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When Ickes spoke at the dedication ceremony on September 30 , 1935 , he was determined , as he recorded in his diary , " to try to nail down for good and all the name Boulder Dam . " At one point in the speech , he spoke the words " Boulder Dam " five times within thirty seconds . Further , he suggested that if the da... | cedaaec0baa447e7c0600034e6133e06 | 20,163 |
In the following years , the name " Boulder Dam " failed to fully take hold , with many Americans using both names interchangeably and mapmakers divided as to which name should be printed . Memories of the Great Depression faded , and Hoover to some extent rehabilitated himself through good works during and after Worl... | 2095649dea1baf37557e969adf90a07f | 20,164 |
= Tropical Storm Abby ( 1964 ) =
| 0c818c3b9dc3a6dd50828907be192986 | 20,167 |
Tropical Storm Abby was an exceptionally small tropical cyclone that had minor effects across Southeast Texas in early August 1964 . Forming as a tropical depression out of a trough south of Louisiana on August 5 , the system moved generally westward . It was not until August 7 that the system began to organize . That... | d9e09816c88a4150d5c21bf351ce416d | 20,169 |
Prior to Abby 's landfall in Texas , gale warnings were issued for the coast and residents on Matagorda Island were evacuated . Overall , the storm 's impacts were limited due to its small size . Only two structures sustained damage in Matagorda , one being destroyed by a possible tornado , and the remaining effects r... | 0774ded508754bd1b81b6051c725dabb | 20,170 |
= = Meteorological history = =
| fe82527ae426423900c55a793eed715f | 20,172 |
On August 5 , 1964 , a weak trough emerged from Florida over the northeastern Gulf of Mexico . According to the Atlantic hurricane database ( referred to as HURDAT ) , the system developed into a tropical depression by 18 : 00 UTC ( 1 : 00 p.m. CDT ) that day , with its center located roughly 160 mi ( 260 km ) south @... | 84d33250ee167b74fd5f8dbabed7cbf6 | 20,174 |
Abby was an unusually small storm , with its entire circulation being far less than 100 mi ( 160 km ) in diameter . Around 16 : 00 UTC ( 11 : 00 a.m. CDT ) on August 7 , reconnaissance measured a central barometric pressure of 1000 mbar ( hPa ; 29 @.@ 53 inHg ) within Abby , the lowest in relation to the system . They... | 47ed424baf816bfa2d04f2ff314695f8 | 20,175 |
= = Preparations and impact = =
| ba91aa14c8be2dd24cea83e65d7dc741 | 20,177 |
Owing to the abrupt nature of Abby 's development on August 7 , residents had little time to prepare for the storm . According to Irvin Velbrecht , " in the absence of aircraft reconnaissance and radar information , two reasonably new tools in storm detection , Abby could well have formed and approached the shore befo... | 87d79196fc3ac03f794db14f23d1bd59 | 20,179 |
Abby 's small size resulted in its effects being limited to areas within the immediate track . Sustained winds of 45 mph ( 75 km / h ) with gusts to 65 mph ( 100 km / h ) were measured by the Army Corps of Engineers in Matagorda . Near the town , a possible tornado unroofed a barn and tossed the structure 225 ft ( 69 ... | 521540e258f6baf0d87737cb3af0e51d | 20,180 |
Heavy rains accompanied the system across Texas . Most areas along the immediate track received at least 3 to 5 in ( 76 to 127 mm ) of rain , with a peak value of 6 @.@ 14 in ( 156 mm ) recorded at the Victoria International Airport . The hardest hit areas were in Jackson and Victoria counties where the heaviest rains... | f460bcc9c2eb3cb598d7245ccbb18745 | 20,181 |
= 7 Independent Company ( Rhodesia ) =
| fc7b4f78a994206d17cd98ba5cec3f3c | 20,184 |
7 Independent Company ( 7 Indep Coy ; French : 7ème Compagnie indépendante ) was a short @-@ lived company of francophone volunteers in the Rhodesian Army during the Rhodesian Bush War . Numbering about 200 men at its peak , it was unique in the history of the Rhodesian Army as an exclusively expatriate unit . It exis... | 9e54f5d220b90517eb9350ee59271093 | 20,186 |
During the Bush War , the Rhodesian Army augmented its ranks with foreign volunteers , who were accepted into regular regiments with the same pay and conditions of service as locals . Most foreign recruits enlisted in the Rhodesian Light Infantry ( RLI ) , which launched an overseas recruitment programme in 1974 , but... | 3c491b6b192c042792a5a52051b6afb3 | 20,187 |
The company 's men , a mixture of former French paratroopers , ex @-@ Foreign Legionnaires and young adventurers , had trouble from the start integrating with the Rhodesian forces , and became unsettled by the respective ranks they were given in the Rhodesian Army . In an attempt to raise their morale and create a str... | c67f9d9c64915decd774c11626f8f78f | 20,188 |
On operations their performance was generally below par , but the Frenchmen were involved in some successful actions during February and early March 1978 . Their oppressive treatment of the black villagers they encountered made them very unpopular in the operational area . The Rhodesians quickly deemed the experiment ... | 9dc4f27746b10330e6f75c2e9f41cec7 | 20,189 |
= = Background = =
| d514b18e9690308b2ac67a227be74a70 | 20,191 |
Following a dispute with the British government regarding terms for the granting of full independence , the predominantly white minority government of the self @-@ governing colony of Rhodesia ( or Southern Rhodesia ) , led by Ian Smith , unilaterally declared independence on 11 November 1965 . Britain and the United ... | a10eac2a943533d01a0f4b3500deb516 | 20,193 |
The Rhodesian Bush War was the result , beginning in earnest on 21 December 1972 when ZANLA attacked Altena and Whistlefield Farms near Centenary in the country 's north @-@ east . The Rhodesian Security Forces launched Operation Hurricane in response and fought back strongly , reducing the number of guerrillas active... | d42b6373e5313e3657b7f216e08ceb70 | 20,194 |
The Rhodesian Army , though mostly made up of local men , also included some foreign volunteers , who were integrated into regular units under the same salary and conditions of service . Almost all of the foreigners served in the Rhodesian Light Infantry ( RLI ) , a heliborne commando battalion with a glamorous intern... | b27c78d573b58e9d21b49db07046f937 | 20,195 |
= = Formation and training = =
| a3504efb1e7cb583063f7a44ec61806c | 20,197 |
The idea for a francophone unit came from a French national , François Cramer , who had business interests and connections in Rhodesia . He proposed it to Major @-@ General Sandy MacLean , then the Rhodesian Army 's second @-@ in @-@ command , while they were visiting France together . MacLean relayed the idea to the ... | 48d0a769e75ce75eeb7ab9f75c4f22b8 | 20,199 |
Recruitment was carried out by a former French paratrooper , Roger Bruni , operating from an apartment on Rue Bachaumont in central Paris . Advertisements , placed in newspapers such as France Soir , offered " a job with a future abroad ... minimum age 22 , former non @-@ commissioned officers preferred " . The body o... | be812412d8945ff2c9a81858b0b1c9ca | 20,200 |
Once signed up , each man was instructed to travel to Switzerland , where appropriate visas were swiftly procured from the South African Embassy . In early November 1977 , the French recruits flew from Zurich to Johannesburg on a South African Airways liner , then to Salisbury by Air Rhodesia . Already in Rhodesia wai... | 732743aca03c38e255842fcf6de2e868 | 20,201 |
According to an anonymous veteran of the unit , it mostly comprised recently discharged servicemen from the French forces who were having trouble adapting to civilian life . " They didn 't know how to do anything else , only how to jump with a parachute and obey orders , " he explained , " and they liked that kind of ... | 82407bd18c3cc1f1aa3a945c030d8270 | 20,202 |
The Rhodesian Army sought to forge a strong esprit de corps among the new recruits , and to this end extended them several sentimental allowances : for example , morale amongst the Frenchmen rose when they were informed that the Rhodesian insignia on their berets would be backed with the French tricolour . In a simila... | b7b3e5c8d3c480b312b54e401b78c3d9 | 20,203 |
Spirits were high during the unit 's brief training period as the men enjoyed playing sports , observing the country scenery and experiencing the night @-@ life of the nearby capital . They were not adequately trained , receiving only a basic medical examination , a few days ' fitness training and a cursory explanatio... | a6fde6d0e392d330b5085d39a66661e1 | 20,204 |
The first dent to morale came after about a week when the volunteers were first issued ranks in the Rhodesian Army . In the eyes of some of the French @-@ speaking soldiers , the ranks assigned appeared to have been chosen almost at random by their superiors , and did not reflect their actual respective levels of trai... | efead331d1d8e6aaa3da10252449a99d | 20,205 |
= = Service = =
| 74a6e74bb6776ec5bca6d2fa2727e14c | 20,207 |
= = = First bush trip = = =
| df2eef3f2be1ec4627fb3168f5f4b8f2 | 20,210 |
The francophone company was first deployed out of its barracks in late November 1977 , when it was sent to Bindura , about 88 kilometres ( 55 mi ) north @-@ east from Salisbury , for a few days in the bush on Operation Hurricane , the Army 's operational area which covered Rhodesia 's north @-@ east against guerrilla ... | 592156d89d9fa474f7a2376cb1d6aab1 | 20,212 |
A company of men from the Territorial Force was already stationed at Rusambo , advised by a team of intelligence officers . " Sticks " of four men ( three FN FAL riflemen and an MAG gunner ) would be sent out into the bush from Rusambo for periods of up to two weeks , equipped with a radio to communicate with the base... | 36b409fecdfc3ff023574a9b052a8584 | 20,213 |
At first , men from 7 Independent Company were sent out in sticks mixed with the Territorials , but problems soon arose regarding proper regimen and the language barrier . When the Frenchmen were then sent out alone , their Land Rovers prominently flying the French flag , the issue of language was resolved , but that ... | 88fa25abf3e1a0bea0d207bab02a0369 | 20,214 |
The Rhodesian Army quickly deemed the French experiment a failure . It reassigned 7 Independent Company in late November to Marymount Mission , a small settlement to the east of Rusambo where there was a minor police station . The number of patrols they would embark on was reduced . Two of the company 's vehicles were... | 54ab58bfc61faa7bcaa6cdc959c541eb | 20,215 |
= = = Strike = = =
| 5203c861df25c1d81976d91335d9be46 | 20,217 |
During their 15 @-@ day rest periods the company 's men congregated around the Belgian @-@ owned Elizabeth Hotel , in the centre of the city at the corner of Causeway and Manica Road . Many of them became seriously disaffected when they first received their salary from the Rhodesian Army . Having apparently been misle... | d6b3266dc01da948e72cb633e5225dbf | 20,219 |
The pay dispute split the unit . About two thirds went on strike , saying they would not return to action unless the Army upped their wages and paid them in foreign currency . Meanwhile , some of the more contented Frenchmen made steps to remain permanently , buying cars and having their wives join them in Salisbury .... | 4cbb8e5fdb36f0e69953f9bfc9e04ebf | 20,220 |
= = = Second bush trip ; dissolution = = =
| 6f38313373f7e924fb6a2660c60886ae | 20,222 |
Starting on 11 February 1978 , 7 Independent Company spent half a week at Mount Darwin , where there was a major Army base . The company acquitted themselves well during this time , but one of their number was badly injured in a motor accident . They returned to Rusambo , where the camp was now manned by the British S... | c59c3e9affeb4795d9e6b8c4436c3e4b | 20,224 |
Soon after this , two sticks from 7 Independent Company were despatched to Marymount , led by a deputy intelligence officer who began sending them out on more regular night patrols . The following months were a disaster for the locally based Rhodesian forces ; first one stick fired on another , causing an injury , the... | 62f5dc1466532d92ca24ceb7b7a2dc82 | 20,225 |
= = Legacy = =
| b4fa22c13235a44f06adb277883cbe5d | 20,227 |
Supported by the French , Rhodesian and South African governments and with Rhodesian logistical assistance , forces led by Denard took part in a coup d 'état in the Comoros later in May , toppling Ali Soilih ( who Denard had himself put into power three years earlier ) . The Comoros subsequently became a key location ... | d254cbffcf7588269c949e0e58d8e1cd | 20,229 |
Some 7 Independent Company men became civilians in Rhodesia , which was reconstituted as Zimbabwe in 1980 . Two of them , Gervais Henri Alfred Boutanquoi and Simon Marc Chemouil ( both former Foreign Legionnaires ) , were executed in April 1983 , despite a late plea from French authorities for clemency , having been f... | 659e6b97dc4ef7e32d0def3ac61b3c38 | 20,230 |
= Jenova Chen =
| 50e985d5821e3b5d177b24d09d849076 | 20,233 |
Xinghan Chen ( simplified Chinese : 陈星汉 ; traditional Chinese : 陳星漢 ; pinyin : Chén Xīnghàn ; born October 8 , 1981 ) , known professionally as Jenova Chen , is a Chinese video game designer . He is the designer of the award @-@ winning games Cloud , Flow , Flower , and Journey , and is co @-@ founder of Thatgamecompa... | 2e58734e25d15b09499be15bfec05885 | 20,235 |
As Chen was born in a culture other than the culture he now lives in , he tries to make games that appeal universally to all people . His goal with his games is to help video games mature as a medium by making games that inspire emotional responses in the player that other games are lacking . Although he and Thatgamec... | 50daa915b041b0b5fc6bf706b3a3e252 | 20,236 |
= = Biography = =
| f37d5df0802199f139f28a57214fa52b | 20,238 |
Chen was born in Shanghai on October 8 , 1981 , and lived there until 2003 . His parents were " a middle @-@ class family " , and his father worked in the software development industry , having previously worked on " one of the earliest giant computers in China " . Although Chen was interested in art and drawing as a ... | 3bef1e0b86dad8f40610d1ec7dc8fc3b | 20,240 |
He earned a degree in Computer Science & Engineering in Shanghai Jiao Tong University , which due to his background in computers he found " quite easy " , but describes himself as spending much of his time there teaching himself digital art and animation , and later did a minor in digital art and design at Donghua Uni... | c2262717f48aaa79bb0cd5e114d68a48 | 20,241 |
He then went to the United States to earn a master 's degree in the School of Cinematic Arts at the University of Southern California . Chen studied in the Interactive Media Program , a new division of the School of Cinematic Arts . His intention at the time was to use the degree to get the kind of job he wanted back ... | 7ab2658bb522ab1adc9f2a23e98b10c4 | 20,242 |
Chen felt that the reason that Cloud had been so warmly received was because the emotions it sparked in players were different than any other game available at the time , and believed that it was his " calling " to make more games that changed what people saw video games as . Chen went on to do his master 's thesis th... | fe66fa002e4578bddd1bb90ab7c6d37a | 20,243 |
After graduating , Chen and Santiago formed their own game company , Thatgamecompany , in Los Angeles where he still lives and signed a deal with Sony for three PlayStation Store games . The PS3 version of Flow was the first , and while it was in development Chen worked for Maxis on the game Spore . Upon Flow 's relea... | 2a706cafe5e91706ed0e7c5c45ada138 | 20,244 |
= = = Thatgamecompany = = =
| af3956a495f13eba9f4ed6d80082c186 | 20,246 |
The next game , Flower , was Chen and Thatgamecompany 's " first game outside the safety net of academia " . Chen was the creative director in charge of the game , while Santiago was the producer and Clark was the lead designer . The company ranged in size from six to nine people at varying stages of the game 's devel... | dd9f8a8e60cdbfbd73c453701c8e5f09 | 20,248 |
After Flower was released to critical praise and awards , Chen and Thatgamecompany moved on to their next game , Journey . Journey was intended by Chen to focus on the element of communication and social interaction in video games . Since in most games the communication between players is focused on specific goals , i... | 6429a7689b3908cb8833c1be850ca31b | 20,249 |
= = Influences and philosophy = =
| 3103fa5679023340163a2ed8152da633 | 20,251 |
Chen plays a wide variety of video games , but he names his greatest influences as Katamari Damacy , Ico and Shadow of the Colossus . He also names Final Fantasy VII as an influence , and the game that he took his adopted name from . He personally plays games " competitively " , including titles such as Street Fighter... | 7d1c40e220bdfdf2ab5f3b0894399070 | 20,253 |
When Chen quit Maxis to re @-@ join Thatgamecompany , he did so knowing that it would mean taking less pay and having a less stable career . He felt , though , that it was important to the industry and medium as a whole to create games that provoked different emotional responses in the player than just excitement or f... | 9f1608f42b27e37038fdcfbc9a64d094 | 20,254 |
= E. W. Hornung =
| e7901dc132c55801fcfb13ba7de34214 | 20,257 |
Ernest William Hornung ( 7 June 1866 – 22 March 1921 ) was an English author and poet known for writing the A. J. Raffles series of stories about a gentleman thief in late 19th @-@ century London . Hornung was educated at Uppingham School ; as a result of poor health he left the school in December 1883 to travel to Sy... | 3f6290d26d0bafd23c39acf39950bc8e | 20,259 |
In 1898 he wrote " In the Chains of Crime " , which introduced Raffles and his sidekick , Bunny Manders ; the characters were based partly on his friends Oscar Wilde and his lover , Lord Alfred Douglas , and also on Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson . The series of Raffles short stories were collected for sale in book fo... | 207634256fee8032086ac246a0f0f223 | 20,260 |
The First World War brought an end to Hornung 's fictional output . His son , Oscar , was killed at the Second Battle of Ypres in July 1915 . Hornung joined the YMCA , initially in England , then in France , where he helped run a canteen and library . He published two collections of poetry during the war , and then , ... | b614017b06c3b36e464ad0db72182aa1 | 20,261 |
Although much of Hornung 's work has fallen into obscurity , his Raffles stories continued to be popular , and have formed numerous film and television adaptations . Hornung 's stories dealt with a wider range of themes than crime : he examined scientific and medical developments , guilt , class and the unequal role p... | 7134daef0ef63920cfd492ba720105db | 20,262 |
= = Biography = =
| f37d5df0802199f139f28a57214fa52b | 20,264 |
= = = Early life : 1866 – 86 = = =
| 6eff63a2627818ddb79fae7f33ce985f | 20,267 |
Hornung was born Ernest William Hornung on 7 June 1866 at Cleveland Villas , Marton , Middlesbrough ; he was nicknamed Willie from an early age . He was the third son , and youngest of eight children , of John Peter Hornung ( 1821 – 86 ) and his wife Harriet née Armstrong ( 1824 – 96 ) . John was christened Johan Petr... | 42eec316840f6cc98a0aa8d69b33a64e | 20,269 |
When Hornung was 17 his health worsened ; he left Uppingham and travelled to Australia , where it was hoped by his family that the climate would be beneficial . On his arrival he was employed as a tutor to the Parsons family in Mossgiel in the Riverina , south @-@ western New South Wales . In addition to teaching , he... | d8b254a0c9090751e8100105d4b6d762 | 20,270 |
= = = Return to England : 1886 – 98 = = =
| af97e7d8728e3f8c6e0be58dcd0aec7f | 20,272 |
Hornung returned to England in February 1886 , before the death of his father in November . From a position of relative prosperity , John 's coal and iron business had encountered difficulties and he was in financially straitened circumstances by the time of his death . Hornung found work in London as a journalist and... | 647cc39d5377d39a715b8de7352d4c0b | 20,274 |
Hornung had worked on the novel manuscript he brought back from Australia and , between July and November 1890 , the story , " A Bride from the Bush " , was published in five parts in the Cornhill Magazine . It was also released that year as a book — his first . The story — described by Rowland as an " assured , grace... | 8eda1d6c25e0ef95b822b9c339781096 | 20,275 |
Hornung knew Doyle 's sister , Constance ( " Connie " ) Aimée Monica Doyle ( 1868 – 1924 ) , whom he had met when he visited Portugal . Connie was described by Doyle 's biographer , Andrew Lycett , as being attractive , " with pre @-@ Raphaelite looks ... the most sought @-@ after of the Doyle daughters " . By Decembe... | 0d43cb924361de28d2c2ca1830660299 | 20,276 |
Like Hornung 's first novel , Tiny Luttrell had Australia as a backdrop and also used the plot device of an Australian woman in a culturally alien environment . The Australian theme was present in his next four novels : The Boss of Taroomba ( 1894 ) , The Unbidden Guest ( 1894 ) , Irralie 's Bushranger ( 1896 ) and Th... | 9a6c708554159fd8f72e3932167c8348 | 20,277 |
= = = Introducing Raffles : 1898 – 1914 = = =
| 143dd013f26884e28c449fe85cf3f538 | 20,279 |
In 1898 Hornung 's mother died , aged 72 and he dedicated his next book , a series of short stories titled Some Persons Unknown , to her memory . Later that year Hornung and his wife visited Italy for six months , staying in Posillipo ; his account of the location appeared in an article of the May 1899 edition of Corn... | 9ab0736a325724004e89bffac1fff656 | 20,281 |
The fictional character Stingaree proved to be a prototype of a character Hornung used in a series of six short stories published in 1898 in Cassell 's Magazine , A. J. Raffles . The character was modelled on George Cecil Ives , a Cambridge @-@ educated criminologist and talented cricketer who , like Raffles , was a r... | 1395c46065b8dcfb0435328b42efc7f8 | 20,282 |
After publishing two novels , Dead Men Don 't Tell Tales in 1899 and Peccavi in 1900 , Hornung published a second collection of Raffles stories , The Black Mask , in 1901 . The nearly broke Manders is told to apply for the post of a nurse to an elderly invalid , who then reveals himself to be Raffles , who , as Mander... | f8ab9a564b27acd6e183ff0804c42f5d | 20,283 |
In 1903 Hornung collaborated with Eugène Presbrey to write a four @-@ act play , Raffles , The Amateur Cracksman , which was based on two previously published short stories , " Gentlemen and Players " and " The Return Match " . The play was first performed at the Princess Theatre , New York , on 27 October 1903 with K... | 86ea1de20ace5f732d2c6caaf3035f73 | 20,284 |
In 1905 , after publishing four other books in the interim , Hornung brought back the character Stingaree , previously seen in Irralie 's Bushranger . Later that year he responded to public demand and produced a third series of short Raffles stories in A Thief in the Night , in which Manders relates some of his and Ra... | f7146dc1eec613b0faa318fdf46c534d | 20,285 |
Hornung turned away from Raffles thereafter , and in February 1911 published The Camera Fiend , a thriller whose narrator is an asthmatic cricket enthusiast with an ironmaster father , much as Hornung was himself . The story concerned the attempts of a scientist to photograph the soul as it left the body . Hornung fol... | 13a8f89ba0b8f49c95746dac51674348 | 20,286 |
= = = First World War and aftermath = = =
| bb81dcd53706d061130472d8fcbac005 | 20,288 |
Oscar Hornung left Eton College in 1914 , intending to enter King 's College , Cambridge later that year . When Britain entered the war against Germany , he volunteered , and was commissioned into the Essex Regiment . He was killed at the Second Battle of Ypres on 6 July 1915 , aged 20 . Although heartbroken by the lo... | 62baa4d509970726b036f9043806af20 | 20,290 |
In July 1917 Hornung 's poem , " Wooden Crosses " , was published in The Times , and in September , " Bond and Free " appeared . Towards the end of the year , he was accepted as a volunteer in a YMCA canteen and library " a short distance behind the Front Line " . During his service in Arras , in February 1918 he borr... | fb35118c63ebeb4e4e0c15fdb8f09cd1 | 20,291 |
= = = Death and legacy = = =
| c9a688a56a39a228919c74a8d3c91994 | 20,293 |
Hornung finished his work with the YMCA and returned to England probably in early 1919 , according to Rowland . He worked on a new novel but was hampered by poor health . His wife 's health was of even greater concern , so in February 1921 they took a holiday in the south of France to recuperate . He fell ill on the t... | b94a08a425e1253b0ea6e5752d83a865 | 20,295 |
When Hornung had still been courting Doyle 's sister , Doyle wrote that " I like young Willie Hornung very much ... he is one of the sweetest @-@ natured and most delicate @-@ minded men I ever knew " . Honouring him after his death , Doyle wrote that he " was a Dr. [ Samuel ] Johnson without the learning but with a f... | 77a008233d2eeb8b573dc80d1413b08a | 20,296 |
Much of Hornung 's work fell out of favour as time passed ; Rowland observed that " all of Hornung 's other works have been forgotten , with the possible exception of Stingaree , but the cricketing Cracksman continues to enthral " . The idea of a criminal as a positive character was one of Hornung 's legacies , and Tw... | e5f692622d4c2952bb4f276e867ea236 | 20,297 |
The character continued in book form : the writer Philip Atkey , under the pseudonym Barry Perowne , obtained permission from the Hornung estate to continue the Raffles stories , and seven more novels followed between 1933 and 1940 , with Raffles transformed from a gentleman thief to a tough adventurer . Perowne conti... | 58f1d46e442cc0dffdb116f53a91e494 | 20,298 |
There were several Raffles films made during Hornung 's lifetime , Further films followed in the years after his death , including Raffles , the Amateur Cracksman ( 1925 ) , with House Peters , Sr. ; Raffles ( 1930 ) , featuring Ronald Colman ; The Return of Raffles ( 1933 ) , with George Barraud ; and Raffles ( 1939 ... | 82b0081fd71fcb802507422f80917883 | 20,299 |
The BBC has dramatised some of Hornung 's Raffles stories for radio , first in the 1940s and again in the 1990s , when Nigel Havers played Raffles . In 1977 Anthony Valentine played the thief , and Christopher Strauli his partner , in a Yorkshire Television series . A 2001 TV version , The Gentleman Thief , adapted th... | 1015060c93694ec2e03f6e075fe8f421 | 20,300 |
= = Writing = =
| f6a62d7cf1777b6d8c7a857c438326a7 | 20,302 |
= = = Style and technique = = =
| 765bc4458044cb0f41d8e999964d1ac5 | 20,305 |
Hornung 's prose is widely admired for its lucid @-@ yet @-@ simple style . Oliver Edwards , writing in The Times , considered that " not the least attractive part of the Raffles books is the simple , plain , unaffected language in which each one of them is written " . The obituarist in the same newspaper agrees , and... | 4e27a2ba6247e2b9965902dfbe597251 | 20,307 |
Critics have observed that Hornung 's stories and novels are well @-@ structured . George Orwell wrote that Hornung was " a very conscientious and on his level a very able writer . Anyone who cares for sheer efficiency must admire his work " . Watson states that Hornung 's " writing has pace . The stories , however ri... | 0afec61f4bc1388efbe9566bdbf61d7c | 20,308 |
Hornung 's approach to characters differed from other contemporary authors . Cox notes that Hornung " frequently chose to write from the perspective of the criminal " , and while many of Hornung 's novels contained criminal activity as a major element of the plot , the critic for Contemporary Authors states that the w... | 933790ee3202146f597c82acd51ade89 | 20,309 |
= = = Major themes = = =
| 070a06324afa2f478c5cd6ba1c38987c | 20,311 |
The academic Nick Rance identifies three categories of Raffles stories : " the rise of the New Woman " , in which Raffles either escapes from romantic entanglements , or uses the infatuations of a woman in order to achieve his aims ; " the rise of the plutocracy " , in which Raffles steals from the nouveau riche as mu... | bbd16c0f4a1bdd0aaa2a45149c19dd8b | 20,313 |
Hornung kept abreast of scientific and medical developments , and was keen to incorporate them into his stories which , the critic for Contemporary Authors states , shows Hornung had " a streak of modernity and decided interest in new ideas " . The Camera Fiend uses the modern technology of the camera as an instrument... | 8ad11374f037aa314ff536a0eca97c67 | 20,314 |
Throughout the Raffles stories patriotism runs as an intermittent theme — to such an extent that the writer William Vivian Butler describes him as a " super @-@ patriot " . In the course of the short story " A Jubilee Present " Raffles , celebrating Queen Victoria 's diamond jubilee , steals a gold cup from the Britis... | 97084c5f4454f219670a8ba97c10831d | 20,315 |
Some of Hornung 's novels , including The Shadow of the Rope , No Hero and The Thousandth Woman , are notable for " portraying women in a rather modern , favorable light " , according to the critic for Contemporary Authors , showing concern for their unequal position in society . Cox identifies a theme of guilt runnin... | 92a6cd63b1b17385e77a6e11737a10ba | 20,316 |
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