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For the first two years that Midge was sold , she had " straight legs " that could not bend at the knee . A rare Midge with teeth was sold the first year and is now sought after by collectors . One year later , in 1964 the dolls that were sold had slightly longer hair . Midge 's boyfriend Allan arrived as well . Early... | 74cb727d490d9cc49ba33d03ae77de22 | 36,019 |
= = Return = =
| b5c70076a4d71f4a4c80f119f1de0949 | 36,021 |
From her introduction to until 1967 , Midge was marketed as Barbie 's original best friend , but no dolls were sold for about 20 years until 1988 , when California Dream Midge was sold as part of a beach line , which used the " Steffie " mold . The same " Steffie " mold was used for Cool Times Midge in 1989 . In 1990 ... | 57d6c83b64ec0a23aa0ee5e5312a8c96 | 36,023 |
A 35th anniversary Midge reproduction doll was sold in 1998 for collectors , made to look like the vintage Midge dolls . She had red hair , was dressed in her original orange and lime two @-@ piece swimming suit , and came with a reproduction of the Senior Prom outfit from 1964 โ 1965 as well as a reproduction of the ... | 79f6b876bc317d30b134fedf6788e4ca | 36,024 |
In 2013 , Midge appeared on the webseries Barbie : Life in the Dreamhouse where it is revealed that she has moved to Malibu . With this , her canon has been changed extensively , and she is a teenager who is retro at heart and still uses old @-@ fangled terms . The whole ' Happy Family ' canon has been dropped altoget... | 0a621f612cfa42378158b2a065ef0053 | 36,025 |
= = " Happy Family " line = =
| 7e34751749ea75a629ec508cd50cb65c | 36,027 |
The year after Midge and Alan were married , a picture of the couple with twin babies was shown in a pamphlet , but the dolls were never produced . However , in 2003 , she and Alan were re @-@ introduced with a family consisting of them and three different kids , three @-@ year @-@ old Ryan , and newborn baby Nikki . ... | 640c6a8b2353c5b66f5b06eabc4b7f4f | 36,029 |
Midge was sold " pregnant " with Nikki , who was a tiny baby inside Midge 's magnetic removable womb . This led to some controversy with some consumers saying that the doll was inappropriate for children , or that it promoted teen pregnancy . Another cause for this controversy was that Midge did not initially have a w... | 1406f622abb476b614b192ba537ff276 | 36,030 |
Later , around Nikki 's first birthday , Midge was " pregnant " again with another child , who wasn 't named or given a specific gender , as the gender was a surprise when the owner opened the doll 's box . Midge 's new baby was later named Cassandra . Midge has two known parents who are simply called " Grandpa " and ... | 32cf259d5d3312de985ebfc3b4e637f2 | 36,031 |
= = Head Molds = =
| 892dd0d77e6962946eb82b978219e1b2 | 36,033 |
Midge 's first appearance was made with her own headmold , Vintage Midge
| e464729e4e037e3bcee764c9560a382c | 36,035 |
Later , we have Midge using DIVA ( by Barbie and the Rockers ) headmold
| c37e3f74b3d16dbebd4e890285716ec2 | 36,036 |
Before Teresa made her debut , Midge used Steffie headmold
| 2398cabf3a4f93a88ccdd627ef38c345 | 36,037 |
Midge comes and goes so many times , but with her 50th birthday , she returns with the Steffie headmold
| ef40a2d5cb71b918621a4c1da957126f | 36,038 |
Florida Midge uses Mackie headmold .
| 19eff2ad34c22dcbabb1dbc0973ee4df | 36,039 |
= The Tempest ( album ) =
| 51925624c5b5cf06dfe09b5ff28da377 | 36,042 |
The Tempest is the tenth studio album by American hip hop duo Insane Clown Posse . Released in 2007 , the album marks the return of producer Mike E. Clark , who had a falling @-@ out with the duo in 2000 . However , he did not collaborate directly with ICP , and would not do so until their 2009 album Bang ! Pow ! Boom... | 469a0f73b52f3a7f9aaee40ae8fada0b | 36,044 |
The album 's concept compares a violent storm to a roller coaster ; its lyrical themes vary from horrorcore @-@ based character deconstructions and songs about the supernatural to humorous and lighter subject matter . Clark 's production was praised by critics , and the album peaked at # 20 on the Billboard 200 . It i... | 9cdeebcbf698619ff466bad3dc3c048e | 36,045 |
= = History = =
| fd3fc667e330e6e3944a4f085f9ef39d | 36,047 |
Mike E. Clark produced much of Insane Clown Posse 's discography , as well as working with other groups on Psychopathic Records , until having a falling @-@ out with ICP in 2000 , after completing ICP 's album 's Bizaar and Bizzar , and beginning production on the Dark Lotus debut album Tales from the Lotus Pod .
| 7d81a98a7dc74480522eb993f14544bd | 36,049 |
After becoming a full @-@ time producer for Kid Rock , Clark contracted pneumonia , but ignored the illness , and began coughing severely as he awoke , leading to a three @-@ month stay in Mount Clemens General Hospital , during which one of his lungs collapsed three times . As the result of his near @-@ death experie... | 85677cb3099e40e25a60654663012f94 | 36,050 |
= = Music and lyrics = =
| a323b4ac7aaf498ff0389ccc0c9ef174 | 36,052 |
Unlike previous Insane Clown Posse albums , The Tempest is not connected to the Dark Carnival mythology , which formed the basis for ICP 's " Joker 's Cards " series , which began in 1992 with Carnival of Carnage and concluded with the albums The Wraith : Shangri @-@ La and Hell 's Pit ; however , it references themes... | 9ee40f0c633c1417c3ca29668550fed2 | 36,054 |
The Tempest maintains much of the horrorcore lyrical content ICP is known for , as well as their humorous perspective . Unlike previous albums , this album does not contain any disses aimed at other rappers or music industry figures . Bruce and Joseph Utsler ( Shaggy 2 Dope ) ' s rapping on this album is described by ... | 20339c496c30a824c276f4419e63dd23 | 36,055 |
The lyrics of " Growing Again " , which describes Violent J growing into a giant , were inspired by Bruce 's weight gain ; Bruce also says that the song reflects the feeling of being able to " rap about anything we want [ ... ] I feel we have the right for some songs to be softer and not about killing or Dark Carnival... | 6da33de376ee6b01f44608b5c2e72ca9 | 36,056 |
Mike E. Clark 's production incorporates elements of rock and heavy metal , as well as live instrumentation . Reviewer Lana Cooper of PopMatters compares " Ride the Tempest " to Flock of Seagulls , and describes the instrumentation as incorporating elements of synthesizers and calliope . Cooper says that " Growing Aga... | 1640a6a0465ad5114d1d30d95d428857 | 36,057 |
= = Release and reception = =
| 19921e070bb07338a9bb1c4e1d93031f | 36,059 |
The album was released with a bonus poster . The Tempest debuted at # 20 on the U.S. Billboard 200 , selling about 33 @,@ 000 copies in its first week . Reviews from Allmusic and PopMatters generally appraised Mike E. Clark 's production as the album 's most appealing element . Allmusic 's David Jeffries wrote , " the... | d8fd074156f34d3b8195a1b7ed7abcb5 | 36,061 |
= = Track listing = =
| 72495df880382348360bb3e5f3082d84 | 36,063 |
= = Chart positions = =
| 2a4f35557587fd934d6216cad879f837 | 36,066 |
= = Personnel = =
| 7a6d26083ea635088dddefc202021790 | 36,069 |
Joseph Bruce โ vocals , composer
| d9114af667a9f7524b6d0626789a38b0 | 36,071 |
Shaggy 2 Dope โ vocals , scratching
| 3874e207cb8b4dc09ae0027a4dc19332 | 36,072 |
Mike E. Clark โ composer , engineer , mixing , producer , programming
| f62851c7d1212933d1015e22c76a8491 | 36,073 |
Jeffrey Campo โ mastering
| b20c3ad3c7ea13733d17371b82847089 | 36,074 |
Brian Debler โ artwork , cover design
| a044afc081144f25adb7af1bfb2affed | 36,075 |
DJ Clay โ scratching , vocals
| 6d881021160ebe60ff0a4ad0de6472d7 | 36,076 |
Insane Clown Posse โ composer , vocals
| 6b84e77ddddaf653ab07b08e586314d8 | 36,077 |
James Mitchell โ vocals
| af541b8de9df283c6a49f0c907caef39 | 36,078 |
The R.O.C. โ vocals , background vocals
| 59b87014514a7624755660c65e4a0034 | 36,079 |
Razor Ray โ guitar , soloist , vocals , background vocals
| eb82b317063d7b6b91a0f8ff9aa8d22d | 36,080 |
Michael Scotta โ artwork , cover design
| 7e337a5a413ade591be05cd986e99961 | 36,081 |
Cindy Wulkan โ artwork , cover design
| 87814a92b334eacc7c9cde45ebb527ac | 36,082 |
= Star =
| 3395f19ea412f2bb62db9bac038f52aa | 36,085 |
A star is a luminous sphere of plasma held together by its own gravity . The nearest star to Earth is the Sun . Many other stars are visible to the naked eye from Earth during the night , appearing as a multitude of fixed luminous points in the sky due to their immense distance from Earth . Historically , the most pro... | d66fb048bae911e09b61c5ea47b29093 | 36,087 |
For at least a portion of its life , a star shines due to thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium in its core , releasing energy that traverses the star 's interior and then radiates into outer space . Almost all naturally occurring elements heavier than helium are created by stellar nucleosynthesis during the st... | b7c4022f654f3e27738dd05b034c2b8c | 36,088 |
A star 's life begins with the gravitational collapse of a gaseous nebula of material composed primarily of hydrogen , along with helium and trace amounts of heavier elements . When the stellar core is sufficiently dense , hydrogen becomes steadily converted into helium through nuclear fusion , releasing energy in the... | bfaab85949c9790d07ff263dcb4f79a9 | 36,089 |
Binary and multi @-@ star systems consist of two or more stars that are gravitationally bound and generally move around each other in stable orbits . When two such stars have a relatively close orbit , their gravitational interaction can have a significant impact on their evolution . Stars can form part of a much larg... | 49ee558256f863674b32ed128a1aa511 | 36,090 |
= = Observation history = =
| 5b041954299bea89c232fc6fc6216690 | 36,092 |
Historically , stars have been important to civilizations throughout the world . They have been part of religious practices and used for celestial navigation and orientation . Many ancient astronomers believed that stars were permanently affixed to a heavenly sphere and that they were immutable . By convention , astro... | bba1b1e9b5c2c3de3fe5aecaa72a869d | 36,094 |
The oldest accurately dated star chart was the result of ancient Egyptian astronomy in 1534 BC . The earliest known star catalogues were compiled by the ancient Babylonian astronomers of Mesopotamia in the late 2nd millennium BC , during the Kassite Period ( ca . 1531 โ 1155 BC ) .
| 7c8a1cbca4c0f4a29a5ef679cd345783 | 36,095 |
The first star catalogue in Greek astronomy was created by Aristillus in approximately 300 BC , with the help of Timocharis . The star catalog of Hipparchus ( 2nd century BC ) included 1020 stars , and was used to assemble Ptolemy 's star catalogue . Hipparchus is known for the discovery of the first recorded nova ( n... | 2ba9d7bd2b5d95e613d3aaa507150eaa | 36,096 |
In spite of the apparent immutability of the heavens , Chinese astronomers were aware that new stars could appear . In 185 AD , they were the first to observe and write about a supernova , now known as the SN 185 . The brightest stellar event in recorded history was the SN 1006 supernova , which was observed in 1006 a... | 2523e47d656ca78943c474e781c0715c | 36,097 |
Medieval Islamic astronomers gave Arabic names to many stars that are still used today and they invented numerous astronomical instruments that could compute the positions of the stars . They built the first large observatory research institutes , mainly for the purpose of producing Zij star catalogues . Among these ,... | 36776251315465e2157535b8b3f7cbcd | 36,098 |
According to Josep Puig , the Andalusian astronomer Ibn Bajjah proposed that the Milky Way was made up of many stars that almost touched one another and appeared to be a continuous image due to the effect of refraction from sublunary material , citing his observation of the conjunction of Jupiter and Mars on 500 AH ( ... | 4b28ff521bd842442a62ea4028dca426 | 36,099 |
The Italian astronomer Geminiano Montanari recorded observing variations in luminosity of the star Algol in 1667 . Edmond Halley published the first measurements of the proper motion of a pair of nearby " fixed " stars , demonstrating that they had changed positions since the time of the ancient Greek astronomers Ptol... | 6b19f03874f79d3eff3374dd742cb3a1 | 36,100 |
William Herschel was the first astronomer to attempt to determine the distribution of stars in the sky . During the 1780s he established a series of gauges in 600 directions and counted the stars observed along each line of sight . From this he deduced that the number of stars steadily increased toward one side of the... | 49319520419695e1a99fcc08a1a6f121 | 36,101 |
The science of stellar spectroscopy was pioneered by Joseph von Fraunhofer and Angelo Secchi . By comparing the spectra of stars such as Sirius to the Sun , they found differences in the strength and number of their absorption lines โ the dark lines in a stellar spectra caused by the atmosphere 's absorption of specif... | db19de7e3c4b19e8dc8ea3bbd0039409 | 36,102 |
The first direct measurement of the distance to a star ( 61 Cygni at 11 @.@ 4 light @-@ years ) was made in 1838 by Friedrich Bessel using the parallax technique . Parallax measurements demonstrated the vast separation of the stars in the heavens . Observation of double stars gained increasing importance during the 19... | c30185fd6593309a4220bfef80c8726c | 36,103 |
Important theoretical work on the physical structure of stars occurred during the first decades of the twentieth century . In 1913 , the Hertzsprung @-@ Russell diagram was developed , propelling the astrophysical study of stars . Successful models were developed to explain the interiors of stars and stellar evolution... | 14a3441f29d6721c43b6ab4fa4f0c149 | 36,104 |
With the exception of supernovae , individual stars have primarily been observed in the Local Group , and especially in the visible part of the Milky Way ( as demonstrated by the detailed star catalogues available for our galaxy ) . But some stars have been observed in the M100 galaxy of the Virgo Cluster , about 100 ... | 058e57bee7719580b11a97bdbdd86756 | 36,105 |
= = Designations = =
| 4144cf2faafe3c65ce4689aa6134dff2 | 36,107 |
The concept of a constellation was known to exist during the Babylonian period . Ancient sky watchers imagined that prominent arrangements of stars formed patterns , and they associated these with particular aspects of nature or their myths . Twelve of these formations lay along the band of the ecliptic and these beca... | 528dd4aaa3a4d785ab056dfc1b650abb | 36,109 |
As well as certain constellations and the Sun itself , individual stars have their own myths . To the Ancient Greeks , some " stars " , known as planets ( Greek ฯฮปฮฑฮฝฮฎฯฮทฯ ( planฤtฤs ) , meaning " wanderer " ) , represented various important deities , from which the names of the planets Mercury , Venus , Mars , Jupiter ... | 0cb722b5caa6d1c88cacbd1e044026a7 | 36,110 |
Circa 1600 , the names of the constellations were used to name the stars in the corresponding regions of the sky . The German astronomer Johann Bayer created a series of star maps and applied Greek letters as designations to the stars in each constellation . Later a numbering system based on the star 's right ascensio... | f1deb7d21944c8d2f49c0eb7d3b44e02 | 36,111 |
The only internationally recognized authority for naming celestial bodies is the International Astronomical Union ( IAU ) . A number of private companies sell names of stars , which the British Library calls an unregulated commercial enterprise . The IAU has disassociated itself from this commercial practice , and the... | f02b8baad266f3a12990bb1deb2863fb | 36,112 |
= = Units of measurement = =
| 84155725ac871f6ffd6c4ebf44c4c342 | 36,114 |
Although stellar parameters can be expressed in SI units or CGS units , it is often most convenient to express mass , luminosity , and radii in solar units , based on the characteristics of the Sun :
| 32973295f4136c2e3779166e8e968674 | 36,116 |
Large lengths , such as the radius of a giant star or the semi @-@ major axis of a binary star system , are often expressed in terms of the astronomical unit โ approximately equal to the mean distance between the Earth and the Sun ( 150 million km or 93 million miles ) .
| bf0777621e3a64dbbb5656aea31379f9 | 36,117 |
= = Formation and evolution = =
| f12ed447b49a473d2caa81c5a7a9d431 | 36,119 |
Stars condense from regions of space of higher density , yet those regions are less dense than within a vacuum chamber . These regions - known as molecular clouds - consist mostly of hydrogen , with about 23 to 28 percent helium and a few percent heavier elements . One example of such a star @-@ forming region is the ... | 8eadd625500eb0a1cb081d85e1abb25c | 36,121 |
All stars spend the majority of their existence as main sequence stars , fueled primarily by the nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium within their cores . However , stars of different masses have markedly different properties at various stages of their development . The ultimate fate of more massive stars differs fr... | 8b38c87cc4c05b886ed5014858e091cf | 36,122 |
Very low mass stars , with masses below 0 @.@ 5 M โ , are fully convective and distribute helium evenly throughout the whole star while on the main sequence . Therefore , they never undergo shell burning , never become red giants , which cease fusing and become helium white dwarfs and slowly cool after exhausting thei... | f7700e2d3fdbcd27d10eac0b711dde23 | 36,123 |
Low mass stars ( including the Sun ) , with a mass between 0 @.@ 5 M โ and 1 @.@ 8 โ 2 @.@ 5 M โ depending on composition , do become red giants as their core hydrogen is depleted and they begin to burn helium in core in a helium flash ; they develop a degenerate carbon @-@ oxygen core later on the asymptotic giant br... | 8ed6049d51d97f6d55cd74b8320d632d | 36,124 |
Intermediate @-@ mass stars , between 1 @.@ 8 โ 2 @.@ 5 M โ and 5 โ 10 M โ , pass through evolutionary stages similar to low mass stars , but after a relatively short period on the RGB they ignite helium without a flash and spend an extended period in the red clump before forming a degenerate carbon @-@ oxygen core . ... | 7ffa926ead3fb197b7be6d3391ef6d7e | 36,125 |
Massive stars generally have a minimum mass of 7 โ 10 M โ ( possibly as low as 5 โ 6 M โ ) . After exhausting the hydrogen at the core these stars become supergiants and go on to fuse elements heavier than helium . They end their lives when their cores collapse and they explode as supernovae .
| 42376693fa219da84606920bd1164c9b | 36,126 |
= = = Star formation = = =
| 5a11edadd08e8994d1b7117a86bdba75 | 36,128 |
The formation of a star begins with gravitational instability within a molecular cloud , caused by regions of higher density - often triggered by compression of clouds by radiation from massive stars , expanding bubbles in the interstellar medium , the collision of different molecular clouds , or the collision of gala... | 207fd6bd4ed8a8ed497752eaa80ff746 | 36,130 |
As the cloud collapses , individual conglomerations of dense dust and gas form " Bok globules " . As a globule collapses and the density increases , the gravitational energy converts into heat and the temperature rises . When the protostellar cloud has approximately reached the stable condition of hydrostatic equilibr... | dd9a6a0556c33edb764c1fca2adf6f03 | 36,131 |
Early stars of less than 2 M โ are called T Tauri stars , while those with greater mass are Herbig Ae / Be stars . These newly formed stars emit jets of gas along their axis of rotation , which may reduce the angular momentum of the collapsing star and result in small patches of nebulosity known as Herbig โ Haro objec... | 526159ba0ec9136afd580ea4084fb41e | 36,132 |
Early in their development , T Tauri stars follow the Hayashi track โ they contract and decrease in luminosity while remaining at roughly the same temperature . Less massive T Tauri stars follow this track to the main sequence , while more massive stars turn onto the Henyey track .
| ec720a203bb9ef63e56e9a702f70dd8a | 36,133 |
Most stars are observed to be members of binary star systems , and the properties of those binaries are the result of the conditions in which they formed . A gas cloud must lose its angular momentum in order to collapse and form a star . The fragmentation of the cloud into multiple stars distributes some of that angul... | dbdf65aa24843adfff4f489346aedaa5 | 36,134 |
= = = Main sequence = = =
| 182e65f33ece8a89c3eac177d6d82ea8 | 36,136 |
Stars spend about 90 % of their existence fusing hydrogen into helium in high @-@ temperature and high @-@ pressure reactions near the core . Such stars are said to be on the main sequence , and are called dwarf stars . Starting at zero @-@ age main sequence , the proportion of helium in a star 's core will steadily i... | 51c19077014481484877c39ad910fdf9 | 36,138 |
Every star generates a stellar wind of particles that causes a continual outflow of gas into space . For most stars , the mass lost is negligible . The Sun loses 10 โ 14 M โ every year , or about 0 @.@ 01 % of its total mass over its entire lifespan . However , very massive stars can lose 10 โ 7 to 10 โ 5 M โ each yea... | 97aed11bb9786c3a6e21b6027ef30c8f | 36,139 |
The time a star spends on the main sequence depends primarily on the amount of fuel it has and the rate at which it fuses it . The Sun 's is expected to live 10 billion ( 1010 ) years . Massive stars consume their fuel very rapidly and are short @-@ lived . Low mass stars consume their fuel very slowly . Stars less ma... | 1a9bfc17443f1aba5833095f1dcb1e4d | 36,140 |
Besides mass , the elements heavier than helium can play a significant role in the evolution of stars . Astronomers label all elements heavier than helium " metals " , and call the chemical concentration of these elements in a star , its metallicity . A star 's metallicity can influence the time the star takes to burn... | 4eb10c59277e01f382b71543f574900b | 36,141 |
= = = Post โ main sequence = = =
| da05eafc7bc30671f6311cc760d7578f | 36,143 |
As stars of at least 0 @.@ 4 M โ exhaust their supply of hydrogen at their core , they start to fuse hydrogen in a shell outside the helium core . Their outer layers expand and cool greatly as they form a red giant . In about 5 billion years , when the Sun enters the helium burning phase , it will expand to a maximum ... | 1d575ad552c94fbadd7853e207744817 | 36,145 |
As the hydrogen shell burning produces more helium , the core increases in mass and temperature . In a red giant of up to 2 @.@ 25 M โ , the mass of the helium core becomes degenerate prior to helium fusion . Finally , when the temperature increases sufficiently , helium fusion begins explosively in what is called a h... | 467e59710bd873683070135c377a53d1 | 36,146 |
After the star has fused the helium of its core , the carbon product fuses producing a hot core with an outer shell of fusing helium . The star then follows an evolutionary path called the asymptotic giant branch ( AGB ) that parallels the other described red giant phase , but with a higher luminosity . The more massi... | 00cd2186fa746e68d88521bcdec5f6ac | 36,147 |
= = = = Massive stars = = = =
| 58869b3e22ebb4da6b5c5bd8524a6d7e | 36,149 |
During their helium @-@ burning phase , stars of more than nine solar masses expand to form red supergiants . When this fuel is exhausted at the core , they continue to fuse elements heavier than helium .
| 02e5511e66836db2ec421c1fcd08fda3 | 36,151 |
The core contracts and the temperature and pressure rises enough to fuse carbon ( see Carbon burning process ) . This process continues , with the successive stages being fueled by neon ( see neon burning process ) , oxygen ( see oxygen burning process ) , and silicon ( see silicon burning process ) . Near the end of ... | 0006d4b5d97b7b27d1dd665a740583b6 | 36,152 |
The final stage occurs when a massive star begins producing iron . Since iron nuclei are more tightly bound than any heavier nuclei , any fusion beyond iron does not produce a net release of energy . To a very limited degree such a process proceeds , but it consumes energy . Likewise , since they are more tightly boun... | 883127b5308a95775957acc9931892bb | 36,153 |
= = = = Collapse = = = =
| 400941fe24ae26a3a707ce2b53398b0b | 36,155 |
As a star 's core shrinks , the intensity of radiation from that surface increases , creating such radiation pressure on the outer shell of gas that it will push those layers away , forming a planetary nebula . If what remains after the outer atmosphere has been shed is less than 1 @.@ 4 M โ , it shrinks to a relative... | 690964ea5e679b6fbe2378a0c8073c34 | 36,157 |
In larger stars , fusion continues until the iron core has grown so large ( more than 1 @.@ 4 M โ ) that it can no longer support its own mass . This core will suddenly collapse as its electrons are driven into its protons , forming neutrons , neutrinos , and gamma rays in a burst of electron capture and inverse beta ... | eecf29650eb5806d441afbd95c244779 | 36,158 |
A supernova explosion blows away the star 's outer layers , leaving a remnant such as the Crab Nebula . The core is compressed into a neutron star , which sometimes manifests itself as a pulsar or X @-@ ray burster . In the case of the largest stars , the remnant is a black hole greater than 4 M โ ) s . In a neutron s... | de3bf820bfb97a955400c3dbaa6a6410 | 36,159 |
The blown @-@ off outer layers of dying stars include heavy elements , which may be recycled during the formation of new stars . These heavy elements allow the formation of rocky planets . The outflow from supernovae and the stellar wind of large stars play an important part in shaping the interstellar medium .
| 08894d675ae67f2324ba043bfc87f981 | 36,160 |
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