parties, there are many more opportunities to seek agreement on issues and move forward agendas. For example, if you have three parties and only the far left opposes a bill , the center and right parties can work together to pass it. If a two party system, that 30% of the population is actually a controlling majority within the left wing party. Given that a huge majority in both houses and control of the presidency is needed to push through a bill, the odds that the issue advances is low despite 70% support in the population.
Why people expect an adult to be able to do something that a child did, only because a child was able to do it?	It's a stereotype because typically your average adult has a wider range of skills than your average child and the 'level' that most children can achieve at a task at a young age is often lower than a 'basic' level for an adult. E.g. the strongest 8 year old in the world is probably weaker than 90%+ of able bodied adults. But it's not just physical things. Across many areas of skill you could reasonably expect the average adult to be ahead of the average child - so yes, physical things like strength; speed; hand-eye coordination. But also mental things like deduction; reasoning; rule-recognition; mental arithmetic; language depth; general knowledge or life-experience things etc. Of course, like most stereotypes it's just a rule of thumb and so should not be considered definitive. There are 100% definitely children with skills and capabilities far in advance of the average adult; but because it works in general, it's become a sort of assumed fact.
Why does slice cheese get mold faster than shredded cheese?	Mold requires a few things to grow. The first is a tiny wee little itty-bitty mold spore, and the second is a nutritious perfectly-moist surface, like a hunk of cheese. The more surface area on a piece of cheese and the more air it gets exposed to or contact it has with slicing blades and stuff, the greater the chances a mold spore will land on a moist spot and grow, and the resulting mold will start multiplying like crazy to the point where you can actually see it as mold. But shredded cheese is different - it's dryer on its surface because they pack it with a little powdered cellulose coating to keep it separated rather than clumping up. And then they add a chemical called natamycin which prevents mold growth too. Double-whammy. Sliced cheese needs to be moister or it'll crumble, so no cellulose. and thus no moist nutritious surfaces that are in contact with the air compared to the sliced cheese and thus less moldy ick a few days later when you spot that package in the back in the fridge and fondly remember that insane 4am pizza party from two weekends ago.Pre-Shredded cheese is usually surface coated with cellulose and Natamycin which is is an anti-mold agent. Block cheese will have an exposed surface once you cut into it, thus the increased mold production .I think.A whole brick of cheese is normally covered by the plastic wrapper. Sliced cheese has everything exposed. All this exposed area gives more room for mold to land and start growing.
Where do the bubbles in caffeinated drinks start off? How do they just appear?	We call them "carbonated beverages" because they have carbon dioxide dissolved in them. More CO2 can dissolve at higher pressures, which is why it stays in solution while the bottle/can is unopened and therefore pressurized. Once the container is opened, the CO2 begins coming out of solution. As to the bubbles themselves: they are actually forming on imperfections in the surface of the container or small particles of dust, etc.I think OP's asking about why the bubbles in carbonated drinks appear at seemingly random places along the side and bottom of the container. These are called nucleation sites. The dissolved CO2 encounters imperfections in the surface of the container, which facilitates the phase change into gas.
Why do certain word/ name pairings sound "better" one way than the other? Example: peanut butter and jelly sounds better than jelly and peanut butter.	only because you're been exposed to pbj more than jpb. maybe pbj is easier to say than jpb? let me ask you, which sounds better? computer tv and telephone. or telelphone computer and tv ?", 'A combination of things, some of it is familiarity. Some of it is that certain syllables just flow better in certain orders in english. Some of these t is that there is an order of words in grammar, and most people follow that order subconsciously, and it sounds wrong when that order is broken
Why are "Moscow Mules" always served in a copper mug - what is special about the mug?	The reasoning that the mug gets cold is obviously a good thing, but that implies that copper has a very high exchange rate of temperature. It does, that's why they use copper for computer heatsinks. Very good at heat transfer. Which is bad. Your drink will get warmer faster and your body heat will transfer to the drink faster than a glass. If you drink it fast, great, if you spend more than a few minutes, nope. Basic physics.The salesman John G. Martin traveled around the country selling Smirnoff vodka and created promotional photos with bartenders using a specialty copper mug. The copper mug serving vessel remained popular from that.The story goes that the people who invented it worked for Smirnoff Vodka and went around getting pictures at different bars with a copper mug - the mug was a part of the marketing and [became instantly connected with the drink]. Another version of the story I've seen floating around is that three guys were drinking together when they first mixed up the cocktail - the owner of Smirnoff, the owner of C & B Ginger Beer, and a guy who sold copper wares. So they put it all together and made a killing!
Why does orange juice with pulp have the same fiber content as pulp-free?	Fiber is soluble in water and the actual pulp adds an insignificant amount of fiber to that already in the OJ.
What is the difference between PDF/A, PDF/X and PDF/E?	The different versions were optimized for different purposes. Basically, they have different requirements for the information contained within them so that they can be used properly PDF/A was developed for electronic document storage. PDF/X was for graphics and printing. PDF/E was for documents used in engineering workflows.
Why do dogs enjoy Tug o' War?	same reason many hunting dogs love squeaky toys and will shake them mercilessly and pull all the stuffing out. Instincts. They're trying to brutally kill the fucker.

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