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__label__wiki	0.616575	0.616575	ABOUT CLV Understanding Customer Contributions The Concept of Customer Lifetime Value How Can CLV Benefit Firms? Typical Drivers of CLV How Can CLV Be Maximized? Select Case Studies CLV Models CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT SUITE Extending the Power of CLV Customer Brand Value Customer Influence Value Customer Referral Value Business Reference Value Customer Knowledge Value CVT & FIRM VALUE Connecting CVT & Firm Value Augmented Customer Value Identify Indirect Customer Value Contribution Create Portfolio of Customers Identify Value Segments and Augmented Customer Value Maximize Indirect Value Contribution Relationship Strategy Interaction Strategy Engagement Strategy CLV PRINCIPLES FOUND IN Building on CLV Principles Salesperson Lifetime Value Employee Engagement Value Donor Lifetime Value CLV KNOWLEDGE DR. V. KUMAR Brief Resume Full Vitae Academic & Professional Honors Legends in Marketing Series VKCLV Mediavkclv2017-09-15T16:35:24+00:00 Research Talks & Presentations First purchase value and CLV Professor V Kumar's talk on Social Media. Should you fire your customers? Loyalty programmes. Editors' Perspectives: V. Kumar on Challenges of JM. 2016 Distinguished Dean’s Scholar: V.Kumar. Creating and Communicating Enduring Customer Value Murali, D. (2009, February 10). How I got into marketing. Retrieved July 25, 2017 AIM-AMA Sheth Foundation Doctoral Consortium Professor V Kumar on DMEF's Value to Academics. Dr V. Kumar PhD - Profitable Customer Engagement - Columbia. Murali, D. (2009, February 10). First purchase value and CLV. Retrieved July 25, 2017 Professor V Kumar's talk on Social Media. (2012, February 02). Retrieved July 25, 2017, from Should you fire your customers? - Dr. V Kumar PhD. (2013, September 12). Retrieved July 25, 2017 Murali, D. (2009, February 10). Loyalty programmes. Retrieved July 25, 2017, from Editors' Perspectives: V. Kumar on Challenges of JM. (2016, April 26). Retrieved July 25, 2017 2016 Distinguished Dean’s Scholar: V.Kumar. (2016, August 22). Retrieved July 25, 2017, Creating and Communicating Enduring Customer Value”. (2016, December 06). Retrieved July 25, 2017 AIM-AMA Sheth Foundation Doctoral Consortium Jan’14 - Dr. V Kumar. (2014, October 16). Retrieved July 25, 2017 Professor V Kumar on DMEF's Value to Academics. (2012, December 03). Retrieved July 25, 2017 Dr V. Kumar PhD - Profitable Customer Engagement - Columbia. (2013, August 19). Retrieved July 25, 2017, from Introducing V. Kumar and his book (Sankaran P. Raghunathan) Forthcoming work Customer referral (Pattammal Viswanathan) What the author of 'The Numerati' was looking for Is layoff by the retailers and manufacturers inevitable. Downturn in India vs US . Reason why retailers in the UK took a bigger hit. Impact on luxury goods retailing What is going to be the status of organised retailing in India. Retailing of vegetables in US and India. What the book 'Customer Lifetime Value - the path to profitability' focuses on Marketing practices of financial services companies in India How public sector and private sector banks decide on the location of branches Should customers be charged for going to bank branch, rather than complete the transaction at an ATM Zero-return policy vs Open return policy. Murali, D. (2009, May 10). Introducing V. Kumar and his book (Sankaran P. Raghunathan). Retrieved July 25, 2017, from Murali, D. (2009, February 10). Forthcoming work. Retrieved July 25, 2017, from Murali, D. (2009, May 10). Customer referral (Pattammal Viswanathan). Retrieved July 25, 2017, from Murali, D. (2009, May 03). What the author of 'The Numerati' was looking f. Retrieved July 25, 2017, from Murali, D. (2009, May 03). Is layoff by the retailers and manufacturers inevitable. Retrieved July 25, 2017, Murali, D. (2009, May 03). Downturn in India vs US . Retrieved July 25, 2017, 19) Murali, D. (2009, May 03). Reason why retailers in the UK took a bigger hit. Retrieved July 25, 2017, from 12) Murali, D. (2009, May 03). Impact on luxury goods retailing. Retrieved July 25, 2017, from Murali, D. (2009, May 03). What is going to be the status of organised retailing in India. Retrieved July 25, 2017, from Murali, D. (2009, May 03). Retailing of vegetables in US and India. Retrieved July 25, 2017, Murali, D. (2009, May 03). What the book 'Customer Lifetime Value - the path to profitability' focuses on. Retrieved July 25, 2017, from Murali, D. (2009, May 03). Marketing practices of financial services companies in India. Retrieved July 25, 2017, from Murali, D. (2009, May 03). How public sector and private sector banks decide on the location of branches. Retrieved July 25, 2017, 12) Murali, D. (2009, May 03). Should customers be charged for going to bank branch, rather than complete the transaction at an ATM. Retrieved July 25, 2017, from Murali, D. (2009, May 03). Zero-return policy vs Open return policy. Retrieved July 25, 2017, from © 2019 VKCLV All Rights Reserved.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line824
__label__cc	0.500372	0.499628	Boneshaker I Amsterdam Brewing Co. Style: Unfiltered IPA Colour: Chartreuse I realized recently that I've never reviewed Boneshaker, the old hoppy staple from Amsterdam Brewery, mostly because there are so many IPA's being released that trying to keep up means the the oldies sometimes get forgotten. As I currently sit on my ass drinking one it occurrs to me that while it was pretty high on the spectrum of hoppy bears when it was released 5 years ago, it's actually kind of tame compared to many IPA's that have come out since. The one thing that hasn't changed is the fact that it's a great fucking beer, and still a benchmark that most Canadian IPA's are striving to equal. Even though I say that it's "kind of tame" compared to some IPA's that have come out since, let's make no bones (snap) about the fact that it's still a really hoppy IPA. By no accident, citrus and pine hop flavour is the dominant aspect of this beer, and this is a beer directed solely at the hop-head croud. If you don't like hops you certainly won't have any interest in downing a 7.1% hop-bomb like this. But if you're one of the legion of hop lovers out there you'd be hard pressed to find a better balanced or smoother North American IPA than Boneshaker. Aromas are typically citrusy but also kind of sweet and earthy as well. The flavour follows these lines presenting a berry-like sweetness and robust malt backbone underneath the intense citrus and pine hop profile. This balance prevents Boneshaker from over-saturating the palate, and makes it an easier drinking IPA than some of its competitors that are sporting mouth-numbing IBU ratings of 75 or more. In fact, the first half of every mouth-full is mostly a really tasty sweet maltiness, and the hops don't take over until mid-sip. The aftertaste is quite bitter and lingers for a while, but you can certainly live with it. When it comes to mouth-feel, Boneshaker can't be beat. North American IPA's don't come much smoother or creamier than this, and although this will make me sound like a character from a Budweiser commercial, it's the kind of beer that makes you want to swirl it around in your mouth for a while before swallowing. Because I prefer traditional British-style IPA's to their super-hoppy North American counterparts, I don't drink a lot of these hop-crazy beers. Boneshaker is one of the few exceptions though, simply because it is a supremely balanced, well crafted and downright delicious beer. The logo is dope too, and I'm a sucker for excellent branding.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line828
__label__cc	0.739265	0.260735	Search All Journals ::: Volume ::: Vol. 35Vol. 34Vol. 33Vol. 32Vol. 31Vol. 30Vol. 29Vol. 28Vol. 27Vol. 26Vol. 25Vol. 24Vol. 23Vol. 22Vol. 21Vol. 20Vol. 19Vol. 18Vol. 17Vol. 16Vol. 15Vol. 14Vol. 13Vol. 12Vol. 11Vol. 10Vol. 9Vol. 8Vol. 7Vol. 6Vol. 5Vol. 4Vol. 3Vol. 2Vol. 1 ::: Issue ::: No. 4No. 3No. 2No. 1 Endovascular Intervention with a Mobile C-Arm in the Operating Room Vascular Specialist International 2019;35:70-76 Published online June 30, 2019; https://doi.org/10.5758/vsi.2019.35.2.70 © 2019 Vascular Specialist International. Jin Hyun Joh Department of Surgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Correspondence to: Jin Hyun Joh, Department of Surgery, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, 892 Dongnam-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 05278, Korea, Tel: 82-2-440-6261, Fax: 82-2-440-6296, E-mail: jhjoh@khu.ac.kr, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8533-6755 Received May 27, 2019; Revised June 3, 2019; Accepted June 4, 2019. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Other SectionsAbstractINTRODUCTIONMOBILE C-ARM SYSTEMMINIMIZING RADIATION EXPOSURESETTING OF THE OPERATING TABLEPROPER SETTING FOR SPECIFIC PROCEDURESCONCLUSIONCONFLICTS OF INTERESTFigureTableReference Abstract Mobile C-arm fluoroscopic X-ray systems are used for various diagnostic imaging and minimally invasive endovascular procedures. One of the greatest advantages of a mobile C-arm is its ability to move around the patient. The purpose of this study was to address the optimal setting of the mobile C-arm and the operating table, as well as the proper position of the operator and assistants for each procedure. In addition, methods to minimize radiation exposure to the operator and medical staff are described. Both the optimal setting and the proper position were classified by 5 types. These include the setting for aortic and inferior vena caval procedures (type I); left lower extremity (LE) intervention with an up-and-over technique (type II); right LE intervention with up-and-over technique, or bilateral LE vascular intervention with antegrade access (type III); arteriovenous fistula/graft intervention (type IV); and central vein catheterization (type V). Keywords: Fluoroscopy, Endovascular procedures, Aorta, Lower extremity, Catheterization Other SectionsAbstractINTRODUCTIONMOBILE C-ARM SYSTEMMINIMIZING RADIATION EXPOSURESETTING OF THE OPERATING TABLEPROPER SETTING FOR SPECIFIC PROCEDURESCONCLUSIONCONFLICTS OF INTERESTFigureTableReference INTRODUCTION Mobile C-arm fluoroscopic X-ray systems are used for various diagnostic imaging and minimally invasive surgical procedures. In the operating room (OR), they help visualize procedures for neurology, cardiology (e.g., percutaneous valve replacement), pain management, nephrology (e.g., kidney drainage), gastroenterology, and orthopedic specialties. In addition, the mobile C-arm is frequently used in vascular surgery due to the specialty’s frequent use of endovascular procedures. Such vascular procedures include endovascular aortic aneurysm repair, peripheral vascular intervention, and dialysis vascular access [1–4]. Most vascular surgeons began their endovascular procedures using a mobile C-arm in the OR [5], primarily due to availability, comfort, and ease of scheduling. One of the greatest advantages of the mobile C-arm is its ability to move around the patient. It enables achievement of an optimum angle for a high-quality image without causing discomfort to the patient [6]. However, there are several drawbacks to using mobile C-arm imaging. Often, it lacks the precision to perform more complex procedures, such as aortic fenestrated grafts and small vessel catheterizations. Moreover, its tendency to overheat limits its use. Therefore, the time added for the mobile C-arm to cool down contributes to an already time-consuming procedure. In addition, it can be uncomfortable for an operator to perform a procedure due to an improper setting of the mobile C-arm system and the operating table. The purpose of this paper is to address the optimal settings for the mobile C-arm and the operating table, and the proper positions for the operator and assistants for each procedure. In addition, methods to minimize radiation exposure for the operator and medical staff are described. Other SectionsAbstractINTRODUCTIONMOBILE C-ARM SYSTEMMINIMIZING RADIATION EXPOSURESETTING OF THE OPERATING TABLEPROPER SETTING FOR SPECIFIC PROCEDURESCONCLUSIONCONFLICTS OF INTERESTFigureTableReference MOBILE C-ARM SYSTEM Most systems consist of two-wheeled units, one supporting the C-arm and the control console, and the other supporting display monitors, image processing, and recording devices. The mobile C-arm consists of a curved arm with an X-ray tube mounted on one end, and an image intensifier or flat-panel digital detector on the other (Fig. 1). The stand is constructed so that the C-arm can perform both linear and rotating motions for optimum positioning with respect to the patient. X-rays are produced by the X-ray tube when a stream of electrons, accelerated to high velocities by a high-voltage supply, collides with the tube’s target anode [7]. A set of collimators confines the primary beam to the approximate size and shape of the diagnostic interest [8]. X-rays emerging from the patient carry the image information to the input phosphor of an image intensifier, or to a flat-panel digital detector (Fig. 2). The energy of the X-rays detected at the input phosphor is emitted as light that causes the photocathode to release electrons. These electrons are accelerated and focused to produce an image on the output screen. All fluoroscopic systems use a camera to scan and transmit the image to a remote display monitor. Flat-panel detectors use a scintillator material to convert X-rays to visible light, which is translated into a signal suitable for digital display. Other SectionsAbstractINTRODUCTIONMOBILE C-ARM SYSTEMMINIMIZING RADIATION EXPOSURESETTING OF THE OPERATING TABLEPROPER SETTING FOR SPECIFIC PROCEDURESCONCLUSIONCONFLICTS OF INTERESTFigureTableReference MINIMIZING RADIATION EXPOSURE Minimizing radiation exposure is an important concern to the patient and the operating team performing the endovascular procedure. Intraprocedural dose monitoring is mandatory, and compliance with dose monitoring should be tracked as a part of ongoing quality assurance. Documentation of images and fluoroscopy time or dose should be recorded after the procedure [9]. Recommendations to minimize radiation exposure are shown in Table 1. The three most protective means of reducing radiation exposure to the operators and other medical staff in the room during fluoroscopy are related to exposure time, distance from the radiation source, and shielding [9]. Minimization of time spent in a radiation field is the main principle of radiation safety and exposure reduction. Fluoroscopy time should be minimized to protect patient and staff, but a balance must be reached between the protective clinical use of X-rays and minimizing fluoroscopy time. Radiation dose rates increase or decrease according to the inverse square of the distance from the source [9]. As mentioned previously, the main source of radiation exposure to fluoroscopic staff is scattered radiation from the patient, not from the X-ray tube. Understanding the inverse square law can help personnel to decrease their exposure to scattered radiation. The inverse square law states that exposure at a distance from a point of radiation is inversely proportional to the square of the distance. Distance is a powerful protector against radiation exposure. Lead garments, lead gloves, thyroid shields, leaded safety eyeglasses, lead drapes, and clear leaded glass barriers between the patient and the operator all reduce exposure to medical personnel from scattered radiation [10,11]. Most state regulations require that all persons, including staff or other patients, be at least 2 meters away from the X-ray tube or the exposed area of the patient’s body, or they must be protected by a lead apron [9]. Other SectionsAbstractINTRODUCTIONMOBILE C-ARM SYSTEMMINIMIZING RADIATION EXPOSURESETTING OF THE OPERATING TABLEPROPER SETTING FOR SPECIFIC PROCEDURESCONCLUSIONCONFLICTS OF INTERESTFigureTableReference SETTING OF THE OPERATING TABLE C-arms work in conjunction with patient tables specifically designed for X-ray imaging. A table should allow free positioning of the C-arm around the patient [12]. Some tables are designed to move and rotate to allow better patient access for procedures, and to aid imaging angles. Tables also need to be X-ray translucent so they do not interfere with imaging. Carbon fiber tables are usually used in this role because they are strong and lightweight [13]. If the specifically designed X-ray translucent table is not available, the regular operating table should be adjusted. During the procedure, the rotating C-arm should move under the table freely. Also, the system should be able to transmit the beam though the region of interest. The useful adjustment of a regular operating table for an endovascular procedure is shown in Fig. 3. For diagnostic or therapeutic procedures above the inguinal region of the body, such as endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair, the operating table should be adjusted to cover the entire body above the inguinal area, as shown in Fig. 3A. On the other hand, the operating table should be adjusted for the procedures of the lower extremity, as shown in Fig. 3B. Other SectionsAbstractINTRODUCTIONMOBILE C-ARM SYSTEMMINIMIZING RADIATION EXPOSURESETTING OF THE OPERATING TABLEPROPER SETTING FOR SPECIFIC PROCEDURESCONCLUSIONCONFLICTS OF INTERESTFigureTableReference PROPER SETTING FOR SPECIFIC PROCEDURES Various endovascular procedures can be performed with a mobile C-arm system and conventional operating table. However, the optimal setting for the system, as well as the proper position of the endovascular team, is necessary for maximum comfort during the procedure. With these settings, an operator is able to access the vessel with comfort, properly deliver the guidewire and endovascular devices, and use the closing devices with safety. An assistant and scrub nurse should be able to handle and deliver the devices with ease. There are five types of adjustments for endovascular equipment and team positions. A list of specific procedures with each setting is shown in Table 2. 1) Type I. Aortic, vena caval, and splanchnic vessel intervention A patient is placed in the supine position using the table setting as shown in Fig. 3A. The C-arm can be moved from the head to the patient’s knee joint because the table column is positioned at the level of the knee joint. The endovascular team is positioned at the right side of the patient. The ultrasound equipment is positioned at the uppermost portion of the patient’s left side (Fig. 4). After successful access using ultrasound, the system is moved in such a way as to allow for the free movement of the mobile C-arm system around the table. Then, the C-arm is moved to the region of interest. An assistant is positioned at the right of the operator, and a scrub nurse with an extension table is positioned at the right of the assistant. This position enables the delivery of the endovascular devices without discomfort for the team. A C-arm monitor is placed to the left side of the patient so that the operator can look at the C-arm monitor during the procedure (Fig. 4). 2) Type II. Intervention for the vessel of the left side The operating table is set as shown in Fig. 3B. The endovascular team is positioned at the right side of the patient. A scrub nurse with an extension table is positioned at the side of an assistant. All endovascular equipment, including the ultrasound, the C-arm, and the C-arm monitor are placed at the left side of the patient (Fig. 5). After access of the right femoral artery under ultrasound guidance, the ultrasound equipment is moved far from the patient. Then the guidewire is passed across the abdominal aortic bifurcation and inserted into the vessel of the left lower extremity (the retrograde up-and-over technique). Other endovascular devices can be delivered from the access site to the left side. Sometimes, the abdominal aortic bifurcation cannot be imaged because the C-arm cannot be moved to the upper side due to the position of the table column. This situation can be overcome by cranial rotation of the C-arm (Fig. 5). 3) Type III. Intervention for the right vessel with the up-and-over technique and for the vessels of both sides with antegrade access The operating table is set as shown in Fig. 3B. The endovascular team is positioned at the left side of the patient. An assistant and scrub nurse with an extension table are positioned at the side of an operator. All endovascular equipment including ultrasound, a C-arm, and a C-arm monitor are placed at the right side of the patient (Fig. 6). This position enables the operator to perform the retrograde up-and-over technique for the intervention of right leg vessels or antegrade access for intervention of both sides (Fig. 6). 4) Type IV. Intervention for hemodialysis access on the left upper extremity The operating table is set as shown in Fig. 3A. The endovascular team is positioned at the left side of the patient. The assistant and scrub nurse with an extension table are positioned at the side of the operator. A C-arm is placed at the left side of the patient. This can be moved though the left axilla of the patient, enabling a scan of all areas of the left arm and central vessel. An ultrasound and a C-arm monitor are placed at the right side of the patient. This setting enables the performance of interventions for failed radiocephalic and brachiocephalic fistulas, as well as for a failed arteriovenous graft of the left upper extremity (Fig. 7). 5) Type V. Intervention for central vein catheterization The operating table is set as shown in Fig. 3A. The operator is positioned at the right side of the patient’s neck. With this position, easy access of the right internal jugular vein or subclavian vein is allowed. The scrub nurse with an extension table is positioned at the right side of the patient. In this position, the scrub nurse can deliver the necessary devices for the procedure with ease. All endovascular equipment including ultrasound, a C-arm, and a C-arm monitor are placed at the right side of the patient. This position enables the operator to perform the insertion of an inferior vena cava filter via the right internal jugular vein (Fig. 8). Other SectionsAbstractINTRODUCTIONMOBILE C-ARM SYSTEMMINIMIZING RADIATION EXPOSURESETTING OF THE OPERATING TABLEPROPER SETTING FOR SPECIFIC PROCEDURESCONCLUSIONCONFLICTS OF INTERESTFigureTableReference CONCLUSION Mobile C-arm fluoroscopy systems include an image intensifier with a monitor. Fluoroscopic equipment and the proper positioning of the operator and medical staff can be set for a wide variety of endovascular procedures. Other SectionsAbstractINTRODUCTIONMOBILE C-ARM SYSTEMMINIMIZING RADIATION EXPOSURESETTING OF THE OPERATING TABLEPROPER SETTING FOR SPECIFIC PROCEDURESCONCLUSIONCONFLICTS OF INTERESTFigureTableReference CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The author has nothing to disclose. Other SectionsAbstractINTRODUCTIONMOBILE C-ARM SYSTEMMINIMIZING RADIATION EXPOSURESETTING OF THE OPERATING TABLEPROPER SETTING FOR SPECIFIC PROCEDURESCONCLUSIONCONFLICTS OF INTERESTFigureTableReference Figures Fig. 1. Composition of the mobile C-arm system. The mobile C-arm consists of a curved arm with an X-ray tube (A) mounted on one end and an image intensifier (B) flat-panel digital detector on the other; it also consists of a control console (C). The separate equipment (connected by cable) is the supporting display monitors and image processing and recording devices (D). Fig. 2. Process of fluoroscopic imaging. (A) X-rays are produced by the X-ray tube when a stream of electrons collides with the tube’s target anode (B). X-rays produced by the X-ray generator pass through the patient’s body and carry the image information to the input phosphor of an image intensifier, or to a flat-panel digital detector. Fig. 3. Optimal adjustment of the operating table. (A) For procedures of vessels of the abdominal and thoracic cavities, it is useful to adjust the operating table with longer upper portion (arrow). (B) On the other hand, the adjustment of the longer lower portion enables the performance of a variety of procedure of the lower extremities (arrow). Fig. 4. Position of endovascular equipment and the team for the aortic, vena caval, and splanchnic vessel intervention. After the patient is placed in a supine position with the table setting as shown in , the endovascular team is positioned at the right side of the patient. The scrub nurse with an extension table is positioned at the right side of the assistant. All endovascular equipment including ultrasound, a C-arm, and the C-arm monitor are placed at the left side of the patient. Fig. 5. Position of endovascular equipment and the team for the intervention of left lower extremity vessel. After the patient is placed in a supine position with the table setting as shown in , the endovascular team is positioned at the right side of the patient. The scrub nurse with an extension table is positioned at the right side of the assistant. All endovascular equipment including ultrasound, a C-arm, and a C-arm monitor are placed at left side of the patient. This position enables the performance of the retrograde up-and-over technique. Fig. 6. Position of endovascular equipment and the team for right lower extremity (LE) vessel intervention with the up-and-over technique, and antegrade access of the vessels of both sides. After the patient is placed in a supine position with the table setting as shown in , the endovascular team is positioned at the left side of the patient. The assistant and scrub nurse with an extension table are positioned at the side of the operator. All endovascular equipment including ultrasound, a C-arm, and a C-arm monitor are placed at right side of the patient. This position enables the performance of the retrograde up-and-over technique for the intervention of right LE vessels, or antegrade access for intervention of the left LE vessel. Fig. 7. Position of endovascular equipment and the team for the intervention of hemodialysis access of the left arm. After the patient is placed in a supine position with the table setting as shown in , the endovascular team is positioned at the left side of the patient. The assistant and scrub nurse with an extension table are positioned at side of the operator. A C-arm is placed at left side of the patient. This can be moved to the left axilla of the patient, enabling the scanning of all areas of the left arm and central vessel. An ultrasound and a C-arm monitor are placed at right side of the patient. Fig. 8. Intervention of central vein catheterization through the left jugular or subclavian vein. After the patient is placed in a supine position with the table setting as shown in , the endovascular team is positioned at the right side of the patient. An operator is positioned at the right side of the patient’s neck, and a scrub nurse with an extension table is positioned at the right of the patient. All endovascular equipment including ultrasound, a C-arm, and a C-arm monitor are placed at right side of the patient. Other SectionsAbstractINTRODUCTIONMOBILE C-ARM SYSTEMMINIMIZING RADIATION EXPOSURESETTING OF THE OPERATING TABLEPROPER SETTING FOR SPECIFIC PROCEDURESCONCLUSIONCONFLICTS OF INTERESTFigureTableReference Tables Minimizing radiation exposure Use ultrasound imaging when possible Position the image intensifier as close to the patient as practicable Maximize distance from the radiation source Use the exposure pedal as sparingly as possible Use pulse fluoroscopy whenever possible View and save images with last-image-hold Collimate to use the smallest field of view practicable Position and collimate without using fluoroscopy Use magnification only when necessary High-dose or detail modes should be used only when necessary Use highest kVp possible to produce acceptable image contrast Minimize overlap of fields in repeated acquisitions The possible procedures with the each setting Possible procedure Type I Endovascular thoracic aortic aneurysm repair Endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair Procedures for the iliac arteries and veins Procedure for the inferior vena cava Procedures for splanchnic arteries or veins Procedures for vascular disease of the upper extremity Type II Left LE vascular intervention with up-and-over technique Type III Right LE vascular intervention with up-and-over technique Right/left LE vascular intervention with antegrade access Type IV Arteriovenous fistula/graft intervention Type V Chemoport insertion Permanent catheter insertion for hemodialysis PICC catheter insertion LE, lower extremity; PICC, peripherally inserted central catheterization. Other SectionsAbstractINTRODUCTIONMOBILE C-ARM SYSTEMMINIMIZING RADIATION EXPOSURESETTING OF THE OPERATING TABLEPROPER SETTING FOR SPECIFIC PROCEDURESCONCLUSIONCONFLICTS OF INTERESTFigureTableReference References Maurel B, Sobocinski J, Perini P, Guillou M, Midulla M, Azzaoui R, et al. Evaluation of radiation during EVAR performed on a mobile C-arm. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2012;43:16-21. Duménil A, Kaladji A, Castro M, Göksu C, Lucas A, Haigron P. A versatile intensity-based 3D/2D rigid registration compatible with mobile C-arm for endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2016;11:1713-1729. Osborn JJ, Pfeiffer RB Jr, String ST. Directional atherectomy and balloon angioplasty for lower extremity arterial disease. Ann Vasc Surg 1997;11:278-283. Joh JH, Joo SH, Park HC. Simultaneous hybrid revascularization for symptomatic lower extremity arterial occlusive disease. Exp Ther Med 2014;7:804-810. Varu VN, Greenberg JI, Lee JT. Improved efficiency and safety for EVAR with utilization of a hybrid room. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2013;46:675-679. Richter PH, Steinbrener J, Schicho A, Gebhard F. Does the choice of mobile C-arms lead to a reduction of the intraoperative radiation dose?. Injury 2016;47:1608-1612. Seibert JA. The AAPM/RSNA physics tutorial for residents. X-ray generators. Radiographics 1997;17:1533-1557. Ghobadifar MA, Zarei S. Effect of collimation on radiation exposure and image quality. Korean J Pain 2013;26:307-308. Mitchell EL, Furey P. Prevention of radiation injury from medical imaging. J Vasc Surg 2011;53(1 Suppl):22S-27S. Neeman Z, Dromi SA, Sarin S, Wood BJ. CT fluoroscopy shielding: decreases in scattered radiation for the patient and operator. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2006;17:1999-2004. Vañó E, Fernández JM, Delgado V, González L. Evaluation of tungsten and lead surgical gloves for radiation protection. Health Phys 1995;68:855-858. Schueler BA. The AAPM/RSNA physics tutorial for residents: general overview of fluoroscopic imaging. Radiographics 2000;20:1115-1126. Fillinger MF, Weaver JB. Imaging equipment and techniques for optimal intraoperative imaging during endovascular interventions. Semin Vasc Surg 1999;12:315-326. June 2019, 35 (2) Full Text(PDF) Free Cited By Articles Author ORCID Information Export Citation for this Article E-mail Link to this Article Copyright © 2013 The Korean Society for Vascular Surgery. All Rights Reserved. Rm 7714, 7th floor, 2-dong Bldg, 82 Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam (13620), Korea Phone: +82-10-8717-2535 Fax: +82-2-6455-3770 E-mail: office@vsijournal.org / http://www.vsijournal.org Powered by INFOrang.co., Ltd	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line831
__label__wiki	0.632006	0.632006	Home / Uncategorized / Five takeaways from a historic Blazers season After going undefeated and winning the national championship against all odds here's five takeaways from a historic season. Five takeaways from a historic Blazers season December 18, 2018 Uncategorized Leave a comment 1,417 Views The Blazers cemented their legacy as possibly the greatest VSU football team in school history after capturing the NCAA Division II National Championship Saturday. But their work isn’t over. This is chapter one of the new dynasty that has taken over Titletown. Here’s five things we learned this year: Don’t Disrespect The Blazers We all remember when the Blazers weren’t included in the preseason AFCA Division II rankings and were picked to finish fifth in the Gulf South Conference preseason polls. The Blazers took that with a grain of salt and made every team they faced pay for it. The odds were stacked against the Blazers when it came to the polls. Though the Blazers came off a 5-4 season, the voters failed to acknowledge the Blazers historic success and realize that the struggles would not last long. After showing all season that they were the superior team to West Georgia, it took the Blazers to actually beat the Wolves to trounce them in the rankings. Voters hesitated all season to place the Blazers at number one, but the Blazers showed how much better they were than everyone else, completing blowout after blowout up until the last two rounds of the tournament. Championship-style Defense Defense wins championships. Saturday, the Black Swarm literally won the championship after denying the Ferris State Bulldogs from converting a two-point conversion. Let’s rewind back to the Notre Dame game. When the fiery Blazers offense were neutralized, the defense stepped up to guarantee that the Notre Dame offense would not get their wheels rolling, either. Guys like Ravarius Rivers, Jameon Gaskin, David Brown, Iseoluwapo Jegede, and Stephen Denmark along with the rest of the cast made it possible for the Blazers to even make it to the Natty. Though the Blazers will lose Jegede, Brown, and Denmark to graduation, I trust that Coach Bell will bring on more talent and fill those missing gaps for a stronger defense. Looking for Revenge Rogan Wells torched Division II this year and it still wasn’t enough for him to win over the Harlon Hill Trophy, losing to Ferris State quarterback Jayru Campbell. Wells erupted for 49 total touchdowns and four interceptions. Though Wells cared more about the national championship win, don’t think for once second that he won’t be in the running for the trophy again next season. He already made his case that the voters got it wrong when he passed for 349 yards and five touchdowns along with a receiving touchdown on the grand stage. Dynasty in the making Coach Bell hit the nail on the head the recruiting he’s done over the last two seasons. After inheriting David Dean’s team, Bell put together a team that struggled in their first season. Now, you see that they were just growing pains. The team got a year older, but still young and was able to put it all together to bring a championship. The train will keep rolling from here as much of the team will be going to their sophomore or junior years and will be a surprise if the Blazers didn’t see more championships. They’re Still Hungry The entire Division II should now be on notice. If they didn’t know that the Blazers were for real, now they know. The youngsters have now tasted the gold but they want more hardware to add to Titletown, USA. And I don’t see them giving up the trophy if they continue to bring the same game they had this season. Written by Gerald Thomas, Staff Writer. Photo by Juston Lewis, Editor-in-chief. blazer athletics blazers five takeaways football Gerald Thomas kerwin bell sports 2018-12-18 Juston Lewis Tags blazer athletics blazers five takeaways football Gerald Thomas kerwin bell sports Previous Notebook: Blazers top performances of championship run Next What’s Your Take: How VSU became the best in the nation What’s new and what’s old: The advising update It’s that time of year again. Before you start freaking out about finals and daydreaming ...	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line832
__label__cc	0.72049	0.27951	Phishing Attack World Map Home / Phishing Attack World Map in: Blog Internet research organization Netcraft released its new phishing attack map that shows a real-time visualisation of the phishiest countries in the world. By using IP address delegation information, Netcraft was able to attribute current phishing sites in its Phishing Site Feed to countries. Netcraft use the number of active sites found by their Web Server Survey to calculate and display the ratio of phishing attacks to web sites in each country. Below is the analysis by Netcraft. A few themes become immediately apparent when studying the map. Countries with poor internet access may host very few phishing attacks, or even none at all, and therefore may appear very safe; however, countries with an extremely small number of websites can prove very volatile: For example, the Falkland Islands appears incredibly phishy by virtue of the fact that out of only 38 active sites hosted in that country, one of them is currently blocked for phishing. Countries which respond slowly to taking down phishing sites are more likely to have a higher proportion of their sites engaged in phishing at any one time. As the map displays only currently blocked phishing attacks, this characteristic is highlighted particularly well in Morocco, which is the second phishiest country with nearly 200 of its 11,000 sites blocked. Fraudsters commonly host their phishing sites on compromised servers, as this does not require a purchasing transaction, making it more difficult to correctly identify the perpetrators. Shared hosting services tend to be the least secure, so countries with a large number of sites running on shared hosts are likely to attract the attention of fraudsters. Countries which host a large number of vulnerable and commonly targeted web applications consequently host a large number of phishing attacks, notwithstanding their responsiveness to takedown requests. This perhaps explains why the US appears phishier than either Russia or China, and some US hosting companies host more phishing attacks than entire European countries, as they provide proportionately more WordPress and hosting control panel administered sites, plus shared IP hosting configurations that allow customer content to be accessed from any domain that resolves to the same IP address. Our datasets show that these are the most favoured platforms for hosting fraudulent content on compromised servers. From Netcraft report, there's increase in Phishing attacks using attached HTML forms to steal victims' credentials. It's more and more hard for novice to judge such tricks because of it's professional. But it's good news if you're using firefox or chrome, Netcraft developed a Anti-phishing extension for both explorers. It's highly recommended extension for everyone. It will monitor the web security in real time and their database is being updated every day. ZeroNet – No Take Down Website Creation April 16, 2016 15 Most Epically Bad Tech Product December 3, 2015 000WebHost Hacked & 13 Million User Info Leaked November 3, 2015	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line835
__label__wiki	0.520709	0.520709	GPSC president addresses ASUA bylaws during Faculty Senate meeting Published Oct 8, 2013 12:05am By Alison Dorf By Desiree Guerrero 07/16/19 2:48am Q&A: From Oklahoma to Ohio to Arizona By Pascal Albright 07/15/19 10:25pm Mobile IV therapy services expanding in Tucson By Desiree Guerrero 07/15/19 10:15pm Shane Bekian and Shane Bekian \| The Daily Wildcat Shane Bekian / The Daily Wildcat GPSC President Zachary Brooks discusses the university's financial standings and insists we must "engage, innovate and partner," at the faculty senate meeting on Monday. The president of the Graduate and Professional Student Council addressed his concerns to Faculty Senate members during his report at their monthly meeting Monday, regarding his recent proposal that ASUA change its bylaws. During the Associated Students of the University of Arizona senate meeting last week, Zachary Brooks, president of GPSC, presented a proposal requesting that ASUA only represent undergraduate students, while GPSC be the exclusive advocate for graduate and professional students. In his report to the Faculty Senate, Brooks said GPSC is hopeful ASUA will consider the proposed change in its upcoming meeting on Wednesday, though he added it looks like ASUA does not support it. “Just as high school students don’t represent undergraduates, we do not represent faculty,” Brooks said. “We do not believe undergraduates can comprehend what it means to be a graduate student. U of A graduates want to engage, innovate and partner, and above all else, never settle on becoming recognized as a campus partner.” Morgan Abraham, president of ASUA, also attended the meeting. “It’s such a shame that he keeps trying to involve all these people,” Abraham said regarding Brooks’ report. “I know administration doesn’t really want to handle something like this and this is kind of like an internal issue that ASUA and GPSC should be working on.” Abraham said he has yet to hear whether ASUA will vote on the bylaw changes at its upcoming meeting on Wednesday. “I’ve been trying to get a good gauge of if it’s going to happen or not,” Abraham said. “From what I understand right now, none of them [ASUA senators] are really interested in doing that.” Following Brooks’ report, Andrew Comrie, senior vice president for Academic Affairs and provost, addressed the Faculty Senate and announced that an email regarding upcoming dates for two administrator reviews will soon be going out to campus. Last year, Melissa Vito, vice provost for Academic Initiatives & Student Success and senior vice president for Student Affairs & Enrollment Management, and Michele Norin, chief information officer and executive director of University Information Technology Services, had their five-year reviews, Comrie said. It was decided that reviews should have a public forum and feedback session, so people could get a sense of what came out of the review, he added. Both administrators will have a public forum regarding their reviews this month, and anyone is welcome to attend. Rather than showcasing the actual review document, the idea of the public forum is to take the headlines of what the feedback was, and have the individual discuss what issues there may be, what they’re doing to address them and how they intend to move the unit they oversee forward, he added. Several informational items were also presented at the meeting, including a presentation by James A. Hyatt, interim senior vice president for business affairs and chief financial officer, and the business plan implementation of the current strategic plan by Comrie. Wanda Howell, chair of the faculty, ended the meeting with a discussion item regarding an upcoming breakfast that will take place between the Faculty Senate and the Arizona Board of Regents. “The purpose of this is for them to get to know faculty better,” Howell said. “They generally don’t know who we are, and certainly don’t know what we do … so this is our opportunity.” - Follow Alison Dorf @AlisonRaeDorf	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line839
__label__cc	0.734477	0.265523	All posts in Project 90 by 2030 Project 90 by 2030 youth activists Project 90 Clubs Project 90 by 2030 challenges South Africans to reduce their carbon footprint and change the way they live and relate to the environment. This fun stop frame animation was conceived and directed by Daniel Robinson, photographed and edited by Michael Struwig, audio and sound effects by Thulisa Nyathela, Ludwe Mlumbi, Nkosinathi Madyosi and Ongeziwe Nyengane. Read on for about the making of the video … Engaging Renewable Energy A project of the Electricity Governance Initiative South Africa, 2011. This video looks at the events that took place in November 2011 which promoted informed and sustainable engagement between parliament and civil society on energy and climate issues. Transition SA Transition SA Series Preview We are excited to announce that Cape Town TV is now broadcasting Transition SA. This 6-part documentary series explores Project 90 x 2030 ground breaking initiative to establish renewable energy demonstration sites throughout South Africa. Explore the series Find us on CTV community uplifment EPISODE 3 OF TRANSITION SA: In South Africa there are about 2,5 million households without electricity. First Light – takes a look at a Rural Solar Initiative in KZN South Africa, where 50 impoverished households are fitted with solar lighting kits, many of them receiving electricity for the very first time. Project 90 by 2030 Youth Forum 2011 – short version This is the 4.30 minute version of the Youth Forum video from 2011. This video gives an overview of our environmental leadership program which took place in 2011, in view of the need to influence the outcome of COP17, commencing in Durban in November 2011. Two Oceans Aquarium Espidose 6 Transition SA: The Two Oceans Aquarium, Cape Town, is passionate about inspiring in its visitors a love of and respect for the oceans and educating them about the issues of climate change and pollution. In 2011, together with Project 90 x 2030 they embarked on a truly ground breaking project – to become a green energy demonstration site and install the first grid tied wind and solar PV system in the City of Cape Town. This project is set to change the way we view energy generation and hopefully lead the way for similar green energy projects in the city. Project 90 Clubs Conference On the 14th of May 2011, 34 students belonging to Project 90 School Environmental Clubs in Gauteng and Kwazulu-Natal attended a Project 90 conference. Here they shared their successes, failures and progress with one another. bio-digestor Johannesburg Zoo A Heap of Energy EPISODE 5 OF TRANSITION SA: The Johannesburg Zoo is taking their commitment to the environment to the next level and actively greening their operations – demonstrating how smart energy solutions like solar powered golf carts and bio-digestors (which turn food and animal waste into energy), can provide us with a heap of free, clean energy. hydro power Running on Water EPISODE 4 of TRANSITION SA: From as early as the 19th Century, Reichenau Mission in KZN, South Africa, was literally running on water – using hydropower to run its Mill and generate electricity. In 2011 with the help of funders, Project 90 by 2030; volunteers and the SA Airforce the hydro electric system was restored – enabling Reichenau to regain a piece of its sustainable heritage and take the first steps towards a greener future. The Solar Connection EPISODE 2 OF TRANSITION SA: In 2011 the Durban Botanical Gardens became one of 15 Renewable Energy Demonstration sites setup by Project 90 x 2030 in South Africa. At the Durban Botanical Gardens two, 2.1 kW solar photovoltaic arrays are installed to run the visitors centre. They use state of the art technology to track the sun throughout the day, mimicking a plant’s leaves and demonstrating how natural systems can help us find solutions for a clean energy future. About Project 90 by 2030 Our vision: South Africans from all sectors of society doing their bit to preserve the environment, committed to changing the way they live by 90% by the year 2030. Featured Video – Transition SA Transition is a 6 part documentary series that follows Project 90 x 2030′s team of activists & engineers as they bring green energy solutions to communities across South Africa. Project 90′s Blog Feed Join us on the 27 May Realising Africa’s true potential Count down to the final 48 hours of COP21 Carbon footprint: Letters versus emails COP21: where to from here? Project 90 Photos	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line840
__label__cc	0.686807	0.313193	Wolfie Honyaku The Amber Sword The Strategy to Become Good at Magic The Latest Game is too Amazing The Amber Sword Volume 2 Chapter 102 TL: I have finished 3 chapters and I’m now giving them an initial draft check. Two more chapters will come within 1 hour. Chapter 102 – Lure (1) The difficulty of attaining a perfect rating for the quest was harder than Brendel imagined. He initially thought that he simply needed to protect what was left of the Grey Wolves Mercenaries, but it seemed like he needed to wipe out every single enemy that was in his path. [The reports from the Grey Wolves Mercenaries stated there are over a hundred Lizardmen Bandits, but the walkthrough states otherwise. Lizardmen mob – Over a thousand. Disciples of the Black Flames – Over two hundred with the average strength of Iron-ranked fighters. Paper Cards – Over seventy with the same average strength as the disciples. Hewjil – The peak strength of a Silver-ranked fighter. Conrad – Gold-ranked fighter. Earth Bishop – Boss tier headache.] (TL: I might have made a mistake somewhere. There are TWO bishops that he’s most likely going to fight, the one currently with Conrad is the Dark Bishop who corrupted Scarlett. Brendel is now referring to a new Bishop who hasn’t appeared yet and probably took the Blood of Gods, particularly a God related to the earth element.) Brendel pondered for a while before he turned around. The Silver Elves had already ended Redi’s life, while the Mercenaries of Lopes were helping the Grey Wolves Mercenaries with their injuries. Perhaps it was because of their similar professions, they seemed to bond well. “What are you planning to do?” A voice called out from his side. Brendel looked at the Elven commander in slight surprise. “If that human did not lie, the disciples and the Lizardmen are going to meet soon. Their speed is probably the same as us, and the foes we are going to face will not be mere Lizardmen rabble when we reach our destined location.” The Elven commander described the scenario like it did not concern him. “You are basically right,” Brendel’s response was quick: “But I believe the Paper Cards’ leader Conrad has already reached the Lizardmen commander Hewjil, and are discussing over how to prevent us from escaping to the north.” The Elven commander merely looked at him without saying anything. Brendel was certain that the Silver Elves would not be able to perform as well as he did with the earlier fight, and in his own experience he had never seen a SSS completion rating with just the mere help of the NPCs. “If that is the case, then the Lizardmen will send out their scouts now.” Brendel laughed: “They think we’re going to escape, haha, that is wonderful; I want them to commit such a mistake.” Brendel’s guess was not wrong. The Lizardmen rode on their mounts and spread out from the Baern’s ruins. A day passed and the next morning came. The dry shrubbery on the hill top was rustling constantly due to hands pushing them apart. Brendel and the Elven commander hid behind a thick bush as soon as they spotted movements in the valley. The youth observed for a while before he spoke: “The Lizardmen Dragoons.” “That’s the third group that moved out since yesterday—” There was no change in Elf’s expression. The scenery of the emerald forest was reflected in his eyes; the speed and agility that the dragoons moved in the forest was faster than any cavalry in this era, but it could not compare with the Miirna’s shadow knights. Even though the dragoons darted through the forest and appeared through the gaps of the trees, it was considered to be much too slow in the Elven commander’s eyes. “It’s two times the normal patrolling radius at this distance. This is just abnormal even if they are under the Tree Shepherd’s command……” Brendel muttered to himself: “In the end this looks like a quest mode.” “What?” The Elven commander turned to look at Brendel. “Nothing,” He realized his mistake and tried to change the topic: “I’m gauging the distance.” “Pointless.” The Elven commander eyed him. They had estimated the distance more than once since yesterday. Brendel quickly nodded: “Indeed there’s nothing else to look at, so let’s proceed as planned. Sanford!” The former mercenary who turned into his subordinate ran up the hill panting and looked up to the two men: “I’m here! My lord, what do you need?” Even though the Grey Wolves Mercenaries just joined them, Brendel accepted Amandina’s idea to tell them his ‘true identity’. Even though it was common to travel as an adventurer or merchant, they were delighted to know that Brendel trusted them with his identity, and a future lord strongly appealed to them. Compared to the nomadic-like lifestyle, they were more willing to be a noble’s retainers. At least they could settle down, and from the other mercenaries’ description, it was apparent that the young lord was different from most nobles’ arrogant and cold attitudes who treated their subordinates’ lives like dirt. They had suffered a lesson of betrayal from Makarov but such was the era of nobles and commoners. What could they do when they had no power? They could only work harder to gain the favor of their new lord. “Convey the order to get ready.” Brendel answered as he looked at the valley. “Understood, my lord. I will go immediately.” But as soon as he took a few steps, Sanford suddenly turned back and asked: “My lord, there’s something I do not understand…..” Sanford hesitated for a moment but he gathered his courage and asked: “My lord, there’s no need to use such a complicated plan. I’m sure these Lizardmen would not be able to fend us off if we strike at them. I’m sure the result would be the same even if they are working with the disciples. As far as I know, even Aouine…….” He did not state the latter half. ‘Even Aouine would not be able to gather twenty knights of the Holy Cathedral’— While it was true that Aouine had more than twenty knights within the kingdom, the majority of them did not work for the nobles or even loyal to any faction. But these words made it sound like he was questioning Brendel’s identity, so Sanford stopped himself from going any further. Brendel still managed to understand what he was trying to say. He smiled: “Perhaps you might be disappointed but these Elven allies are not under my command. They fight with us because we have the same goal. And one other thing, they get weaker the further they are away from their home.” Sanford did not quite understand what Brendel meant by the Elves getting weaker, but he immediately spoke in a loud voice: “My lord, you misunderstand me. We will never get disappointed. We swore an oath to follow you not because of you possessed a great army but to repay for your aid. Regardless of whether we are the former Grey Wolves Mercenaries or not, we will never break our oath.” But he quickly asked again: “Are the Elven allies Knights of the Holy Cathedral? Do they still possess such strength if they get weaker from their home…..?” Brendel understood what he was thinking. Even if their ‘strength’ was weakened by half, they could still be considered as people who had the peak strength of a Gold-ranked fighter. Twenty such Gold-ranked fighters would certainly be enough to annihilate the enemies in this region. However, the rules did not apply in such a manner. A single stat reduction merely degraded their powers by a single rank, but in truth it was a level loss by over half. These Silver Elves were originally level sixty Elites, but Brendel judged that they would become lower than level thirty when it was time to meet the enemies in battle. This meant the Silver Elves could not even maintain their Gold-ranked stats. That would spell trouble, especially with the threat of the Earth Bishop and Conrad. He needed to find other ways to defeat the Lizardmen. But explaining these things required some effort, so he merely folded his arms and answered: “Don’t worry and head off to convey my orders. Believe in me, and I will show you victory—” Sanford’s reaction was delayed for a moment as he listened to Brendel’s words, before he nodded furiously. The Elven commander watched Sanford’s figure disappear in the woods, then glanced at Brendel and said: “I did not think you are this arrogant, human.” “You mean confidence.” Brendel tilted his head slightly as he corrected him: “Remember, this isn’t the battlefield of the Holy Saints, nor the era of your brilliant generals who are capable of commanding the battlefield to dwarf all other tactics. Perhaps the future might welcome that era again, but it would not be right now.” Brendel paused as he looked to the north forest. “At this point of time in this battlefield, I am certain that no one here has the capabilities to steal victory away from my hands. You can jot down my words, commander. I will lead them to victory.” The Elven commander took a long time to respond: “To be honest, I do not understand what you mean by ‘the future might welcome that era again’, do you mean to say that the Dragon of Darkness is going to return to this continent again?” “No, that is entirely another matter, I meant that there will be capable people emerging in the future.” “How do you know of this, human? Can you see the future?” Brendel’s voice was stuck in his throat. He hesitated for a while before replying: “It’s not foresight but intuition. When the future comes I’ll return to this place and tell you what had happened in the world if you don’t believe me—” Brendel did not know why he said all these words. Perhaps there were too many secrets in his heart which he kept away for too long. After all, the Elven commander was a spirit that could not leave this place. The Elven commander looked at him for a while and gave an emotionless smile: “My name is Nalaethar.” “I’m Brendel.” “I shall wait to see that victory you claim will happen.” [This bastard doesn’t believe me at all.] “As you wish.” Brendel said through grinding teeth. « Previous chapter Next Chapter » The Amber Sword Volume 2 Chapter 101 The Amber Sword Volume 2 Chapter 103 viviserene October 6, 2017 @ 8:54 pm January 16, 2018 @ 12:41 pm This is so good ! thank you for your hard work translator ! 😀 Leave a Reply to viviserene Cancel reply Donation milestone / Misc information Patreon page for The Amber Sword Paypal: Silentwolfie@gmail.com (CLOSED) December 2018 chapters The Amber Sword – Cleared = 0/– (Translated 11/9, posted 10/9 on December 31 2018.) ETA next TAS chapter: January 5 (4 chapters in January) ETA next TSTBGAM chapter: January 12 (1 chapters this month) The Strategy to become good at Magic – Closed 0/45 (recent chapters are 3.5k words long.) Planned Monthly Schedule after July 2018, excluding donations: TAS: 4 chapters/month (Will be increased once I find a job in 2019, lulz) Ads revenue goes into paying for bills. All other series: 1-2 chapter/month The Amber Sword (476) The Strategy to Become Good at Magic (111) © Wolfie Honyaku 2019	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line841
__label__wiki	0.526769	0.526769	Nevada Test Site Country: United States Region: Nevada Locale: nuc testsite Latitude: 37° 8' 57" N Longitude: -117° 56' 16" E Area use / Military Branches: Closed Screenshot from Webpage 'Kodiak' >> Former Nevada Proving Grounds, currently the Nevada Test & Training Range is located in Nye County about 65 miles northwest of Las Vegas covering appx 1,375 square miles. Its location was preferred for a number of reasons: the facilities at the existing bombing range within which it would lie (landing strips, housing, etc) its proximity to Highway 95 for personnel access and the predictable weather. All in all 928 documented atmospheric and underground nuclear tests occurred at the Nevada Test Site.Between 1951-1992 Nuclear weapons tests occurred in 4 regions within the Test Site: Frenchman Flat, at grid 36°49'49"N 115°56'1"W Yucca Flat, at grid 37° 3'43"N 116° 2'27"W Rainier Mesa, at grid 37°12'32"N 116°14'7"W Pahute Mesa. at grid 37°13'24"N 116°32'28"W 3 types of tests were conducted: weapons effects, weapons design and tests involving the military who conducted operations near ground zero for the purpose of developing battleground tactics and strategies. Other regions, such as Jackass Flats, were used for other nuclear-related testing but not for weapons tests. Pressured by international concern over radioactive fallout, US government began to move tests underground. The majority of underground tests took place at Yucca Flat, Rainier Mesa and Pahute Mesa. Satellite photographs of Yucca Flat show the craters caused by these tests. The last underground test took place on September 23, 1992 http://www.hlswilliwaw.com/aleutians/Kodiak/Images/USCG-Base-Kodiak.jpg http://www.hlswilliwaw.com/aleutians/kodiak-homepage.htm http://www.hlswilliwaw.com/aleutians/Kodiak/Images/USCG-Base-Kodiak-labeled.jpg http://nzz.ch/servlets/ch.nzz.newzz.DruckformatServlet?url=/2004/12/15/al/newzzE2RKHQEL-12.nzzoml Search for Nevada Test Site	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line844
__label__wiki	0.602134	0.602134	New Music: Lyfe Jennings – Accusing Me YKIGS Posted on June 6, 2019 Lyfe Jennings had already been making an impact at radio with new single “Accusing Me”, and now the song is available for everyone to stream. The song was recently one of the most added songs at Adult R&B Radio. True to Lyfe Jennings form, he sings about real situations in relationships that others won’t touch on. “Accusing Me” is vintage Lyfe Jennings music in that it’s music with a message over a subtle production that allows his vocals to standout. This is the first single from his recently announced final album “777” set to release on July 7th. The singer had previously teased a visual for another single called “Crash” which features Algebra Blessett. The album will also feature a guest appearance from Bobby V. Tagged:Lyfe Jennings Previous PostKelis Releases Previously International Only Sophomore Album “Wanderland” to Streaming Services Next PostNew Music: Kiana Ledé – Myself (EP) Ashanti “No One Greater” Featuring French Montana & Meek Mill (Produced by 7 Aurelius & Irv Gotti) YKIGS June 30, 2012 Felicia Temple “If That’s What You Want” YKIGS February 20, 2014 Mila J “Smoke, Drink, Break-Up” YKIGS March 2, 2014 New Music: Maurice Moore – C’est La Vie YKIGS October 31, 2016	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line856
__label__cc	0.507836	0.492164	Home / Game / Electronic Arts has fired 350 employees and close office in Moscow Electronic Arts has fired 350 employees and close office in Moscow 06.04.2019 Game 72 Views The need arose after the outbreak late last year of the consolidation process. CEO of Electronic Arts Andrew Wilson (Andrew Wilson) has published an official letter in which he said about the upcoming optimizations in staff. According to Mr. Wilson, in order that the company can successfully exist in a changing world, she must constantly change and evolve. At this stage, this involves the dismissal of 350 employees (about 9 thousand, or 4% of the total) and the closure of offices in Japan and Russia. First cuts will affect employees of advertising and marketing departments. According to the source, for employees of Electronic Arts, this news was not a surprise. The company has for some time not gaining new staff in these departments, and the people expect a reorganization at least since October of last year. However, the EA executives promised to make the softest and most offer places in other parts of the dismissed employees. Tellingly, in this year of staff cuts already announced, Activision Blizzard, ArenaNet and CD Projekt. Tags close electronic employees fired Moscow office Battle Royale Games Worth Attention In 2019 GOG Galaxy 2.0 will unite the games with other digital distribution platforms EA distributes the PC version of The Sims 4 in Origin THQ Nordic spoke about the success of Metro Exodus and the new game for 4A Games Ukrainian Studio received a new order for the AAA game. Well-known game publisher THQ Nordic …	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line859
__label__wiki	0.806394	0.806394	Home / sports / Kozlov came out in the second round in Charleston Kozlov came out in the second round in Charleston 05.04.2019 sports 46 Views The fourth racket of Ukraine was successfully launched in the main draw clay tournament category Premier in the United States. In the first round, “Volvo Car Open” Ekaterina Kozlova met with the 93-th racket of the world Kristina Pliskova. In personal meetings the Ukrainian was defeated with the score 1:2, and in the last two games Kozlova has not won a single set. At the start of the match, Kozlov bounced back from the account 1:3. In the end the party Catherine took the initiative, but to apply for a set are only at the second attempt. If in the first batch of players in two made seven breaks in the second set, Kozlov and Pliskova began alternately to win games on his serve. In the battle of nerves turned out to be stronger Ukrainian – in the ninth game hidden Kozlov earned a match-point and do not miss your chance. In the match against Pliskova Kozlov has filed 3 ACE, made one double fault, sold 5 of the 12 break points, lost three games on his serve and won 74% of points from the first ball. Next opponent Ekaterina Kozlova in Charleston will be the tenth world Arina Sobolenko, seeded on tournament at the third number. Kateryna Kozlova (Ukraine) – Kristina Pliskova (Czech Republic) – 7:5, 6:4 Tags charleston kozlov round second About the beatings in the colony of Kokorin and Mamaev said the former prisoner Denis Lebedev announced the completion of a Boxing career and prepares to become a politician The effectiveness of the exercise equipment, the Soviet Union has challenged The IAAF has concealed a positive doping sample of British athletes in 2014. The international Association of athletics federations (IAAF) in 2014, concealed positive doping tests …	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line860
__label__cc	0.721159	0.278841	Search on for driver after father killed in Bronx hit-and-run LONGWOOD, Bronx (WABC) -- A father from the Bronx was killed after police say he was hit by a car - the driver then took off. The accident happened on Bruckner Boulevard near Austin Place. Christopher Nieves, 37, was working at a construction job and was saving money to buy a house with the entire family. "My son is all my life, they killed something, they take out something for me inside," says Nieves' mother, Sara Pinto, Early Sunday, after Nieves returned home from a friend's house, police say a driver hit him and didn't stop. Nieves was left on the pavement with grave injuries. Nieves succumbed to his injuries at the hospital, changing Father's Day forever for his 11-year-old son and his family. Police originally believed the driver was in a green GMC Yukon SUV but now describe the vehicle as a brown or tan Chevy Tahoe. * More Bronx news longwoodbronxnew york cityhit and runpedestrian struck	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line867
__label__wiki	0.607055	0.607055	Browse: Home / 2015 / December / 08 / 3 ousted priests sue Church of Kenya over gay charges 3 ousted priests sue Church of Kenya over gay charges Posted by admin76crimes on December 8, 2015 in Africa, Faith and religion \| 167 Views \| 2 Responses The Rev. John Gachau (Photo by Boniface Mwangi courtesy of Nation Media Group) Three priests suspended for alleged homosexuality have sued the trustees of the Anglican Church of Kenya, the Daily Nation newspaper of Kenya reported today. The Revs. John Njogu Gachau, Paul Mwangi Warui and James Maina accused the church’s trustees of not adhering to the church’s constitution and the rules of natural justice when the Mt Kenya West Diocese disciplinary committee took action against them. Bishop Joseph Kagunda of the Anglican Church of Kenya announces on Sept. 11, 2015, the suspension of five priests accused of homosexual activity. (Photo courtesy of Nairobi News) Last month, they sued the diocesesan bishop, the Rt. Rev. Joseph Kagunda, for defamation. Gachua, the most prominent of the three priests, has condemned and rejected the accusations of homosexuality that led to his suspension and that of four other priests by the Anglican Church of Kenya. Gachau described himself as “a morally upright man with a loving wife and three adoring kids,” according to The Nairobian as reported on Standard Digital. “These accusations are false. I don’t get why a man can level such abhorrent claims against a servant of God. I have never had sex with a fellow man. This is just distasteful.” An archdeacon, Gachau was second in command after Bishop Kagunda in the Mt. Kenya West Diocese in central Kenya. Gachau was the leader of the St. Andrew Anglican Church Kagongo Parish in Othaya, Nyeri County. Gachau had unsuccessfully sought election to the position of diocesan bishop in 2004. Kagunda announced the suspensions Sept. 10 after the five priests were found guilty by an appointed 10-person tribunal, Kagunda said. They will not be allowed to serve in any Anglican Church in the country, he said. “Anyone who feels that homosexuals and gay marriages should be allowed in Church should find a different denomination,” he told the Daily Nation. After Gachau’s ouster, parishioners at his Kagongo Parish church walked out in protest against the bishop’s action. Few people attended the day’s official service inside, while Gachau led a service for his supporters outside under a tree. In subsequent weeks, attendance at the services inside the church remained weak, Daily Nation and Nairobi News reported. Low attendance at Kagongo parish services after the ouster of the Rev. John Gachau. (Photo by Joseph Kanyi courtesy of Nairobi News) Maina was ousted from St. Philip’s Thunguri Parish. Warui was barred from continuing to serve at Charity Parish. The Daily Nation reported today that lawyers from the Wonge Maina and Onsare partners law firm said, on behalf of the priests, that the church’s hearing that led to their termination “was a farce … calculated at validating a preconceived verdict.” The priests said they were not made aware of the charges when they were called to the tribunal. They also faulted the tribunal for not putting in writing the accusations made against them or making copies of the proceedings as provided in the church’s constitution. They had earlier sued the church commissioners for defamation and wrongful termination of employment, but the suit was amended when the commissioners said they did not employ the clergy. Now the trustees of the church also have denied being the employer of the priests, or of any clergy. “This is a trust that only holds funds for [the Anglican Chuch of Kenya] and it is purely an investment arm of the church that is run by a board of governors,” the trustees told the court. Three Priests in Gay Scandal Sue Anglican Church of Kenya (Dec. 8, 2015, Daily Nation) Gay row: Service grounded again (Sept. 28, 2015, Daily Nation) I am not a homosexual, says suspended Mt Kenya Anglican priest (Sept. 11, 2015, Standard Digital) Suspended Kenyan priest: I am not homosexual (Sept. 11, 2015, 76crimes.com) Kenya’s Anglican church revokes priest’s license, suspends four others, over gay sex allegations (Sept. 10, 2015, religionnews.com) Anglicans probe more gay priests (Sept. 8, 2015, Daily Nation) Anglican Church suspends five clerics over homosexuality (Sept. 10, 2015, Standard Media) Kenyan ‘gay’ priest facing expulsion from church (Sept. 6, 2015, Nairobi News) ACK suspends four gay ‘married with kids’ priests (Sept. 10, 2015, Nairobi News) Obama in Kenya: ‘Treat people equally under the law’ (July 25, 2015, 76crimes.com) Kenya buzzing with anti-gay worries as it awaits Obama’s visit (July 21, 2015, 76crimes.com) U.S.-based church votes to support LGBTI Africans (July 3, 2015, 76crimes.com) Posted in Africa, Faith and religion \| Tagged Africa (Sub Saharan), Anglican Church of Kenya, Charity Parish, Church of Kenya, James Maina, John Gachau, John Njogu Gachau, Joseph Kagunda, Kagongo, Kenya, Mt. Kenya West Diocese, Nyeri, Othaya, Paul Mwangi Warui, St. Andrew Anglican Church, Thunguri, Trials / punishments jerbearinsantafe December 8, 2015 at 11:06 am \| Permalink Reblogged this on Fairy JerBear's Queer/Trans News, Views & More From The City Different – Santa Fe, NM and commented: Three priests caught up in anti-gay hysteria, are suing the church that ousted them. Priest in homosexuality row demands apology from church – St. Paul's Foundation – The Official Website March 7, 2018 at 9:24 pm \| Permalink […] 3 ousted priests sue Church of Kenya over gay charges (December 2015, 76crimes.com) […]	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line874
__label__wiki	0.570934	0.570934	Tales from the Columbia Vaults: The Unauthorized Vinyl “Test” Pressings (1960) January 15, 2016 January 15, 2016 mainspring001 (This article was originally posted on September 17, 2012. We are reposting it, with some minor revisions, in response to many requests.) A c. 1960s custom vinyl pressing of Duke Ellington’s 1931 “Creole Rhapsody” (Victor). Obsolete labels were sometimes flipped over and used as blanks on these pressings; this example uses an old Yorkville label from the late 1930s. We often see modern, blank-labeled vinyl “test” pressings of very old recordings on auction lists. They’re original-stamper pressings, usually of unissued or extremely rare material, and the surface quality is generally superb. Collectors have long been curious about the origin and legality of these pressings. We recently discovered the answer among the late Bill Bryant’s papers (at least, as far as the Columbia-related pressings are concerned) which includes copies of the late William Moran’s voluminous correspondence with various collectors and dealers. The “inside job” we detail below was not unique. Someone within Decca, for instance, made large numbers of unauthorized vinyl pressings of rare 1920s jazz material from Gennett and Brunswick-Vocalion masters at around the same time the CBS insiders were pulling unauthorized “test” pressings from old masters by the score. The same happened at RCA, although that company (unlike CBS) allowed such pressings to be ordered legitimately through its Custom Products department, for a rather stiff fee. In addition, during the 1950s and 1960s many new pressings from previously unissued material were pulled at RCA in connection with its “X” and “Vintage” reissue programs. Although supposedly intended for internal use by those involved in the projects, a substantial number seem to have been pressed, based on how many have since made their way into auction lists and collectors’ hands. This, however, is the first time that such detailed information on unauthorized pressings has surfaced from a company insider. Illegal? Certainly — But whether anyone involved was a villain (other than perhaps the record companies) depends on your point of view. Our take is that those involved performed a valuable service in preserving important historic material that was subsequently trashed and written off by irresponsible corporate owners. In October 1960, a disgruntled CBS employee (who we’ll call “X”) contacted Bill Moran to alert him that the Columbia Records division was house-cleaning its Bridgeport, Connecticut plant and was planning to scrap many of its masters, including its holdings of Fonotipia and other imported recordings, the E- series foreign and ethnic material, and all of the early 16” radio transcriptions. X’s letters to Moran provide a rare insider’s look at exactly what remained in Bridgeport in 1960. He reported that some “ancient stuff” (including cylinders, cylinder-phonograph parts, and display-model phonographs) still existed but had recently been “removed to some other part of the plant.” The earliest recording files had not survived, and there had been no effort to copy or microfilm what remained; in addition, the files had recently been placed off-limits to outsiders and employees, other than company librarian Helene Chmura, and photocopying was forbidden. The master-scrapping was already under way by the time X wrote to Moran — He reported that the metal parts were being hauled out in bucket loaders, ground up, and sold to a scrap dealer by the ton. X’s formal recommendation that some of this material be preserved was ignored by management, so in late October he sent a list of endangered masters to Moran, with the suggestion that Moran ask Stanford University to intervene, and hinting that in the meantime he could supply Moran with unauthorized vinyl pressings of virtually anything in the vaults — He claimed he was already doing just that for some Columbia employees. The process is documented in an exchange of letters between X and Moran that began on October 31, 1960. On November 11 he wrote to Moran, I have been securing test pressings without authority for the past two months. I had to “thread my way” until I could enlist help. Luckily he [the test pressman] is cooperative… I have been limiting my operation to twice a week and taking out parcels only every other week. One week I took out 16 [parcels], last week 19… I have managed to get a few humans in the plant (there are a few) to break regulations for me… I will attempt, over a period of time, to secure for you the materials you desire. These, if I get them, will be gratis. The process was a complicated one, and it involved many Columbia employees at a time when (according to X) worker morale was at a low ebb. To make the early stampers compatible with a modern press, the metal and composition backings had to be removed and replaced, and new holes had to be drilled in the stampers, which were then forwarded to the polishing department, from which they were sent to the test pressman. While all of this was going on under management’s nose, X was assuring Moran that he could even have new metal stampers plated for him, if desired. Moran’s want-list initially included only early operatics, but was soon expanded to include political speeches from Nation’s Forum, rare personal recordings by the likes of Irving Berlin and Booker T. Washington, and even one of the 1908 vertical-cut disc tests (an idea that Columbia ended up not pursuing commercially). X soon upped the frequency and pressing quantities of his clandestine runs. Many copies were handed out as favors to Columbia employees who were in on the activity, including Helene Chmura, the archive’s highly esteemed librarian. Chmura knew of X’s activities and had warned him to be careful, but reportedly she was happy to accept a group of custom Lotte Lehmann pressings. In November, X told Moran he was looking into ways of supplying him with copies of the restricted files that were in Chmura’s charge. On November 16, X wrote to Moran, “Last Friday I took out 18 tests, including duplicates, in an open parcel… On Monday Bill [the chief of security] suggested that I not take out so many so often.” He went on to boast, I have the run of the plant and have taken full advantage of it — women in duplicating will make photostats, Helene will make photocopies; the polisher will prepare masters for pressings… The Chief of Security Police allows me to make off with the records; the librarian’s files are at my disposal. X promised Moran even larger shipments of the unauthorized pressings in a letter dated November 23: I’ll send you a ton of pressings if I can discover how this can be arranged… One of the chaps in the Methods & Procedures Office this afternoon told me that he can smuggle pressings out for me if I cannot continue my present methods. These boys have briefcases which never are examined by the bulldogs. I have been furnishing two of these M&P men with records made to order. A day later, X wrote to Moran to update him on his secret copying of the recording files, reporting that he was “lifting it right out from under [Helene Chmura’s] nose.” And that’s the final letter in our “X” file. © 2016 Mainspring Press LLC. Categories: 78 and Other Disc Records, 78 rpm Record Labels, 78 rpm records, American national discography, Columbia 78 Records, Decca 78-rpm records, Record Labels & Companies, Recording Industry History, Victor 78 rpm Records Tags: columbia records, columbia test pressings, custom vinyl pressings of 78 records, pirating of recordings, test pressings, test vs. cutsom pressings, unauthorized re-pressings of 78 records, vinyl test pressings, what is a test pressing?, william moran ← “Red Label” Gramophone Records — Highlights from the February 1904 G&T Catalog The Playlist • Armand J. Piron’s New Orleans Orchestra / Ida G. Brown (1923–1925) →	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line875
__label__cc	0.576678	0.423322	Photo © Katie Whitney Open seating for feminist art by Katie Whitney From the August, 2008 issue There's nothing so blatantly vaginal as Judy Chicago's work in the current exhibition at the Ann Arbor Art Center, although it obviously refers to her controversial feminist masterpiece, The Dinner Party. Sponsored by the Michigan Women's Caucus for Art and the Feminist Art Project, the juried show includes works in various media by Michigan artists and is self-consciously by and about women. The pieces particularly address women's places at the table, but which table? Judy Chicago's table? The political table? The dinner table? Take Poprah, a high-backed bejeweled chair plastered with small pictures of previous popes and Oprah Winfrey's smiling face front and center. It's tempting to read this as yet another (clichéd) critique of Oprah's sickening fame and ungodly influence. On the other hand, in light of the exhibition's theme, it might refer to the censure women endure when they achieve successes traditionally reserved for men. The chair's glittery, tacky aesthetic lends itself to either interpretation. In addition to Poprah, there are several other literal chairs: a rocking chair hangs from the ceiling, suspended by strips of what looks like a garish chartreuse T-shirt. Another chair, entirely decoupaged in photos and magazine clippings with injunctions like "Express yourself" and "Feminist," reminds me of projects I did as a teenager. Generations is a row of three attached seats. The chair on the right, a child's seat attached at the hip of the center chair, dangles off the ground, while the chair on the left is simply a frame with no seat at all. Three photographs on the center seat portray generations of mothers and daughters. Bookended by a ghostly frame (a dead grandmother? an absent partner?) and a too-close kiddie seat, the middle one is the only viable spot for a grown woman: an apt commentary on the burden of motherhood. I didn't know what to make of some of the less literal works. One giant print, Untitled #1 from Life Size and Other Lies Series, depicts a young blond girl sitting in a fifties kitchen. She wears a sly inscrutable smile and holds up a large spoon, ready to dig into a box of Frosted Flakes on the table. Visually, with the sea-foam-green and carnation-pink kitchen colors and her face as big as Tony the Tiger's, it's grrrrreat. But I can't figure out what the hell it means. I also couldn't understand a piece called Brainstorm (Iraq War Memorial). The bloody mangled head of a doll sits atop a wooden stump inside a broken glass box with shards of glass and thick twisty wires protruding from it as if her thoughts had exploded. It's certainly violent, but I'm not sure how it relates to the Iraq War specifically. Some more subtle but often more powerful works hide in little nooks around the exhibit. I fell in love with All Tied Up, a simple contour line drawing of two nude women bandaged to chairs. The use of bandages instead of ropes or chains suggests broken bones, with the chairs acting as splints; perhaps it's a sad image of the figures' symbiotic relationship to oppression. Like the rest of the exhibition, this piece is up for interpretation through Sunday, August 10. [Review published August 2008]	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line877
__label__cc	0.646887	0.353113	Sacramento's K-ZAP 4+ California Talking Machine and Wireless Company, LLC 50 Years of Rock, Blues and More. K-ZAP is a community supported radio station, 100% commercial free, 100% Rock & Roll. We play the best rock from the 60s through 2017, 50 years of artistry, expertly curated and delivered to Sacramento and the world. Feature Updates Sim20000 , 10/23/2015 Perfect way to listen to classic rock Good streaming quality, integrates with car audio systems, minimal dj interruptions and no traditional commercials, plus the best music. What more could a person ask for? KZAP is back! DCPhotographer , 10/29/2015 Great Music not a good app This app has really only one function that it is good at - being able to listen to K-ZAP radio in Sacramento, CA. The DJ and the music is outstanding - they are not an ordinary classic rock station - they play music from 1965 to 2015 and the cuts from the 60s, 70s, 80s, 90s are ones besides just the top hits - and they throw in the occasional blues song and other formats that are fit with AOR music. My beef with the app is it does't do much else - it doesn't show the stations top tunes, recent playlist, the ability to vote on songs, discuss music - check out the app for Radio Paradise for what a real radio app can be. That being said - I do listen and really enjoy the great music and DJs of KZAP - hopefully they will get an app that's as good as the station someday Mike from Sac , 07/31/2015 KZAP is back. Virtually no commercials, plays several songs in a row before talking, playlist is full of older less-played rock songs, a lot like the old album-rock FM days. I used to listen in the 70's as I was passing through Sac from SF to Tahoe. It’s my fav FM station now. The app is good and works well, but it stopped showing the current song and artist and has been frozen on Jackson Browne for a few days. It plays fine, just the current song info is frozen. I hope they fix it soon. It was great to hear a great old song and be able to see the name and artist. © California Talking Machine and Wireless Company, LLC JFK Moonshot Ledger Dispatch Sharky's Rewards SacramentoKings+Golden1Center Aftershock Festival DVD Netflix	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line884
__label__wiki	0.590417	0.590417	Blog Phyno & Olamide Toronto Concert Cancellation: Artists Beware of Slimy Promoters that will Ruin Your Reputation Phyno & Olamide Toronto Concert Cancellation: Artists Beware of Slimy Promoters that will Ruin Your Reputation In Music Business by Africa Music Law™ December 18, 2017 Leave a Comment In case you missed it, Phyno and Olamide were scheduled for concerts in Toronto on November 24, 2017. The event was widely promoted and the artists also used their platforms to promote the event. Fans of the duo bought tickets that retailed at $50 & $100 (VIP), respectively. However, on the day of the event, the duo failed to show up to perform. Instead, the MC for the evening explained that Olamide was sick and Phyno was by his side. Concert-goers were incensed with the excuse and instead began to vandalize property and react angrily until the police were called in to diffuse the situation. There is no justification for vandalizing property. But, it would be an understatement to say that many Nigerian and African promoters in the diaspora have pushed the patience of the average African diasporan music fan to the maximum. As the Afrobeats genre expands on international shores, two things are happening: 1) western concert promoter brands are realizing and looking to truly provide an experience for music fans, Africans included: and 2) many of these fans now threaten legal action, take legal action, or act in the less recommended route of physical retaliation. It is alleged, in this instance of the cancelled concert that the promoter here allegedly did not have the funds to produce an event of this calibre. The initial deposit fee was allegedly obtained through fraudulent means and the promoter failed to pay the remnant fee due to the talents upon their arrival, hence the talents not performing. We do not know whether the allegations are true. What I do know is that I have discussed this issue and addressed the red flags to watch out for in the AML archived case of Burna Boy v. Vibesland Entertainment. So, listen to that podcast if you have not already and be careful of slimy promoters. Slimy promoters will destroy your brand reputation, getting you arrested like Dammy Krane, and get you badly injured at the hands of angry fans. -Ms. Uduak The statement released by YBNL and Penthauze Entertainment after the drama: “We humbly apologize to our fans who bought tickets for The Culture Tour in Canada. Olamide and Phyno love and adore their fans and did everything within their power to ensure they performed at the event. However the promoter Prince George Entertainment defaulted on the our agreement . It was announced at the venue during the show that Phyno was sick and he couldn’t perform which is a lie . Phyno wasn’t sick and was/is in good health. Olamide and Phyno met up with all obligations to make the event a success and where present in Canada ready to perform but the promoter Prince George Entertainment refused to honor our agreement. Our humble apologies once more as we understand a lot of fans sacrificed so much to be at the event.” YBNL & PENTHAUZE MANAGEMENT	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line897
__label__cc	0.547258	0.452742	Question 1 Oxytocic drugs are used before birth to induce uterine contractions Oxytocic drugs are used before birth to induce uterine contractions. It is also used to cause an abortion or control postpartum vaginal haemorrhage. Ergonovine, Methylergonovine, Oxytocin, Carboprost, Dinoprostone and Mifepristone are drugs under this category. 1) State the action of each oxytocic drugs that has been mentioned above. 2) Describe the use of each of the drugs and their adverse reaction. Ergonovine is able to trigger muscles of uterine to increase level of force and frequency of contractions. This contractions, in usual doses precede in periods of relaxation but in in larger doses, the basal uterine tone will be elevated and will be decreasing the relaxation periods. Ergonovine is also inducer of cervical contractions. Since the uterus is more sensitive to oxytoxic effects towards the end of pregnancy, and the oxytocic actions of ergonovine are greater than its vascular effects, it can produces arterial vasoconstriction by stimulation of alpha-adrenergic and serotonin receptors and inhibition of endothelial-derived relaxation factor release. Therefore, ergonovine causes vasoconstriction of coronary arteries (“Ergonovine – DrugBank”, 2018). Adverse reactions of ergonovine however includes cardiovascular side effects, including blood pressure elevation (sometimes extreme), chest pain, dizziness, myocardial infarction, ventricular arrhythmias, bradycardia, and peripheral vasospasm, gastrointestinal side effects including nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and abdominal or stomach pain, hypersensitivity side effects including allergic reactions (including shock) have occurred with ergonovine. General side effects have included unpleasant taste, tinnitus, sweating, uterine cramps, and nasal congestion. Nervous system side effects have included headache (mild and transient). Respiratory side effects have included dyspnea (“Ergonovine Side Effects in Detail – Drugs.com”, 2018). Methylergometrine acts right on the smooth muscle of the uterus and increases the tone, rate, and fullness of rhythmic contractions over binding and the resultant antagonism of the dopamine D1 receptor. Thus, it encourages a rapid and continuous tetanic uterotonic effect which shortens the third stage of labor and lessens blood loss. (“Methylergometrine – DrugBank”, 2018) More common confrontational reactions to methylergometrine are abdominal pain, headache, increased blood pressure, cardiovascular side effects including palpitations, hypertension, hypotension, acute myocardial infarction, transient chest pains, arterial spasm (coronary and peripheral), bradycardia, and tachycardia and respiratory side effects have included dyspnoea and nasal congestion (“Methylergonovine Side Effects in Detail – Drugs.com”, 2018). Oxytocin promotes contractions by increasing the intracellular Ca2+, which in turn initiates myosin’s light chain kinase. Intensifications contraction amplitude and frequency, which tends to decrease cervical activity, produce dilation and effacement of the cervix, and transiently delay uterine blood flow; contractions produced by oxytocin at term are similar to those occurring during spontaneous labor. Uterine response increases with the duration of pregnancy and is greater in labor than when not in labor; only very large doses elicit contractions in early pregnancy. Contracts myoepithelial cells surrounding the alveoli of the breasts, forcing milk from the alveoli into the larger ducts and facilitating milk ejection. Minimal antidiuretic activity relative to vasopressin; water intoxication possible at high doses and/or excessive electrolyte-free fluid (“Oxytocin – DrugBank”, 2018). Cardiovascular side effects have included hypertension, premature ventricular contractions, sinus tachycardia, and other cardiac arrhythmias. Neonatal bradycardia, premature ventricular contractions and other arrhythmias have been reported. Nervous system side effects have included mania-like disturbances and seizures. Neonatal seizures and permanent CNS or brain damage has been reported. Genitourinary side effects have included pelvic hematoma. Excessive doses have produced pelvic fracture, uterine hypertonicity, spasm, tetanic contraction and rupture. Hepatic side effects have included neonatal jaundice (“Oxytocin Side Effects in Detail – Drugs.com”, 2018). Carboprost is an artificial prostaglandin that fixes to prostaglandin E2 receptor, causing myometrial contractions, causing the beginning of labour or the discharge of the placenta. Prostaglandins occur naturally in the body and act at several sites in the body including the womb (uterus). They act on the muscles of the womb, causing them to contract. Carboprost tromethamine administered intramuscularly stimulates in the gravid uterus myometrial contractions similar to labor contractions at the end of a full term pregnancy. Whether or not these contractions result from a direct effect of carboprost on the myome-trium has not been determined. However, they evacuate the products of conception from the uterus in most cases. Carboprost tromethamine also stimulates the smooth muscle of the human gastrointestinal tract. This activity may produce the vomiting or diarrhea or both that is common when is used to terminate pregnancy. With the clinical doses of carboprost tromethamine used for the termination of pregnancy, some patients do experience temperature increases (“Carboprost Tromethamine – DrugBank”, 2018). Adverse reactions including diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, increased temperature and flushing are the most frequent adverse reactions observe. Adverse effects of this drug are generally transient and reversible when therapy ends. Endometritis, retained placental fragments, and excessive uterine bleeding were the most common complications after discharge from the hospital. Transient pyrexia may be due to the effect of carboprost on hypothalamic thermoregulation. Temperature elevation have been reported of the patients who received the recommended dosage regimen. In all cases, temperature returned to normal when therapy ended (“Carboprost Side Effects in Detail – Drugs.com”, 2018). Dinoprostone administered by intravaginal stimulates the myometrium of uterus to contract in a manner that is similar to the contractions seen in uterus during labor, resulting in the clearing of the products of conception from the uterus. It is believed that dinoprostone exerts its uterine effects via direct myometrial stimulation, but the exact mechanism of action is unknown. Dinoprostone also appears to produce local cervical effects including softening, effacement, and dilation. Although the exact mechanism of action for this effect is also unknown, but it has been suggested that this effect may be associated with collagen degradation caused by secretion of the enzyme collagenase as a partial response to locally administered dinoprostone. (“Dinoprostone – DrugBank”, 2018). More common adverse effects may include abdominal or stomach cramps, diarrhoea, fever, nausea, vomiting, less common or rare, chills or shivering, constipation, flushing, headache, swelling of the genital area (vulva), tender or mildly bloated abdomen or stomach (“Dinoprostone topical Side Effects in Detail – Drugs.com”, 2018). The abortion action of mifepristone is caused by competitive interaction with progesterone at progesterone-receptor sites. The compound hinders the activity of progesterone resulting in termination of pregnancy. For the treatment of Cushing’s syndrome, Mifepristone blocks the binding of cortisol to its receptor. It does not decrease cortisol production but reduces the effects of excess cortisol, such as high blood sugar levels. Mifepristone is a synthetic steroid with antiprogestational effects indicated for the medical termination of intrauterine pregnancy through 49 days’ pregnancy. (“Mifepristone – DrugBank”, 2018). The most commonly reported side effects included uterine contractions/cramping, diarrhoea, and abdominal pain, uterine contractions or cramping usually occurred within hours of oral administration, heavy bleeding required haemostatic curettage and some conditions such as endometritis, heavy bleeding, pelvic inflammatory disease, cramps, dysmenorrhea, hypermenorrhoea, intermenstrual bleeding, menstrual disorder, spotting, vaginal haemorrhage (“Misoprostol Side Effects in Detail – Drugs.com”, 2018). Asthma is a respiratory condition characterized by recurrent attacks of dyspnea and wheezing caused by bronchi constriction. It is an obstructive of lower airway and can be reversible. To treat asthma, various combination of anti asthma drugs are used. Sympathomimetic Drug, Xanthine Derivative, Corticosteroids, Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists and Leukotriene Formation Inhibitors, Mast Cell Stabilizer 1) Explain each of the drugs mechanism of action with its uses. Sympathomimetic drugs mimic the effects of sympathetic activation on the heart and circulation. Sympathomimetics stimulate the heart through activation of beta-adrenoceptors, and cause vascular smooth muscle contraction and vasoconstriction through activation of alpha-adrenoceptors like the sympathetic nerves innervating the heart. Sympathomimetics are used in conditions where it is appropriate to raise blood pressure by stimulating the heart and inducing vasoconstriction. Because long-term use of sympathomimetics is deleterious, they are used for short-term treatment of refractory heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and hypotension caused by hemorrhage or sepsis. Most sympathomimetics are catecholamines or analogs of catecholamines that can be divided into two mechanistic classes: 1) alpha-adrenoceptor agonists (?-agonists), and 2) beta-adrenoceptor agonists (?-agonists) (“CV Pharmacology \| Sympathomimetics”, 2018). Xanthine derivatives helps breathing process by dilating air passages in the lungs. It is used in the treatment of asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. (“XANTHINE DERIVATIVES – ORAL side effects, medical uses, and drug interactions.”, 2018). Corticosteroids are steroid hormones that can be produced by body or synthetic. Naturally occurring corticosteroids, hydrocortisone and cortisone, are produced by the outer portion of the adrenal gland known as the cortex. Corticosteroids are classified as either glucocorticoids (anti-inflammatory) which suppress inflammation and immunity and assist in the breakdown of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, or mineralocorticoids (salt retaining) that regulate the balance of salt and water in the body. Synthetic corticosteroids imitate the actions of naturally occurring corticosteroids and can be used to replace corticosteroids in people with adrenal glands that cannot produce enough corticosteroids, however, they are used often to treat diseases of immunity, inflammation or salt and water balance. Some glucocorticoids also can retain salt. Fludrocortisone (Florinef), a synthetic mineralocorticoid has powerful salt retaining effects with significant anti-inflammatory actions, and is used mostly for its salt retaining capabilities (Omudhome Ogbru, 2018). Leukotriene receptor antagonists, called LTRAs for short, are a class of oral medication that is non-steroidal. They may also be referred to as anti-inflammatory bronchoconstriction preventers. LTRAs work by blocking a chemical reaction that can lead to inflammation in the airways. Although not preferred first choice therapy. LTRAs can also be used when an inhaled corticosteroid cannot, or will not, be used. (“Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists (LTRAs) – Asthma Canada”, 2018) Mast cell stabilizers are a group of medicines that stop the release of histamine and other chemical mediators from mast cells. Mast cells are a type of leukocyte and are involved in allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, anaphylaxis, asthma, autoimmune diseases, eczema, itch, and reproductive disorders. The mast cell stabilizers cromolyn and nedocromil work by hindering a calcium channel that is essential for mast cell degranulation. Mast cell stabilizers may be used to prevent asthma and symptoms of seasonal or chronic allergic rhinitis (“List of Mast cell stabilizers – Drugs.com”, 2018). Ginger has been used since the ancient times as a cure for gastrointestinal problems such as nausea DEVELOPMENTAL CHECKLIST – 18 – 24 MONTHS CHILD’S NAME The Medicines Act 1968 Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 COSHH The Mental Capacity Act 2005 The Misuse of Drugs Safe Custody Regulations The Data Protection Act 1998 plus equality legislation The Access to Health Records Act 1990 https Midterm Research Paper – Market Entry Strategy Project International Business Question no ← Talisha Torres SPN 150 Professor Moraña10 May 2018 Latinos Contribution to U Participant observation We live in a society where we come across various panhandlers →	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line898
__label__wiki	0.565695	0.565695	Author Archives: Ramoo In water-stressed Andhra, farmers sign pact to share ground water Posted on June 5, 2016 October 31, 2018 by Ramoo KumKum Dasgupta, Hindustan Times, Anantapur Ram Chandru Reddy, a 67-year-old agriculturist, has been farming his three-acre plot at Kummaravandla Pally, a hamlet in Anantapur district, for as long as he can remember. “Farming is in my blood. But I nearly gave it up couple of years ago because of water crisis,” says Reddy, who grows rice, groundnut and red gram. “But the crisis was averted because we decided to share groundwater”. Anantapur is the second-most backward and drought-prone district in India. Over the past six months, 22 farmers have committed suicide in Anantapur. Till 2010, the water shortage was manageable. “We did not have to dig deep; we used bullocks to draw water from wells to irrigate our lands,” recalled Venkat Ramana Reddy, a 50-year-old farmer. Post 2000, the region’s semi-arid weather, deep hard rock aquifers, perversely incentivised power and monetary subsidies, and absence of any formal legislation or social regulation to govern extraction led to competitive borewell digging, all of which led to a rapid fall in groundwater levels. The water shortage led to tension between borewell and non-borewell owning farmers, even as cultivation of water-intensive crops continued. Read: India’s groundwater crisis India draws more groundwater each year than the US and China combined; with 89% of groundwater extracted used in the irrigation sector. With rain the most significant source of groundwater recharge, any change in the rainfall pattern influences the groundwater level. India has a rough estimate of how much groundwater it has but there is no micro-level data and this hampers groundwater management at a localised level. “The national aquifer mapping programme can help generate granular data for groundwater and make it available for public policy. The idea is to show groundwater is not an infinite resource that can be pumped out endlessly,” said Mala Subramaniam, CEO, Arghyam, a Bangalore-based non-profit. “Second, gram panchayats should be equipped with the basic understanding of hydrogeology and traditional knowledge to help them manage the groundwater efficiently”. TAKING THE BULL BY THE HORNS Instead of blaming the monsoon and fate, farmers at Kummaravandla Pally joined hands with the government and WASSAN, an NGO, to tackle the crisis in 2010. After a situational analysis, 25 farmers formed a collective – Kolagunti Ummadi Neeti Yajamanya Sangham — to “share groundwater with each other” to sustain their crops. Watch \| How farmers from Anantapur found a solution to the groundwater crisisAds by ZINC This led to the concept of networking of borewells to secure rain-fed crops of all farmers, irrespective of borewell ownership. By linking all borewells with a network of pipelines and outlets, all farmers can now access groundwater. To ensure compliance, the farmers signed a MoU in the presence of district officials. The agreement’s institutional norms include the following clauses: The committee would have farmers with and without borewells; a joint account would be opened in the names of these members; equal contribution towards share capital, irrespective of borewell ownership; annual contribution towards the maintenance fund, on per acre basis at Rs 100 per acre; one farmer would be elected for monitoring the schedule for water distribution/allocation and also collect contribution from each member. Read: Six charts that explain India’s water crisis There are non-institutional norms for sharing too. No new borewells should be dug for 10 years without the permission of committee; the irrigated area under borewells will not be increased but the critically-irrigated area can be ; in the critically irrigated areas, water should be given for sowing, flowering, pod development, and crop harvesting; crop budgeting exercise must before sowing ; the System of Rice Intensification, which uses less water, should be practiced for paddy cultivation; micro Irrigation system (drips and sprinklers) should be used to conserve water; and any repairs to the borewells during critical phase (June to November) will be borne form the maintenance fund. During the rest of the year, borewell maintenance will be done by the owners. FINE PRINT: The Borewell Sharing Agreement INSTITUTIONAL NORMS Farmers with or without borewells can join, if they contribute equally towards share capital Members have joint accounts; annual contribution towards maintenance fund is Rs 100 per acre One farmer elected to monitor water allocation and collect contribution NON-INSTITUTIONAL NORMS No new borewells for next 10 years, irrigated area to remain the same as 2009 Critically irrigated area can increase, but water provided for four key crop phases Crop water budgeting exercise a must before sowing If paddy is cultivated, the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) should be practiced Micro irrigation system such as drips and sprinklers to be used to conserve water The farmers got financial support from the government for pipeline network and regulators for connecting existing borewells, sprinklers and drips systems. For promoting diversity in agriculture, the National Food Security Mission and the agriculture department provided red gram and groundnut seeds were provided free. Government schemes such as horticulture plantation in five acres of land; water and soil conservation works under the MGNREGS and NADEP compost pits for non-pesticide management are used by the farmers. GREEN DREAM The agreement led to a new way of agriculture in the 72 acres of land of 25 farmers. Since 2010, the cropping pattern has changed, leading to diversity of crops, reduction in costs of cultivation; improvement in value of produce and profit. According to a study by the Department of Rural Development and Social Work, Sri Krishna Devaraya University, Anantapur, the use of pipeline system instead of field channels has increased water use efficiency. Critical irrigation helped in preventing crop loss, and raised productivity of groundnut. Groundwater levels have been sustained since 2009 , while the area under agriculture and critical irrigation improved, shows data. Thanks to the success of this borewell pooling, the Andhra Pradesh government is scaling it up across the state via the Indira Jalaprabha Scheme. In Telangana, several villages in six districts — Mahbubnagar, Ranga Reddy , Warangal, Medak, Karimnagar and Adilabad — are piloting this participatory groundwater management programme. The author tweets at @kumkumdasgupta https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/in-water-stressed-andhra-farmers-sign-pact-to-share-ground-water/story-tcv4mP5mXNBvE74vzqB7eN.html Telangana Cooperatives Act 2016 The Andhra Pradesh Mutually Aided Cooperative Societies Act, 1995 came in response to an understanding in the state government, that the policy and legislative environment for investment sensitive, investor owned and controlled business was being increasingly opened, while usage-sensitive, user owned and controlled business continue to be very tightly controlled. In order for rural producers and others to engage with labour, financial, commodity markets effectively, it was understood that disadvantages communities needed a more liberal cooperative law. However, the G.O.28 significantly takes away the spirit of autonomy available in the AP Mutually Aided Cooperative Societies Act, 1995. The G.O. assuming that cooperatives as “peoples” institutions – Cooperatives are not peoples’ organisations; they are their members’ institutions. The GO restores some of the key provisions to the department of cooperation (excluded in APMACS Act 1995) that have been used over decades to control cooperatives. These provisions include: The Government is competent authority to make provisions, from time to time, take necessary steps for making provisions with respect to the incorporation, regulation and winding up of co-operative societies based on the principle of voluntary formation, democratic member control, member economic participation and autonomous functioning as deemed necessary – which goes against the spirit of the right to form cooperatives. The bylaws of the cooperative could be compulsorily amended, again, even against the general body’s resolution to the contrary. Earlier this provision was almost always used to exempt the government or the registrar from fulfilling responsibility, such as the timely conduct of elections, audit. The powers given to the Registrar for registration and renewals which is against the spirit of the right to form cooperative. If Cooperatives are filing returns, it is the responsibility of registrar to verify and take measures at their level. Why do they go for renewal? The department as well as cooperatives would develop a vested interest. Admission of members and removal from membership and intimation to Registrar within 30 days: Government can make effort to ensure that the registrar would play its role in enable the cooperatives, and then regulate only where regulation was imperative. But keeping these types of provisions would undermine the functions and role of the management of cooperative societies. Size and term of the Board: The 1995 Act has sought, through this provision, to prevent to the extent possible, any vacuum in management, which has been experienced under the 1964 Act, to bring in the dreaded “Person-in-Charge” for the interregnum. By having less than half the directors retiring at any time, the 1995 Act has tried to ensure that there is always a quorum, and a democratically elected body is in position. Functional directors in the Board: Coopt persons as the functional directors to the Boards of cooperatives, and resolutions of the board could be annulled, if the nominated directors were uncomfortable with them. This means, all the cooperatives are in the hands of “professionals”. These people will have influence on decision making of the board without having membership responsibilities, ownership on the affairs of cooperative, accountability and liability of financial results of the cooperatives Conduct of elections: Based on experience, It is simply not possible for any third party to organize elections to all tiny and large cooperatives when their elections fall due. It is also not possible for them to print ballot papers with specific symbols chosen by candidates of each cooperative – the result is that ballot papers are printed en mass; common election dates are fixed for similar type of cooperatives; the fixing of common dates requires the deliberate withholding of elections where those have become due, for ease of management by the external party; politicisation takes place as media and parties begin to get involved in the results of a large number of cooperatives going to elections on the same day. In fact, the cost of elections shoots up as centralized printing, security arrangements, TA/DA of officers, etc, are all to be borne by the cooperatives. Further, centralized elections reinforce the misconception that cooperatives are state agencies. It is responsibility of every cooperative society to conduct member education programs based on their activities, need and importance. What way TSCU is concerned about it. Who will bear the certification cost? Who is benefiting from this clause??? All amendments to bye-laws require registration in this GO. The company law requires registration only to changes in the memorandum (which provides the ‘identify’ of a company). Amendments to articles only required filing of the amendment for record. This is why, in the 1995 Act, amendments to only key provisions were listed for registration- the rest were to be sent for taking on record only. Registrar’s role to fix the staffing pattern, qualifications, pay scales and other allowances to the employees of the society; this will undermine functions & role of management. If registrar is involved, staff of cooperatives, feel more privileged in society than accountable to the cooperatives that they work with. Supersession of the Board and appoint the official Administrator(s) to manage the affairs of the society: Elections to cooperatives were not their own business – they are conducted by the registrar, under government fiat. Where other provisions had rendered the cooperative impotent in its business, provisions related to elections made the cooperative a potent political instrument in the hands of the party in governance, for accommodating party workers who could not be made legislators. Elections were withheld for years in most states, and often held under court directions.Elected boards could be superseded by the government/registrar on any number of times either for serious or frivolous charges, based on ‘the opinion of the registrar’. In this case, restraining the board for not conducting elections on time as per their bye-laws is contradicting. Dissolution by Registrar: A cooperative is a creature of its members, and, therefore, it provides for the members to choose not to continue their association with one another, to dissolve their cooperative. Settlement of disputes by registrar: If the registering authority is given the right to unilaterally dissolve a cooperative on any of these counts, as such right may lead to unhealthy practices. In the 1995 Act, the approach was to ensure that the department would not develop a vested interest in cooperatives, even while it had some core corrective measures in its hands. The effort was to ensure that it would play the role of registration, and then regulate only where regulation was imperative, and that these functions would not be undermined by any management role. 160601 Letter to Commissioner for Co-operation & Registrar of Co-operative Societies, Govt. of Telangana 2016AGLC_MS28 Farmers Tax Exempt—So Is Company With Rs 215-Cr Profit Posted on March 16, 2016 October 31, 2018 by Ramoo It’s reasonably well known that income from agriculture attracts no tax in India. What isn’t quite as well known is that of more than 400,000 taxpayers claiming exemption for agricultural income in the assessment year 2014-15, the biggest were seed giant Kaveri Seeds—it claimed Rs 186.63 crore exemption and made a profit of Rs 215.36 crore before tax—and multinational Monsanto India, which claimed Rs 94.40 crore as exemption from agricultural income and earned Rs 138.74 crore profit before tax. Agro-companies growing crops are allowed the same tax relief as individuals in states levying no agricultural income tax, although some states do indeed tax some kinds of farming. “Allowing big farmers—individuals or companies farming more than say 30 acres—agricultural income-tax exemption makes no sense,�? said R Durairaj, CEO and founder,Mother India Farms, an organic farm. Durairaj farms 200 acres of family land and supports agricultural-income-tax reform—although he does not pay any tax on his agricultural income. On 39 million Indians, falls the country’s tax burden The rural crises that beset India are unprecedented this century, but agriculture also hides a number of companies and rich farmers, whom no finance minister will tax–although with their numbers declining, as we shall see, these are reasonably easy to identify. “Agricultural income is exempt from taxation in spite of large agricultural holdings,�? said the 2014 Third Tax Administration Reform Commission (TARC) report. “…a large number of rich farmers, who earn more than salaried employees in the cities, get away with paying no tax at all in view of the government’s lack of will to consider an agricultural income tax.�? Taxing large agriculturists would help widen India’s taxpayer base—as the 2016 Economic Survey recommended—beyond the current 5.5%, or 39 million earning individuals, who pay tax. The aversion to taxing agriculture is the fallout of a colonial experience when farmers were taxed, but it is not very widely know that some states do indeed tax some farms. Why agriculture has–largely–not been taxed for 130 years When India introduced income tax in 1886 under colonial rule, income tax on agriculture was kept out of its ambit because of existing land levies and the right to collect any form of agricultural income tax was vested with the main colonial administration. In 1935, the right to land revenue, and to potential agricultural income tax, was transferred to the provinces, today’s states. Since then, each state has developed its own agricultural income- tax policy, with wide interstate disparities. Consider these examples: Uttar Pradesh introduced agricultural income tax in 1948, and repealed it in 1957, one of six states to flip flop thus in the first decade post Independence, “to move away from oppressive agricultural taxes under the British, one of the reasons for the freedom struggle�?, said Indira Rajaraman, leading economist and RBI Chair Professor, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, New Delhi.Or, because “the meagre prospect of revenue of the tax on income arising from cultivation of non-plantation crops and also the growing cost of collection compelled some states to abandon this tax in course of time�?, writes Biswadeb Chatterjee in Tax Performance in Indian States: A Comparative Study. Assam introduced agricultural income tax in 1939. But it levies the tax, up to 45% (the highest slab), only on tea-cultivation income. “Leaving agricultural income taxation to individual states has resulted in plantations in Kerala being taxed at 50% while our competitors in neighbouring Tamil Nadu pay no tax,�? said Thomas Jacob, managing director, Poabs Estates, a 6,000-acre coffee, tea, cardamom and pepper plantation. “High taxes leave us with very little to reinvest in the land; consequently, plantations in Kerala, including our own, are loss-making,�? said Jacob, who is also vice chairman of the Association of Planters of Kerala. “Talk about one India must translate into practical action; agricultural income tax should be totally abolished or be made uniform across India.�? How bigger farmers justify their agricultural-income-tax-free status States should pass a resolution under Article 252 of the Constitution authorising the Centre to impose tax on agricultural income, and all such taxes collected by the Centre, net of collection costs, could be transferred to the states, said the 2014 tax administration reformreport. Against a tax-free limit of Rs 5 lakh on agricultural income, farmers with incomes around Rs 50 lakh could be taxed, recommended the report. That’s easier said than done, of course. Large farmers and agro-corporations with tax-free agricultural income wield significant clout over the government and they will lobby against it. Khushwant Singh, 43, writer and novelist, farms 12.14 acres in Punjab, a state where the average farmer holds 3.77 acres of land. There are 367 others like him in Punjab with holdings above 4 hectares, classified as medium farmers, or above 10 hectares, classified as large farmers, potential taxation targets, some economists argue. Here’s how some big farmers and farm companies justified their stance against agricultural income tax to IndiaSpend. “With yields across India having stagnated and most farmers lacking bargaining power to sell their produce, agriculture doesn’t leave much on the table for farmers. Significant economies of scale don’t kick in from farming large tracts of land because the cost of key inputs–seeds, fertiliser and water–rises almost proportionately,�? said Sandeep Saxena, managing director,Big India Farms, a farming and food-chain supply company. “Other business activity isn’t curtailed, whereas the land ceiling act restricts the land holding per family. Treat agriculture like any other business, hike the land ceiling per family to 100 acres at least; then consider taxing agricultural income,�? said Khushwant Singh, a writer and novelist who farms 30 acres. In Punjab, the law permits a family to hold 17.50 acres of irrigated land; and up to 32 acres of barren land without irrigation. A 17.50-acre farm is not enough to support a family nor does it justify mechanisation, said Singh. A tractor becomes cost effective only at double that size. Singh, his father and his brother collectively farm 60 acres and own two tractors between them. To augment family income, Singh senior has started a dhaba and Singh’s brother runs a resort, Citrus County. Land prices have appreciated so significantly in rural India that the temptation to cash in is immense. “We earn 0.1% of the value of our land; what businessman would stick on with those terms? Clearly, the math is against agriculture as a profession,�? said Singh. “We’ll stick it out, but our next generation will definitely not live on the farm.�? Fewer big farmers should make agricultural income tax easier to administer Conventionally, taxes are based on self-declared income. “Self-declaration has been shown to work in plantation agriculture, which is closest to manufacturing in terms of scale of operation, year-round operation, formal records of accounts and links to the banking system,�? said Rajaraman, the economist. Assessing taxable agricultural income on the basis of declared figures would be arbitrary, and in all likelihood, lead to endless appeals. “How could the revenue officer make objective assessments of income or challenge the declared income when it depends on so many variables and no criteria exist to define those variables? Rainfall, the sun, soils pests and diseases, irrigation, etc. are some of the influencing factors,�? said Sudhir Prakash, chairman, DLX Ltd, owner of Glenburn Tea Estate, Darjeeling, West Bengal, and an associated tea estate in Assam. West Bengal does not tax agriculture produce or plantations, whereas such tax in Assam is more or less at par with central income-tax rates, 45% as we said. Source: Agriculture Census 2010-11 The silver lining could be the dwindling number of medium and large farmers, defined as holdings exceeding 4 hectares and 10 hectares (24.7 acres) respectively, as per the 2011 agricultural census, as well as the acreage held by medium and large farmers. Today, India has roughly two-thirds of the number of medium farmers it had in 1971, and about a third of the number of large farmers. The big earners would be easy to target, tax and draw into the banking system. Medium and large farmers make up 10% or more of the farming community only in four states: Punjab (35%), Rajasthan (22%), Gujarat (12%) and Madhya Pradesh (10%), according to the 2011 agricultural census. Agricultural income declared by taxpayers, in returns filed up to November 28, 2014, for exemption in the 2014-15 assessment year, stood at Rs 9,338 crore. “Currently, transactions in the farming sector (except plantations) are mainly in cash,�? said Prakash. “To track transactions, you need them to be routed through the banking infrastructure, and to transact through banks, you need ‘literate farmers.’�? How panchayats could tax agricultural income If farmers do not use the banking system and maintain accounts, could rich farmers be taxed on the basis of what they have assumed to have earned? Farmers could be taxed based on the area sown with high-return crops, proposed Rajaraman in a 2004 paper Taxing Agriculture in a Developing Country: A Possible Approach. High-return crop cultivators whose yield falls below a stipulated threshold would be exempted for the sake of fairness. She suggested, in her 2003 book, A Fiscal Domain for Panchayats, that such tax be collected by village councils. “Property tax is paid locally, why not tax on agricultural income?�? said Rajaraman. “Agriculture thrives only when law and order prevails, and the panchayat governs locally. Farming makes use of local utilities, so it should give back locally.�? That would make local governance more responsive than it might by receiving handouts from Delhi, as the recent budget provided for with Rs 2.78 lakh crore ($41.34 billion) in grants topanchayats (rural councils) and urban local bodies, or above Rs 80 lakh per panchayat. “A panchayat that benefits from tax collection is more likely to ensure compliance,�? said Rajaraman, “than a distant state government.�? (Bahri is a freelance writer and editor based in Mount Abu, Rajasthan.) We welcome feedback. Please write to respond@indiaspend.org. We reserve the right to edit responses for language and grammar. High Court stops Nuziveedu Seeds from selling Bt cotton under Monsanto brand Posted on February 22, 2016 October 31, 2018 by Ramoo http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/high-court-stops-nuziveedu-seeds-from-selling-bt-cotton-under-monsanto-brand/articleshow/51060790.cms NEW DELHI: Delhi High Court today restrained Indian firm Nuziveedu Seeds from selling Bt cotton seeds using the trade-mark of US-based agro major Monsanto’s Indian arm Mahyco Monsanto Biotech Ltd (MMBL). Justice Vipin Sanghi also asked the Hyderabad-based seed company to pay the royalty to MMBL, a joint venture between US-based Monsanto and Mahyco, after selling the old stock manufactured prior to November 2015. The bench restrained Nuziveedu Seeds from selling seeds manufa .. Read more at: http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/51060790.cms?utm_source=contentofinterest&utm_medium=text&utm_campaign=cppst Farmers who won padmasree 2009: Goriparti Narasimha Raju, Andhra Pradesh http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/list-of-padma-awardees-2009/article383151.ece 2012: T Vengatapathi Reddiar, Tamil Nadu http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/model-farmer-receives-the-padma-shri/article3299040.ece Haryana, Punjab may cut Bt cotton sowing The move comes after a joint action panel recommended use of traditional varieties as they were immune to pest attacks Komal Amit Gera \| Chandigarh February 18, 2016 Last Updated at 22:35 IST http://www.business-standard.com/article/markets/haryana-punjab-may-cut-bt-cotton-sowing-116021800315_1.html Surinder Sud: Nibbling away at yield, profitPrice control may stifle India’s cotton seed industryLetters:Inadequate regulationPak cheers Indian cotton industry Farmer suicides in Punjab and Haryana in the aftermath of extensive damage to the cotton crop in 2015-16 due to pest attack has led to a swing in official opinion against genetically modified (Bt) seeds.A Joint Action Committee was appointed by the two state governments on the causes and to suggest remedies for white fly infestation. Its report says the native variety (arboreum) is immune to cotton leaf curl viral disease and comparatively tolerant to white fly and other sucking insect pests. Hence, its cultivation should be promoted in Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan. Punjab and Haryana provide 15 per cent of the nation’s cotton output. Highly placed sources in the Haryana government say an effort is on to assess the availability of traditional variety seeds with the agriculture universities, the Central Institute of Cotton Research and private seed producers. “We expect to replace 15-20 per cent of the area under Bt cotton seed with the traditional one this year (rabi 2016-17) and in the next few years to take it to 50 per cent. Co-existence of Bt and non-Bt crop would curtail the chance of spread of epidemics like white fly, as the two crops are resistant to different kinds of diseases. Monoculture in agriculture is one of the cause of widespread diseases in plants. Presently, 95 per cent of the cotton grown in Punjab and Haryana is the Bt variety and this triggered the quick spread of disease.” The peak season of cotton picking is over, though it lasts till the end of March. Cotton arrivals in Punjab have fallen 60 per cent this year from the corresponding period in the year before. The dent is lesser in Haryana and is estimated to be about 35 per cent less but some farmers had lost the entire crop. Punjab is yet to take a decision on the remedy. The state had to pay Rs 800 crore in compensation to the affected farmers. Said a source in Punjab’s agriculture department: “We would like to cultivate desi (native) cotton in at least 10 per cent of the total area and are trying to educate farmers. We don’t have the seed stock to support this much area but will try to organise seed from neighbouring states.” There is a big problem of spurious seeds and pesticides in Punjab and that is also considered an important reason for outbreak of the disease at an epidemic scale. One result is that only about 60 of Punjab’s 400-odd cotton ginning factories are operational. The state government has plans to take charge of the distribution of seeds through own agencies. Growing two rows of sorghum or bajra millet or maize as a barrier crop around cotton fields is also being recommended to help contain the spread of white fly. The Union ministry of agriculture, in its second estimate for crop year 2015-16, pegged cotton production at 30.9 million bales (a able is 170 kg), scaling it down from 33.51 mn bales in the first advance estimate. The states of Punjab and Haryana lost a large part of the crop due to pest attack (white fly) and arrivals in Punjab this year have been at least 60% lesser than the last year. Area ( in lakh hectares) Production (in lakh bales of 170 kg each Yield (kg/hectare) Year Punjab Haryana Punjab Haryana Punjab Haryana 2012-13 4.8 6.14 21 26 743.75 719.87 2013-14 4.46 5.36 21 23 800.45 761.19 2014-15 4.2 6.48 12 20.5 485.71 537.8 2015-16 (P) 4.5 5.76 6 14 320 480 (P) Average estimated projections Source: State Agriculture Departments and Cotton Advisory board Lettuce Produces More Greenhouse Gas Emissions Than Bacon Does Posted on December 19, 2015 October 31, 2018 by Ramoo A vegetarian diet does not necessarily have a low impact on the environment By Brittany Patterson, ClimateWire on December 15, 2015 http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/lettuce-produces-more-greenhouse-gas-emissions-than-bacon-does/ Bacon lovers of the world, rejoice! Or at the least take solace that your beloved pork belly may be better for the environment in terms of greenhouse gas emissions than the lettuce that accompanies it on the classic BLT. This is according to a new study by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University who found that if Americans were to switch their diets to fall in line with the Agriculture Department’s 2010 dietary recommendations, it would result in a 38 percent increase in energy use, 10 percent bump in water use and a 6 percent increase in greenhouse gas emissions. The reason for this is because on a per-calorie basis, many fruits, vegetables, dairy and seafood—the foods the USDA pushes in the guidelines over sugary processed food and fats—are relatively resource-intensive, the study finds. Lettuce, for example, produces three times more greenhouse gas emissions than bacon. “You cannot just jump and assume that any vegetarian diet is going to have a low impact on the environment,” said Paul Fischbeck, professor of social and decision sciences and engineering and public policy and one of the authors of the study. “There are many that do, but not all. You can’t treat all fruits and veggies as good for the environment.” The researchers conducted a meta-analysis of life-cycle assessments quantifying the water, energy use and emissions for more than 100 foods. They found fruits have the largest water and energy footprint per calorie. Meat and seafood have the highest greenhouse gas emissions per calorie. To create a baseline of how many calories the average adult American consumes, the researchers used weight data provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and calculated how many calories a person would need to consume in order to maintain that weight. The average calories per day came in at 2,390 per day, or about 200 more than recommended. The researchers tacked on an additional 1,230 calories to account for food waste. “If what your concern is the greenhouse gas emissions or energy or water use of the entire system, I don’t think you should leave out large chunks of it,” Fischbeck said. “If you want to know how much energy is being consumed, you have to include waste and what is lost from grocery store or dining room table.” That’s not to say all vegetables are bad. Onions, okra, carrots, broccoli and Brussels sprouts all have decent environmental footprints. Lettuce, on the other hand, is difficult to grow, harvest and transport. It requires significant amounts of water and energy to produce. “I would eat less lettuce and more Brussels sprouts,” he added. Some confusing comparisons Martin Heller, a research specialist with the Center for Sustainable Systems at the University of Michigan and a colleague, published a similar analysis last year. If Americans shifted to following the Agriculture Department’s dietary guidelines, they would consume less meat—good for emissions—but would drink more milk—bad for emissions, the study found (ClimateWire, May 8). Switching to a lacto-ovo vegetarian diet would result in a 33 percent decrease in emissions. Vegan diets are 53 percent more efficient. Heller said the Carnegie Mellon paper did a good job of estimating Americans’ daily caloric intake and expanded on his work by quantifying the energy and water impacts of different foods. But on the bacon-versus-lettuce greenhouse gas emissions showdown, Heller called the comparison “ridiculous.” “We don’t eat lettuce for its calories,” he said, adding that is why in his food analyses he prefers to do assessments of full diets rather than food-by-food caloric comparisons. “It’s much easier to compare diets that are different but provide a similar level of nutrition,” he said. One limitation to all studies that aim to quantify the environmental impacts of human diets is that many of the life-cycle analyses used by researchers are conducted in other countries. In addition, they are often conducted on food commodities, not necessarily the processed products one finds in the grocery store. The environment likes fats and sugars To preserve both the Earth’s health and your own, Heller suggests cutting out meat. In the new analysis, beef was 3 ½ times more environmentally intensive than pork. A 2014 Chatham House report found greenhouse gas emissions from the livestock sector are estimated to account for 14.5 percent of the global total, more than direct emissions from the transport sector. Fischbeck said the takeaway from the analysis is policymakers need to take a closer look at foods on an individual basis, especially as USDA prepares to release its 2015 Dietary Guidelines, expected in a matter of days. These recommendations will guide food purchasing for the federal school lunch program as well as form the basis for federal nutrition policy for the next five years. Earlier this year, the advisory committee helping to form the recommendations released a report that included environmental impacts in its assessment for the first time (ClimateWire, March 25). It recommended that Americans adopt a more plant-based diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains and legumes. A number of environmentalists and public health experts are hoping to see the considerations included in the official guidelines. Fischbeck said that even though it seems counterintuitive, the best diet for the environment would be terrible for a person’s health. “If you totally forget health, which diet would have best impact on the environment?” Fischbeck asked. “You’d eat a lot more fats and sugars.” The research was published in the journal Environment Systems and Decisions. Co-authors included Michelle Tom and Chris Hendrickson. *Editor’s Note (12/18/15): The headline of this article was changed to clarify that the comparison between lettuce and bacon is on a “per calorie” basis. Lie of the land: Only 39 of 133 GM crop field trials monitored in 6 years Posted on September 22, 2015 October 31, 2018 by Ramoo http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-lie-of-the-land-only-39-of-133-gm-crop-field-trials-monitored-in-6-years-2127361 The Centre has always claimed that the country has a robust regulatory mechanism Genetically modified or genetically engineered crops are those in which genes are tweaked to get the desired characteristics by either inserting another gene or altering existing ones Busting the claims of the Indian government and scientists that the country has a robust regulatory mechanism to test genetically modified (GM) crops, toxic loopholes are emerging. From 2008 to 2014, only 39 of the 133 GM crop field trials were properly monitored, leaving the rest for unknown risks and possible health hazards to common people. Documents accessed by dna reveals that the GMO regulator, Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC), under the ministry of environment and forests, has failed to comply with the monitoring norms and practices on the confined field trials. Even in the 39 cases where the GM monitoring was done, it was not uniform. GM crops or genetically engineered (GE) crops are those in which genes are tweaked to get the desired characteristics by either inserting another gene or altering existing ones. Once prepared in laboratories, they are tested in fields, which is called confined field trials. The field trial always has a risk of pollen-driven contamination, which is uncontrollable. Documents with dna reveals that, in 2008, only four out of 12 trials, that is 1/3 rd of trials, were monitored. The Central Compliance Committee (CCC) and monitoring-cum-evaluation committee, during their tenures, visited the sites only once while they were supposed to go at least four times during the trials. Similarly in 2009, only five out of 29 trials were monitored and only one visit of CCC was recorded. In 2008, only four out of 12 trials were monitored by just one visit of CCC and the monitoring cum- evaluation committee. In 2009, only five out of 29 trials were monitored and one visit of CCC was recorded. The very next year, 14 out of 54 trials were monitored and only one trial has the monitoring details. The monitoring data for 2011 shows that five out of 16 trials were monitored and that too have minimal external monitoring from the regulators’ side. Even when the CCC found illegalities, no action was taken. Incidentally, 2011 was the same year when biotech giant Monsanto’s maize trials were tested at Anand Agricultural University (AAU), Gujarat. The documents show that the CCC report was presented and a record of harvest also exists with signatures of the trial in-charge. However, there was no post-trial visit to the site by the monitoring team. The same year, in another plot of AAU, housed at Derol, Monsanto’s herbicide-tolerant Bt Maize was planted but the sowing date is unrecorded. Only two of the four-member team visited the trial site. In 2013, Monsanto and another transnational company, Syngenta Biosciences, were allowed to hold five field trials but only two of these were monitored, with one visit each. Interestingly, this happened despite one trial witnessing a huge protest/destruction by the public. In 2014, three GM mustard trials of Delhi University were taken up – at two sites in Punjab and one in Delhi – during the rabi season. There are enough evidences that there were no post-harvesting fool-proof monitoring in these cases. Similarly, in Maharashtra’s Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV), Rahuri, field trials of Monsanto’s GM maize were undertaken, but there was no post-trial monitoring. Despite these deficiencies and failures in the regulatory mechanism, the Centre has claimed in public debates as well as in the Supreme Court that everything about the regulatory system is healthy, rigorous and perfect. Ironically, documentary evidence proves the opposite. Officials of MoEF and GEAC did not reply to dna queries. Monitoring of GE plants is very important because they have posed high risks and cause uncontrollable contamination. This is undertaken at various stages like pre-sowing, sowing, and various stages of crop development, like harvest and post-harvest land use restriction. The monitoring agencies also have the authority to investigate contained facilities that may be used for storing regulated GE plant material. From time to time, the GEAC has delegated the authority to monitor confined field trials to various bodies like RCGM’s Monitoring cum Evaluation Committee (MEC), SBCCs, DLCs, monitoring teams of state agricultural universities (SAUs) and Central Compliance Committee (CCC) constituted by GEAC/RCGM. SC-appointed Technical Expert Committee says Ban three kinds of GM crops Herbicide-tolerant crops: These are crops genetically modified for a chemical substance, so that when it is sprayed, it kills the entire flora around the crop, except itself. India does not need this technology. Bt food crops: Food crops inserted with Bt genes should not be allowed as a lot of evidences show the harmful impact of Bt genes. India is the centre of origin of various crops and has a wide diversity in those crops. So the country should not genetically modify such crops. This approach is taken by several countries, including China, as it has not permitted GM soybean since it’s the centre of origin of the crop. 2012 SERP study of beneficieries of 421 GO While there is pressure on the government to recognise the farmer suicides and support the affected families under 421 GO, the study done by Society for Elimination of Rural Poverty (SERP) in 2012 shows that the situation of the families with this meagre support it self has not made much difference in the lives of the people. This is one of the largest sample study ever done. Download the reports. Farmer_Suicide data lr. to Dist. Collectors on farmers suicides (1) Report on Farmers suicide v4 Total District Abstracts 21012 SERP Data Mahaboobnagar reeling under drought Posted on August 11, 2015 October 31, 2018 by Ramoo The crisis is further aggravated by the changed cropping patterns. today Mahaboobnagar has 30% area under cotton, about 30% area under orchard crops and 15% each under paddy and hybrid maize which are water guzzling. The district which receives on average 500 mm rainfall is increasingly seeing deficit in no. of rainy days. for example in July, Amangal dist received 25% of the monthly average rainfall only in a day and rest of the days were dry. Government should immediately focus on protecting any crop which is surviving. this needs plans for protective irrigation. any tubewells in the village should be blocked for use to grow water intensive crops like paddy and be shared with other farmers to protect the crop by paying suitable compensation planning short term pulse crop like greengram or horsegram in areas where sowing have not happend or where crop has already failed. completely stopping paddy cultivation in rabi season discouraging organge plantations provide relief in terms fodder and water to support livestock and as a long term measure plan for shift from cotton, maize and paddy to millets, pulses and oilseeds insitu water harvesting at the farm level « Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 … 13 Next »	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line899
__label__wiki	0.509084	0.509084	Erdoğan, Putin can’t be considered friends – analysis Russian President Vladimir Putin and his Turkish counterpart Recep Tayyip Erdoğan may enjoy solid relations, but it’s a stretch to call them friends, Lawfare said in an editorial. While Russia and Turkey have built a solid base for their relations on economic considerations -- Turkey exports a significant amount of goods and services to Russia, while Moscow supplies Ankara with much of its natural gas -- there are too many unknowns ahead to predict how close the two countries will get. The uncertainty about the future course of Russian-Turkish ties is centred around Syria. There are several unknown factors, such as whether Russia will remain silent as Erdoğan conducts a protracted military operation there, or what action Russia might take should Turkey leave forces in Syria’s northwest despite objections from President Bashar al Assad. Should geopolitical objectives diverge, Moscow could retaliate with economic sanctions against Ankara, as it did when the Turkish air force shot down a Russian jet over the Turkey-Syrian border in 2015. And with a recent U.S. outreach to Turkey, the question is whether Ankara’s calculations about the relationship with Moscow will now change, Lawfare wrote. Erdoğan and Putin are currently engaged in a tactical, short-term relationship. Anything further will depend on Syria and whether the two sides can guarantee some stability and de-escalation together, Lawfare said. https://www.lawfareblog.com/frenemies-putin-and-erdogan?utm_source=feedblitz&utm_medium=FeedBlitzEmail&utm_campaign=0&utm_content=23327 Turkey suspended from the F-35 fighter aircraft programme F-35 expulsion is not legitimate and a mistake - Turkey	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line900
__label__wiki	0.852698	0.852698	Archives de Tag: Gustav Klimt « Au Temps de Klimt : La Sécession à Vienne » à la Pinacothèque de Paris 11 mercredi Fév 2015 Posted by alaintruong2014 in Jewelry, Modern Art 1897-1898, Au restaurant du jardin, Autoportrait au haut de forme, Bosquet de bouleaux au crépuscule, Broche, Bruno Grimschitz, c. 1890, c. 1893, c. 1898, c. 1900-1905, c. 1902, c.1915, Carl Moll, Chasse fantastique, Femme à la cheminée, Feu follet, Francesca da Rimini et Paolo, Franz von Stuck, Frise Beethoven, Gustav Klimt, Herbert Boeckl, Jeune Homme debout, Josef Engelhart, Josef Hoffmann, Koloman Moser, L'Heldenplatz avec des lilas, Le trésorier, modèle n° G 1035, modèle n° G368, Oskar Kokoschka, Pinacothèque de Paris, Portrait de jeune fille de face Au Temps de Klimt : La Sécession à Vienne : Affiche © Belvédère, Vienne © Conception graphique: Serge Perraudin – Grapholon.com PARIS – La Pinacothèque de Paris, en partenariat avec Arthemisia Group et 24 ORE Cultura – Gruppo 24 ORE, souhaite revenir sur un aspect essentiel de l’Art nouveau qui s’est développé à Vienne au début du XXème siècle sous le nom de Sécession. Le rôle de Gustav Klimt dans l’éclosion de ce mouvement est majeur. Le talent et le brio de cet artiste, de ses débuts précoces à ses excés décoratifs où les dorures et l’expressionnisme naissant dominent, sont le socle d’une période nouvelle qui s’est épanouie à Vienne au tournant du siècle. Ce mouvement artistique est en effet à l’origine de la naissance, quelques années plus tard, de l’un des courants majeurs de l’art moderne, l’expressionnisme, qui a fait l’objet d’une exposition au musée en 2011. Josef Engelhart, Au restaurant du jardin, c. 1893, Huile sur bois, 28 x 26 cm. © Belvédère, Vienne L’exposition Au Temps de Klimt, la Sécession à Vienne raconte en détail ce développement de l’art viennois de la fin du XIXème siècle, début de la Sécession viennoise, jusqu’aux premières années de l’expressionnisme. Ernst Klimt, Francesca da Rimini et Paolo, c. 1890, Huile sur toile, 125 x 95 cm. © Belvédère, Vienne Le coeur de l’exposition s’appuie sur une sélection des travaux majeurs de Gustav Klimt, de ses premières années d’études jusqu’aux grandes oeuvres de son âge d’or comme Judith I (1901) ou la Frise Beethoven, oeuvre monumentale reconstituée à l’échelle et présentée pour la première fois en France. Gustav Klimt, Judith, 1901, Huile sur toile, 84 x 42 cm. © Belvédère, Vienne Gustav Klimt, Reconstitution de la Frise Beethoven, 1985, Technique mixte sur plâtre sur chaume, 216 x 3438 cm. © Belvédère, Vienne Gustav Klimt, Reconstitution de la Frise Beethoven (détails), 1985, Technique mixte sur plâtre sur chaume, 216 x 3438 cm. Photos A.R.T. Gustav Klimt, Reconstitution de la Frise Beethoven (détail), 1985, Technique mixte sur plâtre sur chaume, 216 x 3438 cm. Un ensemble de documents rares ayant trait à la vie de l’artiste, à sa famille et à ses frères Ernst et Georg, artistes comme lui, avec lesquels Gustav a souvent collaboré, accompagne le visiteur tout au long de l’exposition. Ernst Klimt, Bébé sur un sofa, 1885, Huile sur toile, Collection privée. Photo A.R.T. Une attention toute particulière est par ailleurs portée aux premières années de la Sécession et à l’influence exercée sur la formation de l’artiste par les grands intellectuels viennois comme Carl Schuch, Tina Blau, Théodor Hörmann, Josef Engelhart, Max Kurzweil, qui, tout comme lui, ont séjourné à Paris à cette époque. Les personnalités artistiques ayant influencé son art sont évoquées grâce à un choix de peintures provenant du Belvédère, présentées à côté d’oeuvres racontant l’histoire des mécènes du mouvement. L’exposition présente ainsi d’importants chefs-d’oeuvre de la Sécession et de l’avant-garde autrichienne, tels les premières oeuvres d’Egon Schiele et d’Oskar Kokoschka. Koloman Moser, Forêt de pins en hiver, c. 1907, Huile sur toile, 55,5 x 45,5 cm. © Belvedere, Vienne. Carl Moll, L’Heldenplatz avec des lilas, c. 1900-1905, Huile sur toile, 60x60cm © Belvedere, Vienne. Carl Moll, Bosquet de bouleaux au crépuscule, c. 1902, Huile sur toile, 80 x 80 cm. © Belvedere, Vienne. Gustav Klimt, Femme à la cheminée, 1897-1898, Huile sur toile, 41 x 66 cm. © Belvedere, Vienne. Gustav Klimt, Portrait de jeune fille de face, c. 1898, Huile sur carton, 38 x 34 cm. Prêt permanent d’une collection privée © Belvedere, Vienne. Gustav Klimt, Feu follet, 1903, Huile sur toile, 52 x 60 cm, Collection privée européenne, Londres. © Alfred Weidinger Une dernière section de l’exposition est consacrée aux arts viennois, aux anciens et raffinés métiers de l’artisanat d’art, qui ont donné naissance à des pièces de mobilier et des bijoux précieux, à de splendides céramiques, mais aussi à de complexes reconstructions d’oeuvres et de riches documents historiques, témoignages de la genèse et de l’évolution de grands artistes et d’architectes de cette époque tels Adolf Loos, Josef Hoffmann et à l’Atelier viennois. Josef Hoffmann (conception), 3 broches © Galerie bei der Albertina – Zetter, Vienne Josef Hoffmann (conception), Broche, modèle n° G 1035, 1909, Argent, or, malachite, lapis-lazuli, opale, corail et améthyste, 5,1 x 5,5 cm, Collection privée. © Galerie bei der Albertina Zetter, Vienne Josepf Hoffmann (conception), Broche, modèle n° G368, 1905. Argent, corail, lapis-lazuli, malachite et pierre de lune, 4,6 x 4,6 cm © Galerie bei der Albertina – Zetter, Vienne L’exposition présente plus de 180 oeuvres issues des collections du musée du Belvédère de Vienne ainsi que de collections privées. Le commissariat de l’exposition est assuré par Alfred Weidinger, conservateur au musée du Belvédère de Vienne. Du 12 Février au 21 Juin 2015 Josef Engelhart, Autoportrait au haut de forme, 1892, Huile sur bois © Belvedere, Vienne. Franz von Stuck, Chasse fantastique, c. 1890, Huile sur toile. Collection Galerie Katharina Büttiker, Art Nouveau – Art Deco, Zurich. Gustav Klimt, Portrait féminin, c. 1804, Huile sur toile, Belvédère, Vienne (Prêt permanent d’une collection privée). © Belvedere, Vienne. Gustav Klimt, Portrait féminin, c. 1804, Huile sur toile, Belvédère, Vienne (Prêt permanent d’une collection privée). Photo A.R.T. Gustav Klimt, Etude de tête féminine sur fond rouge, 1897-1898, Huile sur toile, Klimt Fondation, Vienne. Photo A.R.T. Herbert Boeckl, Bruno Grimschitz, 1915, Huile sur toile © Belvedere, Vienne. Herbert Boeckl, Bruno Grimschitz, 1915, Huile sur toile, Détail. Photo A.R.T. Koloman Moser, Jeune Homme debout, c. 1915, Huile sur toile © Belvedere, Vienne. Oskar Kokoschka, Le trésorier, 1910, Huile sur toile © Belvedere, Vienne. New Visiting Masterpiece exhibition features Gustav Klimt’s ‘Adam and Eve’ 17 samedi Jan 2015 Posted by alaintruong2014 in Modern Art 1913, 1917-1918, Adam and Eve, Gustav Klimt, Oskar Kokoschka, Two Nudes (Lovers) Gustav Klimt, Adam and Eve, 1917-1918. Oil on canvas © Belvedere, Vienna BOSTON, MASS.- For the first time in its history, the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, is displaying a painting by Gustav Klimt (Austrian, 1862–1918)—among the most important artists of the early 20th century. The exhibition, Visiting Masterpiece: Gustav Klimt’s Adam and Eve, features Klimt’s monumental Adam and Eve (1917-1918) alongside the MFA’s life-sized portrait of a couple, Two Nudes (Lovers) (1913), painted by Klimt’s Viennese friend and colleague, Oskar Kokoschka (Austrian, 1886–1980). On view January 17-April 27, 2015 in the Charlotte F. and Irving W. Rabb Gallery, the exhibition also includes a selection of works on paper by Klimt and his contemporaries from the MFA’s holdings. Adam and Eve—on loan from the Österreichische Galerie Belvedere in Vienna—gives visitors a taste of the artist’s signature style, including his sensuous approach to the nude and his bold experimentation with pattern, color and finish. Just five years separates the painting from Two Nudes (Lovers), which shares many features with Klimt’s work—ambitious scale, daring experimentation with form and finish, and, above all, a fascination with sexuality. Together these paintings demonstrate how avant-garde artists in turn-of-the-century Vienna adapted traditional subjects to radical new ends. “Klimt’s images capture the imagination of contemporary viewers. The combination of his sinuous lines and radical patterning—the contrast between naturalism and abstraction—are as inviting and exciting today as they were in early 20th-century Vienna,” said Ronni Baer, William and Ann Elfers Senior Curator of Paintings, Art of Europe. Both Adam and Eve and Two Nudes (Lovers) reflect a relatively liberated side of turn-of-the-century Vienna, where Freud first practiced psychoanalysis and both artists conducted passionate affairs. But these paintings also indicate an ambivalent attitude toward women and a pessimistic view of relations between the sexes. In Adam and Eve—which was left unfinished in Klimt’s studio upon his death—Eve’s left hand would almost certainly have held the fatal apple, though Klimt chose to represent not the moment of Eve’s temptation and fall, but her creation from a rib of the sleeping Adam. In Two Nudes (Lovers), the figures seem to circle each other against a background of blue-green vegetation—Eden, perhaps, but not quite paradise. Complementing the two paintings are drawings by Klimt, who was a prolific draftsman. In these works on paper, Klimt studied gestures, poses and expressions to convey a particular psychological state. In Portrait of a Young Woman (about 1914) and Woman in Kimono (1917–18), the downcast eyes and turned heads suggest anxiety or pensiveness in contrast to the assertive face and open eyes of Eve. Nearly 30 years Klimt’s junior, Egon Schiele (Austrian, 1890–1918) first met Klimt in 1907. Schiele’s drawing, Kümmernis (Sorrow) (1914), and his watercolor, Schiele’s Wife with her Little Nephew (1915) convey raw emotion through agitated lines and distortions of the human form. Like Klimt, Schiele’s figures occupy ambiguous spaces, though unlike Klimt’s sensual Eve, Schiele’s female figures defy traditional notions of beauty. The installation also includes a work by Swiss modernist painter Ferdinand Hodler (1853–1918), who came to know Klimt through the Vienna Secession, an exhibition society devoted to raising awareness of artistic developments outside Austria. His poster, Secession (Ver Sacrum) (Sacred Spring) (1904), was made for the Vienna Secession exhibition of 1904. The final object in the exhibition is for a poster for Fromme’s Calender (1899) by Koloman Moser (Austrian, 1868–1918), a close associate of Klimt’s and a founder of the design collaborative, Wiener Werkstätte. The enigmatic image and the woman’s intense, almost hypnotic gaze underscore the anxiety of fin-de-siècle Vienna. Visiting Masterpieces at the MFA Gustav Klimt’s Adam and Eve is the latest presentation of the MFA’s Visiting Masterpieces series, which highlights important loans, often complemented by works from the MFA’s collection. Recent Visiting Masterpieces have included a connoisseurship study of Caravaggio and an in-depth look into the theft and recovery of Piero della Francesca’s Senigallia Madonna (1470s). In 2013, MFA visitors had the opportunity to see two of the great masterpieces of French painting in America hanging side by side: Paul Cézanne’s The Large Bathers (1900–1906) from the Philadelphia Museum of Art, and the MFA’s own Where do we come from? What are we? Where are we going? (1897–1898) by Paul Gauguin. Earlier Visiting Masterpieces included The Capitoline Brutus, a rare bronze bust of a Roman statesman dating to around 300 BC; Pierre-Auguste Renoir’s Dance in the Country and Dance in the City (both 1883), on loan in 2012 from the Musée d’Orsay in Paris, juxtaposed with the MFA’s Dance at Bougival (1883); and Vincent van Gogh’s The Sower (1888), lent in 2010 by the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam, which was paired with the MFA’s painting The Sower (1850) by Jean-François Millet. Oskar Kokoschka, Two Nudes (Lovers), 1913. Oil on canvas. Bequest of Sarah Reed Platt © 2015 Fondation Oskar Kokoschka / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York / ProLitteris, Zürich Mark Rothko (1903 – 1970), Untitled (Yellow, Orange, Yellow, Light Orange) 08 samedi Nov 2014 Posted by alaintruong2014 in Auctions, Post-War and Contemporary Art ≈ 1 Commentaire Typhoon Coming On), blue, Blue on Orange), Collection of Mr. and Mrs. Paul Mellon, Green, Gustav Klimt, Harvest Time, Henri Matisse, J.M.W. Turner, Le Bonheur de Vivre, Light Orange), Mark Rothko, No. 14 (untitled), No. 36 (Light Red over Dark Red), Orange, Red, Red Band (Untitled), The Green Stripe, The Kiss, The Slave Ship (Slavers Throwing overboard the Dead and Dying, Untitled (Yellow, Vincent van Gogh, Yellow, Yellow and Blue (Yellow Mark Rothko (1903 – 1970), Untitled (Yellow, Orange, Yellow, Light Orange), signed and dated 1955 on the reverse, oil on canvas, 81 1/2 by 60 in., 207 by 152.5 cm. Estimation 20,000,000 — 30,000,000 USD. Photo Sotheby’s. PROVENANCE: Estate of the Artist (Estate no. 5016.55) Marlborough A.G., Liechtenstein/Marlborough Gallery, Inc., New York (acquired from the above in 1970) Collection of Mr. and Mrs. Paul Mellon (acquired from the above in October 1970) LITTERATURE: Exh. Cat., New Haven, Yale University Art Gallery, Salute to Mark Rothko, 1971, cat. no. 9 (checklist) David Anfam, Mark Rothko: The Works on Canvas: Catalogue Raisonné, New Haven and London, 1998, cat. no. 525, p. 404, illustrated in color Mark Rothko’s capacity to arrest the immeasurable forces of the cosmos remains the painter’s greatest triumph. InUntitled (Yellow, Orange, Yellow, Light Orange), painted in 1955, Rothko forever immortalized the spellbinding and ephemeral magic of daybreak in paint. By the breathtaking ingenuity and absolute genius of his brush, the artist seized the immaterial and offers us the gift of slowed time. Captivating and mesmeric through the sheer exuberance of Mark Rothko’s most celebrated palette and a deeply enriching pictorial architecture, Untitled (Yellow, Orange, Yellow, Light Orange) belongs to the most pivotal moment of the artist’s career. Rothko painted only twenty-two works in the pinnacle year of 1955, thirteen of which reside in prestigious museum collections, including the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.; the Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh; the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art; the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis; the Philadelphia Museum of Art; the Museum of Modern Art, New York; and Museum Ludwig, Cologne. Mark Rothko in his West 53rd Street studio, circa 1953 Photo: Henry Elkan Artwork © 1998 Kate Rothko Prizel & Christopher Rothko / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York Rothko’s challenge, to both himself and his audience, was to engage not only the eye, but also the mind and the spirit;Untitled (Yellow, Orange, Yellow, Light Orange) is a particularly moving exemplar of this ambition. The composition is compartmentalized in two principal rectangular fields of lustrous orange, each surmounted by a pale yellow band and stacked in Rothko’s archetypal formation on a field of glowing saffron gold. Each zone is indeterminately bordered by feathered edges that forge an exceptionally vibrant occupation of the pictorial space. While the overtly optimistic connotations of this ebullient palette immediately instigate a positive and even inspirational response, as with all great paintings by the artist there is no single aspect to this work’s character and the viewer may concurrently sense a deeper, more portentous tone, the duality of which invests this work with a supreme sophistication. In a 1959 Life magazine article, Dorothy Seiberling described one of the artist’s paintings and touched on his mystifying method: “Just as the hues of a sunset prompt feelings of elation mingled with sadness or unease as the dark shapes of night close in, so Rothko’s colors stir mixed feelings of joy, gloom, anxiety or peace. Though the forms in the painting seem simple at first glance, they are in fact subtly complex. Edges fade in and out like memories; horizontal bands of ‘cheerful’ brightness have ‘ominous’ overtones of dark colors.” (Dorothy Seiberling, ‘Abstract Expressionism, Part II,’ Life, November 16, 1959, p. 82) Untitled (Yellow, Orange, Yellow, Light Orange) reverberates both optically and intellectually, engaging us with the artist’s desire to create an aesthetic language that exceeds the very boundaries of painting, encompassing a transcendent, deeply affecting relationship between the viewer and the canvas. J.M.W. Turner, The Slave Ship (Slavers Throwing overboard the Dead and Dying, Typhoon Coming On), 1840 The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston What is particularly exceptional about the present work are the articulate areas of defined brushstrokes that punctuate the surface of the color fields. Different varieties of orange are interspersed atop the primary zones of color, exposing the application of paint and imbuing the work with a heightened tactility revealing the artist’s process. David Anfam wrote specifically of Untitled (Yellow, Orange, Yellow, Light Orange) in the Catalogue Raisonné of the artist’s work, devoting in-depth analysis to this undeniably unique masterpiece of Rothko’s oeuvre: “Catching or absorbing the light, the polyphony of texture abets the disparate, rather small-scale rhythms of the brushwork. For although the size and sweep of Rothko’s canvases might lead to the supposition that they were realized with a concomitant breadth of touch, the reality is otherwise. Unified as the yellow-oranges of a 1955 Untitled (cat. no. 525) may aspire to remain, their almost monochromatic consistency is belied by the ubiquitous errant strokes, marks and incidents (witness those bordering the second field from the top) that disclose the artisanal, edgy manner in which they must have been applied. Dan Rice’s memory that Rothko wielded a ‘very busy brush’—though spoken with the Seagram murals period in mind—remains the canny final word in this regard… Rothko chose to brandish a comparatively small brush… By turns dulled or luminescent, silken or granular, still and firm or pulsating and mottled, the surfaces approximate a membrane—inherently unpredictable insofar as it is a layer or integument and prey to the tension, malleability and transience that affect any sheer covering.” (David Anfam, Mark Rothko: The Works on Canvas: Catalogue Raisonné, New Haven and London, 1998, p. 84) Gustav Klimt, The Kiss, 1907-08 Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna, Austria / The Bridgeman Art Library Rothko’s revolutionary abstract paintings are deeply seeded in a profound art historical appreciation, as he both looked to the past for inspiration and forged ahead into an uncharted future. The artist’s profoundly sophisticated understanding of the possibilities of color was shaped in part by the influence of the work of Henri Matisse. Indeed, it is apparent from the articulate modules of incandescent color in Matisse’s radical Le Bonheur de Vivre from 1905 that the painter was pivotal in encouraging Rothko to explore the possibility of creating paintings from powerful hues alone. Rothko also deeply admired the French painter Pierre Bonnard, and no doubt would have attended the artist’s 1948 memorial show at the Museum of Modern Art in New York. Bonnard’s paintings have a rich painterly effect that is in sympathy with the optical importance of Rothko’s own brushstrokes that illuminate his canvases, and he drew on both Bonnard’s rich palette and his treatment of light. His fascination with the effects and nature of light can also be traced to the Luminists – a tradition in American painting that dominated the third quarter of the Nineteenth Century. The principal tenets of Luminism were centered on the authority of light – works by artists belonging to the movement, such as John Kensett, confront the viewer with an empty vista that is focused more on colored light itself, rather than more concrete attributes of landscape. The blinding gold sunlight in Kensett’s 1872 Sunset on the Sea, for example, is a potent metaphor for the unseen world or spirit. Light in these paintings became a primal source of energy, an idea that was central to the art of Mark Rothko and is encapsulated absolutely in the present work. Henri Matisse, Le Bonheur de Vivre, 1905-06 The Barnes Foundation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA / The Bridgeman Art Library © 2014 Succession H. Matisse, Paris / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York As conclusively demonstrated by Untitled (Yellow, Orange, Yellow, Light Orange), Rothko’s contribution to Art History readily overwhelms categorization to any singular dogma or style, including that of the colorist tradition. Following his retrospective at New York’s Museum of Modern Art in 1961, Rothko greatly appreciated Robert Goldwater’s essay in reviewing the show, which provides compelling insight to the role of color within the artist’s work: “Rothko means that the enjoyment of color for its own sake, the heightened realization of its purely sensuous dimension, is not the purpose of his painting. If Matisse was one point of departure… Rothko has since moved far in an opposite direction. Yet over the years he has handled his color so that one must pay ever closer attention to it, examine the unexpectedly joined hues, the slight, and continually slighter, modulations within the large area of any single surface, and the softness and the sequence of the colored shapes. Thus these pictures compel careful scrutiny of their physical existence… all the while suggesting that these details are means, not ends.” (Robert Goldwater, ‘Reflections of the Rothko Exhibition,’ Arts, March 1961, pp. 43-44) Eventually Rothko’s remarkable achievement was to create paintings that announce their own unique materiality and create an exalted viewing experience: Rothko’s feat, as defined by Robert Rosenblum, was “to provide a transcendental image that would take us beyond history.” (Robert Rosenblum, « Notes on Rothko and Tradition, » in Exh. Cat., London, The Tate Gallery, Mark Rothko, 1903-1970, 1987, p. 21) Untitled (Yellow, Orange, Yellow, Light Orange) summons the full and unreserved vigor of the painter’s mind, wrenching the viewer from our corporeal environment and unearthing universal truths about humanity. Vincent van Gogh, Harvest Time, 1889 Folkwang Museum, Essen Bridgeman-Giraudon / Art Resource, NY Mark Rothko, The Green Stripe, 1955 The Menil Collection, Houston © 1998 Kate Rothko Prizel & Christopher Rothko / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York Mark Rothko, No. 36 (Light Red over Dark Red), 1955-57 Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Buenos Aires © 1998 Kate Rothko Prizel & Christopher Rothko / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York Mark Rothko, Untitled, 1955 Philadelphia Museum of Art © 1998 Kate Rothko Prizel & Christopher Rothko / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York Mark Rothko, Yellow and Blue (Yellow, Blue on Orange), 1955 Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh © 1998 Kate Rothko Prizel & Christopher Rothko / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York Mark Rothko, No. 14 (untitled), 1955 San Francisco Museum of Modern Art © 1998 Kate Rothko Prizel & Christopher Rothko / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York Mark Rothko, Red Band (Untitled), 1955 National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. © 1998 Kate Rothko Prizel & Christopher Rothko / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York Mark Rothko, Green, Red, Blue, 1955 Milwaukee Art Museum © 1998 Kate Rothko Prizel & Christopher Rothko / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York Mark Rothko, Untitled, 1955 The Israel Museum, Jerusalem © 1998 Kate Rothko Prizel & Christopher Rothko / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York Sotheby’s. Property from the Collection of Mrs. Paul Mellon: Masterworks, New York \| 10 nov. 2014, 07:00 PM	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line904
__label__cc	0.642345	0.357655	The Assessment Criteria Assessors needed. Library (Alphabetical by title) Authors (Alphabetical by Surname) Recent Awards (Blog Pages) Manuscript Appraisals Other Evaluation Websites Posted July 31, 2018 by Awesome Indies Book Awards Title: The Mighty Award: Awesome Indies: APPROVED Categories: Contemporary Fantasy, YA Fantasy, Young Adult Author: Michael J Sanford Series: The Druid’s Guise Short link: http://j.mp/AwesIndBk273 He's not crazy. Honest, he's not. He's just Wyatt. Wyatt the Mighty. Fifteen-year-old Wyatt has been sent to a treatment center for "disturbed youth." No one understands him. He wants nothing more than to escape from it all. And he does. Through a magic he doesn't understand, he finds himself in Hagion, a realm of fantastical creatures and immense wonder. He quickly finds himself in the company of a runaway warrior and two Children--a strange race of underground creatures that seem forever joyful. They claim Wyatt is a Druid, a powerful figure of myth and legend, sent to restore peace to all of the Realms. He doesn't bother correcting them. Finally, he can be the hero he's always dreamed of. But claiming to be a hero and actually being a hero are two different things. And it's a lesson Wyatt may have to pay dearly for. Assessed for Awesome Indies ← Feast of the Epiphany Indiana Belle → Awesome Indies says: Reviewed by Awesome Indies The Mighty, Book 1 Of The Druid’s Guise is one of those rare fantasy tales that takes you to another plane while keeping you firmly grounded in our reality. Most fantastic tales, even the best ones, often take characters from our reality and plunge them into a magical world, separating them from their normal lives entirely, only to return them at the end having completed their quest. The Mighty takes you on the journey, but plants your feet firmly in the present, real world. While the character grows and accomplishes the tasks set in front of him, it is clear from the outset that this is an introduction to a sprawling universe that has much more to give us. This is a book that will scratch the adventuring itch as well as remind you that the world we come from is itself a broken and unjust place. Wyatt is a hero in both of these planes. The story begins with Wyatt as a new patient/student at a school for children with special psychological needs. To Wyatt, he alternates existence in this world and the land of Hagion, where he is believed to be a powerful wizard and combat tactician, and not just a boy without a home who likely lies somewhere on the autism spectrum. Wyatt’s journey can be taken as a coming-of-age tale for those who see themselves in captivity. It is a bildungsroman that takes place in the mind, and the depth and reality of Hagion is indeed seen almost entirely through the eyes of our protagonist, who we are shown from the outset might not be entirely in control of his cognition. This allows the reader to give as much credence to the fantastical elements as they like. Is Wyatt really a transplanar avatar, imposing his will across vast distances of time and space? Or is he a young and unwell child, abandoned and coping by escaping from reality? The book will pull you in both directions, and Wyatt’s story hits all of the emotional notes. The supporting cast of characters compliments both worlds. In the children’s home of Shephard’s Crook, Wyatt is antagonized by bullies, managed by a staff of volunteers and social workers and befriends a girl with a troubled past named Athena. In the fantasy realm, he is beset upon by all manner of fantastic beasts, ranging from half-flora/half-fauna fern wolves to the undead Fallen and the ominous Regents. He makes friends in the form of Mareck and Gareck, two golem-like beings who call themselves Children, in service to the Mother. He also meets a character that is very much like Athena in the Draygan (a half-dragonlike race) Rozen. At the beginning we are told that the world of Hagion is a vast and fantastic place, and a map Wyatt wields (albeit poorly) reveals locations like The Barren Plains, The Endless Sea, Krémnos, The Wastes, The Shadow Forest, Ouranos, Mesos, and the Peaks of Servitude. Fans of the work of J.R.R. Tolkien will find lots to like about the main quest, punctuated with gritty action sequences that will have you imagining them taking place on the big screen. The pacing is good for an adventure tale, and the dialogue is sharp and funny. The book is well-edited overall and great care has been taken to shape the world of Hagion. The Mighty, Druid’s Guise Book I sets up a series with a lot of room to grow. The characters we are introduced to are quirky, but have a lot of depth. The places we are brought to are brilliantly realized and the author’s attention to detail is reminiscent of the great classics of fantasy. I look forward to reading the next book in the series, and give this first adventure of Wyatt, The Mighty 5 stars. Author: A.C. Spahn The Endurance series is no longer available as separate volumes. Volume 1: Enduring Endurance Volume 2: Mightier than the Sword Volume 3: Under Cover Priestess of Ishana Author: Judith Starkston Assessed for Awesome Indies Book Awards Assessors needed After the untimely death of the previous Awesome Indies coordinator, Brian Sfinas, I took over the administration, rebuilt the website at https://awes Never Say I Can’t (… after stroke) Author: Philip Catshill Assessed for Awesome Indies Book Awards Never Say I Can't (... after stroke) ©2018 Awesome Indies Book Awards	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line906
__label__cc	0.714339	0.285661	Canada's online magazine: Politics, entertainment, technology, media, arts, books: backofthebook.ca Politics, tech, media, culture and more, from a Canadian point-of-view Arts and Books The Video You are here: Home / Living / PlayStation nights PlayStation nights 01/12/2010 by backofthebook.ca Leave a Comment By Jodi A. Shaw I cringed this past Christmas while purchasing a PlayStation 3 for my husband. It didn’t exceed my budget and the shopping experience was quick and easy, but I was disgusted with myself for finally giving in. I’ve long had a distaste for video games and have been unapologetically vocal about it. The reasons were partly personal: for years I desperately wanted in on my brothers’ Nintendo playing, and the damn things were also responsible for the downfall of a four-year relationship with a boyfriend who seemed to love his time with Castle Wolfenstein more than his time with me. Less personally, video games can encourage and create isolation and anti-social behaviour and, of course, they have been controversially linked to violent crimes. My husband loved the gift and I didn’t see much of him in the days following Christmas. I feared my reservations had been confirmed. Since then, though, I’ve been pleasantly surprised to have my expectations set on their head. It turns out video games aren’t evil, violence-ridden, time-sucking isolation devices after all. Well, they do suck up quite a bit of time. My husband spends a couple of hours each night on the couch navigating his way through Lego Batman. But it’s fine: I watch and we talk. We’re not the only couple finding quality time this way. Kyle, 30, says he and his girlfriend purchased a Wii specifically because “it’s something we can do together.” Rather than spending evenings on the couch watching TV, they bowl. Nintendo’s Wii is a top seller and has been praised for getting people off their butts, moving, and interacting. Kyle was injured last year in a hockey game and has been sidelined ever since, but he’s been able to get his athletic fix via the Wii. Joanne, 39, cannot say enough about the Nintendo DS and what it’s helped her eight year-old daughter achieve. Hoping to help her child with concentration and schoolwork, Joanne invested in the handheld game system. Her daughter was soon hooked on games like Sudoku Challenge and Bookworm and “she’s more focused, more confident, and her grades have gone from D’s to high C’s and B’s.” Joanne has even found herself picking up the DS for a few moments of Brain Age. Says an employee at EB Games: “Gaming companies are really responding to the changing needs of the players. There are still violent games, and lots of them, but there’s also a vast array of fitness-inspired games and educational and thought-provoking games.” Meanwhile, at my house, we enjoy our PlayStation nights. Instead of watching separate television shows in separate rooms, or sitting in silence while watching a movie, we share news about our day, chew over problems, and joke. And I eat my words and admit repeatedly that video games really aren’t as bad as I made them out to be. Filed Under: Living Tagged With: entertainment, family, games, marriage, parenting, video games Fort McMurray: Shopping time! By Brady Tighe We’re now officially in the aftermath phase of the northern Alberta wildfire crisis. The fire is long gone, and everyone with a home to return to is back in its … [Read More...] Electoral reform: Hashtag fresh thinking By Alison@Creekside The most interesting and innovative idea to come out of the first meeting of the all-party Special Committee on Electoral Reform, or ERRE, was Nathan Cullen's suggestion, … [Read More...] The Trudeau gush fest is getting old By Jim Henshaw There have been several bewildered as well as angry accounts coming out of the USA lately about how little media time has been spent covering the Democratic Presidential Primary … [Read More...] My friend, Rick, at the Pride Parade By Frank Moher On this dreadful day, I don't want to write about the shootings in Orlando. I want to write about my friend, Rick. Rick lives just outside of Nanaimo, a city of about 80,000, … [Read More...] Triumph of the drama nerds By Frank Moher Two drama nerds have recently moved into high profile positions. Before I name them (or perhaps you’ve already guessed who they are; or perhaps you’d like to scroll down and look at … [Read More...] From “Our Rape Blog”: Shooting the Moon Originally published on Our Rape Blog, the author's account of the aftermath of a violent sexual assault. By Mary Fraughton Have you ever played Hearts? It’s a card game. For our purposes, … [Read More...] The video: Lelu Island: “They will come.” From Creekside: The B.C. provincial government is trying to green light the construction of a massive LNG terminal on Lelu Island in the Skeena Estuary -- Pacific Northwest LNG, backed by Malaysian … [Read More...] The fish hotel Hatred on an Alberta golf course Our selective sympathy The Water Bomber, The Frogman and The Great Canadian Novelist Komagata Maru: The story behind the apology 9/11 Afghanistan Alberta bad behaviour books British Columbia business Canada Canadian military Canadian politics CBC celebrity computers Conservatives crime environment family film G20 Globe and Mail internet Jason Kenney journalism Justin Trudeau law Liberals Maclean's music National Post NDP newspapers oil sands online media Ontario Quebec RCMP religion sports Stephen Harper television theatre Toronto U.S. Vancouver women Archives Select Month July 2016 June 2016 May 2016 April 2016 February 2016 November 2015 October 2015 September 2015 August 2015 July 2015 June 2015 May 2015 April 2015 March 2015 February 2015 January 2015 December 2014 November 2014 October 2014 September 2014 July 2014 June 2014 May 2014 April 2014 March 2014 February 2014 January 2014 December 2013 November 2013 October 2013 September 2013 August 2013 July 2013 June 2013 May 2013 April 2013 March 2013 February 2013 January 2013 December 2012 November 2012 October 2012 September 2012 August 2012 July 2012 June 2012 May 2012 April 2012 March 2012 February 2012 January 2012 December 2011 November 2011 October 2011 September 2011 August 2011 July 2011 June 2011 May 2011 April 2011 March 2011 February 2011 January 2011 December 2010 November 2010 October 2010 September 2010 August 2010 July 2010 June 2010 May 2010 April 2010 March 2010 February 2010 January 2010 December 2009 November 2009 October 2009 September 2009 August 2009 July 2009 June 2009 May 2009 April 2009 March 2009 February 2009 January 2009 December 2008 November 2008 October 2008 September 2008 August 2008 July 2008 June 2008 May 2008 April 2008 March 2008 February 2008 January 2008 December 2007 November 2007 October 2007 September 2007 August 2007 July 2007 June 2007 May 2007 April 2007 March 2007 February 2007 January 2007 December 2006 November 2006 October 2006	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line907
__label__cc	0.72318	0.27682	September 9, 2011 by Always On Shuffle - 0 comments Capital Cities – Safe and Sound Capital Cities is an electro-pop duo out of California that prides themselves on producing good-mood music that is extremely catchy. They are self-described as being “synth-tastically bright, danceable and catchy, yet maintaining a depth that reflects the band’s roots.” I’d have to agree. If you have a craving for more, check out there site at http://capitalcitiesmusic.com/ Capital Cities- Safe and Sound Childish Gambino- Break Donald Glover, a.k.a. Childish Gambino, has been emerging as one of the biggest internet sensations in the rap game. More well known as one of the stars of the hit NBC show Community, Donald started his rap career as simply a side project. Since then, he has taken off with his incredible talent for extremely witty and often hilarious punchlines that will leave you saying, “damn, did he really just say that?” Here is Gambino’s take on Kanye West’s “All of The Lights” which I haven’t been able to stop playing for months now. If you like that, also check out the video below where he held an impromptu concert at a steakhouse in Idaho. Prepare to be dumbfounded. Chilidish Gambino- Break Childish Gambino- Impromptu Concert in Idaho Gramatik – Stairway to Hip Hop Heaven All the way from Slovenia we bring you this mix of Led Zeppelin from producer Gramatik. He began in 2008 posting remixes and original production on the web, and now travels the world performing at festivals and shows. Check out Stairway to Hip Hop Heaven, and its equally interesting visual.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line910
__label__cc	0.725023	0.274977	DC Flagship Writing Fellows Start a New Chapter Do Women Really Earn Less than Men? Tobacco Road Sports Cafe & Brewery 505 West Jones St., Raleigh, NC 27603 We hear a lot about the gender wage gap and how women are consistently denied equal pay to men despite doing an equal amount of work. But do women really earn less than men? Join AFF-Raleigh for a conversation with Romina Boccia, a leading fiscal and economic expert at The Heritage Foundation. Romina will reveal the latest research to understand the gender wage gap. She’ll also talk about the policies being discussed in Washington, DC and the states to address it, such as paid family leave and the Paycheck Fairness Act. In addition to policy expertise, she’ll also share some personal experiences and offer valuable advice for men and women on succeeding at work and earning your worth. Join us for an interesting discussion, valuable professional advice, and happy hour! As always, your first drink is on us. We hope to see you there! Since 1995, America’s Future Foundation has been the premier nationwide network of liberty-minded young leaders, providing unique opportunities to learn the ideas of liberty and develop the skills necessary to articulate them. 3434 Washington Blvd 1st Floor © America's Future Foundation. All Rights Reserved. v2	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line912
__label__wiki	0.504527	0.504527	« PLEASE JOIN/DONATE — Ally’s Angels – Butterfly Walk/Run & Flutter Fundraiser for JourneyCare Palliative Care & Hospice for Children 12-9-14 Donating to “Children With Hair Loss” » GOAL/DREAM for my daughter Ally —- PLEASE read this amazing story!!! — You’ve got a friend in me: Kids embrace little girl with fatal disease October 12, 2014 by Tina PLEASE take a few minutes to read. This is an SMA family we know from California who also run the Gwendolyn Strong Foundation (http://thegsf.org/) . I would do almost anything to have the same for Ally and I know it IS possible!!!! I am sooooo inspired at how wonderful their school district and community are and will once again be advocating strongly for Ally to have the same. She is currently at a Therapeutic, Special Needs School with an AMAZING teacher and staff, but my biggest dream for her is to have TRUE friends and experiences with typical peers TOO (in addition to her other special needs friends). Ally’s brain is unaffected by SMA, and although she is currently behind academically due to not speaking with her mouth, missing school over a year, and many other reasons…. she needs time in a public school with all types of friends. My current goal is dual enrollment, where she will go to her Special Needs School three days and another welcoming, team-atmosphere, school in Chicago two days and see if we can go even more often (if things go well). Link to the article on the Today show…http://bit.ly/SMAonTODAY You’ve got a friend in me: Kids embrace little girl with fatal disease Jacoba UristTODAY contributor Oct. 9, 2014 at 10:50 AM ET An extraordinary thing happened when Gwendolyn Strong went to school. She made perfectly ordinary friends. Gwendolyn was born with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA), a fatal, degenerative disease that affects all voluntary muscles. Her parents worried that a simple infection picked up at school could kill her. And they worried that no one would want to be friends with the little girl in the wheelchair. “Going to a typical school that wasn’t for students with special needs, I was afraid if kids would accept Gwendolyn, which was the most important thing to her,” her mother, Victoria Strong told TODAY. “But also so fearful that parents wouldn’t necessarily want their children to get close to a little girl who we all know, with SMA, we are going to lose one day.” Courtesy of Victoria Strong All for one and one for all: Gwendolyn and friends playing together on a school field trip. But the children at Gwendolyn’s school had some lessons to teach about love, acceptance and the power of friendship. Strong described the last two years as a “beautiful, social experience.” She is “blown away” every Monday morning at drop-off when Gwendolyn’s classmates run over to talk about their weekends, “just like she’s everyone else.” “They will look right into her eyes and ask, ‘Gwendolyn did you have a good weekend?’ Then they raise their hands, ‘yes’ or ‘no’ so she can respond with her eye movement,” explained Strong. “Yes? Did you go the zoo? And they end up having these long conversations in a natural way as friends.” Gwendolyn walks to class in the morning with friends. Diagnosed as a baby with Type-I SMA, Gwendolyn, now a second grader at Washington Elementary School in Santa Barbara, California, relies on around-the-clock medical care to keep her alive. A breathing apparatus is connected to a mask on her nose. A suction machine, which needs to be used 10 to 12 times a school day, prevents her from choking. Gwendolyn eats through a feeding tube and depends on a recumbent wheelchair. She is non-verbal and no longer has the ability to smile — but uses her eyes and sounds to communicate. First grade musical, “Jack and the Beanstalk.” Gwendolyn played the goose that laid the golden eggs. Like any 7-year old, Gwendolyn’s relationships have blossomed out of school too, particularly with her best friend Miabella Cyr, who shares Gwendolyn’s passion for American Girl dolls. “Watching their friendship grow has been extremely heartwarming,” said Miabella’s mother, Kirsten Cyr, a nurse in Santa Barbara, California. “[Mia] has always wanted to visit the American Girl store and when we told her we would go this summer and she could bring one friend, she immediately said, ‘Gwendolyn wants to go so badly.’” Gwendolyn enjoys recess games with her friends. In August, Victoria Strong and her husband, Bill, drove Gwendolyn to Los Angeles to meet Miabella and her mother for the “Girls’ Day” outing — something Victoria said she never could have imagined, after Gwendolyn’s diagnosis, when doctors warned the Strongs that their daughter might not survive a full year. “When we first started talking about SMA and that Gwendolyn wouldn’t live for a very long time,” Cyr said, “Mia was caught off guard. And when Gwendolyn was hospitalized last year, Mia was very concerned and made her a bracelet and card, like the other kids in school.” But one friend’s fragile health doesn’t seem to hinder the girls’ genuine bond. Gwendolyn’s father, Bill Strong, admits he was torn about sending her to school, because picking up an infection there could end her life. But in the end, the Strongs decided that the one thing they could control for their child is how she gets to live now, with as typical a life as possible. “I can’t tell you how many families we’ve met now with children with SMA who have passed away,” said Gwendolyn’s father, Bill Strong. “And we know how fortunate we are to even have the opportunity to attend school.” Gwendolyn, with her parents Victoria and Bill Strong. To reflect their daughter’s resilient spirit, the couple founded the Gwendolyn Strong Foundation (the GSF) to “fight alongside Gwendolyn,” creating an annual grant program to foster SMA research and helping to develop a unique iPad app for non-verbal patients. Gwendolyn, the birthday girl. According to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, SMA affects about 1 in 10,000 people and the prognosis is poor for babies with SMA Type-I. Most die within the first two years. “While these children have normal immune systems, most Type-I parents are very concerned, especially during a respiratory season, about sending their kids to school because the they are so vulnerable,” said Dr. Kathryn J. Swoboda, a neurologist and director of the University of Utah’s Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program. “Children like Gwendolyn are essentially walking around with ICU attached to them at every moment. They are 100 percent dependent on caregivers.” Families can’t keep SMA patients in a bubble, she explained, but some try to give their children at-home enrichment rather than school, watching educational videos for example. Gwendolyn’s 7th birthday party was a Frozen themed ice skating party with her friends. “When you see Gwendolyn, you might assume she’s not cognitively typical either,” said Tina Barense, a Santa Barbara registered nurse who stays by Gwendolyn’s side during the school day and helps her participate with her peers. “But Gwendolyn is above average and was the first student in her class last year to recognize all the sight words.” Last weekend, the Stongs did something many parents do: they celebrated their daughter’s birthday — with a “Frozen” theme, of course, and a cake and school friends and a glittery crown for the birthday girl. Reaching age 7 is a big deal for a child with SMA, and one of many milestones her parents are grateful to have experienced. “Gwendolyn wants wonder and joy and the thrill of childhood,” says Victoria. “And that gives us courage, to know that when we no longer have her in our arms, she will have lived a life with friendships and learning and fun in spite of SMA. Her disease didn’t take everything from her.” Jacoba Urist is a journalist in NYC, who covers health, education and gender issues. Follow her on twitter: @JacobaUrist Posted in Uncategorized \| 1 Comment on October 12, 2014 at 1:03 pm \| Reply debjougruss This is a beautiful story about Gwendolyn. I pray that Ally can find this kind of friendship and be as normal as she can be with SMA. People need to quit treating children with Special Needs differently. Even though they have medical problems that might not allow them to live long they are still part of the Human Race and we need to recognize this and help them to fulfill as much of their potential in life as possible while they are still with us. This goes for all Special Needs Children. Debra	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line914
__label__wiki	0.84061	0.84061	Pacific Lutheran 3B: Andy Schmitz 2B: Matt Voelzke George Fox (3-5, 0-1) 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 6 2 Pacific Lutheran (5-3, 1-0) 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 X 3 5 1 Pacific Lutheran (5-4, 1-1) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 2 By: Seth Preuss TACOMA --- The Bruins opened their 2019 Northwest Conference campaign with a doubleheader against Pacific Lutheran on Saturday, February 23. The two sides split the afternoon with a 3-1 win for the Lutes in game one and a 2-0 win for the Bruins in game two. Game One: The Bruins put Christopher Stone on the mound and got six innings from their right-handed starter. Stone struck out three and walked three in his first loss of the year. Isaac Olson and Chase Fetzer finished the game for the Bruins with two innings of scoreless baseball. The Bruins fell behind early after giving up a run on a sacrifice fly in the first inning. The Lutes added two more runs to their side of the scoreboard in the third inning to keep the pressure on the Bruins. In the top of the fifth, the Bruins were able to put a run on the board after a bunt single from Colby Watilo allowed Jerred Seamons to cruise home and make it a 3-1 game. Neither team would score after that, however, and the game came to a close in well under 90 minutes from first pitch in a fast-paced pitchers' duel. Game Two: George Fox jumped in front early in game two. A leadoff double from Matt Voelzke started the game on the right note and a Lutes error allowed Voelzke to score after Seamons put a ball in play on the right side of the infield. The Bruins got seven and a third shutout innings from Landon Schirer to hold on their 1-0 lead late into the game. Schirer racked up eight strikeouts and pounded the zone all afternoon, never surrendering a walk against 30 batters faced. Voelzke shut the door for his second save of the year with a one and two-thirds performance, striking out three and keeping a clean sheet for the combined shutout. After the teams continued to put up clean frames in the following innings, the Bruins broke the scoring drought with another run in the eighth. Seamons drew a walk to get aboard, made his way to second on a single from Trevor Nannini, and came in to score on an RBI single from Matt Ramirez. With Voelzke holding it down on the mound, the 2-0 advantage for the Bruins would hold as the final score. Seamons went 2-4 at the plate with the Bruins' only run of the game and Derek Johnson was 2-3 at the dish in a game where the Bruins otherwise struggled at the plate against the Lutes' ace. The Bruins' defense did a great job backing up their pitching in the second game, and Schirer was locked in with his eight Ks. Seamons was involved in both scoring plays for the Bruins after helping plate Voelzke in the first and cruising home himself in the eighth, and Voelzke helped with his arm and his bat to secure the win. The Bruins snapped a three-game losing skid with the win and improve to 4-5 overall and 1-1 in NWC competition. What Happens Next: George Fox finishes its first conference series with a single game at Pacific Lutheran beginning at 12:00 pm.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line926
__label__cc	0.749297	0.250703	High Stomach Acidity Quizlet Flashcards Chemistry Acid Reflux In Premature Babies Dec 2, 2018. A: Physiologic reflux which presents as spit up in babies is extremely. of 4 months will have reflux and the numbers are higher in premature babies. About What Is Polarity in Chemistry? Polarity is a physical property of compounds which relate to other physical properties, such as melting and boiling points or solubility. Bond polarities arise from bonds between atoms of different electronegativity. Chemistry Module 8 Review + Flashcards \| Quizlet Zumdahl Chemistry Study Questions. Study Questions are chapter review problems with answers. This set was written for "Honors Chemistry" which used Chemistry by Zumdahl and Zumdahl, 8th Edition (Brooks Cole, 2010). The Questions and Answers are given as separate files. Chemistry and More – Zumdahl Chemistry Study Questions 68 Study. chapter 14 review acids bases modern chemistry 90C0A993E8399D4437CD49D899A3EF5E Chapter 14 Review Acids Bases Here, students can find CBSE Class 10th Science NCERT. Acidity or alkalinity of a solution is measured by concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) versus hydroxyl ions (OH-) and is expressed as pH level, an exponential scale that ranges from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very. Coffee Acidity: Flavor, pH, Acid Reflux, and. – Coffee Acidity – Flavor, pH, Acid Reflux, and Low-acid Coffee: Part 1 By Jeff Borack on August 21, 2015 in Taste Depending on who you ask, acidity in coffee is either a) the cause of heart burn and/or acid reflux, or b) the source delicious fruity complexity, a. Alkyne reactions quizlet – gbmbuilders.com – mcgraw hill chemistry Flashcards and Study Sets Quizlet Organic reaction mechanism AccessScience from McGraw organic chemistry essentials such as alkanes and Choose from 500 different sets of exam 2 general chemistry flashcards on Quizlet. I’m not going to lie to you and say that it’s not. This is a quiz on the alkenes, their reactions and products. Li –> NH3 (alkyne reduction) Trans alkene. Search. Barcelona – Spain Flashcards – SAT Biology: Human Body System. – As a member, you’ll also get unlimited access to over 75,000 lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you succeed. Acid Definition in Chemistry. An acid is a chemical species that donates protons or hydrogen ions and/or accepts electrons. Most acids contain a hydrogen atom bonded that can release (dissociate) to yield a cation and anion in water. The higher the concentration of hydrogen ions produced by an acid, the higher its acidity and the lower the pH of the solution. electron shell An electron shell may be thought of as an orbit followed by electrons around an atom’s nucleus. ion An ion is an atom or molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge. During the past 30 years since 1987, GMC has not only developed the internationally first-class mining machines and attained 124 patents, but also invested RMB 1.57 billion in Lingang, Shanghai and set up the manufacture base for high-end mining machines which is sufficient to influence the world pattern of the mining machine industry. Cures For Acid Indigestion In Pregnancy Will Probiotics Help My Acid In My Stomach	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line929
__label__cc	0.694655	0.305345	How To Fix Xbox One Upnp Not Successful Error In Network Set November 13, 2018 ArticleXL Team Computer, Featured 0 By connecting your Xbox One to the internet, you can make the most out of it. But connecting to the internet also brings out a number of potential issues. If your Xbox One is displaying UPnP not successful error in the network settings, then read on to find about the method to fix it and resume gaming. What is Xbox One UPnP Not Successful Error? Ports are sockets in a digital network into which devices can be inserted or plugged. Software ports play a vital role in internet addressing and assist in defining the destination of data packets. Ports are utilized for organizing incoming as well as outgoing internet traffic. UPnP is an acronym for Universal Plug and Play. Basically, it enables compatible devices to automatically set port forwarding so that applicants do not have to do it manually. Even though the outcomes of the two are sometimes similar, with UPnP Xbox One can easily request a port, instead of having to input certain port numbers manually. But when problems with Universal Plug and Play come up, the console may show the UPnP not successful error in the network settings. This error means that there are problems with using UPnP and failure in automatic port forwarding. Because of this, users may encounter issues while connecting to Xbox Live. How to Troubleshoot UPnP Not Successful error Because networking is very complex, the troubleshooting steps to fix this problem can change for different users. Simply restarting the Xbox One may fix the issues, but at the time you may need to follow further steps to fix the problem. Go to the router’s login page. Now, enter the login credentials and sign in to the router. Open the UPnP menu in the router. Enable the UPnP. After that, disable it. Hit the Save option. Reboot the router, modem, along with the Xbox One. Open the UPnP menu on the router. You need to enable the UPnP. Click on the Save option. Reboot the modem, router, along with the Xbox One. After resetting the router, just reboot the Xbox One, and see whether the UPnP message in the Network Settings is present or not. If the error persists, then you can use port forwarding functionality of the router. Stephen Strange is a self-professed security expert; he has been making the people aware of the security threats. His passion is to write about Cybersecurity, cryptography, malware, social engineering, internet and new media. He writes for Norton security products at norton.com/setup Source : norton.com/setup Shipping Goods When You Are Moving To Jamaica Maintaining A Healthy Lifestyle While Studying Abroad	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line936
__label__wiki	0.665162	0.665162	Let's Dance To Russ Morgan Arab Dance Let's Dance To Russ Morgan and His Orchestra Vocalion A Product Of Decca Records VL 3601 From Billboard - June 23, 1958: Bright, bouncy wax with a solid ballroom terp beat makes this low-priced ($1.98) Decca subsid package a good commercial bet. Sides, many featuring vocals by Morgan, Betsy Gay, Clyde Rogers and the Morganaires, include "The Poor People Of Paris," "Alabama Bound" and "That's My Weakness Now." The Poor People Of Paris Till I Waltz Again With You Walkin' To Missouri Banjo Tango Alabamy Bound The Tennessee Wig-Walk Dancin' With Someone None But The Lonely Heart That's My Weakness Now Posted by By Mark Betcher at 6:43 PM No comments: Romance 'a la Mood - Pierre Chaille The Love Nest Romance 'a la Mood Pierre Chaille and The Grande Orchestre ABC-Paramount ABC-280 From the back cover: From the first bright sweeping strains of "A Shine On Your Shoes," you know that here is a recording dressed up in its musical best for that something or someone special: the most delectable of dishes – "Romance a la Mood." The something special in this case may be attributed to the continental sound of Pierre Chaille and the Grande Orchestre. Long a favorite with European audiences, here is the American debut of this outstanding orchestra. Performed by more than fifty accomplished musicians, the full-bodied Chaille arrangements applied to standard American songs bring a sparkling dynamic sound suited for dancing, dining or relaxed listening. With the liberal use of strings and brass, the gifted conductor has perfected the listening formula. Since his early years on Paris's famed Left Bank, Pierre Chaille has diligently pursued his first love – music. His own instrument, the violin, afforded him his first job in a tiny Paris club. Often earning only enough to pay for his meals, Chaille natured his ambitions in the company of his Left Bank comrades. Immediately prior to World War II, he organized a small orchestra so successful that when he entered the French armed forces, he continued his musical career as band director. Folling a distinguished military career, he formed the large orchestra that has gained an international reputation. By means of lush arrangements, the maestro compensates for his Left Bank days when he performed with only piano accompaniment in the Paris night spot. His first album for ABC-Paramount is a valuable addition to the American catalog of European artists. Covering the range of musical expression from the capricious "Dancing Tambourine" to the beautiful "Heaven Can Wait," here is memorable music for your mood. – Rick Ward From Billboard - August 31, 1959: This album represents the American debut of the ork of 50 musicians. Arrangements are lush, with a continental flavor. Tunes are standards from the archives of Harms, Inc., Remick Music and Witmark, like "I Get A Kick Out Of You," "Heaven Can Wait," "Remember me?" A Shine On Your Shoes I Get A Kick Out Of You I've Got Rings On My Fingers Dancing Tambourine Breezin' Along With The Breeze Thou Swell Getting Romantic - The Swingle Singers Etude - Op. 10, No. 6 - Chopin Getting Romantic The Swingle Singers The Creative Swingle Singers Freshen-Up The 19th Century Romantic Composers: Beethoven, Chopin, Schumann, Mendelssohn, Moussorgsky, Albeniz and Schubert All Selections Arranged and Adapted by Ward Swingle Scherzo - Sonate Op. 24 for Violin and Piano - Beethoven Allegro - Sonate Op. 26 - Beethoven Valse - Op. 64, No. 2 - Chopin Petit Prelude Et Fugue - Album a la Jeunesse - R. Schumann Le Marche De Limoges - Pictures At An Art Exhibition - Moussorgsky Andante - Quartet, Op. 44, No. 1 - Mendelssohn Zohtzico - Albeniz Andante - String Quartet, Op. 29 - Schubert New Mann At Newport - Herbie Mann New Mann At Newport Cover Photo: Joe Alper Album Design: Marvin Israel Supervision: Nesuhi Ertegun Recording Engineer: Bill Hanley & Phil Lehle Atlantic Recording Corporation 1471 Available from online vendors so I will not be posting a sample. Presented here to share the cover art and jacket notes. On Project S, Scratch, She's A Carioca & Summertime, the personnel is Herbie Mann, flutes; Jimmy Owens, trumpet & fluegelhorn; Joe Orange & Jack Hitchcock, trombones; Reggie Workman, bass; Carlos "Palato" Valdes, percussion; Bruno Carr, drums. On All Blues, the personnel is the same except that Jimmy Knepper, trombone replaces Jack Hitchcock, and Attila Zoller, guitar is added. Jimmy Heath arranged Project 2 & She's A Carioca. Johnny Carisi arranged All Blues From the inside (book-fold) cover: Speaking of the occasions he has returned to the scene of the former trump, or reshape the performance of an earlier hit, Duke Ellington once said: "At times like that I'm not competing with Ellington." A similar dictum might be applied in the case of New Mann At Newport: here is Mann competing with Mann. As anyone can tell you who was there, or who bought the album, Herbie Mann's group destroyed all contenders during a phenomenally emotion-charged set at the 1965 Newport Jazz Festival. The vital, gutty music that reached out and touched the 15,000 fans who packed the field that night was preserved ub Standing Ovation At Newport (Atlantic 1445). Naturally, in 1966 George Wein wanted Herbie back. And just as naturally, Herbie did it again. Having been present on both occasions, I can testify to the power of Mann, to his unique way of getting to a crowd. Once again the creation was so strong that Wein had difficulty in introducing the following act. It was another night to add to the long list of such events in the career of Mann as a leader. On New Mann At Newport you will hear a personnel and instrumentation slightly different from that of the 1965 group. In addition to the two trombones there is Jimmy Owens, a trumpeter doubling on fluegelhorn. This youngster attracted attention a couple of seasons back, working with Charles Mingus. Born 22 years ago in New York City, he played in the 1959-60 Newport Youth Band. Herbie says: "I think Jimmy Owens is probably the most important new trumpet and flugelhorn player around." Project S, composed and arranged by tenor saxophonist Jimmy Heath (brother of the MJQ's Percey) is an orthodox swinger in 4/4, that fast-disappearing meter. Herbie's gift for finding an interesting series of contexts for his flute is well demonstrated as he works with Reggie Hitchcock's vibes and lets Owens sidle in subtly. The trombone soloist is Joe Orange, 25-year-old nephew of the great swing era trombonist J. C. Higginbotham. Scatch was composed by Wayne Henderson, well known as trombonist with the Jazz Crusaders. Heard in a much briefer version of Our Mann Flute (Atlantic 1464), it has a smoother, lighter beat in this new treatment. A funky, attractive theme with simple blues chords and interesting intervals, it shows Workman double-stopping while Herbie blows, alternating solos by the brass men, and one of those sharp cut-off endings reminiscent of the bebop era. She's A Carioca is a Jobim tune, arranged for this occasion by Jimmy Heath. "It was something of a challenge for Jimmy," Herbie says, "He usually arranges his own tunes; in fact, he told me this was his first bossa nova arrangement." The trombone soloist is Jack Hitchcock. All Blues is a ringer in this set, in that it was not recorded at Newport, but shortly before the festival, and with two personnel changes (see listing). The Miles Davis composition is a blues with a triple pulse and a long-meter (i.e. 24-bar) chorus. Owen's is outstanding here; his spare, brooding sound bears out Herbie's enthusiastic endorsement. An unusual aspect of this track is the presence of a tenor saxophonist in the person of one Herbie Mann. "I hadn't touched the tenor in at least four years." says Herbie. "Then, about four months before this recording was made, I took it up again; so this is my first recorded tenor solo since I resumed doubling." His warm sound and supple handling of the horn would seem likely to presage many more such contributions. Notice the sensitive time feeling, and the sound of surprise in the selection of notes. All Blues, incidentally, was arranged for Mann by Johnny Carisi. Summertime is another repeat performance. An earlier version was taped in the days before Herbie Mann At The Village Gate, his first hit album, Atlantic 1380. This treatment, however, is a bird of a very different color, and one that flies a little faster. The long introductory passage by Reggie Workman serves as a reminder of Mann's aptitude for setting moods in some of his more informal performances (this is a head arrangement). It also offers an exceptionally effective illustration of the headway made by the bass fiddle in jazz during the past few years. Workman is heard in a fine big-toned arco, as well as as pizzicato and strumming, before the vibes' preparatory riff enters to pave the way for the exposition of the melody by Herbie. The ad lib flute, backed by the perennial percussion of Carlos "Patato" Valdes, leads to various unpredictable developments, involving changes of meter and tempo, that take the performance far outside of the Gershwin theme. Herbie seems to work his way clear through a fall, winter and spring before Summertime returns. – Leonard Feather Project S She's A Carioca Gems By Pearl Bailey 8th Street, Association Orchestra Conducted by Don Redman Vocalion VL 3621 A Product Of Decca Records From Billboard - October 27, 1958: Some of the older classics performed by Pearl Bailey wherever she goes are included here. "Say Si Si," "World Weary," "As Long As I Live" and "Ciribiribin" are included, with the ork helmet by Don Redman. Some jocks will find this an interesting collection and it can be moved by racks as well. Say Si Si I Wouldn't Walk Across The Street Hug Me A Hug (Kiss Me A Kiss) I Love My Argentine Ciribiribin Word Weary I Heard Nothin' Nothin' Baby (Without You) Alla En El Rancho Grande (My Ranch) The Music Of Quincy Jones - Benny Bailey, Ake Persson & Joe Harris Jones Beach The Music Of Quincy Jones As Played By Benny Bailey, Joe Harris, Ake Persson and The Quincetet Recorded at Millessalen Recording Studios, Stockholm Sweden Argo LP 668 Chess Producing Corp. - Chicago Benny Bailey - Trumpet Ake Persson - Trombone Joe Harris - Drums All members of the original Quincy Jones orchestra that toured Europe in 1960. Other soloist on the various tracks are listed in the accompanying liner notes From the back cover: Quincy Jones wears many hats. He is an arranger of brilliance. He plays trumpet passably. He leads his own large orchestra, a feat that requires more than conducting, in that a leader also has to be father, mother, wife, and psychiatrist to some 16 musicians. But, most of all, he is a composer who writes with delicate melodic sense and rhythmic vigor. He is a budding Duke Ellington, and there are many who will tell you that his orchestra will be the band of the 1960s. He already has given impressive indication of the road he intends to take. The recent trip he made with his band revealed to listeners what his first two albums had led them to suspect – that his orchestra is precise, joyously swinging, and interested in exploring arrangements that show thought in their preparation and are written expressly for the musicians in that band, utilizing their individual capabilities. One of those individuals created a good deal of attention on his own. That would be Benny Bailey, the trumpeter with huge tone and broad attack who went to Europe in 1953 with Lionel Hampton and stayed there until Quincy called Benny back from Sweden to join him. Bailey's performances herein show you why Jones was so eager to get him on the band. This LP was cut in Sweden last year in the company of another American, drummer Joe Harris, and the light-quick Swedish trombonist Ake Perrson, another member of the Jones band. Several combinations of Swedish all-stars make up the backing. The Golden Touch was arranged by pianist Gunnar Svensson and features solos by Persson, followed by Bailey, baritone saxist Lennart Jansson and Svensson. I'm Gone is a medium blues that spots muted Benny Bailey over an ensemble background. Persson, tenor saxist Bjarne Nerem, and pianist Gosta Theselius who plays marvelously in all his appearances here. Jones Beach, another easy blues, follows. It's in quintet format, with Bailey and alto saxist Arne Domnerus at the horns. They start with a double-time introduction. Theselius picks up with a funky lead-in to the ensemble and later plays a nicely-built solo. Quincy's best-known composition to date may well be The Midnight Sun Never Sets. A hauntingly pretty ballad, it has been recorded several times, but never any better than on this album as it becomes a solo vehicle for Persson. Theselius also contributes some lovely piano. Theselius arranged Meet Benny Bailey, which again shows why Benny is meeting with such approval. Plenty, Plenty Soul, written by Quincy especially for Milt Jackson, is treated somewhat faster here than Milt did it, and highlights Bailey and Theselius. Fallen Feathers, Quincy's moving tribute to Charlie Parker, is all Benny Bailey save for a short intro by Theselius. Count'Em, an easy blues, winds everything up, and the horns of Persson and Nerd take the solo spots. We think you'll find this combination of Quincy Jones' music and the resounding horns of Benny Bailey and Ake Perrson to be a stirring mixture and one that points out yet one more facet of Quincy's talent. He has an unerring sense of taste when it comes to picking the right chairs. Quincy Delight Jones is something else! – Al Porch The Golden Touch I'm Gone The Midnight Sun Never Sets Meet Benny Bailey Plenty, Plenty Soul Fallen Feathers Count'Em Posted by By Mark Betcher at 3:18 AM No comments: Satchmo In Style - Louis Armstrong & Gordon Jenkins Satchmo In Style Louis Armstrong with Gordon Jenkins And His Chorus and Orchestra Decca Records DL 8840 Solo notes: Trumpeter Billy Butterfield plays behind Armstrong vocal on Blueberry Hill Charles La Vere is the pianist on Indian Love Call Romeo Penque is the flutist on Listen To The Mocking Bird From the back cover: In their devotion to a legend, most jazz writers have tended to gloss over or become petulant concerning a basic truth. Louis Armstrong is an entertainer, a jazz entertainer, certainly, but show business all the same. As George Avakian so aptly put it in his essay about Armstrong in "Jazz Makers" (Rinehart); "He is, within the limitation of his field, a great comedian, and probably could have been a great actor. As it is, he plays in public a part based on his true personality, that of an enthusiastic, happy and elemental jolly-good-fellow, and does it very well indeed." However, when one reads about Armstrong, one usually finds mention of his omnipresence as a jazz influence-instrumentally and vocally – and rightfully so; comparisons are made with the so-called "purist" Armstrong of old; and then, with bold strokes, the writer inevitably paints the picture of the jazz giant who moves comfortably in the realm of commerciality. "Such a pity!" they cry. "Pops has come down from Olympus. He's gone square." I don't believe that this is the case. Armstrong has gone his own way. One gentlemen of the recording industry who is close to him commented: "Louis has little mind for this romance of aesthetic sacrifice, commerciality versus 'the real jazz', and all that sort of thing. He just plays and sings, and it comes out Armstrong." Pops' early background in New Orleans emphasized the realities of life. He was an ambitious man determined to make his way. His dedication and artistic ideals were not so much discussed to make his way. His dedication and artistic ideals were not so much discussed as played. A "cat" played music or he didn't; he did the best he could, where he could. There was no grandiose purpose to it all, psychological or otherwise. Over the years, Armstrong has functioned along these lines. Still a contributor to jazz, vividly colorful and so much the showman, his jazz-based personality bursts through, whatever the context. He is flexible, at home in most musical climes. For Pops, each and everyone of them are "part of the business." His natural musical instincts in conjunction with a 'well-developed sense for audience contact make him what he is. "Pops is Pops," says trumpeter-commentator Ruby Braff. "Too many people put him down because he is being himself. Lets face it, what other artist has given so much to jazz? This album is Armstrong, the jazz entertainer. He sings, humors, touches and "wails", gem out of his usual jazz setting, inhabiting lusher environs. The frame for Armstrong makes for an interesting contrast. "Jenkins understands Louis," said our recording gentlemen. "In this program, there is meshing of two worlds and two personalities." The result is music for a diverse audience, not least of all for the people who savor the Armstrong voice and horn – his brand of entertainment. – Burt Korall From Billboard - February 9, 1959: An unusual combo of Jenkins ork and chorus and Louis (Satchmo) Armstrong. The former providing the famed "jazz entertainer" with lush background for some of Armstrong's best tunes. The inevitable warm and jolly qualities of the singer comes thru in "Blueberry Hill," "The Boffenpoff Song," "Sleepy Time Down South" and "Bye Bye," a product of collaboration of the two artists. Good DJ programming and attractive cover. It's All In The Game Jeannie (I Dream Of Lilac Time) Chlo-E (Song Of The Swamp) Indian Love Call Listen To The Mocking Bird That Lucky Old Sun (Just Rolls Around Heaven All Day) The Whiffenpoff Song (Baa Baa Baa) (The Boppenpoof Song) Bye And Bye Spooks! When It's Sleepy Time Down South Dancing Cheek To Cheek - Ron Bannister & Luis Perez Ay Cosita Linda Dancing Cheek To Cheek Featuring The Society Orchestra of Ron Bannister And The Latin American Rhythms of Luis Perez Harmony/Columbia HL 7216 From Billboard - November 16, 1959: Here's a package with strong appeal for those who enjoy nitery-styled society music. Bannister provides bouncy, lighthearted instrumental treatments of 13 memorable standards – "I Wish I Were In Love Again," "Varsity Drag," "Lady Is A Tramp." Perez takes over intermission with equally terpable renditions of catchy Latin ditties. Ron Bannister I Wish I Were In Love Again The Varsity Drag I Won't Dance Steppin' Out With My Baby The Lady Is A Tramp Pick Yourself Up I've Got My Love To Keep My Warm Ev'rything I've Got Bill Bailey, Won't You Please Come Home Luis Perez Pulque El Satellite Por Tu Senorio Losers, Weepers - Kay Starr Gonna Get A Guy Losers, Weepers Produced by Dave Cavanaugh Capitol Records T1303 From the back cover: Kay, of course, has been famous for her easy, rhythmic style since she first started making Capitol records way back in 1947. She has gone on to become one of the most popular feminine vocalists in the business, with almost more hits that even she can keep track of. Her most recent album, "Movin'!", marked her first performance with the band of arranger-conductor Van Alexander, and here again she sings with Van. But this time, in keeping with the feelingful moods of these tunes, he provides a sympathetic background of strings that form a pleasing contrast to Kay's rhythmic designs. He has created another element of contrast, too, using the strings as a basic background through which glint mellow solo accents by muted trumpet and trombone, guitar, piano, and saxophone. From Billboard - February 15, 1960: Kay Starr sings the low-down, too-sad-for-tears blues, and the upbeat, rowdy, happy rhythms, and does well by all as evidenced b y the selections in her Capitol album, Losers, Weepers. Single-wise, her newest is You Always Hurt The One You Love b-w Gonna Get A Guy. A confirmed California, the free time which Kay values so greatly is spent sailing a 72-foot sloop and playing a golf game in which she breaks 100 "if I break my back." You Always Hurt The One You Love I Should Care I'm A Fool To Care Don't Take Your Love From Me When I Lost You Please Don't Talk About Me When I'm Gone I Miss You So A Faded Summer Love When A Woman Loves A Man Kay Starr In A Blue Mood Evenin' In A Blue Mood With Orchestra Conducted by Hal Mooney, Frank De Vol and ave Barbour Capitol Records T-580 From the back cover: How do you become a blues singer? Well, it isn't easy. First, you pick out a day like July 21, 1922 and you say to yourself, This is for me, I'm gonna be born. And you are. Where? There are a lot of good places, but Dougherty, Oklahoma will do. Especially since that happens to be where your folks are living at the time. Your folks, incidentally, aren't just plain old run-of-the-mill type parents. They've got a little Irish and Cherokee blood mixed up in them. And that never did anyone any harm. Dougherty being what it is, or, more properly what it isn't, you and the family decided to move. Now, if you're going to wind up singing the blues, Dallas is a good place to start and Memphis is a good place to stop. As a matter of fact, your first professional stop is WREC in Memphis, while you are still going to high school. A couple of radio fans named Joe Venuti and Bob Crosby hear you singing and decide that if you sound that good, you've just got to look that good. And since you do, they wind up with the perfect answer to what goes well in front of a jazz band. For the next couple of years you go through your basic training by singing for these gentlemen, their bands, and several million people who either show up in person at the dance halls or catch the broadcasts over the radio. Two more years with Charlie Barnet, another character who knows the true and the blue, and you're ready to step out as a single. Which you do. El Rancho Vegas, Ciro's Mocambo. Enter a five-year record company called Capitol, which is interested in signing up-and-coming singers to recording contracts. And since no one is more up-and-coming than you, Capitol signs you. Recording history starts being made. Mama Goes Where Papa Goes, Hoop-De-Doo, Bonaparte's Retreat, Ain't Nobody's Business, I'll Never Be Free, Oh, Babe, Wheel Of Fortune, Kay's Lament, Three Letters, Noah, Side By Side, Fortune In Dreams, Comes A-Long A-Love, I'm The Lonesomest Gal In Town, When My Dreamboat Comes Home, Wabash Cannonball and many others. All of which is jukebox history. So now you're a great blues singer. It has taken time, effort, heredity, environment, Vitamin B and powerful positive thinking. Admittedly, this isn't the only way to become a blues singer. But it's a very good way. From Billboard - November 5, 1955: Capitol, Kay Starr's former label, has gathered together a dozen items which present the chanters at her bluesy best. Miss Starr, of course, has many fortes; but for purposes of atmosphere and mood this selection of tunes makes sense, and included "I Got It Bad And That Ain't Good," "What Will I Tell My Heart," "A Woman Likes To Be Told," "He's Funny That Way," etc. Hard to tell at this point how Miss Starr's present slow streak in the singles field will affect her as a catalog artist. A Woman Likes To Be Told Maybe You'll Be There I'm Waiting For Ships That Never Come What Will I Tell My Heart? He's Funny That Way I Got The Spring Fever Blues Don't Tell Him What's Happened To Me I Got It Bad And That Ain't Good Everybody's Somebody's Fool It Will Have To Do Until The Real Thing Lerner & Lowe Favorites - The Hollywood Studio Orchestra Dark Eyes Lerner & Lowe Favorites By The Hollywood Studio Orchestra Photo: George S. Whiteman Crown Records CLP 5452 Thank Heavens For Little Girls East Side West Side Estrellita I've Grown Accustomed To Her Face Come Back To Sorrento Seven Lonely Days - Jean Shepard Someone's Heartache Jean Shepard Seven Lonely Days Produced in Nashville by Larry Butler Capitol Records ST 8-0321 From the back cover: "Seven lonely days one lonely week. Seven lonely nights make one lonely me." As Jean Shepard sings these lyrics, you get the feeling that she's a lady who's been through love more than once. You get the feeling that the song really means something to her – the catch in her voice and the honesty of her phrasing tell it all the way every woman wishes she could. Oklahoma-born Jean began working on her unbeatable singing style with Noble's Melody Ranch Girls when she was just sixteen. Then, Kay Starr and Hank Thompson were the performers she tried to model herself after as she worked at becoming America's greatest girl entertainer. A lot of people would say Jean's fulfilled her ambition and got her wish – today she is America's greatest girl entertainer and this album is crammed full of Jean, her great style, and ten chart topping tunes. Nobody can sing the familiar Seven Lonely Days quite the way Jean can, and Sonny Jame's unforgettable hit, Invisible Tears may very well become a hit all over again with the touch of her soft womanly voice. Charlie Louvin's song, Someone's Heartache and Merle Haggart's Today I Started Loving You Again are both here, performed by Jean as songs she likes to sing because they're meaningful. You could say the same thing for D-I-V-O-R-C-E too. It's a song about what can happen to a real woman interpreted through a real woman's mind – Jean Shepard's of course. And that's why she's the greatest – when artists, whether painters or singers can make their art seem real through the feelings put into it, they're great artists and you can be sure that Jean Shepard's going to be in their company for a long time! Today I Started Loving You Again Only Mama That'll Walk The Line Invisible Tears D-I-V-O-R-C-E I'm Tied Around Your Finger You're Telling Me Sweet Lies Again You Know Where You Can Go The Music Of Quincy Jones - Benny Bailey, Ake Pers... Satchmo In Style - Louis Armstrong & Gordon Jenkin... Dancing Cheek To Cheek - Ron Bannister & Luis Pere... Lerner & Lowe Favorites - The Hollywood Studio Orc...	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line940
__label__cc	0.633229	0.366771	Identify Japanese woodblock print of kabuki actor, possibly by Kunichika, possibly set on Tokaido Road July 30, 2011 9:06 PM Subscribe Need help identifying this Japanese woodblock print of a kabuki actor. I think the artist is Kunichika, and the print is set somewhere on the Tôkaidô Road. At the top of the page is a large box of Japanese text -- I'm hoping someone can read this, or otherwise identify any hints about the location, actor and character. (Two more translatable things inside) Here is the signature cartouche. Based on similar signatures elsewhere, I think it's Toyohara Kunichika. Possibly Hiroshige III did the landscape section behind the actor? On the left side there is this additional line of text. Any ideas what that says? I think it's from the same series as these prints (see below) at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, which are described as part of "the series The Tôkaidô Road: One Look Worth a Thousand Ryô (Tôkaidô hitome senryô)". I think each print in the series is set at a different station/town along the Tôkaidô Road, so landscape features might be helpful in identifying it if the text doesn't. Here's a list of some locations along the Tokaido Road. (I think that list is not comprehensive, because there are supposed to be 53 stations. But if the print looks like one of those locations to you, please let me know!) (Examples of other prints in that series: Print set at Hakone?; print set at Ishiyakushi?; print set at Shôno?; print set at Fuchû?; print set at Minakuchi?; print set at Sakanoshita?) I haven't found a comprehensive listing of the prints in the series anywhere online, and have only found two others listed anywhere. So links to other prints in the series, or info about the series, would be great too. posted by LobsterMitten to Media & Arts (15 answers total) In this, the little box with a single line of text (the rest of the box is overlapped by the lots-more-text) mentions the name "Sasaki Gennosuke" (佐々木源之助). This could be the character, perhaps. I'm not really sure. I'm in kind of a rush at the moment, but maybe someone else can offer some more useful help. posted by DoctorFedora at 9:52 PM on July 30, 2011 posted by LobsterMitten at 10:01 PM on July 30, 2011 Right above Sasaki Gennnosuke it says "Nissaka" which this Japanese Wikipedia page says is the 25th stop on the Toukaidou. http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%9D%82%E5%AE%BF posted by zachawry at 10:26 PM on July 30, 2011 Yep, the artist is Kunichika. Here it is at Waseda. I'll translate the text in the box if my kid goes to sleep before someone else does... posted by No-sword at 10:27 PM on July 30, 2011 You are all awesome! It sounds like Sasaki Gennosuke is a character in the play "'Hana ayame katami ezoshi' (花菖紀念画双紙)." [I don't know kabuki so maybe that was obvious to everyone else. That title translates to English via web transgarbulator as "Flower Memorial Originator x". ] These are the first results for the character: Sawamura Tosshô II as Sasaki Gennosuke 1863 print by Utagawa Kunisada I (Toyokuni III) Sawamura Tossho II as Sasaki Gennosuke in series "Mirror of Photographs of Actors", 1870 designed by Horimino; for a performance of the play in 1870. So I wonder if that actor might be our man. Kunichika made several prints of Sawamura Tossho, which seem to have similar features to the actor in this print. Nissaka is a great lead. No-sword, that's amazing! I've been searching all night. The power of knowing Japanese. Anything you can translate from there, I will be very glad to get. My kanji reading sucks, especially for scribbly handwritten stuff, but the big text in the red box to the far right does say "Tôkaidô hitome senryô" like you had probably guessed. Then the additional small boxes on the left side, I can only read the smaller of the two - 小夜中山 / "sayo (no) nakayama", which after googling, looks like a location somewhere along the Tokaido. posted by p3t3 at 11:04 PM on July 30, 2011 Oh, and sorry if the Japanese google results are not entirely helpful. It's in Shizuoka Prefecture - here. Working further on the name "Sasaki Gennosuke", it looks like this actor performed a character of that name in the play "長柄長者黄鳥墳 -- Nagara Chôja Uguisu Zuka" first performed in Kyôto, in the Minamigawa no Shibai theater in 1813/09 (MI)". to save translators' eyes: It sounds like this is indeed part of the same series (thanks p3t3!) so maybe a bunch of the text will be names of others involved in producing the prints. If those are the same as others in the series it might include these (lifting from the Boston MFA): Artist: Toyohara Kunichika Other artist: Utagawa Hiroshige III Publisher: Fujiokaya Keijirô (Shôrindô) or Ebiya Rinnosuke Blockcutter: Katada Chôjirô (Hori Chô) It might give the year? 1867 (Keiô 3), 3rd month Parenting is still keeping me busy, but a quick overview of the text in that box is that it is a poetic description of the scene: "Having left its cage, the nightingale sings... suffering from illness that neither doctors nor the waters of Kusazu can cure... etc." This is all related to what happens in the story, apparently (a girl has a trained nightingale in a cage, it gets out, Gennosuke catches it for her, they fall in love, he also has an incurable illness, her family is opposed, bloodbath). The book (it wasn't originally a play) is then described as a masterpiece by (Ritsujōtei) Kiran 栗杖亭鬼卵 (1744-1823) — who was indeed the author of 長柄長者黄鳥墳 — and then the caption is credited to Sanzantei Arindo 山々亭有人 (1832-1902) (some info on him here). Kiran's original story was apparently a big hit, inspiring many retellings, eventually on the stage. There's some info on that here, but it's in Japanese and Google Translate probably won't do a great job given the subject matter, profusion of proper nouns, and frequent quoting from Edo-period Japanese. As for which actor it is: Waseda has a tag for Sawamura Tosshō 澤村訥升, so I think your conclusion is correct. I don't see that name on the actual print, but Waseda no doubt knows something I don't. posted by No-sword at 3:26 PM on July 31, 2011 [2 favorites] That is beautiful, No-sword. Fantastic to get part of the translated text and background on the story! If you have time later, anything else you can see here will be gratefully received. Google translates the title of the play as "Fen nightingale millionaire Nagara"; does that sound right? This is a print of my dad's, and he's been wondering what it is (artist, subject, etc) for a long time,. Please take my word for it that you're making a deserving man happy with all this help. Thank you all again! posted by LobsterMitten at 4:37 PM on July 31, 2011 May I just point out that while No-sword says in the above comment that he did a "quick overview" of the text and makes it sound so nonchalant and easy, most native Japanese speakers without any background or interest in historic Japanese literature and/or text couldn't make heads or tails out of that (that includes me!). What a fantastic answer by a truly knowledgeable MeFite! posted by misozaki at 6:19 PM on July 31, 2011 [1 favorite] I'm going to keep posting my notes in here as I figure out more pieces. I figured out the medium block attached to the artist's cartouche in the middle right. It's the signature of the craftsman who cut the block: Katata Horinaga (片田彫長). Figured that out by comparing with other examples with his signature at British Museum webpage; they give the Japanese characters and the Romanization in their database information. Next, the place. Here's a better list of the stations of the Tokaido Road, with the Japanese characters and transliterations to Roman characters. Cross-referencing that with the other prints in the series at the Boston MFA, I think zachawry is correct that the place name is generally written above the name of the actor (in the box that's overlapped by the descriptive text about the play) in this series. So Nissaka 新阪 (or with modern characters: 日坂) is the place. The link above says Nissaka is apparently the 26th station, if you number them starting from the Tokyo end and include the origin points. This leaves the small left-middle text as mysterious. "Sayo no nakayama" doesn't appear on the list of stations of the Tokaido Road, but maybe it is still a place-name, maybe as an address for the publisher or similar? Big red box at middle left: The bottom three characters in this box also occur in a large red box on this Hiroshige III print from the same time period: The British Legation at Takanawa, published by Hiranoya Shinzô. Not sure if the top two characters are also part of Hiroshige III's signature that depends on context? A reference site for finding the publisher: publisher's seals from Japanese prints. As of now there are four missing or partly-decoded pieces: the smallest box in the top right the two boxes in the middle left the smallest box in the middle right And some pieces of information that might be in there: publisher name (and address?) artist address? Hiroshige III as additional artist (MFA website suggests he did the backgrounds) posted by LobsterMitten at 12:43 PM on August 6, 2011 "Sayo no nakayama" doesn't appear on the list of stations of the Tokaido Road, but maybe it is still a place-name In the Nissaka link above, it says "Nissaka-shuku was located at the western entrance to Sayo no Nakayama (小夜の中山?), regarded as one of the three difficult mountain passes along the Tōkaidō." So it looks like this was a famous difficult stretch of the Tokaido road that went through some mountains. Nissaka was the station just west of it. The kanji basically mean "evening" (sayo) and "within the mountains" (nakayama). posted by p3t3 at 3:30 PM on August 11, 2011 [1 favorite] Oh, and the smallest box in the top right looks like probably the name of a mountain. I'd guess it's the mountain in the background of the picture. posted by p3t3 at 5:14 PM on August 11, 2011 « Older seeking new relationship advice \| Need help identifying this engagement ring set Newer » Can you translate what's written on these... November 14, 2013 Who will help me bake this おはぎ? March 31, 2011 #16 deshou ka? October 28, 2010 Bohannon, bohannon, bohannon March 20, 2008 Smooch October 1, 2006 kunichika	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line943
__label__wiki	0.710407	0.710407	Beijing’s New Gateway to the World is taking shape copyright ©ADP Ingénierie & Zaha Hadid architects A Giant is rising at Daxing. The new airport in Beijing is planned for completion in May 2019 and will start trial operations late that year, according to China Daily. Olivier Berger, CEO of ADP INGENIERIE, subsidiary of the GROUPE ADP, discussed key challenges and design consideration of this giant project with Martin Lamprecht of Momberger Airport Information. The new airport in Beijng airport is planned for completion in May 2019 and will start trial operations late that year, according to China Daily. Initially, it is expected to serve 45 million passengers annually, but the new facility is designed to handle 72 million passengers, 2 million tones of cargo, and 620,000 aircraft movements in 2025. Airport construction began in December 2014 but the facility has not been given an official name. It is located between Beijing’s Daxing district and the suburbs of Hebei’s Langfang city, 46 kilometers south of Beijing’s center. Straight-line distance to Beijing Capital International Airport, the city’s current international airport, is 67 km. A 66-km rapid transit rail line will be built linking northern Beijing to the new airport in the south, passing underground through the center of the city. In planning the new Beijing airport, what where the major design challenges and objectives? Olivier Berger, CEO of ADP INGENIERIE, subsidiary of the GROUPE ADP Olivier Berger: The most innovative concept of the terminal planning is undoubtedly the centralized functional concept. It will allow the best communication between all airport actors (concessionaires, airlines, authorities and operators) and it will give the best quality of service to the terminal. It provides as well the best process visibility to passengers while avoiding the use of an APM (automatic people mover). The centralized functional concept brought us to stack vertically the different terminal processes. It will be the first airport with two departure levels and two arrival levels. This will increase flexibility between international and domestic operations and increase building compactness. It will also allow the pooling of BHS (baggage handling system) equipment and finally also centralize the landside access for both international and domestic passengers. This concept is clearly visible in the terminal shape with one centralized processor connecting five radius piers. Our project offers the best possible passenger experience: through straightforward flows and connections by short walking distances through clear spaces and gardens; the best possible operation ability through the centralized process, smooth aircraft circulation, flexibility for unknown future traffic and processes; the best profitability through efficient commercial areas on landside and on airside, clearly visible by all departing passengers; and the best sustainable approach through a well-thought-out design, where building skin, facades’ orientation and height have been studied to optimize energy use. How does the terminal design facilitate growth of traffic and expansion of terminal space? Olivier Berger: International airports never evolve as expected during their initial conception. Therefore, rather than proposing a single option for the future, we have imagined a terminal layout that allows any unexpected change of traffic. The Proposed centralized processor is on multiple levels, distributing five symmetric piers. It allows to allocate different gates either to domestic or to international flights. For instance, if a domestic satellite is built in a second phase. Additional international gates can be found in the main terminal by switching two piers from domestic to international traffic. This change requires no heavy works on the building, contrary to non-centralized processors where façades or control lines have to be shifted. The airport will evolve from 45 Mpax a year to 72 Mpax a year in second phase. The terminal processor resources will be increased in order to satisfy the future needs. Although additional boarding gates will be located in the satellite, additional check-in, controls, or baggage belts will be located within the main terminal. We therefore have designed all the process zones with free areas left for the second phase, the APM reservations have also been taken into account. The second departure level that is mainly dedicated to frequent flyer passengers will also in the future be used more as passengers’ habits will evolve. What has been planned in this new airport for Beijing to facilitate and promote public transportation? Olivier Berger: This new airport is designed to accommodate the upcoming increase of the Chinese population using public transportation. The airport will be connected with high speed trains, regional trains, subways and also an airport express train that crosses the airport platform. The airport becomes one element of the whole transportation system and not necessarily a goal by itself. It completes the whole system of south Beijing without necessarily becoming an isolated object. Apart from the rail transportation, buses and regular car access is well planned. The landside access accommodates two train stations exchange platforms in the basement level literally underneath the terminal and also on the opposite side near the airport city. They are connected through a ground transportation building that forms the sixth pier of the overall shape and finalizing the star shape and hence completing the central functional concept. Some rail platforms are also directly connected to the departure levels through Sky trains (high speed and High capacity lifts). The GTC (ground transportation center) is connected by two direct pedestrian bridges allowing passengers to cross the system without any crossings, the flow is therefore continuous, enabling passengers to choose easily their different transportation means. Have new airport technologies or passengers’ habits been taken into account in the design? Olivier Berger: The terminal layout is thought to allow passengers to use the airports in different manners. It will allow regular passengers to travel easily, encountering all the traditional services found in airports while at the same time allowing passengers to discover a new way to travel. Daxing new international airport intends to set new guidelines to future travels. Passengers nowadays will use the airports more for pleasure. The airport intends to fulfill these needs by reducing the impact of travel related process and increasing new services such as movie theaters or even sports through an Olympic sized swimming pool. Quick access for frequent flyers are both thought at departures and arrivals, allowing business travelers to reduce their transportation time while at the same time enjoying an enhanced passenger experience through operational means, functional design and a true unique architectural experience. Written by Martin Lamprecht, as part of a series about sustainability and airport development. Published on ADB SAFEGATE with permission of Momberger Airport Information Martin Lamprecht Guest blogger from Momberger Airport Information Air traffic ExpansionBeijngChina Our biggest A-VDGS market with more than 1000 systems sold A truly a collaborative event: Airport-CDM Seminar in Brazil Leeds Bradford Airport boosts air traffic capacity with ADB Safegate system Single Source of Truth -AODB drives operational efficiency An airport operational database (AODB) is the heart a... posted on July 18, 2018	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line947
__label__wiki	0.797977	0.797977	Eyesore Merch We are a music & entertainment clothing company who love to talk about music & entertainment. Visit our store at: www.eyesoremerch.com for the best T-Shirts on the web! Album Review: Cult Of Luna ‘Vertikal’ Posted on January 31, 2013 by EyesoreMerch Cult Of Luna – Vertikal Genre: Post-metal/Doom metal Label: Indie Recordings Cult Of Luna are a septet from Sweden, who are known worldwide yet have a, dare I say it, cult-like following – not one of the first names you think of in post/doom metal, but definitely one of the most praised and respected in the genres. Generally slow-paced, the band never depend solely on their tempo and grumbling guitar tones alone, often bringing in the softer and ambient influences of post-rock into the mix. So “Vertikal” is the follow-up to 2008’s mighty “Eternal Kingdom”, and is the first album without vocalist Klas Rydberg – however, this loss has definitely not broken Cult Of Luna by any means. “Vertikal” is a concept album (unlike the set-up for the press during “Eternal Kingdom”) and is based on Fritz Lang’s dystopian science fiction Metropolis, released in 1927, while the Weimar Republic was still in in power in post-WWI Germany. Although the film plot is far too detailed to talk about here, Metropolis focused on class differences and distance, featuring an industrial city suffering under a ruler obsessed with wealth. So you can imagine with this theme in the members’ minds during the creation of this album that we can expect Cult Of Luna to darken their sound… which is exactly what they did. However, electronic influences appear more prominent than ever, contributing to both atmospheric and industrial sounds during parts of this album. There’s also less of the post-metal vibe here, and perhaps more of a progressive sludge sound – yes, the Isis and Mouth Of An Architect comparisons can still be made at times, but a Neurosis influence is far more obvious throughout the album. The opening track The One is simply an ambient/electronic intro, starting with dull, echoed thuds before a throbbing drone accompanied by soft keys, rising and falling, join in the digital soundscape. Then I: The Weapon starts with roared vocals and mid-paced juttering guitars – the sound that is easily identified as Cult Of Luna’s signature sound. This continues for a while until the guitars fade away a bit, leaving the drums and bass pound along with synthy keys. The band plays with tension slightly, before hopping into a light groove. The electronics keep interjecting at moments, alternating with growling drone lines, the very proggy Isis keys or just a clean keyboard sound. It’s lovely. Next is the longest track on the album at just under a staggering 19-minutes. Vicarious Redemption is an epic (in the true sense of the word) journey – going through more sections and changes than you care to count. The track opens with a haunting ambient drone while some percussion slips into it; this very sound is enough to send chills down your spine. This atmosphere proceeds to linger for the first 4-minutes or so, before morphing into a lighter tone when soft, reverbed guitars come in, creating the post-rock vibe. It then returns shortly to the darkness before, sludgier guitars coming in sparingly, almost as if Neurosis themselves are jamming with Luna. This continues for the majority of the song, except for one spectacular moment just over the 11-minute mark that just jumps on you with no warning: ELECTRONIC WOBS. People may very well link it to dubstep (it’s inescapable these days), but it’s so dark and seething (and there’s no “drop” or anything like that). It’s just a wobbling bassline… and it sounds incredibly evil, especially as the vocals roar in some sort of warp. Then the rest of the band kicks back in, and continues as before, but still reminding you of that incredible moment you never saw coming. The Sweep opens with zappy synths that sounds like something you’d expect from a nu-wave band; this might sound terrible in writing, but it’s actually pulled off well. The track features little to no of the whole band – at least to the point where it’s pretty hard recognise any guitars if there is any. The fifth track, Synchronicity, has a big Godflesh vibe to it with the ringing guitar and the mechanical-sounding drums, as well as injections of background effects and industrial quips – and that’s basically it. Mute Departure takes a more standard Cult Of Luna approach but after the band has listened to Celtic Frost’s A Dying God Coming Into Human Flesh a hundred times. It has the similar creeping, mournful guitars backed by a haunting piano as tribal-sounding drums pound in the background. Eventually the explosion of the band comes, but finishes pretty quickly, falling into a mellower section, and then returning to the same style as the “explosion” part. It is perhaps the most obvious track on the album, but it’s still really enjoyable. Disharmonia is basically 45-second ambient interlude, very much along the lines of something you’d expect from Nine Inch Nails’ “Ghosts I-IV”; which brings the only complaint that this interlude could have been stretched a little longer, because it’s so soothing and lulls you. But perhaps this is meant to bring you into a false sense of security as In Awe Of suddenly interrupts with low chugging guitars, as louder layers are added quickly. You get these glittering echoed guitars at parts with the rhythm rolling onwards slowly, as well as some big luscious feedback play accompanied by electronics. The vocals are pretty sparse too, making it much easier to lose yourself in the whole thing. Then we arrive at the last track Passing Through, which starts with the almost lazily picked guitars as clean vocals intertwine, with lines like “All is quiet, empty streets / All is quiet, the city sleeps / Close my eyes, on my knees / And time’s passing me by”; soon followed with twinkling glockenspiel. The atmosphere is just so heavy yet sounds so simple and innocent at the same time. Another guitar and the keyboard joins in, ever so subtly (and bringing a slight Isis feel again), as the vocals simple “ahhh” distantly to the end. A completely fulfilling and enlightening way to close the album. It’s safe to say that Cult Of Luna have opened 2013 with an undeniable metal titan of an album; while showing no fear to experiment with their sound and to blur the boundaries. “Vertikal” will challenge any long standing Cult Of Luna fan, but not in an excluding way, but more as an eye-opener. The introduction or furthering of influences are far from offensive or distasteful: this is as smooth a change in sound as a slow bend is in a river. There’s also one thing that’s to be said and that is the vocals are far better on this album than ever before, just sounding stronger and not so strained/raspy. The vocals are definitely an improvement here, and with the electronic influence, they make “Vertikal” a far more enjoyable album to sit through from beginning to end, which has personally been a problem with some previous releases. If you’re a Cult Of Luna fan, then this album should be no problem for you… it may just well be their best. Favourite tracks: Vicarious Redemption, Passing Through, I: The Weapon. Review by Rich Reviewz BUY Cult Of Luna Merch HERE Posted in Album Reviews \| Tagged Album Review, Art Rock, Cult Of Luna, Hardcore, Isis, Metal, Neurosis, Pelican, Post Rock, Vertikal \| 3 Replies Album Review: The Bronx ‘IV’ The Bronx – IV Genre: Rock / Punk Label: White Drugs/ATO Records. Finally, after a long wait for a new The Bronx album (as good as their Mariachi project is, well… we need more of The Bronx!), their fourth release comes to light five years after their previous self-titled effort. The quintet are made up by energetic vocalist Matt Caughthran, guitarists Joby J. Ford and Ken Horne, bassist Brad Magers and drummer Jorma Vik. They originally started off as a hardcore punk band, with more emphasise on the punk part, but over time the guys have slowly moved away from the aggressive sound of their first two releases. This release sees another leap in the change of their style, not moving more towards punk, but past it, and further into straight forward rock’n’roll. This is undeniably the catchiest and most accessible the band has ever sounded, but it’s far from a bad thing at all: they pull it off! Matt’s raspy vocals suit the style just as much as his mixture of screams and singing suited the punk style of their previous albums, and his focus on clean vocals here is nothing short of charming. The album opens with The Unholy Hand at fast pace and the opening lyrics instantly grab your attention “They’ve got you working on the weekdays / They’ve got you working on the weekends too / I know you’re swallowing your paycheck / Like it’s what you always dreamed you’d do”. The instrumentation and structure of the song is pretty straightfoward, and this attribute rings through the following tracks for the most part of the album, but not in the predictably tiresome way. Along For The Ride has an upbeat jittery riff and Matt sounds lighter, almost as if smooth-coating the overall sound. The chorus is just ridiculously catchy and unforgettable – something you could easily imagine as a soundtrack to a Jackass film trailer, or cruising along to in your car during the summer. Style Over Everything is perhaps the first track that doesn’t strike as a stand-out track despite having a fairly big sound for The Bronx, it just never really goes anywhere, despite being moderately enjoyable. The fourth track Youth Wasted has a bit of a punk twang to it but stays so light, and with lyrics like “Youth is not wasted on the young”, it has a happy reminiscent feel to it. Too Many Devils sounds like The Bronx unifying the styles of Floor and Jucifer with it’s guitar and drumming, respectively. Again, the chorus is just very catchy. And then Pilot Light changes the pace, slowing it down slightly with it’s stomping verses, and is way catchier than the chorus, almost majestic and obnoxious in its own way that you can’t imagine Matt doing anything else but pulling some Freddy Mercury moves during it. Dare it be said, seventh track Torches sounds incredibly Weezer-ish at parts due to its pop-sensibility, and while this might make long-term fans want to snort in disgust… well, The Bronx make it sound really good! The lead guitar with its semi-clean arpeggio and the bursting chorus really sounds like it’s The Bronx’s very own My Name Is Jonas. Unfortunately, the following track is slightly forgettable as Under The Rabbit doesn’t really bring anything to the table, and feels a bit of a rehash of what you hear in some of the previous tracks. Ribcage is another track that has a slight punk feel to it, instrumentally and lyrically, but again feels so light-hearted that it doesn’t have you feeling like starting a riot but thinking about your best summer. Valley Heat, while again covering the same ground as a few previous tracks, just has this infectious melody that sounds like a sped-up Sweet Child O’ Mine during the verses, without the sleaze. But then you’re given the only downright morose track on the album, Life Less Ordinary, and as odd as it may sound, is really refreshing at this point in the album. The sobering introspective lyrics “I’m not ashamed to say I’ve lost my mind /Been walking backwards my whole life / Some might say there’s a price I pay /For a life less ordinary” grab your full attention with raw beauty. Plus the coughs and low hums that you hear makes the track feel pure and authentic. Following with the closer Last Revelation, with its up-beat instrumentation, feels slightly disjointed at first considering the nature of the previous track, but you soon forget about it with its carefree attitude and chorus-focused style. While “IV” might edge close to being overly repetitive at times, it’s near impossible to feel cheated or claustrophobic, as such is the case with bands that fall into the habit of repetition. Considering most tracks on this album rarely reach the 3-minute mark either, you find yourself putting some songs on over and over again for that particular chorus or verse, as the album just flies by when you’re subjected to so many catchy moments with this. As the aggression that seethed within The Bronx during their earlier releases shrinks further and further away, this is an equally enjoyable album to those efforts. Yes, the spiteful angst is something that made those albums great and addictive, but there’s no reason a long-term fan should find this hard to sit through. Plus if the band is as happy as the music suggests, then it seems like they’re not leaving us any time soon, and that’s something to take comfort in. Favourite tracks: Life Less Ordinary, Torches, Along For The Ride. Posted in Album Reviews \| Tagged Album Review, Clothing, IV, Merch, Merchandise, Metal, Punk, Rock, T-Shirts, The Bronx \| 1 Reply Eyesore Tweets Crying In The Rain! David Coverdale and his mighty @Whitesnake delivering the tear jerkers and world class rock ant… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 4 days ago Maynard James Keenan of tooltheband mesmerising @downloadfest 2019. #tool #downloadfestival #maynardjameskeenan 📷 m… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 4 days ago Randy Blythe of lambofgod @downloadfest 2019. #lambofgod #downloadfestival #metal #festival 📷 maxluciferphoto ©Eyes… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 1 week ago Garbage Pail Kids! Just unearthed this collection of awesome 80s nostalgia from the family loft 🤩 Loved trading the… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 1 week ago Follow @eyesoremerch	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line955
__label__wiki	0.936879	0.936879	CONCERT PREVIEW: My Morning Jacket takes a circuitous route to hard rock By popmusiccritic on June 20, 2011 at 2:30 PM My Morning Jacket (photo: Danny Clinch) By MIKEL TOOMBS The new My Morning Jacket album, “Circuital” (ATO Records), which made its debut at No. 5 on the Billboard Albums chart, starts in a manner that’s, in the words of a classic “Almost Live!” sketch (you know, the one with the headbanging attitude that MMJ often shares), inexcusably lame. Happily, after this four-song Lame List “Circuital” (frontman Yim Yames, the once and future Jim James, pronounces it “sir-cue-a-TAL”) hits its stride on the uproarious “Out of My System.” Here’s an ode to the virtue of indulging your vices (”They told me not to smoke drugs, but I didn’t listen”) early that combines MMJ’s epic-rock tendencies with steel guitar and an arrangement that recalls the Beach Boys’ version of “Sloop John B.” The equally delightful “Holdin’ on to Black Metal,” complete with horns and “Black Metal Girls” choir, follows and MMJ is back to vintage, at times eccentric (”Got to radiate the gold,” Yames/James sings of the aptly titled “Slow Slow Tune’), form. Granted, this six-song stretch makes the already-short “Circuital” (sorry) even more brief. But surely the Louisville-bred rockers will expand on and ramp up the material, much as they did with the underwhelming (opinions differ) ‘05 MMJ CD “Z,” when they perform live Sunday, June 26, at Seattle’s Paramount Theatre (where, incidentally, I was introduced to the band eight summers ago as openers for Foo Fighters). Tickets remain, although only for reserved seats in the Paramount’s acostically challenged balcony. To purchase, click here. Check out My Morning Jacket’s website here. (EDITOR’S NOTE: Mikel Toombs is a frequent contributor to GeneStout.com. Read his story about Seattle’s Out to Lunch concert series here.) Gene Stout	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line966
__label__cc	0.528132	0.471868	Sir Rosevelt (Zac Brown's New Group) Stopped By To Talk New Project posted by Morgan Huelsman - Feb 13, 2018 New southern pop group Sir Rosevelt stopped by our studios this morning. {"position1": {"artist": {"bio": "", "id": 31320045, "name": "Sir Rosevelt"}, "catalog_type": "artist", "description": "", "id": 31320045, "name": "Sir Rosevelt", "related": [{"bio": "", "id": 390596, "name": "Avicii"}, {"bio": "", "id": 707205, "name": "Thomas Rhett"}, {"bio": "", "id": 390102, "name": "Walker Hayes"}, {"bio": "", "id": 34246, "name": "Diplo"}, {"bio": "", "id": 564416, "name": "Dillon Francis"}, {"bio": "", "id": 31027468, "name": "Matoma"}, {"bio": "", "id": 30786579, "name": "TWRK"}], "tagged": false, "type": "catalog"}} Sir Rosevelt is comprised of Zac Brown (Zac Brown Band). Niko Moon and Ben Simonetti. Zac Brown started the fresh chapter of his career on November 10th when the group released their first track 'Something 'Bout You.' The project doesn't mean Zac Brown Band is going anywhere, but Sir Rosevelt is serving as Zac Brown's progression as an artist spinning off of Zac Brown Band's fourth major-label studio album Jekyll + Hyde in 2015. Listen to their full interview with Bobby about the new group and upcoming projects on our replay channel below. {"position1": {"catalog_type": "station", "description": "", "id": 4572, "name": "Bobby Bones Show Replay", "station": {"call_letters": "IBOB-PR", "countries": "US", "description": "A bunch of friends and some microphones", "id": 4572, "name": "Bobby Bones Show Replay"}, "stations": [{"call_letters": "IBOB-PR", "countries": "US", "description": "A bunch of friends and some microphones", "id": 4572, "name": "Bobby Bones Show Replay"}], "type": "catalog"}} {"position1": {"artist": {"bio": "", "id": 31320045, "name": "Sir Rosevelt"}, "catalog_type": "artist", "description": "", "id": 31320045, "name": "Sir Rosevelt", "related": [{"bio": "", "id": 390596, "name": "Avicii"}, {"bio": "", "id": 707205, "name": "Thomas Rhett"}, {"bio": "", "id": 390102, "name": "Walker Hayes"}, {"bio": "", "id": 34246, "name": "Diplo"}, {"bio": "", "id": 564416, "name": "Dillon Francis"}, {"bio": "", "id": 31027468, "name": "Matoma"}, {"bio": "", "id": 30786579, "name": "TWRK"}], "tagged": true, "type": "catalog"}}	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line982
__label__cc	0.663647	0.336353	Need Some Help? (Contact Us) Register Login Sign up for our newsletter Find out the latest indie author news. For FREE. Fiza Pathan Author \| Mumbai, India \| Website Fiza Pathan is a teacher and award-winning author of nine books: S.O.S. Animals and Other Stories, Treasury of Bizarre Christmas Stories, Classics: Why We Should Encourage Children to Read Them, So This Is Love - Collected Poems, NIRMALA: The Mud Blossom, CLASSICS: How we can encourage children to rea.... more Fiza Pathan is a teacher and award-winning author of nine books: S.O.S. Animals and Other Stories, Treasury of Bizarre Christmas Stories, Classics: Why We Should Encourage Children to Read Them, So This Is Love - Collected Poems, NIRMALA: The Mud Blossom, CLASSICS: How we can encourage children to read them, The Flame Will Always Burn - Selected Poems, Amina: The Silent One, Raman and Sunny: Middle School Blues, and "Flesh of Flesh" (Short Story). She also hosts a blog at www.insaneowl.com, where she shares her poetry, book reviews, and other issues close to her heart. Fiza invites you to connect with her via her website at www.fizapathan.com, on Twitter @FizaPathan, and on Goodreads. You can learn more about her at https://margaretjeanlangstaff.com/2016/01/02/love-is-the-slowest-form-of-suicide-fiza-pathan/?iframe=true&preview=true http://lecturaobligada.wordpress.com/2014/07/01/fiza-pathan-if-it-were-not-for-my-social-networking-and-my-blogs-many-of-my-readers-wouldnt-be-reading-my-books/. Amazon link: ttp://www.amazon.com/Fiza-Pathan/e/B0091BCNTU Fiza Pathan's Projects Amina: The Silent One Amina: The Silent One brings vividly to life the grim realities facing women in India today, the gri... more Haunted by a strange, ghostly experience from her youth and lonely in her isolated castle, Laura lon... more CLASSICS: Why and how we can encourage children to read them 2017 Readers' Favorite International Book Awards - Gold Medal Winner in Education 2017 C... more Raman and Sunny: Middle School Blues Middle School is the worst period in a child's life. He or she has to undergo bullying, and an often... more The Legend of Sleepy Hollow: Abridged and Illustrated A sleepy little town is famous for its legend of the Headless Horseman and other specters. Ichabod C... more The Love That Dare Not Speak Its Name: Short Stories The Love That Dare Not Speak Its Name by Fiza Pathan is a collection of twenty-one original short st... more Fiza Pathan's Services No services currently provided. Retail & Libraries PR & Reviews Licensing & Legal Agents & Industry PW REVIEWS PW SELECT ABOUT PRIZE © by Booklife LLC and PWxyz LLC. All rights reserved. Site Engineered by Mediapolis; Designed by Sonya Balchandani Subscribe me to the Booklife Newsletter	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line985
__label__wiki	0.871805	0.871805	Final Brazil polls: Neves edges out Silva to face Rousseff SÃO PAULO — A final slew of polls released on Saturday ahead of Sunday’s first-round vote of the Brazilian presidential elections has predicted a comfortable win for leftist incumbent president Dilma Rousseff, but one that falls short of the 50 percent required to avoid a runoff. The polls predicted the Workers’ Party candidate would also win the highly-likely second round. However, the results suggested it would now be fought against centre-right Social Democracy Party candidate Aécio Neves, who has pulled ahead of former environment minister Marina Silva for the first time since she entered the race mid-August, in a final twist ahead of the first-round vote. Silva stepped up as presidential candidate for the Brazilian Socialist Party after running mate Eduardo Campos was killed in a plane crash on 13 August. The race for second place had narrowed significantly in recent days. Despite the former governor of Minas Gerais now being numerically in front of Silva, the pair still remain technically tied for second place, within the polls’ margin of error. The biggest of Saturday’s polls, conducted by Datafolha and which surveyed 18,116 voters in 468 municipalities on Friday and Saturday, predicted Rousseff would get 40 percent of total votes, with Neves on 24 percent and Marina on 22 percent. Image by Folha de S.Paulo With only valid votes considered, Rousseff’s share is 44 percent, Neves – 26 percent, and Silva – 24 percent. The Datafolha poll says Rousseff would beat either Neves or Silva in a second-round vote, by eight and six points respectively, if held today. The survey also found four percent of respondents remained undecided, and that a further four percent would either spoil their ballot or not vote. The other two smaller polls released Saturday – by Ibope and MDA/CNT – also suggested Rousseff would win after a second-round vote, and that Neves had numerically leapfrogged Silva. Silva’s performance in the polls has declined significantly in the last two weeks, after initially skyrocketing to such an extent that she posed a credible threat to Rousseff’s re-election. Political experts told the Anadolu Agency on Friday that a lack of exposure on national TV and radio political broadcasts, coupled with difficulty in explaining and defending her economic proposals, have contributed to the slump in voter intentions. Saturday’s polls will also have been influenced to some extent by Thursday’s final televised debate between seven of the presidential candidates, in which Neves gave a strong performance but a visibly-fatigued Silva lacked both confidence and coherent answers. Nearly 143 million Brazilian are eligible to vote in the presidential election, which will go to a second round between the top two vote-getters on 26 October if none of the candidates garners more than 50 percent of the vote on Sunday. The vote is compulsory for those aged between 18 and 70 years of age, and optional for 16- and 17-year-olds and the over 70s. Voters, which begins at 08:00 Brasília time (11:00 GMT) will also be electing deputies, senators, governors and state-level legislators as part of general elections. Results are expectedly shortly after polls close Sunday at 17:00 (20:00 GMT). 2 thoughts on “Final Brazil polls: Neves edges out Silva to face Rousseff” Pingback: Polls open in Brazil for crunch presidential elections \| Ben Tavener \| Brazil Pingback: Brazil elections set for runoff between Rousseff, Neves \| Ben Tavener \| Brazil Blog Brazil Elections 2014 Politics Aécio Neves Brazil Brazil elections Dilma Rousseff elections Marina Silva President Brazil elections: No knockout blows in final first-round TV debate Polls open in Brazil for crunch presidential elections	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line994
__label__wiki	0.869125	0.869125	ODDS & SODS: With just a click you can view our classic videos, find exclusive song and video premieres, and enjoy free music downloads ODDS & SODS: Song & Video Premieres John Lennon’s Supergroup The Dirty Mac: Video Premiere The clip is from the legendary 1968 concert film, The Rolling Stones Rock and Roll Circus, now released in newly restored, expanded editions ODDS & SODS: Contests ‘ELO: UK Singles Vol. One: 1972-1978’: Contest For our first contest in nearly a year, we’re giving away a boxed set collection of 7-inch singles of the first hits from the Electric Light Orchestra Chicago Live 1971 Track: Exclusive Premiere Recorded in Washington, D.C., “Goodbye”–previously unreleased–is from the new career-spanning 5-disc collection of live recordings by the R&R Hall of Famers. Jeff Lynne’s ELO ‘Wembley or Bust’ Contest The Rock Hall Class of 2017 star celebrates his recent concert at the Stadium with a live release in a variety of formats. Watch some of the performance and Enter to Win a copy! Moody Blues ‘Days of Future Passed’ 50th Contest The band’s groundbreaking album is being celebrated with an expanded 50th Anniversary Deluxe Edition. Enter to win this 2-CD/DVD set Premiere: Billy Burnette Tears it Up on ‘Crazy Like Me’ In addition to being a son and nephew of rock ‘n’ roll pioneers, he’s built a strong resume of his own. With a new memoir out, we premiere a song from his upcoming album David Gilmour Live at Pompeii Contest A concert film of his two historic 2016 performances is coming to theaters for one night only. We’re giving away a copy (on DVD or Blu-ray) plus several related items Win Tickets to a Deep Purple + Alice Cooper Concert The classic rock legends are touring North America along with special guests, The Edgar Winter Band. Live Nation is giving away a pair of tickets to one BCB reader Savoy Brown Exclusive: Stream New Album Now! Listen to the brand new album by the British blues greats in its entirety before it’s released to the public. Plus: Q&A with founder Kim Simmonds! The Beach Boys 4th of July Contest 1967 Sunshine tomorrow is the first-ever stereo mix of the group’s’ Wild Honey album and 54 sought-after 1967 rarities, with 2+ hours of unreleased live recordings, sessions and outtakes	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line998
__label__wiki	0.794344	0.794344	Scientific Linux is dead, and that's a good thing By Brian Fagioli There are too many Linux distributions these days. While it can be argued that having too much choice is never a bad thing, the truth is, having so many distros causes resources to be spread too thinly. There is a lot of redundancy and waste, and eventually, the chickens will come home to roost -- we will see Linux-based operating systems begin to drop like flies. Linux Mint is alive for now, but infighting and feelings of defeat have many users worried about its future. Sadly, another Linux distribution, Scientific Linux, really has died. This operating system was based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), and maintained by some significant members of the scientific community, such as The Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and CERN. While current versions (6 and 7) will continue to be supported, future development has permanently ended, with the organizations instead turning to CentOS -- another distro based on RHEL. "Scientific Linux is driven by Fermilab's scientific mission and focused on the changing needs of experimental facilities. Fermilab is looking ahead to DUNE and other future international collaborations. One part of this is unifying our computing platform with collaborating labs and institutions," says James Amundson, Head of Scientific Computing Division, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. ALSO READ: VisionTek launches 1TB USB 3.0 XT Pocket SSD for Windows, macOS, and Linux Amundson further explains, "Toward that end, we will deploy CentOS 8 in our scientific computing environments rather than develop Scientific Linux 8. We will collaborate with CERN and other labs to help make CentOS an even better platform for high-energy physics computing. Fermilab will continue to support Scientific Linux 6 and 7 through the remainder of their respective lifecycles. Thank you to all who have contributed to Scientific Linux and who continue to do so." While it is sad to see Scientific Linux die, the truth is, the demise is a good thing. Like I said earlier, it is wasteful to maintain several similar distributions, and there is really no good reason why these scientific organizations can't use the excellent CentOS. The big winner here is CentOS users, as groups like CERN and Fermilab will now contribute to making that operating system even better. In other words, the Linux distro's death should end up being addition by subtraction. Photo credit: Luis Molinero /Shutterstock	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1001
__label__wiki	0.506153	0.506153	Home Latest News Breakthru Beverage Expands Freixenet Partnership Breakthru Beverage Expands Freixenet Partnership Jeremy Nedelka Breakthru Beverage Group announced that it is expanding its sales partnership with Freixenet USA. Beginning July 1, Breakthru will offer Freixenet USA’s portfolio of premier wines in Illinois. The portfolio includes Freixenet, Gloria Ferrer Caves & Vineyards, Mia, René Barbier, Ferrer Family Wines, Deakin Estate, Finca Ferrer, and Katnook Estate. “We have enjoyed a long-standing relationship with Breakthru in many markets, and we are excited to leverage their Illinois team’s passion for selling fine wines on behalf of Freixenet USA. At Freixenet USA, we take great pride in our celebrated brands and heritage, and we look forward to strengthening our commitment to our partnership with Breakthru,” said Tom Burnet, President of Freixenet USA. Freixenet, a fifth-generation, family-run company founded in 1861, currently boasts the number one selling Cava in the world and the number two selling imported sparkling wine in the United States. In addition to the Illinois market, Breakthru currently distributes Freixenet USA’s wines in Arizona, Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Washington D.C. “Breakthru is thrilled to expand our relationship with Freixenet USA and to bring their portfolio to one of the most important markets in the county,” said Greg Baird, President and CEO of Breakthru Beverage Group. “As we continue to grow our portfolio in a strategic, meaningful way, we seek partners whose values are in line with those we hold at Breakthru. We have the highest respect for their commitment to produce high caliber wines and Cava at great value to consumers. We look forward to continuing to grow our relationship with our partners at Freixenet.”	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1002
__label__wiki	0.960779	0.960779	Listen to this: New singles from M.I.A. and A Tribe Called Red By Nicholas Jennings Where have all the protest songs gone? During the 1960s, folksingers like Bob Dylan, Phil Ochs and others wrote and sang activist anthems that tackled issues of war, racism and political corruption, giving hope to a generation of listeners. These days, some of the strongest message-oriented music is coming from the hip-hop and electronic music communities, as proven by the acclaimed rapper M.I.A. and the “electric pow wow” group A Tribe Called Red, both of whom have new singles out this week. M.I.A.: “Freedun” feat. Zayn Maya Arulpragasam, a.k.a. M.I.A., is the rebel princess of pop, inventively mashing up elements of Jamaican dancehall, American hip-hop and British grime with often subversive lyrics that challenge political and social norms. The provocative Sri Lankan artist’s latest doesn’t slam as hard on the beats, taking a slower, more seductive approach with M.I.A singing rather than rapping. She’s also joined by ex-One Directioner Zayn Malik, who lends his sweet falsetto to the track. Plenty of swagger on this one. Best known for her 2008 hit “Paper Planes,” M.I.A., who is also a visual artist, filmmaker and designer, has been busy on Twitter posting news about her upcoming album AIM, which will feature “Freedun.” MIA “AIM” eAlbum Pre-Order iTunes: (Pre-order) https://t.co/TBAzmUjgbb Amazon: (Pre-order) https://t.co/py9zKCrIGGpic.twitter.com/qX9w1pZTF7 — M.I.A (@MIAuniverse) August 18, 2016 A Tribe Called Red: “ALie Nation” feat. John Trudell, Lido Pimienta, Tanya Tagaq & Northern Voice The Canadian electronic music group is made up of Ian “DJ NDN” Campeau, Tim “2oolman” Hill and Bear Witness, all from First Nation reservations. By adding pow wow vocal and drumming samples to electronic dance music, A Tribe Called Red has won a wide audience beyond the aboriginal community and lent support to the Idle No More protest movement. On its latest single, the trio teams up with American Indian Movement activist John Trudell and Juno and Polaris award-winning Inuit throat singer Tanya Tagaq on a powerful consciousness-raising anthem. A Tribe Called Red has tweeted the message of its new album, We Are the Halluci Nation, using YouTube lyric videos. Which nation are you a part of? The ALie Nation or the Halluci Nation? @We_Are_Hallucihttps://t.co/uXAinmY06V — A Tribe Called Red (@atribecalledred) September 2, 2016 Hello! music columnist Nicholas Jennings surveys the pop landscape each week to find the most dynamic tracks to add to your playlist. Canadian Stars Nicholas Jennings Listen to this: New singles from Kaiser Chiefs and TUNS Listen to this: New singles from Michael Bublé and Sarah McLachlan Listen to this: New singles by Katy Perry and Britney Spears	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1007
__label__wiki	0.650174	0.650174	Canadian Touring Nissan Micra Cup Formula European Masters Canadian rally Other rally OFF ROAD - TRIAL © 2019 Motorsport Network. All rights reserved. IndyCar / Breaking news Newgarden: “Utmost faith” that Penske can up its road course form David Malsher IndyCar championship leader Josef Newgarden says that Team Penske-Chevrolet made gains in the Mid-Ohio test on Tuesday as it seeks to close its deficit to Andretti Autosport-Honda on natural road courses. Last weekend’s REV Group Grand Prix at Road America saw Andretti’s Alexander Rossi outqualify the Penskes of Will Power and Newgarden and then lead all but one lap, leaving them trailing some half-a-minute in arrears in second and third. That result has allowed Rossi to reduce his gap to Newgarden to just seven points, and with three of the seven remaining races being held on natural road courses – including the finale at WeatherTech Raceway Laguna Seca, which is worth double points – alarm bells have rung at Team Penske and Chevrolet to up its road course game or risk missing out on the title. With Chevrolet’s manufacturer’s test at Road America from two weeks ago being postponed due to bad weather, the Chevy teams – plus Harding Steinbrenner Racing with Colton Herta and Andretti Autosport with Indy Lights driver Ryan Norman – rearranged the test for Mid-Ohio SportsCar Course, scene of round 13 at the end of next month. And Newgarden believes he, Power and Simon Pagenaud were able to make progress in improving their roadcourse setups. “It was a very beneficial test,” he told Motorsport.com. “It’s always good to get a peek at a racetrack where we’re going to be racing in a few weeks, but for us specifically, we worked on improving our road course cars right across the board – for Mid-Ohio, Portland and Laguna Seca. “And yeah, I think there are some very interesting things that came out of the test, things we can utilize. It was very positive in a lot of respects.” The urgency of the situation saw the three Penske drivers turn a total of 162 laps in the morning and 163 in the afternoon, despite Power losing track time in the afternoon due to an engine failure and missing out on a run with a fresh set of tires. Newgarden commented that the trio started off with similar setups but covered a lot of ground as the day wore on. “We were pretty close in setup but then we did all try and get through as much of a big list as possible and divide that up between us,” said the 2017 IndyCar champion. “But at the same time, we also like to verify our read on stuff, to confirm with each other what we’ve discovered. It’s just good to get a second opinion from your teammate, because he may feel slightly different about something, might point out a circumstance where the change would or wouldn’t work – that kinda thing. “So although we went down different avenues, we also rotated certain items or setups between us, and decided on priorities and so on. Obviously I can’t get too specific, but I think we definitely found some fine-tuning stuff that each of us individually preferred, but at the same time we found improvements that push us forward collectively. “I tell you, we turned a lot of laps. In the afternoon, I don’t recall getting out of the car at all. Just did four hours straight, in and out of the pits.” Asked where he thought Andretti Autosport were gaining time – transferring power to the road on the exit of corners, engine torque, suppleness over bumps, etc. – Newgarden echoed teammate Power. “We have our theories,” he said, “but honestly, I agree with what Will said last weekend: it’s a little bit of everything. Andretti have quite a bit of strength right now, and with Alex in particular. They’re just getting it 100 percent right, and here and there we’re just a fraction off getting it right. And when you apply that to a track as long as Road America and a race with no yellow flags, that advantage tends to look huge. “But we’re plenty capable, I have total faith in the team to flip the situation, but it is funny how this game changes so easily. Last year we struggled on street courses for the most part, and yet we worked so hard over the off-season, the guys did an amazing job and our street course car is phenomenal now. “And it’s not like our road course car is bad: we just need a little more work on it to get us on par with our main rivals, and that work needs to come from us and from Chevrolet, working in unison. That working together is what it’s going to take.” Asked if he was worried about his points lead reducing and there still being three road courses left on the schedule, Newgarden said: “I wouldn’t say ‘worried’ is the right word, but obviously we know he’s there, we’ve seen him coming. But I have the utmost confidence we can find a way to step up because we always do.” Unofficial test times from Mid-Ohio test, Tuesday, June 25 Pos. Driver Car Time Total laps 1 Will Power Team Penske-Chevrolet 65.50sec 44 2 Colton Herta Harding Steinbrenner Racing-Honda 65.54sec 51 3 Josef Newgarden Team Penske-Chevrolet 65.58sec 65 4 Spencer Pigot Ed Carpenter Racing-Chevrolet 65.60sec 24 5 Simon Pagenaud Team Penske-Chevrolet 65.88sec 53 6 Max Chilton Carlin Racing-Chevrolet 65.89sec 41 7 Ed Jones Ed Carpenter Racing-Chevrolet 66.00sec 31 8 Matheus Leist AJ Foyt Racing-Chevrolet 66.26sec 39 9 Ryan Norman Andretti Autosport-Honda 67.00sec 17 10 Tony Kanaan AJ Foyt Racing-Chevrolet 67.39sec 34 Davison reveals throat-grabbing incident with Indy star Power Arrow SPM gains validation at Road America Series IndyCar Drivers Josef Newgarden Teams Team Penske Author David Malsher Be first to get Arrow Schmidt Peterson Motorsports: Toronto Recap Arrow Schmidt Peterson Motorsports: Robert Wickens returns	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1008
__label__wiki	0.615562	0.615562	Smyrna, Vinings & South Cobb Comments By Cathy Puzzlefeed Get More News Each Week By E-Mail High school graduation ceremonies saw seniors don caps and gowns as they picked up their diplomas throughout southern Cobb in May. Whitefield Academy recently hosted the class of 2018 graduation ceremony at the Church of the Apostles in Buckhead, graduating 59 seniors. Pebblebrook High School had 520 graduates, as some 90 percent of the senior class earned diplomas. Seniors also received in excess of $13.5 million in scholarships. Campbell High School saw some 622 seniors graduate. At least one will be attending an Ivy League college. South Cobb High School had 460 graduates for the class of 2018 Of the more than 8,000 Cobb County School District seniors graduating as part of the Class of 2018, about 76 percent will continue their educational journey in college. “Every one of the 8,000 graduates who are walking across stages this week have success stories to tell,” said Superintendent Chris Ragsdale. “Whether the next step in their journey is college or career, each student’s success is a reflection of their hard work, their family’s involvement, and their teachers’ dedication.” Whitefield Academy named Katie Cella as valedictorian. Campbell High School named Jennifer Shen as valedictorian. She is the daughter of Shyh-Chiang Shen and Minya Huang, and will be attending Georgia Tech, majoring in industrial and systems engineering. Campbell High School named six Salutatorians, including: Grant Adams Brown, son of Dick and Lisa Brown, will be attending Georgetown University majoring in international business, Spanish, and Portuguese. Andrew Stephenson Huffman, son of Trey and Kristen Huffman, who will be attending University of Virginia, majoring in finance. Patrick Jacob Kramer, son of Andrew and Jennifer Kramer, who will be attending Georgia Tech, majoring in biology. Emma Lynn Sollenberger, daughter of Alan and Stacy Sollenberger, who will be attending Northwestern University, majoring in secondary education. Jeniveve Alexandra Vaia, daughter of Jason and Siley Vaia, who will be attending Georgia Tech majoring in material science and engineering. Patrick Theodore Will, son of Geoffrey and Celeste Will, who will be attending Georgia Tech majoring in economics. Pebblebrook High School named Brinkley Madison Doherty as valedictorian. She is the daughter of Wendi Doherty and Frankie Doherty. She will be attending Tulane University, majoring in cell and molecular biology and dance. Pebblebrook High School named Erin Victoria Davis as salutatorian. She is the daughter of Gretchen Davis and Eric Davis. She will be attending Boston University, majoring in acting with a minor in political science. South Cobb High School named Zainab Molumo as valedictorian. She is the daughter of Sade and Bolaji Molumo. She will attend Emory- Oxford University, majoring in human health, pre-med or pre-optometry. South Cobb High School named three salutatorians, including: Donni-Margree Lenora Crenshaw, daughter of Jeffery Crenshaw & Donna Crenshaw. She will attend University of Georgia, majoring in biology with a concentration in neuroscience. Paige Nicholas, daiughtter of Kevin and Susan Nicholas. She will attend the University of Georgia, majoring in biology. Sha’kira Thomas, daughter of Natasha Thomas. She will attend Mercer University, majoring in biology. From the June 2018 issue of The Bright Side, Cobb County Georgia’s Newspaper covering Smyrna, Vinings, Mableton, Powder Springs and Austell, GA. The Bright Side July 2019 WHAT THEY ARE SAYING A Smyrna law firm Smyrna advertises monthly in The Bright Side. “We get the best return on investment (ROI) of any advertising media from The Bright Side.” — Jim Fletcher, partner “I was skeptical of print advertising,” said Patrick of TCB Auto Care in Mableton. “But I get new business and coupons every month advertising in The Bright Side.” You can buy a print of many of the photos taken by The Bright Side Staff. Order a print at http://www.brightside.printroom.com/ Austell Business Association City of Austell City of Smyrna Cobb Schools Smyrna Business Association South Cobb Business Association Vinings Business Association Now On Google+	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1012
__label__wiki	0.950743	0.950743	Hamilton Choreographer Andy Blankenbuehler Gives Cats a New Spring in Its Step Gerard Raymond \| May 19, 2016 Share this Article on Facebook Share this Article on Twitter “So many millions of people have a love affair with this show; I feel it is important to give them what they remember,” says Andy Blankenbuehler, who is choreographing the first Broadway revival of Andrew Lloyd Webber’s Cats, the musical phenomenon that has captivated audiences since the 1980s. Blankenbuehler, who is best known for creating the dazzling kinetic moves in this decade’s musical phenomenon Hamilton, will base his work on the original choreography by Gillian Lynne. The new production of Cats also retains director Trevor Nunn, and set and costume designer John Napier — both of whom won 1983 Tony Awards for the original production. “I don’t want to break the DNA of the show, but I want to move it a little more quickly, deepen the storytelling, and strengthen the characterizations, so that when audiences see the show, it will be something they remember, but which happens in a way that is not familiar.” Letting the memory live again, to quote from the musical’s popular hit song, could be a challenge. “I think the millions of people who saw Cats took away from it very different things,” notes Blankenbuehler. “As an audience member, you have romantic memories that moved you, but decades later you only remember the impact of the show.” He reports that he recently talked to a young woman who recalled seeing the show when she was a preteen. “She remembered how she was sitting on the aisle, and the white cat — which is a sort of idealized vision of feline beauty — [physically] touched her. That image of theatrical beauty stayed with her through her entire childhood. She now works in the entertainment business and she swears it was that moment that changed her creative life.” Blankehnbuehler himself was just 12, a Cincinnati preteen himself bitten by the theater bug, when Cats first opened on Broadway. As an aspiring dancer in 1990 at age 20, he says, he was inspired by the extraordinary success of the dance-focused mega-musical when he moved to New York City to pursue his dream. “I literally had a photo of the Winter Garden [theatre] Cats billboard over my bed,” he recalls. “More than anything else, the impact the show made on me was that a historic thing could happen because of dancers — that dance could touch the lives of so many people every night and make a difference. It made the sacrifices of making no money and living in a five-flight walk-up in New York worth it. The irony was that I never got to dance in Cats ,” he adds. In the mid-1990s, the young dancer went on tour with Lloyd Webber’s Music of the Night, but he got to know the composer personally only after he took on the job of directing and choreographing the recent national tour of Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice’s Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat. By this time, of course, Blankenbuehler had received a Tony Award for In the Heights and two subsequent Tony nominations for 9 to 5 and Bring It On. “Andrew reached out to me and asked me to fashion and write a new concert retrospective of his work, and that’s really how we got to know each other,” he explains. And then, not long after Hamilton began its charmed life at the Public Theater at the beginning of 2015, Lloyd Webber asked Blankenbuehler if he would like to choreograph the Broadway revival of CATS. A new, slightly tweaked production had just opened in London the previous fall, but the creators were looking for a fresh take for Broadway. When preparing for the Broadway revival, Blankenbuehler met regularly with director Nunn and other members of the original creative team. “It’s an amazing collaboration,” he reports, talking about the creators of Cats . “Maybe I am being boastful, but it is a similar feeling that I have when I am around my Hamilton friends. There was a feeling during In the Heights and Hamilton — we are all at the top of our craft and all our cylinders are firing — that we were in the sandbox and we just had to get our hands dirty because we had nothing to lose. One person feeds off the other and things that you don’t anticipate happen,” he explains. “I think that’s how Cats was made, that they got into this room and it was this mad, crazy science experiment. So it is a huge flattering gesture to me to just be in the room with these guys.” Blankenbuehler particularly treasures his conversations with Lynne, the original choreographer, who turned 90 earlier this year. “There are lyrics in the show, but there is a lot of music without words — a lot of ballet gestures,” he explains. “Gillian, with Trevor, obviously, did a great amount of work creating the storytelling. In many ways she wrote the book, as the choreographer of a danced-through piece does. So it was important for me to hear what she had to say and to understand why, for instance, she chose to make one section in unison and another with one person. Ultimately, the difference between Gillian and me is that she is balletically and lyrically based, so the pictures are long and sweeping,” Blankenbuehler continues. “I’m rhythmically based, and so my pictures are always about syncopation and shapes that crunch down, as opposed to shapes that expand up. I wanted to take her bible and meet it with my bible; I think in that we are going to be great partners.” In the 30-plus years since CATS opened, not only have audiences changed — we have shorter attention spans, are open to more stimulation, and frequently multitask — but the tools available to a choreographer are also more varied. Blankenbuehler notes that today’s young performers’ abilities have been broadened by dance competition TV shows like So You Think You Can Dance. “You have these dancers coming to us with tremendous skills that range from ballet to tap to [street-dance styles like] krumping and popping or [hip-hop’s] locking, to modern and contemporary dance.” “The creative team talked to me a lot about the musical not just being about cats, but about finding the common ground where the audience can see themselves in the cats,” Blankenbuehler continues. “So for me as a choreographer, it’s a great opportunity to further deepen the individual cats within the tribe. As Andrew’s musical styles change, I have them move in different ways. I am also making choreographic adjustments for Rum Tum Tugger, Mistoffelees, for the Macavity fight, and for our younger cats. One thing that’s going to be substantially different is the connective tissue between moments. The archetypal characters are the same but I want to make sure, as I have always done, that in the transitions, the storytelling continues in a very dynamic way.” The design elements of the Cats revival are pretty much the same as the original and, apart from a few cuts and some reshuffling of scenes, the show remains structurally the same. But the production has a new lighting designer in Natasha Katz. “The lighting is the doorway that the audience walks through, so with her changes and my staging changes, I think the show will unfold in a different way,” says Blankenbuehler. “The big gamble is to take something that feels familiar and make it unfold in a deeper and more colorful way.” Learn More About Cats Memories of Cats — Then. Now. Forever. See The New Mistoffelees So You Think You Can Dance Audition Mamie Parris on Her Powerhouse Performance as Grizabella in Cats Broadway Direct on Facebook Broadway Direct on Twitter Broadway Direct on YouTube Broadway Direct on Pinterest Broadway Direct on Instagram Find Shows Broadway Venues Brooks Atkinson Theatre Gershwin Theatre Lunt-Fontanne Theatre Marquis Theatre Nederlander Theatre Neil Simon Theatre Richard Rodgers Theatre Country*AfghanistanAlbaniaAlgeriaAmerican SamoaAndorraAngolaAntigua and BarbudaArgentinaArmeniaAustraliaAustriaAzerbaijanBahamasBahrainBangladeshBarbadosBelarusBelgiumBelizeBeninBermudaBhutanBoliviaBosnia and HerzegovinaBotswanaBrazilBruneiBulgariaBurkina FasoBurundiCambodiaCameroonCanadaCape VerdeCayman IslandsCentral African RepublicChadChileChinaColombiaComorosCongo, Democratic Republic of theCongo, Republic of theCosta RicaCôte d'IvoireCroatiaCubaCuraçaoCyprusCzech RepublicDenmarkDjiboutiDominicaDominican RepublicEast TimorEcuadorEgyptEl SalvadorEquatorial GuineaEritreaEstoniaEthiopiaFaroe IslandsFijiFinlandFranceFrench PolynesiaGabonGambiaGeorgiaGermanyGhanaGreeceGreenlandGrenadaGuamGuatemalaGuineaGuinea-BissauGuyanaHaitiHondurasHong KongHungaryIcelandIndiaIndonesiaIranIraqIrelandIsraelItalyJamaicaJapanJordanKazakhstanKenyaKiribatiNorth KoreaSouth KoreaKosovoKuwaitKyrgyzstanLaosLatviaLebanonLesothoLiberiaLibyaLiechtensteinLithuaniaLuxembourgMacedoniaMadagascarMalawiMalaysiaMaldivesMaliMaltaMarshall IslandsMauritaniaMauritiusMexicoMicronesiaMoldovaMonacoMongoliaMontenegroMoroccoMozambiqueMyanmarNamibiaNauruNepalNetherlandsNew ZealandNicaraguaNigerNigeriaNorthern Mariana IslandsNorwayOmanPakistanPalauPalestine, State ofPanamaPapua New GuineaParaguayPeruPhilippinesPolandPortugalPuerto RicoQatarRomaniaRussiaRwandaSaint Kitts and NevisSaint LuciaSaint Vincent and the GrenadinesSaint MartinSamoaSan MarinoSao Tome and PrincipeSaudi ArabiaSenegalSerbiaSeychellesSierra LeoneSingaporeSint MaartenSlovakiaSloveniaSolomon IslandsSomaliaSouth AfricaSpainSri LankaSudanSudan, SouthSurinameSwazilandSwedenSwitzerlandSyriaTaiwanTajikistanTanzaniaThailandTogoTongaTrinidad and TobagoTunisiaTurkeyTurkmenistanTuvaluUgandaUkraineUnited Arab EmiratesUnited KingdomUnited StatesUruguayUzbekistanVanuatuVatican CityVenezuelaVietnamVirgin Islands, BritishVirgin Islands, U.S.YemenZambiaZimbabwe I'd like to receive emails from Broadway Direct and I agree to the Privacy Policy. 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__label__cc	0.611113	0.388887	Posts Tagged ‘ newspapers ’ Unmasking Internet ads in disguise If there’s any governing mantra to the mishmash of advertising campaigns floating about the Internet these days it’s this — don’t make your ad look, sound or feel like an ad. Easier said than done. Consumers are highly attuned to commercial persuasion and are always developing new defense mechanisms against the bombardment of ads assaulting their senses every day. So marketers instead make commercials entertaining, or they sneak product placement into scripted movies/television shows, or perhaps they just package the whole message as if it’s legitimate news. This third tactic is perhaps the most effective, and disturbing. Many Americans, at least among older generations, were raised to trust that mainstream news sources are objective with regards to commercial interests and will only praise a product if it meets exacting standards. So when they see print ads made to look like newspaper articles or TV commercials made to look like news broadcasts, significant credibility is fraudulently conveyed. Maybe that’s the thinking behind the Federal Trade Commission’s newest regulations on bloggers touting a product. The guidelines stipulate that bloggers must disclose all ties to a company they write about, all the way down to any free samples they receive in order to review the item. Among certain demographics, blogs are now trusted sources of information. If a blogger is getting paid by a company in order to garner more favorable copy, the F.T.C. reasons, readers have a right to know. It’s a fair point, but one open to scrutiny for its double standard. Both bloggers and the Interactive Advertising Bureau have lashed out at the regulations only targeting blogs and not traditional media outlets. A blogger faces a possible $11,000 fine if he fails to disclose that a record label sent him a free CD that he reviewed. But if a music critic in a newspaper or magazine doesn’t make the same disclosure, there’s no punishment. And these critics get free goodies all the time. The regulations also open up a slippery slope of potential new restrictions. How are Tweets and Facebook postings, with severe constraints on content length, supposed to disclose biased reviews? And what about traditional media outlets that do glowing feature stories on a prominent advertiser? Why are they left off the hook for such highly deceptive behavior? It’s the F.T.C.’s job to ensure truth in advertising. Sharpening the line between independent content and paid advertising is an important part of that mission and worthy of some new regulations. The problem comes in singling out bloggers as the only ones engaging in the shady practice. There’s plenty of culprits to go around. In the end it will take a more savvy consumer and some more practical legal guidelines to unmask all these disguised ads. Would you like some video with that magazine? With circulation for print media outlets plummeting along with ad revenues, ideas abound on how to “save” the industry. Charge for content Go hyperlocal Cut staff Blog more Pretend you “get” Twitter Here’s the latest idea: replace ink with pixels. This week Entertainment Weekly is debuting a new chip that embeds video into the a page of the print edition. It’s an ad for CBS’ new fall lineup, with around 40 minutes of video clips on upcoming shows, kicked off with a comical intro from the stars of The Big Bang Theory. Right now the cost of the chip is keeping the ad only running in major markets, but the technology is widely available and could very well pop up in other magazines in the near future. The instant association (well, at least for Harry Potter fans) is the moving pictures of the fictional Daily Prophet, a seemingly magical version of the newspaper that also mirrors what the movie Minority Report envisioned as the future of “print” journalism. We’re not that far off from such a possibility, with innovations rapidly developing with e-ink that can transpose digital images onto screens that have the size and flexibility of paper. If you’re a fan of Esquire Magazine, you’re probably already familiar with this technology, as that publication used e-ink for the cover of its 75th anniversary issue last year. All these developments have a “wow” factor at first and attract immediate attention. But beyond the novelty, whether video in print succeeds depends in large part on how closely it will mirror the website experience. In the case of a video chip touting CBS’s shows, the end result is a low-quality version of something that can be just as easily accessed at a number of web sites. Why watch standard video in a magazine when we all have multiple options for high quality video at our fingertips. The e-ink developments have more long-term potential in that they provide multimedia content while maintaining the thin, foldable format that is the one advantage print media now has going for it over websites. Then again, as smart phones become more advanced and wi-fi networks ubiquitous, online multimedia is almost as portable as a rolled up magazine. We may have to change our entire definition of “print,” because there will soon be no reason to consume news and entertainment through old fashioned ink on paper. But if we can go digital with a material that’s just as easy to stuff into your carry-on bag, perhaps what we know as “print” can live on in the age of interactive media.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1014
__label__cc	0.567521	0.432479	ArborDale Campaign III The first adventure map I am, in many ways, still creating adventures the way I did back in the day when I was first playing AD&D. After we had run Keep on the Borderland and Isle of Dread into the ground (yes, I know they aren't AD&D adventures, but I had the BX sets with the AD&D books, so ...) and started creating adventures on my own, my notebooks were crammed with graph paper maps, drawings, lists of encounters and campaign notes. I never realized I was keeping my first campaign journals back then, but that's essentially what they were. My daughter recently texted me list of digital campaign management tools when she last saw my scattered ream of loose-leaf sheets that were stuffed into my trusty portfolio, to whit: But in my defense, I had just transported all of my ArborDale files into a nice three ring binder. Anywho, with that explanation you can perhaps appreciate my next two pics which show the initial notes for this first leg of the journey. Everyone's DMing style and adventure/campaign writing style is different; and I don't always use the style captured above, as I also have reams of type-written documents detailing other portions of the campaign and region around ArborDale. However, the time and space I have for campaign creation is often limited, and my handy-dandy yellow pad I carry everywhere often ends up being the go-to for notes and ideas when I have a few minutes to write them down. And with my DMing style, less is more as I improvise and create around a mental picture or idea in my head which the notes alone do not often capture. Sadly, this work is often not captured after the fact. And a set of one or two hand scrawled notes as pictured above do not capture the details and color of an actual session. This can make sharing such work difficult at best. Despite many efforts over the years I have not transformed my better adventures and campaigns from notes, to rough draft to final draft to finished draft, to edited copy to polished publication worthy material. That my friends is still a far off dream. With that being said allow me now to list the basic adventure outline up to the groups arrival at Broken Finger. I: Request from Friar Briar A. Fester as Guide B. Findalyn as Healer II: Cypress Ferry A. Fairy Offerings B. Nahongunonalolla C. Path to the Bauble III. The Lair of Nylyssa A. The Ward against Agilgrim IV. The Witch & the Wagon A. The Remedies B. The Dead C. TimeSlip V. Crossing the EverRun A. The giant beaver VI. Blood Donation: The Stirges VII. The Dark Watchman: Wolf Pack VIII. The Hunt: The Giant Boar IX. Cries in the Night: Water Baby X. Things that Crawl in the Dark: Giant Centipedes A. Lair of the first attempt B. A conspiracy is detected aka "Something's rotten in ArborDale" XI. The Blood Swamp XII. Approaching Broken Finger The actual unfolding of the encounters listed above were colorful and successful. But as you may already be able to tell, the notes themselves do not do justice to the actual play sessions. This I will detail next time as a complete narrative. I'll discuss why I think it was successful and begin to foreshadow why I thought the next section, much more thoroughly detailed was not nearly as well run as the first. As we progress through the campaign thus far I'll also explain why I decided to run an actual out of the box module from AD&D and why I was not wholly pleased with it either. Then I'll be prepared to give my overall impressions of why 5e isn't really an "old school" game in the classic sense, but why that's okay and what it might mean for other grognards like myself who are trying to live in the ebst of both worlds--something 5e itself tried to achieve. Lastly, I'll explain how all of this has changed my design trajectory and future plans for the campaign and my D&D play for now. ArborDale Campaign II Some time ago I mentioned the new 5e campaign I'm running, which was designed as sort of me foray into what might be called "old school" 5e. Another time I'll wax philosophical about why 5e really isn't a game to be played "old school", but for now I wanted to follow up on a request to post some of the initial encounters of the adventure, and my attempts to play the game with a "classical" element woven in. So I'll be publishing some of my homemade maps and notes to give you an idea of what I threw together as well as how play went through each phase of the campaign. First, you may or may not recall, I'm playing with my two older teenage daughter and son, my ten year old daughter and a family friend in his mid twenties. We play each Sunday afternoon for about a three to four hour session at the kitchen table. All players have played before except our family friend, who is now of course hooked for life on D&D, and gaming generally. The campaign started with a fifth player, teenage nephew, but he lives in California, so can only join us When he's visiting. The roster of characters were: Rogar, Dragonborn Ranger from the Western Outlands. Calie a female Tiefling Monk struggling to bring her chaotic urges under control Bones SkullSplitter, the Dwarven fighter Kiedis the half-org bard who made his way through life compensating for his looks and parentage by way of entertainment and storytelling And, Adrya the half elven Sorceress of Copper Dragon bloodline Arbor Dale Before we can get quite underway, we have to step back a bit and frame the campaign against its backdrop. In fact, an understanding of the realms round about is critical to the overarching direction of the campaign as a whole. And the immediate backdrop is the Kingdom of ArborDale. The Idyllic and romantic gem of the outer provinces is the small but legendary kingdom of ArborDale. The Legends say ArborDale was blessed by the goodwill of the Gods and tended by the Druids, like a garden of solace from the world. The actual city of ArborDale hosts legendary Castle ArborDale and is presided over by the beneficent Fawn King and his beautiful Queen Serienne. The most noteworthy natural feature in ArborDale is the vast and kingly Oakwood roughly divided into the Upper and Lower Oakwood separated by the wide blue EverRun River. The Amber Wood embraces the kingdom’s eastern borders, filled with the beautiful amber trees, their golden green leaves making the large wood glisten like a jewel of Amber. The Amberwood is said to be the home of the Golden Dragon Hedrimyr in legend, and is tended by his followers, the golden skin Dawn Elves though none of seen such a creature, let alone the legendary wyrm itself. To the south lie the cooler and wet lands of The Bogs. A vast swampy area, more like a sprawling shallow lake filled with ancient Cypress trees. These massive trees fill the northern portion of the area and the give the name Featherwood to that region, a token to the feathery like needles of those giant trees. Further south yet, the Feather Wood gives way to the WetWood, aptly named for its almost constant presence of dark green waters that carpet the forest floor. Drapery Moss hangs heavy throughout the forest here and though the sight is one of striking if strange beauty, weird and fell creatures are said to make their homes here. The Cat River and its thousand tributaries feed this huge area and is home to the legendary giant CatFish that some brave fisherman hunt for a living. In the heart of the Dale hidden within these forested regions as if by an arbor lies the city of ArborDale. More like a large town, ArborDale boasts almost 20,000 citizens if the surrounding farms and landholdings are included in the population count. Mostly forest folk, lumbermen, foresters, farmers, hunters, and fishermen the Dale is a rich and bountiful area. Though over 90% human some 2,000 or so demi-humans make their homes here as well. The majority are halflings that live in the rolling plains to the northeast of ArborDale along the HighRoad Shires. My first sketch of ArborDale, long before the Campaign came together Now, what the characters don't know alot about is the more ancient history of the times before ArborDale. Most of the citizens of the Kingdom of Arbor Dale doesn't know the long ago histories as anything more than fairy tale legends, more distant than the fanciful tales of Herimyr the Golden Dragon of the East, or the Silver-Maned Unicorn said to be protector of the great Western OakWood. The Kingdom of ArborDale is one of the western-most kingdoms of what are commonly called The Outlands. The Outland Kingdoms are what remains from the frontier of a great Empire that defined the height of human civilization long ago. The Empire long ago fell apart and several kingdoms arose in its stead. The Empire had established a peace and prosperity that had not existed previously in these once wild regions at the borders of civilization and so these lands now had enough stability and peace to arise and establish themselves in the wake of the waning Empire. The originally benign Emperor had established an extensive chivalric court, an extensive network of monasteries that in turn established a collegiate system for the education of the masses and generally raised the literacy and wealth of the common folk as well as allow for the development of a thriving middle class. A subsequent sketch roughing in the Outland Kingdoms Upon this structure and order rose the basis of many subsequent kingdoms, the focus on our campaign being the Outland Kingdoms and specifically ArborDale. Most of the above ancient history (circa 500 years before present) is remembered as the Golden Age, and the Empire as the Golden Empire or at times the Eastern Empire. It is thought to be a time of great political, philosophical, religious and magical wonders and advancement. Most of what is good, noble and worthy of trying to achieve again is, in the Outland Kingdoms, generally seen reflected in the long ago history of the Golden Age of Empire. It was a time seen when the Gods routinely talked to their priests and priestesses directly guiding the path of the world's history; a time when the ArchMages walked the earth, immortal, cosmically powerful and almost Gods themselves. The truth of the matter is lost to the knowledge of men, and the little sage historians know seems to tell a far stranger tale. But these tales live far in the past. As does the dim, dark memory of a sinister figure called The Skull King, Prophet of Death. History has done much to obscure the tale, but the Skull King is rumored to have been a rebel prince who broke from the Empire, pursuing dark magics to attempt to kill the Emporer and overthrow the Empire. His evil was seen to be so great and deep that he did not desire to simply take over the Empire, but abolish it utterly. The legends speak of a Champion of the Emperor, some say the Emperor himself, who faced and defeated the Necromancer, chasing him deep into the belly of the World and through it to other worlds and dimensions of Time. The myths, for they are seen as such by many, and some say the Skull King was a long ago fallen God of Evil conquered by the Golden Light of the Empire, and a metaphor for men to conquer the evil in themselves in order to bring about the Golden Age again. Just how these ancient tales fit into our day and the current Campaign of ArborDale remains a mystery to our characters and most within the current story-arch. As are lands beyond ArborDale, which I continue to detail, but do not pertain directly to the current campaign. The adventure map of ArborDale To keep these entries manageable, I'll detail the encounter areas and adventure hook along with initial NPCs next time. This first part of the adventure went quite well, something I can't say for the second leg.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1020
__label__cc	0.736936	0.263064	FTP exists primarily for the transfer of data between two end points. FTP differs from HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol, used for serving websites via web browsers) fundamentally as it is an application made up of two distinct TCP connections: Control connection: This TCP-based connection is used to provide a communications channel for the delivery of commands and replies. This is effectively the mechanism that enables the user to tell the server which file is being requested, which directory it is in, and so forth. Data connection: The second TCP-based connection is used for the actual transfer of user data. Once the Control connection has been used to exchange information on which file is required, the Data connection is used to transfer the file between the client and server. Using these two communication connections, two distinct modes of operation determine in which direction the connections are established: Active mode and Passive mode. FTP is a TCP based service exclusively. There is no UDP (User Datagram Protocol transports data as a connectionless protocol, using packet switching) component to FTP. FTP is an unusual service in that it utilizes two ports, a Data port and a Command port (also known as the Control port). Traditionally these are port 21 for the Command (Control) port and port 20 for the Data port. The confusion begins however, when we find that depending on the mode, the data port is not always on port 20. In active mode FTP, the FTP client software connects from a random unprivileged (unprivileged port is a port which is higher than 1023) port. Let's say N is the FTP server's command port, port 21. Then, the client starts listening to port N+1 and sends the FTP command PORT N+1 to the FTP server. The server will then connect back to the client's specified data port from its local data port, which is port 20. Here in this mode of FTP, BitNet Servers doesn't need to open any additional non-secure ports on our servers firewall and hence is secure from the server-side. In passive mode FTP, the FTP client initiates both connections to the server. When opening an FTP connection, the client opens two random unprivileged ports, lets say N and N+1. The first port contacts the server on port 21, but instead of then issuing a PORT command and allowing the server to connect back to its data port, the client will issue the PASV command. The result of this is that the server then opens a random unprivileged port lets say P and sends the PORTcommand back to the client. The client then initiates the connection from port N+1 to port P on the server to transfer data. This method of FTP is insecure, as a random unprivileged port is opened on the Server. This is a potential security issue and it isn't advisable to use the Passive mode of FTP. All BitNet Servers Windows and Linux web servers support both Active as well as Passive modes. All popular FTP software allow users to select the data connection mode (Active or Passive), when uploading/downloading data to a web server. Setting data connection mode in: CoreFTP WS_FTP	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1022
__label__cc	0.736042	0.263958	Ohio lawmakers send concealed carry reform legislation to Kasich The Ohio Legislature has passed concealed carry reform legislation that expands the ability of legally-armed citizens to carry in more places. (Dave Workman) Ohio lawmakers have sent legislation to Gov. John Kasich that would expand concealed carry to include college campuses, day care centers and other venues. Anti-gunners are already arguing that guns on campus aren’t necessary, and they are using the recent car-and-knife attack at Ohio State University to support their argument, according to the Cincinnati Enquirer. Slasher Abdul Razak Ali Artan was fatally shot by campus police officer Alan Horujko, who was nearby when the would-be killer attacked. The newspaper reported Friday that, “Opponents of the bill argue Horujko’s quick response proves students don’t need concealed guns. Additional firearms would have only complicated the scene, they say.” But what if Horujko hadn’t been within walking distance, and immediately responded? The newspaper noted, “Lawmakers initially banned concealed guns in these locations to protect children and students from gun violence, they say, so why permit guns in those locations now?” Perhaps as a response to “knife violence?” Kasich, who was a candidate for the Republican presidential nomination, might have a chance to bolster his pro-rights bona fides by signing the measure. Standing in opposition are the Ohio Association of Police and the Ohio Prosecuting Attorneys Association, Fox News reported. However, the legislation is supported by the Buckeye State Sheriff’s Association. According to the Columbus Dispatch, the legislation only allows campus concealed carry by permit holders if the college board of trustees okays it. The same applies to day care centers, with approval by the operators. “The House also removed a provision making concealed-carry permit holders a protected class under employment discrimination if they choose to keep guns locked in their vehicles on company property,” The Dispatch noted. “Business groups said that violated property rights and opened up a slew of liability issues. “However,” the newspaper continued, “the House added language that no longer allows an employer to ban a permit holder from storing a gun in his vehicle while in a company parking lot. The Ohio Chamber of Commerce said it still opposes that provision. The bill also allows active military personnel with weapons training to carry a concealed handgun without a permit.” Arizona could hit 300K CCW Permits as Cal. group wants secession California anti-gunners lose one, settle one Authorities say Ohio attacker was ‘self-radicalized’ Previous articleTrump wants to ‘prime the pump’ with infrastructure stimulus Next articleTrump will ‘work something out’ on DREAM Act	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1027
__label__cc	0.619419	0.380581	Tag linked content coalition Smart legislation would be great, lets get rid of the dumb laws too Nov 25, 11 3:24 PM We might, as Neelie Kroes suggests, be losing the battle to enforce copyright. The hearts and minds of many users might already be lost to the more tempting promise of limitless supply in a copyright-free world. But what role has the law played in creating this situation and what could politicians do to fix it? The e-commerce directive and DMCA need to be back in the spotlight, and the dreadful, if unintended, consequences of those hasty laws need to be recognised and reversed. Neelie Kroes has made an interesting speech, much of which it’s hard to disagree with. Her theme is “who feeds the artist” and it refocuses the discussion about copyright on its core objective: to ensure that creators get paid. She states the following objectives for copyright: Legally, we want a well-understood and enforceable framework. Morally, we want dignity, recognition and a stimulating environment for creators. Economically, we want financial reward so that artists can benefit from their hard work and be incentivised to create more. And she says she’s an “unconditional supporter” of these objectives. Which is good news. I agree. She comes out as a strong supporter of a better licensing infrastructure, making it easier to legally acquire the rights needed to use content legally. I agree with this too. It’s more or less the same line of thinking I have been promoting since the idea of ACAP was a twinkle in my eye, and it’s strongly supportive of the approach which the Linked Content Coalition is now developing actively. Smart legislation She says that “smart legislation” can play a role in bringing about her vision of a better future for creators. Three cheers for that, I say, because the bleak choice to litigate endlessly and expensively is not appealing to anybody least of all the beleagured creators. I also hope that along with introducing “smart legislation” she also gives consideration to abolishing, or at least modifying, some dumb legislation of the past. Kroes says: legal enforceability is becoming increasingly difficult; the millions of dollars invested trying to enforce copyright have not stemmed piracy This is true, and this is a problem which has been in no small measure caused and exacerbated by the law. Specifically one law. Dumb legislation The European e-commerce directive (along with its counterpart the Digital Millennium Copyright Act in the USA) has created the giant loophole through which the coach-and-horses of businesses contemptuous of copyright can be driven. This directive created the “safe harbour” (to use the american term) which makes internet companies effectively immune from liability (or damages) for the infringements of their users. In so doing, it went beyond protecting vulnerable new players from the possible consequences of old law applied to the new world. It also created a huge opportunity for anyone to build a business which can make vast sums of money exploiting content – as long as they don’t do anything to monitor or proactively act on infringements. Ignorance is not just a defence, it’s a necessity As far as copyright is concerned, their obligation is to do no more than wait for complaints and then act on them. In fact if they do do more than this they actually increase their liability – ignorance of the infringement is their defence. So the law actually rewards a lack of governance and punishes responsible behaviour. Ignorance, in this case, is not just a defence but an obligation. Their users aren’t similarly immune, of course. They are expected by the law to take full responsibility for their actions. On the face of it this seems fair; there’s still someone who has liability, it’s just not the internet company who merely provided a facility which a naughty user abused. ISPs are immune, users are unreachable However, while the liability may pass to their users, the internet companies don’t actually have to know who their users are to benefit from the immunity the law gives them. Nor are they obliged to hand over whatever details they do have about their users, and most of them will refuse to do so without a court order (after which it may turn out they have little or nothing to give – the one time I pursued this all I got at the end of it was an IP address belonging to a university). So the copyright owners have to police the entire internet, all the time, in respect of every piece of their content, in order to get infringing copies removed. In reality taking further action against users is expensive, unlikely to result in any meaningful recompence and often impossible even if they are prepared to go to court twice (once to obtain the user details and then again to actually take action against them). And internet companies, freed from the irksome responsibility of even basic governance, are able to build huge businesses with very little cost or risk. So, unsurprisingly, some of the biggest businesses on the internet depend on this for their viability and enormous profits. Legislate in haste, unintended consequences guaranteed One way of thinking about this law, and the DMCA, is that they codified the status quo on the internet at quite an early stage. The internet had largely grown up from a utopian vision of a world free from many of the constraints of the regulated world outside. This utopian vision used to extend well beyond copyright. I remember when people thought that they were truly anonymous on the internet, that they couldn’t be traced or monitored as long as they used a pseudonym. When people thought that national laws would be unenforceable and that traditional law would never reach the internet. It was truly a utopian vision, from the perspective of those who built it starting with a blank sheet. The hope of many of them was that commercialism and old legal frameworks would never rule the day because in the intangible, borderless new world of cyberspace individuals held the power. But gradually the real world has chipped away at that vision. Some of it is still there, but just like the real world we have seen the full mix of human nature move online. And as it has the internet has changed. Criminal activity has had to be curbed. Regulation and law enforcement have become an ever growing reality. Surveillance and intrusion has become a fact of life too, with complex steps needed for those who want to try to evade it. Security has improved, peoples willingness to trade online has improved too, and the ingenuity of criminals has raced ahead. An endless cat-and-mouse game. It was ever thus. Almost no aspect of the internet is recognisable from those utopian early days from the way in which web pages work to the protocols which underpin the most basic functionality Copyright has been excluded from the evolution of the internet However, strangely, the internet is no better at dealing with copyright than it ever was. Despite the ability of the internet to simplify immensely complex things – from finding a website to dealing with your banking – copyright remains as old-fashioned and clunky as ever and the internet’s ability to deal with it remains entirely undeveloped. Buying a licence – or even knowing who to buy one from – is, as Kroes points out, is absurdly complex and expensive. As far as copyright is concerned, the internet remains much as it was when Tim Berners-Lee had the first twinkle of a web page in his eye. Which is unfortunate because at that stage the internet without any effective mechanisms for managing copyright at all. But why was copyright left behind as the internet raced ahead? What held it in that simplistic, stunted state of evolution? Well, in part it suits those who have the greatest influence over the way the internet works, so they have (at best) avoided putting any resource into the issue and (at worst) done everything they can to prevent other initiatives from gaining ground. Whether for ideological or commercial reasons (and one very often masquerades as the other) they have no desire for change and can kill any attempts by pronouncing that they would “break the internet”. But they have been aided and abetted, and latterly incentivised, by laws made in haste for simplistic reasons and which have held the internet suspended in an embryonic form, destined like Peter Pan never to grow up, for the last decade or more. Poor copyright functionality is complimentary to the new mega-businesses What it has given rise to is a small cadre of mega-businesses, who monopolise the content-related revenues of the internet and prevent development of new business models. It has impoverished content businesses and destroyed, in many instances, the rationale for investment in creativity. These mega-businesses, made bullet-proof by the law, have also created a world in which copyright has become demonised and where the less you invest in content the more you make. Kroes is right to point out in her speech the shame that creators make so little from their creations but she is ducking a big issue if she fails to address the real cause of the problem. It’s true that enforcement is a losing game but hardly surprising given the protection that the law has given to infringement. Imagine if the law made dealing in guns and ammunition legal and unrestricted, and only criminalised use of guns. Would we have more or less gun crime? Imagine if we abolished speed limits and allowed drivers to decide for themselves how fast to go. Would we have more or fewer road deaths? Imagine if the job of setting duties on fuel were put in the hands of car manufacturers. Would we see cheaper or more expensive petrol prices? Letting people write the law to favour their own interests is likely to result in laws which minimise their obligations and and maximise their opportunities regardless of the impact on anyone else. That’s why, in democracies, they’re not allowed to do it. The role of politicians is to prevent this happening and ensure that the law strikes a fair balance. With what were doubtless impeccable intentions at the time to protect vulnerable underdogs in the new digital world, the safe harbour provisions of the E-commerce directive and the DMCA have failed the test of time and has proved themselves to be a disaster. ‘ Failed laws should be changed, even if it upsets the status quo It’s no surprise that these invulnerable internet businesses lobby strongly for the laws which protect them from normal vagaries and costs of business governance, and even for further relaxation to make life even easier for them. Their absurdly self-interested and disingenuous arguments have been given so much exposure, courtesy of their enormous consumer reach and the lobbyists they fund, that they have begun to feel to some as if they are givens, natural truths. We are in danger of getting the world they have wished for. Nor is it any surprise that their users, who are also the beneficiaries of the impunity to infringe that has been created, dislike copyright and resist attempts to enforce it. Someone threatening to take away the cheap and seemingly limitless fuel that they have grown so used to putting in their cheap and gas-guzzling cars, and they want to keep it. While it’s great to hear politicians talk about using “smart legislation” to improve things for creators in the future, they shouldn’t consider the recent past as anything other than a salutary lesson. As well as creating better new legislation they need to get rid of the disastrous old legislation which has destroyed much of the opportunities the internet should offer creators. While I share Neelie Kroes’s frustration about enforcement, I find it equally frustrating to see politicians talking about this as if it’s nothing to do with them. Of course we need to move on, and the first thing we need to do is remove the legal incentives to build massive businesses on copyright infringement.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1036
__label__cc	0.617166	0.382834	Tag: alabama Take the Points: Week 2 College Football Betting Preview on September 7, 2018 September 7, 2018 By Josh Parcell (Image courtesy: USA Today Sports) I think it’s an official NCAA rule now that every college football team needs a hashtag. Some of them are motivational, like Alabama’s #OutworkYesterday. Others are just embarrassing, like Florida State’s #DoSomething. Is that not the least original slogan in history? I have to imagine Willie Taggart signed off on [...] Sunday Morning QB: Who’s pressing the Panic Button after Week 1? Well, that happened. Week 1 of college football is almost in the books. We still have LSU-Miami, Virginia Tech-Florida State, and thanks to a weather delay, Breakfast with the Zips at 10:30 AM Sunday when Akron and Nebraska will finally play. That was one of the least memorable opening weekends in years. I usually have [...] on August 31, 2018 August 31, 2018 By Josh Parcell (Image courtesy: Detroit Free-Press) We are so, so, so back baby. We’ve waited nine long months for a full weekend of college football, and now we’re so close I can taste it. Give me all of the Middle Tennessee-Vandy, and the SMU-North Texas, and the ODU-Liberty. I don’t care who’s on my screen as long [...] Hypocrites, double-standards, and backstabbers: Unpacking the soap opera at Tennessee on December 1, 2017 December 1, 2017 By Josh Parcell Hey guys, it's Josh. Remember me? I'm the guy who used to write about college football all the time. It's been a few weeks, but I'm back. Sorry about that. There was such an uproar over my absence that college football fans literally protested in the streets of Knoxville. I mean, they weren't protesting about me, [...] Here are the 10 best CFB Playoff resumes after Week 11 on November 13, 2017 November 13, 2017 By Josh Parcell We're three weeks away from finding out which four teams are going to play in the College Football Playoff, and I can't remember a year where I had less idea who those four teams are going to actually be. There are only eight or nine teams left with an even remotely plausible path to football's [...] Here are the 10 best CFB Playoff Resumes right now on November 6, 2017 November 6, 2017 By Josh Parcell The Playoff Committee is going to release its second set of rankings on Tuesday night. Expect a lot of shake-ups after all of the chaos from Week 10 that saw several championship contenders upended, and a couple new contenders emerge. A few weeks ago, I came up with a new way to rank the best [...] Here are the College Football Playoff Committee’s Worst Nightmares on November 3, 2017 November 3, 2017 By Josh Parcell 1 Comment The Playoff Committee finally released its first rankings of the season on Tuesday and in a surprising twist, there was virtually no controversy! Georgia over Alabama? Not too crazy! (And also irrelevant since they’d ultimately meet in the SEC Championship anyway). Oklahoma over Ohio State? A no-brainer given the Sooners win in Columbus. Undefeated Wisconsin [...] Proudly powered by WordPress \| Theme: Ovation by AudioTheme.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1039
__label__cc	0.74749	0.25251	Why the Periphery Is Crumbling: The Spoils System ... Ukraine: A Deep State Analysis Clearing Billions in Profit Is About to Get Much H... Eating Our Seed Corn: How Much of our "Growth" Is ... The Dollar and the Deep State From My Garden to My Table in 20 Minutes Why Banks Are Doomed: Technology and Risk Banks Are Obsolete: The Entire Parasitic Sector Ca... How to Make a Million: Extortion Creates its own A... Higher Education: America's Problem That Isn't Bei... The Devil's 2014 Missive to His Minions We Can Be Certain of This Certainty, Complex Systems, and Unintended Consequ... Greed + Cartels = U.S. Sickcare/ObamaCare Doomed If We Do, Doomed If We Don't Our Middleman-Skimming Economy America's Make-Work Sectors (Healthcare and Higher... The New Super-Food: Pizza When Conventional Success Is No Longer Possible, D... The Mafia State of Mind The Federal Reserve's Nuclear Option: A One-Way St... It Doesn't Have to Be This Way Our Two Most Onerous Taxes: College Tuition and He... The "Impossible" But Inevitable Solution: Decentra... Our Two Most Onerous Taxes: College Tuition and Healthcare Insurance It is not coincidence that these two unofficial taxes--healthcare and college tuition--are soaring in cost, outpacing all other household expenses. I have long argued that to make an apples-to-apples comparison of real tax rates in the U.S. and other equivalently developed advanced democracies, we have to include two enormous expenses that are funded by the central state in countries such as Denmark and France: healthcare and college tuition/fees. In The Real-World Middle Class Tax Rate: 75% (July 5, 2012), I estimated that healthcare insurance (if paid out of gross income, as we self-employed workers do) in the U.S. is roughly equivalent to a 15% tax. Now that the Orwellian-named Affordable Care Act (ACA) is raising costs and deductibles, the true cost of healthcare (a.k.a. sickcare, because being chronically sick is so darned profitable for the cartels) is more like 20% in America. Correspondent Tim L. (whose daughter is attending a prestigious STEM--science, technology, engineering, math--university) recently called $40-$50,000 per year college tuition what it really is: a tax: College tuition is just another tax. If you can afford to pay it, you have to. If you cannot, you do not. Anytime you have to pay more for something because you can, you are paying a tax. Between traditional taxes, the college tuition tax, and the health insurance tax (also paid only by those who can afford to), I figure this year and the next three I'm in a 100+% tax bracket. Middle-class Scandinavians famously pay around 65% to 75% of their gross incomes in taxes, but these taxes fund national healthcare for all and nearly free college tuition and fees. Add $200,000 (four years of tuition/fees at $50,000/year) in tax to the already-high U.S. real tax rate, and the real tax rate for middle-class households exceeds 100% of gross income. Since only those with significant savings can possibly afford to pay a $200,000 tuition tax, the average-income household is left with one choice: the debt-serfdom of student loans. This is the acme of a morally bankrupt system of higher education: you need a college degree to have any hope of succeeding in America, but the only way to get that degree is to enter debt servitude, with no guarantees of future income needed to pay off the debt. It is not coincidence that these two unofficial taxes--healthcare and college tuition--are soaring in cost, outpacing all other household expenses. The only other household item that is skyrocketing is debt: The two unofficial taxes--paid by debt, either student loans, or Federal deficits-- have no restraints: if you can't pay, then the upper-middle class taxpayers who are paying most of the Federal tax will, one way or another: Meanwhile, guess what's been flat to down for the past 40 years--yup, the earned income of the bottom 90%: With an unofficial tax rate for healthcare and college tuition that makes Scandinavian countries look like low-tax havens, no wonder the middle class in America is vanishing like mist in Death Valley. The political class is now bleating about the erosion of the middle class and rising wealth inequality. There are two primary sources of rising inequality in America: the Federal Reserve and the higher-education and healthcare cartels that so generously fund the campaigns of the bleating politicos. Want to Reduce Income/Wealth Inequality? Abolish the Engine of Inequality, the Federal Reserve (January 28, 2014) Healthcare "Reform": the State and Plutocracy Stripmine the Middle Class (Again)(November 9, 2009) Higher education needn't be a bloated, ineffective, obsolete, morally bankrupt cartel: we could have a Nearly Free University system that is available to all. Read the Introduction/Table of Contents Thank you, Arooj S. ($200), for your outrageously generous contribution to this site -- I am greatly honored by your support and readership. Thank you, Paul N. ($25), for your superbly generous contribution to this site -- I am greatly honored by your support and readership.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1043
__label__cc	0.70003	0.29997	Why are alcohols with longer chains less polar? In my self-study, I recently came across the following question: "Choose the solute of each pair that would be more soluble in hexane ($\ce{C6H14}$). Explain your answer. (a) $\ce{CH3(CH2)10OH}$ or $\ce{CH3(CH2)2OH}$ ..." Undecanol is more soluble in hexane because it is apparently less polar than propanol. Further Internet searches revealed that alcohols decrease in polarity as the chain length increases (assuming a basis in an alkane; don't know if this rule generalizes which I guess is a sub-question) but it is still not clear why. None of the sources I found explained this. The way I imagine things, the carbon-hydrogen bonds should add a bunch of zero vectors to the the O–H vector that both molecules share, giving the same polarity in both cases. But this is apparently wrong. So why is undecanol less polar than propanol then? Does it have something to do with a more advanced bonding theory? solvents polarity F'x readyready15728readyready15728 If you're looking at the overall polarity of the solvent, you're not only consider the value of the individual dipole moment on a single molecule, but also their “density”, i.e. the number of these dipoles per unit of volume. You are right that the dipole moment of an individual linear-chain alcohol will, in first approximation, be independent of the chain length. However, in a given volume, you'll fit fewer of those long molecules, and the polarity of the overall solvent is thus lower. F'xF'x In the context of a single molecule, the distance between the poles is inversely proportional to the polarity. The farther apart they are, the less polar the molecule is if they have the same electronegative potentials. This Link explains it well. EhrykEhryk Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged solvents polarity or ask your own question. Polarity of alcohols and their miscibility in water	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1045
__label__cc	0.672254	0.327746	Education gap between aboriginal, non-aboriginal students unacceptable, says Alberta premier Premier Rachel Notley met Friday with Treaty 7 chiefs in Calgary to discuss ways the province could foster economic opportunities and improve education outcomes for Alberta’s First Nations communities. Trevor Howell, Calgary Herald Premier Rachel Notley and Grand Chief Charles Weaselhead talk to media following a meeting at the McDougall Centre in Calgary on Friday, Oct. 15, 2015. Gavin Young / Calgary Herald Notley said the meeting at Calgary’s McDougall Centre was to renew and refocus the provincial government’s relationship with First Nations. “We talked about moving forward on a protocol agreement that could lay out a framework for more productive discussions and conversations that can hopefully lead to some genuine change … in the quality of life of so many First Nations people who are in Alberta.” The NDP campaigned last election to build the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples into provincial law and repeal the Aboriginal Consultation Levy Act, which collects fees from companies that plan to develop on Crown land. Charles Weaselhead, chief of the Blood Tribe and Treaty 7 grand chief, welcomed the opportunity to sit down with the premier to set a new course between the two levels of government. “There are some challenges we expect along the way,” Weaselhead told reporters. “What’s important right now is that there is a willingness … to work together so that we can begin to bring a little higher quality of life to our First Nations people in the respective Treaty 6, 7 and 8 areas.” Earlier this week, Weaselhead said education for First Nations, which is a federal responsibility, remains a major issue. The province estimates that funding for education on First Nations is, per child, around 80 per cent of the level off-reserve. Alberta has struggled to close the education achievement gap, such as high school graduation rates, between aboriginal and non-aboriginal students. Only 43.6 per cent of Alberta First Nations, Metis and Inuit students graduate high school in three years. The dropout rate hovers around 7.8 per cent. Provincial targets for high school completion by First Nations, Metis and Inuit students is set at 51 per cent for the 2015-16 school year, rising to 53 per cent by 2019-20. Notley said the province would work collaboratively with chiefs and the federal government to improve education outcomes. “We cannot carry on with this disparity between First Nations people and everyone else who is off reserve,” she said. “We need to listen to the chiefs about what we can do,” Notley added. “I’m looking forward to considering the proposals that they bring forward.” thowell@calgaryherald.com Police issue arrest warrant in death of Calgary mom 'People should come forward, because they took my brother's life': Stabbing... City of Calgary development notices Public Notice Provided byCity of Calgary Public Notice – Development Permits for the week of [July 18, 2019] Public Notice – Development Permits for the week of [July 11th, 2019] Public Notice – Development Permits for the week of [July 4th, 2019]	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1049
__label__wiki	0.557325	0.557325	Home > California > san diego > wreck alley > ruby e Cardif State Beach Casa Cove, Children's Pool »Coronado Islands Goldfish Point Hospital Point Missile Tower New Hope Rock »Point Loma Kelp Beds S37 Submarine Scripps Canyon Scripps Pier Summer Canyon Swamis Windansea »Wreck Alley Ingraham Street Bridge NOSC Tower Before transformed into one of the best diving sites near San Diego, the Ruby E was a coast guard cutter, rum runner and fishing vessel. Name Dive Site: Ruby E Depth: 65-91ft (20-28m) Inserted/Added by: ken, © Author: Channel Islands Dive Rated 5.0, 1 votes GPS: N32°46'02", W117°16'36" The Ruby E began her life as the Coast Guard Cutter named Cyane (WPC-105) and was built in 1934 in Seattle Washington. She was 165' long and designed to intercept "rum runners" during prohibition years. She was built to travel fast to reach and pursue the rum runners that were operating along the entire West Coast. The only problem with this was, she was completed after prohibition ended and was now not needed for her original purpose so the Coast Guard found a new purpose for her off the Alaskan coast where she served for 16 years, until she was decommissioned in 1950. Her career included Bering Sea and Alaskan Anti-Submarine Patrols during WWII. In 1954, she was sold, renamed the Can Am and converted into a fish-processing vessel with several modifications and afterwards she was sent to fish the waters off Central and South America. Sometime afterwards she was reportedly impounded by customs officers in South America for drug smuggling. Sold again, the Can Am was renamed the Ruby E and outfitted as a salvage vessel. She was seized as bank repossession because the owners could not repay their bank loans and she sat in San Diego harbor until purchased by the San Diego Tug and Barge Company. After being scrapped the Ruby E was donated to be sunk in wreck alley as a dive attraction and artificial reef off Mission Bay. After being environmentally cleaned and made accessible to divers by cutting holes in various parts of the ship she was ready to take her place on the ocean floor in Wreck Alley. The morning of July 18, 1989 she was towed to a planned location off Mission Beach and anchored. The sea cocks were opened and it was hoped she would fill up with water and sink. The spectators watching the sinking waited and watched. By noon, the ship was still afloat with only a slight starboard list. Unknown to planners, two secret compartments were hidden in the bulkheads fore and aft of the engine room. These sealed compartments were used to hide drugs during its smuggling days and now prevented her from sinking. Local lifeguards brought several large pumps on board to speed up the flooding. It took awhile and finally, at 3:30 PM the lifeguards were forced to abandon the Ruby E as she began to sink. With her stern leading the plunge, she rolled briefly onto her starboard side as seawater approached her amidships. Suddenly, her bow and forward compartment shot straight up into the sky, before slowly sinking to the bottom where she has become an excellent addition to Wreck Alley. Diving the Ruby E can be awesome on those perfect days when the visibility is at its best. For the most part she sits upright in 85' of water on a sand bottom. She is intact and with her being made diver friendly she is easy to dive. For the experienced and certified wreck divers there are areas that can be penetrated. Visibility can be 10'-70' and on average is 15'-20'. Water temperature is usually 50's to 60's depending on the time of year. Most of the wreck is covered with growth, such as strawberry anemones and a small kelp bed on top of the wheelhouse. More about California wreck diving, please visit the California Wreck Divers (CWD) website along with another excellent resource, the book Shipwrecks of Southern California by Bonnie J. Cardone and Patrick Smith. GreeceCubaHondurasCroatiaSolomon IslandsFloridaBahamasMyanmarFrench PolynesiaMozambiqueUnited Arab EmiratesItalyKenyaAustraliaPapua New GuineaPhilippinesGreat LakesUnited KingdomQatarCayman IslandsThailandTurks & CaicosEgyptBVIBelizeMicronesiaSouth AfricaMaltaIndonesiaHawaiiOmanCanadaCuracaoUSVICaliforniaAzoresFijiVietnamCanary IslandsNetherlandsSudanIrelandMaldivesMadeiraMalaysiaDominicaMexicoCyprusNew ZealandBonaire	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1050
__label__wiki	0.770131	0.770131	Overview of Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 Mackey McCandlish IW 4.0[1] November 10, 2009 (worldwide) Single-player, Multiplayer, Special Ops ESRB: Mature 17+ CERO: D ACB: R18+ PC, Xbox 360, Xbox One (backwards compatible), Playstation 3, Mac OS X 10.9.5 Or Higher DVD-ROM, Blu-Ray Disc, Digital Download OS: Windows XP/Vista or higher Processor: AMD 64 3200+ or Intel Pentium 4 3.0 Ghz or better Memory: 16 GB free hard drive space/ 512 MB RAM (XP) / 1 GB RAM (VISTA) Video Card: Shader 3.0 or better 256 nVidia GeForce 6600GT / ATI Radeon 1600XT or better Gamepad, keyboard and mouse "The most anticipated game of the year — Modern Warfare 2." — Adam Sessler, former co-host of X-Play. Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 is the sixth main Call of Duty game, and the fourth developed by Infinity Ward. The game was published by Activision for the PC, PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360. Officially announced on February 11, 2009, the game was released worldwide on November 10, 2009. It is the direct sequel to Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, continuing along the same storyline and gameplay. It was released in conjunction with two other Call of Duty games: Call of Duty: Modern Warfare: Mobilized for the Nintendo DS, and Call of Duty: Modern Warfare: Reflex, a port of Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare for the Wii console. In addition, a comic book series based on one of the game's characters was also produced, entitled Modern Warfare 2: Ghost. The direct sequel to the game, Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3, was released on November 8, 2011. Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 has received highly positive reviews from various gaming websites, attaining a 94% aggregate score on Metacritic, with praise stemming primarily from its in-depth multiplayer component. On January 13, 2010, Activision reported that Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 had crossed $1 billion in retail sales.[2] On August 28, 2018, the Xbox 360 version of Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 was made backwards compatible on the Xbox One. Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 continues five years after the events of Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare. Plot overview Edit "This is for the record." — Captain Price The year is 2016, and despite the efforts of the United States Marine Corps and the Special Air Service, the Ultranationalists seize control of Russia and declare Imran Zakhaev a hero and martyr, erecting a statue of him in the heart of the Red Square. Meanwhile, Vladimir Makarov, one of Zakhaev's former lieutenants, begins a campaign against Europe by committing brutal acts of terrorism over the course of five years. In Afghanistan, U.S. Army Ranger PFC Joseph Allen assists his commanding officer Sgt. Foley in training the local soldiers until he is called to run a training course overseen by Lieutenant General Shepherd, who is recruiting one of the Rangers for a special operation. After completing the course, Allen and the rest of the 75th Ranger Regiment assists in the taking of a city from local OpFor soldiers. Impressed by Allen's abilities, General Shepherd recruits him into "Task Force 141", an elite, multi-national counter-terrorist unit under Shepherd's command. Meanwhile, two other members of 141, Cpt. 'Soap' MacTavish and Sgt. Gary 'Roach' Sanderson infiltrate a Russian airbase in the Tian Shan mountains to retrieve an ACS (Attack Characterization System) module from a downed satellite. During their infiltration, Soap orders Roach to plant explosives to cover their escape, but is compromised while retrieving the ACS. While they are pursued by enemy forces, both men manage to escape with the module. Call of Duty Modern Warfare 2 - Intro Introduction to the game Allen is later sent on an undercover mission in Russia for the CIA, joining Makarov disguised as terrorist Alexi Borodin in a massacre of civilians at the Zakhaev International Airport in Moscow. While they manage to evade capture by Russian forces, Makarov, aware of Allen's identity, kills him during extraction, leaving his body to spark a war between Russia and the United States of America. Angered by what was believed to be an American-supported terrorist attack, Russia retaliates with a massive surprise invasion on the United States after bypassing its early warning system, revealing that the ACS module MacTavish and Sanderson recovered had already been compromised before its retrieval. 75th Ranger Regiment Sergeant Foley leads his squad, including Cpl. Dunn and Allen's replacement Pvt. James Ramirez, in defense of a suburb in north-eastern Virginia against the enemy Russian paratroopers. During their assault in a Russian occupied suburban neigborhood, Shepard contacts Foley and orders his squad to extract an HVI, claiming that he has intel vital to the war effort. Upon arriving at the HVI's safe house, Sgt. Foley and his squad discover the safe house breached and HVI murdered along with several deceased soldiers bearing odd tattoos. Foley takes notice that the safe room was not forcefully breached as Dunn checks bodies for intel. They later proceed towards a war-torn Washington, D.C., where U.S. forces are fighting the Russians for control of the capital city. Sgt. Foley and his squad proceed to the Russian occupied Capitol building where they are tasked with destroying emplaced AA guns that prevent the Army from evacuating civilians. They later provide air support for U.S. forces onboard a helicopter but are soon shot out of the sky. The squad, running low on ammunition, make a last stand against the Russian Army before a sudden flash halts the their attack. Meanwhile, Task Force 141 searches for evidence that implicates Makarov as the mastermind behind the airport massacre, as all proof of Makarov's involvement died with Allen. Intelligence leads them to a Favela in Rio de Janeiro, where the team investigates leads on Makarov's contact, weapons dealer Alejandro Rojas. They find out from Rojas that Makarov's worst enemy, known as Prisoner #627, is locked up in a Russian gulag in Petropavlosk. On the orders of Shepherd, the Task Force are sent to infiltrate an oil platform off the coast of Russia in order to rescue several hostages before assaulting the gulag. The Task Force assaults the prison and manages to free 627, who is revealed to be Captain John Price, who was previously captured during Operation Kingfish. Price agrees to aid Soap and Shepherd in tracking down Makarov, with Soap handing the command of the Unit over to Price. While Shepherd believes that they must continue their hunt for Makarov, Price decides that ending the war in America is their first priority. To end it, he temporarily goes rogue, and leads the 141 on a raid of a Russian port, where they gain control of a nuclear submarine. Price uses the submarine to launch a ballistic missile towards Washington D.C. He sets the warhead to detonate in the upper atmosphere, unintentionally destroying the International Space Station and creating an electromagnetic pulse, crippling vehicles and electronic equipment on both sides and giving the Americans a slight advantage. Back in the United States, Ramirez and his fellow squad mates seek shelter from the disabled aircraft that are now literally falling from the sky, and proceed to the White House after running into Pvt. Vaughn, who tells the squad that Colonel Marshall is assembling whatever forces he can to retake the White House, which is now a stronghold for the Russian Army. After finally meeting Col. Marshall, he orders the squad that taking the White House is their top priority, but they later receive a transmission informing them that the Air Force is preparing to carpet bomb the entire city to deny the Russians a strong foothold. Foley's squad fight their way to the White House and set off flares in the nick of time, aborting the air strike. Flares are lit on the rooftops of other landmarks, signifying that the city is still in American hands. Angered over destruction of the Capital, Foley, Dunn and the rest of the Rangers vow vengeance against the Russians, claiming they will burn Moscow to the ground as they did with D.C. Narrowing down Makarov's hiding place to two separate locations, Task Force 141 decides to split up. Price and Soap travel to an aircraft bone-yard in Afghanistan, while Roach and Ghost raid Makarov's safe house on the Georgian-Russian border. At the safe house, Roach and his team obtain vital intelligence from Makarov's computer and escape with Makarov's men in pursuit. However, when they reach the extraction point, Shepherd betrays them, retrieving the intelligence and taking it with him, murdering Roach and Ghost and burning their bodies in the process. Price and MacTavish quickly learn of Shepherd's betrayal, though Price states that he wasn't betrayed since he never trusted Shepherd. The duo then manage to escape an already ongoing battle between Shepherd and Makarov's men with Nikolai's help. After contacting Makarov and offering to kill Shepherd for him, Makarov grudgingly reveals Shepherd's location at a mountain base in Afghanistan, codenamed Site Hotel Bravo. Price and MacTavish raid the base in an attempt to take revenge on Shepherd in a suicide mission. During the infiltration, Shepherd tries to escape on a Zodiac motorboat, and a long boat pursuit ensues. At the climax of the pursuit, Shepherd boards a Pave Low, only for Price to disable it by shooting the helicopter's rotor, causing a crash landing. Price and Soap tumble over a waterfall in the process. After recovering from the fall, a dazed Soap gets up and approaches the crashed Pave Low with only his knife. He sees Shepherd and moves in for the kill. Shepherd counters by slamming Soap onto a destroyed car and stabs him in the chest. Shepherd then proceeds to inform Soap how he "lost 30,000 men in the blink of an eye" and proceeds to empty his .44 Magnum, loading two bullets in it - supposedly one for Soap and the other for Price. However, just before Shepherd shoots Soap, Price tackles Shepherd and the two engage each other in a brutal fist fight. While Price manages to hold his own, Shepherd ultimately gets the upper hand, but the heavily wounded Soap is able to pull the knife from his chest and throw it into Shepherd's left eye, killing him. Price regains consciousness and inspects Soap's wounds as Nikolai arrives in a helicopter to extract them. Nikolai warns them that they will be pursued, but Price insists that Soap receives medical attention. Nikolai mentions that he knows a safe place to go to ("Da, I know a place"), and Soap and Price, now globally wanted criminals, go into hiding. Call of Duty Modern Warfare 2 PC - Full Walkthrough Campaign missions Edit Act I Edit S.S.D.D. — Help train the ANA soldiers. Team Player — Assault an Afghan town after the bridge is destroyed by OpFor soldiers. Cliffhanger — Infiltrate a Russian mountain base with Capt. MacTavish and recover a downed ACS module. No Russian — Assault a Russian airport with Vladimir Makarov while undercover. (This level can be skipped if the player is offended by its content). Takedown — Engage in a running firefight throughout Rio de Janeiro's Favela to capture an arms dealer named Alejandro Rojas. Act II Edit Wolverines! — Locate and protect codename Raptor during the beginning of the Russian invasion of America. The Hornet's Nest — Fight through the Brazilian Militia defenses and escape the favela. Exodus — Crush Russian forces in the suburbs and retrieve the HVI from the panic room. The Only Easy Day... Was Yesterday — Infiltrate an oil-rig, rescue hostages, and clear the way to the Gulag. The Gulag — Assault a Russian Gulag and rescue Prisoner #6-2-7. Of Their Own Accord — Assault Russian positions at the Department of Commerce, and protect the evacuation site at the Washington Monument. Act III Edit Contingency — Evade enemy patrols, crush Russian defenses at the sub base, and help Cpt. Price secure a nuclear submarine. Second Sun — Dodge falling debris, and push through remaining Russian forces to Whiskey Hotel. Whiskey Hotel — Assault the White House, clear out Russian forces, and get to the roof to wave off friendly fighter bombers. Loose Ends — Search for Makarov at his safehouse on the Georgian/Russian border, and capture Makarov's Operations Playbook. The Enemy of My Enemy — Make your way through the bone-yard as General Shepherd's men and Makarov's men fight each other and get to the extraction point. Just Like Old Times — Search the Afghan cave network for Shepherd. Endgame — Chase Shepherd, using a boat, make your way down rivers and through caves with Price to kill Shepherd. Bonus Edit Museum — See dioramas of most levels, locations, and events in the storyline in a museum. Every weapon featured in game is also found here, and the player is able to pick up any of them. An Ammo Box Package is available in the two rooms the weapons are found in. A red bell is found in the two rooms featuring characters. The bell reads "Do Not Press", and if the player disobeys, all the characters featured in the dioramas in the individual rooms come to action, and they all try to kill the player. A third room features vehicles used, but are not animated like the characters in the other two rooms. There also are several exclusive weapons, the M1911, and W1200, all of which are usable and exclusive to the level. Unlocked after the completion of the campaign. Canceled Levels Edit International Space Station - Found in the game's code. Roadkill - Found in the Hardened/Prestige Edition art-book. Task Force 141 Edit Sergeant Gary "Roach" Sanderson is a playable character and member of Task Force 141. Captain John "Soap" MacTavish (The main playable character from Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare) is the Commanding officer of Task Force 141 and another playable character. Captain John Price (Soap's commanding officer from Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare) returns to fight alongside Soap. Lieutenant Simon "Ghost" Riley is a member of Task Force 141 and Soap's right-hand man. U.S. Army Rangers Edit Lt. General Shepherd is the commander of the U.S. forces, Task Force 141 and Shadow Company. Private James Ramirez is a U.S. Army Ranger, and a playable character. Sergeant Foley is the leader of Ramirez's squad in the U.S. Army Rangers. Private First Class Joseph Allen is in Foley's squad of the U.S. Army Rangers, and later a member of the C.I.A and is the first playable character. Corporal Dunn is the second in command in Foley's squad in the U.S. Army Rangers. Overlord is the communicator between the U.S. Army Rangers throughout the game. Colonel Marshall is the de-facto commander of the US forces during the later stages of the Battle of Washington D.C., who organized a siege on the White House with whatever men he could find. Other Characters Edit Nikolai (a Loyalist that was rescued by Captain Price and his squad in Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare) returns in the missions "The Hornet's Nest", "The Enemy of My Enemy", "Just Like Old Times", and "Endgame". Raptor is a High-Value Individual rescued in "Wolverines!". He carries valuable information in a briefcase. William Cullen is the Secretary of Defense heard in "Second Sun" and mentioned in "Loose Ends". Sat1 is the callsign for an unnamed astronaut who is only playable at the beginning of "Second Sun". The HVI is an unidentified person of importance who is killed during the events of "Exodus". Russian Ultranationalist Union (Vorshevsky's Faction) Edit Major Petrov is the airfield commander in the level "Cliffhanger". Boris Vorshevsky is the president of Russia and becomes leader of the Ultranationalists. Viktor a Russian soldier was revealed to have infiltrated The Ultranationist Army in "Exodus" Russian Ultranationalists Union (Inner Circle/Makarov's Faction) Edit Vladimir Makarov is the new leader of the Ultranationalists. Viktor is one of the terrorists in "No Russian". Anatoly is one of the terrorists in "No Russian". Lev is one of the terrorists in "No Russian". Kiril is one of the terrorists in "No Russian". Alexei Borodin (aka Joseph Allen) is undercover as one of the terrorists in "No Russian". Brazilian Militia Edit Alejandro Rojas is an arms dealer based in Rio de Janeiro. Rojas's assistant is Rojas' right hand man. John "Soap" MacTavish · John Price · Simon "Ghost" Riley · Gary "Roach" Sanderson · Nikolai · Joseph Allen · Royce · Meat · Driver · Rocket · Chemo · Worm · Archer · Toad · Ozone · Scarecrow · Rook · Zach · Robot · Peasant Army Rangers Shepherd · James Ramirez · Joseph Allen · Foley · Dunn · Marshall · McCord · Wade · Wells · Vaughan · Sandler · Morgan · Keating · Macey · Fahey · Arnett · Sumners · Slayback · McCoy · Walden · Kuhn · Lockwood Petrov · Boris Vorshevsky Vladimir Makarov · Viktor · Anatoly · Lev · Kiril · Joseph Allen Shadow Company Shepherd · Vinson · Lambert · Oxide · Excalibur Alejandro Rojas · Rojas' assistant Afghan National Army Overlord · Punisher · Warlord Sat1 · Raptor · High Value Individual · Sierra Delta Zakhaev International Airport Tian Shan Range, Kazakhstan Georgia-Russia border Fire Base Phoenix, Afghanistan Vikhorevka 36 Oil Platform Petropavlovsk Gulag, Russia Airplane bone yard somewhere in Afghanistan Shadow Company cave networks, Afghanistan Modern Warfare 2 Exhibit, Encino, California Back in the Saddle · Danger Close · Cold Shoulder · Tag 'em and bag 'em · Royale with Cheese · Soap on a Rope · Desperate Times · Whiskey Hotel · The Pawn · Out of the Frying Pan · For the Record · First Day of School · Black Diamond · Turistas · Red Dawn · Prisoner 627 · Ends Justify the Means · Homecoming · Queen takes Rook · Off the Grid · The Price of War Gold Star · Hotel Bravo · Charlie On Our Six · It Goes to Eleven · Operational Asset · Blackjack · Honor Roll · Downed but Not Out · I'm the Juggernaut… · Operative · Specialist · Professional · Star 69 The Road Less Traveled · Leave No Stone Unturned · Pit Boss · Ghost · Colonel Sanderson · Ten plus foot-mobiles · Unnecessary Roughness · Knock-knock · Some Like it Hot · Two Birds with One Stone · Drive By · The Harder They Fall · Desperado · Look Ma Two Hands · No Rest For the Wary · Three-some PS3 Exclusive Is That All You Got? Main article: Special Ops The first Spec Ops level in the Alpha category: "The Pit". A new Special Ops mode includes one and two player cooperative play. Special Ops mode includes several fast-paced action missions similar to "Mile High Club" which are more difficult than normal campaign missions and are not related to the main storyline. It picks out certain parts of the single-player campaign that "work well with co-op". Missions are unlocked by earning stars, which are acquired by playing levels at certain difficulties. Regular difficulty earns one star, hardened earns two, and veteran earns three. Missions are divided into five groups, named Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, Delta, and Echo - the last being the hardest. Within the groups, there are types of missions such as "Breach and Clear" and "Elimination". There are special enemy types, such as those using Riot Shields, even the Special Ops exclusive Juggernaut, wearing heavy bomb squad armor. There are a total of 23 Special Ops missions, two of which are only playable in two player co-op due to one player assisting the other in carrying out the mission's objective from air support. Multiplayer is similar to the previous two titles on Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3. However, multiplayer on the PC is quite different from previous games. The PC version no longer includes dedicated server support. While previous Call of Duty titles allowed multiplayer matches with up to 64 people and user-made maps and mods, Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 on PC is almost identical to console versions. Gameplay Edit The basic gameplay stays the same from Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare and Call of Duty: World at War. A few changes have been made; The HUD is now much more sleek and easy to read on a smaller TV than the HUD from Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare. Blood will now cover the screen when the player is injured. This effect will eventually go away and it is still possible to see through the blood. Create-a-Class, while still unlocked at level 4, has a few changes; There is a new slot called "Equipment" where the player can choose from a Blast Shield, Claymore, C4, Throwing Knife, or Semtex instead of the standard M67 Frag Grenade. Secondary Weapons now consist of Shotguns, Machine Pistols, Handguns, and Launchers instead of only handguns in the previous games. Likewise with the HUD the Create-a-Class interface has been re-done from the previous games and is now much more sleek and user-friendly. As with previous games, in addition to player created classes there are five preset classes, but this time they include weapons and equipment unlocked at higher levels rather than just the items that are available by default when Create-a-Class is first unlocked. In-game Host Migration has been implemented - if the host of a multiplayer game leaves, the game will automatically pause for a few seconds to choose a new host, and then the game will resume, preventing many highly irritating mid-game ends with no or inaccurate results. Idle sway for all non-scoped weapons and AK-47s with attachments (apart from ACOG Scope) has also been removed. Each of the perks has a Pro upgrade available, which the player has to unlock by completing a challenge for the specific perk. These Pro upgrades improve the players current perk and automatically replaces it once unlocked. In Split Screen, instead of all Pre-set Classes, users can rank up and create their own. Ranks Edit Main article: Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 ranks The ranking system works in the same way as the previous two games. As the player plays matches, they will gain XP. Once the player reaches a certain amount of XP, the player will level up. There are now a total of 70 levels in Modern Warfare 2, as opposed to 55 in Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare and 65 in Call of Duty: World at War. There are also 10 levels of prestige, just like in the other two games. As in World at War, the player can unlock a total of 5 extra custom class slots by the 9th prestige. 3rd Person Team Tactical · Barebones Pro · Capture the Flag · Demolition · Domination · Free-for-All · Ground War · Headquarters Pro · Mercenary Team Deathmatch · Objective Barebones Pro · Sabotage · Search and Destroy · Team Deathmatch · Team Deathmatch Express · Team Tactical 3rd Person Team Deathmatch · 3rd Person Hardcore Team Deathmatch · 3rd Person Cage Match · Cage Match · Mosh Pit Global Thermonuclear War · One Flag Capture the Flag · Arena · Die Hard · Defcon · Arms Race · VIP · Tactical Weapon list Edit All the weapons from Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2. Weapons attachments return in Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 with a few changes. Firstly, new attachments were introduced, such as the Thermal Scope and Heartbeat Sensor. Secondly, some weapon attachments are now unlocked through the use of other attachments, such as getting 20 kills looking through the ACOG Scope to unlock the Thermal Scope or 60 kills looking down the RDS to unlock the Holographic Sight. Lastly, the Grip and Grenade Launcher no longer count as a tier one perk. There are a total of 14 weapon attachments, although not all attachments are available for all weapons. Enemies throughout the campaign will now carry weapons customized with a variety of attachments. When a player goes to pick up a weapon, it will actually tell them what attachments the gun has, except when the gun is using Bling or does not have any attachments. USP .45 · .44 Magnum · M9 · Desert Eagle · M1911 .45 (SP) PP2000 · G18 · M93 Raffica · TMP SPAS-12 · AA-12 · Striker · Ranger · M1014 · Model 1887 · W1200 (SP) AT4 · Thumper · Stinger · Javelin · RPG-7 M4A1 · FAMAS · SCAR-H · TAR-21 · FAL · M16A4 · ACR · F2000 · AK-47 MP5K · UMP45 · Vector · P90 · Mini-Uzi L86 LSW · RPD · MG4 · AUG HBAR · M240 Intervention · Barrett .50cal · WA2000 · M14 EBR/M21 EBR · Dragunov (SP, SO) Frag · Semtex · Throwing Knife · Tactical Insertion · Blast Shield · Claymore · C4 Special Grenades Flashbang · Stun · M18 Smoke Grenade Console Command Weapons G36C · Skorpion · M60E4 · M40A3 · R700 · Default Weapon · Reflex Sight Sights: Red Dot Sight (Mars Sight · Telescopic Sight) · Holographic Sight · Thermal Scope · ACOG Scope (SUSAT · Swarovski Scope (SP)) · Sniper Scope (SP, SO) Underbarrel: Shotgun · Grenade Launcher (M203, GP-25) · Grip · Tactical Knife Mod: Rapid Fire · FMJ · Extended Mags Knife · Combat Knife · AN/PEQ-2A · Minigun · M2 Browning Machine Gun · M249 SAW · M61 Vulcan Cannon · Bofors 40mm · Makarov · Breaching Charge · Air Support Marker · Grenade Bags · One Man Army Bag · Binoculars · Ammunition Crate · Ice Pick · Night Vision Goggles · Ghillie Suit · Variable Zoom · SOPMOD · Mk 19 · Geiger Counter · Flare · Parachute · Scuba Gear · M72 LAW · Juggernaut Suit · Galil G3 · Remington 870 MCS · MP5 · M14 · AK-74u · AW-50 · L85 MQ-1 Predator · AC-130H Spectre · C-130 Hercules · AV-8B Harrier · F-15 Eagle · MiG-29 · An-124 Condor · B-2 Spirit · A-10 Thunderbolt II Mi-24 · Mi-28 Havoc · Mi-8 Hip · AH-1W Super Cobra · AH-64 Apache · CH-46 Sea Knight · UH-60 Blackhawk · MH-53 Pave Low · MH-6 Little Bird SEAL Delivery Vehicle · Zodiac · USS Chicago · USS Dallas Humvee · Stryker · M1A2 Abrams · M2A2 Bradley · M104 Wolverine · T-72 · BTR-80 · BMP-2 · Snowmobile · Ural-4320 · UAZ-469 · 9K330 Tor · Technical · Opel Blitz · 2K12 Kub · M1128 Mobile Gun System Motorbike · BM-21 · Default Vehicle Main article: Perks Players can choose one perk from each of the three main tiers and one Death Streak perk for a single class loadout. Three kill streaks can also be chosen, but these are not class-specific. Pro perks are upgraded versions of existing perks that are unlocked by fulfilling certain requirements with the original. All perks have Pro versions and all are unlocked by the Pro IV challenge for that specific perk. Note that Pro V and Pro VI challenges exist. Pro V does not earn anything except a large amount of XP. Pro VI challenges unlock Emblems or titles for players to use in their Callsigns. Pro perks include the benefits of the original version while adding new benefits. There are less Perks than in Call of Duty 4 due to the addition of Pro Perks, as well as the removal of many less-useful Perks. Perks, Killstreaks, and Deathstreaks of Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 Marathon · Sleight of Hand · Scavenger · Bling · One Man Army Stopping Power · Lightweight · Hardline · Cold-Blooded · Danger Close Commando · Steady Aim · Scrambler · Ninja · SitRep · Last Stand 3: UAV Recon · 4: Care Package · 4: Counter-UAV · 5: Sentry Gun · 5: Predator Missile · 6: Precision Airstrike · 7: Harrier Strike · 7: Attack Helicopter · 8: Emergency Airdrop · 9: Pave Low · 9: Stealth Bomber · 11: Chopper Gunner · 11: AC130 · 15: EMP · 25: Tactical Nuke Copycat · Painkiller · Martyrdom · Final Stand Saboteur · Blackbox · Shellshock · Heartbreaker · Challenger Cut Killstreaks Maps Edit Afghan · Derail · Estate · Favela · Highrise · Invasion · Karachi · Quarry · Rundown · Rust · Scrapyard · Skidrow · Sub Base · Terminal · Underpass · Wasteland Bailout · Crash · Overgrown · Salvage · Storm Carnival · Fuel · Strike · Trailer Park · Vacant Unused/Scrapped Oil Rig · Vertigo · Gulag · Downtown LA · Riverwalk · Suburbia · Trailer · Verdict · Substation · Uprise · Crossfire · Fuel Kill/Deathstreak Rewards Edit Killstreak rewards Edit Players can select three Killstreak Rewards at a time. A player's killstreak loadout cannot be changed from class to class; instead, one loadout will be used for all classes. Killstreaks now stack (getting a higher killstreak no longer gets rid of the lower unused one, but it will not be available until after the current killstreak is used). Also, killstreaks require one less kill with the perk Hardline. Deathstreak rewards Edit Death Streaks are the opposite of Kill Streaks: these give the player certain rewards for being killed a certain amount of times in a row without getting a kill. Once the Death Streak activates, it remains active until the user gets a kill, no matter how many times the user dies until they get that kill. Once the user gets a kill, the Death Streak will still be active for that life, but will then deactivate upon their next respawn. Only one can be equipped to a class. Unlike Perks, Death Streaks do not have Pro versions. Accolades Edit Main article: Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 Accolades Accolades are awards earned in game and given after a match. They do not reward XP. Callsigns Edit Main article: Playercard Callsigns are multiplayer name-tags that appear on screen when a player achieves a kill, secures a command post, and other things. The callsign includes the Emblem, Title and name of the player. To unlock titles and emblems for a callsign the player will need to do certain tasks such as reaching certain prestiges or kills with weapons etc. The Callsign status box. Challenges Edit Main article: Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 challenges Challenges remain largely unchanged from the previous game. However, on the event of prestiging, a tier of challenges will be unlocked, under the title of Prestige. These challenges mostly require the player to get a certain amount of kills using a killstreak etc. US Army Rangers Spetsnaz Local split-screen Edit Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 also features local split-screen on a single console, similarly to previous installments of Call of Duty. Up to four players can play on a single console. Local split-screen features all of the same game modes and custom settings as online private matches, and for the first time allows players to unlock things and customize their classes just like in the online modes. One of the offline multiplayer settings enables players to play with everything that they have unlocked online, but playing offline will not earn them XP for their online account, nor will anything they do offline affect any of their online leaderboard stats. Updates Edit The Latest update patched the ability to host 10th prestige lobbies, greatly reducing the amount of hacking done online. The previous update patched the ability to host Infection and Challenge lobbies. The updates eliminate pretty much all forms of hacking online for Modern Warfare 2. Title Edit Due to the commercial success of Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, Infinity Ward thought that the modern setting had entered unto a "world of its own," they then dropped the prefix from the title.[3] Activision was reportedly getting "bored" with the series, and so ran with the idea. It was later found from surveys that there was a 40% drop in brand awareness after the removal of the "Call of Duty" prefix. At E3 2009 the customer intent to buy the game had dropped significantly because of the title change. It is speculated that Activision chose to bring the Call of Duty prefix back in response to these surveys in order to prevent confusion with consumers. The Call of Duty prefix is still absent from the Hardened and Prestige editions, as well as in-game menus. Former promotional logo used now on limited editions' packaging as well as in-game menus. Voice actors Edit Lance Henriksen — An American character actor who portrays General Shepherd. He is well known amongst sci-fi fans for his role as Bishop in James Cameron's Aliens as well as the highly regarded Fox TV series Millennium. Kevin McKidd — A Scottish actor who portrays John "Soap" MacTavish. He is most known to mainstream audiences for his role as Owen Hunt on ABC's Grey's Anatomy but many fans may also recognize him as Lucius Vorenus from HBO's Rome, Dan Vasser from NBC's short lived cult time travel series Journeyman and the British cult werewolf horror film Dog Soldiers. He also provided voice work for Grand Theft Auto: Vice City and he played Poseidon in Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief. Craig Fairbrass — An English Actor who voiced Gaz in Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare. He does the voiceover of Ghost. Announcer for Task Force 141. Barry Pepper — A Canadian-born actor who played the Christian sniper Pvt. Daniel Jackson in Saving Private Ryan. As a voice actor, he already performed the role of Alex Mercer in the Activision game: Prototype. He does the voiceover for Cpl. Dunn. Keith David — An American actor who does the voiceover for Sgt. Foley. He voiced the Arbiter in both Halo 2 and Halo 3, Captain Anderson in the Mass Effect Trilogy, and Julius Little in the Saints Row series. David is well known for his roles in The Thing, Platoon, and the Chronicles of Riddick series. In television, he is well known for voicing the titular character of Spawn as well as Goliath on the cartoon series Gargoyles. Additionally, he is well known for narrating numerous US Navy recruitment TV commercials as well as many highly regarded documentaries on the Discovery Networks. Glenn Morshower — An American actor who is known for his recurring role in 24 as Secret Service Agent Aaron Pierce. He does the voice-over for Overlord, an American commander during the Russian invasion of the US. Billy Murray — An English actor who previously voiced Captain Price returns as him in Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2. Curtis Jackson (50 Cent) — A popular hip hop performer who does voice work for auxiliary characters in the campaign and multiplayer modes, particularly as the US Navy SEAL team announcer. Roman Varshavsky — A Russian actor who voiced Vladimir Makarov. Modern Warfare 2 Soundtrack Edit Main article: Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 Official Soundtrack Controversies Edit See also - Controversies surrounding Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 Downloadable content Edit Activision has announced that they plan to release a minimum of two downloadable map packs for Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2.[4] Microsoft announced at E3 2009 that these map packs would be available for the Xbox 360 via Xbox Live before they would be released on other platforms.[2] The first map pack, the Stimulus Package includes five maps; two from Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, Crash and Overgrown, and three new maps, Bailout, Salvage, and Storm. It was released for Xbox Live users on March 30, 2010, and May 4, 2010 for PC users and North American PlayStation 3 users. It was release on May 5 for the rest of the PS3 and PC users in the world. The second map pack, the Resurgence Pack released for Xbox 360 on June 4, and PC for North American PS3 users on July 6 and 7 for the rest of the world using PS3. It included five maps: Three new maps, Carnival, Fuel, and Trailer Park. It also brings back two maps from Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, Strike and Vacant. Retail editions and spin-offs Edit Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2: Prestige Edition Special edition statue Official Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 Xbox 360 console The game was released in four different editions for the PlayStation 3 and the Xbox 360. The PC only received the first edition on the list. These are; Regular, Hardened, Veteran, Prestige, and the Saga Pack: Regular - Comes with only the game disc and manual in a standard plastic case like most other games. It costs £45/$60. This is the only version available for the PC.[5] Hardened - Comes with the game disc (a different print, the MW2 green and black instead of the figure in the desert) and the manual, along with an art book, a steel case, and a code to download the original Call of Duty game. It costs £60/$80. Veteran - On September 18, 2009, GAME announced a 'Veteran Edition' which includes all the contents of the Hardened Edition, but includes a "Soap" MacTavish ultra-premium ARTFX Statue sculpted by Kotobukiya. The statue has 3 sets of interchangeable weapons and arms, including: Dual ice-climbing pickaxes, Dual .45 caliber pistols, M14 Enhanced Battle Rifle (affixes to Soap's back when not in use). It is a GAME exclusive. It costs £199.99. Prestige - Includes all content of the Hardened Edition, as well as fully-functional night vision goggles imprinted with the Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 logo and a sculpted head stand of "Soap" MacTavish. It costs $150. Saga Pack - Includes the standard edition of Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 along with its prequel, Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare. It became available in late 2010. A special edition Xbox 360 was also released alongside Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2. The bundle includes an Xbox 360 with MW2 graphics, the Regular edition of Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2, a 250GB hard drive, two black wireless controllers, and a headset. Pricing is set at US$399/AU$599/£249.99. Aside from the main console versions, two other Call of Duty games were released alongside Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 on November 10, 2009. Call of Duty: Modern Warfare: Mobilized is a Nintendo DS companion narrative game to Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2, and Call of Duty: Modern Warfare Reflex is a Treyarch-converted Wii port of Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare. Peripherals Edit On July 21, 2009, Infinity Ward's Community Manager Robert Bowling revealed through Twitter that a Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 controller was in the works, but initially withheld the name of the manufacturer.[6] It was revealed on August 11, 2009 that peripherals manufacturer Mad Catz was contracted by Activision to create a line of Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 controllers and accessories for all platforms that the game will be released on. On August 24, 2009, Mad Catz revealed their Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 lineup including Combat Controllers for Xbox 360 and PS3 platforms, a Throat Communicator for Xbox 360, and a Headset for PS3. For PC there is a Combat Gamepad, "Sniper" Mouse with 2 stage weighting system, and Combat Keyboard. The Xbox 360 and PS3 controllers feature programmable combat buttons. The accessories come in black and snow digital camouflage. All concept art was drawn by and belongs to Thomas A. Szakolczay. An Arab marketplace. Wartorn Arab city Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Shadow Company bunker, Just Like Old Times Headquarters of the same bunker, Just Like Old Times. Shower room, The Gulag. Russian BMP-2, Wolverines! Washington Monument Evacuation Site, Of Their Own Accord. Game Manual Edit Health Warning, ESRB Game Ratings Heads Up-Display Health System, Pause/Objectives Screen, Multiplayer Objectives Screen, Options, Stats Sequel Edit Main article: Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 was confirmed to be in pre-production on April 9, 2010 and was released November 8, 2011. Activision did confirm that Infinity Ward and Sledgehammer Games worked on the single player, while Raven Software and newly founded company Beachhead took control of the multiplayer.[7] Despite widespread rumors saying that the game is a prequel focusing on deceased character Ghost, the four newly released teasers denied this, as the story will continue directly from Modern Warfare 2. In the single player trailer, John "Soap" MacTavish is shot by the Russians in the mission "Cliffhanger", where in the mission, MacTavish doesn't get killed (unless the player does not execute the "Plan B"). Monster Energy has released Modern Warfare 2 themed cans. The Monster Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 Drink This game was seen in Percy Jackson & The Olympians: The Lighting Thief. It was seen being played by Luke; he was on the Militia team playing Team Deathmatch in Favela with an L86 LSW with Red Dot Sight. A goof that viewers can see is that he's playing with a PS3 controller even though the screen shows Xbox 360 buttons on the screen. Another goof for this scene is that when an online game is paused the game continues yet when Luke pauses the game to talk to Percy it acts like he's playing a single player campaign mission and the game doesn't continue. The game was featured in Family Guy in the episode "April in Quahog" where Peter Griffin is seen playing Team Deathmatch on Favela as Task Force 141 whilst also struggling to control the Xbox 360 randomly dying multiple times. Peter's class seems to be a small variant of the "Grenadier" pre-made class, the difference being the equipment slot is a Semtex instead of a frag grenade. Some car license plates read "IW20094" referring to Infinity Ward (abbreviated as IW), the makers of the game, 2009, referring to the release date, and 4 as the fourth installment of Infinity Ward. In the video game Far Cry 3, Willis Huntley makes a reference to Modern Warfare 2 by saying that he's "Flying out to Russia with Task Force 141." In Battlefield: Bad Company 2, Sweetwater references Modern Warfare 2 by replying "They'll just send in some special ops douchebags with pussy-ass heartbeat monitors on their guns, instead of us." to Sarge after he suggests reporting of an HVT to the command. This is apparent as the two games were in concurrent development, and Cliffhanger was shown early in the E3 conference including the aforementioned. Upon its release, Modern Warfare 2 broke the record for most successful video game launch of all time in the UK and US, breaking the record previously held for over a year by Grand Theft Auto IV. This record was later broken by Modern Warfare 3, Call of Duty: Black Ops II and Grand Theft Auto V. In October 2009 a YouTube video was released titled Fight Against Grenade Spammers that featured baseball player Cole Hamels in a public-service announcement about grenade spammers and is blown up by one during the video it is then revealed that the title spells out the word "fags" a deragatory term for gay people. ↑ Stead, Chris(2009-07-15).The 10 Best Game Engines of This Generation. IGN.Retrieved on 2009-07-15. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kietzmann, Ludwig(2009-06-01).Call of Duty: Black Ops hits $1 billion milestone. CNET.Retrieved on 2009-08-07. ↑ Modern Warfare 2 not to be "Call of Duty" branded ↑ Reilly, Jim(2009-08-06).Map Packs Important for Modern Warfare 2. IGN.Retrieved on 2009-08-06. ↑ Modern Warfare 2 PC Not Getting Special Editions. IGN PC. IGN.Retrieved on 2009-07-29. ↑ Nelson, Randy(2009-07-20).Infinity Ward helping design Modern Warfare 2 controller. Joystiq.Retrieved on 2009-07-21. ↑ http://www.gamertell.com/gaming/comment/activision-announced-beachhead-studio-for-cod-china-gets-online-only-cod/ Infinity Ward's creative strategist's (formerly community manager) Twitter Infinity Ward's Twitter The official site of Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 forum on Infinity Ward's website GameStop's Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2 Pre-order sweepstakes Monster Energy's promotion for Modern Warfare 2	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1051
__label__wiki	0.555938	0.555938	Before New Grim: #3- The day the world stopped turning Date: 8/10/Y2K-045 Subject: Recovery of video recordings of F.day To: BRM HQ Recently our recent scout team operation had found old recordings from damaged but still recoverable CCTV information, out in the ruins of Freeman area. Theses recordings and still Picts recorded the hours leading up towards F.day, as the city was decimated by three atomic warheads by [classified]. I have stored these recordings into the historical archives of F.day files, to ensure City Grims fate will not be forgotten. I request that I may be given permission by General Brandon to meet Atom, to discuss F.day and the next phase of reclamation of New Grim. Marina J. Hester City Grim, 30/12/99 at 18:00pm City Grim, 30/12/Y2K at 12:00am. The day F.day began after New Year celebration. City Grim, 30/12/Y2K at 12:02am. The day City Grim was bombarded by atomic warheads. By Bjorn Stormbornin Art, Blogging, Digital art, Fiction, mystery, Sci-Fi September 27, 2018 December 18, 2018 149 WordsLeave a comment III Legion By Bjorn Stormbornin Blogging, Emperors Children, Photography, Warhammer, Warhammer 40,000 September 27, 2018 0 WordsLeave a comment Before New Grim: #2- No longer here but still here 01000001 01110100 01101111 01101101 Assembled, destroyed, re-assembled and back again. Neither here nor gone but nowhere. Consciously connected to a billion minds as it’s creators link it to the minds of many, feeding it with the thoughts, feelings and knowledge to live. But it’s neither alive nor dead for it has no heart and soul like mortal man, so too does it lack humanity. The clock strikes twelve at midnight when the new year arrives ////(Y2K)////, and the world will be changed forever……. By Bjorn Stormbornin Art, Blogging, Digital art, Photography, Uncategorized September 21, 2018 September 21, 2018 80 WordsLeave a comment Inspired Soul Wars Collection: More souls forged on the Anvils of apotheosis Short one again, as I haven’t got much to say on the units as they aren’t notably fleshed out as characters (well apart from the Gryphound, but I’d be spoiling too much). However, they were part of Lord Arcanum Balthas’s Sacrosanct Chamber that helped the Order alliance defend the Free-city of Glymmsforge. For those of you new to this blog post series, Inspired Soul Wars is a series dedicated to painting two full armies of both Nighthuant and the Sacrosanct Chamber. Both factions that I’m painting mine on are based on the characters and events in the novel, Soul Wars, by Josh Reynolds. Here’s my current models painted for the Anvils of Heldenhammer Sacrosanct Chamber. Enjoy! Castigators a near enough plastic model that could be great for a kitbashing as a Reaper Bolthrower (just saying). The first two Liberators that will be part of a unit lead by Liberator Prime Elis, I’m currently waiting for the right time to get a female Stormcast after other tasks are done. only the faithful! (Sorry, wrong Stormhost…). This Gryphound (forgot its name!) was once a companion to Lord Castellant Pharus Thaum, until he was sadly slain and sent back to Azyr to be reforged. So another chapter is done, and very few models left to paint and show for this long series. I apologise for the long overdrawn gaps for this series, it’s been difficult trying to paint the Stormcast models due to the colour scheme I’m using. But fear not, I’ve got more models to show very soon! Thank you for reading this post. If you have any questions, post a comment below and I’ll reply back as soon as I can. Thanks! By Bjorn Stormbornin Blogging, Photography, Stormcast Eternals, Warhammer, Warhammer Age of Sigmar September 21, 2018 September 21, 2018 282 WordsLeave a comment Kill Team: Death Guard Rotworm Brotherhood By Bjorn Stormbornin Blogging, Death Guard, Nurgle, Photography, Warhammer, Warhammer 40,000 September 19, 2018 September 19, 2018 0 Words4 Comments Primaris Hero’s, First founding Legions part 1 When Warhammer Conquest magazine first hit the shelves weeks ago, I had two ideas form in my mind, 1) bolster my Emperors Children project (which I’ll show my current progress soon!), and 2) start a new small project relating to the Primaris marines. I’m 50/50 on the Primaris as on the one hand I really like the scale and poses for the models, as they look more fluid in their form (no squating poses now!) and easier to paint for bigger scale. But on the other hand, they look very plain with the same armour and weapons, as well as their lore still being okay-ish as ‘good’ guys (although DA Primaris are shaping up really nicely like their legion). So I wanted to try my hand at creating nine marines from all of the loyalist first founding legions, customising my Primaris with spare bitz to create unique and more appealing characters. Obviously II and XI were left out for obvious reasons…. Today, I wanted to show my first four fully painted Primaris marines from the Deathwatch Ultramarines, Imperial Fists, Blood Angels and Slamanders legions. Enjoy! Ultramarines Deathwatch Lieutenant Arstus Blood Angels Intercessor Luixus, 3rd squad Salamanders Intercessor Su’tain, 5th squad Imperial Fist Intercessor Sergeant Falix, Fifth company Each Primaris marine has its own unique look to define its legion and personality. For example, Su’tain wears a rebreather and a modified flamer, tying him closer to his legions culture and weapon of choice. I didn’t want to kitbash the models too much, as the Primaris are still early in their experience of warfare. I’m currently working on painting another four 1st founding legions, before doing a final post on the ninth and final legion chapter. By Bjorn Stormbornin Blogging, Photography, Space marines, Warhammer, Warhammer 40,000 September 18, 2018 September 18, 2018 307 WordsLeave a comment Dominator the movie, is it a good film? As of typing this post and doing research on the film/ franchise, I found out that the original creator of Dominator and founder of Renegade Arts Entertainment, Tony Luke had sadly passed away in 2016 from a long battle from cancer. My sympathies goes out for the family, friends and the loss of a very talented creator. If you haven’t heard of Doninator the movie, well your in luck! Created by Tony Luke, Dominator a story about a rouge Demon who deserted his master, Lord Desecrater, with the key that can unlock the gates of hell. Summoned by a girl rock band who used a satanic book as lyrics for their song, Dominator was sent to the mortal plane of earth where he must (begrudgingly) protect against paranormal and demonic horrors. Lord Desecrater, in his rage, has sent his greatest warriors to retrieve back the key in order to traverse from hell to take over earth. Whilst for its time the film was a good attempt at bringing British talent to produce an anime film (or Brit-anime to be exact). This film is actually a big mark on British media history, as it was a self run Brit-anime company that produced a low budget film, the first British made anime to U.K. audiences. After the success of Archangel Thunderbird TV movie, Tony Luke would go on to make the first Dominator movie, based on his manga series back in the 80’s. Looking back on the film, it hasn’t aged well, with terrible CGI mixed with some cheesy dialogue (but most of it was funny) doesn’t quite fit well to today’s standards. However, I thought the plot was a fairly decent story with a good mix of comedy and lore. A notable voice talent for the film was Dani Filth (frontman of Cradle of Filth) who played as the protagonist anti hero, Dominator. His intro when he arrives on earth was seriously a good laugh! The film also featured the voice talent of Doug Bradley who starred as Dr Payne, one of the most British Exorcist I’ve ever seen! But is the movie qualifies as a bad movie? Well, comparing it to other CGI films like Food Wars, it’s far better in standards for consistent story telling and interesting lore for it’s mythos. However, considering the deadlines that the team behind the film had to reach, it’s understandable why the CGI looked unfinished. Taking into account that this film was done on a low budget, in a front room rather than a studio, it was a new and unknown territory that Renga media (set up by the creator, Tony Luke) was treading on was a big step to make. But In all fairness there are a few good stuff to see in the film, like the sweat heavy metal tracks and some funny comedic moments. The film did at least gave Britain a start with CGI animation industry, which has evolved over the years to amazing quality we see today. This Brit-anime film in my opinion, is a very special piece of history because it shows us not only the early days of British animation (although Toy Story does beat this film by a long way). But it’s also interesting to watch, yeah, I still enjoy watching this film! The characters are interesting, the plot is interesting and at least it doesn’t take itself too seriously. It’s not easily available to purchase anywhere else (Amazon has a few copies for under £6) and not a widely known franchise outside of the original comic strips from Metal Hammer magazine. Which as of this year it will be Dominators 30th anniversary since his debut in the magazine back in 1988. Tony Luke isn’t like most creators, there’s clearly been a lot of work being done on Dominator the Movie. With communication between voice actors, staff and the creator himself, to produce a good film for it’s time. From looking at the extras on the dvd with interviews of Tony, Doug Bradly and Alan Grant show, there was an effort and motivational force behind the film. Although the film is not going to be everyone’s cup of tea, and I wouldn’t blame you for not liking it. There were two more films of Dominator, on being a short crossover with another character from Metal Hammer magazine comic strip. Dominator’s last appearance would be the now abandoned reboot, Dominator X, which, based on it’s trailer, would have looked amazing if it had been completed. Overall, if you like heavy metal with a mix of comedy and a decent film to watch on a Sunday, this film is just right for you. However, I wouldn’t say it’s a must see film with its outdated visuals and animation. I think it’s fitting to end this post using the quote from the movie “If you think rock is dead, you will be”. My research sources links: Dominator the Movie extra features- DVD Wikipedia- https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominator_(comics) Creator of Dominator, Tony Luke short bio- http://www.renegadeartsentertainment.com/about-us/the-team By Bjorn Stormbornin Blogging September 13, 2018 September 13, 2018 844 WordsLeave a comment	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1052
__label__wiki	0.530783	0.530783	by Cape Cod Wave Written by Cape Cod Wave The theme of this year’s most popular Cape Cod Wave stories were profiles of interesting people. We have profiled almost 40 of Cape Cod’s most interesting people since Cape Cod Wave set up shop in May 2013. These are often long profiles, thousands of words – and you, our readers seem to like them. We think the reason is because we have found such interesting people. This year, several of our top 10 most popular stories were profiles, beginning with one of the first stories we published, early in Janary, about a young man who rose from tough circumstances and is very thankful for those who helped him. That touching story was our most popular, but several others also touched a nerve in one way or another. And, of course, some of our most popular stories aren’t on this list because they have been published in previous years. Most of our stuff is designed to be evergreen – meaning it remains relevant years after. We dive into important stuff, and more. One other note – every year weather stories are among our most popular but only one such story made the top ten this year. We take a lack of spectacular weather in the news as a good sign. These are our most popular Cape Cod Wave stories of 2017. If you like what we are doing, please spread the word so we can continue to grow and create this kind of journalism. Thank you for your support, and especially for reading these stories. 1) Darby’s Story: An Angel House Kid Grows Up: By far our most popular story, this tale of a young man who rose from very tough family circumstances, with the help of Angel House, run by Housing Assistance Corporation, touched many people. We were among them. Amanda Converse 2) Shift Confusion – What Does A Local Brand Name Mean On Cape Cod?: Amanda Converse, owner of the women’s clothing store Shift Eco Boutique in Hyannis was at first confused when people came in saying they had been in her Chatham store. She does not have a Chatham store, but a retailer on Nantucket opened a store in Chatham called SHIFT that sold women’s clothing. Converse has since taken SHIFT to court. 3) R.I.P. Otis Okernick – Falmouth’s Bartender: We don’t run obituaries and we don’t run In Memorium of well-known people who died. But we have run remembrances of an Outer Cape surfer, a Chatham barback, and this story, on Otis Okernick, longtime Falmouth bartender. This one is a bit more personal. Otis was a friend. Brian needs a new place to watch the Super Bowl this year without Otis around. 4) Rick Weeks’ Endless Summer: A 69-Year-Old Surfer Stands Up: A friend of Rick Weeks said of him, “He has donated his whole life and his whole being to surfing. It’s his identity. It’s his love. It’s everything to him.” And he is still at it, going out on his SUP board almost every day on the Outer Cape, at almost 70 years old. 5) John Holdren, Obama’s Science Advisor, “I’m Not Going To Be Silent Now”: John John Holdren Holdren, President Barack Obama’s Science Advisor, gave Cape Cod Wave his first interview after leaving the White House when the new administration took over. The Falmouth resident talked about the importance of fact-based decision making, and the need to speak up in times when science is challenged. 6) Chris Blood, The Incredibly Casual Sound Guy At The Beachcomber: Chris Blood is a sound guy. He stays up late and turns knobs and makes many people happy. He moves levers. He pushes buttons. And he talks to and deals with bands, often the best bands on Cape Cod. Our profile of the guy behind the scenes at the Wellfleet Beachcomber was as popular as the bar itself. 7) Brian Switzer, The Teacher Who Made It Cool To Be Smart & Motivated: Brian Switzer retired after 30 years of teaching fifth and sixth graders at Morse Pond School. What he taught them is that it is cool to be smart and motivated. He created a school newspaper, a school radio mystery show, a school TV show and more. Our readers were thrilled to learn more about the best teacher we’ve ever seen. 8) Heavy Rain Causes Falmouth Flooding – Slideshow: Of course there is a weather story Flooding in Falmouth in our top ten. That’s pretty consistent every year. We’ve learned that readers love crazy weather and this flash flood certainly qualified. 9) Jon Evans’ Studio – A Place In The Woods Where Songs Are Made: Jon Evans is a professional bass player who has played on gold records and toured Tori Amos, Sarah McLaughlin and other recording stars. He records music for NPR and has appeared on several national television shows, including on the David Letterman show 14 times. He also he has an incredibly nice recording studio in the woods in Orleans. We watched a song get recorded. 10) Chronicle Comes To Falmouth Because Of The Turkeys: Turkeys again – this time fueled by television. The award-winning TV show, Chronicle came to Falmouth and interviewed Brian and others about the Falmouth turkeys. Ted Reinstein of Chronicle talked to Brian about their mutual interest in turkey journalism. – A Novel By Brian Tarcy of Cape Cod Wave A softball team called the Townies. A slick developer with a sketchy story. A town divided over a zoning change….— YOU CAN’T SELL RIGHT FIELD, A Cape Cod Novel Cape Cod Wave Our Top 10 Cape Cod Wave Moments of 2017 Cape Cod Wave is an online magazine covering the character and culture of Cape Cod. We feature long-form journalism, slices of Cape Cod life, scenic slide shows, and music videos of local bands playing original music.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1054
__label__cc	0.642844	0.357156	Career Crush Career Advice and Inspiration Communications, Journalism & Writing IT, Tech and Apps Marketing, PR & Events #CareerCrushing #CareerCrushing with Daniel Doody – Freelance Journalist written by Alyshia Anderson Daniel Doody, 29 @dandoody http://daniel-doody.squarespace.com/ It was only four years ago that Daniel Doody decided he wanted to be a journalist, and in a small amount of time he has landed career-making gigs with major Australian television networks. “I was living in England at the time [when] I started taking an interest in TV news” Daniel, 29 said, “whether it was good or bad, I was really keen and interested in understanding what was going on around the world.” It was when his Visa was coming to an end that Daniel decided he was going to study Journalism and began researching universities back in Australia where he could pursue his studies. Daniel decided upon Macleay College as it allowed for hands on industry experience with a Diploma qualification within one year. “Macleay College was a great experience – teaching you about what the industry is all about,” Daniel said, “I really enjoyed making videos and putting real life stories together.” It was while attending Macleay College that Daniel was quoted as being ‘the best intern that channel 10 has ever had!’ “One of the criteria for Macleay College is to complete 40 hours of interning with a media organisation… I wasted no time by calling TV Networks, Radio stations and any other media outlets that were willing to take on interns, hence my luck with Channel 10.” Daniel spent his time at Channel 10 shadowing reporters and camera crew chasing stories for the day and observing the technical side of putting the Ten Eyewitness News national bulletin together. “I even managed to put a story together, but at the time I don’t think it was written very well, but at least it was a good experience.” Daniel graduated from Macleay College with a Diploma in Journalism in 2015, and utilising his connections that he made while interning Daniel decided to ask for any job opportunities. Daniel Doody currently works for Channel 10 and Sky News. “After my one week interning with Channel 10, I left there feeling that I made a good impression.” “Six months later I contacted the Unit Manager, Camilla, from the newsroom to see if there were any job opportunities available.” Although there weren’t any opportunities at the time, Daniel continued to stay in contact and eventually landed an interview, which lead to being offered a position at Channel 10. “I think I got the job because of my enthusiasm during my interning at Channel 10 and my persistence in getting myself out there and known… It certainly had paid off.” As Daniel is a casual at Channel 10, he wanted to expand his experience in a working newsroom and got in contact with Sky News Chief Bureau Ahron. “I had an informal chat with Ahron – he was impressed with my enthusiasm – the following week I was hired… just like that.” Although Daniel’s roles do not currently involve reporting, he is still chasing his dream as a television reporter and is continuing to expand his knowledge as a freelance journalist. “In terms of my opportunity to do some reporting it hasn’t happened yet… In getting your ideal job there will be times where you’ll need to make sacrifices.” “During my time at Macleay College, I was working at a five star hotel – it was my first job when I arrived in Melbourne three years ago.” But Daniel is not giving up anytime soon, and puts the support of his wife, Joanne down to his persistence to follow his pathway to his dream job. “There has been a few times where I thought I’m not really getting my ideal job role and it’s been nearly two years… I should just quit and choose a different career.” “But what keeps me going is the support from my wife Joanne, who keeps reminding me each and every single day to never give up.” Daniel Doody dreams to be a TV Reporter. (Photo source: supplied.) When you were 10, what did you want to be when you grew up? A Police Officer… I got my inspiration from the comedy action movie Beverley Hills Cop starring Eddie Murphy. If you had one day to try any job in the world, what would it be? The Prime Minister for Australia. This entry was posted in: #CareerCrushing Tagged with: Channel 10, Daniel Doody, Diploma of Journalism, Journalism, Macleay College, New Bulletin, Sky News, TV News, TV Reporter by Alyshia Anderson I am a freelance journalist from Melbourne, Victoria. Pingback: #CareerCrushing with Eleanor Pendleton – Founder and Editor \| Previous Post#CareerCrushing with Lucy E Cousins – Editor Next Post#CareerCrushing with Eleanor Pendleton – Founder and Editor "I actually loved studying law and writing about it, but never really felt like I was being 100% true to myself, that I always had a creative and entrepreneurial side that needed exploring." • • We chatted to Azzi Williams, founder of Williamspro Makeup, a freelance journalist and once a lawyer! Azzi's career journey is up on the blog. In Conversation with Roxy Jacenko is only days away and our stats on our interview with her are going nuts! If you're heading to meet @roxyjacenko this week, get a quick overview of how she made it in PR, and what drove her to launch Sweaty Betty PR. P.S Be sure to take note of the flowers - Roxy once wanted to be a florist 😉 Link in bio. #notsponsored #shejustrox #seewhatididthere Some days it gets hard. From assignments piling up, rejections from your dream university, to getting knock-backs for job applications, but the important thing to remember is to keep going. No one, absolutely no one, is an overnight success. As the saying goes, an arrow needs to go backwards before it can go forward. Press onward! 😬 @unzippedfashionsource's Sammy Cashen knew that a career in fashion was her destiny. After missing out on her first two preferences in uni, she jumped straight into her backup plan to get her career on the move. A chance encounter at a Melbourne runway show saw Sammy land an internship with a Melbourne fashion agency. Now a @westfieldau stylist, and the Brand Manager at @houseofquirky_, Sammy shares her career journey. Link in bio. Just because it hasn't been done doesn't mean it can't be. Stop fretting on the difficulty of it and just do it!!	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1055
__label__cc	0.58974	0.41026	(高级)医药代表/(高级)医药专员-希爱力-济南 Consultant-Enterprise Data Architect Legal/Paralegal Professional Engineer-Central Automation Global Operations - Data Management Medical Science Liaison - Immunology Embracing diversity and inclusion is at the core of our long-held value of respect for people. It is the lens through which we understand and respond to the unique needs of the millions of individuals who depend on our medicines. Our efforts to ensure a diverse and inclusive environment for our employees span the globe. For us, embracing diversity means understanding, respecting, and valuing differences, including but not limited to race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, national origin, protected veteran status, disability, or any other legally protected status. We strongly believe that the interests of our company are best served by a Lilly team that reflects the diversity represented within our communities and that takes full advantage of the unique inputs, perspectives, talents, and experiences of each and every person whom we engage in our work. The greatest measure of our diversity and inclusion efforts is our ability to attract and retain exceptional employees who feel comfortable in a culture that supports them being themselves. Diversity Recognition Lilly is honored to have received recognition for its diversity initiatives. Some recent highlights include: DiversityInc “Top 50 Companies for Diversity” list, which recognizes corporate diversity best practices, for five consecutive years Working Mother, "100 Best Companies" for the last 20 years Science Magazine, "Top 20 Employer Science Careers" Top Companies for Executive Women, National Association of Female Executives Black EOE Journal, "Best of the Best" lists, Top Disability-Friendly, Top LGBT-Friendly Company Enterprise Engagement Alliance, "Top 25 Most People-Centric Company" Hispanic Network Magazine, "Best of the Best" list, Top Pharmaceutical & Biotech Companies Human Rights Campaign's Corporate Equality Index "Best Places to Work for LGBT Equality" LATINO magazine, Latino 100, list of top 100 companies providing the most opportunities for Latinos PM360, Pharmaceutical/Biotech Company of the Year Professional Woman’s Magazine, "Best of the Best" lists, Top Diversity Employer, Top Supplier Diversity Program, Top LGBT-Friendly Company, Top Disability-Friendly Company Our employee resource groups (ERGs) are a critical part of the overall fabric of diversity and play a key role in the progress we are making. Approximately 12,500 of our employees are members of these 10 groups in more than 60 chapters, which are located at Lilly offices around the world. They offer strong support networks for their members and help our company develop talented individuals for future leadership roles. In recent years, they have been expanding their grassroots activities into areas that have more direct ties to our business impact. Put simply: ERGs support a richer, more inclusive workplace culture while partnering with the business to better serve our diverse marketplace. They provide valuable insight as we develop programs and relationships that help us improve lives. All groups are open to our employees who have an interest in participating. We all benefit by learning about the many cultures that combine to make one Lilly. Africa, Middle East, Central Asia Network African American Network Chinese Culture Network Lilly India Network Organization of Latinos at Lilly People Respecting Individual Differences Equally Veterans Leadership Network Working and Living with Disabilities Lilly celebrates a long history of commitment to veterans and supporting the military, both in the workplace and in the community. In May 1876, Colonel Eli Lilly founded what would later become the global research-based company Eli Lilly and Company. We are the only major U.S. pharmaceutical company founded by a U.S. military veteran. As a company founded by a veteran, support for members of our military is part of our heritage. We offer an environment that is supportive to members of our military. Our commitment to the military includes career opportunities, veteran community programs, volunteerism, and other aid. We give retired and current military members an opportunity to transition their skills and strengths to important work in the private sector. Members of the military are encouraged to explore our career opportunities and the advantages of working for a company that is focused on making life better for people around the world. We currently provide time off for military duty and military family service member-related leaves, including military duty leave such as involuntary or voluntary activation, training, military family leave, and military family member-related leave. Additionally, we work with employees serving to ensure that benefits, pay, years of service to the company, and other details are handled in a manner that supports the employee’s ability to serve while maintaining his or her future with Lilly.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1056
__label__cc	0.676095	0.323905	The National Lottery Community Fund Scotland Blog When people are in the lead, communities thrive. May 30, 2012 May 30, 2012 pressteamscotland Glasgow’s East End wins £3/4 million GCA boost A project that pays homage to Glasgow’s industrial heritage receives over £800,000 today to create a community hub in the city’s east end that will provide better futures while celebrating the past, thanks to BIG. Announcing the funding totalling £823,508 Big Lottery Fund Scotland Chair, Maureen McGinn, said: “Today’s award will improve the lives of many local people, providing a range of opportunities for moving forward with training and job prospects and positively engaging with the Calton community in which they live, while paying homage to the area’s rich heritage. We are delighted to be funding this project, which demonstrates BIG’s commitment to making a difference.” Thenue Housing Association’s project, Calton Heritage and Learning Centre receives £823,508 from BIG’s Growing Community Assets programme to provide local people with social, learning and training activities at a community space that celebrates the history and industrial legacy of the area. Charlie Turner, Chief Executive of Thenue Housing, said: “This is wonderful news for Calton and Thenue and will be greatly welcomed by our community. Calton has made a great contribution to the City of Glasgow and in the 19th century was a powerhouse of industry and commerce. In particular, Calton was renowned for being the centre of the weaving industry which was crucial to the growth of Glasgow as an industrial city. “Even today local people remain proud of that heritage, which Thenue Housing and our partners believe is worth celebrating and preserving for future generations. We are immensely grateful for this Lottery award to create the Calton Heritage and Learning Centre which will also provide a vital community hub for people living in Calton.” Growing Community Assets national Lottery Good Causes Published by pressteamscotland Communications Officer View all posts by pressteamscotland Previous First Young Start awards Next Village SOS Roadshow 2012: Unlock the potential in your village Hi, I am a 4th year architecture student at Edinburgh University currently researching the Dalmarnock area and the current regeneration scheme. I would be grateful if you could take the time to fill out this short survey in order to find out what locals think of the plans for the area and what could be done to improve them. https://adobeformscentral.com/?f=Oxc0Igql3qgJeUXtbOOMSA Gillian Glachan #PlasticFreeJuly – Top tips for going plastic free this summer Keeping fit with Scotland’s Oldest Woman From addiction to advocacy – my lived experience story UK Blog Northern Ireland Blog Wales Blog	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1061
__label__cc	0.726367	0.273633	Topic: The Northern Myth The NT’s judicial pea and thimble trick. With added “administrative oversight” Notwithstanding my earlier invocation of this affair as an example of the application of the Loftus Rule, i.e. a SNAFU of magnificent proportions, it is now clear we've never seen a shemozzle like this before in the NT or elsewhere. Hopefully we won't ever see its like again ... “A species of contempt heretofore unknown to the law”: Registrar of the Supreme Court (NT) v Nationwide News and Craig Dunlop The lessons for Court administrators? If you are going to bring contempt charges against a journalist and their publisher then you must conduct a proper investigation of the circumstances of publication, in particular who published what, when and on whose authority. While it is unstated in Chief Justice Grant's reasons for judgment—for fairly obvious reasons—the real problems in this case lie with the conduct of the Registrar's case and the apparent lack of any investigation sufficiently thorough enough to gather evidence to meet the standard of proof required by the Court. Has the Mansfield Inquiry into NT political donations been crippled from the start? Foundation 51 has been the subject of intense media attention, and of formal enquiries by both the Australian and the NT electoral commissions and, despite years of digging by the media, NT Labor and others, no smoking gun has been, or is likely to be found. Foundation 51 was deregistered in May 2015. Coming the “sweet prawn” in Palermo: Chips Mackinolty on food, fashion and Dolce & Gabbana Intanto alla Vucciria Chips Mackinolty, street artist australiano, realizza “Dolce & Gamberi”, il dipinto di un abito d’“alta moda” con stampa di cannoli e gamberoni. L’ennesimo omaggio ad una Palermo che, per un lungo weekend, sarà davvero internazionale. “Follow the money, bruss!” A short history of electoral funding in the NT I'll be in Darwin next week for the first phase of my research, focussing on documentary research and getting a few interviews. Drop me a line and we can catch up ... Keith Windschuttle and the Aboriginal sovereignty conspiracy that never was It is unsurprising that Windschuttle—as most of us do—struggles with the complexity of the Native Title Act but the least we can expect is that if he is going to throw up ideas based on the application of that Act it is not unreasonable that he exhibit at least a working comprehension of the operation of the Act and its basic concepts. NT juvenile justice: “a blight on the entire Australian legal system” The debacle that has been exposed in the past two years within the NT juvenile justice system shows quite clearly that by deliberate design and policy Aboriginal children in are treated in a barbarous, inhumane and illegal way. Multiple incidents within the juvenile detention facilities have revealed that the NT Government prosecutes policies against Aboriginal children which include spit-hooding, gassing, hand cuffing, shackling and extensive periods of unlawful solitary confinement. What price for water? Stylo Station sold for $5.5 million. Stylo Station is a modest cattle property near Mataranka in the NT's so-called "never-never" country. Why it is of such interest and controversy is all part of an unfolding tale, with many parts yet to come. Here is the latest ... Daniel’s Law – a bad law gone for good “Mr Deputy Speaker … I seek leave to withdraw Daniel’s Law from the Notice Paper.“ With those few words in the Legislative Assembly of the Northern Territory on the first day of December 2015, NT Attorney-General John Elferink rang the death knell for “Daniel’s Law,” more properly the Sex Offender and Child Homicide Offender Public Website (Daniel’s […] Is the wealth of the North a myth? Xavier Herbert on the North: “The blunny place is always either a desert or a lake,” wrote the Australian author in his novel Capricornia. “Rabbits’ve got more sense than them blowbags that write in the Southern papers.”	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1067
__label__wiki	0.503027	0.503027	Douglas M. Bloomfield The View From Campus Gary Rosenblatt JOFA Blog View From Campus JW Programs Fresh Ink For Teens Write On For Israel JW Food & Wine NY Blueprint How Did They Find Out: ISIS Invading Via Mexico Some Republican candidates in statewide and congressional races this fall are saying they oppose the bipartisan Senate-passed immigration bill because it would open the way for radical Islamists of the Islamic State (ISIS) to invade the United States from the south and bring in the Ebola virus. They want to lock the doors, throw away the keys and build higher fences. Don’t forget the moats and alligators. One of those is Rep. Duncan Hunter (R-California), who warned ISIS could infiltrate the United States through Mexico. In fact, he claimed in a Fox News interview "at least 10 ISIS fighters have been caught coming across the Mexican border in Texas." Tom Cotton, the Republican senate candidate in Arkansas, said ISIS operatives are working with Mexican drug cartels to "infiltrate our defenseless southern border" and attack Arkansas. Maybe they just want to sign up for Obamacare. In any case, the Department of Homeland Security insists there is no evidence to back up any of those claims or that ISIS is operating anywhere near our southern borders. The Washington Post’s Fact Checker gave such charges “Four Pinocchios” for “trying to turn idle speculation into hard facts.” Scott Brown, the former Republican Massachusetts senator who is running in New Hampshire this year, is warning that ISIS is coming across the Rio Grande and bringing Ebola with it. His anti-immigration accuses his Democratic opponent, Sen. Jeanne Shaheen, of being pro-amnesty because she voted for the Senate-passed reform bill last year. How will he explain to that state’s Republican Senator Kelly Ayotte, who also voted for the “amnesty” bill? He may not have to if polls showing him trailing are correct and he doesn’t make it to the Senate next year. In that case, he’ll probably shop around for a third state to run in. Some Republicans are quietly saying that they may have killed immigration reform this year but they can enact a bill next year that will repair relations with Hispanics for the 2016 election. We heard that in the RNC "autopsy" after losing the 2012 elections but they quickly abandoned that goal. Don't look for the next Congress to be any better The biggest threat to Democrats' hopes with Hispanics may come from Barack Obama himself. Many are disillusioned with the President’s failure to keep his promises to act unilaterally on immigration reform in view of GOP blockage on the Hill. He had said he'd act by the end of the summer and now he's saying by the end of the year, but many worry that he will lose his nerve. His indecisiveness on an array of issues is one reason Democrats are in trouble this year. Douglas M. Bloomfield is a syndicated columnist, Washington lobbyist and consultant. He spent nine years as the legislative director and chief lobbyist for AIPAC. For Rare Sea Gate Shul, No Direction Home Lev Gringauz Israel As ‘A Halacha Government’? Joshua Mitnick Israel Issue Takes On Divisive New Tone Stewart Ain Breaking The Comedy Color Barrier Steve Lipman Up To Their ‘Oyern’ In Yiddish Work Sandee Brawarsky An Elegant Writer’s Sephardi Soul From Midtown to the Mideast - We Cover Your World JW Newsletter JWMG © 2019 The Jewish Week, All Rights Reseved	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1070
__label__wiki	0.719588	0.719588	Love, pain, sorrow and hints of infidelity – Shaan Shahid’s Arth 2 is one intense rollercoaster ride By Syeda Fizza Hasan Rizvi Published: December 24, 2017 In my opinion it was a good watch consisting of some eye-catching scenes and acts. PHOTO IMDB Just after the revival of Pakistani cinema, I vowed that I will not miss any Pakistani movie on screen. Since then, I have watched some of the most brilliant movies containing strong messages and some amazing performances. I was just as excited to watch Pakistani movies like I had always been to watch Indian movies. Pakistani cinema was producing movies that finally garnered my interest. Shaan Shahid, a Pakistani actor, writer, model, and now a film director, is quite known to us since ages. Shahid’s career span has now extended for more than two decades while completing almost 500 films with phenomenal acting. He has successfully established himself as being one of the most popular leading actors in Pakistan. Three brilliant movies starring Shahid that I cherished watching were Khuda Ke Liye, Yalghaar and Waar. These movies not only demonstrated his brilliant acting skills but also gave a push-start to revive Pakistani cinema. Although Shahid played a vital role in lifting up the movie business, it was seen how he was now winning the hearts of the new generation. Likewise, when the trailer of Arth 2 released, it felt exciting to now witness Shahid taking on a new role towards a romantic storyline. What got my attention more was the news of Mahesh Bhatt calling up Shan to remake the Pakistani version of his Bollywood movie, Arth. Shahid’s direction alongside Rahat Fateh Ali Khan’s vocals and the beautiful visuals seemed intense to me. I was excited for the movie and wanted to see what and how Shahid would translate it as. I was there to watch the show on the very second day of release. The cast and story seemed as exciting as the idea of having to see the first remake of a Bollywood movie in Pakistan. The movie begins with a breakdown in a struggling musician’s marriage, Ali (Shahid), who plans to move back to Pakistan from UK. He luckily finds Uzma (Uzma Hassan), who herself was on the verge of a breakdown in her marriage with her filmmaker husband Farhan (Mohib Mirza). Uzma is Ali’s fan and wants to save his dying music career. In the midst of all this, the two deepen their relationship and become quite close to one another, given the similar circumstances both are facing in their lives. Uzma’s husband, Farhan, gets a chance to work with superstar Humaima (Humaina Malick). Farhan and Humaima’s relationship is darker and causes them a great deal of emotional turmoil. The movie talks about love, pain, sorrow and hints of infidelity. All in all, the movie itself is one emotional rollercoaster ride where you will feel everything the characters feel and will be too attached to them by the end of the movie. Despite a few setbacks, Shahid successfully got the music right, giving us more than a few memorable songs. Sahir Ali Bagga has never been in a better form than he’s seen in Arth 2. I salute the efforts made by Shahid to redirect an already successful Bollywood movie into a Pakistani version, highlighting the narrative in a local, relatable manner. We need to realise that Pakistani movies and story lines cannot yet be compared to Bollywood; it will take time for us to reach to that level since we are still new. Regardless, they still did an absolute fantastic job! As Shahid brilliantly explains, “Arth is the first film with the DNA of an Indian story to be set in Pakistan. If we want to strengthen film trade between our countries, Arth’s model is a great way of collaborating.” A huge shoutout to Hassan, whose performance, I believe, was the best amongst all the actors. People should definitely see this movie because not only will this help further revival of Pakistani cinema, but also because it is an entertaining watch and will be worth your time. All Photos: Screenshots Comments Print Email The author is a graduate from the Indus Valley School of Art and Architecture. Writing has always been her passion. The #PadManBan is another example of Pakistan making the country a “comfortable” place for men, not its women Justin Trudeau celebrating Ramazan in Canada is praiseworthy, but PIA celebrating Christmas in Pakistan is appalling? In Pakistan, rape might go unpunished, but a movie on rape cannot	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1071
__label__wiki	0.529547	0.529547	A&AA Blog (Archive) Story archive for the School of Architecture and Allied Arts Tag: Portland State University UO Department of Art Collaborates with PSU Art Department \| MFA Students Experience a ‘Best of Both Worlds’ Partnership Posted on March 1, 2013 by Sabina Poole UO MFA Students and UO Art Department faculty member, Anya Kivarkis, visit with PSU MFA student, Will Bryant (talking in middle) in his studio at PSU's Art Department. … [Through] this exchange. . . . we get to deliberately recognize the shared connections, conceptually and regionally -as well as the differences between the departments. I think the various Graduate Schools in the region have been having a real impact on the nature of the regional art scene – alumni have been actively exhibiting and teaching, and all the departments have been sponsoring exciting events and bringing in interesting guest lecturers -I think this energy has been helping shape the current state of the environment; something that seems to me to be getting more engaging daily. By bringing these departments together for dialogue we’re both highlighting the energy that is already there, but also helping foster the future art environment that many of the participants will be a part of. –PSU Department of Art faculty instructor, Sean Regan on the 2013 PSU UO MFA exchange “Escape the Mundane….Find the sublime in the mundane,” delivered with a calm, matter-of-fact tone, thus began Portland State University MFA candidate, Steve Brown. He spoke facing his projector with a group of people clustered and sitting on the floor in front of him filling the small space of the studio. As he gestured and talked, clicking through projected images of anonymous human forms draped in medievalesque-hooded capes, tights and pointy slippers who cavorted on surfaces such as moss and Asian grass jello, he informed us of his use of color, interest in Queen Anne style architecture and materials such as the grass jello (“It’s firm, holds its shape, and plays beautifully with light,” Brown assured us—he even carves it with a sculpting knife.). Addressing his self-professed identity and muse as a “white man record collector,” Brown advised his congregation to carefully consider the “fine line between proselytizing and being more into aesthetics.” Will and I were up first for visits, at 9:00 and 9:30am. I met him on the way to the closet where our dying projectors live. “I think there are only about 5 of them (students and professors)” he said. It turned out there were a whole lot more than five people packed into my studio an hour later. What I thought was going to be meeting to organize the Ditch show turned out to be a full-on studio visit-slash-crique[sic]. I really appreciated all the thoughtful feedback. It’s what I came to grad school for. I’m looking forward to seeing what my new-found peers are up to in Eugene. –Portland State University MFA student, Steve Brown later describes the morning of February 22, when he and his PSU MFA cohort, Will Bryant would be the first PSU students to be involved in the exchange. On this day, February 22, Brown’s audience consisted of, as he depicts “a whole lot more…than five” MFA graduate students from UO Department of Art, on-site here in his PSU art studio to engage in a critique-exchange between a core group of students enrolled in the two universities’ MFA programs. There were, in fact, 12 MFA UO students participating. As Brown continued, his admittedly magenta-obsessed canvases hanging from white, sheet-rocked walls of his cozy studio space, students experienced a ‘best of both worlds’ collaboration. It was a chance to learn of each other’s method and progression, to offer suggestions, thoughts and reactions, and to, potentially, forge partnerships between the students and future work. At first, the stationary audience remained relatively quiet, politely tentative, the soothing warm hum of the projector’s fan the loudest sound in the room. They were, after all, in someone else’s sacred and personal space–the studio of an artist where process and practice, experimentation and the personal determination to create, respond and react flows and weaves in a confluence of the unpredictable, exploratory and innovative mind of the emerging artist. Revealing work not yet completed can be a daunting task possibly leaving one open to on-the-spot criticism, questioning and explanation. Talking about that work with an unfamiliar audience requires a certain learned boldness, and a willingness to be receptive to query and suggestion. One might say, this is the role of the student-artist—remaining open and hospitable to comment and receptive to recommendation while retaining a willingness to adopt and adapt. The critique process is still just that—a critique and anything to make the procedure more friendly, more helpful and more constructive eases the tension and smooths the experience towards a fully-realized, finished work. PSU MFA Student Steve Brown talks to UO MFA students about his work during the winter 2013 MFA studio visit exchange. These visits presented an opportunity: a chance to be heard and appreciated by one’s own cohorts, by those so close to the ethic and the ethos they could respond with uniquely honest, unveiled commentary. UO MFA student, Ben Lenoir commented that the studio exchange was “an interesting opportunity to see what another program is like and what is to be discovered in a different place.” Lenoir explained that, for him, these “conversations with peers outside of ‘the situation’ give a confirmation from another person, and provide connections that are similar but removed.” When Brown finished his presentation, and waited patiently for feedback, UO MFA student, Morgan Rosskopf, interrupted the projector’s pacifying whir and began the discussion asking in a delightfully unconstrained way, what we all wanted to know: “Why are you dancing in the grass jello in tights?” A few self-conscious giggles, from both audience and artist, ended what might have become an awkward silence. It was a simple, practical question, intrepid in its scope but the conversation was started that Rosskopf would later define with a bluntly honest, “It was great, just great!” In the words of Lenoir, these visits connected the students to an ability to realize they are “not doing this alone or by [themselves].” The experience was “invigorating and gave [Lenoir] a chance to be in another place where [he] could experience the work of other students,” he elaborated. With Rosskopf’s “why” the floodgates of enthusiastic inquiry were essentially thrown open: the intention and possibility of the studio visit suddenly becoming apparent. UO instructor, Jack Ryan would later describe it as having a “freshness” and as imparting an opportunity to “nurture the closeness of looking at each other’s work and a time to savor the experience.” This was a time to ask questions, become familiar with each other’s work and philosophy; this was a chance to reach out and understand, to unleash a creative mind and deepen and enhance learning. The comments and questions kept flowing after the initial ice was broken…so much so that after each presentation, students had to be reminded it was time to move on to the next visit. It soon became apparent connections were being made, productive friendships based in shared artistic theory were being forged, and the engagement provided by the studio visits \| student interaction could possibly translate into work being effected. At the end of the studio visit with PSU MFA candidate Will Bryant, the enthusiasm to collaborate on a shared art project prompted Bryant to reveal, “the thought behind [these works] is more about the collaborative process.” Evidently thoroughly enjoying the experience, he continued, asking “how much fun is too much fun?” exposing the drive to frame a practice in mutually beneficial and inspiring partnerships. By the end of his presentation, Bryant was offering to “make a small piece of someone else’s work…” as an expression both performative, and transformative, warmly blanketed in cooperation. Several students seemed eager to explore this provocative opportunity. As the day continued, what could have been a sort of jury-of-your-peers subjugation, was, without a doubt, a meeting of like minds, receptive communication and shared conversation: providing the impetus of something more to come. PSU MFA student Mami Takahashi talks to UO MFA students, see next photo below, as they watch her explain her work. PHoto shows the view opposite Mami Takahashi (see previous photo above) as she addresses the UO MFA students during their visit to her studio. The UO \| PSU MFA student studio visits and collaboration are at the suggestion of University of Oregon School of Architecture and Allied Arts Department of Art associate professor, Jack Ryan and Portland State University College of the Arts: School of Art + Design faculty member, Sean Regan. Over a year in the planning, the studio visit collaboration came to fruition on February 22 when Jack Ryan brought 12 UO MFA students to PSU to initiate the partnership. Also participating is Anya Kivarkis’ UO graduate colloquium. Ryan and Regan hope that what took place on on Friday at PSU’s Art Building will become a yearly event for the UO graduate populations. UO MFA students listen to PSU MFA student, Isaac Weiss explain his work and process during a studio visit. According to Ryan, “these studio visits will help inform student’s decisions on their prospective exhibitions.” And, as a result of this collaboration UO Department of Art is “hosting PSU at Ditch Projects in [Springfield]” for a Friday, March 8th opening from 6:00p.m. to 9:00 p.m. On Saturday, March 9th the PSU students will be visiting UO MFA candidates’ studios on the Eugene campus. PSU will follow by curating and hosting an exhibition of UO MFA candidates’ work on Saturday, May 4th (opening 6:00 p.m. to 9:00 p.m.) at the White Box in the White Stag Block at the UO in Portland. The White Box exhibition will run from April 29 to May 4. Ryan and Regan are longtime friends and colleagues who have collaborated together previously (“Jack has visited our department before and taken part in group critiques, as I have down at the University of Oregon,” says Regan). Regan, the PSU art instructor explains, “I think in both our trips [to each other’s respective universities]….our perceptions about the level of the work coming from the graduate students in the region were pleasantly confirmed.” Regan went on to comment, “That’s one of the best aspects of this exchange; through it we get to deliberately recognize the shared connections, conceptually and regionally—as well as the differences between the departments. “ The natural consequence of this commitment to the work and the students’ experience in the program, led to a determination to establish the studio visits on a more permanent basis. After the Friday visits, Regan commented, “If I was to try to put to words something about the experience I might say that it sure is great when you can have your experiences refracted through so many other perspectives; having the UofO’s students visit provided new facets for reflection. Its always an opening experience to see through so many other eyes. This is the intended process of visual critique environment and having the UofO students along for an intensive tour really gave us the opportunity to amplify and reach that level of critique and self-reflection. Their perspectives were insightful, clear and articulate, and, I think, will help the PSU students expand the scope of their intended audience: what more could you ask for?” Calling the PSU \| UO exchange, “a success, an enormous success,” in a recent interview Ryan spoke of the importance and the uniqueness of the graduate school experience and how opportunities such as these studio visits contribute to the sense that “graduate school is a time that will never be repeated, in the middle of this educational experience to be able to craft a special exchange like these visits is to give the MFA students a once-in-a-lifetime adventure that heightens the awareness of the MFA.” Ryan continued, “it is a privilege of the time to help focus the MFA candidates in the present and to be able to look with care on the work of others to create a community.” The collaboration brought about a direct dialogue between the PSU and the UO students who are getting to work together and perhaps influence and enrich each other’s work, process and practice. Giving the MFA students opportunity to explore and question each other’s work in a productive and shared environment can contribute to a source of communication, meaning and perspective shedding new light on their practice and strengthening their educational experience. With the cooperation of a forward-thinking and insightful administration committed to and willing to believe in its instructors and their proposals, Ryan and Regan have successfully led a collaboration that broadens their students’ educational experience and immerses them in a vibrant community of regionally-based art and creativity offering to their students the chance to dream more, learn more, do more and become more(1)…. Having the foresight and the sense of collaboration and cooperation to frame an art exhibit that contributes to the well-rounded education of an institutions’ students stands to benefit all involved…. University of Oregon MFA Students involved in this collaboration are. . .Sarah Nance, Alexander S Keyes, Benjamin A Lenoir, Farhad Bahram, John P Whitten, Katherine D Spinella, Morgan L Rosskopf, Nika Kaiser, Samantha E Cohen, Bryan M. Putnam, Emily D. Crabtree, Robert C. Beam The Portland State University MFA students involved in this collaboration are, Mami Takahashi, Steve Brown, Will Bryant, Rene Allen, Leif Jacob Anderson, Mark Martinez, Wesley Petersen, Perry Doane, Kaila Farrell-Smith, Ernest Wedoff, Kathryn Yancey, and Isaac Weiss. (1)If your actions inspire others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader. —John Quincy Adams On left, UO's Morgan Rosskopf and, on right, Nika Kaiser. Posted in Art, Art History, Benedict Youngman, Collaborations, Digital Arts, Events, Portland, UncategorizedTagged Art, collaboration, community, culture, exhibition, interdisciplinary, partnership, Portland, Portland State University, PSU, School of Architecture and Allied Arts, studio, UO MFALeave a comment	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1072
__label__wiki	0.621221	0.621221	Forums > Community Hub > Introductions > Typh (sonicaliman)'s Intro Discussion in 'Introductions' started by Typh, Apr 15, 2019. Typh Helper Helper Some may recognize me from PreRetro Craftyn under the user SonicAliMan. I was a post-flash player, having joined late December 2013. My cousin, s0uX, told me about Craftyn when it was pre-flash period (Summer 2013) but I chose to play single player until I felt I was comfortable with Minecraft. I still go by that user, but if I could I'd change it to Typh but then people wouldn't recognize me . Most just call me Sonic, after all, part of the inspiration for that user was the blue blur himself. My name is Ali, pronounced the way it is in the Prince Ali song from Disney's Aladdin, that should be easy to remember. Anyway, I am 20 years old, a CS major thinking to go into Software Development though I am giving myself more time to think about which path to take. I love playing Nintendo games, classic Sonic games for the Sega Genesis, Mega Man, and more! My first video game was Pokemon Gold in first grade and the Pokemon series has stuck with me since. I don't really play any of the 3ds Pokemon games but anything before that I've probably played . If you're interested to see a full list of games I've played feel free to go through the attachment I linked below. I enjoy spending time with buddies outside of classes mostly during the summer, we've had several sessions dedicated to playing games at my place. It's always fun, there'd be food and drinks, giggles, friendly beef, just a great time overall ! I allocate a lot of time into improving in Nintendo's 2001 classic: Super Smash Bros. Melee. I'm surprised my hands still function after rigorous training since late 2015 . I love watching competitive Melee, but I've played all the Smash Bros. titles (Smash 4 being the least interesting from personal experience) and I have access to all of them, been a smash bros fan since a little before Super Smash Bros. Brawl came out in 2008. Random Fun Facts I chose the username SonicAliMan while I was at my best bud's home around freshman year of high school. It was the day before he had to move out, we happened to play Minecraft Pocket Edition and SonicAliMan was the best thing I could come up with. I considered just AliMan but it didn't sound right to me at the time. Super Smash Brothers Melee was the first Smash Bros. game I ever played, despite playing Brawl most of my childhood, but I was in fourth grade and had no idea what was going on while at a friend's house. My first match was playing as Kirby on Hyrule Temple . I didn't own a Smash Bros. game until freshman year of HS, it was Brawl, and I was playing that a friend's house prior to me buying it. I have an older sister and a younger sister, and a younger brother! . games list.txt Typh, Apr 15, 2019 Winner x 3	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1077
__label__wiki	0.56097	0.56097	Feedback archive → Feedback 2002 Some thermodynamics criticisms — and answers This week’s feedback is from Jonathan Sherwood of the USA, who gave permission for his full name to be used. In itself, the letter is not particularly negative, just some questions about the article Evolution, Creation, and Thermodynamics by Dr Carl Wieland on our website. But it wasn’t too hard to find out that Mr Sherwood is apparently a fervently anti-creationist science writer who has accused creationists of ‘misstating scientific principles such as the second law of thermodynamics’. We almost invariably find such charges come from people who have a quite amateurish understanding of the topic, but who might have some expertise in other fields such as biology or geology. So too it was here, where the issue has long since been answered, but it is still bandied around by anti-creationists. The letter is printed below, then reprinted with a point-by-point response on Dr Wieland’s behalf by Dr Jonathan Sarfati, whose Ph.D. is in physical chemistry, of which thermodynamics is an important part. [Ed. note: Subsequently, Mr Sherwood responded to one of Dr Sarfati’s thermodynamics articles, and Dr Sarfati replied — see Round 2] In the Beginning was Information by Dr Werner Gitt What does the migratory flight of the golden plover have in common with a postcard? What is the common factor between a computer program and hieroglyphics? And what property is shared between the processes taking place in living cells and the message of the Bible? The distinctive common quality in all these cases is information. In this book the current materialistic representations of information are criticized, and a new model for the origin of life is derived. (High School–Adult) 256 pages. This note is for Dr Wieland regarding the article ‘Evolution, Creation, and Thermodynamics’. Dr Wieland, You said in your article: ‘We see that it takes machines to make machines — it takes ordered systems to produce ordered systems.’ Given that the evaporation and redistribution of ocean water on the planet is certainly an ordered system, how is this not an example of a system that did not need an ordered system to produce it? Second, you said: ‘A crystal of ice, for example, carries no more information than a single water molecule. The formation of a crystal involves molecules assuming a rigidly predetermined pattern — there is no growth in information or complexity, and again there is a pre-existing “code”.’ You’re suggesting here that crystals have a natural property that makes them align, and that life uses designed properties. How do you distinguish between a property that is natural and one that is designed? Thank you, Jonathan [Sherwood] This article is over 20 years old. It doesn’t mean it’s wrong, but that many of the usual anti-creationist canards about thermodynamics became popular only after major books were published in the early 1980s, so were answered in later articles on the site. Really, you should have checked these as well, under Q&A: Thermodynamics. That’s Dr Wieland, thanx. Here is a case in point about targeting an old article. A major book refuting chemical evolution came out a few years after this, The Mystery of Life’s Origin (1984). This book distinguishes order and specified complexity, reserving the former for low-information structures such as crystals and the latter for the high-information structures such as those in living things—note the online chapters available. The difference is also explained at The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Answers to Critics: Question 2: What about crystals? But at the time of writing, ‘order’ was being used in a well-understood way to refer to both, as even the above quoted portion indicates. The above book even addresses systems like the above and Prigogine’s examples, mainly pointing out that such ordered (in the current way the term is used) systems have nothing to do with the specified complexity of life. Neither do they have anything to do with machines, which is what the above quote was about. Also, there is actually order to produce order, in one sense. For any convection system, there are certain important boundary conditions, e.g. a definite order of heat source — intermediate systems — sink. Such boundary conditions do introduce information content — in this case, specifying a lowering of symmetry by introducing a preferred direction compared with an isotropic system with no dissymmetry. This is an application of the [Pierre] Curie symmetry principle, that an effect cannot have a dissymmetry absent from its efficient cause. Again, we now discuss this in terms of information. But a roughly equivalent formulation was discussed in the article you cite: break a crystal and you just get smaller crystals; break a protein and you don’t simply get a smaller protein, rather you lose the function completely. This is the equivalent of saying that the crystal has low information content that is simply repeated, while the protein molecule can’t be constructed simply by repetition, because there is no chemical tendency for amino acids to align in specific ways during polymerization. Those who manufacture proteins know that they have to add one amino acid at a time, and each addition has about 90 chemical steps involved. Jonathan [Sherwood] If, after studying the other articles under Q&A: Thermodynamics, you have any further questions, feel free to ask. Jonathan Sarfati, Ph.D. Chemicals to Living Cell: Fantasy or Science? DVD by Dr Jonathan D. Sarfati See how ‘goo-to-you’ evolution is refuted right at the start! In this fascinating illustrated lecture, a Ph.D. chemist shows how the laws of real chemistry prevent non-living chemicals from arranging themselves into living cells. Self-reproducing cells have far more complexity than Darwin imagined. World winding down -- an interview with Dr Carl Wieland Chemicals to Living Cell	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1080
__label__cc	0.568702	0.431298	Querying Semi-Structured Data by Serge Abiteboul , 1997 Querying object-oriented databases by Michael Kifer, Won Kim, Yehoshua Sagiv - ACM SIGMOD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT OF DATA , 1992 "... We present a novel language for querying object-oriented databases. The language is built around the idea of extended path expressions that substantially generalize [ZAN83], and on an adaptation of the first-order formalization of object-oriented languages from [KW89, KLW90, KW92]. The language inco ..." We present a novel language for querying object-oriented databases. The language is built around the idea of extended path expressions that substantially generalize [ZAN83], and on an adaptation of the first-order formalization of object-oriented languages from [KW89, KLW90, KW92]. The language The Lorel Query Language for Semistructured Data by Serge Abiteboul, Dallan Quass, Jason Mchugh, Jennifer Widom, Janet Wiener - International Journal on Digital Libraries , 1997 "... We present the Lorel language, designed for querying semistructured data. Semistructured data is becoming more and more prevalent, e.g., in structured documents such as HTML and when performing simple integration of data from multiple sources. Traditional data models and query languages are inapprop ..." We present the Lorel language, designed for querying semistructured data. Semistructured data is becoming more and more prevalent, e.g., in structured documents such as HTML and when performing simple integration of data from multiple sources. Traditional data models and query languages An Efficient Boosting Algorithm for Combining Preferences by Raj Dharmarajan Iyer , Jr. , 1999 "... The problem of combining preferences arises in several applications, such as combining the results of different search engines. This work describes an efficient algorithm for combining multiple preferences. We first give a formal framework for the problem. We then describe and analyze a new boosting ..." The problem of combining preferences arises in several applications, such as combining the results of different search engines. This work describes an efficient algorithm for combining multiple preferences. We first give a formal framework for the problem. We then describe and analyze a new Tinydb: An acquisitional query processing system for sensor networks by Samuel R. Madden, Michael J. Franklin, Joseph M. Hellerstein, Wei Hong - ACM Trans. Database Syst , 2005 "... We discuss the design of an acquisitional query processor for data collection in sensor networks. Acquisitional issues are those that pertain to where, when, and how often data is physically acquired (sampled) and delivered to query processing operators. By focusing on the locations and costs of acq ..." of acquiring data, we are able to significantly reduce power consumption over traditional passive systems that assume the a priori existence of data. We discuss simple extensions to SQL for controlling data acquisition, and show how acquisitional issues influence query optimization, dissemination Efficient and Effective Querying by Image Content by C. Faloutsos, W. Equitz, M. Flickner, W. Niblack, D. Petkovic, R. Barber - Journal of Intelligent Information Systems , 1994 "... In the QBIC (Query By Image Content) project we are studying methods to query large on-line image databases using the images' content as the basis of the queries. Examples of the content we use include color, texture, and shape of image objects and regions. Potential applications include med ..." In the QBIC (Query By Image Content) project we are studying methods to query large on-line image databases using the images' content as the basis of the queries. Examples of the content we use include color, texture, and shape of image objects and regions. Potential applications include by 200-300 of the largest singular vectors are then matched against user queries. We call this retrieval method Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) because the subspace represents important associative relationships between terms and documents that are not evident in individual documents. LSI is a completely Sesame: A Generic Architecture for Storing and Querying RDF and RDF Schema by Jeen Broekstra, Arjohn Kampman, Frank Van Harmelen , 2002 "... RDF and RDF Schema are two W3C standards aimed at enriching the Web with machine-processable semantic data. ..." RDF and RDF Schema are two W3C standards aimed at enriching the Web with machine-processable semantic data. NiagaraCQ: A Scalable Continuous Query System for Internet Databases by Jianjun Chen, David J. Dewitt, Feng Tian, Yuan Wang - In SIGMOD , 2000 "... Continuous queries are persistent queries that allow users to receive new results when they become available. While continuous query systems can transform a passive web into an active environment, they need to be able to support millions of queries due to the scale of the Internet. No existing syste ..." . Furthermore, grouping on selection predicates can eliminate a large number of unnecessary query invocations. Our grouping technique is distinguished from previous group optimization approaches in the following ways. First, we use an incremental group optimization strategy with dynamic re-grouping. New queries An Extended Set of Fortran Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms by Jack J. Dongarra, Jeremy Du Croz, Sven Hammarling, Richard J. Hanson - ACM TRANSACTIONS ON MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE , 1986 "... This paper describes an extension to the set of Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms. The extensions are targeted at matrix-vector operations which should provide for efficient and portable implementations of algorithms for high performance computers. ..." This paper describes an extension to the set of Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms. The extensions are targeted at matrix-vector operations which should provide for efficient and portable implementations of algorithms for high performance computers.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1096
__label__wiki	0.516565	0.516565	UFC 239 to be shown on BT Sport Box Office iwilleatthisrouter Re: UFC 239 to be shown on BT Sport Box Office Thanks Moe. For the larger cards I either record and get up at 4.30 to watch, or just enforce a social media ban and watch the next night. That gets harder and harder each year though, never thought I'd pine for Bravo's coverage :D. As you say, hopefully the majority do not cave in, 239 achieves 12 PPV buys and we can all put this sorry mess behind us. garybs29 You can record the box office events on BT TV (can waych for 7 days afterwards) & Sky if you have Sky+ and buy vua the remote. All this is in the FAQs om the bt sport box office website MoeSzyslak Yeah, they did promise and make it sound like we'd be getting UFC the same as normal when they got the deal back from Eleven Sports which a lot of people signed back up to BT Sport under the impression of this which is also where I see a lot of upset has been cause they've gone against that. Yeah, if people buy it and support it it's just encouraging them to do it more often. I know what you mean about the social media thing, it comes up everywhere when you don't expect it. I'll open Youtube not realising that cause I've watched a lot of UFC video's new video's will come up in the feed as a suggestion with the results, Instagram the first video that'll pop up at the top is some octagon interview or something, it's everywhere so I do try to keep off it but I have at times opened things up, not thinking due to a notification or something and then quickly had to swipe off lol I really do hope BT Sport rectify this though, as I say despite this I do feel BT Sport are the best sport channel out there simply because of the UFC thing for me (I'm not interested in all the other stuff they have, I don't mind the odd boxing events and can get into that but it's UFC that I have BT Sport for really). They're actually hurting themselves by doing this. As Gary confirmed you can record on certain platforms then. I have no idea as they've still not even updated Box Office on my platform yet which is another annoying thing because I would purchase some of their boxing events too and support them, simply due to how good they are with bringing us the UFC. As I say, I don't mind a bit of boxing but it's not the reason I have BT Sport for, it's UFC but I don't mind a bit of it and I would buy some of those events and have fight nights etc.. or watch them myself. They're just losing money all round really. StewM Could BT be on a sticky wicket here. When you sign up for BT Sport from the webpage it says UFC available, but I can’t see any reference to the fact that certain fights will be on the Box Office - subject to additional charge! Even those, like me, who have BT Sports included within their package, the offer of BT Sports is diluted because they/we need to pay more to get the full BT Sports package. Or have they covered this somewhere? Part of me thinks this is just a test of the waters with the Khabib fight in mind to see if they can get away with it as I can see them wanting to put it on box office too Seangrant123 Aspiring Contributor Agree with the above poster. This reaction will be exactly same for khabib as it's been for Jones. itll be exact same backlash. All that's gonna change between now and then Is hopefully number of buys they get for 239 is really low and they might have a rethink. fingers crossed. That's exactly it Gary, if people buy it, they'll do it again, if they don't, they won't. They're actually losing subscribers over this so not only are they not selling the PPV but people are cancelling all over from what I can see which is a shame but it's understandable. There's a petition going round in regards to it too, again, I don't want to link it because I don't want to break any forum rules and I've already had a couple of posts edited due to linking a Youtube video, however if you browse Youtube and search "BT Sport Box Office UFC", you should be able to find it and have a browse, the guys in the video cover it and they're pretty much spot on really as it's damaging to the sport too, as well as BT Sport who have been really good up until now with bringing us the UFC which we were all really, really happy about. I just hope BT Sport can rectify this cause we were all made up when they got the UFC back after the Eleven Sports thankfully fell through. If this article appears to be correct, that’s an extra £80 per year for the UFC fan. What next? Moto GP, Premier League? Just reading this now Stew, thanks for linking this! I knew this was a BT Sport thing all along, as mentioned previously they get their licence from the UFC to broadcast it and how they broadcast it and make their money is down to them, it's really just BT Sport testing the waters here to see how much money they can make off the back of it. This part here in the article. "Fight fans in the UK and Ireland have all been asking themselves the same question since BT Sport’s unpopular announcement: How many pay-per-view events will be on box office? That figure, according to Shaw, will be entirely down to BT Sport. "Ultimately this is going to come down to how BT wants to pursue this right that they've got," he said." They really are just seeing how much money they can make off this. I wouldn't mind so much if: 1. The PPV's were on at a reasonable hour. 2. The PPV's were able to be recorded and kept the same way we can normally with our TV boxes. 3. They actually had the BT Sport Box Office channel available for EVERY BT Sport subscriber - This one p*sses me off the most!! They've released this Box Office channel yet haven't updated or catered to ALL of their subscribers on various platforms which is bang out of order!! They want to sell the PPV's but don't make it accessible for everyone and then complain when they have low sales or hear about people streaming, they need to at least cater for everyone and they don't. The channel is missing and not even updated for their subscribers on the Plusnet/Youview platform, there's NO Smart TV app, NO PS4 app, NO Now TV app, NO Xbox app, it's actually pretty bad the way it's distributed too which really annoys me as I've been banging on about this to them since August last year (when this Box Office channel was first announced) to get this sorted on the various platforms but all I get is "Put a post on the forum". I've literally made LOADS of phone calls and emails to Plusnet, BT and Youview in regards to this but all I get is the above and have been told by all of them on numerous occasions it can easily be done but they've just got to do it (in other words create a buzz on the forum then we'll do it). No, why don't BT and Plusnet talk and get it sorted rather than getting the customers to do it and bang their head against a wall with frustration. Why is the customers having to do this and beg for this simply so they can have their custom cause honestly, although I'm not the biggest boxing fan, I wouldn't mind supporting them and buying a few boxing events from them but it's not even possible for me (and when they start banging on about Chromecasts this annoys me more so as it's not beneficial for me and again, the customer shouldn't have to do this, just make it accessible). Honestly, as great as BT Sport are they've REALLY let themselves down with this whole BT Sport Box Office situation. Their distribution is bad and not covered properly (which they shouldn't have launched it until they had ALL bases covered so all their subscribers can access it and have the opportunity to buy events). Honestly, the only way I can describe it is it's like having a film (the build up) and not being able to access the end scene (the fights), it's ridiculous!! I wish they would get on to getting this sorted and out there more and in regards to this Box Office situation, many fans have felt as though they've been duped into a contract under the impression they would get UFC as normal with their BT Sport package when the Eleven Sports deal fell through, so many customers feel mislead which I can understand, it's like they've just randomly decided this and trying to see how much money they can make off it. It makes no sense to me as it's driving away people from the sport and hurting the UFC (as they can't see the best fights), it's driving people to stream or not watch it at all and it's driving people away from BT Sport who have become greedy with this to try and make as much money as possible meaning fans are cancelling their contracts and finding other ways to access the events much easier for them, I can understand that completely to be honest. Me personally, if the events are on at a reasonable time, I don't mind buying the odd PPV event as long as they don't do it TOO MUCH, I do feel supporting them with the odd PPV buy is fine and a thank you to them for bringing us such great coverage of the UFC (which they have) but .... MAKE THE CHANNEL EASILY ACCESSIBLE FIRST BEFORE TAKING IT AWAY FROM US. Because as of now, that's what they are doing and then they're complaining when people don't buy the events or go to streams or whatever to watch it some other way. They need to sort this out otherwise they really are going to be their own downfall (if they haven't already). Thanks for sharing that Stew 🙂	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1100
__label__cc	0.540752	0.459248	Seven Minutes with North Carolina State's Pete Renda By Andy Hamilton, Trackwrestling, 12/20/17, 12:00PM CST The North Carolina State senior is ranked third nationally at 184 pounds This is the 44th installment of Seven Minutes. It's a series of interviews with college wrestling's top stars. Most of the question-and-answer sessions last roughly seven minutes. Hence the name. North Carolina State senior Pete Renda is ranked third nationally at 184 pounds after placing third as a junior at the NCAA Championships. Let’s say wrestling has one governing body and you’re the president, what would you want to change? I’d try to make it where there’s more points scored and let guys take risks, more like freestyle and maybe add an exposure rule — something closer to the freestyle rules at all levels. Take me through your pre-match preparation: What’s the typical size of a last-minute weight cut for you? What do you put in your body after you step on the scale? What do you have pumping through your headphones during your warm-up? The day of I try to take it pretty easy with my warm-up, so I want to be pretty close to weight coming in the day of the match and then I’ll lose the last three or four pounds the hour before just doing normal wrestling. Once I weigh in, I like to stay relaxed. I stay off my feet until the last 15 minutes or so before my match and then I like listen to music and not get too pumped up, so I’m not over-excited walking onto the mat. I like oatmeal (after weigh-ins) and anything easy on the stomach — a lot of granola bars, power bars, stuff like that. What’s the last thing you tell yourself before you set your foot on the line? My mantra last year was just keep scoring the next point. That’s something I always try to go back to in a match when it gets real close and things start getting fired up. I just think back to scoring the next point and taking it one point at a time. What’s one thing your coach yells that you can hear every time? I don’t hear a lot during my matches. Mainly, when we go out of bounds and he screams and it’s always something positive — get back in there, you’ve got this. But during my wrestling, I don’t hear much at all. What’s the strangest thing that’s ever gone through your mind during a match? This might not be crazy, but sometimes during a match I’ll be thinking about what I’m going to eat to enjoy this post-match. Who’s one guy you’ve wrestled in college that you enjoy scrapping against and why? I guess (Virginia Tech’s) Zack Zavatsky because we’re both in the ACC and we’ve wrestled a couple times in high school and now in college and we’ve got a little rivalry going on. We’ve split 1-1 in college and it’s always a close match and there’s a lot of scoring and scrambling. If you could go back and re-wrestle any match, which would it be and why? I’d say my semifinal match at nationals (in 2016) when I wrestled Gabe Dean just because it was one of those matches where I walked into the match and had a little bit too much respect for him and I don’t think I wrestled to my potential. What’s the most interesting about you that has nothing to do with wrestling? I really like reading. I read a lot of non-fiction. I’ve been reading a lot of Malcolm Gladwell books and an econ book right now. What’s your greatest fear? Definitely the fear of heights. About Trackwrestling Trackwrestling.com began as an effort to help tournament managers seed wrestling events, but has since grown to do so much more. Whatever your tournament type, open or pre-defined, freestyle or greco, line bracketing or vertical pairing, youth to collegiate, Trackwrestling can be tailored to meet your needs. Other Articles by Trackwrestling Legally-Blind Alabama State Champ’s Title Ride Was ‘Just Short of Miraculous’ By Andy Hamilton, TrackWrestling 02/22/2019, 12:00pm CST A Story of Good People Helping a Good Kid in Need By Nick Corey, TrackWrestling 01/08/2019, 12:00pm CST Caring teachers, coaches and an anonymous donor all part of wrestler Donnie Wilson's success story Wrestler Making Stunning Recovery from Brain Injury By Trackwrestling 01/07/2019, 5:15pm CST Richard Perry: 'I've been blessed with the attitude to overcome' Tag(s): Wrestling NC Trackwrestling	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1103
__label__wiki	0.602663	0.602663	Items Lady and potted plant Lady and potted plant Kubo, Shunman, 1757-1820 Charles Stewart Smith collection of Japanese prints Kubo, Shunman, 1757-1820 (Printmaker) Shelf locator: 114281 Acquisition: Charles Stewart Smith Collection Citation/reference: Album XXII, Brinkley 1106 TMS ID: 395788 TMS Object Number: 114281 Universal Unique Identifier (UUID): e647e910-800f-0133-27c3-00505686a51c The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Print Collection, The New York Public Library. "Lady and potted plant" The New York Public Library Digital Collections. 1801 - 1825. http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/d7e7b9f0-a628-0135-8447-6d4d6c877e70 The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Print Collection, The New York Public Library. "Lady and potted plant" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed July 19, 2019. http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/d7e7b9f0-a628-0135-8447-6d4d6c877e70 The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Print Collection, The New York Public Library. (1801 - 1825). Lady and potted plant Retrieved from http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/d7e7b9f0-a628-0135-8447-6d4d6c877e70 <ref name=NYPL>{{cite web \| url=http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/d7e7b9f0-a628-0135-8447-6d4d6c877e70 \| title= (still image) Lady and potted plant, (1801 - 1825) }} \|author=Digital Collections, The New York Public Library \|accessdate=July 19, 2019 \|publisher=The New York Public Library, Astor, Lennox, and Tilden Foundation}}</ref>	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1107
__label__cc	0.613951	0.386049	Allward & Gouinlock Architects Inc. fonds Architectural plans of university buildings including architectural, structural, mechanical, electrical and design drawings. Buildings include: Mechanical Engineering Building, the School of Nursing, Dentistry Building, Lash Miller Chemistry Buil... Allward and Gouinlock Architects Inc. British Association for the Advancement of Science fonds Fonds consists of 2 accessionsB1987-0045: Photo of 1924 meeting of the Association; the University of Toronto professors represented are Charles Ryle Fay and Robert Morrison MacIver.B2009-0026: Bound volume of printed programmes, tickets, blank fo... Abraham Alan Trask fonds "Meds" pin, graduating class in Medicine, 1930, that belonged to Abraham Alan Trask. Trask, Abraham Alan Donald Chalmers MacGregor fonds Copies of publications of various Latin-American organizations (mainly dealing with statistics) such as those produced by the Organization of American States and the Inter-American Statistical Institute (eg "Estadistica", "America e... MacGregor, Donald Chalmers Kenneth Clarke Fisher fonds Laboratory notebooks and microscope slides relating to the activity, consumption, respiration, and vaginal smears of lemming, in particular, and other experiments by students or research assistants of Professor Fisher; presidential address and art... Fisher, Kenneth Clarke University of Toronto. Women's War Service Committee fonds Fonds consists of 2 accessions:B1968-0002 (1939-1948): Records of the University of Toronto Women's War Service Committee, consisting of files of its Central Committee and the Committee for British Overseas Children. Included is corresponden... University of Toronto. Women's War Service Committee Elspeth Steuart Clark fonds This accession comprises the entire fonds of personal letters of Mrs. Elspeth Clark to her mother, Mrs. Isabella Bertram Fripp, dating from embarkation by ship with her two children, Edwin and Shirley, in July 1940 until May, 1944, shortly before ... Clark, Elspeth Steuart Aikins Family fonds Letter from J.C. Aikins to his brother, W.J. Aikins, 6 March, 1865, regarding proposals for the establishment of the faculties of medicine and law in the University of Toronto. Portrait of Moses Henry Aikins, taken by Notman & Fraser. Obituary... Aikins Family Frederic Newton Gisborne Starr fonds Committee minutes, correspondence and reports of the Canadian Medical Association. Professor Starr was a member of the CMA and was active on some of its committees. Starr, Frederic Newton Gisborne John Ferguson Flinn fonds 1936-1999 [predominant, 1950-1999] Personal records of John Ferguson Flinn, Professor of French in University College at the University of Toronto, consisting of correspondence, minutes of meetings, notes, course and lecture material, manuscripts and publications, addresses and pho... Flinn, John Ferguson Jack Gray collection Consists of records collected by Gray while working on a history of Hart House Theatre and Robert Gill. Included are Hart House Theatre scrapbooks compiled by Gill containing programs, clippings and photographs; financial records of Hart House Th... Gray, Jack Arthur Fry fonds Personal papers of Arthur Fry and his cousin, Harold. Includes U of T Student Handbooks, 1906-1910 maintained by Arthur Fry (BA 1910) as an undergraduate student in University College, diary for 1914-1915 written while in his early working career... Fry, Arthur McKeown Family fonds Certificates, annotated publications, and a photograph relating to three generations of members of the McKeown family. University of Toronto students include Patrick Walter Hughes McKeown, BA 1887 (University College), MD CM (Trinity Medical Colle... McKeown Family Robert Scollard fonds Consists of 2 accessionsB1986-0101: Portrait of Robert Scollard, Archivist, St. Michael's College. June 1982B1988-0006: Interview with Father Robert Scollard conducted by Ann Maclean for the Toronto Area Archivist Group newsletter. Topics co... Scollard, Robert Martin Lawrence Friedland fonds Fonds consists of five accessions of records documenting the life of Martin L. Friedland, as a student, professor of law and administrator at the University of Toronto; as an expert on legal matters and a contributor to the formation of public pol... Friedland, Martin Lawrence Clarence B. Farrar fonds Fonds consists of the personal and professional papers of Dr. Clarence B. Farrar. These records broadly document all aspects of Dr. Farrar’s long life - from his childhood in Cattaragus, New York during the 1870s to his active retirement in Toron... Farrar, Clarence B. Cassels Brock and Blackwell fonds Deeds for land at Bloor and Spadina between George Dickson and the University of Toronto (July 1907) and for land at Bloor and Huron Street between W. G. Gooderham and Trustees and Governors of the University of Toronto (27 June 1907). Copy of an ... Cassels Brock and Blackwell George Tunnah Clark fonds Fonds consists of 2 accessions of photographsB1987-0017: 6 photos of graduating classes of 1904 (Arts) and 1906 (Engineering); and of student societies.B1985-0030:University College Literary and Scientific Society Executive, 1900-1901Executive of ... Clark, George Tunnah Eric Aldwinckle Collection These black and white photographs depict the University of Toronto campus and its buildings. Included are unique images of houses along St George St. as well as several winter campus scenes, aerials and elevated views. They were collected by Eric... Aldwinckle , Eric Mary Silverthorn fonds Exterior views of University College from the south-west. No arrangement. Silverthorn, Mary Papal Commission on Population and Birth Control fonds 1964 - 1985, predominant 1964 - 1966 Fonds consists of materials accumulated by Dr. Laurent and Mrs. Colette Potvin involving the Papal Commission on Population and Birth Control. The records cover the time period 1964 to 1966. The records consist of preliminary papers and drafts, r... Potvin family Julius A. Molinaro fonds Fonds consists of 2 accessionsB1989-0016: Correspondence, manuscripts, and photoprints documenting Professor Molinaro's career as a specialist in Italian Studies. Includes are files on the Dept. of Italian and Hispanic Studies (1966-1979) an... Molinaro, Julius A. Phyllis E. Jones fonds This fonds consists of one accession of personal papers of Prof. Phyllis E. Jones. It contains primarily records relating to her career with the Faculty of Nursing at the University of Toronto and manuscripts of her published and unpublished works... Jones, Phyllis E. Erwin and Milton Baker fonds 1894-1906, ca. 1949 Handbooks, certificates, diplomas, and photographs relating to the education and careers of Erwin (MD, CM, 1899) and Milton (MD, CM, 1894) Baker, graduates of Trinity Medical College. Baker, Erwin Clarence Dana Rouillard fonds Fonds consists of 2 accessionsB1993-0025: Correspondence, research notes, drafts of plays, articles and addresses, manuscripts and graphic records relating to Professor Rouillard's work and research on the Turks in French literature. 13 boxes... Rouillard, Clarence Dana Stefan Saganski fonds Course and laboratory notes in mechanical engineering taken by Stefan Saganski while an undergraduate at the University of Toronto; copy of his BASc thesis. Saganski, Stefan Edward Blake fonds Correspondence, notes, memoranda, and drafts of reports, primarily by and to Edward Blake in his capacity as a member of the Senate of the University of Toronto and Chancellor, relating to University matters, including the hiring of James Loudon a... Blake, Edward Judy Cole Godfrey fonds This fonds contains course notes, assignments, essays, presentations documenting courses in the Diploma Programme in Physical and Occupational Therapy 1958-1961 as well as the Degree Completion Programme in Occupational Therapy 1985-1987.There is ... Godfrey, Judy Cole Irene Romana Nosyk fonds ca 1966-1969 This accession consists of 13 works of art depicting various zoological specimens. A series of 7 works of art are oil on canvas and framed. They are for the most part untitled works, depicting the origin of life, algae, and caterpillars, among ot... Nosyk, Irene Romana Henry (Harry) Pullan fonds Personal records of Henry (Harry) Pullan, graduate in architecture in the Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering (BASc 1911). The majority of records document reunions of the Class of 1911 (1930-1965 including minutes (1930-1960),correspondenc... Pullan, Henry (Harry) William James Loudon fonds Fonds consists of 2 accessions:B1976-0020: Hoenel Biography, loose correspondence, reminiscences, notes and diaries; Hayfer mss, Fish mss (includes original illustrations of fish), Colman mss, Mulock mss., Studies of Student Life; Tyrrell manuscri... Loudon, W. J. (William James) Beatrice Marion Hayes Corrigan fonds Fonds consists of 3 accessionsB1980-0023: Correspondence, greeting cards, pamphlets, book reviews, photographs, and postcards belonging to Beatrice Corrigan, Professor in the Department of Italian, Spanish and Portuguese. (1 box, 1946-1975)B1981-0... Corrigan, Beatrice Marion William Campbell Murdie fonds Fonds consists of a portfolio of technical drawings, maps and charts prepared by William Campbell Murdie while a student of engineering at the University of Toronto, 1913-1914, and 2 photographs. Murdie, William Campbell William John Nicol fonds Two photographs belonging to Engineering Graduate, William John Nicol (B.A.Sc. 1920) including: Phi Sigma Tau Fraternity, Alpha Chapter, 1919-1920 and Faculty of Applied Science Graduating Class 1920. Nicol, William John David Edward Kimmel fonds Course notes, minutes of meetings, reports, correspondence,press clippings, and memorabilia documenting David Kimmel's academic and extra-curricular activities while a student at University College. Included are files on the teaching assista... Kimmel, David Edward David M. Nowlan fonds This accession consists of the professional records of David M. Nowlan and documents his career as an economist, professor and administrator at the University of Toronto. Most of this accession pertains to Professor Nowlan’s various administrativ... Nowlan, David M. Kenneth G. McNeill fonds This fonds documents Professor Kenneth McNeill's research and publishing activities through professional correspondence (Series 1), drafts and typescript of articles, reviews, addresses, referee reports, research data and notes (Series 2 &... McNeill, Kenneth G. Irvine Israel Glass fonds Fonds consists of records documenting the career of Irvine Glass as a specialist in shock waves, a professor and administrator at the Institute for Aerospace Studies and his personal interest in the Jewish peoples through his involvement, in parti... Glass, Irvine Israel James Headly Acland fonds Records documenting Professor Acland’s research, publication and teaching activities. Includes notebooks, scripts and draft papers, photographs, slides, and negatives. The fonds is dominated by over 4000 prints and negatives documenting his rese... Acland, James Headly Canadian General Hospital No. 4 (University of Toronto) fonds This fonds consists of 3 accessions of records from the Canadian General Hospital No. 4. See accesion-level descriptions for more details.A1980-0021: Correspondence among Charles Kirk Clarke, William Belfry Hendry, James Alexander Roberts and ot... Canadian General Hospital No. 4 (University of Toronto) Leonard Blum This fonds consists of 15 series, divided mainly by production (these include produced and unproduced projects). These are: Go Further, Grass, Over the Hedge, Howard Stern: Private Parts, Tales of the Rat Fink, The Pink Panther, ‘Chris Rock Projec... Blum, Leonard Copel 'Cubby' Marcus Fonds This fonds is divided into 4 series, according to format. These are: Textual Material, Audio Material, Video Material and Cinefilms.The first series, Textual Material, includes one file of print ads from the 1970s.The second series, Audio Material... Marcus, Copel ‘Cubby’ University of Toronto. Department of Pathology fonds This fonds contains 2 accessions.A1990-0026: Contains a summary of academic papers presented by the faculty at staff meetings, 1933-1937; Staff meeting outlines and list of those in attendance, 1938-1967.A1991-0025: Contains minutes of staff meeti... University of Toronto. Department of Pathology William French Papers Papers for his tenure as successor to W.A. Deacon, literary editor of the Globe and Mail. Correspondence with book reviewers and authors, drafts for his reviews, column articles, lectures and speeches, press releases for new books, and clippings. French, William Mark Gayn Papers The collection consists of notebooks, diaries, drafts for writings, lectures, broadcasts, correspondence, pamphlets, newspapers clippings, films and photographs related to the journalistic career of Gayn. Gayn, Mark Mary Elizabeth Gilmore Papers Collection of lecture notes and miscellaneous material relating to the philosophy of Sankara, a seventh century Hindu philospher. The lectures were delivered by Miss B.S.A. de Branconiere, also identified as 'Guru Sahasrara Satchitananda,... Gilmore, Mary Elizabeth	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1112
__label__cc	0.536709	0.463291	University of Toronto. Mark S. Bonham Centre for Sexual Diversity Studies fonds This fonds contains 1 accession of records from the University of Toronto's Mark S. Bonham Centre for Sexual Diversity Studies.See accession-level description for details. University of Toronto. Mark S. Bonham Centre for Sexual Diversity Studies University of Toronto. Multi-Faith Centre fonds This fonds from University of Toronto's Multi-Faith Centre contains 1 accession. See accession-level description for details. University of Toronto. Multi-Faith Centre University of Toronto. Centre for the Study of the United States (CSUS) at the Munk School of Global Affairs fonds This fonds contains 1 accession.A2011-0010: Records of the Director of the Centre for the Study of the United States (CSUS) at the Munk School of Global Affairs, including the initial centre proposal, minutes of the Program Committee (2000-2004) a... University of Toronto. Centre for the Study of the United States (CSUS) at the Munk School of Global Affairs John Bemrose fonds Fonds consists of records relating to John Bemrose's first novel, The Island Walkers, 2003, including chapter drafts, correspondence with publishers, reviews, and awards, 2002-2009. Bemrose, John Victoria College (Toronto, Ont.). Class of 1953 fonds Fonds consists of "Memories" from 50th class reunion in May 2003, and "Highlights of Vic 5T3 Graduates for 55th Reunion, May 31, 2008"; both are compilations of photos and biographical sketches/reminiscences of the class members. Victoria College (Toronto, Ont.). Class of 1953 Emmanuel College (Toronto, Ont.). Continuing Education fonds Fonds consists primarily of records related to the continuing education programming offered by Emmanuel College. Included are workshop and course descriptions, calendars and agreements as well as program evaluations and planning documents. Fonds ... Emmanuel College (Toronto, Ont.). Continuing Education University of Toronto. Centre for Urban Health Initiatives (CUHI) fonds This fonds contains 1 accession.A2011-0007: Consists of Centre for Urban Health Initiatives (CUHI) operational manual; development and planning files (eg. initial planning, implementation and management committees); Advisory Board and Research Adv... University of Toronto. Centre for Urban Health Initiatives (CUHI) Archives Collection 34 : J. Churchill Arlidge Writings, family letters, photographs; photocopies of biographical documents including:Arlidge, J. Churchill. Entertainment grave and gay.MS notebook of concert repertoire, unpaged, with inserted leaves.Topical commentaries, with song listings on ... Arlidge, Joseph Churchill John A. Sawyer fonds Fonds consists of a manuscript titled “Memoirs of a Statistical Economist’s Random Walk Through Academic Life.” Sawyer, John A. Euromaidan Protests Collection Collection consists of miscellaneous leaflets, pamphlets, bumper stickers, newspapers, posters, and ribbons issued during the protests in Kiev, Ukraine from November 2013 to March 2014. University of Toronto. Department of Cell and Systems Biology fonds 1940s -2007 This fonds contains 3 accession of from the Department of Cell & Systems Biology. See accession-level descriptions for more details. University of Toronto. Department of Cell and Systems Biology Archives Collection 30 : Phil Nimmons Consists primarily of manuscript scores and parts, along with typescript copies. Also contains radio scripts and cue sheets. Nimmons, Phil, 1923- Alan J. Horne Papers The collection consists of correspondence with British illustrators relating to Horne's Dictionary of 20th Century British Book Illustrators (1994) and slides of illustrations for the Dictionary. The collection also contains John Buckland Wri... Horne, Alan J. John Brundle Papers Contains music; typescript of books and articles on local history of Roches Point, Ont.; short stories. Brundle, John Barbarian Press Papers Papers for its commissioned and non-commissioned work. Includes correspondence, designs, dummies, proofs from blocks and page proofs. Barbarian Press Gwendolyn MacEwen Papers MacEwen, Gwendolyn Margaret Atwood Papers The collection consists of drafts and final typescripts of literary works, original art work, correspondence, juvenilia, printed appearances, printed material, critical and audio-visual material, and works about Atwood. Leon Katz Collection Katz, Leon Henry Scadding Papers Scadding, Henry Austin Seton Thompson Papers The collection consists of drafts (corrected and final) and copies of the photographs for Thompson's books Spadina: A Story of Old Toronto (1975) and Jarvis Street: A Story of Triumph and Tragedy (1980), as well as the research notes and othe... Thompson, Austin Seton J.P. (James Playfair) McMurrich Papers Collection consists of notes and manuscript drafts for McMurrich’s unpublished book, The History of Anatomy as well as a portrait of McMurrich. McMurrich, J.P (James Playfair) L'Arche Daybreak fonds This fonds consists of organizational, administrative, and community records. The records range in date from 1969-2009.Fonds has been organized into nine series:1. Community Council Files2. Community Files3. Deceased Core Member Files4. Developmen... L'Arche Daybreak (Association) George Baxter Collection Baxter, George Bloomsbury Group & Hogarth Press Collections The Bloomsbury Group & Hogarth Press Collections Samuel Taylor Coleridge Collection Wesleyana Collection Wesleyana Adrian Gibson Dafoe Papers Barclay McKone Papers McKone, Barclay University of Toronto. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology fonds University of Toronto. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Divinity 150 Project fonds Fonds consists of the administrative records and research papers of The Divinity 150 Project. It includes organizational documents, research notes and materials, surveys completed by divinity students, oral history recordings, copies of the databa... Divinity 150 Project F. Kenneth Hare fonds Fonds contains records relating to Hare’s work as a climatologist, geographer, and scholar. Files include correspondence, conference and meeting materials, published and unpublished reports and articles (by Hare and others), scientific data, photo... Hare, F. Kenneth (Frederick Kenneth) William J. Carter Papers Typescript of unpublished reminiscences of pioneers and pioneering in Alberta and Manitoba. Carter, William J. Henry Sproatt Collection The collection consists of autographs, letters, photographs and printed material, chiefly of Canadian interest, that was collected by Sproatt. Sproatt, Henry James Nevin Wallace Papers The collection consists of a book of fur-trading posts, an encyclopedia of the fur trade, land surveyors of western Canada, traverses of the journeys of Thompson and Mackenzie, and notes on the 78th Fraser Highlanders, among other items related to... Wallace, J. N. (James Nevin) John Greenleaf Whittier Papers Includes notes by Whittier, as well as correspondence and notes about Whittier and his papers by Reverend J. B. Silcox and Samuel T. Pickard. Includes notes by Silcox and collected print material about poet Robert Browning. Correspondence with lib... Whittier, John Greenleaf Mona Gould Papers [ca.1920-1990] The collection includes scripts, transcripts, drafts, poems, correspondence, photographs and other material related to the life and work of radio broadcaster, editor and poet Mona Gould. Gould, Mona Crad Kilodney Papers Kilodney, Crad W.J. Keith Papers Keith, W. J. Douglas LePan Papers LePan, Douglas John M. Kelly Library fonds CA ON00347 9 This fonds contains files from staff of the John M. Kelly Library, including the office of the Chief Librarian and other heads of departments, including Cataloguing. Includes files on donations and Special Collections. Files reflect the administra... University of St. Michael's College. John M. Kelly Library William Blake Collection Woolf/Bloomsbury Group/Hogarth Press Ephemera Collection The Collection consists of clippings, catalogues, flyers, dust jackets, advertisements, images, newsletters, and miscellaneous items relating in some way to Virginia and Leonard Woolf, The Bloomsbury Group and the Hogarth Press. They are organized... The Woolf/Bloomsbury Group/Hogarth Press Ephemera Collection A collection of rare books, pamphlets, and periodicals particularly strong in nineteenth and twentieth-century literature, poetry, and drama, mostly composed in English. Many of the titles are unique. Also includes historical and geographical work... Joseph F. Fletcher fonds [196-?] - 2015 Fonds consists of textual records documenting the professional life and work of Prof. Joseph F. Fletcher. Records include Fletcher’s research, advisory work, publishing activity, teaching, conference attendance and planning, as well as documentat... Fletcher, Joseph F. Michael Redhill Papers Redhill, Michael Results 1851 to 1900 of 1933	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1113
__label__wiki	0.621121	0.621121	Box Office Wrap Up: Dory finds Top Spot Again Neil Worcester June 27, 2016 June 28, 2016 0 again, dory, finds, office, spot, wrap Box Office Wrap Up. Disney’s Finding Dory led the box office for a second week, trouncing newcomers Independence Day 2, The Shallows, and Free State of Jones. Disney is used to be being the biggest fish this year. Finding Dory once again swam away with the lionfish’s share of the money this past weekend. The Disney/Pixar film had a tremendous second week, dropping only 46% to retain first place. This figure is triply impressive: Finding Dory was facing four wide release challengers, including the sequel to a chart topping blockbuster, Independence Day: Resurgence. The 72 million dollar second weekend places Dory in the top ten list of best second weeks, all time. Finding Dory made more money in its second week than all four new releases it was facing…combined. That is utter domination! Overall, this week’s box office was up 2% from last year (when Jurassic World was roaring through the June box office.) Distant Second Independence Day: Resurgence had to settle for second place with 41 million dollars. That is not too far from the originals 50 million opening…but twenty years of inflation really makes a difference here. As far as tracking similar movies, I would say this film is going to end up like Prometheus. A science fiction followup to a previously popular film that finished with middling results and failed to spark a franchise rebirth. A Cinema Score of B doesn’t bode well for its long term legs. Third place went to last week’s buddy comedy, Central Intelligence. It had an equally impressive hold, dropping 48%. It has already turned a profit, and has a strong Cinema Score of A-. It will likely just fall shy of 100 million, a fantastic result for a comedy. The other two new releases, The Shallows and Free State of Jones finished 4th and 6th, respectively. That is good news for The Shallows, which was shot on a small budget and is already on the path to profitability. It is awful news for Free State of Jones, which has a 50 million dollar hole to fill. A 7 million dollar opening is not going to cut it. Critics aren’t overwhelmingly positive, so it can’t even bank on getting second legs after an Oscar nod. You’re losing to a movie starring a dead guy. (That’s not good.) The nationwide expansion of The Neon Demon was a decided flop. In 700+ theaters, the film failed to make a splash, collecting a disappointing $752 per screen average. That’s abysmal. Swiss Army Man, which opened in exactly three theaters this week, managed 35 thousand per screen. (In Millions) 1. Finding Dory (72.9) 2. Independence Day: Resurgence (41.0) 3. Central Intelligence (18.2) 4. The Shallows (16.8) 5. The Conjuring 2 (7.7) 6. Free State of Jones (7.5) 7. Now You See Me 2 (5.5) 8. X-Men: Apocalypse (2.4) 9. Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows (2.4) 10. Warcraft (2.2) Box Office Wrap Up: Another Lump of Coal for New Releases. Box Office Wrap Up: Another Lump of Coal for New … Box Office Wrap Up: It’s Still a Zoo Out There Box Office Wrap Up: Zootopia Remains King, Allegiant Misses a … Box Office Wrap Up: Strike Two November 3, 2015 November 3, 2015 0 A Crisis At The Box Office After five new release … Box Office Wrap Up: Disney’s Triumph Complete. Box Office Wrap Up: Disney’s Triumph Complete. “All through the … Short Film Review: Turning Point.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1114
__label__wiki	0.961234	0.961234	Home Tennis Depth carried CdM to CIF girls’ tennis title Depth carried CdM to CIF girls’ tennis title The Corona del Mar High girls’ tennis team has made at least the CIF Southern Section semifinals in 17 of the last 19 seasons. It’s an impressive span that speaks to the consistency of the program. Over the past two decades, the Sea Kings have been arguably the best overall program in Southern California. But the Southern Section doesn’t give out championship plaques for making the semifinals. Winning a CIF Southern Section title can be hard. Look at the Mater Dei High football team, which has consistently been a top program for years but has not won a section title since 1999. The Monarchs are favored to break that streak this year in Division 1. It may have been a long time coming, but things certainly have come together for CdM girls’ tennis in 2017. The top-seeded Sea Kings (23-0) won their first Division 1 title since 2006 on Friday with a 13-5 victory over Pacific Coast League rival University at The Claremont Club. It was the ninth CIF championship overall in program history. The success of coach Jamie Gresh’s Sea Kings, who are the No. 2 seed for the CIF USTA Southern California Regionals that begin Friday back at The Claremont Club, has been staggering. Only one match all season, a 10-8 semifinal victory over No. 4-seeded Arcadia, was closer than 12-6. In a league that produced the two Division 1 finalists, as well as Division 2 champion Beckman, CdM won every match by a margin of 14-4 or greater. It’s hard to top the singles lineup of league singles champion Danielle Willson, who’s bound for USC, as well as senior Annika Bassey and junior Kristina Evloeva. They have dominated opponents all season. But so did CdM’s doubles depth. After CdM’s 13-5 Division 1 quarterfinal victory over San Marino, Titans coach Melwin Pereira correctly said the No. 3 doubles set in the first round was a big one. CdM senior Brooke Kenerson and freshman Lauren Friedman beat San Marino’s Sophia Lee and Sabrina Lieu 7-5, helping CdM take a 5-1 sets lead. Tim Berger \| Staff Photographer Corona del Mar’s Lauren Friedman, left, and Brooke Kenerson, right, have played well at No. 3 doubles this year. Corona del Mar’s Lauren Friedman, left, and Brooke Kenerson, right, have played well at No. 3 doubles this year. (Tim Berger \| Staff Photographer) Pereira had stacked his doubles, putting his top team of Lee and Lieu at the No. 3 spot. He assumed that CdM had done the same, and was surprised when I told him that Kenerson and Friedman were, in fact, the Sea Kings’ No. 3 team. Not that they were any less qualified than the pairings of league doubles champions Shaya Northrup and Paulina Loredo, as well as juniors Roxy MacKenzie and Bella McKinney. Depth like this is hard to find top to bottom. The only team I’ve seen in recent years that came close was Palos Verdes Peninsula, which won three straight Division 1 titles from 2013-15 behind Ena Shibahara, who now plays at UCLA. In my first year at the Daily Pilot, I covered another dominant CdM girls’ tennis team. It was the Sea Kings’ last Division 1 championship team, in 2006. That year’s squad went 24-0, capping the season with a 12-6 win over Troy in the Division 1 title match. How does this year’s team match up to the 2006 squad? Earlier this season, I asked that question to current Sage Hill girls’ tennis coach Cierra Gaytan, who played at No. 2 singles as a sophomore on that 2006 CdM team. Gaytan, who is a private coach for MacKenzie, told me that this year’s CdM team is better. The difference is the depth, she said. That depth will serve the Sea Kings well this weekend, as they go for their first SoCal Regionals title in program history. They will be the last team matches of the season for a team that has been simply dominant. matthew.szabo@latimes.com Twitter: @mjszabo Rumor Roundup: Invasions, Chris Jericho, WWE title, more! Showtime’s ‘The Circus’ Back On Politics Beat With New Host Alex... Upper body workout with Lacy J Pilates! Nutrition Guidance Can Restrict Post-Pregnancy Weight Gain: Study Brooke Burke’s Number One Healthy Holiday Tip Bolt looking forward to Borussia Dortmund trial LIVE: Bulls bowl at drizzly Drummoyne Police say 5 found dead in Australian home, man in custody	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1115
__label__cc	0.715182	0.284818	Posts Tagged ‘Solzhenitsyn’ Birgitta’s Historic Book If you’re an early baby boomer like me you grew up with a sinister presence in the background of our American life—the threat of nuclear war with the USSR. On the distant edges of all that fear we could almost hear the low rumble of a Cold War; it was perpetually being waged somewhere in the world between “us’ and “them.” We young Americans were told that those Russians over there in the Far East were perpetrators of terrible, repressive political system called Communism. In 1956, the Premier of the USSR, Nikita Khruschev, began to talk about the widespread abuses that were heaped upon the a Russian people through Josef Stalin’s cruel network of surveillance and prisons. It was said that many, many citizens, perhaps millions, of Soviet citizens were unjustly persecuted, arrested, imprisoned and executed without due process of law. American paranoia about the threat of Russian aggression and enslavement grew more and more intense through the 1950’s and ’60’s. We generally heard and believed reports from our Western news-gatherers, both military and journalistic, warning us about the nefarious presence of a horrific Communist empire on the other side of the world. In 1973, Alecksandr Solzhenitsyn managed to publish to the world his voluminous report on the Soviet system of imprisonment. His book, Gulag Archipelago, was written from personal experience. Its IronCurtain-busting contents became for the world generally, but also for the Soviets, a basis for a widespread re-evaluation of the Soviet Union and its immense network of prisons and slave camps. In 1989, the peoples of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics fomented a revolution in which they overthrew the old communist system and began to replace it with something new and far more democratic than Russians had ever known. The great thrust of this revolution was powered by the people being sick and tired of communist oppression and cruelty. In 2017, I learned that a woman in my hometown is daughter of a man who survived eleven years in the Soviet gulag, in a slave camp in Siberia, above the Arctic Circle. Having heard about this stuff all my life, I was amazed to meet someone whose life had been directly affected by that infamous gulag archipelago. In her historic book, Years Stolen, Birgitta Gottlieb McGalliard releases to the world her father’s own written account of his enslaved life, which was imposed on him by Russian soldiers in Bulgaria in 1944. That long imprisonment included months of miserable train transports, years in Lefortovo and Lubyanka prisons in Moscow, and ultimately Arctic imprisonment at Vorkuta slave labor camp in the faraway, frozen Siberian north. Yes, Virginia, there really was a Siberia. And it was absolutely as bad as anything you ever heard about it. This terrible tale was not made up by yankee Red-baiters. Birgitta’s account, obtained and documented meticulously from her own father’s memoirs, is a truly amazing testimony of his survival saga through unimaginably cruel, cold conditions. Roland Gottlieb wrote and spoke of his real life experience there after his release in 1955. Birgitta’s writing about his ordeal is laced with the tenderness of a daughter’s love; it is also strengthened with a visceral thoroughness that painstakingly communicates the immensity of Roland’s achievement in surviving eleven years in the gulag. If you have ever doubted all those post-WWII reports of Soviet oppression and cruelty, this book will dispel your doubts. Thank God the people of the former USSR have seen, since 1989, the light of freedom and are now following that hopeful star of democratic reforms instead of the old Red Star of communist enslavement. One reason that beacon burns brightly in our world today is because of the testimony of survivors like Roland Gottlieb, as reported by his daughter, Birgitta. The book is, as they say, a good read. Buy it now and you will be much the wiser after this textual journey into the hell of suffering that some humans have historically imposed on other humans. Tags:Birgitta Gottlieb Mchalliard, books, communism, Gulag Archipelago, gulags, history, Roland Gottlieb, Russia, Solzhenitsyn, USSR Posted in 1950's, 1960's, books, civilization, communism, eastern Europe, history, imprisonment, Russia, USSR, World War II \| Leave a Comment »	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1121
__label__cc	0.543557	0.456443	« * what will it take to fill in the blanks in this email asking about weaponized anthrax that came to Detrick and then was shipped out and some was missing? * is there no way to hold JAG or someone else responsible for what appears to be a purposeful withholding of information related to the FBI’s bogus investigation of the 2001 anthrax attacks? » * Will it take Congressional subpoena power to fill in the blanks in the email asking about weaponized anthrax that came to Detrick and then was shipped out and some was missing? Posted by DXer on September 27, 2010 The FBI’s case against Dr. Ivins is clearly bogus: no evidence, no witnesses, an impossible timeline, science that proves innocence instead of guilt. So what really happened? And why? The “fictional” scenario in my novel CASE CLOSED has been judged by many readers, including a highly respected official in the U.S. Intelligence Community, as perhaps more plausible than the FBI’s unproven assertions. Dr. Bruce Ivins and Congressman Rush Holt The FBI is stonewalling, as it has for years, to keep the world from knowing if it (a) has not solved the case or (b) is covering up for the real perpetrators. The NAS is not permitted to draw conclusions regarding the guilt or innocence of Dr. Ivins or any other person(s). USAMRIID is dribbling out overly redacted emails at a pace that can only be intended to prevent understanding of what really happened. That leaves Congressman Rush Holt’s call for a Congressional investigation of the FBI’s inconclusive investigation as the sole hope for Dr. Ivins’ posthumous redemption. This entry was posted on September 27, 2010 at 6:07 am and is filed under Uncategorized. Tagged: * Congressman Holt & anthrax, CASE CLOSED by Lew Weinstein, NAS anthrax study, * 2001 anthrax attacks, * Amerithrax, * Dr. Bruce Ivins, * FBI anthrax investigation, Ft. Detrick USAMRIID. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can skip to the end and leave a response. Pinging is currently not allowed. 31 Responses to “* Will it take Congressional subpoena power to fill in the blanks in the email asking about weaponized anthrax that came to Detrick and then was shipped out and some was missing?” Pentagon: ‘Massive Institutional Failure’ to Blame for Anthrax Debacle • BY PAUL MCLEARY • JULY 23, 2015 – 7:19 PM https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/07/23/pentagon-massive-institutional-failure-to-blame-for-anthrax-debacle/ Kendall’s report found that the issue is “an institutional problem at [Dugway] and does not necessarily reflect on any one individual.” Still, the Army announced late Thursday afternoon that it is opening an investigation “to determine whether there were any failures of leadership” at the facility, which could mean trouble for Fizer and his top aides. One big red flag was raised when Kendall’s team visited Dugway this spring and asked leadership there how often their samples of anthrax failed verification tests to prove they had been made safe. They answered that it was about two to three percent. But when investigators looked into it, they found it was closer to 20 percent. “The leadership at Dugway should have understood that,” Kendall said, adding that the discrepancy was why he “recommended a formal investigation” into the staff at the facility. While Congress hasn’t made much noise about the scandal, the House Energy and Commerce Committee is planning a hearing on July 28 to begin to investigate what happened. “There is zero margin for error when it comes to handling anthrax and there is zero tolerance for such blunders. This has got to stop,” Chairman Tim Murphy (R-Pa.) and ranking member Diana DeGette (D-Co.) said in a statement. Witnesses from the Pentagon, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Department of Health and Human Services will testify. Comment: But what steps has Chairman Tim Murphy taken in regard to the misshipment of anthrax being discussed by email by Bruce Ivins? Scapegoats and rhetoric are not nearly as important as pushing the timeline back to the Fall 2001 anthrax mailings, at least as to the paper record. Indeed, focusing on punishment actually interferes and deters exploration of these issues and prompts people to minimize the problem. Do you think anyone who knows is going to step forward if DOD and Congress is intent on taking scalps rather than exploring how this undermines the FBI’s analysis of the distribution of Ames in its analysis of the 2001 anthrax mailings? Live smallpox was stored in the unlocked storage room at FDA. Committee on Energy and Commerce requests copies of audits conducted from 1980 to the present on issues of vulnerabilities at the NIH and FDA, Building 29A, relating to select agent regulations. http://energycommerce.house.gov/sites/republicans.energycommerce.house.gov/files/letters/20140728HHSOIGLabSafetyLetter.pdf Reuters this weekend (see also videotape of his testimony) – “In fact, at least one incident involved bringing in the FBI, which conducted an investigation and then determined the necessary CDC paperwork had not been filed and the missing select agent samples had actually been destroyed. Nevertheless, peppered by questions from the committee, Friedan stated, “The concern for theft is real.”” It seems that the FOIA officer will unredact the identity of the agency from which the sender is located. I don’t believe it is RIID. Bruce did not know about the misshipment. Does GAO? From: Ivins, Bruce E Dr USAMRIID Ivins, Bruce E Dr USAMRIID; Subject: RE: Question about MRIID (UNCLASSIFIED) Date: Wednesday, December 12, 2007 1:54:10 PM Our lab has shipped lots of spores to researchers and research institutes outside of USAMRIID. We have also provided spores to people here at USAMRIID. To the best of my knowledge, we haven’t had a shipment disappear, although I think we had at least one that went to Battelle (or DPG) that was screwed up for a few days because of missed flights, etc. Also, our lab has always worked with spores in suspension, not weaponized spores. The spores we used to work with were stored in the coldroom in or over in (in the coldroom or refrigerator in room ). We currently store the(2s)pores we work with in (accessible by P(2IN) only), in a locked Revco refrigerator. (2) Does this refer to any material that DPG sent here for irradiation, then was sent back? Bruce Ivins To: [redactions] Ivins, Bruce E Dr USAMRIID; Subject: FW: Question about MRIID (UNCLASSIFIED) Please read below. I do not know of an instance of a “misshippment from USAMRIID.” Do any of you know of an instance where we received or shipped something and part of it was missing? Thanks, Sent: Wednesday, December 12, 2007 Subject: RE: Question about MRIID (UNCLASSIFIED) Importance: High To address the concerns let me start by saying that USAMRIID does not possess, does not receive, and does not produce “weaponized” anthrax. If has information to this regard, I would very much like to know the specifics of that. This is not a matter of semantics either. The assertion that any weapons-grade materials, as in the preparations that would be placed into an offensive weapon, being worked on here at RIID is not correct. Materials produced for medical countermeasure development – as in vaccines, drugs and diagnostic assays – are used within the research program, and are not in any way “weaponized”. Secondly, I will check to see if any anthrax specimens were subject to misshipment from USAMRIID. Again, I would like to have the specifics on this assertion to be able to either verify or refute. Comment: Indeed. In the interest of public transparency, so would we all. Separately, a shipment from Dugway in 2007 reportedly was delayed due to some thefts. From: To: Cc: Subject: Date: Ivins, Bruce E Dr USAMRIID RE: Scan from a Xerox WorkCentre Pro (UNCLASSIFIED) Monday, July 23, 2007 9:31:53 AM (b) (6) Classification: UNCLASSIFIED Caveats: NONE , They’re supposed to be shipping anthrax spores to us, not us shipping spores to them. The POC (o6u)t at Dugway said that they have had problems there because of some thefts, so I’m not sure when we’re supposed to actually receive the spores. Thanks. -bruce Bruce Ivins —–Original Message—– From: Sent: Monday, July 23, 2007 9:29 AM To: Ivins, Bruce E Dr USAMRIID Cc: Subject: RE: Scan from a Xerox WorkCentre Pro (UNCLASSIFIED) Bruce, We currently have three approved form 2’s in our office. We just want to know if you are going to ship all three at different time and when. All three are shipments to Dugway. A reminder all three have an expiration date of 30 days. R/ Missing powderized anthrax came up again in 2007 although it is not clear to me that it is the same missing powderized anthrax. The FBI withheld all classification information from the NAS. Will it be withholding the same information from GAO? Will it take Congressional subpoena power to fill in the blanks in the email asking about weaponized anthrax that came to Detrick and then was shipped out and some was missing? http://www.dugway.army.mil/index.php/index/content/id/64 Lothar Salomon Life Sciences Test Facility This state-of-the-art, 32,000 square-foot facility supports the testing of biological detectors, protective clothing and equipment, and decontamination systems and their effects on materials. It also supports field tests with biological simulants and smoke and obscurants, as well as environmental analysis and monitoring for all Dugway Proving Ground testing. Approximately 3,300 square feet of the facility accommodates Biosafety Level 3 (BL-3) testing. BL-3 is the term used to describe facilities in which work is performed using indigenous or exotic agents with a potential for respiratory transmission, and which may cause serious and potentially lethal infection, but for which a vaccine or treatment exists. Laboratory personnel have specific training in handling pathogenic and potentially lethal agents and are supervised by competent scientists who are experienced in working with these agents. The Life Sciences Test Facility is required to report bioaerosols that are generated in the BL-3 laboratory to the State of Utah Division of Air Quality on a monthly basis. Whenever a program is proposed that will require microorganisms or toxins at BL-3, a Biological Safety Committee meeting is held. The committee is comprised of the DPG Technical Director, the Lab Director at the LSTF, the Biological Safety Officer at the LSTF, the Chief of the Safety Office at DPG, and representatives from the Health Clinic at DPG, the Utah State Department of Public Health, and the Biosafety Office at the Centers for Disease Control. This new test facility came on line in late 1997 and is the only Department of Defense facility certified to test developmental equipment with aerosolized BL-3 agents. For those of you who know the merits of the Bruce Ivins matter and know there to have been no persuasive evidence against him whatsoever, you may find it hard to listen to the touching songs on his daughter Amanda’s page. http://www.myspace.com/manda1083 I recommend 1, 3, and 4. 2 has an advertisement and can be skipped. William C. Patrick III, 84, dies; oversaw Fort Detrick biowarfare effort and weaponization of anthrax and other deadly diseases By T. Rees Shapiro Monday, October 4, 2010; 9:11 PM After retiring in 1986, Mr. Patrick remained of the world’s foremost experts on biological warfare and defense and served as a consultant to the CIA, FBI and U.S. military. His business card was adorned with a skull and crossbones. In the early 1990s, Mr. Patrick led the debriefing of Soviet defector Ken Alibek, who as Kanatjan Alibekov was the deputy chief of the Soviet biowarfare program. In the mid-2000s, the FBI sought Mr. Patrick’s biological weapons expertise for the investigation of the anthrax attacks along the East Coast. A few years earlier, he had been commissioned to write a report on the effectiveness of an anthrax attack spread through the mail system. In the report, Mr. Patrick described how an envelope laced with 2.5 grams of anthrax could do significant harm by direct and indirect contact. The anthrax attacker – who authorities claimed might have studied Mr. Patrick’s report as a “blueprint” – used about the same amount to kill five people and sicken 13 others. Mr. Patrick was often called on to provide testimony for hearings involving bioterrorism, and was known to participate with zeal. In a 1999 appearance before the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, he pulled out a small plastic bottle filled with 7.5 grams of an inert anthrax simulant. “I’ve been through all the major airports and the security systems of the State Department, the Pentagon, even the CIA, and nobody has stopped me,” Mr. Patrick said, noting that if his simulant had been real anthrax, it could “take care of the Rayburn building and all the people in it.” As one of fewer than 100 Americans with operational knowledge of biological agent production, Mr. Patrick was sent to Iraq in 1994 as a U.N. weapons inspector to look into Saddam Hussein’s alleged covert germ laboratories. Despite the macabre nature of his work at Fort Detrick, Mr. Patrick spoke about how vital his profession was to national security. “We did not sit around talking about the moral implications of what we were doing,” he told the Baltimore Sun in 2004. “We were problem-solving.” This was the Patrick report they found in Ivins garage amid the litter of spores, first grader writing samples, how to fluidize anthrax reports from DARPA, Battelle and Dugway and his extensive memorabilia of the attacks, all of which they promised would be found in the search warrants and which they held over their heads in triumph at the 2008 news conference. To be more definite, at this stage, there is no evidence that Ivins ever even heard of this Patrick report prior to the mailings? In what Ed characterizes as his “non-denial, denial,” Bruce Ivins explained to his close confidante that he wouldn’t have any idea on how to make a biological weapon. (Hint: It was just a flat-out denial.) The FBI’s anthrax expert, Dr. Ezzell, who spent years testing substances from mailed letters, says that in hindight he guesses that the mailed anthrax was not “fully weaponized.” But it’s all a semantical game. What was made for DARPA for that research was purified at precisely the trillion spore concentration mentioned by Dr. Patrick in a footnote on that memo (which in one version has been whited out). Whether Dr. Ivins saw that particular memo or not (he didn’t) is pretty irrelevant in that it contained no technical details. You would expect the powderized anthrax developed for detection and defense purposes to be similar to the “real deal.” As Jeffrey Mohr from Dugway explained, it was sometimes necessary to use virulent anthrax to test decontamination agents so as to know that they would really work. http://www.petoskeynews.com/entertainment/pnr-news-lecture-100410,0,5748959.story National Public Radio’s FBI correspondent, Dina Temple-Raston, will speak this month at North Central Michigan College as part of the college’s lecture series. Temple-Raston’s presentation, “Current Challenges for the FBI,” will address recent controversies including national security letters and the anthrax investigations of 2001. Her talk will also include current developments and concerns about civil liberties in relation to the FBI and its investigations. Temple-Raston has been an FBI correspondent for National Public Radio since 2007. Previously, she served as a correspondent for Bloomberg News in Asia and was Bloomberg’s White House correspondent during the Clinton administration. She has written several award-winning books on race in America, the Rwandan genocide, civil liberties and national security. The presentation will take place at 7 p.m. on Thursday, Oct. 21, in the student center cafeteria on the Petoskey campus. Doors open at 6:30 p.m. The lecture is free and open to the public. Batch #84 is being forwarded to MEDCOM and OPSEC for final review. It is JAG that appears responsible for the withholding of documents for two years. If all remaining documents are not produced this week, Congress should call a JAG witness to explain why they delayed production for two years and who made the decision at JAG to delay production of the documents. A federal judge likely would sanction the JAG attorneys in a civil litigation context. The practice of law should never involve hide-the-ball. Taxpayers are paying the JAG salaries. The lawyer responsible for withholding the documents works for taxpayers. My source of intelligence on these matters reports that there is nothing incriminating in batch #84. #85 was uploaded last week. #84 will be uploaded as early as today. Like all the other of Ivins’ work emails, they are either not pertinent or exculpatory. The exculpatory emails should have been produced at the time the United States Attorney was claiming his guilt on false statements of fact such as that the stamp was uniquely sold at his Frederick post office or that virulent Ames was only kept in the one building rather than both. It should have taken merely a few hours to redact the proper names with a magic marker and then put them in a room in response to Scott Shane’s FOIA request for the emails after Dr. Ivins’ death. USAMRIID’s delay is inexcusable given his 27 years of service to the Army. Did the US Army demonstrate loyalty to its employee of 27 years when it withheld these emails for two years? From: Ivins, Bruce E Dr USAMRIID To: [redacted] Subject: JAG permission for my attorney to talk to USAMRIID personnel (UNCLASSIFIED) Date: Thursday, May 29, 2008 11:48:25 AM Caveats: NONE I am sending you this email to ask if you had heard from the JAG as to when my attorneys, , of , can talk to USAMRIID personnel about me. If you have not yet heard, could you please contact them and ask them? Then I can let my attorneys know the information. I’ve been a loyal Army employee for over 27 years, and I would hope that the Army would similarly have a substantial measure of loyalty toward its employees. Subject: My retirement – last day at work will be 2 SEP 08 (UNCLASSIFIED) Date: Tuesday, April 29, 2008 2:45:29 PM This email is to inform you that my last day of work at USAMRIID will be 2 SEP 08. 3 SEP 08 will be my first day of retirement. please begin my SF52, with my final day here at USAMRIID being 2 SEP, and my first day of retirement being 3 SEP. Thank you very much. Subject: RE: (UNCLASSIFIED) Date: Wednesday, April 30, 2008 12:47:53 PM I’ll be on leave for the month of May. Let’s plan on coffee in early June(?) I’ll be out of town the whole month of May. I was just stopping by to say hi and talk to you. We haven’t talked in a long time. I hope you’re doing really well. I’ll be gone tomorrow, Friday, and all the month of May. I hope you liked my long letter Saturday. When I retire I want to put in lots more time with the Red Cross. I feel really good when I do, and I know that it’s helping people. Maybe I could work at the foodbank in Frederick as well, or the Salvation Army. I have to leave at 3:30 today. Then I’ll be back a little at home tomorrow, then I’m gone for the month of May. Subject: RE: JAG permission for my attorney to talk to USAMRIID personnel (UNCLASSIFIED) Date: Friday, May 30, 2008 3:06:47 PM People in the Division think that they need to have the JAG contact them and tell them that they’re allowed to talk to my attorneys. If this is not the case, I hope that or can so inform me or my attorneys, or the people that my attorneys would like to talk to. Thank Sent: Thursday, May 29, 2008 4:58 PM To: Ivins, Bruce E Dr USAMRIID My understanding was that your attorney needed to go through our JAG for that permission and that your attorney had the contact info for ______ and ____________ . They can be contacted by email at and by telephone at or by mail at the __________________. Subject: FW: Interviews With Attorney and Private Investigator (UNCLASSIFIED) Please pass information to will need to contact to make arrangements for discussions with your coworkers in the division. Thanks. An email produced today: Subject: Irradiated spores – transfer (UNCLASSIFIED) Date: Wednesday, March 12, 2008 12:28:01 PM Since we talked about it at a division meeting a few weeks ago, I want to tell you that we will be transferring 5 ml of Ames spores, Select Agent number 12538, to . Ten ml of the spores were irradiated by with 4 Megarads. As discussed at the meeting, 50% (5 ml) of the material was checked for sterility on SBA, and there was no growth at all. You may have seen insistence that we need only check 10% of the material for sterility, but I think that a 50% check for B. anthracis samples is a good idea. We’ve had in the past some samples that failed sterility checks, so 50% leaves us “better safe than sorry.” An email produced by USAMRIID today: Subject: FW: Freezer (UNCLASSIFIED) Date: Wednesday, April 02, 2008 4:22:11 PM Thanks, for checking this out. If our stuff in the hallway is in another freezer MMCN, please let me know what it is, and I’ll contact about changing the freezer number for all the agents in that freezer. From: [redacted] Sent: Thursday, March 20, 2008 9:24 AM Cc: Ivins, Bruce E Dr USAMRIID Subject: Physical Inventory audit (UNCLASSIFIED) I am _____________, an individual who has recently been added to the Divsion to promote regulatory compliance and prepare for the upcoming DAIG inspection. My specific duty, as it relates to you, is to perform inventory of select agents that are registered to Dr. Ivins. Your name was provided by Dr. Ivins as the point man for the select agents in What day and time is convenient for you to escort me into the suite and conduct the inventory? I am available 0700 through 1500 during the Monday 24 Mar through Thursday 27 Mar. If you have any further questions regarding the process, please don’t hesitate to ask me. USAMRIID SOP BS-50-06 (BSAT Physical Inventory) covers the procedure. According to the Judge Berman, Aafia “had claimed that a short time after moving there a man named Abu Lababa issued a Fatwa for her to do biological research in order to develop defenses for her country should Pakistan be attacked by an enemy. And she did this for approximately six months. She then apparently moved to Nazimabad and presumably made trips from there to Afghanistan in search of [911 logistics guy] Al Baluchi.” US federal judge narrates different points in Aafia case Monday September 27, 2010 (1130 PST) http://www.paktribune.com/news/index.shtml?231952 What did Aafia say in her transcribed remarks? I believe the day’s transcript is 111 pages and should be at PACER. What she says is very important and if she has been under coercion and unable to cooperate the sentence should be reconsidered. (It seems excessive given the uncertainties that remain as to her circumstances 2003-2008). Was she studying anthrax? If so, what was the nature of her research? Was she cooperating with intelligence authorities and trying to infiltrate Al Qaeda and/or the Taliban? (That is her uncle’s explanation based on what she told him in January 2008 when she visited). Why is she associated with addresses in Ann Arbor? Did she visit her brother there in 2001? Did she visit Houston in June when she finished her thesis? (Had her brother moved from Ann Arbor to Houston yet?) The lab at her old building in Houston upgraded in March 2001 to BL-3 upon inserting plasmids into avirulent strains — at the same time Bruce Ivins fedexed Ames to Rick Lyons. Tropical Storm Allison had wiped out the basement lab and the doors were propped open. Her sister-in-law Lubna seems to have had an office near Dr. Koehler’s. Did Aafia ever visit the building that had the anthrax lab? (She used to go to school there years earlier for one year). Leave a Reply to DXer Cancel reply	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1124
__label__cc	0.602527	0.397473	Undergraduate programs in the College of Arts and Sciences are described in detail in this chapter. See subsections for specific program information as well as policies and procedures. The College of Arts and Sciences consists of 23 departments and institutes within the areas of the humanities, the natural and computational sciences, and the social and behavioral sciences. The college has approximately 12,000 undergraduate majors and 1,800 graduate students. The college also plays a major role in the general education curriculum required of all students in the university. At the undergraduate level, the College of Arts and Sciences offers the Bachelor of Arts, the Bachelor of Science, and the Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies. The requirements for these degrees build directly upon the broad educational foundation provided by the core curriculum. The College of Arts and Sciences, through its Graduate Studies division, offers graduate degrees and programs in numerous fields. The university publishes a graduate catalog that includes complete descriptions of all of the graduate programs offered at Georgia State University (available online at catalog.gsu.edu/). Faculty from throughout the college and university collaborate on research and service activities through a variety of interdisciplinary ventures. Additional information on the interdisciplinary centers and programs based in and affiliated with the College of Arts and Sciences is available at cas.gsu.edu/faculty-research/interdisciplinary-research-service-centers/. 25th floor, 25 Park Place Building cas.gsu.edu Sara Rosen, Dean John Augusto, Associate Dean for Strategic Initiatives Amber Amari, Assistant Dean for Graduate Studies Dan Deocampo, Associate Dean for Research, Graduate Studies, and Innovation Chad Dillard, Assistant Vice President for Development Kathryn McClymond, Associate Dean for Faculty Development John Medlock, Assistant Dean for Academic Success Fred Mote, Assistant Dean for Administration and Finance Shelly-Ann Williams, Director, Undergraduate Academic Assistance In the College of Arts and Sciences, the Department of Chemistry is accredited by by the American Chemical Society, the Heritage Preservation Program in the Department of History by the National Council for Preservation Education, the programs in secondary education by the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education, and the graduate program in psychology by the American Psychological Association. The Intensive English Program academic support program is accredited by the Commission on English Language Program Accreditation. Undergraduate degree and certificate programs are offered through the Departments of African-American Studies, Anthropology, Applied Linguistics and English as a Second Language, Biology, Chemistry, Communication, Computer Science, English, Geosciences, History, Mathematics and Statistics, Philosophy, Physics and Astronomy, Political Science, Psychology, Religious Studies, Sociology, and World Languages and Cultures; and interdisciplinary institutes in the areas of Creative Media Industries, Gerontology, Global Studies, Neuroscience, and Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies. In addition, undergraduate degree programs in secondary education for teachers of preschool through twelfth grade in world languages are offered through the College of Arts and Sciences. For application procedures and eligibility requirements, please refer to the “Teacher Preparation Programs” chapter of this catalog. African-American Studies; Anthropology; Applied Linguistics; English; French; Geosciences; German; History; Journalism, Philosophy; Political Science, Psychology; Religious Studies; Sociology, Spanish; Speech Communication; Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Bachelor of Science (B.S.) Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Computer Science, Geosciences, Mathematics, Neuroscience, Physics, Psychology Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies (B.I.S.) Asian Studies; Environmental Science; Game Design and Development; Gerontology; Global Studies; Italian Studies; Law and Society; Media Entrepreneurship; Middle East Studies; Philosophy, Politics, and Economics; student-planned. (See section 3030.50 below.) Cybersecurity, Data Science, Geographic Information Science, Gerontology, Language Ability (in multiple world languages), Sustainability, Teaching English as a Foreign Language, Water Science 3010.10 Academic Resources and Services Computer Science Tutoring Center GSU Sports Arena, Room 107 cs.gsu.edu/ The Computer Science Tutoring Center supports undergraduate instruction programs by providing tutorial assistance to students who are taking 2000/3000-level major courses in the Department of Computer Science. ESL Tutoring Library North 2 library.gsu.edu/learningcommons The Department of Applied Linguistics and English as a Second Language and the Intensive English Program offer ESL tutoring for Georgia State students. ESL tutoring provides students an opportunity to receive expert assistance in improving their written and oral English skills. Check the ESL Tutoring Schedule at the Research Support Desk on Library North 2 for walk-in appointment times. James M. Cox, Jr. New Media Instructional Lab 307 Classroom South Building The Department of Communication’s James M. Cox, Jr., New Media Instructional Lab provides access to a computer-networked facility with 22 workstations. News writing and desktop publishing courses are enhanced through the use of interactive communication between instructors and students. A satellite downlink transmits CNN NewsSource and other national and international video feeds to students who write, edit, and package their own news stories. Journalism Writing Lab 832 25 Park Place The Department of Communication’s Journalism Writing Laboratory provides tutorial support to students enrolled in journalism classes who wish assistance in improving their professional writing skills (including feedback on draft news reporting, public relations projects, and other related writing skills connected to media distribution. The lab is open during business hours on an open-access basis. Center for International Resources and Collaborative Language Engagement (CIRCLE) 128 Langdale Hall wlc.gsu.edu/home/language-resources/circle/ The Center for International Resources and Collaborative Language Engagement (CIRCLE), is a multi-purpose academic support center that offers walk-in tutoring in each of the languages taught at Georgia State and provides a variety of digital resources (i.e., software, apps, media and materials) to support the language studies of the university community. In addition, the CIRCLE hosts special events focused on cultural awareness and communication opportunities, such as conversation meetups, discussion groups, and other social events, as well as language and technology workshops. Mathematics Assistance Complex 125 Decatur St. mathstat.gsu.edu/undergraduate/current-students/mac/ The Mathematics Assistance Complex supports undergraduate instruction programs by providing tutorial assistance to students who are taking lower-division courses in mathematics and statistics in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics. The Mathematics Interactive Learning Environment 301 Urban Life Building mathstat.gsu.edu/undergraduate/current-students/mile/ Commons MILE University Commons Complex 141 Piedmont Ave The Mathematics Interactive Learning Environment (The MILE) is designed to support and promote the development of the undergraduate student’s mathematics skill and knowledge by accommodating diverse student learning styles and building student confidence and success in early mathematics courses. The MILE provides student-centered, computer-assisted, self-paced tutorials that include streaming video lectures, tutorial exercises and assistance by faculty, graduate, and undergraduate assistants. Military Science Leadership Lab ROTC Leadership laboratory meets every Thursday for 3 hours from 1 to 4 p.m. and focuses on key leadership theory and skills. In addition, we integrate our classroom instruction and individualized leadership training and assessment. Major areas encompass leadership theory and application in problem solving, small group interaction, goal setting and accomplishment, and decision making. We focus on developing today’s best and brightest into tomorrow’s leaders, focusing on confidence, mental agility, sound judgment and getting results. As they progress through the ROTC Leadership Lab, they gain self confidence through practical application of leader skills. There will be some mandatory weekend events and one weekend field training exercise during each semester. Major areas of instruction include professional officership, leadership values and ethics, and communication skills. The STEM Center (Atlanta Campus) provides the face-to-face tutoring in physics, biology, chemistry, computer science and math to all currently enrolled students. No appointment is necessary; just drop by during the hours of operation (Monday – Thursday 9 a.m. to 6 p.m.; Friday 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.) and see a tutor. 23rd Floor, 25 Park Place Bldg. writingstudio.gsu.edu/ The Writing Studio offers space for conversation, coffee, and writers, by creating a welcoming community for undergraduate and graduate students to practice the art of writing. Its purpose is to enhance the writing instruction that happens in academic classrooms by pairing writers with an experienced Reader. Readers, Graduate Assistants in the department of English, engage student writers in talk about their writing assignments and ideas, and familiarize them with audience expectations and academic genre conventions. We focus on invention (coming up with ideas), drafting (expanding ideas and supporting arguments), and arrangement (figuring out the best structure and organization for a text). Readers focus on the rhetorical aspects of the student text, and provide one-on-one, student-centered teaching of works-in-progress. The Writing Studio does not provide editorial or proofreading services. Readers will not write on student papers or in any way “correct” a student text. Students may work on course assignments or application materials for graduate and professional programs and scholarships. The Writing Studio is open only to currently enrolled students and recent alumni. The Studio is open the second week of each semester and closes the last Thursday before the end of classes. The Studio is closed between terms and for all university holidays. Students are welcome to drop in without appointments. More information is located on the website. The requirements for entrance into Georgia State University are found in the section of this catalog devoted to undergraduate admissions. A transfer student must comply with all academic regulations of the university. The College of Arts and Sciences reserves the right to validate by examination any credits accepted by transfer. This provision in no way affects the acceptance of courses used to satisfy core curriculum requirements at another unit of the University System of Georgia. Students holding a baccalaureate degree from an accredited college or university who wish to complete another undergraduate degree are urged to clear all requirements with an adviser in the Office of Academic Assistance. University Grade-Point Average and Grade Requirements Georgia State University undergraduate students must achieve an overall institutional grade-point average of 2.0 and a major GPA of 2.0 to receive a bachelor’s degree from the university. Grades of C- can be used to satisfy graduation requirements. However, some courses have prerequisites that require a grade of C or higher. (See section 1460 for additional information.) A minimum grade of C is required for all courses counting toward a minor. A maximum of 18 semester hours of degree credit may be granted before or after matriculation to a student who receives satisfactory scores on certain subject examinations of the College Level Examination Program of the College Entrance Examination Board. The student should consult the appropriate department or school or the Office of Academic Assistance for further information. The College of Arts and Sciences follows university guidelines for the acceptance of credit by examination. See section 1320.40 Credit by Examination for specific course equivalencies. Credit awarded by the academic departments within the College of Arts and Sciences does not apply toward the academic residence requirement. Credit for Transient Work Arts and Sciences students who wish to take course work at another institution, whether as a full-time or as a part-time student, must have prior written approval from the Office of Academic Assistance if they wish to apply the credit hours to a degree program. Failure to obtain the required prior approval will prevent the acceptance of such credits. Approval will be granted for no more than two terms of work and only if the student is in good academic standing at Georgia State University. No approval of requests to take courses in Atlanta-area colleges will be granted if the course is readily available from Georgia State offerings. During the term in which the student is scheduled to graduate, all courses must be taken at Georgia State unless prior written approval has been obtained from the Office of Academic Assistance. The acceptance and application of all course work taken as a transient student is subject to any limitations imposed by the student’s major department, school, or program of study. Please consult the “Academic Regulations” section of this catalog for further clarification in regard to transient credit. Credit for Veteran’s Service University students who are veterans of any service, active, reserve, or National Guard, or who have attended a service academy, may receive advanced placement in the Department of Military Science and Leadership (ROTC). Course 4999 – Directed Readings Course 4999, Directed Readings, in any department/school/institute that offers a major in the College of Arts and Sciences is designed to assist seniors who are within two terms of graduation and who have curriculum difficulties in fulfilling the requirements necessary for graduation. One to four credit hours may be earned. The supervising professor, the departmental chair/school director, and the dean of the college must approve registration for the course. Forms for Course 4999 must be completed at the time of regular registration for the term in which the credit is to be earned and can be obtained through department/school offices or the college’s Office of Academic Assistance. Policy on Allowing Undergraduates to Take Graduate Courses Under one of the following conditions, an undergraduate student may be permitted to take a graduate course: Dual Degree Enrollment: The student has been formally accepted into an official university dual degree program that links an undergraduate degree program with a graduate degree program. Students in dual degree programs are granted permission to enroll in specified graduate courses when they reach a designated program milestone. Students who are accepted into the affiliated graduate program upon completion of the undergraduate degree may count specified course work toward fulfillment of the graduate degree requirements. A current listing of official undergraduate/graduate dual degree programs is available at cas.gsu.edu/dual-degrees/. College Approval of Enrollment: The dean’s office of the college will determine a student’s eligibility for admission into a graduate course. To be eligible, an undergraduate student generally must have a cumulative grade-point average of 3.5 or higher and be within 18 semester hours of graduation, and be enrolled in an undergraduate degree program. Eligibility does not guarantee permission to take a course. Once a student’s eligibility is determined, permission must be granted by the instructor for the course, the department’s/school’s director of graduate studies, the chair/director of the department/school offering the course, and the Associate Dean of Graduate Studies in the College of Arts and Sciences. The request form is located at cas.gsu.edu/dual-degrees/. Please note, graduate courses taken by an undergraduate student cannot be applied toward fulfillment of graduate degree requirements unless the student has been formally accepted into an official university dual degree program. (This approval process does not apply to postbaccalaureate students. Postbaccalaureate students wishing to take graduate courses must be admitted as non-degree seeking students. See cas.gsu.edu/graduate-services/admissions/reentry/ for additional information.) 3030.10 World Language Requirement for B.A./B.I.S. Majors The College of Arts and Sciences requires the completion of a world language at the 1002 or 1101 level for all students seeking a Bachelor of Arts degree or a Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies degree (with certain exceptions listed below). This requirement can be met by one of the following options: 1) taking a course numbered 1002, 1101, or higher, 2) Taking the CLEP exam in French, German, or Spanish for credit at the 2001 and 2002 level, or 3) Taking the SAT II exam in Chinese, Japanese, or Korean and receiving at least the equivalent of a grade of “C” (73% of the highest possible exam score). For more information about the exams please contact the Counseling and Testing Center at 404-413-1740. Students in the following B.I.S. programs that are closely aligned with Bachelor of Science programs are not required to complete a world language: Environmental Science. The world language requirement for students enrolled in the Bachelor of Arts and the Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies programs is most commonly included in core curriculum Area F (Courses Appropriate to the Major); however, programs may also require students to complete world language courses in Area G, the 60 semester hours beyond the core curriculum. Students transferring to Georgia State with a completed core curriculum Area F, yet without sufficient course work to meet a program’s world language requirement, will be required to fulfill the necessary courses in the second 60 semester hours. Students who take a language course in Area C and subsequently declare a major in a program leading to a Bachelor of Arts and the Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies will find that the language course no longer counts in Area C but in Area F or Area G. For this reason, the college recommends that students in the Bachelor of Arts and the Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies programs not include a world language course in core curriculum Area C (Fine Arts and Humanities). Students who would like to begin a new world language, or to take a second world language, should consult a program adviser concerning the possibility of earning credit for the first semester of elementary world language (1001) in either core curriculum Area F or in the second 60 hours. 3030.30 Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies The Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies degree provides educational opportunities not readily available through traditional departmental degree programs. Students have flexibility in developing a course of study appropriate to their goals by selecting courses from several departments and institutes in the College of Arts and Sciences. Students may also include courses from other colleges of this university in their interdisciplinary program. It is not the function of the interdisciplinary program to combine an assortment of course work as a last-minute effort to facilitate a student’s graduation. Enrollment in College-Planned Programs Students may enroll in a B.I.S. concentration on admission to Georgia State University. Students who wish to change their major to this degree program may also select a concentration with their academic advisor. Enrollment into a concentration can occur only when a student has a cumulative grade-point average of 2.0. Students who enroll in a concentration will be required to submit a course plan checklist to demonstrate their understanding of the degree requirements. It is highly recommended that students develop a course of study with their specific faculty coordinator before taking coursework in the degree program to avoid taking courses that will not count towards graduation. Program Degree Requirements There are two options in the Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies program, the college-planned option and the student-planned option. Students must complete coursework in at least three disciplines (defined by course prefixes) in Area G and in at least two disciplines in Area H. Areas G and H should be constructed so that students take courses in distinct disciplines in each area (with some overlap expected); that is, the same prefix should not predominate in both Area G and H. Courses in the area of concentration (Area G) and allied field (Area H) must be at the 3000-4000 level. Also, a grade of C or higher is required in all courses in the area of concentration (Area G) and allied field (Area H). Electives are used to build the hours in Areas G-J to have 39 hours at Georgia State University taken at the 3000-4000 level for residency, and complete 120 hours required for graduation. Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies College-Planned Programs Students may choose a program designed by the college as follows: Asian Studies; Environmental Science; Game Design and Development; Gerontology; Global Studies, Law and Society; Media Entrepreneurship; Middle East Studies; and Philosophy, Politics, and Economics. For information about the college-planned programs, see the alphabetical list of programs later in this chapter of the catalog. Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies Student-Planned Program Students may choose the option to propose their own program of study for approval by the college B.I.S. coordinator. Students may select their proposed courses from any college in the university, as long as at least 50 percent of the hours in the program are chosen from courses in the College of Arts and Sciences. Students should have their proposed student-planned programs reviewed by the B.I.S. coordinator by the time they have earned 42 hours. To gain approval into the program, students must articulate a reasonable and educationally justifiable course of study. Proposed interdisciplinary degree programs cannot resemble current programs offered at the university. Students interested in initiating the application process must first schedule an appointment with an academic advisor in the Office of Academic Assistance, 404-413-5000 (see section 3040). Students must also select an appropriate faculty coordinator to provide guidance in developing the interdisciplinary program. Course of Study Outline for Student-Planned Programs: Areas A-E: Core Curriculum (42) All undergraduate students satisfy a common core curriculum. These requirements are printed in the “Academic Regulations” section of this catalog. Area F: Courses Appropriate to the Major Field (18) Courses in this area should be included in the program proposal. The courses selected for this area must be at the lower-division level and judged to be programmatically appropriate to the intent of the proposed program. A world language at the 1002 level must be included in Area F of all student-planned programs. Area G: Area of Concentration (similar to a traditional major area, except interdisciplinary in content). Area H: Allied Field (similar to a minor, except interdisciplinary in content). Area J: Electives When developing a student-planned program, the student may choose one of the following structures: Program Plan Structure One: An area of concentration (27-33 semester hours) with an allied field (15-21 semester hours) and electives (6-18 semester hours). Program Plan Structure Two: An area of concentration (27-33 semester hours) with two allied fields (15-21 semester hours each). Program Plan Structure Three: Two areas of concentration (27-33 semester hours each). 3030.40 The Interdisciplinary Minor The interdisciplinary minor provides educational opportunities not otherwise available and allows students the flexibility to select courses for the minor from several departments/schools/colleges at the university. Students can choose to pursue either a college-planned or a student-planned interdisciplinary minor. College planned interdisciplinary minors are available in the following emphasis areas: Advanced Leadership and Management, Asian Studies, Chinese Studies, Communication Sciences, Entertainment Media Management, Game Design and Development, Human Rights and Democracy, Jewish Studies, Latin American Studies, and Middle East Studies are also available. For information about the college-planned interdisciplinary minors, see the alphabetical list of programs later in this chapter of this catalog. Students pursuing a student-planned interdisciplinary minor must propose their 15-18 hours for approval by the college BIS coordinator. A proposal must identify the way in which the minor fits into the context of the student’s entire degree program. To gain approval, students must articulate a reasonable and educationally justifiable course of study and must keep in mind that this course of study may not duplicate what is currently available. The following requirements apply to the interdisciplinary minor: The student must have a Georgia State University cumulative grade-point average of 2.0; A minor must contain 15 to 18 semester hours of coursework with at least 9 hours of upper-division coursework (3000 to 4999). No more than six hours from a single discipline/prefix. Courses counted toward the interdisciplinary minor cannot also count toward the major; A grade of “C” or better is required in all minor courses; and For student-planned programs, at least 50 percent of the minor must be completed after the semester in which college BIS coordinator approves the minor program plan. Students should contact the Office of Academic Assistance at 404-413-5000 for information on the application procedure. The program of emphasis for the interdisciplinary minor is not listed on the official Georgia State University transcript. The program is designated as Interdisciplinary Minor on the transcript. 3rd floor, 25 Park Place Bldg. cas.gsu.edu/undergraduate/student-advising/ Director: Shelly-Ann Williams Associate Director: Linda P. King Assistant Director: Rene Mondy The Office of Academic Assistance supports departments and schools in providing academic advisement for students in the college, primarily those who have earned 90 hours. Students with fewer than 90 hours are advised through the University Advisement Center (see advisement.gsu.edu). This office also works with students on career development and on marketing a liberal arts background in the current job environment. The Office of Academic Assistance prepares evaluations of transfer work done at other institutions as well as academic program reviews for each major offered through the college. It also assists with course selections and schedule revisions and provides information concerning college and university policies. Students are advised by appointment or may walk-in for brief consultations. During the academic year, the office is open from 8:30 a.m. to 5:15 p.m. Monday through Friday. Students seeking a degree in the College of Arts and Sciences should become familiar with the academic regulations of the university stated elsewhere in this catalog. Although the College of Arts and Sciences will endeavor to provide timely and accurate advisement, it is the responsibility of the student to know and to satisfy the degree requirements of his or her academic program. The College of Arts and Sciences encourages its majors to build relationships with the undergraduate support personnel in their major departments and institutes. A strong undergraduate program is possible only if there are frequent opportunities for students to discuss their academic work and career goals with one of their major professors. In a large urban institution such as Georgia State University, contact is essential if students are to receive individual attention and enjoy the full benefits of a liberal arts education. The appeals procedure for students in the College of Arts and Sciences will follow different courses depending on the nature of the student’s appeal. Please refer to University Information Section 1050.80 under Polices and Disclosures in this catalog or visit enrollment.gsu.edu/assistance/ for details. Department Main Office Catalog Sections Department of African-American Studies 962 One Park Place South; 404-413-5135 3090 Department of Anthropology 335 Sparks Hall; 404-413-5156 3100 Department of Applied Linguistics and English as a Second Language 15th Floor, 25 Park Place; 404-413-5200 3110, 3230, 3330 Department of Biology 495 Petit Science Center; 404-413-5300 3170, 3240 Department of Chemistry 380 Petit Science Center; 404-413-5500 3180 Department of Communication 8th Floor, 25 Park Place; 404-413-5600 3380, 3540 Department of Computer Science 7th Floor, 25 Park Place; 404-413-5700 3210 Creative Media Industries Institute 2nd Floor, 25 Park Place; 404-413-5706 3235, 3285, 3415 Department of English 23rd Floor, 25 Park Place; 404-413-5800 3220 Department of Geosciences 730 Langdale Hall; 404-413-5750 3290 Gerontology Institute 605 One Park Place; 404-413-5210 3310 Global Studies Institute 18th floor, 25 Park Place; 404-413-6645 3315 Department of History 20th floor, 25 Park Place; 404-413-6385 3320, 3480 Department of Mathematics and Statistics 14th floor, 25 Park Place; 404-413-6400 3410 Department of Military Science and Leadership GSU Stadium, ROTC Suite; 404-413-6493 3430, 3445 Neuroscience Institute 800 Petit Science Center; 404-413-5445 3445 Department of Philosophy 16th floor, 25 Park Place; 404-413-6100 3397, 3450, 3480 Department of Physics and Astronomy 6th Floor, 25 Park Place; 404-413-4033 3160, 3460, 3550 Department of Political Science 1005 Langdale Hall; 404-413-6159 3400, 3470, 3480 Department of Psychology 11th floor, Urban Life; 404-413-6200 3500 Department of Religious Studies 17th floor, 25 Park Place; 404-413-6110 3510 Department of Sociology 1041 Langdale Hall; 404-413-6500 3520 Institute for Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies 22nd floor, 25 Park Place; 404-413-6587 3570 World Languages and Cultures 19th floor, 25 Park Place; 404-413-5980 3120, 3150, 3183, 3280, 3300, 3350, 3370, 3385, 3420, 3530, 3550 Programs Offered: Bachelor of Arts in African-American Studies Concentration in Arts and Aesthetics Concentration in Health and Human Development Concentration in Social Justice and Community Empowerment Concentration in Pre-Education Minor in African American Studies Department of African-American Studies 962 One Park Place South aas.gsu.edu Jonathan Gayles, Chair Makungu Akinyela, Undergraduate Director African-American Studies offers an interdisciplinary approach to the study of African people nationally and globally. The field recognizes that the lived experience of African and African descendant peoples worldwide are impacted by a myriad of factors including cultural diversity, emerging technologies, and political economy. As an interdisciplinary field of concentration, it offers, enhances, and critiques knowledge presented in the traditional disciplines and professions, scholarly and artistic accounts of the realities of the lives of African-Americans, and perspectives on social change. The Department of African-American Studies provides students with the intellectual origins, concepts, research, and models of the discipline; the knowledge and skills necessary for the study of group cultures; and a curriculum that contributes to the goals of African-American Studies and a culturally diverse education. Civic engagement, service learning, and a social justice orientation are fundamental aspects to the African-American Studies curriculum. Faculty and courses are drawn from the department itself and from other departments/schools/institutes in the university. Academic Advisement for Undergraduate Students Academic advisement for undergraduate students is provided through the University Advisement Center (freshman through junior status/fewer than 90 hours) and the college’s Office of Academic Assistance (senior status/90 or more hours). See section 3040 for additional information. Alternatives are available to some core and major requirements. Please see a degree program advisor for specific guidelines. In addition to the Program Degree Requirements, students must fulfill the College of Arts and Sciences Degree Requirements (see section 3030) and the University Degree Requirements (see section 1400). Georgia State University undergraduate students must achieve an overall institutional grade-point average of 2.0 and a major GPA of 2.0 in Areas G and H to receive a bachelor’s degree from the university. Grades of C- can be used to satisfy graduation requirements. However, some courses have prerequisites that require a grade of C or higher. (See section 1460 for additional information.) B.A. in African-American Studies Required Courses (6) AAS 2010 Introduction to African-American Studies (3) Select one of the following: AAS 1141 Introduction to African and African American History to 1865 (3) AAS 1142 Introduction to African American History Since 1865 (3) World language at the 1002 level or higher (3) Select additional elective courses from the following to complete 18 hours in Area F: AAS 1141 or AAS 1142 (if not taken in section 1 above), AAS 2140, ANTH 2020, AH 1850, ECON 2105, ECON 2106, ENGL 2140, GEOG 1101, GERO 2000, HIST 1111, HIST 1112, PHIL 2010, POLS 2401, PSYC 1101, PSYC 2040, PSYC 2103, SOCI 1101, SOCI 1160, WGSS 2010 Area G: Major Courses (33) Required course to fulfill CTW requirement (3): AAS 3980 Research Methods in African-American Studies-CTW (3) Major Requirements (12) Select the following global competency course: AAS 3120 African Diaspora (3) Select one intellectual foundations course from the following: AAS 3975 Concepts and Theories in African-American Studies (3) AAS 4120 African American Political Thought (3) Select one gender and sexuality course from the following: AAS 4125 Black Feminist Thought (3) AAS 3010 Narratives of Race, Gender, and Sexuality (3) Select one AAS literature course from the following: AAS 3880 African-American Literature (3) AAS 3960 African-American Literature by Women (3) AAS 4890 Caribbean Literature (3) A minimum of 15 hours must be taken from African-American Studies courses at 3000-4000 level which must include: three courses from one of the three areas (1) Health and Human Development, (2) Social Justice and Community Empowerment, and (3) Arts and Aesthetics of concentration and two courses from the other two concentrations. AAS 4980 Seminar and Practicum in African-American Studies (3) Arts and Aesthetics (15): Students in this concentration are required to take three courses, and must engage at least two of the three areas of the arts. For example, a student may take one course in each area of the arts, or two courses in one area and one course in another. Performance Arts AAS 4360 Studies in Black Dance (3) AAS 4650 African American Theater (3) Visual and Popular Arts AAS 4625 Black Mecca and Black Popular Culture (3) AAS 4900 African Americans in Film (3) AAS 4350 Black Visual Representation: Iconography of the African Diaspora (3) AAS 4950 African American Popular Culture (3) AAS 3500 Jazz History (3) AAS 3810 History of African American Music (3) MUA 3970 Rhythm and Blues (3) Select from the following options (6): Course(s) from Health and Human Development concentration (0-6) Course(s) from Social Justice and Community Empowerment (0-6) Health and Human Development Concentration (15): Core Required Classes: (6) AAS 4105 Race and Health (3) AAS 4000 Issues in the African American Community (3) Students must choose one course from these: AAS 4030 African American Relationships (3) AAS 4110 Black Women and Health (3) AAS 4280 African American Anthropology (3) AAS 3050 African American Psychology (3) Course(s) from Social Justice and Community Empowerment concentration (0-6) Course(s) from Arts and Aesthetics concentration (0-6) Social Justice and Community Empowerment (15) Take one course from each of the following three categories (9): Social and Community Organization: AAS 3000 African-American Family (3) AAS 4000 Issues in the African-American Community (3) Politics and Activism: AAS 4160 African-American Politics (3) AAS 4180 Politics of the Civil Rights Movement (3) AAS 4550 Activism and Black Freedom Movements (3) Gender and Sexuality in Social Change: AAS 4080 African-American Female Activism (3) AAS 4100 African-American Women in the United States (3) AAS 4530 Voices of African-American Feminists (3) AAS 4780 African-American Lesbian and Gay Activism (3) Pre-Education Concentration The Department of African-American Studies offers a pre-education track with a concentration in history for students who wish to become public school teachers and to be certified to teach by completing the initial teacher preparation for the M.A.T. Program in Social Studies Education in the College of Education and Human Development (or a similar master’s level initial preparation program at another university). The pre-education track in African-American studies develops teachers to work effectively in multi-cultural classrooms. The pre-education track in African-American Studies prepares teachers to teach students from diverse ethnic, gender, cultural, and social class groups by offering curricula that examine the histories and experiences of people of African descent and aspects of cultural identity formation in the U.S., Africa, and the Caribbean. This track also prepares educators to develop their students to be citizens of a global community. Students who wish to pursue the pre-education track in African-American Studies must take ten designated upper-division major courses (33 credit hours), take three education courses (9), and complete the coursework in one or more of the following allied fields: political science (9), geography (9), or economics (9). Required Courses to fulfill CTW requirement (6) AAS 4980 Seminar and Practicum in African-American Studies-CTW (3) Additional Courses (27): AAS 3450 History of African Americans in Georgia (3) AAS 4010 Service Learning in the African American Community (3) AAS 4640/HIST 4270 African-American People (4) AAS 4600/HIST 4280 Enslavement and Resistance in North America (3) AAS 4620/HIST 4290 Enslavement in the Americas (3) AAS 4772/HIST 4772/WGSS 4772 Women in Africa (3) AAS 4774 African Rebellions (3) HIST 3000 Introduction to Historical Studies-CTW (4) HIST 3220 United States in the Twentieth Century (4) Total Number of Hours: 33 Allied Fields (18) Select two or more out of the following fields: Political Science (9) (3000-4000 level courses) Geography (9) (3000-4000 level courses) Economics (9) (3000-4000 level courses) Education (Required: EXC 4020; along with two of the following: LT 3210, EDCI 3200, EDUC 3010, EDUC 4982, EDSS 3400, and EDLA 3200) (9) One Behavioral Sciences field: Anthropology, Sociology, or Psychology (9) (3000-4000 level courses) Area H: Minor and Additional Courses Students majoring in African-American Studies: Are not required to take a minor. Must take additional courses as electives to complete a minimum of 120 hours, exclusive of KH 1010. Minor in African-American Studies A grade of C is required for all courses counting toward the minor. Students who wish to minor in African-American Studies should complete the following requirements (15). Complete the following three courses (9) AAS 4120 African-American Political Thought (3) Select two African-American Studies courses at the 3000 level or above (6). Graduation with Distinction in the Major This department offers undergraduate students with the opportunity to earn the designation of graduation with distinction in the major. In order to achieve distinction in the major, students must earn a GPA of 3.5 or higher within the AAS major and an overall GPA of 3.0 or higher. Bachelor of Arts in Anthropology Minor in Anthropology 335 Sparks Hall anthropology.gsu.edu Kathryn A. Kozaitis, Chair Cassandra White, Director of Undergraduate Studies Anthropology, the study of humans, provides students with a perspective on the nature of humankind over time and in different environments. It is concerned with humans as biological beings (biological anthropology), with prehistory and cultural evolution (archaeology), and with how humans order their worlds socially and culturally (social/cultural anthropology), as well as with the nature of human language (linguistic anthropology). The Department of Anthropology offers a Bachelor of Arts degree in Anthropology. Undergraduate majors are encouraged to take a wide range of courses in archaeology, biological anthropology, cultural anthropology, and linguistic anthropology. Anthropologists are frequently teachers and/or researchers in colleges and universities, or, alternatively, they work for public and private agencies. Within these areas, they may be specifically concerned with historic or cultural resource preservation or cross-cultural competencies in such areas as medicine, community development, education, tourism, business, and other specialties. Program Financial Information No additional expenses are needed to complete this degree program. Some special courses that travel away from campus, such as ANTH 4550 Field School in Anthropology, will have additional costs. The department offers two endowed scholarships for undergraduate majors: the Robert L. Blakeley Endowed Scholarship in Anthropology and the Jeremy D. Gillen Endowed Memorial Scholarship in Anthropology. Alternatives are available to some core and major requirements. Please see the Director of Undergraduate Studies for specific guidelines. B.A. in Anthropology Required Courses (12) ANTH 2010 Introduction to Biological Anthropology (3) ANTH 2020 Introduction to Cultural Anthropology (3) ANTH 2030 Archaeology and Prehistory (3) Select additional courses as follows to complete 18 hours in Area F: Choose at least one course from the following: ANTH 1102 Introduction to Anthropology (3) ENVS 1402 Plant Resources in the Environment (4) GEOG 1101 Introduction to Human Geography (3) GEOL 1122K Introductory Geology II (4) MATH 1401 Elementary Statistics (3) HIST 1111 Survey of World History to 1500 (3) PHIL 1010 Critical Thinking (2) PERS 2001 Perspectives on Comparative Culture (3) SOCI 1101 Introduction to Sociology (3) WGSS 2010 Introduction to Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality World language at the 2001 level (3) Choose no more than one course from the following: AL 2101 Exploring Language (3) AL 2102 Languages of the World (3) ANTH 2040 Introduction to Linguistic Anthropology (3) Course that fulfills CTW requirement (3): ANTH 4970 Senior Seminar in Anthropology-CTW (3) Theory Course. Select one: ANTH 4020 Anthropological Theory (4) ANTH 4600 Archaeological Theory (4) Methods Course. Select one (at least 3 hours) ANTH 4340 Applied Anthropology (3) ANTH 4360 Methods and Theories in Biological Anthropology (3) ANTH 4370 Forensic Anthropology (3) ANTH 4480 Ethnography Into the 21st Century (4) ANTH 4550 Field School in Anthropology (4-8) ANTH 4590 Archaeological Methods (4) ANTH 4670 Methods in Sociocultural Anthropology (3) Electives: Additional courses at the 3000 or 4000 level (at least 17 hours) Students majoring in anthropology are not required to take a minor. Students majoring in anthropology must take additional courses as electives to complete a minimum of 120 hours, exclusive of KH 1010. Students who wish to minor in anthropology should complete the following requirements (1 and 2). (at least 15 hours) Select one course. (3) Select four anthropology courses at the 3000 level or above (at least 12 hours). Students taking more than 15 hours in courses in anthropology may count the additional hours toward their electives or may consider completing a double major. This unit offers undergraduate students with the opportunity to earn the designation of graduation with distinction in the major. Please contact the undergraduate director for the specific criteria for this honor. Bachelor of Arts in Applied Linguistics Certificate in Teaching English as a Foreign Language Minor in Applied Linguistics ESL Credit-Bearing Courses Dual B.A. / M.A. in Applied Linguistics Department of Applied Linguistics and English as a Second Language alesl.gsu.edu Diane Belcher, Chair Hae Sung Yang, Undergraduate Director Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field that integrates many perspectives on the study of human language. Studying linguistics is not a matter of learning many different languages, but rather it is the study of the nature of language in general. Applied Linguistics is the study of language and communication in relation to real-world problems such as language acquisition and teaching, language assessment, language analysis on a large or small scale, improving intercultural communication, and understanding the relationship between language and social organization or behaviors. The Department of Applied Linguistics and English as a Second Language offers 1) a B.A. degree in Applied Linguistics; 2) a minor in Applied Linguistics; 3) a certificate* in Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL), 4) ESL credit-bearing courses for non-native speakers of English, and 5) Intensive English Program (IEP) courses for non-native speakers of English. NOTE: The TEFL certificate overlaps with and may be combined with either the major or the minor. The major and minor in Applied Linguistics provide the opportunity for students to explore the field of linguistics from an interdisciplinary perspective. The TEFL certificate program provides students with appropriate skills and a credential that will enable them to teach English as a foreign/world language abroad. Students majoring in any undergraduate program can earn the TEFL certificate. In addition, the certificate can be earned by any post baccalaureate student. TEFL certificate requirements consist of the following five courses: AL 3021, AL 3041, AL 3051, AL 3101, and AL 4161. AL 3021 is a prerequisite for AL 3041, AL 3051, and AL 4161. AL 2021 Intro to English Linguistics is a prerequisite to these courses, except for post-baccalaureate students, but students may be exempted from this requirement by taking a departmental exam. AL 3021 is the first course in the series, but may be taken in conjunction with AL 3051 and AL 3101. AL 4161 should be the last course taken, and AL 3051 is a prerequisite to this practicum course. For information on credit-bearing ESL courses for non-native speakers of English and the Intensive English Program, see Sections 3230 (English as a Second Language) and 3330 (Intensive English Program). Students must earn a grade of C or better in any courses required for Area F. A grade of C or higher is also required in all courses counting toward an Applied Linguistics minor and/or the TEFL certificate. Alternatives are available to some core and major requirements. Please see a degree program advisor for specific guidelines. In addition to the Program Degree Requirements, students must fulfill the College of Arts and Sciences Degree Requirements (see section 3030) and the University Degree Requirements (see section 1400). Effective summer 2009, lab fees will be assessed automatically for students who register for certain courses. As a result, students will no longer be required to purchase lab fee cards. For more information, please feel free to contact the department or review the GoSolar or catalog course listings to determine if a course includes a lab fee. B.A. in Applied Linguistics Choose two of the following (6): AL 2021 Introduction to English Linguistics (3) AL 2101 Exploring Language (3)* AL 2231 Understanding Miscommunication (3) AL 2290 Introductory Special Topics in Applied Linguistics (3) NOTE: Some 2000-level courses are prerequisites to upper-level AL courses. See course descriptions or an advisor for details. World language requirements (3-12): World language through the 2002 level (0-9): Students must complete world language courses through level 2002 in one world language or demonstrate equivalent proficiency through examination (e.g., Advanced Placement, CLEP, or other approved examination procedures). American Sign Language (ASL) may now be taken for your entire four-semester language series. Less commonly taught World language (3): Students must complete at least one semester of a less commonly taught language (i.e., any language other than French, German, Latin, Spanish, or Italian) and are strongly encouraged to study a non-Indo-European language to fulfill this requirement. This requirement is in addition to the four-semester language series, unless the language studied through 2002 is an LCTL. American Sign Language is considered an LTCL for the purposes of fulfilling this requirement. A student may include world language study through course 1002 in area C; in this case additional electives may be taken in Area F to attain 18 credit hours. World Language 1001-1002 (3-6) ECON 2100 Global Economy (3) ENGL 2110 World Literature (3) PHIL 2010 Introduction to Philosophy (3) PSYC 1101 Introduction to General Psychology (3) SCOM 1010 Voice and Articulation (3) SCOM 2400 Interpersonal Communication (3) Students who complete their world language requirement through examination or use their world language courses in a minor must choose additional electives at the 1000/2000 level to reach 18 credit hours in Area F. Applied linguistics students are encouraged to study additional languages to fulfill these requirements. Students must complete AL 2021 or successfully pass the departmental placement test to enroll in AL 3021. AL 3021 Introduction to Linguistics (3)+ Required courses (6): AL 3031 Language in Society (3) AL 4151 Communication across Cultures-CTW (3) OR AL 4241 Senior Seminar in Applied Linguistics-CTW (3) Note: AL 3031 is a prerequisite to AL 4151. AL 4241 may have other prerequisites, depending on its topic. Take AL 3031 and choose one CTW course (the other may be used as elective under #4 or #5 below). Major Requirements (9): AL 3021 is a prerequisite to the courses in this area. Choose three (the fourth may be used as elective under #4 or #5 below). AL 3041 Introduction to Second Language Acquisition (3)+ AL 4011 Phonetics and Phonology (3) AL 4012 Morphology and Syntax (3) AL 4111 Semantics and Pragmatics (3) Additional Upper-Level Electives in the Department of Applied Linguistics and ESL. (9) AL 3051 Teaching English as a Foreign Language I: Methods and Approaches (3)+ AL 3101 English Grammar in Use (3)+ AL 4090 Language and Computers (3) AL 4121 Historical Linguistics (3) AL 4131 Bilingualism (3) AL 4141 Special Topics (3) (may be repeated with different topics) AL 4161 Teaching English as a Foreign Language II: Practicum and Classroom Practices (3)+ AL 4980 Internship (3) (may be repeated) AL 4985 Internship Abroad (3) AL 4999 Directed Reading (3) +NOTE: Students completing the five courses marked with a plus sign (+) will also receive the certificate in Teaching English as a Foreign Language if they apply for it. One signature experience elective. Choose one course from the following. Other relevant electives inside or outside the department may be taken with departmental approval. (3) AL 4980 Internship AL 4985 Internship Abroad Any 3xxx or 4xxx course taken while on study abroad or international exchange Any 3000- or 4000-level world language course (including American Sign Language) in your world language An extra AL CTW course (AL 4151 or AL 4241, not taken for requirements above) An extra Linguistic Analysis elective (AL 3041, AL 4011, AL 4012, or AL 4111, not taken for requirements above) An approved course in an allied field (see department for approval) Students majoring in applied linguistics are not required to take a minor. Students majoring in applied linguistics must take additional courses as electives to complete a minimum of 120 total hours, exclusive of KH 1010, and 39 residency hours. Students are strongly encouraged to choose electives from the lists above in cognate disciplines such as Anthropology, World Languages, Sociology, Speech Communication, Psychology, Philosophy, History, Religious Studies, English, Education, etc. Minor Offerings Students who wish to minor in applied linguistics should complete the following six requirements (15-18 hours). A grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. AL 3021 Introduction to Linguistics is a prerequisite for all courses in 4-6. Students who wish to complete both a minor and a TEFL certificate may count some of the same courses toward requirements for both programs. The minor is 15-18 hours and the TEFL certificate is 15-18 hours; completed together they are 21-27 hours. See the departmental advisor for more information on this combined program of study. World language at the 1002-level (3) Any 2000 level AL course (3) AL 3041 Introduction to Second Language Acquisition (3) AL 4011 Phonetics & Phonology (3) AL 4012 Morphology & Syntax (3) Any 3000 or 4000 level AL course (3): NOTE: The world language 1002 is waived if it is a requirement in the student’s declared major. +NOTE: AL 2021 Introduction to English Linguistics or a passing exemption exam score is a prerequisite to AL 3021. Dual B.A. / M.A. Program in Applied Linguistics The department offers a dual Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics. The dual degree opportunity enables qualified students to enroll in graduate courses late in their undergraduate program and apply the coursework toward both the bachelor’s and master’s programs. Students must be formally accepted into the dual degree program by the department and College of Arts and Sciences to be able to take graduate courses as an undergraduate. Additionally, acceptance into the dual program does not constitute admission to the master’s program. Students must fulfill regular graduate admissions requirements and apply for the master’s program following college processes. Information about the dual program, including application instructions and program requirements, can be found at cas.gsu.edu/dual-degrees/. This department offers undergraduate students the opportunity to earn the designation of graduation with distinction in the major. Please contact the department undergraduate director for the specific criteria for this honor. Program Offered: Minor in Arabic Language and Literature Certificate of Language Ability in Arabic Department of World Languages and Cultures 19th Floor, 25 Park Place Bldg. wlc.gsu.edu William Nichols, Chair Faye Stewart, Associate Chair Shuai Li, Undergraduate Director Ian Campbell, Faculty Coordinator Students who wish to minor in Arabic must take 15-18 hours in Arabic language and literature, including at least nine semester hours at the 3000 level or above. Students taking more than 15 hours of courses in the language may count the additional hours toward their electives. No more than 3 hours may be taken in Arabic literature courses taught in English. A grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. Current courses available for the minor include: ARBC 1001 Elementary Arabic I (3) ARBC 1002 Elementary Arabic II (3) ARBC 2001 Intermediate Arabic I (3) ARBC 2002 Intermediate Arabic II (3) ARBC 3001 Advanced Arabic (3) ARBC 4501 Classical Arabic Literature and Culture (3) ARBC 4502 Modern Arabic Literature in Translation (3) ARBC 4999 Directed Readings (1-6) This minor is not intended for those who are fluent in written and spoken Arabic. Please see a program advisor before signing up for the Arabic minor. A strong demand exists by employers for candidates to offer credentials to verify language proficiency in both oral and written communication. The undergraduate Certificate of Language Ability is designed for students to offer tangible proof of their language abilities and makes an ideal complement to other areas of study such as business, international relations, public health, criminal justice, hospitality, and more. The certificate consists of 12 credit hours at 2000 and 3000 level (minimum of 6 must be at the 3000 level), with a B or higher in the first attempt at each course. Courses retaken using the university Repeat to Replace policy are not counted as first attempts. At the 2000-level, students may enroll in ARBC 2001 and ARBC 2002. At the 3000-level students may enroll in ARBC 3001 and ARBC 3002. Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies with a Concentration in Asian Studies Interdisciplinary Minor in Asian Studies Faculty Coordinator: Ghulam Nadri, gnadri@gsu.edu, Department of History The Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies (BIS) program in Asian Studies offers students an opportunity to acquire knowledge of this important and unique world region and a career-oriented range of skills. It allows students to follow a course plan with concentration in international business and economy. By taking a set of courses, students may also take a minor in international business. For students interested in teaching English in China, Japan, Korea, or elsewhere in Asia, it allows a concentration in English as a Second Language (ESL) with an option to obtain a TEFL certificate from the Department of Applied Linguistics (TEFL Certificate). Students interested in Asian societies and cultures will have the option to concentrate in Chinese, Japanese, or Indian/South Asian studies. It allows students to choose from a large pool of courses (taught by Georgia State faculty experts in their regions and disciplines) appropriate to their areas of concentration. The minor in Asian Studies is an excellent complement to many other majors. Students pursuing a career in teaching English as a second language, international politics, international business, world history, world/comparative religions or another field, should consider a minor in Asian Studies as a way to strengthen their academic/professional credentials and increase marketable skills. Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Arts students should also consult regularly with the faculty program coordinator for the specific program regarding course selection, program plans, experiential learning, and other academic opportunities. Program Admission Students may enroll in a concentration upon admission to Georgia State University. Students who wish to change their major to this degree program should select a concentration in consultation with their academic advisor and the faculty coordinator. A 2.0 Georgia State University GPA is required. Please refer to the Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies section 3030.30 of this catalog for academic regulations for this program. Requirements follow a student’s catalog edition (year when B.I.S. major was approved). Areas A-E: Core Curriculum Recommendations While students are free to choose from the available courses in Areas A-E, the following are recommended choices for students in the Asian Studies BIS. Area B: PERS 2002 Scientific Perspectives on Global Problems (2) PERS 2003 Perspectives on Human Expression (2) Area C: Humanities Group: RELS 2001 Intro to World Religions (3) World Languages Group: ARBC 1002 or ARBC 2002 Elementary/Intermediate Arabic (3) CHIN 1002 or CHIN 2002 Elementary/Intermediate Chinese (3) JAPN 1002 or JAPN 2002 Elementary/Intermediate Japanese (3) KORE 1002 or KORE 2002 Elementary/Intermediate Korean (3) Note: Students studying a new language for the first time must start at 1001, which can count in Area F. Area D: GEOG 1112K Introduction to Weather and Climate (4) GEOG 1113K Introduction to Landforms (4) Area E: Global Group: HIST 1112 Survey of World History since 1500 (3) POLS 2401 Global Issues (3) Social Science Foundations Group: Area F: Courses Appropriate to the Major (18) Required introductory course: (3) GLOS 2030/HIST 2030 Introduction to Asian Studies (3) Required Language: Choose courses from one of the following. (6-9) ARBC 1002, ARBC 2001, or ARBC 2002 Elementary/Intermediate Arabic (3) CHIN 1002, CHIN 2001, or CHIN 2002 Elementary/Intermediate Chinese (3) JAPN 1002, JAPN 2001, or JAPN 2002 Elementary/Intermediate Japanese (3) KORE 1002, KORE 2001, or KORE 2002 Elementary/Intermediate Korean (3) Note: AP Students may only take 2002-level language course in Area F unless taking a different language. Select additional elective courses from the following to complete 18 hours Area F: General electives: RELS 2001 Intro to World Religions (3) WGSS 2010 Introduction to Women’s/Gender/Sexuality Studies (3) Recommended for students concentrating in international business and economy: ACCT 2101 Principles of Accounting I (3) ACCT 2102 Principles of Accounting II (3) BUSA 2106 Legal and Ethical Environment of Business (3) CIS 2010 Introduction to Information Systems (3) ECON 2100 Global Economics (3) ECON 2105 Microeconomics (3) ECON 2106 Macroeconomics (3)* ECON 2990 Special Topics in Economics I (if related with Asia) (3) Recommended for students concentrating in ESL or interested in TEFL certificate: AL 2021 Introduction to English Linguistics (3) SCOM 2900 Intercultural Communication (3) Area G: Area of Concentration (27-33) Students must complete coursework in at least three disciplines (defined by course prefixes) in Area G. Courses followed by an asterisk () have prerequisites. Asian Studies majors may be exempted from a prerequisite for some of the Economics courses through instructor’s permission. See the Asian Studies program coordinator for additional information. Required Courses to fulfill CTW requirement (3-4) Select one CTW course from below. AL 4151 Communication across Cultures-CTW (3) ARBC 4501 Classical Arabic Literature and Culture-CTW (3) ARBC 4502 Modern Arabic Literature and Culture-CTW (3) BUSA 3000 Globalization and Business Practice-CTW (3) CHIN 3080 Topics in Chinese Studies (3) CHIN 3081 Cultural Dimensions of Language Learning (3) CHIN 4995 Directed Readings BIS (CTW) (3) ECON 3900 Macroeconomics-CTW (3) ENGL 3040 Introduction to Literary Studies-CTW (3) ENGL 3050 Introduction to Rhetoric and Composition-CTW (3) HIST 3000 Introduction to Historical Studies (4) POLS 3800 Introduction to Political Research-CTW (3) RELS 3750 Theories and Methods in Religious Studies-CTW (3) Required Language Courses (6): ARBC 3001 Advanced Arabic I (3) ARBC 3002 Advanced Arabic II (3) CHIN 3001 Advanced Chinese I (3) CHIN 3002 Advanced Chinese II (3) JAPN 3001 Advanced Japanese I (3) JAPN 3002 Advanced Japanese II (3) KORE 3001 Advanced Korean I (3) KORE 3002 Advanced Korean II (3) Asian Studies in Context (17-24): Study abroad (to Asia) or Asia-related internships (3-6 credit hours) (recommended). AH 4930 Art History Internship (3) GERO 4119/SOCI 4119 Global Aging Families (3) HIST 4975 Study Abroad (3) POLS 4490 Study Abroad (3) RELS 4400 Internship in RELS (3) History, Politics, and Economy (6-12): BUSA 3000 Globalization and Business Practices (3) ECON 4800 International Trade (3)* ECON 4810 International Finance (3)* GLOS 3100/HIST 3100Introduction to Global History (3 GLOS 3700 /HIST 3700China and Japan to 1600 (4) GLOS 3710/HIST 3710China and Japan since 1600 (4) GLOS 3780/HIST 3780/MES 4110 Middle East, 600-1800 (4) GLOS 3800/HIST 3800 History of India (3) GLOS 3850 /HIST 3850China, India, and the Modern World Economy (3) HIST 3615 The Indian Ocean World (4) HIST 3640 Piracy from Ancient to Modern Times (4) IB 3090 Introduction to International Business (3) IB 4020 International Trade Management (3) IB 4030 China’s Economy and International Business Environment (3) MES 4120/HIST 3790 Middle East since 1800 (4) POLS 3200 Comparative Politics (3) (if Asia included) POLS 3400 International Politics (3) (if Asia included) POLS 4255 Politics and Political Economy of East Asia (3) POLS 4256 Politics and Political Economy of Japan (3) POLS 4257 Chinese Politics (3) POLS 4285 Politics and Religion in Comparative Perspective (3) (if Asia included) POLS 4465 China in the International System (3) Language, Society, and Culture (6-12): AL 3051 Methods of Teaching EFL (3) AL 3101 English Grammar in Use (3) ARBC 4890 Independent Study (3) AH 4680 Art of Korea (3) CHIN 3080 Topics in Chinese Studies (CTW) (3) CHIN 3081 Cultural Dimensions of Language Learning-CTW (3) CHIN 3083 Modern China Through Film (3) FLME 4180 International Cinema (3) FLME 4185 Global Media and Culture (3) JAPN 3013 Intensive Grammar Review (3) JAPN 3081 Japanese Language and Society (3) JAPN 3082 Reading and Writing in Japanese (3) JAPN 4990 Independent Study (3) KORE 3011 Korean Proficiency through Korean Drama (3) KORE 4011 Korean for Professional Purposes (3) KORE 4300 Korean Language, Culture and Society (3) RELS 3260 Asian Religions in America (3) RELS 3270 Religious Traditions of the World (3) RELS 4270 Women and Religion (3) RELS 4620 Confucianism and Taoism (3) RELS 4625 Zen and Shinto (3) RELS 4628 Topics in Asian Religions (3) RELS 4650 Religion and Ethics (3) SOCI 3315 Asian American Experience (3) SOCI 4360 Religion and Society (3) WGSS 4210 Women in Cross-Cultural Perspective (3) WGSS 4240 Sexuality and Gender in Asia (3) WGSS 4842 Sexuality and Nationalism (3) WGSS 4846 Gender, War, and Militarism in/and the Middle East (3) AL 3051 AND AL 3101 ARE Required for TEFL certificate. Area H: Allied Fields (choose one) (15-21) Choose one concentration. Students must complete coursework in at least two disciplines (defined by course prefixes) in Area H. Courses followed by an asterisk () have prerequisites. Asian Studies majors may be exempted from a prerequisite for some of the Economics or Applied Linguistics courses through instructor’s permission or departmental exam. See the Asian Studies program coordinator for additional information. International Business Practices: BUSA 3000 Globalization and Business Practice (3) ECON 4220 Environment Economics and Policy (3)* ECON 4300 Economics of Cities (3)* ECON 4600 Economic Development (3)* FI 3300 Corporation Finance (3)* FI 4040 Foundations in International Finance (3) GEOG 4762 Economic Geography (3) IB 4100 Intro to International Entrepreneurship (3) LGLS 4080 Legal Issues in International Business (3) MGS 3400 Managing People in Organizations (3)* MK 3010 Basic Marketing (3)* MK 4600 International Marketing (3)* SOCI 3201 Wealth, Power, and Inequality (3) SOCI 3208 Work and Employment (3) Language Instruction (English as a Second Language and TEFL): AL 3021 Introduction to Linguistics (3)* AL 3041 Second Language Acquisition (3)* AL 3051 Methods of Teaching EFL (3)* AL 3101 English Grammar in Use (3)* AL 4161 EFL Practicum (3)* FORL 3022 Developing and Marketing Second Language Teaching Skills (3) FORL 4021 Technology Integration for Foreign Language Teaching and Learning (3) FORL 4025 Approaches to Early Language Learning, Grades P-8 (3) FORL 4026 Approaches to Language Teaching, Grades 9-12 (3) FORL 4060 Teaching Diverse World Language Learners – Internship (3) JOUR 4650/MES 4600 International Communication/Journalism (3) SCOM 4800 Communication and Diversity-CTW (3) Chinese Studies: CHIN 4011 Chinese for International Business I (3) CHIN 4012 Chinese for International Business II (3) CHIN 4021 Modern Chinese Literature in Translation (3) GEOG 4406 Advanced Regional Geography (4) (if China included) GLOS 3700/HIST 3700 China and Japan to 1600 (4) GLOS 3710/HIST 3710 China and Japan since 1600 (4) GLOS 3850/HIST 3850 China, India, and the Modern World Economy (3) HIST 4890 Topics in World History (3-4) (if China included) IB 4030 China and International Business (3) POLS 4290 Studies in Comparative Politics (3) (if China included) POLS 4490 Studies in International Relations (3) (if China included) RELS 4290 Pilgrimage (3) (if China included) RELS 4628 Topics in Asian Religions (3) (if China included) Japanese Studies: AH 4670 Art of Japan (3) GEOG 4406 Advanced Regional Geography (4) (if Japan included) HIST 4975 Study Abroad (if Japan) (3) POLS 4490 Study Abroad (if Japan) (3) Indian/South Asian Studies: GEOG 4406 Advanced Regional Geography (4) (if India/South Asia included) GLOS 3850/HIST 3850 China, India, and Modern World Economy (3) HIST 4890 Topics in World History (3-4) (if India/South Asia) POLS 4258 Government and Politics of South Asia (3) POLS 4285 Politics and Religion in Comparative Perspective (3) (if India) POLS 4290 Studies in Comparative Politics (3) (if India/South Asia included) RELS 4290 Pilgrimage (3) (if India/South Asia included) RELS 4610 Hinduism (3) RELS 4612 Hindu Sacred Myths and Epics (3) RELS 4615 Buddhism (3) RELS 4628 Topics in Asian Religions (3) (if Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism) SOCI 4360 Religion and Society (3) (if on India/South Asia) WGSS 4240 Sexuality and Gender in Asia (3) (if India/South Asia included) Area I: Electives Electives are used to have 39 hours at Georgia State University taken at the 3000-4000 level for residency and complete 120 hours required for graduation. Area J: Study Abroad/International Student Exchange Programs Students are strongly recommended to consider a semester study abroad. For general information about study abroad in different countries of Asia, contact Study Abroad Programs, Office of International Initiatives (404-413-2529, mystudyabroad@gsu.edu). This program offers undergraduate students with the opportunity to earn the designation of graduation with distinction in the major. Please contact the program director, Ghulam Nadri (gnadri@gsu.edu), for the specific criteria for this honor. Requirements: 15-18 credit hours of Asia-related courses. A minimum grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. No more than two courses (6-8 hours) may come from a single discipline/prefix. Courses counted toward the interdisciplinary minor cannot also count toward the major. Required introductory course (3): Required language course. Choose one Asian language course from the following (3): The selected course should be in addition to the course used to fulfill requirements in Area F or Area G, if appropriate. Students who are native speakers of one of the above languages must either take a course in another language or take four courses from section 3 below. Transfer students who have course credit in other Asian languages may apply these to the minor on approval of the minor faculty coordinator. Electives. Choose three courses from the following (9-12): ARBC 4501 Classical Arabic Literature & Culture (3) GLOS 3780 HIST 3780/MES 4110 Middle East, 600-1800 (4) GERO 4119/SOCI 4119 Global Aging Families (3) (study abroad course in Asia only) HIST 3790/MES 4120 Middle East since 1800 (4) KORE 3011 Korean Proficiency through TV Drama (3) KORE 4300 Korean Language Culture and Society (3) POLS 4465 China in the International System (3 Study abroad in Asia (3) Bachelor of Science in Physics with a Concentration in Astronomy Room 605, 25 Park Place phy-astr.gsu.edu Sebastien Lepine, Chair Brian Thoms, Associate Chair and Undergraduate Director in Physics Sumith Doluweera, Undergraduate Director in Physics – Lower Division Courses Ben McGimsey, Undergraduate Director in Astronomy The Astronomy program at Georgia State University is integrated with the Physics program. For information on the B.S. in Physics with a Concentration in Astronomy, see section 3460. Bachelor of Science in Biology General Biology Studies (no concentration) Concentration in Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology Concentration in Microbiology Concentration in Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology Concentration in Neurobiology Concentration in Pre-Medical/Pre-Health Dual B.S./M.S. in Biology Dual B.S. in Biology/M.S. in Health Sciences Minor in Biology Petit Science Center, Suite 495 biology.gsu.edu Geert de Vries, Chair Jessica Parilla, Director of Undergraduate Programs Kavita Oommen, Assistant Director of Undergraduate Programs Biology, the science of life and life processes, includes the study of structure, function, growth, development, reproduction, origin, evolution, and distribution of living organisms. A degree in biology provides students with a variety of career opportunities. Potential careers range from applied or basic laboratory research and field studies in numerous state and federal organizations and industry, to education in public and private school systems. Furthermore, the degree provides the ideal preparation for entry into medical, dental, and veterinary schools and other health-related professions. Finally, a bachelor’s degree in biology provides a good foundation for advanced studies at the M.S. or Ph.D. level in biological sciences. As an alternative to the General Biology Studies program (and in addition to the core degree requirements), courses in one of several areas of concentration, listed below, are available. Interdisciplinary programs with other departments/schools/institutes (such as Behavioral Biology or Environmental Science) are also an option. To plan the major according to the particular needs and goals, students should consult the “Undergraduate Program” area of the Biology Department Website (biology.gsu.edu) for information about the major. B.S. in Biology In addition to the Program Degree Requirements, students must fulfill the College of Arts and Sciences Degree Requirements (see section 3030) and the University Degree Requirements (see section 1400). Alternatives are available for some requirements in Areas A-F. Please see a degree program advisor for specific guidelines. Georgia State University undergraduate students must achieve an overall institutional grade-point average of 2.0 and a major GPA of 2.0 in Areas G, H, and I to receive a bachelor’s degree from the university. Grades of C- can be used to satisfy graduation requirements. However, some courses have prerequisites that require a grade of C or higher. (See section 1460 for additional information.) Area A: Required course: MATH 1113 Precalculus (3) or any higher-level mathematics course) (3) Recommended course: PHIL 1010 Critical Thinking (2) Recommended courses: PHYS 1111K Introductory Physics I (4) and PHYS 1112K Introductory Physics II (4) Required course: Any mathematics course not taken in Area A from the following choices: MATH 1220, MATH 1401, MATH 2201, MATH 2202, MATH 2211, MATH 2212 (or any higher-level math). Required Courses (16): BIOL 2107 Principles of Biology I (3) and BIOL 2107L Principles of Biology I Lab (1) (previously BIOL 2107K) BIOL 2108 Principles of Biology II (3) and BIOL 2108L Principles of Biology II Lab (1) (previously BIOL 2108K) CHEM 1211K Principles of Chemistry I (4) CHEM 1212K Principles of Chemistry II (4) Select one from the following to complete 18 hours in Area F: BIOL 2106 Introduction to the Biological Sciences (2) BIOL 2110K Human Anatomy and Physiology I (4) BIOL 2120K Human Anatomy and Physiology II (4) BIOL 2240 Introduction to Human Physiology (3) BIOL 2300 Microbiology and Public Health (3) BIOL 2500 Neurobiology and Behavior (2) BIOL 2800 Introduction to Molecular Biology (2) RSCH 1203 Research Strategies and Technology (1) Students who decide to major in biology after completing BIOL 1103K may use it for credit toward Area F if they complete BIOL 2108, BIOL 2108L, and BIOL 2800 before enrolling in major courses (Area G). All courses above ending in K are commonly offered as separate lecture and lab (L) courses by GSU’s Perimeter College. The combined (K) courses and separate lecture and lab (L) courses cover the same subject matter and are considered equivalent courses. Beginning Fall 2019, the downtown Biology department will also offer BIOL 2107/BIOL 2107L and BIOL 2108/BIOL 2108L as separate courses. Any credit hours exceeding 18 earned to complete the Area F requirements will count toward elective hours. BIOL 3810 Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory-CTW (3) Major Core Requirements (12) BIOL 3800 Molecular Cell Biology (3) BIOL 3840 Animal Biology (3) BIOL 3880 Microbiology (3) BIOL 3900 Genetics (3) Choose one of the following labs: (1) * BIOL 3250 Human Physiology Laboratory (1) BIOL 3850 Animal Biology Laboratory (1) BIOL 3890 Microbiology Laboratory (1) BIOL 3910 Genetics Laboratory (1) * Students should consult with an adviser regarding the laboratory most appropriate to their course of study. Additional laboratories may be appropriate and the credit applied to item 4 below. At least one credit hour of BIOL 4960, Biology Careers Seminar (1), or BIOL 4970, Biology Seminar (1). It is recommended that students take BIOL 4960 early in their courses of study for career advisement. Additional biology courses at the 3000-4000 to reach 35 credit hours in Area G. Area H: Chemistry Requirements (6) Students majoring in biology are required to complete the following: CHEM 2400 Organic Chemistry I (3) CHEM 2410 Organic Chemistry II (3) Area I: Additional Courses (17) Select one two-course physics sequence (8) * PHYS 1111K Introductory Physics I (4) and PHYS 1112K Introductory Physics II (4) or PHYS 2211K Principles of Physics I (4) and PHYS 2212K Principles of Physics II (4) * Two semesters of physics are required for biology majors. If the physics sequence is used to fulfill the Area D requirement, then students should: Select additional biology courses at the 3000 level or above OR courses from this list: ANTH 4060 Environmental Anthropology (3) ANTH 4300 Human Evolution (3) ANTH 4310 Human Biology (4) ANTH 4350 Applied Biocultural Anthropology (3) ANTH 4390 Diet, Demography and Disease (3) CHEM 2100 Intermediate Organic Chemistry Laboratory I (2) CHEM 3110 Intermediate Organic Chemistry Laboratory II (2) Note: (CHEM 2100 and CHEM 3110 are required by most professional programs.) CHEM 4110 Chemical Thermodynamics and Kinetics (3) CHEM 4600 Biochemistry I (5) CHEM 4610 Biochemistry II (3) CRJU 3410 Criminology (3) CSC 2010 Introduction to Computer Science (3) EXC 4020 Characteristics and Instructional Strategies for Students with Disabilities (3) EDSC 3250 Topics in Middle Grades Science (3) GEOL 4002 Oceanography (3) GEOL 4011 Principles of Paleontology (4) GEOL 4017 Environmental Geology (4) GEOL 4644 Environmental Conservation (4) GEOG 4642 Advanced Weather and Climate (3) GEOG 4646 Water Resources (3) EPY 2040 The Science of Learning: Theories, Application, and Practice (3) EPY 2050 Human Growth and Development (3) LT 3210 Teaching, Learning, and Technology Integration (3) KH 3000 Personal Health and Wellness (3) KH 3390 Advanced First Aid and Emergency Care (3) KH 3610 Motor Learning and Development (4) MATH 2202 Calculus for the Life Sciences II (4) MATH 2211 Calculus of One Variable I (4) MATH 2212 Calculus of One Variable II (4) MATH 2215 Multivariate Calculus (4) PHIL 3740 Advanced Biomedical Ethics (3) PHIL 4130 Philosophy of Science (3) PH 3001 Introduction to Research Methods in Public Health (3) PHYS 3500 Electronics (3) PSYC 3010 Psychological Statistics (4) PSYC 3140 Abnormal Psychology (3) [PT 3000] Introduction to PT and OT Practice (3) [PT 3660] Complementary and Alternative Therapy (3) RT 3005 Clinical Cardiopulmonary Physiology (3) [SNHP 3000] Communication and Cultural Diversity (3) SOCI 3156 Sexuality and Society (3) Any other 3000- or 4000-level course in Anthropology, Biology, Chemistry Neuroscience, Nutrition, Psychology, or Physics. Students majoring in biology must take additional courses as electives to complete a minimum of 120 hours, exclusive of KH 1010. Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology Concentration Required: Area G3 Select one from the following options: BIOL 3830 Plant Biology Laboratory (1) Both of the following courses are required (7) BIOL 3440 Evolution (3) BIOL 4045K General Ecology (4) Choose one Signature Experience course from the following (2-5): BIOL 4050 Natural Environments of Georgia (4) BIOL 4915 Collaborative Internships in Biology (2), on a subject related to EEO BIOL 4916 Internships in Biology (2), on a subject related to EEO BIOL 4905 Theme-Based Biology Laboratory (2-4) BIOL 4910 Undergraduate Research in Biology (2-5), on a subject related to EEO BIOL 4930 Topics in Biology (3-4) on a subject related to EEO that has a signature experience component; requires departmental approval. Choose 10-13 credit hours of the following: BIOL 3020 Introduction to Marine Biology (3) BIOL 3820 Plant Biology (3) BIOL 4011 Principles of Paleontology (4) BIOL 4014K Invertebrate Biology (4) BIOL 4015K Vertebrate Biology (4) BIOL 4040 Neuroethology (4) BIOL 4074 Developmental Biology (4) BIOL 4104 Zoo Biology (4) BIOL 4241 Hormones and Behavior (4) BIOL 4451 Aquatic Pollution and Toxicology (4) BIOL 4458 Microbial Ecology and Metabolism (4) BIOL 4648 Biogeography (4) BIOL 4744 Biostatistics (3) Microbiology Concentration Required: Area F2 BIOL 4428 Medical Microbiology (4) BIOL 4575 Virology (4) BIOL 4694 Biosafety: Principles and Practices (4) Choose two of the following (6-8) BIOL 3021 Infectious Disease and Society (3) BIOL 4278 Immunology (4) BIOL 4438 Applied Microbiology (4) BIOL 4484 Laboratory Techniques in Applied and Environmental Microbiology (4) BIOL 4576 Neurovirology (4) BIOL 4580 Microbial Pathogenesis (4) BIOL 4696 Laboratory in Molecular Biological Techniques (4) BIOL 4905 Theme Based Biology Laboratory (2-4), on a subject related to microbiology BIOL 4910 Undergraduate Research in Biology (1-5), on a subject related to microbiology BIOL 4915 Collaborative Internships in Biology (2), on a subject related to microbiology BIOL 4916 Internships in Biology (2), on a subject related to microbiology BIOL 4930 Topics in Biology (3-4), on a subject related to microbiology Any course not already taken from the list above. Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology Concentration Choose two of the following (7-8): BIOL 3430 Biotechnology (3) BIOL 4564 Advanced Genetics (4) BIOL 4800 Principles of Cell Biology (4) BIOL 4905 Theme Based Biology Laboratory (2-4) BIOL 4910 Undergraduate Research in Biology (1-5), on a subject related to molecular genetics and/or cell biology • Choose two courses from the following (7-8): BIOL 4248 Cell Physiology (4) BIOL 4282 Tumor Immunology (4) BIOL 4500 Human Genetics (4) BIOL 4685 Functional Histology-CTW (4) BIOL 4696 Laboratory in Molecular Biological Techniques (4) (if not taken as the signature experience option) BIOL 4910 Undergraduate Research in Biology (1-5), on a topic related to molecular genetics and cell biology BIOL 4930 Topics in Biology (3-4), on a subject related to molecular genetics and/or cell biology; requires departmental approval. Required: Area I Neurobiology Concentration Recommended: Area F2 BIOL 4102 Neurobiology (4) Choose 12 hours of the following (3-5 credit hours each): BIOL 4070 Sensory Neuroscience (3) BIOL 4080 Clinical Neuroscience (4) BIOL 4094 Developmental Neurobiology (4) BIOL 4100 Cell and Molecular Neuroscience (4) BIOL 4115 Medical Neuroanatomy (4) BIOL 4130 Sensation and Perception (3) BIOL 4200 Neuroscience of Memory (3) BIOL 4240 Endocrinology (4) BIOL 4246 Advanced Human Physiology (4) BIOL 4905 Theme-based Biology Laboratory (2-4), on a subject related to Neurobiology BIOL 4910 Undergraduate Research in Biology (1-5), on a subject related to Neurobiology BIOL 4930 Topics in Biology (3-4), on a subject related to Neurobiology Recommended Area I: PSYC 3510 Introduction to Research Design and Analysis (4) PSYC 3530 Advanced Research Design and Analysis-CTW (4) PSYC 4100 Cognitive Psychology (3) PSYC 4110 Physiological Psychology (3) PSYC 4120 Learning (3) PSYC 4130 Sensation and Perception (3) Pre-Medical/Pre-Health Concentration BIOL 2110K Anatomy and Physiology I (4) The following courses are required (4 or 3 if Biol 3250 is used in G3) BIOL 3240 Human Physiology (3) Choose four of the following (15-16) BIOL 3740/PHIL 3740 Biomedical Ethics (3) BIOL 4284 Medical Biochemistry (4) BIOL 4460 Parasitology (4) BIOL 4685 Functional Histology (4) BIOL 4686 Pathophysiology (4) BIOL 4687 Surgical Anatomy (4) BIOL 4905 Theme Based Biology Laboratory (2-4), on a subject related to medical/health fields BIOL 4910 Undergraduate Research in Biology (1-5), on a subject related to medical/health fields BIOL 4916 Internships in Biology (2-4), with a focus in medical/health topics, approval of director required BIOL 4930 Topics in Biology (3-4), on a subject related to medical/health fields Dual B.S./M.S. Program in Biology The department offers two dual bachelors/masters programs: Bachelor of Science and Master of Science in Biology Bachelor of Science and Master of Science in Health Sciences Dual degree opportunities enable qualified students to enroll in graduate courses late in their undergraduate program and apply the coursework toward both the bachelor’s and master’s programs. Minor Offerings and Double Major in Biology Students who wish to minor in biology must take at least 15 hours in courses in biology, including at least nine hours at the 3000 level or above. Students are responsible for meeting all prerequisite requirements (such as CHEM 1211K/CHEM 1212K) for the biology courses they choose to take, and are strongly encouraged to take these prerequisites as early as possible in their academic career. Students taking more than 15 hours in courses in biology may count the additional hours toward their electives or may consider completing a double major. A grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. Students should consult with the Undergraduate Director or Undergraduate Coordinator for more information. The department encourages qualified students to participate in the Honors College (visit honors.gsu.edu). The department sponsors a Biology Club, a Pre-Vet club, a Pre-Dental club and a local chapter of American Medical Student Association (AMSA) in addition to the Eta Psi chapter of Beta Beta Beta, the national honorary biological society. Interested students are encouraged to participate in these organizations. Internships with collaborating institutions and programs (including ZooAtlanta, the Georgia Aquarium and the Bio-Bus program) are available on a limited basis. Students interested in receiving course credit for an internship should consult with the Undergraduate Director or Undergraduate Coordinator for more information. Undergraduate Research Programs Students are particularly encouraged to participate in the Undergraduate Research Program after completion of core requirements. Participation in an ongoing research activity provides the student with experience in experimental design and interpretation that is typically not available in routine laboratory courses. Students may enroll in BIOL 4905 and/or BIOL 4910 for undergraduate research experience. Each course may be repeated once. Interested students should consult the departmental website for information on faculty research interests and contact one or more faculty members for development of a specific project. This department offers undergraduate students with the opportunity to earn the designation of graduation with distinction in the major. At least four hours of BIOL 4910 and a grade-point average of 3.5 or higher in Areas G and H are required for graduation with distinction. Bachelor of Science in Chemistry Concentration in Biochemistry Concentration in Pre-Medicine Certification by the American Chemical Society Minor in Chemistry Dual B.S./M.S. in Chemistry 380 Petit Science Center chemistry.gsu.edu Donald Hamelberg, Chair Giovanni Gadda, Associate Chair Jeremiah Harden, Co-director of Undergraduate Studies Joan Mutanyatta-Comar, Co-director of Undergraduate Studies Chemistry deals with the nature of substances and the changes that occur therein. It ranges from the study of the structure of atoms and molecules to that of the reactions occurring in living organisms. The study of chemistry can provide knowledge that will give students a greater understanding and appreciation of the world in which they live. In addition, knowledge of chemistry is a great asset in areas such as biology, physics, and health-related fields. It is a logical basis for pre-medical training, pre-veterinary, pre-pharmacy, and other allied health professions. Each student is urged to consult with an academic advisor at the earliest possible time (even before the first semester) to outline a curriculum to meet his or her needs. A typical program of study for chemistry majors is outlined below. Although not required, several minors are possible for chemistry majors without concentrations. Lab fees are assessed automatically for students who register for certain Chemistry courses. For more information, please feel free to contact the department or review the GoSolar or catalog course listings to determine if a course includes a lab fee. Chemistry Courses for Science Majors Detailed descriptions of the objectives and prerequisites of each course are available online. The student is urged to consult these descriptions if there is any doubt about requirements or qualifications. Laboratory courses and lecture courses on principles are designed to be mutually reinforcing. The laboratory is the real basis for the science, but the lecture courses are designed to reinforce the learning process. The labs and lectures are separated only to provide added flexibility in scheduling and to meet individual needs, particularly for transfer students. Great care should be exercised in scheduling one course component without the other. Chemistry Courses for Non-Science Majors CHEM 1050, CHEM 1151K, and CHEM 1152K are of primary interest to students in liberal arts, health sciences, education, business administration, and policy studies. Students in specific programs should consult with an advisor in their program to verify applicability of the above-named courses to their specific needs. These courses cannot be applied to a science degree program in the College of Arts and Sciences. B.S. in Chemistry Students must fulfill the College of Arts and Sciences Degree Requirements (see section 3030) and the University Degree Requirements (see section 1400). Alternatives are available to some core and major requirements. Please see one of the undergraduate directors for specific guidelines. Chemistry majors need to take CHEM 1211K during their first term at GSU to be on schedule to graduate in four years. Required course: MATH 1113 Precalculus (3) or a higher-level mathematics course. MATH 1113 is recommended. Recommended courses: CHEM 1211K Principles of Chemistry I (4) and CHEM 1212K Principles of Chemistry II (4) Required course (choose one of the following or a higher level mathematics course): MATH 2201 Calculus for the Life Sciences I (4) or MATH 2211 Calculus of One Variable I (4) Required Courses (unless used to satisfy Area D requirements) (18): CHEM 1211K Principles of Chemistry I (4) and CHEM 1212K Principles of Chemistry II (4) PHYS 2211K Principles of Physics I (4) and PHYS 2212K Principles of Physics II (4) MATH 2212 Calculus of One Variable II (4) or MATH 2202 Calculus for the Life Sciences II (4) Select additional elective courses from the following to complete 18 hours in Area F if needed. Contact the Undergraduate Director for the BS in Chemistry for advice. CHEM 2950 Chemistry Research (2-5) Transfer students, students changing their major, and students pursuing an biochemistry concentration may substitute PHYS 1111K/PHYS 1112K for PHYS 2211K /PHYS 2212K if approved by the Department of Chemistry. Credit hours exceeding 18 earned to complete the Areas A-F requirements will count toward elective hours. CHEM 4000 Fundamentals of Chemical Analysis-CTW (3) CHEM 4160 Chemistry Laboratory IVA-CTW (3) CHEM 3400 Structure and Reactivity of Biomolecules (3) CHEM 4010 Instrumental Methods I: Chromatography (3) CHEM 4120 Quantum Chemistry (3) CHEM 4190 Instrumental Methods III: Spectroscopy (3) Major Electives (5): Select additional 3000- and/or 4000-level chemistry courses. Recommended course: CHEM 4600 Biochemistry I (5) (required for ACS certification) B.S. in Chemistry (Biochemistry concentration) CHEM 4000 Fundamentals of Chemical Analysis (3) CHEM 4160 Chemistry Laboratory IVA (3) CHEM 2100 Organic Chemistry Laboratory I (2) CHEM 3110 Organic Chemistry Laboratory II (2) Select one course: CHEM 4150 Intro to Biophysical Chemistry (3) Suggested: CHEM 4610 Biochemistry II (3) Area H: Biochemistry Concentration (17) BIOL 3810 Molecular Cell Biology Lab-CTW (3) Students majoring in chemistry must take additional courses as electives to complete a minimum of 120 hours, exclusive of 1000/2000 physical education or military science courses. The department recommends that majors take computer and/or world language courses. B.S. in Chemistry (Pre-Medicine Concentration) A pre-medicine concentration is available for chemistry majors. Please contact the Department of Chemistry for further information. Area H: Pre-Medical Concentration (18) BIOL 3810 Molecular Cell Biology Lab (3) Select one course pair: BIOL 3880 Microbiology (3) and BIOL 3890 Microbiology Laboratory (1) BIOL 3900 Genetics (3) and BIOL 3910 Genetics Laboratory (1) Students majoring in chemistry must take additional courses as electives to complete a minimum of 120 hours, exclusive of 1000/2000 KH or military science courses. American Chemical Society Certification For American Chemical Society certification, students must take CHEM 4600 in Area G, and an additional ten hours of coursework as follows: CHEM 4210 Inorganic Chemistry (3) CHEM 4330 Advanced Synthesis (3) Elective Courses (4) CHEM 4170 Chemistry Laboratory IVB (4) strongly recommended CHEM 4170 can be substituted by other approved courses (must be different than major elective courses) Students who wish to minor in chemistry must take at least 15 hours in courses in chemistry, including at least nine hours at the 3000 level or above. Students taking more than 15 hours in courses in chemistry may count the additional hours toward their electives or may consider completing a double major. A grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. Dual B.S./M.S. Program in Chemistry The department offers a dual Bachelor of Science and Master of Science in Chemistry. The dual degree opportunity enables qualified students to enroll in graduate courses late in their undergraduate program and count the coursework toward both the bachelor’s and master’s programs. This department offers undergraduate students with the opportunity to earn the designation of graduation with distinction in the major. Please contact the department undergraduate director for the specific criteria for this honor. Bachelor of Arts in International Economics and Modern Languages Concentration in Chinese Language and Society Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies with a Concentration in Asian Studies (see section 3150) Certificate of Language Ability in Chinese Minor in Chinese Language and Culture Interdisciplinary Minor in Chinese Studies Bill Nichols, Chair Shuai Li, Undergraduate Director and Chinese Program Coordinator The Department of World Languages and Cultures serves a threefold purpose: to encourage an appreciation of humanistic values through the study of foreign languages, literatures, and cultures; to teach foreign languages as a means of communication; and to prepare students for academic careers and the opportunities available in the field of international business. As part of a dynamic urban university in a city of growing international awareness and status, the department is fulfilling its responsibility to meet the increasing foreign language needs of the governmental, business, and professional communities. The department recognizes that an active command of the foreign language and a thorough exploration of the foreign culture form an essential basis for further study in the various areas of its curriculum. The department is home to the Center for International Resources and Collaborative Language Engagement (CIRCLE), a multi-purpose academic support center that offers walk-in tutoring in each of the languages taught at Georgia State and provides a variety of digital resources (i.e., software, apps, media and materials) to support the language studies of the university community. In addition, the CIRCLE hosts special events focused on cultural awareness and communication opportunities, such as conversation meetups, discussion groups, and other social events, as well as language and technology workshops. The center addresses the university and College of Arts and Sciences strategic goals of increasing internationalization in the curriculum and of enhancing the global competency (including the study of world languages) of students, faculty and staff. For students who view language study as a preparation for a career in the business world, the department offers a program in conjunction with the Andrew Young School of Policy Studies: the Bachelor of Arts Major in International Economics and Modern Languages (IEML). Students majoring in the B.A. in International Economics should contact the Andrew Young School of Policy studies for advisement. Information for this program is available at aysps.gsu.edu/oaa. Lab fees are assessed automatically for students who register for certain courses. As a result, students will no longer be required to purchase lab fee cards. For more information, please feel free to contact the department or review the GoSolar or catalog course listings to determine if a course includes a lab fee. B.A. in International Economics and Modern Languages with a concentration in Chinese Language and Society There are no admission requirements above the requirements for admission to the University for enrollment in the B.A. program with a major in international economics and modern languages. There are no additional fees other than the tuition and fees charged by the University for enrollment in this program. For degree credit, a minimum grade of C must be attained in ENGL 1101 and ENGL 1102 and all courses in the economics common core curriculum and modern languages core curriculum. Complete descriptions of requirements for Areas A through E of the Undergraduate Core Curriculum can be found in the “University Degree Requirements and Graduation” chapter of this catalog. The number of semester credit hours required for each section is shown in parentheses. In addition to courses in Chinese, you are advised to choose courses in other areas that complement your language study. Such courses include other languages, history, philosophy, art and music, business, and education. Faculty advisors in the department are eager to discuss your academic plans with you as you design your course of study. In addition to the Program Degree Requirements, students must fulfill the College of Arts and Sciences Degree Requirements (see section 3030) and the University Degree Requirements (see section 1400). ECON 2105 Principles of Macroeconomics (3) ECON 2106 Principles of Microeconomics (3) MATH 1401 Elementary Statistics (3) – If taken in Area D, a 1000/2000 level elective from Areas A-E may be substituted. Choose one of the following language options: CHIN 2001 Intermediate Chinese I (3) CHIN 2002 intermediate Chinese II (3) Note: Students who have not already attained elementary-level proficiency in their chosen language will be required to take prerequisite courses: CHIN 1001 and/or CHIN 1002. In that case, the 1002 language course may be used to satisfy 3 credit hours of core requirements in Area C, Humanities, Fine Arts, and World Languages. Students who have already attained intermediate-level competency in the primary language may substitute 1000/2000 level courses in another language for CHIN 2001/CHIN 2002) upon approval of the Department of World Languages and Cultures advisor. Elective: One 1000/2000 level course chosen from Areas A-E. Area G: Economics Common Core Curriculum (24) ECON 3900 Macroeconomics-CTW (3) ECON 3910 Microeconomics (3) ECON 4600 Economic Development (3) ECON 4800 International Trade (3) ECON 4810 International Finance (3) ECON 4999 Senior Capstone in Economic Policy-CTW (3)* Choose two 4000-level Econ courses (6) ECON 4999 is only offered during the Fall and Spring semesters of the academic year. The prerequisites for ECON 4999 are ECON 3900, ECON 3910, and two 4000-level economics courses with a grade of C or better. Students are to plan accordingly with regard to the course pre-requisites and graduation. Area H: Modern Languages Common Core (24) Select eight courses from the following eleven options. Chinese Language and Society: CHIN 3011 Chinese Culture and Society in Change: Advanced Reading and Writing (3) CHIN 3081 Cultural Dimensions of Language Learning (CTW) (3) CHIN 3082 Cross-Cultural Encounters (3) One course from the following (3): CHIN 3395 Study Abroad (3) CHIN 4995 Directed Readings BIS-CTW (3) AH 4800 Special Studies Lecture (if Chinese art) (3) HIST 3700 China and Japan to 1600 (3) HIST 3710 China and Japan since 1600 (3) HIST 4890 Topics in World History (if China) (3) POLS 4465 China and the International System (3) RELS 4628 Topics in Asian Religion (if China-related) (3) Area I: Electives (12) Choose any four 3000/4000 level courses, in consultation with the academic advisor. The interdisciplinary program in Asian Studies provides students an opportunity to acquire a career-oriented range of skills and knowledge of this important and unique region by choosing from a large number of courses offered at Georgia State in a range of departments. See section 3140 for additional information. The certificate consists of 12 credit hours at 2000- and 3000-level (minimum of 6 must be at the 3000-level), with a B or higher in the first attempt at each course. Courses retaken using the university Repeat to Replace policy are not counted as first attempts. At the 2000-level, students may enroll in CHIN 2001 and CHIN 2002. Students who wish to minor in Chinese Language and Culture should complete 15 credit hours in courses with the CHIN prefix including at least 9 credit hours at the 3000 level or above. A grade “C” or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. Current courses available for the minor include: CHIN 3081 Cultural Dimension of Language Learning (3) CHIN 4021 Modern/Contemporary Chinese Literature in Translation (3) Program Coordinator: Andrew Wedeman (awedeman@gsu.edu) The Chinese Studies minor gives undergraduates in a wide variety of majors the opportunity to take an interdisciplinary set of courses that can combine social sciences, humanities, language, and other disciplines relating to China and Chinese culture. The minor thus provides students with the opportunity to highlight their area studies background and prepares them for higher-level studies on China, Chinese culture and language. Chinese studies minors are highly encouraged to participate in a study abroad program either in China. Students who wish to minor in Chinese Studies should complete 15 credit hours including at least nine credit hours at the 3000 level or above. Students must complete at least 6 hours in a CHIN course and may obtain credit for no more than two courses from a single other course prefix. A grade of C or higher is required in all minor courses. CHIN 1002 Elementary Chinese II (3) (if not counted in core Area C) CHIN 2001 Intermediate Chinese I (3) (if not counted in core Area C) CHIN 2002 Intermediate Chinese II (3) (if not counted in core Area C) CHIN 3001 Advanced Chinese I CHIN 3002 Advanced Chinese II CHIN 3080 Topics in Chinese Studies (CTW) CHIN 3081 Cultural Dimensions of Language Learning (CTW) CHIN 4995 Directed Readings BIS-CTW (3-4) HIST 4890 Topics in World History (3-4) (if China-related) POLS 4290 Studies in Comparative Politics (if China-related) (3) POLS 4490 Studies in International Relations (if China-related) (3) POLS 4900 Senior Seminar–CTW (if China-Related) (3) POLS 4920 Directed Reading and Research (if China-related) (3) 3200 Communication Sciences Interdisciplinary Minor in Communication Sciences Program Coordinator: Luciana Lessa Rodrigues (lrodrigues@gsu.edu) The Interdisciplinary Minor in Communication Sciences is designed to offer undergraduate students an organized set of classes that will enhance their major coursework and prepare them to apply for graduate programs in Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD). The goal of the Interdisciplinary Minor in Communication Sciences is to support the completion of courses that are required by Master’s programs in Communication Sciences and Disorders nationally. By completing this minor, students will be able to obtain knowledge in a variety of disciplines that are required for acceptance in a graduate program in CSD. Recommended Courses for Area A-F Students should enter the Communication Sciences minor having taken course prerequisites needed for entrance into their planned program of study. Below is a list of courses that are prerequisites for courses included as options in the Communication Sciences minor. Students should plan their desired program of study and identify which prerequisites they need to fulfill. BIOL 1103K Introductory Biology I (4) PHYS 2030 Physics of Music and Speech (3) PSYC 1101 Intro to General Psychology (3) Required Courses for the Interdisciplinary Minor (15-18) Students pursuing the interdisciplinary minor in Communication Sciences must take five courses. No more than two of the courses counting towards the minor can have the same course prefix. Choose two of the following: CSD 4360 Anatomy and Physiology for Communication (3) SCOM 4440 Speech Science (3) PSYC 4400 Psychology of the Atypical Child (3) Choose three of the following: AL 3041 Second Language Acquisition (3) EXC 4370 American Sign Language I (3) CSD 4480 Hearing Sciences and Disorders (3) CSD 4490 Audiologic Rehabilitation (3) CSD 4320 Introduction to Language Disorders (3) [GERO 4475/]SCOM 4475 Communication and Aging (3) GERO 4610/PSYC 4610 Psychology of Aging (3) SCOM 3000 Phonetics (3) SCOM 4410 Communication Disorders (3) SCOM 4980 Internship (3) SCOM 4800 Communication and Diversity (3) SCOM 4400 Communication and Language Development Across the Lifespan (3) PSYC 4040 Developmental Psychology (3) Bachelor of Science and Master of Science in Computer Science Bachelor of Science in Computer Science with the Master of Science in Health Administration (Health Informatics specialization) Bachelor of Science in Computer Science with the Master of Science in Information Systems Certificate of Cyber Security Certificate of Data Science 7th floor, 25 Park Place Building cs.gsu.edu Yi Pan, Chair Anu Bourgeois, Director of Undergraduate Studies Computer science is the systematic exploration of all aspects of computation. Computer science as a discipline seeks to build a scientific foundation for topics such as computer design, computer programming and software, information processing, algorithmic solutions to problems, and the algorithmic process itself. Computer science provides underpinnings for today’s applications in industry, science, government, and business and prepares the foundation for tomorrow’s applications in ubiquitous computing, medical cures for diseases, and instant access to information by everyone. The B.S. degree program in computer science provides preparation in the fundamental principles and processes of computation and training in applying these principles in application areas in industry, science, government, and business. The student completes a basic group of required courses in the early stages and chooses courses from several concentrations in the later stages to provide for appropriate breadth and depth of knowledge in the discipline. A B.S. degree in computer science provides a good foundation for advanced studies at the M.S. or Ph.D. level as well as for careers in industry, science, government, and business. To plan the major according to particular goals, students are encouraged to consult with an adviser in the department. Majors who are interested in having a paid work experience related to their area of study should contact the university’s Office of Cooperative Education, which coordinates the university’s cooperative education programs. The courses are structured, and the department enforces the prerequisites for its courses. Students are urged to check and take the prerequisites for computer science courses and any computer science requirement as listed by their major department/school/institute. Refer any questions to that major department/school/institute or to the Department of Computer Science. Program Academic Regulations A minimum grade of C is required in all mathematics, physics, and computer science courses and all 3000-level or above courses that are used to fulfill the undergraduate programs of this department. As part of the core curriculum, students must receive credit for the two calculus courses: Math 2211 and Math 2212. (When counting the number of semester hours in Areas A, D, and F, only 3 of the 4 credit hours of each calculus course will be counted in Area A and/or D. The fourth hour, or the “rollover hour,” will be counted in Area F.) Prerequisites and co-requisites are strictly enforced in all computer science courses. Major Eligibility Requirements To be eligible for the Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and to enroll in major-level CSC courses (CSC 2720 Data Structures and all 3000- and 4000-level CSC courses), students must fulfill the following requirements: Complete the following courses with a grade of C or higher: CSC 1301 Principles of Computer Science I; Either CSC 2510 Theoretical Foundations of Computer Science or MATH 2420 Discrete Mathematics; and Either MATH 1113, MATH 2211, MATH 2212, or MATH 2215. Students must earn an average of 2.5 grade points across the three courses areas (a, b, and c). The GPA will be calculated based on the first attempt at the courses designated above at Georgia State University. Where more than one course may be taken toward fulfilling the requirement (items a and b above), the first attempt at the first course taken from the list will be used to calculate the major eligibility grade-point average. For example, in item c, if a student takes MATH 1113 before taking MATH 2211, then the first attempt at MATH 1113 will be used for the major eligibility GPA. WFs counts as an attempt. Ws do not count as an attempt. Courses retaken using the university Repeat to Replace policy are not counted as first attempts. If a student has AP credit for any course designated above, the course will not be used in this GPA calculation, even if the student chooses to take the course. Transfer students who transfer these course(s) into Georgia State, may use the grades in the transferred course(s) to calculate the GPA or they may attempt them once at Georgia State. Course taken at Georgia State’s Perimeter College count as first-attempts. Once students are eligible to take major-level Computer Science courses (CSC 2720 and 3000- and 4000-level CSC courses), they remain eligible to take them as long as they are eligible to enroll at Georgia State University, and they satisfy other Computer Science program requirements. Students must meet any prerequisites for the specific 3000- or 4000-level course. This requirement applies to students entering or re-entering the university in fall 2017 or thereafter, or to students who choose to follow the Computer Science program requirements in the undergraduate catalog for 2017-18 or thereafter. Students who have selected the Computer Science B.S. major but have not yet fulfilled the major eligibility requirement will be designated as Pre-Computer Science majors. Students in majors other than Computer Science including those minoring in Computer Science, may enroll in major-level CSC courses as long as they meet any pre-requisites for the specific course. Core Curriculum Areas A-E Requirements and Recommendations Required course: MATH 1113, or higher level MATH must be taken in Area A. A section of MATH 1113 Precalculus that is designated specifically for this major is recommended (see GoSolar listing to identify appropriate sections). Required course: MATH 2211 Calculus I (4) (or a higher level mathematics course) (One credit hour counts in Area F or as an elective.) CSC students may select a lab sequence from any of the options available to science majors. Carry over from Areas A and/or D (1-2): Students will carry one additional credit hour over to Area F for each 4-credit-hour mathematics course taken in Area A and/or Area D. MATH 2212 Calculus II (4) (unless taken in either Area A or D) (0-4) Required courses: (11) CSC 1301 Principles of Computer Science I (4) CSC 1302 Principles of Computer Science II (4) CSC 2510 Theoretical Foundations of Computer Science or MATH 2420 (3) ACCT 2101, ACCT 2102, BIOL 1103K, BIOL 1104K, CHEM 1211K, CHEM 1212K, CHEM 2400, CSC 2301, CSC 2302, CSC 2920, ECON 2105, ECON 2106, MATH 2215, PHIL 1010, SCOM 1500, SCOM 2300, world language at the 2001 or 2002 level. All courses above ending in K are commonly offered as separate lecture and lab (L) courses by GSU’s Perimeter College. The combined (K) courses and separate lecture and lab (L) courses cover the same subject matter and are considered equivalent courses. Area G: Major Requirements (48) Course to fulfill CTW requirement (4): CSC 4350 Software Engineering (4) MATH 2641 Linear Algebra I (3) MATH 3020 Applied Probability & Statistics for Computer Science (3) Computer Science Requirements (22): CSC 2720 Data Structures (3) CSC 3210 Computer Organization and Programming (4) CSC 3320 System-Level Programming (3) CSC 4320 Operating Systems (4) CSC 4330 Programming Language Concepts (4) CSC 4520 Design and Analysis of Algorithms (4) For a total of sixteen (16) hours, select at least four courses from the CSc elective courses at the 3000- or 4000-level. Note: No courses at or above CSC 4870 can count towards the Area G section without departmental approval. * CSC 3210 will be scheduled as a three-hour course in fall 2019. Students covered by this catalog will need to complete a one-hour CSC 4999 Directed Reading section to complete this area. Please contact the CSC Undergraduate Director for additional information. Area H: Minor and Additional Courses (12) Twelve hours of additional courses taken at the 2000-4000 level (12) Students earning a B.S. in the Department of Computer Science are not required to complete a minor. Additional courses must be taken as electives to complete a minimum of 120 semester hours, exclusive of KH 1010. Students choosing to minor in computer science should complete CSC 1302 and CSC 2720 and nine hours of additional computer science courses at the 3000 level or above. Consultation with an adviser in computer science is recommended. Students majoring in mathematics may not include CSC 4610 or CSC 4620 in the minor. A grade of C is required for all courses counting toward the minor. Certificate in Cyber Security Along with the emerging technologies such as Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, Internet etc. are the emerging cyber threats. There is a growing need for professionals who are skilled at keeping digital information and infrastructure safe. The certificate would develop expertise in network security, information security and cyber-crime in order to prevent and respond to large scale cyber threats and attacks. The certificate in cybersecurity is designed for students to offer tangible proof of their technical and strategic knowledge in cybersecurity. The certificate consists of 16 credit hours at the 4000-level from a restricted set of courses listed below with an earned grade of B or higher in the first attempt at each course. All corresponding prerequisites will need to be met for the certificate courses. Courses retaken using the university Repeat to Replace policy are not counted as first attempts. Normally, students must be Computer Science majors to meet the requirements of the certificate. CSC 4222 Cyber Security (4) Select 3 of the following courses (12): CSC 4220 Computer Networks (4) CSC 4221 Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing (4) CSC 4224 Ethical Hacking (4) CSC 4225 Internetwork Programming (4) CSC 4360 Mobile App Development (4) Other courses approved by the department Certificate in Data Science With the proliferation of social networks and mobile computing and emerging areas of Internet of Things (IoT), cycber sensing and networking technologies, generating and collecting data has become ubiquitous. The computation and analysis of such large amounts of data have become increasingly important for today’s global and competitive economy. Businesses and industries are striving to use data analytics, data mining, machine learning and statistical models to make better data-driven decisions. As a result, a significant growing demand exists for scientists trained in managing large data sets, developing and utilizing computer systems/software to process data, extracting knowledge or insights from data in various forms and modeling predictive analytics. The certificate consists of 16 credit hours at the 4000 level from the restricted set of courses listed below with an earned grade of B or higher in the first attempt at each course. All corresponding prerequisites will need to be met for the certificate courses. Courses retaken using the university Repeat-to-Replace policy are not counted as first attempts. Normally, students must be Computer Science majors to meet the requirements of the certificate. CSC 4780 Fundamentals of Data Science (4) CSC 4710 Database Systems (4) CSC 4730 Data Visualization (4) CSC 4740 Data Mining (4) CSC 4760 Big Data Programming (4) CSC 4850 Machine Learning (4) Cooperative Education and Internship Programs The department participates in the University’s Cooperative Education program, in which students rotate between being a full-time student and working in paid, full-time professional positions. Details are available on the department’s website. The department also encourages students to seek out relevant internships to enhance their preparation for careers related to Computer Science. We offer elective credit, to count towards Area H requirements, subject to department approval. Dual Bachelor’s/Master’s Degree Programs The department offers a dual Bachelor of Science and Master of Science in Computer Science. The dual degree opportunity enables qualified students to enroll in graduate courses late in their undergraduate program and apply the coursework toward both the bachelor’s and master’s programs. Students must be formally accepted into the dual degree program by the participating departments and colleges to be able to take graduate courses as an undergraduate. Additionally, acceptance into the dual program does not constitute admission to the master’s program. Students must fulfill regular graduate admissions requirements and apply for the master’s program following college processes. The department participates in the University’s Cooperative Education program, in which students rotate between being a full-time student and working in paid, full-time professional positions. Details are available on the department’s website. The department also encourages students to seek out relevant internships to enhance their preparation for careers related to Computer Science. We offer elective credit, to count towards Area H requirements, subject to department approval. Bachelor of Arts in English Concentration in Creative Writing Concentration in Literature Concentration in Rhetoric and Composition British-American Joint Studies Program Concentration Minor in English Minor in Folklore 23rd Floor, 25 Park Place Building english.gsu.edu Lynée Lewis Gaillet, Chair Audrey Goodman, Associate Chair Stephen B. Dobranski, Director of Undergraduate Studies Elizabeth Sanders Lopez, Director of Lower Division Studies Josh Russell, Director of Creative Writing The Department of English is concerned with the study of language and literature and with the craft of writing considered integral to education since ancient times. Although the department concentrates on texts written in English by authors from Great Britain, Ireland, and the United States, it also examines translations of texts from other languages as well as newly emerging literatures in English from other cultural perspectives. Students may also encounter practices that are not, strictly speaking, “writing” at all, such as oral compositions, hypertexts, and folk art. In the first year, all students in the university take courses in the fundamentals of college-level writing and in the reasoned analysis of texts. Other English courses that form part of the core curriculum provide students with opportunities to study topics in world literature or surveys of British, American, and World literature. English majors may concentrate in one of four areas: literature, rhetoric and composition, creative writing, and pre-education. Before choosing their concentrations, all English majors have the opportunity at the sophomore level to gain a broad foundation in British and American literature and studies in literature or rhetoric. Then, with the help of their advisers, majors choose upper-division courses, which allow them to pursue their interests in more depth. Finally, students study within their chosen concentrations in seminars designed as capstones for the major. In addition, the department’s joint studies program with the University of Northumbria in Newcastle, England, offers Georgia State University English and history majors the opportunity to complete their degrees with a concentration in British and American Cultures. On successfully completing their studies, English majors will have acquired a sensitivity to the written word and an appreciation for the creative process. They will have developed their skills in organization, writing, and interpretation. English courses offer students the opportunity to discover their own insights and to articulate them with precision. Majors who concentrate in literature take a range of courses that afford them opportunities to read poetry, prose, and drama from a variety of historical periods and cultural groups. These literature courses seek to promote students’ verbal acuity and abilities at thoughtful evaluation. Closely related to the study of literature is the department’s creative writing program. Faculty in this program guide students as they practice and refine their creative work. Students who concentrate in rhetoric and composition learn about the history, theory, and practice of writing to specific audiences for particular purposes. In this concentration, students may focus on either historical rhetoric and the teaching of composition or writing within business and technical environments. Courses in this area allow students to explore the history and theory of writing as applied to the teaching of composition and to writing practices in the workplace. English majors who wish to teach English in secondary schools integrate studies of literature, language, and composition with a senior seminar that combines these areas with pedagogy. The Department of English offers courses in the related field of folklore. Georgia State University is the only institution in the state offering a wide selection of folklore courses. A number of courses in the Department of English have an interdisciplinary approach, and several are crosslisted with other units within the university, such as the Department of African-American Studies and the Institute for Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies. Because of the dynamic and varied nature of our discipline, many of the courses offered (especially on the 4000 level) focus on specific topics not indicated in detail here. Students should inquire in the department office for further information about courses. Students must pass ENGL 1102 with a grade of C or higher or be currently enrolled in ENGL 1102 to register for ENGL 2105, ENGL 2110, ENGL 2120, ENGL 2130, or ENGL 2160. Students must pass ENGL 1102 with a grade of C or be currently in the course to take ENGL 2105 or ENGL 2160. All English majors must pass ENGL 1102 and either ENGL 2120 or ENGL 2130 with a grade of C or higher to enroll in upper-division English courses. ENGL 2110 may be substituted for ENGL 2120 or ENGL 2130 as a prerequisite for 3000-level literary studies courses with a global or postcolonial mandate (ENGL 3940, ENGL 3945, ENGL 3965, and ENGL 3970). Students must pass at least 6 hours in 3000-level English courses with a grade of C or higher in order to enroll in any 4000-level English course. All English minors who plan to take British literature courses must have completed ENGL 2120 with a grade of C or higher, and all English minors planning to take American literature courses must have completed ENGL 2130 with a grade of C or higher. The department requires a minimum of 30 semester hours in upper-division English, with no more than 11 being transferred credits. B.A. in English World language or literature (6) World language (including American Sign Language) at the 2001 level (3) Either ENGL 2110 World Literature (3) or world language at the 2002 level (3) ENGL 2120 British Literature (3) ENGL 2130 American Literature (3) Select additional elective courses from Area C or from the following to complete 18 hours in Area F: AAS 1141, AAS 1142, AAS 2010, ENGL 2105, ENGL 2160, HIST 1111, HIST 1112, HIST 1141, HIST 1142, WGSS 2010, World language 1002 (3) The English major requires ten upper-division courses (30 semester hours) distributed as described below. The same course may not be used to satisfy more than one of the listed requirements. Each of the four concentrations within the major has specific requirements as outlined here. Students should consult the department for specific information about which courses offered in each two-year sequence will fit the requirements for each concentration. All students are encouraged to pursue internships (ENGL 4500). Creative Writing Concentration Creative Writing Core Requirements (12) A student electing to pursue the B.A. in English, Concentration in Creative Writing must choose a sub-concentration in either Poetry or Fiction and complete the 12-hour/4-class sequence of Creative Writing classes in that sub-concentration. Poetry (12): ENGL 3150A Introduction to Creative Writing: Poetry (3) or ENGL 3150C Introduction to Creative Writing: Poetry & Fiction (3) ENGL 3170 Poetic Techniques (3) ENGL 3180A Contemporary Poetry (3) ENGL 4310A Senior Seminar: Poetry Writing (CTW) (3) Fiction (12): ENGL 3150B Introduction to Creative Writing: Fiction (3) or ENGL 3150C Introduction to Creative Writing: Poetry and Fiction (3) ENGL 3160 Narrative Techniques (3) ENGL 3180B Contemporary Fiction Craft (3) ENGL 4310B Senior Seminar: Fiction Writing (CTW) (3) Methods: Select one course from Literature Studies Area 1. (3) ENGL 3040 Introduction to Literary Studies (3) ENGL 3105 Practical Grammar (3) ENGL 3210 Advanced Grammar (3) ENGL 3220 History of the English Language (3) ENGL 3225 History and Future of the Book (3) ENGL 3230 History of Literary and Cultural Theory (3) ENGL 3250 Topics in Contemporary Theory (3) ENGL 3260 Theories of Popular Culture (3) ENGL 3995 Feminist Literary Criticism (3) FOLK 3100 Folklore and Literature (3) ENGL 4204 Special Topics in Criticism and Theory (3) Literature before 1800: Select one class from Literature Studies Area 2. (3) ENGL 3280 English Drama before 1800 (3) ENGL 3290 English Fiction before 1800 (3) ENGL 3300 Medieval Literature (3) ENGL 3310 Old English (3) ENGL 3350 Literature and War (3) ENGL 3400 Courtiers, Clergy, and Poets (3) ENGL 3410 Seduction, Revolution, and the Birth of Science (3) ENGL 3420 Mythology (3) ENGL 3500 Restoration and Eighteenth-Century English Literature (3) ENGL 3510 Later Eighteenth-Century English Literature (3) ENGL 3520 Life Writing (3) ENGL 3550 Early Indigenous Literature (3) ENGL 3600 Early Romanticism (3) ENGL 3800 Early American Literature (3) ENGL 3915 Literature of the Early South (3) ENGL 3980 Women’s Literature before 1800 (3) ENGL 4110 Chaucer (3) ENGL 4130 Shakespeare, Earlier Works (3) ENGL 4140 Shakespeare, Later Works (3) ENGL 4150 Milton (3) ENGL 4100 Study of a Single Author before 1800 (3) ENGL 4201 Special Topics before 1800 (3) Literature after 1800: Select one course from Literature Studies Area 3. (3) ENGL 3605 Late Romanticism (3) ENGL 3610 Love and Death in Victorian Poetry (3) ENGL 3620 The Victorian Novel (3) ENGL 3630 Haunted Texts (3) ENGL 3695 LGBTQ Literature (3) ENGL 3700 Early Twentieth-Century British Literature (3) ENGL 3710 Late Twentieth-Century British Literature (3) ENGL 3720 Twentieth-Century English Poetry (3) ENGL 3810 American Romantics (3) ENGL 3820 Realism and Naturalism (3) ENGL 3830 American Modernisms (3) ENGL 3840 Postmodern American Literature (3) ENGL 3850 American Poetry (3) ENGL 3860 American Drama (3) ENGL 3865 Short Story (3) ENGL 3875 Science Fiction (3) ENGL 3885 Contemporary Literature (3) ENGL 3895 Graphic Novel (3) ENGL 3900 Irish Literature (3) ENGL 3905 Jewish Literature (3) ENGL 3910 Children’s and Young-Adult Literature (3) ENGL 3920 Southern Literature (3) ENGL 3930 Modern Drama (3) ENGL 3940 Postcolonial Literature (3) ENGL 3945 Literature and Global Conflict (3) ENGL 3950 African American Literature (3) ENGL 3960 African American Literature by Women (3) ENGL 3965 African Literature (3) ENGL 3970 Caribbean Literature (3) ENGL 3975 Later Indigenous Literature (3) ENGL 3990 Women’s Literature after 1800 (3) ENGL 4010 Topics in African American Culture (3) ENGL 4020 Advanced Indigenous Literature (3) ENGL 4030 Literature and the City (3) ENGL 4040 Religion and Literature (3) ENGL 4050 Transnational Literature (3) ENGL 4101 Study of a Single Author after 1800 (3) ENGL 4202 Special Topics after 1800 (3) 4000-level Literature Elective: Select one 4000-level course from Literature Studies Area 2 or Area 3. (3) Creative Writing, Literature, Rhetoric and Composition, Folklore, Pre-Education in English Electives. Select two 3000-level or 4000-level English or Folklore courses. (6) When choosing classes from this section, consider how you can use this coursework to increase your professional and/or personal post-graduate options. If your primary interest is writing poetry or fiction, take an additional Creative Writing class or classes (fiction if your sub-concentration is poetry, poetry if your sub-concentration is fiction; Special Topics in Creative Writing (ENGL 4205); etc.). If you would like the option of entering the workforce directly after graduation, use these elective hours to prepare for a career as a technical or professional writer by enrolling in ENGL 3110 Technical Writing or ENGL 4510 Grant and Proposal Writing. If you’re considering graduate school in Literature, Creative Writing, or a research-and-writing-focused field (Law, Education, etc.), choose an additional Literature or Folklore class. Editing classes, including ENGL 3140 Editing for Publication and ENGL 4501 Literary Editing and Publishing, can be useful if you’re interested in launching your own magazine or small press, or entering the workforce as an editor. ENGL 4500 Internship offers a variety of experiences useful for both professional and personal growth. Literature Concentration Methods: Select one course. (3) Literature before 1800: Select three courses, including at least one at the 4000 level. (9) Literature after 1800: Select three courses, including at least one at the 4000 level. (9) Applications: Select one course. (3) Majors must have completed at least twelve semester hours of upper-division English course work before registering for an Applications course. ENGL 4300 Senior Seminar (CTW) (3) Literature Elective: Select one courses from areas 1, 2, or 3 above (3000- or 4000-level). (3) General Elective: Select one course in English or Folklore (3000- or 4000-level). (3) Pre-Education in English Concentration Majors with the Pre-education in English concentration should be sure to take a mix of courses that focus on British and American literature to prepare effectively for a career in English education. Courses appearing in more than one category can fulfill only one requirement. Methods: Select one course; ENGL 3105, ENGL 3210, and ENGL 3220 recommended. (3) ENGL 3195 Teaching in English Studies (3) Literature before 1800: Select one course. (3) ENGL 3410 Seduction, Revolution, & the Birth of Science (3) ENGL 3500 Restoration and Eighteenth-Century Lit (3) ENGL 3510 Later Eighteenth-Century English Lit (3) ENGL 3550 Early Indigenous Literatures (3) Literature after 1800: Select one course. (3) ENGL 3620 Victorian Novels (3) ENGL 3700 Early Twentieth-Century British Lit (3) ENGL 3710 Late Twentieth-Century British Lit (3) ENGL 3975 Later Indigenous Literatures (3) Multicultural/Genre Literature: Select two courses. (6) ENGL 4204 Special Topics in Criticism & Theory (3) ENGL 4206 Special Topics in Pre-Education in English (3) FOLK 3000 American Folklore (3) FOLK 4000 Georgia Folk Life (3) Single Author: Select one course. (3) Writing: Select one course; ENGL 3100 recommended. (3) ENGL 3080 Persuasion: History, Theory, Practice (3) ENGL 3090 Exposition: History, Theory, Practice (3) ENGL 3100 Composition Studies: History, Theory, Practice (3) ENGL 3150 A or B Introduction to Creative Writing (3) Electives: Select two courses in English or Folklore from those listed above (3000- or 4000-level); ENGL 4500 Internship is strongly recommended. (6) ENGL 4330 Senior Seminar (3) (CTW) Further coursework (9 hours) in the major is recommended but not required for this concentration. Specific recommendations are one additional course from section 2 (Literature before 1800) and ENGL 3100, or, if already taken, one additional course from section 6 (Writing). Additional courses for the Pre-Education in English concentration. These are not required, but are recommended for elective credit: LT 3210 Teaching and Technology (3) Majors with the Pre-Education in English concentration are encouraged to apply to the College of Education and Human Development Master of Arts in Teaching (M.A.T.) in English Education (TEEMS) for certification preparation. The Master’s degree has a track of four semesters begun in the summer term and a three-semester certification track also begun in the summer and completed in the spring. Hours earned in the certification track can be applied later toward the completion of the Master’s degree. English majors who want to pursue certification to teach at the middle or secondary school level should seek advisement from the College of Education Office of Academic Assistance (300] College of Education Building, 404-413-8000) and the Middle Secondary Education and Instructional Technology Department (639 College of Education Building, 404-413-8060). Georgia State University offers a four-semester Master of Arts in Teaching degree in Middle Childhood or in English Education (TEEMS MCE and TEEMS Secondary English) with initial certification that is a four-semester program. Application deadlines are October 1 and February 1 for the following semesters. Students interested in teaching in middle school should major and minor in a combination of English (Pre-Education in English Concentration) and Social Studies. The English minor interested in teaching middle school should complete the following plan of study: ENGL 2120, ENGL 2130, and ENGL 3040, ENGL 3105, ENGL 3910, and one of the following: ENGL 3100, ENGL 3180. Rhetoric and Composition Concentration Entry and Capstone Courses for the Concentration. (6) ENGL 3050 Introduction to Rhetoric and Composition (3) ENGL 4320 Senior Seminar: Rhetoric, Advanced Composition and Technical Writing (CTW) (3) Majors must have completed at least twelve hours of upper-division courses in rhetoric and advanced composition and technical and professional writing before taking ENGL 4320.ENGL 3050 is a prerequisite for ENGL 4320. Select two courses from the history, theory, practice cluster. (6) Select two courses from the production cluster. (6) ENGL 3110 Technical Writing (3) ENGL 3115 Multimodal Composition (3) ENGL 3120 Digital Writing and Publishing (3) ENGL 3130 Business Writing (3) ENGL 3135 Visual Rhetoric (3) ENGL 3140 Editing for Publication (3) Select two electives from Rhetoric and Composition courses not already taken. (6) ENGL 4203 Special Topics in Rhetoric and Composition (3) ENGL 4500 Internship (3) ENGL 4510 Grant and Proposal Writing (3) ENGL 4521 Archival Research Methods (3) Select one elective from any 3000 level English or Folklore courses. (3) Select one elective from any 4000 level English or Folklore course. (3) ENGL 3230 Histories of Literary and Cultural Theory (3) Literature before 1800: Select two courses, including at least one at the 4000 level. (6) ENGL 3500 Restoration and Eighteenth-Century Literature (3) ENGL 3510 Later Eighteenth-Century English Literature(3) Applications: Select one. (3) Majors must have completed at least twelve semester hours of upper-division English course work before registering for an Applications course. Exchange Program course in British & American Cultures at GSU. (3) ENGL 3266 British/American Cultures Seminar (3) Courses in British & American Cultures at Northumbria. (6) Six hours of coursework taken at Northumbria in British history or literature and/or in the American Studies program. General Electives: select two courses in English or Folklore (3000- or 4000-level). (6) English majors have three options: a minor, a double major, or additional courses in the major. One of these options, combined with electives, will complete their degree requirements. Each student should discuss these options with a department advisor and choose the one that will best serve the student’s long-term goals. Minor: at least 15 semester hours, 9 hours of which must be taken at the 3000 level or above, either in Folklore or from one department, school, or institute other than the English department. The requirements for a minor must be fulfilled in a department, school, or institute that offers a baccalaureate degree. Students interested in an interdisciplinary minor should consult their advisors. The College of Arts and Sciences requires a grade of C or higher in each course counted toward the minor. Double major: course work to satisfy requirements for a second major in addition to English; all college and departmental requirements apply to this second major to the first major. Further course work in the major: three courses (9 hours) beyond the ten courses (30 hours) required for the major. Additional courses from departments, schools, or institutes other than the major must be taken to complete a minimum of 120 hours, exclusive of 1000-2000 level physical education. One of these courses must be Lang 2002 (see “Major Courses” above). Departmental Student Assessment: Senior Exit Portfolio To graduate, English majors must submit an exit portfolio designed appropriate to their concentration. All portfolios include a statement of self-assessment and four to six substantial pieces of writing that demonstrate their skills appropriate to their concentration. Specific information about the exit portfolio for each concentration is available from the department. Portfolios are due at the mid-point of the semester of graduation. Students who are majoring or minoring in English may earn Graduation with Distinction in the Department of English if they meet the following three criteria: They are nominated by a faculty member to write an Honors Thesis; They successfully complete an Honors Thesis, under either Model 1 or Model 2, as described in the Department of English’s Honors Thesis Requirements and Guidelines; and They maintain a cumulative GPA of at least 3.5 upon graduation. Students who choose on their own to pursue an Honors Thesis in English (and thus are not nominated by a faculty member), who are not minoring or majoring in English, or who do not maintain at least a 3.5 GPA may still graduate with honors. But they are not eligible to earn the additional award of Graduation with Distinction in English. Faculty members may nominate students to undertake an Honors Thesis by contacting in writing the Chair of the Events and Awards Committee, who will then contact the student. With rare exceptions, the nominating faculty member is expected to serve as the supervisor of the student’s Honors Thesis. For more information about the Honors Thesis, please see the Department of English’s Honors Thesis Requirements and Guidelines. Minor in English or Folklore Students who minor in English or Folklore must complete at least 15 hours of course work in English or Folklore, and the minimum for those interested in teaching middle school is 18 hours. Regardless of concentration, 12 hours applied to the minor must be at the 3000 level or above, and some of these upper-division courses might also require students to take prerequisites. Students taking more than 15 hours in courses in English may count the additional hours toward their electives or may consider completing a double major. See above under “Teacher Certification” for an English minor in preparation to teach middle school. (A grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor.) alsl.gsu.edu Sarah Kegley, ESL Director (credit-bearing courses) John Bunting, IEP Director The ESL credit–bearing courses for bilingual/non-native speakers of English at the undergraduate level include special sections of ENGL 1101 and ENGL 1102 and Human Communication (SCOM 1000 and SCOM 1500). These courses are for both international students and resident bilingual/bicultural students. For more information, see “ESL Program” at alsl.gsu.edu. The IEP is a non-credit program designed to prepare students with the language and study skills necessary for successful academic work in American colleges and universities. Classes are offered at advanced beginning, low intermediate, intermediate, high intermediate, and advanced levels in the following areas: structure/composition, reading/listening, academic writing, extensive reading, and oral communication. Students are admitted to the IEP through the Department of Applied Linguistics and ESL and not through regular Georgia State admission procedures. For information and/or application forms, contact: Intensive English Program, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 4099, Atlanta, GA 30302-4099, or at iep.gsu.edu. Admission to the Intensive English Program does not constitute regular admission to a degree-granting program of Georgia State or of any other branch of the University System of Georgia. Students who wish to take degree work at the university must complete the student application appropriate for the desired program, submit all credentials, and receive an official decision from the Office of Admissions or Office of Graduate Services. 3235 Entertainment Media Management Interdisciplinary Minor in Entertainment Media Management Creative Media Industries Institute Brennen Dicker, Executive Director David Cheshier, minor coordinator, dcheshier@gsu.edu The interdisciplinary Entertainment Media Management minor prepares students for a variety of management-related careers in the entertainment and music industries. The curriculum is founded on a basic knowledge of business administration, contracts, intellectual property issues, event management, artist management, marketing, promotion and branding basics. The minor would prepare students to work in a range of capacities in artist management, concert promotion, music publishing, recording, publicity and marketing/promotion firms. Graduates will leave with an understanding of the distinctiveness of the entertainment business and will be prepared to enter this rapidly changing and multifaceted world. Students should enter the Entertainment Media Management minor having taken course prerequisites needed for entrance into their planned program of study. Below is a list of courses that are common prerequisites for courses in the Entertainment Media Management. ART 1010 Drawing I (3 credit hours) ART 1020 Two-Dimensional Design (3) CMIS 2000 Introduction to On-Set Film Production (Georgia Film Academy) (6) CMIS 2100 Introduction to Games Industries (3) FLME 1010 Film Aesthetics and Analysis (3) FLME 2700 History of the Motion Picture (3) FLME 2900 Language of Film through Production (3) MUS 1430 Fundamentals of Music (3) MUS 1440 Theory I (3) MUS 1540 Theory II (3) MUS 2440 Theory III (3) Required Courses for the Interdisciplinary Minor (15-18 hours) Students pursuing the interdisciplinary minor in Entertainment Media Management must take five courses, with at least one from each of three areas: Media Industry/Law/Policy, Marketing and Promotion, and Production Perspectives. No more than two of the five courses counting toward the minor can have the same course prefix. Additionally, no more than two of the five courses counting toward the minor may also count toward the major. Courses in the Media Industry/Law/Policy area survey the contemporary media landscape in terms of ownership, distribution structures, and intellectual property/regulation issues. Marketing and Promotion Courses equip the student with the basic tools to analyze entertainment markets and publicize media properties. Production Perspectives courses allow the student to briefly engage in media production in order to better understand how to interact with media creative personnel. Media Industry/Law/Policy CMIS 4000 New Ventures in Creative Media (3) CMIS 4010 Media Business Development (3) CMIS 4030 Managing the Creative Enterprise (3) CMIS 4090 Leading a Non-profit Arts Organization (3) CMIS 4600 Introduction to the Music Industry (3) CMIS 4630/MTM 3050 Legal Aspects of the Music Industry (3) CMIS 4660/MTM 3450 Artist Representation (3) FLME 4800 Media Industries (3) JOUR 3060 Communication Law and Regulation (3) MK 3010 Marketing Management (3) MTM 3010 Introduction to the Music Industry (3) MTM 3300 Copyright and Music Publishing (3) MTM 3440 Entrepreneurship in the Music Industry-CTW (3) CMIS 4030 Managing Creative Enterprise (3) CMIS 4660/MTM 3450 Artist Representation in the Music Industry (3) CMIS 4680 Social Media & Digital Promotion (3) CMIS 4610/MTM 3020 Promotion of Recorded Music (3) FLME 4156 Media Entrepreneurship (4) JOUR 3500 Public Relations Techniques (3) JOUR 4610 Applied Graphic Communication JOUR 4770 Media Management and Marketing (3) MK 4100 Buyer Behavior (3) MTM 3030 Marketing and Branch Distribution in the Music Industry (3) Production Perspectives CMIS 4050 Producing Television (3) CMIS 4060 Designing Immersive Media Experiences (4) CMIS 4310 Virtual Production Pipeline (3) CMIS 4320 Advanced Postproduction for TV (3) CMIS 4915 Special Topics in Advanced Technology Media Production (3-4) CMIS 4980 Internship (1-6) FLME 3100 Television Practicum (1-4) FLME 3115 Screenwriting AND Visualization for the Short Film (4) THEA 4000/FLME 4000 Acting and Directing for the Camera (4) FLME 4120 Production I (3) FLME 4310 Feature Screenwriting I (3) FLME 4320 Feature Screenwriting II (3) GRD 3000 Introduction to Graphic Design (3) GRD 3200 Intermediate Graphic Design GRD 3300 Illustration Design (3) GRD 3400 Survey of Graphic Design (3) MUS 4730 Computer Applications in Music (2) MUS 4981 Computer Music (3) PHOT 3000 Introduction to Photography (3) PHOT 3030 Digital Photography (3) PHOT 3010 Film and Darkroom (3) PHOT 3200 Color and Light (3) Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies in Environmental Science Faculty Coordinator: Rebekah Chapman, rchapman@gsu.edu The BIS in Environmental Science program provides a foundation in the physical and life sciences, policy, and global and urban sustainability issues. This concentration emphasizes a broad-based course of study, exposing students to the complex social and scientific processes involved in understanding and addressing environmental issues. Students are encouraged to develop specific areas of focus depending on their future goals (e.g., graduate school, government agencies, and environmental consulting firms). Please refer to the Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies section 3030.30 of this catalog for academic regulations for this program. B.I.S. in Environmental Science Recommended: MATH 1101, MATH 1111, MATH 1113, MATH 1401, or any higher-level mathematics course. Recommended: World language at the 1002 level or higher (3) Recommended courses (either of the following sequences): 1) BIOL 1103K Introductory Biology I (4) and 2) BIOL 1104K Introductory Biology II (4) 1) BIOL 2107 Principles of Biology I (3) and BIOL 2107L Principles of Biology I Lab (1) and 2) BIOL 2108 Principles of Biology II (3) and BIOL 2108L Principles of Biology II Lab (1) Please discuss Area F selections with program coordinator or your academic advisor, as many of the options below are prerequisites for upper-level courses. Required courses (if not taken in Area D) (16): Select one geosciences lab sequence from the following options (8): GEOG 1112K Introduction to Weather and Climate (4) and GEOG 1113K Introduction to Landforms (4) GEOL 1121K Introductory Geology I (4) and GEOL 1122K Introductory Geology II (4) Select one biology lab sequence from the following options (8): BIOL 1103K Introductory Biology I (4) and BIOL 1104K Introductory Biology II (4) Select additional courses from the list below to complete 18 hours in Area F. (Please discuss these choices with your academic advisor to be certain you are taking the prerequisites necessary for Areas G and H.) ANTH 1102, ANTH 2010, ANTH 2020, ANTH 2030, BIOL 2300, BIOL 2800, CHEM 1151K, CHEM 1152K or CHEM 1211K, [CHEM 1212K), CHEM 2400, CHEM 2410, ECON 2105, ECON 2106, GEOG 1112K, GEOG 1113K, GEOL 1121K, GEOL 1122K, GEOL 2001, MATH 1113, MATH 1401, MATH 2211, MATH 2212, POLS 2401, PSYC 1101, SCOM 1000, SOCI 1101 Area G: Area of Concentration — Foundations of Environmental Science and Sustainability (27-34) Students must complete coursework in at least three disciplines (defined by course prefixes) in Area G. Some of the Area G courses listed below are also in Area H. They may only count in one place. Required of all BIS Environmental Science Majors (9) Geosciences. Select one course: GEOG 4644 Environmental Conservation (3) GEOG 4648 Biogeography (3) Public Management and Policy. Select one course: Recommended option: PMAP 3021 Citizenship, The Community, and The Public Sector (3) PMAP 3011 Policy and Politics in the American City (3) PMAP 4421 GIS Application to Planning and Policy Analysis (3) Biology. Select one course: BIOL 3820 Plant Biology (3) (consult with advisor prior to registration) BIOL 3840 Animal Biology (3) (consult with advisor prior to registration) CTW Course. Students must take one CTW course appropriate to the program (3-4). CTW courses do not count toward the maximum number of courses within a single discipline. Recommended options: BIOL 4045K General Ecology-CTW (4) GEOG 4784 Global Climate Change (3) GEOG 4764 Urban Geography-CTW (3) PMAP 3311 Critical Policy Issues-CTW (3) PMAP 4051 Evaluating Public Policy-CTW (3) SCOM 3250 Persuasion-CTW (3) Research Methods/Spatial Analysis (3-10) BIOL 4930 Topics in Biology: Experimental Methods in Environmental Science (3-4) GEOG 4532 Geographic Information Systems (4) PMAP 4421 GIS Application Planning and Policy Analysis (3) ANTH 4590 Archeological Methods (4) ANTH 4670 Research Methods in Sociocultural Anthropology (3) GEOG 4515 Qualitative Methods in Geography (3) GEOG 4518 Digital Cartography (3) GEOG 4520 Quantitative Spatial Analysis (3) GEOG 4530 Introduction to Remote Sensing (4) PMAP 4041 Policy Data Analysis (3) PMAP 4051 Evaluating Public Policy (3) SOCI 3010 Social Statistics (3) MATH 4547 Intro to Statistical Methods (3) Elective Courses in Environmental Science (3-10) BIOL 3440 Fundamentals of Evolution (3) BIOL 3800 Molecular and Cell Biology (3) BIOL 4011/GEOL 4011 Principles of Paleontology (4) BIOL 4050/GEOG 4050 Natural Environments of Georgia (4) BIOL 4910 Undergraduate Research in Biology (Ecology/Sustainability) (1-5) BIOL 4915 Collaborative Internships in Biology (Ecology/Sustainability) (2) BIOL 4916 Ecology Internship (2) BIOL 4930 Topics in Biology (Ecology or Sustainability focus) (3) ECON 4220 Environmental Economics and Policy (3) EDCI 4100 Service Learning in Action (3) GEOG 4534 Advanced Geographic Information Systems (4) GEOG 4020 Urban Environments (3) GEOG 4538 Urban Health Geographic Information Systems (4) GEOG 4640 Geomorphology (3) GEOG 4550/GEOL 4550 Field School in Geosciences (4) GEOG 4650/GEOL 4650 Surface Water Hydrology (4) GEOG 4768/HIST 4320/SOCI 4279 Metropolitan Atlanta (3) GEOG 4774 Contemporary Urban Issues (3) GEOG 4832 Geosciences Internships (3) GEOL 4003 Aqueous Geochemistry (3) GEOL 4005 Geology of Georgia (3) JOUR 3040/SCOM 3040 Communicating Environmental Issues (3) PMAP 3111 Urban Political Economy (3) PMAP 3210 Introduction to Nonprofits (3) PMAP 3411 Contemporary Planning (3) PMAP 4331 Urban Development and Sustainable Cities (3) SOCI 3350 Social Change and the Future (3) Elective Courses at Large (0-8) Additional courses may be taken from areas 1-4 to bring total hours to 27-34. Area H: Allied Field – Environmental Science in Context (15-21) Choose one area of concentration from the options below and select the courses that fit your career goals. If courses have been taken to fulfill Area G, they cannot also count in Area H. Students may combine courses to create their own area of focus with the approval of the faculty program coordinator and the college BIS director. Students must complete coursework in at least two disciplines (defined by course prefixes) in Area H. Courses with multiple prerequisites are indicated with an asterisk (). Please consult with the faculty program coordinator regarding prerequisite waivers, which may not be possible for many courses. Sustainability Focus: BIOL 4916 Internships in Biology (focus: Ecology/Sustainability Internships) (2) PMAP 3211 Career Development in Public and Nonprofit (3) PMAP 3213 Nonprofit Financial Resources (3) PMAP 3231 Nonprofit Leadership and Management (3) SCOM 3040 Communicating Environmental Issues (3) Natural and Cultural Resources Management: ANTH 4170 Mesoamerican Archeology (4) ANTH 4180 Archeology of the Southeastern US (4) BIOL 4045K General Ecology-CTW (4) (consult with advisor prior to registration) BIOL 4915 Collaborative Internships in Biology (focus: Ecology/Sustainability Externship) (2) BIOL 4916 Internships in Biology (focus: Ecology/Sustainability) (2) BIOL 4930 Topics in Biology (topic: Ecology/Sustainability) (3-4) GEOG 4550 Field School in the Geosciences (3-6) GEOG 4646 Water Resource Management (3) GEOG 4650 Applied Hydrology (3) GEOL 4007 Hydrogeology (4) HIST 4325 Introduction to Public History and Historic Preservation (3) PMAP 4421 GIS Application of Planning and Policy Analysis (3) POLS 4422 NGOs and World Politics (3) Urban Ecology/Sustainable Development: ANTH 4200 Urban Anthropology (3) ANTH 4240 Food: History, Ecology & Political Economy (3) BIOL 4930 Topics in Biology (Ecology or Sustainability focus) (3-4) ECON 4300 Economics of Cities (3) GEOG 4538 Urban Health Geographic Systems (4) SOCI 4226 Urban Sociology (3) GEOG 4774 Contemporary Urban Theory and Issues (3) Global Environmental Issues: AAS 4890/ENGL 3970 Caribbean Literature (3) ANTH 4490 Anthropology of Globalization (3) ANTH 4980 Anthropology of Europe-CTW (3) ANTH 4980/GLOS 4650/POLS 4290 Topics in Global Studies: Refugees and Forced Migration (3) BIOL 4930 Topics in Biology (topic: Tropical Island Ecology, Virgin Islands or Cichlid Behavioral Ecology) (3-4) BIOL 4999 Directed Readings in Biology (1) EDCI 4100 Service Learning in Action, Dominican Republic (3) GEOG 4402/GLOS 4650 Geography of Africa (3) GEOG 4778 Political Geography (3) PMAP 4451 Economic Development Policy (3) POLS 3400 International Politics (3) Environmental Health and Toxicology: BIOL 4458 Microbial Ecology and Metabolism (4) BIOL 4480 Principles of Toxicology (4) BIOL 4694 Biosafety: Principles and Practice (4) CHEM 4600 Biochemistry I (5)* Conservation Biology: ANTH 4330 Primate Behavioral Anthropology (3) BIOL 3020 Marine Biology (3) BIOL 3850 Animal Biology Lab (1)* BIOL 4010/NEUR 4360/MATH 4010 Mathematical Biology (3)* BIOL 4913 and BIOL 4914 Georgia Aquarium Internship I and II (2) Environment and the Media ENGL 3120 Electronic Writing and Publishing (3) JOUR 3500 Introduction to PR Techniques (3)* JOUR 4500/SCOM 4500 Visual Communication (3) POLS 4160 Political Attitudes and Public Opinion (3) POLS 4162 Politics and the Media (3) SCOM 3040 Communication Environmental Issues (3) Sustainable Food Sources/Urban Gardens: ANTH 4240 Food: History, Ecology and Political Economy (3) ANTH 4550 Field School in Anthropology (topic: Growing Local Food: Field School in Sustainable Food Systems and Ethnographic Methods) (4-8) BIOL 4916 Internships in Biology (focus: Ecology/Sustainability Externship) (2) BIOL 4916 Ecology Research Internship (2) Electives are used to build the hours in Areas G-I to 60 hours, have 39 hours at Georgia State University taken at the 3000-4000 level for residency, and complete 120 hours required for graduation. This program offers undergraduate students with the opportunity to earn the designation of graduation with distinction in the major. Please contact the program director for the specific criteria for this honor. European Union Studies Certificate 1005 Langdale Hall politicalscience.gsu.edu/ Program Coordinator: Jeannie Grussendorf (jgrussendorf@gsu.edu) The certificate in European Union Studies is operated under the supervision of the European Council of the University System of Georgia. The program is open to all institutions and students of the University System as well as to professionals with an undergraduate degree. The program’s purpose is to promote knowledge of the European Union (EU) and certify individuals as competent in the subject area of EU studies. Since the EU is the most important economic and political partner of the United States, this certification demonstrates valuable professional expertise to potential employers. For students in the academic track, this interdisciplinary certificate can be earned as a supplement to any conventional undergraduate degree. Admission to the Program A certificate in European Union Studies can be earned in one of two ways. Under the academic track, a certificate is taken in tandem with an undergraduate degree program. Students from all academic majors are eligible to participate so long as they possess a minimum 2.75 cumulative grade point average (GPA). Under the professional track, non-degree seeking students — such as business executives — are eligible to enroll in the program upon proof of a valid undergraduate degree from an accredited institution. The minimum GPA requirement is waived. Under either track, an application to the program cannot be made until successful completion of the following: (1) the introductory course on the European Union (POLS 4242) with a grade of “C” or better, (2) 30 semester hours of academic credit, and (3) a course in world or western civilization (HIST 1111 or HIST 1112). The European Union Studies Certificate To earn the EU Studies Certificate, students must complete the certificate curriculum (18 hours) and fulfill the practicum experience requirement. Students must have a 3.0 cumulative GPA in curriculum courses upon completion of the program. An official certificate is awarded upon graduation, and the certificate is noted on a student’s permanent transcripts. The EU Studies Certificate Curriculum (18): POLS 4242 The European Union (3) Multidisciplinary Menu (12) A student must complete four courses from an approved menu of courses dealing substantially with the EU. These courses must be distributed among at least three different discipline areas: Social Sciences, Humanities and Fine Arts, Business and Economics, and Natural and Health Sciences. The program’s campus representative decides which courses qualify for the certificate and maintains an updated list of approved courses in the different discipline areas. No more than one course in this menu can be taken at the 1000-2000 level, with the exception of EU Studies online courses (see below) and study abroad courses. Students may substitute for up to two menu courses by performing an internship and/or composing a thesis. Capstone Seminar in EU Studies (3) Taken either as a Directed Study (PolS 4920) or online course, this is ideally the last course in the certificate program. It has three learning objectives: (1) to update students on EU developments and reinforce their general knowledge of the EU, (2) to provide in-depth knowledge of important EU issues, and (3) to allow students to conduct intensive research on EU-related topics. Practicum Experience: Since it is deemed crucial that students demonstrate more than an academic knowledge of the European Union to be certified as adequately prepared in the subject, a “real-life” practicum experience pertaining to the EU must be performed either in the form of an overseas visit or an internship. The overseas option is broadly defined and can be accommodated by a wide range of activities, including study or research abroad. The same flexibility applies to the internship, which can be served domestically or internationally. A student’s specific practicum experience must be approved by the program’s campus representative. Online Courses and Transatlantic Joint Certificate The EU Studies program has developed a curriculum of online courses in conjunction with European university partners. These are courses in different discipline areas that deal with various aspects of the EU and are taught jointly by University System institutions and European universities at specified times throughout the academic year. The program’s campus representative maintains an updated list of these courses and a teaching schedule, as well as information about course registration. The EU Studies program offers the option of acquiring a certificate that is jointly conferred with a European institution. This option requires students to complete — with a grade of “B” or better — a minimum of two online courses that are co-taught with European partner universities. Students completing this option have the EU Studies certificate awarded by both their home institution and one in Europe, thus giving them an academic credential from a respected European university. Areas of Distinction In addition to acknowledging competence in the EU generally, the certificate also highlights special achievements by providing a notation of “distinction” in two areas: (1) foreign language proficiency (six semester hours at or above the 2000 level and (2) composition of a thesis. The foreign language distinction must be earned in a European language approved by the program’s campus representative as appropriate to the certificate’s objectives. A student with prior language skills can earn a distinction by successful completion of an examination demonstrating competency equivalent to the 2000 level. The exam is administered at the student’s home institution. The thesis can be written anytime during the final year of study. It is supervised by a committee composed of three faculty members representing at least two different academic disciplines. The program’s campus representative maintains a more detailed description of thesis requirements. Bachelor of Arts in French Concentration in Language, Culture, and Society Concentration in Language and International Business Concentration in Foreign Language Education Minor in French Certificate of Language Ability in French Dual B.A. / M.A. Program in French wlcgraduate@gsu.edu Gladys M. Francis, French Program Coordinator Germán Torres, Language Coordinator (FREN 1001-2002 courses) The Department of World Languages and Cultures serves a threefold purpose: to encourage an appreciation of humanistic values through the study of world languages, literatures, and cultures; to teach world languages as a means of communication; and to prepare students for academic careers and the opportunities available in the field of international business. As part of a dynamic urban university in a city of growing international awareness and status, the department is fulfilling its responsibility to meet the increasing world language needs of the governmental, business, and professional communities. The department recognizes that an active command of the world language and a thorough exploration of the related cultures form an essential basis for further study in the various areas of its curriculum. To this end, the department sponsors a study-abroad program in Tours (France) and exchange programs in France (Bordeaux and Paris), in the French Caribbean (Guadeloupe and Martinique), and in Africa (Senegal). The department sponsors two Freshman Learning Communities each year. One group is designed for students interested in using their world language in international business. The other, sponsored jointly by the Department of Applied Linguistics/ESL, is in Language Studies. For students who hope to teach at the K-12 levels, the department offers a concentration that leads to certification in French. For students who view language study as a preparation for a career in the business world, the department has two special programs: a concentration in the business language of French; and a practicum in an internationally oriented business or service organization in the metro area for qualified and interested students in their senior year. The department also offers the Bachelor of Arts Major in International Economics and Modern Languages (IEML), in collaboration with the Andrew Young School of Policy Studies. All French majors are encouraged to consult regularly with their departmental advisor in designing and following a program of study that fits their own career objective and the requirements of their particular concentration. In addition to courses in the language major, students are advised to choose courses in other areas that complement their language study. Such courses include other languages, history, philosophy, art and music, business, and education. Faculty mentors in the department are eager to discuss students’ academic plans as they design their course of study. B.A. in French Required courses (0-9): FREN through the 2002 level (0-9) Majors must achieve competence at the intermediate level before beginning courses at the 3000 level. They may demonstrate competence through placement exam scores, including the CLEP exam, prior study, or courses taken at Georgia State University. Any courses in other world languages AAS 1141, AAS 1142, AAS 2140, AL 2101, AL 2102, ANTH 1002, ANTH 2020, AH 1700, AH 1750, ART 1301, ECON 2105, ECON 2106, ENGL 2110, ENGL 2120, ENGL 2130, ENGL 2140, EDUC 2110, EDUC 2120, EDUC 2130, GEOG 1101, HIST 1111, HIST 1112, HIST 1141, HIST 1142, FLME 1010, JOUR 1010, MUS 1301, PHIL 2010, POLS 2401, THEA 1301, WGSS 2010 The major in French consists of 30 hours (ten courses) on the 3000/4000 level. Prerequisite for all courses on the 3000 level is FREN 2002. Prerequisite for all courses at the 4000 level is the completion of the three courses at the 3000 level. Major Requirements (6) FREN 3013 Intensive Grammar Review (3) FREN 3023 Advanced Conversation and Composition-CTW (3) Concentration Courses (24) Language, Culture, and Society Concentration Required Course to fulfill CTW requirement (3) FREN 3033 Introduction to Analysis of Literary Texts-CTW (3) Select four courses. (12) FREN 4000 Text Analysis (3) FREN 4019 French Literature and Culture of the Nineteenth Century (3) FREN 4020 French Literature and Culture of the Twentieth Century (3) FREN 4414 Topics in French and Francophone Culture and Society (3) FREN 4632 Francophone Cinema (3) FREN 4633 Francophone Literature (3) FREN 4634 Francophone Perspectives on the Media, the Arts and Popular Culture (3) FREN 4635 Francophone Perspectives on Power, Human Rights, and Resistance (3) FREN 4636 Francophone Perspectives on Gender, Sexuality, Race, and Class (3) FREN 4639 Francophone Immersion through Workshops (3) Select three additional courses in French at the 3000/4000 level (9) Language and International Business Concentration FREN 3033 Introduction to the Analysis of Literary Texts-CTW (3) Concentration Requirements (9) FREN 4033 French for International Business I (3) FREN 4043 French for International Business II (3) FREN 4123 Contemporary France-CTW (3) Select two courses. (6) FREN 4635 Francophone Perspectives on Power, Human Rights and Resistance (3) FREN 4636 Francophone Perspectives on Gender, Sexuality, Race and Class (3) Select two additional courses in French at the 3000/4000 level (6) Students interested in FREN 4063 Practicum in French must consult with the section coordinator early in the semester prior to taking the course. Foreign Language Education Concentration Concentration Requirement (3) Select four additional courses in French at the 3000/4000 level (12) Requirements for Teacher Certification Students who wish to be certified to teach French in the public schools of Georgia should choose the courses listed under the “Foreign Language Education Concentration” above and the following methodology courses offered by the Foreign Language Education faculty in the Department of Middle and Secondary Education in the College of Education and Human Development: FORL 3022, FORL 4025, FORL 4026, and FORL 4030. All students will register for Opening School Experience (FORL 4650) and Student Teaching (FORL 4061, FORL 4062, FORL 4063). All students seeking certification in French must pass EXC 4020 in the College of Education and Human Development with a grade of B or higher. Students must apply formally and be admitted to the Teacher Education program in world languages. For the application, please go to the admissions page on the College of Education and Human Development web site, To qualify for the Student Teaching experience, students must receive a grade of B or higher on a departmental test of oral and written proficiency in their target languages. Specific information about date and place of these exams is available in the department office. To apply, students must have: Earned a 2.5 overall cumulative GPA, Passed [Combined Test I, II, and III (700)] or been exempted from the GACE Program Admission Assessment. When registering for the assessment, program entry candidates must add your program provider (Georgia State University – school code 5090) as a score recipient when you register or we will not receive notification that you have completed the assessment.; and Completed the Georgia Educator Ethics – Program Entry (350) Assessment; though there is no “Pass/Fail” grade assigned. Program entry candidates must add your program provider (Georgia State University) as a score recipient when you register or we will not receive notification that you have completed the assessment. In order to be recommended for K-12 certification in French, students must complete all major courses taken in the Department of World Languages and Cultures and the methodology courses taken in the Department of Middle and Secondary Education (FORL courses) with a grade of B or higher. Pre-Service Certificate Upon admission to a teacher education program, students will be contacted by the college advisement/admissions office and provided with instructions to claim enrollment in their program and submit a GaPSC Pre-Service Certificate Application. The pre-service certificate is required for placement in required field experiences or clinical practice. Georgia Assessments for the Certification of Educators (GACE) The state of Georgia requires such candidates to take various GACE and Educator Ethics assessments as part of the educator certification process. These computer-delivered assessments have been developed by the Georgia Professional Standards Commission (GaPSC) and are delivered by the Education Testing Service (ETS). You will take these tests at different times. Program Admission and Content Assessments: Program Admission Assessment [Combined Test I, II, and III (700)] is an admission requirement (unless candidate meets qualifications for exemption – scroll down to “Options to Satisfy the Program Admission Assessment Requirement”). When registering for the assessment, program entry candidates must add your program provider (Georgia State University – school code 5090) as a score recipient when you register or we will not receive notification that you have completed the assessment. Content Assessment (different content assessments for each program) tests your content knowledge and is taken after enrollment and prior to program completion. You will receive specific information regarding this test as you near completion of your program (required for certification). Georgia Educator Ethics Assessment: Georgia Educator Ethics – Program Entry (350) Assessment is an admission requirement. Completion of this assessment is required for admission, though there is no “Pass/Fail” grade assigned. Program entry candidates must add your program provider (Georgia State University) as a score recipient when you register or we will not receive notification that you have completed the assessment. edTPA edTPA is a preservice assessment process designed by educators to answer the essential question: “Is a new teacher ready for the job?” edTPA includes a review of a teacher candidate’s authentic teaching materials as the culmination of a teaching and learning process that documents and demonstrates each candidate’s ability to effectively teach his/her subject matter to all students. edTPA is a program completion and teacher certification requirement. Students may graduate from the program while continuing to complete teacher certification requirements for edTPA. French majors are not required to take a minor. French majors who choose a minor in other departments/schools/institutes are encouraged to select courses that are appropriate to their area of concentration. Students are also urged to consider combining their major with a second major in another language or another discipline under the Double Major option. Up to six additional hours may be taken in the major. Critical Thinking Through Writing Requirement As of summer 2015, all students are required to complete one Critical Thinking Through Writing (CTW) course as part of the major. The university formerly required two CTW courses. Students following previous catalog requirements who have passed one CTW course in the major should consult with their senior academic advisor to determine which courses may be used as a substitution for the other formerly required CTW course. Information on senior advisement in the Office of Academic Assistance is available at cas.gsu.edu/undergraduate/senior-advisement-90-credit-hours/. Students majoring in the International Economics and Modern Languages (IEML) program with a French concentration should contact the Andrew Young School of Policy Studies for advisement. Information for this program is available at aysps.gsu.edu/oaa. There are no admission requirements above the requirements for admission to the university for enrollment in the IEML. FREN 2001 Intermediate French I (3) FREN 2002 Intermediate French II (3) Select additional 1000/2000-level elective courses from Areas A-E to complete 18 hours in Area F. Students who have not already attained elementary-level proficiency in their chosen language will be required to take prerequisite courses (FREN 1001 and/or FREN 1002). In that case, the 1002 language course may be used to satisfy 3 credit hours of core requirements in Area C. Students who have already attained intermediate-level competency in French may substitute 1000/2000-level courses in another language for FREN 2001/FREN 2002 upon approval of the Department of World Languages and Cultures advisor. Choose 3 elective 4000-level Econ courses (9) Area H: Modern Languages Common Core (24) A minimum grade of C is required for all courses in this area. Choose three additional 3000- or 4000-level French courses (3) Area I: Electives (12) Choose any four 4000-level courses, in consultation with the faculty advisor. Students who wish to minor in French must take 15-18 hours in courses in French, including at least nine semester hours at the 3000 level or above. Students taking more than 15 hours of courses in the language may count the additional hours toward their electives or may consider completing a double major. A grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. The certificate consists of 12 credit hours at the 2000- and 3000-level (minimum of 6 must be at the 3000-level), with a B or higher in the first attempt at each course. Courses retaken using the university Repeat to Replace policy are not counted as first attempts. At the 2000-level, students may enroll in FREN 2001 and FREN 2002. At the 3000-level, students may choose from FREN 3010, FREN 3013, or FREN 3023. The department offers a dual Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts in French. The dual degree opportunity enables qualified students to enroll in graduate courses late in their undergraduate program and count the coursework toward both the bachelor’s and master’s programs. More specifically: BA students can take 4 (four) graduate courses during their 3rd or 4th year (these courses count toward their BA and MA); they then complete their MA degree in 1 year after receiving their BA. Contact Rene Mondy (Email: reneprestimondy@gsu.edu; Phone: 404.413.5000; Location: 25 Park Place 3rd Floor) for more information about the BA/MA dual degree program and your eligibility. Contact the Director of Graduate Studies, Dr. Gladys M. Francis, to discuss course options once admitted into the BA/MA dual degree. 3285 Game Design and Development Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies Concentration in Game Design and Development Interdisciplinary Minor in Game Design and Development David Cheshier, faculty coordinator, dcheshier@gsu.edu The interdisciplinary Game Design and Development major concentration and the minor explore the interactive entertainment landscape, along with other related areas of software development and interactive storytelling. The program has its technical roots in computer and information science, while simultaneously covering the breadth of courses in many academic disciplines, including writing, film, graphic design, music, and psychology. The programs are for students who aspire to gain the background and technical skill necessary for a career in gaming or related areas in interactive media, and are closely connected to the region’s game design companies. Two tracks are offered to students in the major concentration. The Game Development track trains students to code and program in game-relevant software platforms (such as C#); the Game Design track is more conceptual, and introduces students to the broader logic of game conceptualization, rendering, story boarding, leveling, and more. Recommended Courses for Area F: Students should enter the Game Design and Development major having taken course prerequisites needed for entrance into their planned program of study. Below is a list of courses that are prerequisites for courses included as options in Game Design and Development. Students should plan their desired program of study and identify which prerequisites they need to fulfill. World language at 1002 level or above (3) ART 1010 Drawing I (3) CMIS 1301 Programming for Games I (3) CMIS 1302 Programming for Games II (3) CSC 1301 Principles of Computer Science I (4)* CSC 1302 Principles of Computer Science II (4)* CSC 2301 Introduction to Python Programming (3)* CSC 2302 Python Programming II for Data Science (3)* CSC 2510 Theoretical Foundations of Computer Science ENGL 2160 Studies in Popular Culture (3) Many of the courses listed above are required prerequisites for Game Design and Development BIS courses in Area G and H. Students should select Area F courses in consultation with a BIS advisor. Additionally, any student planning to take 3000- or 4000-level courses in CSC in Area G or Area H should determine which programming sequence (indicated with * above) best meets their academic needs, as many CSC classes require CSC and/or Math prerequisites. Area G: Area of Concentration (27-33 hours) Students must complete coursework in at least three disciplines (defined by course prefixes) in Area G. Some film and sound production courses require departmental authorization. CTW requirement. Choose one course from the following (3): CMIS 4910 Special Topics in Creative Media (3) CSC 4995 Directed Readings BIS – CTW (3-4) FLME 4995 Directed Readings BIS – CTW (3-4) GRD 4995 Directed Readings BIS – CTW (3-4) Required courses (9-12 hours) Choose three of the following: CMIS 3150 Game Programming and Development I (4) CMIS 4120 Game Programming and Development II (4) CSC 4820 Interactive Computer Graphics (4) CSC 4821 Fundamentals of Game Design (4) CSC 4840/GRD 4840/FLME 4840 Computer Graphics Imaging (3) DPP 3000 Life Drawing (3) ENGL 3150B Introduction to Creative Writing-Fiction (3) ENGL 4204/FLME 4780 Special Topics (topic: Game Studies or Introduction to Writing Interactive Fiction) (3) FLME 3155 Digital Cinematography (4) FLME 4361 Sound Design (4) GRD 4310 Multimedia Design (3) Program focus area (15-18) Select courses as directed from either the Game Development or the Game Design areas below: Game Development (12-15 hours) Choose 3-5 courses from the following: CMIS 3150 Game Programming and Development 1 (4) CMIS 4070 Media Analytics (3) CMIS 4080 Cross Media Design (3) CMIS 4100/CSC 4821 Fundamentals of Game Design (3) CMIS 4140/CSC 4840/GRD 4840/FLME 4840 Computer Graphics Imaging (3) CMIS 4160/CSC 4841/GRD 4841 Computer Animation (4) CMIS 4180 Visual Effects for Games (4) CMIS 4200 Data Visualization (3) CSC 4370 Web Programming (4) CSC 4720 Human-Computer Interaction (4) CSC 4810 Artificial Intelligence (4) ENGL 3150B Introduction to Creative Writing- Fiction (3) Game Design (12-15 hours) Choose 3-5 courses from the following: CMIS 4100 /CSC 4821 Fundamentals of Game Design (3) CMIS 4160/CSC 4841/GRD 4841/FLME 4841 Computer Animation (4) CMIS 4680 Social Media and Digital Promotion (3) ENGL 4204/FLME 4780 Special Topics (topic: Game Studies) (3) FLME 3115 Screenwriting and Visualization for the Short Film/Video (4) FLME 3300 Dramatic Writing for the Stage and Screen (3) FLME 4000 Acting and Directing (4) GRD 3150 Introduction to Typography (3) GRD 3200 Intermediate Graphic Design (3) GRD 3300 Illustration: Concepts through Images (3) ID 3000 Drafting (3) ID 3300 Interior Design: Theory (3) MUS 4982 Advanced Topics in Computer Music (3) PHOT 3000 Photography I (3) PHOT 3130 Digital Video for Artists (4) THEA 3300 Dramatic Writing for the Stage and Screen (3) Area H: Allied Field (15 – 21 hours) Students must complete coursework in at least two disciplines (defined by course prefixes) in Area H. Students who chose to focus on Game Development in Area G should choose their minor area from courses listed in the Game Design list from Area G. Students who chose to focus on Game Design in Area G should choose their minor area from courses listed in the Game Development list in Area G. BIS students without backgrounds in statistics should consider taking MATH 1070; while students without backgrounds in writing take ENGL 3150B, FLME 3115, or ENGL 4204 and students without backgrounds in programming should take CSC 2301. Students should enter the Game Design and Development minor having taken course prerequisites needed for entrance into their planned program of study. Below is a list of courses that are prerequisites for courses included as options in Game Design and Development minor. Students should plan their desired program of study and identify which prerequisites they need to fulfill. CMIS 1301 Programming for Games 1 (3) CSC 2310 Principles of Computer Programming (3) ART 1020 Two Dimensional Design (3) ART 1030 Three Dimensional Design (3) ART 1050 Introductory Studio (3) Students pursuing the interdisciplinary minor in Game Design and Development must take five courses. No more than two of the courses counting towards the minor can have the same course prefix. Additionally, no more than two of the five courses counting toward the minor may also count toward the major. GRD 3400 Graphic Design Survey (3) FLME 4780 Introduction to Writing Interactive Fiction (3-4) CMIS 4040 Innovations in Media Technology (3) CMIS 4140/CSC 4840/GRD 4840/FLME 4840 Computer Graphics Imaging (3-4) CMIS 4160 Computer Animation (4) ENGL 4204/FLME 4800 Game Studies (3) ENGL 4204/FLME 4780 Special Topics: Introduction to Writing Interactive Fiction (3) FLME 3115 Screenwriting & Visualization for the Short Film/Video (4) FLME 4000 Acting for the Camera and Directing (4) ID 4100 Lighting Design (2) ID 3250 Computer Aided Drafting and Design I (2) Bachelor of Arts in Geosciences (3290.1) Concentration in Geography Concentration in Urban Studies Bachelor of Science in Geosciences (3290.2) Concentration in Geology Concentration in Environmental Geosciences Minor in Geosciences (3290.3) Dual B.A. or B.S. / M.S. in Geosciences (3290.4) Certificate in Geographic Information Science (3290.5) Certificate in Sustainability (3290.6) Certificate in Water Science (3290.7) Department of Geosciences geosciences.gsu.edu Katherine Hankins, Chair Christy Visaggi, Undergraduate Director Geosciences involves the study of the social and physical dimensions of the earth, including its interior, surface, atmosphere, and people. The Department of Geosciences makes available to students instruction, training, and experiences in the fields of Geology and Geography. These two disciplines provide complementary perspectives on a broad range of issues dealing with natural landscapes at all spatial and temporal scales, human-environment interactions, geospatial analysis, including Geographic Information Systems, and the social and physical dynamics of urban life. The Department of Geosciences offers the B.A. degree in Geosciences with a concentration in either Geography or Urban Studies; and the B.S. degree in Geosciences with a concentration in Geology, Geography, Environmental Geosciences, or Urban Studies. In addition, the department offers undergraduate certificates in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), water science, and sustainability. These certificates complement the expertise students develop in the B.A./B.S. degrees in Geosciences and in other departments. 3290.10 Bachelor of Arts in Geosciences Students earning the B.A. degree in Geosciences must choose one of two concentrations: either Geography or Urban Studies. The Geography concentration develops a broad understanding of social and environmental issues, attains depth in a specialized area within Geography, and provides students with skills needed to gain employment and engage in lifelong learning. An undergraduate degree in Geosciences with a Geography concentration affords many opportunities for employment in both the public and private sectors. Geographers generally find employment as cartographers, city/regional planners, conservationists, environmental managers, environmental regulators, Geographic Information System (GIS) specialists, historic preservationists, location analysts, and as physical scientists working for the government. In addition, with their broad liberal arts training, geographers also qualify for professional management positions as well as teachers. The Geography concentration also provides a solid intellectual foundation for students getting advanced degrees in either the social or natural sciences. In addition to having substantial flexibility of course selections, students in the Geography concentration are required to take multiple upper-division courses in human geography, physical geography, and geospatial techniques. Finally, the Geography concentration enables majors interested in geography to find their intellectual niche within geography. Pursuing a certificate in GIS, water science, or sustainability provides a complementary suite of courses for students to further specialize in their areas of interest. The Urban Studies concentration enables students to focus on the study of cities including urban development and economics, urban politics and institutions, the urban built environment, social and environmental disparities in cities, and the changing physical and social dynamics of urbanization processes. This interdisciplinary approach allows students to draw from a variety of courses to solve some of the most pressing challenges of the twenty-first century city. The Urban Studies concentration draws from classes in other complementary departments, enabling the student to develop specific interests within the concentration. In addition to course content focused on different aspects of urban problems and solutions, students will gain a skill set to address such issues, including a holistic approach to understanding urban dynamics, critical thinking and writing skills to express the complexity of urban issues, and a tool kit of data collection and analysis skills, which may include Geographic Information Systems (GIS), quantitative spatial analysis, and/or qualitative analysis. Students graduating with this concentration will be well poised to enter jobs and graduate study in urban planning, urban policy work, non-governmental organization administration, community-based work, and in urban public health, among many others. Pursuing a certificate in GIS, water science, or sustainability provides a complementary suite of courses for students to further specialize in their areas of interest. Students interested in any geography or urban studies course, or in enrolling in these concentrations within the B.A. degree in Geosciences or pursuing a minor in Geosciences, are invited to contact the Geosciences Undergraduate Director to discuss how this degree program may best help make their college experience positive and productive. Note that additional course options may be available by working directly with a faculty member such as through offerings of Topics (GEOG 4097) or Independent Research (GEOG 4098). The department encourages our students and prospective majors to attend the weekly seminar series (and/or enroll in the affiliated one credit hour course GEOL 4095/GEOG 4095) to learn more about the range of opportunities in the discipline both at the university and after graduation. All students are required to complete an entry level class early on in the major GEOL 3000/GEOG 3000, an internship or other course that includes experiential learning (field-, lab-, or research-based work), and a senior capstone GEOL 4830/GEOG 4830 to help prepare them for their career goals in geosciences after graduation. Lab fees will be assessed automatically for students who register for certain courses. For more information, please feel free to contact the department or review the GoSolar or catalog course listings to determine if a course includes a lab fee. B.A. in Geosciences Recommended courses: GEOG 1112 Weather and Climate (4) GEOG 1113 Introduction to Landforms (4) Recommended course: GEOG 1101 Introduction to Human Geography (3) Area F: Courses Appropriate to the Major Required courses (if not taken in Areas C-E) (17): GEOG 1101 Introduction to Human Geography (3) or GEOG 1125 Resources, Society, and the Environment (3) Any HIST course not taken in Area E SOCI 1160 Introduction to Social Problems (3) WGSS 2010 Introduction to Women’s, Gender and Sexuality Studies (3) World language at the 1001 level (3) (if student has no previous experience with language) World language at the 2001 or higher level (3) Students should select Area F elective courses in consultation with their advisor, as some upper level geosciences courses have prerequisites. Area G: Major Courses, B.A. in Geosciences Geography Concentration Courses (39) GEOG 4830 Senior Seminar (3) GEOG 3000 Foundations in Geosciences: Skills, Careers, and Navigating the Major (1) GEOG 4515 Qualitative Methods (3) Required selection of courses (14-18): Group I: Select one field experience or internship course from the following (3-4): GEOG 4050 Natural Environments of Georgia (4) GEOG 4550 Field School in Geosciences (3-4) GEOG 4832 Geosciences Internship (2-3) or another approved course focused on field, lab, or research experience as available including study abroad Group II: Select one course from the following (3): GEOG 4764 Urban Geography (3) GEOG 4768 Metropolitan Atlanta (3) Group III: Select one course from the following (3): GEOG 4051 Environmental History of Georgia (3) GEOG 4402 Geography of Africa (3) Group IV: Select one course from the following (3-4): GEOG 4050 Natural Environments of Georgia (4) (if not taken in Group I) GEOG 4650 Surface Water Hydrology (3) Group V: Select one course from the following (3-4): GEOG 4532 Introduction to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) (4) GEOG 4534 Advanced GIS (4) GEOG 4536 GIS Programming (4) GEOG 4538 Urban GIS (4) GEOL 4123 Geoinformatics (3) Remaining Geography or Geology courses selected in consultation with advisor. Students are encouraged to choose courses from Groups I–V that exceed the required number of courses. Urban Studies Concentration Courses (39) At least half of the required 39 hours be GEOG courses as specified in the options below. Group I. Select a field or internship experience from the following (3): Group II. Select at least three courses from the following (9): Group III. Select one course from the following (3): Group IV. Select one or more courses from the following (3-4): PMAP 3421 Urban Transportation Planning (3) HIST 4220 The American City (4) HIST 4325 Public History and Historic Preservation (3 or 4) HIST 4840 Global Urbanization (4) SOCI 4803 CTW in Race and Urban Studies (3) POLS 4115 Urban Politics (3) Remaining Geography or Geology courses selected in consultation with advisor. These may include courses from Groups I–IV that exceed the required number of courses. Students earning a B.A. in Geosciences are not required to have a minor. 3290.20 Bachelor of Science in Geosciences Students earning the B.S. degree in Geosciences must choose one of four concentrations: Geology, Environmental Geosciences, Geography, or Urban Studies. Many career opportunities allow for practical application of geosciences in industry, consulting firms, non-governmental organizations, and governmental agencies at all levels. Practical and essential applications of geology and geography include development and stewardship of water resources, both surface and subsurface; land-use planning for urban, suburban, and rural development; exploration for and development of mineral and energy resources including petroleum and other fossil fuels; and development of environmentally sound strategies for hazardous waste disposal and treatment. The curriculum leading to the B.S. degree in geosciences is excellent preparation for graduate work in geology and environmental science, geography, and urban studies. For students who are interested in geoscience and environmental science but who intend to pursue graduate or advanced study in other fields, for example environmental law or business, the B.S. degree may still be an appropriate choice. The B.S. degree meets certain federal criteria required for science-track career pathways in federal agencies such as the EPA, USGS, and others. The concentrations in Geography and Geology are the most traditional of the programs, and they are designed to prepare the student for graduate studies or employment in a wide variety of geoscience areas. Students considering employment and state licensure as a Professional Geologist (required for supervisory environmental consultants) and other careers founded in geology should select the traditional Geology concentration. The Environmental Geosciences concentration offers a more interdisciplinary set of courses that emphasize the study of the delicate environmental balances of the natural world. The Geography concentration allows for a suite of skills to be gained in studying the world around us from both physical and human perspectives. The Urban Studies Concentration is focused on geoscience topics applicable to the study of urban settings. Specific requirements for the concentrations are shown below. For all of the concentrations, students may find tremendous benefit in pursuing undergraduate certificates in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), water science, and/or sustainability. These certificates, described in more detail below, complement the different concentrations and provide students with an opportunity to explore in more depth the skills and knowledge needed to obtain employment and/or further their academic studies. Majors should be aware that there are prerequisites for several courses in our department (especially in the Geology concentration). In addition, most of our courses are offered only once a year (and several specialty courses only every other year). Note that classes in the Department of Geosciences are listed under either Geology or Geography in the course catalog. Additional course options may be available by working directly with a faculty member such as through offerings of Topics (GEOG 4097/GEOL 4097) or Independent Research (GEOG 4098/GEOL 4098). To prepare for the most appropriate path leading up to graduation, it is important to choose a concentration upon declaring the major based on career aspirations (e.g., a geology concentration may still be recommended for certain environmental work). Students are encouraged to seek advisement early on to ensure that programs of study accord with their specific career goals and needs and that they plan ahead by reviewing the schedule of projected courses on the department website. The department encourages our students and prospective majors to attend the weekly seminar series (and/or enroll in the affiliated one credit hour course GEOL 4095/GEOG 4095) to learn more about the range of opportunities in the discipline both at the university and after graduation. All students are required to complete an entry level class early on in the major GEOL 3000/GEOG 3000, an internship or other course that includes experiential learning (field-, lab-, or research-based work), and a senior capstone GEOL 4830/GEOG 4830 to help prepare them for their career goals in geosciences after graduation. Lab fees will be assessed automatically for students who register for certain courses. For more information, please feel free to contact the department. In addition to the Program Degree Requirements outlined below, students must fulfill the College of Arts and Sciences Degree Requirements (see section 3030) and the University Degree Requirements (see section 1400). B.S. in Geosciences Required course: MATH 1113 Precalculus (3) or higher level MATH course. Recommended: Section of MATH 1113 specifically for Geosciences majors. Required course: MATH 2201 Calculus for Life Sciences I (4) or MATH 2211 Calculus of One Variable I (4) or a higher-level mathematics course. GEOL 1121K Introductory Geology I (4) and GEOL 1121K Introductory Geology I (4) Complete one of the following science sequences. Students in the Geology concentration are strongly advised to complete the chemistry sequence. Students in the Environmental Geosciences concentration are strongly advised to complete either the geography, biology, or chemistry sequence depending on their interests. Students in the Geography or Urban Studies concentrations are strongly advised to complete the geography sequence. (8) GEOG 1112K Weather and Climate (4) and GEOG 1113K Introduction to Landforms (4) Select additional elective courses from the following to complete 18 hours in Area F. Students in the Geology concentration are recommended to take a physics sequence and an additional calculus course if possible. Students in the Environmental Geosciences, Geography, or Urban Studies concentrations are recommended to take either the biology, chemistry, or computer science sequence depending on their interests. CHEM 2400L and CHEM 2410L or CHEM 2100 Organic Chemistry Lab I and II (2)* GEOG 1112K Weather and Climate (4) PHYS 1111K Introductory Physics I (4) PHYS 1112K Introductory Physics II (4) PHYS 2211K Principles of Physics I (4) BIOL 1104K Introductory Biology II (4) MATH 2202 Calculus for the Life Sciences II (4) or MATH 2212 Calculus of One Variable II (4) All courses above ending in K are commonly offered as separate lecture and lab (L) courses by GSU’s Perimeter College. The combined (K) courses and separate lecture and lab (L) courses cover the same subject matter and are considered equivalent courses (but both lecture and lab sections must be completed with a passing grade). Beginning Fall 2019, the downtown Biology department will also offer BIOL 2107/BIOL 2107L and BIOL 2108/BIOL 2108L as separate courses. Area G: Major Courses, B.S. in Geosciences. Geology Concentration Courses (39) GEOL 4830 Senior Seminar (3) GEOL 3000 Foundations in Geosciences: Skills, Careers, and Navigating the Major (1) GEOL 4006 Sedimentary Environments and Stratigraphy (4) GEOL 4013 Structural Geology (4) GEOL 4015 Crystallography and Optical Mineralogy (4) GEOL 4016 Petrology of Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks (4) GEOL 4120 Basic Field Geology (4) GEOL 4121 Advanced Field Geology (4) Remaining Geology or Geography courses selected in consultation with advisor, such as: GEOG 4550/GEOL 4550 Field School in Geosciences (3-4) GEOL 4530 Introduction to Remote Sensing (4) GEOL 4023 Terrestrial Sediments (3) GEOL 4030 X-ray Methods (3) GEOL 4042 Environmental Instrumentations (4) Environmental Geosciences Concentration Courses (39) CTW requirement. Select one of the following (3): GEOL 3000 or GEOG 3000 Foundations in Geosciences: Skills, Careers, and Navigator the Major (1) Group I. Select one field course or internship from the following (2-4): GEOG 4832/GEOL 4832 Geosciences Internship (2-3) or another approved course focused on field, lab, or research experience as available including study abroad. Group II. Select one course from the following (3): Group III. Select one course from the following (3-4): Group IV. Select one course from the following (3): GEOG 4644 Environmental Conservation (3) (If not taken in Group II) Group V. Select one course from the following (3-4): GEOL 4017 Environmental Geology (3) (if not taken in Group II) Remaining courses from Geography or Geology selected in consultation with advisor. These may include any from Groups I–V that exceed the minimum requirements in addition to other courses, such as: Group I. Select one field experience or internship course from the following (2-4): At least half of the required 39 hours be Geography courses as specified in the below options. Group IV. Select one course from the following (3-4): Students earning a B.S. in Geosciences are not required to have a minor. 3290.30 Minor in Geosciences Students who wish to minor in Geosciences must take 15-18 hours in courses in Geosciences, including at least nine hours at the 3000-level or above. Students taking more than 15 hours in courses in Geosciences may count the additional hours toward their electives or may consider completing a double major. A grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. Courses that are being applied to the core may not also be applied to the minor. 3290.4 Dual B.A./M.S. and Dual B.S./M.S. Programs in Geosciences The department offers a Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Sciences and Master of Science dual degree in Geosciences. The dual degree opportunity enables qualified students to enroll in graduate courses late in their undergraduate program and count the coursework toward both the bachelor’s and master’s programs. Students must be formally accepted into the dual degree program by the department and College of Arts and Sciences to be able to take graduate courses in their final semester. Additionally, acceptance into the dual degree program does not constitute admission to the master’s program. Students must complete their undergraduate degree, fulfill regular graduate admissions requirements, and apply for the master’s program following college processes. Information about the dual degree program, including application instructions and program requirements, can be found at cas.gsu.edu/dual-degrees/. 3290.5 Certificate in Geographic Information Science Geographic Information Science (GIS) is a rapidly growing discipline, with applications in many fields. A strong demand exists for proficient users of geospatial technology. The undergraduate-level certificate program in GIS is designed to facilitate the learning of GIS by students working toward undergraduate degrees in Geosciences and in many other disciplines. The certificate program consists of five courses with a total of 17-19 credit hours. GIS Certificate Requirements (17-19 hours) Group I. Required courses (11): Group II. Select two courses from the following, at least one of which must be completed in the Department of Geosciences (6-8): CSC 2301 Introduction to Python Programming (3) Students interested in this certificate should contact the Undergraduate Director in Geosciences to enroll in the program. Courses that apply to a degree program in Geosciences also may be used in support of the certificate; however, only one course can be applied to two different certificates. Other electives for this certificate pending approval from the Undergraduate Director in Geosciences may include GEOG 4834 Applied Research in GIS, or options available through the Department of Computer Science for students interested in programming. 3290.6 Certificate in Sustainability (14-17) The certificate in sustainability offers an interdisciplinary approach to sustainability as a concept, area of study, social practice, organizational goal, and policy objective that concerns the effects and durability of relationships and interactions between social and biophysical systems. The certificate entails five courses, including at least two credit hours of internship experience. All internships must be approved through the Undergraduate Director before they can be applied to this certificate. Group I. Required courses (8-9): Internship. Select one from the following (2-3): GEOG 4832/GEOL 4832 Geosciences Internship (2-3) (if related to sustainability) BIOL 4915 Collaborative Internships in Biology (2) (if related to sustainability) BIOL 4916 Internships in Biology (2) (if related to sustainability) Group II. Select two courses from the following (6-8): ANTH 4550 Field School in Anthropology (3) (if related to sustainability) BIOL 4045K Ecology (4) BIOL 4930 Study Abroad: Tropical Island Ecology (3) BIOL 4930 Experimental Methods in Environmental Science (3) GEOG 4550/GEOL 4550 Field School in Geosciences (3-4) (if related to sustainability) JOUR 3040 Communicating Environmental Issues (3) Students interested in this certificate should contact the Undergraduate Director in Geosciences to enroll in the program. Courses that apply to a degree program in Geosciences also may be used in support of the certificate; however, only one course can be applied to two different certificates. 3290.7 Certificate in Water Sciences (15-18) A strong demand exists in the public sector and private industry for understanding of aquatic systems. The undergraduate certificate in water sciences is designed to provide students with a working knowledge of both the quality and quantity of water in the environment, and modern techniques to assess, model, and remediate aquatic environmental problems, and understand the social context and implications of water resources. The certificate program consists of five courses with a total of 15-18 credit hours, and is an excellent complement to undergraduates pursuing careers in natural resources or environmental fields. GEOG 4650 Surface Water Hydrology (3) or GEOL 4007 Hydrogeology (4) Group II. Select two courses from the following options (6-8): GEOG 4650 Surface Water Hydrology (3) (if not taken in Group I) GEOL 4007 Hydrogeology (4) (if not taken in Group I) Group III. Select one course below or an additional course from Group I or Group II (3-4) The Department of Geosciences encourages qualified students to participate in the Georgia State Honors College. Please contact the Undergraduate Director for more details on the Honors College experience in our department including course offerings, research opportunities, and theses. Bachelor of Arts in German Minor in German Certificate of Language Ability in German Shaui Li, Undergraduate Director Robin Huff, German program coordinator The department recognizes that an active command of a world languages and a thorough exploration of related cultures form an essential basis for further study in the various areas of its curriculum. For students who hope to teach at the K-12 levels, the department offers a concentration that leads to certification in German. For students who view language study as a preparation for a career in the business world, the department has two special programs: a concentration in the business language of German, and a practicum in an internationally oriented business or service organization in the metro area for qualified and interested students in their senior year. The department also offers the Bachelor of Arts Major in International Economics and Modern Languages (IEML), in collaboration with the Andrew Young School of Policy Studies. All German majors are encouraged to consult regularly with their academic advisor in designing and following a program of study that fits their own career objective and the requirements of their particular concentration. In addition to courses in the language major, students are advised to choose courses in other areas that complement their language study. Such courses include other languages, history, philosophy, art and music, business, and education. Faculty in the department are eager to discuss students’ academic plans as they design their course of study. B.A. in German GRMN through the 2002 level (0-9) AL 2101, AL 2102, ANTH 1002, ANTH 2020, AH 1700, AH 1750, ART 1301, ECON 2105, ECON 2106, ENGL 2110, ENGL 2120, ENGL 2130, EDUC 2110, EDUC 2120, EDUC 2130, GEOG 1101, HIST 1111, HIST 1112, FLME 1010, JOUR 1010, PHIL 2010, POLS 2401, THEA 1301, WGSS 2010 The major in German consists of 30 hours (10 courses) on the 3000/4000 level. Prerequisite for all courses on the 3000 level is Grmn 2002. Prerequisite for all courses at the 4000 level is the completion of at least 3 of the 4 courses at the 3000 level. GRMN 3301 Advanced German I-CTW (3) GRMN 4402 German Communication and Perspective-CTW (3) GRMN 3302 Advanced German II: Practical Conversation (3) GRMN 3311 Stories and Histories (3) GRMN 3313 Introduction to German Cultural Studies (3) GRMN 4411 Crossing Borders: German and Culture (3) GRMN 4413 Screen Cultures: German Film and Media Studies (3) GRMN 4421 Introduction to German Civilization (3) Select two additional courses in German at the 4000 level (6) Language and International Business Concentration (15) GRMN 4422 Contemporary Germany (3) GRMN 4431 German for International Business I (3) GRMN 4432 German for International Business II (3) Foreign Language Education Concentration (15) GRMN 4401 History of the German Language (3) Students who wish to be certified to teach German in the public schools of Georgia should choose the courses listed under the “Foreign Language Education Concentration” above and the following methodology courses offered by the Foreign Language Education faculty in the Department of Middle and Secondary Education in the College of Education and Human Development: FORL 3022, FORL 4025, FORL 4026, and FORL 4030. All students will register for Opening School Experience (FORL 4650) and Student Teaching (FORL 4061, FORL 4062, FORL 4063). In order to be recommended for K-12 certification in German, students must complete all major courses taken in the Department of World Languages and Cultures and the methodology courses taken in the Department of Middle and Secondary Education (FORL courses) with a grade of B or higher. World language majors are not required to take a minor. World language majors who choose a minor in other departments/schools/institutes are encouraged to select courses that are appropriate to their area of concentration. Students are also urged to consider combining their major with a second major in another language or another discipline under the Double Major option. Students majoring in the International Economics and Modern Languages (IEML) program with a German concentration should contact the Andrew Young School of Policy Studies for advisement. Information for this program is available at aysps.gsu.edu/oaa. There are no admission requirements above the requirements for admission to the University for enrollment in the B. A. program with a major in international economics and modern languages. GRMN 2001 Intermediate German I (3) GRMN 2002 Intermediate German II (3) Students who have not already attained elementary-level proficiency in German will be required to take prerequisite courses (GRMN 1001 and/or [GRMN 1002]). In that case, the 1002 language course may be used to satisfy 3 credit hours of core requirements in Area C. Students who have already attained intermediate-level competency in German may substitute 1000/2000-level courses in another language for GRMN 2001/GRMN 2002 upon approval of the Department of World Languages and Cultures advisor. Area G: Economics Common Core Curriculum (21) GRMN 3302 Advanced German II:Practical Conversation (3) Choose one of the following two courses (3) GRMN 4422 Contemporary German (3) GRMN 4435 Techniques of Translation (3) Area I: Electives (12) Choose any four 3000/4000-level courses, in consultation with the faculty advisor. Students who wish to minor in German must take 15-18 hours in German, including at least nine semester hours at the 3000 level or above. Students taking more than 15 hours of courses in the language may count the additional hours toward their electives or may consider completing a double major. A grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. The certificate consists of 12 credit hours at the 2000 and 3000 level (a minimum of 6 must be at the 3000 level), with a B or higher in the first attempt at each course. Courses retaken using the university Repeat to Replace policy are not counted as first attempts. At the 2000-level, students may enroll in GRMN 2001 and GRMN 2002. Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies with a Concentration in Gerontology Certificate in Gerontology 605 One Park Place gerontology.gsu.edu Elisabeth Burgess, Director Chivon A. Mingo, Director of Undergraduate Studies The Gerontology Institute offers a Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies (BIS) in Gerontology and an Undergraduate Certificate in Gerontology. Gerontology is an Interdisciplinary discipline that encompasses the biological, psychological, and social aspects of aging. The Gerontology program is designed to provide students with an opportunity to gain foundational, contextual, and interactional competencies in Gerontology that will support their future goals of engaging in professional careers in aging that would ultimately enhance an aging society. The BIS in Gerontology will provide undergraduate students an opportunity to gain knowledge of aging across the life course through a diverse perspective. Gerontology-related courses are designed to draw on a variety of disciplines to expose students to the issues, knowledge, and research about aging processes, older people, and the complex needs of our rapidly aging society. The overarching objective is to offer a major that will provide students with a gerontological knowledge base and skills that will prepare them for career opportunities in the field of aging (e.g., entry-level professional jobs in direct services to older persons in nutrition programs, senior centers, volunteer programs, nursing homes, and residential and assisted living facilities) and/or admission to graduate and professional degree programs (e.g., such as gerontology, medicine, nursing, psychology, public administration, sociology, and social work) in which they plan to pursue a specialization in gerontology. Students interested in pursuing the BIS in Gerontology major can select either the Behavioral and Social Sciences or Health and Health Services Allied Field. The Undergraduate Certificate in Gerontology gives students throughout the university the option of combining their existing major of study with an emphasis in gerontology. This certificate is designed to support students who have an interest in adding an aging focus to their declared major. The certificate curriculum provides an overview of biological, psychological, and sociological aspects of aging; health care and social service programs for older persons; and contemporary aging policy issues. Both the BIS in Gerontology and the Undergraduate Certificate in Gerontology include an internship experience that will allow students to gain specialized skills needed to live and work in today’s aging society. For more information visit gerontology.gsu.edu B.I.S. with a Concentration in Gerontology Please refer to the Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies section 3030 of this catalog for academic regulations for this program. In addition, Per Georgia State University’s requirements, all undergraduate students must satisfy a common core curriculum. The requirements can be found in the current university Undergraduate Catalog (see sections 3030 and 1400). Required Courses (3-6) GERO 2000 Introduction to Gerontology (3) PSYC 1101 Introduction to General Psychology (3) (if not taken in Area E) World language 1002 or higher course (3) Select additional courses as necessary from the following to complete 18 hours in Area F: AAS 1141/HIST 1141 Introduction to African and African American History to 1865 (3) AAS 1142/HIST 1142 Introduction to African American History Since 1865 (3) BIOL 2107 Principles of Biology I (3) and BIOL 2107L Principles of Biology I Lab (1) BIOL 2108 Principles of Biology II (3) and BIOL 2108L Principles of Biology II Lab (1) BIOL 2310 Microbiology and Public Health Lab (2) CHEM 1151K Survey of Chemistry I (4) CHEM 1152K Survey of Chemistry II (4) CHEM 2100 Intermediate Organic Chemistry Lab I (2) KH 2130 Introduction to the Allied Fields of Health, Physical Education and Fitness (3) KH 2220 Anatomy in Kinesiology and Health (3) KH 2230 Physiology in Kinesiology and Health (3) MATH 1101 Introduction to Mathematical Modeling (3) MATH 1111 College Algebra (3) MATH 1113 Precalculus (3) MATH 1220 Survey of Calculus (3) MATH 2201 Calculus for the Life Sciences (3) NURS 2010 Health and Human Development Across the Lifespan (3) PH 2000 Introduction to Public Health (3) POLS 2101 Introduction to Political Science (3) PSYC 1100 Introduction to Biological Psychology (3) PSYC 2040 Introduction to Applied Psychology (3) PSYC 2050 Introduction to Drugs and Behavior (3) PSYC 2103 Introduction to Human Development: Individual and Family Issues (3) [PHYS 1112 K] Introductory Physics II (4) [SNHP 2010] Medical Terminology for Healthcare (3) SOCI 1101 Introductory to Sociology (3) SCOM 1500 Public Speaking (3) SW 2000 Introduction to Social Work (3) WGSS 2010 Introduction to Women’s Gender and Sexuality Studies (3) Area G: Area of Concentration – Gerontology (27-29) Interdisciplinary Course Selection Students are strongly encouraged to take the statistics and methods courses in sequence. Specifically, a course in section 1 below should be taken prior to the course selected in section 2 below. Several courses in section 2 have a prerequisite from section 1, and in this case sequencing is not optional. Students may not take courses in section 1 and 2 below during the same term.* Select One Course (3-4) PSYC 3510 Introduction to Research Design and Data Analysis (4) SW 3500 Methods of Social Work Research (3) AAS 3980 Research Methods in African Americans Studies (CTW) (3) PSYC 3530 Advanced Research Design and Analysis (CTW) (4) SOCI 3020 Social Research Methods (CTW) (3) See “Interdisciplinary Course Selection” guidance above. GERO 3124/SOCI 3124 Diversity and Aging (3) GERO 4110/SOCI 4110 Aging Policy and Services (3) GERO 4116/SOCI 4116 Aging and Society (3) GERO 4200/[SNHP 4200] Health and the Older Adult (3) GERO 4910 Gerontology Internship (3) (Research or Applied) GERO 4995 Directed Readings BIS (CTW) – Gerontology Senior Seminar (3) GERO 4850 Senior Seminar in Gerontology (3) Area H: Allied Field – Behavioral and Social Science (15) Students must complete coursework in at least two disciplines (defined by course prefixes) in Area H. Select Five Courses (15) AAS 3000/SOCI 3162 African American Family (3) AAS 3050/PSYC 3520 Introduction to African American Psychology (3) AAS 4000/SOCI 4310 Issue in the African-American Community (3) ANTH 4460 Health and Culture (4) CHEM 3110 Intermediate Organic Chemistry Lab II (2) PMAP 3021 Citizenship, Community, and the Public Sector (3) POLS 3110 State Government (3) POLS 3145 Introduction to American Law (3) POLS 3170 American Legislative Process (3) PSYC 3450 Health Psychology (3) PSYC 4020 Social Psychology (3) PSYC 4030 Cross Cultural Psychology (3) PSYC 4040 Developmental Psych (3) PSYC 4120 Learning Psychology (3) PSYC 4160 Theories of Personality (3) PSYC 4510 Community Psychology (3) RELS 3060 Religion and Science (3) RELS 4240 Death and the Afterlife (3) RELS 4250 African American Religion (3) SCOM 4400 Development of Communication and Language Across the Lifespan (3) SCOM 4560 Health Communication (3) SOCI 3030 Sociological Theory (3) SOCI 3040 Cognition and Society (3) SOCI 3101 Families and Society (3) SOCI 3212 Race an Ethnic Relations (3) SOCI 4230 Sociology of Health and Illness (3) SW 3000 Cultural Diversity (3) SW 4320 Social Work Administration (3) SW 4330 Contemporary Health Challenges (3) SW 4440 Global Social Work Practice, Policy, Research (3) SW 4460 Aging Practice, Policy and Research (3) SW 4480 Disabilities Practice, Policy, and Research (3) Area H: Allied Field – Health and Health Services (15) ECON 4210 Health Economics (3) ECON 4350 Economics of Poverty and Public Policy (3) HA 3950 Health Economics and Financing (3) HA 445 Legal Concepts in Healthcare (3) KH 3360 Disability, Sport, and Physical Activity (3) KH 3600 Biomechanics (3) KH 3650 Physiology of Exercise (3) (CTW) KH 3710 Health Risk Behaviors (3) (CTW) NURS 3200 Introduction to Clinical Nutrition (2) NUTR 3105 Normal Nutrition through the Life Cycle (3) NUTR 4955 Nutrition and Food Policy (3) PH 3001 Introduction to Epidemiology (3) PH 3004 Chronic Disease Epidemiology (3) PH 4300 Introduction to Controversies in Public Health (3) [PT 3660] Complementary and Alternative Therapies (3) RT 3005 Clinical Cardio Physiology (3) RT 3027 Pulmonary Disease (4) (CTW) RT 3040 Respiratory Care Pharmacology (3) RT 4020 Neurobiology of Sleep (3) RT 4096 End of Life Issues (1) CNHP 3000 Communication and Cultural Diversity (3) CNHP 3010 Advanced Medical Terminology (3) CNHP 3100 Electronic Health Records (3) CNHP 4010 Leadership and Ethics in Healthcare (3) CNHP 4110 Future Trends-Telemedicine, Telehealth (3) Courses selected within Area H: Allied Field – Health and Health Services may require authorization from the instructor prior to registration. Students take elective courses beyond those specified in Areas A-H to reach the 120 hours needed to earn a bachelor’s degree (including 39 hours at the 3000-4000 level taken at Georgia State University). The following courses are recommended as elective options for students pursuing the BIS with a concentration in Gerontology if additional hours are needed to reach 120 hours. GERO 4119 Global Aging and Families (3) GERO 4122 Death, Dying and Loss (3) GERO 4130 Family, Intimacy, and Aging (3) GERO 4475 Communication and Aging (3) GERO 4700 Special Topics in Gerontology (3) GERO 4800 Directed Study in Gerontology (3) Any course listed in Area H not taken to meet Area H requirements This program offers undergraduate students with the opportunity to earn the designation of graduation with distinction in the major. Please contact the undergraduate director for the specific criteria for this honor. Undergraduate Certificate in Gerontology To be admitted to the undergraduate Certificate in Gerontology, students must be regularly enrolled in a degree program at Georgia State University. Students are required to submit an application to the certificate program obtained from the Gerontology Institute and have a minimal institutional GPA of 2.0. To receive the undergraduate Certificate in Gerontology, students must complete the following 18-semester-hour curriculum with a grade of C or higher on all course work. Select two of the following required courses (6): GERO 4116 Aging and Society (3) GERO 4200 Health and the Older Adult (3) GERO 4610 Psychology of Aging (3) Select one course (3): GERO 4110 Aging Policy and Services (3) SW 4460 Aging Practice, Policy and Research Issues (3) GERO 3124 Diversity and Aging (3) GERO 4110 Aging Policy and Services (3) (if not taken in section 2 above) GERO 4116 Aging and Society (3) (if not taken in section 1 above) GERO 4119 Global Aging and Services GERO 4122 Death, Dying, and Loss (3) GERO 4200 Health and the Older Adult (3) (if not taken in section 1 above) GERO 4610 Psychology of Aging (3) (if not taken in section 1 above) GERO 4700 Selected Topics in Gerontology (3) SW 4460 Aging Practice, Policy and Research Issues (3) (if not taken in section 2 above) Required course (3): GERO 4910 Gerontology Internship (1-3) (or an approved alternate internship course) 3315 Global Studies Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies with a Concentration in Global Studies 25 Park Place, 18th floor gsi.gsu.edu Anthony Lemieux, Director Jennie Burnet, Associate Director Laura Hastings, Director of Undergraduate Studies The Global Studies Institute brings together different academic disciplines to tackle pressing problems in today’s world. We are a diverse group of researchers, including political scientists, psychologists, anthropologists, geographers, environmental policy experts, sociologists, and social psychologists. We are united by a deep concern to address critical global issues through our research and teaching. The Global Studies Institute offers a Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies (B.I.S.) with a concentration in Global Studies. The degree prepares students to be globally aware in their chosen careers. Students develop a broad set of perspectives and skills. Our aim is to equip students with the knowledge and abilities needed to be successful in today’s fast-moving and inter-connected world. We offer students courses on critical issues like conflict, terrorism, peace building, water access, urbanization, and global cities. In addition to focusing on global issues, students develop deep regional knowledge of the world. Students are encouraged to pursue world language study at an advanced level. Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies students should also consult regularly with the director of undergraduate studies for the specific program regarding course selection, program plans, experiential learning, and other academic and co-curricular opportunities. Students who enroll in a concentration will submit a course plan checklist to demonstrate their understanding of the degree requirements. It is highly recommended that students develop a course of study with their specific faculty coordinator before taking coursework in the degree program to avoid taking courses that will not count towards graduation. We recommend that students decide to become global studies majors early in their sophomore year to maximize the opportunities for experiential learning and study abroad. In selecting courses for this program, students are responsible for completing any required prerequisites. Courses below marked with an asterisk () have prerequisites. Students should ensure that they include prerequisites for selected courses elsewhere in their degree program. Internship experiences may be undertaken only after completing at least 21 hours of credit in the concentration area. B.I.S. with a Concentration in Global Studies Intermediate World Language (3-9): Students must complete a world language 2001 or higher course, or demonstrate intermediate proficiency through a CLEP, SAT, or other exam approved by the Department of World Languages and Cultures. Select additional courses from the following list to complete 18 hours in Area F: Pay close attention to prerequisites for courses planned for Areas G and H. No more than two courses (6-8 credit hours) may be completed from the same department without advisor’s authorization. Any other world language at the 1001 or 1002 level (not the same language to fulfill no. 1 above) AH 1750 History of Western Art II (3) BUSA 2106 The Legal and Ethical Environment of Business (3) ECON 2105 Principles of Macroeconomics (3) ECON 2106 Principles of Microeconomics (3)* ENGL 2110 World Literature (3)* ENGL 2120 British Literature (3)* GEOG 1113K Introduction to Landforms (4)* GLOS 2401/POLS 2401 Global Issues (3) JOUR 2500 Foundations of Media Research (3)* PSYC 2107 Introduction to Social Psychology (3) RELS 2001 Introduction to World Religions (3) SCOM 1000 Human Communication (2) WGSS 2010 Introduction to Women’s, Gender, and Sexuality Studies (3) All Global Studies students must combine courses from the following categories to achieve a minimum of 27 hours. A grade of C or higher is required in all major courses. Courses with an asterisk () have prerequisites. CTW (3 hours). Students must take the following: GLOS 3000 Foundations in Global Research-CTW (3) Regional Understanding (12-18 hours). Select courses from the following to complete 12-18 hours. Advanced world language courses at or beyond the 3001 level. If the language is not offered at Georgia State, speak to your advisor about agreements with other USG institutions. Area Studies Courses: AAS 3120/ANTH 3120 African Diaspora (3) AAS 4776 Africa and Hollywood: Myth, Romance, and Savage Imagery (4) AAS 4890/ENGL 3970 Caribbean Literature (3)* AH 4000 African Art (3) AH 4030 Contemporary African Art (3) AH 4310 Art of Northern Europe in the Renaissance Era (3)* AH 4450 Eighteenth-Century European Art (3)* AH 4500 Nineteenth-Century European Art (3)* AH 4660 Nineteenth and Twentieth-Century Art in Latin America (3)* ANTH 3120/AAS 3120 African Diaspora (3)* ANTH 4210 The Anthropology of Europe (3)* ANTH 4241/WGSS 4240] Sexuality and Gender in Asia (3)* ECON 4610 The Economy of South Africa (3) ECON 4620 Economic Studies Abroad South Africa (3) ENGL 3965 African Literature (3)* GEOG 4402/AAS 4400 Geography of Africa (3) GERO 4119/SOCI 4119 Global Aging and Families (3)* (study abroad course) GLOS 3100/HIST 3100 Introduction to Global History (3) GLOS 3500 Culture and Change in Africa (3) GLOS 3510/HIST 3510/MES 4125 Medieval Mediterranean/Islamic World (4) GLOS 3515/HIST 3515 North Africa and the World to 1800 (4) GLOS 3530/HIST 3530 Europe Since 1789 (4) GLOS 3540/HIST 3540 Film and the Holocaust (4) GLOS 3615/HIST 3615 The Indian Ocean World (4) GLOS 3620/HIST 3620 Atlantic World: Encounters, Empires, Diasporas, Revolutions (4) GLOS 3630/HIST 3630 Empires in the Modern World (3) GLOS 3645/HIST 3645 Contemporary Africa (3) GLOS 3650/HIST 3650 Africa and the World (4) GLOS 3660/HIST 3660 20th Century World History (3) GLOS 3720/HIST 3720Colonial Latin America (4) GLOS 3730/HIST 3730Latin America since 1810 (4) GLOS 3780/HIST 3780/MES 4110 Middle East 600-1800 (4) GLOS 3900/HIST 3900 Human Rights in Historical Perspective (3) GLOS 4225/HIST 4225 Immigrants in America (4) GLOS 4540/HIST 4540 Britain and the World, 1500-1700 (4) GLOS 4551/HIST 4550 Britain and the World since 1700 (3) GLOS 4580/HIST 4580 Germany History Since 1900 (4) GLOS 4635/HIST 4635 European Intellectual History II: From Marx to Postmodernism (4) GLOS 4640/HIST 4640/SOCI 4640 The Holocaust (4) GLOS 4652 Comparative Global Studies (3) GLOS 4740/HIST 4740 Latin American Revolutions (3) HIST 3500/MES 3110 The Ancient Mediterranean (4) HIST 3520/GLOS 3520 Early Modern Europe, 1500-1789 (4) HIST 3740 Mexico (4) HIST 3715 Modern Japan (4) HIST 3790/MES 4120 The Middle East since 1800 (4) HIST 4532 Crime, Law and Society in Early Modern Europe (4) HIST 4570 France Since 1715 (4) HIST 4600 Russia and the Soviet Union Since 1861 (4) HIST 4620 Europe: Culture and Ideas (4) HIST 4635 European Intellectual History II: From Marx to Postmodernism (4) HIST 4650/WGSS 4650 Gender and Sexuality in European History (4) HIST 4690 Topics in European History (3-4) HIST 4730 History of Haiti (4) MES 4210/POLS 4260 Politics of the Middle East and North Africa (3) MES 4424/POLS 4423 Middle East in World Affairs (3)* MES 4430 Islamic Fundamentalism and the Modern World (3) MES 4440/RELS 4570 Special Topics in Islam (3) MES 4450/RELS 4580 Life of Muhammad (3) POLS 4230 African Politics (3) POLS 4240 European Politics (3)* POLS 4250 Latin American Politics (3) RELS 3400 Introduction to Judaism (3) RELS 3500 Introduction to Islam (3) RELS 3520 Sufism and Islamic Mysticism (3) RELS 3530 Muslim Women: Issues and Practices (3) RELS 4480 Modern Islam: Traditions and Transformation (3) RELS 4485 Ethics and Morality in the Islamic Tradition (3) RELS 4628 Topics in Asian Religion (3) WGSS 4770 Gender and Sexuality in the African Diaspora (3) WGSS 4846 Gender, War, and Militarism in/and the Middle East (3)* Research/Analytic/Writing Skills (6-9 hours) Select additional courses from the following to complete 6-9 hours. Other relevant courses may be by the faculty advisor: AAS 3980 Research Methods in African American Studies-CTW (3)* AL 4151 Communication Across Cultures-CTW (3)* ANTH 3033 Anthropology of Violence-CTW (3)* ANTH 4340 Applied Anthropology (3)* ANTH 4480 Ethnography Into the 21st Century (4)* ANTH 4670 Methods in Sociocultural Anthropology (3)* ANTH 4970 Senior Seminar in Anthropology-CTW (3)* CRJU 3020 Research Methods in Criminal Justice (3) ECON 4230 Experimental Economics (3)* ECON 4950 Econometrics and Applications (3)* ENGL 4521 Archival Research Methods (3)* GEOG 4515 Qualitative Methods in Geography (3)* GEOG 4520 Quantitative Spatial Analysis (3)* GEOG 4764 Urban Geography CTW (3) GEOG 4784 Climatic Change CTW (3)* GLOS 4651 Special Topics in Global Studies CTW (3) GLOS 4990 Topics in International Development Methods (1-3) HIST 4330 Oral History (4) HIST 4990 Seminar in Historical Research-CTW (4)* MATH 4547 Introduction to Statistical Methods (3)* MATH 4548 Methods of Regression and Analysis of Variance (3)* MUS 4820 World Music-CTW (3) POLS 3800 Introduction to Political Research-CTW (3) (may not be counted toward the Global Studies BIS if GLOS 3000 has been taken previously) PSYC 3510 Introduction to Research Design and Analysis (4)* PSYC 3530 Advanced Research Design and Data Analysis-CTW (4)* SCOM 3050 Speech Communication Research Methods (3)* SOCI 3010 Social Statistics (3)* SOCI 3020 Social Research Methods-CTW (3)* (may not be counted toward the Global Studies BIS if GLOS 3000 has been taken previously) Experiential Learning (3-9 hours): A minimum of 3 credit hours of designated experiential learning courses must be completed as part of the degree program. Additional credit hours of experiential learning may be counted in other relevant areas of the degree program pending approval by a faculty advisor in the Global Studies Institute. Honors Thesis Research and Writing in Global Studies or any other Arts and Sciences department: GLOS 4870 Honors Thesis I (3) GLOS 4880 Honors Thesis II (3) Honors Thesis I (4870) in another discipline (3) Honors Thesis II (4880) in another discipline (3) Other Regular Courses from Arts & Sciences Departments: ANTH 4550 Field School in Anthropology (3)* ANTH 4830 Anthropology Internship (3)* ANTH 4850 GSU Exchange/Non-GSU Exchange (3)* GLOS 4212 International Conflict Resolution: Theory and Practice (3) GLOS 4220 Refugees and Forced Migration (3) GLOS 4550 Domestic Field School (3)* GLOS 4560 International Field Experience (3)* GLOS 4760 Research Practicum (3)* GLOS 4761 Directed Study Global Studies (1-3) GLOS 4910 Internship Global Studies (3)* GLOS 4996 Study Abroad: European Studies in Strasbourg, France (3) HIST 4990 Historical Research-CTW (4)* JOUR 4980 Internship (3)* MES 4230/POLS 4952 Model Arab League (3)* MES 4580 Middle East Studies Internship (3)* MES 4890 Independent Study (3)* POLS 4424 Regional Organization Simulation [Model Arab League] (3) POLS 4426 International Organization Simulation [Model United Nations] (3) POLS 4900 Senior Seminar (3)* POLS 4930 Legislative Internships (3) POLS 4940 Internships (3) POLS 4945 Experiential Learning (3) POLS 4951 Model United Nations (3) POLS 4952 Arab League (3) RELS 4400 Internship in Religious Studies (3) SOCI 4980 Internship (3) SPAN 3395 Study Abroad (Human Rights, Historical Memory, and Democracy in Spain) (3) THEA 4980 Internship (3)* WGSS 4760 Activism: History and Theory (3)* Study Abroad: Credit hours from any GSU-sponsored study abroad program. Non-GSU study abroad programs may also count with preapproval from a Global Studies Institute faculty advisor. Area H: Thematic Allied Fields (15-21 hours) Students select one of the thematic allied fields listed below. Then, choose courses from the pre-approved list below or other appropriate courses in consultation with the faculty advisor. Conflict, Violence, and Peace-Building: AAS 4620/HIST 4290 Enslavement and Resistance in the Americas (3 ANTH 4020 Anthropological Theory (4)* ANTH 4112 Modernity and Identity (4) ANTH 4114/GLOS 4114 Language and Social Justice (4) ECON 4750 Introduction to Game Theory (3) ENGL 3940 Postcolonial Literature (3)* GLOS 3300/HIST 3300 History of Capitalism (3-4) GLOS 4211 Psychology of Terrorism (3) GLOS 4215/POLS 4215 Politics of Peace (3) GLOS 4220 Refugees & Forced Migration (3) GLOS 4650 Special Topics in Global Studies (3-4) GRMN 4422 Contemporary Germany: Civilization 1871-present HIST 3625 War in Europe and America Since 1500 (4) HIST 3640 Piracy from ancient to modern (4) MES 4220/POLS 4285 Politics and Religion in Comparative Perspective (3)* POLS 3200 Comparative Politics (3) POLS 4420 International Law (3) POLS 4421 International Organizations (3)* POLS 4427 Politics of International Human Rights (3) POLS 4470 Causes of War (3)* PSYC 4020 Social Psychology (3)* PSYC 4030 Cross-Cultural Psychology (3)* RELS 4680 War, Peace, and Religion (3) RELS 4700 The Concept of Origins (3) SOCI 3212 Race and Ethnic Relations (3) SOCI 3213 Immigration (3) SOCI 3220 Activism, Protest, and Revolution (3) SOCI 3390 Jerusalem the Politics of Space (3) SOCI 4218 Power and Politics (3) Globalization, Power, and Culture: AAS 4620/HIST 4290 Enslavement and Resistance in the Americas (3) ANTH 4040/GLOS 4040 Gender, Race, and Class in Complex Societies (3)* ANTH 4490/GLOS 4490 Anthropology of Globalization (4)* FLME 4180 International Cinemas (3)* HIST 3400 History of Sex (3-4) HIST 4230 United States Foreign Relations (4) ITAL 4414 The Boom Years: Literature, Cinema and Art, 1958-1963 (3)* POLS 4205 Comparative Democratization (3) POLS 4220 Comparative Legal Systems and Politics (3) POLS 4290 Studies in Comparative Politics (3)* POLS 4424 Regional Organization Simulation (Model Arab League) (3) POLS 4426 International Organization Simulation (Model United Nations) (3) POLS 4951 Model United Nations (3)* POLS 4952 Model Arab League (3)* SOCI 3216 Gender and Society (3) SOCI 3356 Queer Identities (3) WGSS 3030 Introduction to LGBT Studies (3) WGSS 3040 Globalization and Gender (3)* WGSS 4842 Sexuality and Nationalism (3)* WGSS 4844 Youth and Sexualities (3)* International Development, Trade, and Urbanization: ANTH 4200 Urban Anthropology (4)* ECON 4220 Environmental Economics and Policy (3)* ECON 4400 Public Sector Economics (3)* GEOG 4420 Urban Environments (4)* GEOG 4538 Urban Health GIS (4)* POLS 3450 United States Foreign Policy (3) POLS 4273 Political Economy of Development (3) POLS 4430 International Political Economy (3)* SOCI 3130 Sociology of Food (3) SOCI 3140 Sociology of HIV/AIDS (3) SOCI 3346 Drug Use and Abuse (3) Global Information and Media: AL 4151 Communication Across Cultures (3)* ANTH 4520 Anthropology of Public Culture (3)* FLME 4185 Global Media and Culture (3)* FREN 4113 French and Francophone Culture and Civilization: Immigration and Identity in Contemporary Francophone Film (3) HIST 3635 Media, Technology, and Popular Culture (4) JOUR 4650/MES 4600 International Communication (3)* JOUR 4665 International Public Relations (3)* SPAN 4467 Latin American and Latino Film and Video (3)* SPAN 4480 Special Topics (Representations of Violence in Latin American Film) (3)* SPAN 4480 Special Topics (Realism in Latin American Cinema) (3)* Global Health and Environment: ANTH 4060 Environmental Anthropology (3)* ANTH 4460 Health and Culture (4)* ECON 4210 Health Economics (3)* ECON 4350 Economics of Poverty and Public Policy (3)* GEOG 4538 Urban Health GIS (3) GEOG 4642 Advanced Weather and Climate (3)* GEOG 4644 Environmental Conservation (3)* GEOG 4762 Economic Geography (3)* GEOG 4784 Climatic Change-CTW (3)* GERO 4119/SOCI 4119 Global Aging and Families (3) (study abroad course) HIST 3410 History of Food (4) NUTR 3800 International Nutrition (3)* SOCI 3352 Mental Illness in the U.S. (3) Human Rights and Democracy: AAS 4550 Activism and the Black Freedom Movement (3) ANTH 4370 Forensic Anthropology (3)* ANTH 4040/GLOS 4040 Race, Class and Gender in Global Perspective (3) CRJU 4040 Comparative Criminal Justice Systems (3) ENGL 3945 Literature and Global Conflict (3)* ENGL 3990 Women’s Literature (3)* GEOG 4778 Political Geography HON 3260 Honors Colloquium (Trauma And Memory In Post-Dictatorship Argentina) (3) PHIL 3720 Contemporary Moral Problems (3) PHIL 3855 Topics in Political Theory (3) PHIL 4750 Topics in Ethics (3)* PHIL 4700 Ethics (3)* PHIL 4800 Social and Political Philosophy (3)* PHIL 4820 Philosophy of Law (3)* PHIL 4855 Advanced Topics in Political Theory (3)* PHIL 4860 Feminist Philosophy (3)* POLS 4131 Civil Liberties and Rights (3) POLS 4260 Politics of the Middle East and North Africa (3)* RELS 4030 Introduction to Human Rights (3) WGSS 4040 Gender, Race, and Class in Complex Societies (3)* WGSS 4750 Black Feminist Thought (3)* WGSS 4770 Gender and Sex in the African Diaspora (3)* WGSS 4780 African-American Lesbian and Gay Activism (3)* WGSS 4810 Feminism and Foucault (3)* FI 4040 Foundations in International Finance FREN 4043 French for International Business I, II GEOG 4764 Urban Geography – CTW (3) GRMN 4432 German for International Business I,II HIST 3300 History of Capitalism (3) HIST 3650 Africa and the World (4) HIST 4550 Britain and the World since 1700 (3) IB 3090 International Business Operations IB 4020 International Trade Management IB 4030 China’s Economy & International Business Environment IB 4080 Legal Issues in International Business IB 4100 Introduction to International Entrepreneurship MK 4600 International Marketing POLS 4270 Comparative Political Economy (3) MES 4424/POLS 4423 Middle East in World Affairs (3) SPAN 4405 Spanish for International Business I,II Bachelor of Arts in History Concentration in Pre-Law Minor in History Dual B.A./M.A. in History Dual B.A. in History and Master of Historic Preservation history.gsu.edu Michelle Brattain, Chair Robert Baker, Undergraduate Director Historians study various aspects of humanity’s recorded past. Some historians explore the rise and fall of empires, while others describe the everyday lives of men and women. They are interested in every period of the past and all parts of the world. Historians also examine the principles and theories that influence the writing of history. They seek to understand the forces that have structured human life and the ideas that have shaped the way people perceive and experience their worlds. Historians are concerned with change and continuity within societies and interactions among cultures. Historians pay particular attention to the effect of perspectives and values because their discipline involves the interpretation of findings, not just the collection of facts. History can teach us many lessons, not simply about our past but also about the paradoxes and potentials of our present. The Department of History offers a wide range of courses in African, Asian, European, Latin American, Middle Eastern, and United States history. Arranged in three levels — introductory, intermediate, and advanced — these courses afford students an opportunity not only to become familiar with a body of historical knowledge but also to enhance their skills as readers, discussants, writers, and researchers. Because it emphasizes analytic and critical thinking, history prepares students for further professional training in education, international studies, journalism, law, politics, and public policy, and for all manner of careers. All students can benefit from the insights history provides into the human condition. Students should complete the freshman courses in history in the core curriculum and HIST 3000 (Introduction to Historical Studies-CTW) before enrolling in other history courses numbered 3000 and above. In all lower-division history courses the department requires that majors attain a minimum grade of C. The department requires a total of 30 hours in upper-division history. At least one course must be taken from each of the areas of American, European, and African/Asian/Latin American/Middle Eastern History. All majors must take HIST 4990 (Historical Research-CTW) after completing HIST 3000 and at least four other upper-division courses. However, students enrolling in the dual degree BA/MA program may elect to substitute a graduate level research course for HIST 4990. No more than 15 hours of upper-division history may be transfer credits. B.A. in History AAS 1141, AAS 1142, AAS 2010, ANTH 1102, ANTH 2010, ANTH 2020, ANTH 2030, ECON 2105, ECON 2106, ENGL 2110, ENGL 2120, ENGL 2130,GEOG 1101, HIST 1200, HIST 1141, HIST 1142, HIST 2030, HIST 2200, JOUR 1000, MATH 1401, PHIL 2010, POLS 2101, POLS 2401, PSYC 1101, SOCI 1101, SOCI 1160, WGSS 2010; World language 1001 (if different from world language taken in high school), World Lang 2001, World Lang 2002 The Department of History recommends that all majors complete the world language 1002, 2001, and 2002 sequence. (See “World Language Requirement for B.A. and B.I.S. Majors,” previously described.) Unless otherwise specified, HIST 1111, HIST 1112, and HIST 2110 are prerequisites for all advanced course work in history. History majors may complete no more than eight hours of 3000/4000-level history courses before completing HIST 3000. A minimum total of 30 hours must be taken from courses at the 3000-4000 level, and must include one course from each of the following: HIST 3000 Introduction to Historical Studies-CTW (4) (should be taken first among upper-division courses) U. S. History (one course) European History (one course) African, Asian, Latin American, or Middle Eastern History (one course) Capstone Course in Historical Research (4) HIST 4990 Historical Research-CTW (4) (Prerequisite: HIST 3000 and at least four other upper-division HIST courses, including at least two 4000-level classes.) Area H: Additional Courses Additional courses must be taken to complete a minimum of 120 hours, exclusive of KH 1010. The department strongly recommends that majors take the fourth semester of a world language (2002). The Department of History offers a pre-education track for those students who plan to teach at the middle school or high school level. Students have the opportunity to take a variety of courses in U.S., European, and world history, which will provide the analytic and writing skills, the global perspective, and the historical content that they will need to teach in the public schools. Along with the B.A. in History, it prepares students to be tested for temporary certification or to enter the M.A.T. Program in Social Studies Education in the College of Education and Human Development at Georgia State or a similar program elsewhere to complete the requirements for state certification. Area A-F requirements for the Pre-Education Concentration are the same as for the B.A. in History. Area G (Pre-Education): Major Courses (30) Students in the pre-education track will take eight history courses at the 3000-4000 level distributed as follows: Two courses in U.S. history. The department strongly recommends that one of these be History 4310 (Georgia). One course in European history. One course in African, Asian, Latin American, Middle Eastern, or world history. Two additional HIST courses the 3000-4000 level. HIST 4990 Historical Research-CTW (4) (Prerequisite: HIST 3000 and at least four other upper-division HIST courses, including at least two 4000-level classes. Area H (Pre-Education): Additional Courses Students in the pre-education track will also complete a minimum of nine hours of 3000-4000-level course work in two or more of the following allied fields: Education (Required: EXC 4020; along with two of the following: LT 3210, EDCI 3200, EDUC 3010, EDUC 4982, EDSS 3400, and EDLA 3200) A C- or better is required in all the courses in the Allied Field of the Pre-Ed track. History as an allied field consists of three courses at the 3000-4000 level: one in U.S. history, one in European history, and one in African, Asian, Latin American, or Middle Eastern history. Pre-Law Concentration Students who wish to major in history and prepare for law school or prestigious J.D.-Ph.D. programs can opt for a pre-law concentration. Students should contact Robert Baker, the department’s pre-law advisor, for more information about law school admissions. Area A-F requirements for the Pre-Law Concentration are the same as for the B.A. in History. One or more of the following courses are strongly recommended: PHIL 2500 Introduction to Symbolic Logic (3) ECON 2105 Principles of Macroeconomics (Prerequisite: MATH 1101 or MATH 1111) (3) ECON 2106 Principles of Microeconomics (Prerequisite: MATH 1101 or MATH 1111) (3) Area G (Pre-Law): Major Courses (30) Two of the following courses (8): HIST 4450 Crime in America (4) HIST 4460 Bills of Rights (4) HIST 4470 The Founders’ Constitution (4) HIST 4532 Crime & Law, Early Modern Europe (4) HIST 4540 Britain, Ireland, and the British Atlantic, 1485-1689 (4) HIST 4550 Britain, Ireland, and the British Empire since 1689 (3) HIST 4990 Historical Research-CTW (4) (Prerequisite: HIST 3000 and at least three other upper-division courses, including at least two 4000-level classes.) Area H (Pre-Law): Minor and Additional Courses Students in the pre-law concentration must take an additional 9 hours. At least three credit hours must come from Field 2. Field 1: HIST 3250 Religion in American Life (4) HIST 3900 Human Rights in World History (3) HIST 4100 Philosophy of History (3) HIST 4190 American Culture and Ideas I (4) HIST 4200 American Culture and Ideas II (4) HIST 4630 European Intellectual History I: from Medieval to Marx (4) PHIL 4500 Symbolic Logic (prerequisite: PHIL 2500 with grade of B or higher) (3) PHIL 4700 Ethics (prerequisite: one 2000 or 3000-level Philosophy course) (3) PHIL 4820 Philosophy of Law (prerequisite: one 2000 or 3000-level Philosophy course) (3) RELS 4140 Religion and Law (3) RELS 5150 Religion, Nation, and Law (3) RELS 4670 Church and State (3) SOCI 3224 Crime and Punishment (3) POLS 3140 Judicial Process and Courts (3) POLS 4130 American Constitutional Law (3) Other courses may be substituted for the Area H requirement by the History pre-law advisor. Additional courses from departments other than the major must be taken to complete a minimum of 120 hours, exclusive of KH 1010. The department strongly recommends that majors take the fourth semester of a foreign language: Lang 2002. Students who wish to minor in history must take 15-18 hours in history courses, including at least three courses at the 3000 level or above. Students taking more than 15 hours in courses in history may count the additional hours toward their electives or may consider completing a double major. A grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. The department offers the following dual degree program: These dual degree opportunities enable qualified students to enroll in graduate courses late in their undergraduate program and apply the coursework toward both the bachelor’s and master’s programs. 3325 Human Rights and Democracy Program Offering: Interdisciplinary Minor in Human Rights and Democracy This program offers students an avenue to take advantage of the rich offerings in the areas of human rights and democracy available across several departments in the College of Arts and Science. The minor addresses the needs of students interested in a multidisciplinary, non-traditional introduction to issues and skills surrounding human rights and democracy. Minor Coordinator: Ryan Carlin (rcarlin@gsu.edu) A 2.0 Georgia State University GPA is required to apply to the program. Application materials can be obtained from the Office of Academic Assistance (see below). Students should apply to the program by the time they have earned 42 credit hours to avoid a delay in graduation. Please refer to The Interdisciplinary Minor section 3030.40 of the course catalog for academic regulations for this program. Students who wish to minor in Human Rights and Democracy should choose courses in consultation with faculty advisor. This minor is open to all students. A few courses in this program have prerequisites. Area H: No more than two 3-4 credit hour courses (6-8 hours) can be taken within a single discipline. All courses must be at the 3000-4000 levels. Students must take at least two courses from the Foundations area, no more than two from the Social Conflict and Conflict Resolution area, and no more than two from the Identity Perspectives area. Other related 3000- or 4000-level courses (in any college) may be approved in advance by the faculty advisor. No courses will be approved after a student has enrolled in the course. (* Denotes course with prerequisites) Foundations (6-7) Choose two courses from the following: ANTH 3033 The Anthropology of Violence (3)* HIST 3540 Film and the Holocaust (4) HIST 4640 The Holocaust (3) POLS 4520 Theories on Democracy (3) PSYC 4650 Special Topics (Study Abroad: Human Rights in Argentina) (3)* SPAN 3395 Special Topics (Study Abroad: Human Rights, Historical Memory, and Democracy in Spain) (3) Social Conflict and Conflict Resolution (3-7) Choose no more than two courses from the following: AAS 4180/POLS 4157 Politics of the Civil Rights Movement (3) AAS 4750/PHIL 4855 African-American Ethical and Legal Issues (3)* AAS 4970/PSYC 3901 Study Abroad Tanzania: History, Modern Culture and the Psychology of Skin Bleaching (3) ENGL 3900 Irish Literature (Topic: Conflict Resolution) (3)* FORL 3300/ENGL 3800/GRMN 4414/SPAN 4480/FREN 4414 Special topic (Representations of the Holocaust in Literature and Film) (3) GRMN 4413 Introduction to German Film (Topic: German Film Studies from Weimar to Global Cinema) (3)* GRMN 4422 Contemporary Germany – Civilization 1871 to Today (3)* HON 3260 Trauma And Memory In Post-Dictatorship Argentina (3) PHIL 4820 Philosophy of Law* (3) PHIL 4855 African-American Ethical and Legal Issues (3)* POLS 4900 Special Topics (Ethical Concerns In World Politics) (3)* POLS 4900 Special Topics (The United States and Latin American in World Politics) (3) [PSYC 4800 Seminar-CTW (Topic: Psychology and Social Justice) (3)* RELS 4680 War, Peace and Religion (3) SOCI 3220 Activism, Protest and Revolution (3) SPAN 3395 Study Abroad (Topic: Human Rights in Argentina) (3) Identity Perspectives. Choose no more than two courses from the following (3-7): AAS 3050/PSYC 3520 Introduction to African American Psychology (3)* AAS 4125/WGSS 4750 Black Feminist Thought (3) AAS 4160/POLS 4165 African-American Politics (3) AAS 4970/PSYC 3901 Study Abroad (Tanzania: History, Modern Culture and the Psychology of Skin Bleaching) (3) [AAS 4975 Race, Class and Gender in Contemporary South Africa (3) ANTH 4420/WGSS 4210 Gender and Power in Ethnographic Perspective (3)* ENGL 3920 Southern Literature (focus: Cherokee literature) (3)* ENGL 3950 African American Literature (3)* ENGL 3960 African American Women’s Writings (3)* ENGL 3970 Caribbean Literature (3)* ENGL 4000 Jewish Literature* (3) HIST 4430 American Jewish History (4) JST 3000/MES 3710 Introduction to Jewish Studies (3) POLS 4120 Southern Politics (3) PSYC 3570 Multicultural Psychology (3)* PSYC 4510 Community Psychology (3)* SOCI 3216/WGSS 3130 Gender And Society (3) SPAN 4440 Special Topics (El otro entre nosotros: Emigration and Immigration in Contemporary Spain) (3)* SPAN 4480 Special Topics (Latino Literature and Culture in the U.S.) (3)* WGSS 3030 Introduction to LGBT Studies (3)* WGSS 4846 Gender, War, And Militarism in the Middle East (3)* WGSS 4910 Study Abroad Ecuador: Gender, Sexuality and Postcoloniality in Contemporary Ecuador (3)* iep.gsu.edu John Bunting, Director The Intensive English Program (IEP) is a non-credit program designed to prepare students in the language and study skills necessary for successful academic work in American colleges and universities. The IEP offers academic English courses from basic to advanced levels of proficiency. Students who successfully complete the final level of the IEP (level 5) receive an English Proficiency Test waiver for undergraduate admission. In some cases, students who have been accepted to a degree program at Georgia State may combine upper-level IEP courses and regular academic work. Level six in the IEP is specifically for students seeking graduate admission at Georgia State. Every level in the IEP offers five courses each semester (a total of 18 hours in class each week). Courses include academic writing, structure/composition, academic reading/listening, extensive reading, proficiency test preparation (TOEFL / GRE) and oral communication. Tutoring services are available for students as well as weekly conversation exchange activities and excursions. Certificate of Language Ability in Japanese Minor in Japanese Mizuki Mazzotta, Japanese program coordinator The certificate consists of 12 credit hours at 2000- and 3000-level (minimum of 6 must be at the 3000-level), with a B or higher in each course. Courses retaken using the university Repeat to Replace policy are not counted as first attempts. At the 2000-level, students may enroll in JAPN 2001, JAPN 2002, or JAPN 2012. At the 3000-level, students may enroll in JAPN 3001, JAPN 3002, JAPN 3010, or JAPN 3082. Students who wish to minor in Japanese must take 15-18 hours in Japanese, including at least nine semester hours at the 3000 level or above. Students taking more than 15 hours of courses in the language may count the additional hours toward their electives. A grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. Bachelor of Arts in Journalism Concentration in Media and Society Concentration in Multimedia Reporting Concentration in Public Relations Minor in Journalism 8th floor, 25 Park Place communication.gsu.edu Greg Lisby, Chair Jaye Atkinson, Associate Chair Douglas Barthlow and Rasha Ramzy, Undergraduate Directors Journalism is the practice of collecting, evaluating, and disseminating current, relevant information and opinion. The journalism major prepares students for a variety of careers as multimedia news producers or public relations practitioners. Journalism courses are also useful electives for students planning to enter other vocations who wish to deepen and expand their media-literacy. Credit for special projects and internships is available in all majors. Internships provide students who have already completed all other requirements to gain experience in a variety of professional sectors in the metropolitan area and to tailor programs to their specific career goals. Effective fall semester 2013, to be eligible for the Journalism major and to enroll in 3000-4000 level Journalism courses (i.e., JOUR courses), students must fulfill the following requirements: Complete all courses with the JOUR prefix that are in Journalism’s Area F (with a minimum grade of “C” in the first attempt) and Earn a 2.5 grade-point average in all Area F JOUR courses. This GPA will be calculated based on the first attempt at these JOUR courses at Georgia State University. WFs counts as an attempt. Transfer students who transfer these course(s) into Georgia State, may use the grades in the transferred course(s) to calculate the GPA or they may attempt them once at Georgia State. Courses retaken using the university Repeat to Replace policy are not counted as first attempts. Once a student is eligible to take 3000-4000 Journalism courses, they remain eligible to take them as long as they are eligible to enroll at Georgia State University. In addition to the Major Eligibility Requirements for Journalism, students must fulfill the College of Arts and Sciences Degree Requirements (see section 3030) and the University Degree Requirements (see section 1400). Effective summer 2009, lab fees will be assessed automatically for students who register for certain courses. As a result, students will no longer be required to purchase lab fee cards. For more information, please feel free to contact the department or review the PAWS or catalog course listings to determine if a course includes a lab fee. B.A. in Journalism (See “World Language Requirement for B.A. and B.I.S. Majors,” previously described.) Required Courses (minimum grade of “C” required.) (12) JOUR 1000 Introduction to Mass Communication (3)* JOUR 1010 Basic News Writing (3)* JOUR 2500 Foundations of Mass Communication Research (3)* Electives: Select one course (3) AAS 1141, AAS 1142, AAS 2010, ANTH 2020, ECON 2105, ECON 2106, FLME 2700, GEOG 1101, HIST 1111, HIST 1112, HIST 1141, HIST 1142, HIST 2110, MUA 1500, MUA 1930, PHIL 2010, POLS 2101, POLS 2401, PSYC 1101, SOCI 1101, SOCI 1160, SCOM 1010, THEA 2040, WGSS 2010; World language 1001 (if no previous experience with language), World Lang 2001, World Lang 2002 * Students must have a 2.5 grade-point average in these Area F JOUR courses to be eligible for the B.A. in Journalism and to take 3000- and 4000-level JOUR courses. (See Major Eligibility Requirements.) Media and Society Concentration: Area G (24) Course to fulfill Critical Thinking Through Writing (CTW) requirement (3): JOUR 3010 Advanced Media Writing-CTW (3) Required core courses (3): JOUR 3060 Mass Comm Law and Regulation (3) Select one of the following capstone courses (3): JOUR 4070 Media Theory (3) JOUR 4800 Media, Ethics and Society (3) Select five of the following Media Studies courses (15): JOUR 3690 Honors Readings (1-3) JOUR 3900 Digital Journalism (3) JOUR 3955 Mass Communication Research (3) JOUR 4040 Media History (3) JOUR 4070 Media Theory (3) (if not chosen as capstone) JOUR 4460 Health Communication (3) JOUR 4480 Political Communication (3) JOUR 4500 Visual Communication (3) JOUR 4510 Media and Politics (3) JOUR 4570 Social Media Strategies (3) JOUR 4590 African-American Popular Culture (3) JOUR 4600 Readings in Journalism (3) JOUR 4650 International Communication (3) JOUR 4665 International Public Relations (3) JOUR 4780 Women and Media (3) JOUR 4800 Media, Ethics and Society (3) (if not chosen as capstone) JOUR 4810 Media and Popular Culture (3) JOUR 4870 Honors Thesis I (3) JOUR 4880 Honors Thesis II (3-6) JOUR 4900 Special Topics (1-4) JOUR 4980 Internship (1-3) JOUR 4999 Directed Readings (1-4) Multimedia Reporting Concentration: Area G (24) Required Core courses (8-10): JOUR 3060 Mass Communication Law and Regulation (3) JOUR 4030 Practicum (2-4) Select advanced media practice courses from the following (8-10): JOUR 4001 Sports Journalism (2) JOUR 4002 State Government Reporting (2) JOUR 4005 Local Government Reporting (2) JOUR 4120 Feature Writing (3) JOUR 4180 Editorial and Critical Writing (3) JOUR 4610 Advanced Graphic Communication (3) JOUR 4710 TV News Magazine (3) JOUR 4720 Radio News and Podcasting (3) JOUR 4840 TV Newscast (3) JOUR 4850 TV News Reporting of Downtown Atlanta (3) Public Relations Concentration: Area G (24) JOUR 3560 Public Relations Writing and Projects-CTW (3) Mandatory core course (3): Concentration mandatory core courses (6): JOUR 4540 Public Relations Campaigns (3) Select two experiential learning courses (6): JOUR 4030 Journalism Practicum (1-3) JOUR 4610 Applied Graphic Communication (3) Select one course from the following (3): JOUR 3010 Advanced Media Writing (3) JOUR 4660 Corporate Communications (3) SCOM 3250 Persuasion (3) H: Minor and Additional Courses Majors in the Department of Communication’s three B.A. programs must select a minor consisting of at least 15 hours of courses in a discipline within the Department of Communication other than the major (journalism, film/video, or speech) or in another academic department/school/institute that offers a baccalaureate degree. At least nine semester hours of minor courses must be at the 3000 level or above, unless otherwise specified by the minor-granting department/school/institute. A grade of C or higher is required in all minor courses. Students who wish to minor in one of the department’s three programs must take 15-18 hours in the specific area, including at least nine semester hours at the 3000 level or above. Students taking more than 15 hours in courses in the specific area may count the additional hours toward their electives or may consider completing a double major. A grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. Students wishing to take 3000-4000 level Journalism courses (i.e., JOUR) as part of a minor must first request departmental registration approval. 3385 Korean Certificate of Language Ability in Korean Minor in Korean Language and Culture Hakyoon Lee, Korean program coordinator At the 2000-level, students may enroll in KORE 2001 and KORE 2002. At the 3000-level, students may enroll in KORE 3001, KORE 3002, and KORE 3011. Students who wish to minor in Korean Language and Culture should complete 15 credit hours including at least 9 credit hours at the 3000 levels or above. A grade “C” or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. Current courses available for the minor include: Korean 2001 Intermediate Korean I (3) Korean 2002 Intermediate Korean II (3) Korean 3001 Advanced Korean I (3) Korean 3002 Advanced Korean II (3) Korean 3011 Korean Proficiency Through Korean Drama (3) Korean 4011 Business Korean (3) Korean 4300 Korean Language, Culture, and Society (3) Korean 4995 Directed Readings (3) Interdisciplinary Minor in Latin American Studies Minor Coordinator: Leslie L. Marsh (llmarsh@gsu.edu), Center for Latin American and Latino/a Studies The specific requirements for an interdisciplinary minor in Latin American Studies are as follows: The minor course work must consist of 15 hours of classes with significant Latin American content with a GPA of 3.0. These courses must be selected from at least two different departments. Courses counted toward the interdisciplinary minor cannot also count toward the major. Students are encouraged (but not required) to pursue a Certificate of Language Ability in Spanish and explore study abroad opportunities to a Latin American country. The following is a list of a few—but not all—courses that may be taken to fulfill the requirements of the interdisciplinary minor in Latin American Studies. AH 4669 Pre-Columbian Art (3) AH 4660 Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Art in Latin America (3) AH 4665 Latin American Avant-Gardes of the 1920s (3) AH 4669 Art in Latin America I: 1900-1950 (3) AH 4670 Art in Latin America II: 1950-2000 (3) AH 4900 Special Studies Seminar (3) AH 4980 Special Problems in Art History (3) ANTH 4040 Race, Class, and Gender in Global Perspective (when the course deals with Latin America and/or U.S. Latino/as (3) ANTH 4170 Mesoamerican Archaeology (3) ANTH 4530 Ancient Cities (when course deals with Latin America) (3) GEOG 4406 Advanced Regional Geography (3) GLOS 3620/HIST 3620 Atlantic World (4) PSYC 4680 Special Topics in Psychology (topic: Argentina- Human Rights in Argentina: From Dictatorship to Democracy (1976-Today) (3) RELS 4700 Between Animals and Gods (3) SPAN 3395 Study Abroad (for programs in Latin America; please consult the Office of Study Abroad for program opportunities and then confer with the Director of the Center for Latin American and Latino/a Studies) SPAN 4454 Literature of Social and Political Conflict in Latin America (in Spanish) (3) SPAN 4456 Tales of Love, Madness, and Death (in Spanish) (3) SPAN 4467 Latin American and Latino Film and Video (3) SPAN 4470 Special Topics in Latin American Literature (in Spanish) (3) SPAN 4480 Special Topics in Hispanic Culture (3) WGSS 4910 Gender, Sexuality, and Postcoloniality in Contemporary Ecuador (3) 3397 Law and Ethics Minor in Law and Ethics philosophy.gsu.edu Eddy Nahmias, Chair Eric Wilson, Director of Undergraduate Studies S.M. Love, Pre-Law Advisor A study of the philosophy of the law can deepen our understanding of the proper foundations, limits, and applications of legal authority. Legal theorists often consider the meaning of legal doctrine but philosophers of law help to frame the ethical considerations that guide and constrain the law. The minor in law and ethics gives students the skills and knowledge needed for a critical assessment of law, especially in light of the principles of ethics and social values. The minor also improves argumentative, writing, and logical skills invaluable for law school and many other careers in legal fields. The minor in law and ethics is designed to be a complement to any major. Students with majors in the humanities or social sciences planning a career in law, public service, advocacy, or policy are particularly encouraged to consider the minor in law and ethics. Complete 15 credit hours as follows: Required Courses (6 hours): PHIL 3000 Introductory Seminar in Philosophy (3) PHIL 4820 Philosophy of Law (3) Elective Courses (9 hours): Select at least two courses (6 hours) from the following: PHIL 2030 Introduction to Ethics (3) PHIL 2500 Introduction to Symbolic Logic (3) (Strongly recommended to sharpen skills tested in the LSAT.) PHIL 3710 Sex and Love (3) PHIL 3730 Business Ethics (3) PHIL 3740 Biomedical Ethics (3) PHIL 3810 Introduction to Philosophy, Political Science, and Economics (3) PHIL 4070 Marxism (3) PHIL 4700 Ethics (3) PHIL 4750 Topics in Ethics (3) PHIL 4760 Ethics and Contemporary Public Policy—Ethics Bowl (3) PHIL 4770 Moral Psychology (3) PHIL 4780 Neuroethics (3) PHIL 4800 Social and Political Philosophy (3) PHIL 4855 Advanced Topics in Political Theory (3) PHIL 4860 Feminist Philosophy (3) PHIL 4890 Topics in Social and Political Philosophy (3) Select one more course (3 or 4 hours) either from the list below or from the list above. AAS 4600 Enslavement and Resistance in North America (3) CRJU: Any 3000- or 4000-level Criminal Justice course ECON 4450 Law and Economics (3) ENGL 3080 Persuasion – History, Theory, Practice (3) ENGL 415 John Milton (3) HIST 3900 Human Rights in Historical Perspective (3) HIST 4450 History of Crime in America (4) HIST 4460 Bill of Rights (4) HIST 4532 Crime, Law, and Society in Early Modern Europe (4) LGLS: Any 3000- or 4000-level Legal Studies course PMAP 4411 Introduction to the Law for Public and Nonprofit Managers (3) POLS: Any 3000- or 4000-level Political Science course RELS 4255 Religion, Race, Nation (3) WGSS 4510 Feminist Political Theory (3) WGSS 4760 Activism: History and Theory (3) Other courses may count towards the Minor in Law and Ethics. However, these courses require advance approval of the Director of Undergraduate Studies in Philosophy. No courses will be approved after the mid-point of the semester of the course. Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies with a Concentration in Law and Society Faculty Coordinator: Michael Fix, mfix@gsu.edu This program emphasizes the social sciences and humanities perspectives of the law. Drawing on the disciplines of political science, sociology, history, English, philosophy, psychology, criminal justice, and business law, the Law and Society area of concentration offers the student a broad liberal but non-professional background in law. It is a viable option for pre-law students. For students interested in the program, please contact the program coordinator or the Department of Political Science (404-413-6159). B.I.S. with a Concentration in Law and Society Students must complete level 1002 of a world language (3). Select additional courses to complete 18 hours: AAS 2010, ACCT 2101, ACCT 2102, ANTH 2020, BUSA 2016, ECON 2105, ECON 2106, ENGL 2130, GEOG 1101, GERO 2000, CRJU 2200, CRJU 2700, HIST 1111, HIST 1112, HIST 2110, PHIL 2010, PHIL 2030, PHIL 2500, POLS 2401, PSYC 1101, PSYC 2040, PSYC 2050, SCOM 1500, SCOM 2710, SOCI 1101, SOCI 1160, WGSS 2010; world language 1001, 2001, 2002 Area G: Area of Concentration — Law and Society (27) Select one course to fulfill CTW requirement (3-4) CRJU 3060 Ethical Issues in Criminal Justice-CTW (3) PHIL 3000 Introductory Seminar in Philosophy-CTW (3) Select two courses (6) LGLS 3020 Introduction to the Law (3) LGLS 4030 The Legal Process Select two courses (6-7) Select four additional courses (12) AAS 4995 Directed Readings B.I.S.-CTW (3-4) ANTH 4114 Language and Social Justice (4) CRJU 3100 Introduction to Criminal Justice (3) CRJU 3210 Juvenile Offending (3) CRJU 3410 Criminological Theory (3) CRJU 3610 Statistical Analyses in Criminal Justice (3) CRJU 3710 Policing and Individual Rights (3) CRJU 4420 Crime Typologies (3) CRJU 4040 Street Crime (3) CRJU 4720 Law, Justice and Social Change (3) CRJU 4760 Criminal Procedure (3) CRJU 4780 Criminal Law (3) CRJU 4910 Selected Legal Issues in Criminal Justice (3) CRJU 4915 Controversial Legal Issues in Criminal Justice (3) ECON 3810 Introduction to Philosophy, Political Science, and Economics (3) ECON 4080 History of Economic Thought (3) ECON 4400 Public Sector Economics (3) ECON 4680 American Economic History (3) EURO 4130 European Union Law and Legal Systems (3) HIST 4995 Directed Readings B.I.S.-CTW (3-4) LGLS 4020 Business Law for Entrepreneurs (3) LGLS 4030 The Legal Process (3) LGLS 4050 Legal Transactions and Risk (3) LGLS 4060 Internet Law (3) LGLS 4389 Directed Readings in Legal Studies (3) LGLS 4490 Real Estate Law (3) MTM 3050 Legal Aspects of the Music Industry (3) PHIL 4500 Symbolic Logic (3) PHIL 4760 Ethics and Contemporary Public Policy – Ethics Bowl (3) PHIL 4995 Directed Readings B.I.S.-CTW (3-4) POLS 3810 Introduction to Philosophy, Political Science, and Economics (3) POLS 4555 Contemporary Political Philosophy (3) POLS 4570 American Political Thought (3) POLS 4955 Mock Trial (3) SCOM 3060 Communication Law and Regulation (3) SCOM 4540 Mediation and Conflict Resolution (3) SOCI 3156/WGSS 3150 Sexuality and Society (3) SOCI 3222 Deviant Behavior (3) SOCI 4150 Sexual and Intimate Violence (3) Select from the following internship courses (No more than six hours of internship credit may be used.): CRJU 4930 Internship Seminar in Criminal Justice (3) POLS 4930 Legislative Internships (3-6) POLS 4940 Internships (1-6) Area H: Allied Fields Students must complete coursework in at least two disciplines (defined by course prefixes). Select additional courses to reach at least 15 credit hours from the list in section 4 above (excluding courses already counting toward Area G) or from any of the following:: Electives are used to build the hours in Areas G-J to 60 hours, have 39 hours at Georgia State University taken at the 3000-4000 level for residency, and complete 120 hours required for graduation. Bachelor of Science in Mathematics Concentration in Actuarial Science Concentration in Applied Mathematics Concentration in Computer Information Systems Concentration in Computer Science Concentration in Managerial Sciences Concentration in Statistics Dual Degree Programs: B.S. in Mathematics / M.S. in Mathematics B.S. in Mathematics (Actuarial Science concentration) with the Master of Actuarial Science B.S. in Mathematics (Computer Information Systems concentration) with the Master of Science in Information Systems B.S. in Mathematics (Mathematical Risk Management concentration) with the Master of Science in Risk Management and Insurance (Mathematical Risk Management specialization) B.S. in Mathematics (Statistics concentration) / M.S. in Mathematics (Statistics concentration) Minor in Mathematics Atlanta, Georgia 30303-3083, USA Web address: www.mathstat.gsu.edu Guantao Chen, Chair Alexandra Smirnova, Associate Chair Michael Stewart, Director of Undergraduate Studies All freshmen entering Georgia State University are required to take either the College Entrance Examination Board Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) or the assessment of the American College Testing Program (ACT). The results of the test, performance in and time of previous mathematical education, and the student’s intended major or career goals are all factors to be considered when registering for any mathematics course. In order to register for courses numbered 1111 or higher, students must make an appropriate score on the mathematics placement test (see Section 1410.10) or have other appropriate prerequisite work. Therefore, students are urged to check the prerequisites for mathematics courses, and the mathematics requirement as listed by their major department/school/institute. Refer any questions to that department/school/ institute or to the Department of Mathematics and Statistics. Mathematics is one of the great unifying themes in our modern culture. It is a language, a science, an art form, and a tool of tremendous power. The Department of Mathematics and Statistics, in its courses for both majors and non-majors, seeks to introduce students to this vast area of knowledge and to show them how mathematics can be used to solve problems. The B.S. degree program in mathematics prepares a student for positions in business, industry, and government; a career in the teaching of mathematics at the secondary level; or further study in mathematics or statistics leading to graduate degrees. Six concentrations are offered within the B.S. degree in mathematics. The concentration in actuarial science prepares a student to work as an actuary. The concentration in computer information systems prepares students for work in the field of management information systems. The concentration in computer science provides education in more scientific aspects of computing. The concentration in managerial sciences provides training in management modeling, problem solving, and computer-assisted decision support/expert systems technologies. The concentration in statistics prepares students for work as applied statisticians. The concentration in applied mathematics provides background in core areas of applied mathematics, computational mathematics, and statistics. Finally, in addition to the undergraduate concentrations, the department offers dual degrees that give students a seamless path from a B.S. in mathematics to business graduate degrees in actuarial science, information systems, and mathematical risk management. Guidelines for minors in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics are given after the program descriptions. In addition to immediate employment, there are opportunities for good students to pursue further study at the graduate level in mathematics, statistics, and other fields. In 1978, the department initiated a cooperative education program with International Business Machines, Inc. Over the years, the program has expanded to include many other firms. Hundreds of majors have benefited from a co-op experience. Majors have an opportunity for paid work experience related to their area of study. They may also make important contacts that may lead to full-time employment after graduation. The Office of Cooperative Education has been established to coordinate the university’s cooperative education programs. Majors are asked to consider carefully the career objectives they wish to pursue after graduation. A particular career objective may suggest a special choice for the minor or concentration that would prepare one for that career. It also might suggest that a co-op experience would be useful. Faculty who serve as academic advisers for majors can discuss choices and concentrations that are available to majors. There are no extra fees, scholarships or other expenses outside of regular Georgia State University fees applicable to a B.S. degree in mathematics, other than those associated with teacher preparation (see Sections 1605 and 1610). Students must earn a grade of C or higher in all mathematics courses in Area A, D, and F. B.S. in Mathematics Students must fulfill the College of Arts and Sciences Degree Requirements (see section 3030) and the University Degree Requirements (see section 1400). Required course: MATH 1112, MATH 1113, or higher level MATH must be taken in Area A. A section of MATH 1113 Precalculus that is designated specifically for this major is recommended (see GoSolar listing to identify appropriate sections). Required course: MATH 2211 Calculus of One Variable I (4) (or a higher-level mathematics course) Students will carry one additional credit hour over to Area F for each four hour mathematics course taken in Area A and/or Area D. Required Courses (1-2 of the following should be taken in Area A and/or D) (10-14): MATH 2420 Discrete Mathematics (3) MATH 2652 Differential Equations (4) World language at the 1002, 2001, or 2002 level (3) Students with MATH 2211 (4) in Area A2 and MATH 2212 (4) in Area D will have MATH 2215 (4), MATH 2420 (3), MATH 2641 (3), and two extra hours from Areas A2 and D in the required portion of Area F, for subtotals of 12 hours of required courses and 6 hours of additional courses. Students with MATH 1112 (3) in Area A2 and MATH 2211 (4) in Area D will have MATH 2212 (4), MATH 2215 (4), MATH 2420 (3), MATH 2641 (3), and one extra hour from Area D in the required portion of Area F, for subtotals of 15 hours of required courses and 3 hours of additional courses. Any credit hours exceeding 18 earned to complete the Area F requirements will count toward elective hours. MATH 3000 Bridge to Higher Mathematics-CTW (3) MATH 4435 Linear Algebra II (3) MATH 4441 Modern Algebra (3) MATH 4442 Modern Algebra II (3) MATH 4661 Analysis I (3) MATH 4662 Analysis II (3) MATH 4751 Mathematical Statistics I (3) MATH 4991 Senior Seminar (3) Mathematics Electives (15): Select 15 additional hours of 3000- or 4000-level mathematics courses, of which six hours at most may be at the 3000 level (excluding Math 3030, 3050, 3070, and 3090). Area H: Additional Major Courses, Concentrations, Minor, and Electives See descriptions below as to the specifics of special programs, such as the various concentrations offered. Students earning a B.S. in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics are not required to complete a minor. Actuarial Science Concentration (42-48) An actuary is an executive who uses mathematical and statistical skills to define, analyze, and solve problems of society. Actuaries create and manage programs to reduce the adverse financial impact of the expected and unexpected events that happen to people. They are employed in business, industry, and government. The Department of Mathematics and Statistics, in cooperation with the actuarial science program in the Department of Risk Management and Insurance, offers the Bachelor of Science with a major in mathematics and a concentration in actuarial science. This program provides strong preparation in both mathematics and actuarial science. Students completing this program may request that a suitable annotation be placed on their permanent record. Students must receive credit for CSC 1301, CSC 1302, ECON 2105 and ECON 2106 in the core curriculum Areas A-F or as electives. Mathematics Requirements (24): MATH 4211 Optimization (3) MATH 4610 Numerical Analysis I (3) Either MATH 4662 Analysis II or MATH 4441 Modern Algebra I (3) MATH 4752 Mathematical Statistics II (3) Actuarial Science Requirements (15): AS 4140 Mathematical Foundations of Actuarial Science (3) AS 4230 Theory of Interest (3) AS 4340 Life Contingencies I (3) Two of AS 4320, AS 4350, or AS 4510 (6) Required Economics Courses (6) (if not completed in Area F): Additional courses must be taken as electives to complete a minimum of 120 semester hours, exclusive of KH 1010. (9) Applied Mathematics Concentration (39-43) The Department of Mathematics and Statistics offers the Bachelor of Science with a major in mathematics and concentration in applied mathematics. The program provides a broad background in core areas of applied mathematics, including differential equations, modeling, computational mathematics, numerical methods, and statistics. Students must receive credit for CSC 1301 and CSC 1302 in the Area F or as electives. Mathematics Requirements (21-25): MATH 2652 Differential Equations (4) (If not taken in area F) MATH 3350 Scientific Computing (3) MATH 4258 Vector Calculus (3) MATH 4265 Partial Differential Equations (3) Choose four courses from the following list (12) MATH 4010 Mathematical Biology (3) MATH 4275 Applied Dynamical Systems (3) MATH 4444 Polynomials and Applied Algebra (3) MATH 4548 Methods of Regression and Analysis of Variance (3) MATH 4620 Numerical Analysis II (3) Select three additional hours of 3000/4000-level mathematics courses, of which 3 hours at most may be at the 3000 level (excluding MATH 3030, MATH 3050, MATH 3070, and MATH 3090). Additional courses must be taken as electives to complete a minimum of 120 semester hours, excluding KH 1010. Computer Information Systems Concentration (42-43) In cooperation with the Department of Computer Information Systems, the Department of Mathematics and Statistics offers the Bachelor of Science with a major in mathematics and a concentration in computer information systems. This program provides strong preparation in both mathematics and computer information systems. Students completing this concentration may request that a suitable annotation be placed on their permanent record. They are eligible to receive a certificate signed by the chair of the Department of Mathematics and Statistics and the dean of the College of Arts and Sciences. Students must receive credit CSC 1301, CSC 1302, and CIS 2010 in the core curriculum Areas A-F or as electives. MATH 4435 Linear Algebra (3) Select one additional upper-level mathematics course (exclusive of MATH 3030, [Math 3050], [Math 3070], and [Math 3090]). (3) Computer Science Requirements (9-10): CSC 3210 Computer Organization and Programming (3) CSC 4210 Computer Architecture (4) Computer Information Systems Requirements (12): CIS 3210 End User Applications Programming (3) CIS 3300 Systems Analysis (3) CIS 3310 Systems Design (3) Select one additional CIS course, preapproved by the director of undergraduate studies. (3) Additional courses must be taken as electives to complete a minimum of 120 semester hours, exclusive of KH 1010. (8-9) Computer Science Concentration (43-45) The Department of Mathematics and Statistics offers the Bachelor of Science in mathematics with a concentration in computer science. This program provides strong preparation in both mathematics and computer science. Students completing this program may request that a suitable annotation be placed on their permanent record. Students must receive credit CSC 1301, and CSC 1302 in the core curriculum Areas A-F or as electives. Select one additional upper-level mathematics course (exclusive of Math 3030, 3050, 3070, and 3090). (3) CSC 4610 Numerical Analysis I (3) CSC 4620 Numerical Analysis II (3) Additional Computer Science Courses (6-8): Select two additional upper-level computer science courses with at least one selected from the following: CSC 4350 Software Engineering-CTW (4) Managerial Sciences Concentration (45) In cooperation with the Department of Managerial Sciences, the Department of Mathematics and Statistics offers the Bachelor of Science with a major in mathematics and a concentration in managerial sciences. In the managerial sciences, students receive training in management modeling, problem solving, and computer-assisted decision support/expert systems technologies. They learn to apply these skills to the functional areas of administration to increase managerial effectiveness and productivity. Managerial sciences training leads to such careers as management consultants; logistics specialists; quality assurance analysts; data analysts/statisticians; and decision support/expert systems builders. Students completing this program may request that a suitable annotation be placed on their permanent record. Students must receive credit CSC 1301 and CSC 1302 in the core curriculum Areas A-F or as electives. Statistics Requirements (6): Select one of the following two-course sequences. MATH 4547 Introduction to Statistical Methods (3) and MATH 4548 Methods of Regression and Analysis of Variance (3) MATH 4751 Mathematical Statistics I (3) and MATH 4752 Mathematical Statistics II (3) Select one additional courses in mathematics and/or computer science (6-7) (exclusive of Math 3030, 3050, 3070, and 3090). Managerial Sciences Requirements (15):* MGS 3100 Business Analysis (3) MGS 4000 Managerial Decision Making (3) MGS 4020 Introduction to Business Intelligence (3) MGS 4110 Analysis of Business Data (3) MGS 4120 Optimal Resource Allocation (3) Managerial Sciences Electives (3): Select one course. MGS 4140 Business Modeling (3) MGS 4760 Total Quality Management (3) Additional courses must be taken as electives to complete a minimum of 120 semester hours, exclusive of KH 1010. (11-12) Students must have satisfied the statistics requirements before enrolling in any Mgs courses. Statistics Concentration (42) Statisticians give advice on the statistical design of experiments, conduct surveys, and analyze data. They use computers, often writing their own programs. They collaborate with specialists in fields such as biology, health sciences, medicine, economics, marketing, psychology, and sociology as well as in business and industry. They are employed in business, industry, and government. The Department of Mathematics and Statistics offers the Bachelor of Science degree in mathematics with a concentration in statistics. Students in this program should select additional courses from a field to which statistics can be applied. Such a selection is called a related field and must be pre-approved by a departmental adviser. Examples of seven related fields are shown in section 5. Students must receive credit CSC 1301 and CSC 1302 in the core curriculum Areas A-F or as electives. Mathematics and Statistics Requirements (21): MATH 4544 Biostatistics (3) *At most, one semester of Math 4544 and 4547 may be counted in this program. Any one of the courses not taken in group 2 (3) Related Field Courses (12): Select 12 hours of course work in a field other than mathematics. (12) Related field courses must be pre-approved by a faculty adviser and must include at least nine hours of upper-division course work. Examples of related fields are: Actuarial Science, Biology, Computer Information Systems, Computer Science, Economics, Managerial Sciences, and Marketing. Students choosing to minor in mathematics should complete Math 2212, 2215, and nine hours of additional mathematics courses at the 3000 level or above. There are some restrictions, and course selections must be approved by the Department of Mathematics and Statistics. Students are urged to consult with members of the Department of Mathematics and Statistics to determine which courses would be most useful in their major field. The department offers the following dual degree programs, three in partnership with the J. Mack Robinson College of Business: Students must be formally accepted into the dual degree program by participating departments and colleges to be able to take graduate courses as an undergraduate. Additionally, acceptance into the dual program does not constitute admission to the master’s program. Students must fulfill regular graduate admissions requirements and apply for the master’s program following college processes. 3415 Media Entrepreneurship Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies Concentration in Media Entrepreneurship The interdisciplinary major concentration in Media Entrepreneurship prepares students for entry into a changing media environment with an understanding of current business dynamics and opportunities. Students will gain grounding in the skills they need to start their own businesses and to bring innovative and entrepreneurial thinking to traditional media organizations. Throughout the program, students will examine organizational culture, emerging and traditional business models, opportunities and challenges presented by the start-up climate, and will discuss how to leverage digital media tools in an entrepreneurial context. World language at the 1002 level or above (3) ACCT 2101 Principles of Accounting 1 (3) BUSA 2106 Legal Environment for Business (3) CIS 2010 Introduction to Computer Based Information Systems (3) CMIS 2000 Introduction to On-Set Film Production (6) ECON 2105 Introduction to Macroeconomics (3) ECON 2106 Introduction to Microeconomics (3) JOUR 1000 Introduction to Mass Communication (3) JOUR 1010 Basic News Writing (3) JOUR 2500 Foundations of Media Research (3) THEA 2210 Beginning Acting (3) Many of the courses listed above are required prerequisites for Media Entrepreneurship BIS courses in Area G and H. Students should select Area F courses in consultation with a BIS advisor. BUSA 3090 Survey of Business Principles for Non-Business Students (3) ENI 3101 Entrepreneurial Thinking for Startups (3) Select one course to fulfill the Critical Thinking Through Writing (CTW) requirement: CMIS 4910 Topics in Creative Media-CTW (3) JOUR 4800 Media Ethics and Society-CTW (3) Directed Readings-CTW course (number 4995 in multiple subjects) Entrepreneurship Core (6) ENI 3102 The Startup Venture (3) ENI 3103 Commercializing the Startup (3) JOUR 4900 Journalism Entrepreneurship (3) MK 4850 Marketing for Entrepreneurs (3) Media Industry/Law/Policy/Management (9) ACCT 4111 Intermediate Accounting I (3) BCOM 3950 Business Communication and Professional Development (3) BUSA 3000 Globalization and Business Practice (3) CIS 3730 Database Management Systems (3) CMIS 4914 Special Topics in Media/Arts Entrepreneurship (3) CMIS 4600/MTM 3010 Introduction to Music Industry (3) CMIS 4915 Special Topics in Advanced Technology Media Production (3) ENI 4100 From Startup to Growth Company (3) LGLS 4050 Principles of Business Law (3) MGS 3400 Managing People in Orgs (3) MGS 4430 Negotiation (3) (BIS students have only BUSA 3090 as prereq with consent of instructor.) MGS 4500 Entrepreneurship/New Venture Management (3) (BIS students have only BUSA 3090 as prereq with consent of instructor.) Marketing and Promotion (6) JOUR 3950 Public Relations Research (3) MK 4150 Business-to-Business Marketing (3) MK 4330 Principles of Professional Sales (3) MK 4305 Social Media Marketing (3) MK 4200 Marketing Research (3) MK 4620 Product Management (3) Area H Allied Field (15-21 hours) All courses taken in Area H must be approved by the faculty program coordinator. Courses cannot count in both Area G and Area H. CIS 3260 Introduction to Programming] (3) CIS 4120 Defining and Innovating Business Processes (3) CMIS 4100 Game Design (4) CMIS 4140 Computer Graphics Imaging (4) CMIS 4870 Honors Thesis I (3) CMIS 4880 Honors Thesis II (3) FLME 3115 Screenwriting & Visualization for the Short Film (4) FLME 3300 Dramatic Writing for Stage and Screen (3) GRD 4100 Print and Editorial Design (3) GRD 4350 Graphic Design through Advertising (3) GRD 4400 Graphic Design for Film and TV (3) JOUR 4900 Television Practicum (1-4) MTM 3120 Digital Audio Technology and Recording Techniques (4) PHOT 3200 Color Photography (3) PHOT 3300 Studio Photography (3) SCOM 4500 Visual Communication (3) THEA 3300 Dramatic Writing for Stage and Screen (3) THEA 4000 Acting and Directing for the Camera (4) Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies with a Concentration in Middle East Studies Minor in Middle East Studies Minor in Arabic The Department of World Languages and Cultures offers an interdisciplinary major in Middle East Studies (MES), a minor in Middle East Studies and a minor in Arabic. The major is ideal for students who want a well-rounded understanding of the Middle East along with the opportunity to study languages of the region. Students take courses on the Middle East in a variety of disciplines, including history, literature, political science, religious studies, communication and women’s studies. Each student selects the specific courses included in his or her program of study in consultation with a program advisor. The MES major prepares students for graduate school or for careers in government, business, the non-profit sector or the military. MES faculty offer courses in Arabic. Summer intensive courses may be offered. The department encourages students to take advantage of study abroad opportunities to deepen their knowledge of the culture and languages of the Middle East. The department and the Middle East Center sponsor a dynamic set of activities outside the classroom, including a lecture series and cultural activities, focused on achieving greater understanding of the rich and varied cultures of the Middle East. Arabic coffee hours are a great way for students to engage with other students and faculty and experience Middle East culture. For more information visit: wlc.gsu.edu. B.I.S. with a Concentration in Middle East Studies Required Language Courses: competency in Arabic or another Middle Eastern language through 2002 level (9-12) AH 1700 Survey of Art I: Western Art from Antiquity to the Middle Ages (3) AH 1750 Survey of Art II: Western Art from the Renaissance to the Present (3) AH 1850 Survey of Art III: Art of Africa, Oceania, and the Americas (3) HIST 1111 Survey of World History to 1500 HIST 2500 Contemporary World History (3) ECON 3900 Macroeconomics (3) ARBC 4501 Classical Arabic Lit & Culture (3) AH 4020/MES 4520/Art and Architecture of the Ancient Near East (3) HIST 3780/MES 4110 The Middle East, 600 to 1800 (4) MES 3400/RELS 3400 Introduction to Judaism (3) MES 3500/RELS 3500 Introduction to Islam (3) Fifteen to nineteen hours taken at the 3000 level or above from the Middle East Studies course list below or other appropriate courses selected in consultation with the program coordinator. AH 4020/MES 4520 Art and Architecture of the Ancient Near East (3) AH 4900 Special Studies Seminar (3) (when appropriate) recent topics have included: Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs, Iconography and Symbolism in Ancient Funerary Art, Art of Persia and Mughal India, Islamic Art 1, Islamic Art 2, Ancient Egyptian Portraiture, and Orientalism HIST 4525/MES 4130 Worlds of Eastern Christianity (to 1300) (4) MES 4220/POLS 4285 Politics and Religion in Comparative Perspective (3) MES 4230/POLS 4952 Model Arab League (3) MES 4258/POLS 4258 Government and Politics of South Asia (3) MES 4420/RELS 4450 Modern Judaism (3) MES 4430/RELS 4480 Islamic Fundamentalism in the Modern World (3) MES 4530 Islamic Philosophy (3) MES 4590 Special Studies Seminar (1-6) WGSS 4910 Special Topics (3) (when appropriate, i.e. Arab and Islamic Feminisms) New courses are regularly added to this list, please check with the Department of World Languages and Cultures for the most recent list of courses. Area H: Allied Field (15-21) Students must complete coursework in at least two disciplines (defined by course prefixes) in Area H. In consultation with the adviser, students choose courses in from two or more departments. Students are strongly encouraged to participate in a study abroad program to the region. MES faculty members regularly conduct related summer programs. Students may also study abroad in the region on semester and year-long programs. Select 15 semester hours from the following courses or other appropriate courses selected in consultation with the program coordinator: MES 3520/RELS 3520 Sufism and Islamic Mysticism (3) Minor in Advanced Leadership and Management Department of Military Science and Leadership GSU Stadium, ROTC Suite (Sub Level) www.gsu.edu/rotc Students must be enrolled in the Advanced Military Science (AMS) program to purse the minor. See the chair of the Department of Military Science and Leadership for program admission information. Additional coursework beyond the minor is required as part of the AMS program (see www.goarmy.com/rotc/schools/georgia-state-university.html). A cumulative Georgia State University grade-point average of 2.0. A grade-point average of 2.0 or higher in all military science courses. All courses for the minor must be taken at the 3000 level or above. No more than six hours may be taken in any department/school/institute. A grade of C or higher is required in all minor courses. Minor courses cannot be from a major area. SCOM 3010 Advanced Public Speaking (3) Select one Military Science course from the following (3-8): MSL 3010 Leadership and Problem Solving (3) MSL 3020 Leadership and Ethics (3) MSL 3030 Advanced Camp (8) MSL 4010 Leadership and Management (3) MSL 4020 Officership (3) Select two courses, with only one course at most chosen from each group (6-7) Human Behavior Group: PSYC 3110 Psychology of Interpersonal Behavior (3) PSYC 3560 Leadership and Group Dynamics (3) Military History Group: HIST 3790 The Middle East since 1800 (4) HIST 4230 Foreign Relations of the United States (4) HIST 4610 Modern Eastern Europe (4) Management Group: BCOM 3950 Fundamentals of Business Communication (3) MGS 3400 Managing People in Organizations (3) MGS 4470 Organizational Communication (3) National Security Studies Group: POLS 4290 Studies in Comparative Politics (3) In addition to the minor, a student can pursue a commission in the United States Army. Please contact the Officer Recruiter, Mr. Anthony Savage asavage@gsu.edu. Reserve Officer’s Training Corps (ROTC) The Department of Military Science and Leadership, most often referred to as the Reserve Officer’s Training Corps (ROTC), develops leadership and problem solving skills training, through hands-on training and classroom instruction by experienced, active-duty Army officers and non-commissioned officers. Students learn the necessary skills to become successful civilian or military professionals. Students apply leadership, organizational and personnel management skills in a variety of challenging environments. Qualified students may obtain a commission as a Second Lieutenant, with the opportunity to serve as either full time in the active Army, or full or part time in the National Guard or U.S. Army Reserve. Students may also compete for two, three, or four year ROTC scholarships. The basic courses (MSL 1000 and 2000 series) are normally taken in the freshman and sophomore years. Contracted students in the basic course are paid $420 per month while enrolled. Successful completion of the basic course gives students the credentials necessary for enrollment in the advanced program. The advanced program (MSL 3000 and 4000 series) is taken during the final two years of college and includes an advanced summer training between the junior and senior years. Students in the advanced program are paid $420 per month while enrolled, and earn a salary for all summer internships. Army ROTC offers opportunities for scholarships for the full amount of tuition and fees or use the scholarship for room and board up to $10,000. Students may apply for two, three and four year scholarships. Each scholarship covers full tuition, provides an annual allotment of $1,200 for books and fees, and gives students a tax-free allowance each month classes are in session. Army ROTC scholarships are awarded on the basis of merit. Family income has no bearing on eligibility for an award. For more details, contact the scholarship advisor at the ROTC department at 404-413-6486. GSU Army ROTC also offers a unique scholarship opportunity for School of Nursing students. These scholarships cover full tuition, books and fees, and provide a monthly allowance. Two, three, and four-year scholarships are available for all qualified nursing majors. Contact the scholarship advisor at the ROTC department at 404-413-6486. Students with prior military experience can fulfill credit requirements for the ROTC basic course sequence. If credit is granted, and provided the student is not on a three year Army ROTC scholarship, veterans may bypass the freshman and sophomore years of ROTC and enroll directly in the advance course sequence. Students with prior service may be eligible for special veteran scholarships. In addition to any financial assistance from ROTC veterans are still qualified to receive any and all GI Bill, Army College Fund, or VEAP benefits to which they are entitled. Simultaneous Membership Program Students my take advantage of the Simultaneous Membership Program (SMP), which allows participation in ROTC and enlistment in the Army National Guard or Reserve at the same time. SMP students serve as officer trainees in a Guard or Reserve unit and perform duties commensurate with the grade of Second Lieutenant. SMPs are paid at the rate of at least a Sergeant E-5 for Guard or Reserve service. Students must complete one of the following programs of instruction to qualify for a commission in the U.S. Army: MSL 1000-4000 level courses Advanced Camp (Fort Knox, KY- Summer) Basic Progression: Advanced Camp (Fort Knox, KY – Summer) JROTC-ROTC: Lateral Entry: 4 weeks Basic Camp (Fort Knox – Summer) MSL 3000 Advanced Camp (Fort Knox – Summer) Prior Service: Advanced Camp (Fort Knox, KY-Summer) 3435 Naval Science Minor in Naval Sciences Minor info: Maj. Nick Francois, Department of Military Science and Leadership, Georgia State University (nfrancois@gsu.edu, 404-413-6495) Minor liaison: Lt. Jacob Bush, Navy ROTC, Georgia Institute of Technology (navy@nrotc.gatech.edu, 404-385-6304) The minor will familiarize the student with basic and advanced concepts of Naval Science with emphasis on naval history, technology, and leadership. This minor will support the students who plan to serve their country by recognizing their academic achievement outside of their major coursework. The minor will also give students who do not pursue military service a basic working knowledge of the United States Navy and Marine Corps. Concepts learned complement any chosen career path. The Naval Sciences minor is offered in collaboration with the Navy ROTC (NROTC) program based at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia. Students pursuing the minor take Naval Science coursework on the campus of Georgia Tech. Students register for courses through the cross-registration process, which is described at https://registrar.gsu.edu/registration/cross-registration/. Admission to the Minor Students interested in pursuing the Naval Science minor should discuss this option with their Georgia State University academic advisor. Transfer students and other students who have taken the majority of their undergraduate coursework at institutions other than Georgia State University should consult their academic advisor before cross-registering for courses to ensure that they will have a suitable number of Georgia State credits at the expected term of graduation. A minimum of nine credit hours of upper-division coursework must constitute the required 15 credit hours of minor coursework. Students may not repeat any course for double credit. Courses taken to satisfy core curriculum Areas A through E may not be counted as coursework in the minor. Core Area F courses may be counted as coursework in the minor. Courses may be taken in any order, but students are highly encouraged to complete NS 1321 before enrolling in any other courses. NS 1321 Introduction to Naval Science. This course is an introduction and orientation class designed to give students a broad overview of the roles of the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps. This course also provides an introduction to the structure, terminology, customs, and uniforms of the Navy and Marine Corps. (3) NS 1323 Naval Maritime History. This course surveys U.S. Naval history from its European origin to the present with emphasis on major developments and the geographical forces shaping these developments. The course also covers present day concerns on seapower and maritime affairs, including the economic and political issues of maritime commerce, the law of the sea, and the rise and decline of the Soviet Navy. (3) NS 2321 Naval Leadership and Management. Survey of managerial functions, communication, and major theories of leadership and motivation applied to the Navy organization. The course culminates with focus on naval core values. (3) NS 2323 Navigation. This course develops and broadens the student’s understanding of basic piloting and the laws of vessel operations by applying the fundamentals of navigation at sea. (3) NS 3323 Evolution of Warfare. A historical exploration of warfare practiced by great nations. Selected campaigns are studied with emphasis on leadership, evolution of tactics, weaponry, and principles of war. (3) NS 3325 Naval Weapon Systems. This course develops and broadens the student’s understanding of basic engineering concepts and principles as applied to naval weapon systems, with a focus on sensors and weapon delivery. (3) NS 3326 Naval Systems Engineering. This course develops and broadens the student’s understanding of basic engineering concepts and principles as applied to naval engineering. (3) NS 4320 Naval Operations. This course develops and broadens the student’s understanding of relative motion, surface ship operations, and naval command, control, and communications. (3) NS 4322 Naval Leadership and Ethics. Study of Naval values and ethics to include core values, Navy regulations, and military law. Duties and responsibilities of a junior naval officer. (3) NS 4333 Amphibious Warfare. A historical exploration of warfare practice by great nations. Selected campaigns are studied with emphasis on leadership, evolution of tactics, and principles of war. (3) Bachelor of Science in Neuroscience Pre-Medical Concentration Minor in Neuroscience Dual B.S./M.S. Program in Neuroscience neuroscience.gsu.edu Nancy G. Forger, Director Joseph J. Normandin, Director of Undergraduate Studies Neuroscience asks how the brain and body produce our sensations, our thoughts, our behavior and the behavior of other animals. Neuroscientists address fundamental and health-related questions that affect every aspect of our lives and society. To answer them, neuroscience bridges the biological, chemical, physical, behavioral and computational sciences, as well as philosophy, engineering, and medicine. Neuroscience is among the fastest growing fields of science and medicine. Neuroscience is interdisciplinary, as shown by the Neuroscience Institute’s faculty and the neuroscience course offerings. Faculty are drawn from multiple departments, including Biology, Chemistry, Computer Science, Communication, Education, Law, Mathematics and Statistics, Neuroscience Institute, Nursing, Philosophy, Physics and Astronomy, and Psychology (see neuroscience.gsu.edu/contact-us-2/ni-faculty/ for a full list). They teach courses in cell and molecular neuroscience, computational neuroscience, neuroethology (animal behavior), drugs and the nervous system, cognitive neuroscience, neuroethics, and medical neuroanatomy, among many others. For questions about the major, students should contact the Undergraduate Coordinator who will help connect them with an appropriate faculty member. B.S. in Neuroscience Recommended course: MATH 1112 College Trigonometry (3) or MATH 1113 Precalculus (3) or higher level MATH course. MATH 1113 recommended. Recommended lab sequence: PHYS 2211K Principles of Physics I (4) and PHYS 2212K Principles of Physics II (4) Required course: Any mathematics course not taken in Area A from the following choices: MATH 2201, MATH 2202, or any comparable higher-level math. Area F: Courses Appropriate for the Major (18) NEUR 2000 Brain Basics: Introduction to Neuroscience (3) Students who decide to major in neuroscience after completing BIOL 1103K may take it for credit toward Area F if they complete BIOL 2108, [2108L], and BIOL 2800 before enrolling in major courses (Area G). Students who decide to major in neuroscience after completing BIOL 1103K and BIOL 1104K may use these courses for credit toward Area F if they complete BIOL 2800 before enrolling in major courses (Area G). Any credit hours exceeding 18 earned to complete the Areas A-F requirements will count toward elective hours. Neuroscience Core Requirements (18) NEUR 2010 Professional Development in Neuroscience (2) NEUR 3000 Principles of Neuroscience I (4) NEUR 3001 Principles of Neuroscience II (4) NEUR 3020 The Scientific Method in Neuroscience-CTW (4) [Neur 4000] Neuroscience Laboratory (4) NEUR 4001 Computational Neuroscience Laboratory (4) Note: Students may choose to take both NEUR 4000 and NEUR 4001 with the credits from NEUR 4001 being applied to their neuroscience-related electives. Neuroscience Electives (at least 10 hours from the following list of courses): NEUR 4010 Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience (4) NEUR 4020 Cognitive Neuroscience (4) NEUR 4040 Neuroethology (4) NEUR 4050 Statistics for Neuroscience (4) NEUR 4060 Neurophysiology (4) NEUR 4070 Sensory Neuroscience (3) NEUR 4080 Clinical Neuroscience (4) NEUR 4100 Developmental Neurobiology (4) NEUR 4115 Medical Neuroanatomy (4) NEUR 4150 Drugs and the Nervous System (3) NEUR 4200 Neuroscience of Memory (3) NEUR 4250 Neuroscience of Motivation and Emotion (3) NEUR 4330 Functional Neuroimaging (3) NEUR 4340 Neurophysics (3) NEUR 4360 Mathematical Biology (3) NEUR 4370 Applied Dynamical Systems (3) NEUR 4420 Hormones and Behavior (4) NEUR 4576 Neurovirology (4) NEUR 4700 Neural Plasticity (4) NEUR 4910 Topics in Neuroscience (1-4) Neuroscience-related Electives (at least 8 hours from courses on the list below, or from the list of Neuroscience Electives above, if the course is not being used to fulfill the Neuroscience Electives requirement). Other neuroscience-related electives not on this list may fulfill this elective requirement with permission of the Director of Undergraduate Studies. BIOL 3850 Animal Biology Lab (1) BIOL 3910 Genetics Lab (1) BIOL 4630 Enzymology (3) CHEM 4600 Biochemistry (5) (unless used to meet requirement for Pre-Medicine Concentration) NEUR 3690 Honors Readings (1-3) NEUR 4870 Honors Thesis I (3-6) NEUR 4880 Honors Thesis II (3) NEUR 4900 Advanced Neuroscience Laboratory (4) NEUR 4920 Internship in Neuroscience (2) NEUR 4930 Internship in Science Education (2) NEUR 4950 Supplemental Laboratory in Neuroscience (1) NEUR 4980 Undergraduate Research in Neuroscience (up to 5 hours may be applied to requirement) NUTR 4100 Energy, Metabolism, and Obesity (3) PHIL 3330 Mind and Brain (3) PHIL 4330 Philosophy of Mind (3) PHIL 4340 Philosophy and Cognitive Science (3) PSYC 4140 Introduction to Psychophysiology (4) PSYC 4560 Psychology of Animal Behavior (3) PSYC 4660 Applied Animal Behavior (3) Pre-Medicine Concentration A pre-medicine concentration is available for B.S. in Neuroscience majors. Please contact the Undergraduate Coordinator for further information. Pre-med students are also required to take: CHEM 4600 Biochemistry (5) Students who wish to minor in Neuroscience must take NEUR 3000 and at least 12 additional hours in Neuroscience courses (any courses with NEUR prefix). A grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. Students majoring in Neuroscience are encouraged, but not required, to take a minor. Students majoring in Neuroscience must take additional courses as electives to complete 120 hours. Students are encouraged to choose electives from the lists above. The Neuroscience Institute offers a dual Bachelor of Science and Master of Science in Neuroscience. The dual degree opportunity enables qualified students to enroll in graduate courses late in their undergraduate program and apply the coursework toward both the bachelor’s and master’s programs. Students must be formally accepted into the dual degree program by the Neuroscience Institute and College of Arts and Sciences to be able to take graduate courses as an undergraduate. Additionally, acceptance into the dual program does not constitute admission to the master’s program. Students must fulfill regular graduate admissions requirements and apply for the master’s program following college processes. This program offers undergraduate students the opportunity to earn the designation of graduation with distinction in the major. To graduate with distinction in the Neuroscience major, the student must have at least a 3.5 GPA in the major and a 3.5 GPA overall, and must be in good academic standing. The Undergraduate Program Committee may make rare exceptions (e.g. for students with a record of outstanding research or other accomplishments in neuroscience). Bachelor of Arts in Philosophy Minor in Philosophy Philosophy is the study of what exists, how we know, and how to live. Students of philosophy consider questions about the scientific method, human nature, justice, God, art, and the meaning of life. Philosophy majors develop the intellectual abilities to think critically and to write and communicate effectively. They learn to apply these valuable skills in other disciplines, in their career, and in their life. Because philosophy deals with fundamental questions and explores methods for answering them, it is highly interdisciplinary, connecting to every other discipline in the university curriculum. Hence, philosophy is an ideal double major or minor. Philosophy prepares students for careers and graduate programs that value the abilities to solve problems, to communicate clearly, to learn new skills, and to use new knowledge. It is an excellent major for a wide range of careers, including law, government, the sciences, medicine, public service, education, religion, writing, media, and all areas of business. The Department of Philosophy offers a B.A. in Philosophy and B.A. in Philosophy with a Pre-Law Concentration, as well as a minor in Philosophy and a minor in Law and Ethics. The Department maintains an extensive website at philosophy.gsu.edu. A 2000 or 3000-level philosophy course is a prerequisite for all 4000-level philosophy courses. Majors are strongly urged to take PHIL 2010 or PHIL 2030 and PHIL 3000 before taking 4000-level courses. B.A. in Philosophy One of the following (2-3): PHIL 2500 Introduction to Symbolic Logic (3) (Required for Graduation with Distinction and can improve performance on LSAT for Pre-Law students.) One of the following (3): Select additional 1000- or 2000-level courses from any department with a subject in the core curriculum to complete 18 hours in Area F. Recommended courses for the B.A. in Philosophy with no concentration: Any 1000/2000-level philosophy courses not used to fulfill requirements in Areas B, C, or F. Recommended courses for the B.A. in Philosophy with a Pre-Law concentration: Any 1000/2000-level philosophy courses not used to fulfill requirements in Areas B, C, or F. To satisfy the requirements for the B.A. degree with a major in philosophy, students must take a total of 27 semester hours in philosophy courses at the 3000 level or above, including the following distribution requirements: CTW Requirement (3): History of Philosophy Requirements (6): PHIL 3010 Origins of Western Philosophy (3) PHIL 3020 17th-18th Century Philosophy (3) Value Theory Requirement (3): Select at least one of the following courses. PHIL 4760 Ethics and Contemporary Public Policy (3) PHIL 4830 Topics in Philosophy of Art (3) Metaphysics and Epistemology Requirement (3): PHIL 4100 Epistemology (3) PHIL 4150 Topics in Epistemology (3) PHIL 4300 Metaphysics (3) PHIL 4350 Topics in Metaphysics (3) PHIL 4530 Philosophy of Language (3) Select four more philosophy courses at the 3000 or 4000-level. (12) B.A. in Philosophy with a Pre-Law Concentration Area A-F requirements are the same for the B.A. in Philosophy and the B.A. in Philosophy with a Pre-Law Concentration Area G: Major Courses (27-28) To satisfy the requirements for the B.A. degree with a major in philosophy with a Pre-Law concentration, students must take a total of 27 semester hours at the 3000 level or above, including the following distribution requirements: Select two more philosophy courses at the 3000 or 4000 level. (6) Select one of the following courses (3-4): ENGL 4150 John Milton (3) Other law-related 3000- or 4000-level courses (in any college) approved in advance by the Philosophy Pre-Law Advisor. No courses will be approved after the mid-point of the semester of the course. To graduate with distinction in the Philosophy major, the student must have excelled in his or her philosophy courses and undergraduate career. For a student to earn Graduation with Distinction, the student must have at least a 3.5 GPA in the major and 3.5 GPA overall, must have passed PHIL 2500 (Introduction to Symbolic Logic), and must be in good academic standing. Rare exceptions may be made by faculty vote. Students who wish to minor in Philosophy must take at least 15 hours in courses in philosophy, including at least nine semester hours at the 3000 or 4000-level. Students taking more than 15 hours in courses in the specific area may count the additional hours toward their electives or may consider completing a double major. A grade of C or higher is required in all courses counting toward the minor. See section 3397 for information about the Minor in Law and Ethics. 3455 Philosophy, Politics, and Economics Bachelor of Interdisciplinary Studies with a Concentration in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics (PPE) Faculty Coordinator: Andrew J. Cohen (cohenaj@gsu.edu), Philosophy Program Contact: Spencer Banzhaf (hsbanzhaf@gsu.edu), Economics Program Contact: Peter Lindsay (plindsay2@gsu.edu), Political Science Historically, Philosophy, Political Science, and Economics (PPE) were deeply co	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1129
__label__cc	0.564637	0.435363	Double Trouble: February 3, 2019 February 3, 2019 ~ Kathy Kane Second Investigation of Msgr. Logrip Reveals Two Archdiocesan Sins of Omission It was deja vu when the Archdiocese of Philadelphia recently announced that Msgr. Joseph Logrip would be placed on administrative leave while being investigated for an allegation of sexual abuse of a minor. Logrip was first placed on administrative leave for an earlier investigation in 2011, along with 26 other Archdiocesan priests. He was reinstated in 2014. Along with this second investigation, a related mystery has reemerged. When a priest is found unsuitable for ministry or placed on administrative leave, the Archdiocese includes that priest’s assignments in the removal announcement. But Logrip’s decades-spanning involvement with St. Aloysius Academy for Boys is missing in BOTH the 2011 and 2019 removal announcements. Located in Bryn Mawr, St. Aloysius Academy is an all-boys, private, Catholic school for grades K through 8. It’s administered by the Sisters, Servants of the Immaculate Heart of Mary. Logrip seems to have served as the school chaplain for many years. A book published in 1995, celebrating the Academy’s 100th anniversary year, reveals the following: A photo of Msgr. Logrip from 1978 identifying him as the school chaplain. In 1988, during Catholic Schools week, Msgr. Logrip blessed the new chapel at the main school building. In the 1980’s the First Friday Masses were celebrated by Msgr. Logrip In the 1990’s he celebrated the opening school Mass that kicked off the centennial celebration year for the school. At the Centennial Gala dinner he gave the benediction and is identified as the school chaplain. A former St. Aloysius student remembers Logrip being on the school campus a few times each week during the late 1980’s through the mid-1990’s. He says the priest was often accompanied by St. Charles seminarians. Logrip is mentioned in a lawsuit filed in 2011 by a former student alleging abuse by Father Martin Satchell in the early 1990’s. Satchell seems to have been a seminarian at the time of the abuse. The former student alleges he told Msgr. Logrip in 1995 that someone had hurt him but that Logrip did nothing to help him. Despite Logrip’s well-documented history at the school, nothing pertaining to his time at St. Aloysius is mentioned in the 2011 or 2019 official Archdiocesan removal announcements. Back in 2014, we asked the Archdiocese why St. Aloysius was missing from Logrip’s list of assignments. They responded that Logrip had volunteered as their chaplain. They hadn’t assigned him. But they knew about it! A subtle distinction was their reason for omitting information that could aid an investigation, inform the public and spur important conversations among those who attended or worked at the school. It seems the Archdiocesan definition of transparency and accountability is very, very limited. In 2019, with Logrip’s second removal for investigation, in an era where transparency is preached from the pulpit, the Archdiocese had a second chance to get it right. They failed. Did they forget we are watching? Once again, they withheld Logrip’s long history with St. Aloysius Academy for Boys. One has to wonder why? Posted in Clergy Sex Abuse, Prevent & Advocate Archdiocese of Philadelphia and clergy sex abuseFr Joseph LogripMsgr. Logrip ‹ PreviousNY Senate Passes Child Victims Act Next ›Retreating from the Truth 7 thoughts on “Double Trouble:” Andrea Evans says: thank you for all the work and research being done to hold the church acceptable. this is of great service to the public. micklega says: Yes. The Archdiocese withheld Logrip’s long history at St. Aloysius, twice. And, neither time did the Sisters at St. Aloysius publicly provide corrections to his history. Robert Zingle says: Perhaps the fact that Joe Logrip’s sister is an IHM might have something to do with the lack of disclosure. Just saying. Robert, I had no idea that Logrip’s sister is an IHM. (Commenting here from NY.) The priesthood has a long history of throwing nuns under the bus except when their silence protects one of their own. Joy D says: May they all burn in hell for aiding and abetting these perverts. owlfan says: This got me thinking about another priest – Fr. Michael Bolesta. He was named in the 2005 grand jury report accused of molesting boys at Sts. Philips & James parish in Exton. Parents of the boys went to the Chester County DA to press criminal charges. But both families of victims and fellow priests recommended he not be put in situations where he had contact to children. When he died, he was the Chaplain for the Holy Redeemer Health System in Huntingdon Valley. He also said Sunday mass at the parish I belonged to – St. Hilary of Poitiers in Rydal. I believe he also assisted with school masses and confessions. Yet nowhere does it appear on his assignment history. Search his online obituary and it states that he ministered at St. Hilary – he funeral mass was even celebrated there. More full transparency … https://www.bishop-accountability.org/reports/2005_09_21_Philly_GrandJury/Grand_Jury_Report.pdf Time2TellAll says: What on earth would the intent of the Archdiocese be to list the assignment history of a credibly accused cleric once removed? One would think it has to do with the possibility that others may have been harmed while the cleric served at the parish or ministry. To intentionally leave out any assignment (since this was done twice not once, it’s very hard to believe it was by mistake, particularly when they were asked about it years earlier and answered). That said, one would think the second time around they would at least try and get this one right. They didn’t….Yes one can only conclude, perhaps they have more to hide. Leave a Reply to owlfan Cancel reply	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1132
__label__cc	0.732144	0.267856	Book David Future of Brands Future of Healthcare Global Business Trends The Shift Age All Future Trends Futurist Speaker Print and On-Line This Spaceship Earth Brand Shift Is Privacy Dead? Entering the Shift Age The New Health Age Shift Ed Evolution Shift A Future Look at Today Evolutionshift Blog (462) The Shift Age (396) The Future (69) Global Economy (149) The Cable Television Era Comes to an End Telephones and Telegraph The failed merger of Comcast and Time Warner and the probable merger of Charter and Time Warner will be looked back upon as significant events. They mark the end of the cable era of television. In the United States, cable began in the post-WWII years as a way to bring broadcast television to hard to reach areas of the country. It was a bridge utility largely for rural America. Then in the mid-1970s it started to reach beyond that with the early launch of such networks as Superstation TBS, followed in short order with CNN, MTV, HBO and ESPN. By the end of the century there were hundreds of channels available in many households. Demographic and subject segmentation in television, something ultimately embraced by advertisers and of course embraced by consumers because of the explosion of choice. First cable was just about television. Then it became the dominant way for consumers to jack into the Internet. Then it took on the phone companies and provided landline telephone service. We have all been pitched the bundled three-way package to the home. The MSOs [ Multiple System Operators] owned the last mile connectivity to the home. They also had geographic monopolies awarded by municipalities. This created an industry with one of the lowest levels of customer satisfaction and service. Waiting for “the cable guy” became a cliché for bad customer service, second to none in poor ratings. This has always been the rap against the industry. Now, with developing alternatives and new media consumption patterns, even though the MSOs have improved service dramatically, the bad taste of poor customer service from the past lingers. No customer emotional loyalty at all. Not a good place to be at a time of fundamental technological change. After three decades of explosive growth the tide is turning against them. Of the “three play” products- landline phones, TV networks and Internet connections- one is rapidly disappearing, another is being accessed outside the home and the third is going to be challenged by companies outside the MSO industry. The MSO cable business is a 20th century business that is now facing the technological realities of the 21st century. It occurred to me that 100 years ago ATT stood for American Telephone and Telegraph Company. The name incorporated the dominant and new communication technologies; one from the 19th century and one from the 20th century. So the “two-play” of a century ago is a historical parallel to the “three-play” of the cable industry today. What happened to AT&T/ATT? It is, of course, out of the telegraph business and largely out of the landline phone business and into the 30-year old cellular phone business where it seems to be doing quite well. What will the leaders of cable MSOs do in the next 10-15 years? Will they look ahead and fully go down the path of reinvention as AT&T obviously did albeit over a much longer time. Or will the embedded sense of being entitled monopolies keep them from transformation? The politically powerful cable industry has largely had its way in the political arena during the last 20 years. Politicians did not want to mess with their constituent’s addiction to TV, nor lose all the platforms for on-screen exposure the MSOs provided them. Now, the Internet powerhouse companies are winning the lobbying game. This is similar to the failure of the movie industry to win the copyright regulation of the Internet when millions of Internet connected consumers responded to calls from Wikipedia, Reddit, Google and others to send messages to Congress that the Internet should be kept “free”. As a long time student of media and having spent some 20+ years in media and entertainment, I know the truism that old media does not go away when new media comes into being. There is just more categories of media and they get sliced ever more thinly. However, dominance moves to the newer media. Newspapers ruled the roost, then had to share with magazines. Then they had to share with radio, which led to television and then cable television. Then all of them were ushered into the Internet Age – really the high speed wireless Internet Age- and the slaughter began. The Internet is the connective tissue of all media, let alone society and the global economy. The MSO business will be a big and lucrative one for years to come. That said, it is inevitably entering a decline. Whether this is a rapid or slow decline depends on how the industry adapts and if they do it with speed. That decline will of course trigger new economic realities for all television networks. Unbundling, cord-cutting, streaming, infinite content ever more available anywhere and anytime and often free are realities that force the MSO industry to redefine its business model, how it interacts with old customers and how it attracts new customers, if there are any. It has been a wonderful, transformative, incredibly lucrative 40-year era for the MSOs and the networks that benefited from the must carry, digitally expansive television landscape. I was fortunate to be part of the early years of cable with the launch of MTV, VH1, Nickelodeon and CNN Headline News. That time now feels almost prehistoric when viewed from the high- speed wireless world of handheld devices of 2015. It was a great run. How much longer might it last? Prev: 2015: So Here We Go! Elon Musk: The Edison/Tesla/Westinghouse/Ford/Rockefeller/Bell/Goddard of the Digital Age: Next Moving to a Finite Earth Economy – Crew ManualThe Center is not HoldingThe Three EconomiesElon Musk: The Edison/Tesla/Westinghouse/Ford/Rockefeller/Bell/Goddard of the Digital Age – Part TwoElon Musk: The Edison/Tesla/Westinghouse/Ford/Rockefeller/Bell/Goddard of the Digital Age In times of global uncertainty and disruption it takes a futurist to provide context and understanding. Sign up for the weekly blog and the 6x a year Newsletter. The Shift Age Newsletter David Houle is a renowned futurist, speaker, and thinker. David has won numerous awards including Speaker of the Year award from Vistage International, the leading organization of CEOs in the world. He is often called the “CEOs’ futurist” having spoken to or advised 2,500+ CEOs and business owners in the past seven years. © 2019 David Houle \| david@davidhoule.com Photos \| Mark Hines interactive design + development = what2design Recent EvolutionShift Posts Moving to a Finite Earth Economy – Crew Manual June 18th, 2019 The Center is not Holding June 4th, 2019 The Three Economies May 21st, 2019 Popular EvolutionShift Categories	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1137
__label__cc	0.587254	0.412746	Subscribe now to hear the podcast Please become a member or login to view the Bonus Show –On the Show: –Dr. Marty Makary, Johns Hopkins surgeon and author of the forthcoming book “The Price We Pay: What Broke American Health Care–and How to Fix It,” joins David to discuss our broken healthcare system –A warning to the left not to destroy ourselves is outlined after a very destructive live call during last week’s Democratic debate live stream –The YouTube demonetization fiasco continues to grow and become even more absurd –Not surprisingly, post-debate polling show Joe Biden down, Kamala Harris up big, Bernie and Warren up slightly, and many candidates unchanged –A pregnant woman is shot in the stomach, leading to the loss of her fetus, and she has been indicted for manslaughter as a result –Voicemail caller wonders why Proud Boys founder Gavin McInnes is allowed to advertise on YouTube –On the Bonus Show: Trump new Press Secy in a scuffle in North Korea, trucker drive time laws to be relaxed, political cartoonist laid off over Trump cartoon, much more… –Become a Supporter: https://www.davidpakman.com/membership –Follow us on Twitter: http://twitter.com/davidpakmanshow –Subscribe on YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/thedavidpakmanshow –Like us on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/davidpakmanshow –Leave us a message at The David Pakman Show Voicemail Line (219)-2DAVIDP	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1138
__label__cc	0.579241	0.420759	Kentucky Got A Hobbled PJ Washington Back On The Floor, And That Was Enough Luis Paez-Pumar Filed to: Kentucky WildcatsFiled to: Kentucky Wildcats PJ Washington ncaa tournament 2019 Photo: Jamie Squire (Getty Images) Kentucky was only supposed to get 15 minutes from PJ Washington on Friday. The Wildcats’ star player had been out since spraining his left foot back on March 16, in the semifinals of the SEC Tournament against Tennessee. He had missed both of Kentucky’s first two NCAA Tournament games, a stomping of 15-seed Abilene Christian and a close shave against 7-seed Wofford. Hell, even on Friday, Washington’s status was unclear, with an assumption that, if he played, it would be on a 15-minute restriction as Kentucky faced off against Houston in the Sweet 16. And yet, when it was all said and done, and Kentucky had escaped another tough challenge with a 62-58 victory, it was Washington who provided the spark, with 16 points on 6-of-8 shooting in an unexpected 26 minutes of action off the bench. He started off with a fancy turnaround jumper over two Cougars with his first touch, an early harbinger of what would be a long night in the post for Houston defenders: Washington owned the low block against the Cougars, throwing down two-handed jams in traffic and a variety of jump hooks, including one with 55 seconds left that got Kentucky back within one point, at 58-57: He also helped set up the Wildcats’ most important play of the game on the other end of the floor shortly after that, with a massive block on Houston’s Corey Davis Jr. that led to a Tyler Herro three-pointer, putting Kentucky up 60-58 with 26 seconds left; they would not allow Houston to score again. It wasn’t all good, though; after the game, Washington admitted that the foot injury flared up during his slicing of Houston’s defense, telling reporters that the injury “kind of started hurting in the second half, but I just suffered through it. I’m definitely going back to get some treatment after this and get a good night’s sleep.” That’s not really what you want to hear from your star player, particularly when the SEC Tournament champions are waiting in the next round: after Auburn dispatched North Carolina in the Sweet 16, the Midwest region has an all-SEC final for a spot in the Final Four. Of course, Auburn will be facing its own star’s injury, as leading rebounder Chuma Okeke had a nasty knee injury that Auburn fears will be serious enough to keep him out of the rest of the tournament, if not even longer. If Washington can bring similar energy on Sunday as he did on Friday, perhaps with a little less suffering, it won’t matter who lines up on the other side. The SEC first-teamer is enough of a force, and the Wildcats rely on him so much, that his return might push them not just into the Final Four, but towards Kentucky’s first national championship since 2012. Cats Prove They’re Better Than Dogs Auburn Flushed North Carolina Down The Toilet With Frightening Ease Zion Williamson Puts On Another Show And Duke Wins Thanks To Another Blown Buzzer-Beater Staff Writer at Deadspin Two of the year's best performances are being pushed for the wrong Oscar categories A.A. Dowd Study: Black Girls Feel the Impact of 'Adultification,' Especially in School What A Race Car Crash Does To Your Brain Stef Schrader Recent from Luis Paez-Pumar Josef Martínez Dribbled Two Houston Dynamo Players Into An Early Grave Bolton Wanderers Players And Coaches Have Not Been Paid In Four Months Matthijs de Ligt's Transfer To Juventus Might Be The Most Important Move Of The Summer	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1141
__label__wiki	0.639974	0.639974	Home Visual Arts Fall Preview: October Fall Preview: October A West Coast premiere for Belkis Ayón, recent acquisitions in Florida, and a retrospective for designer Narciso Rodríguez Belkis Ayón, La cena (The Supper), 1991 Courtesy Fowler Museum at UCLA, collection of the Belkis Ayón Estate Following our preview for September, October brings a trio of firsts: the first solo US museum exhibition for Belkis Ayón, the first museum retrospective for designer Narciso Rodríguez, and the first in a series of Cuba-focused shows in Tampa. And Carlos Martiel joins a show of body transformation at the Frost. October 2: Los Angeles Nkame: A Retrospective of Cuban Printmaker Belkis Ayón Fowler Museum at UCLA The Fowler Museum takes an emphatically non-European perspective to global arts and culture, and makes a point of presenting international contemporary artists within the contexts of politics, culture, and social action. That makes it an exemplary home for the first solo US museum exhibition of Belkis Ayón. Guest-curated by Havana-based independent curator and critic Cristina Vives, Nkame pays careful attention not only to the artist’s printmaking techniques, which incorporated a variety of materials and textures, but to her involvement with Abakuá, the secret, all-male Afro-Cuban society that she explored through her work. Belkis Ayón, Veneración (Veneration), c. 1986 The show is organized in conjunction with the Belkis Ayón Estate, and covers her print production from 1984 until her untimely death in 1999. Works on view include large-scale pieces made by joining multiple printed sheets. On view through February 12. A sketch by Narciso Rodríguez Courtesy Frost Art Museum October 9: Miami Narciso Rodriguez: An Exercise in Minimalism He caught the eye of the world in 1996 with the bias-cut wedding dress worn by Carolyn Bessette when she married John F. Kennedy, Jr. And again, 12 years later, when Michelle Obama wore a black-and-red dress from his collection on that historic election night in 2008. At the Frost Art Museum, Narciso Rodríguez: An Exercise in Minimalism is the designer’s first solo museum show, and the Frost’s first venture into couture exhibition. Narciso Rodríguez in his studio. The exhibition features 50 designs created under Rodríguez’s own label. All share the strong sense of color and the geometric yet fluid lines that have distinguished the designer’s work over the past two decades. The show also includes a selection of artworks that complement the clothing, and that have inspired many his designs—including the art of Carmen Herrera, which was the springboard for a mini-collection in 2012. A design by Narciso Rodríguez from the Fall 2015 collection On view through January 8. Also at the Frost, October 22 Pierce, Mark, Morph This exhibition picks up on current popular trends in body transformation—tattoos, piercings, and other markings—and amplifies them through art. The show includes an array of pre-Columbian sculptures, selected for their piercings, cranial modifications, and other bodily changes—along with work by contemporary artists for whom the body is a creative medium. Carlos Martiel performing Vanishing Point, 2013 Photo: Steve Turner, courtesy Frost Art Museum Among the contemporary artists is Carlos Martiel, who is represented by a 2013 video of his performance Vanishing Point, and photographs from that performance. Mabel Poblet, Simplemente Bella (Simply Beautiful), 2013 Courtesy artempocuba.com October 8: Tampa Complicated Beauty: Contemporary Cuban Art Tampa Museum of Art The first in a series of Cuban art exhibitions at the museum, Complicated Beautyshowcases recent additions to the collection—among them, Simply Beautiful by Mabel Poblet and Cada sonido es una forma del tiempo (Every Sound is a Shape of Time) by Glenda León. (See our interview with León here.) Pianist Aldo López Gavilán performs Cada sonido es una forma del tiempo (Every Sound is a Shape of Time), a sound-concert project scored by Glenda León, presented in 2015 as part of the 12th Havana Biennial. Courtesy Glenda León In organizing the show, the Tampa Museum of Art has teamed up with the Bronx Museum of the Arts and several private collections, with works on loan that trace the development of contemporary Cuban art from the 1970s to the present in some 50 artworks. The show’s more than 20 artists include José Bedia, Tania Bruguera, Los Carpinteros, Pedro Pablo Oliva, Diana Fonseca Quiñones, Sandra Ramos, and Lázaro Saavedra. On view through January 22.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1143
__label__cc	0.708128	0.291872	I have written in the past about what I call “Operation Fantasy Land.” I surmised that to the extent that Intelligence has been promoting and publicizing analysis of media fakery (and even creating an entire clueless forum devoted to the topic), they are using it to misdirect. One method of misdirection is to take it too far and lead us off into fantasy land, where we throw the baby of truth out with the bathwater of lies. Once a person comes to the realization that they have been surrounded their entire lives with an endless menagerie of lies, it is easier to convince them that the Earth is flat or that rockets can’t work in a vacuum and therefore we’ve never launched anything into space. While I personally don’t believe either of those things are true, I could not really pinpoint where the lies end and the truth begins. I’m damned certain that Space-X didn’t launch a car into space on its way to Mars, and I’m nearly certain the Apollo imagery of men walking and riding on the moon was all faked. And I’ve also seen enough analysis of some footage from ISS to know there is fakery afoot there. But does that mean, for example, that all of the ISS imagery is faked? That nobody is really up in that tin can? Does it mean that there is no ISS and the thing we can observe through our backyard telescopes zooming through the sky is an elaborate hoax? Could be. If “Operation Fantasy Land” is a thing, then it means that fake imagery can be produced on purpose even if the thing it supposedly depicts is real. Here is how I put it in the past: “We see the same thing with faked NASA imagery. They are using that imagery (and, I now suspect, deliberately creating obviously fake imagery) in order to misdirect people into the Flat Earth fantasy land. Just because some NASA footage is faked, doesn’t necessarily mean that all footage is faked. And even if all footage is faked, it doesn’t necessarily follow that the Earth is flat or that NASA can’t even so much as launch a satellite into space. In those examples, it’s very easy to see how the conclusions do not follow from the premises. But in other cases, it isn’t because the inferential leap is much smaller and usually more logical.” Honestly, I’ve never really cared enough about this issue to really dig in to it and try to figure out where is the frontier between lies and truth. Nor am I willing to just throw my hands up and declare it all fake. But perhaps the readers of this blog would like to take a crack at it. There was a long discussion in the comments of the ‘Defense of Miles Mathis’ thread (I would say it kicks off right around this comment here), and so at Jared’s suggestion I decided to devote a new post for discussion about these types of issues. He is the one who created the fake space image above using compositing. Keep in mind that promotion of Flat Earth in this thread will be grounds for immediate suspension of commenting privileges. Here I’ll paste the most recent and relevant comments related to the question of whether it is even possible to lift heavy objects (like the Hubble telescope) into space. That conversation starts here, but there is more in the comments section below that about other topics as well. At the bottom I conclude with a request and suggestion for continuing this part of the conversation. Rolleikin: My belief is that Hubble is just another piece of fairy tale hardware like moon buggies and Mars rovers. There are ground based photos of the heavens that rival “Hubble images” and there are also aircraft like this … https://www.sofia.usra.edu/multimedia/about-sofia/sofia-aircraft … not to mention good old computer generated imagery. But, there I go starting another argument, I suppose. Jared (in reply to Rolleikin): We don’t really have any hard evidence that Hubble is fake, do we? I mean some technical holes, but I remain unconvinced. Why? Two reasons. One. we have other mainstream devices and observatories spitting out tons of excellent data and imagery to compare it with. The Solar Dynamic Observatory for example – which spits out new images of the sun in every spectrum, every day, and has for eight years now. And they’re really good pictures too. https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/ Could they just have some dudes on staff to crank out new CGI art every day? Or a complex computer program to spit it out? Maybe. But take a look at those pics and tell me what you think. And second, because I’m in CGI, and as I mentioned above this image and most of what we see from Hubble is not remotely like what the tools allow. I do a lot of particle physics stuff (mostly to try to demonstrate Miles’ theories) too and it would take me a LOT of work to come even close to that image, and I would still be able to tell it was faked. My guess is most of you would, too. I try to hit SOME level of realism but the tools aren’t geared towards such massive space sims in that fashion. Here’s what I mean. though sure there are people far more skilled than I in the field and sure if they pay them the big bucks to slave over it, they would achieve better results since they wouldn’t have to work otherwise to make a living, but: Please don’t get me wrong, I don’t blindly follow anything. Especially from the mainstream! But unless someone could explain how or show me where that pic above of the center of the galaxy environs was faked, I remain skeptical but content with it as data to discuss for now. Andrea (in reply to rolleikin): Unfortunately I agree with you. I say unfortunately because I rather would believe that all these technical achievements are true. The Hubble is a big disappointment for me. Mathematically it is IMPOSSIBLE to bring 11 tons into low earth orbit (LEO). I encourage you to do the math. Allegedly, they repaired it in space sending the shuttle, which is even heavier and has to return to earth. Twice impossible! The repairs lasted four hours in sunlight. What about the orbit? They are supposed to go from sun to shadow every hour or so, not every five. I am formulating it vaguely because NASA gives typically contradictory data (which is suspicious, if you only need to read them, but is the result of contradictions that come up). How do they cool the instruments or the astronauts in space? Lastly, why do you need a telescope on a plane, if you have Hubble? I’m confused about your information regarding Hubble and its (assumed, alleged) launch. Hubble: Launch mass 11,110 kg (24,490 lb)[1] Discovery: Payload to LEO 27,500 kg (60,600 lb) Given the mission statements, the space shuttle DIscovery had more than enough leftover delta-V to take up Hubble AND these secondary payloads: “Secondary payloads included the IMAX Cargo Bay Camera (ICBC) to document operations outside the crew cabin and a handheld IMAX camera for use inside the orbiter. Also included were the Ascent Particle Monitor (APM) to detect particulate matter in the payload bay; a Protein Crystal Growth (PCG) experiment to provide data on growing protein crystals in microgravity, Radiation Monitoring Equipment III (RME III) to measure gamma ray levels in the crew cabin; Investigations into Polymer Membrane Processing (IPMP) to determine porosity control in the microgravity environment, and an Air Force Maui Optical Site (AMOS) experiment.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-31#Mission_highlights I’m not defending NASA or whatever here out of hand, but I don’t know if I’m ready to jettison the space shuttle yet. I don’t see why the Gravity Turn isn’t a viable approach to Low-Earth-Orbit, and that’s the Shuttle’s main role really. You can’t do it sooner because those boosters and tank need to drop off clean, and the best way to do that safely is still in the vertical ascent. So the Shuttle does the Turn after that, which is where it begins to outrun the Earth’s gravity. That’s the story, anyway. The Shuttle doesn’t have to haul 12 tons up to space by itself. Most of the acceleration is still being done by the boosters, the real heavy lifting. Andrea: I understand your confusion very well! Years ago I was calculating the Apollo flights to understand once and for all if it was possible or not to fly to the moon. I don’t know enough of photography to judge if the pictures are photoshopped or not, but I am an engineer by education, so numbers are my thing! What I realized was shocking: not only it is not possible to fly to the moon, it is not even possible to send manned stations to LEO! I started searching the internet to see if someone else had discovered the problem. And this is how I discovered Miles!! Obviously, Miles doesn’t address the math of rockets but I found his physics stuff very interesting. Only later I looked into his „art“ papers. Since we now understand the amount of fakery, it is not that much surprising that most of nasa is a hollywood or walt disney production… The question is finally, what is real and what not? I think it is realistic to assume that a rocket can reach orbit or fly into the solar system. With a small cargo (one or two tons at most). The ratio cargo to rocket should be 1,5% at most for LEO, much less for interstellar missions. All Apollo missions are thus fake, all russian, chinese, Indian missions are fake, the ISS is fake, Hubble is fake. However I assume that a few hundred small satellites are real. So they can provide real pictures. It is not possible to come back or land on a planet or a moon or a comet. It requires even more energy. So all rovers on planets are fake. There is no doubt about that. If someone among the readers is upset by my statements, and thinks otherwise, please provide your numbers. I will gladly tear them apart, one by one. Russell Taylor: Andrea…. I tend to agree after I watched a brilliant lecture showing the math behind rocket launches but as with most of the YouTube video’s I have watched on controversial subject, they no longer seem to exist. YouTube censorship in action? The man was showing the impossibility of getting those Shuttle payloads into orbit. We have to believe the numbers NASA give for gross lift off weights and payloads as they are the ones who should know. Believe NASA? I can’t believe I just said that! But they lie about so many things how can we believe the numbers? This is the description of the first Hubble servicing mission: https://asd.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/hubble/missions/sm1.html Notice they say a few small mirrors the size of a nickel were needed, then say the thing was the size of a telephone booth. So what size was it? Tiny or huge? Maybe the booth was filled with special space engineers? Maybe it was a huge toolkit? Maybe it was a mobile canteen for the engineers to shower and get something to eat & drink? This weapon is for use in the lower atmosphere but would be far more efficient and useful in space. https://www.livescience.com/60029-how-futuristic-laser-weapons-use-telephone-tech.html I must politely disagree with both of you, and would like to see the math you’re using so we can find where it went wrong. Orbital dynamics are about acceleration – ▲v (delta-v) or “change in velocity”. A space-launching craft’s limits are defined by its total ▲v-budget, which is a measure of its acceleration of course, but also a measure of its acceleration against its thrust-to-weight ratio since we have two MORE changes over time. First, the TWR increases dramatically as fuel is used, increasing the acceleration also dramatically. That’s what the gravity turn is. You hit the point of diminishing returns on atmospheric escape, and you turn perpendicular to “outpace” the pull of gravity. You’re up high enough to negate most of the drag of the atmosphere when you begin the turn. The Space Shuttle’s ▲v budget was more than enough on paper to pull LEO with 55,000 pounds of cargo. “The Space Shuttle weighed 165,000 pounds empty. Its external tank weighed 78,100 pounds empty and its two solid rocket boosters weighed 185,000 pounds empty each. Each solid rocket booster held 1.1 million pounds of fuel.” The combined mass fully fueled is said to be “4,470,000 lb”, or 2,070 tons. Hubble was said to be 24,490 pounds. That makes Hubble just over HALF a percent of the total weight, at .0054. “The ratio cargo to rocket should be 1,5% at most for LEO” So even by your own math and logic, Hubble is 1/3 of that ratio. Even with the rest of the cargo for that mission it would have been barely 1%. Please find numbers in kg, m/s etc. otherwise it becomes very confusing. Nasa does it on purpose this way, you hardly find two numbers that match. Then we go over it together. It’s not confusing, just simple division. We don’t need velocity in these ratios at all. You said “ratio” previously so that’s what I did. It is just percentages, which are ratios. It doesn’t matter which metric you use as long as you use the same metric for your division. The ratio is the same no matter if you use pounds, grams, stones, or copper pfennigs. Hubble mass / total Shuttle mass = .5%, or ~½ a percent. 24,490 / 4,470,000 = 0.00548 .005 = .5% You stated previously: Thus: .5 / 1.5 = .333, which is 1/3. Hubble is one-third of the mass limit you defined and less than half of Discovery’s payload limit of 55,000, which is also still below 1.5%. We can check that for you as well if you like: .012 = 1.2% So even according to your premise, the Shuttle at max payload is still well below that “ratio cargo to rocket”. The Shuttle could have carried almost 3 Hubbles, if it could have fit them in the cargo bay. This is why I was confused about your math, because it doesn’t seem like you did any when forming your premise that they couldn’t have launched it or the following repair equipment. The reason I tend to agree with Andrea that the figures are made up is because the person I saw a few years ago, giving the talk was highly qualified in another area, jet propulsion I believe, and just couldn’t believe the figures he was seeing in NASAs descriptions. He analysed it in the same way Miles does and proved it didn’t make sense. But then you try to find his video and it’s gone. In it’s place are several video’s showing the same disbelief but by people who seem spooky, like they are unsure of their own math, as if they are black-washing the whole idea…or to put it another way deliberately making themselves look stupid. We never see how far technology has progressed. The stuff they show in the media is probably 10 or more years out of date. Perfect example is the F117 Stealth bomber. No one knew it existed until someone took a blurry photo thinking it was a UFO. It wasn’t revealed to the public until 10 years later but this was 20 years after it was first test flown and put into production. So if they are showing Humvee mounted crowd dispersing microwave weapons and admitting using them in the Iraq wars, and also laser weapons shooting down full sized drone aircraft, then I wonder what else they have up their sleeves? How far have they developed these weapons? Over the years there have been several maintenance missions to the Hubble, to do what exactly? Its a telescope with several specialist cameras. So why the multiple multi-million dollar missions to do what….change the flippin’ batteries? Clean the lenses? I don’t doubt they send stuff up there but to make the ISS completely believable for the continued in-pouring of tax-dollars, I believe they fudge the numbers, sending up maybe 4 ton loads not 29 tons at a time. They did the same trick with the Apollo 11 numbers where they brought back lots of heavy rock yet used a tiny amount of fuel to push back into lunar orbit, including lining up to rendezvous with the orbiter. With about the same computing power as a ZX81. To push the fakery a bit more, they say the thrust when landing didn’t move a lot of dust because in a vacuum the jet efflux disperses as soon as it exits the exhaust nozzle. Pack of lies! Watch a video of the jet thrusters on the Shuttle keeping the thing flying straight. The burnt gas can clearly be seen exiting straight out from the thrusters and continuing in a straight line. It does not disperse in the way NASA describe….not that we need to travel down that endless avenue of deceit in this thread… They lie about everything… isn’t that what Miles says? Jared, this is supposed to be fun! Before we start, think to a Las Vegas magic show. The magician will show you a lot of (irrelevant) details and conceal the trick. Nasa is doing very smart tricks. They do it under our nose, but they are smart, intelligent and experienced. Miles showed us that most of the time the mathematicians write equations that are not properly defined in order to extrapolate whatever result they need. If I wrote „3=7 and therefore if follows…“ everyone would call the contradiction. If I hide the same equation in a very complex formula, hardly anyone will notice. I asked you to pick your numbers and I will be very generous with the assumptions. While the correct ratio is likely more 0.5% I don’t mind if we assume 1.5% will work as well. We have to start somewhere and I am willing to agree on a lot of numbers, even though I might know better. To begin the show we need a fully loaded cargo and assume it can reach orbit. Don’t be too impatient, the topic is complex! I mean the show began already and in that show, I showed the math twice and it fell well below your personal limit of feasibility at 1.5%, so I don’t know why you can’t just admit that. It was simple math, so you don’t need to hedge on this topic. I refuse to believe one simple division is beyond your capacity. You’re hedging out of pride is all. It’s okay to be wrong – I try to do it at least once a day myself, just to keep some measure of humility. In addition, I have logged thousands of flight tests and orbital tests in the best simulator around, KSP. Most of the craft we designed failed to get to orbit, by pilot error or design error or both. But once you dial in your ▲v-budget properly and get your gravity turn right, it’s really not that hard to get into ANY orbit. I’ve done countless Hohmann Transfers, orbit-matching, and even docking procedures as well. Landed on the Mun, and other planets too, all using existing rocketry techniques. Some fiction is involved with futuristic add-ons such as the HX and OPT-Spaceplane parts, and MechJeb automation, but it’s all based on actual, real mechanics and actual, real physics. They of course don’t have the charge field and use the modified Pi just as the mainstream does, but otherwise it is dead-on accurate and easily the most accurate simulator available. The hardest orbits to achieve are with spaceplanes, since you have to fly into your gravity turn in a different way. You have to get up fast enough and hard enough but not vertically, and hit that 2,200 m/s velocity laterally, switching between air-breathing engines and rocketry modes, and still have enough remaining ▲v to circularize the orbit once you get up there. It’s much more difficult – and this may be why there are no spaceplanes yet, in reality too. It’s MUCH more difficult to pull off. What this means is that the math and physics for achieving orbit are real and work. Miles has added to this and fixed big parts of it, but to claim that they don’t work means one hasn’t studied the topic, and is just putting faith in… Someone else who hasn’t studied it very well. This doesn’t mean by any stretch that everything they tell us about the space programs and satellites and telescopes and the ISS is true, it simply means that orbital mechanics are real and we can even prove it just by watching the moon for a few months. The moon orbits the Earth, remember? Real. And of course we need velocities. To reach LEO nasa tells us we need a speed of 9.3 to 10 km/s. Pick your favorite. We don’t know the direction of the speed, it could be orbital velocity, or tangential velocity or a combination. From Miles paper you should know that he found plenty of problems in the definition of orbital velocity. All, that applies to small objects, applies to rockets as well. Pick your favorite again. At start the air friction is very relevant, so rockets start vertically, then go tangential over 20-30 km, where the atmosphere is very this. We don’t at which height they turn, pick your choice. Delta-v is an approximation without air friction, in open space. Never mind, we will just ignore friction. The logic behind the formula is that of action equal reaction. If we let a rocket engine fire in one direction, we will get an acceleration in the opposite direction. The mass of the carburant on one side times the speed is equal to mass of the rocket on the other side times another speed. The problem is more complex by the fact that the carburant is cargo at the beginning so you need to accelerate stuff that you are going to burn. Never mind, for our imaginary rocket we will assume that the acceleration is instantaneous! This, I hope you realize it, is a great simplification. Coincidentally the same assumption is also included in the delta-v formula. In other words, if you use it you are assuming the rocket is accelerating to the final speed without air friction, in an instant. I am accepting all these parameters, but understand we are being very generous. For our imaginary rocket we need a starting mass, a final speed, a final orbit height. Pick your favorites. You don’t appear to be reading my responses anymore, so I’ll go ahead and let you play your orbital mechanics game on your own, my dear. Being able to admit when we’re wrong is the most important thing when studying and hypothesizing science. If we can’t do that, it’s going to be difficult to learn anything or teach anything, which is the point of these conversations, wouldn’t you say? Do you genuinely want to learn about orbital dynamics, or do you just want to be right about something we already showed you were wrong about? You’re misdirecting away from the simple math at this point. From there things started to devolve into accusations. I’d like us to try not to pull off that path and stick to substance. It seems to me that Jared’s math has not been shown to be wrong. If it is, then it should be easy to show, even if the topic is complicated. Andrea, you said you already did the math in the past and found that it doesn’t work out–there’s no way they could have brought the hubble into orbit. Would it be too much for you to respond to Jared’s calculations with calculations of your own? There is no rush to provide a substantive response if you need more time. 1368 thoughts on “Space Fakery: The Final Frontier” As told in this video, early spy satellites allegedly used film photography. After shooting their targets, they dropped the film in “buckets” which were then retrieved by planes flying below. How these buckets coped with the heat of reentry is not explained. Wouldn’t they be traveling at 17,000 mph like the sats they came from? Nor is it explained how they reloaded film into the cameras that were still in orbit or what exact type of film was used and how it coped with increased radiation in space. Of course, there were high altitude spy planes flying at the same time (e.g., U2, SR71) so why they were even using satellites for this purpose is also not explained. The title of this video is, “You won’t believe how the first spy satellites worked” and they are right about that. 🙂 Apparently, the return capsule really used a “retro-rocket” to decelerate. There is also a heat shield and parachutes. Early versions only carried one reentry vehicle. Later versions had two. But after the capsules where gone the satellite was practically spacejunk. Do you believe that this system was actually used, Ollie? This whole thing (the machine and the necessary orbital maneuvers) seems really complex for a spacecraft that was in use only 2 years after the Soviets launched the first satellite ever. The complicated mechanisms have to withstand the vibrations and forces during the launch. And there must have been extensive testing to get the timing and the applied thrust during maneuvering right. It would really be a technological marvel of its time if it’s real. ftp://ftp.uni-koeln.de/pc/basp/Auelmann.pdf Another aspect of the whole spy satellite thing came to mined. If all the countries are in cahoots with each other and there are no real enemies …. then why would anybody need to spy on anybody in the 1st place? They probably just said they were spying. They never needed spy satellites and they never needed spy planes. For political espionage purposes, anyway. The timelines for satellites and for spy planes are roughly the same. Spy planes began flying when satellites began orbiting. My suspicion is that “spy planes” have always been used primarily to fake satellites. That is, high altitude plane photos are passed off as satellite photos. I should have said “WERE passed off as satellite photos” since they can now use computer generated images instead. In connection with what Tony said, if the Cherokee Indians (indigenous or not?) originated from the Middle East and are of Jewish descent, then what can we make of the European invaders massacre of those peoples? If it was the rich Jewish bankers, merchants and mining company owners who originally moved in and plundered the US, destroying the indigenous population, then isn’t that a perfect example of genocide? So the whole WWII show could have more truth behind it than we think. Do the elite Jews think of themselves as being above their own Semitic people in the religious hierarchy? Do they think of themselves as Gods now? “Do they think of themselves as Gods now?” It appears that way to me. Or, at least, some sort of higher life form. I think that is what all this superhero stuff coming out of Hollywood is about. Creating the idea that there are super beings worthy of being adored. it has always annoyed me why people – some people anyway – like being ruled over or led or governed. Why should we feel gracious to a queen who isn’t even English? She’s German!!! WTF its like there aren’t enough “normal”people out there. Normal people should be like ” Why the hell should she get to steal all our money and land” All those in the peerage are aware of this “game” and it is played out in front of us on a daily basis Why / how are there still royal families in this day and age?? UK, Monaco, Spain, Saudi to name but a few – why don’t we democratically nominate our illustrious leaders in the same way? Makes NO sense whatsoever Not really sure this is “Space Fakery” so much, but regarding “democratically nominate”, that’s just mob rule really. I mean, politics aside, do people really want the average idiot selecting their overlords? Why not remove the need for overlords and proceed as nature intended? lol good point well made I was just responding to that comment – maybe we need a “leadership/religion/government is bullshit” type blog too While looking up information on recent sunspot activity on the SDO site, I saw this: Makes me wonder what was happening with the sun those two years, that they’d want to “crash” or hide that data? Also, here’s the sun today with at least two sunspots visible (this side): I see at least 25. Other than the 2 big ones. Hmm, it’s hard to say now if you’re right or how exactly we define these spots. Here’s what I saw (circled in green) but I can see at least some of the spots you’re talking about (circled in blue?): Watching their little movie clip from yesterday we get a nice flare on the right side but it’s too short to see any sunspots. Still really cool: https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/dailymov/movie.php?q=20190624_1024_0171 Aren’t the blue ones sunspots? I mean maybe they would count? But that’s just in one spectrum, 193. If we look at all the other spectra, we don’t really see much going on in those smaller (blue circled by me) areas. I’m asking YOU what you think, and maybe you’re correct? 193, 171 composite: But then again if we watch the latest 48-hour video of 193, we can clearly see GREAT areas of sunspot activity – almost too many to count. So how large does it have to be TO count, you know? https://sdo.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/latest48.php?q=0193 Regardless, that’s a lot more activity than I think Miles and co. on the other forum are aware of. I always thought that a sunspot was any dark blemish on the sun. That’s the thing though – these aren’t ON the sun. These sunspots we’re seeing are way up, almost in the corona itself. And the patterns are in the extreme UV here, not in the visible range. So one couldn’t really even see these WITH a telescope, which makes me think that’s not what we’re looking for (at 193 for example). Either way, I agree that is what sunspots are supposed to be, I just don’t know how they counted up 4 of them when it looks like a LOT more activity than that to me as well. Just not sure. Point being, I was conflating the 193 angstrom view with actual sunspots. Now it can be affected or CAUSED by sunspots, but I think we should be looking at the photosphere itself to better identify what our eyes would see, you know? So at 1700 angstroms: Where: Temperature minimum and photosphere Wavelength: 1700 angstroms (0.00000017 m) = Far Ultraviolet Primary ions seen: Continuum Characteristic temperature: 6,000 K (11,000 F) And the 48-hour video of that spectrum: I see no such activity at all, but is that even the right spectrum to look in? I don’t know. Maybe someone will. Meanwhile, researching the topic: https://www.skyandtelescope.com/astronomy-news/how-astronomers-count-sunspots15022016513/ A multi-year investigation revealed errors in our understanding of the Sun. “..One of the things they found was an oddity in the Zürich Observatory’s sunspot index: it jumped sharply, by about 20%, in 1947. ” 1947, huh? “The index isn’t merely a matter of good record-keeping: it directly bears on solar science. For example, one of the revelations brought about by these fixes is that, contrary to what solar physicists had thought, solar activity has been relatively steady since the 1700s. That in turn changes how we think the Sun has been influencing solar weather and Earth’s climate.” Does it? My thinking hasn’t changed just now. “It was a great investigation, but one that isn’t finished yet. Furthermore, not everybody agrees on the new index. Because the new version unequivocally disproves the idea that the Sun has been getting progressively hotter over time, a number of the climate-change scientists who pin global warming on a hotter Sun oppose the new index.” Aaaaand, there’s the spin. So we’re no closer to knowing how sunspot activity is tracked, how accurate those numbers are, or what they really mean. As I’ve said before, a sunspot is a region of LESS emissions, so it seems like the more sunspots, the less overall photons reaching us. But is that true only in ultraviolet spectra? That’s what I’m seeing here as my first-run through. If sunspots are UV-gaps in the field, we shouldn’t really mind them and they shouldn’t have much effect otherwise. I very well could be wrong. Too bad we didn’t have a Charge-Ometer that we could just stick it in the ground and measured the charge of the earth. We could measure gravity so why not charge? I guess we would have to get old Nicholas Tesla on that one. Alas, Tesla couldn’t have helped us out either. He was cool and I like the guy (though I’m ready to toss him in with the rest, if anyone bothers to research him), but he only got partway “there” and his additions to the field really weren’t that great. I mean, compared to the theory Mathis has given us. Not that it’s a competition, I just don’t idolize Tesla for failing to finish his work, or failing to identify charge. Miles has. Now we have a newer, FAR more solid theory than anything Tesla, Edison, Maxwell, or the rest have ever given us. He’s done MORE WORK. But to respond to your suggestion, we DO have “Charge-o-Meters” already, and they come in many different forms! Charge is just photons. It’s conflated with the E/M field (but really underlies it) and also with heat (which is charge density), so we do have devices for these measurements already! Literally thousands of them: https://www.amazon.com/Best-Sellers-Industrial-Scientific-EMF-Meters/zgbs/industrial/5011676011 I always wanted one of those. But I think those would pick up all the charge around…. even the Wi-Fi and other things like house wiring…. wiring from telephone poles etc. I’m not saying that this story is true but I read that Nicholas Tesla had a little box that he put in a electric car and drove from New York City to upstate New York and back not changing to another box. Was this little device (if it’s a true story) tapped into the charge of the earth? Tesla is mostly just similar mythology, in my opinion. Though I don’t despise him like Bohr, Heisenberg, and the rest, the people AROUND him are the ones spinning him more often than not: “In 1931, so the story goes, Tesla took his nephew to a garage in Buffalo, New York, and showed him a modified Pierce-Arrow automobile. The car’s ‘cosmic energy power receiver’ – a black box with 12 vacuum tubes – was connected to a long antenna. The car was said to have been driven for about 80 km at speeds of up to 140 km/h during an eight-day road test. Tesla allegedly said the device would power the car forever, and also supply the needs of a household “with power to spare”. It is a fact that in 1898 Tesla filed a patent for a “method of and apparatus for controlling mechanism of moving vessels or vehicles”. But four major problems with the story emerge. First, no physical evidence of such a car as described by Savo has ever been produced. Second, Tesla did not have a nephew named Peter Savo. Third, Tesla’s grand-nephew William Terbo has said the electric car story is a fabrication. Fourth, despite eight decades of progress in physics, no evidence of this ‘aetheric power’ has ever been detected. ” https://cosmosmagazine.com/technology/did-nikola-tesla-build-a-revolutionary-electric-car Of course, they’re dead wrong on the last sentence. There were no “eight decades of progress in physics”, there’s only the last 1015, and then anything that might be considered useful before 1925. That’s over 75 years of absolute bullshit, in physics. I guess deep down inside we all wish that something like that is possible. Does anybody out there think that that’s possible In the future. It does seem like there is energy all over the place…. if you were able to capture it. Tony: There lies a whole ocean of confusion and misdirection. Try this. It is so pure and delicious, it makes me shiver every time I read it. I must be up to about 30 times now, it’s just so fascinating. http://milesmathis.com/seft.pdf I’m quite certain that people have already learned how to harness the charge field, though they don’t seem to really understand why their inventions work. That’s publicly. Whether there is deeper understanding underground so to speak is another question. There is a paper on Miles’ science site where he speculates on ‘operation ostrich.’ It’s towards the bottom of the main page. Here’s a very interesting application for harvesting energy from the charge field, assuming it’s genuine: https://revolution-green.com/earth-engine-claimed-3-years-40-kw-mechanical-energy-production-magnets/ Hmmmm! The problem with doing this kind of thing on Earth is gravity; especially thinking about Miles’ latest revelation about how it works. Gravity is going to be applying a constant drag to the moving magnets even in a near vacuum. Over time, this will slow the system but the production of power through induction also causes drag. I believe ‘back EMF’ in traction motors works this way. When you apply electrical power to a motor to turn it, you can only turn it slowly with the system creating it’s own electrical power. As you use more power to turn it more quickly, the motor itself starts to act like an alternator creating a lot of voltage which begins to oppose the input power. So the system becomes inefficient. New tech’ minimises this compared to 30 year old traction motors but I don’t think the problem went away. Marketing men can sound very convincing. What we call electricity, ‘is’ that free energy that’s whizzing around everywhere. They found a way to harness it and a way to make you pay dearly for it. Nothing new under the Sun! From that website: “The entire world will know of this motor soon, as a major US newspaper will publish the first story about it in April.” It seems like the entire world missed it, and “a major US newspaper” missed it too? Tony Martin said: “It does seem like there is energy all over the place…. if you were able to capture it.” That’s just the thing – most people, even engineers and “scientists” – don’t even know what energy actually IS. It’s mystical to them. It’s magic, essentially, even a century after Einstein’s famous equation told us almost precisely what energy was. E=mc². Energy is the transfer of momentum from one moving mass or body to another – that’s it. That’s all it is. There’s no “negative energy” because you can’t have a negative mass or a negative velocity. It’s always a collision of one body with another, period. So to build a device which would harness the ambient charge, the regular ol’ photons that constantly pour through reality, shouldn’t really be TOO hard. I mean every single plant or animal already IS such a device, you know? 😉 Maybe the story about Tesla and the car was planted there as misdirection and to blackwashe his work and to make it seem crazy and false so that nobody would think about free energy….. because it looks too stupid. Is the story about Tesla putting light bulbs in the ground and lighting them up true? Do you mean this story? That’s just a scene from “The Prestige”, a movie about smoke and mirror magic tricks. I couldn’t find anything concrete about Tesla ever doing anything like this, but I didn’t dig too hard. The Zal Rule applies: “If they’ve made a movie or major show about a topic, it’s most likely fake.” That’s what I mean…… they make things look ridiculous to hide the truth that he had something that actually did produce free energy. What about the tower in Long Island? But IS that the truth? Or is it just more smoke and mirrors? If Tesla were so profoundly talented with the E/M field, why didn’t he write the 300 or so papers that Miles wrote? Why didn’t he topple the existing physicist regime himself? They could not have stopped him from writing the papers, from presenting the ideas to SOMEONE in some way. From making a record of the theories and ideas. And yet, he did not do this. Miles did. From Miles paper on the CIA in physics: “So have the real physicists already discovered all the things I have written about? Maybe. I assume that all the real brains are hidden away somewhere—since they certainly aren’t in plain sight—so maybe they have already unwound everything I have and more. But possibly not. These guys are going to be kept very busy with applied physics, since it will be thought that new weapons are more likely to come out of applied physics than theoretical physics. In my experience, physicists pressed to create new hardware, software, or industrial products, including weaponry, are very unlikely to think to tear apart the old equations and start over. It probably won’t occur to them to tear apart Newton’s Principia like an old watch and rebuild it, as I have. It won’t occur to them to rebuild Laplace andLagrange, comb Relativity from the ground up, or to look for mathematical flaws in QED or QCD.After all, I have done all that and haven’t yet developed a better pop-gun, so what do they care? They would say, “Give me something I can use.” ” http://milesmathis.com/control.pdf Of course I don’t know whether any of the stories are true or not. But is it possible to create something or invent some device without knowing the actual physics and mathematics of it? Oh, it’s not only possible, it’s pretty much how EVERYTHING has been done, ever. Creating the bicycle didn’t require heavy physics, or the wheel, or fire, or telescopes, or almost any of our devices we use even today. The engineers still think electricity is based on electrons for cryin’ out loud – and yet, these things WORK. They’re really inefficient and ham-handed as a result but they do work! I’m not trying to be a pain in the ass…… and I’m not a Tesla worshipper. But the story goes that he used to visualize things in his head in meditation or at night time in dreams and then create them. It’s cool, I’m questioning along WITH you here, you’re not a pain in the ass at all. Or coming across as a fanatic. I just feel more and more like Tesla’s story (probably not the GUY) is just controlled misdirection. Like the way he’s presented, and how similar some of the modern “tech gurus” are like Musk and Gates and Zucky. “Like the way he’s presented, and how similar some of the modern “tech gurus” are like Musk and Gates and Zucky.” At least Tesler really made something…… not like those schmucks! Like the induction motor with a rotating magnetic field that made unit drives for machines feasible and made AC power transmission an economic necessity. ect.ect. You know the thing is….. I always had a fantasy of taking my free energy device into the wilderness and just live there happily ever after. That’s why I’m really mad if they stole that technology and hit it from humanity. 😦 No one should be offended that I don’t click the like button….. I’ve just decided not to click it because I like everything actually. My ‘like’ button hasn’t worked for ages; I’ve given up on it. I prefer telling someone what I think about their comment, as it gets the message across rather more accurately. To me, the word ‘like’ just means you don’t dislike. It’s a bit vague! Tesla? The only way to be sure is to talk to someone who knew the man. That probably isn’t doable any longer as Tesla died in 1943. Are there any interviews? Just thought I should mention that the 20th of this month will mark the 50th anniversary of the Apollo moon landing hoax, arguably the greatest space fakery event to date: The media will be (and already is) filled with special recognition of the event so perhaps some commentary of our own would be in order? Ramsay said: Rolleikin, Love your name. I want to put an F in front of it. I play scrabble with my wife each evening. 🙂 My dad worked for JPL. I grew up with the moon landing. Reading Dave McGowan’s work on the landing was a real gut wrenching page burner. Best writing ever. Funny. Witty. Packed with dot-connects. I was so sad to read Miles out him as a controlled writer, based on his serial killer conclusions. It was Dave McGowan who alerted me to the control of high-up, Washington ‘truth-teller’ and guru, John Judge. Anyway, if anyone wants a really good read about it all here is the link to a PDF: http://www.whale.to/c/Dave%20McGowan%20-%20Wagging%20The%20Moon%20Doggie.pdf I purchased one or two Documentaries about the making of the Apollo Lander and stuff. Hilarious. Some of the engineers were puzzled how their parts worked at all. I recently asked an old NASA mucky muck about the Van Allen radiation belt. He acted like I said nothing. Almost like he was in a trance. Or, maybe he did not hear me. Doubt it. I don’t remember seeing the clip you posted above. It’s a good one. I figure the pic showing NO marks of any kind on the ‘moon’s’ soft sand, under the Lander’s engine, ought to be a convincer all by itself. Kind of like Building 7 imploding at free-fall speed. Don’t need to see much else. I think wag the moondoggie is really pretty accurate. But I did find one thing that I think he got wrong. He gives credit to the Soviet union’s first In space Stuff. What he doesn’t realize (or if he does realize but is not mentioning) is the high probability that the Soviet Union was faking their own Space Crafts too! That’s probably the answer to everybody’s question of why didn’t the Soviet Union tell the world that the US was faking the moon project. Because they were faking their own stuff. I happen to have the list that he had. I posted it in other comments in different places. This is his list of IMO probably fake Soviet stuff that he promotes as real. Russian firsts in the years leading up to and during the alleged Apollo ·May 15, 1957 – The Soviet Union tests the R-7 Semyorka, the world’s first intercontinental ballistic missile. ·October 4, 1957 – The Soviets launch Sputnik 1, Earth’s first manmade satellite. ·November 3, 1957 – A dog named Laika becomes the first animal to enter Earth orbit aboard Sputnik 2. Unfortunately for Laika though, she isn’t booked for a return flight. ·January 2, 1959 – Luna 1 becomes the first manmade object to leave Earth’s orbit. ·September 13, 1959 – After an intentional crash landing, Luna 2 becomes the first manmade object on the Moon. ·October 6, 1959 – Luna 3 provides mankind with its first look at the far side of ·August 20, 1960 – Belka and Strelka, aboard Sputnik 5, are the first animals to safely return from Earth orbit. ·October 14, 1960 – Marsnik 1, the first probe sent from Earth to Mars, blasts off. ·February 12, 1961 – Venera 1, the first probe sent from Earth to Venus, blasts off. ·April 12, 1961 – Yuri Gagarin, riding aboard the Vostok 1, becomes the first man in Earth orbit. ·May 19, 1961 – Venera 1 performs the first ever fly-by of another planet (Venus). ·August 6, 1961 – Gherman Titov, aboard the Vostok 2, becomes the first man to spend over a day in space and the first to sleep in Earth orbit. ·August 11 & 12, 1962 – Vostok 3 and Vostok 4 are launched, the first simultaneous manned space flights (though they do not rendezvous). ·October 12, 1964 – Voskhod 1, carrying the world’s first multi-man crew, is launched. ·March 18, 1965 – Aleksei Leonov, riding aboard the Voskhod 2, performs the first space-walk. ·February 3, 1966 – Luna 9 becomes the first probe to make a controlled, ‘soft’ landing on the Moon. ·March 1, 1966 – Venera 3, launched November 16, 1965, becomes the first probe to impact another planet (Venus). ·April 3, 1966 – Luna 10 becomes the first manmade lunar satellite. ·October 30, 1967 – Cosmos 186 and Cosmos 188 become the first unmanned spacecraft to rendezvous and dock in Earth orbit. The United States will not duplicate ·November 17, 1970 – Lunokhod 1, the first robotic rover to land on and explore an extraterrestrial body, lands on the Moon. Twenty-seven years later, the United States lands it’s very first robotic rover on Mars. ·December 15, 1970 – Venera 7 becomes the first probe to make a soft landing on another planet (Venus). ·April 19, 1971 – Salyut 1 becomes the world’s first orbiting space station. ·August 22, 1972 – Mars 2 becomes the first @ tony martin Yes, McGowan was a clever spook. He gave us a little truth and a whole lot of BS. @ Ramsay I’m interested in those Apollo documentaries you mentioned. Do you recall their titles? I also found your experience with the JPL mucky muck very interesting. I’ve read lots of McGowan’s stuff, even bought one of his books (the one about “serial killers”). But, I now agree with Miles that he was a spook. That book had me going for while until I came to realize those so called murders never happened. The GIF I posted is from a video that, at one time, was referred to as an Apollo 11 outtake but is now very hard to find. It has supposedly been “debunked” as being a recreation and a fake but I suspect it’s actually the real thing — an outtake from the Apollo 11 “moon landing” that someone managed to smuggle out. It would be difficult and costly to actually recreate the Apollo footage so that it had the same look, with period space suit, etc. To my knowledge the debunkers offered no evidence to prove it was fake such as photos of the set, costume, props, actors, etc. or any specific information on where it was shot so it could be confirmed. @ frolicking (Could not resist. It’s a cool word.) I just found one DVD called ‘Moon Machines’. I thought I had at least a couple more. Maybe another will show up. This one has a clear pic of the gold wrenold’s wrap and HVAC duct contraption on the cover. None at http://www.SecondSpin.com, at this time anyway. On the back cover it says this: “…turn science fiction into history-making headlines.” At least someone is honest. The NASA mucky muck I asked about the VA belt reminds me of others, in a trance about certain stuff. I could not press at the time, so his non-response was clever to shut me up. My mother in law is that way about certain things. Programmed to forget, it seems. Just discovered that all 6 segments of Moon Machines is on you tube. There’s a new paper on the space shuttle fraud up by Miles: NEW PAPER, added 7/1/19, “The Space Shuttle Program was a Fraud.” Also a tack-on concerning Owen Benjamin. http://mileswmathis.com/shut.pdf Roelf_zelf said: Benjamin’s rebuttal. https://youtu.be/_yYaCD5bQhY I could only stand 5 minutes of watching Owen’s 2¾-hour video. He is an incredibly annoying speaker and, it seems, intentionally so. In those 5 minutes he seems to agree with the idea that the Shuttle program was fake, however. I guess that is so the idea of space fakery will be associated with his own affected jerk-ness. There’s something “Denis Hopperish” about the man. He shouts, so he must be right. But much respect… Rolleikin made it much further than I did. Barely a minute. “I actually like the guy.” As if we’re supposed to care what this guy actually likes. I don’t. And his music sucks too. I did some animated GIFs of Miles’ example composition of the shuttle launches, perhaps it will help us analyze them further. The first is a direct line-up, as close as I could get balancing the main fuel tank and the wings of the shuttle itself: And this one is lined up the same, but in between each of the five I’m showing the Difference between that one and the one before it. “Difference” is just what it sounds like, as a Layer Style in Photoshop. It’s the difference between one layer and another. Not the Subtraction, mind you – that’s another layer style, though they are both math adjustments. Both can be useful but here’s the Difference: I think that we might have TWO templates here, but there’s definitely some templates involved and Miles is dead on in his premise. Perhaps they lost or botched up the first one, since this was the early 80s. But even back then we had Amigas and Corel Paint and layer styles, so one wouldn’t need Adobe’s software back then to do pretty much the same stuff. Photoshop was pretty weak in its early iterations and it wasn’t until version 5 that it really came into its own. Other programs had all its functions and Corel Painter is still better for, you know, actual digital painting to this day. We could try to line them up further but I think this paper’s pretty solid from a graphics standpoint. I’d love for him to analyze the shuttle further and toss us some math, like we’ve done here, but that’s up to him obviously. Jared you’re amazing. The thing that really kills me the most are the rocket nodules or whatever their called at the bottom of the ship. They look identical in every picture…… the angle and everything…. even some of the little gay flames coming out are the same in every picture. The exhaust products of the shuttle really confuse me. Most rockets have a bright fiery exhaust with visible smoke(?). But the shuttle never exhibits anything like that. The SRBs should be shooting out aluminum vapor, chiefly. The LFO exhaust from the shuttle’s engines should be WAY brighter, as Miles said. It should be equally bright as the SRB exhausts, if a different tone. Here’s a shot of the Titan with its LFO exhaust easily as bright as the SRBs, for example: And another shot of a different model Titan, using ONLY LFO as far as I know: Then we have fakes like this, with obvious doctoring in the rocket and the side flames: Regarding the Soviets in space, my initial instinct was to refer to the photos from the Venera landers (Venus missions), specifically Venera 13 & 14 since they were the “successful” ones. I hadn’t looked at them fresh for a few years, since before I discovered Miles. Turns out another hero falls, at least for me. Evidently (allegedly) in 2006 some Mitchell guy decided to reprocess the 1981 Soviet data from these landers using “modern techniques”: “There is a little artistic license … but not very much,” Mitchell told SPACE.com. A task still ahead is color processing of the Venera imagery. “Fully accurate calibration of the color has not yet been done by anyone,” he said. Critical calibration data is coming from Russian colleague, Gektin.” http://www.nbcnews.com/id/14786868/ns/technology_and_science-space/t/soviet-era-venus-images-get-new-life/ So all of these pics we grew up with are false-colored, basically: And check out the sky in these ones, hosted by NASA. Look at the horizon line, and how clean and crisp it is, as well as the resolution of the clouds. Very obviously ‘Shopped in: And this one on PBS: And then we go back to 1975 to Venera 9 and 10: http://www.planetary.org/blogs/guest-blogs/2014/0724-standing-on-venus-in-1975.html “On October 22, 1975, Venera 9 landed on the surface of Venus and acquired a 180-degree panorama of the surface. Ted Stryk used the images in the panorama to create this artistic view of what the scene would look like if one were standing on the surface. This view was created by rectifying the individual images in the panorama to show the surface at a more natural angle, sampling each image at different distances from the lander and using image data to fill any gaps remaining after this process. The objects in the image are real, though the arrangement is not. ” THE OBJECT ARE REAL BUT THE ARRANGEMENT IS NOT?!? It’s supposed to have been taken from a 180º panorama. That’s barely a 40° shot, and it’s just some fucking rocks. And these are also supposed to be “panorama” shots. Looks like these guys don’t even know what the word means: So basically all the surface shots we have of Venus, Mars, de Moon and Titan are de bullst? Cool! That means there are still mysteries to be solved and wonders to witness in our little bubble of the Galaxy; and the deadening influence of our rulers is lessened somewhat. That’s the thing – I’m trying hard to remain openly skeptical and taking things on a case-by-case basis, but as we’ve seen time and time again there’s mass fakery afoot. So what’s real anymore? It’s hard to say, but again, let’s just keep chipping away. Perhaps I’ll dig up a few that I believe ARE real and you guys can break my balls on ’em? I don’t know. It’d be nice to find SOMETHING real, you know? 🙂 There is the danger that scepticism turns to dismissive contempt and then you miss something genuine. Perhaps a disgruntled spoopling releasing some real data; or the spoops broadcasting a small truth as part of their inverse-karma code. So I think your approach is right, tempted as I am to turn my back on everything as “de bullst!”. I mean I still want to believe that Voyager-era spacecraft or the Messenger ones to Mercury are at least in SOME ways legit. But I’m almost afraid to open them up, you know? To find out that they too are fake… Sometimes it just hurts. I’ve often used the Soviet Venera landers in arguments about “Global Warming” as a rebuttal, so it’s tough to lose them too. Now my arguments are effectively empty in that direction – but we have plenty more, so I’m not too sad about it. Just, it would have been nice to have ONE real thing in this mess. I may be wrong but I really have this sneaking suspicion that the distances are too far away for ANY kind of radio communication from wherever to the earth. Also I have a feeling that going thru the Van Allen belt probably will fuck up any kind of electronics so that it will never work. There are the measurements of the Pioneer-anomaly, which were only confirmed for the Pioneer probes. If the probes were not real, then you’d have to invent the anomaly. Or the simulation software showed a systematic error (but if it’s simulated there wouldn’t be any deviation from the expected values). The anomaly wasn’t detected on other spacecraft (like the Voyagers), but that’s supposedly because the Pioneers were spin stabilized and other are three-axis stabilized, making it difficult to extrapolate actual changes in velocity. Once again, if the Voyager probes were fake, then their data would be fake as well. That would also mean that unexpected measurements like the lack of change in magnetic field direction upon passing the heliopause would be fake. But why fake something that goes against your expectations? The LHC always confirms expectations based on mainstream models, as does LIGO. Very, VERY solid points there, Ollie. And that kinda follows my gut on Vger especially, where we see photos like this: That’s the “Pale Blue Dot” Earth photo. It seems untoward if they were trying to fake solar system photos to publish something soooo noisy and, well, useless. But that noise looks very real to me, coming from someone that deals with noise (both reduction and induction) in my renderings every day. A real camera isn’t very different from a virtual one – both are fed data (one as actual photons, the other as virtual photons, but essentially the same math) and noise is what you get when you can’t expose long enough or deep enough to resolve an image. We would expect a lot of noise at that distance from Vger’s camera, and a lot less near the planets since they are quite bright. These older photos have a very different “feel” to them, in my eyes. Perhaps not all of them are legit, but some sure seem that way. Jared — do you think it’s possible that the reason there is a more authentic feel to the older photos has something to do with the method of fakery? I would have to imagine that the methods of splicing photos in the 60’s in 70’s was an entirely different process than the ones they use now. Maybe they had actual artists going over them with their own hands, whereas now it seems they have a bunch of drones carelessly using photoshop. Is that a possibility? Hmm, I rather think it’s the other way around. Though we SEE a lot of Photo-SLOP from the modern stuff they present to us as “real”, it’s actually far easier to master an image using modern tools. But they do not. They don’t do it because A) they cannot learn how to use the tools, not really, and real artists aren’t for hire for stuff like that and B) they know that most people are stupid as shit already and will believe anything they publish simply on false authority. Almost all of the flaws we’ve seen in these fakes are things I could have fixed for them. And at the pixel level there’s nowhere left to hide, no dirt in between pixels. But they just don’t care, so they either pay nothing for the images or (more likely) pawn them off on their offspring as sort of “gifts”. I think it’s a lot harder to fake realistic grain and noise. Back then, it would have been even harder still. But of course i could end up being wrong on this topic as well, so I’m trying to keep an open mind. It’s just not easy sometimes. This. Although it was every bit as possible technically in the old days, it was extremely more tedious and time consuming, requiring master technicians and equipment (read: expensive). Remember also, most everything was print media oriented back then and totally analog (film based) to boot. No magic tools from a software pallet—hands on for; burns, reverses, spreads, shrinks, et al. Filters? They went on cameras!! Airbrushes for the delicate work. The process was Photoshop/InDesign/Illustrator, but manually done by hand. It was fun and because of the complexity and time consumption, all the overtime actually gave you a decent paycheck…. The skies in the 2nd and 3rd pics down do look very, very photo-shopped. Looks like something I would see on amateur photoshop contests. “But why fake something that goes against your expectations?” Seems like this happens a lot actually. They’re always surprised at certain developments, discoveries and outcomes of their space exploits. Makes it all seem real, doesn’t it? But, wouldn’t that in itself be reason for doing it? If everything turned out as expected it would start to look fake but unexpected occurrences make it seem real. And, that is what fakery is all about. Making it seem real. Etc said: I’m a fan of Miles but I’m going to play NASA shill here. At 9:50 in this video https://youtu.be/ShRa2RG2KDI?t=590 the shuttle engines are clearly on for lift off and at 10:12 the thrust-trails from the shuttle engines are clearly visible. This video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uuYoYl5kyVE explains the plume division – there’s a barrier under the platform. The y-axis rotation of the shuttle at 1:19 is an optical illusion caused by the z-axis rotation of the fuel tank. Yes, your take on the plume division part I agree with. It’s not an open box on all four sides under there, it’s an elongated pit called the “flame trench”. Typically, this trench is filled with water during launch, using a “Water deluge” system designed to keep the flame trench from disintegrating: So most of the outward, bi-directional “exhaust” we see in the launches isn’t exhaust at all, but steam from the deluge system. This is because you have to put SOMETHING under a rocket, and most materials would disintegrate and be blasted out into the air – including natural, raw rock or ground. So the flame trench and deluge systems attempt to mitigate this by using water and a big pit for it. He makes many other good points in that paper but in my opinion it wasn’t his most solid. I think the most important part of the space shuttle fraud is explaining the fraud itself. How can it cost on average $450M dollars per launch (mainstream numbers), with only around $7-8 million in fuel? Where’s the other $432M going? Answer: POCKETS. The problem is we don’t really have a detailed breakdown of the costs. “The exact breakdown into non-recurring and recurring costs is not available, but, according to NASA, the average cost to launch a Space Shuttle as of 2011 was about $450 million per mission.” I think a lot of what factors in are the continuing costs of just having the entire shuttle program at your disposal. Which encompasses the entire infrastructure, continuously employed personell, 5 orbiters (most of the time, which had major components disassembled and reassembled each time) and reoccuring costs for (mostly custom) spare/exchange parts. I’m not sure the 450 million are simply the additional costs imposed by making the decission to launch the shuttle and preparing for it. I mean you don’t only pay just in case you launch it, you are still paying all the time even if there are no launches. Of course the development costs are something else entirely. 450 million still seem reasonable when you consider how much maintaning or upgrading a relatively simple sea-going war ship costs. Still, the costs are always overblown which is what always happens if tax money is involved, so in last in that regard there is certainly fraud involved. The real crime is how much money goes into the space industry at all. There are so many better uses of $450 million. Lets fix the mess up on our own planet before we bother about space. But of course they are creating the mess on purpose, and the space program is apart of it. When I looked at the picture of all the shuttles side by side, I thought.. well they might have built only one or two of these, while still billing us for all five of them. One or two real prototypes, while the rest were phantom shuttles. They just spray-painted or gave the shuttles a CGI makeover, when they needed to make them appear slightly different from one another. This is a common scam they run at the top I think. Makes one wonder just how many tanks, planes, and soldiers around the world’s military’s.. only exist on paper. Also if you read about the Soviet space shuttle the Buran, they admit they successfully flew and landed the thing completely unmanned. I rather agree, Philip. As we’ve seen time and time again, these guys use anything science-related as a money sink, to steal from the taxpayers AGAIN (since taxes were already theft as well), and all of these projects are also paid for by borrowing at interest from the actual banks and banksters as well. So we have multiple layers of fraud, sold to the public as “progress”. I do believe in orbital dynamics and physics, so I personally believe that some level of spacefaring exists. Just, as usual, it’s not at all what we’re told. elpaydoublay said: Speaking of where does the money go, here is a link to the most recent Financial Report for NASA (2018), which may shed some light: https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/nasa_fy2018_afr_tagged_fixed_v3.pdf Years ago I used to review the (CAFR) Comprehensive Annual Financial Report for Tennessee where I lived at the time and found it very informative, particularly noting how much surplus stuff and was available and how much money was in rainy day funds, etc. The CAFR is the 20/20 hindsight view of what was spent as opposed to the prospective Budget which is a list of wants. And they are provided free of charge by State governments to the public. Financial data starts on page 50. Its fluff up to that point. On page 54: “Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting PoliciesReporting Entity The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency established byCongress on October 1, 1958 by the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958.” An independent agency. They actually have the audacity… The “S” really should stand for Shameless Administration. My default reaction to anything from NASA is that it’s a lie, it’s fake, it doesn’t exist, etc. So, I believed the space shuttle was fake before reading Miles’ recent article (though I enjoyed the article anyway). I’d just like to point out that the “space shuttle” supposedly played a major role in the building, launching and/or maintenance of other space hardware such as the ISS, Hubble, SolarMax, SpaceLab and numerous satellites. I think some members here believe that at least some of these objects really do exist out in space. But, if they agree the shuttle is fake then what does that do to their concept of these other projects, I wonder? Derek said: All the evidence you will ever need to convince yourself that Apollo was one big fake, check out the websites below. Just type the name into Google search. NASASCAM Start your investigation here. APOLLO FEEDBACK Read what the media say about naughty NASA. APOLLO FACTS Facts to be considered about Apollo, plus a Q & A section. APOLLO REALITY How, and where, NASA faked the lunar orbiting, landing, and lift off videos. APOLLO INSIDER USGS involvement in the faking of Apollo Moon missions. APOLLO FAKE The person responsible for NASA’s fake Moon pictures. APOLLO TRUTH The truth, and reason, why NASA faked the Apollo Moon missions. APOLLO DATA Misleading data regarding the Apollo missions. APOLLO FRY UP How deadly radiation in space prevents travel to the Moon. APOLLOSCAM More of NASA’s fake Moon pictures, with added humour. APOLLO LAUGH You’ve just gotta take the mickey. APOLLO VIDEOS Clear cut evidence of fakery in the Apollo Moon videos. …or you can just select and right-click the text you want to search and pick “Search Google for…” But regardless, some of your suggestions don’t work (though I believe you mean well, here). For example: https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-1-d&q=APOLLO+FEEDBACK It’s all about an Apollo Hospital. Every link but one on the first page is about hospitals or medicine, except the RV one which is about, well, Recreational Vehicles. So perhaps your search engine is DuckDuckGo or something? Of course I could just put “launch” or something in the search, but I’m just pointing out how Google is behaving. Perhaps they’re purposely limiting any connection to the space program Apollo stuff, out of spooky hand? … or just click on your screen ID. If you traveled to another world having 1/6 the gravity of Earth, when you walked about on that world would you be moving in slow motion? If so, why? Obviously, falling objects would move more slowly but, otherwise, I don’t see a reason for moving around as if one were underwater like the Apollo astro-nots are shown doing in all that NASA “moon” footage. Now, if one were in an environment with no gravity at all (or nearly so), then I can understand that one would float about and would be careful about one’s movements and the result might be that one would appear to move in slow motion to some degree though one could also move very quickly too. This is how the ISS actors are presented. But, the moon is said to have 1/6 gravity, not micro or “no gravity.” It seems to me in 1/6 gravity one would mostly move about at normal speed and there would be no “slow motion” effect except for falling motions. In other words it wouldn’t look like anything we were accustomed to seeing as far as human motion goes. Some motions would be quicker than normal, some would be the same and some would be slower. It wouldn’t look like an overall slow-motion effect as is shown in the NASA footage. I mean, why would it? If I take a step forward in 1/6 gravity what would be slowing me down? Agreed. Why all the slow-mo ? in UK we are having a 50 year anniversary extravaganza of the moon landings and i have been watching it with my kids and pointing out the fake bits. My biggest gripe is the fact that in NOT ONE SINGLE moon landing mission does it show any kind of crater under the landing vehicle or dust on the feet. Laws of physics must apply When you point this out to people though (as i did the other night) they get all defensive and go on about all the people involved and all the different missions and how could they all be faked. So you believe instead that the laws of physics were bypassed? Whats more likely – people lied/were fooled – or the laws of physics can be bypassed…. Having said that, something good did come out of that argument i had the other night. The guy was singing a song at an open mic night called The Intergalactic Laxative by Donovan. Well worth a listen 🙂 Leave a Reply to calgacus Cancel reply	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1146
__label__wiki	0.903172	0.903172	Your Wednesday Daily News Digest by Shane Stokes In today’s Daily News Digest: Küng wins stage two time trial at the BinckBank Tour; Report: top squads look set to miss world team time trial championships; Kwiatkowski signs on for three more years with Team Sky; Under pressure from USADA, Colorado Classic abandons partnership with Armstrong; Vuelta pays tribute to career of Contador; Report: Trek-Segafredo aiming to replace Contador with Aru; UAE Team Emirates extends with Marcato, Conti and five others; Lingering effects of concussion force Dunbar to end season early; OVO Energy Tour of Britain confirms teams for 2017 edition; CAS confirms UCI’s four year suspension of Oyarzun; Research shows huge health benefits of commuting by bike; Eskapee’s rules for mountain bike riding; Video: Tony Martin falls during BinckBank Tour TT; Video: Tony Martin speaks after his crash; Video: Viviani skilfully avoids time trial fall in BinckBank Tour; Video: Peter Sagan celebrates Monday’s sprint win CAS confirms UCI’s four year suspension of Oyarzun by VeloClub Link has been copied to your clipboard! The UCI confirmed on Tuesday that a four-year ban previously handed down to Chilean rider Carlos Oyarzun has been upheld by the Court of Arbitration for Sport. Oyarzun tested positive for the blood-boosting agent FG-4592 at the 2015 Pan American Games, where he won the time trial. He was provisionally suspended in July 2015, then given an official four-year ban last August. Oyarzun sought to fight this suspension in CAS, but has now learned that this bid was unsuccessful. “The CAS confirmed that Mr. Oyarzun committed an Anti-Doping Rule Violation and upheld the four-year sanction imposed on him,” stated the UCI. Oyarzun previously won two Pan American titles, taking the road race in 2010 and the time trial in 2013. He competed for the Movistar team in 2011, riding the Giro d’Italia, and won the Vuelta Ciclista del Uruguay in 2015 while with the Keith Mobel – Partizan team. by {{authorString}} {{adUnit}}	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1148
__label__cc	0.533682	0.466318	Watch Live! Coaching TV Interview Dr. Mindy-"Tips for Getting Unstuck" Featured guest on The Coaching Game Show with Laurie Lawson Click Here Visit my Channel Here Meet our collective talent Coaching High-Potential Millennials PeerToPeer Masterminds Grow Millennial Talent for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Performance Networks Embed Innovation Networks Scheduling / Payment The synergy created by the Collaborative Networks Team Collaborative Networks International is a global executive coaching and leadership advisory firm. Mindy and the CNI Team harness the energy of decades of collective expertise to grow business performance and profitability through Executive, Team, Peer Coaching and Leadership Development services. We are especially passionate about growing the leadership potential of Millennials, as they are our future. We have deep expertise in the governmental, nonprofit and for profit sectors. These include the high-tech, Cleantech, manufacturing, life-sciences industries and professional firms that service them. Team capabilities include Collaborative Coaching 1-1, Team Coaching, Peer Coaching, Leadership development and WorkLife integration. Our passion is coaching millennnial talent to develop leadership skills. They are our future. Your success is our business. Mindy L. Gewirtz, Ph.D, President and Founder Mindy L. Gewirtz has 20+years external consulting experience as a leadership coach and organizational strategist—a choreographer of change from family-owned businesses to global corporations in high-tech, life sciences, manufacturing, professional service firms, government and the not for profit sector. She leads her company collaboratively and has demonstrated success leading teams in complex engagements to drive business performance. Mindy continues to actively coach, publish, present and conduct research. Governmental agencies include the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), Teachers Retirement System of New York City. Nonprofits include Mitre Corporation, Riverdale Senior Services and Home Harvest, and the Jewish Comunity Center of Greater Coney Island. For profit clients include Citigroup, EMC, Bristol Myer Squibb, Evergreen Solar, Malden Mills and professional service firms such as Palmer & Dodge and Goulston & Storrs have engaged Mindy to conduct interventions including large scale organizational change and connectivity, leadership development, project leadership and executive effectiveness. Currently, she is Presidential Advisor to ATCC, (American Type Culture Collection) a global biological resource center. Prior to her executive coaching and onsulting business, Mindy’s career included serving as an educator, clinician and leadership team executive at not-for- profits. Mindy earned her Ph.D. at Boston University. Elected to Phi Beta Kappa and a graduate of Brooklyn College, she is also a Board Certified Diplomate in Psychotherapy, and a Certified Coach. Sample publications include the co-authored book chapters: Network Weaving OD Strategies in 24/7 Cultures, which appears in Workplace Temporalities, published by Elsevier, 2007 and Sustaining Top Leadership Teams, in The Collaborative Systems Field Book: Jossey/Bass, 2003. People Power was published in the UK journal IMIS (Institute of Management Information Systems), 2004. Mindy invites your dialogue on her latest research and other publications. She can be reached by email here Collaborative Networks Team Deborah Heller, Ph.D. For more than thirty years, Deborah has helped small and large organizations in almost every sector including for profit and not for profit organizations make the necessary changes and connections to be competitive in today’s market. Deborah Heller focuses on strategic and operational issues confronting leaders in competitive environments and guides clients to collaborations and alliances to generate effective strategies. She has particular interests in strategy, leadership, change and group dynamics and has facilitated small and large groups at all levels of organizations. She is an experienced public speaker and author of several books and articles. Prior to beginning her consulting firm in 1982, Deborah was the Director of Ambulatory Services for the Department of Psychiatry at The Cambridge Hospital and was a Lecturer in Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. Deborah is a founder of the New England Women’s Fund and past Chair of the Board of Directors, past Chair of the Fenway Health Center Board of Directors and past Chair of Development for The Boston Club, and the past Vice-Chair for Women Entrepreneurs in Science and Technology. She received The Boston Club’s President’s Award. She is a graduate of Smith College and received her masters and doctorate from Boston College. Client list available on request. Nancy Settle-Murphy Principal and owner of Guided Insights, Nancy helps geographically dispersed organizations achieve exceptional results within a surprisingly short time. A skilled cross-cultural communicator and seasoned facilitator, Nancy has helped a wide range of global organizations to strengthen communications among virtual teams, especially those where cultural differences may act as barriers. Nancy plans and runs high-impact working sessions, applying the best combination of methods, tools, and techniques for each unique client situation. Nancy also provides training and coaching in several areas, including facilitation skills, intercultural communications, remote team leadership, and change management. Nancy is an active member of the International Association of Facilitators, the Boston Facilitators’ Roundtable, and the American Society for Training and Development. Glen Mohr Founder of Mohr Collaborative, Glen Mohr is an expert on organizational learning for innovation. He leads high-profile innovation programs for Fortune 50 clients, engaging global teams of young executives in turning ideas into practical, customer-facing solutions and achieving consistently extraordinary financial returns from the resulting new products and services. He holds a Masters from Harvard with a concentration in Technology in Education and a BS in Architecture from the University of Virginia. Prior to starting Mohr Collaborative, Glen was President of The Otter Group where he ran the Global Markets Innovation Program for Merrill Lynch as well as developing numerous e-learning, communications and collaborations projects. The company was a leader in integrating collaborative and Web 2.0 technologies into learning and innovation programs for such corporate and higher education clients as Harvard University, MIT, CDM and Sutter Health. Glen has extensive experience in media production including six years at the Massachusetts Corporation for Educational Telecommunications where he developed innovative and successful models for technology-enhanced collaborative learning and produced over 200 live television programs while guiding scores of cultural, scientific, and educational institutions in their first forays into distance learning. Glen also served as product and syndication manager for HighWired.com, a provider of web-based publishing tools. He has published and presented about collaborative technologies and innovation, including a chapter on building community and collaboration with blogs in Collaborate for Success: Breakthrough Strategies for Engaging Physicians, Nurses and Hospital Executives Dr. Mindy L. Gewirtz Executive and Leadership Coach Change Your Mindset. Change Your Life. President, Collaborative Networks. Leadership Coaching for Millenials on the Move An Affiliate of Harvard University’s Collaborative Networks International Executive Coaching, Work balance and Integration.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1153
__label__cc	0.711005	0.288995	Label: INDOMETHACIN- indomethacin capsule Boxed Warnings NDC Code(s): 43063-929-20, 43063-929-30 Packager: PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. This is a repackaged label. Source NDC Code(s): 68462-302 Category: HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG LABEL Marketing Status: Abbreviated New Drug Application Medication Guide: HTML BOXED WARNING(What is this?) WARNING: RISK OF SERIOUS CARDIOVASCULAR AND GASTROINTESTINAL EVENTS Cardiovascular Thrombotic Events Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause an increased risk of serious cardiovascular thrombotic events, including myocardial infarction and stroke, which can be fatal. This risk may occur early in treatment and may increase with duration of use [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. Indomethacin capsules are contraindicated in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery [ see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] . Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Ulceration, and Perforation NSAIDs cause an increased risk of serious gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events including bleeding, ulceration, and perforation of the stomach or intestines, which can be fatal. These events can occur at any time during use and without warning symptoms. Elderly patients and patients with a prior history of peptic ulcer disease and/or GI bleeding are at greater risk for serious GI events [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. HIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION These highlights do not include all the information needed to use INDOMETHACIN CAPSULES safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for INDOMETHACIN CAPSULES. INDOMETHACIN capsules, for oral use Initial U.S. Approval: 1965 See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) cause an increased risk of serious cardiovascular thrombotic events, including myocardial infarction and stroke, which can be fatal. This risk may occur early in treatment and may increase with duration of use ( 5.1) Indomethacin capsules are contraindicated in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery ( 4, 5.1) NSAIDs cause an increased risk of serious gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events including bleeding, ulceration, and perforation of the stomach or intestines, which can be fatal. These events can occur at any time during use and without warning symptoms. Elderly patients and patients with a prior history of peptic ulcer disease and/or GI bleeding are at greater risk for serious GI events ( 5.2) INDICATIONS AND USAGE Indomethacin capsules are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug indicated for: Moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis including acute flares of chronic disease Moderate to severe ankylosing spondylitis Moderate to severe osteoarthritis Acute painful shoulder (bursitis and/or tendinitis) Acute gouty arthritis ( 1) Use the lowest effective dosage for shortest duration consistent with individual patient treatment goals. ( 2.1) The dosage for moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis including acute flares of chronic disease; moderate to severe ankylosing spondylitis; and moderate to severe osteoarthritis is indomethacin capsules 25 mg two or three times a day. ( 2.2) The dosage for acute painful shoulder (bursitis and/or tendinitis) is 75 to 150 mg daily in 3 or 4 divided doses. ( 2.3) The dosage for acute gouty arthritis is indomethacin capsules 50 mg three times a day. ( 2.4) DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS Indomethacin Capsules, USP: 25 mg and 50 mg. ( 3) Known hypersensitivity to indomethacin or any components of the drug product. ( 4) History of asthma, urticaria, or other allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs. ( 4) In the setting of CABG surgery. ( 4) Hepatotoxicity: Inform patients of warning signs and symptoms of hepatotoxicity. Discontinue if abnormal liver tests persist or worsen or if clinical signs and symptoms of liver disease develop. ( 5.3) Hypertension: Patients taking some antihypertensive medications may have impaired response to these therapies when taking NSAIDs. Monitor blood pressure. ( 5.4, 7) Heart Failure and Edema: Avoid use of indomethacin capsules in patients with severe heart failure unless benefits are expected to outweigh risk of worsening heart failure. ( 5.5) Renal Toxicity: Monitor renal function in patients with renal or hepatic impairment, heart failure, dehydration, or hypovolemia. Avoid use of indomethacin capsules in patients with advanced renal disease unless benefits are expected to outweigh risk of worsening renal function. ( 5.6) Anaphylactic Reactions: Seek emergency help if an anaphylactic reaction occurs. ( 5.7) Exacerbation of Asthma Related to Aspirin Sensitivity: Indomethacin capsules are contraindicated in patients with aspirin-sensitive asthma. Monitor patients with preexisting asthma (without aspirin sensitivity). ( 5.8) Serious Skin Reactions: Discontinue indomethacin capsules at first appearance of skin rash or other signs of hypersensitivity. ( 5.9) Premature Closure of Fetal Ductus Arteriosus: Avoid use in pregnant women starting at 30 weeks gestation. ( 5.10, 8.1) Hematologic Toxicity: Monitor hemoglobin or hematocrit in patients with any signs or symptoms of anemia. ( 5.11, 7) Most common adverse reactions (incidence ≥ 3%) are headache, dizziness, dyspepsia and nausea. ( 6.1) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Inc., USA at 1 (888) 721-7115 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. Drugs that Interfere with Hemostasis (e.g. warfarin, aspirin, SSRIs/SNRIs): Monitor patients for bleeding who are concomitantly taking indomethacin capsules with drugs that interfere with hemostasis. Concomitant use of indomethacin and analgesic doses of aspirin is not generally recommended. ( 7) ACE Inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB), or Beta-Blockers: Concomitant use with indomethacin may diminish the antihypertensive effect of these drugs. Monitor blood pressure. ( 7) ACE Inhibitors and ARBs: Concomitant use with indomethacin in elderly, volume depleted, or those with renal impairment may result in deterioration of renal function. In such high risk patients, monitor for signs of worsening renal function. ( 7) Diuretics: NSAIDs can reduce natriuretic effect of furosemide and thiazide diuretics. Monitor patients to assure diuretic efficacy including antihypertensive effects. ( 7) Digoxin: Concomitant use with indomethacin can increase serum concentration and prolong half-life of digoxin. Monitor serum digoxin levels. ( 7) Pregnancy: Use of NSAIDs during the third trimester of pregnancy increases the risk of premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus. Avoid use of NSAIDs in pregnant women starting at 30 weeks gestation. ( 5.10, 8) Infertility: NSAIDs are associated with reversible infertility. Consider withdrawal of indomethacin capsules in women who have difficulties conceiving. ( 8.3) See 17 for PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION and Medication Guide. Revised: 6/2019 FULL PRESCRIBING INFORMATION: CONTENTS* 2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION 2.1 General Dosing Instructions 2.2 Moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis including acute flares of chronic disease; moderate to severe ankylosing spondylitis; and moderate to severe osteoarthritis 2.3 Acute painful shoulder (bursitis and/or tendinitis) 2.4 Acute Gouty Arthritis 5 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS 5.1 Cardiovascular Thrombotic Events 5.2 Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Ulceration, and Perforation 5.3 Hepatotoxicity 5.4 Hypertension 5.5 Heart Failure and Edema 5.6 Renal Toxicity and Hyperkalemia 5.7 Anaphylactic Reactions 5.8 Exacerbation of Asthma Related to Aspirin Sensitivity 5.9 Serious Skin Reactions 5.10 Premature Closure of Fetal Ductus Arteriosus 5.11 Hematologic Toxicity 5.12 Masking of Inflammation and Fever 5.13 Laboratory Monitoring 5.14 Central Nervous System Effects 5.15 Ocular Effects 6 ADVERSE REACTIONS 7 DRUG INTERACTIONS 8 USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS 8.2 Lactation 8.3 Females and Males of Reproductive Potential 12 CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 13 NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY Sections or subsections omitted from the full prescribing information are not listed. Indomethacin capsules are indicated for: Acute gouty arthritis Carefully consider the potential benefits and risks of indomethacin capsules and other treatment options before deciding to use indomethacin capsules. Use the lowest effective dosage for the shortest duration consistent with individual patient treatment goals [ see Warnings and Precautions (5)]. After observing the response to initial therapy with indomethacin, the dose and frequency should be adjusted to suit an individual patient’s needs. Adverse reactions generally appear to correlate with the dose of indomethacin. Therefore, every effort should be made to determine the lowest effective dosage for the individual patient. Dosage recommendations for active stages of the following: Indomethacin capsules 25 mg twice a day or three times a day. If this is well tolerated, increase the daily dosage by 25 mg or by 50 mg, if required by continuing symptoms, at weekly intervals until a satisfactory response is obtained or until a total daily dose of 150 to 200 mg is reached. Doses above this amount generally do not increase the effectiveness of the drug. In patients who have persistent night pain and/or morning stiffness, the giving of a large portion, up to a maximum of 100 mg, of the total daily dose at bedtime may be helpful in affording relief. The total daily dose should not exceed 200 mg. In acute flares of chronic rheumatoid arthritis, it may be necessary to increase the dosage by 25 mg or, if required, by 50 mg daily. If minor adverse effects develop as the dosage is increased, reduce the dosage rapidly to a tolerated dose and observe the patient closely. If severe adverse reactions occur, stop the drug. After the acute phase of the disease is under control, an attempt to reduce the daily dose should be made repeatedly until the patient is receiving the smallest effective dose or the drug is discontinued. Careful instructions to, and observations of, the individual patient are essential to the prevention of serious, irreversible, including fatal, adverse reactions. As advancing years appear to increase the possibility of adverse reactions, indomethacin capsules should be used with greater care in the elderly [see Use in Specific Populations (8.5)]. Indomethacin capsules 75 to 150 mg daily in 3 or 4 divided doses. The drug should be discontinued after the signs and symptoms of inflammation have been controlled for several days. The usual course of therapy is 7 to 14 days. Indomethacin capsules 50 mg three times a day until pain is tolerable. The dose should then be rapidly reduced to complete cessation of the drug. Definite relief of pain has been reported within 2 to 4 hours. Tenderness and heat usually subside in 24 to 36 hours, and swelling gradually disappears in 3 to 5 days. Indomethacin Capsules, USP are available containing either 25 mg or 50 mg of indomethacin, USP. The 25 mg capsule is a size ‘3’ two piece opaque green hard gelatin capsule imprinted with ‘G406’ on body and ‘G’ on cap, filled with white-to off-white granular powder. The 50 mg capsule is a size ‘1’ two piece opaque green hard gelatin capsules imprinted with ‘G302’ on body and ‘G’ on cap filled with white to off-white granular powder. Indomethacin capsules are contraindicated in the following patients: Known hypersensitivity (e.g., anaphylactic reactions and serious skin reactions) to indomethacin or any components of the drug product [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.7, 5.9)]. History of asthma, urticaria, or other allergic-type reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs. Severe, sometimes fatal, anaphylactic reactions to NSAIDs have been reported in such patients [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.7, 5.8)]. In the setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. Clinical trials of several COX-2 selective and nonselective NSAIDs of up to three years duration have shown an increased risk of serious cardiovascular (CV) thrombotic events, including myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke, which can be fatal. Based on available data, it is unclear that the risk for CV thrombotic events is similar for all NSAIDs. The relative increase in serious CV thrombotic events over baseline conferred by NSAID use appears to be similar in those with and without known CV disease or risk factors for CV disease. However, patients with known CV disease or risk factors had a higher absolute incidence of excess serious CV thrombotic events, due to their increased baseline rate. Some observational studies found that this increased risk of serious CV thrombotic events began as early as the first weeks of treatment. The increase in CV thrombotic risk has been observed most consistently at higher doses. To minimize the potential risk for an adverse CV event in NSAID-treated patients, use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration possible. Physicians and patients should remain alert for the development of such events, throughout the entire treatment course, even in the absence of previous CV symptoms. Patients should be informed about the symptoms of serious CV events and the steps to take if they occur. There is no consistent evidence that concurrent use of aspirin mitigates the increased risk of serious CV thrombotic events associated with NSAID use. The concurrent use of aspirin and an NSAID, such as indomethacin, increases the risk of serious gastrointestinal (GI) events [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Status Post Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Surgery Two large, controlled clinical trials of a COX-2 selective NSAID for the treatment of pain in the first 10 to 14 days following CABG surgery found an increased incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke. NSAIDs are contraindicated in the setting of CABG [ see Contraindications (4)]. Post-MI Patients Observational studies conducted in the Danish National Registry have demonstrated that patients treated with NSAIDs in the post-MI period were at increased risk of reinfarction, CV-related death, and all-cause mortality beginning in the first week of treatment. In this same cohort, the incidence of death in the first year post-MI was 20 per 100 person years in NSAID-treated patients compared to 12 per 100 person years in non-NSAID exposed patients. Although the absolute rate of death declined somewhat after the first year post-MI, the increased relative risk of death in NSAID users persisted over at least the next four years of follow-up. Avoid the use of indomethacin capsules in patients with a recent MI unless the benefits are expected to outweigh the risk of recurrent CV thrombotic events. If indomethacin capsules are used in patients with a recent MI, monitor patients for signs of cardiac ischemia. NSAIDs, including indomethacin, cause serious gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events including inflammation, bleeding, ulceration, and perforation of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, or large intestine, which can be fatal. These serious adverse events can occur at any time, with or without warning symptoms, in patients treated with NSAIDs. Only one in five patients who develop a serious upper GI adverse event on NSAID therapy is symptomatic. Upper GI ulcers, gross bleeding, or perforation caused by NSAIDs occurred in approximately 1% of patients treated for 3 to 6 months, and in about 2% to 4% of patients treated for one year. However, even short-term NSAID therapy is not without risk. Risk Factors for GI Bleeding, Ulceration, and Perforation Patients with a prior history of peptic ulcer disease and/or GI bleeding who used NSAIDs had a greater than 10-fold increased risk for developing a GI bleed compared to patients without these risk factors. Other factors that increase the risk of GI bleeding in patients treated with NSAIDs include longer duration of NSAID therapy; concomitant use of oral corticosteroids, aspirin, anticoagulants, or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs); smoking; use of alcohol; older age; and poor general health status. Most postmarketing reports of fatal GI events occurred in elderly or debilitated patients. Additionally, patients with advanced liver disease and/or coagulopathy are at increased risk for GI bleeding. Strategies to Minimize the GI Risks in NSAID-treated patients: Use the lowest effective dosage for the shortest possible duration. Avoid administration of more than one NSAID at a time. Avoid use in patients at higher risk unless benefits are expected to outweigh the increased risk of bleeding. For such patients, as well as those with active GI bleeding, consider alternate therapies other than NSAIDs. Remain alert for signs and symptoms of GI ulceration and bleeding during NSAID therapy. If a serious GI adverse event is suspected, promptly initiate evaluation and treatment, and discontinue indomethacin capsules until a serious GI adverse event is ruled out. In the setting of concomitant use of low-dose aspirin for cardiac prophylaxis, monitor patients more closely for evidence of GI bleeding [ see Drug Interactions (7)]. Elevations of ALT or AST (three or more times the upper limit of normal [ULN]) have been reported in approximately 1% of NSAID-treated patients in clinical trials. In addition, rare, sometimes fatal, cases of severe hepatic injury, including fulminant hepatitis, liver necrosis, and hepatic failure have been reported. Elevations of ALT or AST (less than three times ULN) may occur in up to 15% of patients treated with NSAIDs including indomethacin. Inform patients of the warning signs and symptoms of hepatotoxicity (e.g., nausea, fatigue, lethargy, diarrhea, pruritus, jaundice, right upper quadrant tenderness, and “flu-like” symptoms). If clinical signs and symptoms consistent with liver disease develop, or if systemic manifestations occur (e.g., eosinophilia, rash, etc.), discontinue indomethacin capsules immediately, and perform a clinical evaluation of the patient. NSAIDs, including indomethacin capsules, can lead to new onset of hypertension or worsening of preexisting hypertension, either of which may contribute to the increased incidence of CV events. Patients taking angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, thiazide diuretics, or loop diuretics may have impaired response to these therapies when taking NSAIDs [ see Drug Interactions (7)]. Monitor blood pressure (BP) during the initiation of NSAID treatment and throughout the course of therapy. The Coxib and traditional NSAID Trialists’ Collaboration meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials demonstrated an approximately two-fold increase in hospitalizations for heart failure in COX-2 selective-treated patients and nonselective NSAID-treated patients compared to placebo-treated patients. In a Danish National Registry study of patients with heart failure, NSAID use increased the risk of MI, hospitalization for heart failure, and death. Additionally, fluid retention and edema have been observed in some patients treated with NSAIDs. Use of indomethacin may blunt the CV effects of several therapeutic agents used to treat these medical conditions (e.g., diuretics, ACE inhibitors, or angiotensin receptor blockers [ARBs]) [ see Drug Interactions (7)]. Avoid the use of indomethacin capsules in patients with severe heart failure unless the benefits are expected to outweigh the risk of worsening heart failure. If indomethacin capsules are used in patients with severe heart failure, monitor patients for signs of worsening heart failure. Renal Toxicity Long-term administration of NSAIDs has resulted in renal papillary necrosis and other renal injury. Renal toxicity has also been seen in patients in whom renal prostaglandins have a compensatory role in the maintenance of renal perfusion. In these patients, administration of an NSAID may cause a dose-dependent reduction in prostaglandin formation and, secondarily, in renal blood flow, which may precipitate overt renal decompensation. Patients at greatest risk of this reaction are those with impaired renal function, dehydration, hypovolemia, heart failure, liver dysfunction, those taking diuretics and ACE inhibitors or ARBs, and the elderly. Discontinuation of NSAID therapy is usually followed by recovery to the pretreatment state. No information is available from controlled clinical studies regarding the use of indomethacin capsules in patients with advanced renal disease. The renal effects of indomethacin capsules may hasten the progression of renal dysfunction in patients with preexisting renal disease. Correct volume status in dehydrated or hypovolemic patients prior to initiating indomethacin capsules. Monitor renal function in patients with renal or hepatic impairment, heart failure, dehydration, or hypovolemia during use of indomethacin capsules [ see Drug Interactions (7)] . Avoid the use of indomethacin capsules in patients with advanced renal disease unless the benefits are expected to outweigh the risk of worsening renal function. If indomethacin capsules are used in patients with advanced renal disease, monitor patients for signs of worsening renal function. It has been reported that the addition of the potassium-sparing diuretic, triamterene, to a maintenance schedule of indomethacin resulted in reversible acute renal failure in two of four healthy volunteers. Indomethacin and triamterene should not be administered together. Hyperkalemia Increases in serum potassium concentration, including hyperkalemia, have been reported with use of NSAIDs, even in some patients without renal impairment. In patients with normal renal function, these effects have been attributed to a hyporeninemic-hypoaldosteronism state. Both Indomethacin and potassium-sparing diuretics may be associated with increased serum potassium levels. The potential effects of indomethacin and potassium-sparing diuretics on potassium levels and renal function should be considered when these agents are administered concurrently. Indomethacin has been associated with anaphylactic reactions in patients with and without known hypersensitivity to indomethacin and in patients with aspirin-sensitive asthma [see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.8)]. Seek emergency help if an anaphylactic reaction occurs. A subpopulation of patients with asthma may have aspirin-sensitive asthma which may include chronic rhinosinusitis complicated by nasal polyps; severe, potentially fatal bronchospasm; and/or intolerance to aspirin and other NSAIDs. Because cross-reactivity between aspirin and other NSAIDs has been reported in such aspirin-sensitive patients, indomethacin capsules are contraindicated in patients with this form of aspirin sensitivity [ see Contraindications (4)]. When indomethacin capsules are used in patients with preexisting asthma (without known aspirin sensitivity), monitor patients for changes in the signs and symptoms of asthma. NSAIDs, including indomethacin, can cause serious skin adverse reactions such as exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens‑Johnson Syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), which can be fatal. These serious events may occur without warning. Inform patients about the signs and symptoms of serious skin reactions, and to discontinue the use of indomethacin capsules at the first appearance of skin rash or any other sign of hypersensitivity. Indomethacin capsules are contraindicated in patients with previous serious skin reactions to NSAIDs [ see Contraindications (4)]. Indomethacin may cause premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus. Avoid use of NSAIDs, including indomethacin capsules, in pregnant women starting at 30 weeks of gestation (third trimester) [ see Use in Specific Populations (8.1)]. Anemia has occurred in NSAID-treated patients. This may be due to occult or gross blood loss, fluid retention, or an incompletely described effect on erythropoiesis. If a patient treated with indomethacin capsules has any signs or symptoms of anemia, monitor hemoglobin or hematocrit. NSAIDs, including indomethacin capsules, may increase the risk of bleeding events. Co-morbid conditions, such as coagulation disorders, or concomitant use of warfarin, other anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents (e.g., aspirin), serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) may increase this risk. Monitor these patients for signs of bleeding [ see Drug Interactions (7)]. The pharmacological activity of indomethacin capsules in reducing inflammation, and possibly fever, may diminish the utility of diagnostic signs in detecting infections. Because serious GI bleeding, hepatotoxicity, and renal injury can occur without warning symptoms or signs, consider monitoring patients on long-term NSAID treatment with a CBC and a chemistry profile periodically [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.2, 5.3, 5.6)]. Indomethacin capsules may aggravate depression or other psychiatric disturbances, epilepsy, and parkinsonism, and should be used with considerable caution in patients with these conditions. Discontinue indomethacin capsules if severe CNS adverse reactions develop. Indomethacin capsules may cause drowsiness; therefore, caution patients about engaging in activities requiring mental alertness and motor coordination, such as driving a car. Indomethacin may also cause headache. Headache which persists despite dosage reduction requires cessation of therapy with indomethacin capsules. Corneal deposits and retinal disturbances, including those of the macula, have been observed in some patients who had received prolonged therapy with indomethacin capsules. Be alert to the possible association between the changes noted and indomethacin capsules. It is advisable to discontinue therapy if such changes are observed. Blurred vision may be a significant symptom and warrants a thorough ophthalmological examination. Since these changes may be asymptomatic, ophthalmologic examination at periodic intervals is desirable in patients receiving prolonged therapy. Indomethacin capsules are not indicated for long-term treatment. The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling: Cardiovascular Thrombotic Events [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] GI Bleeding, Ulceration and Perforation [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Hepatotoxicity [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] Hypertension [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)] Heart Failure and Edema [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)] Renal Toxicity and Hyperkalemia [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] Anaphylactic Reactions [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)] Serious Skin Reactions [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)] Hematologic Toxicity [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.11)] Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. In a gastroscopic study in 45 healthy subjects, the number of gastric mucosal abnormalities was significantly higher in the group receiving indomethacin capsules than in the group taking indomethacin suppositories or placebo. In a double-blind comparative clinical study involving 175 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, however, the incidence of upper gastrointestinal adverse effects with indomethacin capsules or suppositories was comparable. The incidence of lower gastrointestinal adverse effects was greater in the suppository group. The adverse reactions for indomethacin capsules listed in the following table have been arranged into two groups: (1) incidence greater than 1%; and (2) incidence less than 1%. The incidence for group (1) was obtained from 33 double-blind controlled clinical trials reported in the literature (1,092 patients). The incidence for group (2) was based on reports in clinical trials, in the literature, and on voluntary reports since marketing. The probability of a causal relationship exists between indomethacin capsules and these adverse reactions, some of which have been reported only rarely. The adverse reactions reported with indomethacin capsules may occur with use of the suppositories. In addition, rectal irritation and tenesmus have been reported in patients who have received the capsules. Table 1 Summary of Adverse Reactions for Indomethacin Capsules Incidence greater than 1% Incidence less than 1% Reactions occurring in 3% to 9% of patients treated with indomethacin capsules. (Those reactions occurring in less than 3% of the patients are unmarked.) nausea * with or without vomiting dyspepsia * (including indigestion, heartburn and epigastric pain) abdominal distress or pain bloating (includes distension) peptic ulcer single or multiple ulcerations, including perforation and hemorrhage of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum or small and large intestines intestinal ulceration associated with stenosis and obstruction gastrointestinal bleeding without obvious ulcer formation and perforation of preexisting sigmoid lesions (diverticulum, carcinoma, etc.) development of ulcerative colitis and regional ileitis ulcerative stomatitis toxic hepatitis and jaundice (some fatal cases have been reported) intestinal strictures (diaphragms) headache (11.7%) dizziness * somnolence depression and fatigue (including malaise and listlessness) anxiety (includes nervousness) involuntary muscle movements muzziness psychic disturbances including psychotic episodes mental confusion aggravation of epilepsy and parkinsonism depersonalization convulsion dysarthria SPECIAL SENSES ocular - corneal deposits and retinal disturbances, including those of the macula, have been reported in some patients on prolonged therapy with indomethacin capsules hearing disturbances, deafness arrhythmia; palpitations flushing or sweating glycosuria INTEGUMENTARY rash; urticaria petechiae or ecchymosis exfoliative dermatitis loss of hair toxic epidermal necrolysis bone marrow depression anemia secondary to obvious or occult gastrointestinal bleeding agranulocytosis thrombocytopenic purpura acute anaphylaxis acute respiratory distress rapid fall in blood pressure resembling a shock-like state angioedema dyspnea angiitis pulmonary edema interstitial nephritis BUN elevation renal insufficiency, including renal failure epistaxis breast changes, including enlargement and tenderness, or gynecomastia Causal relationship unknown: Other reactions have been reported but occurred under circumstances where a causal relationship could not be established. However, in these rarely reported events, the possibility cannot be excluded. Therefore, these observations are being listed to serve as alerting information to physicians: Cardiovascular: Thrombophlebitis Hematologic: Although there have been several reports of leukemia, the supporting information is weak Genitourinary: Urinary frequency A rare occurrence of fulminant necrotizing fasciitis, particularly in association with Group Aβ hemolytic streptococcus, has been described in persons treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, including indomethacin, sometimes with fatal outcome. See Table 2 for clinically significant drug interactions with indomethacin. Table 2 Clinically Significant Drug Interactions with Indomethacin Drugs That Interfere with Hemostasis Clinical Impact: Indomethacin and anticoagulants such as warfarin have a synergistic effect on bleeding. The concomitant use of indomethacin and anticoagulants have an increased risk of serious bleeding compared to the use of either drug alone. Serotonin release by platelets plays an important role in hemostasis. Case-control and cohort epidemiological studies showed that concomitant use of drugs that interfere with serotonin reuptake and an NSAID may potentiate the risk of bleeding more than an NSAID alone. Monitor patients with concomitant use of indomethacin capsules with anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin), antiplatelet agents (e.g., aspirin), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) for signs of bleeding [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.11)]. Controlled clinical studies showed that the concomitant use of NSAIDs and analgesic doses of aspirin does not produce any greater therapeutic effect than the use of NSAIDs alone. In a clinical study, the concomitant use of an NSAID and aspirin was associated with a significantly increased incidence of GI adverse reactions as compared to use of the NSAID alone [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Concomitant use of indomethacin capsules and analgesic doses of aspirin is not generally recommended because of the increased risk of bleeding [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.11)] . Indomethacin capsules are not substitute for low dose aspirin for cardiovascular protection. ACE Inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers, and Beta-Blockers NSAIDs may diminish the antihypertensive effect of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), or beta-blockers (including propranolol). In patients who are elderly, volume-depleted (including those on diuretic therapy), or have renal impairment, co-administration of an NSAID with ACE inhibitors or ARBs may result in deterioration of renal function, including possible acute renal failure. These effects are usually reversible. During concomitant use of indomethacin capsules and ACE-inhibitors, ARBs, or beta-blockers, monitor blood pressure to ensure that the desired blood pressure is obtained. During concomitant use of indomethacin capsules and ACE-inhibitors or ARBs in patients who are elderly, volume-depleted, or have impaired renal function, monitor for signs of worsening renal function [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] . When these drugs are administered concomitantly, patients should be adequately hydrated. Assess renal function at the beginning of the concomitant treatment and periodically thereafter. Clinical studies, as well as post-marketing observations, showed that NSAIDs reduced the natriuretic effect of loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide) and thiazide diuretics in some patients. This effect has been attributed to the NSAID inhibition of renal prostaglandin synthesis. It has been reported that the addition of triamterene to a maintenance schedule of indomethacin capsules resulted in reversible acute renal failure in two of four healthy volunteers. Indomethacin capsules and triamterene should not be administered together. Both indomethacin capsules and potassium-sparing diuretics may be associated with increased serum potassium levels. The potential effects of indomethacin capsules and potassium-sparing diuretics on potassium levels and renal function should be considered when these agents are administered concurrently. Indomethacin and triamterene should not be administered together. During concomitant use of indomethacin capsules with diuretics, observe patients for signs of worsening renal function, in addition to assuring diuretic efficacy including antihypertensive effects. Be aware that indomethacin and potassium-sparing diuretics may both be associated with increased serum potassium levels [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)]. The concomitant use of indomethacin with digoxin has been reported to increase the serum concentration and prolong the half-life of digoxin. During concomitant use of indomethacin capsules and digoxin, monitor serum digoxin levels. NSAIDs have produced elevations in plasma lithium levels and reductions in renal lithium clearance . The mean minimum lithium concentration increased 15%, and the renal clearance decreased by approximately 20%. This effect has been attributed to NSAID inhibition of renal prostaglandin synthesis. During concomitant use of indomethacin capsules and lithium, monitor patients for signs of lithium toxicity. Concomitant use of NSAIDs and methotrexate may increase the risk for methotrexate toxicity (e.g., neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, renal dysfunction). During concomitant use of indomethacin capsules and methotrexate, monitor patients for methotrexate toxicity. Concomitant use of indomethacin capsules and cyclosporine may increase cyclosporine’s nephrotoxicity. During concomitant use of indomethacin capsules and cyclosporine, monitor patients for signs of worsening renal function. NSAIDs and Salicylates Concomitant use of indomethacin with other NSAIDs or salicylates (e.g., diflunisal, salsalate) increases the risk of GI toxicity, with little or no increase in efficacy [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] . Combined use with diflunisal may be particularly hazardous because diflunisal causes significantly higher plasma levels of indomethacin [ see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. In some patients, combined use of indomethacin and diflunisal has been associated with fatal gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The concomitant use of indomethacin with other NSAIDs or salicylates, especially diflunisal, is not recommended. Concomitant use of indomethacin capsules and pemetrexed may increase the risk of pemetrexed-associated myelosuppression, renal, and GI toxicity (see the pemetrexed prescribing information). During concomitant use of indomethacin capsules and pemetrexed, in patients with renal impairment whose creatinine clearance ranges from 45 to 79 mL/min, monitor for myelosuppression, renal and GI toxicity. NSAIDs with short elimination half-lives (e.g., diclofenac, indomethacin) should be avoided for a period of two days before, the day of, and two days following administration of pemetrexed. In the absence of data regarding potential interaction between pemetrexed and NSAIDs with longer half-lives (e.g., meloxicam, nabumetone), patients taking these NSAIDs should interrupt dosing for at least five days before, the day of, and two days following pemetrexed administration. When indomethacin is given to patients receiving probenecid, the plasma levels of indomethacin are likely to be increased. During the concomitant use of indomethacin capsules and probenecid, a lower total daily dosage of indomethacin may produce a satisfactory therapeutic effect. When increases in the dose of indomethacin are made, they should be made carefully and in small increments. Effects on Laboratory Tests Indomethacin capsules reduces basal plasma renin activity (PRA), as well as those elevations of PRA induced by furosemide administration, or salt or volume depletion. These facts should be considered when evaluating plasma renin activity in hypertensive patients. False-negative results in the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) in patients being treated with indomethacin have been reported. Thus, results of the DST should be interpreted with caution in these patients. Risk Summary Use of NSAIDs, including indomethacin capsules, during the third trimester of pregnancy increases the risk of premature closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus. Avoid use of NSAIDs, including indomethacin capsules, in pregnant women starting at 30 weeks of gestation (third trimester). There are no adequate and well-controlled studies of indomethacin capsules in pregnant women. Data from observational studies regarding potential embryofetal risks of NSAID use in women in the first or second trimesters of pregnancy are inconclusive. In the general U.S. population, all clinically recognized pregnancies, regardless of drug exposure, have a background rate of 2 to 4% for major malformations, and 15 to 20% for pregnancy loss. In animal reproduction studies retarded fetal ossification was observed with administration of indomethacin to mice and rats during organogenesis at doses 0.1 and 0.2 times, respectively, the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD, 200 mg). In published studies in pregnant mice, indomethacin produced maternal toxicity and death, increased fetal resorptions, and fetal malformations at 0.1 times the MRHD. When rat and mice dams were dosed during the last three days of gestation, indomethacin produced neuronal necrosis in the offspring at 0.1 and 0.05 times the MRHD, respectively [see Data]. Based on animal data, prostaglandins have been shown to have an important role in endometrial vascular permeability, blastocyst implantation, and decidualization. In animal studies, administration of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors such as indomethacin, resulted in increased pre- and post-implantation loss. There are no studies on the effects of indomethacin capsules during labor or delivery. In animal studies, NSAIDs, including indomethacin, inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, cause delayed parturition, and increase the incidence of stillbirth. Animal data Reproductive studies were conducted in mice and rats at dosages of 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg/day. Except for retarded fetal ossification at 4 mg/kg/day (0.1 times [mice] and 0.2 times [rats] the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis, respectively) considered secondary to the decreased average fetal weights, no increase in fetal malformations was observed as compared with control groups. Other studies in mice reported in the literature using higher doses (5 to 15 mg/kg/day, 0.1 to 0.4 times MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis) have described maternal toxicity and death, increased fetal resorptions, and fetal malformations. In rats and mice, maternal indomethacin administration of 4 mg/kg/day (0.2 times and 0.1 times the MRHD on mg/m 2 basis) during the last 3 days of gestation was associated with an increased incidence of neuronal necrosis in the diencephalon in the live-born fetuses however no increase in neuronal necrosis was observed at 2 mg/kg/day as compared to the control groups (0.1 times and 0.05 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis). Administration of 0.5 or 4 mg/kg/day to offspring during the first 3 days of life did not cause an increase in neuronal necrosis at either dose level. Based on available published clinical data, indomethacin may be present in human milk. The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for indomethacin capsules and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed infant from the indomethacin capsules or from the underlying maternal condition. In one study, levels of indomethacin in breast milk were below the sensitivity of the assay (<20 mcg/L) in 11 of 15 women using doses ranging from 75 mg orally to 300 mg rectally daily (0.94 to 4.29 mg/kg daily) in the postpartum period. Based on these levels, the average concentration present in breast milk was estimated to be 0.27% of the maternal weight-adjusted dose. In another study indomethacin levels were measured in breast milk of eight postpartum women using doses of 75 mg daily and the results were used to calculate an estimated infant daily dose. The estimated infant dose of indomethacin from breast milk was less than 30 mcg/day or 4.5 mcg/kg/day assuming breast milk intake of 150 mL/kg/day. This is 0.5% of the maternal weight-adjusted dosage or about 3% of the neonatal dose for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus. Based on the mechanism of action, the use of prostaglandin-mediated NSAIDs, including indomethacin capsules, may delay or prevent rupture of ovarian follicles, which has been associated with reversible infertility in some women. Published animal studies have shown that administration of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors has the potential to disrupt prostaglandin-mediated follicular rupture required for ovulation. Small studies in women treated with NSAIDs have also shown a reversible delay in ovulation. Consider withdrawal of NSAIDs, including indomethacin capsules, in women who have difficulties conceiving or who are undergoing investigation of infertility. Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients 14 years of age and younger has not been established. Indomethacin capsules should not be prescribed for pediatric patients 14 years of age and younger unless toxicity or lack of efficacy associated with other drugs warrants the risk. In experience with more than 900 pediatric patients reported in the literature or to the manufacturer who were treated with indomethacin capsules, side effects in pediatric patients were comparable to those reported in adults. Experience in pediatric patients has been confined to the use of indomethacin capsules. If a decision is made to use indomethacin for pediatric patients two years of age or older, such patients should be monitored closely and periodic assessment of liver function is recommended. There have been cases of hepatotoxicity reported in pediatric patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, including fatalities. If indomethacin treatment is instituted, a suggested starting dose is 1 to 2 mg/kg/day given in divided doses. Maximum daily dosage should not exceed 3 mg/kg/day or 150 to 200 mg/day, whichever is less. Limited data are available to support the use of a maximum daily dosage of 4 mg/kg/day or 150 to 200 mg/day, whichever is less. As symptoms subside, the total daily dosage should be reduced to the lowest level required to control symptoms, or the drug should be discontinued. Elderly patients, compared to younger patients, are at greater risk for NSAID-associated serious cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and/or renal adverse reactions. If the anticipated benefit for the elderly patient outweighs these potential risks, start dosing at the low end of the dosing range, and monitor patients for adverse effects [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.6, 5.13)]. Indomethacin may cause confusion or rarely, psychosis [ see Adverse Reactions (6.1)]; physicians should remain alert to the possibility of such adverse effects in the elderly. Indomethacin and its metabolites are known to be substantially excreted by the kidneys, and the risk of adverse reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, use caution in this patient population, and it may be useful to monitor renal function [ see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)]. Symptoms following acute NSAID overdosages have been typically limited to lethargy, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain, which have been generally reversible with supportive care. Gastrointestinal bleeding has occurred. Hypertension, acute renal failure, respiratory depression, and coma have occurred, but were rare [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.1, 5.2, 5.4, 5.6)]. Manage patients with symptomatic and supportive care following an NSAID overdosage. There are no specific antidotes. Consider emesis and/or activated charcoal (60 to 100 grams in adults, 1 to 2 grams per kg of body weight in pediatric patients) and/or osmotic cathartic in symptomatic patients seen within four hours of ingestion or in patients with a large overdosage (5 to 10 times the recommended dosage). Forced diuresis, alkalinization of urine, hemodialysis, or hemoperfusion may not be useful due to high protein binding. For additional information about overdosage treatment contact a poison control center (1-800-222-1222). Indomethacin Capsules, USP are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, available as capsules containing 25 mg and 50 mg of indomethacin, USP, administered for oral use. The chemical name is 1-( p-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methylindole-3-acetic acid. The molecular weight is 357.79. Its molecular formula is C 19H 16ClNO 4, and it has the following chemical structure. Indomethacin, USP is a white to yellow crystalline powder. It is practically insoluble in water and sparingly soluble in alcohol, chloroform, and in ether. It has a pKa of 4.5 and is stable in neutral or slightly acidic media and decomposes in strong alkali. The inactive ingredients in Indomethacin Capsules, USP 25 mg and 50 mg include: colloidal silicon dioxide, FD&C Blue No. 1, FD&C Yellow No. 5, gelatin, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium starch glycolate and titanium dioxide. The imprinting ink contains: black iron oxide, butyl alcohol, dehydrated alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide, propylene glycol, shellac and strong ammonia solution. Indomethacin has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. The mechanism of action of indomethacin capsules, like that of other NSAIDs, is not completely understood but involves inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2). Indomethacin is a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis in vitro. Indomethacin concentrations reached during therapy have produced in vivo effects. Prostaglandins sensitize afferent nerves and potentiate the action of bradykinin in inducing pain in animal models. Prostaglandins are mediators of inflammation. Because indomethacin is an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, its mode of action may be due to a decrease of prostaglandins in peripheral tissues. Following single oral doses of indomethacin capsules 25 mg or 50 mg, indomethacin is readily absorbed, attaining peak plasma concentrations of about 1 and 2 mcg/mL, respectively, at about 2 hours. Orally administered indomethacin capsules are virtually 100% bioavailable, with 90% of the dose absorbed within 4 hours. A single 50 mg dose of indomethacin oral suspension was found to be bioequivalent to a 50 mg indomethacin capsules when each was administered with food. With a typical therapeutic regimen of 25 or 50 mg three times a day, the steady-state plasma concentrations of indomethacin are an average 1.4 times those following the first dose. Indomethacin is highly bound to protein in plasma (about 99%) over the expected range of therapeutic plasma concentrations. Indomethacin has been found to cross the blood-brain barrier and the placenta, and appears in breast milk. Indomethacin exists in the plasma as the parent drug and its desmethyl, desbenzoyl, and desmethyldesbenzoyl metabolites, all in the unconjugated form. Appreciable formation of glucuronide conjugates of each metabolite and of indomethacin are formed. Indomethacin is eliminated via renal excretion, metabolism, and biliary excretion. Indomethacin undergoes appreciable enterohepatic circulation. About 60% of an oral dose is recovered in urine as drug and metabolites (26% as indomethacin and its glucuronide), and 33% is recovered in feces (1.5% as indomethacin). The mean half-life of indomethacin is estimated to be about 4.5 hours. Pediatric: The pharmacokinetics of indomethacin capsules has not been investigated in pediatric patients. Race: Pharmacokinetic differences due to race have not been identified. Hepatic Impairment: The pharmacokinetics of indomethacin capsules has not been investigated in patients with hepatic impairment. Renal Impairment: The pharmacokinetics of indomethacin capsules has not been investigated in patients with renal impairment [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.6)] . Drug Interaction Studies Aspirin: In a study in normal volunteers, it was found that chronic concurrent administration of 3.6 g of aspirin per day decreases indomethacin blood levels approximately 20% [ see Drug Interactions (7)] . When NSAIDs were administered with aspirin, the protein binding of NSAIDs were reduced, although the clearance of free NSAID was not altered. The clinical significance of this interaction is not known. See Table 2 for clinically significant drug interactions of NSAIDs with aspirin [ see Drug Interactions (7)] . Diflunisal: In normal volunteers receiving indomethacin, the administration of diflunisal decreased the renal clearance and significantly increased the plasma levels of indomethacin [ see Drug Interactions (7)] . Carcinogenesis In an 81-week chronic oral toxicity study in the rat at doses up to 1 mg/kg/day (0.05 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis), indomethacin had no tumorigenic effect. Indomethacin produced no neoplastic or hyperplastic changes related to treatment in carcinogenic studies in the rat (dosing period 73 to 110 weeks) and the mouse (dosing period 62 to 88 weeks) at doses up to 1.5 mg/kg/day (0.04 times [mice] and 0.07 times [rats] the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis, respectively). Indomethacin did not have any mutagenic effect in in vitro bacterial tests and a series of in vivo tests including the host-mediated assay, sex-linked recessive lethals in Drosophila, and the micronucleus test in mice. Impairment of Fertility Indomethacin at dosage levels up to 0.5 mg/kg/day had no effect on fertility in mice in a two generation reproduction study (0.01 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis) or a two litter reproduction study in rats (0.02 times the MRHD on a mg/m 2 basis). Indomethacin has been shown to be an effective anti-inflammatory agent, appropriate for long-term use in rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and osteoarthritis. Indomethacin capsules affords relief of symptoms; it does not alter the progressive course of the underlying disease. Indomethacin capsules suppress inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis as demonstrated by relief of pain, and reduction of fever, swelling and tenderness. Improvement in patients treated with indomethacin capsules for rheumatoid arthritis has been demonstrated by a reduction in joint swelling, average number of joints involved, and morning stiffness; by increased mobility as demonstrated by a decrease in walking time; and by improved functional capability as demonstrated by an increase in grip strength. Indomethacin capsules may enable the reduction of steroid dosage in patients receiving steroids for the more severe forms of rheumatoid arthritis. In such instances the steroid dosage should be reduced slowly and the patients followed very closely for any possible adverse effects. Indomethacin capsules, USP are available containing either 50 mg of indomethacin, USP. The 50 mg capsule is a size ‘1’ two piece opaque green hard gelatin capsules imprinted with ‘G302’ on the body and ‘G’ on the cap, filled with white to off-white granular powder. They are available as follows: Bottles of 20 capsules NDC 43063-929-20 Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Protect from light. Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Medication Guide) that accompanies each prescription dispensed. Inform patients, families, or their caregivers of the following information before initiating therapy with indomethacin capsules and periodically during the course of ongoing therapy. Advise patients to be alert for the symptoms of cardiovascular thrombotic events, including chest pain, shortness of breath, weakness, or slurring of speech, and to report any of these symptoms to their health care provider immediately [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. Advise patients to report symptoms of ulcerations and bleeding, including epigastric pain, dyspepsia, melena, and hematemesis to their health care provider. In the setting of concomitant use of low-dose aspirin for cardiac prophylaxis, inform patients of the increased risk for and the signs and symptoms of GI bleeding [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]. Inform patients of the warning signs and symptoms of hepatotoxicity (e.g., nausea, fatigue, lethargy, pruritus, diarrhea, jaundice, right upper quadrant tenderness, and “flu-like” symptoms). If these occur, instruct patients to stop indomethacin capsules and seek immediate medical therapy [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)]. Heart Failure and Edema Advise patients to be alert for the symptoms of congestive heart failure including shortness of breath, unexplained weight gain, or edema and to contact their healthcare provider if such symptoms occur [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)]. Anaphylactic Reactions Inform patients of the signs of an anaphylactic reaction (e.g., difficulty breathing, swelling of the face or throat). Instruct patients to seek immediate emergency help if these occur [ see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.7)]. Serious Skin Reactions Advise patients to stop indomethacin capsules immediately if they develop any type of rash and to contact their healthcare provider as soon as possible [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)]. Female Fertility Advise females of reproductive potential who desire pregnancy that NSAIDs, including indomethacin capsules, may be associated with a reversible delay in ovulation [ see Use in Specific Populations (8.3)]. Fetal Toxicity Inform pregnant women to avoid use of indomethacin capsules and other NSAIDs starting at 30 weeks gestation because of the risk of the premature closing of the fetal ductus arteriosus [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.10) and Use in Specific Populations (8.1)]. Avoid Concomitant Use of NSAIDs Inform patients that the concomitant use of indomethacin capsules with other NSAIDs or salicylates (e.g., diflunisal, salsalate) is not recommended due to the increased risk of gastrointestinal toxicity, and little or no increase in efficacy [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) and Drug Interactions (7)]. Alert patients that NSAIDs may be present in “over the counter” medications for treatment of colds, fever, or insomnia. Use of NSAIDs and Low-Dose Aspirin Inform patients not to use low-dose aspirin concomitantly with indomethacin capsules until they talk to their healthcare provider [ see Drug Interactions (7)]. SPL UNCLASSIFIED SECTION Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Colvale-Bardez, Goa 403 513, India Manufactured for: Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Inc., USA Questions? 1 (888) 721-7115 www.glenmarkpharma.com/usa Medication Guide for Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) This Medication Guide has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. What is the most important information I should know about medicines called Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)? NSAIDs can cause serious side effects, including: Increased risk of a heart attack or stroke that can lead to death. This risk may happen early in treatment and may increase: with increasing doses of NSAIDs with longer use of NSAIDs Do not take NSAIDs right before or after a heart surgery called a “coronary artery bypass graft (CABG).” Avoid taking NSAIDs after a recent heart attack, unless your healthcare provider tells you to. You may have an increased risk of another heart attack if you take NSAIDs after a recent heart attack. Increased risk of bleeding, ulcers, and tears (perforation) of the esophagus (tube leading from the mouth to the stomach), stomach and intestines: anytime during use without warning symptoms that may cause death The risk of getting an ulcer or bleeding increases with: past history of stomach ulcers, or stomach or intestinal bleeding with use of NSAIDs taking medicines called “corticosteroids”, “anticoagulants”, “SSRIs”, or “SNRIs” increasing doses of NSAIDs longer use of NSAIDs older age bleeding problems NSAIDs should only be used: exactly as prescribed at the lowest dose possible for your treatment for the shortest time needed What are NSAIDs? NSAIDs are used to treat pain and redness, swelling, and heat (inflammation) from medical conditions such as different types of arthritis, menstrual cramps, and other types of short-term pain. Who should not take NSAIDs? Do not take NSAIDs: if you have had an asthma attack, hives, or other allergic reaction with aspirin or any other NSAIDs. right before or after heart bypass surgery. Before taking NSAIDs, tell your healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including if you: have liver or kidney problems have high blood pressure have asthma are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Talk to your healthcare provider if you are considering taking NSAIDs during pregnancy. You should not take NSAIDs after 29 weeks of pregnancy. are breastfeeding or plan to breast feed . Tell your healthcare provider about all of the medicines you take, including prescription or over-the-counter medicines, vitamins or herbal supplements. NSAIDs and some other medicines can interact with each other and cause serious side effects. Do not start taking any new medicine without talking to your healthcare provider first. What are the possible side effects of NSAIDs? See “ What is the most important information I should know about medicines called Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)?” new or worse high blood pressure liver problems including liver failure kidney problems including kidney failure low red blood cells (anemia) life-threatening skin reactions life-threatening allergic reactions Other side effects of NSAIDs include: stomach pain, constipation, diarrhea, gas, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. Get emergency help right away if you get any of the following symptoms: shortness of breath or trouble breathing weakness in one part or side of your body swelling of the face or throat Stop taking your NSAID and call your healthcare provider right away if you get any of the following symptoms: more tired or weaker than usual your skin or eyes look yellow indigestion or stomach pain vomit blood there is blood in your bowel movement or it is black and sticky like tar unusual weight gain skin rash or blisters with fever swelling of the arms, legs, hands and feet If you take too much of your NSAID, call your healthcare provider or get medical help right away. These are not all the possible side effects of NSAIDs. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist about NSAIDs. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Other information about NSAIDs Aspirin is an NSAID but it does not increase the chance of a heart attack. Aspirin can cause bleeding in the brain, stomach, and intestines. Aspirin can also cause ulcers in the stomach and intestines. Some NSAIDs are sold in lower doses without a prescription (over-the-counter). Talk to your healthcare provider before using over-the-counter NSAIDs for more than 10 days. General information about the safe and effective use of NSAIDs Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide. Do not use NSAIDs for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give NSAIDs to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. If you would like more information about NSAIDs, talk with your healthcare provider. You can ask your pharmacist or healthcare provider for information about NSAIDs that is written for health professionals. Package/Label Display Panel indomethacin capsule Product Type HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG Item Code (Source) NDC:43063-929(NDC:68462-302) Route of Administration ORAL INDOMETHACIN (UNII: XXE1CET956) (INDOMETHACIN - UNII:XXE1CET956) INDOMETHACIN 50 mg SODIUM LAURYL SULFATE (UNII: 368GB5141J) GELATIN, UNSPECIFIED (UNII: 2G86QN327L) D&C YELLOW NO. 10 (UNII: 35SW5USQ3G) SODIUM STARCH GLYCOLATE TYPE A POTATO (UNII: 5856J3G2A2) FD&C BLUE NO. 1 (UNII: H3R47K3TBD) MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE (UNII: OP1R32D61U) BUTYL ALCOHOL (UNII: 8PJ61P6TS3) ALCOHOL (UNII: 3K9958V90M) ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL (UNII: ND2M416302) POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE (UNII: WZH3C48M4T) SHELLAC (UNII: 46N107B71O) AMMONIA (UNII: 5138Q19F1X) Color green Score no score Shape CAPSULE Size 19mm Flavor Imprint Code G302;G NDC:43063-929-20 20 in 1 BOTTLE, PLASTIC; Type 0: Not a Combination Product 01/09/2019 ANDA ANDA091276 12/22/2010 Labeler - PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (156893695) Registrant - PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (156893695) PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 156893695 repack(43063-929) Boxed Warnings, Report Adverse Events, FDA Safety Recalls, Presence in Breast Milk INDOMETHACIN- indomethacin capsule Apr 26, 2019 8 download Jan 16, 2019 7 download 1 197818 indomethacin 50 MG Oral Capsule PSN 2 197818 Indomethacin 50 MG Oral Capsule SCD https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/labelrss.cfm?setid=009097a5-2c1e-4f5d-8054-896cf896cb3d	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1162
__label__cc	0.670874	0.329126	Logic+Emotion Logic+Emotion by David Armano explores the thinking and practice of building responsive & resilient brands in a connected world Selfie Stories « What Bin Laden's Death Teaches Us About Modern Media \| Main \| Human Business Is Social Business » Serious Play: The Business of Social Currency Originally featured on Harvard Business Review I've just spent my first week on the social network/game called Empire Avenue, a new kind of site. If Twitter encourages us to tell the world what we are doing, and Foursquare tempts us to tell the world where we are doing it, then Empire Avenue asks us to determine what we think our friends and brands we like are worth. The network is partially a fantasy stock market which allows you to "buy and sell" profiles, whether they are profiles of friends or companies. It uses it's own currency system called "eaves." Empire Avenue highlights a pervasive trend that will likely influence the business world in the long term. Like many other platforms, including popular networks such as Facebook, Empire Avenue caters to human psychological factors and uses game techniques to reward participation and encourage a participant to willingly "give up" what is truly valuable in business--data. So why would someone want to give up data? Facebook knows the answer to this question: social currency. Social currency is shared information that encourages further social encounters. It's not a new concept, but the social web increases its prevalence. In the web-based collaboration software platform called Rypple, a simple act of thanking someone on a team and using a badge as a way to show your gratitude is a form of social currency. A platform called Badgeville promises to add virtual rewards to your digital media property through leaderboards and virtual "badges" that act as reinforcements to reward certain behaviors and encourage others. As someone who has taken a deep dive in several social networks (I joined Twitter in 2007) and observes both the gaming and currency aspects of them, I do believe these dynamics will influence the business world as it becomes more connected. In this "social reward" economy, here are a few things you may want to consider as you manage teams and work to build the brand(s) of your organization. Competition. Not everyone enjoys competition, but competitive environments often generate more participation, and friendly competition can lead to positive results. In the case of internal collaboration, for example, having teams "compete" can motivate them to perform better. I was once invited by Procter & Gamble to "compete" in a fundraiser using our social networks to sell T-shirts for a cause. A real time "leaderboard" let every team know what their status was. It generated a friendly sense of competition and motivated the teams to turn up the heat. Play. Features that encourage participants to play are often effective ways to increase participation and engagement. When Twitter acquired the popular Tweetie application, it included a "slot machine" in the user interface to help communicate the pending acquisition. It made a fun feature in the app even more enjoyable. Rewards. A system that keeps count of your accomplishments typically acts as the primary reward for an individual who chooses to continue to participate. Businesses have made a science out of loyalty programs already; in the emerging connected economy, points may be more subjective. An online platform called Klout acts as a new type of loyalty program by partnering with brands and offering deals to members who have relatively high scores. Status. If you're of a certain age, you might recall walking up to an arcade game and seeing the top users display ranked by the score of their game with their initials. Excellent players whose initials dominated the screen gained a certain--at least at that particular game in that particular arcade. A relatively new platform called Socmetrics (disclosure: an Edelman partner) dives deep into topics and scores individuals or companies against those topics indicating a status tied to influence in a specific topic or category. For businesses, this can be valuable in knowing who's who in regards to the topics you care about. These examples represent just a small sample of the ways business is being gamefied. It's worth noting that there is a downside to all of this--as with any game, opportunities exist to cheat it or rig it. However, your customers, employees, and even business partners are likely spending scores of hours on their social network of choice trading in some type of social currency, even if they don't know it. Technology doesn't replace human behavior as much as it can amplify it, and this is one trend that more of us will likely feel the impact over time. Posted on Thursday, May 05, 2011 in Social Business \| Permalink Edelman and Dynamic Signal Partnership Intellectual Pizza: Video Fragmentation Brand U.O: Personal Brands Confessions of an Intrapreneur Salon @ SXSW 2014 Allhat @ SXSW TEDx: Reinventing Social Media US Dairy: Where Good Comes From Cars.com Superbowl Responsive Marketing Social Intelligence Command Center Edelman Digital Chicago Sizzle Reel 2013 Social Business Planning Visual Thinking Archive A Manifesto A Visual Archive Activist Economy Brand Activism Collaborative Economy Consumer Activism Responsive Brand Social Business Design Thinking Visually	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1170
__label__wiki	0.551119	0.551119	Demographics Young People (2) Business and Economy (1) Education (1) Employment and Skills (1) Environment (1) Housing (1) Transparency (1) Transport (1) Show 4 more... Spreadsheet (4) CSV File (3) Website (1) ZIP File (1) Office for National Statistics (ONS) (3) Greater London Authority (GLA) (1) HM Revenue & Customs (1) camden demography barking-and-dagenham (5) barnet (5) bexley (5) brent (5) bromley (5) city-of-london (5) croydon (5) ealing (5) enfield (5) greenwich (5) hackney (5) hammersmith-and-fulham (5) haringey (5) harrow (5) havering (5) hillingdon (5) hounslow (5) islington (5) kensington-and-chelsea (5) kingston-upon-thames (5) lambeth (5) lewisham (5) merton (5) newham (5) redbridge (5) richmond-upon-thames (5) southwark (5) sutton (5) tower-hamlets (5) waltham-forest (5) wandsworth (5) westminster (5) boroughs (2) census (2) children (2) population (2) 2011 (1) benefits (1) Show 35 more... Try typing: demography, camden, barnet, bexley, brent, bromley, city-of-london... Demographics camden demography Number of civil partnership ceremonies by place of formation. The Civil Partnership Act 2004 came into force on 5 December 2005 in the UK, the first day couples could give notice of their intention to form a civil partnership. The first day that couples could normally form a partnership was 19 December 2005 in Northern Ireland, 20 December 2005 in Scotland and 21 December 2005 in England and Wales (18 civil partnerships were formed und... × 2 (57 kB) waltham-forestealingceremonieslewishamsuttonnewham Historical Census Population Estimates of London's population between 1801 and 2001 (persons present 1801 to 1991 and residents for 2001 onwards) derived from historic Census data. Sources: years to 1971 - Greater London Council Research Memorandum 413, The Changing Population of the London Boroughs; 1981 Census Small Area Statistics, Table 1; 1991 Census Small Area Statistics, Table 1. Figure for Year-1939 is a mid-year estimate for the year 1939. Figure for Year-... city-of-londonlambethbromleyislingtonhillingdoncamden Detailed Country of birth (2011 Census), Borough Detailed Country of birth, by borough from the 2011 Census. Most detailed country of birth (274 countries), by borough. Data taken from 2011 Census Commissioned table CT0048 (ONS). Source: 2011 Census (27 March). File contains two tables of the same data with boroughs arranged down the side and along the top. Visualise the data in this Instant Atlas report. Similar data to this at ward level is available in this census tool. enfieldsuttoncroydonharingeydetailedealing	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1171
__label__cc	0.735028	0.264972	Submit Profile Remove A Profile Maple Match and Bernie Singles: two dating sites built for the 2016 election May 12, 2016 Category: In The News Last month, two colleagues and I swiped our way through Tinder, Hinge and Bumble looking for daters who made clear mention of politics or the 2016 presidential campaign. While we found some #NeverTrumps and photos with father-son Bush statues, the overall tone was apolitical. Perhaps that’s because those dating apps have wide, general audiences. After all, as Match reported in its latest Singles in America survey, 79 percent of singles don’t have a problem dating someone of another political party. Only 6 percent of those in the 5,000-person survey said it was essential that their partner held the same political beliefs. So here come two sites for liberals or anti-Trump Republicans in that 6 percent: Maple Match and Bernie Singles. Maple Match (motto: “Make dating great again”) is designed to find Canadian partners for Americans looking to flee a prospective President Trump. (The site hasn’t launched yet, but the Guardian reports that about 5,000 people have signed up to become members.) “When this election came about and I started seeing Donald Trump and the rise of his candidacy, I started getting concerned, just like anybody else,” Joe Goldman, Maple Match’s founder, told the Guardian. “I thought it might be interesting to try something like this out.” The early enthusiasm for Maple Match might not be all about politics. “This site shows that a lot of people are frustrated with the current dating options,” Goldman said. “A lot of Americans really want to meet Canadians. They’re looking for something new and something better.” If you’re looking to stay a little closer to home and you’re feeling the Bern, there’s Bernie Singles, which aims to bring progressives together – and assures you that “yes, Bernie supporters exist outside of Facebook.” Bernie bros and gals will need someone who understands them during a Clinton-Trump general election, right? Enter Bernie Singles. Unlike Maple Match, it’s already up and running. In the gender, sexuality and relationship options, there are plenty of progressive choices. You can register as male, female, genderqueer or transgender – and as straight, gay, lesbian, bisexual, pansexual, queer or asexual. Let’s not leave anyone out! You need not be single to join – you can register as married, too, or “prefer not to say” if you want to be really coy. Under hobbies, activism, appropriately, is the first option. Bernie Singles looks like a cross between a bare-bones social network and a dating site. There are public groups you can join – for Sanders supporters who are atheists, environmentalists, “geeks” or identify as LGBT. “We help connect progressives beyond social media to inspire chemistry among folks who share similar visions of the future,” Bernie Singles says on its homepage. “The 1% are not the only ones getting screwed this election season.” Source:http://www.houstonchronicle.com/life/article/Maple-Match-and-Bernie-Singles-two-dating-sites-7464302.php Posted in In The NewsTagged Dating, Election, Online DOWNLOAD THE DATING SCAMS 101 APP FOR APPLE & ANDROID App FeaturesSubmit StoriesRemove LinksLive Chat Rooms Start Your Own Forum Read And Search Stories See List Of Male & Female Scammers Post Pictures And Description Of Your Scammer Dating Scams 101 & Dating Scammers is a service provided by National Cyber Security Ventures, Corporation.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1177
__label__cc	0.704574	0.295426	Is evolution science The debate "Is evolution science" was started by Christian on February 1, 2017, 3:57 pm. By the way, Christian is disagreeing with this statement. 89 people are on the agree side of this discussion, while 31 people are on the disagree side. That might be enough to see the common perception. It looks like most of the people in this community are on the agreeing side of this statement. PoliticsAsUsual posted 7 arguments, PsychDave posted 32 arguments, TheExistentialist posted 31 arguments, Nemiroff posted 7 arguments, Blu_Ray posted 7 arguments, Yanksxx21 posted 1 argument, ProfDoke posted 2 arguments to the agreers part. Christian posted 38 arguments, Nemiroff posted 12 arguments, neveralone posted 8 arguments, Ematio posted 21 arguments, UnderdogMike posted 23 arguments to the disagreers part. PoliticsAsUsual, SharpHost, PsychDave, Your_dad, carrieunderwood007, historybuff, slipknot, dalton7532, Blue_ray, ScepticalPeasent, TheExistentialist, Jona, smv2005, seanlaw688, LSpalding, Regine, shehab, CoreyO, hjlr71, danielle, Adrian, Yanksxx21, redstar, Blu_Ray, Brayden24, blue_rayy, sabrina, Thepanther, wayneSPEC, Pnbshady, ProfDoke, Jericho, diana26, RedstarIsWeird, Nemiroff, castor and 53 visitors agree. Stidlet, lilmiller, thereal, Liberator, Christian, Matthew_Daniel, skeletonbones, UnderdogMike, Ematio, mmjd14, ChloeLMc and 20 visitors disagree. what is the "kinds" argument? all he did was quote the phrase from the bible, which seemed more vague than nonsense. ProfDoke Don't get me started on Ken Ham, the most ignorant pretentious creationist of the all. Are you really going to use the "kinds" argument. That's not a wise thing to do. After all it is logical Bollocks. can't you see it clearly in their features? are you really going to say that wolves and bears look more different than wolves and chihuahuas? I gave you a link answering that. Did you read it? Ematio What's the evidence that bears share a common ancestor with dogs? yes, I assumed we agreed there. but what features set the bears too far for adaptation to reach? So do dogs and bears. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caniformia Dogs and wolves had a common ancestor. it's all the same code. the changes are the length/thickness of hair, amount of fat or size of similar muscles. a few behaviors tweets. what exactly is this unbridgavle distance between bears and dogs... well dogs went survival of the cutest thanks to us, but let's say wolves (you'd agree dogs and wolves are related right?) so bears and wolves, what's the major difference that adaptation can't bridge? I think the point is being mixed up a bit. It isn't that a bear turns into a dog. It is that they share an ancestor. Imagine a small animal like a mouse. Two separate groups exist. One lives in the prairies. Over many generations, the ones that are better at digging survive more and reproduce more, so the population of tunneling mice starts to get bigger. Once they have a safe way to hide, the larger ones have an advantage competing for food, so they population tends to get bigger. This turns into something like a prairie dog. Another group lives in the forest. They eat nuts and fruit. The ones that are better climbers out compete their grounded fellows, since they don't have to wait for the food to fall. Over time those with better balance fall less. Now we have squirrels. It isn't that one animal turns into another, it is that they share an ancestor. You aren't suddenly going to turn into your cousin, but you share ancestors. The same way you can trade your family tree to see the connection between yourself and distant relatives we can trade the ancestry of animals. We have many fossils that show points in between. We can visibly trace the path of evolution by looking at fossils, and we can also trace it genetically. All the bear can do is to only reuse genetic data or scramble it. It cannot create any genetic code. just small changes. let's look at the changes that happened in tens. a difference of giant fatty white polar bears and smaller faster black bears. I'm sure they have other differences including diet and teeth and such but whatever that is, do that 10 more times. and we have 100 of thousands. 10 more phases of equivalent changes. I'd say that would qualify as a dog at that point. same thing. furry on all 4s. snout, smell primary, similar teeth, more meat diet but both can eat varying non meats. it's mostly size, and maybe the shape of specific features like claws and chest. easy "adaptive" changes no? so after tens of thousands of years, the bear split into 2 bear like species. at this point do the changes stop? what about another set of tens of thousands? or even 100s of thousands of years, can't one of the bears continue to slim down and become something closer to a dog or cat? Yes, I would consider that evolution, as that bear did not turn into a dog or a fish. Okay, let me clarify the perfection part. We were created as perfect humans, only God has that perfection you speak of. don't you think ignorance is a flaw? Being perfect means there is no flaw or problems. OK so let's say a species of animals splits into 2 and separate completely, and over tens of thousands of years, become 2 different similar species, like black bears and polar bears. that is what you would consider adaptation, but not evolution, right? no, the definition of perfect is perfection, nothing is better. if something is better, than you are not perfect. I think you guys are confusing perfection with something that is just very good. Alright, your definition of perfect is a little skewed in this sense, I don't mean any offense. If I'm making a computer, and I create it to only have 2 functions, then I have created it exactly the way I wanted, correct? In order to know if something is perfect, you have to look through the eyes of the creator of creation. Just because we weren't created all knowing (I don't knkw if we were) and equal to God does not mean that we were not perfect. For the survival of the fittest, it would work the same way to how it works in the theory of evolution. Let's get the mass extinction event cleared up. Before the flood, Noah brought every animal after its kind onto the ark. These animals were probably packed with genetic potential being so early in history (As we know, DNA breaks down over time). So after the water dried up, the animals spread, reproduced, and thus many different species came from an ancestor, like how all the different breeds of dogs came from wolves. Adaptation is not the same as evolution. You know darwins finches, correct? Yes, they adapted to different living conditions, the same way we do, but they never changed into different animals. Adaptations are changes from a from one species to another, staying within the family, while evolution is the changing of one class to another, much different and something not observed. Adam and Eve lived in a perfect world and ruined it for themselves just because they didn't obey one simple rule. wait. everything was perfect? we were perfect? equal to god? all knowing, all power, flawless beings? I really don't think that is the case. can you defend that, or please change your answer to my first question. as to my belief in god, for the sake of this discussion let's assume the existence of god. If you want to ask that other question, feel free to make a separate thread. survival of the fittest makes sense in any theory. it's not that complex of a theory. but in a creation model wouldn't that result in fewer species over time as they die off? especially after a mass extinction event? also what is the difference between diversification / adaptation and evolution. that is pretty much the definition of evolution Nemiroff, what evidence would it take for you to believe there is a God? Alsi, just because the Bible doesn't give a process doesn't mean there wasn't one. The Bible is not a book of science. Science is also good, it's just you can't reallu use it in every situation It's not that God didn't create us perfect in the first place, it's that he gave us a mind and a free will. He didn't create slaves Alright, for your first question: In the beginning, God created everything, and He saw that it was good. Everything was perfect. God created humans. God gave the first humans (Adam and Eve) a choice: Don't eat of the tree of knowledge of good and evil and you will live a perfect life, and a second option, eat of the tree of knowledge of good and evil and suffer the consequences of you rejecting me. They chose the second option... This brought corruption into the world by sinning (Evil, entrophy, disease, etc...) That is why we have diseases like cancer and suffering. Also, I believe God had the ability to create animals so that they could adapt and diversify. Not the same thing as evolution, survival of the fittest fits perfectly well into creation theory and also, you can look at the bible as a life for dummies book. if your going to try to teach a cavemen about computers, are you going to tell him about processors and transistors? how RAM works and what bytes are? no! your just going to point to the on button and tell him it just works. it would be mind numbing explains such a complex thing to a caveman. why do you think God would go into the full details of the creation of life to first civilization savages? he would just say "I did it, and it was good". does that mean there was no process??? the Bible itself is completely vague on the issue. but we should objectively view the context of who is sending the message. God is perfect, yet this reality and everything in it is not. for whatever reason God chose to not allow perfection here. however, don't you think his crowning creation (life) would be as great as possible? so what's more worthy of a divine origin? life, that although not perfect in every situation, can adapt to being the perfect being in their current situation, and can change when the situation changes? or a rigid line of species that will get screwed in any changes and will likely die out without consistent divine protection? it seems to me that your view limits God's power and intelligence. why would a perfect being create such an inflexible system. True, but the same can be said of creation. Look at Ken Hamm's work and tell me he is not deliberately manipulating information to fit what he wants it to say. Holding the Bible to your idea of how we have different species is not right. You have to compare the two schools of thought not by holding the other idea to yours, you have to pit yourself in the shoes of the other and think how this could possibly be true, and how the evidence supports or contradicts it but I'm not talking about Noahs time. I'm talking about creation. the bible has been vague on this kind. and I see no mention of a necessary separate lineage. and I'm hoping God didn't intend to stuff them in like a chicken farm. you also don't need to worry about birds, but 6000 wouldn't even account for just the mammals. http://www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0934288.html Noah could have brought baby animals on the ark. 1. They eat less, they sleep more, more likely to survive. 2. They live longer after the flood and that's exactly the reason why Noah brought them. The ark could hold 500 railroad stock cars and that's enough for 6000 basic kinds of animals including the fish. That's 12 animals in every car and you don't even need to bring the fish. how literally do you read the bible? cause Noah is well into the future. Noah is already civilization. at that time the "fundamental forms" have ready diversified into something very similar to today. and to be honest, no matter how big the boat, it probably wasn't big enough. If they were the basic ones and there was only a few, why did God tell Noah to build the boat so big? perhaps those were the basic ones? were lizards and amphibians included with the mammals? having 4 limbs and a tail and all. fish obviously have no problem in a flood. so birds, mammals, and insects. and it said "bring forth the living creatures after HIS kind." we aren't even sure he's referring to the animal here and the specificity is completely vague. for all we know he's talking about mammal, amphibean, fish, when he means kind. and not specific like monkey, or starfish. even if you do read the Bible literally, there are many ways to interpret it's words. especially with the numerous translations... it didn't say anything about wolves and bears... all it said was "cattle". and cattle can mean anything, human beings have been called cattle. cattle is a term for something alive that serves the purpose of some greater entity, and in the garden of eden, all life served man. all of it was cattle collectively. even the bugs. And God said, Let the earth bring forth the living creature after his kind, cattle, and creeping thing, and beast of the earth after his kind: and it was so. Genesis:1:24 where in the bible did it say that? Because bear and dogs are not the same kind like the Bible said. what if the bear gets a little more slender, a little smarter, a littler more social. same 4 legs, tail, snout, fur. why not include dogs? a few more changes... solitary, stealthy, adapts to the night, bigger eyes... cats. actually most cats are closers to bears with huge size and immense power. so why not say God made a couple of general mammalian carnivores that became bears, cats, dogs, etc? They are still bears. It is equally likely all the species of bears in the world came from a couple of bears God created. what would happen if a single species is split into 2 separate groups, and both of those groups develop slightly different adaptations. could that differentiate them into polar bears and brown bears? could one become more large and powerful while the other becomes slender and agile? perhaps one groups develops more pack skills while the other chooses the solitary hunter approach, increasing night vision and eye size.... as all these changes build up constantly, more and more. whatever point you choose to look at these species, double the time, triple it won't these changes eventually add up to something that no longer looks the same as it's now very distant cousin? lactose tolerance in humans is a very new adaptation. shorter wings in birds that fly near highways. Is there any legitimate beneficial mutations? It cannot create new abilities. Adaptation could only go so far. A rat who lives in the mountains cannot get food faster by growing wings but by only expanding on the abilities it has. Adaptation is of course beneficial because an animal adapts to a environment to survive. Adaptation is not the same as mutations. adaptation is the end result of evolution. natural selection weeds out any unbenefitial mutations leaving only the ones that help the species adapt. Evolution is the change over many generations. This happens because some adaptation is beneficial, resulting in better survival of those with the trait. Adaptation is different from evolution. TheExistentialist A few minutes of research yielded the following: He's uses the same red herring argument many creationists use (macro-evolution vs micro-evolution). He accepts the concept of micro-evolution sure. However he questions this red-herring concept of macro-evolution. In reality, macro-evolution is simply a cumulative effect of micro-evolution. So if you believe in micro-evolution you also believe in macro-evolution. He states, in one of his essays :"Assuming that I have something significant to contribute to the evolution vs. creation debate, many ask me to speak and write concerning my thoughts on the topic. However, I do not have anything substantive to say about it. I am a layman on the subject. Although I have read about a half dozen books on the debate, maybe a dozen, and though I can speak authoritatively on complex chemical synthesis, I am not qualified to enter the public discussion on evolution vs. creation." So he already admits that he doesn't understand evolution. He is a chemist and as such weighs in on the current state of abiogenesis. The only thing he's been able to demonstrate is that we don't have a theory of abiogenesis. However, nothing he's said, done, or published has put into question the theory of evolution. He is simply stating that which every scientist would state: "we don't know how abiogenesis could have occured.". Let's talk about this: "getting 'close' to an exact date using modern dating methods might be 'good enough', but it hardly extrapolates out to millions or billions of years with any degree of credulity." When we talk about accuracy we measure it as a percentage. So if I have a method of dating that is accurate to within 99%, so if I date something that may dating method says is 100 yrs old, it is between 99-101 yrs old. If we examine radiometric dating, we can see that it has an accuracy of 99.993%. So, if we have a 1 billion yr time frame we have about a 700k yr leeway on either side. In geological time, that's nothing. Also, you don't need to get to 100% accuracy to make a claim about the fossil record. You simply have to know which layer is older and which is younger. So the challenge still stands: find a more advanced structure in a fossil layer not containing the precursor (cornea before a retina, a humanoid before apes, flowering plants before seeds, etc...). "you've been so indoctrinated into your beliefs that you are incapable of seeing the impossible before your eyes." I believe in evidence. You have not presented a single shred of evidence that discredits any of the science for evolution. You have questioned the fossil records based on ignorance of how fossilization occurs and a preconceived notion of what you'd like the fossil record to show rather than what it can show. You have argued that dating methods are based on fossil layers only (which I've shown you is false). You tried to claim that absolute dating methods are arbitrary. You tried to question the accuracy of radiometric dating, however r=0.99997, so it's not a valid challenge. You have tried to conflate evolution with abiogenesis (the two are different areas of study). While I agree that abiogenesis is a missing piece in science, and I will readily admit that a theory of abiogenesis is a ways off, the claim that a lack of a theory for abiogenesis somehow diminishing the validity of the theory of evolution is absurd. I've shown you how to falsify evolution via the fossil record, you can use the same principles to disprove it via molecular biology, or any line of inquiry. The reason I keep telling you that you need to learn is because you can't make a valid argument against evolution if you are ignorant of the science that supports it. You simply don't understand the theory of evolution and yet you try and argue against it. That just makes no sense. Blu_Ray UnderdogMike btw, the chemist i mentioned earlier is James Tour. give him a Google. i accept your apology. no hard feelings here. this is all in fun. cheers! you need to learn, you need to learn, you need to learn... you're a broken record. you've been so indoctrinated into your beliefs that you are incapable of seeing the impossible before your eyes. being able to date something within a few thousand years is not the same thing as claiming accuracy in dating over millions of years. you know how if you're sailing, and your compass is only half a degree off, you'll never reach your destination? well, getting 'close' to an exact date using modern dating methods might be 'good enough', but it hardly extrapolates out to millions or billions of years with any degree of credulity. formation of coal depends on degree of alteration. i.e. heat and pressure. Lignite ( the lowest quality of coal) is altered to bituminous . Bituminous is altered to anthracite( the best quality of coal) dude there are different types of coal, peat ,sub bituminous , bituminous and anthracite, lignite. Which type of coal? How is coal formed? That last bit sounded a bit more a$$hole'ish than intended. My apologies if I offended you. I do stand by the larger point though. How can you make this claim "these baselines are bases upon commonly held assumptions" when you don't even know how we validate radiometric dating or really know anything about the process or the science involved? Your bias is painfully obvious here. We have validated radiometric dating with known events like volcanic eruptions (like Vesuvius). We have cultural records of these events and know the dates to a fairly high degree of accuracy and can date rocks from those events. "they found human footprint and dinosaur fossil footprints side-by-side." You need to figure out how to evaluate your sources. Literally 3 minutes of research would have led you to academic articles which clearly show many of the Paluxy River Tracks to be frauds. The few genuine tracks which appear human are actually attributed to Apatosaurus and Acrocanthosaurus. Stop using information you get from answersingenesis.com, talk origins, the institute for creation research, etc... These "sources" (if you can even call them that) are known to pedal false information. You really need to learn how to actually use research databases, scholarly search engines, etc... It is painfully obvious you never learned how to research in school, so it's definitely time you caught up. You need to learn to evaluate sources, you need to learn the difference between primary, secondary, and tertiary sources, etc... These are things most people learn in highschool, so I'm always surprised when people don't understand these concepts. Your local library has classes on this though. Go spend an hour learning how to source information so you don't look so ignorant and gullible. While you're at it, take your son. He has the same shortcoming in his education So I looked into it. You are wrong. Rather than saying "look it up" how about you start providing evidence to support your claims? Yanksxx21 If that's true then they didn't have to occur at the same time at all.. BTW, they found human footprint and dinosaur fossil footprints side-by-side. Look it up. we have been using such dating methods for a scant few years. we therefore LITERALLY have no viable baseline by which to corroborate half lives of millions of years. these baselines are bases upon commonly held assumptions. Science had not only killed the human kind it has also rooted our culture and tradition no.... radiometric dating measures radioactive decay of various isotopes with different half lives. So if isotope x has a half life of 10,000 years, we know that in quantity "n" we will have 1/2n radioactive isotope x after 10k years and 1/4n after 20k years, 1/8n after 40k, etc... Different isotopes have different half lives, so can use different isotopes to get the most accurate number for the time frame we're looking at. We have validated this method in labs (actually measuring the decay rates) and by dating known events. electron spin resonance dating uses the fact that certain crystal matrices develop "holes" by surrounding radiation at a given rate (different crystals have different rates) we then measure the amount of damage and can infer an age. Again, this method is verified by lab experiments and by dating known events. thermoluminescence measure radiation accumulation rather than decay and let's us know when certain layers came into existence (igneous rocks) or when they saw sunlight (sedimentary rocks). paleomagnetism is the study of the record of the Earth's magnetic field in rocks, sediment, or archeological materials. Certain minerals in rocks lock-in a record of the direction and intensity of the magnetic field when they form. This record provides information on the past behavior of Earth's magnetic field and the past location of tectonic plates. The record of geomagnetic reversals preserved in volcanic and sedimentary rock sequences (magnetostratigraphy) provides a time-scale that is used as a geochronologic tool. These are absolute dating methods because they give us an absolute measure of the age of a rock. However, even if you used relative dating (faunal dating), you could still prove evolution wrong. If you find a mammal in a layer which is linked to the Cambrian period, then you'd still have disproved evolution. If you find a modern human fossils or modern mammals in the Morrison formation (sedimentary rock from the Jurassic period) you'd still have proved evolution wrong since we know that particular rock formation had to have formed before the first human ancestor. I'm about to pass out, but are not all of those methods drawn from pre-assumed baselines of dating? nite nite. Straw man accusation: Where did I argue a weaker version of your argument? oh boy..... While we can do "relative dating" through fossil records, to claim that it is the only dating method we have is simply ignorant of the facts again. In fact, it is only one method of doing relative dating. We have Superposition, Crosscutting Relationships, and Inclusions to do relative dating without the use of fossils. You can use absolute dating methods to date various strata. Have you heard of radiometric dating, electron spin resonance, or thermoluminescence? These are all absolute dating methods. 6 methods not based of fossils not enough? how about paleomagnetism? how about optical stimulating luminescence? straw man argument. you will claim any less developed genus comes before the more developed in chronology, simply because of said development. there is no absolutist dating method of fossils, or the creatures they represent, as there is no absolutely geological strata by which they can be dated. fossil layers are dated by the fossils they contain. it is circular reasoning in the extreme. let me ask you, how long can genetic materials exist that can be dated with semi-reliable scientific methods? soft tissue and such? "you know I was reading a nat geo decades ago, and a paleontologist was making the claim that according to darwinian evolution, there were so many trillions of fossil species, that every time someone found a new fossil, it should be a transitional form." we've come a long way in decades. The fossil record is becoming an ever more minor line of inquiry for evolution. You need to start looking to molecular biology for current information. As to your DNA claims. It's more likely that life originated from RNA, not DNA. "he also notes that in DNA there is a mechanism designed to correct errors in the code, but there is no mechanism for mutation" This is not true. Bacterial conjugative plasmids are a method for altering DNA; sexual reproduction is a methof for altering DNA, polyploid plants have methods for changing their existing genome. "DNA is an error correcting program" no, it is a storage, replication, and recombination program. It actually is really easy to manipulate and change. Just look at viruses. We can also measure the rate of genetic mutation. We have about 64 mutations per generation by the way. "do programs program themselves? do they happen by chance?" that's a silly way of introducing the watchmaker argument. "All you have to do, is find an example of a more complex system existing before it's more rudimentary precursor (i.e. find an eye with a lens before retinas evolved, find a flowering plant before pollinating insects, find a mammal in the pre-cambrian period, etc....)" Doesn't that depend on what you believe? If we have 2 fossils on a table, and one looks similar to another, and I say the more complex one created the less complex one, and you say the opposite, isn't that just the way you look at it? You're setting up a criteria of evidence that is only able to be mrt if you have your worldview. Find a new requirement that doesn't require your worldview to meet, just evidence well from "each appears in the fossil record complete and fully functional" I can only garner that you either mean that each fossil if physically complete (i.e. is completely present). Or you mean that things like formed limbs are present. I figured you'd understand evolution enough to not mean the second. However, if you believe that anatomical features like the eye appeared fully formed somewhere in the fossil record without a more simple predecessor you truly are clueless about evolution. I was really hoping that's not the point you were making. So please clarify your actual position so I can address it properly. It may help if you just provide actual examples of your points rather than non-descript talking points. "EVERY species must be at some point a successful enough species to produce a daughter species" no it doesn't. I don't know where you're getting this nonsense from. Natural selection, in fact, dictates that only some species will survive to have a progeny. So evolutionary dead ends are not just the exception, they are predicted by the theory of evolution. "you are blinded by your absolutist faith in evolution, if you cannot see the sad excuses you are making for the universal dearth of transitional species in the fossil record." I will make this very easy for you. I will give you the criteria by which you can falsify evolution. All you have to do, is find an example of a more complex system existing before it's more rudimentary precursor (i.e. find an eye with a lens before retinas evolved, find a flowering plant before pollinating insects, find a mammal in the pre-cambrian period, etc....). That's all you have to do. In turn, can you give me the evidence required to falsify your claims? If you can not, who here is blinded by absolutist faith? mutations might change your body. it might give you certain extra traits. How often are mutations good? How often are mutations good in humanity (Being immune to diseases isn't because of mutation, it's because of our immune systems) Mutations may be good sometime. Due to the presence of a dominant allele achieved from the other species, they can have better withstanding power towards heat, diseases, etc. Are they good mutations? Is inbreeding good? mutations occur by environmental factors. It can also occur due to geographical isolation or due to Cross breeding between different species of same genus. that's the theory. there is a chemist, his name escapes me, but he's one of the handful of scientists in the world capable of building nano-machines. anyway, he has challenged a myriad of other scientists to show him any process by which abiogenesis could occur. nobel prize winners, staff of elite schools, heads of the various fields of science, and nothing. he also notes that in DNA there is a mechanism designed to correct errors in the code, but there is no mechanism for mutation. on the contrary, the error correction mechanism would do it's best to eliminate mutations whenever possible. DNA is an error correcting program. let that sink in. a program. do programs program themselves? do they happen by chance? you might as well roll a rock off a cliff and expect it to become the statue of David at yhe bottom of the hill. evolition is science. species have evolved with time. Species have evolved from protoplasmic level to cellular level to tissue level to organ level to organ system level. If you look at the animal kingdom, there are animals with simple bodies to complex bodies. If you look at the phyla porifera, it consists of simple cellular organisms. However phylum like Coelenterata, Cnetophora have tissues. As we go further we see that Platyhelminthes, Nemathelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Hemichordata, they begin to form complex bodies. And finally we have chordates where we human belong to possess a notochord. So this proves animals have evolved from simpler body structure to complex body structure. We humans have evolved from a marine fish. you know I was reading a nat geo decades ago, and a paleontologist was making the claim that according to darwinian evolution, there were so many trillions of fossil species, that every time someone found a new fossil, it should be a transitional form. Darwin thought so, too, and assumed that over the decades, the fossil record would bear out his theory with countless transitional creatures. The fossil record proves the contrary. you make me laugh. you think I meant that each fossil is a complete set of bones? lol. the rest of your diatribe still fails to convince. the fact is nearly every fossil species has multiple copies, and EVERY species must be at some point a successful enough species to produce a daughter species. TRILLIONS of species later, you get the modern taxonomy. you are blinded by your absolutist faith in evolution, if you cannot see the sad excuses you are making for the universal dearth of transitional species in the fossil record. "...of the BILLIONS of extant fossils mankind has discovered in the world over the past century-and-a-half, we have only ever found about 250,000 fossil species. each appears in the fossil record complete and fully functional" This is not true, not all fossils are complete and functional. This is a flat out lie. In fact, the most common kind of fossilization is "partial fossilization". "...then of the countless TRILLIONS of species necessary to create the speciation existing in the world today and the countless darwinian dead ends...we should find that nearly every single fossil we find is a unique transitional species" You're argument displays a complete ignorance of the facts so it's hard to take you serious on the subject, but I will explain why the basis of your argument is invalid. You should know that fossilization is most likely for body parts which are mineralised. This means that fossilization of soft-bodied animals is so rare that if we find one, it is celebrated in the scientific community as a huge find. Since 2/3 of all animals that have ever lived are soft bodied, you already have to eliminate 66% from ever being part of the fossil record in any significant way. Add to that the fact that fossilization predominately occurs in the ocean and you eliminate a huge percentage of animals from ever being a part of the fossil record. Evolutionary dead ends are predicted by the theory of evolution and thus actually support the theory (natural selection). " we find sometimes MILLIONS of the SAME fossils. in fact finding only ONE copy of a species fossilized is extremely rare. we find copies. copies, copies, copies." this is exactly what you'd expect though if speciation through evolution is right though. Since you'd have smaller populations of some species (due to fitness) and larger populations of more successful species, you'd expect a larger number of the more successful species to be fossilized (chance/probability). You'd also expect to find more aquatic species due to the fact that most land creatures never get the chance to become fossilized unless they die next to a lake or stream. Indeed there may be whole species of land animals in which no fossil record has been discovered. By far the most common fossil remains are those of shelled invertebrate sea loving creatures such as snails, corrals, and clams. This is because their shells can sink and become buried even after their body decays. "No, I would say it would be a miracle if every species to ever have lived was part of the fossil record. Random members of random species fossilizing throughout millions of years seems entirely consistent with the probability rates of fossilization." now ask yourself if that is what we find in the fossil record? It is not. of the BILLIONS of extant fossils mankind has discovered in the world over the past century-and-a-half, we have only ever found about 250,000 fossil species. each appears in the fossil record complete and fully functional. and we find sometimes MILLIONS of the SAME fossils. in fact finding only ONE copy of a species fossilized is extremely rare. we find copies. copies, copies, copies. but... if, as you just said, " Random members of random species fossilizing throughout millions of years seems entirely consistent with the probability rates of fossilization.", then of the countless TRILLIONS of species necessary to create the speciation existing in the world today and the countless darwinian dead ends... we should find that nearly every single fossil we find is a unique transitional species. "you have a problem with the fossil record. " Actually we don't. A problem would be finding a more complex structure before it's less complex predecessor. However, nothing of the sort has been found. So please do explain the "problem" in the fossil record and stop being cryptic about your points. Just make them. "ask a chemist how abiogenesis could have occurred. nobody even has a viable theory, yet we are supposed to just believe that something so complex that the greatest scientific minds in the history of the world cannot even figure out a valid THEORY, much less create life in the lab" You must not be keeping up with the latest science. We have already created synthetic life in the lab. We have discovered natural processes which create the organic molecules necessary for RNA. We have discovered 2 precursor enzymes called Urzymes. These urzymes were came from very simple peptides. The most important part about the urzymes is that they could have been present BEFORE life. This resolves a lot of the "RNA world" issues like replication accuracy without ribosomes. This issue of replication accuracy has produced the kinds of probability estimates that you claim make abiogenesis impossible. Yet here is the solution to the problem. "....happened by sheer chance? It is ridiculous. laughably so." This would be called an argument from incredulity, a special case of the argument from ignorance. Congratulations, your argument is based on a fallacy. "in fact, I have heard a biologist say that it is a miracle that any given species finds it's way into the fossil record. would you concur?" No, I would say it would be a miracle if every species to ever have lived was part of the fossil record. Random members of random species fossilizing throughout millions of years seems entirely consistent with the probability rates of fossilization. How exactly do you believe science supports a global flood? I have yet to see ANY science support a flood that covers the whole planet. You are removing the need for logic in your explanation with the claim that God doesn't need to follow natural laws. God can make matter out of nothing, create life put of clay, and therefore it works. The problem is that even an unlikely theory is more plausible since it doesn't depend on the assumption that magic was involved. You keep saying time is our magic bullet, but the only ones using a magic bullet are creationists. ummm.... where did you get the idea that the pre big bang singularity is spinning? we only know what happened with classical matter and energy milliseconds after the big bang and beyond. we know literally nothing about the conditions before that. spin included. and what came out of the big bang is energy so hot not even sub atomic particles could not exist until the universe cooled down. all the matter was in its energy form, and do my knowledge, energy doesn't "spin" like matter does. wow, my really long answer got deleted... what the heck... About the God of the gaps argument: we don't point out one thing and say God did it. We're trying to say that we got it all together compared to an experimental theory called abiogenesis. Creationism is using current science that is observable to prove creation and the flood. Evolution needs time and that time is supposed to explain how we got here. The Big Bang is not scientific either. A supposed tiny spinning dot like this. exploded and all the matter and galaxies flew away from it. If the dot was spinning clockwise, why are some planets are not spinning clockwise. The law of circular momentum states that when an object spins and breaks apart, its parts spin clockwise. Therefore if the Big Bang is scientific, then all planets would spin clockwise. that it isn't perfectly complete, therefore throw them all away and pretend we didn't find them? my point about 'any given species' is that although according to evolutionary thought, there have been untold trillions of species through the epoch of time on this planet, right? and while it's also believed that fossilization is extraordinarily rare, so rare that it can be said any given species being fossilized is practically a miracle... you have a problem with the fossil record. can you figure out what that problem is? time does not make the impossible possible. it's your magic bullet, but time isn't even on your side. so fossilization, although rare, is explained by the cast multitude of species, even within the most simplest of lines. abiogenesis is explained by BILLIONS OF YEARS. as opposed to the lottery that can be won weakly, so your analogy is not far off, we agree. it is possible :) are we talking about fossilization or abiogenesis? can we stick to one topic? people win the lottery regularly, it happens many times a year, sometimes even weekly. your example about fossilization had the words "ANY GIVEN SPECIES." how many species are there? how many ancestors did they have, how about the ones that don't have offspring today, so many more broken lines of species. the point of that biologists answer was to counter the everlasting "missing link" argument that demands every possible prehuman species be found and identified before evolution can be considered. your best move was an out of context statement with the hope that the nuance of "ANY GIVEN SPECIES" would go unnoticed. it was hyperbole. but not by much. because we are never taught how ridiculous those explanations are. ask a chemist how abiogenesis could have occurred. nobody even has a viable theory, yet we are supposed to just believe that something so complex that the greatest scientific minds in the history of the world cannot even figure out a valid THEORY, much less create life in the lab.... happened by sheer chance? it is ridiculous. laughably so. And you base this estimate on what exactly? Why do you believe it is foolish to believe in the most probable explanation offered? i have not posited an answer. i am merely showing you the foolishness in believing the answers evolution provides. it is ok to say 'i don't know'. :) the odds of winning the lottery are about a billion to the billionth power better than life abiogenesis occurring. the nation wide mega millions for example what are the odds of winning the lottery? You extrapolate incorrectly. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/science-sushi/evolution-watching-speciation-occur-observations/ The problem is that you are interpreting questions we cannot yet answer as proof that your answer is correct. Without proof, you cannot claim "God did it" and expect sceptical people to simply accept it. As to your final statement, being atheistic doesn't require faith in the impossible. It is a lack of faith in God, not any kind of belief system. An atheist could simple not believe in any theory that is not proven, including God. btw, please answer: you are correct that fossilization is extraordinarily rare. in fact, I have heard a biologist say that it is a miracle that any given species finds it's way into the fossil record. would you concur? You cannot see the forest for the trees. you assume evolution is true, therefore evolution must be true. any evidence to the contrary is simply misunderstood. that is not science, that is religion. regardless how many generations of bacteria or fruit flies or anything else scientists try to mutate, they never get anything NEW. all mutations are either benign ot malignant, none is ever beneficial. I extrapolate the uncountable bazillions of generations of bacteria to show that nothing ever comes from bacteria BUT bacteria to show that TIME isn't a magic pill that makes the impossible possible. no matter if you had a billion years to make the millions of genetic mutations necessary to get from a wolf-like creature to a whale, there is not enough time for that ALONE to happen, nevermind getting from a single reproducible amino acid to a human being. but you believe it must be so, therefore it must be so. i don't have enough faith in the impossible to be an atheist. "what did the platypus evolve from" it evolved from a group of animals called monotremes (genetics tell us the platypus split from the mammalian line about 166 million years ago.....) "how many generations of the whales ancestor pakicetidae were there before the next species evolved" This question is nonsensical.....there is no way to tell how many generations of on particular animal there were before a new species evolved. We only have estimates, but we can make some educated guesses on the subject. What we can know though is that pakicetidae was in fact a cetaceans (the same infra-order as modern whales, thus it is considered the first whale). This was discovered through genetics and of course due to the anatomy of the inner ear. Pakicetidae actually has very little in common with wolves, it was simply a size comparison. Pakicetidae was already a semi-aquatic animal. Now, lets actually talk time here. Pakicetidae lived around 50 mya. The next distinct evolutionary split we have is Ambulocetidae which lived about 49 mya. So it took at least 1 million yrs to go from Pakicetidae to Ambulocetidae. If we say an average generation is 2 years (2 years from birth to first offspring) we get about 500k generations for this split to occur. Then we move on to Remingtonocetidae which took another 2-5 million years. So we have another 1-2.5 million generations for this split to occur. That brings us to Protocetidae which was another 5 million or so years, so another 2.5 million generations. Then we finally get to Basilosauridae (the first cetacean to be fully aquatic). This took another 2-3 million years so 1-1.5 million generations. Just to go from a semi-aquatic land animal to a fully aquatic animal of the same infraorder took over 5.5 million generations (about 11 million years). well that depends. evolution depends more on natural pressures than the steady mutations. if the environment is stable, evolution is slower. idk about whales, but based on fossil record, it took about 20million years for felines and canines to split from their mutual ancestors. Alright, how many generations of the whales ancestor pakicetidae were there before the next species evolved? a dog didn't become a whale, dogs only existed a few thousand years. How many generations do you assume it took for the wolf thingy to evolve into a whale? lol just for fun, what did the platypus evolve from? You obviously have no grasp of the timelines involved in regards to evolution. For a prokaryotic cell like a bacteria to become anything but a bacteria it would have to evolve new organelles, a nuclear envelope, we would have to introduce a second type of bacteria (something like an early version of the mitochondria) which would have to co-evolve into forming a symbiotic relationship, you would then need to evolve a form of sexual reproduction, etc... How do you suppose we create enough evolutionary pressures to select for these occurances, and how do you suppose you go about creating an experiment that would run over enough time to actually allow those changes to manifest? It took the Lenski experiment 31,000 generations (about 14 years) to evolve the ability to metabolize citrate in the lab. So, your argument is simply not a valid critique of evolution due to the timescales involved. You are simply making an argument from ignorance, not fact. Again, please inform yourself on the subject before you spout nonsense. "....simply because it's the best explanation that ALREADY suits your preconceived world view means that you are willfully ignoring evidence that CONTRADICTS your world view" So once again you demonstrate that you have no idea what you're talking about. First of, the evolution of the whale is shown to be true from multiple lines of inquiry, meaning that multiple scientific disciplines have shown the evolutionary pathway of the whale. Second, off there is no factual evidence that contradicts evolution as a whole. You are more than welcome to try and find a more complex structure before the existence of it's more simple predecessor. However, no one has been able to do so. It's a fairly simple proposition. It really doesn't take much to disprove evolution. Bacteria is the simplest form of life that scientists can observe replicate in a lab environment, they can stress and irradiate and try to force mutation on more generations of bacteria in a single year, and in populations of billions or more, yet no bacteria EVER evolves into anything other than A BACTERIA. That is an undeniable FACT. that you excuse the EXTREMELY limited population of whales as having evolved from a wolf-like creature simply because it's the best explanation that ALREADY suits your preconceived world view means that you are willfully ignoring evidence that CONTRADICTS your world view in order to maintain said preconceptions. "why doesn't bacteria ever evolve into anything other than bacteria" we have some pretty good evidence that they did evolve. Now the notion that all bacteria must evolve into something more complex is absurd and shows you lack the basic understanding about evolution to even ask intelligent questions about the subject. Don't worry kid, I'll school you a bit. Evolution is the process of new traits being selected for by environmental pressure (natural selection). If becoming more complex doesn't create a competitive edge, then there is no mechanism by which evolution would occur. Now, we have seen bacteria evolve in the lab (i.e. develop new traits) in the Lenski experiment and in the case of nylon eating bacteria. "how do you really believe that a whale had time to evolve from a 'wolf like creature' in a scant few million years with such a limited population and a 12-15 year maturity time?" because that's what the evidence suggest. If we look at comparative anatomy, molecular biology, bio-geography, paleontology, embryology, biochemistry, etc.... we see no other explanation, nor have we found any evidence that would falsify evolution. You seem to lack an understanding as to what types of claims evolutionary biologists make or even the basic principals of evolution....please do some reading on the subject and don't ask stupid questions like "why doesn't bacteria ever evolve into anything other than bacteria?" which you would have known the answer to had you actually studied up on the subject for even just a few days. you are correct that fossilization is extraordinarily rare. in fact, I have heard a biologist say that it is a miracle that any given species finds it's way into the fossil record. would you concur? So, first things first. Google is not research. You need to look at scholarly databases to find reliable sources. Now, let's talk about the fossil fallacy that you're committing. Fossilization is actually a pretty rare process which is why you don't have every transitional fossil that has ever lived. It is either a disingenuous argument or one born out of ignorance. If I show you a transitional fossil between ape and human (call it "x") you now want the transitional fossils between the ape and "x" and between "x" and human. It's a never ending cycle that possibly be satisfied with the fossil record. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-fossil-fallacy/ So let's look at some skulls then: Here we have Homo rudolfensis. Doesn't look like Homo Sapien at all http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/species/homo-rudolfensis We can look at Homo heidelbergensis to see another example of a skull that has no resemblance to homo sapien http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/species/homo-heidelbergensis here are homo sapiens http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/species/homo-sapiens "how does the fossil record support evolution?" Because the way to disprove evolution is very simple. All you have to do is find a structure more complex than it's predecessor anywhere in the fossil record and you would have disproved evolution. Now, if we look at it conversely, every structure ever found has been built from the less complex to the more complex. Meaning that you won't see an eye with a lens before you see one with a retina and so on. You also won't see mammals before reptiles, you won't see any flowers before the cretaceous period, etc... "Can you prove that evolution is true?" I can prove that evidence from multiple lines of inquiry have substantiated evolution to a high enough degree of certainty to be called a scientific theory. bacteria replicate trillions of times each year, if not more. why doesn't bacteria ever evolve into anything other than bacteria? and if they can have that many generations and literally countless strands in every square cm of the planet.... how do you really believe that a whale had time to evolve from a 'wolf like creature' in a scant few million years with such a limited population and a 12-15 year maturity time? i look forward to your excuse. RNA is information. information does not spontaneously erupt. there is no mechanism in nature whereby information is created out of whole cloth. iow, you can't get here from there. If the transitional stages of homo sapiens are true, why aren't there thousands and millions of skeletons? Also, in our current society, the variation in skeletons and skull sizes and shapes are so vast, many of the skulls of the missing links are easily attributed to that. This is a more logical conclusion given that there are very few missing link bones (with most of the body and skull being fabricated out of thin air and not actual bone.) Compare the skulls of africans, asians, australians, and Caucasians and tell me that they don't look like they're missing links. Look it up right now on google. You don't need a big archaeological expedition to do that. Also, how does the fossil record support evolution? I understand what macro evolution and micro evolution are. I was just using that comparison to show the absurdity of one species turning into another. Can you prove that evolution is true? It doesn't matter what you believe, it only matters what you can prove. You obviously have no background in evolutionary biology since you don't even seem to understand that not all cells are equal (bacteria are very simple compared to eukaryotes for example). We also know of much simpler cell types pre modern bacteria. Witnessing macro-evolution is also an absurd standard to ask for due to the fact that it takes hundreds of thousands to millions of years for speciation to occur. By this statement you are showing your ignorance of the types of evidence supporting evolution, including anatomy, molecular biology, geological evidence, the fossil record, etc... You should inform yourself on the topic you want to discuss before posting nonsense. Please read some actual scientific literature on the subject before posting or risk being perceived as ignorant on the subject. Okay, does anyone here even know how complicated a single cell is? Also, nobody has witnessed Evolution occur, so therefore it is in the realm of philosophy, not Science. I believe in adaptation, but I don't believe in a cat becoming a dog. I simply believe the data. All the modeling data tells us that even given perfect parameters and perfect mating you'd need at least 50 individuals (50/500 rule). If you were to bring it down to that number, you'd need every woman to have as many children as possible, with as many men as possible. The breeding would have to be monitored and assigned based on genetic markers though. You also couldn't have anyone dying prematurely for several generations. So, even in the most extreme cases, I don't see how you could possibly make a case that is consistent with the science that could get you anywhere near 2 individuals being the start of our species. There is simply no reconciliation between the inbreeding and genetic variation needed to keep a species as complex as us alive. As to the genetic mutation and detrimental traits. I think you're missing the fact that many mutations lead to cancers and diseases like Huntington's (cancers being the most common). Many viral infections have been shown to cause cancer as well. You're also simple dismissing scientific evidence with "I believe our genes are more stable then you believe". I believe in the data and what it shows me when it comes to molecular evidence for evolution, nothing else. So you'll have to actually find some data, not a set of believes, to dismiss the MVP evidence. oh, I am not making a God claim. I'm just considering the hypothetical possibility of a 2 person bottleneck surviving in an ideal gene scenario. you stated 64 mutations per generation. the majority of them are neutral, but even the detrimental ones are hardly fatal the majority of the time. we have sufficient redundancy so now you would have to take a fraction of the detrimental factors that affect something actually vital. overwriting a few of the sugar materializing proteins would be no big deal. even for ancient humans food was not difficult to come by, our intellect lead to the (not fully proven but imo extremely logical) overkill hypothesis and the known lightning fast spread throughout much of the land area of the planet. til this day being efficient with sugar (slow metabolism) is something we would rather do without (1st world). that was an extreme example where we would prefer the detriment, however it shows it can affect small things that we can survive without handicap. also not all detriments are full detrimental. less color vision may impede spotting poison fruit, but improves night time hunting ability. a weakness can be a strength depending. I believe our genes are more stable then you believe, and assuming a perfect start (which is obviously wrong outside of a God scenario) a man and a woman, might survive. obviously the odds are against them. not only disease, but getting eaten or just cracking your head on a rock while running would wipe them out, but given luck, it is possible. Yes, these mutation rates are for gametes, and these are extrapolated from averages through multiple generations. So I'd say it's fair to say those rates are comparable to rates in early humans. Even if we take very conservative numbers and say that we needed only 2k individuals to maintain a population (less than half of most estimates) you'd still have to make a huge leap to try and get to a world with only two individuals establishing a population. The other way we can definitely say that we have evolved is the fact that we can find evidence of interbreeding between different hominoid species. So we know that homosapiens bred with Neanderthals. The molecular evidence supports this to a pretty high degree of certainty. It would be really hard to argue that God created Adam and Eve and then created a less evolved species of humans just so we can interbreed with them and then have them killed off. I never said they werent. I said neutral mutations dwarf both of them. You are mistaken. Detrimental mutations are far more common than beneficial. http://www.nature.com/hdy/journal/v99/n4/full/6801042a.html the complexity issue is true, but humans are different. I'm not referencing technological accomplishments of even ancient history. I'm referencing their rise to domination of all land areas well before prehistory resulting in the mass extinction of all the megafauna outside of africa. the ability to adapt to so many environments in such a short time and to dominate all other forms of animal life is very rare. their intellect will increase the chances a catastrophe will not wipe them out even without large numbers. many animals can migrate from a catastrophe, few can so easily adapt to completely different environments and climates without special evolutionary adaptations. of course they can't escape disease, but we are assuming a perfect creation with no abnormalities to begin with. also in our industrial, chemical, and to some effect nuclear world, was our mutation rate as high back before industry? and finally. you are right that positive mutations are exceptionally rare, but to put detrimental into the same level as neutral is misleading. the rate of detrimental is far closers to the rate of benefital, with neutral mutations being the by far most common type. most of those mutations are inconsequential. I'm also assuming your mutation rates are for gametes, not somatic cells as those mutations mean absolutely nothing beyond the specific individual. mvp must be an average" It is. Obviously, the more complex the organism and the more time between generations, the more individuals you need for a population to be viable. "whereas humans can use their intelligence to increase their odds" Maybe in a few decades when we can reliably cure genetic diseases, but if we're talking about people back in pre-stone age, no. There is nothing they could have done to overcome the detrimental effects of inbreeding or genetic drift. We could have overcome certain environmental factors, but not genetics. "the alterations in the gene would be gradual. and may grow as the population grows. are you certain genetic vulnerability will happen before sufficient diversity?" A human genome accumulates around 64 new mutations/generation. So within just two generations you'd have about 128 mutations, the majority of which occur on the male side. This works out to a rate of about 2.5x10^-8 per basepair. The mitochondrial DNA mutates faster, about 2.7x10^-5. Unfortunately, the majority of mutations are detrimental or neutral rather than beneficial. So you can very quickly have either a maternal or paternal line which is no longer viable in small populations. Since only the paternal line can pass down the y chromosome, a population with a bad y chromosome is doomed. The maternal line is the only way to pass down mitochondrial DNA, a bad mutation in that line (given a small enough population) also means extinction. DNA viruses and bacteria have a mutation rate similar to the male sperm rate. RNA viruses are closer to mitochondrial rates. However, a human generation is about 20 years, while viral and DNA viruses have a generational timeline of about 20-30 minutes. So without a sufficient population to keep up with viral and bacterial mutation rates and adaptation, we'd be wiped out by disease pretty quickly. There are a bunch of MVP studies out there for various reasons (multi-generational space travel, extinction events, etc...) Most of these analysis shows that humans would need about 10k individuals to be left in the population in a mass extinction event in order for our species to survive for more than 40 generations. That number can be cut to 500 in the absence of disease and with selective breeding (I.e. individuals are paired based on genetics). So at bare minimum, with genetic testing and modern medicine you need at least 500 individuals closely who are closely monitored for many generations. the mvp must be an average as it will most definitely be different for different species. insects for example survive through sheer numbers often, whereas humans can use their intelligence to increase their odds. thus I think an mvp set specifically for humans could be much lower. I'm not following the genetic drift section, but I'll just Google it for more context before responding. however the God created gene pool... the alterations in the gene would be gradual. and may grow as the population grows. are you certain genetic vulnerability will happen before sufficient diversity? "there have been shrinks in gene pools in numerous species in history. dubbed bottleneck events, although I doubt it was ever reduced to 2 individuals" Minimum viable population (MVP) is a lower bound on the population of a species, such that it can survive in the wild. Minimum viable population is usually estimated as the population size necessary to ensure between 90 and 95 percent probability of survival between 100 and 1,000 years into the future. An MVP of 500 to 1,000 has often been given as an average for terrestrial vertebrates when inbreeding or genetic variability is ignored. When inbreeding effects are included, estimates of MVP for many species are in the thousands. Based on a meta-analysis of reported values in the literature for many species reported a median MVP of 4,169 individuals. "correct me if I'm wrong but inbreeding doesn't actually create problems. it magnifies existing ones." This is sort of true. Inbreeding causes genetic issues to be magnified in a small population, so you'll have higher rates of genetic diseases (in humans that would be things like Lupus, huntington's, etc...) So while inbreeding doesn't itself cause an issue, a population of less than 50 will go extinct with certainty due to the magnification effect of genetic diseases. The other factor is genetic drift (random changes in gene frequencies). To correct for genetic drift, you need at least 500 individuals in a population. Combining the two factors you get what is called the "50/500 rule". "if God created them with no gene abnormalities, and a sufficient immunity, (which he would) the lack of diversity may not be an issue" even if this was the case, God would have to constantly modify genes for multiple generations as mutations would occur in both people and pathogens (a person with AIDS typically has 8 different strains of HIV due to the rapid rate of mutation, the flu mutates even faster). So, you'd not only need an initially perfect population, but also constant upkeep. would you like to see more recent evidence for evolution? the more technical evidence is all over the place. every aspect of biology comes together logically with the evolutionary explanation. however there was a recent show that summed up the basic reasons and concepts quite effectively. it was episode 2 of "the cosmos" with Neil degrass tyson. it doesn't go to deep, but also avoids all the technical lingo. it's a great place to start. @Christian it's very obvious that you haven't kept up with the research surrounding abiogensis. Statements like "some evolutionists believe that we came from a rock." is proof of this. You really need to actually do research on the subject instead of reading nonsense from religious websites and blogs that misrepresent the views of evolutionary biologists. Please go look at academic sources before you try and spout nonsense like "textbooks use Haeckel's diagrams as proof for evolution" when we have molecular biology organizing the phylogenetic tree. @Nemiroff I agree. I'll provide some context to my claims. planetary seeding is not actually that controversial of a theory. You can see Ceres has been found to have plenty of organic compounds which is why I brought up planetary seeding as an alternative explanation to an earth based abiogensis. But if we focus on earth based abiogensis, I agree that the process was similar to evolution in that simple molecules begat more complex molecules. RNA isn't really as difficult an issue as you'd think. We have a pretty good understanding of pre-RNA structure. The bigger issue is the replicating enzyme. Since ribosomes didn't exist yet, we need a precursor catalyst. We are getting a lot closer to that as well though too. We have discovered 2 precursor enzymes called Urzymes. These urzymes were came from very simple peptides. The most important part about the urzymes is that they could have been present BEFORE life. This resolves a lot of the "RNA world" issues like replication accuracy without ribosomes. This issue of replication accuracy has produced the kinds of estimates that we see about it taking ".... much longer than the age of the universe for randomly generated RNA molecules to evolve sufficiently to achieve the modern level of sophistication". The discovery of urzymes resolves this temporal issue. Let's forget about this Haeckel argument. It would have been reasonable if you were currently using it as scientific evidence. what textbook are you referring to? the diagram looks decent. it is missing both bacteria and fungi. why would an outdated theory from 100 years ago be used as a notable defense now? OK, I looked it up. He attempted to create a "tree of life" connecting species through shared ancestors. Not sure how that helps your case. His beliefs shared some aspects with current scientific consensus, and had some differences which have since been dismissed (such as that human races evolved separately in parallel). Could you provide a link to why he is a fraud rather than an early scientist who built a model on the information available at the time, some of which has been shown to have been incorrect. no one believes we came from a rock and I've never heard of a diagram of haeckel. are you getting your information about evolution from the same sites/people you get your anti evolution information from? Why do textbooks use Haeckel's diagrams as proof for evolution? I have no problem with evolutionists trying to find evidence but I have a problem with using frauds to prove evolution to the next generation. It's simple logic. The Bible says God spoke and everything came together. It might not sound as scientific as evolution but it beats what some evolutionists believe that we came from a rock. there have been shrinks in gene pools in numerous species in history. dubbed bottleneck events, although I doubt it was ever reduced to 2 individuals. correct me if I'm wrong but inbreeding doesn't actually create problems. it magnifies existing ones. someone with a recessive abnormality will be guaranteed to get 2 copies of it and show it generation after generation while dominant abnormalities are reinforced with both Genes exhibiting them. also they will be vulnerable to a disease since there wouldn't be any "resistant" people as all are the same and the species can be wiped out. it is definitely a disadvantage but may not be a de facto death sentence. as the population grows and mutations happen over time, problems should subside. so if God created them with no gene abnormalities, and a sufficient immunity, (which he would) the lack of diversity may not be an issue. although the claim that he created the earth before the stars is a bit... silly. I am hoping that @christian will respond to my point that the Bible leaves out HOW God created life, and that it in no way negates that he could simply work his magic through the natural processes he created. While there are people with multiple strands of DNA (chimera see https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimera_(genetics) for information) that would not help to prevent inbreeding issues of such a limited population, and I have never seen or heard of any evidence of individuals with increased genetic load able to spread that load to create a viable population has ever been found. If you have something, I would be interested to see it. Do you have any evidence to support your claim? About genetic inbreeding: Adam and Eve didn't have the same genetic load we have today. i do like to take the opportunity to Have a discussion within science whenever possible. I believe abiogenesis would be subject to forces similar to evolution and natural selection. in our ignorance of the actual event we try not to think of it in detail and think of it like a sudden event, yet much like everything else in biology I believe it would be a slow and steady event with no defined borders. my preferred hypothesis is from the protein up, where a semi unstable preRNA molecular would go though gradual changes thru mutations (evolution) in a battle for limited resources (loose atoms/molecules) which results in natural selection, gradual perfecting the best molecules and reactions to develop life, which results in even better ability to gather needed resources. you confused Zues with atlas. I've heard a similar scientific explanation to the creation of the universe. they (Stephen hawking) made the case that it might be useless to ask what came before the universe because time was created with the universe and there was no before the universe (since terms like before and after involve relative time) to both you and Stephen hawking I say the same thing. without time how can you have events. if there was no time before the universe, then the event of creation would never happen. events have to happen in time. if God exists outside of time, then the event of creation, or any other action he would take would never occur since there is no "time" within which it would occur. I believe the whole concept of "outside of time" to be utterly ludicrous and I hope you acknowledge my equal opportunity application of that to both scientific hypotheses and religious explanations. God may exist in his own space/time which may be separate or greater than ours, but no actions can happen without time. regardless. the natural explanation is very compelling as well. when the bible states God created the universe and life... does it detail how? no! then why would it be so absurd to believe he worked through the natural processes he created? a system of constant improvement is as close to perfection as anything can be in this imperfect world, so evolution would be the logical tool of a perfect being. Noah's flood https://ncse.com/cej/4/1/impossible-voyage-noahs-ark http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/evidence-for-a-flood-102813115/ The same logic as applied to inbreeding. I don't doubt there have been floods. But there is no evidence of the catastrophic, world covering flood depicted. Smaller floods happen constantly, but the genetic diversity of the world and the geological records show that there could not have been a flood covering the whole planet. The date given for the flood is around 2000 BC most places I have seen. That is roughly the same as the building of the earliest pyramids. How would that work? It would have happened sometime between the bronze/copper age and the iron age. How did technological development continue if everyone died except Noah and his family? http://m.huffpost.com/us/entry/874982 https://www.google.ca/amp/s/whyevolutionistrue.wordpress.com/2011/06/02/adam-and-eve-the-ultimate-standoff-between-science-and-faith-and-a-contest/amp/ Logic. If you and your wife were the only people, you have kids. Your sons then have sex with your daughters. Their kids, all your grandkids, pair off and have more kids. The amount of genetic diversity leads to severe inbreeding. If you have disproven Adamson and Eve and Noah's flood, I like to see your argument. "Can evolution be correct without abiogenesis?" Absolutely. Since evolution is a matter of speciation, not origin, you don't need abiogenesis for it to function. So, if you had life occur synthetically for example (some alien race creates cells and seeds the universe for example) evolution can still be true. If you have conditions on another planet that is more conducive to producing organic molecules and has parameters more suitable for their interactions and you get some kind of planetary seeding event (asteroid) you can still have evolution occurring on earth without ever having abiogenesis happening on earth. So evolution and abiogensis are connected sure, but one is not dependent on the other. In essence, the theory of evolution stands even without a complete theory of abiogensis. "Is it logical to think that life was created by God or life came from non life" sure, but it is not logical in insert "God" just because we don't have an answer to the question of abiogensis yet. In fact, it seems very illogical to forego abiogensis without first proving "God" created life. I would argue that to claim that "God" created life is a much bigger jump in logic than saying some form of abiogensis occurred somewhere on earth or in the universe (the latter must also have a seeding event of course). The reason that I think it is more logical to accept abiogenesis as the default position is simple logic/probability. I can point you to a million phenomena that on their surface appear divine (and were thought to be the work of the divine at some point in human history), but have been found to have natural causes. There is not one instance you can point to, with certainty, that can only be the work of the divine. So if we're looking at sheer probability here, I'd say that abiogenesis, while still a ways off from being a comprehensive theory, has more evidence behind it than intelligent design does. Abiogensis also makes the least amount of assumptions about the nature of the universe (following Occam's razor). Abiogensis is also a natural explanation to the issue of life and that certainly is the predominant trend of causation in the universe. If you want to argue against Evolution, you have to argue against it on it's own merits and data. You can't simply point out an unknown and go "but we don't know this portion, therefore God". That is called the "God of the gaps fallacy". Fallacies are errors in logic which lead you to wrong answers. We have also disproven Adam and Eve and Noah's flood. That is my problem with organized religions. My views of them are no different than their views of any other religion. I doubt Christianity the same way Christians doubt Hinduism or Greek mythologies. I ask for proof and for explanations for why somethings in the religious dogma is contradicted by observable facts. neveralone well on zeus we have disproven him by finding no giant man hiding the earth on his back. on Ra thats all about good deeds so it is debatable if u believe right and wrong aren't absolute. don't know anything about this one. But that them begs the question, do you mean Zeus, Ra, or Viracocha? @ Psych Dave We can't pray the frog back to life. God made the frog in the first place and I think He knows how to put it back together. On the other hand, some evolutionists believe that we came from a prebiotic soup. So the frog example is a good example of this. @ Nemiroff You have the wrong conception of God. If God was limited by time, space and matter, then your question would defeat my argument. But if God is not limited by time, space and matter, it is not appropriate to ask who created God because God created time. If you put that frog in blender, can you pray it back into being a frog? If not, how does that lend your argument any validity? hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen. I Would honestly say nonlife. we have good understanding of the mechanisms that create the complex molecules that compose life. while proof of what specifically happened eludes us, we can imagine several scenarios in which it would happen. however, if the God answer begs the question, who created god? how did this sentient hyper intelligent being come to existence, or by what logic could he have always been there. that's a leap of faith. you blend a frog, you won't get frogs out of it, but with energy input, time, and proper density (so they interact) you will get some sort of life. probably bacteria like. all the ingredients are there. most life is just H,C, and O. fats, sugars, proteins, and all pretty much just those 3 naturally reactive elements. We evidence that non-life exists, so it is more likely. Is it logical to think that life was created by God or life came from non life. Can evolution be correct without abiogenesis? I'm not saying that evolution is the same as abiogenesis but I'm saying that evolution needs abiogenesis in order to begin with. What you're asking for is a theory of abiogenesis, not evolution. Evolution is the theory of speciation not life. So the principals of evolution don't apply to abiogenesis. While you are correct, that abiogenesis and evolution go hand in hand (to some degree); you are wrong when you try to equivocate the two or when you try to use abiogenesis to disprove evolution. There is nothing that keeps the theory of evolution from being true without a working theory of abiogenesis. As for the state of a theory of abiogenesis, we don't have one. It's as simple as that. We simply don't know yet. However, we do have some pretty good leads and some good research on the subject coming out. We have already created synthetic life in labs. That is to say we made living, reproducing cells with just the building blocks of life. We have also discovered various natural processes that produce organic molecules necessary for life. We have also discovered simple proteins capable of RNA replication. We have found RNA only bacteria. So we have discovered natural processes to make the building blocks for RNA, we have discovered natural processes for organizing cell membranes, natural processes for RNA replication. The only thing really left to do is to put it all together. So, if your only reservation about evolution is a separate theory, your criticism is weak at best. well to begin with. no one can explain it. many say they know, and many of them don't agree with each other either. but so far only one has put forth even hints of evidence to this mystery. we are not all knowing beings, if we had all the answers, science would have been dead. there are several hypothesis regarding the very beginning. however they are currently about as valid as your story. just like the big bang, we know from a certain point forward very well, but the very starts are still a mystery. If you put a frog in a blender and pour it out, will you be able to make a frog again? You have all the materials and the cells. Try to make it come alive with electricity and other stuff. If evolution is true, how did we get life from non life? Some people tells me that's not part of evolution but can people who believe in evolution explain this? 2 interesting recent developments which fit well with evolution but not so much with a designer are the gut brain and the microbiome. I mention these together because it is the interplay that really raises the biggest issue with a creator. the gut brain is a recent uncovering of massive amounts of neural gatherings around the gut. almost as much as in our actual brain. the microbiome is the part of us that isn't us. and apparently most of us isn't us. I've seen estimates from 50% to 95% of our cells are not our cells, and do not have our dna. mostly bacteria. and the vast majority of them live in our gut. the connection comes in when we change the variety and quantity of the bacteria in our gut it can change not only how our bodies function, but how we act and behave. so if these foreign bodies influence our very thoughts.... what happened to the soul? why would a creator make such a convoluted system intentionally (unless he created evolution from common ancestry and this is the natural result of that, there is no conceivable reason to make such a system from scratch as is) the gut brain has many other functions besides following bacterial orders, and the microbiome is so much more than just our gut, being everything from an extra layer of protection on our skin and other membranes to being central to our immunity throughout our lymph nodes and other areas. but this interplay is quite fascinating. 1 particular species of bacteria seems to make us more fearless. people with it tend to enjoy extreme sports like sky diving or tend to Jay walk a lot etc. the full extent is still being researched. well there is one example of life simplifying. viruses. of course this is on going research, but the prevailing hypothesis is that bacteria evolved first, and some may have shed some genes in order to simplify and specialize into viruses. however, macroscopic life has never done that. it's also very possible to regress, not through evolution, but a mass extinction that wipes out say... all mammals, or all multicellular life. life will have to start from the simpler surviving lifeforms. Evolution is a fairly settled theory. However, there is still plenty of evidence coming out each month on the subject. If you look for more specific topics, you'll likely find more recent evidence. If you search for molecular evidence for example, you'll find a lot more of the recent research. Phylogenetics also constantly shed new light on evolution, reclassifying relationship based on genetic markers rather than physical appearance. Evolution has evidence from multiple lines of inquiry which makes it significantly more robust, but also means you have to know which lines of inquiry are the most recent. As for evidence against evolution, there is a very easy way to disprove evolution. All you have to do is find a more complex form before a less complex form. So if you see an animal that has an eye with a lense before any animal had evolved retinas, you'd have evidence against evolution. This goes for any structure. If you can find a more complex version before a simpler version evolved, then you'd have disproven evolution. However, no animal or plant with more complex structures has ever been found that lived before it's more simple predecessor. I was talking more specifically on evolution but I do love biology as well. are you looking for specifically evolution or general advancements in biology? will look now. I have looked a couple months but I like to check up and see. you asked if official scientific research is pursuing new evidence... so I asked if you looked into the new research or just assumed it didn't exist. I wasn't referring to personal research. I don't have the resources. I search in my life to gather evidence of any kind and compile it but I will be far less successful Than a group of scientist with funding there is only 1 time when legitimate science does look for specific evidence, but not for a theory but against one, as part of the peer review process. definitely not during original research tho. that's not how science works... science doesn't "look" for evidence. especially not for or against a specific theory. that's how fake pseudoscience like intelligent design work. they seek confirming evidence that matches what they believed before. the scientific method was designed specifically to stop such a fraudulent approach. science asks questions, and then devises experiments or studies that objectively answer the questions. then they fit those answers (the evidence) into the larger picture which includes all the other evidence and come up with a theory to explain it. and then comes the peer review... which can be vicious. so no, there has been no "searching for evidence of evolution". there has been more digging for fossils. not to prove evolution, but because they are there and we are curious. why? how? when? etc. but I'm more interested in other subjects like virology and the microbiome that are blooming fields with groundbreaking discoveries. their results, along with all other findings in all fields of biology, fit seamlessly into the evolutionary model... not so well with any other model. my question to you is, did you not find any search for evidence? or did you not look? that fine. In which case there isn't a right or wrong answer (barring those that have been disproven). I have no issues with faith,as long as it is not ignoring evidence that contradicts it. but what happens when u cannot find any evidence but need answers? there will always be questions that at that time have no definitive answer and so must be based on ur opinion. Fair enough. There is a quote that sums up why I have more faith in scientists than religious leaders. When asked what it what would or could change his mind, Ken Ham said that, as a Christian, nothing could. When asked the same question, Bill Nye said evidence. I am paraphrasing since both gave longer responses, but that is essentially how I form my opinions. If you present me with evidence that somethings I believe is wrong, I will look at it. If it proves to me that my belief is wrong, I will change it. I have no choice since otherwise I am lying to you and to myself. It does take sufficient evidence to disprove my current belief, which is why a single murderer doesn't prove to me that all people are bad, but I can and have changed my beliefs when confronted with new evidence. https://youtu.be/6j8Babr_n4w idk. sometimes it seems pushed to support it. not that I don't in a way. as we have talked about. it makes me wonder and ponder so that is why I am here It isn't that no one is looking anymore. Scientists are constantly researching anything we don't have an answer to or anything we don't have a thorough understanding of. The various associated disciplines are constantly trying to fill in the gaps in our knowledge. New fossils, geological evidence, genetics, and every other branch of science is constantly seeking to expand our understanding. So far, all available evidence supports evolution. is anyone searching for evidence? it seems the science community is content with this. I would prefer it to search deeper. gather more and more evidence. can anyone point to an alternative explanation with evidence behind it? we got only a few elements from the big bang. mostly helium. the rest were cooked up using fusion in the center of stars, and then spread out into new solar systems after an explosive supernova. Again, elements have nothing to do with evolution since they are not living. So that is a different topic. You should know this if you had a basic understanding of evolution. You're criticism of nylon eating bacteria also seems to stem from a misunderstanding of the theory of evolution. A new trait appeared from a genetic mutation I.e. frameshift mutation (one of several types of mutations) which introduced a new trait which can be passed down through different generations and is beneficial to the species. That is evolution. You are simply moving the goal posts here. As for observable speciation due to mutations Several species of abalone shellfish have evolved due to mutations in the protein “key” on the surface of sperm that binds to a “lock” on the surface of eggs. This might appear impossible, but it turns out that some eggs are prepared to be penetrated by deviant sperm. The same thing can happen in fruit flies, and likely in many other groups too. In yeasts, the mutations that led to some new species forming have not only been identified, they have even been reversed. Sickle cell anemia is another good example of a mutation causing a new trait (immunity to Malaria). Mutation doesn't have to add information to be relevant to evolution, although the HOX gene is a great example of added information into the genome. About the elements: how did we get all these elements from the big bang? About the nylon eating bacteria: isn't that an example of adapting to the environment It adaptation tells us it could adapt to the environment, not evolving So since you didn't address any of my points I'm going to assume you accept them without repute. Obviously elements are inorganic and thus not subject to evolution. You should know this if you had even the most basic understanding of evolution. Now, as to your new traits argument. New traits can be established through selective pressures which over time cause extreme adaptations like the giraffe's neck and heart. New traits can also come about through mutation. One of the best examples is that of flavobacterium sp. k172, also know as the "nylon eating bacteria". The ability to digest nylon (a synthetic substance not present before the industrial age) came about through a frame shift mutation causing the creation of a new trait. So where is the problem? So half a wing has a purpose. So does our seemingly vestigial organs. I gave you a link explaining essentially what you are looking for. Did you read it? But no new information is added. Information is either duplicated or scrambled. Single generations, absolutely. Over hundreds, thousands or millions of generations, minor changes add up. Natural selection can only select genes it can only select from. Cockroaches can become resistant to pesticides but it would never become resistance to a sledgehammer. Mutations have limits. Again, cars and planes are inanimate and cannot evolve at all. That is a flawed analogy. As better question would be about the evolution of wings in birds, insects and mammals. https://www.google.ca/amp/s/www.newscientist.com/article/dn13683-evolution-myths-half-a-wing-is-no-use/ Elements don't evolve. They are inanimate. How did all the elements evolve? To ask for macro-evolution as an observable phenomenon is to ask the impossible. It is a intellectually dishonest or at least ignorant standard to ask for. Since macro-evolution happens over many generations, it is impossible to observe. How do you suppose a species (like us) who has been around for only a couple of hundred thousand years should observer macro-evolution which takes millions of years? How could observation be a fair standard of evidence? There is however plenty of evidence of macro-evolution in genetics. Studies like this: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s003350020026 Show that multiple phyla are actually related through genetics. Can you dispute genetic evidence for evolution? Can you dispute the fossil record showing you the evolutionary steps of wings (without using the god of the gaps fallacy?). Molecular biology shows us how plants evolved from bacteria to be capable of photosynthesis http://science.sciencemag.org/content/289/5485/1724 How do you dispute these lines of inquiry? Evolution is about more than macro-evolution and our understanding of it is far greater than just observational science. We can actually do regressive DNA analysis and figure out just how long ago a common ancestor lived. So we can in fact find what are affectionately called mitochondrial Eve and chromosomal Adam. The strength of the theory of evolution, even granting the obsurd criticism of non-observation remains strong through different lines of evidence. Can you please show me any evidence that evolution didn't occur? Genetics, complex structures being found before their predecessors (I.e. seeing a mammal fossil in a geological layer before they could have evolved, etc...). There is a difference. You are assuming that since microevolution is reality so macroevolution is true over a long period of time but microevolution has limits. Microevolution is a theory. It hasn't been observed. But microevolution or variations is a fact because it has been observed many times. What Darwin saw is microevolution or variations in birds. Horses might change to a zebra over a long period of time but the change will only be limited to similar kinds like donkeys. It will not fly. So, you accept that small incremental changes happen naturally over time, you agree that these changes occur due to natural pressures (natural selection), you agree that these changes differentiate "variations" of the same "kind", I assume that you agree that these changes can eventually cause reproductive isolations between "variations"(speciation). Essentially you agree with evolution except that you don't use the term species, you use the term "variations" and the word "kinds" rather than class. You're argument seems to simply be one of definition. Do you have any actual argument against evolution except for terminology? Because at this point your opposition to evolution seems rather weak. These changes can happen naturally because they are adapting to the environment. You're just replacing species with variation and class with kind in the phylogenetic tree. Do you believe that small incremental changes occur in a varieties over time and do you believe that these changes occur naturally? A bird is a kind of animal. So, are hawks a variation of a grey-jay? how do you differentiate between species vs variation? Variations in birds like longer wings or Darwin's bird beaks. what is the difference between variation and species in your opinion. Since no scientific literature defines, acknowledges, or deals in "variation", what is your definition and why is it more reasonable to view life through "variation" rather than "species"? What about reproductive isolation between variations? Why does it exist and how does it fit into your theory of "variation"? are you talking variations such as different species of cats? differences among cats? I'm not quite sure exactly what your referring to so I can't quite address your point. what kind of variations? and what causes those variations? I believe things that we see today as variations. @Christian. I was hoping to pursue this topic that you ressurected. do you believe in "micro-evolution" only? If you honestly want to understand more about the evidence supporting evolution, here are some resources. http://necsi.edu/projects/evolution/evidence/evidence_intro.html http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/lines_01 For specifically human evolution http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence We have a fossil record of millions of years of small changes leading to big changes. yeah, but highways only existed a few decades... keep adding up those changes over centuries, millenia, eons. let me guess, you believe in "microevolutions" only? That's proof of variation no kidding. But its still a bird. we have seen, and understand the mechanisms that are involved in mutation of genes. we have even edited DNA ourselves already. an example of evolution in action is the shrinking of wings in several bird species that live near highways. You claim to have evidence. Perhaps you could show me? Evolution is also supported by all scientific evidence to date. that is the better way to say it. *evolution was discovered using the process of science. evolution is based on the process called science Discuss "Is evolution science " science	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1187
__label__cc	0.655327	0.344673	Use Case: Combine an Immediate Upgrade with an Early Renewal (Basic to Premium) The current billing interval has started. The renewal is not combined with an alignmentAlignment is the act of consolidating the billing for two separate subscriptions into a single recurring billing event. of the subscription. The product, to which the customer wants to upgrade, has been set up in the Commerce Assistant. On May 15th, 2016, a customer purchases a Basic Plan subscription to a photo storage and sharing service for $9.95 annually. The service provides the customer 100 gigabytes of cloud storage. On March 15th, 2017, the customer visits the client’s Customer Self-Service area to upgrade to the Premium Plan (unlimited storage) for $19.95 annually. The page uses the Get Subscription API endpoint to obtain and display the price of the Premium Plan, next billing date (May 15th, 2018), and other details regarding the subscription. After reviewing this information, the customer confirms this purchase by clicking a Buy Now button on the page. The page uses the Update Subscription API endpoint to upgrade and renew the customer's subscription to the photo storage and sharing service immediately. The cleverbridge platform bills the customer the full $19.95 renewal price for the next billing interval, which starts immediately. The remaining two months from the current billing interval are added to the next billing interval, moving the next billing date to May 15th, 2018. Forward the customer to confirmation pageThe confirmation page is displayed after a customer makes a purchase. The confirmation page contains the order confirmation and delivery information. when he clicks on Buy Now. For subscription products, cleverbridge displays the next payment date, the next payment amount, and a link to cancel the subscription. Manage upgrades and downgrades. For more information, see Best Practices: Managing Upgrades and Downgrades.	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1193
__label__cc	0.700359	0.299641	A con was threatened, but don’t attack symptoms and make a problem worse. There were lots of reasons to celebrate in Reno, on May 14-17, 2015. 2400 furballs tumbled across the desert to Biggest Little Fur Con, making it the 6th largest con after three short years. I spoke to the Chair, who said that they were very lucky to have the extravagant layout of the Grand Sierra. Happy vibes filled it up. There was a group photo of 700 fursuiters. I jumped in to hug as many as possible, and it was like a spin in a dryer on fluff cycle. Oh hey guys look its the parade group photo! :3 Photo by @PictureNV @BiggestLittleFC #BLFC #BLFC2015 pic.twitter.com/rVj6hj1xbO — ~TigonKitty~ (@TimothyTigon) May 18, 2015 Swept away from the outpouring of Furry friendship, there was one little black speck of pain. While others acted out their inner feelings in colorful costumes, one lonely guy let his inner demons out. He went to make an outburst with threats of violence. It was a cry for help. But the community could only help itself, and he was detained and escorted away. Everyone else’s happiness could only be a mirage in his personal desert. The internet bubbled over with drama and rumors, but it was invisible at the con itself. It seemed to call for a neutral write-up. The story had already developed for a long time among people who know the guy in a local community I know. The more we talked about it, the sadder it seemed: He’s known for online trolling that isn’t very lucid, even lurking in person outside a meet. It has scared some people and caused warnings. There were headlines about a threat to bring guns to Anthrocon. It was enough to get FBI attention, but community members didn’t take it seriously and the story had no developments. Some rumors blamed him for the Chlorine attack at Midwest FurFest, but that’s untrue. He made claims to get attention, but no story developed. He doesn’t have an easy way to get places, and people seem mystified about how he got to BLFC. There was no gun in this incident, only a toy. As far as I know, nobody was physically hurt. There were minor charges like trespassing and perhaps restraining orders before he was let go. He is on shared ban lists of cons. There’s said to be a mental condition diagnosis that isn’t public. Lack of money and family may add private issues. Doctors would consider it important to keep confidentiality so treatment can happen, allowing the possibility of staying healthy. At least one person tried to get help for him from the mental health system. They didn’t help. Few people care, and those who do have no resources. Help can be very remote for poor, isolated people in the USA. We have solutions for crises, but few for general health. More than a few people think he can be helped if he wants it, but they can’t force him to cooperate. That would be a quandry. If someone needs support and friends, it can come from a community- but this community isn’t made of doctors or professionals, and isn’t a social service resource. Sometimes you can give temporary help, but it’s a waste if you can’t fix things that are broken. Scared, angry people have good reasons to wish for punishment for this guy. It sucks to deal with harassment, and it can make your blood boil! If you can’t find sympathy for him, think about the people who try to help or might not even have a choice. It’s not the responsibility of a hobby group – but is there anyone? Imagine having this guy as your brother, and being powerless to help your family. A lot of people see family members sink into homelessness or worse beyond their control, and it’s a tragedy. I think hating on him doesn’t fix mental problems, and makes them worse. It’s attacking symptoms. If you see something happening, please be careful and don’t react. Either gently show the guy how to get help, or tell someone who can. Filed Under: Conventions, Crime, Current events, On the scene, Opinion Tags: convention : furries : furry : security : threats : violence 4 Responses to “A con was threatened, but don’t attack symptoms and make a problem worse.” eternally cloudy says: The casino’s policies about any kind of weapon be it real or fake would bring very serious charges beyond trespassing since one basically has to pass through the gaming floor to enter the hotel I see you really like to get close and personal with strangers 🙂 Patch O'Furr says: I sure do 🙂 If you see my fursuit, that’s permission to grab me for hugs. “Confederate fursuiter” Magnus Diridian arrested at Midwest Furfest – what’s the story? \| Dogpatch Press says: […] hospitalized, some with long lasting lung damage (one wrote about the experience). A furry with a troubled history falsely claimed responsibility, but was ruled out as a suspect. The story was revisited by Vice […]	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1194
__label__cc	0.748008	0.251992	Drinks & Dessert Is everything The art of Japanese cooking is not something learnt overnight – it is a dedication and commitment to which we are bound. From preparation, cooking to service, Japanese dining is a traditional ceremony that represents good health, prosperity and the love of food. To truly honour this philosophy, we select only the best fresh ingredients sourced from quality local suppliers to ensure that our customers experience the true textures and flavours of our cuisine. Great things Chef Koji Harada started cooking at the age of 8 years old, helping his mother prepare meals for his younger brother and sister. By the time he had graduated from high school at the age of 18, his passion for cooking led him to enrol in the famous Osaka cooking school, Tsuji, as well as take on an apprenticeship at a local sushi restaurant. After graduating 2 years later, he moved to Nagoya and refined his skills at a local ryotei, Sueki, that specialised in bento box preparation. Once you stop learning, you start dying - Albert Einstein Chef Koji learnt his filleting and knife skills working at an Osaka fish market and a local traditional Kappo restaurant, Ichiyo. Interested in bringing Japanese cuisine to the world, at age 28, Chef Koji accepted the position of Sushi Chef at Nobu restaurant in Burswood, Perth. His rounded experience has since lead him to D’s Authentic Japanese restaurant where he now delights in formulating unique Japanese creations and flavours of his own. The best Chef Is Nature Let us show you Our meats are free-range, hormone and antibiotic free, while our seafood is supplied fresh on a daily basis. Our sauces are made from scratch using authentic Japanese ingredients, are free from preservatives and additives, and have been carefully selected and tasted to ensure that they meet our high standards. In the tradition of fine Japanese dining and the spirit of gratitude and love, we wish our lovely customers happiness and good health. Feeling Hungry? Book a table so we have the opportunity to make you happy! Get 100 points towards a $25 voucher to use at D's! Lunch Open Saturday: 11:30 - 14:30 (L.O.) Dinner (Everyday except Sunday & Monday): 17:30 – 22:00 (L.O.) D's Authentic Japanese has recently relocated to 13/1 Glenelg Place, Connolly! Please come visit our new restaurant! 2018 © D's Authentic Japanese - Site by Jeremy Randall	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1197
__label__cc	0.704641	0.295359	DU Elections: ABVP releases their manifesto for DUSU Polls 2018 September 8, 2018 September 9, 2018 by Rachit Rawat The Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP) has released their manifesto for the Delhi University Students’ Union polls. The DUSU polls are set to take place on September 12. National General Secretary of ABVP Ashish Chauhan said on Thursday, “The name ABVP itself includes the whole manifesto — ‘A’ stands for ‘academic, sports and co-curricular reforms’, ‘B’ for ‘Bharat first’, ‘V’ for ‘vision for world-class infrastructure, transportation and facilities’ and ‘P’ for ‘pledge for women’s safety, security and gender sensitisation’.” The ABVP also plans to introduce lectures which promote “love for the nation” with the help of the DU administration. The presidential candidate for the RSS-affiliated outfit, Ankiv Basoya, promised that over 50 per cent of the DUSU’s budget will be spent on women and social justice related activities. Basoya said that special attention will be given to sports-related activities if they are elected to power. A “sports manifesto” is said to be released in the next couple of days. Basoya also said that remedial classes will be carried for SC, ST, OBC and economically backward students. Moreover, a 24×7 reading room on the university campus and a one-course-one-fee scheme were promised by the union for all those enrolling for the post-graduate courses. Basoya also batted for internship opportunities for students in different ministries and government institutions. The ABVP candidate for the post of joint secretary, Jyoti Chaudhary, talked about her commitment to making the campus safe for women. She also assured that sanitary napkin vending machines will be installed in all the DU colleges. ABVP state secretary Bharat Khatana said they had prepared a “student-centric” manifesto. PrevHustle and Bustle of DUSU elections; a choked North Campus NextHow to choose the perfect college society for yourself?	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1199
__label__cc	0.729005	0.270995	Back to Machinery-onQ Share MTC Forklifts b.v. Instant Enquiry Store these details for instant enquiries. Moerdijk, Netherlands www.mtc-forklifts.com Harbour 196, Apolloweg 11 4782 SB Moerdijk Netherlands MTC Forklifts B.V. - an international trading company, specialised in used forklifts, warehousing material, aerial platforms, and container handling equipment. We always maintain an average stock of 350 machines in our warehouse, which is located in the port of Moerdijk, The Netherlands. Our company is strategically located between the major sea ports of Rotterdam, the Netherlands and Antwerp, Belgium. We have over 25 years of experience in the international trading of used machines. MTC Forklifts B.V. supplies to customers all over the world. We can also arrange transport of the machines directly to you, either by road, container or RoRo ship. Product brands offered: Caterpillar, Mitsubishi, Toyota, Nissan, Komatsu, Hyster. Kalmar, Linde, SMV (Konecranes), Yale. To view MTC Forklifts B.V full stock list, click here. Feel free to contact us for further information. For more company and product information, click to visit the website. Your enquiry has been sent to MTC Forklifts b.v.. This website uses cookies to improve performance and user experience. By continuing to browse it, you agree to our use of cookies. more info Click to copy this link https://europe.machinery-onq.com/mtc-forklifts Link copied to the clipboard Unable to copy the link to clipboard	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1204
__label__cc	0.728296	0.271704	2018 Conference Information Program and Speakers Tickets Venues The Wave Awards What's on in Wagga Accommodation Travel and Transport 2018 Regional Conference Gallery 2018 Wave Awards Gala Dinner Gallery About 8point8 Who we are 2018 Conference Information Program and Speakers Tickets Venues The Wave Awards What's on in Wagga Accommodation Travel and Transport 2018 Regional Conference Gallery 2018 Wave Awards Gala Dinner Gallery Partners Partners About About 8point8 Who we are News and Media 8point8 WAVE AWARDS 2018 WINNER - Most Innovative Regional Council - Coffs Harbour City Council, Coffs Harbour, NSW Scot McDonald MC Parliamentary Secretary for Planning, Central Coast and the Hunter presents the 8point8 Wave Award to Stephen Saunders of Coffs Harbour City Council. A little about Coffs Harbour City Council My Coffs – Community Strategic Plan is recognised as one of the key focuses for the Coffs Harbour community, Championing business, innovation and technology. Coffs Harbour City Council has been engaged in various activities over the last 5 or more years, to grow their strategic opportunities in the technology and innovation space. These have included becoming one of Australia’s first regional cities to develop a Digital Strategy, launched in December 2011, being named as a Smart 21 Community by the Intelligent Community Forum in its list of the world’s Smart21 Communities of 2014 and moving toward the future with the digitisation of their services. Coffs Harbour City Council established the 6 Degrees Co-working Hubs in Coffs Harbour and Woolgoolga as permanent spaces, and as a pop-up space in Sawtell. 6 degrees offers Pitch Your Passion, a regular opportunity for pitching, workshops, salons (social networking), power hours (slightly more formal get-togethers with entrepreneurs), and links with Sydney Startup hub. 6 degrees also have START-UP COFFS COAST event, the biggest start-up event on the Mid North Coast, where up to 200 tech and non-tech start-up founders, entrepreneurs and business and industry leaders come together to create opportunities for their business. The event features keynote speakers, a showcase of inspiring new businesses in Start-up Alley and an exciting selection of tech gadgets in the Innovation Lab, and a pitch competition. Council has shown further strong commitment to the development of innovation in the LGA through the creation of the Digital Innovation Challenge in 2015 to support digital start-ups, through the delivery of the Coffs Coast Digital Enterprise Program and via their investigation of and building of a formal incubator program, with their support for the latter offered through financial and human resources, driving the program to commencement in the 2018/19 year. The next step of development will be to design and implement an accelerator program to assist businesses of the Coffs Coast to access investment and national/international growth opportunities. Council’s 6 Degrees program has grown its membership base up to 450 over its time in operation with approximately 50 new members joining the program each year. Additionally, local business numbers have grown by 93 over the last two years in the LGA Read more about Coffs Harbour City Council here. Dianna Somerville 4 September 2018 8point8 WAVE AWARDS 2018 WINNER - Best Regional Small Business - The Van Diemen Project, Launceston, Tasmania Regional grants tenders and corporate services pty ltd PO box 5781, Wagga Wagga nsw 2650 2/113 fitzmaurice street, wagga wagga nsw 2650 admin@eightpointeight.com.au (C) copyright 2019 RGTC Group	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1208
__label__cc	0.639092	0.360908	Voss: Lost and Crowned (Review) February 7, 2018 February 11, 2018 by El Burrito Blog The rappers’ sophomore album speaks higher volumes on a personal level, and that is why it succeeds. Voss presents: Lost and Crowned. Written by August Aguilar, Follow me on Twitter (@filmburrito) Recently I caught up with Voss, learning more about his now released album, Lost and Crowned, which is streaming on all major platforms. Getting the chance to finally listening to it, the only thing I am disappointed is that I didn’t get to hear it much sooner. Voss resides in Philadelphia, PA, the city of underdogs (Fly Eagles Fly!) and where most find out the hard way how to succeed. As most entertainers try to push their work to a specific audience, Voss will now be the one who stands out by dedicating his music to one: himself. Lost and Crowned is more than a great hip-hop album; it is a stepping stone in life for the artist who has been in the game for some time now. It was a chance to branch out and try something different, blending old and new styles, being honest with himself and pouring his heart and soul into each lyric and beat. A proving ground to show Philadelphia and the rest of the world that he is here, stronger than ever, to create an art that is memorable and unique. From the start of the album, “Lost Intro” will have you engaged with one simple and powerful line: “In order for one to find themselves, one must admit they are lost. You know we are all lost right?” What a great line. The moment Voss begins afterwards is the moment you’ll feel the energy and know you have something special on your hands. Voss debuted two singles before the release, “Dare” and “Let It Fade“, which both stand out in the album by providing great hooks and quick head bopping beats for anyone to enjoy. However, the 12 track album has so much more to offer than these. For example, “By Design” featuring artist Milton, is smooth and cool; between Milton’s catchy chorus and background support, Voss charisma steps in elegantly to break it down honestly for you. I also found that “The Difference” featuring Khrista White was both beautiful and inspiring; a track that reminded me a lot of the likes of Nas, Kendrick Lamar, or even Eminem from the Recovery album. I truly appreciated the way he gears his thought process into smooth lyrics that not only sounds great, but tells a story. Photo Credit: Morgan Smith @phobymo on Instagram One thing I would like to mention is that all of the supporting artists on the record including the ones listed above as well as Mason, Terrance Stone, Major Van Winkle, and Mel Alston Jr., are all fitted perfectly into the album. Each of them standing tall on their own parts while accompanying Voss and his endeavors with each track. Being a Philadelphia native with Philadelphia friends makes it much more special as well. Finally, props to the producer of the album who obviously knows exactly what they are doing. No track feels forced, and every sound is stellar. The beats flow perfectly, none overwhelming and none that are forgettable. Even the subtle noises in the backgrounds of the tracks whether it be a snare drum, clap, or even electric guitar, it is all evenly distributed from start to finish. Voss, you should be proud of yourself. Lost and Crowned is a reflection of yourself and your true art spirit that you can give to the world. You are not conceded, you are grateful to make music. You do not aim to put out noise, you aim to put out something special. You are not LOST, you are CROWNED. I know in good time you are going to be right where you want to be with Philadelphia behind you every step of the way. Until then, I’ll be jamming these tracks in my car. You can find Lost and Crowned on all major streaming platforms including iTunes, Spotify, Google Play, Soundcloud, and more. http://www.vossmusic.com/ To see the interview we made with Voss, you can watch below: Tags: album review hip hop lost and crowned major van winkle mason milton Music new music philadelphia philadelphia hip hop voss voss music One thought on “Voss: Lost and Crowned (Review)” Pingback: Top 10 El Burrito Blog Moments of 2018 – El Burrito Blog Previous Post Strange Films: TSDTR Commentary Next Post Meet Roast Dog	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1209
__label__cc	0.596769	0.403231	Ins & outs magazine News Dream & Consider Operate & Optimise How will a trampoline park fit within a space? New corporate style for ELI Play Study of trampoline parks in Europe and the United States A new corporate style for ELI Play Several years ago, FPS, VCS Play, VCS Play France and HPS Austria came together under the new name of ELI Play. With that, a new and powerful brand in the leisure sector was born. ELI Play is now ready to take the next step by introducing a new corporate style and website. When the first sales offices changed their name in 2015, work began to establish ELI Play as a new high-quality brand in the leisure sector. Now, its mission and vision have been brought in line with the organisation’s rapid international growth and the expansion of its portfolio. The company is therefore ready to introduce an up-to-date corporate style, along with a pay-off that immediately makes clear what drives ELI Play’s team: “Every day a happy day.” New logo ELI Play A response to rapid growth Over the past few months, ELI Play worked closely together with Reach Communications from Baarn to develop its positioning, the new corporate style and the updated website. Samantha Hendriksen, ELI Play’s manager of Marketing & Communications, says: “Our rapid growth presents a constant challenge to our team. ELI Play strives to create the most desirable play and sports environments. We want to make “our” entrepreneurs and their guests happy every single day. Our new corporate style reflects that ambition in a powerful way and also helps us stand out. By using one name on an international level, combined with a strong logo, we can retain and further expand our position of market leader in the future.” Every day a happy day ELI Play and Reach deliberately chose the colour blue for the new logo. Samantha Hendriksen: “We want to present ourselves as a reliable partner for our customers. Our involvement does not end with the completion of the sale. Even when a park is operational or a client is considering expanding and optimising their facilities, we want to be there for them. The new pay-off “Every day a happy day” therefore also reflects who we are: a party focused on pleasant long-term relationships and innovation.” New corporate identity ELI Play ELI Play Service for your trampoline park or indoor playground Zdielat tento clánok ELI Play to an exciting new location Konštrukcia na hranie Skákacia aréna	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1212
__label__cc	0.510486	0.489514	Previewing the New York Giants starting defense post-NFL Draft ESNY Graphic After taking seven defensive players in the 2019 NFL draft, here’s what the New York Giants starting defense could look like this season. As expected, the New York Giants focus during the NFL Draft was to improve a defense that ranked 24th a season ago, as seven of their 10 picks were defensive players. Some of those players should become instant starters in 2019. Here’s an early look at what the Giants starting 3-4 defense will look like this season: LE: Dalvin Tomlinson– The versatile lineman is entering his third year with Big Blue and has been solid against the run while piling up 109 tackles. The Giants hope he can become a more effective pass rusher in 2019. NT: Dexter Lawrence– The Giants 17th should become an instant starter. The 6-foot-4, 342-pound Lawrence will provide a strong push up the middle that has been missing since the Giants traded Damon Harrison in the middle of last season. RE: B.J. Hill– Coaches and teammates raved about Hill throughout training camp last season and he didn’t disappoint. He set a rookie franchise record with five and a half sacks (Lawrence Taylor unofficially had nine and half in 1981). As productive as he was as a rookie, Hill should have an even bigger second season. ROLB: Markus Golden– One of the key free agent pickups this offseason will play a huge role for the Giants in 2019. Golden is familiar with James Bettcher’s defensive schemes from their time together with the Arizona Cardinals. If Golden can return to his 2016 form when he had 12.5 sacks, the defense will be vastly improved. ILB: B.J. Goodson– Goodson is entering his fourth year with the Giants and has always been solid at stopping the run, but has struggled against the pass. He brings a nastiness that all defenses need. ILB Alec Ogletree– Ogletree was one of the team captains last year in his first season with Big Blue. He struggled at times early in the season but finished second on the team in tackles with 93, and led the team in interceptions with five. (Photo by Al Bello/Getty Images) LOLB: Lorenzo Carter– Carter’s play steadily improved week to week last season. His quickness and athleticism were a welcomed addition to the team. He finished last season with four sacks and that total will go up in his second season. RCB: Janoris Jenkins– Some thought Jenkins may have been a cap casualty this offseason, but the Giants are bringing him back for his fourth season with Big Blue where he will cover the opposing team’s best receiver. Jenkins will also be a mentor to the three cornerbacks the Giants drafted. As general manager Dave Gettleman stated, Jenkins as some puppies to train. FS: Antoine Bethea– Here’s another key free agent acquisition and another one of Bettcher’s former players from his time with the Cardinals. The 14-year veteran is still very active as he had 121 tackles a season ago. He’ll be an upgrade at free safety over last year’s starter Curtis Riley. SS: Jabrill Peppers– the Giants acquired Peppers in the Odell Beckham Jr. trade to the Browns, but he will fill the role that Landon Collins leaves behind at strong safety. Not only is Peppers a solid safety, but he’s also been used as both a punt and kick returner. He should be better in coverage than Collins. The question is, “Will he be as good a tackler as the newest Redskins strong safety?” LCB: Deandre Baker– the Giants traded three draft picks to get back in the first round to take Baker with the 30th pick. You don’t make a move like that if you don’t expect to play that player immediately. Many felt Baker was the best corner in the draft and he hasn’t given up a touchdown since 2016. He was consensus All-American last year and the Giants are banking that he can live up to being the best corner in the draft. This lineup is not etched in stone as there will be competition at every position especially in the secondary. But there’s a good chance this will be the New York Giants starting defense come July. NEXT: The OBJ Trade-Return Pieces Are Officially In	cc/2019-30/en_middle_0090.json.gz/line1213

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