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Why do we lose our voices when we yell or scream a lot?
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Just an anatomy clarification, your whole voice box isn't actually a muscle. It's a fold of tissue. There are the false vocal cords, and then the true ones. What happens is air passes through these folds and the true ones vibrate to make sound. Now when you scream you actually make the surrounding tissue swell up and become inflamed which hinders the vibration of the vocal folds.Source: 10 credits undergrad of anatomy and psychology.
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What is the difference between copyright and all rights reserved?
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Copyright is a legal concept. When something says "copyright" or has the designation on it, the creator is claiming the work to be origingal and that they hold exclusive rights to its use. A claim of copyright is usually followed by a statement of what the copyright holder will or will not allow others to do with that copyrighted material and that they are prepared to defend it in court. The phrase "All rights reserved", is the most common of these statements because it is brief and unambiguous. It essentially means "We the copyright holder do not permit any unauthorized use of this material". It also implies that you can expect a call from a lawyer or two if you violate their copyright.
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What is the most likely way the universe will end?
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We don't know for sure, but the prevailing theory is [heat death]. Basically, every single particle of matter will eventually decay into thermal energy. Since thermal energy is only useful when there are differences in temperature, eventually the temperature will even out across the universe and it will not facilitate any interactions.I’ve understood that heat death of the universe is the most likely of the outcomes. Time, space, and the universe are constantly expanding outward, and the indication of the Big Bang is it’s eventually a long term explosion that will expand so far the universe will be “too cold” to function as it will be too big for the amount of energy left
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What is a brainfreeze and how does it happen?
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It occurs when the roof of your mouth gets cold. It cools a nerve in that area which constricts blood vessels.
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How do cows and buffalos build muscles while eating mostly grass?
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Grass actually does have a surprising amount of protein in it. But humans can't digest grass, it takes far longer to digest than it stays in our systems for. Enter ruminants, animals, like cows, that are able to digest grass due to their unique multi-stomach structure that allows them to get the nutritional content out of it.
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Before someone invented scissors (no, it wasn't Leonardo DaVinci), how did people cut their hair and fingernails?
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With long nails, you can pare off slivers of nail with the edge of the knife When your nails are shorter, you can shave the nail by holding the blade perpendicular to the edge of the nail and dragging it along the length of the nail. This leaves fairly sharp edges that you can buff smooth by rubbing them against rough cloth, like denim. Nails don't necessarily need to be trimmed though - if you've ever just let them grow until you have 4-5mm of white, they start to wear down much faster. Hair can be cut by grasping a clump of it, and sawing through it with a knife; or you could just shave it off.
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Would it be possible to create liquid wood in a vacuum?
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Not everything can melt. Many materials being to break down from heat before it ever reaches liquid phase; this process is called [pyrolysis]. Wood is one such exampleShort answer no. To create a liquid you need high temperatures and/or low pressures. For wood and many other substances and room temp the pressure literly cant go low enouh to turn it into a liquid or gas. So what about high temperatures, for wood and many plastics and other complicated organic material, before the temperature goes high enough that it should melt it will start to burn, or other chemical reaction will take place within the material.
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How do massive cold fronts, like the one being experienced in America right now, occur?
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The cold front that is being experienced by the United States and Canada right now is known as a polar vortex. Polar vortexes are strong winds found in the upper level of the atmosphere that normally stay over the north pole. On occasion the vortex can be distorted, causing cold air to spill to the south. [Source]', "[NPR had a pretty good explanation] -- basically, you've got high pressure air to the west, high pressure to the east, and in between the cold arctic air. The arctic air is getting squeezed by the two systems on each side, and when you squeeze something it has to squirt out somewhere. The arctic air is getting squirted out all over the US this time.
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How is it possible for someone to survive riding in the wheel well of a jet at 36,000 feet for several hours?
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Like most of the stories going, he entered a staye of hibernation. This is possible. Ive heard stories of people being trapped underwater in subfreezing temps but what happens is the body keeps only the vitals alive. Ive heard of this with infants who fall into pools occasionally they survive with no damage. I wouldnt test this thoughI have absolutely nothing to back this up, but I had a theory while talking with my dad. I wondered if higher pressure from beneath the wings, or ram air pressure from high speed flight entering gaps in the landing gear doors, created a semi pressurized cavity out of the wheel well. Even if it only lowered the pressure altitude inside to 25,000 feet, it could have aided in keeping enough oxygen in his blood to support life. It would be easy enough to test. Send one up with a recording altimeter tucked in the wheel well.
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What's a neckbeard? The person, not the beard. (I know what a beard on the neck looks like.)
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The general implication is that the person acts superior or overly-critical towards others, yet their poor personal hygiene shows that they don't apply the same standards for themselves. They may act like their STEM degree qualifies them as an authority on every subject under the sun, yet just by looking at them you can tell they are oblivious to certain topics.
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What causes the itchy irritation on your butt from feces?
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You see, when poop gets a bit old, it becomes crusty. So if you don’t clean your ass after you shat, the poop that remains on your butt remains there and becomes crusty, kind of like blood. The reason it’s itchy would be because of friction. When. You walk the crust moves as well, tickling your butt as you move. Source: avid pooper for 20 years
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Why is practically everything made in China?
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China has lower average wages, no unions, and much lower environmental standards so it's significantly cheaper to manufacture goods there.
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Why aren't Discover/American Express accepted every where cards are? Don't they all work in the same way?
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Every time a credit card is used, the business has to pay the credit card company for the convenience of the service. For the merchants, it's a complex matter; they ideally don't want to accept credit cards at all, but many customers wouldn't shop there because the customer's card isn't accepted. Each merchant has to decide which credit cards to accept, based on how much each company charges and how many customers they would potentially lose by *not* accepting a certain type of card.They charge the business more to accept payments in them. But they also give more benefits to the users so lots of people cary them
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Fuels? What does it take to create gasoline, diesel, kerosene, etc and how do they differ?
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Basically they all start from the oil we pump out of the ground.All of these things are inside that oil. We then heat the oil in a large tube that has many different levels. As the oil heats up all the different parts become a gas at different temperatures and they settle in the level where the temperature is cool enough for them to become a liquid again.Heres a picture _URL_0_they differ by the the amount of heat produced when they are burnt
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The top used Internet Browsers and how they're different.
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As you may know, internet pages are written with HTML and various other languages. A nice analogy is to consider a web page as a museum. Let me explain. The HTML is the architecture of the building itself. It's the building blocks of the page that tell you what things are and what they do. Using HTML, you give the browser data about what the page actually contains. CSS is the paintings, or galleries, or whatever makes the museum appealing. CSS makes web pages look good. Without CSS, most if not all modern websites would look absolutely horrible. Just like a museum would just be a big empty building without its exhibits. JavaScript is the museum curators. They let the guests experience the museum, and customize their experience. Similarly, all the interactive elements of websites are JavaScript. PHP is the workers of the museum. They keep everything going behind the scenes. PHP runs on the server and updates things like databases, just as a worker would change the museum . Now, how does this relate to browsers? Well, a web page is just a file full of code. It's the browser's job to display this to you, the end user. In the early days of the internet, there wasn't much to display. Especially before CSS, most pages looked the same no matter how they were displayed and fairly bland. However, now, there is new technology; CSS3 has nice gradients, for example, and HTML5 has video and audio elements . The browsers have to update in order to work with these new forms of old technology, and they don't all do it the same. Most browsers don't even support all of it, and there's a website which will tell you what browsers support what facets of HTML5 and CSS3. TL;DR: They all display pages differently and support different web technology.
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Why does marijuana make you paranoid?
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It has to do with the way THC interacts with your amygdala. Which is the part of your brain responsible for fear feelings.
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What is it that prevents Xbox games from being played on a PlayStation but yet allows people to play music CDs on either?
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Xbox and PlayStation are very different animals, just like a dog and a cat are very different animals. They have some similarities - 4 legs, 2 eyes, good pets - but internally they are different beasts. Their internal plumbing is different, even when you pull them apart and you notice strong similarities, you also notice they're not exactly alike. In Xbox vs PlayStation this is called the "hardware". Cats and dogs also speak a different language. Your cat won't bark and your dog won't meow, and I suspect a cat doesn't really understand most of what a dog is saying when it barks. Xbox games are written in Xbox language and PlayStation games are written in PlayStation language. PlayStation simply doesn't understand the language of the Xbox, and vice versa. In Xbox vs PlayStation this is called the "software". However you can train a pet to understand human words and perform tricks. Dogs are obviously much better than cats at being trained, but something simple like playing an Audio CD is an easy trick so both the Xbox and PlayStation have learned that one. That's a language they both understand. You can teach Xbox and PlayStation to understand other languages with "emulators". This allows them to understand the words of other animals like SNES and Commodore. However this needs a lot of brain power, and just like dogs and cats aren't very smart, neither are Xboxs and PlayStation, so they can only learn older languages.Games are a series of instructions for the device to follow. A Playstation can read the instructions from an Xbox disc just fine, but it doesn't understand them. A music CD just contains data. A program already on the console contains the instructions on how to interpret that data.
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Why do creators keep their upcoming projects/products secret until release?
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One of the aspects that you may not have considered is that a huge number of projects that people work on *never get released*. They turn out not to be as interesting as the creator hoped, or there's no enough of a budget, or there are creative differences with other people involved, etc. And it's not good practice to announce something that you're working on if it might never actually happen, so a lot of creators will wait until it's almost finished and the release is a sure thing.
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Why is it okay for Girls to Wear Guys' Clothes, but When Guys Wear Girls' Clothes, Its Weird?
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It's just a social thing. There's not really logic behind it - there was a time when women wearing men's clothes was just as odd as a man wearing woman's is today.there are practical reasons for women to wear pants which helped to move society toward accepting it.Girls wearing men's clothes is seen as taking a step up, so it's tolerated or even encouraged. Boys wearing women's clothes is seen as taking a step down, so it's punished. Sexism at work.In pre-European contact, Thai men wore skirts/saris while women wore pants. "King Chulalongkorn ascended the throne as king of Siam in 1868. King Chulalongkorn; himself educated by westerners, was intent on reforming the monarchy along western lines " He made the Thai people eat with forks and spoons m and made the men dress like women, and women dress like men, as they did in England. It's a matter of culture.Blah blah society blah blah gender roles blah. But mostly, women's clothes are way too uncomfortable and inconvenient for most men to wear. Not speaking from experience, of course .. Seriously though, Women's Fashion Designers, stop making your products pseudo-torture devices and *maybe* you'd find yourself a new market
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What causes the noises that come from the walls and ceiling in my house?
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Heat makes things expand, and cooling down makes them contract. So it is parts of your house rubbing against other parts and settling.. You are most likely to hear it at night when you are usually lying quietly in bed. Perhaps also since things fall back into position, giving a thump. Or you have pests or someone is squatting in your atticIm not very good with explanations, but it basically has to do with the house expanding and contracting when the temperature fluctuates. So the materials of the house seem to "pop" and "twist" making the noises you hear. When the temperature gets colder things shrink, during the heat of the day in direct sunlight they expand somenot entirely sure, but possibly a combination of dirt moving below the foundation, andwood expanding and contracting. or it could be a family member walking around, or a ghost', "Ghosts! Haha but in all seriousness this looks like a pretty good source of info for ya _URL_0_ P.S. sorry if this isn't good reddiquette I noob
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Why do companies release update products at least every year? even when they don't change much from last year'd models.
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Because people generally think newer things are better. So even if they *aren't*, you've got to release new things, or your competitors can get your market share by selling a new model.
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Monkeys reacting to Magic tricks, are they really understanding what is happening? Or does it only look that way?
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If they see ball "go inside" a palm and then disappear I bet they understand it well. But have them pick a card, memorize it, put it back into the deck and shuffle thoroughly and then find the same card inside their wallet and I bet they didn't understand what had happenedIs there any place where I can find a collection of these videos? I find them hilarious.
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What is the reason for tasting pennies when you become winded?
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It could be that the exertion results in some minor amount of blood leakage , say through tissues dried in your upper respiratory tract by the extra hard inhaling you're doing. Blood can result in a metallic taste because it contains iron. This can be similar to the taste you would perceive from a penny, even though the metals differ.Are you asking about physically putting pennies in your mouth, or just the taste in your mouth resembling the taste of a penny?
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if it was 1926...loan question
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When Pretty Boy Floyd use to rob banks one of the things he took was peoples mortgages so the banks would have no record of them.You have a legally binding agreement with the bank by virtue of making an agreement. All the paperwork is just evidence of that agreement. Between witness accounts and gov't records, it wouldn't be difficult to show you had a mortgage with the bank. A court would likely enforce this, but with the most plausibly favorable terms.Well-run banks would keep a duplicate of the most important records. But if all two or three copies were stolen -- or if no copies were made -- the information was indeed completely lost.At some point, mortgages and deeds were recorded in the county courthouses. What's in the computer now isn't what governs the property loans it's the information stored in public records.How would you get a free house if there was no paperwork to show who owned the house in question?
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Adverse possesion or, squatters rights.
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Depending on the jurisdiction, if you occupy land in an obvious and overt fashion for an extended period of time without being challenged by the owner, you BECOME the owner.
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Reformatting a Hard Drive?
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So, your hard drive stores data as a series of 1's and 0's. So, what does it mean to delete something? Well, you could just set all of the bits to 0. That would effectively delete it. But, as you noted, that would take a long time for the entire hard drive because you 'd have to touch every single bit on the disk and set it to 0. It turns out there's an easier way. At the beginning of the disk is a special file called the file allocation table. This is a list of all of the files on the disk and where they are located. So, you might have "resume.doc" and it starts at bit 8,547,980 and takes up 100,000 bits. That data is stored in the FAT. When Windows wants to find resume.doc it looks up where it is stored in the FAT and then goes to that location on the hard drive. If you wipe out the FAT then the location of all of your files goes missing. The table is now empty and every bit is considered available for use. The files are still technically there, but your computer doesn't know where to find them. If you're not too concerned about security this is a very fast way to delete all files on your hard drive.
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How are weather balloons deployed so that they do not pose a risk to commercial air traffic?
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There is a suggestion that the local air traffic controllers be notified of the intended launch of a high altitude balloon so its presence is known, but the more relevant regulations regard the content of the payload. There are limits on the total weight and density of the payload, as well as the separation force of the payload from the balloon. The intent of those regulations is that on the exceedingly low chance that such a balloon would be struck by an aircraft it wouldn't cause any significant damage. Remember that the sky is very large and there aren't really that many aircraft in flight. Hitting a weather balloon by accident is just an incredibly remote chance; far more likely is hitting a bird of which there are quite a few. If the payload is roughly the size and weight of a crow then a commercial jet engine would deal with it in much the same way it would the crow, namely going "Nom nom nom!" and not really caring.The balloons go much higher than aircraft. Still, there is a risk when the balloon is on its way up or down, even though it's a very small risk. Generally, a NOTAM is issued for the launch. Most weather balloons are launched on a regular schedule, though some high-risk days may necessitate additional launches.
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what are spectral lines and how do we use them to determine what light has passed?
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If you direct light through a prism, you can spread it out and look at all the different frequencies it's composed of. If you look very closely, you'll notice that certain frequencies are missing . That means that somewhere between when this light was emitted, and when you looked at it, that particular frequency was absorbed by something. Every material has a unique absorption spectrum, so you can tell what kind of materials the light has passed through.
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How do fish survive long periods of time out of the water without suffocating?
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Fish die on land not because they cannot get oxygen out of air, but because their gills are designed to work in water. This means that they dry out relatively quickly and when that happens their gills start to tear and bleed and stop working. At this point they stop being able to breath and suffocate. There are also many fish species that have protective mucus that prolongs how long they cans stay out of water, and some that even have primitive lungs that can last a very long time.
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Why is glass clear?
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First let's look at a simplified view on what makes something to appear to have colour. Visible light hits some object, one of two things can happen : the light gets absorbed or it passes without being hassled. Why would light of certain wavelengths be absorbed? Electrons in the atoms have certain energy levels, and absorption of light will excite these electrons onto higher energy levels. This could only happen if the energy of light happen to match the energy transition of the material . If no such match is present, the light will pass through this material. If you want to go one level deeper, you'd ask - what determines these energy levels? It lies in the very nature of the chemical bonds that hold the atoms together, and that is highly dependent on the chemistry behind the materials . So the short answer is that glass doesn't have the right energy transitions to absorb visible light. It does, however, have the right energy transition to absorb certain wavelengths of UV light.
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Should i put wet hand-washed dishes straight to the cupboard without drying them?
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your question should probably be flaired as biology. If you stack wet plates, the moisture will never get a chance to dry out. In the ideal world, your clean plates have no bacteria, food residue or stuff in the water. But in the real world, your plates will still have small bits of food residue, maybe some soap residue, and stuff in the water you used to rinse the dishes. So that plus the water from the wet dishes provides an ideal habitat for bacteria, mold and fungus to grow. By allowing the dishes to dry first, bacteria and mold can't grow as easily.
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Why do police officers not always wear kevlar as an occupational precaution?
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> Seems like there would be no downside Spoken like someone who's never worn kevlar. Vests suck. They are uncomfortable, stiff, and sweaty. While most departments require them for patrol officers, officers who can get away with not wearing them sometimes don't. Simply because they judge the inconvenience of the vest to be not worth it. In many positions the likelihood of ever being shot at is as near to zero as it can be.
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How is ambient music in video games being looped seamlessly?
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it's designed to do so. the end fades into the beginning, either directly, or with a small bit of silence
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why are some very cheap items on Amazon are priced as thousands of pounds?
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There is no way of knowing for sure, especially with specific instances, but the culprit is probably an errant or misconfigured bot. [For example] competing bots once drove the price of some book up to 23.6 million dollars.
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Why are oats "Steel Cut" Why not aluminum or titanium cut? Or hand cut?
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"Steel-cut" is more about result than the process. When you cut oats with steel blades rather than crushing them , you're separating them into specific sharp-edged chunks rather than smashing them into flour. The result is a different texture that takes longer to cook, and when cooked has a different consistency. It's more chewy and less porridgey, and so goes great in muffins and other baked goods. As to why "steel" rather than other metals or processes, steel is the most economical and efficient blade to do it with. And it SOUNDS cool too. :)
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Why does Facebook keep thinking I know strangers from countries I have never been to and have 0 friends in common?
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This happens to me too so I would like to know. I 've definitely had people from other countries and fake people from the US friend me and we had "mutual friends." I think what happened is a fake profile friends one person and then just friends everyone in that person's network because you're more likely to accept a friend request if you have a mutual friend. This is speculation, but when I get suggested friends from odd looking profiles and we have 0 friends in common, I assume that person attempted to friend one or more of my friends. Since they added my friends, Facebook thinks they might know me too. However, since it's a fake profile my friends don't accept the request so Facebook reports 0 friends in common. In other words, Facebook thinks we know each other based on the stranger's friend requests, not actual friend acceptances. The reason they want to friend you is so they have access to your information and can store/sell it. And probably other reasons I don't know about that require friend permissions with your account.
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Are colas as bad for your teeth as people say?
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Yes, sodas really are that bad. Not just the sugar, but the highly acidic environment it creates in the mouth.
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how can those car re-map boxes improve both power AND fuel efficiency at the same time?
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Increasing the pressure in the cylinders will lead to a general increase in fuel efficiency. The theoretical fuel efficiency is 1-1/e^ k is ~ 1.4 for air, and e is the compression ratio. So the higher the pressure the better the efficiency. More pressure means more power as well. So theoreticall it is possible. The problem is that increased pressure means increased stress for the parts. This means an increased pressure will affect the engine life.
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The difference between fur and hair.
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Plenty of animals have hair rather than fur - dogs and horses come to mind right away. Hair is thicker, individual fibers, provides little insulation - but usually some water protection, and while not part of the definition, can be easily combed, cut, and groomed. Fur is far more dense and finer. It provides great heat and water insulation - and pretty much cannot be combed or groomed.
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why is it now code to install outlets upside down?
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If a conductive object falls accidentally across the main two prongs of a "right side up" plug that isn't completely flush against the outlet, it will close the circuit. If it's your finger you get shocked. If it's metal there could be a spark. If there's a spark there could be a fire. Building codes are designed to prevent things like accidental fires. By installing the outlet "upside-down", you put the ground prong on top of any plug that has one. The ground prong can't create a spark all by itself, so it's safer to touch accidentally.I don't think they have to be that way, but it's not required by or against code. I have seen it done in a way that was handy, where electricians flip them if they're tied to a wall switch. It becomes an easy visual cue that the outlet is associated with a switch rather than live all the time.
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Why are click-bait, buzzfeedy titles so effective?
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Much the same as any other marketing. Clever people study what works, and hone it until it works better. In a way it's like evolution - click-bait sites that don't have the knack of attracting visitors die out, those that succeed - grow.Just read my article called "9 reasons click-bait works. #3 will Shock you!" Edit: You know you want to
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Why am I able to set the date on my phone back to 1970?
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Linux kernels [count dates from 1 January 1970.]Android is running a Linux kernel_URL_1_ Essentially, your phone counts "time" as "how many seconds since 1-1-1970". Going before 1970 would mean negative numbers, which would confuse the systemComputers nowadays use a system called Unix Time, which describes the current time as the number of seconds that passed since midnight of January 1st, 1970. _URL_2_
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Why is it that a part of your body getting hurt enough (like getting kicked in the shin) will sometimes give you a taste of blood in your mouth?
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I've never heard of this phenomenon but perhaps you're hurt so bad without realizing it you're biting your lip or inner cheeks or what have you and draw blood?
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How did the jews seem to recover so well from the Holocaust while blacks didnt recover from slavery?
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The Holocaust was an event exclusive to Europe, instituted by a single regime and their subordinate regimes. When the Nazis fell, the Holocaust ended. The oppression of black people in the United States was the result of hundreds of years of systemic hatred and discrimination from others. Stopping slavery wouldn't suddenly change the attitudes about black people from racists any more than stopping the Holocaust suddenly made Nazis stop being anti-Semites. The difference was we did a good job of rounding up all the Nazis and killing them, or sending them into hiding. Slavery was a symptom of racism, not the cause. Of course, Jews were also the victim of oppression from various countries from time to time.
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If new stars are born from the remnants of old stars, are the stars gradually getting smaller?
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It's not that gradual. Pop III stars were 1000 times bigger than the stars we call "main sequence". Without heavy elements in the dust clouds around them their cooling was less efficient. NASA has a satellite called WMAP that's looking for data to try and understand these processes betterNo, but it does mean they have [measurably different compositions] compared to earlier generations.
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Why do radio stations always give away money, and where does this money come from?
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You know those annoying ads for hair removal that they play every six minutes? The hair removal company pays the radio station for that. This is where the money comes from. Oh, and the hair removal companies get it from people who think their body hair must be removed at great expense. Edit: and the people think their body hair must be removed at great expense because they heard it on the radio.
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Why do damaged joints hurt whenever it rains?
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I believe it is because of the pressure change that occurs when the weather changes, but I'm not an expert by any means!
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I saw a post earlier on r/gifs of a multi-car pile up on a snowy highway. Does insurance cover damage like this, and how would they determine whose insurance to use/whose more at fault?
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Yes insurance does cover stuff like that, and it's usually a huge mess. Generally you pay the guy you hit, the guy who hits you pays you, and so on and so on. It turns into a pile of insurance companies trying to hash out with each other who owes what after all the claims are paid.
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What permits do you have to get to drive a police car or dress as a police officer for a 'prank' video?
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_URL_0_ > Dressing up as a police officer in costume, or pretending to be a police officer for the purpose of play or a harmless prank toward an acquaintance is generally not considered a crime, provided that those involved recognize the imposter is not a real police officer, and the imposter is not trying to deceive those involved into thinking he/she is. Edit: As far as doing something like in that video then I'm fairly certain you would have to get into contact with that localities PD, so they know a film shoot is going on. That prank is not really cheap though unless you know some cops personally. Funny stuff though.
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Why does TV make a crackling sound while turned off?
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I would guess thermal expansion for the led tv. It takes a while for things to cool down. Also add in the fact it is usually cooler at night. As it cools, the plastic will shift a littleThey had a lot of static buildup on those old screens. Maybe that. Ever run your fingers across then right after they went out? The static would crackle, and the screen would glow where you just touched it', "There's no reason for an LED TV to make crackling noises due to electricity. Sorry that I can't help you more. Old CRTs made noise because they have a very high voltage on the inside of the CRT, not on the faceplate or the neck, but on the wall in between. The inside and outside have a conductive paint, forming a capacitor. When this capacitor charges and discharges, little sparks form between dust particles. That's what you hear from a CRT.
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Why do my ears start ringing at random times and then slowly stop again?
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Sounds like you might have _URL_0_ > Tinnitus is the hearing of sound when no external sound is present. While often described as a ringing, it may also sound like a clicking, hiss or roaring. Rarely, unclear voices or music are heard. The sound may be soft or loud, low pitched or high pitched and appear to be coming from one ear or both. Most of the time, it comes on gradually.
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When did time start being recorded? Why does it start with Jesus' birth day?
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It doesn't. There are, and have been, many different calendars. Many are older than the calendar which starts at year 1 with the birth of Jesus. Human civilisations that had calendars date back thousands of years before the birth of Jesus. There are calendars in use in today's world that don't use that event.
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Why do the LHC need to be so big? Would we get better "results" if it were the size of Australia?
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As well as accelerating the beam up to really high speeds, it needs to bend the beam around into a circle. The tighter the circle, the more energy it takes to steer the beam. A bigger circle lets us control a more powerful beam with the available magnets, and produce higher-energy collisions than if we had a smaller circle and the same magnets. So yes, a collider the size of Australia could be more powerful than the LHCLHC is built for smashing atoms or molecules at the speed of light. intially it takes a lot of room to accelerate anything at that speed. they managed to actually save a room by making it speed up in a spiralling manor.
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Why do websites have to be taken down for maintenance?
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Well, It can be a lot of things, but here are a few I know off . 1. It could be a major redesign of the website, and if you just "push the next code in" you will be putting code on your server that depends on other things, which might not have been submitted yet and you don't want that. 2. It could be a hardware problem/maintenance, most popular server nowadays have backup server for this but they might both have the same issue this will cause your server to be down until it's fixed. 3. Creating backups of data. If you have a website that runs/uses certain data like a game-website and you want to back it up . You might have to temporarily shut down your system in order to do a backup, because you don't want people to access/change the data you're using to create a backup. Of course all 3 of these problems can be prevented if you take enough measures, or at least the chances of them taking down your service will.
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How are Chinese companies on eBay/Amazon able to sell cables and such for 1.50 shipped to the USA?
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ManiacalShen may be on to something, but it's not all a marketing gimmick by any means. It is actually quite logical, if only you have all the pieces that is. First of all, as you pointed out, the quality of the cables are usually "garbage" - it doesn't cost much to make crappy products. Secondly, the exchange rate between the USD to Yuan works out to about 1 USD = 6.13 Yuan. The average technology and computer industry worker makes an average of $550 a month - very low wages make for inexpensive products. Another factor is shipping. Not only is it extremely cheap to manufacture products in China, but it is also very inexpensive to ship products from China - The Chinese government subsidizes shipping, and the USPS has lowered the rate themselves. That's why most consumer goods are, for the most part, manufactured there. Furthermore, eBay and USPS have an ePacket agreement with China Post that offers the country bulk shipping rates.
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Are dogs aware of differences in their breeds?
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I don't think they do. It's kind of like if we lived in a non judgemental non racist world. Dogs don't care if one is overweight or a purebred. They will try to play, sniff, and lick them either way. On a small note, I believe they do act differently around dogs that are older. Every time I see an old dog walk around or if they are in a dog park around playful dogs, the playful dogs seem to chill out and relax around old dogs, I guess knowing they won't play. I've seen it countless times. Funny how it's the same with humans if you think about it. :)", 'I have seen a dachshund mount a german shep. Your guess is as good as mine.
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What happens anatomically when a voice changes during puberty?
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The vocal folds grow and thicken due to the presence of androgens. For most males, there are more androgens present which causes the vocal tone to deepen. Females typically do not have as many androgens present thus, only have a slight alteration in vocal tone.
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Why is putting your hands up and showing your palms the universal sign of "I surrender", and why is it instinctual?
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It shows empty hands; no weapons, no tricks. I'm vulnerable and harmless, don't hurt me. Military salutes, handshakes, etc. all supposedly originate from the same concept.You raise your hands to make it clear that they are empty, and it also leaves your body unprotected as a sign of submission. It cannot be construed as a threat. I imagine it feels instinctive because it would have been a useful gesture 2 million years ago. It has probably been around for even longer than the high-fiveBecause you tend to hold stabby or shooty things in your handsIt is an instinct left behind from evolution. Monkeys do it as well. _URL_0_ This has some interesting info about other instincts we retainHowever, why is it instinctual? Probably not necessarily instinctual, but society Probably trains us to do so
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After the initial sleepiness feeling, why do we suddenly feel more alert after a few hours pass your normal sleeping time before you suddenly feel lethargic and sleepy again?
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A certain sleep writer suggests it's because there is a metabolitic release timed to coincide with the early part of sleep intended to for the heavy lifting your lymphatic and endocrine systems will do in the early part of sleep. Apparently this is the "second wind" we feel at approximately 10pm, and being asleep at this point results in higher quality sleep. This is the only thing I 've come up with on the topic so far. It seams reasonable that one's body would benefit from a release of energy for homonal/repair/immune function that does happen during sleep; however, I traced the reference chain back finally back to an Ayurvedic medicine writer, and haven't found any peer-reviewed empirical research on the topic , so I think the jury is still out on this one.
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What percentage of my money goes to the Japanese economy when buying a Japanese brand car in America?
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So, there's a couple of parts to this: **1) Wages:** there's people working for the Japanese car firm in America, and people working for the Japanese car firm in Japan. The Americans' wages go to the American economy. The Japanese's wages go to the Japanese economy. **2) Operating costs:** The overhead for the factories such as electricity, buildings, water, heat, etc. is all outflow to other companies--those companies benefit the economies where they are located. Let's include the cost of externally-sourced raw materials in this one: e.g. buy some steel from China?--benefit to the Chinese economy. **3): Profit:** Although these Japanese car companies are located in Japan, they're not *owned* by all Japanese people. They're large, public, global Fortune 500 companies. People, other corporations, schools, pension funds, hedge funds, et al. own varying stakes in such a firm. If a public Japanese firm is making profits and is either paying them out in dividends or reinvesting and increasing the market cap of the company, whomever owns shares, is getting money.
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The meaning behind the popular philosophical phrase, "I think, therefore I am."
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You are thinking. If you did not exist in some manner or fashion, you could not think. Therefore, regardless of the truth or falseness of your sensory input, the action of thinking necessarily proves that *you* specifically, *exist* as a thinking beingIt means that because of the fact that you can think about and doubt your existence, you must exist . From what I remember, it means that because we have the ability to think and doubt, we must exist - even if we don't exist, the fact that we can doubt and think means that we must exist on at least some plane of existence. If you google "Cogito Ergo Sum" the wiki page is more informative than I could ever hope to be.It's Descartes's proof that we must exist, because: Something that cannot doubt its existence, cannot exist. In other words, the fact that we can question whether we are real, or in a simulation, must prove that we are, in fact, real.
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Bigger muscles v. Stronger muscles
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There are three types of muscle fibers in humans. 1. Fast Glycolytic: These are built up in weight lifting. They are fast and strong, but they get tired very fast. 2. Fast Oxidative: These are fast and strong, but not as fast and strong as the glycolytic muscles. They are built up in endurance events such as long distance running. 3. Slow Oxidative: These are not very strong or fast muscles, but they don't get tired for a very long time. They are used in postural muscles Muscle cells cannot divide and reproduce in humans. They can only increase in size. More reps and less weight might develop more fast oxidative fibers, and more weight and less reps might develop more fast glycolytic fibers, but for the most part strength and size go hand in hand.
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Why don't gas pumps take cash?
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I've seen a few gas stations that do have a cash-accepting machine. It's for models where the individual pumps don't accept money, you have to go to a central automated kiosk to pay. That being said, there's very little incentive for gas stations to want to make the pumps accept cash. Not only would that require someone to go and empty the cash from the pumps on a regular basis, which is just asking for someone to rob them, but you are still going to need a person working the store, so you don't save money on staffing. Likewise, you want people to go into the store to pay, so they'll be more likely to also buy an overpriced drink or snack while they're there. And also, the expense of having pumps installed which also take money would be a factor. Especially since gasoline is one of those necessities that they know people will buy no matter how inconvenient it may seem.
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How can some refugees travel without a passport? (or defectors)
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When you show up at customs state you're intention to seek refuge. What country you showed up in decides what happens next. They may deport you, or they may accept you temporarily to review your case.If there in active danger they usually are giving a pass. But they have to prove they are in active danger.
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what the brick on a power cord is / does.
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its converts the 120v AC current to DC at the voltage that your delicate electronics crave.There are a few reasons. Some devices need less power than the wall provides, but they will pull all the power they possibly can, even if it burns them out. So you need a device between them to reduce the power. Some convert from AC to DC. The power sent to your house comes in AC. Imagine a pipe of water blocked off at both ends. The water is pushed back and forth. This is AC The brick turns it into DC . Imagine your electronics as a loop of water pipe. The energy from the AC is used to pump the DC loop of your computer or device. I could get into why some devices can use AC and why some need DC, but that's a different ELIF. EDIT: Spelling
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Why isn't chewing tobacco a big thing in countries like USA, England and ?
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If you're talking about nicotine gum, it can have help benefits if it helps a smoker quit. If you talk about chewing tobbaco, it destroys your teeth and is linked to mouth / tongue cancer. As to why it isn't popular ? It's less addictive than a cigarette , it isn't glorified by movies, it wasn't advertised in one word, it's less profitable for big tobbacco companies.
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Why Are Farm Subsidies Necessary?
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The original intent was to smooth out supply, since agriculture is so important to society. Farming is a business where one bad year, or a string of bad years, could put you out of business. Also, a business where the end price of the product you produce could vary wildly. So farming is hard! But it's essential, since everyone relies on farms for food. So Farm Subsidies originally acted as a method to smooth out prices for farmers and give them stability, since them having a stable business also meant that market prices were also more stable. But over time, subsidies may have lost their original intent.
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If the Earth stopped spinning, would we feel it?
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Only if you count us and everything that's not superbly secured underground flung into the cold depths of space "feeling it"It depends how quickly it stopped spinning, and where you are on Earth. Imagine moving quickly in a car. Your body moves with the car, and if you're not accelerating, then you don't feel any force. Now imagine the car stops suddenly. Your body will want to keep on moving, it has inertia. If you're wearing a seat belt, then it exerts a force on you to bring you to a stop along with the car. If you weren't, and it was open at the front, you would be flung through the air. Now imagine this on a huge scale. We all move with the earth as it rotates, but we don't usually "feel" it because the rate of rotation is constant. If it stopped, anything not incredibly firmly fixed to the ground would keep moving! Buildings, cars and people would all fly through the air very violently. This would be worst at the equators where angular velocity is greatest. At the poles, as you are spinning on a point, you would fare much better. If the Earth stopped spinning very slowly, we would not get this sudden jolt, just as if you slow down gradually in a car, you don't really notice it. Michael at Vsauce has a great video that explains it further, check it out! _URL_0_
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Why does it hurt to pee with an erection?
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Uh, it does? Last time I did it it wasn't uncomfortable. I always sit down in that case though, maybe that's why.Because the vascular system around the urethra is constrained and causes the flow out to be restricted, and thus potentially painful or burning. Basically the erection causes the same symptoms of urethral stricture which is caused by multiple issues including tumors and urinary tract infections.
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Why are some chicken mcnuggets shapped like boots, some like fish, and some are round?
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**Short**: Because McDonald's Inc thought that those shapes would make them look more "natural" than all being identical lumps. **Long**: Before the get nugget 'd, the chicken used in McNuggets first gets ground up, like beef is for hamburgers. They do this so the flavor and texture is consistent and so they can use cuts of chicken meat that aren't the prettiest, not everything that comes off the bird is a nice slab of breast meat. This meat then goes into molds to make the nugget shape, then gets fried. The issue though is that if the molds are *the same*, it makes the nuggets look fake to customers. When you get some nice chicken breasts from a butcher, they're never the exact same size because every bird's a little bit differently shaped. So in customer's minds, inconsistent shapes equal authenticity. So by having a few different possible nugget shapes, it makes it more visually appealing than being a bunch of identical balls.
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How are bombs (especially the atomic bomb during the Manhattan project) built safely without worrying about it going off?
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uranium and plutonium aren't like gunpowder. It's not like a stray spark would make them explode. They're arguably safer to work with than conventional explosives in most respects. Nuclear material will only actually explode under very specific conditions. Building a machine that actually was able to create the heat and pressure necessary was the whole second half of the manhattan project . The bigger worry was that the bombs wouldn't explode at all.
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How does a traffic light work and how complex its "computer" is?
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it depends, some of these have city/synchronization control, traffic measurement and traffic cameras but ill limit myself to a 'stand alone\' system So > how complex its "computer" is? I wrote a 4 way traffic light system including pedestrian crossing in the late 1980's on a simple microprocessor with less than a hundred lines of code How could it work? A simple timing program giving equal length of stop/go times with a variation in the sequence for a pedestrian pressing the crossing button. So at its simplest a microprocessor with less processing power than your digital watch plus a control board to interface with the various lights and sensors From there the complexity only goes up. Road sensors to detect the presence or approach of cars, extra left/right hand turns, algorithms to change the sequence for how heavy the traffic is etc etc', "When it comes to simple timed lights, even with pedestrian crosswalks, the older signal boxes had mechanical timers and relays. They're still in used, simply not phases out yet. I used to work at a place where there was a good lunch place across the street. While you're standing outside, next to the control box, you can hear the mechanism winding away and the clack of the relays. These systems got very sophisticated while remaining conceptually simple. They're not space or power efficient compared to a controller board the size of a note card, though. You can find YouTube videos of some of these mechanisms. They're fascinating.Varies and varies. A traffic light can be as simple as a timer. It could have a pressure plate in the lanes and switches when someone drives a car onto the plate. Many are a combination of the two.
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Where did the stereotype of black people liking fried chicken come from?
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It was a popular dish among slaves, partially because they weren't allowed to keep any animals other than chickens. For a lot of people, Fried Chicken, watermelon, and chitterlings were the best food they were even *able* to have, so it's only natural that they become fond of it. But since whites were used to far greater delicacies, the blacks\' love of fried chicken was seen in a prejudicial light. But in reality it is no different then saying "Japanese love sushi" - when you are raised up with the stuff on a cultural level, is it any wonder that you prefer it?
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What exactly makes different type of animal meat taste different than the other animals?
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I am an avid meat eater and in my humble opinion I would think that the difference in taste is related to how the muscle tissue is held together. I agree w Dawwy in that it has to do with fats and the such as well as diet but I think that way that the muscles develop that also affects the taste, such as veal. The muscles of that animal have developed in a way that creates the taste that is desired. Also, that is why you get what is referred to as a "gamey" taste to wild animals. Gamey, due to how the muscles developed in the wild, probably more to vigorous exercise required to ya know, live and survive.
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Why is necrophilia so much more taboo than murder?
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Victorian dogma about fear and revilement of death/respect for the dead that has lingered on. If we lived in a purely rational society, it would probably be possible to donate your body to necrophilia, because you are correct. Burying a dead body is throwing away a full set of valuable organs and tissues. It's a waste from a scientific and medical standpoint. And for a select few, a sexual one.Because there can be good reasons to kill someone, but there is no good reason to fuck a corpse.
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Why are clothes with reflector stripes really bright in the dark when in contact with weak light sources, while they just appear grey in daylight?
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The reflector stripes contain many small [Retroreflectors], which reflect light back in the direction of the light source. At night it reflects the light from the car headlight back to the car it came from, and looks bright to the person driving the carThe sun is legitimately that bright. Same principle as when you shine a flashlight in the day but you don’t actually see the light showing up on anything. But when you shine it at night it could be blindingly bright.
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Difference between Hinduism and Buddhism?
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Buddhism doesn't have any god. Just a way of living. Hinduism has million and millions of gods, every creek has their own god. How many gods do they have exactly? As many as there are stars.
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Why do most smartphones not have built-in FM receivers? (When they have many other technologies like WiFi, GPS, 4G, etc.)
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This is probably for a number of reasons. For one, people care less about FM radio than before. Second, device manufacturers might have a profit motive in selling audio content and other sources of media rather than FM radio. There are some unique complications with FM, though, compared to the other radio technologies in phones. It is on a fairly low frequency, so an effective antenna needs to be relatively large. It is also an analog technology that can be a little bit more complicated to design in than digital communications standards. It is very challenging to design many radios close to each other. Mobile phones already typically have, at the very least, a couple of bands of radio for the cellular technology; BlueTooth; and GPS. Many others add near-field communication and WiFi. As you add radios, the chances that some of the radios interfere with or hamper the performance of others increases. This is not insurmountable, but it's already very impressive the number of radios that are put into such a small footprint.
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What distinguishes good acting from phenomenal, award-winning acting?
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The illusion that no acting is taking place is always a good one.I would say it has to come down to believability and consistency. If an actor/actress can perform, convincingly, different characters in different situations, they are good. Some actors play the same role in every movie they're in, with minor variations; I wouldn't consider them necessarily good actors, even if they're in a lot of movies. To me, it's all about convincing me you're someone you're not.
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How does Coca-Cola have a secret formula when all the ingredients are in the nutrition facts?
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Its the ratios and the prep that you dont know. I could give you a list of ingredients for my World famous apple pie but if you dont know how much of each or when to use each then your screwedBecause the amounts of each ingredient are not in the nutrition facts. In addition to this, the flavoring ingredients are listed under "natural and artificial flavors", which doesn't tell you anything.The recipe is still secret, meaning that just knowing what's inside doesn't give you thecorrect amount you need to put in there to make Coke .
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Why are so many more people allergic to gluten or have celiac disease than in the past? Or if this is not the case, how did they live?
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I've not seen anything to suggest that more people have celiac disease than in the past. What we do have now are far more gluten-free options for people who do have the disease, and a lot of people who don't have the condition but who seem to think that gluten is inherently bad for them. In the past, someone with celiac disease would survive by, well, not eating things with gluten in them. It does restrict the diet, but not to the point that you can't survive.
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Why are there so many specific words for different groups of animals? Herd of cows, murder of crows. Business of ferrets, etc..
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I've searched tha seven seas fer an answer. Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [Why are there so many different words for groups of animals? Are there real differences in the way a < insert fancy name > behaves vs how < insert other fancy name > does? ] ^1. [ELI5: Why do different groups of animals have specific names is this scientifically useful? ] ^1. [Why do we have different names for different groups of animals? Flock of geese, herd of cows etc. ] ^1. [Why are there so many different names for animals in groups? Like packs, herds, prides, murders, etc ] ^1. [ELI5: Why are there so many different words for groups of animals? ] ^1. [ELI5:what is the difference between the names for groups of animals? ] ^", 'It probably started with hunting, when it was useful to distinguish between a *pack* of animals that hunted and a *herd* of animals that were being hunted; or between a *flock* of geese walking on the ground and a *skein* of geese in flight. In 1486, a book was printed called *The Book of Saint Albans* which, among other things, listed dozens and dozens of these collective nouns, and that seems to be where we get them from. But at least some of these words appear to have been jokes: "a subtlety of sergeants", for example, or "a superfluity of nuns". It may be that this list was, at least in part, supposed to be a parody. Some of our collective nouns are quite descriptive, such as "a squabble of seagulls" or "a chattering of starlings". The phrase "a murder of crows", by the way, refers to an old myth: it was once believed that if a crow misbehaved, the other crows would put it on trial. If the defendent was found guilty, it would be put to death.
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Why does ice expand instead of contracting?
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I think scientists are still trying to figure out exactly why this happens exclusively with water, but in a liquid state, water molecules are allowed to freely flow around each other. When they freeze, though, they form a crystal structure which, by the nature of its shape, takes up more room. In other substances that don't form crystal structures, like metals, they're at a lower kinetic energy state in the solid form, meaning the atoms can get closer without influencing each other. As they're heated, though, they come into contact more and more, they have to get farther away from each other, and thermal expansion happens.
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Why does cracking your joints get easier if you do it a lot?
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My mom used to be a medical researcher. From what she explained to me, the most negative side effect is that when you pop any joint, you overextend the connective tissue surrounding the joint. Which I guess would eventually make it easier to pop your joints the more you do it. This overextension wouldn't cause to many problems until decades later, from what she told me. Personally, I more than likely have Marfan Syndrome, so my connective tissue is fucked anyway. But, I can flex my thighs and crack my pelvis so I've got that going for me.
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Why do our voices get higher pitch when something exciting happens?
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Increased airflow, and tightening of the vocal cords themselves. Excitement can be related to many things, but speaking biologically it implies that extra physical capability could be useful - adrenaline, deeper breaths , and tightening of muscles to prepare to spring.
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The Chinese Governments side of the situation in Tibet.
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While I would debate your initial premise as a little shaky, i'll try to answer anyway. Governments must often make decisions which they see as the lesser of two evils. The Chinese justification consists mainly of the idea that Tibet is a part of China and should remain such, but I think think if you dug a little deeper, you would find the view that the possible political ramifications of Tibet breaking away could be more serious than the consequences of preventing it's independence. It's important, though, to consider that different cultures have fundamentally different values to each other. China and Chinese history is quite alien to us in the west. Remember this is a country in which *20 million people died in a famine* in which food was being exported out of the country to buy manufacturing equipment. The communist government was certainly willing to put up with deaths in order to achieve it's goals. The first thing to think about is that China had been deeply unstable for some time when the Communist government came to power and they wanted to change that. They also needed to appear tough to the outside world. The west of China has several other regions which might have sought to break away had Tibet been allowed to. I think these are the crux of the issue - politics necessitated a tough line be taken.
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How is fetanyl becoming so widely available?
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> Where's it coming from? The largest suppliers appear to be in China, shipping both the tools of production and the raw fentanyl to the US and Mexican cartels.
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Why does our vision flash black when we get hit in the head?
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When the head gets hit hard, the brain goes into a lapse of shock and trauma. The brain cannot send signals properly at that moment in time and things sort of stop The location of vision is in the back of the brain, but it has a "straight" connection to the eyes . In order to send a signal, the eyes must send it down the long pathway, which only takes milliseconds. However, when we get hit, the brain stops the signals or gets confused as to where to send the signals that the occipital lobe does not get enough signals to understand what it is seeing. Thus the black we see are just lack of signal to the occipital lobe. Of course there are chemical changes too, but I am not familiar with them. There is probably a more exact that would better fit, but this is all that I can recall at the moment.
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How are data stored/burned into DVDs/CDs, and also how are the information read?
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Lasers! Information is read from optical media discs with a laser. The disk reflects the laser or not and that is a 1 or a zero for that particular point. Writeable optical media allow you to use lasers to manipulate the disc in such a way as to burn into them wether a certain spot reflects the laser or not.
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why are a lot of cooked dishes like salmon or meat high on protein if most of the proteins denature at ~40 degree Celsius?
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Proteins denature at high temperatures which means their shape changes to the point where they can no longer do their purpose but they still exist as molecules which can be used for nutrition
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how do serrated blades work? What about the serration makes them better than flat edge blades?
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The reason a knife is good at all at cutting something is down to pressure. The narrower and sharper an edge, the more pressure it puts on whatever is being cut. The blunter it is, the wider an area the force you're applying is spread so the less pressure there is at the point of the cut. A serrated edge lifts the main body of the knife up so it's resting on even narrower points, which increases the pressure even further, but has the added advantage that the cutting is being done on multiple points rather than one big point. So if you're cutting something soft, like say bread, it won't crush it down too much while cutting. That's why [bread knives] are shaped like they are.
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- Why does extended exposure to water dry your hands rather than moisturize it?
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Osmosis is the diffusion of water. When you overflow your hands or any body parts or almost any tissue/organism with water, the net flow of water will be wherever there is a higher concentration of solute. When you put water on your hands, it flows in because there is more solute like salt in your blood and inside than out. This is why you soak lettuce and vegetables in water before serving to make them crisp, and in the same fashion, if you soak vegetables in a bucket of salt water, they will wiltYou have naturally moisturizing oils on your hands. Water removes them, and evaporates off your hands, leaving them dryer than before, although this is more likely with frequent washings with soap.
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Why do websites need to ask for your city, country, and state, when they can figure it all out through your zipcode?
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That pretty much is a thing of "laziness" : Its much cheaper to put multiple inputs there instead of maintaining a catalogue of all zips mapping to the required information. EDIT: Source: I work in software development', "There are edge cases where they actually *can't* figure out all of those things from your zip code. Zip codes were created to aid in postal delivery, and because postal service is provided by the federal government, delivery regions don't necessarily have to follow state borders. This is rare, but it happens. For example, 97635 overlaps with both California and Oregon. More commonly, several small towns may all share a zip code with each other or with a larger city/town if their mail is delivered from the same post office. Zip codes are also used to route mail to members of the military, and in those cases there may be no correspondence at all between the zip code and a fixed physical location. For example, the service member may be stationed on a ship that's at sea. The military will know where to route mail sent to such addresses, but if you needed someone's location for any purpose other than sending APO/FPO mail, the zip code doesn't tell you anything useful. ", 'You have to have the fields for non-US addresses anyway. They could autofill for US addresses if you asked for the ZIP first, but most people are so conditioned to provide the ZIP last that if you ask for it first they sometimes get confused and abandon the registrationIn some countries, like Germany, one zip code can belong to multiple localities. Also, there is not a global zip code system that allows you to infer country, state and city from a zip code.
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Is Erdogan really that powerful as he is presented in western media? If so, how did he become it?
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He's hardly represented in western media in the US. He is an extremist, rather than centrist, politician. While that seems fashionable today, political fashions vary year by year. When warm and fuzzy collaborative politicians become fashionable in a few years, he's going to look like a throwback to the region's dictatorial past. He's trending today, but that sort of thing goes stale. It's not commonly associated with "powerful".I'm an American and I've never heard of him. That should say something about his appearance in the media
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Why can't I "unbake" a cake?
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There are differences between certain actions . For instance with a cake, you might mix egg and flour, and whatever other ingredients, together. This is what's called a *physical* reaction - one that can be reversed. It would be a pain in the arse to reverse it, but technically it's still possible. Now, you put your cake mixture into your cake tin and pop it in the oven. You are introducing heat here, and that makes it a *chemical* reaction, one that can't be reversed. Another analogy which might make more sense to you would be destroying paper. How might you destroy a sensitive document? You could shred it. However, the components that make up the page are still intact and could be put back together . That's your physical reaction. You could also burn it, which turns it into ash. This is your chemical reaction, as it's impossible to turn ash back into the document you had before.You can. Put it back in the oven, set it to the negative of whatever temp you baked it at, such as -325 degrees, and leave it in for the same amount of time you baked it for. It has to be exact! If you unbake it too much the flour may turn into wheat and the eggs will turn into a chicken. Don't ask me how.
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Why are mammals (seemingly) so much more intelligent than other animals?
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I think your premise is wrong. There are families of birds -- mostly the parrots and corvids - that display higher or even much higher intelligence than a large number of mammals. In fact, there are fish and even mollusks who outshine a number of orders of mammals. Intelligence shows up in some degree among all of the animal groups that have cephalic development ; from mollusks to fish, to reptiles , to amphibians, to birds, to mammals. There are even some arthropods that exhibit high degrees of being able to discriminate between individual humans and can solve puzzles quite well . Intelligence is not a "goal," so to speak, of evolution and there is no guarantee that the resources used - or demanded - to generate a species with higher intelligence will assure a greater ability for the species to survive. Besides humans, think of the most successful organisms on the planet; that inhabit the greatest number of habitats and niches, that produce the greatest number of successful offspring, etc. Think bacteria. How much did a lack of intelligence hinder them at being successful? Again, intelligence is not an "end" to achieve and mammals didn't get all the "smarts" in nature.
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Are content updates in videogames a bad business strategy?
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A game developer doesn't release a single game in a vacuum. Its competing against other game developers, and it most likely intends to release more than one game. So it could publish and then leave it and never touch it again, but if his competition then proceeds to publish a game, and delivers a steady stream of content updates, that other dev will get a better reputation. Also, content updates are far cheaper than an entire new game. If you can get 10% more sales with a big content update, that could financially be worth it. Even if you are selling 50% of compared to the day of release price.> Because they have just earned the money and they are working for free Not really. If you are still playing the game. Which means that someone may see you playing the game that does not currently play and may decide to pick it up.Well, considering that Minecraft is one of the best selling games of all time and is still selling thousands of copies daily despite having launched years ago, I'd say it's been a pretty good strategy for them. It really depends on the game and what kind of community has developed around it. Valve has done significant content updates to a number of their games, and they've said that they often saw very significant spikes in new sales of those games when those updates were released. Most games see the vast majority of their sales shortly after they're launched, but if a content update can give an older game a nice bump, then it certainly can pay off. It can be especially effective for multiplayer games, because free content updates can keep players within a game longer, or even bring old players back into the game, and a bigger player base generally makes a multiplayer game more attractive to new buyers. Anyways, if it didn't work, then companies wouldn't still be doing it, so obviously they feel like it's working out for them.
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Why do companies care about the price of their stocks?
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A share of stock is literally a small piece of the company. If the stock value is high, the company is worth a lot of money, meaning the company has leverage to buy things, build offices, take over other companies, and borrow money. Also, executives typically own a lot of stock, so it makes them richer.
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the little pi thing on the bottom of every page on reddit
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This has been asked before but it is hard to search for. Reddit as a whole has a lot of people visiting the website at any given time. That many people would be too much for just one computer, so there's a special computer that moves each visitor to another computer so each individual computer gets less work. There are also different versions of reddit, when the developers add features or fix bugs. These are all supposed to go on all the computers taking requests but one might be missed . The little mouseover tells you want computer is running the webpage you're looking at, and what version of reddit is running, and some other information, so if something goes wrong, there's an easy way to see what computer is messing up.
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How does data corruption work
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Computers are incredibly fast and incredibly stupid. They expect their data to be highly ordered. If that order is changed for any reason , the computer can no longer make sense of the data. Here's a very simple example. One fundamental data type for computers is the character array, commonly called a "string". Each byte in a string contains one character, so the string "Hello" should contain 5 bytes, right? Well actually, it contains 6. The 6th byte is all zeros. The computer uses this to know when the string is done. Basically, it starts at the "H" and it keeps reading until it hits *00000000*. If, for whatever reason, the zero byte is changed, the data becomes corrupted. The computer no longer knows when to stop reading and it will continue reading until it hits a null byte. More importantly, any data in those bytes will be interpreted *as if it were text.* Because the computer is reading these bytes under the assumption that it's looking for a character string. The example I just gave happens in memory , but the fundamental principle holds true for disk data as well. If a bit on the disk is changed, it's possible for the computer to behave in a way that was not intendedData corruption can basically mean anything where data get corrupted ;) IMO Data Corruption could be caused by Software Issues , Hardware issues like a broken HDD or a Flash drive with destroyed segments, or even something stupid like unplugging your pc during saving something.
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