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What's happening in North Korean government following the death of their leader, and how this impacts on South Korea + other affected countries.
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Short Answer: Nothing. The transition seems to have gone smoothly. North Korea is still just a dictatorial, backwards, and dear leader worshiping as everThis has been asked several times, with some very good answers. Please search the subreddit before posting.
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How can goats climb near-vertical walls without falling?
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Their hooves have rubbery bottoms that help stick and the two halves can move somewhat independently that allow them to grip onto sheer surfaces. Source: [What If You Had Animal Feet!?]
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What makes that distinct smell when you heat up an old toaster?
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Crumbs wouldn't smell different after a few weeks. It's dust on the heating coils. Same smell you get when you first turn on central heating for the winter.
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What will happen on first contact? Who is in charge? Etc.
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I am not sure who is in charge, or what the response will be, however lots of people have developed Post-detection Policies . A post detection policy is a set of guidelines and rules put together that give us information on how to react if we meet extraterrestrial life. At the moment, I am not sure which PDP is the go-to response. I think that is determined by who makes first contact. However, I believe that SETI have a popular one. [You can see it by clicking here!]
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The Apocrypha and why it's not part of the current bible.
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There are many criteria used in determining what was to be considered "cannon" or not. It is a large topic which really is better studied in a Christian theology course, however, some of those criteria are along the lines of: 1. No certain quotes are made from them by Jesus or any of the apostles.2. Not accepted by the Jewish scholars3. Contains a number of teachings which are in direct contradiction to what scripture teachesFor a long time, there was no single Christian bible like we have today. There were some attempts starting in the 3rd century to consolidate it and by 5th century, it more or less took its current form. The apocryphal books either contradicted established Nicene orthodoxy or were obscure/unknown to the broader Christian community.
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how carcinogens effect the body to increase the risk of cancer.
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There are three types of carcinogens; biological, physical and chemical. All of them can increase the risk of cancer in a couple of different ways. One is directly damaging DNA , which causes mutations leading to tumours, these are called genotoxins. The other is making the cells divide at an increased rate, which increases the chance of natural genetic mutations occurring, these are called nongenotoxins.
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What is the purpose of the propeller on current hologram projectors?
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> Wouldn't make more sense to have a screen, grid, or lens for the holographic object to project from? In no case does an image "project from" the device. A spinning arm tries to fulfill the goal of having an image in an area where there doesn't appear to be a screen. When the arm is in an area it flashes some light, and after it moves out of the way it allows the viewer to see what is behind it. The result is that you can see an image seemingly floating in thin air because most of the time the arm isn't in any given location, but while it is the light it outputs is very bright. Our eyes tend to blend the flickering light into the perception of it being solid and steady. Technically speaking this display is not a hologram because it lacks the aspect of a third dimension. It is no different from a flat screen that is transparent.Can you show us an example of such a gizmo? I've seen lots of so -called hologram setups but I'm not familiar with one that spins.
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Why does a bigger budget mean better CGI movie effects? Isn't it all made with software?
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Its made by people who know how to use the software. CGI is not easy. You need talented artists who know how to use 3D modeling software. Better artists cost more, but are able to make better visualsIt is, but making it *well* takes time and skill on the part of the effects team, which costs money. Additionally, rendering 3D animation is very time and computer intensive. Convincingly blending computer and live action assets is more time and energy from your effects teamThe software is just a tool, the way a paint brush and canvas is. The real money gets spent on paying talented artists who can get the most out of those tools.
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Cthulus, HP Lovecraft. Is it real Mythology or is it just old horror books, is it actually good/scary/cool?
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They just old horror books. For the most part they were originally published in monthly magazines where the authors were paid by the word. Over the years of writing them, Lovecraft started to weave together a fictional history and collaborated via letter with other authors and swapped ideas. Although he wasn't super successful in his own lifetime a lot of the things that he thought were scary inspired other authors to add to his work and write books set in the same 'world' . One of the things that he found scary, was pretty core to his writing, was the fear of the unknown. In his books he mostly only alluded to things like 'elder gods' and 'interdimensional aliens' as far as he was concerned it was way scarier only knowing a little bit about these things than being told everything. One of the things he wrote into his world was the idea that the human mind is incapable of really understanding all the weird stuff, and that we'd go instantly mad if we ever understood more than a sliver of it. When other people started writing books set in his world they *loved* the ideas of Mad Gods and ancient interstellar horrors and added a lot of that kind of stuff. Occasionally something from real mythology will pop up, because Lovecraft had read about it and thought it was a neat idea. Much in the same way 'Clash of the Titans' has a kraken in it which was written about in Norse Mythology or 'Harry Potter' has Trolls which were Scandinavian as well.They are just old horror books. They were written by HP Lovecraft, who was not the greatest writer of all time, to put it mildly. They are interesting though.
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Why do they call it Legend Of Zelda and not Legend Of Link?
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Because you are Link, and his name is whatever you put for him. His name doesn't matter, and for all the games history knows his name changes from game to game. The one constant is Zelda because after the first Zelda was cursed to sleep forever the king decreed, "So that this tragedy would never be forgotten, he ordered every female child born into the royal household should be given the name Zelda.". Skyward Sword changes this a bit, but you still have all the female children being named after the first one. So since the royal bloodline seems to be the keeper of the Triforce of wisdom, and it presents itself only in the women, you get the Legend of Zelda's.Mostly, Shigeru Miyamoto really liked Zelda Fitzgerald's name.
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What's the point of Whoaverse?
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It looks like it was created as a "truereddit," so to speak. I imagine that some people were upset about the admins banning certain offensive subs and mods deleting comments in various subs . The main kick seems to have been from the vote change that was just enacted. So, it's basically a reddit with less rules and the ability to completely delete posts. It remains to be seen if it becomes as popular.It only costs $20-30 to get a website set up and register a domain. There's no reason to assume that just because somebody put something on the internet anyone gives a shit.
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How were Romans able to build fountains ?
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The fountain was located downhill from a river, and water from the river was delivered via a closed pipe, so that it arrived under natural pressure . Yo ho ho! Yer not alone in askin', and kind strangers have explained: 1. [ELI5: How ancient Roman fountains worked ] ^1. [ELI5: How fountains were possible in Classical Civilizations. How was the pressure kept and turned off and on? ] ^1. [ELI5: How did Ancient Greek fountains work? ] ^1. [ELI5: How did fountains work in medieval times? ] ^1. [ELI5: How did the public fountains work before using electricity to produce water pressure? ] ^1. [ELI5: How did ancient roman aqueducts work? ] ^1. [ELI5: Without access to modern pumping technology, how were ancient civilizations able to build fountains with such high flow rates like the Trevi Fountain in Rome? ] ^
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People always go on about land-fill sites, for what reason can we not just chuck all the rubbish in Volcanoes?
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Fire does not destroy things. It changes them chemically sure, things go into the air and then there's the ash to deal with. Having said that, humanity does use incinerators to deal with trash . But incenerators have to deal with the problems of just changing it from one kind of polution to another. Overall land fills are a good solution to a problem that has existed for thousands of years. The problems come into play when you introduce certain chemicals . Or when the number of people living locally eclipses the landfills ability to handle. So the best solution is not just to treat our trash differently but rather to do a better job of identifying the kinds of trash that are best dealt with in certain ways. In addition to talking steps to reduce the overall quantity of trash in the "system". Landfills have an important place in that kind of system. So it's not so much about finding something to use instead of landfills. It's about dealing with the hows and whys of creating a total solution that includes landfills and other disposal methods. AND adjusting the kinds of the trash we create.There aren't that many active volcanoes, but there is a lot of garbage. To get all the garbage of the world to those volcanoes would be more expensive because of the transport distances. It would require more difficult logistics because there are no roads to a volcano top, so you would need a conveyor belt, helicopters or create a new opening that is road accessible. And finally it might not even fit or burn fast enough.
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How do evolution deniers use the laws of thermodynamics to prove their case against evolution?
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They take the notion of entropy, and point out that current scientific knowledge points out two things. First, entropy is always rising. Second, complex biological organisms decrease entropy. That sounds like a contradiction, right? That's the argument they make: there *must* be some divine intervention or, according to our best science, there would be no way for complex organisms to evolve. As you may have already guessed, the people making this argument are *not* trained scientists. They're missing a crucial detail: entropy always rises in a closed system . The Earth is not a closed system. In fact, none of the systems discussed by evolution, or biology in general, are closed systems. In a single sentence: creationists have forgotten that the sun exists.
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What are we hoping to learn from landing on an asteroid?
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One of the key investigations of Philae is the chemical composition of 67P. Philae has many sensors and gadgets on it that can collect and analyse samples from the surface. This data will be sent back to earth for the ESA and scientists to further analyse. This information can help us understand the history of the solar system. In the early days of the earth, comets commonly crashed on the surface, splattering their chemicals everywhere. The most important molecule that these crashed comets might have brought is water. Water which is very important to life on Earth. Right now most space agencies including NASA are very interested in finding water in other places in the solar system. Especially in liquid form. Finding liquid water gives a locations to look for possible extraterrestrial life. That's why we are very interested in Europa, a moon of Jupiter. Finding water/ice on a comet confirms the thought that water may be abundant throughout the solar system. Another interesting aspect is that comets and asteroids may be stockpiles of rare earth metals. Since the earth has finite resources of these, someday companies will have to turn to mining comets for these resources. Philea can help answer how much of these profitable resources to expect on comets and help project when it would become financially feasible to mine them. Edit: Wording.
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Even though birds can't taste the capsaicin in hot peppers, does it still burn like the core of a thousand suns when they defecate?
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Humans don't "taste" it either. Humans have receptors that register it as pain. Spice is literally a sensation, not a taste, which is why you feel it on the way out too. Birds dont have receptors sensitive to capsaicin anywhere in their body, so it doesn't burn coming or going
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How do we keep discovering new amazing things in astronomy when it takes millions of years for said discoveries to develop?
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The universe is very big, we estimate there are over 100 billion galaxies in the observable universe. With that sort of number, it's almost guaranteed that somewhere, something interesting is happening at this moment.Because they started happening millions of years ago, and only now are we noticing them or realizing the significance.
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Why does petting animals give us physical comfort?
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Most mammals have special sense receptors that respond favorably to gentle touch, which is why the vast majority of mammals will enjoy being pet . So gentle stroking feels good to them, almost as much as it feels good for you to do it. We also have a certain chemical in our body which is related to bonding and affection. Research general states that this chemical is released while we're petting or sometimes even looking at our pets.
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Why are some people able to function on much less sleep than others?
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Very few people can actually function properly with a good amount of sleep debt. Most of those people just get used to it, like a high functioning alcoholic.Sleep is incredibly important to the longevity of our bodies, we do the majority of the recovery while sleeping for things like muscle repair, memory consolidation. Sure someone people can function better without sleep but they will certainly not live as long as you! Now whether or not you talking about them getting all the sleep they need in 6 while you need 8, I do not know my guess is that they don't actually get all the sleep they need, they just got used to it and it's normal for them now so they think they only need 5-6 hours, they probably drink coffee/energy drinks all day to help them stay awake, they probably don't do any exercise/go to the gym.
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why don't girls have Adam's apples
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Adam's apples are found on both women and men they just show up more prominently in men as a chunk of bony cartilage that's wrapped around the larynx. Also known as the laryngeal prominence, the Adam's apple sits right on top of the thyroid gland, so the area is fittingly called the\xa0thyroid\xa0cartilage. Grown men have larger voice boxes that are a lot more prominent. This is also the reason why dudes speak in deeper tones.Really good explanation i saw on YouTube a few weeks ago _URL_0_', "Women do have Adam's apples, they're just not as large as men's. The reason men have bigger Adam's apples than women is because they are a secondary sexual characteristic that appear as the result of hormonal activity. Men produce more of this hormone than women. It's the same reason that women have bigger breasts than men or that men have more facial hair than women.
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If the U.S can use drones in foreign countries, how is it that these foreign countries aren't capable of doing the same thing to the US?
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The US would shoot it down. Most of the time, US drones operate in places were there aren't really ~~air-to-~~ air defenses, so the drone is fairly safe. Also, very few countries that would want to operate drones have a base close enough to operate drones from, whereas the US has bases all over the world. EDIT: Air defenses, as /u/ClamThe pointed out.
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Munching Noises (More in Description)
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You don't? Really? I hate the noise my mouth produces when eating pop corns at the cinema, it doesn't let me hear the movie. Anyway, I guess is because we are not really able to be annoyed by something we do. For example, have you have tried to leave the toothpaste's cap open? Isn't that annoying as hell when someone else does it? But when it's your fault, you don't care so much.
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What exactly is Quantum Dot Technology for TVs supposed to do?
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The basic idea is that they're made of a material that absorbs a wide range of light, and then re-emits most of the absorbed energy as a very fine-tuned frequency of light. Being powered by light re-emission rather than electricity means that you can use them as passive filters to improve the light quality of the LCD backlight, or to create LED light quality without LED or OLED cost.
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Which version of the bible is "the bible"
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None of them. Before Constantine the roman emperor made Christianity romes state religion there were different sects of Christians and hundreds of gospels competing for attention. When Constantine adopted it he called for the Christina elders to make one book everyone could rally around. Mark, Luke, Matthew, etc. weren't friends of Jesus they were the guys in charge of making a cliff notes version of all the different gospels floating around. Look into the gospel of Thomas, the dead sea scrolls, gnostisim, etc.Every version is "The Bible." The better question is which one is more accurate. Some people feel The King James version is most authoritative. A basic Wikipedia search does not tell me why people feel that way The most accurate Bible in literal translation is somewhat difficult to understand because the idioms from the original culture are foreign to us. A thematic translation would try to convey the original meaning, even if the words change during translation. This link provides a bit of explanation of what I'm trying to say:_URL_0_ I personally prefer NIV because of clarity.You aren't going to get a definitive answer to this question. Nearly every denomination subscribes to a different translation of the text.
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If we can build the Keystone XL pipeline, why don't we build a giant water pipeline from the Great Lakes to California to alleviate the drought problems there?
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Because keep your hands off our water. But seriously, there's a whole ecosystem going on over there, and mass-draining the water will fuck with that. A ton of goods get shipped in and out of Detroit and other cities via freighters, and if the water level drops too low, it could cut off supply chains. Tourism would be affected if shipping the water damaged the beaches or made recreational boating impossible . Those are mostly reasons why Michigan and the surrounding states wouldn't allow it. The real reason is just that there isn't all that much money in water, especially for irrigation, but building a trans-national pipeline is expensive and difficult. I imagine the profit margins just aren't high enough.
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How is outer-space relevant in modern warfare, what would space combat look like?
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It's where satellites are, and satellites are the backbone of modern communications and photo-reconnaissance technology. The GPS satellites, for example, allow the US military to guide vehicles and weapons to anywhere on the globe with a tiny margin of error. That's a *HUGE* advantage in a fight. Reconnaissance satellites orbit constantly and collect images of whatever the owner of the satellite wants pictures of. Being able to shoot down, damage, or confuse your enemy's satellites seriously limits his ability to gather information. As for space combat, at the moment it looks a lot like slinging missiles at your enemy's satellites/unmanned spacecraft to disable or destroy them. We're a few lifetimes away from spaceship dogfights.
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How does hitting hard surfaces with your fists make your knuckles stronger?
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The same way that walking barefoot for an extended period of time makes the sole of your foot more durable and tolerant to pain. The skin forms calluses . Another phenomenon is something called Wolff’s law. The link below explains this law. Essentially, if you load a bone with physical stresses, it stimulates the bone to become stronger. The opposite is true as well _URL_0_ Astronauts lose something like 1 to 2% of bony mass per month because of the absence of gravity. When it comes to the body “what you dont use, you lose”If I remember properly, the term is calcification. The bones, like any other tissue, will have micro breaks that when in the process of healing will do so through a calcification process which hardens and increases the bone density.In the simplest terms, hitting hard surfaces causes micro-fractures in your bones, which repair stronger than they were. The phenomenon is called Wolff's law, named after a german surgeon, Julius Wolff . If you dumb it down, his law basically states that the body of a healthy person adapts to loads it suffers .Thank you guys for the quick responses :)', "It gives you calluses. I wouldn't suggest it without taping properly or you'll break a knuckle or your wrist.
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why is there no thunder or lightning during a snowstorm?
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I've seen and heard lightning in a snowstorm. Worked at a ski resort as a lift operator, nothing more scary than lightning when you're sitting in a metal shack at the top of a mountain. The weather people call it *thundersnow*.It's possible. Meteorologists call it "thundersnow", but it's pretty rare. I'm far from a weather expert but I can make an educated guess on why this is the case. Thunderstorms are caused when you have columns of warm, humid air clashing with cooler air. Since hot air is less dense, it rises, forming towering clouds. Daytime heating energizes this cycle, forcing more hot, unstable air upwards. The huge amount of energy in these clouds creates a strong convection current. Any particles within that current will collide building up a static charge, and you get lightning. Winter storms though just don't have that kind of energy. They tend to start life as cooler, dryer air moving across relatively warm bodies of water. They can suck up a huge amount of moisture, but without the daytime heating, there's just not enough energy to create the convection currents necessary to produce lightning. To get thundersnow, you have to have a line of storm cells move over top a layer of cooler air, where precipitation will turn into snow before it hits the groundAs a resident of Montana I will say that although it is quite rare, thundersnow does happen. It is bloody creepy.
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How and why do spider webs become cobwebs?
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> How do the webs lose their "stickiness"? They get covered in dust. Spiders frequently rebuild their webs in new locations. The old, abandoned web ends up collecting dust, which makes it less sticky, just like covering a piece of tape with dirt and debris makes it less stickyi believe its an accumulation of dust and detritus on the web. imagine a sticky piece of scotch tape, laid face up, and you blow a weeks worth of accumulated house dust onto it. all the dust will stick to the sticky part of the tape, making it not sticky any longer. same concept, i think.
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Why does the raidio only play certain songs by an artist and not any song that is good by them? Even old artists with no albums to promote.
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To put it simple, it's been analysed that the audience stay on the station when the music is recognisable.A local radio morning show actually explained this a few weeks ago in my area. Basically, the stations quickly lose listeners if they play "unknown" music. Playing popular and recognizable songs is what most people actually want and will stick to a station for. E: a word', "Real answer is that labels pay them to promote their songs. If the song is played a lot people think it's popular and thus good. If you request another song they won't play it unless it's already on their playlist. Radios play ads right? Well every single time a song is played they earn royalties. Ads pay for them, and the station had a contract. More plays is more money for everyone. It is a system in the business and that's why you never hear the whole CD or less known artists on major stations.
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How come it seems no one on the east-cost of America is able to handle and prepare for a snowstorm?
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I live in coastal New England. One thing to note is our winters are extremely unpredictable. Last year we had like 20 feet of snow, this year we haven't had any . How do you budget in something that can cost anywhere from five million to nothing. Another thing to note is that our snow tends to be very wet and heavy. 18-24 inches of snow means collapsed buildings and roads that can't be plowed by anything but heavy duty, commercial trucks and machinery. My town of 80,000 relies mostly on private contractors to plow neighborhoods and uses big city plows to focus on the highways. Well we got 20 inches of wet heavy snow and the private contractors simply couldn't push it. On top of that we had downed power lines. So there were millions of people who had no power, no heat, and no ability to go anywhere. Also, the east coast of the US has ALOT of people. Any weather event that effects millions of people is overly covered.
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Why is it a bad idea to freeze food that's been defrosted?
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Freezing and unfreezing food can destroy the integrity of that food. When you freeze something whether it is meat, vegetables, a fully prepared meal, or bread the water in the food crystallizes. These crystals can ever so slightly damage the material/tissue around them. When you thaw the food the crystals disappear, but if you refreeze it the next crystals will not be the same shape or size. So you are continuing the "damaging process" over and over. There are many different things that can happen when you refreeze something that's been fully thawed, for some foods you may just ruin the flavor and texture but with other foods there may be health concerns with refreezing. Raw meat for instance shouldn't be thawed out and refrozen since bacteria may have had a chance to start growing and could make you sick. Precooked foods shouldn't have that kind of problem but the more times you defrost and refreeze the less tasty it will become. If you let your frozen foods start to thaw on the way home from the store you shouldn't have a problem tossing them back in the freezer when you arrive.Ice crystals form during freezing. These crystals cause microscopic damage to the food by poking tiny holes in the food's structure. When thawed the food's texture has changed. A second freeze-thaw cycle makes the problem worse. The food's quality after the first thaw is not as good as fresh, but still acceptable. After a second thaw the quality will be worse. Some foods may be OK after several thawings, others may not survive the first.
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I’ve stood every single day of my life, so how are my legs and back still sore after a day of work when they should be used to the strain?
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Your body doesn't handle standing all day well . It didn't evolve that way. Standing and moving takes a lot of muscle effort for us to maintain and is very hard on our joints.You can only get used to it to a certain extent and then it starts to strain. It'll take evolution over generations doing the same thing to get that "used to strain" feeling.There are two basic types of muscle exercises: isotonic and isometric. Isotonic means the muscle is contracting, while isometric means tension is increasing but the muscle stays the same length. Standing is isometric. Your muscles are constantly engaged to make sure you don't fall over or slouch or anything like that. When you're actually doing work and moving around, that is isotonic exercise. Your muscles simply aren't used to activating in a different way.
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Why does looking at a monitor from a sharp vertical angle change the color of the image on the screen?
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It's not the easiest question to answer, but basically because of light refraction. _URL_0_ When the light from your monitor passes through layers of liquid crystals, polarizing filters and others, the light will bend if not viewed directly perpendicular to the surface. It will bend more the larger angle you view it from, and also, in doing so, the light's wavelength will also change. The refractive index of these layers are also dependent on the polarization of light. Normally, light is comprised of all polarizations, and change in one component is not easily noticed because of other, less affected components. However, the light coming from liquid crystal display is polarized, and you'll have one orientation where the effect is noticeable. The worst orientation is basically always placed to the vertical plane, since people generally sway their heads side-to-side more than up-down.
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Why is the United States giving up control of ICANN?
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It can help stave off employment off the "nuclear option" by other countries of building their own competing DNS servers. According to the World Bank , as of 2013 45% of China's population used the Internet, compared to 84% of the US. Nevertheless, this means that China still has roughly twice the number of Internet users as the US. Add into this the fact that the Chinese already have a sophisticated system of routing Internet traffic based on DNS and there's absolutely no technical reason why they could not, if they chose, build their own DNS. It's extremely difficult to predict what consequences this would have, but I think it's a smart policy move for the US to sacrifice a little bit of direct management in exchange for preserving an institution over which it will still have influence disproportionate to its population.
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Why does soapy water pressurize a sealed container when I shake it?
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It's not the soap thats pressurizing it. It's the super hot water. The water is turning to steam in the carton and building pressure. You could watch it happen in a ziploc bag with hot water then sealing it! Hope this helps!", 'put very hot water in, let it sit for a couple of minutes to warm the air inside. and then put the cap on. watch the jug crush in as the water cools.
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If California is in a drought, why not build water desalination plants by the Pacific Ocean to make water readily available for everyone?
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Because a large scale plant costs literally a billion dollars and takes years to design and build. It's extremely expensive and requires a lot of approvals, environmental assessments, etc. This isn't something you can do on a whim.
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only because my son is five and I didn't have an answer. Where do primary colors come from? (We were mixing play doh)
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It's because each of your eyes is actually three eyes! You have one eye which only sees red, one which sees green, and one for blue/violet. But they're all combined into one eye. But actually your red eye can see red-ish light: it sees red, but also orange and yellow. Why? What's this about? And the green one sees greenish light: green, but also yellow-green and yellow, blue-green and blue. And the blue eye sees blue-green, blue, and violet. Your eyes work this way so they can see all the colors BETWEEN pure red and pure green and all the colors BETWEEN pure green and pure blue. For example, if you're looking at the pure yellow part of a rainbow, your red eye see it, and so does your green eye. Your brain converts the two signals and makes you see yellow color. Eyes are weird because they can't really see combinations of colors. For example, if you look at a mixture of pure red, pure green and pure blue, you think it's white. But if you look at genuine white light which contains all wavelengths, you STILL think it looks white.
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How am I able to sleep eight hours without having to take a piss yet I can't even last three or four hours on a long car ride?
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When you sleep, your body secretes anti-diuretic hormone , which instructs the kidneys to reduce urine production .When you are awake, this hormone is not produced, your body makes more urine making you have to go pee.
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Do atoms or molecules have colour?
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When a photon interacts with the electrons on the outside of an atom, some of the interactions result in a photon of a different wavelength . Certain molecules hold their atoms in a way that causes them to absorb all but one color and reflect that color, and we call these molecules pigmentsNothing inherently has a color. Objects either absorb or reflect certain wavelengths of light. Then your eye has rods and cones that detect that light. Then your brain interprets the action potentials triggered by the short, medium, and long wavelength cones as a color. Color is all in your brainEach molecule either emits or retains certain wavelengths of visable light. Your eye is like a sensor that is able to detect what wavelength is being emitted, and your brain processes the colors thus you see different colors. [This is what the spectrum looks like]. This is a very simplified explanation, im sure someone will be more thorough
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Why do our public universities spend enormous sums of money on football/basketball coaches? Why do they need athletic teams at all? Universities should focus on education.
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Money. People watch sports, which earns them more money. Money they can then put into education.
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How does the world look like to People with stereoblindness
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Every picture you see on the internet simulates stereoblindness. Another trick is to cover one eye and try to go about your normal activities.
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EL5: Bill Nye and the irony of green plants.
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Plants can not absorb green light, it is reflected away and is why the plant looks green. The reason it is ironic is because "green light" is emitted from the sun more than any other color. Basically the plants excluded the most common wavelength of light from being part photosynthesis, which is rather ironic.
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Why doesn't tin foil burn your fingers when its been in the oven for 15 minutes?
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Aluminum has a low [specific heat] - the change in energy required for it to increase or decrease in temperature is relatively low. That is to say, not much energy is stored in a piece of hot aluminum . Since aluminum foil is so thin, you're talking about a very small amount of material which is lousy at storing energy. The specific heat of human tissue is much higher than that of aluminum , say roughly 3 times . So in order for you to feel a 1 degree increase in temperature over some mass of tissue, an equal mass of aluminum foil would need to have stored 3x that amount of energy. Of course, the mass of your hands is probably much greater than the mass of the tinfoil, so the actual amount of energy needed is even greater. TL;DR: foil sucks at storing energy.
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Why do we take selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for anxiety and depression, instead of just taking serotonin? ELI5ish.
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A *very* ~~convoluted~~ ELI5ish explanation. Serotonin is a messenger molecule that causes many different reactions. Let say that cells are like machines with switches, messenger molecules switch them on for some time before they switch back off. Serotonin works on many switches in different parts of the body - bowl movement, sleep, mood, blood clotting, memory, learning - flooding the system with serotonin would turn all of them on and it wouldn't be good. However these switches are not all the same and what we can do is change how they work. SSRI basically turn on the switch for a longer period of time or make it so that it takes less serotonin to switch it on in the first place. Because the switches are different we can change how one work, but everything else keeps more or less the same.
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Why does it feel like every damn book is "#1 on new york times best seller list"?
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There is more than one New York Times bestseller list , so more than one book can be #1 at the same time, just not on the same list. Also, these lists are frequently updated , but you get to claim the title forever. So a book may have been #1 on the list briefly for one week a couple of years ago, but it is still a "#1 New York Times Best Seller"The New York Times bestseller list has several categories, so several books can be number one at the same time. Also, it is published weekly, so many books can reach number one in a given year. Finally, it can be manipulated and often is manipulated. Some publishers and authors will purchase massive orders of their own book during a week in order to hit the top of the list, which then opens many doors for further sales. There are even companies that will assist in manipulating the lists. The New York Times has attempted to combat this by putting daggers next to books with bulk orders, but that is not a perfect system and the publisher/author can still claim to be a number one bestseller.One thing that nobody seems to have mentioned: According to Wikipedia, 304,912 books were published *in the US alone* in 2013. How many bestsellers have you heard of? A few hundred? Maybe a few thousand? That's probably less than 1% than the books published *in a single year in only the US*. So it seems like a lot, but it's really, *really* not.
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Why were women's doubles badminton players deliberately trying to lose in the Olympics?
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Think of it in groups, where the top 2 teams in each group continue on to the next round. Let's assume, in the next round: * The Winner of Group A plays the 2nd place team of Group B* and* The Second place team in Group A plays the winner of Group B If the 2nd placed team of Group A was a particularly strong team, The two teams playing each other to decide who would win Group B would each try to lose, so that they would come 2nd and then avoid having to play the difficult team. The 2 teams at the top of group B already knew that they had won enough games to progress, so their head to head was just to decide 1st versus 2nd place - both wanted 2nd place so therefore tried to lose the game in a very obvious manner. For clarification to earlier post - Highly Seeded means a favoured team that are highly ranked in, e.g. world rankings.
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Why haven't scientists genetically engineered trees to grow faster than they do now?
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The thing about fast growing plants is that they usually have very little biomass compared to slower growing plants. Things that grow quickly would be things like corn and bamboo. Things that sequester more carbon are the things that grow more densely and more slowly. I'm no botanist, and what I know of plant genetics is that it's really *weird*. For instance, to make a miniature palm tree, you just remove some chunk of the genome, which would kill an animal zygote, but just shrinks the tree. And the thing about GMO is that we need the gene to already exist somewhere. We don't create new genes, we just take them out of one thing and stick them in another. So to make something grow more quickly we would have to rely on the mechanisms that already exist and they produce plants of low density. So it may not be a terribly effective thing to do.There are some fairly "hard" limits on how fast plants can grow under normal conditions. Trees, especially, tend to require way more nutrients than, say, bamboo. . To make a tree grow super-fast, there are a couple big problems: - You 'd have to "program" it to uptake nutrients at a higher rate than normal tree biology allows. This would involve a fuckton of genes and is way more complicated than any genetic modification that's ever been done so far. It's not like with animals, where you can just "turn off" a few genes that limit their growth-- trees are already evolved to grow at very close to maximum efficiency. - You 'd have to provide nutrients at a much greater rate than normal air and soil does. That means hydroponics and greenhouses with extra CO2 pumped in. The costs would almost certainly add up to more than just planting 10x more trees in normal soil. - A faster growth cycle would almost certainly alter the properties of the wood, *probably* for the worse, especially in hardwoods.
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How do things like Vending Machines know which paper Bills are being deposited?
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They use optical sensors to determine the location of markings on a bill. Since the markings on each form currency are unique to that specific amount, its very easy to set it up so it knows which markings correspond to a value. Its the same idea as bar code readers, at least as far as detection goes.
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Why do scientists assume that without liquid water, a planet cannot have life? Why can't aliens function off a different substance, why must it be water?
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More about likelihood, then absolutes. Of course a planet without liquid water could sustain life, but in our experience, only planets that have life, to our knowledge, are those with liquid water, to which life is dependantIt is the only thing we know. Life on Earth depends on liquid water. The assumption is that we are indicative of the average. We are not unique. If life exists elsewhere, statistically we are average, the conditions which allow us to live would also allow the average form of life to exist elsewhere.
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Could Texas vote for Independence?
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We fought a war over that question, and the winning side was the 'no' side.They tried that back in 1861. You probably learned about it back in school. It did not end well for them, or for the rest of the ConfederacyThis will explain it better than I can. _URL_0_Vote? Yes. Legally separate from the union as a result of that vote? No.As the Civil War demonstrates, Texas can't unilaterally become independent. It could happen if they could get the U.S. government to agree to it , but that's not going to happen anytime soon. Although Texans like to talk up seceding, there isn't actually that much support for an independent Texas and the only way the U.S. government would ever even consider a Texan independence referendum would be if the support for Texan independence was very significant. On the other hand, there was very little support for Scottish independence just a few years ago
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How can it be possible to be declared innocent of a crime when there is video and audio of the event?
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The point isn't to be declared "innocent", more "not guilty". The distinction is important because innocent means "we know he didn't do it" which is nearly impossible to know. "Not guilty" means there's not enough evidence to convict someone of a crime.Crimes are specific. For example, for murder, you need to fit certain requirements for it to be murder. There can be video and audio available, but that doesn't always mean that what is on there is enough to fit those requirements. If, say, the jury feels that the video / audio does display a man killing another man, but they feel it was self-defence, you are not guilty of murder. If the killing happens, but the prosecution does not adequately prove it was planned, it is not murder. Sometimes juries will convict of a lesser sentence , but sometimes they won't. Sometimes the defence can introduce enough reasonable doubt that the crime cannot be proven beyond reasonable doubt in which cause you are ruled not guilty
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How can a negative emotional state create physical symptoms, such as depression causing you to become sick or sore ?
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Think about fight, flight, or freeze response. When do they usually kick in? When you perceive a threat. Your body physically responds to that emotion of fear. Adrenaline increases your heart rate, blood pressure, & energy supply to do what you need to. There’s also this other hormone called cortisol. It’s known as the “stress hormone.” It usually does it’s own thing and helps adrenaline out. Now, if your body is always under a lot of emotional/mental stressors, then your body keeps thinking it’s going through fight-flight and kick in those necessary hormones to help you out. But you aren’t really. So now your body is being over exposed to cortisol and some other stress hormones. Those hormones normally regulate things like your blood pressure, digestion, sleep regulation, & other life essentials. But because it’s overexposed to all these hormones, all of the sudden you’re always feeling anxious because your heart is beating fast. Your stomach can’t really digest well. Your metabolism has gone haywire. You feel sweaty and nauseous and now your body is just tired because it keeps getting ready to fight or run but it’s not that kind of stress going on. Keep in mind, this is an over simplification. Hope it helps.
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Why do phones sound so much worse when on speaker?
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The energy in a sound signal dies off pretty fast the farther away you get from it. This is fine for really small speakers that you put *very* close to your ears like headphones, earbuds, and telephone speakers. When you switch to "speaker" mode on a phone the speakers used are still very small and the power dies off pretty fast, unfortunately not all the frequencies die off at the same distance so the sound gets distortedThe sound isn’t even MP3 quality to start with. It sounds fine on that small speaker you hold up to your ear, but you can tell that the quality’s bad when the sound goes on speakerphone TL;DR: the quality isn’t rich enough to sound good on speakerphone
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What exactly is a Diplomat and why do we have them?
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Trade agreements, negotiation of travel between boarders, military cooperation, cultural study, national security advisory .Diplomats are points of contact for official communication between countries, and are of particular importance in making agreements between governments. If you had a king for example the king isn't going to visit a neighboring country in order to discuss trade arrangements. They would send a representative who is well-spoken and delegated a certain amount of authority to negotiate the agreements on behalf of the king. Communication would otherwise have taken far too long. These days diplomats basically do the same sort of thing.
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Why don't your palms grow hair?
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Animals evolved to not have hair on palms/soles of feet in order to have better traction for movement. Dogs, cats, primates, etc - all mammals have areas of hands/feet without hair. Primate have broader palms instead of the pads you see on the feet of other mammals, so our entire palms are hair free for practical use.
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What causes the sound you hear when two people harmonize?
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Do this: Count in your head 1, 2, 3, 4, nice and even, over and over. Now tap your right foot on 1. Now tap your left foot on 1 and 3. Pretty easy for you feet to fall into a nice pattern, right? That's what happens when you harmonize, the soundwaves fit together in a nice pattern. Start over. Tap your right foot on 1. Tap your left foot every 3rd beat. That's pretty hard, and it doesn't make a real nice pattern. That's what happens when two sounds are out of harmony.
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what causes surges in a free flowing river?
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A few seconds seems to be a really small time scale for a surge, and could really only be caused by a couple things. First, as was mentioned, a flash storm upstream, in addition to a few really wide areas of the river could result in surges of that nature. Another reason could be groundwater pumping. If a well is being developed nearby and they are drawing significant amounts of water in a short time period, the groundwater table may drop significantly near the river. This will cause the stream flow to drop for a short period as river water equilibrates with the new groundwater conditions. Lastly, if you're basing this off USGS stream gages, you should know that it is unprocessed data and contains a bit of noise. It would be interesting to take a look at the data after it's subjected to a high pass filter.
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How can bird/predators eat bugs or insects that are venomous?
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There's a difference between poison and venom. Poison takes effect when eaten or inhaled. Venom takes effect when injected into the blood, typically through a bite or sting. Their predators may produce a natural anti-toxin or, in the case of those that prey on venomous creatures, are just really good at avoiding getting hit.Venom and poison is not the same thing. Eating a venomous animal is not a necessary a problem. A venom is something that is dangerous if injected with a fangs, singer or som other way. You can eat most venom as they are broken down by the instants. Venom often proteins like meat and is broken down into amino acids. Venom are dangerous if injected. Poison are dangerous if you eat them. Poison is of course also dangerous if injected.
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Why do small dogs think they are big and big dogs think they are small?
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I believe it is discipline. Larger dogs are heavily disciplined - controlled from barking and mis-behaving. Where as small dogs receive little discipline from barking or jumping because they are more harmless do to their size.
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Why African Americans are not given the prefix of their country of origin while European's are?
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Because Black Americans who are descendants of slaves usually don't know their family's country of origin. Slave owners and traders were not interested in the ethnic origins of their slaves and kept only the most rudimentary records. Many Black Americans find it impossible to trace their families back more than a few generations.Because most African-Americans are descended from slaves, and thus don't know their country of origin. Even if distinct "countries" as we understand them could be said to have existed at the time of the slave trade, detailed records were not kept. For more recent immigrants and their descendants, it certainly would not be uncommon to adopt a "hyphenated" ethnicity, e.g. Nigerian-Americans or Ethiopian-Americans.Many do not have records of their ancestors' country of origin. Many have ancestors from numerous different African countries. Some of the countries in Africa where slaves were usually kidnapped from no longer exist.I have previously asked some friends of mine this exact question, because some of them DID know where they came from , but all still wanted to be thought of and called African American or black. The reasons varied a bit, but could be paraphrased like this: "Black Americans are their own culture and totally different from African Africans of any type. I'm not one of them, I'm different. I'm not my country of origin, I'm a unique culture that only exists here."', "Because most of them are descended from slaves, and don't know what country they're originally from, what languages their family originally spoke, etc. Slaves weren't usually permitted to talk about that stuff, families were broken up and sold off so many slaves never knew their parents, non-English/French languages were forbidden. That's also why there are Irish-American bars/parades/traditions/pride things, German-American, English-American, etc, but just 'black' for the descendants of slaves. They don't know.
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What exactly is the Internet, where does it exist, how am I receiving it, and who is sending it?
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This is like asking where does mail exists. The Internet is a collection of devices all around the world that communicate using IP. There are major data centers for peering/etc but the answer is it's all around us.
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If lower frequencies mean less energy, why does bass seem so much more powerful than treble?
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Because the described frequency/power relationship assumes the same amplitude. Bass can be played at higher amplitude without being uncomfortable, and frequently has dedicated speakers for it . Thus, the bass is played at a higher amplitude. There is also the association of low-frequencies with large, heavy impacts due to resonance.humans like high energy bass, and dislike high energy treble, so are generally exposed to high energy bass often, and high energy treble close to never. so you're comparing powerful bass to weak treble. if you were ever the victim of a sonic weapon you wouldn't even think of asking such a thing.Like others have said, humans like low frequencies more than high. So lower frequencies are amplified more. But the human body also has various parts that resonate with frequencies between 0.5 and 80 Hz, which is why you feel the vibrations in your chest from bass and not higher pitchesIt takes less energy to produce low frequency sounds, so it is easier to make loud low frequency sounds. If two sounds have the same amount of energy and one is high frequency and the other is low frequency then the lower one will be louder.
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Does fire weigh anything?
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Fire is simply burning matter. The visible flame is basically plasma, which is when a gas gets hot enough to ionize giving it the distinctive appearance. Solids are the first state of matter, then liquids, gases and finally plasma. As such it has mass, but it's a very hot plasma . Think of the molecules of a gas as a bunch of tiny balls, all bouncing around. Heating a gas makes the bounce with more speed, so when a ball on is filled with a gas, you are seeing the result of trillions of trillions of impacts of those balls each second with the sides of the balloon. If you heat up the gas in the balloon, the balls pick up speed causing them to hit the balloon harder making the sides push out and expand. This expansion makes the gas less dense, in that it's the same amount of matter but spread out over a larger area. So because of the heat, a flame's density is lower than that of the much cooler air around the fire. This causes the gases to rise and makes the flames go upward. Even though they have low density, they still have mass. But mass = = weight. Weight is gravity times mass, so two objects that have the same mass will have different weights on the Earth and the moon. Still, just because it floats doesn't mean the Earth isn't pulling on it. Just think of a life jacket that floats in water, but if you pull it out, it can still be weighed on land. As for weighing it, you could probably best estimate it through stoichiometry TLDR: flames are ionized matter, they have mass and have weight.
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How do people (and pornstars) manage to fit so much stuff in their ass without doing crazy damage? Is everyone built like that?
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The same way you do anything. Practice. They start small and ease their way up over a few years . They also learn to control the 2nd sphincter which allows them to go deeper . Source: Asked DirtyGardenGirl how she got to be the way she was, 3 years of practice was her answer. Edit: Essentially if you really want to, you can condition yourself to do it as well. just do not expect to fit an eggplant in before a golf ball.Follow up question - How do they poop? Does it just, flop out? Is their anus like a loose bag of jelly beans that poops just kinda trickle out? Do they fart, or does butt gas just kinda seep out constantly? I've always wondered these things.Same way women can carry a child without rupturing. The body is very flexible and very adaptable. And, as Hellguin pointed out, it takes practice. Just like building muscle, you have to build extra tissue over time to accommodate larger items.Best analogy I can give you - ever see someone with stretched earlobes? They didn't insert a large ring on day 1. Just gradually increasing ring size, as body adjusts.
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with regards to vodka, how can something that has such a strong flavor, have such a weak smell?
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Smell happens when volatile compounds are clouding around an object and you inhale them. Vodka is mostly alcohol and water. Alcohol has a pretty distinctive smell but compared to something like rum with a bunch of other aromatic ingredients like sugar and spices, vodka's gonna have a pretty muted smell.
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Why is WiFi loss measured in dB? and how does that work?
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Most people associate decibels with sound, but really decibel doesn't actually measure anything. A decibel is a way of comparing something to some reference point. Every 10 dB marks being 10 times larger or smaller than you were before. This scale is called a logarithmic scale, and basically involves scaling things by adding or taking away zeroes at the end of a number, instead of counting. It's not easy to calculate dB values that aren't multiples of 10, but a good rule of thumb is that 3dB is around double or half the original value, depending on which way you go. Every decibel measurement has a reference point, that is called 0dB. For sound, this is roughly the softest possible noise that human ears can detect. If you have a sound that is 10dB, it is then 10 times more powerful than that. If you have a 20 dB sound, it is 10 times louder than a 10 dB sound, or 100 times louder than a 0 dB sound. A -10 dB sound is 1/10th the power of a 0 dB sound, and a -20dB sound is 1/100th the power. Wifi signal is measured by how much electromagnetic power is picked up by the antenna. 1 milliwatt is equal to 0 dBmW , or more commonly just called dBm. So if you have a signal of -23dBm, the power picked up by your antenna is less than 1/100th of 1mW, or 0.01mW. That gets you to -20dBm. A difference of 3 dB means power is roughly doubled or halved, so -23dBm is roughly half the strength of -20dBm, or about 0.005mW. -92dB is much much much weaker, at around 1/1000000000th the strength of 1mW.
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Scientists grow beating heart tissue from plants
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Scientists grow bigger by beating up the heart tissue from innocent plants?We can get cells to turn into heart tissue fairly well with our research. But we mix them up in a test tube and if we just grow them that way we get a lump of unorganized tissue rather than something we could hook into the blood supply of a living organism. What we need is for them to be organized in a structure with veins such that blood can supply them all. The plants used have a good vascular structure. All the plant cells are stripped out and the general structure used as a scaffold or general organization plan as they grow. This makes more useful tissue.
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why is it generally taboo to ask someone how much they get paid even when you guys are friends?
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Generally because it can cause tension, if you work with that friend on they work in similar roles and you earn considerably more - while you might expect them to be happy for you - many people are simply annoyed by it.People often define themselves, or expect that others define them, by how much they make. If the number is too high, maybe people are impressed or maybe they are bitter because they think you're overpaid. If the number is too low, maybe they pity you. Or maybe you expect that people will pity you and your small salary even if they wouldn't. It's a bit like asking how much someone weighs. There is no inherent reason why it is wrong, but we attach a lot of meaning and assumptions to it so it becomes an uncomfortable question for many people.Because our corporate overlords do everything they can to discourage us from talking about salary. They fear us demanding a raise to the level of a coworker that does half the work but is better at bargaining.[Here's a pretty good argument as to why people should ask.]
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Why are television channels such as TruTV allowed to advertise that what they show is true, when it obviously isn't? Isn't this false advertising?
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I believe that a false advertisement claim can only be filed if the advertisement somehow put the plaintiff in some sort of danger or caused a financial, legal, or moral burden to them or their family. The use of "or" was rampant in that sentence, but in my sleepy state I can't think of any other way to word itFox "Faux" News does this all the time, along with the other "opinion media" stations.Sometimes it's cheaper to pay the fine because you still profit from the programme.
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What causes people to have fetishes, esp bizarre ones?
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Youi basically have something happen to you at some point during/close to puberty. Something that somehow combines sexual arousal with something normally not associated with it. I remember my Psych professor told us a story of how a certain man came to have a fetish for cutting himself during sex. I don't remember it exactly but i remember the important details. Boy grew up on a farm, some kind of accident happened, I think he got his upper legs wrapped in barbed wire somehow or something, the important thing is that he had bad lacerations and/or cuts on his ass/thighs. They go to the local doctor and he's trying to clean them but the kid is freaking out already, so every time the doc tries to clean the cuts the stinging makes the kid freak out and jump. So the nurse, who was a very well endowed lady, holds onto the kid to keep him calm/still, inadvertently shoving her glorious cleavage into the kids face and keeping him there while the doc did his work. So his first sexual experiences also involved him being in pain from cuts. Hope that helps, I'm sure even a layman would be able to find things that need correcting in what I just said, let alone someone educated in the subject.
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When couples get married, why does the wife take the last name of the husband?
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Historically women were, by today's standards, sold. Their original last name tells you that they are still 'possessed' by their father. The new last name tells you that they are now 'possessed' by the husband. Many of our marital traditions are carry-overs from this paradigm.Because in traditional culture she becomes his property', "Property yes. Also think about it in terms of leaving her family and joining his - keeps the children in his name. The honeymoon was a time where literally the dude is hiding his desired mate from her family long enough to knock her up so that they can't take her back.Because in the olden days women were property.
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Why has no country yet extradited Polanski to the US if he is so easy to find and a convicted fugitive?
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Polanski is a French citizen. France won't extradite its own citizens to face foreign charges. That policy is very common and dates back to Greek and Roman laws . He's cautious in his foreign travel not to travel to nations that would extradite him to the US . Would you want the US to send you to a third world country over bogus charges? Let's say you made a video that was shown in Thailand insulting their King which is a [serious offense]. French people don't want to take that risk either. Sometimes that means that bad results happen, and that's life.
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Does the team behind Forza pay to use the cars or do the car companies pay them to feature their cars in the game?
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A little from column A, a little from column B. It really depends on the car company involved. Some car companies will "pay" for placement in the game by not charging a license fee.Forza pays to license the cars, otherwise it would be stealing the likenesses of real life vehicles, and that's forbidden by copyright laws.
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Why is, no matter the colour of the shampoo, the foam always white?
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Because the bubbles that make up the foam are so thin that the pigments that make up he color are too thinly spread to matter much. Instead the light is fractured everywhere by every bubble making it effectively reflecting white light.[So meta ] Anyway it's because the colour gets spread so thin and infused with microbubbles that the colour pigment makes no difference to the light hitting it so it appears white. Darker colours will reduce this effect. An entirely black shampoo would have very dark suds.
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What is the connection between oysters and Thanksgiving?
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This is the first I've heard of this; however Oysters, clams, and lobsters are a readily accessible food item in New England where the first two-hundred odd years of American culture more or less developed, and the food remains a staple of the entire diet of the region, sort of in the way cows are associated with Texas and salmon with the Northwest. Is there any chance you or your immediate ancestors are from New England? I'm mostly midwest so I know all about cranberries for Thanksgiving, but nothing about Oysters!
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Are some Japanese songs written specifically for anime in mind, having 90 second cuts?
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Both; depends on the anime. [death parades OP is just a real song by the band BRADIO] its not hard to cut a song to a shorter version; remove a verse or two etc. but then theres also [shows like jojo, who have custom songs written] [btw all of jojos openings are amazing]most songs are cut down to be 90 but a few are originally 90 seconds like the [beserk 2016 op].
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What exactly is a black box?
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It's a general term people use when they deal with a functioning component without necessarily knowing or needing to know how the component works. You know *what* the component does, but not necessarily *how*. For example, when you run [black box testing] on a software package, you are examining the output you get when you run particular inputs into it. You don't know how it works, but you know what it outputs based on what you put in.Like you're five: A black box is a magical contraption where if you feed it certain items, it will spit out certain other items. We don't care *how* it works , we just care what it spits out what it's supposed to be spitting out, depending on what we feed it. For example I might have a black box that converts things into money. So I can put in a banana and it spits out $2, and I can put in a gold bar and it spits out $10,000. I don't care how it gets rid of the banana and how it conjures up the money, I only care that it's functioning correctly. One "black box" contraption might be a calculator. It really doesn't matter to the user how the internals work, it just matters that it does all the math like it's supposed to -- I give it a bunch of numbers, and if it's working correctly it gives me back a number that makes sense.
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Would a black hole be able to swallow another one? If so, what would happen?
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[Space Cannibal: Ginormous Black Hole Caught Eating Another] *A monstrous black hole at the heart of one galaxy is being devoured by a still larger black hole in another, scientists say. The discovery is the first of its kind.* [Can Black Holes Swallow Other Black Holes?] *Yes. If such an event occurred, and we were looking in the place to be able to see it, we would likely see a burst of high-energy radiation, which we can see as intense x-ray emission from such an event. An example of such a merger of black holes that might happen in the future has been observed in the galaxy merger system NGC3393 by the Chandra x-ray observatory. I hope that this answers your question.* Edit: [ELI5: Black Holes.]The holes would merge into a larger black hole. This is suspected to throw out a lot of energy in the process, but we have never been able to observe this event.
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What is the point of a telemarketing business that hangs up or is just dead air when you answer?
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Much of the time it is because of a technology known as "predictive dialing". A computer dials hundreds of numbers, knowing that a certain number will be busy, most will not be answered, some will be answered by answering machines, etc. The program continually monitors how many calls are likely to get picked up by a human, and delivers those calls to the staff of telemarketers. "Hello, Mr. Smith - I am calling you from Microsoft to tell you that you have a problem on your Windows computer " Sometimes the algorithm doesn't work: you pick up but there aren't any free telemarketers at the time. So the program hangs up on you . You experience this as a hang up call, which it technically is. But no humans wasted time dialing you, so it costs almost nothing.It's just a test call to see if the line is valid.
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How do freeways or Highways get their number assigned? Is there any rhyme or reason to it?
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For the US interstate highway system: _URL_0_ > the numbering scheme for the primary routes, east-west highways are assigned even numbers and north-south highways are assigned odd numbers. Odd route numbers increase from west to east, and even-numbered routes increase from south to north Three digit numbers are used for secondary freeways, like loops going around cities, with their number being based on the primary road's number . These numbers are only unique to the state, not the whole system . Other highway systems will have similar numbering systems in place.
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How does our body process foods with large amounts of artificial additives?
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This is really going to depend on the specific additive. The word artificial in your question is probably the least useful one. Your body doesn't really care how a substance came to be, it will do what it can to either turn it into something else, absorb and piss it out, shit it out, or some combination of all of those things. They don't usually have a meaningful impact on the food itself."Artificial additives" is a term that encompasses a ridiculously huge number of things. Anything that is created in a lab and then put into the food can be labelled a such. The same chemical or substance might be a *natural ingredient* in Food A, a natural *additive* in Food B, or created in a test tube and added to Food C as an *artificial* additive. So, it's hard to really discuss them in general. As with any other substance or chemical in the universe, some can be absorbed in the digestive tract and some can't. Some are broken down before digestion, some after, and some not at all. This is true for literally anything. If a specific ingredient or substance were mentioned, then more details could be perhaps provided about how exactly the body deals with it.
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Do fish not feel pain like mammals do? Why is it so acceptable for us to do things like shove our fingers in their gills or drag them around by hooks in their mouths?
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Nobody knows. There brains are simpler than a mammal's. But they still react to pain and such. On the other hand, it's not difficult to make a computer program that reacts to "pain", and few people would consider that sentient. It probably mostly comes down to tradition and the fact that they're not as cute. If people didn't routinely shove hooks into fish's mouths and, if they're feeling nice, send them back into the water instead of taking them out of their suffering, then someone doing it would probably be seen as cruel. And if we normally caught deer that way, then nobody would bat an eye at someone doing that.It is impossible to know how painful anything happening to something not yourself is. Fish are fairly alien to humans compared to mammals and even birds, to the ways they express pain are different enough that we can fool ourselves into thinking they don't feel pain. For all we know a bonsai tree lives in constant agony from all the pruning.
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Does "Student Athlete" status vary from sport to sport in the NCAA
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Ryan Donato is no longer eligible to play NCAA hockey. He has joined the Bruins. He's still a junior at Harvard but he isn't allowed to play hockey for the Crimson anymore. This was something that he chose, to turn pro early and forfeit his remaining NCAA eligibility.
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What is a Virtual Meeting Room (VMR) and what is its use
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It's an attempt to bridge the gap between the folks who work in the office and the folks who work remotely. I work on a team that is roughly half in the company's main office, and half in remote locations; of the remote half, half of them work at one of two satellite offices, and the rest work from home. Once a year, we all get together at the main office for a week for big meetings, and you can sense the clique-y vibe. We all like each other and go to dinners and happy hours after work with each other, and enjoy each others' company, but during the work day that week, you can see the habits pretty starkly; the people from satellite office 1 will all talk to each other and go out to lunch together, and the remotes will kind of commiserate together Having a cohesive team is important in many fields, mine included, and seeing peoples' faces during meetings, rather than just hearing their voices, helps with the monkey part of our brains in forming relationships, even just close business-team relationships, with those people.
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how a car engine works.
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Suck, squeeze, bang and blow. Sounds dirty, but basically it describes the 4 strokes of a 4 stroke engine. To simplify it, the cylinder sucks petrol, compresses it , ignites it , then forces out the burnt exhaust gases
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Why is wheat bread considered more healthy than white, especially to those dieting.
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white bread is made from white flour, which is flour *without* pretty much everything that naturally makes flour a good thing for us. nutrients, vitamins and especially fibres. they get shifted out of it to make white bread. brown bread flour has had no such treatmentWheat flour contains at least some of the germ, bran, and endosperm of the wheat berry. White flour is basically just the endosperm. Endosperm is mostly just starch, so flour with bran and germ has more nutrients. Wheat bran also contains fiber. Fiber takes much more time to digest than just starch. So eating a slice of wheat bread will keep you full for longer than a slice of white bread. If you are dieting, you're less likely to reach for a snack later if your wheat bread ham sandwich is still making its way through your system. Also, the sugars in wheat bread are absorbed into your body at a slower pace, avoiding the dreaded "sugar spike."', "Forgive me if I'm misinformed, but including the answers that some are giving regarding the nutrients found in wheat bread, isn't white bread also much more processed, leaving far less work for your body to do? In other words, since wheat bread is less processed, your body burns more energy to process it, and that also makes eating it better for you than white bread, where your body does hardly any work to process it, and you just put on more calories in the long run.
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What is "unlocking" your smartphone? What is it now illegal and punishable by up to a $1 million fine?
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Phones provided by service providers are usually locked by their firmware into only working on that provider's network. Unlocking disables that so the phone can be used on any network.
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what happens if a plane flies in the opposite direction of the rotation of the earth.
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Unfortunately the atmosphere largely travels with the rotation of the earth and so the effect on planes is minimal compared to things like local weather.So, what happens when a plane flies west? At least in the Northern Hemisphere in the Continental United States, the prevailing winds generally move from west to east. So, even though you are moving against the rotation of the earth, you have a headwind and it takes you longer to fly from point A to point B than it would to fly eastbound from point B to point AThere was a show where a British pilot took a super fast jet and flew towards the sunset. I can't remember everything but he was flying faster than the rotational speed of the earth effectively "reversing" the sunset.
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How are fantasy sports companies like DraftKings and FanDuel legally allowed to operate?
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These fantasy sports sites are considered games of skill, because a better player will in the long run turn a better profit than a poor player. They are granted an exemption from sports gambling because the score for the fantasy sports site is not directly tied to the outcome of the actual game, AND they are over more than one specific game or player. They also have to have a predetermined prize pool that is not in anyway linked to the amount of players playing in that contest. There is some question about the validity of daily fantasy when it comes to PGA or NASCAR as it is only one event. This is also the reason why you need to draft players from more than one team in these leaguesFederal law has [specific exemptions for fantasy leagues], because the intent of the law is to prohibit wagering on the outcome of actual sporting events.
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What is the earned income tax credit?
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The earned income tax credit is a tax credit for low/medium-low income people. "Earned income" is basically the tax policy way of saying "income from a job" as opposed to investment income or gifts. The EITC gives low income people money back on their taxes, potentially more than they actually paid in taxes. Liberals like it because it's basically a welfare program. Some conservatives don't like it, because it's welfare. But others are more supportive because it does require people to work to get it.
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Why do cell phone/internet providers only focus on "New Customers"?
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Because changing cell phone providers is a hassle that many won't put up with, and the cell phone market is saturated. So the only real way to grow is to take customers from other carriers.
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Why does almost every app you download on the android app store have permissions where they can delete folders, access your contacts and turn your phone on and off among other things?
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As a former android developer I can give you a bit of insight into how permissions work, and why sometimes applications require permissions that seemingly do not make much sense. An Android application is somewhat different from a desktop application. You can't write an android application from scratch you are forced to use a set of different tools and libraries provided by Google in the Android OS. Each library has a wide array of different features that an app developer might use. For example when an app uses GPS Android provides a library to access GPS data from the phone. However in order to use it you need to state in your permissions that this app uses GPS. In GPS this is pretty strait forward however not ever library is like this. If for example an app wanted to turn off the screen when it detects that the phone is up against your ear it would need access to the library that controls the power to the screen so it would need permission for that. But if this same library also controls the power to the entire phone there is not a separate permission you either get permission for all the functions a library has or none of them even if you are not using most of them.
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Why isn't the 3.5mm audio jack updated for better sound and power transmission capability like USB ports.
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Adding another ring, for microphones, produced a lot of compatibility issues when Apple tried it. There isn't an established need for "analog + power" or "better analog", and after gold plating it's not clear what the better analog concept even means .
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Why the word "second" is used for the number two.
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\'Second\' is Latin, from *secundus* "following, second in a list", in turn from sequi "follow" . First and third come from German. How we managed to mix etymologies between ordinals is flatly beyond me.
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How do large venues and sporting organizations, which ban lots of people for unruly behavior, actually enforce these bans?
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For the most part they aren't actively enforced. But what the ban means, in a legal sense, is a trespass warning. So, if they come back and cause any trouble, they immediately go to jail for trespassing.
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Fine then, why is 0! = 1?
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It's a matter of probabilities. If there are 5 different books to arrange on a shelf, you have 5x4x3x2x1 different ways to arrange them = 5! = 120. With 3 books you have 3! ways = 6 possibilities. If you only have one book, then you've got 1! = 1 way to arrange the book. If you have 0 books, then there is not 0 possible options, but only 1 possibility, . In other words, if you haven't got any books, the 1 possible arrangement is to not do anything/arrange nothing, which is still a possibility.
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Why do countries want to host events such as the Fifa world cup or the Olympics when it costs them billions of their own money?
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My guess is that the people in charge of getting it to come to their countries still make a lot of money in bribes and backroom deals. So, even though it is overall a large financial drain on the country, it makes the people in charge a lot of cash. Similar to war profiteering.They don't really any more. The 2022 bid is going on, and they [can't find enough] interested cities to fill the ballot.Income from tourism , prestige, and of course, a competition of dick size
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How can USA get kicked out from the international space station if they funded 81% of it ?
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We didn't get kicked out. Russia isn't letting us use their rockets anymore. There's a big difference.
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They say that 95% of the ocean remains unexplored. Why is that we can explore billions of miles into outta space but not a couple of miles down in the ocean?
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Sea Pressure. In outer space, it's essentially a vacuum. So the difference in pressure between the inside of the space shuttle and the outside is about 15 psid. The deeper underwater you go, the stronger the sea pressure. Imagine a column of water. The water at the very bottom of that column is being squished by ALL the water on top of it. For every 100 ft of water, there's about 44 psi of pressure being applied. So when you go down thousands of feet underwater, you have a LOT of water on top of you, trying to squish you. The underwater vessels can only be built to withstand a certain amount of pressure before they're crushed by the immense force of the water on top of them.We can "see" deep into space by observing the light and energy it produces and understanding how it works. These things have trouble traveling any sort of distance in water, so our field of vision in the ocean is much smaller. Added to this, pressure increases rapidly as you go deeper in the ocean, making an unsurvivable environment for much current observation/measuring technologyI work in the subsea field, the phrase I use to compare is "it's harder to get to space, but its harder to stay in the deep" Ocean pressure is such a more hostile environment to our current technical skill set as a species than space.All the miles we've explore in space is only .00000000000000000001% of it. 5% of the ocean is a universe of knowledge and actual physical contact sometimes total immersion with the data in comparison.
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