pred_label
stringclasses 2
values | pred_label_prob
float64 0.5
1
| wiki_prob
float64 0.25
1
| text
stringlengths 105
935k
| source
stringlengths 39
45
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
__label__wiki
| 0.95994
| 0.95994
|
Instagram reaches 1 billion monthly users
The Facebook-owned app has hit its biggest milestone yet.
Edgar Alvarez, @abcdedgar
06.20.18 in Internet
After surpassing 800 million monthly active users last September, we knew it was only a matter of time before Instagram would reach that coveted 1 billion mark -- and today is that day. The company has announced its latest milestone at an event in San Francisco, where it's also launching IGTV, its new standalone long-form video app. With 1 billion monthly actives, Instagram continues to grow at a tremendous pace since being acquired by Facebook in 2012, when it had just 40 million. If that's not impressive, then what is?
Instagram now also joins other Facebook-owned social apps that have hit that remarkable number: Messenger (1.3 billion) and WhatsApp (1.5 billion). And then, of course, there's Facebook, which is at 2.2 billion and counting. Despite the privacy controversies of late, it's clear people love Facebook products, and Instagram's insane growth is only one of the many perfect examples of that.
In this article: business, entertainment, facebook, facebookmessenger, gear, igtv, instagram, internet, messenger, mobile, social, socialmedia, socialnetwork, socialnetworking, whatsapp
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2403
|
__label__cc
| 0.686052
| 0.313948
|
FASHION WRAP
DAILY POP
Cody Simpson Seen With Playboy Model Jordy Murray as Miley Cyrus Shares "Sad Christmas Song"
by Corinne Heller | Sun., Dec. 22, 2019 3:58 PM
Are Miley Cyrus and Cody Simpson on the outs?
The two have sparked breakup rumors once again, and she was nowhere to be found while he was spotted walking with Playboy magazine's December 2019 Playmate, Jordy Murray, in New York City on Saturday. There did not appear to be any physical interaction between them.
Meanwhile, Miley took to social media to share a link to a recording of her 2015 ballad "Sad Christmas Song."
"A sad Christmas song I wrote a few years back right before the holidays," she wrote on Instagram. "Was feeling like s--t cause I couldn't be with the one I loved. Even with a house full of family and friends I still felt alone. In ways that still feels relevant and someone reading this right now could possibly relate!"
"If you feel lonely this season just know YOU ARE COMPLETELY MADE OF MAGIC!" she said. "You are as special as a snowflake, beautifully unique and I hope inside your soul feels light, hope, peace, and joy knowing how singularly amazing YOU are! Love always wins!"
Miley Cyrus and Cody Simpson's Hottest Pics
Miley, 27, and fellow singer Cody, 22, went public with a relationship in October, soon after her breakups from Kaitlynn Carter and husband Liam Hemsworth. Last month, they celebrated Thanksgiving and her birthday with her family in Nashville. Miley dubbed it a "silent birthday," as she was still recovering from vocal cord surgery and had to rest her voice.
TheImageDirect.com; Michael Tran/FilmMagic
Also in November, the singers were the target of breakup rumors, sparked by a short break in social media posts about one another.
Earlier this month, Miley posted on Instagram videos of her and Cody performing together with her dad, Billy Ray Cyrus, at the annual Happy Hippie Foundation and My Friend's Place organization holiday party.
A source told E! News a few weeks ago that "Cody has been very supportive" throughout Miley's recovery and that she was "very happy with him," adding, "They are doing well together."
TAGS/ Miley Cyrus , Cody Simpson , , Top Stories , Couples , Apple News , Music
Get E!
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2410
|
__label__cc
| 0.609801
| 0.390199
|
Matthew Hartman
Posts posted by Matthew Hartman
NX1 Extended Dynamic Range? New Settings.
In: SAMSUNG NX1 / NX500 HACK
Posted March 31, 2018 · Report reply
31 minutes ago, ReinisK said:
Interesting results. I watched the video on my phone, so could be wrong, but there are a few things I want to say.
You defined highlight clipping only by looking at the scopes, but I would say, that if you compare the first and the last test, it's visible, that the hanging leaves on the tree have less detail in the last shot, than in the first one.
I'm saying, that maybe even if the scopes are not at 100%, the highlights are still blown. For a better test, I would suggest looking at highlights and shadows together, and look closely at the detail in them (basicaly, analyze highlights the same as you did with the shadows).
There's a lot of merit in your point here. I think we all get too caught up in the scopes sometimes. We have an amazing scope above or nose called the eyes. The entire point of image quality is what looks preceiveably good to the eye. Scopes are useful in measuring and extrapolating the scientific data, but they only tell some of the story. If a highlight looks blown to our eye, it's blown.
6 hours ago, Happy Daze said:
I have lately been experimenting with video capture settings on the NX1 and I have been exploring a method of increasing dynamic range which I don't think has yet been touched upon.
It's really no big deal and I am not making any great claims but it may be of interest to some so I produced a quick video How-To.
Take is as fun, I have done very little real-world testing and it may be of little use, but over to you.
Very interesting. Have you experimented with master black level and Dynamic Range/Smart Range+ enabled in conjunction?
Samsung NX2 camera release!?
27 minutes ago, keessie65 said:
News, but when I translate it with google, I understand no word of it. What is this telling us? http://www.baojiabao.com/shuma/sm20180329105050089.html
and with some pictures! http://wemedia.ifeng.com/49049327/wemedia.shtml
According to foreign media reports, it is reported that Samsung will launch an NX2 anti-retro camera. Although it was said that it would withdraw from the camera field, it actually stopped sales in Europe and the United States, and this camera is only sold in South Korea. Although Samsung closed the camera division and handed everything to the mobile phone division, the non-reverse camera will be equipped with an Exynos 9810 processor. Yes, you read it correctly. This is the same model used on the Samsung Galaxy S9 and Galaxy S9+ smartphones. It allows Samsung NX2 to support 4K video in 120 frames and H.265 encoding format.
The form factor is...hmmm. And that OS looks like an older version of Android. And apps?
Juxx989 reacted to this
How often do you finish a project?
In: EOSHD
1 hour ago, Anaconda_ said:
It's kind of a template yeah, like the layout of the project is set, and I fill it in. So it's half an hour, split up into 4 to 5 minute segments which are different each week. As it's documentary, it's a lot of tying interviews together, making a coherent story about whatever the subject is for that item, and writing a voice over to fill in any gaps to get each story across within the 4 to 5 minutes. This is sometimes super easy, and others quite hard.
We have a local server with all of the footage in (http://axle.ai/), and there's a plugin for Premiere for direct import, working off the server. There's someone here who encodes all the footage into the same format, fills in metadata and renames everything to be easily found later down the line. We make around 10 shows that range in subject matter so each show has it's own code for the footage to be filed under. For example, mine is all about the music industry, and someone else makes one about film. My interviews won't very often be related to their show, so they can search their show code + interview and only get relevant results. or showcode + movie title for a whole list of material relating to the movie they're searching from interviews, to original behind the scenes footage, red carpet events and trailers. or we can refine the search to showcode + movie + actor name for example, to only get footage relating to the movie with that specific person is in.
Since I film, edit and write my show, I guess I'm technically the director too, so make my own notes haha. Once I've finished it to my standards it's sent to a guy in the next studio down who watches it looking for dodgy cuts and checking the audio levels to be extra safe. He then makes the final export which is sent out to our clients. If he finds any errors beyond a really simply fix it gets sent straight back to me with an angry note - so far I've had none haha!
This is brilliant. I really appreciate you sharing your process. It helps to have someone doing the encoding and tagging for you, and the fact that you're also the director and can make the calls.
I'm sure there's moments when you feel like a story just isn't coming together and you just have to forge ahead.
On 3/26/2018 at 10:05 PM, Anaconda_ said:
I film and edit a weekly 'docutainment' (I hate that word) show for TV broadcast that needs to finished every week on a Tuesday afternoon. It's then checked for any technical faults and sent on to broadcasters who - I assume - have an automated system to get it into their schedule and it hits the airwaves 2 days later for the end audience to enjoy. Since it's a very tight schedule with a hard deadline that simple can't be missed, I 'publish' every single Tuesday just before lunch.
On top of that, I also live in a different country to my family and have 2 small kids, so I also make short videos of them learning and doing things to upload and share with family. I try to do at least two a month, but that's self imposed and don't put too much stress on it.
Then I also have a few personal projects that are closer to work than the family videos, mini docs and animations about random subjects that take my interest at the time. Those take a lot longer to finish, and publish as they're more time consuming than the family videos, and it's hard to find the time to do them. I treat them more as teaching myself a new skill or testing equipment and don't put any pressure on myself to finish them by a certain time.
You follow a scripted format correct? Is it pretty much a template at this point?
How do you peronally handle drives full of footage that needs sorted? What's your process?
I've been using frame.io for some shorts. I love it. The director can make annotations right on a timeline, which imports right into Premiere as an extension too.
Variable ND filters for video, Need advice
On 3/27/2018 at 1:58 PM, Aerialexplorer said:
Hello, need recommendation regarding variable nd filters, i have never used any nd filters before and dont know which will be better for my GH5 and pana/leica 12-60, and which has better quality
I have to choose between this filters ,(price doesn't matter) no other options will be considered :)))
its good idea to choose 180$ Marumi CREATION VARI. ND2.5-ND500 ? its expensive than others it will be better in quality as well ?
http://www.marumi-filter.co.jp/en/product/03/
Marumi CREATION VARI. ND2.5-ND500 + Step-Ring 180$
http://www.kenkoglobal.com/photo/filters/series/variable_nd/
Kenko PL ND3-ND400 fader $147.28
http://www.kaiser-fototechnik.de/…/…/2_1_produktanzeige.asp…
Vario Greyfilter ND2x – ND400x EUR 58,95
https://aurora-aperture.com/…/press-release-aurora-apertur…/
PowerXND 2000 ND 16 – 2000 (ND 1.2 – 3.3, or 4 – 11 stops) $123.00
http://www.haidaphoto.com/en/productsd.php?pid=450
Haida 62mm Variable ND Filter ND8 to ND1000 3 to 10 Stops PRO II-S MC Super 80 $
KANI HT PRO + MC ND2-400 Variable $170
Basically you want to avoid the off brand cheapsters. They'll give you magenta cast and this will eventually ride on your nerves and patience.
Stay with tried and true companies like Tiffen and Lee. You get what you pay for in this area. I tried to skimp, I was not succesful.
As far as variable, I have no issues with that like others might have. It's mainly a workflow/expense thing.
Fuji X-H1. IBIS, Phase Detect 4K beast?
8 minutes ago, BTM_Pix said:
Yeah, the second one was one of the ones I saw where I thought "Have you actually got IBIS enabled on the A7iii ?" and looking at the comments, I wasn't the only one !
In the first video though, whilst it obviously canes the A7iii again, I can still see the same sort of coarse changes.
If you look at between 2:07 and 2:10 just as an example, the water pipe does an abrupt move to the left from one frame to another.
I've pulled three frames here and done a difference overlay to show how it is transitioning from the first two frames (where nothing much but the bush is moving) to the one where it has to do some work and makes the jump. In the brickwork, there is slewing as might be expected but also some scaling changes that all adds up to a bit of a mess that I think is what is making it so jarring.
I'm not some mad pixel peeper as a rule but some of these transitions I'm seeing are very rough as are the less than subtle scaling changes even when its not being taxed too much.
Its like a Scooby Doo transition at times though
That is good man.
BTM_Pix reacted to this
NX1 RAW VIDEO???
2 minutes ago, anonim said:
I think that part of the dramatic problem of this more and more becoming excellent scenario is - here we have some really and extremely competent people (even with proven contribution to NX1 long life) - Luka Butera or Andrew Read above all - that didn't like at all idea that they have to be tempered by any mediator. So, I doubt that tempering argument like "Look at the Sistine Chapel" could be received with applause... but contribution to growing NX1-rawhack drama to the one with universal proportion is, I think, unquestionable
I suspect that contre-réaction in the form of dramatic peripetia will have some of the angriness against institution of chosen apostle...
(My try of tempering is - we all are in the game, let's than play with playful smiles and - why not - exchanging the roles, including the flexibility of main hero.)
I honestly don't care how I'm received. I make my own way in life and learned to depend only on myself for approval a long, long time ago. If you give that power to others they will inevitably fail with it. It's not an affliction, it's pure human nature. Even parent's fail sometimes. I probably failed Arikhan on some level.
There are many here I respect, including yourself, but we're not all close as in a close friendship, those tend to blossom offline, so I'm not deeply invested. That being said, if anyone would like to learn more about me on a personal level, I don't hold those efforts back. And you'll get honesty from me.
I write this stuff, I throw it out there knowing it's not going to stick to everyone's wall. But I'm not looking for everyone. I'm looking for real solutions to real challenges. Sometimes those need nurturing before you arrive at the answer. I got time.
If Andrew banned me from this site for life right after this posts, so be it. I'll just keep forging ahead blazing my own trail, because I know my own competencies better than anyone else, Andrew, nor anyone else gets to define that.
NX1 exposure drift problem FIX
It's only happened to me once so far, and thank heavens it was only during testing. Still, a scary proposition. Once (during filming) I had everything go purple and green on me. Thankfully, it only affected the screen and not the actual footage. It has never happened since.
If it's related to hardware, there will be no fix unless you open up the body and see if contacts are dusty. If it's related to software thresholds, there could be a fix but that's not coming from Samsung, so start doing the dial dance.
2 hours ago, Django said:
Yeah that warping is weird, i didn't experience anything like that. wonder if Gordon used warp stabilization in post or could that even be rolling shutter distortion?!
BTW, interestingly, the first comment in that video has to do with the previous subject matter:
It looks like good ole fashioned RS to me. WS does other weird crap when it confuses movement for scale. This is my eyes looks like a delay in the line reading. That being said, I've seen much worse on my NX1 and some Sony models.
I'm thinking about starting a film festival...
1 hour ago, Xavier Plágaro Mussard said:
Start small, it's easier to grow than to shrink!
Why americans can't do anything without insurance?? In Europe we just insure cars, and because you are forced to!!!
Property insurance is sometimes forced and sometimes not. For commercial yes, for residential, it's highly encouraged. Here in the States we live in a "I'll sue your ass off" environment.
Xavier Plágaro Mussard reacted to this
17 hours ago, iamoui said:
What lynch mob are you guys referring to? I saw people ask for evidence of a claim, which is reasonable, I saw one person act like a jerk, and I saw a few people do some detective work to pretty much show the claims made were most likely false. Now this “kid” is running away because of the way he was supposedly treated?
How can I be impatient if I’m not waiting for anything? I’m simply making an observation. I do, however, enjoy watching all the virtue signaling of “guys he’s just a kid take it easy on him, goooosh”. He’s got a long road in front of him if he can’t handle a few people on the internet being rude. That is, if he is even a “kid.” It’s not rude to be skeptical on the internet when pretty much everyone is anonymous.
I also enjoyed your generalization of New Yorkers. Very tolerant and liberal of you. The story never ends.
Well, was it you or me that has been speaking with him privately?
You have comphresion skills, I'm sure of it.
I tried to be a conduit and temper the situation. He asked for my help and support and that's exactly what I agreed to do and intend to do going forward, despite this becoming a trick or not. My lack of fear of being fooled puts me in a unique position. I've also been ridiculed and mocked during this fun exhibition. But I'm 44, been around the block a few hundred times and back.
I made it too easy for you guys. I gave you my clear and honest assestment of the general mood that was happening on the other side as it became apparent. Some of you debated, postured, professed, demanded and gave altimatuim. Not wise. Not strategic. Now you get to pay up.
Every brilliant mind we recgonize today has gone through the same old shit before people admired their work. It starts off as healthy skeptism. It then moves into impatience, then baiting, then insults and ridicule or defamation of character, and then finally eating their own shit sandwich. Look at the Sistine Chapel. Years behind schedule. Still deeply revered today.
As far as the New Yorker's statement. It's my observation. Even New Yorker's will tell you that their "in-your-face" communication style is unique to the geography, and they seem pretty smitten with it too. I'm not revealing any secrets here.
BTW, I have six close friends from NYC and one from Jersey and family from Detroit. The tech companies in the greater Seattle area draw people here from all walks of life. I've noticed New Yorker's (from NYC) don't fair well over here if they're not willing to adapt to a more sutble west coast communication style. Turns out the people here don't appreciate being cat called by a derogatory nickname followed by a demand in the workplace.
This is one of the more liberal places I have ever lived in. In fact we've had legalized recreational weed for some years now, first to enact $15/hr minimum wage, and we just passed statewide protections for net neutrality. We largely swing Bernie and we're telling ICE to back off. Studies show when one state entacts brave progressive policies the other states soon follow. You're welcome America. ?
You can question this RAW hack, Arikhan's and my own integrity, but do not question my liberalism. ?
3 hours ago, tweak said:
hahahaha is that you Ebrahim Saadawi???
Thanks for your vast contributions.
20 hours ago, Kisaha said:
haha! it crossed my mind too! but I just hope that something good comes out of it, because I like to be positive in the end, and the "silenced" majority of NX owners, deserve to have something to smile about.
That's how I perceived the ongoing situation though. He asked for a week, who can not wait for a week, for such an insignificant matter?
So far all signs lead to "likely".
iamoui, MountneerMan and derderimmermuedeist reacted to this
14 hours ago, Liam said:
Yeahhh.. I'd do that if I had film buds.
*cries a lot, but in a cool way*
I'm guessing you're pretty young? Building up a network is CRITICAL in this industry if you ever hope to advance in it. The old saying, "It's not what you know, it's who you know" is a harsh reality.
Film festivals are a very good way to acheive this. At first, your network is a couple people. But then you have to imagine those people know a couple people, etc. Suddenly your web of people has grown and is growing expodentially, so don't feel it's unachievable.
If you're shy, and lack confidence that's okay. All you need to work on is building up enough courage to start with small steps. Your confidence will grow as you get better and better at it.
It's best to intact confidence while you're young. By the time you hit full adulthood people will have fuller expectations of you. The truth is, as a naturally shy person that feeling never goes away. But how you mitigate it can blossom to the point no one would have ever guessed you are shy.
I'm very introverted. I don't like large crowds, it feels exhausting to me. I adore my personal space and I like a small group of close friends and deep conversation rather than idle chit chat. But we live in a world that caters and rewards the extroverted. That's just the way it is.
Although introversion is becoming more accepted within western society, it's still not tipping the scale much, unless you're the troubled-starving artist type like Tim Burton.
To be succesful in my career, I had to learn to adapt to society's expectations and demands. That never changes who I am on the core level. It simply just refines me around the edges so that I can acheive success in a world that implores to exist on the surface.
Even organizing a small film festival could also be a great confidence booster for you.
Liam, IronFilm and Kisaha reacted to this
7 hours ago, IronFilm said:
It isn't a branch of the government at all:
https://www.aucklandchamber.co.nz/about-us/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auckland_Chamber_of_Commerce
("Other Services" is why I've been going there so often lately)
Oh okay, virtually the same thing then. Here's an example of my local chamber:
https://www.seattlechamber.com/
3 hours ago, Liam said:
I don't think anyone would invest in me, and I kind of don't want anyone to. If they would, i'd just use that supposrt to make films and not feel enough like a failure to want to put this together.
There's also something weird and slightly cultish about it being our whole community... like it would become all about the horrible $16,000 local film just because everyone was involved in making it, and everyone would still be trying to reject the $0 budget film that I actually like. If I started giving power to everyone here who thinks they're a filmmaker, I might not even attend in the end.
Plus there's already the much more popular festival in my city, which I am somewhat trying to fight against, with the whole "Slamdance" vibe.
I'm surprised to hear I'd need insurance... can't anyone invite anyone to a meeting room in the library? Can't I insist we're friends just hanging out?
I'd love to make it international and include people from here especially, but I think I can feel it getting too big again..
You only need insurance if it's your venue. If you're renting a venue, you should already be covered by the owner's property insurance.
If not, you definitely want that insurance, especially if alcohol and weed are involved. ?Keep in mind, recreational weed is legal in my state, so I'm not suggesting anything illegal.
You don't sound too confident yet to pull off a bigger event. If I were you I'd just call up the buddies and have a night of it.
59 minutes ago, iamoui said:
How dare people require evidence of extraordinary claims being made! ? Sorry, folks, I believe you've been conned.
He gave a date. You're just impatient. End of story.
Timotheus reacted to this
NX1 max ISO extended in video mode through hack to 25600 ISO - possible?
3 hours ago, flip21 said:
Hi Matthew let me tell you more about myself. I'm not an expert, ans you noticed. I don't understand too much about the technological aspects of shooting video. But I know what I like, and right now, I fell that the camera that has the best IQ in good light is still the NX1. At least until the A7 III was released. The problem is that experts refuse to compare most of the new released mirrorless cameras to the NX1, because it was discontinued. For instances, there is no detailed comparison between the NX1 and the A6500, nor the A7r III. Ant that bugs me... Max yuriev "refuses" to test these new mirrorless cameras from Sony against the Nx1, why?!??
I also don't understand why people say the NX1 is not good for low light, because from the videos I watch on youtube it seemed damn good. But the image looks darker. The A7s II image looks brighter. I remember having the same felling between the NX300 and the Nx500, because the Nx300 couls go only until 3200 ISO.
Is it just a matter of personal taste? For instances I love the oversharpped image of the NX1. The A6300 image seems soft, and the colors doesn't seem to pop.
Just look at me as the point and shoot camera people's representative. ehehe
I'm not victimizing myself, but Kisaha sometimes seems like an adolescent, and alwyas resorts to insults to deal with people like me... I guess he is younger than me... I never studied video, nor Photo. I'm too old for that
You said it yourself, no one wants to compare a new camera to a discontinued one.
I know Max in the sense we both are Washingtonians and have had several chats about the NX1. To my knowledge when we last spoke a few months ago he still owned 3 (I believe) NX1s and is still fond of them.
But you have to realize he reviews cameras, and he makes some income doing it. He would not get much viewership if you continually covered the NX1, a 4 year old discontinued camera. That's it's reputation on paper, even though the camera obviously still holds up.
Right now, in his mind the hot cams are the GH5/s, and the AR73. If you tune in next week, it will be something else, thats just how he and many online reviewers roll. Their overall charter is to help sell new gear. But I wouldn't be suprised if he still uses the NX1 behind the scenes, which he affectionaly calls his "workhorses". I've been trying to get him to sell one to me but he's not willing to let them go unless I pay a premium. That says a lot.
flip21 reacted to this
1 hour ago, IronFilm said:
We have a Chamber of Commerce too, I went there today! And went there yesterday and last week.
But I think ours is kinda a bit different.
Out of curiosity what does yours do across the pond?
2 hours ago, BTM_Pix said:
Whoah, hang on a minute there.
EDIT>>>>>
Nope, I probably got the wrong end of the stick
<<<<EDIT
Sorry, I meant no ill will here. It was for lack of a better description. I was in no way throwing shade your way. It was just the descriptor everyone here got familiar with. You already clarified your intent and I'm personally satisfied with it.
We cool? ?
9 hours ago, kidzrevil said:
Some haters and cyber bullies scared him away ? Yeah right lol
All due respect (because I do respect you) you haven't read the messages I've received from Arikhan privately. If I'm to take him at his word, which so far I am, then yes, some of you DID in fact push him away. Process that as you will.
Again, you can't expect a young person to have the same sensibilities and emotional maturity as a grown adult. When you're young, things are more black and white and you're more likely to internalize things. Plus, we don't know this kid's background, his family environment, nothing. Stop acting like these things don't matter.
Now I know New Yorker's (city) are a different stock, but the entire world doesn't operate on a north easterner's in your face mentality. You have to know this. You come to Seattle with that mentality good luck holding down a job. I've personally seen two New Yorker's get canned for being too aggressive in the workplace, which is probably just a normal day at the office for you. Point is, different strokes.
And for the record, you all should know Arikhan bailed (this forum at least) way before BMT_pix started playing detective. I think Andrew's post was the catalyst. I know Arikhan mentioned he contributes his purchase and fondness of the NX1 from a lot of Andrew's NX1 explorations, as do I. It's hard to interput through email and a language barrier, but he definitely didn't sound too happy once that went down.
Although, I don't personally believe Andrew meant harm. But I'm not the one with the hack, am I? It really doesn't matter what I think, or you think, it only matters what Arikhan thinks. Or if you think he's full of it, simply move on by. Not that hard.
You all kept demanding immediate proof. Now! Right now or else you're ""! The kid said very, very clearly on April 1st. I'm not sure why that wasn't clear to some of you? All it took was a little patience on your part. A handful of members here including myself kept driving that message but it never seemed to stick or gel with some of you. That's not on Arikhan, not one single bit.
Even if this kid is playing me, which could be the case (although doubtful from our interactions) I still would not treat him like some of you have, kid or not. It's not like he did anything illegal or hurtful to anyone.
If this turns out to be just an April Fool's joke, then I guess it's more than appropriate then isn't it? April Fool's doesn't work on any other day than April 1st last time I checked.
Besides, I've got real world problems. Getting punked, especially on April Fool's day isn't one of them.
Get in touch with your local community board (whatever your lowest level local government body organisation is), it is likely they'll be quite supportive of community events such as this, especially if you can put a "local spin" on it.
In the states is called chamber of commerce.
@Liam
Do you have a local Alamo Drafthouse in your area by chance? They run local film festivals all the time, meaning you can rent their full service venue. I went to a few in Austin Texas before. They were a blast.
Does anyone shoot in B&W?
On 3/24/2018 at 9:13 PM, Ingerson said:
I just shot my first short in BW, love the way it captures light. So glad my camera LCD could show BW when shooting. Straight from timeline (proxies, so very heavily compressed) and a simple BW LUT.
Actually, metering in black and white shows your luminance and contrast ratios way better than the distraction of color. Sometimes I'll switch to a b&w profile in camera on tricky exposure situations for metering then switch back to color for recording.
I never shoot in b&w in camera. I always handle that in post because I feel the tools are sophisticated enough now to replicate a faithful conversion.
2 minutes ago, Kisaha said:
I say, burn the whole thread to the ground!
Here's my match. ?
Kisaha reacted to this
Honestly, Andrew at this point I'd just lock down the thread. There's nothing else to be gained here except more feuding, which is not very communal is it?
When (and if) I receive those files from Arikhan, I will contact you via DM to launch a new sticky thread with the findings. Any more information after that will be at Arikhan's full discretion outside of eoshd.
For those of you that showed patience and healthy skeptism, it's been noted. I'm sure Arikhan has no issue sharing with those that showed the spirit of community and civil discourse.
derderimmermuedeist, Marco Tecno and Kisaha reacted to this
32 minutes ago, sanveer said:
People claiming he is some 12 year old, mentally unsound, undicovered geek, oppressed kid blah blah blah are the ones feeding all the tomfoolery. These members should be given a 1 week ban.
Obviously you're referring to me.
All I can say is I just was let go from my job due to downsizing last week and I'm currently passing a 5mm kidney stone. Ban me. Ban me for an entire week, or year or indefinitely. That is the least of my concerns.
And as a father of 3 children, one only a year older than Arikhan, you're damn straight I will protect the youth from people who obviously should not interact with them.
My kid's aren't always honest nor make the best decisions at times. That is no reason to treat them like they have the sensibilities and accountability of a fully grown adult. The goal is to get them there eventually. But that's not an overnight process. When you force these things, you damage that process. The fact that you posted 12 years of age as your reference point is extremely troubling in my mind. Wow.
Hmmmm....
Can I just clarify that I brought those two images up for comparison as I knew someone would search his posts and come across it and would, in all likelihood, have not couched it in, shall we say, quite the same terms.
There are very plausible reasons why those images are as they are that wouldn't disprove a RAW breakthrough.
Just as there are very plausible reasons why those images as they are would not support it.
However, I wasn't just going to ignore the comparison between the images because it didn't suit my suspected - and hoped for outcome - that this is indeed for real.
You're fine. You've been completely sensible in your skepticism. Arikhan never expected full sponsorship here. He just requested some time and a little respect, which is quite mature of him.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2411
|
__label__wiki
| 0.572668
| 0.572668
|
Entwickler: Frictional Games
Entwickler Frictional Games
Frictional Games entwickelte das Horror Adventure Penumbra.
Frictional Games is a small games developer located in the south of Sweden, more specifically in the town of Helsingborg. We develop our own technology to power our games, so far we have released three titles - all part of the Penumbra Series.
Frictional Games isn't really located in Helsingborg, two of us live here and the company is registered here, other than that it is very much a virtual company. Currently we are five people working full-time, all from our own homes, with the Internet as our "office". In addition we hire contractors to help out with specific tasks during production, such as audio, writing and graphics.
Our own game engine goes under the name HPL and uses industry standard technologies such as OpenGL, OpenAL and Newton Game Dynamics. The engine is currently undergoing an extensive update and the new version is cleverly named HPL2. HPL2 is being used in our upcoming game, Amnesia: The Dark Descent.
Spiele vom Entwickler Frictional Games
Penumbra Overture
PCLinux
PCLinuxPS4
Amnesia: A Machine for Pigs
Penumbra: Black Plague
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2412
|
__label__wiki
| 0.532475
| 0.532475
|
Action Comedy Drama Mystery Romance
Lee Myung-Se
Ko Mi-Hee Lee Myung-Se Oh Eun-Sil Oh Soo-Mi Yoo Jung-Hee
Lee Hae-Jyung Lee Myung-Se
Ahn Sung-Ki Do Yong-Gu Ha Ji-Won Kang Dong-Won Kim Jung-Tae Park Myung-Shin Song Young-Chang Yun Ju-Sang
Jeon Mun-Sik
형사
2005 • Action, Comedy, Drama, Mystery, Romance • South Korea • Dir. Lee Myung-Se
Reviewed by Hannah Lin | Mar 9, 2015
In 1999 South Korean director, Lee Myung-Se, wowed audiences at festivals around the world with his moody, action packed detective film ‘Nowhere to Hide’. However, while some were astounded, others were confused. In Lee’s films, movement and music take the place of traditional dialogue and visual storytelling is the key. This ethos is magnified to one hundred percent in his new film ‘Duelist’, a period detective film trapped inside a love story. It will not likely win back those people who hated ‘Nowhere to Hide’, but if you are willing to try something new, this is one of the classiest cinematic experiences you will find in a long while.
Namsoon (Ha Ji-Won) is a female detective living in Koreas Chosun Dynasty. Taught everything she knows by her mentor Ahn (Ahn Sung-Ki), she nonetheless uses her brain very little. If it moves, hit it, seems to be her motto and while her superior Ahn tries repeatedly to teach her patience and wisdom, she is pretty much set in her ways. Tomboy does not quite do it justice. The two become embroiled in a political plot to unbalance Korea’s economy when they are asked to discover which mysterious organisation is forging money and releasing it into circulation. During an undercover operation, a planned bust goes awry when a seemingly unrelated character turns up to make trouble. An overtly feminine swordsman know to the locals only as Sad Eyes. Namsoon does not waste time engaging the deadly assassin in a duel. However, as the pair twist, turn, attack and generally try to destroy each other, something happens. A connection occurs between the two which can only lead to devastation.
Long time fans of Korean cinema will know the drill by now. ‘Duelist’ goes for your heart. There is no handy plot device which will make things all work out in the end. Blood is spilled, people die and it generally all gets a bit messy. That has not to say there is not fun here though, because both in Miss Ha’s performance and in director Lee’s visual wit there is much to marvel, gawp ‘and’ chuckle at. The opening scene which sees Namsoon drunk on the alcohol she is supposed to be undercover selling is amusing and one in which she and her mentor jump and fall round themselves trying to catch a robber in a narrow alley is pure Benny Hill, complete with silly music and sped up camera work. While this sequence had me in stitches, I hear others whine and moan about how it was a serious film just a moment ago, and then an all out farce the next. Well, in my experience this happens in life too. Why a film should have to stick to one genre alone is just confusing to me and Korean cinema is generally a place where this rule is broken. Lee Myung-Se is trying to give us something unexpected, something we have not seen before. He wants to challenge the audience not cater to it. I prefer that sort of respect.
Another area where we are challenged is in the action. ‘Duelist’ contains some of the most beautiful action I have ever seen. Each of the duels (I would not like to call them fights, they have more in common with a dance) are startlingly original. With both Miss Ha and Mr Gang having trained extensively for these scenes, they really are a marvel to behold. Somewhere between a tango dance and reckless sword fights, they leap from the screen, bathed in beautiful lighting and captured with clarity by the director’s eye for movement. Even where the film has no action in a traditional sense, the movement is still the focus. The tactile way in which we interact with the everyday world is shown in every scene. There must be fewer than twenty pages of dialogue in the entire film; a fantastic achievement by the director has been made to tell most of this story without any. The sets should get high praise too. In a film that depends so much on surroundings, they have spent what must easily be most of the budget on building a huge recreation of a market town in the Chosun era. You can almost feel what it would be like to live in those times.
Ha Ji-Won on has improved with each new film she stars in and what separates her from many other K-cinema actors is that she is game to try different things. From the horror of ‘Phone’ to the gross out comedy of ‘Sex is Zero’ she has the ability to completely inhabit the role she is playing. ‘Duelist’ is no different. While she certainly is not your typical action movie heroine, her almost comedic tomboy ways mix with the underlining emotional content very well. Of course, this is given even greater importance by the feminine characteristics of Gang Dong-Won’s Sad Eyes. In a way, their gender roles are reversed and it brings a unique feel to the overall film. Of course, the way both characters are is highly unrealistic considering the time ‘Duelist’ is set, and this is once again director Lee’s way of challenging our perceptions of what a period film like this should be. Ahn Sung-gi once again gives stellar support as her mentor. His raspy voice and odd way of moving leaving an impression long after the film has ended. Mostly required for comedic sequences he nonetheless steps up his game when we hit the more serious parts of the movie and his on screen relationship with Ha is both touching and realistic.
So it will not be for everyone. It consistently zigzags and u-turns all the way to its inevitably tragic end, taking in everything from comedy to tragedy, whilst throwing out the filmmaking rule book. Anyone looking for depth in dialogue is out of luck. Its simple story is basically this: two people who fall in love pay the ultimate price for being on opposite sides of the law. Sub-plots exist, but only to give the film its much needed humour. If you go in expecting an action film in a traditional fight scene sense, ‘Duelist’ will be likely to disappoint. This is a sharply original love story set to incredible moving pictures. It has beautiful actors, heartfelt emotion and a genuine sense of originality. If nothing else it shows just how much cinema may have lost with the advent of sound, what we say is not nearly as important as what we do, and that makes Lee’s film special.
Hannah Lin
Latest posts by Hannah Lin (see all)
Night Life Hero
My Secret Cache
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2413
|
__label__wiki
| 0.71517
| 0.71517
|
Nine-Store Los Angeles Group Charged With Payment Packing, Yo-Yo Financing
September 29, 2016 • by Staff
WASHINGTON, D.C. — The Federal Trade Commission today charged nine Los Angeles-area dealerships and their owners with a wide range of deceptive and unfair sales and financing practices, including payment packing and using "yo-yo" financing tactics. According to the FTC's announcement, this is the first time the regulator has filed an action against an auto dealer for engaging in yo-yo financing.
The FTC's complaint, filed in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California, also charges the dealerships with violating the Truth in Lending Act and Regulation Z, as well as the Consumer Leasing Act and Regulation M for failing to clearly disclose required credit and lease information in their advertising. The regulator is seeking to end the alleged practices and return money to consumers.
“The car-buying process is a two-way street,” said Jessica Rich, director of the FTC’s Bureau of Consumer Protection, in a statement. “The FTC expects dealers to honor their contractual obligations, and will pursue those who use yo-yo financing tactics and pack unwanted costly add-ons onto consumers’ contracts.”
Charged were Universal Nissan; Kia of Downtown Los Angeles; Glendale Infiniti and Glendale Nissan; Mercedes-Benz of Valencia; West Covina Toyota/Scion; Sage Covina Chevrolet; Sage Pre-Owned; and Sage Hyundai. All are owned and operated by Sage Auto Group.
According to the FTC's complaint, the dealerships enticed consumers — particularly the financially distressed and non-English speakers — into their showrooms with print, internet, radio and television advertisements that featured misleading claims, including that vehicles could be purchased at lower prices than the dealerships were prepared to sell them for. The dealerships also falsely advertised that customers would receive lower monthly payments and be able to provide smaller down payments for specific cars, the FTC charged.
Other tactics included advertising finance offers that were really leases. The dealerships also falsely advertised that they would pay off consumers' trade-in vehicles. The FTC also charged the dealerships with using phony online reviews, including ones posted by their own employees, to tout their dealerships and discredit negative reviews highlighting their illegal practices.
The dealerships were also charged with violating the FTC Act's prohibition on deceptive and unfair acts or practices for including F&I products like service contracts and GAP in customers' deals without their knowledge. In some cases, car buyers were told the products were free.
In some instances, according to the complaint, consumers were forced to sign new contracts with different terms than the contract they had already signed. In others, the dealerships allegedly told consumers who completed finance contracts that their agreements had been canceled and that the dealerships were permitted to keep the down payments or trade-ins. If the consumers argued these claims, the FTC charged, the dealerships claimed they could take legal action them if they did not comply.
The FTC's complaint also lists Joseph Sage, Leonard Sage, Michael Sage, Sage Holding Company Inc., and Sage Management Company Inc. as defendants. The commission's vote authorizing the filing of the complaint against Sage Auto Group defendants was 2-1.
Read more about compliance Dealership Deceptive Advertising FTC Regulation M Regulation Z TILA
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2416
|
__label__wiki
| 0.521224
| 0.521224
|
Layoffs Left & Right: Crypto Companies Feel the Bear Market’s Burn
The bear market has bit down hard on some crypto companies--but not all. What does it mean?
Rachel McIntosh | News ( CryptoCurrency ) | Tuesday, 29/01/2019 | 13:22 GMT+2 2019-01-29T11:22:00+00:00 2019-02-01T20:36:41+00:00
Photo: Finance Magnates
The cryptocurrency bear market has had a wide variance of effects on companies in the cryptocurrency industry. Some companies have thrived off of the trimming of the market; others have found themselves devastated by their suddenly empty coffers.
As a result, things are changing–fast. Companies are turning themselves upside down to keep up with the changes in the market: cutting back, scaling up, structuring, restructuring–oi vey.
Asia Trading Summit China&#039;s leading investment event
While not all of the news has been bad, reports of massive layoffs have run rampant through the industry.
Exactly what is happening, and why?
A Time of Churning & Overturning– A Time to ”Streamline”
That word–streamline–has echoed across industry layoff announcements.
Its first high-profile appearance came in Coinbase’ decision to lay off some of its customer service employees this October–a couple of months before industry layoffs could be described as a “trend.”
Indeed, Coinbase’ layoffs were seemingly far less severe than those we have seen in other corners of the industry; their use of the word “streamline” may actually be appropriate. While the company would not confirm a headcount of sacrificed employees, sources told Yahoo Finance that it was more than 15 people who worked remotely.
“We’ve learned that certain teams who are co-located are more efficient, effective, and happier in their roles,” the company said in an announcement explaining the layoffs. “So moving forward, some teams—including Support, Fraud, and Compliance—will only hire employees into Coinbase offices.”
“People here are pretty upset about it, and so far senior leadership is handling communications poorly,” a source told the publication.
While 15 employees may seem like pittance at Coinbase’ 550-person operation, the fact that the company may be preparing to go public has made all of the company’s actions points of possible scrutiny.
Investors have also been paying close attention to the comings and goings of Coinbase’ executive pool–no cuts or layoffs appear to have happened there, although the company did lose Facebook’s David Marcus as a board member around the time of the layoffs.
ConsenSys: “The Fyre Festival of Companies”?
Jonathan Solomon, CEO of Bitcoin ATM and point-of-sale network DigitalMint.io, said that in addition to Coinbase, some of the highest-profile layoffs have belonged to Consensys.
Jonathan Solomon
Solomon explained that Consensys’ layoffs were caused by an all-too-common cycle of events in the cryptocurrency industry: botched funding and capital management.
Consensys, which is an Ethereum-focused incubator for startups and blockchain tech conglomerate, “did not have a clear revenue model and was self-funded by its founder from proceeds of a bull market,” he said. “Now that crypto asset prices have leveled out, that sort of growth was unsustainable and the founder could no longer self-fund.”
“ConsenSys is basically the Fyre Festival of companies” ?
— Jeff Scott (@jeffscottward) January 26, 2019
The consequences of this mismanagement are slated to be severe. On December 6, CoinDesk reported that Consensys had plans to lay off 13 percent of its employees in an effort to “restructure” the company. CEO Joseph Lubin told the publication that the layoffs were an attempt to “streamline several parts of the business.”
Then, on December 20th, technology news outlet The Verge reported that the company was “quickly spinning out startups that it previously supported.” The spin-outs, as well as other cutbacks, will reportedly lead to the cutting of 50 to 60 percent of its 1200-person workforce.
The company sought to soften the blow in a December 26th Medium post, saying that “Projects spinning out is a separate concept than ‘layoffs,’ and the process of spinning out for ConsenSys spokes will occur in stages as each spoke is on a unique journey.”
“ConsenSys will shift from incubating projects internally to collaborating with external partners of all kinds: collaborators, builders, joint ventures, investors. From hackers to enterprises to governments,” the post said, diplomatically.
It seems, however, that ConsenSys isn’t fooling anyone. Even before the layoffs were announced, a Forbes report entitled “Joe Lubin’s Ethereum Experiment Is A Mess. How Long Will He Prop It Up?” estimated that the company’s annual burn rate is $100 million.
Shapeshift Shifts Down
Smaller, more agile companies have also felt the burn of the bear market.
Cryptocurrency exchange Shapeshift announced on January 8th that it would be laying off 37 employees, approximately one-third of its staff. CEO Erik Vorhees wrote in the post that the cutbacks were “a deep and painful reduction, mirrored across many crypto companies in this latest bear market cycle.”
What was unusual about the announcement is that Vorhees seems to have gracefully come out and said exactly what everyone else has been finding ways to skirt around.
Among other concessions, Vorhees admitted that the company had “grown too fast, given our (in)experience as leaders. By the time we learned how to manage a 10-person team, we were 30. By the time we learned how to manage 30, we were 80. Then 100. Then 125. Our understanding of how to organize people grew, but not as fast as the people.”
The Crypto Market Crash Has Devastated Companies Who Stored Capital in Coins
Vorhees also cited the fact that the company kept too large a portion of its assets in cryptocurrency. “As a company, our greatest and worst financial decision is the same: to embrace substantial exposure to crypto assets,” he wrote. “Much of our balance sheet is comprised of them.”
Bill Sinclair, CTO and Interim President and CEO of crypto lending company SALT Lending, explained that this is an unfortunately common problem. “In many cases, companies in the industry have decided to hold large portions of their reserves in crypto. Any company that has approached their business in this way has likely lost resources as a result of the bear market,” he said.
“Companies Must Be Strategic and Somewhat Conservative When It Comes to Treasury Management”
Bill Sinclair.
“While as a crypto company, it’s important to believe in crypto and its ability to disrupt traditional industries, companies must be strategic and somewhat conservative when it comes to their treasury management,” he continued, adding that his own company employees a “conservative treasury strategy” that avoids price speculation.
Volatility in cryptocurrency prices was also cited as the reason behind Ethereum-based chat startup Status’ decision to lay off 25 percent of its workforce. In a December 18th blog post announcing the layoffs, co-founder Jarrad Hope wrote that “we budgeted based on an assumption of a higher floor in the event of a market crash, and did not prepare for scenarios where the value dropped beyond 80% since August.”
“Currently 25% of our roles are non-essential to those goals and our long-term growth projects, and regretfully we’re forced to ask the contributors occupying them to leave today,” he explained. That 25 percent represented about 25 people.
Similarly, blockchain startup Steemit cut 70 percent of its employees in November, citing the bear market.
“While we were building out our team over the last many months we have been relying on projections of basically a higher bottom for the market and since that’s no longer there, we’ve been forced to lay off more than 70 percent of our organization and begin a restructuring,” Steemit CEO and Founder Ned Scott said in a Youtube video announcing the layoffs.
“The next 12 months we will be in survival mode from a cost-cutting perspective. We’re focused on building ad revenue for the first time on the platform, and getting operation fees under control” ~ new @steemit CEO @EliPowell https://t.co/bbo8MNWL58
— Mike Dudas (@mdudas) January 25, 2019
The Mining Industry
Perhaps no corner of the industry has been hit harder by the market crash than cryptocurrency mining companies.
Chinese mining giant Bitmain announced a round of layoffs near the end of December, followed by rumors that the company has plans to eventually lay off roughly 50 percent of its approximately 2000 employees. The rumors were never denied by the company.
⚠️⚠️⚠️
there’s post on Chinese Linkedin (usually very high accuracy, posted by employees themselves) saying Bitmain will start a layoff the coming week … ???
A separate rumor said the plan is for more than 50% of its headcount ???! pic.twitter.com/b0ZSBuPX4d
— Dovey Wan ? (@DoveyWan) December 23, 2018
Around the same time, Japan-based electronic commerce and Internet company DMM.com announced the shutdown of its mining business; GMO, the Tokyo-based holding company of GMO Internet Group, said that it would be closing doors on its mining equipment manufacturing business around the same time.
What This Means: How is the Industry Changing?
Despite the growing number of layoffs in the industry, things may not be as bad as they seem. In mid-December, LinkedIn’s 2018 US Emerging Jobs report revealed that blockchain developer positions were the most rapidly growing new job opening in the United States.
Similarly, reports have also emerged that certain pockets of the cryptocurrency industry have been thriving in the bear market– for example, crypto lending companies. SALT Lending’s Bill Sinclair said that “what we’re seeing, especially within our own company, is the ability to create roles that are variations of positions in existing fields.”
Blockchain Companies Are Poaching Staffers With More “Traditional” Skill Sets
“Companies in the blockchain space are creating roles that leverage traditional skill sets,” he explained, “so we see a lot of potential for job growth as blockchain technology continues to evolve and become a larger part of our economy and a technology used by more traditional firms.”
Digital Mint’s Jonathan Solomon also sees major growth in his corner of the industry. “There seem to be a lot of opportunities for companies building infrastructure around leading cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin,” he explained. “Online exchanges, crypto point-of-sale solutions, kiosks (Bitcoin ATMs), and other financial products are thriving and teams are hiring to build and support this infrastructure.”
What this may suggest is that the industry is changing more than it is shrinking–and that companies with certain qualities are feeling the burn far more than others. “The impact on the industry at large will be felt hardest for moonshot ‘pie-in-the-sky’ blockchain projects that aren’t currently generating any revenues, i.e. companies who haven’t yet established product-market fit within their customer bases,” Solomon said.
“Companies that have established traction, customers, and revenue will be less affected by the current crypto-market, while those companies that have not previously been revenue-focused will feel layoffs the most.”
Is the Party Over?
And indeed, the companies who have felt the layoffs the most have received the lion’s share of the media’s attention. Perhaps this is why–for some–the cryptocurrency market has passed the point of no return.
Dary Merckens.
One of these is Dary Merckens, CTO of Gunner Technology (an AWS Partner specializing in JavaScript development for government and business). Merckens told Finance Magnates that “the industry is toast. Anyone in it needs to get out. Anyone hoping to get in missed the bubble.”
“Anyone working in crypto right now is like a tulip bulb salesman in the Netherlands circa 1637,” he said. “The party’s over.”
Tags: blockchain / coinbase / ConsenSys / crackdown / crypto / industry / Steemit
Austrian FMA Blacklists FX Crypto Club as Regulation Takes Effect
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2418
|
__label__cc
| 0.697314
| 0.302686
|
Rahul Gandhi’s twin attack on PM Modi, Arun Jaitley on economy, fresh investments
Updated: January 4, 2019 11:42:11 AM
Gandhi has been attacking the government over farmers' and economic issues. The government has rejected all assertions of the opposition party.
Congress president Rahul Gandhi (PTI)
Congress president Rahul Gandhi on Friday attacked Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Finance Minister Arun Jaitley over a media report claiming that new investments in India had plunged to a 14-year-low, alleging that one is unable to handle the administration, while the other is unable to understand the economy.
In a Facebook post, Gandhi cited the report which claimed investments in the just-ended December quarter fell to a 14-year-low. The report cited fresh data from the project-tracking database of the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE).
“Both ‘chowkidar’ (watchman) and his loudmouth friend are unable to do their work. One is unable to handle the administration, the other is unable to understand the economy,” the Congress president wrote in Hindi in a thinly veiled reference to Modi and Jaitley.
“One runs away fearing questions. The other comes and calls mangoes as tamarind,” Gandhi said.
“The country keeps suffering losses. But how does this matter to them?” he asked.
Gandhi has been attacking the government over farmers’ and economic issues. The government has rejected all assertions of the opposition party.
Rahul Gandhi’s twin attack on PM Modi Arun Jaitley on economy fresh investments
Truth: Was there ever an age of truth?
1Rajnath Singh to be chief guest at 13th Ramnath Goenka journalism awards
2Ayodhya dispute: Will ASI findings play a role in Ram Janmabhoomi-Babri Masjid title suit?
3JPC report on Citizenship Amendment Bill adopted amid opposition protests
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2419
|
__label__wiki
| 0.955293
| 0.955293
|
OpenX expands into Australia; Essence wins integrated media agency of record duties for ZEE5 India
by Mathew Broughton on 31st Jul 2019 in News
In this weekly segment, ExchangeWire sums up key industry updates on ad tech from around the Asia Pacific region – in this edition: OpenX expands into Australia; Essence wins integrated media agency of record duties for ZEE5 India; Verizon Media launches Yahoo Studio.
OpenX expands into Australia
OpenX, an independent digital advertising exchange, has announced the official launch of operations in Australia. The company also announced the hiring of advertising veteran Mitchell Greenway as director of partner services for Australia and New Zealand.
With the launch of operations in market, OpenX will bring greater access to demand for the quality inventory that exists in Australia, including deepening relationships with existing publisher partners in Australia, such as Microsoft and eBay, in addition to building new partnerships with other local publishers.
The announcement follows significant investment in APAC expansion efforts earlier this year, including the opening of the company’s regional headquarters in Singapore and the hiring of Andrew Tu as managing director of APAC to guide overall growth efforts. In the first half of 2019, OpenX has experienced significant growth in publisher acquisition adding dozens of new partners and driving an overall increase in publisher growth in APAC of more than 40% year-over-year.
“Building our team with the right people has been a top priority as we expand to new regions across APAC. With Mitchell coming on board, along with our best-in-class tech infrastructure, we are now set up to deliver real value to publishers and advertisers in the region,” said Tu. “We will approach Australia with the same unrivalled commitment to quality and trusted partnership that has helped our international business flourish over the past decade and plan to rapidly grow both in-market, and throughout Southeast Asia more generally.”
Essence wins integrated media agency of record duties for ZEE5 India
Essence, a global data and measurement-driven media agency which is part of GroupM, has announced that it has won integrated media agency of record duties for ZEE5 India, the fastest-growing over-the-top (OTT) platform in the country.
The key media mandate includes the subscription video on demand (SVOD) business, covering both the digital brand and performance mandates, as well as offline media and search engine optimisation duties for ZEE5 India. Led out of Essence’s Mumbai office, the ZEE5 business will be supported by the agency’s practice leads across business planning, strategy, analytics, experience, integrated media planning, media activation and advertising operations.
“As India’s fastest-growing OTT platform, ZEE5 is showing the way on how to build engaged audiences with its rich library of original content in multiple Indian languages,” said Anand Chakravarthy, Managing Director, India at Essence. “For Essence, this is a perfect opportunity to bring in our tools and technology, and deploy our bespoke integrated planning approach that is supported by strong measurement capabilities. We look forward to creating value for ZEE5 and supporting its growth momentum.”
Verizon Media launches Yahoo Studio
Verizon Media has announced the launch of Yahoo Studio, its new state-of-the-art studio in Singapore. Equipped with cutting-edge video production capabilities such as mixed reality, motion capture, and live streaming, Yahoo Studio will set the stage for innovation with tomorrow’s technologies, to create compelling local content for youths and young adults across Southeast Asia. The studio in Singapore, with top-of-the-line capabilities, is the latest addition to Verizon Media’s global studio expansion, with studios in New York, Los Angeles, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Yahoo Studio Singapore will take forward Verizon Media’s continued investment in video and the future of innovative content, with a deeper local focus and commitment to users in the region.
The launch of Yahoo Studio in Singapore follows the success of Yahoo TV which, in just over a year, has built a base of over 1.3m monthly viewers. Yahoo TV’s high-quality bite-sized shows, such as ‘Singlish with Uncle Gwee’ and ‘Can You Hear What Auntie is Cooking’, have been extremely popular with Singaporeans. And now, Yahoo TV is amping up its content line up with the award-winning In the Know series, which has a staggering 62 million followers globally. ‘In The Know Singapore’, produced by Yahoo Studio, will take on a local flavour featuring the latest trends and discoveries in Southeast Asia. Harnessing Yahoo Studio’s powerful capabilities, Yahoo TV will continue to push the boundary as it works with some of the region’s most exciting content producers and influencers to revolutionise content creation.
“Yahoo Studio puts us at the intersection of technology and storytelling, a place from where we can develop pioneering content experiences for the next generation of users in Southeast Asia. The expanding footprint of Verizon Media studios around the world, and now in Singapore, reiterates our strategic focus on mobile and video – both key drivers in SEA’s Internet economy,” said Rico Chan, Managing Director, Verizon Media Hong Kong, Japan, INSEA and ANZ.
TagsAdvertisingAgencyExchangeTVVideo
The Italian Programmatic & Martech Industry in 2019: Predictions & Reflections
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2421
|
__label__wiki
| 0.560765
| 0.560765
|
An Adelaide labour hire company short-changed an Indian visa-holder $22,000 over just 17 months, inquiries by the Fair Work Ombudsman have revealed.
The business underpaid the casual employee’s minimum hourly and public holiday rates.
It also failed to pay his casual loading, which alone totalled $19,085.
The employee, aged in his mid-30s, was working six days a week in the horticulture industry on a 475 skilled regional sponsored visa.
He was paid flat rates of between $15.96 and $17 an hour.
Under the Horticulture Industry Award he should have received a minimum of between $20.66 and $20.83 an hour and between $26.45 and $29.99 on public holidays.
The employee sought the assistance of the Fair Work Ombudsman after he was unsuccessful in attempts to resolve the issue directly with his employer.
Fair Work Ombudsman Natalie James says the business escaped enforcement action because it had not previously come to the Agency’s attention and co-operated with inspectors to rectify the matter and ensure its ongoing compliance in the future.
However, after a follow-up Compliance Notice was issued following further requests for assistance from two other employees, the company went into liquidation.
In separate matters, the Fair Work Ombudsman has recently recovered:
$18,000 for 26 casual wait staff at an Adelaide CBD restaurant who were paid a flat rate of $22 an hour when they should have received up to $27.71,
$8500 for a male fast food worker in Mawson Lakes who completed unpaid work for a portion of his shifts, and
$6000 for a full-time manager, three casual housekeepers and a receptionist at an accommodation business in Adelaide’s CBD who were underpaid their minimum hourly rate and weekend penalties.
Employees and employers can use the Fair Work Ombudsman’s free online tools and resources to check entitlements specific to their workplace.
The Agency’s Pay and Conditions Tool (PACT) provides advice about pay, shift, leave and redundancy entitlements. Visit www.calculate.fairwork.gov.au to learn more.
“When we find errors, our preference is to educate employers about their obligations and assist them to put processes in place to ensure the mistakes are not repeated,” Ms James said.
Employers uncertain about their workplace practices can visit www.fairwork.gov.au or call the Fair Work Infoline on 13 13 94 for advice.
Annie Lawson, Media Adviser
annie.lawson@fwo.gov.au
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2428
|
__label__cc
| 0.592845
| 0.407155
|
Home / Updates / Protect the Renewable Energy Resources Fund (RERF)
Protect the Renewable Energy Resources Fund (RERF)
The Future Energy Jobs Law designates funding from the Renewable Energy Resources Fund (RERF) to enact the Illinois Solar for All Program (not tax dollars).
The Renewable Energy Resources Fund (RERF) was set up initially to invest in new renewable development and funded by alternative retail electric suppliers. Over the past several years, over $200 million was collected but only $30 million has been used for new renewable projects because of broken policy.
RERF funds are at risk for being “swept” away by the legislature for other purposes. These funds present an incredible opportunity to jumpstart renewable energy development for economically-challenged communities through the Illinois Solar for All Program, and should be used as they were intended for new renewable energy development.
As a person of faith, your voice makes a difference in advocating for environmental justice and creating a healthier future for all communities. We need you to help us advocate that the dollars in the Renewable Energy Resources Fund be spent on the Solar for All Program
We call for our state legislators to prioritize an Environmental Justice agenda by shaping policy that addresses the adverse and disproportionate impacts of climate change and other energy sector environmental damage upon communities of color and economically-disadvantaged communities.
We call for our state legislators to co-sponsor the Environmental Justice Resolution (HR0234/SR353) and to use RERF dollars for the Illinois Solar for All Program.
Water Preservation
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2429
|
__label__wiki
| 0.944539
| 0.944539
|
US seeks rapprochement with authoritarian Central Asian states
EURACTIV.com with Reuters
Samarkand [John Kerry Twitter]
US Secretary of State John Kerry met with officials from five Central Asian states on Sunday (1 November), who are accused of being among the world’s worst offenders of human rights.
But in the talks in the ancient city of Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Kerry tempered any public criticism as he sought deeper US ties with the region, seen increasingly as lying in the shadow of an assertive Russia, and exposed to Islamist militancy.
Kerry was in Samarkand to meet his counterparts from the former Soviet so-called “-stans”: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, and reassure them of continued US engagement in the strategic region.
Incredible visit to #Registan in ancient #Samarkand. Strong reminder of our duty to protect cultural heritage sites. pic.twitter.com/7d67WDFAIC
— John Kerry (@JohnKerry) November 1, 2015
On the fringes of that meeting, he spoke to Uzbek President Islam Karimov, who has ruled Uzbekistan for a quarter of a century and is often criticized internationally for heading a repressive government. It was the highest-level US encounter with Karimov in years.
>>Read: EU freezes relations with Uzbekistan
Most of the five former Soviet republics in Central Asia have poor human rights records, and a US official insisted that Kerry, on a four-day tour of the region, has not shied away from raising the issue “robustly” behind closed doors.
But he took pains to avoid direct public criticism as he pursued security and economic concerns at the top of his agenda.
“The United States does support the sovereignty and territorial integrity and independence of each country that’s represented here,” Kerry told the ministers’ meeting.
That message has taken on greater importance as Washington draws down its forces in Afghanistan, concerns mount about the threat to the region from Islamic State, and Russia, fresh from forays into Ukraine and Syria, reasserts its influence.
It was Kerry’s first meeting as secretary of state with Karimov, one of several former Soviet Communist Party bosses in the region, whose grip on power has tightened over the years.
Kerry made no explicit mention of human rights when reporters were allowed briefly into the room at the start of the talks. But he said he wanted to discuss with Karimov and Central Asian foreign ministers “the human dimension, the issues of individuals and their participation in society”.
As security men starting ushering reporters out of the room, one American reporter shouted a question to Karimov about the US State Department’s own scathing critique of his human rights record. Karimov ignored the query. Kerry began responding but the reporter was pushed out of the room before he finished.
A later summary of the meeting by the State Department said the two men had talked about “respect for human rights and political freedoms” along with security and economic issues.
https://youtube.com/watch?v=hVqWCjOvZ3A
A senior US official said only that Karimov “took on board that he would look into it” and that real progress would require persistent US pressure.
At the foreign ministers’ meeting, Kerry also appeared to soft-pedal human rights in his public comments.
But he advised the ministers of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan that “in Central Asia as elsewhere, people have a deep hunger for governments that are accountable and effective.”
>>Read: Turkmenistan looks to the West
Though none of the other ministers mentioned the issue in their statements, a joint final communique said the states were committed to protecting human rights and developing democratic institutions. But it offered no specific reforms or timetables.
They also declared support for Afghanistan’s development as a “peaceful, thriving” state and an intention to counter cross-border threats such as terrorism.
International human rights bodies list Karimov’s government as among the world’s most repressive. The latest State Department global report on human rights cites torture, forced labor in the Uzbek cotton fields and “endemic corruption”.
A US official said Kerry’s aides raised with Uzbekistan’s foreign minister some specific cases of political prisoners.
At the same time, however, the Obama administration is mindful of Uzbekistan’s strategic importance. It has been, for example, a reliable partner providing logistical support for the US-led military campaign in neighboring Afghanistan.
The renewed US focus on Central Asia coincides with warnings from Russian officials about the danger of Islamic State militants infiltrating the region from Afghanistan, accompanied by hints Moscow will respond by beefing up its military presence.
Syrian war
22 Nov, 08:54 // Billionaire Michael Bloomberg files paperwork to run for US president
6 Nov, 12:56 // Macron says Iran move signals its intent to quit nuclear agreement
30 Oct, 08:50 // Iran, Russia take aim at US military presence near Syrian oilfields
30 Oct, 08:46 // Turkey says it will eliminate remaining Kurdish fighters in northeast Syria
6Athens smarting after exclusion from German-hosted Libya conference
9LEAK: Commission considers facial recognition ban in AI 'white paper'
10Portugal eyes more immigrants to mitigate low-birth rate
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2433
|
__label__wiki
| 0.967547
| 0.967547
|
About: Commission presidency
Commission presidency
Future EU 09-07-2019
Sassoli ‘reasonably optimistic’ for von der Leyen vote
The European Parliament's new president, David Sassoli, is “reasonably optimistic” about the vote on whether to confirm Ursula von der Leyen as European Commission president next week, EU sources told EURACTIV.com.
Competition 10-04-2019
Vestager campaigns on hostile French territory
Danish Commissioner Vestager, centrist figurehead and part of French Macronists' future family in the European Parliament, does not have support from the French government for fear she will stand in the way of French candidate Michel Barnier. EURACTIV France reports.
Elections 15-02-2018
Macron’s plans for a party in the European Parliament
Emmanuel Macron has reiterated his goal of overhauling the European political landscape. Whether this involves creating a new party or joining forces with the liberals, a lot of obstacles lie in his way. EURACTIV.fr reports Macron has his eye on...
Politics 05-07-2017
Moscovici begins angling for Juncker’s job
With Jean-Claude Juncker now over the half-way point of his term at the head of the European Commission, the jostling ahead of the 2019 presidential contest has already begun. Juncker has always said he will not stand for a second term. EURACTIV Spain reports.
EU Elections 2014 03-11-2014
Commission presidential race only interested 5% of European electorate
Choosing the future President of the European Commission only motivated 5% of voters in the May 2014 elections. Germany, Luxembourg and Austria were the only countries to show slightly more interest in the presidential race between the two main candidates, Jean-Claude Juncker and Martin Schulz. EURACTIV.fr reports.
MEPs flex their muscles ahead of Juncker approval vote
Jean-Claude Juncker began his tour of European Parliament political groups yesterday (8 July) and appears closer than ever to securing a majority. But Juncker's bid for the EU Commission Presidency may still be hanging by a thread as many MEPs are still undecided. EURACTIV Germany reports.
Brexit 24-06-2014
Vote looms on next EU Commission chief as Cameron raises stakes
David Cameron has stepped up his campaign to block Jean-Claude Juncker from the European Commission Presidency, insisting that a vote takes place at this week's EU summit in Brussels (26-27 June). EURACTIV France reports.
Defence minister is Juncker’s favourite for German Commission post
Few women can be found among EU Commissioners, something Jean-Claude Juncker says he will change if he becomes Commission president, amid news that Martin Schulz has given up vying for the post and rumours that Ursula von der Leyen is Juncker’s top choice. EURACTIV Germany reports.
Moscovici: ‘clusterisation’ is crucial for next Commission
France’s leading candidate for the European Commission, Pierre Moscovici, is certain that Jean-Claude Juncker will be made president. He wants a Commission organised in "clusters" and that includes the Eurogroup President. EURACTIV France reports.
Cameron and Merkel are the EU Council’s biggest rivals
Germany and the United Kingdom are the two countries who most often went head to head in EU Council votes, new research released on Wednesday (11 June) shows.
Think tanks brush portrait of next EU Commission chief
The identity of the next European Commission President is still unknown, but two think thanks have come together to analyse what will make the next President stand out from the rest and secure the job. EURACTIV France reports.
Van Rompuy expects ‘no names’ soon for next Commission chief
In an invitation sent out on Wednesday (21 May), European Council president Herman Van Rompuy tells EU leaders that the EU Summit on 27 May will be too early to have a decision on the next EU Commission president.
Next Commission chief could be ‘an outsider’, Van Rompuy says
Herman Van Rompuy, the European Council President, has reiterated his personal reservations about the pan-European 'Spitzenkandidaten' for the EU elections, stressing the next EU Commission president “needs a large majority in the Council too”.
Diversity wins as EU presidential candidates try to impress voters
In a multilingual debate, which turned into a fight about austerity, the candidates to become the next President of the European Commission on Thursday (15 May) showed the face of a not-so-divided, decidely diverse Europe.
Social Europe & Jobs 08-05-2014
Schulz vows to tackle gender pay gap
Presenting his election programme in Brussels on Wednesday (7 May), socialist campaign frontman Martin Schulz said the gender pay gap was "dramatic" and would be a priority in the EU if he became the next President of the European Commission.
INFOGRAPHIC: EU Presidential Debates 2014
With less than four weeks to go before polls open on 22-25 May, the parties' main candidates for the EU Commission presidency face each other in a series of 'Presidential Debates', broadcasted by national and European media.
Schulz, Juncker tell Van Rompuy ‘the old days are over’
The two lead candidates in the race for the European elections have reacted vigorously to statements by Council President Herman Van Rompuy, who scorned the parties’ attempt to put forward candidates for the European Commission's presidency.
Schulz attacked over political appointments
Green MEPs have rallied against appointments in the European Parliament administration involving its president, Martin Schulz, in the run-up to the EU elections, in which he is a candidate for the Commission presidency.
Justice & Home Affairs 01-04-2014
Top Commission official to manage Juncker’s campaign
Martin Selmayr, the head of cabinet of EU justice commissioner Viviane Reding, has been appointed campaign manager for centre-right candidate Jean-Claude Juncker.
Barnier takes on Juncker for EU Commission job
French EU Commissioner Michel Barnier filed his candidacy on Friday (28 February) to become the European People’s Party’s candidate for the European Commission presidency, in a race that will be decided at the EPP congress later this week. EURACTIV France contributed to this report.
EU Conservatives call single candidate election campaigns a ‘1950-style vision’
The Alliance of European Conservatives and Reformists (AECR) announced on Thursday (20 February) that they would not put forward a candidate for the European Commission presidency, calling the parties’ initiative for single candidates “an old 1950-style vision”.
Greens select four candidates to run in primaries ahead of 2014 elections
Four Green MEPs are entering the race for two top positions in the EU elections campaign ahead of the vote in May 2014.
Schulz unopposed as socialist frontrunner for Commission presidency
Martin Schulz will be the European socialists’ frontrunner for the EU elections in May, the party announced on Wednesday (6 November), after he was unopposed in the selection procedure. The German politician tips euroscepticism and youth unemployment as key campaign issues.
German coalition talks cast long shadow over EU elections
German chancellor Angela Merkel said there was no “automatic link” between the party that wins next year's EU election and the next European Commission president, casting doubt over a pledge by the centre-right European People's Party (EPP) to "put a face" on the election.
RSS - Commission presidency
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2434
|
__label__cc
| 0.582387
| 0.417613
|
X-Plane 11: Vulkan and Metal: Testing and Bug Fighting
HN,
One thing you can say about the X-Plane 11 developers, is that they do provide plenty of details on the behind the scenes development work. The latest entry from designer Ben Supnik goes into great detail on the work going into the latest beta using Metal and Vulkan.
Carenado - C208B Grand Caravan G1000 for X-Plane 11
New from Carenado is the C208B Grand Caravan G1000. This is their second version of the C208 for X-Plane 11 with this one offering a full G1000 glass cockpit versus the traditional "steam gauge" cockpit in the previously released version. It features full interior and exterior PBR, options for cargo pod, customized FMOD sounds and much more.
Captain 7 December Update
Published on 12-26-2019 12:55 PM Number of Views: 921
Prepar3D,
Captain 7 has provided their first update in some months. It's interesting to note their excitement about working on the new Microsoft Flight Simulator. They also report progress on scenery including Nuremberg for X-Plane and Hannover and Heringsdorf for Prepar3D.
Just Flight Christmas Preview Of 747 Classic
As one of their last announcements of the year, Just Flight has supplied some work in progress screen shots of the new 747-100/200/200F models for the 747 Classic P3D. While no release date has yet been set, they do describe it as a "priority title". After the Prepar3D version, an X-Plane version is also in the plan.
Eagle Rotorcraft Simulations MD500 Release Candidate
Published on 12-26-2019 11:57 AM Number of Views: 862
FSX,
Eagle Rotorcraft Simulations has offered a Christmas present to FSX and Prepar3D helicopter fans in the form of a free release of their MD500D/MD500E. Note that this is a beta or "release candidate" and so not everything is complete or perfect. It does include two models and variants such as floats.
SimWorks Studios Christmas Sale
Simworks Studios announces their Christmas Sale, with all their products now 20% off for a limited time. SimWorks Studios is a developer of high quality flight simulation add-ons, aimed at creating not just a simulation, but the experience! Their specialty is military aircraft and aircraft carriers to fly them from.
Drzewiecki Design Christmas Sale Starts Today
Announcing the Drzewiecki Design Christmas Sale. Starting later than everyone else, this week only save 30% on a wide variety of scenery for FSX, Prepar3D and X-Plane. Drzewiecki has scenery for American cities like Seattle, Washington, Chicago, Miami and New York, and European destinations like Moscow, Warsaw and Tallinn plus lots of scenery for Poland.
JustAsia - CYYT St. John's Airport Released
New for X-Plane from JustAsia is scenery of CYYT - St. John's International Airport in Newfoundland, Canada. This is an ideal starting point for flight across the pond. It features UHD ortho imagery, custom HDR lighting, custom animated ground traffic and more.
Gaya Simulations Offers Kos-Ippokratis For Free
While only just announced last week, and not yet actually available, Gaya Simulations is offering their Prepar3D scenery of Kos-Ippokratis Airport for free to anyone who registers before the end of 2019.
FlightSimLabs Releases A321-X
FSLabs announces the release of the biggest and longest cousin in the A32X series family, the A321-X for Prepar3D. Expanding on FSLabs' ground-breaking visual effects, windshield rain and airframe icing simulation, along with a custom animated external model and unique 3D sound engineering, the A321-X debuts the Cabin Camera System, integrated into the lower ECAM display, to show a live video feed of the cabin.
Page 2 of 116 First 1 2 3 4 12 52 102 ... Last
Low and slow over NL
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2439
|
__label__wiki
| 0.662356
| 0.662356
|
ATC Privatization Plan Hits Turbulence
A Senate panel has rejected the idea while the votes needed to pass a House bill have so far failed to materialize.
By Stephen Pope
AirVenture guests have been greeted by a bevy of information on the GA community's opposition to ATC privatization.Flying
Bill Shuster still thinks it’s a great idea, and apparently so does Sam Graves, but it’s starting to feel like the rest of Congress is ready to move on from the ill-fated idea of ATC privatization and focus on the real issue at hand: how to properly fund the FAA so the agency can complete critical air traffic modernization projects.
A Senate panel on Tuesday rejected the Trump Administration’s proposal to privatize air traffic control, with the Senate Appropriations subcommittee for transportation and housing approving by voice vote a $60 billion bill, with $16.7 billion for the FAA.
That vote occurred on the same day that GA leaders left Oshkosh to head to D.C. to meet with members of the House General Aviation Caucus and explain why ATC privatization is “a solution in search of a problem,” in their view.
“If Congress would just provide the FAA with stable, multi-year funding for its modernization programs, we wouldn’t even be talking about ATC privatization,” said EAA Chairman Jack Pelton at AirVenture.
Rep. Graves, the Republican co-chair of the GA Caucus who recently flip-flopped on the issue after opposing ATC privatization last year, was a no-show at the meeting, which was attended by a small number of GA Caucus members and a large contingent of staffers who sat down with GAMA chairman Pete Bunce, NBAA president Ed Bolen and AOPA president Mark Baker to discuss the issue.
Pelton, who opted to remain in Oshkosh for AirVenture rather than attend the meeting, blasted Rep. Shuster yesterday at a public town hall and later at a press conference at Oshkosh, accusing the Pennsylvania Republican of resorting to “strong-arm tactics” to secure the votes needed to pass a bill. He cited a Northern Wisconsin congressman whose district suffered flooding and needed insurance relief. According to Pelton, that congressman was told, “You vote no on privatization and that insurance bill will never see the light of day.”
Pelton said threats have also been leveled at EAA to support ATC privatization or get “nothing” in the bill.
Despite the hurdles ATC privatization backers face, the issue is far from dead as the Trump Administration continues to press for an ATC overhaul. Schuster is expected to again push to get the votes he needs after the summer recess in early September. The GA industry associations say they will keep applying pressure in the meantime by telling their side of the story and encouraging their members to contact Congress as well.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2441
|
__label__wiki
| 0.957083
| 0.957083
|
Unilever brews up acquisition of herbal tea firm
By Matt Atherton contact
Unilever bought Pukka Herbs for an undisclosed fee
Related tags: Tea
Unilever has bought Bristol-based tea manufacturer Pukka Herbs for an undisclosed fee, in a bid to close a gap in its portfolio, the manufacturer revealed yesterday (September 7).
The organic herbal tea business was a clear fit for Unilever, because they shared a sustainable living philosophy around benefitting people, plants and the planet, claimed Unilever. Pukka Herbs was also the fastest growing organic tea company in the world, according to Euromonitor 2016, with turnover of more than £30M, and growth of over 30%.
Unilever refreshment category president Kevin Havelock said: “Pukka has strong values and a clear purpose that aligns fully with our own sustainable growth model. There’s a clear strategic, philosophical and cultural fit for us.
‘Gap in our portfolio’
“The acquisition strengthens our tea business, addressing a gap in our portfolio. Pukka is a premium player in the natural, organic, health and wellness segment, which is fast-growing, attractive and scalable. We look forward to bringing Pukka to even more consumers.”
The deal with Unilever would see Pukka gain new opportunities to reach more customers, the company’s founders Sebastian Pole and Tim Westwell said. The 16-year-old firm will continue to donate 1% of its total sales to environmental charities, it confirmed.
Pole, who is also Pukka master herbsmith, said: “Choosing Unilever came down to two fundamentals: scale and sustainability. It is a leader in social and environmental change and it wholeheartedly embraces Pukka’s beliefs.
“Pukka will remain 100% organic and a champion for fair trading through pioneering schemes like Fair for Life, and continue to donate 1% of its sales to global environmental charities. With Unilever, we have new levels of reach and opportunity.”
‘Huge progress’
Co-founder and ceo Westwell added: “From day one, our mission was to connect more people with the incredible power of plants and herbs. 16 years later, with 1.5bn Pukka teas enjoyed, we’ve made huge progress – and it’s just the beginning.”
The tea business is currently worth £1.47bn (€1.6bn), according to data from information specialist Nielsen.
Pukka makes 40 herbal tea products, including Mint Refresh, Ginsend Matcha Green and Night Time Tea. It almost makes a range of organic supplements, including Aloe Vera Juice, Castor Oil and Rosewater.
Meanwhile, Clipper Tea owner Wessanen has hired David Caré as its new international sales director.
Related topics: Ambient foods, Health and nutritional ingredients
Unilever to sell its Spreads business to KKR for £6.031bn
Hain Celestial buys UK sweetener supplier Clarks
Goodlife Foods acquired by Dutch food manufacturer
Tetley brand launches 180th anniversary commemorative tin for its tea
Ganeden
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2443
|
__label__wiki
| 0.826252
| 0.826252
|
Horsemeat scandal abattoir boss hit with new fines
The court found Boddy guilty of two charges
Related tags: Finance, Food safety, Meat & Seafood
Peter Boddy, owner of the Burnley-based Cross Stone Abattoir, has been hit with fines of more than £7,000 after being prosecuted by the Food Standards Agency (FSA) for failing to comply with a horse-related detention notice.
Boddy, who was involved in the 2013 horsemeat scandal, has been fined £600, as well facing costs totalling more than £6,700 for failing to comply with a detention notice, covering a black-brown horse detained for further examination, which should not have been removed from the premises.
Further offence
He pleaded guilty to the charge, as well as to a further offence of failing to comply with food safety regulations, covering the acceptance of a foal without food chain information (FCI) in April last year.
Additional charges, which alleged Boddy had failed to check an animal passport for a foal presented for slaughter and intended for human consumption, were dropped.
Back in 2015, Boddy was fined £60,000 after pleading guilty to two offences covering the traceability of horsemeat in the food chain. This was related to the 2013 scandal, which uncovered the presence of horsemeat in various beef products sold by major retailers.
Detention notice
“Mr Boddy pleaded guilty to two charges at Burnley Magistrates’ Court, of failing to comply with a detention notice and failing to notify an official veterinarian (OV) of an animal without food chain information (FCI),” an FSA spokesman told Food Manufacture.
“He was ordered to pay a fine and costs totalling more than £6,700. It is vitally important for consumers and the wider industry that regulations are followed and public health is protected.
“The FSA will continue to rigorously investigate suspected breaches and prosecute those involved to ensure vital regulations are upheld.”
Boddy had declined to comment on the latest charge at the time of publication.
Related topics: Food Safety, Food Ingredients, Health & Nutrition
Food firm fined for flour store infestation
Environment Agency slams Weetabix after pollution fine
Egg supplier fined £60k after fork lift crushed worker
Beechdean Farm fined after worker blinded
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2444
|
__label__cc
| 0.64775
| 0.35225
|
Ecotagious
Ecotagious harnesses the energy of growth
Posted In the category Grow by First West Capital on May 15, 2019 published by First West Capital
Household energy conservation is getting a whole lot smarter thanks to Vancouver-based clean-tech company Ecotagious. It provides SaaS-based energy analytics and home energy management primarily to electric and natural gas utility companies who are mandated to motivate customers to spend less on energy. Ecotagious’ simple, personalised content allows consumers to access consumption insights by leveraging meter data – without the need for expensive hardware. It is driving some of the best behavioral energy savings in the industry in both Canada and the U.S.
An excellent track record for generating savings with marquee utility clients, a collaborative approach and the offering of innovative solutions for its customers has resulted in significant growth for the company. In 2018 Ecotagious tripled its revenue and staff over the previous year, and its growth trajectory is set to continue. Having recently won several large contracts, it needed to ensure the business could deliver at the same standard its clients had come to expect. It was also time to leverage its success to capitalize off the traction they were seeing.
“We needed to invest in sales, marketing and people to meet the demands of our growing business. We have eight new clients and we quickly realised we needed the right capital in place to ensure we could fire on all cylinders,” shares Vice-President of Business Development, Salim Popatia.
A challenge for Ecotagious is managing cash flow around customer paying cycles and schedules. To simultaneously fulfill contracts and grow the business, access to working capital became paramount. “There is a spread between when we need to deliver and when we receive payment – and that’s just the nature of the utility industry,” Popatia explains
Previously, Ecotagious hadn’t entertained junior capital financing. “As we began to talk to First West Capital, we were surprised at how quickly they understood our business model and what we wanted to achieve. As it turned out, the solution from First West Capital was much better suited to our measured approach to growth and our desire to keep equity in the business,” says Popatia.
“We see this situation often with technology clients,” says First West Capital Managing Director, David Hastie. “Like Ecotagious, they have a strong revenue model, capable management and healthy growth, but require access to capital that doesn’t dilute too much equity. Junior capital can be more flexible and patient for growing businesses that want to remain in control.”
He continues, “We were able to provide financing to Ecotagious based on its impressive growth, which has allowed it to continue to scale up. Ecotagious has a unique and highly-scalable clean-tech business and we are thrilled to support its growth and mission to make a positive impact on the environment.”
In addition to junior capital from First West Capital, Ecotagious also received financing from EDC and BMO, an excellent example of Canadian financial intuitions working together to support dynamic technology companies as they expand globally.
Popatia says its story has really resonated within the utility industry and the strategy will be to amplify the brand to a wider audience. The funds from First West Capital will support an increase in digital marketing, content, events and sponsorships.
“There are thousands of utility companies looking for innovative energy reduction solutions, and we’re looking to double down on our efforts to reach them. The key is to get our message in front of the right people, faster, to capitalize on multi-year contracts as they come up,” says Popatia. “The magic really happens when we’re able to demonstrate our capabilities face-to-face with our audience, and that requires significant investment to achieve.”
In addition to a robust marketing strategy, the Ecotagious team will also be using the funds to hire developers, production, program managers and marketing positions – although not at the expense of its culture and vision.
“Cultural fit is really important to us. Our shared commitment to reducing greenhouse gases is at the core of our business,” says Popatia. “We’re committed to finding a good mix of talent and alignment of values. We’re selectively growing the team, even if that means it takes a little longer.”
When it comes to financing growth, Popatia says it all about timing and finding the right financial partner, “There is a fine balance between the right time and the right amount to avoid missing opportunities for your business. A good partner will be responsive to your needs, offer an effective solution and guide you through the processes. That’s why we like working with First West Capital.”
How we help mid-market businesses
Ready, set, grow. Let us fuel your potential.
Scaling your business requires smart financing.
We help you control your own destiny.
Related Client Stories
$10M in junior capital fuels expansion and helps manage growth
Grow | California Innovations
For 35 years, Toronto, Ontario-based California Innovations has been passionately designing and manufacturing high-quality, soft-sided insulated products for consumers in Canada, US, Australia, Europe and the UK.
Financing drives expansion for Anti-Gravity Treadmill innovator
Grow | AlterG
California-based AlterG has been defying gravity since 2005, and it’s poised to bring its Anti-Gravity Treadmill to the masses.
Growth financing allows airport restaurant business to pursue expansion
Grow | Firkin Group of Pubs
Toronto-based Firkin is reinventing the airport dining experience, with a little financing help from First West Capital.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2452
|
__label__cc
| 0.612783
| 0.387217
|
Giving to Fisher
Who’s counting? We are! Fisher College depends on philanthropic gifts. Annual giving supports the values and experiences that are the hallmark of a Fisher education. These assurances are a small class size, the ability to attract and retain stellar faculty, to maintain our historic and beautiful facilities, to support students through scholarship and academic services.
118 Beacon Society
Did you know that you can double or even triple the impact of your annual contribution with a matching gift from your employer?
Many companies match employees' donations made to non-profit organizations. Fisher has received matching gifts from Verizon, Ernst & Young, and Bank of America, but your small- or mid-sized company may also participate. Ask your company's Human Resource department to find out if your company has a matching gift policy.
Please ask your employer for eligibility requirements, guidelines, and the appropriate matching gift forms (and if your employer doesn't currently sponsor a matching gift program, then ask how such a program could be started).
Once you have received the matching gift form from your employer, complete the employee portion of the form and mail it, along with your gift, to:
Fisher College
Established in 2006, The E.H. & M.C. Fisher Legacy Society was founded to honor those who have taken the special step of including Fisher College in their long-term plans through a bequest provision in their will or trust, a life-income gift or other estate-related giving arrangement. The members have helped create awareness for supporting Fisher College through thoughtful gift planning.
Solidifying the future of Fisher can be simple and satisfying - and make a difference in the lives of many students.
A gift made through a will is a simple and high-impact way to support Fisher College, and can be for a specific amount, a percentage, or a residual portion.
Example: In her will, Lea C. Pearson '42 requested that two shares of her estate - which amounted to a $30,000 gift - be given to Fisher College.
Bequest Sample Language
Insurance policies and retirement benefits such as pensions and IRA accounts can be assigned by naming Fisher College as the beneficiary.
Example: Joan Rubin Fixler ‘76 named Fisher as the beneficiary of a portion of her IRA, noting, "There are things that stand out when you review your life and my experience at Fisher was defining. I am proud to include Fisher in my long-term plans."
A trust allows a donor to use stocks and other assets - and receive current tax benefits - while declaring their commitment to Fisher.
Example: A charitable lead trust valued at $322,000 - the largest gift in Fisher history now administered by the Cape Cod Foundation - was made by Charles A. Wintermeyer, Sr., a former administrator of Fisher College, who served as the director of several Accelerated and Professional Studies sites.
A donor may earn income throughout their life (payable quarterly) based on their age and the amount of the contribution. A minimum contribution of $10,000 is required. Tax advantages include a partial tax exemption on the annuity income and a charitable income tax deduction for a portion of the contribution. Fisher College is proudly partnered with The Cape Cod Foundation to help facilitate with this type of gift.
Restricted Endowment
A durable gift made with a specific purpose.
If you have already named Fisher in any of these instruments, please let us know and you will be added to the E.H. and M.C. Fisher Legacy Society. Your gift could inspire others to do the same. Anonymity is assured upon request.
This information is intended to be illustrative only. Please consult your attorney or tax advisor.
For more than 75 years, 118 Beacon Street has served as home to Fisher College and as a haven to its students. Thousands of students have ascended the marble staircase in the grand lobby in their quest for knowledge. In many ways, that iconic staircase symbolizes the transformative power of a Fisher College education.
Unfortunately, many would-be Fisher students cannot obtain a college degree because they do not have the financial resources to pay for higher education. They recognize the value of the opportunities offered by Fisher College, but without help the doors to 118 Beacon remain closed. Opening these doors requires not only the courage to dream of a brighter future but also the financial assistance to make that dream a reality.
Now more than ever, Fisher College students need our support. Therefore, for the first time in its history, the College is launching a scholarship fund — the Fisher Faithful Fund. By donating $1,000, you will become a member of the 118 Beacon Society and forever be identified as a founder of the Fisher Faithful Fund. Your tax-deductible gift will ensure students are able to claim their rightful place within the walls of 118 Beacon Street, fulfilling their dreams of obtaining a college education.
For more information about becoming part of the 118 Beacon Society please contact 617-236-8822 or alumni@fisher.edu.
Make payable to Fisher College and mail to:
We accept Mastercard, Visa, Discover and American Express. For additional information contact the alumni@fisher.edu or call 617-670-4419.
Wire Transfers, Gifts of Stocks and Securities
Specific information on how to initiate a wire transfer must be initiated at your bank, as well as how to give a gift of stock or securities.
“I am an active member of the Fisher College community and love my position as a Resident Assistant on campus. Being involved has brought me so much joy and lifelong friends, all while making my college experience special so far. If it were not for the generous scholarships Fisher offered to me, I know I would not be where I am today.”
Abby Azzarito ’17
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2454
|
__label__wiki
| 0.632221
| 0.632221
|
Source: Dallas murder suspect linked to other home health care deaths
Police say the man who murdered an elderly Dallas woman may be responsible for many more elderly victims. The evidence suggests he could possibly be a serial killer.
Currently, 45-year-old Billy Chemirmir is charged with capital murder in one death, but sources tell FOX 4 he may be linked to multiple home health care-related deaths in Collin and Dallas counties.
Chemirmir was being trailed by Plano police in Dallas with an arrest warrant. It was during that arrest that investigators found a jewelry box thrown in a dumpster. The box had the name of the 81-year-old victim who was later found dead in her Dallas home.
Chemirmir was a home health care worker and is being investigated for several home health care-related deaths in Dallas, Plano and Richardson, according to a police source. They say Chemirmir was on the scene of several deaths of people who had home health care and were thought to have died of natural causes.
Plano police were investigating the home health care worker after a family became suspicious he was stealing from their relative and began following him. While conducting surveillance on the 4500 block of Pear Ridge in Dallas, Plano police saw Chemirmir dump a jewelry box and found him with jewelry, cash, and a set of keys.
Police were able to trace the keys and jewelry box back to a home on the 6600 block of Warm Breeze Lane where they found 81-year-old Lu Thi Harris dead from homicidal violence. A source says she was found with a pillow nearby and her makeup smeared.
Two other possible victims have come forward and told police that Chemirmir tried to sit on their chest and smother them with a pillow. Police have connected him to at least one murder and are investigating him for possibly two others.
Chemirir is being held on a $1 million bond. Records show he is in the U.S. illegally and has an immigration hold.
15-year-old arrested for shooting at Dallas ISD high school basketball game
New Jersey's first pit bull arson detection K9 graduates from training
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2458
|
__label__wiki
| 0.991385
| 0.991385
|
Davis homers, drives in 5 and A's roll over Rangers 14-5
OAKLAND, Calif. (AP) — A breakout night for the Oakland Athletics' offense was tempered by concerns about an injury to pitching prospect Sean Manaea.
Khris Davis homered and drove in five runs, Marcus Semien and Jake Smolinski each had three hits and the Athletics pounded first-place Texas 14-5 on Monday night, hours after the Rangers put Yu Darvish on the disabled list.
The A's snapped a seven-game losing streak on Sunday, then beat a Texas team that had won eight of its previous 10 games.
But Manaea, a left-hander acquired last year from Kansas City in a trade for Ben Zobrist, exited after 4 1/3 innings with a strained left forearm. He will have an MRI on Tuesday.
"My first thought was, it's pretty scary because I hear forearm stuff all the time and the 'TJ' (Tommy John), that word, I don't like to think about it," Manaea said. "But (A's trainer Nick Paparesta) told me it's nothing too serious. Hopefully it's nothing bad. (A team doctor) took a look at my ligament and said it was good as far as he could tell. I'm just hoping the MRI says the same."
Manaea said he felt similar discomfort earlier this season, including as recently as during a bullpen session over the weekend in Cincinnati, but not as severe as it was Monday.
A's manager Bob Melvin said he was concerned when he noticed Manaea's velocity dropped starting off the fifth.
"At some point, you're trying to distinguish changeup speeds and his fastball and it's time to go out there and check," Melvin said. "I could see during the inning the velocity wasn't quite there."
Manaea struck out four batters and allowed two runs on four hits.
"He seems like he's more comfortable each and every time out," Melvin said. "He's pitching a little better, he's mixing up his pitches."
Rangers outfielder Shin-Soo Choo homered off Manaea in his first game back from the disabled list following a hamstring injury.
Davis drilled his 15th homer off Cesar Ramos (1-3) in the bottom of the fifth.
Ramos allowed eight runs in 3 2/3 innings. He started in place of Darvish, who had been scheduled to start this game before experiencing shoulder discomfort. Darvish has made three starts since returning from Tommy John surgery.
"(Ramos) was pressed into duty, got ground balls but they went for hits," Rangers manager Jeff Banister said. "He kept falling behind and it's a challenge to pitch when you fall behind like that. We wanted to get some innings out of him but it didn't work out the way he wanted."
Daniel Coulombe (1-0) allowed two runs in 1 2/3 innings.
The Rangers had three homers Monday and have hit 10 in their last four games.
Josh Phegley added a three-run homer for the A's — his first.
Zach Neal allowed one run on two hits over three innings for his first save.
BEER SHOWER:
Per baseball tradition, Melvin said Coulombe got a beer shower after collecting his first career victory. "I'm sure he's enjoying that, but he's probably a little bit cold," Melvin said.
TRAINER'S ROOM
Rangers: Darvish on Monday had MRIs on his neck and shoulder that revealed no structural damage. He is expected to join the team in St. Louis this weekend. ... 3B Adrian Beltre, out since June 8 with a left hamstring injury, was available for pinch-hitting duties on Monday, manager Jeff Banister said. The Rangers have set Thursday as the target date for his return to the lineup. ... The Rangers activated LHP Alex Claudio from Triple-A Round Rock and optioned OF Jared Hoying to Triple-A.
A's: RHP Henderson Alvarez, who's recovering from shoulder surgery, pitched 3 1/3 innings in a rehab assignment for Class A Stockton.
Rangers: LHP Martin Perez (5-4, 3.22 ERA) will pitch for the Rangers in the second of a four-game series against the A's. Perez has thrown seven straight quality starts and is 5-2 with a 2.65 ERA over his last nine starts.
A's: The A's will tap their minor league system yet again for starting rotation help, recalling LHP Eric Surkamp for the fourth time this year to face the Rangers. Surkamp is 0-3 with a 6.41 ERA in seven starts.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2459
|
__label__wiki
| 0.746464
| 0.746464
|
Msholo the African elephant leaves San Diego for Atlanta
(Courtesy: Zoo Atlanta / Facebook)
SAN DIEGO (AP) - An African elephant that spent a decade at San Diego Zoo Safari Park has moved across the country to a new home at Zoo Atlanta.
The Union-Tribune reported Saturday that 30-year-old Msholo (mi-SHOW-low) arrived last week at the Zambezi Elephant Center.
Msholo and two female African elephants, Kelly and Tara, will be the main attractions at Zoo Atlanta's new African Savanna habitat, which opens Aug. 8.
Msholo was brought to the U.S. from Swaziland in 2003. He arrived in San Diego in 2009 with the hope that he would breed with female elephants there. But he never fathered any offspring in California.
Zookeepers say they're hopeful that new terrain and new companions in Georgia will increase Msholo's chances of breeding and contributing to the survival of the species.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2460
|
__label__wiki
| 0.758103
| 0.758103
|
Snapchat video showing gun on CSUN campus deemed a 'hoax'
NORTHRIDGE (FOX 11 / CNS) - A social media post that appeared to show a handgun on the dashboard of a vehicle at Cal State Northridge prompted a police investigation Friday, but authorities later determined the video was a hoax.
Officers went to the school about 12:25 p.m., said Los Angeles police Officer Tony Im, but found no sign of a person with a weapon.
CSUN officials said the campus was open and operating normally in spite of the investigation. By early afternoon, campus police had determined the video was a hoax and there was no threat to the campus.
The Daily Sundial, the CSUN campus newspaper, reported that the short video showing the weapon had been posted on Snapchat. The video showed what appeared to be a handgun on a vehicle dashboard. The camera then pans around to show part of the CSUN campus.
Copyright 2018 FOX 11 Los Angeles : Download our mobile app for breaking news alerts or to watch FOX 11 News | Follow us on Facebook , Twitter , Instagram and YouTube .
Balch Springs woman gets 30 years for forcing child to perform sex acts on her husband
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2463
|
__label__cc
| 0.579786
| 0.420214
|
[A1-C]
Title 38 → Chapter I → Part 4
Title 38: Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief
PART 4—SCHEDULE FOR RATING DISABILITIES
Subpart A—General Policy in Rating
§4.1 Essentials of evaluative rating.
§4.2 Interpretation of examination reports.
§4.3 Resolution of reasonable doubt.
§4.6 Evaluation of evidence.
§4.7 Higher of two evaluations.
§4.9 Congenital or developmental defects.
§4.10 Functional impairment.
§4.13 Effect of change of diagnosis.
§4.14 Avoidance of pyramiding.
§4.15 Total disability ratings.
§4.16 Total disability ratings for compensation based on unemployability of the individual.
§4.17 Total disability ratings for pension based on unemployability and age of the individual.
§4.17a Misconduct etiology.
§4.18 Unemployability.
§4.19 Age in service-connected claims.
§4.20 Analogous ratings.
§4.21 Application of rating schedule.
§4.22 Rating of disabilities aggravated by active service.
§4.23 Attitude of rating officers.
§4.24 Correspondence.
§4.25 Combined ratings table.
§4.26 Bilateral factor.
§4.27 Use of diagnostic code numbers.
§4.28 Prestabilization rating from date of discharge from service.
§4.29 Ratings for service-connected disabilities requiring hospital treatment or observation.
§4.30 Convalescent ratings.
§4.31 Zero percent evaluations.
Subpart B—Disability Ratings
The Musculoskeletal System
§4.40 Functional loss.
§4.41 History of injury.
§4.42 Complete medical examination of injury cases.
§4.43 Osteomyelitis.
§4.44 The bones.
§4.45 The joints.
§4.46 Accurate measurement.
§§4.47-4.54 [Reserved]
§4.55 Principles of combined ratings for muscle injuries.
§4.56 Evaluation of muscle disabilities.
§4.57 Static foot deformities.
§4.58 Arthritis due to strain.
§4.59 Painful motion.
§4.60 [Reserved]
§4.61 Examination.
§4.62 Circulatory disturbances.
§4.63 Loss of use of hand or foot.
§4.64 Loss of use of both buttocks.
§4.66 Sacroiliac joint.
§4.67 Pelvic bones.
§4.68 Amputation rule.
§4.69 Dominant hand.
§4.70 Inadequate examinations.
§4.71 Measurement of ankylosis and joint motion.
§4.71a Schedule of ratings—musculoskeletal system.
§4.73 Schedule of ratings—muscle injuries.
The Organs of Special Sense
§4.75 General considerations for evaluating visual impairment.
§4.76 Visual acuity.
§4.76a Computation of average concentric contraction of visual fields.
§4.77 Visual fields.
§4.78 Muscle function.
§4.79 Schedule of ratings—eye.
Impairment of Auditory Acuity
§4.85 Evaluation of hearing impairment.
§4.86 Exceptional patterns of hearing impairment.
§4.87 Schedule of ratings—ear.
§4.87a Schedule of ratings—other sense organs.
Infectious Diseases, Immune Disorders and Nutritional Deficiencies
§4.88a Chronic fatigue syndrome.
§4.88b Schedule of ratings—infectious diseases, immune disorders and nutritional deficiencies.
§4.88c Ratings for inactive nonpulmonary tuberculosis initially entitled after August 19, 1968.
§4.89 Ratings for inactive nonpulmonary tuberculosis in effect on August 19, 1968.
The Respiratory System
§4.96 Special provisions regarding evaluation of respiratory conditions.
§4.97 Schedule of ratings—respiratory system.
The Cardiovascular System
§4.100 Application of the evaluation criteria for diagnostic codes 7000-7007, 7011, and 7015-7020.
§§4.101-4.103 [Reserved]
§4.104 Schedule of ratings—cardiovascular system.
§4.110 Ulcers.
§4.111 Postgastrectomy syndromes.
§4.112 Weight loss.
§4.113 Coexisting abdominal conditions.
§4.114 Schedule of ratings—digestive system.
The Genitourinary System
§4.115 Nephritis.
§4.115a Ratings of the genitourinary system—dysfunctions.
§4.115b Ratings of the genitourinary system—diagnoses.
Gynecological Conditions and Disorders of the Breast
§4.116 Schedule of ratings—gynecological conditions and disorders of the breast.
The Hematologic and Lymphatic Systems
§4.117 Schedule of ratings—hemic and lymphatic systems.
§4.118 Schedule of ratings—skin.
§4.119 Schedule of ratings—endocrine system.
Neurological Conditions and Convulsive Disorders
§4.120 Evaluations by comparison.
§4.121 Identification of epilepsy.
§4.122 Psychomotor epilepsy.
§4.123 Neuritis, cranial or peripheral.
§4.124 Neuralgia, cranial or peripheral.
§4.124a Schedule of ratings—neurological conditions and convulsive disorders.
§4.125 Diagnosis of mental disorders.
§4.126 Evaluation of disability from mental disorders.
§4.127 Intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder) and personality disorders.
§4.128 Convalescence ratings following extended hospitalization.
§4.129 Mental disorders due to traumatic stress.
§4.130 Schedule of ratings—Mental disorders.
Dental and Oral Conditions
§4.149 [Reserved]
§4.150 Schedule of ratings—dental and oral conditions.
Appendix A to Part 4—Table of Amendments and Effective Dates Since 1946
Appendix B to Part 4—Numerical Index of Disabilities
Appendix C to Part 4—Alphabetical Index of Disabilities
Authority: 38 U.S.C. 1155, unless otherwise noted.
Source: 29 FR 6718, May 22, 1964, unless otherwise noted.
This rating schedule is primarily a guide in the evaluation of disability resulting from all types of diseases and injuries encountered as a result of or incident to military service. The percentage ratings represent as far as can practicably be determined the average impairment in earning capacity resulting from such diseases and injuries and their residual conditions in civil occupations. Generally, the degrees of disability specified are considered adequate to compensate for considerable loss of working time from exacerbations or illnesses proportionate to the severity of the several grades of disability. For the application of this schedule, accurate and fully descriptive medical examinations are required, with emphasis upon the limitation of activity imposed by the disabling condition. Over a period of many years, a veteran's disability claim may require reratings in accordance with changes in laws, medical knowledge and his or her physical or mental condition. It is thus essential, both in the examination and in the evaluation of disability, that each disability be viewed in relation to its history.
[41 FR 11292, Mar. 18, 1976]
Different examiners, at different times, will not describe the same disability in the same language. Features of the disability which must have persisted unchanged may be overlooked or a change for the better or worse may not be accurately appreciated or described. It is the responsibility of the rating specialist to interpret reports of examination in the light of the whole recorded history, reconciling the various reports into a consistent picture so that the current rating may accurately reflect the elements of disability present. Each disability must be considered from the point of view of the veteran working or seeking work. If a diagnosis is not supported by the findings on the examination report or if the report does not contain sufficient detail, it is incumbent upon the rating board to return the report as inadequate for evaluation purposes.
It is the defined and consistently applied policy of the Department of Veterans Affairs to administer the law under a broad interpretation, consistent, however, with the facts shown in every case. When after careful consideration of all procurable and assembled data, a reasonable doubt arises regarding the degree of disability such doubt will be resolved in favor of the claimant. See §3.102 of this chapter.
[40 FR 42535, Sept. 15, 1975]
The element of the weight to be accorded the character of the veteran's service is but one factor entering into the considerations of the rating boards in arriving at determinations of the evaluation of disability. Every element in any way affecting the probative value to be assigned to the evidence in each individual claim must be thoroughly and conscientiously studied by each member of the rating board in the light of the established policies of the Department of Veterans Affairs to the end that decisions will be equitable and just as contemplated by the requirements of the law.
Where there is a question as to which of two evaluations shall be applied, the higher evaluation will be assigned if the disability picture more nearly approximates the criteria required for that rating. Otherwise, the lower rating will be assigned.
Mere congenital or developmental defects, absent, displaced or supernumerary parts, refractive error of the eye, personality disorder and mental deficiency are not diseases or injuries in the meaning of applicable legislation for disability compensation purposes.
The basis of disability evaluations is the ability of the body as a whole, or of the psyche, or of a system or organ of the body to function under the ordinary conditions of daily life including employment. Whether the upper or lower extremities, the back or abdominal wall, the eyes or ears, or the cardiovascular, digestive, or other system, or psyche are affected, evaluations are based upon lack of usefulness, of these parts or systems, especially in self-support. This imposes upon the medical examiner the responsibility of furnishing, in addition to the etiological, anatomical, pathological, laboratory and prognostic data required for ordinary medical classification, full description of the effects of disability upon the person's ordinary activity. In this connection, it will be remembered that a person may be too disabled to engage in employment although he or she is up and about and fairly comfortable at home or upon limited activity.
The repercussion upon a current rating of service connection when change is made of a previously assigned diagnosis or etiology must be kept in mind. The aim should be the reconciliation and continuance of the diagnosis or etiology upon which service connection for the disability had been granted. The relevant principle enunciated in §4.125, entitled “Diagnosis of mental disorders,” should have careful attention in this connection. When any change in evaluation is to be made, the rating agency should assure itself that there has been an actual change in the conditions, for better or worse, and not merely a difference in thoroughness of the examination or in use of descriptive terms. This will not, of course, preclude the correction of erroneous ratings, nor will it preclude assignment of a rating in conformity with §4.7.
[29 FR 6718, May 22, 1964, as amended at 61 FR 52700, Oct. 8, 1996]
The evaluation of the same disability under various diagnoses is to be avoided. Disability from injuries to the muscles, nerves, and joints of an extremity may overlap to a great extent, so that special rules are included in the appropriate bodily system for their evaluation. Dyspnea, tachycardia, nervousness, fatigability, etc., may result from many causes; some may be service connected, others, not. Both the use of manifestations not resulting from service-connected disease or injury in establishing the service-connected evaluation, and the evaluation of the same manifestation under different diagnoses are to be avoided.
The ability to overcome the handicap of disability varies widely among individuals. The rating, however, is based primarily upon the average impairment in earning capacity, that is, upon the economic or industrial handicap which must be overcome and not from individual success in overcoming it. However, full consideration must be given to unusual physical or mental effects in individual cases, to peculiar effects of occupational activities, to defects in physical or mental endowment preventing the usual amount of success in overcoming the handicap of disability and to the effect of combinations of disability. Total disability will be considered to exist when there is present any impairment of mind or body which is sufficient to render it impossible for the average person to follow a substantially gainful occupation; Provided, That permanent total disability shall be taken to exist when the impairment is reasonably certain to continue throughout the life of the disabled person. The following will be considered to be permanent total disability: the permanent loss of the use of both hands, or of both feet, or of one hand and one foot, or of the sight of both eyes, or becoming permanently helpless or permanently bedridden. Other total disability ratings are scheduled in the various bodily systems of this schedule.
(a) Total disability ratings for compensation may be assigned, where the schedular rating is less than total, when the disabled person is, in the judgment of the rating agency, unable to secure or follow a substantially gainful occupation as a result of service-connected disabilities: Provided That, if there is only one such disability, this disability shall be ratable at 60 percent or more, and that, if there are two or more disabilities, there shall be at least one disability ratable at 40 percent or more, and sufficient additional disability to bring the combined rating to 70 percent or more. For the above purpose of one 60 percent disability, or one 40 percent disability in combination, the following will be considered as one disability: (1) Disabilities of one or both upper extremities, or of one or both lower extremities, including the bilateral factor, if applicable, (2) disabilities resulting from common etiology or a single accident, (3) disabilities affecting a single body system, e.g. orthopedic, digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular-renal, neuropsychiatric, (4) multiple injuries incurred in action, or (5) multiple disabilities incurred as a prisoner of war. It is provided further that the existence or degree of nonservice-connected disabilities or previous unemployability status will be disregarded where the percentages referred to in this paragraph for the service-connected disability or disabilities are met and in the judgment of the rating agency such service-connected disabilities render the veteran unemployable. Marginal employment shall not be considered substantially gainful employment. For purposes of this section, marginal employment generally shall be deemed to exist when a veteran's earned annual income does not exceed the amount established by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, as the poverty threshold for one person. Marginal employment may also be held to exist, on a facts found basis (includes but is not limited to employment in a protected environment such as a family business or sheltered workshop), when earned annual income exceeds the poverty threshold. Consideration shall be given in all claims to the nature of the employment and the reason for termination.
(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501)
(b) It is the established policy of the Department of Veterans Affairs that all veterans who are unable to secure and follow a substantially gainful occupation by reason of service-connected disabilities shall be rated totally disabled. Therefore, rating boards should submit to the Director, Compensation Service, for extra-schedular consideration all cases of veterans who are unemployable by reason of service-connected disabilities, but who fail to meet the percentage standards set forth in paragraph (a) of this section. The rating board will include a full statement as to the veteran's service-connected disabilities, employment history, educational and vocational attainment and all other factors having a bearing on the issue.
[40 FR 42535, Sept. 15, 1975, as amended at 54 FR 4281, Jan. 30, 1989; 55 FR 31580, Aug. 3, 1990; 58 FR 39664, July 26, 1993; 61 FR 52700, Oct. 8, 1996; 79 FR 2100, Jan. 13, 2014]
All veterans who are basically eligible and who are unable to secure and follow a substantially gainful occupation by reason of disabilities which are likely to be permanent shall be rated as permanently and totally disabled. For the purpose of pension, the permanence of the percentage requirements of §4.16 is a requisite. When the percentage requirements are met, and the disabilities involved are of a permanent nature, a rating of permanent and total disability will be assigned if the veteran is found to be unable to secure and follow substantially gainful employment by reason of such disability. Prior employment or unemployment status is immaterial if in the judgment of the rating board the veteran's disabilities render him or her unemployable. In making such determinations, the following guidelines will be used:
(a) Marginal employment, for example, as a self-employed farmer or other person, while employed in his or her own business, or at odd jobs or while employed at less than half the usual remuneration will not be considered incompatible with a determination of unemployability, if the restriction, as to securing or retaining better employment, is due to disability.
(b) Claims of all veterans who fail to meet the percentage standards but who meet the basic entitlement criteria and are unemployable, will be referred by the rating board to the Veterans Service Center Manager or the Pension Management Center Manager under §3.321(b)(2) of this chapter.
(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 1155; 38 U.S.C. 3102)
[43 FR 45348, Oct. 2, 1978, as amended at 56 FR 57985, Nov. 15, 1991; 71 FR 28586, May 17, 2006; 74 FR 26959, June 5, 2009]
A permanent and total disability rating under the provisions of §§4.15, 4.16 and 4.17 will not be precluded by reason of the coexistence of misconduct disability when:
(a) A veteran, regardless of employment status, also has innocently acquired 100 percent disability, or
(b) Where unemployable, the veteran has other disabilities innocently acquired which meet the percentage requirements of §§4.16 and 4.17 and would render, in the judgment of the rating agency, the average person unable to secure or follow a substantially gainful occupation.
[40 FR 42536, Sept. 15, 1975, as amended at 43 FR 45349, Oct. 2, 1978]
A veteran may be considered as unemployable upon termination of employment which was provided on account of disability, or in which special consideration was given on account of the same, when it is satisfactorily shown that he or she is unable to secure further employment. With amputations, sequelae of fractures and other residuals of traumatism shown to be of static character, a showing of continuous unemployability from date of incurrence, or the date the condition reached the stabilized level, is a general requirement in order to establish the fact that present unemployability is the result of the disability. However, consideration is to be given to the circumstances of employment in individual claims, and, if the employment was only occasional, intermittent, tryout or unsuccessful, or eventually terminated on account of the disability, present unemployability may be attributed to the static disability. Where unemployability for pension previously has been established on the basis of combined service-connected and nonservice-connected disabilities and the service-connected disability or disabilities have increased in severity, §4.16 is for consideration.
Age may not be considered as a factor in evaluating service-connected disability; and unemployability, in service-connected claims, associated with advancing age or intercurrent disability, may not be used as a basis for a total disability rating. Age, as such, is a factor only in evaluations of disability not resulting from service, i.e., for the purposes of pension.
When an unlisted condition is encountered it will be permissible to rate under a closely related disease or injury in which not only the functions affected, but the anatomical localization and symptomatology are closely analogous. Conjectural analogies will be avoided, as will the use of analogous ratings for conditions of doubtful diagnosis, or for those not fully supported by clinical and laboratory findings. Nor will ratings assigned to organic diseases and injuries be assigned by analogy to conditions of functional origin.
In view of the number of atypical instances it is not expected, especially with the more fully described grades of disabilities, that all cases will show all the findings specified. Findings sufficiently characteristic to identify the disease and the disability therefrom, and above all, coordination of rating with impairment of function will, however, be expected in all instances.
In cases involving aggravation by active service, the rating will reflect only the degree of disability over and above the degree existing at the time of entrance into the active service, whether the particular condition was noted at the time of entrance into the active service, or it is determined upon the evidence of record to have existed at that time. It is necessary therefore, in all cases of this character to deduct from the present degree of disability the degree, if ascertainable, of the disability existing at the time of entrance into active service, in terms of the rating schedule, except that if the disability is total (100 percent) no deduction will be made. The resulting difference will be recorded on the rating sheet. If the degree of disability at the time of entrance into the service is not ascertainable in terms of the schedule, no deduction will be made.
It is to be remembered that the majority of applicants are disabled persons who are seeking benefits of law to which they believe themselves entitled. In the exercise of his or her functions, rating officers must not allow their personal feelings to intrude; an antagonistic, critical, or even abusive attitude on the part of a claimant should not in any instance influence the officers in the handling of the case. Fairness and courtesy must at all times be shown to applicants by all employees whose duties bring them in contact, directly or indirectly, with the Department's claimants.
All correspondence relative to the interpretation of the schedule for rating disabilities, requests for advisory opinions, questions regarding lack of clarity or application to individual cases involving unusual difficulties, will be addressed to the Director, Compensation Service. A clear statement will be made of the point or points upon which information is desired, and the complete case file will be simultaneously forwarded to Central Office. Rating agencies will assure themselves that the recent report of physical examination presents an adequate picture of the claimant's condition. Claims in regard to which the schedule evaluations are considered inadequate or excessive, and errors in the schedule will be similarly brought to attention.
[41 FR 11292, Mar. 18, 1976, as amended at 79 FR 2100, Jan. 13, 2014]
Table I, Combined Ratings Table, results from the consideration of the efficiency of the individual as affected first by the most disabling condition, then by the less disabling condition, then by other less disabling conditions, if any, in the order of severity. Thus, a person having a 60 percent disability is considered 40 percent efficient. Proceeding from this 40 percent efficiency, the effect of a further 30 percent disability is to leave only 70 percent of the efficiency remaining after consideration of the first disability, or 28 percent efficiency altogether. The individual is thus 72 percent disabled, as shown in table I opposite 60 percent and under 30 percent.
(a) To use table I, the disabilities will first be arranged in the exact order of their severity, beginning with the greatest disability and then combined with use of table I as hereinafter indicated. For example, if there are two disabilities, the degree of one disability will be read in the left column and the degree of the other in the top row, whichever is appropriate. The figures appearing in the space where the column and row intersect will represent the combined value of the two. This combined value will then be converted to the nearest number divisible by 10, and combined values ending in 5 will be adjusted upward. Thus, with a 50 percent disability and a 30 percent disability, the combined value will be found to be 65 percent, but the 65 percent must be converted to 70 percent to represent the final degree of disability. Similarly, with a disability of 40 percent, and another disability of 20 percent, the combined value is found to be 52 percent, but the 52 percent must be converted to the nearest degree divisible by 10, which is 50 percent. If there are more than two disabilities, the disabilities will also be arranged in the exact order of their severity and the combined value for the first two will be found as previously described for two disabilities. The combined value, exactly as found in table I, will be combined with the degree of the third disability (in order of severity). The combined value for the three disabilities will be found in the space where the column and row intersect, and if there are only three disabilities will be converted to the nearest degree divisible by 10, adjusting final 5's upward. Thus, if there are three disabilities ratable at 60 percent, 40 percent, and 20 percent, respectively, the combined value for the first two will be found opposite 60 and under 40 and is 76 percent. This 76 will be combined with 20 and the combined value for the three is 81 percent. This combined value will be converted to the nearest degree divisible by 10 which is 80 percent. The same procedure will be employed when there are four or more disabilities. (See table I).
(b) Except as otherwise provided in this schedule, the disabilities arising from a single disease entity, e.g., arthritis, multiple sclerosis, cerebrovascular accident, etc., are to be rated separately as are all other disabiling conditions, if any. All disabilities are then to be combined as described in paragraph (a) of this section. The conversion to the nearest degree divisible by 10 will be done only once per rating decision, will follow the combining of all disabilities, and will be the last procedure in determining the combined degree of disability.
Table I—Combined Ratings Table
[10 combined with 10 is 19]
(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 1155)
[41 FR 11293, Mar. 18, 1976, as amended at 54 FR 27161, June 28, 1989; 54 FR 36029, Aug. 31, 1989; 83 FR 17756, Apr. 24, 2018]
When a partial disability results from disease or injury of both arms, or of both legs, or of paired skeletal muscles, the ratings for the disabilities of the right and left sides will be combined as usual, and 10 percent of this value will be added (i.e., not combined) before proceeding with further combinations, or converting to degree of disability. The bilateral factor will be applied to such bilateral disabilities before other combinations are carried out and the rating for such disabilities including the bilateral factor in this section will be treated as 1 disability for the purpose of arranging in order of severity and for all further combinations. For example, with disabilities evaluated at 60 percent, 20 percent, 10 percent and 10 percent (the two 10's representing bilateral disabilities), the order of severity would be 60, 21 and 20. The 60 and 21 combine to 68 percent and the 68 and 20 to 74 percent, converted to 70 percent as the final degree of disability.
(a) The use of the terms “arms” and “legs” is not intended to distinguish between the arm, forearm and hand, or the thigh, leg, and foot, but relates to the upper extremities and lower extremities as a whole. Thus with a compensable disability of the right thigh, for example, amputation, and one of the left foot, for example, pes planus, the bilateral factor applies, and similarly whenever there are compensable disabilities affecting use of paired extremities regardless of location or specified type of impairment.
(b) The correct procedure when applying the bilateral factor to disabilities affecting both upper extremities and both lower extremities is to combine the ratings of the disabilities affecting the 4 extremities in the order of their individual severity and apply the bilateral factor by adding, not combining, 10 percent of the combined value thus attained.
(c) The bilateral factor is not applicable unless there is partial disability of compensable degree in each of 2 paired extremities, or paired skeletal muscles.
The diagnostic code numbers appearing opposite the listed ratable disabilities are arbitrary numbers for the purpose of showing the basis of the evaluation assigned and for statistical analysis in the Department of Veterans Affairs, and as will be observed, extend from 5000 to a possible 9999. Great care will be exercised in the selection of the applicable code number and in its citation on the rating sheet. No other numbers than these listed or hereafter furnished are to be employed for rating purposes, with an exception as described in this section, as to unlisted conditions. When an unlisted disease, injury, or residual condition is encountered, requiring rating by analogy, the diagnostic code number will be “built-up” as follows: The first 2 digits will be selected from that part of the schedule most closely identifying the part, or system, of the body involved; the last 2 digits will be “99” for all unlisted conditions. This procedure will facilitate a close check of new and unlisted conditions, rated by analogy. In the selection of code numbers, injuries will generally be represented by the number assigned to the residual condition on the basis of which the rating is determined. With diseases, preference is to be given to the number assigned to the disease itself; if the rating is determined on the basis of residual conditions, the number appropriate to the residual condition will be added, preceded by a hyphen. Thus, rheumatoid (atrophic) arthritis rated as ankylosis of the lumbar spine should be coded “5002-5240.” In this way, the exact source of each rating can be easily identified. In the citation of disabilities on rating sheets, the diagnostic terminology will be that of the medical examiner, with no attempt to translate the terms into schedule nomenclature. Residuals of diseases or therapeutic procedures will not be cited without reference to the basic disease.
[41 FR 11293, Mar. 18, 1976, as amended at 70 FR 75399, Dec. 20, 2005]
The following ratings may be assigned, in lieu of ratings prescribed elsewhere, under the conditions stated for disability from any disease or injury. The prestabilization rating is not to be assigned in any case in which a total rating is immediately assignable under the regular provisions of the schedule or on the basis of individual unemployability. The prestabilization 50-percent rating is not to be used in any case in which a rating of 50 percent or more is immediately assignable under the regular provisions.
Unstabilized condition with severe disability—
Substantially gainful employment is not feasible or advisable 100
Unhealed or incompletely healed wounds or injuries—
Material impairment of employability likely 50
Note (1): Department of Veterans Affairs examination is not required prior to assignment of prestabilization ratings; however, the fact that examination was accomplished will not preclude assignment of these benefits. Prestabilization ratings are for assignment in the immediate postdischarge period. They will continue for a 12-month period following discharge from service. However, prestabilization ratings may be changed to a regular schedular total rating or one authorizing a greater benefit at any time. In each prestabilization rating an examination will be requested to be accomplished not earlier than 6 months nor more than 12 months following discharge. In those prestabilization ratings in which following examination reduction in evaluation is found to be warranted, the higher evaluation will be continued to the end of the 12th month following discharge or to the end of the period provided under §3.105(e) of this chapter, whichever is later. Special monthly compensation should be assigned concurrently in these cases whenever records are adequate to establish entitlement.
Note (2): Diagnosis of disease, injury, or residuals will be cited, with diagnostic code number assigned from this rating schedule for conditions listed therein.
[35 FR 11906, July 24, 1970]
A total disability rating (100 percent) will be assigned without regard to other provisions of the rating schedule when it is established that a service-connected disability has required hospital treatment in a Department of Veterans Affairs or an approved hospital for a period in excess of 21 days or hospital observation at Department of Veterans Affairs expense for a service-connected disability for a period in excess of 21 days.
(a) Subject to the provisions of paragraphs (d), (e), and (f) of this section this increased rating will be effective the first day of continuous hospitalization and will be terminated effective the last day of the month of hospital discharge (regular discharge or release to non-bed care) or effective the last day of the month of termination of treatment or observation for the service-connected disability. A temporary release which is approved by an attending Department of Veterans Affairs physician as part of the treatment plan will not be considered an absence.
(1) An authorized absence in excess of 4 days which begins during the first 21 days of hospitalization will be regarded as the equivalent of hospital discharge effective the first day of such authorized absence. An authorized absence of 4 days or less which results in a total of more than 8 days of authorized absence during the first 21 days of hospitalization will be regarded as the equivalent of hospital discharge effective the ninth day of authorized absence.
(2) Following a period of hospitalization in excess of 21 days, an authorized absence in excess of 14 days or a third consecutive authorized absence of 14 days will be regarded as the equivalent of hospital discharge and will interrupt hospitalization effective on the last day of the month in which either the authorized absence in excess of 14 days or the third 14 day period begins, except where there is a finding that convalescence is required as provided by paragraph (e) or (f) of this section. The termination of these total ratings will not be subject to §3.105(e) of this chapter.
(b) Notwithstanding that hospital admission was for disability not connected with service, if during such hospitalization, hospital treatment for a service-connected disability is instituted and continued for a period in excess of 21 days, the increase to a total rating will be granted from the first day of such treatment. If service connection for the disability under treatment is granted after hospital admission, the rating will be from the first day of hospitalization if otherwise in order.
(c) The assignment of a total disability rating on the basis of hospital treatment or observation will not preclude the assignment of a total disability rating otherwise in order under other provisions of the rating schedule, and consideration will be given to the propriety of such a rating in all instances and to the propriety of its continuance after discharge. Particular attention, with a view to proper rating under the rating schedule, is to be given to the claims of veterans discharged from hospital, regardless of length of hospitalization, with indications on the final summary of expected confinement to bed or house, or to inability to work with requirement of frequent care of physician or nurse at home.
(d) On these total ratings Department of Veterans Affairs regulations governing effective dates for increased benefits will control.
(e) The total hospital rating if convalescence is required may be continued for periods of 1, 2, or 3 months in addition to the period provided in paragraph (a) of this section.
(f) Extension of periods of 1, 2 or 3 months beyond the initial 3 months may be made upon approval of the Veterans Service Center Manager.
(g) Meritorious claims of veterans who are discharged from the hospital with less than the required number of days but need post-hospital care and a prolonged period of convalescence will be referred to the Director, Compensation Service, under §3.321(b)(1) of this chapter.
[29 FR 6718, May 22, 1964, as amended at 41 FR 11294, Mar. 18, 1976; 41 FR 34256, Aug. 13, 1976; 54 FR 4281, Jan. 30, 1989; 54 FR 34981, Aug. 23, 1989; 71 FR 28586, May 17, 2006; 79 FR 2100, Jan. 13, 2014]
A total disability rating (100 percent) will be assigned without regard to other provisions of the rating schedule when it is established by report at hospital discharge (regular discharge or release to non-bed care) or outpatient release that entitlement is warranted under paragraph (a) (1), (2) or (3) of this section effective the date of hospital admission or outpatient treatment and continuing for a period of 1, 2, or 3 months from the first day of the month following such hospital discharge or outpatient release. The termination of these total ratings will not be subject to §3.105(e) of this chapter. Such total rating will be followed by appropriate schedular evaluations. When the evidence is inadequate to assign a schedular evaluation, a physical examination will be scheduled and considered prior to the termination of a total rating under this section.
(a) Total ratings will be assigned under this section if treatment of a service-connected disability resulted in:
(1) Surgery necessitating at least one month of convalescence (Effective as to outpatient surgery March 1, 1989.)
(2) Surgery with severe postoperative residuals such as incompletely healed surgical wounds, stumps of recent amputations, therapeutic immobilization of one major joint or more, application of a body cast, or the necessity for house confinement, or the necessity for continued use of a wheelchair or crutches (regular weight-bearing prohibited). (Effective as to outpatient surgery March 1, 1989.)
(3) Immobilization by cast, without surgery, of one major joint or more. (Effective as to outpatient treatment March 10, 1976.)
A reduction in the total rating will not be subject to §3.105(e) of this chapter. The total rating will be followed by an open rating reflecting the appropriate schedular evaluation; where the evidence is inadequate to assign the schedular evaluation, a physcial examination will be scheduled prior to the end of the total rating period.
(b) A total rating under this section will require full justification on the rating sheet and may be extended as follows:
(1) Extensions of 1, 2 or 3 months beyond the initial 3 months may be made under paragraph (a) (1), (2) or (3) of this section.
(2) Extensions of 1 or more months up to 6 months beyond the initial 6 months period may be made under paragraph (a) (2) or (3) of this section upon approval of the Veterans Service Center Manager.
[41 FR 34256, Aug. 13, 1976, as amended at 54 FR 4281, Jan. 30, 1989; 71 FR 28586, May 17, 2006]
In every instance where the schedule does not provide a zero percent evaluation for a diagnostic code, a zero percent evaluation shall be assigned when the requirements for a compensable evaluation are not met.
[58 FR 52018, Oct. 6, 1993]
Disability of the musculoskeletal system is primarily the inability, due to damage or infection in parts of the system, to perform the normal working movements of the body with normal excursion, strength, speed, coordination and endurance. It is essential that the examination on which ratings are based adequately portray the anatomical damage, and the functional loss, with respect to all these elements. The functional loss may be due to absence of part, or all, of the necessary bones, joints and muscles, or associated structures, or to deformity, adhesions, defective innervation, or other pathology, or it may be due to pain, supported by adequate pathology and evidenced by the visible behavior of the claimant undertaking the motion. Weakness is as important as limitation of motion, and a part which becomes painful on use must be regarded as seriously disabled. A little used part of the musculoskeletal system may be expected to show evidence of disuse, either through atrophy, the condition of the skin, absence of normal callosity or the like.
In considering the residuals of injury, it is essential to trace the medical-industrial history of the disabled person from the original injury, considering the nature of the injury and the attendant circumstances, and the requirements for, and the effect of, treatment over past periods, and the course of the recovery to date. The duration of the initial, and any subsequent, period of total incapacity, especially periods reflecting delayed union, inflammation, swelling, drainage, or operative intervention, should be given close attention. This consideration, or the absence of clear cut evidence of injury, may result in classifying the disability as not of traumatic origin, either reflecting congenital or developmental etiology, or the effects of healed disease.
The importance of complete medical examination of injury cases at the time of first medical examination by the Department of Veterans Affairs cannot be overemphasized. When possible, this should include complete neurological and psychiatric examination, and other special examinations indicated by the physical condition, in addition to the required general and orthopedic or surgical examinations. When complete examinations are not conducted covering all systems of the body affected by disease or injury, it is impossible to visualize the nature and extent of the service connected disability. Incomplete examination is a common cause of incorrect diagnosis, especially in the neurological and psychiatric fields, and frequently leaves the Department of Veterans Affairs in doubt as to the presence or absence of disabling conditions at the time of the examination.
Chronic, or recurring, suppurative osteomyelitis, once clinically identified, including chronic inflammation of bone marrow, cortex, or periosteum, should be considered as a continuously disabling process, whether or not an actively discharging sinus or other obvious evidence of infection is manifest from time to time, and unless the focus is entirely removed by amputation will entitle to a permanent rating to be combined with other ratings for residual conditions, however, not exceeding amputation ratings at the site of election.
The osseous abnormalities incident to trauma or disease, such as malunion with deformity throwing abnormal stress upon, and causing malalignment of joint surfaces, should be depicted from study and observation of all available data, beginning with inception of injury or disease, its nature, degree of prostration, treatment and duration of convalescence, and progress of recovery with development of permanent residuals. With shortening of a long bone, some degree of angulation is to be expected; the extent and direction should be brought out by X-ray and observation. The direction of angulation and extent of deformity should be carefully related to strain on the neighboring joints, especially those connected with weight-bearing.
As regards the joints the factors of disability reside in reductions of their normal excursion of movements in different planes. Inquiry will be directed to these considerations:
(a) Less movement than normal (due to ankylosis, limitation or blocking, adhesions, tendon-tie-up, contracted scars, etc.).
(b) More movement than normal (from flail joint, resections, nonunion of fracture, relaxation of ligaments, etc.).
(c) Weakened movement (due to muscle injury, disease or injury of peripheral nerves, divided or lengthened tendons, etc.).
(d) Excess fatigability.
(e) Incoordination, impaired ability to execute skilled movements smoothly.
(f) Pain on movement, swelling, deformity or atrophy of disuse. Instability of station, disturbance of locomotion, interference with sitting, standing and weight-bearing are related considerations. For the purpose of rating disability from arthritis, the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, and ankle are considered major joints; multiple involvements of the interphalangeal, metacarpal and carpal joints of the upper extremities, the interphalangeal, metatarsal and tarsal joints of the lower extremities, the cervical vertebrae, the dorsal vertebrae, and the lumbar vertebrae, are considered groups of minor joints, ratable on a parity with major joints. The lumbosacral articulation and both sacroiliac joints are considered to be a group of minor joints, ratable on disturbance of lumbar spine functions.
Accurate measurement of the length of stumps, excursion of joints, dimensions and location of scars with respect to landmarks, should be insisted on. The use of a goniometer in the measurement of limitation of motion is indispensable in examinations conducted within the Department of Veterans Affairs. Muscle atrophy must also be accurately measured and reported.
(a) A muscle injury rating will not be combined with a peripheral nerve paralysis rating of the same body part, unless the injuries affect entirely different functions.
(b) For rating purposes, the skeletal muscles of the body are divided into 23 muscle groups in 5 anatomical regions: 6 muscle groups for the shoulder girdle and arm (diagnostic codes 5301 through 5306); 3 muscle groups for the forearm and hand (diagnostic codes 5307 through 5309); 3 muscle groups for the foot and leg (diagnostic codes 5310 through 5312); 6 muscle groups for the pelvic girdle and thigh (diagnostic codes 5313 through 5318); and 5 muscle groups for the torso and neck (diagnostic codes 5319 through 5323).
(c) There will be no rating assigned for muscle groups which act upon an ankylosed joint, with the following exceptions:
(1) In the case of an ankylosed knee, if muscle group XIII is disabled, it will be rated, but at the next lower level than that which would otherwise be assigned.
(2) In the case of an ankylosed shoulder, if muscle groups I and II are severely disabled, the evaluation of the shoulder joint under diagnostic code 5200 will be elevated to the level for unfavorable ankylosis, if not already assigned, but the muscle groups themselves will not be rated.
(d) The combined evaluation of muscle groups acting upon a single unankylosed joint must be lower than the evaluation for unfavorable ankylosis of that joint, except in the case of muscle groups I and II acting upon the shoulder.
(e) For compensable muscle group injuries which are in the same anatomical region but do not act on the same joint, the evaluation for the most severely injured muscle group will be increased by one level and used as the combined evaluation for the affected muscle groups.
(f) For muscle group injuries in different anatomical regions which do not act upon ankylosed joints, each muscle group injury shall be separately rated and the ratings combined under the provisions of §4.25.
[62 FR 30237, June 3, 1997]
(a) An open comminuted fracture with muscle or tendon damage will be rated as a severe injury of the muscle group involved unless, for locations such as in the wrist or over the tibia, evidence establishes that the muscle damage is minimal.
(b) A through-and-through injury with muscle damage shall be evaluated as no less than a moderate injury for each group of muscles damaged.
(c) For VA rating purposes, the cardinal signs and symptoms of muscle disability are loss of power, weakness, lowered threshold of fatigue, fatigue-pain, impairment of coordination and uncertainty of movement.
(d) Under diagnostic codes 5301 through 5323, disabilities resulting from muscle injuries shall be classified as slight, moderate, moderately severe or severe as follows:
(1) Slight disability of muscles—(i) Type of injury. Simple wound of muscle without debridement or infection.
(ii) History and complaint. Service department record of superficial wound with brief treatment and return to duty. Healing with good functional results. No cardinal signs or symptoms of muscle disability as defined in paragraph (c) of this section.
(iii) Objective findings. Minimal scar. No evidence of fascial defect, atrophy, or impaired tonus. No impairment of function or metallic fragments retained in muscle tissue.
(2) Moderate disability of muscles—(i) Type of injury. Through and through or deep penetrating wound of short track from a single bullet, small shell or shrapnel fragment, without explosive effect of high velocity missile, residuals of debridement, or prolonged infection.
(ii) History and complaint. Service department record or other evidence of in-service treatment for the wound. Record of consistent complaint of one or more of the cardinal signs and symptoms of muscle disability as defined in paragraph (c) of this section, particularly lowered threshold of fatigue after average use, affecting the particular functions controlled by the injured muscles.
(iii) Objective findings. Entrance and (if present) exit scars, small or linear, indicating short track of missile through muscle tissue. Some loss of deep fascia or muscle substance or impairment of muscle tonus and loss of power or lowered threshold of fatigue when compared to the sound side.
(3) Moderately severe disability of muscles—(i) Type of injury. Through and through or deep penetrating wound by small high velocity missile or large low-velocity missile, with debridement, prolonged infection, or sloughing of soft parts, and intermuscular scarring.
(ii) History and complaint. Service department record or other evidence showing hospitalization for a prolonged period for treatment of wound. Record of consistent complaint of cardinal signs and symptoms of muscle disability as defined in paragraph (c) of this section and, if present, evidence of inability to keep up with work requirements.
(iii) Objective findings. Entrance and (if present) exit scars indicating track of missile through one or more muscle groups. Indications on palpation of loss of deep fascia, muscle substance, or normal firm resistance of muscles compared with sound side. Tests of strength and endurance compared with sound side demonstrate positive evidence of impairment.
(4) Severe disability of muscles—(i) Type of injury. Through and through or deep penetrating wound due to high-velocity missile, or large or multiple low velocity missiles, or with shattering bone fracture or open comminuted fracture with extensive debridement, prolonged infection, or sloughing of soft parts, intermuscular binding and scarring.
(ii) History and complaint. Service department record or other evidence showing hospitalization for a prolonged period for treatment of wound. Record of consistent complaint of cardinal signs and symptoms of muscle disability as defined in paragraph (c) of this section, worse than those shown for moderately severe muscle injuries, and, if present, evidence of inability to keep up with work requirements.
(iii) Objective findings. Ragged, depressed and adherent scars indicating wide damage to muscle groups in missile track. Palpation shows loss of deep fascia or muscle substance, or soft flabby muscles in wound area. Muscles swell and harden abnormally in contraction. Tests of strength, endurance, or coordinated movements compared with the corresponding muscles of the uninjured side indicate severe impairment of function. If present, the following are also signs of severe muscle disability:
(A) X-ray evidence of minute multiple scattered foreign bodies indicating intermuscular trauma and explosive effect of the missile.
(B) Adhesion of scar to one of the long bones, scapula, pelvic bones, sacrum or vertebrae, with epithelial sealing over the bone rather than true skin covering in an area where bone is normally protected by muscle.
(C) Diminished muscle excitability to pulsed electrical current in electrodiagnostic tests.
(D) Visible or measurable atrophy.
(E) Adaptive contraction of an opposing group of muscles.
(F) Atrophy of muscle groups not in the track of the missile, particularly of the trapezius and serratus in wounds of the shoulder girdle.
(G) Induration or atrophy of an entire muscle following simple piercing by a projectile.
(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 1155
It is essential to make an initial distinction between bilateral flatfoot as a congenital or as an acquired condition. The congenital condition, with depression of the arch, but no evidence of abnormal callosities, areas of pressure, strain or demonstrable tenderness, is a congenital abnormality which is not compensable or pensionable. In the acquired condition, it is to be remembered that depression of the longitudinal arch, or the degree of depression, is not the essential feature. The attention should be given to anatomical changes, as compared to normal, in the relationship of the foot and leg, particularly to the inward rotation of the superior portion of the os calcis, medial deviation of the insertion of the Achilles tendon, the medial tilting of the upper border of the astragalus. This is an unfavorable mechanical relationship of the parts. A plumb line dropped from the middle of the patella falls inside of the normal point. The forepart of the foot is abducted, and the foot everted. The plantar surface of the foot is painful and shows demonstrable tenderness, and manipulation of the foot produces spasm of the Achilles tendon, peroneal spasm due to adhesion about the peroneal sheaths, and other evidence of pain and limited motion. The symptoms should be apparent without regard to exercise. In severe cases there is gaping of bones on the inner border of the foot, and rigid valgus position with loss of the power of inversion and adduction. Exercise with undeveloped or unbalanced musculature, producing chronic irritation, can be an aggravating factor. In the absence of trauma or other definite evidence of aggravation, service connection is not in order for pes cavus which is a typically congenital or juvenile disease.
With service incurred lower extremity amputation or shortening, a disabling arthritis, developing in the same extremity, or in both lower extremities, with indications of earlier, or more severe, arthritis in the injured extremity, including also arthritis of the lumbosacral joints and lumbar spine, if associated with the leg amputation or shortening, will be considered as service incurred, provided, however, that arthritis affecting joints not directly subject to strain as a result of the service incurred amputation will not be granted service connection. This will generally require separate evaluation of the arthritis in the joints directly subject to strain. Amputation, or injury to an upper extremity, is not considered as a causative factor with subsequently developing arthritis, except in joints subject to direct strain or actually injured.
With any form of arthritis, painful motion is an important factor of disability, the facial expression, wincing, etc., on pressure or manipulation, should be carefully noted and definitely related to affected joints. Muscle spasm will greatly assist the identification. Sciatic neuritis is not uncommonly caused by arthritis of the spine. The intent of the schedule is to recognize painful motion with joint or periarticular pathology as productive of disability. It is the intention to recognize actually painful, unstable, or malaligned joints, due to healed injury, as entitled to at least the minimum compensable rating for the joint. Crepitation either in the soft tissues such as the tendons or ligaments, or crepitation within the joint structures should be noted carefully as points of contact which are diseased. Flexion elicits such manifestations. The joints involved should be tested for pain on both active and passive motion, in weight-bearing and nonweight-bearing and, if possible, with the range of the opposite undamaged joint.
With any form of arthritis (except traumatic arthritis) it is essential that the examination for rating purposes cover all major joints, with especial reference to Heberden's or Haygarth's nodes.
The circulatory disturbances, especially of the lower extremity following injury in the popliteal space, must not be overlooked, and require rating generally as phlebitis.
Loss of use of a hand or a foot, for the purpose of special monthly compensation, will be held to exist when no effective function remains other than that which would be equally well served by an amputation stump at the site of election below elbow or knee with use of a suitable prosthetic appliance. The determination will be made on the basis of the actual remaining function of the hand or foot, whether the acts of grasping, manipulation, etc., in the case of the hand, or of balance and propulsion, etc., in the case of the foot, could be accomplished equally well by an amputation stump with prosthesis.
(a) Extremely unfavorable complete ankylosis of the knee, or complete ankylosis of 2 major joints of an extremity, or shortening of the lower extremity of 31⁄2 inches (8.9 cms.) or more, will be taken as loss of use of the hand or foot involved.
(b) Complete paralysis of the external popliteal nerve (common peroneal) and consequent, footdrop, accompanied by characteristic organic changes including trophic and circulatory disturbances and other concomitants confirmatory of complete paralysis of this nerve, will be taken as loss of use of the foot.
Loss of use of both buttocks shall be deemed to exist when there is severe damage to muscle Group XVII, bilateral (diagnostic code number 5317) and additional disability rendering it impossible for the disabled person, without assistance, to rise from a seated position and from a stooped position (fingers to toes position) and to maintain postural stability (the pelvis upon head of femur). The assistance may be rendered by the person's own hands or arms, and, in the matter of postural stability, by a special appliance.
The common cause of disability in this region is arthritis, to be identified in the usual manner. The lumbosacral and sacroiliac joints should be considered as one anatomical segment for rating purposes. X-ray changes from arthritis in this location are decrease or obliteration of the joint space, with the appearance of increased bone density of the sacrum and ilium and sharpening of the margins of the joint. Disability is manifest from erector spinae spasm (not accounted for by other pathology), tenderness on deep palpation and percussion over these joints, loss of normal quickness of motion and resiliency, and postural defects often accompanied by limitation of flexion and extension of the hip. Traumatism is a rare cause of disability in this connection, except when superimposed upon congenital defect or upon an existent arthritis; to permit assumption of pure traumatic origin, objective evidence of damage to the joint, and history of trauma sufficiently severe to injure this extremely strong and practically immovable joint is required. There should be careful consideration of lumbosacral sprain, and the various symptoms of pain and paralysis attributable to disease affecting the lumbar vertebrae and the intervertebral disc.
The variability of residuals following these fractures necessitates rating on specific residuals, faulty posture, limitation of motion, muscle injury, painful motion of the lumbar spine, manifest by muscle spasm, mild to moderate sciatic neuritis, peripheral nerve injury, or limitation of hip motion.
The combined rating for disabilities of an extremity shall not exceed the rating for the amputation at the elective level, were amputation to be performed. For example, the combined evaluations for disabilities below the knee shall not exceed the 40 percent evaluation, diagnostic code 5165. This 40 percent rating may be further combined with evaluation for disabilities above the knee but not to exceed the above the knee amputation elective level. Painful neuroma of a stump after amputation shall be assigned the evaluation for the elective site of reamputation.
Handedness for the purpose of a dominant rating will be determined by the evidence of record, or by testing on VA examination. Only one hand shall be considered dominant. The injured hand, or the most severely injured hand, of an ambidextrous individual will be considered the dominant hand for rating purposes.
If the report of examination is inadequate as a basis for the required consideration of service connection and evaluation, the rating agency may request a supplementary report from the examiner giving further details as to the limitations of the disabled person's ordinary activity imposed by the disease, injury, or residual condition, the prognosis for return to, or continuance of, useful work. When the best interests of the service will be advanced by personal conference with the examiner, such conference may be arranged through channels.
Plates I and II provide a standardized description of ankylosis and joint motion measurement. The anatomical position is considered as 0°, with two major exceptions: (a) Shoulder rotation—arm abducted to 90°, elbow flexed to 90° with the position of the forearm reflecting the midpoint 0° between internal and external rotation of the shoulder; and (b) supination and pronation—the arm next to the body, elbow flexed to 90°, and the forearm in midposition 0° between supination and pronation. Motion of the thumb and fingers should be described by appropriate reference to the joints (See Plate III) whose movement is limited, with a statement as to how near, in centimeters, the tip of the thumb can approximate the fingers, or how near the tips of the fingers can approximate the proximal transverse crease of palm.
View or download PDF
[29 FR 6718, May 22, 1964, as amended at 43 FR 45349, Oct. 2, 1978; 67 FR 48785, July 26, 2002]
Acute, Subacute, or Chronic Diseases
5000 Osteomyelitis, acute, subacute, or chronic:
Of the pelvis, vertebrae, or extending into major joints, or with multiple localization or with long history of intractability and debility, anemia, amyloid liver changes, or other continuous constitutional symptoms 100
Frequent episodes, with constitutional symptoms 60
With definite involucrum or sequestrum, with or without discharging sinus 30
With discharging sinus or other evidence of active infection within the past 5 years 20
Inactive, following repeated episodes, without evidence of active infection in past 5 years 10
Note (1): A rating of 10 percent, as an exception to the amputation rule, is to be assigned in any case of active osteomyelitis where the amputation rating for the affected part is no percent. This 10 percent rating and the other partial ratings of 30 percent or less are to be combined with ratings for ankylosis, limited motion, nonunion or malunion, shortening, etc., subject, of course, to the amputation rule. The 60 percent rating, as it is based on constitutional symptoms, is not subject to the amputation rule. A rating for osteomyelitis will not be applied following cure by removal or radical resection of the affected bone.
Note (2): The 20 percent rating on the basis of activity within the past 5 years is not assignable following the initial infection of active osteomyelitis with no subsequent reactivation. The prerequisite for this historical rating is an established recurrent osteomyelitis. To qualify for the 10 percent rating, 2 or more episodes following the initial infection are required. This 20 percent rating or the 10 percent rating, when applicable, will be assigned once only to cover disability at all sites of previously active infection with a future ending date in the case of the 20 percent rating.
5001 Bones and joints, tuberculosis of, active or inactive:
Inactive: See §§4.88b and 4.89.
5002 Arthritis rheumatoid (atrophic) As an active process:
With constitutional manifestations associated with active joint involvement, totally incapacitating 100
Less than criteria for 100% but with weight loss and anemia productive of severe impairment of health or severely incapacitating exacerbations occurring 4 or more times a year or a lesser number over prolonged periods 60
Symptom combinations productive of definite impairment of health objectively supported by examination findings or incapacitating exacerbations occurring 3 or more times a year 40
One or two exacerbations a year in a well-established diagnosis 20
For chronic residuals:
For residuals such as limitation of motion or ankylosis, favorable or unfavorable, rate under the appropriate diagnostic codes for the specific joints involved. Where, however, the limitation of motion of the specific joint or joints involved is noncompensable under the codes a rating of 10 percent is for application for each such major joint or group of minor joints affected by limitation of motion, to be combined, not added under diagnostic code 5002. Limitation of motion must be objectively confirmed by findings such as swelling, muscle spasm, or satisfactory evidence of painful motion.
Note: The ratings for the active process will not be combined with the residual ratings for limitation of motion or ankylosis. Assign the higher evaluation.
5003 Arthritis, degenerative (hypertrophic or osteoarthritis):
Degenerative arthritis established by X-ray findings will be rated on the basis of limitation of motion under the appropriate diagnostic codes for the specific joint or joints involved (DC 5200 etc.). When however, the limitation of motion of the specific joint or joints involved is noncompensable under the appropriate diagnostic codes, a rating of 10 pct is for application for each such major joint or group of minor joints affected by limitation of motion, to be combined, not added under diagnostic code 5003. Limitation of motion must be objectively confirmed by findings such as swelling, muscle spasm, or satisfactory evidence of painful motion. In the absence of limitation of motion, rate as below:
With X-ray evidence of involvement of 2 or more major joints or 2 or more minor joint groups, with occasional incapacitating exacerbations 20
With X-ray evidence of involvement of 2 or more major joints or 2 or more minor joint groups 10
Note (1): The 20 pct and 10 pct ratings based on X-ray findings, above, will not be combined with ratings based on limitation of motion.
Note (2): The 20 pct and 10 pct ratings based on X-ray findings, above, will not be utilized in rating conditions listed under diagnostic codes 5013 to 5024, inclusive.
5004 Arthritis, gonorrheal.
5005 Arthritis, pneumococcic.
5006 Arthritis, typhoid.
5007 Arthritis, syphilitic.
5008 Arthritis, streptococcic.
5009 Arthritis, other types (specify).
With the types of arthritis, diagnostic codes 5004 through 5009, rate the disability as rheumatoid arthritis.
5010 Arthritis, due to trauma, substantiated by X-ray findings: Rate as arthritis, degenerative.
5011 Bones, caisson disease of: Rate as arthritis, cord involvement, or deafness, depending on the severity of disabling manifestations.
5012 Bones, new growths of, malignant 100
Note: The 100 percent rating will be continued for 1 year following the cessation of surgical, X-ray, antineoplastic chemotherapy or other therapeutic procedure. At this point, if there has been no local recurrence or metastases, the rating will be made on residuals.
5013 Osteoporosis, with joint manifestations.
5014 Osteomalacia.
5015 Bones, new growths of, benign.
5016 Osteitis deformans.
5017 Gout.
5018 Hydrarthrosis, intermittent.
5019 Bursitis.
5020 Synovitis.
5021 Myositis.
5022 Periostitis.
5023 Myositis ossificans.
5024 Tenosynovitis.
The diseases under diagnostic codes 5013 through 5024 will be rated on limitation of motion of affected parts, as arthritis, degenerative, except gout which will be rated under diagnostic code 5002.
5025 Fibromyalgia (fibrositis, primary fibromyalgia syndrome)
With widespread musculoskeletal pain and tender points, with or without associated fatigue, sleep disturbance, stiffness, paresthesias, headache, irritable bowel symptoms, depression, anxiety, or Raynaud's-like symptoms:
That are constant, or nearly so, and refractory to therapy 40
That are episodic, with exacerbations often precipitated by environmental or emotional stress or by overexertion, but that are present more than one-third of the time 20
That require continuous medication for control 10
Note: Widespread pain means pain in both the left and right sides of the body, that is both above and below the waist, and that affects both the axial skeleton (i.e., cervical spine, anterior chest, thoracic spine, or low back) and the extremities.
5051 Shoulder replacement (prosthesis).
Prosthetic replacement of the shoulder joint:
For 1 year following implantation of prosthesis 100 100
With chronic residuals consisting of severe, painful motion or weakness in the affected extremity 60 50
With intermediate degrees of residual weakness, pain or limitation of motion, rate by analogy to diagnostic codes 5200 and 5203.
Minimum rating 30 20
5052 Elbow replacement (prosthesis).
Prosthetic replacement of the elbow joint:
With chronic residuals consisting of severe painful motion or weakness in the affected extremity 50 40
With intermediate degrees of residual weakness, pain or limitation of motion rate by analogy to diagnostic codes 5205 through 5208.
Minimum evaluation 30 20
5053 Wrist replacement (prosthesis).
Prosthetic replacement of wrist joint:
With intermediate degrees of residual weakness, pain or limitation of motion, rate by analogy to diagnostic code 5214.
Note: The 100 pct rating for 1 year following implantation of prosthesis will commence after initial grant of the 1-month total rating assigned under §4.30 following hospital discharge.
5054 Hip replacement (prosthesis).
Prosthetic replacement of the head of the femur or of the acetabulum:
For 1 year following implantation of prosthesis 100
Following implantation of prosthesis with painful motion or weakness such as to require the use of crutches 190
Markedly severe residual weakness, pain or limitation of motion following implantation of prosthesis 70
Moderately severe residuals of weakness, pain or limitation of motion 50
Minimum rating 30
5055 Knee replacement (prosthesis).
Prosthetic replacement of knee joint:
With chronic residuals consisting of severe painful motion or weakness in the affected extremity 60
With intermediate degrees of residual weakness, pain or limitation of motion rate by analogy to diagnostic codes 5256, 5261, or 5262.
5056 Ankle replacement (prosthesis).
Prosthetic replacement of ankle joint:
With chronic residuals consisting of severe painful motion or weakness 40
With intermediate degrees of residual weakness, pain or limitation of motion rate by analogy to 5270 or 5271.
Note (1): The 100 pct rating for 1 year following implantation of prosthesis will commence after initial grant of the 1-month total rating assigned under §4.30 following hospital discharge.
Note (2): Special monthly compensation is assignable during the 100 pct rating period the earliest date permanent use of crutches is established.
combinations of disabilities
5104 Anatomical loss of one hand and loss of use of one foot 1100
5105 Anatomical loss of one foot and loss of use of one hand 1100
5106 Anatomical loss of both hands 1100
5107 Anatomical loss of both feet 1100
5108 Anatomical loss of one hand and one foot 1100
5109 Loss of use of both hands 1100
5110 Loss of use of both feet 1100
5111 Loss of use of one hand and one foot 1100
Note: The term “prosthetic replacement” in diagnostic codes 5051 through 5056 means a total replacement of the named joint. However, in DC 5054, “prosthetic replacement” means a total replacement of the head of the femur or of the acetabulum.
1Also entitled to special monthly compensation.
Table II—Ratings for Multiple Losses of Extremities With Dictator's Rating Code and 38 CFR Citation
Impairment of one extremity
Impairment of other extremity
Anatomical loss or loss of use below elbow
Anatomical loss or loss of use below knee
Anatomical loss or loss of use above elbow (preventing use of prosthesis)
Anatomical loss or loss of use above knee (preventing use of prosthesis)
Anatomical loss near shoulder (preventing use of prosthesis)
Anatomical loss near hip (preventing use of prosthesis)
Anatomical loss or loss of use below elbow M Codes M-1 a, b, or c, 38 CFR 3.350 (c)(1)(i) L Codes L-1 d, e, f, or g, 38 CFR 3.350(b) M 1⁄2 Code M-5, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(x) L 1⁄2 Code L-2 c, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(vi) N Code N-3, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(xi) M Code M-3 c, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(viii)
Anatomical loss or loss of use below knee L Codes L-1 a, b, or c, 38 CFR 3.350(b) L 1⁄2 Code L-2 b, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(iii) L 1⁄2 Code L-2 a, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(i) M Code M-3 b, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(iv) M Code M-3 a, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(ii)
Anatomical loss or loss of use above elbow (preventing use of prosthesis) N Code N-1, 38 CFR 3.350 (d)(1) M Code M-2 a, 38 CFR 3.350 (c)(1)(iii) N 1⁄2 Code N-4, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(ix) M 1⁄2 Code M-4 c, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(xi)
Anatomical loss or loss of use above knee (preventing use of prosthesis) M Code M-2 a, 38 CFR 3.350 (c)(1)(ii) M 1⁄2 Code M-4 b, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(vii) M 1⁄2 Code M-4 a, 38 CFR 3.350 (f)(1)(v)
Anatomical loss near shoulder (preventing use of prosthesis) O Code O-1, 38 CFR 3.350 (e)(1)(i) N Code N-2 b, 38 CFR 3.350 (d)(3)
Anatomical loss near hip (preventing use of prosthesis) N Code N-2 a, 38 CFR 3.350 (d)(2)
Note.—Need for aid attendance or permanently bedridden qualifies for subpar. L. Code L-1 h, i (38 CFR 3.350(b)). Paraplegia with loss of use of both lower extremities and loss of anal and bladder sphincter control qualifies for subpar. O. Code O-2 (38 CFR 3.350(e)(2)). Where there are additional disabilities rated 50% or 100%, or anatomical or loss of use of a third extremity see 38 CFR 3.350(f) (3), (4) or (5).
Amputations: Upper Extremity
Arm, amputation of:
5120 Disarticulation 190 190
5121 Above insertion of deltoid 190 180
5122 Below insertion of deltoid 180 170
Forearm, amputation of:
5123 Above insertion of pronator teres 180 170
5124 Below insertion of pronator teres 170 160
5125 Hand, loss of use of 170 160
multiple finger amputations
5126 Five digits of one hand, amputation of 170 160
Four digits of one hand, amputation of:
5127 Thumb, index, long and ring 170 160
5128 Thumb, index, long and little 170 160
5129 Thumb, index, ring and little 170 160
5130 Thumb, long, ring and little 170 160
5131 Index, long, ring and little 60 50
Three digits of one hand, amputation of:
5132 Thumb, index and long 60 50
5133 Thumb, index and ring 60 50
5134 Thumb, index and little 60 50
5135 Thumb, long and ring 60 50
5136 Thumb, long and little 60 50
5137 Thumb, ring and little 60 50
5138 Index, long and ring 50 40
5139 Index, long and little 50 40
5140 Index, ring and little 50 40
5141 Long, ring and little 40 30
Two digits of one hand, amputation of:
5142 Thumb and index 50 40
5143 Thumb and long 50 40
5144 Thumb and ring 50 40
5145 Thumb and little 50 40
5146 Index and long 40 30
5147 Index and ring 40 30
5148 Index and little 40 30
5149 Long and ring 30 20
5150 Long and little 30 20
5151 Ring and little 30 20
(a) The ratings for multiple finger amputations apply to amputations at the proximal interphalangeal joints or through proximal phalanges.
(b) Amputation through middle phalanges will be rated as prescribed for unfavorable ankylosis of the fingers.
(c) Amputations at distal joints, or through distal phalanges, other than negligible losses, will be rated as prescribed for favorable ankylosis of the fingers.
(d) Amputation or resection of metacarpal bones (more than one-half the bone lost) in multiple fingers injuries will require a rating of 10 percent added to (not combined with) the ratings, multiple finger amputations, subject to the amputation rule applied to the forearm.
(e) Combinations of finger amputations at various levels, or finger amputations with ankylosis or limitation of motion of the fingers will be rated on the basis of the grade of disability; i.e., amputation, unfavorable ankylosis, most representative of the levels or combinations. With an even number of fingers involved, and adjacent grades of disability, select the higher of the two grades.
(f) Loss of use of the hand will be held to exist when no effective function remains other than that which would be equally well served by an amputation stump with a suitable prosthetic appliance.
single finger amputations
5152 Thumb, amputation of:
With metacarpal resection 40 30
At metacarpophalangeal joint or through proximal phalanx 30 20
At distal joint or through distal phalanx 20 20
5153 Index finger, amputation of
With metacarpal resection (more than one-half the bone lost) 30 20
Without metacarpal resection, at proximal interphalangeal joint or proximal thereto 20 20
Through middle phalanx or at distal joint 10 10
5154 Long finger, amputation of:
5155 Ring finger, amputation of:
5156 Little finger, amputation of:
Note: The single finger amputation ratings are the only applicable ratings for amputations of whole or part of single fingers.
1Entitled to special monthly compensation.
Amputations: Lower Extremity
Thigh, amputation of:
5160 Disarticulation, with loss of extrinsic pelvic girdle muscles 290
5161 Upper third, one-third of the distance from perineum to knee joint measured from perineum 280
5162 Middle or lower thirds 260
Leg, amputation of:
5163 With defective stump, thigh amputation recommended 260
5164 Amputation not improvable by prosthesis controlled by natural knee action 260
5165 At a lower level, permitting prosthesis 240
5166 Forefoot, amputation proximal to metatarsal bones (more than one-half of metatarsal loss) 240
5167 Foot, loss of use of 240
5170 Toes, all, amputation of, without metatarsal loss 30
5171 Toe, great, amputation of:
With removal of metatarsal head 30
Without metatarsal involvement 10
5172 Toes, other than great, amputation of, with removal of metatarsal head:
One or two 20
Without metatarsal involvement 0
5173 Toes, three or four, amputation of, without metatarsal involvement:
Including great toe 20
Not including great toe 10
The Shoulder and Arm
5200 Scapulohumeral articulation, ankylosis of:
Note: The scapula and humerus move as one piece.
Unfavorable, abduction limited to 25° from side 50 40
Intermediate between favorable and unfavorable 40 30
Favorable, abduction to 60°, can reach mouth and head 30 20
5201 Arm, limitation of motion of:
To 25° from side 40 30
Midway between side and shoulder level 30 20
At shoulder level 20 20
5202 Humerus, other impairment of:
Loss of head of (flail shoulder) 80 70
Nonunion of (false flail joint) 60 50
Fibrous union of 50 40
Recurrent dislocation of at scapulohumeral joint.
With frequent episodes and guarding of all arm movements 30 20
With infrequent episodes, and guarding of movement only at shoulder level 20 20
Malunion of:
Marked deformity 30 20
Moderate deformity 20 20
5203 Clavicle or scapula, impairment of:
Dislocation of 20 20
Nonunion of:
With loose movement 20 20
Without loose movement 10 10
Malunion of 10 10
Or rate on impairment of function of contiguous joint.
The Elbow and Forearm
5205 Elbow, ankylosis of:
Unfavorable, at an angle of less than 50° or with complete loss of supination or pronation 60 50
Intermediate, at an angle of more than 90°, or between 70° and 50° 50 40
Favorable, at an angle between 90° and 70° 40 30
5206 Forearm, limitation of flexion of:
Flexion limited to 45° 50 40
Flexion limited to 100° 10 10
Flexion limited to 110° 0 0
5207 Forearm, limitation of extension of:
Extension limited to 110° 50 40
Extension limited to 90° 30 20
5208 Forearm, flexion limited to 100° and extension to 45° 20 20
5209 Elbow, other impairment of Flail joint 60 50
Joint fracture, with marked cubitus varus or cubitus valgus deformity or with ununited fracture of head of radius 20 20
5210 Radius and ulna, nonunion of, with flail false joint 50 40
5211 Ulna, impairment of:
Nonunion in upper half, with false movement:
With loss of bone substance (1 inch (2.5 cms.) or more) and marked deformity 40 30
Without loss of bone substance or deformity 30 20
Nonunion in lower half 20 20
Malunion of, with bad alignment 10 10
5212 Radius, impairment of:
Nonunion in lower half, with false movement:
Nonunion in upper half 20 20
5213 Supination and pronation, impairment of:
Loss of (bone fusion):
The hand fixed in supination or hyperpronation 40 30
The hand fixed in full pronation 30 20
The hand fixed near the middle of the arc or moderate pronation 20 20
Limitation of pronation:
Motion lost beyond middle of arc 30 20
Motion lost beyond last quarter of arc, the hand does not approach full pronation 20 20
Limitation of supination:
To 30° or less 10 10
Note: In all the forearm and wrist injuries, codes 5205 through 5213, multiple impaired finger movements due to tendon tie-up, muscle or nerve injury, are to be separately rated and combined not to exceed rating for loss of use of hand.
The Wrist
5214 Wrist, ankylosis of:
Unfavorable, in any degree of palmar flexion, or with ulnar or radial deviation 50 40
Any other position, except favorable 40 30
Favorable in 20° to 30° dorsiflexion 30 20
Note: Extremely unfavorable ankylosis will be rated as loss of use of hands under diagnostic code 5125.
5215 Wrist, limitation of motion of:
Dorsiflexion less than 15° 10 10
Palmar flexion limited in line with forearm 10 10
Evaluation of Ankylosis or Limitation of Motion of Single or Multiple Digits of the Hand
(1) For the index, long, ring, and little fingers (digits II, III, IV, and V), zero degrees of flexion represents the fingers fully extended, making a straight line with the rest of the hand. The position of function of the hand is with the wrist dorsiflexed 20 to 30 degrees, the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints flexed to 30 degrees, and the thumb (digit I) abducted and rotated so that the thumb pad faces the finger pads. Only joints in these positions are considered to be in favorable position. For digits II through V, the metacarpophalangeal joint has a range of zero to 90 degrees of flexion, the proximal interphalangeal joint has a range of zero to 100 degrees of flexion, and the distal (terminal) interphalangeal joint has a range of zero to 70 or 80 degrees of flexion
(2) When two or more digits of the same hand are affected by any combination of amputation, ankylosis, or limitation of motion that is not otherwise specified in the rating schedule, the evaluation level assigned will be that which best represents the overall disability (i.e., amputation, unfavorable or favorable ankylosis, or limitation of motion), assigning the higher level of evaluation when the level of disability is equally balanced between one level and the next higher level
(3) Evaluation of ankylosis of the index, long, ring, and little fingers:
(i) If both the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of a digit are ankylosed, and either is in extension or full flexion, or there is rotation or angulation of a bone, evaluate as amputation without metacarpal resection, at proximal interphalangeal joint or proximal thereto
(ii) If both the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints of a digit are ankylosed, evaluate as unfavorable ankylosis, even if each joint is individually fixed in a favorable position
(iii) If only the metacarpophalangeal or proximal interphalangeal joint is ankylosed, and there is a gap of more than two inches (5.1 cm.) between the fingertip(s) and the proximal transverse crease of the palm, with the finger(s) flexed to the extent possible, evaluate as unfavorable ankylosis
(iv) If only the metacarpophalangeal or proximal interphalangeal joint is ankylosed, and there is a gap of two inches (5.1 cm.) or less between the fingertip(s) and the proximal transverse crease of the palm, with the finger(s) flexed to the extent possible, evaluate as favorable ankylosis
(4) Evaluation of ankylosis of the thumb:
(i) If both the carpometacarpal and interphalangeal joints are ankylosed, and either is in extension or full flexion, or there is rotation or angulation of a bone, evaluate as amputation at metacarpophalangeal joint or through proximal phalanx
(ii) If both the carpometacarpal and interphalangeal joints are ankylosed, evaluate as unfavorable ankylosis, even if each joint is individually fixed in a favorable position
(iii) If only the carpometacarpal or interphalangeal joint is ankylosed, and there is a gap of more than two inches (5.1 cm.) between the thumb pad and the fingers, with the thumb attempting to oppose the fingers, evaluate as unfavorable ankylosis
(iv) If only the carpometacarpal or interphalangeal joint is ankylosed, and there is a gap of two inches (5.1 cm.) or less between the thumb pad and the fingers, with the thumb attempting to oppose the fingers, evaluate as favorable ankylosis
(5) If there is limitation of motion of two or more digits, evaluate each digit separately and combine the evaluations
I. Multiple Digits: Unfavorable Ankylosis
5216 Five digits of one hand, unfavorable ankylosis of 60 50
Note: Also consider whether evaluation as amputation is warranted.
5217 Four digits of one hand, unfavorable ankylosis of:
Thumb and any three fingers 60 50
Index, long, ring, and little fingers 50 40
5218 Three digits of one hand, unfavorable ankylosis of:
Thumb and any two fingers 50 40
Index, long, and ring; index, long, and little; or index, ring, and little fingers 40 30
Long, ring, and little fingers 30 20
5219 Two digits of one hand, unfavorable ankylosis of:
Thumb and any finger 40 30
Index and long; index and ring; or index and little fingers 30 20
Long and ring; long and little; or ring and little fingers 20 20
II. Multiple Digits: Favorable Ankylosis
5220 Five digits of one hand, favorable ankylosis of 50 40
5221 Four digits of one hand, favorable ankylosis of:
5222 Three digits of one hand, favorable ankylosis of:
Long, ring and little fingers 20 20
5223 Two digits of one hand, favorable ankylosis of:
III. Ankylosis of Individual Digits
5224 Thumb, ankylosis of:
Unfavorable 20 20
Favorable 10 10
Note: Also consider whether evaluation as amputation is warranted and whether an additional evaluation is warranted for resulting limitation of motion of other digits or interference with overall function of the hand.
5225 Index finger, ankylosis of:
Unfavorable or favorable 10 10
5226 Long finger, ankylosis of:
5227 Ring or little finger, ankylosis of:
Unfavorable or favorable 0 0
IV. Limitation of Motion of Individual Digits
5228 Thumb, limitation of motion:
With a gap of more than two inches (5.1 cm.) between the thumb pad and the fingers, with the thumb attempting to oppose the fingers 20 20
With a gap of one to two inches (2.5 to 5.1 cm.) between the thumb pad and the fingers, with the thumb attempting to oppose the fingers 10 10
With a gap of less than one inch (2.5 cm.) between the thumb pad and the fingers, with the thumb attempting to oppose the fingers 0 0
5229 Index or long finger, limitation of motion:
With a gap of one inch (2.5 cm.) or more between the fingertip and the proximal transverse crease of the palm, with the finger flexed to the extent possible, or; with extension limited by more than 30 degrees 10 10
With a gap of less than one inch (2.5 cm.) between the fingertip and the proximal transverse crease of the palm, with the finger flexed to the extent possible, and; extension is limited by no more than 30 degrees 0 0
5230 Ring or little finger, limitation of motion:
Any limitation of motion 0 0
General Rating Formula for Diseases and Injuries of the Spine
(For diagnostic codes 5235 to 5243 unless 5243 is evaluated under the Formula for Rating Intervertebral Disc Syndrome Based on Incapacitating Episodes):
With or without symptoms such as pain (whther or not it radiates), stiffness, or aching in the area of the spine affected by residuals of injury or disease
Unfavorable ankylosis of the entire spine 100
Unfavorable ankylosis of the entire thoracolumbar spine 50
Unfavorable ankylosis of the entire cervical spine; or, forward flexion of the thoracolumbar spine 30 degrees or less; or, favorable ankylosis of the entire thoracolumbar spine 40
Forward flexion of the cervical spine 15 degrees or less; or, favorable ankylosis of the entire cervical spine 30
Forward flexion of the thoracolumbar spine greater than 30 degrees but not greater than 60 degrees; or, forward flexion of the cervical spine greater than 15 degrees but not greater than 30 degrees; or, the combined range of motion of the thoracolumbar spine not greater than 120 degrees; or, the combined range of motion of the cervical spine not greater than 170 degrees; or, muscle spasm or guarding severe enough to result in an abnormal gait or abnormal spinal contour such as scoliosis, reversed lordosis, or abnormal kyphosis 20
Forward flexion of the thoracolumbar spine greater than 60 degrees but not greater than 85 degrees; or, forward flexion of the cervical spine greater than 30 degrees but not greater than 40 degrees; or, combined range of motion of the thoracolumbar spine greater than 120 degrees but not greater than 235 degrees; or, combined range of motion of the cervical spine greater than 170 degrees but not greater than 335 degrees; or, muscle spasm, guarding, or localized tenderness not resulting in abnormal gait or abnormal spinal contour; or, vertebral body fracture with loss of 50 percent or more of the height 10
Note (1): Evaluate any associated objective neurologic abnormalities, including, but not limited to, bowel or bladder impairment, separately, under an appropriate diagnostic code.
Note (2): (See also Plate V.) For VA compensation purposes, normal forward flexion of the cervical spine is zero to 45 degrees, extension is zero to 45 degrees, left and right lateral flexion are zero to 45 degrees, and left and right lateral rotation are zero to 80 degrees. Normal forward flexion of the thoracolumbar spine is zero to 90 degrees, extension is zero to 30 degrees, left and right lateral flexion are zero to 30 degrees, and left and right lateral rotation are zero to 30 degrees. The combined range of motion refers to the sum of the range of forward flexion, extension, left and right lateral flexion, and left and right rotation. The normal combined range of motion of the cervical spine is 340 degrees and of the thoracolumbar spine is 240 degrees. The normal ranges of motion for each component of spinal motion provided in this note are the maximum that can be used for calculation of the combined range of motion.
Note (3): In exceptional cases, an examiner may state that because of age, body habitus, neurologic disease, or other factors not the result of disease or injury of the spine, the range of motion of the spine in a particular individual should be considered normal for that individual, even though it does not conform to the normal range of motion stated in Note (2). Provided that the examiner supplies an explanation, the examiner's assessment that the range of motion is normal for that individual will be accepted.
Note (4): Round each range of motion measurement to the nearest five degrees.
Note (5): For VA compensation purposes, unfavorable ankylosis is a condition in which the entire cervical spine, the entire thoracolumbar spine, or the entire spine is fixed in flexion or extension, and the ankylosis results in one or more of the following: difficulty walking because of a limited line of vision; restricted opening of the mouth and chewing; breathing limited to diaphragmatic respiration; gastrointestinal symptoms due to pressure of the costal margin on the abdomen; dyspnea or dysphagia; atlantoaxial or cervical subluxation or dislocation; or neurologic symptoms due to nerve root stretching. Fixation of a spinal segment in neutral position (zero degrees) always represents favorable ankylosis.
Note (6): Separately evaluate disability of the thoracolumbar and cervical spine segments, except when there is unfavorable ankylosis of both segments, which will be rated as a single disability.
5235 Vertebral fracture or dislocation
5236 Sacroiliac injury and weakness
5237 Lumbosacral or cervical strain
5238 Spinal stenosis
5239 Spondylolisthesis or segmental instability
5240 Ankylosing spondylitis
5241 Spinal fusion
5242 Degenerative arthritis of the spine (see also diagnostic code 5003)
5243 Intervertebral disc syndrome
Evaluate intervertebral disc syndrome (preoperatively or postoperatively) either under the General Rating Formula for Diseases and Injuries of the Spine or under the Formula for Rating Intervertebral Disc Syndrome Based on Incapacitating Episodes, whichever method results in the higher evaluation when all disabilities are combined under §4.25.
Formula for Rating Intervertebral Disc Syndrome Based on Incapacitating Episodes
With incapacitating episodes having a total duration of at least 6 weeks during the past 12 months 60
With incapacitating episodes having a total duration of at least 4 weeks but less than 6 weeks during the past 12 months 40
With incapacitating episodes having a total duration of at least one week but less than 2 weeks during the past 12 months 10
Note (1): For purposes of evaluations under diagnostic code 5243, an incapacitating episode is a period of acute signs and symptoms due to intervertebral disc syndrome that requires bed rest prescribed by a physician and treatment by a physician.
Note (2): If intervertebral disc syndrome is present in more than one spinal segment, provided that the effects in each spinal segment are clearly distinct, evaluate each segment on the basis of incapacitating episodes or under the General Rating Formula for Diseases and Injuries of the Spine, whichever method results in a higher evaluation for that segment.
The Hip and Thigh
5250 Hip, ankylosis of:
Unfavorable, extremely unfavorable ankylosis, the foot not reaching ground, crutches necessitated 390
Favorable, in flexion at an angle between 20° and 40°, and slight adduction or abduction 60
5251 Thigh, limitation of extension of:
Extension limited to 5° 10
5252 Thigh, limitation of flexion of:
Flexion limited to 10° 40
5253 Thigh, impairment of:
Limitation of abduction of, motion lost beyond 10° 20
Limitation of adduction of, cannot cross legs 10
Limitation of rotation of, cannot toe-out more than 15°, affected leg 10
5254 Hip, flail joint 80
5255 Femur, impairment of:
Fracture of shaft or anatomical neck of:
With nonunion, with loose motion (spiral or oblique fracture) 80
With nonunion, without loose motion, weightbearing preserved with aid of brace 60
Fracture of surgical neck of, with false joint 60
With marked knee or hip disability 30
With moderate knee or hip disability 20
With slight knee or hip disability 10
The Knee and Leg
5256 Knee, ankylosis of:
Extremely unfavorable, in flexion at an angle of 45° or more 60
In flexion between 20° and 45° 50
Favorable angle in full extension, or in slight flexion between 0° and 10° 30
5257 Knee, other impairment of:
Recurrent subluxation or lateral instability:
Severe 30
Moderate 20
Slight 10
5258 Cartilage, semilunar, dislocated, with frequent episodes of “locking,” pain, and effusion into the joint 20
5259 Cartilage, semilunar, removal of, symptomatic 10
5260 Leg, limitation of flexion of:
Flexion limited to 60° 0
5261 Leg, limitation of extension of:
Extension limited to 45° 50
Extension limited to 5° 0
5262 Tibia and fibula, impairment of:
Nonunion of, with loose motion, requiring brace 40
With marked knee or ankle disability 30
With moderate knee or ankle disability 20
With slight knee or ankle disability 10
5263 Genu recurvatum (acquired, traumatic, with weakness and insecurity in weight-bearing objectively demonstrated) 10
The Ankle
5270 Ankle, ankylosis of:
In plantar flexion at more than 40°, or in dorsiflexion at more than 10° or with abduction, adduction, inversion or eversion deformity 40
In plantar flexion, between 30° and 40°, or in dorsiflexion, between 0° and 10° 30
In plantar flexion, less than 30° 20
5271 Ankle, limited motion of:
Marked 20
5272 Subastragalar or tarsal joint, ankylosis of:
In poor weight-bearing position 20
In good weight-bearing position 10
5273 Os calcis or astragalus, malunion of:
Marked deformity 20
Moderate deformity 10
5274 Astragalectomy 20
Shortening of the Lower Extremity
5275 Bones, of the lower extremity, shortening of:
Over 4 inches (10.2 cms.) 360
31⁄2 to 4 inches (8.9 cms. to 10.2 cms.) 350
3 to 31⁄2 inches (7.6 cms. to 8.9 cms.) 40
21⁄2 to 3 inches (6.4 cms. to 7.6 cms.) 30
Note: Measure both lower extremities from anterior superior spine of the ilium to the internal malleolus of the tibia. Not to be combined with other ratings for fracture or faulty union in the same extremity.
5276 Flatfoot, acquired:
Pronounced; marked pronation, extreme tenderness of plantar surfaces of the feet, marked inward displacement and severe spasm of the tendo achillis on manipulation, not improved by orthopedic shoes or appliances
Bilateral 50
Unilateral 30
Severe; objective evidence of marked deformity (pronation, abduction, etc.), pain on manipulation and use accentuated, indication of swelling on use, characteristic callosities:
Moderate; weight-bearing line over or medial to great toe, inward bowing of the tendo achillis, pain on manipulation and use of the feet, bilateral or unilateral 10
Mild; symptoms relieved by built-up shoe or arch support 0
5277 Weak foot, bilateral:
A symptomatic condition secondary to many constitutional conditions, characterized by atrophy of the musculature, disturbed circulation, and weakness:
Rate the underlying condition, minimum rating 10
5278 Claw foot (pes cavus), acquired:
Marked contraction of plantar fascia with dropped forefoot, all toes hammer toes, very painful callosities, marked varus deformity:
All toes tending to dorsiflexion, limitation of dorsiflexion at ankle to right angle, shortened plantar fascia, and marked tenderness under metatarsal heads:
Great toe dorsiflexed, some limitation of dorsiflexion at ankle, definite tenderness under metatarsal heads:
Slight 0
5279 Metatarsalgia, anterior (Morton's disease), unilateral, or bilateral 10
5280 Hallux valgus, unilateral:
Operated with resection of metatarsal head 10
Severe, if equivalent to amputation of great toe 10
5281 Hallux rigidus, unilateral, severe:
Rate as hallux valgus, severe.
Note: Not to be combined with claw foot ratings.
5282 Hammer toe:
All toes, unilateral without claw foot 10
Single toes 0
5283 Tarsal, or metatarsal bones, malunion of, or nonunion of:
Moderately severe 20
Note: With actual loss of use of the foot, rate 40 percent.
5284 Foot injuries, other:
5296 Skull, loss of part of, both inner and outer tables:
With brain hernia 80
Without brain hernia:
Area larger than size of a 50-cent piece or 1.140 in2 (7.355 cm2) 50
Area intermediate 30
Area smaller than the size of a 25-cent piece or 0.716 in2 (4.619 cm2) 10
Note: Rate separately for intracranial complications.
The Ribs
5297 Ribs, removal of:
More than six 50
Five or six 40
Three or four 30
One or resection of two or more ribs without regeneration 10
Note (1): The rating for rib resection or removal is not to be applied with ratings for purrulent pleurisy, lobectomy, pneumonectomy or injuries of pleural cavity.
Note (2): However, rib resection will be considered as rib removal in thoracoplasty performed for collapse therapy or to accomplish obliteration of space and will be combined with the rating for lung collapse, or with the rating for lobectomy, pneumonectomy or the graduated ratings for pulmonary tuberculosis.
The Coccyx
5298 Coccyx, removal of:
Partial or complete, with painful residuals 10
Without painful residuals 0
[29 FR 6718, May 22, 1964, as amended at 34 FR 5062, Mar. 11, 1969; 40 FR 42536, Sept. 15, 1975; 41 FR 11294, Mar. 18, 1976; 43 FR 45350, Oct. 2, 1978; 51 FR 6411, Feb. 24, 1986; 61 FR 20439, May 7, 1996; 67 FR 48785, July 26, 2002; 67 FR 54349, Aug. 22, 2002; 68 FR 51456, Aug. 27, 2003; 69 FR 32450, June 10, 2004; 80 FR 42041, July 16, 2015]
Note: When evaluating any claim involving muscle injuries resulting in loss of use of any extremity or loss of use of both buttocks (diagnostic code 5317, Muscle Group XVII), refer to §3.350 of this chapter to determine whether the veteran may be entitled to special monthly compensation.
The Shoulder Girdle and Arm
Nondominant
5301 Group I. Function: Upward rotation of scapula; elevation of arm above shoulder level. Extrinsic muscles of shoulder girdle: (1) Trapezius; (2) levator scapulae; (3) serratus magnus
Severe 40 30
Moderately Severe 30 20
Moderate 10 10
Slight 0 0
5302 Group II. Function: Depression of arm from vertical overhead to hanging at side (1, 2); downward rotation of scapula (3, 4); 1 and 2 act with Group III in forward and backward swing of arm. Extrinsic muscles of shoulder girdle: (1) Pectoralis major II (costosternal); (2) latissimus dorsi and teres major (teres major, although technically an intrinsic muscle, is included with latissimus dorsi); (3) pectoralis minor; (4) rhomboid
5303 Group III. Function: Elevation and abduction of arm to level of shoulder; act with 1 and 2 of Group II in forward and backward swing of arm. Intrinsic muscles of shoulder girdle: (1) Pectoralis major I (clavicular); (2) deltoid
5304 Group IV. Function: Stabilization of shoulder against injury in strong movements, holding head of humerus in socket; abduction; outward rotation and inward rotation of arm. Intrinsic muscles of shoulder girdle: (1) Supraspinatus; (2) infraspinatus and teres minor; (3) subscapularis; (4) coracobrachialis
5305 Group V. Function: Elbow supination (1) (long head of biceps is stabilizer of shoulder joint); flexion of elbow (1, 2, 3). Flexor muscles of elbow: (1) Biceps; (2) brachialis; (3) brachioradialis
5306 Group VI. Function: Extension of elbow (long head of triceps is stabilizer of shoulder joint). Extensor muscles of the elbow: (1) Triceps; (2) anconeus.
The Forearm and Hand
5307 Group VII. Function: Flexion of wrist and fingers. Muscles arising from internal condyle of humerus: Flexors of the carpus and long flexors of fingers and thumb; pronator
5308 Group VIII. Function: Extension of wrist, fingers, and thumb; abduction of thumb. Muscles arising mainly from external condyle of humerus: Extensors of carpus, fingers, and thumb; supinator
5309 Group IX. Function: The forearm muscles act in strong grasping movements and are supplemented by the intrinsic muscles in delicate manipulative movements. Intrinsic muscles of hand: Thenar eminence; short flexor, opponens, abductor and adductor of thumb; hypothenar eminence; short flexor, opponens and abductor of little finger; 4 lumbricales; 4 dorsal and 3 palmar interossei
Note: The hand is so compact a structure that isolated muscle injuries are rare, being nearly always complicated with injuries of bones, joints, tendons, etc. Rate on limitation of motion, minimum 10 percent.
The Foot and Leg
5310 Group X. Function: Movements of forefoot and toes; propulsion thrust in walking. Intrinsic muscles of the foot: Plantar: (1) Flexor digitorum brevis; (2) abductor hallucis; (3) abductor digiti minimi; (4) quadratus plantae; (5) lumbricales; (6) flexor hallucis brevis; (7) adductor hallucis; (8) flexor digiti minimi brevis; (9) dorsal and plantar interossei. Other important plantar structures: Plantar aponeurosis, long plantar and calcaneonavicular ligament, tendons of posterior tibial, peroneus longus, and long flexors of great and little toes
Dorsal: (1) Extensor hallucis brevis; (2) extensor digitorum brevis. Other important dorsal structures: cruciate, crural, deltoid, and other ligaments; tendons of long extensors of toes and peronei muscles
Note: Minimum rating for through-and-through wounds of the foot—10.
5311 Group XI. Function: Propulsion, plantar flexion of foot (1); stabilization of arch (2, 3); flexion of toes (4, 5); Flexion of knee (6). Posterior and lateral crural muscles, and muscles of the calf: (1) Triceps surae (gastrocnemius and soleus); (2) tibialis posterior; (3) peroneus longus; (4) peroneus brevis; (5) flexor hallucis longus; (6) flexor digitorum longus; (7) popliteus; (8) plantaris
5312 Group XII. Function: Dorsiflexion (1); extension of toes (2); stabilization of arch (3). Anterior muscles of the leg: (1) Tibialis anterior; (2) extensor digitorum longus; (3) extensor hallucis longus; (4) peroneus tertius
The Pelvic Girdle and Thigh
5313 Group XIII. Function: Extension of hip and flexion of knee; outward and inward rotation of flexed knee; acting with rectus femoris and sartorius (see XIV, 1, 2) synchronizing simultaneous flexion of hip and knee and extension of hip and knee by belt-over-pulley action at knee joint. Posterior thigh group, Hamstring complex of 2-joint muscles: (1) Biceps femoris; (2) semimembranosus; (3) semitendinosus
5314 Group XIV. Function: Extension of knee (2, 3, 4, 5); simultaneous flexion of hip and flexion of knee (1); tension of fascia lata and iliotibial (Maissiat's) band, acting with XVII (1) in postural support of body (6); acting with hamstrings in synchronizing hip and knee (1, 2). Anterior thigh group: (1) Sartorius; (2) rectus femoris; (3) vastus externus; (4) vastus intermedius; (5) vastus internus; (6) tensor vaginae femoris
5315 Group XV. Function: Adduction of hip (1, 2, 3, 4); flexion of hip (1, 2); flexion of knee (4). Mesial thigh group: (1) Adductor longus; (2) adductor brevis; (3) adductor magnus; (4) gracilis
5316 Group XVI. Function: Flexion of hip (1, 2, 3). Pelvic girdle group 1: (1) Psoas; (2) iliacus; (3) pectineus
5317 Group XVII. Function: Extension of hip (1); abduction of thigh; elevation of opposite side of pelvis (2, 3); tension of fascia lata and iliotibial (Maissiat's) band, acting with XIV (6) in postural support of body steadying pelvis upon head of femur and condyles of femur on tibia (1). Pelvic girdle group 2: (1) Gluteus maximus; (2) gluteus medius; (3) gluteus minimus
Severe *50
5318 Group XVIII. Function: Outward rotation of thigh and stabilization of hip joint. Pelvic girdle group 3: (1) Pyriformis; (2) gemellus (superior or inferior); (3) obturator (external or internal); (4) quadratus femoris
*If bilateral, see §3.350(a)(3) of this chapter to determine whether the veteran may be entitled to special monthly compensation.
The Torso and Neck
5319 Group XIX. Function: Support and compression of abdominal wall and lower thorax; flexion and lateral motions of spine; synergists in strong downward movements of arm (1). Muscles of the abdominal wall: (1) Rectus abdominis; (2) external oblique; (3) internal oblique; (4) transversalis; (5) quadratus lumborum
5320 Group XX. Function: Postural support of body; extension and lateral movements of spine. Spinal muscles: Sacrospinalis (erector spinae and its prolongations in thoracic and cervical regions)
Cervical and thoracic region:
Lumbar region:
5321 Group XXI. Function: Respiration. Muscles of respiration: Thoracic muscle group
Severe or Moderately Severe 20
5322 Group XXII. Function: Rotary and forward movements of the head; respiration; deglutition. Muscles of the front of the neck: (Lateral, supra-, and infrahyoid group.) (1) Trapezius I (clavicular insertion); (2) sternocleidomastoid; (3) the “hyoid” muscles; (4) sternothyroid; (5) digastric
5323 Group XXIII. Function: Movements of the head; fixation of shoulder movements. Muscles of the side and back of the neck: Suboccipital; lateral vertebral and anterior vertebral muscles
5324 Diaphragm, rupture of, with herniation. Rate under diagnostic code 7346
5325 Muscle injury, facial muscles. Evaluate functional impairment as seventh (facial) cranial nerve neuropathy (diagnostic code 8207), disfiguring scar (diagnostic code 7800), etc. Minimum, if interfering to any extent with mastication—10
5326 Muscle hernia, extensive. Without other injury to the muscle—10
5327 Muscle, neoplasm of, malignant (excluding soft tissue sarcoma)—100
Note: A rating of 100 percent shall continue beyond the cessation of any surgery, radiation treatment, antineoplastic chemotherapy or other therapeutic procedures. Six months after discontinuance of such treatment, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. If there has been no local recurrence or metastasis, rate on residual impairment of function.
5328 Muscle, neoplasm of, benign, postoperative. Rate on impairment of function, i.e., limitation of motion, or scars, diagnostic code 7805, etc
5329 Sarcoma, soft tissue (of muscle, fat, or fibrous connective tissue)—100
(a) Visual impairment. The evaluation of visual impairment is based on impairment of visual acuity (excluding developmental errors of refraction), visual field, and muscle function.
(b) Examination for visual impairment. The examination must be conducted by a licensed optometrist or by a licensed ophthalmologist. The examiner must identify the disease, injury, or other pathologic process responsible for any visual impairment found. Examinations of visual fields or muscle function will be conducted only when there is a medical indication of disease or injury that may be associated with visual field defect or impaired muscle function. Unless medically contraindicated, the fundus must be examined with the claimant's pupils dilated.
(c) Service-connected visual impairment of only one eye. Subject to the provisions of 38 CFR 3.383(a), if visual impairment of only one eye is service-connected, the visual acuity of the other eye will be considered to be 20/40 for purposes of evaluating the service-connected visual impairment.
(d) Maximum evaluation for visual impairment of one eye. The evaluation for visual impairment of one eye must not exceed 30 percent unless there is anatomical loss of the eye. Combine the evaluation for visual impairment of one eye with evaluations for other disabilities of the same eye that are not based on visual impairment (e.g., disfigurement under diagnostic code 7800).
(e) Anatomical loss of one eye with inability to wear a prosthesis. When the claimant has anatomical loss of one eye and is unable to wear a prosthesis, increase the evaluation for visual acuity under diagnostic code 6063 by 10 percent, but the maximum evaluation for visual impairment of both eyes must not exceed 100 percent. A 10-percent increase under this paragraph precludes an evaluation under diagnostic code 7800 based on gross distortion or asymmetry of the eye but not an evaluation under diagnostic code 7800 based on other characteristics of disfigurement.
(f) Special monthly compensation. When evaluating visual impairment, refer to 38 CFR 3.350 to determine whether the claimant may be entitled to special monthly compensation. Footnotes in the schedule indicate levels of visual impairment that potentially establish entitlement to special monthly compensation; however, other levels of visual impairment combined with disabilities of other body systems may also establish entitlement.
(Authority: 38 U.S.C. 1114 and 1155)
[73 FR 66549, Nov. 10, 2008]
(a) Examination of visual acuity. Examination of visual acuity must include the central uncorrected and corrected visual acuity for distance and near vision using Snellen's test type or its equivalent.
(b) Evaluation of visual acuity. (1) Evaluate central visual acuity on the basis of corrected distance vision with central fixation, even if a central scotoma is present. However, when the lens required to correct distance vision in the poorer eye differs by more than three diopters from the lens required to correct distance vision in the better eye (and the difference is not due to congenital or developmental refractive error), and either the poorer eye or both eyes are service connected, evaluate the visual acuity of the poorer eye using either its uncorrected or corrected visual acuity, whichever results in better combined visual acuity.
(2) Provided that he or she customarily wears contact lenses, evaluate the visual acuity of any individual affected by a corneal disorder that results in severe irregular astigmatism that can be improved more by contact lenses than by eyeglass lenses, as corrected by contact lenses.
(3) In any case where the examiner reports that there is a difference equal to two or more scheduled steps between near and distance corrected vision, with the near vision being worse, the examination report must include at least two recordings of near and distance corrected vision and an explanation of the reason for the difference. In these cases, evaluate based on corrected distance vision adjusted to one step poorer than measured.
(4) To evaluate the impairment of visual acuity where a claimant has a reported visual acuity that is between two sequentially listed visual acuities, use the visual acuity which permits the higher evaluation.
Table III—Normal Visual Field Extent at 8 Principal Meridians
Normal degrees
Temporally 85
Down temporally 85
Down 65
Down nasally 50
Nasally 60
Up nasally 55
Up 45
Up temporally 55
Example of computation of concentric contraction under the schedule with abnormal findings taken from Figure 1.
Total loss 320
Remaining field 500° minus 320° = 180°. 180° ÷ 8 = 221⁄2 ° average concentric contraction.
[43 FR 45352, Oct. 2, 1978, as amended at 73 FR 66549, Nov. 10, 2008]
(a) Examination of visual fields. Examiners must use either Goldmann kinetic perimetry or automated perimetry using Humphrey Model 750, Octopus Model 101, or later versions of these perimetric devices with simulated kinetic Goldmann testing capability. For phakic (normal) individuals, as well as for pseudophakic or aphakic individuals who are well adapted to intraocular lens implant or contact lens correction, visual field examinations must be conducted using a standard target size and luminance, which is Goldmann's equivalent III/4e. For aphakic individuals not well adapted to contact lens correction or pseudophakic individuals not well adapted to intraocular lens implant, visual field examinations must be conducted using Goldmann's equivalent IV/4e. The examiner must document the results for at least 16 meridians 221⁄2 degrees apart for each eye and indicate the Goldmann equivalent used. See Table III for the normal extent (in degrees) of the visual fields at the 8 principal meridians (45 degrees apart). When the examiner indicates that additional testing is necessary to evaluate visual fields, the additional testing must be conducted using either a tangent screen or a 30-degree threshold visual field with the Goldmann III stimulus size. The examination report must document the results of either the tangent screen or of the 30-degree threshold visual field with the Goldmann III stimulus size.
(b) Evaluation of visual fields. Determine the average concentric contraction of the visual field of each eye by measuring the remaining visual field (in degrees) at each of eight principal meridians 45 degrees apart, adding them, and dividing the sum by eight.
(c) Combination of visual field defect and decreased visual acuity. To determine the evaluation for visual impairment when both decreased visual acuity and visual field defect are present in one or both eyes and are service connected, separately evaluate the visual acuity and visual field defect (expressed as a level of visual acuity), and combine them under the provisions of §4.25.
[53 FR 30262, Aug. 11, 1988, as amended at 73 FR 66549, Nov. 10, 2008; 74 FR 7648, Feb. 19, 2009; 83 FR 15320, Apr. 10, 2018]
(a) Examination of muscle function. The examiner must use a Goldmann perimeter chart or the Tangent Screen method that identifies the four major quadrants (upward, downward, left, and right lateral) and the central field (20 degrees or less) (see Figure 2). The examiner must document the results of muscle function testing by identifying the quadrant(s) and range(s) of degrees in which diplopia exists.
(b) Evaluation of muscle function. (1) An evaluation for diplopia will be assigned to only one eye. When a claimant has both diplopia and decreased visual acuity or visual field defect, assign a level of corrected visual acuity for the poorer eye (or the affected eye, if disability of only one eye is service-connected) that is: one step poorer than it would otherwise warrant if the evaluation for diplopia under diagnostic code 6090 is 20/70 or 20/100; two steps poorer if the evaluation under diagnostic code 6090 is 20/200 or 15/200; or three steps poorer if the evaluation under diagnostic code 6090 is 5/200. This adjusted level of corrected visual acuity, however, must not exceed a level of 5/200. Use the adjusted visual acuity for the poorer eye (or the affected eye, if disability of only one eye is service-connected), and the corrected visual acuity for the better eye (or visual acuity of 20/40 for the other eye, if only one eye is service-connected) to determine the percentage evaluation for visual impairment under diagnostic codes 6065 through 6066.
(2) When diplopia extends beyond more than one quadrant or range of degrees, evaluate diplopia based on the quadrant and degree range that provides the highest evaluation.
(3) When diplopia exists in two separate areas of the same eye, increase the equivalent visual acuity under diagnostic code 6090 to the next poorer level of visual acuity, not to exceed 5/200.
[73 FR 66550, Nov. 10, 2008, as amended at 83 FR 15321, Apr. 10, 2018]
Diseases of the Eye
General Rating Formula for Diseases of the Eye:
Evaluate on the basis of either visual impairment due to the particular condition or on incapacitating episodes, whichever results in a higher evaluation
With documented incapacitating episodes requiring 7 or more treatment visits for an eye condition during the past 12 months 60
With documented incapacitating episodes requiring at least 5 but less than 7 treatment visits for an eye condition during the past 12 months 40
Note (1): For the purposes of evaluation under 38 CFR 4.79, an incapacitating episode is an eye condition severe enough to require a clinic visit to a provider specifically for treatment purposes
Note (2): Examples of treatment may include but are not limited to: Systemic immunosuppressants or biologic agents; intravitreal or periocular injections; laser treatments; or other surgical interventions
Note (3): For the purposes of evaluating visual impairment due to the particular condition, refer to 38 CFR 4.75-4.78 and to §4.79, diagnostic codes 6061-6091
6000 Choroidopathy, including uveitis, iritis, cyclitis, or choroiditis.
6001 Keratopathy.
6002 Scleritis.
6006 Retinopathy or maculopathy not otherwise specified
6007 Intraocular hemorrhage.
6008 Detachment of retina.
6009 Unhealed eye injury.
Note: This code includes orbital trauma, as well as penetrating or non-penetrating eye injury
6010 Tuberculosis of eye:
Inactive: Evaluate under §4.88c or §4.89 of this part, whichever is appropriate
6011 Retinal scars, atrophy, or irregularities:
Localized scars, atrophy, or irregularities of the retina, unilateral or bilateral, that are centrally located and that result in an irregular, duplicated, enlarged, or diminished image 10
Alternatively, evaluate based on the General Rating Formula for Diseases of the Eye, if this would result in a higher evaluation
6012 Angle-closure glaucoma
Evaluate under the General Rating Formula for Diseases of the Eye. Minimum evaluation if continuous medication is required 10
6013 Open-angle glaucoma
6014 Malignant neoplasms of the eye, orbit, and adnexa (excluding skin):
Malignant neoplasms of the eye, orbit, and adnexa (excluding skin) that require therapy that is comparable to those used for systemic malignancies, i.e., systemic chemotherapy, X-ray therapy more extensive than to the area of the eye, or surgery more extensive than enucleation 100
Note: Continue the 100 percent rating beyond the cessation of any surgical, X-ray, antineoplastic chemotherapy, or other therapeutic procedure. Six months after discontinuance of such treatment, the appropriate disability rating will be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination will be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. If there has been no local recurrence or metastasis, evaluate based on residuals
Malignant neoplasms of the eye, orbit, and adnexa (excluding skin) that do not require therapy comparable to that for systemic malignancies:
Separately evaluate visual and nonvisual impairment, e.g., disfigurement (diagnostic code 7800), and combine the evaluations
6015 Benign neoplasms of the eye, orbit, and adnexa (excluding skin):
6016 Nystagmus, central 10
6017 Trachomatous conjunctivitis:
Active: Evaluate under the General Rating Formula for Diseases of the Eye, minimum rating 30
Inactive: Evaluate based on residuals, such as visual impairment and disfigurement (diagnostic code 7800)
6018 Chronic conjunctivitis (nontrachomatous):
6019 Ptosis, unilateral or bilateral:
Evaluate based on visual impairment or, in the absence of visual impairment, on disfigurement (diagnostic code 7800).
6020 Ectropion:
6021 Entropion:
6022 Lagophthalmos:
6023 Loss of eyebrows, complete, unilateral or bilateral 10
6024 Loss of eyelashes, complete, unilateral or bilateral 10
6025 Disorders of the lacrimal apparatus (epiphora, dacryocystitis, etc.):
6026 Optic neuropathy
6027 Cataract:
Preoperative: Evaluate under the General Rating Formula for Diseases of the Eye
Postoperative: If a replacement lens is present (pseudophakia), evaluate under the General Rating Formula for Diseases of the Eye. If there is no replacement lens, evaluate based on aphakia (diagnostic code 6029)
6029 Aphakia or dislocation of crystalline lens:
Evaluate based on visual impairment, and elevate the resulting level of visual impairment one step.
Minimum (unilateral or bilateral) 30
6030 Paralysis of accommodation (due to neuropathy of the Oculomotor Nerve (cranial nerve III)). 20
6032 Loss of eyelids, partial or complete:
Separately evaluate both visual impairment due to eyelid loss and nonvisual impairment, e.g., disfigurement (diagnostic code 7800), and combine the evaluations.
6034 Pterygium:
Evaluate under the General Rating Formula for Diseases of the Eye, disfigurement (diagnostic code 7800), conjunctivitis (diagnostic code 6018), etc., depending on the particular findings, and combine in accordance with §4.25
6035 Keratoconus
6036 Status post corneal transplant:
Evaluate under the General Rating Formula for Diseases of the Eye. Minimum, if there is pain, photophobia, and glare sensitivity 10
6037 Pinguecula:
Evaluate based on disfigurement (diagnostic code 7800).
6040 Diabetic retinopathy
6042 Retinal dystrophy (including retinitis pigmentosa, wet or dry macular degeneration, early-onset macular degeneration, rod and/or cone dystrophy)
6046 Post-chiasmal disorders
Impairment of Central Visual Acuity
6061 Anatomical loss of both eyes1 100
6062 No more than light perception in both eyes1 100
6063 Anatomical loss of one eye:1
In the other eye 5/200 (1.5/60) 100
In the other eye 10/200 (3/60) 90
In the other eye 15/200 (4.5/60) 80
In the other eye 20/70 (6/21) 60
6064 No more than light perception in one eye:1
6065 Vision in one eye 5/200 (1.5/60):
In the other eye 5/200 (1.5/60) 1100
6066 Visual acuity in one eye 10/200 (3/60) or better:
Vision in one eye 10/200 (3/60):
Vision in one eye 15/200 (4.5/60):
Vision in one eye 20/70 (6/21):
In the other eye 20/40 (6/12) 0
1Review for entitlement to special monthly compensation under 38 CFR 3.350.
Ratings for Impairment of Visual Fields
6080 Visual field defects:
Homonymous hemianopsia 30
Loss of temporal half of visual field:
Or evaluate each affected eye as 20/70 (6/21)
Loss of nasal half of visual field:
Loss of inferior half of visual field:
Loss of superior half of visual field:
Concentric contraction of visual field:
With remaining field of 5 degrees:1
Bilateral 100
Or evaluate each affected eye as 5/200 (1.5/60)
With remaining field of 6 to 15 degrees:
Or evaluate each affected eye as 20/200 (6/60)
With remaining field of 16 to 30 degrees:
6081 Scotoma, unilateral:
Minimum, with scotoma affecting at least one-quarter of the visual field (quadrantanopsia) or with centrally located scotoma of any size 10
Alternatively, evaluate based on visual impairment due to scotoma, if that would result in a higher evaluation
Ratings for Impairment of Muscle Function
Degree of diplopia
6090 Diplopia (double vision):
(a) Central 20 degrees 5/200 (1.5/60)
(b) 21 degrees to 30 degrees
(1) Down 15/200 (4.5/60)
(2) Lateral 20/100 (6/30)
(3) Up 20/70 (6/21)
(c) 31 degrees to 40 degrees
(1) Down 20/200 (6/60)
(2) Lateral 20/70 (6/21)
Note: In accordance with 38 CFR 4.31, diplopia that is occasional or that is correctable with spectacles is evaluated at 0 percent.
6091 Symblepharon:
Evaluate under the General Rating Formula for Diseases of the Eye, lagophthalmos (diagnostic code 6022), disfigurement (diagnostic code 7800), etc., depending on the particular findings, and combine in accordance with §4.25
(a) An examination for hearing impairment for VA purposes must be conducted by a state-licensed audiologist and must include a controlled speech discrimination test (Maryland CNC) and a puretone audiometry test. Examinations will be conducted without the use of hearing aids.
(b) Table VI, “Numeric Designation of Hearing Impairment Based on Puretone Threshold Average and Speech Discrimination,” is used to determine a Roman numeral designation (I through XI) for hearing impairment based on a combination of the percent of speech discrimination (horizontal rows) and the puretone threshold average (vertical columns). The Roman numeral designation is located at the point where the percentage of speech discrimination and puretone threshold average intersect.
(c) Table VIa, “Numeric Designation of Hearing Impairment Based Only on Puretone Threshold Average,” is used to determine a Roman numeral designation (I through XI) for hearing impairment based only on the puretone threshold average. Table VIa will be used when the examiner certifies that use of the speech discrimination test is not appropriate because of language difficulties, inconsistent speech discrimination scores, etc., or when indicated under the provisions of §4.86.
(d) “Puretone threshold average,” as used in Tables VI and VIa, is the sum of the puretone thresholds at 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 Hertz, divided by four. This average is used in all cases (including those in §4.86) to determine the Roman numeral designation for hearing impairment from Table VI or VIa.
(e) Table VII, “Percentage Evaluations for Hearing Impairment,” is used to determine the percentage evaluation by combining the Roman numeral designations for hearing impairment of each ear. The horizontal rows represent the ear having the better hearing and the vertical columns the ear having the poorer hearing. The percentage evaluation is located at the point where the row and column intersect.
(f) If impaired hearing is service-connected in only one ear, in order to determine the percentage evaluation from Table VII, the non-service-connected ear will be assigned a Roman Numeral designation for hearing impairment of I, subject to the provisions of §3.383 of this chapter.
(g) When evaluating any claim for impaired hearing, refer to §3.350 of this chapter to determine whether the veteran may be entitled to special monthly compensation due either to deafness, or to deafness in combination with other specified disabilities.
(h) Numeric tables VI, VIA*, and VII.
[64 FR 25206, May 11, 1999]
(a) When the puretone threshold at each of the four specified frequencies (1000, 2000, 3000, and 4000 Hertz) is 55 decibels or more, the rating specialist will determine the Roman numeral designation for hearing impairment from either Table VI or Table VIa, whichever results in the higher numeral. Each ear will be evaluated separately.
(b) When the puretone threshold is 30 decibels or less at 1000 Hertz, and 70 decibels or more at 2000 Hertz, the rating specialist will determine the Roman numeral designation for hearing impairment from either Table VI or Table VIa, whichever results in the higher numeral. That numeral will then be elevated to the next higher Roman numeral. Each ear will be evaluated separately.
Diseases of the Ear
6200 Chronic suppurative otitis media, mastoiditis, or cholesteatoma (or any combination):
During suppuration, or with aural polyps 10
Note: Evaluate hearing impairment, and complications such as labyrinthitis, tinnitus, facial nerve paralysis, or bone loss of skull, separately.
6201 Chronic nonsuppurative otitis media with effusion (serous otitis media):
Rate hearing impairment
6202 Otosclerosis:
6204 Peripheral vestibular disorders:
Dizziness and occasional staggering 30
Occasional dizziness 10
Note: Objective findings supporting the diagnosis of vestibular disequilibrium are required before a compensable evaluation can be assigned under this code. Hearing impairment or suppuration shall be separately rated and combined.
6205 Meniere's syndrome (endolymphatic hydrops):
Hearing impairment with attacks of vertigo and cerebellar gait occurring more than once weekly, with or without tinnitus 100
Hearing impairment with attacks of vertigo and cerebellar gait occurring from one to four times a month, with or without tinnitus 60
Hearing impairment with vertigo less than once a month, with or without tinnitus 30
Note: Evaluate Meniere's syndrome either under these criteria or by separately evaluating vertigo (as a peripheral vestibular disorder), hearing impairment, and tinnitus, whichever method results in a higher overall evaluation. But do not combine an evaluation for hearing impairment, tinnitus, or vertigo with an evaluation under diagnostic code 6205.
6207 Loss of auricle:
Complete loss of both 50
Complete loss of one 30
Deformity of one, with loss of one-third or more of the substance 10
6208 Malignant neoplasm of the ear (other than skin only) 100
Note: A rating of 100 percent shall continue beyond the cessation of any surgical, radiation treatment, antineoplastic chemotherapy or other therapeutic procedure. Six months after discontinuance of such treatment, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based on that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. If there has been no local recurrence or metastasis, rate on residuals.
6209 Benign neoplasms of the ear (other than skin only):
Rate on impairment of function.
6210 Chronic otitis externa:
Swelling, dry and scaly or serous discharge, and itching requiring frequent and prolonged treatment 10
6211 Tympanic membrane, perforation of 0
6260 Tinnitus, recurrent 10
Note (1): A separate evaluation for tinnitus may be combined with an evaluation under diagnostic codes 6100, 6200, 6204, or other diagnostic code, except when tinnitus supports an evaluation under one of those diagnostic codes.
Note (2): Assign only a single evaluation for recurrent tinnitus, whether the sound is perceived in one ear, both ears, or in the head.
Note (3): Do not evaluate objective tinnitus (in which the sound is audible to other people and has a definable cause that may or may not be pathologic) under this diagnostic code, but evaluate it as part of any underlying condition causing it.
[64 FR 25210, May 11, 1999, as amended at 68 FR 25823, May 14, 2003]
6275 Sense of smell, complete loss 10
6276 Sense of taste, complete loss 10
Note: Evaluation will be assigned under diagnostic codes 6275 or 6276 only if there is an anatomical or pathological basis for the condition.
(a) For VA purposes, the diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome requires:
(1) new onset of debilitating fatigue severe enough to reduce daily activity to less than 50 percent of the usual level for at least six months; and
(2) the exclusion, by history, physical examination, and laboratory tests, of all other clinical conditions that may produce similar symptoms; and
(3) six or more of the following:
(i) acute onset of the condition,
(ii) low grade fever,
(iii) nonexudative pharyngitis,
(iv) palpable or tender cervical or axillary lymph nodes,
(v) generalized muscle aches or weakness,
(vi) fatigue lasting 24 hours or longer after exercise,
(vii) headaches (of a type, severity, or pattern that is different from headaches in the pre-morbid state),
(viii) migratory joint pains,
(ix) neuropsychologic symptoms,
(x) sleep disturbance.
(b) [Reserved]
Note: Rate any residual disability of infection within the appropriate body system as indicated by the notes in the evaluation criteria. As applicable, consider the long-term health effects potentially associated with infectious diseases as listed in §3.317(d) of this chapter, specifically Brucellosis, Campylobacter jejuni, Coxiella burnetii (Q fever), Malaria, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Nontyphoid Salmonella, Shigella, Visceral Leishmaniasis, and West Nile virus.
General Rating Formula for Infectious Diseases:
For active disease 100
After active disease has resolved, rate at 0 percent for infection. Rate any residual disability of infection within the appropriate body system.
6300 Vibriosis (Cholera, Non-cholera):
Evaluate under the General Rating Formula.
Note: Rate residuals of cholera and non-cholera vibrio infections, such as renal failure, skin, and musculoskeletal conditions, within the appropriate body system.
6301 Visceral leishmaniasis:
As active disease 100
Note 1: Continue a 100 percent evaluation beyond the cessation of treatment for active disease. Six months after discontinuance of such treatment, determine the appropriate disability rating by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. Thereafter, rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to liver damage and bone marrow disease.
Note 2: Confirm the recurrence of active infection by culture, histopathology, or other diagnostic laboratory testing.
6302 Leprosy (Hansen's disease):
Note: Continue a 100 percent evaluation beyond the cessation of treatment for active disease. Six months after discontinuance of such treatment, determine the appropriate disability rating by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. Thereafter, rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, skin lesions, peripheral neuropathy, or amputations.
6304 Malaria:
Note 1: The diagnosis of malaria, both initially and during relapse, depends on the identification of the malarial parasites in blood smears or other specific diagnostic laboratory tests such as antigen detection, immunologic (immunochromatographic) tests, and molecular testing such as polymerase chain reaction tests.
Note 2: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, liver or splenic damage, and central nervous system conditions.
6305 Lymphatic filariasis, to include elephantiasis:
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, epididymitis, lymphangitis, lymphatic obstruction, or lymphedema affecting extremities, genitals, and/or breasts.
6306 Bartonellosis:
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, endocarditis or skin lesions.
6307 Plague:
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection.
6308 Relapsing Fever:
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, liver or spleen damage, iritis, uveitis, or central nervous system involvement.
6309 Rheumatic fever:
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, heart damage.
6310 Syphilis, and other treponema infections:
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, diseases of the nervous system, vascular system, eyes, or ears (see DC 7004, DC 8013, DC 8014, DC 8015, and DC 9301).
6311 Tuberculosis, miliary:
Inactive disease: See §§4.88c and 4.89.
Note 2: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection which includes, but is not limited to, skin conditions and conditions of the respiratory, central nervous, musculoskeletal, ocular, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary systems and those residuals listed in §4.88c.
6312 Nontuberculosis mycobacterium infection:
Note 1: Continue the rating of 100 percent for the duration of treatment for active disease followed by a mandatory VA exam. If there is no relapse, rate on residuals. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter.
6313 Avitaminosis:
Marked mental changes, moist dermatitis, inability to retain adequate nourishment, exhaustion, and cachexia 100
With all of the symptoms listed below, plus mental symptoms and impaired bodily vigor 60
With stomatitis, diarrhea, and symmetrical dermatitis 40
With stomatitis, or achlorhydria, or diarrhea 20
Confirmed diagnosis with nonspecific symptoms such as: decreased appetite, weight loss, abdominal discomfort, weakness, inability to concentrate and irritability 10
6314 Beriberi:
As active disease:
With congestive heart failure, anasarca, or Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome 100
With cardiomegaly, or; with peripheral neuropathy with footdrop or atrophy of thigh or calf muscles 60
With peripheral neuropathy with absent knee or ankle jerks and loss of sensation, or; with symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, anorexia, dizziness, heaviness and stiffness of legs, headache or sleep disturbance 30
Thereafter rate residuals under the appropriate body system.
6315 Pellagra:
6316 Brucellosis:
Note 1: Culture, serologic testing, or both must confirm the initial diagnosis and recurrence of active infection.
Note 2: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, meningitis, liver, spleen and musculoskeletal conditions.
6317 Rickettsial, ehrlichia, and anaplasma infections:
Note 1: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, bone marrow, spleen, central nervous system, and skin conditions.
Note 2: This diagnostic code includes, but is not limited to, scrub typhus, Rickettsial pox, African tick-borne fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, ehrlichiosis, or anaplasmosis.
6318 Melioidosis:
Note 1: Confirm by culture or other specific diagnostic laboratory tests the initial diagnosis and any relapse or chronic activity of infection.
Note 2: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, arthritis, lung lesions, or meningitis.
6319 Lyme disease:
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, arthritis, Bell's palsy, radiculopathy, ocular, or cognitive dysfunction.
6320 Parasitic diseases otherwise not specified:
6325 Hyperinfection syndrome or disseminated strongyloidiasis:
Note: Continue the rating of 100 percent through active disease followed by a mandatory VA exam. If there is no relapse, rate on residual disability. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter.
6326 Schistosomiasis:
As acute or asymptomatic chronic disease 0
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, conditions of the liver, intestinal system, female genital tract, genitourinary tract, or central nervous system.
6329 Hemorrhagic fevers, including dengue, yellow fever, and others:
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, conditions of the central nervous system, liver, or kidney.
6330 Campylobacter jejuni infection:
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, Guillain-Barre syndrome, reactive arthritis, or uveitis.
6331 Coxiella burnetii infection (Q fever):
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, chronic hepatitis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, post Q-fever chronic fatigue syndrome, or vascular infections.
6333 Nontyphoid salmonella infections:
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, reactive arthritis.
6334 Shigella infections:
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, hemolytic-uremic syndrome or reactive arthritis.
6335 West Nile virus infection:
Note: Rate under the appropriate body system any residual disability of infection, which includes, but is not limited to, variable physical, functional, or cognitive disabilities.
6350 Lupus erythematosus, systemic (disseminated):
Not to be combined with ratings under DC 7809 Acute, with frequent exacerbations, producing severe impairment of health 100
Exacerbations lasting a week or more, 2 or 3 times per year 60
Exacerbations once or twice a year or symptomatic during the past 2 years 10
Note: Evaluate this condition either by combining the evaluations for residuals under the appropriate system, or by evaluating DC 6350, whichever method results in a higher evaluation.
6351 HIV-related illness:
AIDS with recurrent opportunistic infections (see Note 3) or with secondary diseases afflicting multiple body systems; HIV-related illness with debility and progressive weight loss 100
Refractory constitutional symptoms, diarrhea, and pathological weight loss; or minimum rating following development of AIDS-related opportunistic infection or neoplasm 60
Recurrent constitutional symptoms, intermittent diarrhea, and use of approved medication(s); or minimum rating with T4 cell count less than 200 30
Following development of HIV-related constitutional symptoms; T4 cell count between 200 and 500; use of approved medication(s); or with evidence of depression or memory loss with employment limitations 10
Asymptomatic, following initial diagnosis of HIV infection, with or without lymphadenopathy or decreased T4 cell count 0
Note 1: In addition to standard therapies and regimens, the term “approved medication(s)” includes treatment regimens and medications prescribed as part of a research protocol at an accredited medical institution.
Note 2: Diagnosed psychiatric illness, central nervous system manifestations, opportunistic infections, and neoplasms may be rated separately under the appropriate diagnostic codes if a higher overall evaluation results, provided the disability symptoms do not overlap with evaluations otherwise assignable above.
Note 3: The following list of opportunistic infections are considered AIDS-defining conditions, that is, a diagnosis of AIDS follows if a person has HIV and one more of these infections, regardless of the CD4 count—candidiasis of the bronchi, trachea, esophagus, or lungs; invasive cervical cancer; coccidioidomycosis; cryptococcosis; cryptosporidiosis; cytomegalovirus (particularly CMV retinitis); HIV-related encephalopathy; herpes simplex-chronic ulcers for greater than one month, or bronchitis, pneumonia, or esophagitis; histoplasmosis; isosporiasis (chronic intestinal); Kaposi's sarcoma; lymphoma; mycobacterium avium complex; tuberculosis; pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii) pneumonia; pneumonia, recurrent; progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; salmonella septicemia, recurrent; toxoplasmosis of the brain; and wasting syndrome due to HIV.
6354 Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS):
Debilitating fatigue, cognitive impairments (such as inability to concentrate, forgetfulness, or confusion), or a combination of other signs and symptoms:
Which are nearly constant and so severe as to restrict routine daily activities almost completely and which may occasionally preclude self-care 100
Which are nearly constant and restrict routine daily activities to less than 50 percent of the pre-illness level; or which wax and wane, resulting in periods of incapacitation of at least six weeks total duration per year 60
Which are nearly constant and restrict routine daily activities from 50 to 75 percent of the pre-illness level; or which wax and wane, resulting in periods of incapacitation of at least four but less than six weeks total duration per year 40
Which are nearly constant and restrict routine daily activities by less than 25 percent of the pre-illness level; or which wax and wane, resulting in periods of incapacitation of at least two but less than four weeks total duration per year 20
Which wax and wane but result in periods of incapacitation of at least one but less than two weeks total duration per year; or symptoms controlled by continuous medication 10
Note: For the purpose of evaluating this disability, incapacitation exists only when a licensed physician prescribes bed rest and treatment.
[61 FR 39875, July 31, 1996, as amended at 84 FR 28230, June 18, 2019]
For 1 year after date of inactivity, following active tuberculosis 100
Thereafter: Rate residuals under the specific body system or systems affected.
Following the total rating for the 1 year period after date of inactivity, the schedular evaluation for residuals of nonpulmonary tuberculosis, i.e., ankylosis, surgical removal of a part, etc., will be assigned under the appropriate diagnostic code for the residual preceded by the diagnostic code for tuberculosis of the body part affected. For example, tuberculosis of the hip joint with residual ankylosis would be coded 5001-5250. Where there are existing residuals of pulmonary and nonpulmonary conditions, the evaluations for residual separate functional impairment may be combined.
Where there are existing pulmonary and nonpulmonary conditions, the total rating for the 1 year, after attainment of inactivity, may not be applied to both conditions during the same period. However, the total rating during the 1-year period for the pulmonary or for the nonpulmonary condition will be utilized, combined with evaluation for residuals of the condition not covered by the 1-year total evaluation, so as to allow any additional benefit provided during such period.
[34 FR 5062, Mar. 11, 1969. Redesignated at 59 FR 60902, Nov. 29, 1994]
Public Law 90-493 repealed section 356 of title 38, United States Code which provided graduated ratings for inactive tuberculosis. The repealed section, however, still applies to the case of any veteran who on August 19, 1968, was receiving or entitled to receive compensation for tuberculosis. The use of the protective provisions of Pub. L. 90-493 should be mentioned in the discussion portion of all ratings in which these provisions are applied. For use in rating cases in which the protective provisions of Pub. L. 90-493 apply, the former evaluations are retained in this section.
For 2 years after date of inactivity, following active tuberculosis, which was clinically identified during service or subsequently 100
Thereafter, for 4 years, or in any event, to 6 years after date of inactivity 50
Thereafter, for 5 years, or to 11 years after date of inactivity 30
Thereafter, in the absence of a schedular compensable permanent residual 0
Following the total rating for the 2-year period after date of inactivity, the schedular evaluation for residuals of nonpulmonary tuberculosis, i.e., ankylosis, surgical removal of a part, etc., if in excess of 50 percent or 30 percent will be assigned under the appropriate diagnostic code for the specific residual preceded by the diagnostic code for tuberculosis of the body part affected. For example, tuberculosis of the hipjoint with residual ankylosis would be coded 5001-5250.
The graduated ratings for nonpulmonary tuberculosis will not be combined with residuals of nonpulmonary tuberculosis unless the graduated rating and the rating for residual disability cover separate functional losses, e.g., graduated ratings for tuberculosis of the kidney and residuals of tuberculosis of the spine. Where there are existing pulmonary and nonpulmonary conditions, the graduated evaluation for the pulmonary, or for the nonpulmonary, condition will be utilized, combined with evaluations for residuals of the condition not covered by the graduated evaluation utilized, so as to provide the higher evaluation over such period.
The ending dates of all graduated ratings of nonpulmonary tuberculosis will be controlled by the date of attainment of inactivity.
These ratings are applicable only to veterans with nonpulmonary tuberculosis active on or after October 10, 1949.
[29 FR 6718, May 22, 1964, as amended at 34 FR 5062, Mar. 11, 1969; 43 FR 45361, Oct. 2, 1978]
(a) Rating coexisting respiratory conditions. Ratings under diagnostic codes 6600 through 6817 and 6822 through 6847 will not be combined with each other. Where there is lung or pleural involvement, ratings under diagnostic codes 6819 and 6820 will not be combined with each other or with diagnostic codes 6600 through 6817 or 6822 through 6847. A single rating will be assigned under the diagnostic code which reflects the predominant disability with elevation to the next higher evaluation where the severity of the overall disability warrants such elevation. However, in cases protected by the provisions of Pub. L. 90-493, the graduated ratings of 50 and 30 percent for inactive tuberculosis will not be elevated.
(b) Rating “protected” tuberculosis cases. Public Law 90-493 repealed section 356 of title 38, United States Code which had provided graduated ratings for inactive tuberculosis. The repealed section, however, still applies to the case of any veteran who on August 19, 1968, was receiving or entitled to receive compensation for tuberculosis. The use of the protective provisions of Pub. L. 90-493 should be mentioned in the discussion portion of all ratings in which these provisions are applied. For application in rating cases in which the protective provisions of Pub. L. 90-493 apply the former evaluations pertaining to pulmonary tuberculosis are retained in §4.97.
(c) Special monthly compensation. When evaluating any claim involving complete organic aphonia, refer to §3.350 of this chapter to determine whether the veteran may be entitled to special monthly compensation. Footnotes in the schedule indicate conditions which potentially establish entitlement to special monthly compensation; however, there are other conditions in this section which under certain circumstances also establish entitlement to special monthly compensation.
(d) Special provisions for the application of evaluation criteria for diagnostic codes 6600, 6603, 6604, 6825-6833, and 6840-6845. (1) Pulmonary function tests (PFT's) are required to evaluate these conditions except:
(i) When the results of a maximum exercise capacity test are of record and are 20 ml/kg/min or less. If a maximum exercise capacity test is not of record, evaluate based on alternative criteria.
(ii) When pulmonary hypertension (documented by an echocardiogram or cardiac catheterization), cor pulmonale, or right ventricular hypertrophy has been diagnosed.
(iii) When there have been one or more episodes of acute respiratory failure.
(iv) When outpatient oxygen therapy is required.
(2) If the DLCO (SB) (Diffusion Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide by the Single Breath Method) test is not of record, evaluate based on alternative criteria as long as the examiner states why the test would not be useful or valid in a particular case.
(3) When the PFT's are not consistent with clinical findings, evaluate based on the PFT's unless the examiner states why they are not a valid indication of respiratory functional impairment in a particular case.
(4) Post-bronchodilator studies are required when PFT's are done for disability evaluation purposes except when the results of pre-bronchodilator pulmonary function tests are normal or when the examiner determines that post-bronchodilator studies should not be done and states why.
(5) When evaluating based on PFT's, use post-bronchodilator results in applying the evaluation criteria in the rating schedule unless the post-bronchodilator results were poorer than the pre-bronchodilator results. In those cases, use the pre-bronchodilator values for rating purposes.
(6) When there is a disparity between the results of different PFT's (FEV-1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in one second), FVC (Forced Vital Capacity), etc.), so that the level of evaluation would differ depending on which test result is used, use the test result that the examiner states most accurately reflects the level of disability.
(7) If the FEV-1 and the FVC are both greater than 100 percent, do not assign a compensable evaluation based on a decreased FEV-1/FVC ratio.
[34 FR 5062, Mar. 11, 1969, as amended at 61 FR 46727, Sept. 5, 1996; 71 FR 52459, Sept. 6, 2006]
DISEASES OF THE NOSE AND THROAT
6502 Septum, nasal, deviation of:
Traumatic only,
With 50-percent obstruction of the nasal passage on both sides or complete obstruction on one side 10
6504 Nose, loss of part of, or scars:
Exposing both nasal passages 30
Loss of part of one ala, or other obvious disfigurement 10
Note: Or evaluate as DC 7800, scars, disfiguring, head, face, or neck.
6510 Sinusitis, pansinusitis, chronic.
6511 Sinusitis, ethmoid, chronic.
6512 Sinusitis, frontal, chronic.
6513 Sinusitis, maxillary, chronic.
6514 Sinusitis, sphenoid, chronic.
General Rating Formula for Sinusitis (DC's 6510 through 6514):
Following radical surgery with chronic osteomyelitis, or; near constant sinusitis characterized by headaches, pain and tenderness of affected sinus, and purulent discharge or crusting after repeated surgeries 50
Three or more incapacitating episodes per year of sinusitis requiring prolonged (lasting four to six weeks) antibiotic treatment, or; more than six non-incapacitating episodes per year of sinusitis characterized by headaches, pain, and purulent discharge or crusting 30
One or two incapacitating episodes per year of sinusitis requiring prolonged (lasting four to six weeks) antibiotic treatment, or; three to six non-incapacitating episodes per year of sinusitis characterized by headaches, pain, and purulent discharge or crusting 10
Detected by X-ray only 0
Note: An incapacitating episode of sinusitis means one that requires bed rest and treatment by a physician.
6515 Laryngitis, tuberculous, active or inactive.
Rate under §§4.88c or 4.89, whichever is appropriate.
6516 Laryngitis, chronic:
Hoarseness, with thickening or nodules of cords, polyps, submucous infiltration, or pre-malignant changes on biopsy 30
Hoarseness, with inflammation of cords or mucous membrane 10
6518 Laryngectomy, total. 1100
Rate the residuals of partial laryngectomy as laryngitis (DC 6516), aphonia (DC 6519), or stenosis of larynx (DC 6520).
6519 Aphonia, complete organic:
Constant inability to communicate by speech 1100
Constant inability to speak above a whisper 60
Note: Evaluate incomplete aphonia as laryngitis, chronic (DC 6516).
6520 Larynx, stenosis of, including residuals of laryngeal trauma (unilateral or bilateral):
Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV-1) less than 40 percent of predicted value, with Flow-Volume Loop compatible with upper airway obstruction, or; permanent tracheostomy 100
FEV-1 of 40- to 55-percent predicted, with Flow-Volume Loop compatible with upper airway obstruction 60
Note: Or evaluate as aphonia (DC 6519).
6521 Pharynx, injuries to:
Stricture or obstruction of pharynx or nasopharynx, or; absence of soft palate secondary to trauma, chemical burn, or granulomatous disease, or; paralysis of soft palate with swallowing difficulty (nasal regurgitation) and speech impairment 50
6522 Allergic or vasomotor rhinitis:
With polyps 30
Without polyps, but with greater than 50-percent obstruction of nasal passage on both sides or complete obstruction on one side 10
6523 Bacterial rhinitis:
Rhinoscleroma 50
With permanent hypertrophy of turbinates and with greater than 50-percent obstruction of nasal passage on both sides or complete obstruction on one side 10
6524 Granulomatous rhinitis:
Wegener's granulomatosis, lethal midline granuloma 100
Other types of granulomatous infection 20
DISEASES OF THE TRACHEA AND BRONCHI
6600 Bronchitis, chronic:
FEV-1 less than 40 percent of predicted value, or; the ratio of Forced Expiratory Volume in one second to Forced Vital Capacity (FEV-1/FVC) less than 40 percent, or; Diffusion Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide by the Single Breath Method (DLCO (SB)) less than 40-percent predicted, or; maximum exercise capacity less than 15 ml/kg/min oxygen consumption (with cardiac or respiratory limitation), or; cor pulmonale (right heart failure), or; right ventricular hypertrophy, or; pulmonary hypertension (shown by Echo or cardiac catheterization), or; episode(s) of acute respiratory failure, or; requires outpatient oxygen therapy 100
FEV-1 of 40- to 55-percent predicted, or; FEV-1/FVC of 40 to 55 percent, or; DLCO (SB) of 40- to 55-percent predicted, or; maximum oxygen consumption of 15 to 20 ml/kg/min (with cardiorespiratory limit) 60
FEV-1 of 56- to 70-percent predicted, or; FEV-1/FVC of 56 to 70 percent, or; DLCO (SB) 56- to 65-percent predicted 30
6601 Bronchiectasis:
With incapacitating episodes of infection of at least six weeks total duration per year 100
With incapacitating episodes of infection of four to six weeks total duration per year, or; near constant findings of cough with purulent sputum associated with anorexia, weight loss, and frank hemoptysis and requiring antibiotic usage almost continuously 60
With incapacitating episodes of infection of two to four weeks total duration per year, or; daily productive cough with sputum that is at times purulent or blood-tinged and that requires prolonged (lasting four to six weeks) antibiotic usage more than twice a year 30
Intermittent productive cough with acute infection requiring a course of antibiotics at least twice a year 10
Or rate according to pulmonary impairment as for chronic bronchitis (DC 6600).
Note: An incapacitating episode is one that requires bedrest and treatment by a physician.
6602 Asthma, bronchial:
FEV-1 less than 40-percent predicted, or; FEV-1/FVC less than 40 percent, or; more than one attack per week with episodes of respiratory failure, or; requires daily use of systemic (oral or parenteral) high dose corticosteroids or immuno-suppressive medications 100
FEV-1 of 40- to 55-percent predicted, or; FEV-1/FVC of 40 to 55 percent, or; at least monthly visits to a physician for required care of exacerbations, or; intermittent (at least three per year) courses of systemic (oral or parenteral) corticosteroids 60
FEV-1 of 56- to 70-percent predicted, or; FEV-1/FVC of 56 to 70 percent, or; daily inhalational or oral bronchodilator therapy, or; inhalational anti-inflammatory medication 30
FEV-1 of 71- to 80-percent predicted, or; FEV-1/FVC of 71 to 80 percent, or; intermittent inhalational or oral bronchodilator therapy 10
Note: In the absence of clinical findings of asthma at time of examination, a verified history of asthmatic attacks must be of record.
6603 Emphysema, pulmonary:
FEV-1 less than 40 percent of predicted value, or; the ratio of Forced Expiratory Volume in one second to Forced Vital Capacity (FEV-1/FVC) less than 40 percent, or; Diffusion Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide by the Single Breath Method (DLCO (SB)) less than 40-percent predicted, or; maximum exercise capacity less than 15 ml/kg/min oxygen consumption (with cardiac or respiratory limitation), or; cor pulmonale (right heart failure), or; right ventricular hypertrophy, or; pulmonary hypertension (shown by Echo or cardiac catheterization), or; episode(s) of acute respiratory failure, or; requires outpatient oxygen therapy. 100
6604 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:
DISEASES OF THE LUNGS AND PLEURA—TUBERCULOSIS
Ratings for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Entitled on August 19, 1968
6701 Tuberculosis, pulmonary, chronic, far advanced, active 100
6702 Tuberculosis, pulmonary, chronic, moderately advanced, active 100
6703 Tuberculosis, pulmonary, chronic, minimal, active 100
6704 Tuberculosis, pulmonary, chronic, active, advancement unspecified 100
6721 Tuberculosis, pulmonary, chronic, far advanced, inactive
6722 Tuberculosis, pulmonary, chronic, moderately advanced, inactive
6723 Tuberculosis, pulmonary, chronic, minimal, inactive
6724 Tuberculosis, pulmonary, chronic, inactive, advancement unspecified
General Rating Formula for Inactive Pulmonary Tuberculosis: For two years after date of inactivity, following active tuberculosis, which was clinically identified during service or subsequently 100
Thereafter for four years, or in any event, to six years after date of inactivity 50
Thereafter, for five years, or to eleven years after date of inactivity 30
Following far advanced lesions diagnosed at any time while the disease process was active, minimum 30
Following moderately advanced lesions, provided there is continued disability, emphysema, dyspnea on exertion, impairment of health, etc 20
Otherwise 0
Note (1): The 100-percent rating under codes 6701 through 6724 is not subject to a requirement of precedent hospital treatment. It will be reduced to 50 percent for failure to submit to examination or to follow prescribed treatment upon report to that effect from the medical authorities. When a veteran is placed on the 100-percent rating for inactive tuberculosis, the medical authorities will be appropriately notified of the fact, and of the necessity, as given in footnote 1 to 38 U.S.C. 1156 (and formerly in 38 U.S.C. 356, which has been repealed by Public Law 90-493), to notify the Veterans Service Center in the event of failure to submit to examination or to follow treatment.
Note (2): The graduated 50-percent and 30-percent ratings and the permanent 30 percent and 20 percent ratings for inactive pulmonary tuberculosis are not to be combined with ratings for other respiratory disabilities. Following thoracoplasty the rating will be for removal of ribs combined with the rating for collapsed lung. Resection of the ribs incident to thoracoplasty will be rated as removal.
Ratings for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Initially Evaluated After August 19, 1968
6730 Tuberculosis, pulmonary, chronic, active 100
Note: Active pulmonary tuberculosis will be considered permanently and totally disabling for non-service-connected pension purposes in the following circumstances:
(a) Associated with active tuberculosis involving other than the respiratory system.
(b) With severe associated symptoms or with extensive cavity formation.
(c) Reactivated cases, generally.
(d) With advancement of lesions on successive examinations or while under treatment.
(e) Without retrogression of lesions or other evidence of material improvement at the end of six months hospitalization or without change of diagnosis from “active” at the end of 12 months hospitalization. Material improvement means lessening or absence of clinical symptoms, and X-ray findings of a stationary or retrogressive lesion.
6731 Tuberculosis, pulmonary, chronic, inactive:
Depending on the specific findings, rate residuals as interstitial lung disease, restrictive lung disease, or, when obstructive lung disease is the major residual, as chronic bronchitis (DC 6600). Rate thoracoplasty as removal of ribs under DC 5297.
Note: A mandatory examination will be requested immediately following notification that active tuberculosis evaluated under DC 6730 has become inactive. Any change in evaluation will be carried out under the provisions of §3.105(e).
6732 Pleurisy, tuberculous, active or inactive:
NONTUBERCULOUS DISEASES
6817 Pulmonary Vascular Disease:
Primary pulmonary hypertension, or; chronic pulmonary thromboembolism with evidence of pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, or cor pulmonale, or; pulmonary hypertension secondary to other obstructive disease of pulmonary arteries or veins with evidence of right ventricular hypertrophy or cor pulmonale 100
Chronic pulmonary thromboembolism requiring anticoagulant therapy, or; following inferior vena cava surgery without evidence of pulmonary hypertension or right ventricular dysfunction 60
Symptomatic, following resolution of acute pulmonary embolism 30
Asymptomatic, following resolution of pulmonary thromboembolism 0
Note: Evaluate other residuals following pulmonary embolism under the most appropriate diagnostic code, such as chronic bronchitis (DC 6600) or chronic pleural effusion or fibrosis (DC 6844), but do not combine that evaluation with any of the above evaluations.
6819 Neoplasms, malignant, any specified part of respiratory system exclusive of skin growths 100
Note: A rating of 100 percent shall continue beyond the cessation of any surgical, X-ray, antineoplastic chemotherapy or other therapeutic procedure. Six months after discontinuance of such treatment, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. If there has been no local recurrence or metastasis, rate on residuals.
6820 Neoplasms, benign, any specified part of respiratory system. Evaluate using an appropriate respiratory analogy.
Bacterial Infections of the Lung
6822 Actinomycosis.
6823 Nocardiosis.
6824 Chronic lung abscess.
General Rating Formula for Bacterial Infections of the Lung (diagnostic codes 6822 through 6824):
Active infection with systemic symptoms such as fever, night sweats, weight loss, or hemoptysis 100
Depending on the specific findings, rate residuals as interstitial lung disease, restrictive lung disease, or, when obstructive lung disease is the major residual, as chronic bronchitis (DC 6600).
6825 Diffuse interstitial fibrosis (interstitial pneumonitis, fibrosing alveolitis).
6826 Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis.
6827 Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.
6828 Eosinophilic granuloma of lung.
6829 Drug-induced pulmonary pneumonitis and fibrosis.
6830 Radiation-induced pulmonary pneumonitis and fibrosis.
6831 Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (extrinsic allergic alveolitis).
6832 Pneumoconiosis (silicosis, anthracosis, etc.).
6833 Asbestosis.
General Rating Formula for Interstitial Lung Disease (diagnostic codes 6825 through 6833):
Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) less than 50-percent predicted, or; Diffusion Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide by the Single Breath Method (DLCO (SB)) less than 40-percent predicted, or; maximum exercise capacity less than 15 ml/kg/min oxygen consumption with cardiorespiratory limitation, or; cor pulmonale or pulmonary hypertension, or; requires outpatient oxygen therapy 100
FVC of 50- to 64-percent predicted, or; DLCO (SB) of 40- to 55-percent predicted, or; maximum exercise capacity of 15 to 20 ml/kg/min oxygen consumption with cardiorespiratory limitation 60
FVC of 65- to 74-percent predicted, or; DLCO (SB) of 56- to 65-percent predicted 30
Mycotic Lung Disease
6834 Histoplasmosis of lung.
6835 Coccidioidomycosis.
6836 Blastomycosis.
6837 Cryptococcosis.
6838 Aspergillosis.
6839 Mucormycosis.
General Rating Formula for Mycotic Lung Disease (diagnostic codes 6834 through 6839):
Chronic pulmonary mycosis with persistent fever, weight loss, night sweats, or massive hemoptysis 100
Chronic pulmonary mycosis requiring suppressive therapy with no more than minimal symptoms such as occasional minor hemoptysis or productive cough 50
Chronic pulmonary mycosis with minimal symptoms such as occasional minor hemoptysis or productive cough 30
Healed and inactive mycotic lesions, asymptomatic 0
Note: Coccidioidomycosis has an incubation period up to 21 days, and the disseminated phase is ordinarily manifest within six months of the primary phase. However, there are instances of dissemination delayed up to many years after the initial infection which may have been unrecognized. Accordingly, when service connection is under consideration in the absence of record or other evidence of the disease in service, service in southwestern United States where the disease is endemic and absence of prolonged residence in this locality before or after service will be the deciding factor.
6840 Diaphragm paralysis or paresis.
6841 Spinal cord injury with respiratory insufficiency.
6842 Kyphoscoliosis, pectus excavatum, pectus carinatum.
6843 Traumatic chest wall defect, pneumothorax, hernia, etc.
6844 Post-surgical residual (lobectomy, pneumonectomy, etc.).
6845 Chronic pleural effusion or fibrosis.
General Rating Formula for Restrictive Lung Disease (diagnostic codes 6840 through 6845):
Or rate primary disorder.
Note (1): A 100-percent rating shall be assigned for pleurisy with empyema, with or without pleurocutaneous fistula, until resolved.
Note (2): Following episodes of total spontaneous pneumothorax, a rating of 100 percent shall be assigned as of the date of hospital admission and shall continue for three months from the first day of the month after hospital discharge.
Note (3): Gunshot wounds of the pleural cavity with bullet or missile retained in lung, pain or discomfort on exertion, or with scattered rales or some limitation of excursion of diaphragm or of lower chest expansion shall be rated at least 20-percent disabling. Disabling injuries of shoulder girdle muscles (Groups I to IV) shall be separately rated and combined with ratings for respiratory involvement. Involvement of Muscle Group XXI (DC 5321), however, will not be separately rated.
6846 Sarcoidosis:
Cor pulmonale, or; cardiac involvement with congestive heart failure, or; progressive pulmonary disease with fever, night sweats, and weight loss despite treatment 100
Pulmonary involvement requiring systemic high dose (therapeutic) corticosteroids for control 60
Pulmonary involvement with persistent symptoms requiring chronic low dose (maintenance) or intermittent corticosteroids 30
Chronic hilar adenopathy or stable lung infiltrates without symptoms or physiologic impairment 0
Or rate active disease or residuals as chronic bronchitis (DC 6600) and extra-pulmonary involvement under specific body system involved
6847 Sleep Apnea Syndromes (Obstructive, Central, Mixed):
Chronic respiratory failure with carbon dioxide retention or cor pulmonale, or; requires tracheostomy 100
Requires use of breathing assistance device such as continuous airway pressure (CPAP) machine 50
Persistent day-time hypersomnolence 30
Asymptomatic but with documented sleep disorder breathing 0
1Review for entitlement to special monthly compensation under §3.350 of this chapter.
[61 FR 46728, Sept. 5, 1996, as amended at 71 FR 28586, May 17, 2006]
(a) Whether or not cardiac hypertrophy or dilatation (documented by electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, or X-ray) is present and whether or not there is a need for continuous medication must be ascertained in all cases.
(b) Even if the requirement for a 10% (based on the need for continuous medication) or 30% (based on the presence of cardiac hypertrophy or dilatation) evaluation is met, METs testing is required in all cases except:
(1) When there is a medical contraindication.
(2) When the left ventricular ejection fraction has been measured and is 50% or less.
(3) When chronic congestive heart failure is present or there has been more than one episode of congestive heart failure within the past year.
(4) When a 100% evaluation can be assigned on another basis.
(c) If left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) testing is not of record, evaluate based on the alternative criteria unless the examiner states that the LVEF test is needed in a particular case because the available medical information does not sufficiently reflect the severity of the veteran's cardiovascular disability.
[71 FR 52460, Sept. 6, 2006]
Note (1): Evaluate cor pulmonale, which is a form of secondary heart disease, as part of the pulmonary condition that causes it.
Note (2): One MET (metabolic equivalent) is the energy cost of standing quietly at rest and represents an oxygen uptake of 3.5 milliliters per kilogram of body weight per minute. When the level of METs at which dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope develops is required for evaluation, and a laboratory determination of METs by exercise testing cannot be done for medical reasons, an estimation by a medical examiner of the level of activity (expressed in METs and supported by specific examples, such as slow stair climbing or shoveling snow) that results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope may be used.
7000 Valvular heart disease (including rheumatic heart disease):
During active infection with valvular heart damage and for three months following cessation of therapy for the active infection 100
Thereafter, with valvular heart disease (documented by findings on physical examination and either echocardiogram, Doppler echocardiogram, or cardiac catheterization) resulting in:
Chronic congestive heart failure, or; workload of 3 METs or less results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; left ventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of less than 30 percent 100
More than one episode of acute congestive heart failure in the past year, or; workload of greater than 3 METs but not greater than 5 METs results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; left ventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of 30 to 50 percent 60
Workload of greater than 5 METs but not greater than 7 METs results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; evidence of cardiac hypertrophy or dilatation on electro-cardiogram, echocardiogram, or X-ray 30
Workload of greater than 7 METs but not greater than 10 METs results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; continuous medication required 10
7001 Endocarditis:
For three months following cessation of therapy for active infection with cardiac involvement 100
Thereafter, with endocarditis (documented by findings on physical examination and either echocardiogram, Doppler echocardiogram, or cardiac catheterization) resulting in:
Workload of greater than 5 METs but not greater than 7 METs results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; evidence of cardiac hypertrophy or dilatation on electrocardiogram, echocardiogram, or X-ray 30
7002 Pericarditis:
Thereafter, with documented pericarditis resulting in:
Chronic congestive heart failure, or; workload of 3 METs or less results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; left ventricular dysfunction with an ejection fraction of less than 30 percent. 100
7003 Pericardial adhesions:
7004 Syphilitic heart disease:
Note: Evaluate syphilitic aortic aneurysms under DC 7110 (aortic aneurysm).
7005 Arteriosclerotic heart disease (Coronary artery disease):
With documented coronary artery disease resulting in:
Note: If nonservice-connected arteriosclerotic heart disease is superimposed on service-connected valvular or other non-arteriosclerotic heart disease, request a medical opinion as to which condition is causing the current signs and symptoms.
7006 Myocardial infarction:
During and for three months following myocardial infarction, documented by laboratory tests 100
Thereafter:
With history of documented myocardial infarction, resulting in:
7007 Hypertensive heart disease:
7008 Hyperthyroid heart disease. Rate under the appropriate cardiovascular diagnostic code, depending on particular findings.
7010 Supraventricular arrhythmias:
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or other supraventricular tachycardia, with more than four episodes per year documented by ECG or Holter monitor 30
Permanent atrial fibrillation (lone atrial fibrillation), or; one to four episodes per year of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation or other supraventricular tachycardia documented by ECG or Holter monitor 10
7011 Ventricular arrhythmias (sustained):
For indefinite period from date of hospital admission for initial evaluation and medical therapy for a sustained ventricular arrhythmia, or; for indefinite period from date of hospital admission for ventricular aneurysmectomy, or; with an automatic implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (AICD) in place 100
Note: A rating of 100 percent shall be assigned from the date of hospital admission for initial evaluation and medical therapy for a sustained ventricular arrhythmia or for ventricular aneurysmectomy. Six months following discharge, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter.
7015 Atrioventricular block:
Workload of greater than 7 METs but not greater than 10 METs results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; continuous medication or a pacemaker required 10
Note: Unusual cases of arrhythmia such as atrioventricular block associated with a supraventricular arrhythmia or pathological bradycardia should be submitted to the Director, Compensation Service. Simple delayed P-R conduction time, in the absence of other evidence of cardiac disease, is not a disability.
7016 Heart valve replacement (prosthesis):
For indefinite period following date of hospital admission for valve replacement 100
Note: A rating of 100 percent shall be assigned as of the date of hospital admission for valve replacement. Six months following discharge, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter.
7017 Coronary bypass surgery:
For three months following hospital admission for surgery 100
Workload greater than 7 METs but not greater than 10 METs results in dyspnea, fatigue, angina, dizziness, or syncope, or; continuous medication required 10
7018 Implantable cardiac pacemakers:
For two months following hospital admission for implantation or reimplantation 100
Evaluate as supraventricular arrhythmias (DC 7010), ventricular arrhythmias (DC 7011), or atrioventricular block (DC 7015). Minimum 10
Note: Evaluate implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators (AICD's) under DC 7011.
7019 Cardiac transplantation:
For an indefinite period from date of hospital admission for cardiac transplantation 100
Note: A rating of 100 percent shall be assigned as of the date of hospital admission for cardiac transplantation. One year following discharge, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter.
7020 Cardiomyopathy:
Diseases of the Arteries and Veins
7101 Hypertensive vascular disease (hypertension and isolated systolic hypertension):
Diastolic pressure predominantly 130 or more 60
Diastolic pressure predominantly 110 or more, or; systolic pressure predominantly 200 or more 20
Diastolic pressure predominantly 100 or more, or; systolic pressure predominantly 160 or more, or; minimum evaluation for an individual with a history of diastolic pressure predominantly 100 or more who requires continuous medication for control 10
Note (1): Hypertension or isolated systolic hypertension must be confirmed by readings taken two or more times on at least three different days. For purposes of this section, the term hypertension means that the diastolic blood pressure is predominantly 90mm. or greater, and isolated systolic hypertension means that the systolic blood pressure is predominantly 160mm. or greater with a diastolic blood pressure of less than 90mm.
Note (2): Evaluate hypertension due to aortic insufficiency or hyperthyroidism, which is usually the isolated systolic type, as part of the condition causing it rather than by a separate evaluation.
Note (3): Evaluate hypertension separately from hypertensive heart disease and other types of heart disease.
7110 Aortic aneurysm:
If five centimeters or larger in diameter, or; if symptomatic, or; for indefinite period from date of hospital admission for surgical correction (including any type of graft insertion) 100
Precluding exertion 60
Evaluate residuals of surgical correction according to organ systems affected.
Note: A rating of 100 percent shall be assigned as of the date of admission for surgical correction. Six months following discharge, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter.
7111 Aneurysm, any large artery:
If symptomatic, or; for indefinite period from date of hospital admission for surgical correction 100
Following surgery:
Ischemic limb pain at rest, and; either deep ischemic ulcers or ankle/brachial index of 0.4 or less 100
Claudication on walking less than 25 yards on a level grade at 2 miles per hour, and; persistent coldness of the extremity, one or more deep ischemic ulcers, or ankle/brachial index of 0.5 or less 60
Claudication on walking between 25 and 100 yards on a level grade at 2 miles per hour, and; trophic changes (thin skin, absence of hair, dystrophic nails) or ankle/brachial index of 0.7 or less 40
Claudication on walking more than 100 yards, and; diminished peripheral pulses or ankle/brachial index of 0.9 or less 20
Note (1): The ankle/brachial index is the ratio of the systolic blood pressure at the ankle (determined by Doppler study) divided by the simultaneous brachial artery systolic blood pressure. The normal index is 1.0 or greater.
Note (2): These evaluations are for involvement of a single extremity. If more than one extremity is affected, evaluate each extremity separately and combine (under §4.25), using the bilateral factor, if applicable.
Note (3): A rating of 100 percent shall be assigned as of the date of hospital admission for surgical correction. Six months following discharge, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter.
7112 Aneurysm, any small artery:
Asymptomatic 0
Note: If symptomatic, evaluate according to body system affected. Following surgery, evaluate residuals under the body system affected.
7113 Arteriovenous fistula, traumatic:
With high output heart failure 100
Without heart failure but with enlarged heart, wide pulse pressure, and tachycardia 60
Without cardiac involvement but with edema, stasis dermatitis, and either ulceration or cellulitis:
Lower extremity 50
Upper extremity 40
With edema or stasis dermatitis:
7114 Arteriosclerosis obliterans:
Claudication on walking less than 25 yards on a level grade at 2 miles per hour, and; either persistent coldness of the extremity or ankle/brachial index of 0.5 or less 60
Note (2): Evaluate residuals of aortic and large arterial bypass surgery or arterial graft as arteriosclerosis obliterans.
Note (3): These evaluations are for involvement of a single extremity. If more than one extremity is affected, evaluate each extremity separately and combine (under §4.25), using the bilateral factor (§4.26), if applicable.
7115 Thrombo-angiitis obliterans (Buerger's Disease):
7117 Raynaud's syndrome:
With two or more digital ulcers plus autoamputation of one or more digits and history of characteristic attacks 100
With two or more digital ulcers and history of characteristic attacks 60
Characteristic attacks occurring at least daily 40
Characteristic attacks occurring four to six times a week 20
Characteristic attacks occurring one to three times a week 10
Note: For purposes of this section, characteristic attacks consist of sequential color changes of the digits of one or more extremities lasting minutes to hours, sometimes with pain and paresthesias, and precipitated by exposure to cold or by emotional upsets. These evaluations are for the disease as a whole, regardless of the number of extremities involved or whether the nose and ears are involved.
7118 Angioneurotic edema:
Attacks without laryngeal involvement lasting one to seven days or longer and occurring more than eight times a year, or; attacks with laryngeal involvement of any duration occurring more than twice a year 40
Attacks without laryngeal involvement lasting one to seven days and occurring five to eight times a year, or; attacks with laryngeal involvement of any duration occurring once or twice a year 20
Attacks without laryngeal involvement lasting one to seven days and occurring two to four times a year 10
7119 Erythromelalgia:
Characteristic attacks that occur more than once a day, last an average of more than two hours each, respond poorly to treatment, and that restrict most routine daily activities 100
Characteristic attacks that occur more than once a day, last an average of more than two hours each, and respond poorly to treatment, but that do not restrict most routine daily activities 60
Characteristic attacks that occur daily or more often but that respond to treatment 30
Characteristic attacks that occur less than daily but at least three times a week and that respond to treatment 10
Note: For purposes of this section, a characteristic attack of erythromelalgia consists of burning pain in the hands, feet, or both, usually bilateral and symmetrical, with increased skin temperature and redness, occurring at warm ambient temperatures. These evaluations are for the disease as a whole, regardless of the number of extremities involved.
7120 Varicose veins:
With the following findings attributed to the effects of varicose veins: Massive board-like edema with constant pain at rest 100
Persistent edema or subcutaneous induration, stasis pigmentation or eczema, and persistent ulceration 60
Persistent edema and stasis pigmentation or eczema, with or without intermittent ulceration 40
Persistent edema, incompletely relieved by elevation of extremity, with or without beginning stasis pigmentation or eczema 20
Intermittent edema of extremity or aching and fatigue in leg after prolonged standing or walking, with symptoms relieved by elevation of extremity or compression hosiery 10
Asymptomatic palpable or visible varicose veins 0
Note: These evaluations are for involvement of a single extremity. If more than one extremity is involved, evaluate each extremity separately and combine (under §4.25), using the bilateral factor (§4.26), if applicable.
7121 Post-phlebitic syndrome of any etiology:
With the following findings attributed to venous disease:
Massive board-like edema with constant pain at rest 100
7122 Cold injury residuals:
With the following in affected parts:
Arthralgia or other pain, numbness, or cold sensitivity plus two or more of the following: tissue loss, nail abnormalities, color changes, locally impaired sensation, hyperhidrosis, X-ray abnormalities (osteoporosis, subarticular punched out lesions, or osteoarthritis) 30
Arthralgia or other pain, numbness, or cold sensitivity plus tissue loss, nail abnormalities, color changes, locally impaired sensation, hyperhidrosis, or X-ray abnormalities (osteoporosis, subarticular punched out lesions, or osteoarthritis) 20
Arthralgia or other pain, numbness, or cold sensitivity 10
Note (1): Separately evaluate amputations of fingers or toes, and complications such as squamous cell carcinoma at the site of a cold injury scar or peripheral neuropathy, under other diagnostic codes. Separately evaluate other disabilities that have been diagnosed as the residual effects of cold injury, such as Raynaud's phenomenon, muscle atrophy, etc., unless they are used to support an evaluation under diagnostic code 7122.
Note (2): Evaluate each affected part (e.g., hand, foot, ear, nose) separately and combine the ratings in accordance with §§4.25 and 4.26.
7123 Soft tissue sarcoma (of vascular origin) 100
[62 FR 65219, Dec. 11, 1997, as amended at 63 FR 37779, July 14, 1998; 71 FR 52460, Sept. 6, 2006; 79 FR 2100, Jan. 13, 2014; 82 FR 50804, Nov. 2, 2017]
Experience has shown that the term “peptic ulcer” is not sufficiently specific for rating purposes. Manifest differences in ulcers of the stomach or duodenum in comparison with those at an anastomotic stoma are sufficiently recognized as to warrant two separate graduated descriptions. In evaluating the ulcer, care should be taken that the findings adequately identify the particular location.
There are various postgastrectomy symptoms which may occur following anastomotic operations of the stomach. When present, those occurring during or immediately after eating and known as the “dumping syndrome” are characterized by gastrointestinal complaints and generalized symptoms simulating hypoglycemia; those occurring from 1 to 3 hours after eating usually present definite manifestations of hypoglycemia.
For purposes of evaluating conditions in §4.114, the term “substantial weight loss” means a loss of greater than 20 percent of the individual's baseline weight, sustained for three months or longer; and the term “minor weight loss” means a weight loss of 10 to 20 percent of the individual's baseline weight, sustained for three months or longer. The term “inability to gain weight” means that there has been substantial weight loss with inability to regain it despite appropriate therapy. “Baseline weight” means the average weight for the two-year-period preceding onset of the disease.
There are diseases of the digestive system, particularly within the abdomen, which, while differing in the site of pathology, produce a common disability picture characterized in the main by varying degrees of abdominal distress or pain, anemia and disturbances in nutrition. Consequently, certain coexisting diseases in this area, as indicated in the instruction under the title “Diseases of the Digestive System,” do not lend themselves to distinct and separate disability evaluations without violating the fundamental principle relating to pyramiding as outlined in §4.14.
Ratings under diagnostic codes 7301 to 7329, inclusive, 7331, 7342, and 7345 to 7348 inclusive will not be combined with each other. A single evaluation will be assigned under the diagnostic code which reflects the predominant disability picture, with elevation to the next higher evaluation where the severity of the overall disability warrants such elevation.
7200 Mouth, injuries of.
Rate as for disfigurement and impairment of function of mastication.
7201 Lips, injuries of.
Rate as for disfigurement of face.
7202 Tongue, loss of whole or part:
With inability to communicate by speech 100
One-half or more 60
With marked speech impairment 30
7203 Esophagus, stricture of:
Permitting passage of liquids only, with marked impairment of general health 80
Severe, permitting liquids only 50
7204 Esophagus, spasm of (cardiospasm).
If not amenable to dilation, rate as for the degree of obstruction (stricture).
7205 Esophagus, diverticulum of, acquired.
Rate as for obstruction (stricture).
7301 Peritoneum, adhesions of:
Severe; definite partial obstruction shown by X-ray, with frequent and prolonged episodes of severe colic distension, nausea or vomiting, following severe peritonitis, ruptured appendix, perforated ulcer, or operation with drainage 50
Moderately severe; partial obstruction manifested by delayed motility of barium meal and less frequent and less prolonged episodes of pain 30
Moderate; pulling pain on attempting work or aggravated by movements of the body, or occasional episodes of colic pain, nausea, constipation (perhaps alternating with diarrhea) or abdominal distension 10
Mild 0
Note: Ratings for adhesions will be considered when there is history of operative or other traumatic or infectious (intraabdominal) process, and at least two of the following: disturbance of motility, actual partial obstruction, reflex disturbances, presence of pain.
7304 Ulcer, gastric.
7305 Ulcer, duodenal:
Severe; pain only partially relieved by standard ulcer therapy, periodic vomiting, recurrent hematemesis or melena, with manifestations of anemia and weight loss productive of definite impairment of health 60
Moderately severe; less than severe but with impairment of health manifested by anemia and weight loss; or recurrent incapacitating episodes averaging 10 days or more in duration at least four or more times a year 40
Moderate; recurring episodes of severe symptoms two or three times a year averaging 10 days in duration; or with continuous moderate manifestations 20
Mild; with recurring symptoms once or twice yearly 10
7306 Ulcer, marginal (gastrojejunal):
Pronounced; periodic or continuous pain unrelieved by standard ulcer therapy with periodic vomiting, recurring melena or hematemesis, and weight loss. Totally incapacitating 100
Severe; same as pronounced with less pronounced and less continuous symptoms with definite impairment of health 60
Moderately severe; intercurrent episodes of abdominal pain at least once a month partially or completely relieved by ulcer therapy, mild and transient episodes of vomiting or melena 40
Moderate; with episodes of recurring symptoms several times a year 20
Mild; with brief episodes of recurring symptoms once or twice yearly 10
7307 Gastritis, hypertrophic (identified by gastroscope):
Chronic; with severe hemorrhages, or large ulcerated or eroded areas 60
Chronic; with multiple small eroded or ulcerated areas, and symptoms 30
Chronic; with small nodular lesions, and symptoms 10
Gastritis, atrophic.
A complication of a number of diseases, including pernicious anemia.
Rate the underlying condition.
7308 Postgastrectomy syndromes:
Severe; associated with nausea, sweating, circulatory disturbance after meals, diarrhea, hypoglycemic symptoms, and weight loss with malnutrition and anemia 60
Moderate; less frequent episodes of epigastric disorders with characteristic mild circulatory symptoms after meals but with diarrhea and weight loss 40
Mild; infrequent episodes of epigastric distress with characteristic mild circulatory symptoms or continuous mild manifestations 20
7309 Stomach, stenosis of.
Rate as for gastric ulcer.
7310 Stomach, injury of, residuals.
Rate as peritoneal adhesions.
7311 Residuals of injury of the liver:
Depending on the specific residuals, separately evaluate as adhesions of peritoneum (diagnostic code 7301), cirrhosis of liver (diagnostic code 7312), and chronic liver disease without cirrhosis (diagnostic code 7345).
7312 Cirrhosis of the liver, primary biliary cirrhosis, or cirrhotic phase of sclerosing cholangitis:
Generalized weakness, substantial weight loss, and persistent jaundice, or; with one of the following refractory to treatment: ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, hemorrhage from varices or portal gastropathy (erosive gastritis) 100
History of two or more episodes of ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, or hemorrhage from varices or portal gastropathy (erosive gastritis), but with periods of remission between attacks 70
History of one episode of ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, or hemorrhage from varices or portal gastropathy (erosive gastritis) 50
Portal hypertension and splenomegaly, with weakness, anorexia, abdominal pain, malaise, and at least minor weight loss 30
Symptoms such as weakness, anorexia, abdominal pain, and malaise 10
Note: For evaluation under diagnostic code 7312, documentation of cirrhosis (by biopsy or imaging) and abnormal liver function tests must be present.
7314 Cholecystitis, chronic:
Severe; frequent attacks of gall bladder colic 30
Moderate; gall bladder dyspepsia, confirmed by X-ray technique, and with infrequent attacks (not over two or three a year) of gall bladder colic, with or without jaundice 10
7315 Cholelithiasis, chronic.
Rate as for chronic cholecystitis.
7316 Cholangitis, chronic.
7317 Gall bladder, injury of.
Rate as for peritoneal adhesions.
7318 Gall bladder, removal of:
With severe symptoms 30
With mild symptoms 10
Nonsymptomatic 0
Spleen, disease or injury of.
See Hemic and Lymphatic Systems.
7319 Irritable colon syndrome (spastic colitis, mucous colitis, etc.):
Severe; diarrhea, or alternating diarrhea and constipation, with more or less constant abdominal distress 30
Moderate; frequent episodes of bowel disturbance with abdominal distress 10
Mild; disturbances of bowel function with occasional episodes of abdominal distress 0
7321 Amebiasis:
Mild gastrointestinal disturbances, lower abdominal cramps, nausea, gaseous distention, chronic constipation interrupted by diarrhea 10
Note: Amebiasis with or without liver abscess is parallel in symptomatology with ulcerative colitis and should be rated on the scale provided for the latter. Similarly, lung abscess due to amebiasis will be rated under the respiratory system schedule, diagnostic code 6809.
7322 Dysentery, bacillary.
Rate as for ulcerative colitis.
7323 Colitis, ulcerative:
Pronounced; resulting in marked malnutrition, anemia, and general debility, or with serious complication as liver abscess 100
Severe; with numerous attacks a year and malnutrition, the health only fair during remissions 60
Moderately severe; with frequent exacerbations 30
Moderate; with infrequent exacerbations 10
7324 Distomiasis, intestinal or hepatic:
Severe symptoms 30
Moderate symptoms 10
Mild or no symptoms 0
7325 Enteritis, chronic.
Rate as for irritable colon syndrome.
7326 Enterocolitis, chronic.
7327 Diverticulitis.
Rate as for irritable colon syndrome, peritoneal adhesions, or colitis, ulcerative, depending upon the predominant disability picture.
7328 Intestine, small, resection of:
With marked interference with absorption and nutrition, manifested by severe impairment of health objectively supported by examination findings including material weight loss 60
With definite interference with absorption and nutrition, manifested by impairment of health objectively supported by examination findings including definite weight loss 40
Symptomatic with diarrhea, anemia and inability to gain weight 20
Note: Where residual adhesions constitute the predominant disability, rate under diagnostic code 7301.
7329 Intestine, large, resection of:
With severe symptoms, objectively supported by examination findings 40
With moderate symptoms 20
With slight symptoms 10
7330 Intestine, fistula of, persistent, or after attempt at operative closure:
Copious and frequent, fecal discharge 100
Constant or frequent, fecal discharge 60
Slight infrequent, fecal discharge 30
Healed; rate for peritoneal adhesions.
7331 Peritonitis, tuberculous, active or inactive:
7332 Rectum and anus, impairment of sphincter control:
Complete loss of sphincter control 100
Extensive leakage and fairly frequent involuntary bowel movements 60
Occasional involuntary bowel movements, necessitating wearing of pad 30
Constant slight, or occasional moderate leakage 10
Healed or slight, without leakage 0
7333 Rectum and anus, stricture of:
Requiring colostomy 100
Great reduction of lumen, or extensive leakage 50
Moderate reduction of lumen, or moderate constant leakage 30
7334 Rectum, prolapse of:
Severe (or complete), persistent 50
Moderate, persistent or frequently recurring 30
Mild with constant slight or occasional moderate leakage 10
7335 Ano, fistula in.
Rate as for impairment of sphincter control.
7336 Hemorrhoids, external or internal:
With persistent bleeding and with secondary anemia, or with fissures 20
Large or thrombotic, irreducible, with excessive redundant tissue, evidencing frequent recurrences 10
Mild or moderate 0
7337 Pruritus ani.
Rate for the underlying condition.
7338 Hernia, inguinal:
Large, postoperative, recurrent, not well supported under ordinary conditions and not readily reducible, when considered inoperable 60
Small, postoperative recurrent, or unoperated irremediable, not well supported by truss, or not readily reducible 30
Postoperative recurrent, readily reducible and well supported by truss or belt 10
Not operated, but remediable 0
Small, reducible, or without true hernia protrusion 0
Note: Add 10 percent for bilateral involvement, provided the second hernia is compensable. This means that the more severely disabling hernia is to be evaluated, and 10 percent, only, added for the second hernia, if the latter is of compensable degree.
7339 Hernia, ventral, postoperative:
Massive, persistent, severe diastasis of recti muscles or extensive diffuse destruction or weakening of muscular and fascial support of abdominal wall so as to be inoperable 100
Large, not well supported by belt under ordinary conditions 40
Small, not well supported by belt under ordinary conditions, or healed ventral hernia or post-operative wounds with weakening of abdominal wall and indication for a supporting belt 20
Wounds, postoperative, healed, no disability, belt not indicated 0
7340 Hernia, femoral.
Rate as for inguinal hernia.
7342 Visceroptosis, symptomatic, marked 10
7343 Malignant neoplasms of the digestive system, exclusive of skin growths 100
7344 Benign neoplasms, exclusive of skin growths:
Evaluate under an appropriate diagnostic code, depending on the predominant disability or the specific residuals after treatment.
7345 Chronic liver disease without cirrhosis (including hepatitis B, chronic active hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, hemochromatosis, drug-induced hepatitis, etc., but excluding bile duct disorders and hepatitis C):
Near-constant debilitating symptoms (such as fatigue, malaise, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, arthralgia, and right upper quadrant pain) 100
Daily fatigue, malaise, and anorexia, with substantial weight loss (or other indication of malnutrition), and hepatomegaly, or; incapacitating episodes (with symptoms such as fatigue, malaise, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, arthralgia, and right upper quadrant pain) having a total duration of at least six weeks during the past 12-month period, but not occurring constantly 60
Daily fatigue, malaise, and anorexia, with minor weight loss and hepatomegaly, or; incapacitating episodes (with symptoms such as fatigue, malaise, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, arthralgia, and right upper quadrant pain) having a total duration of at least four weeks, but less than six weeks, during the past 12-month period 40
Daily fatigue, malaise, and anorexia (without weight loss or hepatomegaly), requiring dietary restriction or continuous medication, or; incapacitating episodes (with symptoms such as fatigue, malaise, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, arthralgia, and right upper quadrant pain) having a total duration of at least two weeks, but less than four weeks, during the past 12-month period 20
Intermittent fatigue, malaise, and anorexia, or; incapacitating episodes (with symptoms such as fatigue, malaise, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, arthralgia, and right upper quadrant pain) having a total duration of at least one week, but less than two weeks, during the past 12-month period 10
Note (1): Evaluate sequelae, such as cirrhosis or malignancy of the liver, under an appropriate diagnostic code, but do not use the same signs and symptoms as the basis for evaluation under DC 7354 and under a diagnostic code for sequelae. (See §4.14.).
Note (2): For purposes of evaluating conditions under diagnostic code 7345, “incapacitating episode” means a period of acute signs and symptoms severe enough to require bed rest and treatment by a physician.
Note (3): Hepatitis B infection must be confirmed by serologic testing in order to evaluate it under diagnostic code 7345.
7346 Hernia hiatal:
Symptoms of pain, vomiting, material weight loss and hematemesis or melena with moderate anemia; or other symptom combinations productive of severe impairment of health 60
Persistently recurrent epigastric distress with dysphagia, pyrosis, and regurgitation, accompanied by substernal or arm or shoulder pain, productive of considerable impairment of health 30
With two or more of the symptoms for the 30 percent evaluation of less severity 10
7347 Pancreatitis:
With frequently recurrent disabling attacks of abdominal pain with few pain free intermissions and with steatorrhea, malabsorption, diarrhea and severe malnutrition 100
With frequent attacks of abdominal pain, loss of normal body weight and other findings showing continuing pancreatic insufficiency between acute attacks 60
Moderately severe; with at least 4-7 typical attacks of abdominal pain per year with good remission between attacks 30
With at least one recurring attack of typical severe abdominal pain in the past year 10
Note 1: Abdominal pain in this condition must be confirmed as resulting from pancreatitis by appropriate laboratory and clinical studies.
Note 2: Following total or partial pancreatectomy, rate under above, symptoms, minimum rating 30 percent.
7348 Vagotomy with pyloroplasty or gastroenterostomy:
Followed by demonstrably confirmative postoperative complications of stricture or continuing gastric retention 40
With symptoms and confirmed diagnosis of alkaline gastritis, or of confirmed persisting diarrhea 30
Recurrent ulcer with incomplete vagotomy 20
Note: Rate recurrent ulcer following complete vagotomy under diagnostic code 7305, minimum rating 20 percent; and rate dumping syndrome under diagnostic code 7308.
7351 Liver transplant:
For an indefinite period from the date of hospital admission for transplant surgery 100
Note: A rating of 100 percent shall be assigned as of the date of hospital admission for transplant surgery and shall continue. One year following discharge, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter.
7354 Hepatitis C (or non-A, non-B hepatitis):
With serologic evidence of hepatitis C infection and the following signs and symptoms due to hepatitis C infection:
[29 FR 6718, May 22, 1964, as amended at 34 FR 5063, Mar. 11, 1969; 40 FR 42540, Sept. 15, 1975; 41 FR 11301, Mar. 18, 1976; 66 FR 29488, May 31, 2001]
Albuminuria alone is not nephritis, nor will the presence of transient albumin and casts following acute febrile illness be taken as nephritis. The glomerular type of nephritis is usually preceded by or associated with severe infectious disease; the onset is sudden, and the course marked by red blood cells, salt retention, and edema; it may clear up entirely or progress to a chronic condition. The nephrosclerotic type, originating in hypertension or arteriosclerosis, develops slowly, with minimum laboratory findings, and is associated with natural progress. Separate ratings are not to be assigned for disability from disease of the heart and any form of nephritis, on account of the close interrelationships of cardiovascular disabilities. If, however, absence of a kidney is the sole renal disability, even if removal was required because of nephritis, the absent kidney and any hypertension or heart disease will be separately rated. Also, in the event that chronic renal disease has progressed to the point where regular dialysis is required, any coexisting hypertension or heart disease will be separately rated.
[41 FR 34258, Aug. 13, 1976, as amended at 59 FR 2527, Jan. 18, 1994]
Diseases of the genitourinary system generally result in disabilities related to renal or voiding dysfunctions, infections, or a combination of these. The following section provides descriptions of various levels of disability in each of these symptom areas. Where diagnostic codes refer the decisionmaker to these specific areas dysfunction, only the predominant area of dysfunction shall be considered for rating purposes. Since the areas of dysfunction described below do not cover all symptoms resulting from genitourinary diseases, specific diagnoses may include a description of symptoms assigned to that diagnosis.
Renal dysfunction:
Requiring regular dialysis, or precluding more than sedentary activity from one of the following: persistent edema and albuminuria; or, BUN more than 80mg%; or, creatinine more than 8mg%; or, markedly decreased function of kidney or other organ systems, estpecially cardiovascular 100
Persistent edema and albuminuria with BUN 40 to 80mg%; or, creatinine 4 to 8mg%; or, generalized poor health characterized by lethargy, weakness, anorexia, weight loss, or limitation of exertion 80
Constant albuminuria with some edema; or, definite decrease in kidney function; or, hypertension at least 40 percent disabling under diagnostic code 7101 60
Albumin constant or recurring with hyaline and granular casts or red blood cells; or, transient or slight edema or hypertension at least 10 percent disabling under diagnostic code 7101 30
Albumin and casts with history of acute nephritis; or, hypertension non-compensable under diagnostic code 7101 0
Voiding dysfunction:
Rate particular condition as urine leakage, frequency, or obstructed voiding
Continual Urine Leakage, Post Surgical Urinary Diversion, Urinary Incontinence, or Stress Incontinence:
Requiring the use of an appliance or the wearing of absorbent materials which must be changed more than 4 times per day 60
Requiring the wearing of absorbent materials which must be changed 2 to 4 times per day 40
Requiring the wearing of absorbent materials which must be changed less than 2 times per day 20
Urinary frequency:
Daytime voiding interval less than one hour, or; awakening to void five or more times per night 40
Daytime voiding interval between one and two hours, or; awakening to void three to four times per night 20
Daytime voiding interval between two and three hours, or; awakening to void two times per night 10
Obstructed voiding:
Urinary retention requiring intermittent or continuous catheterization 30
Marked obstructive symptomatology (hesitancy, slow or weak stream, decreased force of stream) with any one or combination of the following:
1. Post void residuals greater than 150 cc.
2. Uroflowmetry; markedly diminished peak flow rate (less than 10 cc/sec).
3. Recurrent urinary tract infections secondary to obstruction.
4. Stricture disease requiring periodic dilatation every 2 to 3 months 10
Obstructive symptomatology with or without stricture disease requiring dilatation 1 to 2 times per year 0
Urninary tract infection:
Poor renal function: Rate as renal dysfunction.
Recurrent symptomatic infection requiring drainage/frequent hospitalization (greater than two times/year), and/or requiring continuous intensive management 30
Long-term drug therapy, 1-2 hospitalizations per year and/or requiring intermittent intensive management 10
[59 FR 2527, Jan. 18, 1994; 59 FR 10676, Mar. 7, 1994]
Note: When evaluating any claim involving loss or loss of use of one or more creative organs, refer to §3.350 of this chapter to determine whether the veteran may be entitled to special monthly compensation. Footnotes in the schedule indicate conditions which potentially establish entitlement to special monthly compensation; however, there are other conditions in this section which under certain circumstances also establish entitlement to special monthly compensation.
7500 Kidney, removal of one:
Minimum evaluation 30
Or rate as renal dysfunction if there is nephritis, infection, or pathology of the other.
7501 Kidney, abscess of:
Rate as urinary tract infection
7502 Nephritis, chronic:
Rate as renal dysfunction.
7504 Pyelonephritis, chronic:
Rate as renal dysfunction or urinary tract infection, whichever is predominant.
7505 Kidney, tuberculosis of:
Rate in accordance with §§4.88b or 4.89, whichever is appropriate.
7507 Nephrosclerosis, arteriolar:
Rate according to predominant symptoms as renal dysfunction, hypertension or heart disease. If rated under the cardiovascular schedule, however, the percentage rating which would otherwise be assigned will be elevated to the next higher evaluation.
7508 Nephrolithiasis:
Rate as hydronephrosis, except for recurrent stone formation requiring one or more of the following:
1. diet therapy
2. drug therapy
3. invasive or non-invasive procedures more than two times/year 30
7509 Hydronephrosis:
Severe; Rate as renal dysfunction.
Frequent attacks of colic with infection (pyonephrosis), kidney function impaired 30
Frequent attacks of colic, requiring catheter drainage 20
Only an occasional attack of colic, not infected and not requiring catheter drainage 10
7510 Ureterolithiasis:
7511 Ureter, stricture of:
7512 Cystitis, chronic, includes interstitial and all etiologies, infectious and non-infectious:
Rate as voiding dysfunction.
7515 Bladder, calculus in, with symptoms interfering with function:
Rate as voiding dysfunction
7516 Bladder, fistula of:
Rate as voiding dysfunction or urinary tract infection, whichever is predominant.
Postoperative, suprapubic cystotomy 100
7517 Bladder, injury of:
7518 Urethra, stricture of:
7519 Urethra, fistual of:
Multiple urethroperineal fistulae 100
7520 Penis, removal of half or more 30
Or rate as voiding dysfunction.
7521 Penis removal of glans 20
7522 Penis, deformity, with loss of erectile power—201
7523 Testis, atrophy complete:
Both—201
7524 Testis, removal:
Note: In cases of the removal of one testis as the result of a service-incurred injury or disease, other than an undescended or congenitally undeveloped testis, with the absence or nonfunctioning of the other testis unrelated to service, an evaluation of 30 percent will be assigned for the service-connected testicular loss. Testis, underscended, or congenitally undeveloped is not a ratable disability.
7525 Epididymo-orchitis, chronic only:
Rate as urinary tract infection.
For tubercular infections: Rate in accordance with §§4.88b or 4.89, whichever is appropriate.
7527 Prostate gland injuries, infections, hypertrophy, postoperative residuals:
7528 Malignant neoplasms of the genitourinary system 100
Note—Following the cessation of surgical, X-ray, antineoplastic chemotherapy or other therapeutic procedure, the rating of 100 percent shall continue with a mandatory VA examination at the expiration of six months. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. If there has been no local reoccurrence or metastasis, rate on residuals as voiding dysfunction or renal dysfunction, whichever is predominant.
7529 Benign neoplasms of the genitourinary system:
Rate as voiding dysfunction or renal dysfunction, whichever is predominant.
7530 Chronic renal disease requiring regular dialysis:
7531 Kidney transplant:
Following transplant surgery 100
Thereafter: Rate on residuals as renal dysfunction, minimum rating 30
Note—The 100 percent evaluation shall be assigned as of the date of hospital admission for transplant surgery and shall continue with a mandatory VA examination one year following hospital discharge. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter.
7532 Renal tubular disorders (such as renal glycosurias, aminoacidurias, renal tubular acidosis, Fanconi's syndrome, Bartter's syndrome, related disorders of Henle's loop and proximal or distal nephron function, etc.):
Minimum rating for symptomatic condition 20
Or rate as renal dysfunction.
7533 Cystic diseases of the kidneys (polycystic disease, uremic medullary cystic disease, Medullary sponge kidney, and similar conditions):
7534 Atherosclerotic renal disease (renal artery stenosis or atheroembolic renal disease):
7535 Toxic nephropathy (antibotics, radiocontrast agents, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, heavy metals, and similar agents):
7536 Glomerulonephritis:
7537 Interstitial nephritis:
7538 Papillary necrosis:
7539 Renal amyloid disease:
7540 Disseminated intravascular coagulation with renal cortical necrosis:
7541 Renal involvement in diabetes mellitus, sickle cell anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, vasculitis, or other systemic disease processes.
7542 Neurogenic bladder:
[59 FR 2527, Jan. 18, 1994; 59 FR 14567, Mar. 29, 1994, as amended at 59 FR 46339, Sept. 8, 1994]
Note 1: Natural menopause, primary amenorrhea, and pregnancy and childbirth are not disabilities for rating purposes. Chronic residuals of medical or surgical complications of pregnancy may be disabilities for rating purposes.
Note 2: When evaluating any claim involving loss or loss of use of one or more creative organs or anatomical loss of one or both breasts, refer to §3.350 of this chapter to determine whether the veteran may be entitled to special monthly compensation. Footnotes in the schedule indicate conditions which potentially establish entitlement to special monthly compensation; however, almost any condition in this section might, under certain circumstances, establish entitlement to special monthly compensation.
7610 Vulva or clitoris, disease or injury of (including vulvovaginitis)
7611 Vagina, disease or injury of.
7612 Cervix, disease or injury of.
7613 Uterus, disease, injury, or adhesions of.
7614 Fallopian tube, disease, injury, or adhesions of (including pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)).
7615 Ovary, disease, injury, or adhesions of.
General Rating Formula for Disease, Injury, or Adhesions of Female Reproductive Organs (diagnostic codes 7610 through 7615):
Symptoms not controlled by continuous treatment 30
Symptoms that require continuous treatment 10
Symptoms that do not require continuous treatment 0
Note: For the purpose of VA disability evaluation, a disease, injury, or adhesions of the ovaries resulting in ovarian dysfunction affecting the menstrual cycle, such as dysmenorrhea and secondary amenorrhea, shall be rated under diagnostic code 7615
7617 Uterus and both ovaries, removal of, complete:
For three months after removal 1100
Thereafter 150
7618 Uterus, removal of, including corpus:
7619 Ovary, removal of:
Complete removal of both ovaries 130
Removal of one with or without partial removal of the other 10
Note: In cases of the removal of one ovary as the result of a service-connected injury or disease, with the absence or nonfunctioning of a second ovary unrelated to service, an evaluation of 30 percent will be assigned for the service-connected ovarian loss
7620 Ovaries, atrophy of both, complete 120
7621 Complete or incomplete pelvic organ prolapse due to injury, disease, or surgical complications of pregnancy 10
Note: Pelvic organ prolapse occurs when a pelvic organ such as bladder, urethra, uterus, vagina, small bowel, or rectum drops (prolapse) from its normal place in the abdomen. Conditions associated with pelvic organ prolapse include: uterine or vaginal vault prolapse, cystocele, urethrocele, rectocele, enterocele, or any combination thereof. Evaluate pelvic organ prolapse under DC 7621. Evaluate separately any genitourinary, digestive, or skin symptoms under the appropriate diagnostic code(s) and combine all evaluations with the 10 percent evaluation under DC 7621
7624 Fistula, rectovaginal:
Vaginal fecal leakage at least once a day requiring wearing of pad 100
Vaginal fecal leakage four or more times per week, but less than daily, requiring wearing of pad 60
Vaginal fecal leakage one to three times per week requiring wearing of pad 30
Vaginal fecal leakage less than once a week 10
Without leakage 0
7625 Fistula, urethrovaginal:
Multiple urethrovaginal fistulae 100
Requiring the use of an appliance or the wearing of absorbent materials which must be changed more than four times per day 60
Requiring the wearing of absorbent materials which must be changed two to four times per day 40
Requiring the wearing of absorbent materials which must be changed less than two times per day 20
7626 Breast, surgery of:
Following radical mastectomy:
Both 180
One 150
Following modified radical mastectomy:
Following simple mastectomy or wide local excision with significant alteration of size or form:
Following wide local excision without significant alteration of size or form:
Both or one 0
Note: For VA purposes:
(1) Radical mastectomy means removal of the entire breast, underlying pectoral muscles, and regional lymph nodes up to the coracoclavicular ligament.
(2) Modified radical mastectomy means removal of the entire breast and axillary lymph nodes (in continuity with the breast). Pectoral muscles are left intact.
(3) Simple (or total) mastectomy means removal of all of the breast tissue, nipple, and a small portion of the overlying skin, but lymph nodes and muscles are left intact.
(4) Wide local excision (including partial mastectomy, lumpectomy, tylectomy, segmentectomy, and quadrantectomy) means removal of a portion of the breast tissue.
7627 Malignant neoplasms of gynecological system 100
Note: A rating of 100 percent shall continue beyond the cessation of any surgical, radiation, antineoplastic chemotherapy or other therapeutic procedures. Six months after discontinuance of such treatment, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. Rate chronic residuals to include scars, lymphedema, disfigurement, and/or other impairment of function under the appropriate diagnostic code(s) within the appropriate body system
7628 Benign neoplasms of gynecological system. Rate chronic residuals to include scars, lymphedema, disfigurement, and/or other impairment of function under the appropriate diagnostic code(s) within the appropriate body system
7629 Endometriosis:
Lesions involving bowel or bladder confirmed by laparoscopy, pelvic pain or heavy or irregular bleeding not controlled by treatment, and bowel or bladder symptoms 50
Pelvic pain or heavy or irregular bleeding not controlled by treatment 30
Pelvic pain or heavy or irregular bleeding requiring continuous treatment for control 10
Note: Diagnosis of endometriosis must be substantiated by laparoscopy.
7630 Malignant neoplasms of the breast 100
Note: A rating of 100 percent shall continue beyond the cessation of any surgical, radiation, antineoplastic chemotherapy or other therapeutic procedure. Six months after discontinuance of such treatment, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. Rate chronic residuals according to impairment of function due to scars, lymphedema, or disfigurement (e.g., limitation of arm, shoulder, and wrist motion, or loss of grip strength, or loss of sensation, or residuals from harvesting of muscles for reconstructive purposes), and/or under diagnostic code 7626
7631 Benign neoplasms of the breast and other injuries of the breast. Rate chronic residuals according to impairment of function due to scars, lymphedema, or disfigurement (e.g., limitation of arm, shoulder, and wrist motion, or loss of grip strength, or loss of sensation, or residuals from harvesting of muscles for reconstructive purposes), and/or under diagnostic code 7626
7632 Female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD) 10
[60 FR 19855, Apr. 21, 1995, as amended at 67 FR 6874, Feb. 14, 2002; 67 FR 37695, May 30, 2002; 83 FR 15071, Apr. 9, 2018]
7702 Agranulocytosis, acquired:
Requiring bone marrow transplant; or infections recurring, on average, at least once every six weeks per 12-month period 100
Requiring intermittent myeloid growth factors (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or continuous immunosuppressive therapy such as cyclosporine to maintain absolute neutrophil count (ANC) greater than 500/microliter (µl) but less than 1000/µl; or infections recurring, on average, at least once every three months per 12-month period 60
Requiring intermittent myeloid growth factors to maintain ANC greater than 1000/µl; or infections recurring, on average, at least once per 12-month period but less than once every three months per 12-month period 30
Requiring continuous medication (e.g., antibiotics) for control; or requiring intermittent use of a myeloid growth factor to maintain ANC greater than or equal to 1500/µl 10
Note: A 100 percent evaluation for bone marrow transplant shall be assigned as of the date of hospital admission and shall continue with a mandatory VA examination six months following hospital discharge. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter
7703 Leukemia (except for chronic myelogenous leukemia):
When there is active disease or during a treatment phase 100
Otherwise rate residuals under the appropriate diagnostic code(s)
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia or monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL), asymptomatic, Rai Stage 0 0
Note (1): A 100 percent evaluation shall continue beyond the cessation of any surgical therapy, radiation therapy, antineoplastic chemotherapy, or other therapeutic procedures. Six months after discontinuance of such treatment, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. If there has been no recurrence, rate on residuals
Note (2): Evaluate symptomatic chronic lymphocytic leukemia that is at Rai Stage I, II, III, or IV the same as any other leukemia evaluated under this diagnostic code
Note (3): Evaluate residuals of leukemia or leukemia therapy under the appropriate diagnostic code(s). Myeloproliferative Disorders: (Diagnostic Codes 7704, 7718, 7719)
7704 Polycythemia vera:
Requiring peripheral blood or bone marrow stem-cell transplant or chemotherapy (including myelosuppressants) for the purpose of ameliorating the symptom burden 100
Requiring phlebotomy 6 or more times per 12-month period or molecularly targeted therapy for the purpose of controlling RBC count 60
Requiring phlebotomy 4-5 times per 12-month period, or if requiring continuous biologic therapy or myelosuppressive agents, to include interferon, to maintain platelets <200,000 or white blood cells (WBC) <12,000 30
Requiring phlebotomy 3 or fewer times per 12-month period or if requiring biologic therapy or interferon on an intermittent basis as needed to maintain all blood values at reference range levels 10
Note (1): Rate complications such as hypertension, gout, stroke, or thrombotic disease separately
Note (2): If the condition undergoes leukemic transformation, evaluate as leukemia under diagnostic code 7703
Note (3): A 100 percent evaluation shall be assigned as of the date of hospital admission for peripheral blood or bone marrow stem cell transplant; or during the period of treatment with chemotherapy (including myelosuppressants). Six months following hospital discharge or, in the case of chemotherapy treatment, six months after completion of treatment, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any reduction in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter
7705 Immune thrombocytopenia:
Requiring chemotherapy for chronic refractory thrombocytopenia; or a platelet count 30,000 or below despite treatment 100
Requiring immunosuppressive therapy; or for a platelet count higher than 30,000 but not higher than 50,000, with history of hospitalization because of severe bleeding requiring intravenous immune globulin, high-dose parenteral corticosteroids, and platelet transfusions 70
Platelet count higher than 30,000 but not higher than 50,000, with either immune thrombocytopenia or mild mucous membrane bleeding which requires oral corticosteroid therapy or intravenous immune globulin 30
Platelet count higher than 30,000 but not higher than 50,000, not requiring treatment 10
Platelet count above 50,000 and asymptomatic; or for immune thrombocytopenia in remission 0
Note (1): Separately evaluate splenectomy under diagnostic code 7706 and combine with an evaluation under this diagnostic code
Note (2): A 100 percent evaluation shall continue beyond the cessation of chemotherapy. Six months after discontinuance of such treatment, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any reduction in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter
7706 Splenectomy 20
Note: Separately rate complications such as systemic infections with encapsulated bacteria
7707 Spleen, injury of, healed.
Rate for any residuals.
7709 Hodgkin's lymphoma:
With active disease or during a treatment phase 100
Note: A 100 percent evaluation shall continue beyond the cessation of any surgical therapy, radiation therapy, antineoplastic chemotherapy, or other therapeutic procedures. Six months after discontinuance of such treatment, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any reduction in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. If there has been no local recurrence or metastasis, rate on residuals under the appropriate diagnostic code(s)
7710 Adenitis, tuberculous, active or inactive:
Rate under §4.88c or 4.89 of this part, whichever is appropriate
7712 Multiple myeloma:
Symptomatic multiple myeloma 100
Asymptomatic, smoldering, or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) 0
Note (1): Current validated biomarkers of symptomatic multiple myeloma and asymptomatic multiple myeloma, smoldering, or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) are acceptable for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma as defined by the American Society of Hematology (ASH) and International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG)
Note (2): The 100 percent evaluation shall continue for five years after the diagnosis of symptomatic multiple myeloma, at which time the appropriate disability evaluation shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any reduction in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) and §3.344 (a) and (b) of this chapter
7714 Sickle cell anemia:
With at least 4 or more painful episodes per 12-month period, occurring in skin, joints, bones, or any major organs, caused by hemolysis and sickling of red blood cells, with anemia, thrombosis, and infarction, with residual symptoms precluding even light manual labor 100
With 3 painful episodes per 12-month period or with symptoms precluding other than light manual labor 60
With 1 or 2 painful episodes per 12-month period 30
Asymptomatic, established case in remission, but with identifiable organ impairment 10
Note: Sickle cell trait alone, without a history of directly attributable pathological findings, is not a ratable disability. Cases of symptomatic sickle cell trait will be forwarded to the Director, Compensation Service, for consideration under §3.321(b)(1) of this chapter
7715 Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma:
When there is active disease, during treatment phase, or with indolent and non-contiguous phase of low grade NHL 100
Note: A 100 percent evaluation shall continue beyond the cessation of any surgical therapy, radiation therapy, antineoplastic chemotherapy, or other therapeutic procedures. Two years after discontinuance of such treatment, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any reduction in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. If there has been no recurrence, rate on residuals under the appropriate diagnostic code(s)
7716 Aplastic anemia:
Requiring peripheral blood or bone marrow stem cell transplant; or requiring transfusion of platelets or red cells, on average, at least once every six weeks per 12-month period; or infections recurring, on average, at least once every six weeks per 12-month period 100
Requiring transfusion of platelets or red cells, on average, at least once every three months per 12-month period; or infections recurring, on average, at least once every three months per 12-month period; or using continuous therapy with immunosuppressive agent or newer platelet stimulating factors 60
Requiring transfusion of platelets or red cells, on average, at least once per 12-month period; or infections recurring, on average, at least once per 12-month period 30
Note (1): A 100 percent evaluation for peripheral blood or bone marrow stem cell transplant shall be assigned as of the date of hospital admission and shall continue with a mandatory VA examination six months following hospital discharge. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter
Note (2): The term “newer platelet stimulating factors” includes medication, factors, or other agents approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration
7717 AL amyloidosis (primary amyloidosis) 100
7718 Essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis:
Requiring either continuous myelosuppressive therapy or, for six months following hospital admission, peripheral blood or bone marrow stem cell transplant, or chemotherapy, or interferon treatment 100
Requiring continuous or intermittent myelosuppressive therapy, or chemotherapy, or interferon treatment to maintain platelet count <500 × 109/L 70
Requiring continuous or intermittent myelosuppressive therapy, or chemotherapy, or interferon treatment to maintain platelet count of 200,000-400,000, or white blood cell (WBC) count of 4,000-10,000 30
7719 Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) (chronic myeloid leukemia or chronic granulocytic leukemia):
Requiring peripheral blood or bone marrow stem cell transplant, or continuous myelosuppressive or immunosuppressive therapy treatment 100
Requiring intermittent myelosuppressive therapy, or molecularly targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, or interferon treatment when not in apparent remission 60
In apparent remission on continuous molecularly targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors 30
Note (2): A 100 percent evaluation shall be assigned as of the date of hospital admission for peripheral blood or bone marrow stem cell transplant; or during the period of treatment with chemotherapy (including myelosuppressants). Six months following hospital discharge or, in the case of chemotherapy treatment, six months after completion of treatment, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any reduction in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105 of this chapter
7720 Iron deficiency anemia:
Requiring intravenous iron infusions 4 or more times per 12-month period 30
Requiring intravenous iron infusions at least 1 time but less than 4 times per 12-month period, or requiring continuous treatment with oral supplementation 10
Asymptomatic or requiring treatment only by dietary modification 0
Note: Do not evaluate iron deficiency anemia due to blood loss under this diagnostic code. Evaluate iron deficiency anemia due to blood loss under the criteria for the condition causing the blood loss
7721 Folic acid deficiency:
Requiring continuous treatment with high-dose oral supplementation 10
7722 Pernicious anemia and Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia:
For initial diagnosis requiring transfusion due to severe anemia, or if there are signs or symptoms related to central nervous system impairment, such as encephalopathy, myelopathy, or severe peripheral neuropathy, requiring parenteral B12 therapy 100
Requiring continuous treatment with Vitamin B12 injections, Vitamin B12 sublingual or high-dose oral tablets, or Vitamin B12 nasal spray or gel 10
Note: A 100 percent evaluation for pernicious anemia and Vitamin B12 deficiency shall be assigned as of the date of the initial diagnosis requiring transfusion due to severe anemia or parenteral B12 therapy and shall continue with a mandatory VA examination six months following hospital discharge or cessation of parenteral B12 therapy. Any reduction in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. Thereafter, evaluate at 10 percent and separately evaluate any residual effects of pernicious anemia, such as neurologic involvement causing peripheral neuropathy, myelopathy, dementia, or related gastrointestinal residuals, under the most appropriate diagnostic code
7723 Acquired hemolytic anemia:
Requiring a bone marrow transplant or continuous intravenous or immunosuppressive therapy (e.g., prednisone, Cytoxan, azathioprine, or rituximab) 100
Requiring immunosuppressive medication 4 or more times per 12-month period 60
Requiring at least 2 but less than 4 courses of immunosuppressive therapy per 12-month period 30
Requiring one course of immunosuppressive therapy per 12-month period 10
Note (1): A 100 percent evaluation for bone marrow transplant shall be assigned as of the date of hospital admission and shall continue for six months after hospital discharge with a mandatory VA examination six months following hospital discharge. Any reduction in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter
Note (2): Separately evaluate splenectomy under diagnostic code 7706 and combine with an evaluation under diagnostic code 7723
7724 Solitary plasmacytoma:
Solitary plasmacytoma, when there is active disease or during a treatment phase 100
Note (1): A 100 percent evaluation shall continue beyond the cessation of any surgical therapy, radiation therapy, antineoplastic chemotherapy, or other therapeutic procedures (including autologous stem cell transplantation). Six months after discontinuance of such treatment, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. If there has been no recurrence, rate residuals under the appropriate diagnostic codes
Note (2): Rate a solitary plasmacytoma that has developed into multiple myeloma as symptomatic multiple myeloma
Note (3): Rate residuals of plasma cell dysplasia (e.g., thrombosis) and adverse effects of medical treatment (e.g., neuropathy) under the appropriate diagnostic codes
7725 Myelodysplastic syndromes:
Requiring peripheral blood or bone marrow stem cell transplant; or requiring chemotherapy 100
Requiring 4 or more blood or platelet transfusions per 12-month period; or infections requiring hospitalization 3 or more times per 12-month period 60
Requiring at least 1 but no more than 3 blood or platelet transfusions per 12-month period; infections requiring hospitalization at least 1 but no more than 2 times per 12-month period; or requiring biologic therapy on an ongoing basis or erythropoiesis stimulating agent (ESA) for 12 weeks or less per 12-month period 30
Note (1): If the condition progresses to leukemia, evaluate as leukemia under diagnostic code 7703
Note (2): A 100 percent evaluation shall be assigned as of the date of hospital admission for peripheral blood or bone marrow stem cell transplant, or during the period of treatment with chemotherapy, and shall continue with a mandatory VA examination six months following hospital discharge or, in the case of chemotherapy treatment, six months after completion of treatment. Any reduction in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. If there has been no recurrence, residuals will be rated under the appropriate diagnostic codes
[60 FR 49227, Sept. 22, 1995, as amended at 77 FR 6467, Feb. 8, 2012; 79 FR 2100, Jan. 13, 2014; 83 FR 54254, Oct. 29, 2018; 83 FR 54881, Nov. 1, 2018]
(a) For the purposes of this section, systemic therapy is treatment that is administered through any route (orally, injection, suppository, intranasally) other than the skin, and topical therapy is treatment that is administered through the skin.
(b) Two or more skin conditions may be combined in accordance with §4.25 only if separate areas of skin are involved. If two or more skin conditions involve the same area of skin, then only the highest evaluation shall be used.
7800 Burn scar(s) of the head, face, or neck; scar(s) of the head, face, or neck due to other causes; or other disfigurement of the head, face, or neck:
With visible or palpable tissue loss and either gross distortion or asymmetry of three or more features or paired sets of features (nose, chin, forehead, eyes (including eyelids), ears (auricles), cheeks, lips), or; with six or more characteristics of disfigurement 80
With visible or palpable tissue loss and either gross distortion or asymmetry of two features or paired sets of features (nose, chin, forehead, eyes (including eyelids), ears (auricles), cheeks, lips), or; with four or five characteristics of disfigurement 50
With visible or palpable tissue loss and either gross distortion or asymmetry of one feature or paired set of features (nose, chin, forehead, eyes (including eyelids), ears (auricles), cheeks, lips), or; with two or three characteristics of disfigurement 30
With one characteristic of disfigurement 10
Note (1):The 8 characteristics of disfigurement, for purposes of evaluation under §4.118, are:
Scar 5 or more inches (13 or more cm.) in length.
Scar at least one-quarter inch (0.6 cm.) wide at widest part.
Surface contour of scar elevated or depressed on palpation.
Scar adherent to underlying tissue.
Skin hypo-or hyper-pigmented in an area exceeding six square inches (39 sq. cm.).
Skin texture abnormal (irregular, atrophic, shiny, scaly, etc.) in an area exceeding six square inches (39 sq. cm.).
Underlying soft tissue missing in an area exceeding six square inches (39 sq. cm.).
Skin indurated and inflexible in an area exceeding six square inches (39 sq. cm.).
Note (2): Rate tissue loss of the auricle under DC 6207 (loss of auricle) and anatomical loss of the eye under DC 6061 (anatomical loss of both eyes) or DC 6063 (anatomical loss of one eye), as appropriate.
Note (3): Take into consideration unretouched color photographs when evaluating under these criteria.
Note (4): Separately evaluate disabling effects other than disfigurement that are associated with individual scar(s) of the head, face, or neck, such as pain, instability, and residuals of associated muscle or nerve injury, under the appropriate diagnostic code(s) and apply §4.25 to combine the evaluation(s) with the evaluation assigned under this diagnostic code.
Note (5): The characteristic(s) of disfigurement may be caused by one scar or by multiple scars; the characteristic(s) required to assign a particular evaluation need not be caused by a single scar in order to assign that evaluation.
7801 Burn scar(s) or scar(s) due to other causes, not of the head, face, or neck, that are associated with underlying soft tissue damage:
Area or areas of 144 square inches (929 sq. cm.) or greater 40
Area or areas of at least 72 square inches (465 sq. cm.) but less than 144 square inches (929 sq. cm.) 30
Area or areas of at least 12 square inches (77 sq. cm.) but less than 72 square inches (465 sq. cm.) 20
Area or areas of at least 6 square inches (39 sq. cm.) but less than 12 square inches (77 sq. cm.) 10
Note (1): For the purposes of DCs 7801 and 7802, the six (6) zones of the body are defined as each extremity, anterior trunk, and posterior trunk. The midaxillary line divides the anterior trunk from the posterior trunk
Note (2): A separate evaluation may be assigned for each affected zone of the body under this diagnostic code if there are multiple scars, or a single scar, affecting multiple zones of the body. Combine the separate evaluations under §4.25. Alternatively, if a higher evaluation would result from adding the areas affected from multiple zones of the body, a single evaluation may also be assigned under this diagnostic code
7802 Burn scar(s) or scar(s) due to other causes, not of the head, face, or neck, that are not associated with underlying soft tissue damage:
7804 Scar(s), unstable or painful:
Five or more scars that are unstable or painful 30
Three or four scars that are unstable or painful 20
One or two scars that are unstable or painful 10
Note (1): An unstable scar is one where, for any reason, there is frequent loss of covering of skin over the scar.
Note (2): If one or more scars are both unstable and painful, add 10 percent to the evaluation that is based on the total number of unstable or painful scars
Note (3): Scars evaluated under diagnostic codes 7800, 7801, 7802, or 7805 may also receive an evaluation under this diagnostic code, when applicable
7805 Scars, other; and other effects of scars evaluated under diagnostic codes 7800, 7801, 7802, or 7804:
Evaluate any disabling effect(s) not considered in a rating provided under diagnostic codes 7800-04 under an appropriate diagnostic code
General Rating Formula For The Skin For DCs 7806, 7809, 7813-7816, 7820-7822, and 7824:
At least one of the following 60
Characteristic lesions involving more than 40 percent of the entire body or more than 40 percent of exposed areas affected; or
Constant or near-constant systemic therapy including, but not limited to, corticosteroids, phototherapy, retinoids, biologics, photochemotherapy, psoralen with long-wave ultraviolet-A light (PUVA), or other immunosuppressive drugs required over the past 12-month period 60
Characteristic lesions involving 20 to 40 percent of the entire body or 20 to 40 percent of exposed areas affected; or Systemic therapy including, but not limited to, corticosteroids, phototherapy, retinoids, biologics, photochemotherapy, PUVA, or other immunosuppressive drugs required for a total duration of 6 weeks or more, but not constantly, over the past 12-month period
Characteristic lesions involving at least 5 percent, but less than 20 percent, of the entire body affected; or
At least 5 percent, but less than 20 percent, of exposed areas affected; or
Intermittent systemic therapy including, but not limited to, corticosteroids, phototherapy, retinoids, biologics, photochemotherapy, PUVA, or other immunosuppressive drugs required for a total duration of less than 6 weeks over the past 12-month period
No more than topical therapy required over the past 12-month period and at least one of the following 0
Characteristic lesions involving less than 5 percent of the entire body affected; or
Characteristic lesions involving less than 5 percent of exposed areas affected
Or rate as disfigurement of the head, face, or neck (DC 7800) or scars (DCs 7801, 7802, 7804, or 7805), depending upon the predominant disability. This rating instruction does not apply to DC 7824
7806 Dermatitis or eczema.
Evaluate under the General Rating Formula for the Skin
7807 American (New World) leishmaniasis (mucocutaneous, espundia):
Rate as disfigurement of the head, face, or neck (DC 7800), scars (DC's 7801, 7802, 7803, 7804, or 7805), or dermatitis (DC 7806), depending upon the predominant disability
Note: Evaluate non-cutaneous (visceral) leishmaniasis under DC 6301 (visceral leishmaniasis).
7808 Old World leishmaniasis (cutaneous, Oriental sore):
Rate as disfigurement of the head, face, or neck (DC 7800), scars (DC's, 7801, 7802, 7803, 7804, or 7805), or dermatitis (DC 7806), depending upon the predominant disabililty
7809 Discoid lupus erythematosus.
Note: Do not combine with ratings under DC 6350
7811 Tuberculosis luposa (lupus vulgaris), active or inactive:
Rate under §§4.88c or 4.89, whichever is appropriate
7813 Dermatophytosis (ringworm: Of body, tinea corporis; of head, tinea capitis; of feet, tinea pedis; of beard area, tinea barbae; of nails, tinea unguium (onychomycosis); of inguinal area (jock itch), tinea cruris; tinea versicolor).
7815 Bullous disorders (including pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceous, bullous pemphigoid, dermatitis herpetiformis, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, benign chronic familial pemphigus (Hailey-Hailey), and porphyria cutanea tarda).
Note: Rate complications and residuals of mucosal involvement (ocular, oral, gastrointestinal, respiratory, or genitourinary) separately under the appropriate diagnostic code
7816 Psoriasis.
Note: Rate complications such as psoriatic arthritis and other clinical manifestations (e.g., oral mucosa, nails) separately under the appropriate diagnostic code
7817 Erythroderma:
Generalized involvement of the skin with systemic manifestations (such as fever, weight loss, or hypoproteinemia) AND one of the following 100
Constant or near-constant systemic therapy such as therapeutic doses of corticosteroids, other immunosuppressive drugs, retinoids, PUVA (psoralen with long-wave ultraviolet-A light), UVB (ultraviolet-B light) treatments, biologics, or electron beam therapy required over the past 12 month period; or
No current treatment due to a documented history of treatment failure with 2 or more treatment regimens 100
Generalized involvement of the skin without systemic manifestations and one of the following
Constant or near-constant systemic therapy such as therapeutic doses of corticosteroids, other immunosuppressive drugs, retinoids, PUVA, UVB treatments, biologics, or electron beam therapy required over the past 12-month period; or
No current treatment due to a documented history of treatment failure with 1 treatment regimen 60
Any extent of involvement of the skin, and any of the following therapies required for a total duration of 6 weeks or more, but not constantly, over the past 12-month period: systemic therapy such as therapeutic doses of corticosteroids, other immunosuppressive drugs, retinoids, PUVA, UVB treatments, biologics, or electron beam therapy 30
Any extent of involvement of the skin, and any of the following therapies required for a total duration of less than 6 weeks over the past 12-month period: systemic therapy such as therapeutic doses of corticosteroids, other immunosuppressive drugs, retinoids, PUVA, UVB treatments, biologics, or electron beam therapy 10
Any extent of involvement of the skin, and no more than topical therapy required over the past 12-month period 0
Note: Treatment failure is defined as either disease progression, or less than a 25 percent reduction in the extent and severity of disease after four weeks of prescribed therapy, as documented by medical records
7818 Malignant skin neoplasms (other than malignant melanoma):
Rate as disfigurement of the head, face, or neck (DC 7800), scars (DC's 7801, 7802, 7803, 7804, or 7805), or impairment of function
Note: If a skin malignancy requires therapy that is comparable to that used for systemic malignancies, i.e., systemic chemotherapy, X-ray therapy more extensive than to the skin, or surgery more extensive than wide local excision, a 100-percent evaluation will be assigned from the date of onset of treatment, and will continue, with a mandatory VA examination six months following the completion of such antineoplastic treatment, and any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination will be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. If there has been no local recurrence or metastasis, evaluation will then be made on residuals. If treatment is confined to the skin, the provisions for a 100-percent evaluation do not apply.
7819 Benign skin neoplasms:
7820 Infections of the skin not listed elsewhere (including bacterial, fungal, viral, treponemal, and parasitic diseases).
7821 Cutaneous manifestations of collagen-vascular diseases not listed elsewhere (including scleroderma, calcinosis cutis, subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, and dermatomyositis).
7822 Papulosquamous disorders not listed elsewhere (including lichen planus, large or small plaque parapsoriasis, pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA), lymphomatoid papulosus, mycosis fungoides, and pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP)).
7823 Vitiligo:
With exposed areas affected 10
With no exposed areas affected 0
7824 Diseases of keratinization (including icthyoses, Darier's disease, and palmoplantar keratoderma).
7825 Chronic urticaria:
For the purposes of this diagnostic code, chronic urticaria is defined as continuous urticaria at least twice per week, off treatment, for a period of six weeks or more
Chronic refractory urticaria that requires third line treatment for control (e.g., plasmapheresis, immunotherapy, immunosuppressives) due to ineffectiveness with first and second line treatments 60
Chronic urticaria that requires second line treatment (e.g., corticosteroids, sympathomimetics, leukotriene inhibitors, neutrophil inhibitors, thyroid hormone) for control 30
Chronic urticaria that requires first line treatment (antihistamines) for control 10
7826 Vasculitis, primary cutaneous:
Persistent documented vasculitis episodes refractory to continuous immunosuppressive therapy 60
All of the following 30
Recurrent documented vasculitic episodes occurring four or more times over the past 12-month period; and
Requiring intermittent systemic immunosuppressive therapy for control 30
Recurrent documented vasculitic episodes occurring one to three times over the past 12-month period, and requiring intermittent systemic immunosuppressive therapy for control; or
Without recurrent documented vasculitic episodes but requiring continuous systemic medication for control
Or rate as disfigurement of the head, face, or neck (DC 7800) or scars (DCs 7801, 7802, 7804, or 7805), depending upon the predominant disability
7827 Erythema multiforme; Toxic epidermal necrolysis:
Recurrent mucosal, palmar, or plantar involvement impairing mastication, use of hands, or ambulation occurring four or more times over the past 12-month period despite ongoing immunosuppressive therapy 60
Recurrent mucosal, palmar, or plantar involvement not impairing mastication, use of hands, or ambulation, occurring four or more times over the past 12-month period; andrequiring intermittent systemic therapy
One to three episodes of mucosal, palmar, or plantar involvement not impairing mastication, use of hands, or ambulation, occurring over the past 12-month period AND requiring intermittent systemic therapy; or
Without recurrent episodes, but requiring continuous systemic medication for control
Note: For the purposes of this DC only, systemic therapy may consist of one or more of the following treatment agents: immunosuppressives, antihistamines, or sympathomimetics
7828 Acne:
Deep acne (deep inflamed nodules and pus-filled cysts) affecting 40 percent or more of the face and neck 30
Deep acne (deep inflamed nodules and pus-filled cysts) affecting less than 40 percent of the face and neck, or deep acne other than on the face and neck 10
Superficial acne (comedones, papules, pustules) of any extent 0
7829 Chloracne:
Deep acne (deep inflamed nodules and pus-filled cysts) affecting the intertriginous areas (the axilla of the arm, the anogenital region, skin folds of the breasts, or between digits) 20
Deep acne (deep inflamed nodules and pus-filled cysts) affecting less than 40 percent of the face and neck; or deep acne affecting non-intertriginous areas of the body (other than the face and neck) 10
7830 Scarring alopecia:
Affecting more than 40 percent of the scalp 20
Affecting 20 to 40 percent of the scalp 10
Affecting less than 20 percent of the scalp 0
7831 Alopecia areata:
With loss of all body hair 10
With loss of hair limited to scalp and face 0
7832 Hyperhidrosis:
Unable to handle paper or tools because of moisture, and unresponsive to therapy 30
Able to handle paper or tools after therapy 0
7833 Malignant melanoma:
Rate as scars (DC's 7801, 7802, 7803, 7804, or 7805), disfigurement of the head, face, or neck (DC 7800), or impairment of function (under the appropriate body system)
Note: If a skin malignancy requires therapy that is comparable to that used for systemic malignancies, i.e., systemic chemotherapy, X-ray therapy more extensive than to the skin, or surgery more extensive than wide local excision, a 100-percent evaluation will be assigned from the date of onset of treatment, and will continue, with a mandatory VA examination six months following the completion of such antineoplastic treatment, and any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination will be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e). If there has been no local recurrence or metastasis, evaluation will then be made on residuals. If treatment is confined to the skin, the provisions for a 100-percent evaluation do not apply.
[67 FR 49596, July 31, 2002; 67 FR 58448, 58449, Sept. 16, 2002; 73 FR 54710, Oct. 23, 2008; 77 FR 2910, Jan. 20, 2012; 83 FR 32597, July 13, 2018; 83 FR 38663, Aug. 7, 2018]
7900 Hyperthyroidism, including, but not limited to, Graves' disease:
For six months after initial diagnosis 30
Thereafter, rate residuals of disease or complications of medical treatment within the appropriate diagnostic code(s) within the appropriate body system.
Note (1): If hyperthyroid cardiovascular or cardiac disease is present, separately evaluate under DC 7008 (hyperthyroid heart disease).
Note (2): Separately evaluate eye involvement occurring as a manifestation of Graves' Disease as diplopia (DC 6090); impairment of central visual acuity (DCs 6061-6066); or under the most appropriate DCs in §4.79.
7901 Thyroid enlargement, toxic:
Note (1): Evaluate symptoms of hyperthyroidism under DC 7900, hyperthyroidism, including, but not limited to, Graves' disease.
Note (2): If disfigurement of the neck is present due to thyroid disease or enlargement, separately evaluate under DC 7800 (burn scar(s) of the head, face, or neck; scar(s) of the head, face, or neck due to other causes; or other disfigurement of the head, face, or neck).
7902 Thyroid enlargement, nontoxic:
Note (1): Evaluate symptoms due to pressure on adjacent organs (such as the trachea, larynx, or esophagus) under the appropriate diagnostic code(s) within the appropriate body system.
7903 Hypothyroidism:
Hypothyroidism manifesting as myxedema (cold intolerance, muscular weakness, cardiovascular involvement (including, but not limited to hypotension, bradycardia, and pericardial effusion), and mental disturbance (including, but not limited to dementia, slowing of thought and depression)) 100
Note (1): This evaluation shall continue for six months beyond the date that an examining physician has determined crisis stabilization. Thereafter, the residual effects of hypothyroidism shall be rated under the appropriate diagnostic code(s) within the appropriate body system(s) (e.g., eye, digestive, and mental disorders).
Hypothyroidism without myxedema 30
Note (2): This evaluation shall continue for six months after initial diagnosis. Thereafter, rate residuals of disease or medical treatment under the most appropriate diagnostic code(s) under the appropriate body system (e.g., eye, digestive, mental disorders).
Note (3): If eye involvement, such as exophthalmos, corneal ulcer, blurred vision, or diplopia, is also present due to thyroid disease, also separately evaluate under the appropriate diagnostic code(s) in §4.79, Schedule of Ratings—Eye (such as diplopia (DC 6090) or impairment of central visual acuity (DCs 6061-6066)).
7904 Hyperparathyroidism:
For six months from date of discharge following surgery 100
Note (1): After six months, rate on residuals under the appropriate diagnostic code(s) within the appropriate body system(s) based on a VA examination.
Hypercalcemia (indicated by at least one of the following: Total Ca greater than 12 mg/dL (3-3.5 mmol/L), Ionized Ca greater than 5.6 mg/dL (2-2.5 mmol/L), creatinine clearance less than 60 mL/min, bone mineral density T-score less than 2.5 SD (below mean) at any site or previous fragility fracture) 60
Note (2): Where surgical intervention is indicated, this evaluation shall continue until the day of surgery, at which time the provisions pertaining to a 100-percent evaluation shall apply.
Note (3): Where surgical intervention is not indicated, this evaluation shall continue for six months after pharmacologic treatment begins. After six months, rate on residuals under the appropriate diagnostic code(s) within the appropriate body system(s) based on a VA examination.
Symptoms such as fatigue, anorexia, nausea, or constipation that occur despite surgery; or in individuals who are not candidates for surgery but require continuous medication for control 10
Note (4): Following surgery or other treatment, evaluate chronic residuals, such as nephrolithiasis (kidney stones), decreased renal function, fractures, vision problems, and cardiovascular complications, under the appropriate diagnostic codes.
7905 Hypoparathyroidism:
For three months after initial diagnosis 100
Thereafter, evaluate chronic residuals, such as nephrolithiasis (kidney stones), cataracts, decreased renal function, and congestive heart failure under the appropriate diagnostic codes.
7906 Thyroiditis:
With normal thyroid function (euthyroid) 0
Note: Manifesting as hyperthyroidism, evaluate as hyperthyroidism, including, but not limited to, Graves' disease (DC 7900); manifesting as hypothyroidism, evaluate as hypothyroidism (DC 7903).
7907 Cushing's syndrome:
As active, progressive disease, including areas of osteoporosis, hypertension, and proximal upper and lower extremity muscle wasting that results in inability to rise from squatting position, climb stairs, rise from a deep chair without assistance, or raise arms 100
Proximal upper or lower extremity muscle wasting that results in inability to rise from squatting position, climb stairs, rise from a deep chair without assistance, or raise arms 60
With striae, obesity, moon face, glucose intolerance, and vascular fragility 30
Note: The evaluations specifically indicated under this diagnostic code shall continue for six months following initial diagnosis. After six months, rate on residuals under the appropriate diagnostic code(s) within the appropriate body system(s).
7908 Acromegaly:
Evidence of increased intracranial pressure (such as visual field defect), arthropathy, glucose intolerance, and either hypertension or cardiomegaly 100
Arthropathy, glucose intolerance, and hypertension 60
Enlargement of acral parts or overgrowth of long bones 30
7909 Diabetes insipidus:
For three months after initial diagnosis 30
Note: Thereafter, if diabetes insipidus has subsided, rate residuals under the appropriate diagnostic code(s) within the appropriate body system.
With persistent polyuria or requiring continuous hormonal therapy 10
7911 Addison's disease (adrenocortical insufficiency):
Four or more crises during the past year 60
Three crises during the past year, or; five or more episodes during the past year 40
One or two crises during the past year, or; two to four episodes during the past year, or; weakness and fatigability, or; corticosteroid therapy required for control 20
Note (1): An Addisonian “crisis” consists of the rapid onset of peripheral vascular collapse (with acute hypotension and shock), with findings that may include: anorexia; nausea; vomiting; dehydration; profound weakness; pain in abdomen, legs, and back; fever; apathy, and depressed mentation with possible progression to coma, renal shutdown, and death.
Note (2): An Addisonian “episode,” for VA purposes, is a less acute and less severe event than an Addisonian crisis and may consist of anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, weakness, malaise, orthostatic hypotension, or hypoglycemia, but no peripheral vascular collapse.
Note (3): Tuberculous Addison's disease will be evaluated as active or inactive tuberculosis. If inactive, these evaluations are not to be combined with the graduated ratings of 50 percent or 30 percent for non-pulmonary tuberculosis specified under §4.88b. Assign the higher rating.
7912 Polyglandular syndrome (multiple endocrine neoplasia, autoimmune polyglandular syndrome):
Evaluate according to major manifestations to include, but not limited to, Type I diabetes mellitus, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, or Addison's disease.
7913 Diabetes mellitus:
Requiring more than one daily injection of insulin, restricted diet, and regulation of activities (avoidance of strenuous occupational and recreational activities) with episodes of ketoacidosis or hypoglycemic reactions requiring at least three hospitalizations per year or weekly visits to a diabetic care provider, plus either progressive loss of weight and strength or complications that would be compensable if separately evaluated 100
Requiring one or more daily injection of insulin, restricted diet, and regulation of activities with episodes of ketoacidosis or hypoglycemic reactions requiring one or two hospitalizations per year or twice a month visits to a diabetic care provider, plus complications that would not be compensable if separately evaluated 60
Requiring one or more daily injection of insulin, restricted diet, and regulation of activities 40
Requiring one or more daily injection of insulin and restricted diet, or; oral hypoglycemic agent and restricted diet 20
Manageable by restricted diet only 10
Note (1): Evaluate compensable complications of diabetes separately unless they are part of the criteria used to support a 100-percent evaluation. Noncompensable complications are considered part of the diabetic process under DC 7913.
Note (2): When diabetes mellitus has been conclusively diagnosed, do not request a glucose tolerance test solely for rating purposes.
7914 Neoplasm, malignant, any specified part of the endocrine system 100
7915 Neoplasm, benign, any specified part of the endocrine system:
Rate as residuals of endocrine dysfunction.
7916 Hyperpituitarism (prolactin secreting pituitary dysfunction):
Note: Evaluate as malignant or benign neoplasm, as appropriate.
7917 Hyperaldosteronism (benign or malignant):
7918 Pheochromocytoma (benign or malignant):
Note: Evaluate as malignant or benign neoplasm as appropriate.
7919 C-cell hyperplasia of the thyroid:
If antineoplastic therapy is required, evaluate as a malignant neoplasm under DC 7914. If a prophylactic thyroidectomy is performed (based upon genetic testing) and antineoplastic therapy is not required, evaluate as hypothyroidism under DC 7903.
[61 FR 20446, May 7, 1996, as amended at 82 FR 50804, Nov. 2, 2017]
Disability in this field is ordinarily to be rated in proportion to the impairment of motor, sensory or mental function. Consider especially psychotic manifestations, complete or partial loss of use of one or more extremities, speech disturbances, impairment of vision, disturbances of gait, tremors, visceral manifestations, injury to the skull, etc. In rating disability from the conditions in the preceding sentence refer to the appropriate schedule. In rating peripheral nerve injuries and their residuals, attention should be given to the site and character of the injury, the relative impairment in motor function, trophic changes, or sensory disturbances.
When there is doubt as to the true nature of epileptiform attacks, neurological observation in a hospital adequate to make such a study is necessary. To warrant a rating for epilepsy, the seizures must be witnessed or verified at some time by a physician. As to frequency, competent, consistent lay testimony emphasizing convulsive and immediate post-convulsive characteristics may be accepted. The frequency of seizures should be ascertained under the ordinary conditions of life (while not hospitalized).
The term psychomotor epilepsy refers to a condition that is characterized by seizures and not uncommonly by a chronic psychiatric disturbance as well.
(a) Psychomotor seizures consist of episodic alterations in conscious control that may be associated with automatic states, generalized convulsions, random motor movements (chewing, lip smacking, fumbling), hallucinatory phenomena (involving taste, smell, sound, vision), perceptual illusions (deja vu, feelings of loneliness, strangeness, macropsia, micropsia, dreamy states), alterations in thinking (not open to reason), alterations in memory, abnormalities of mood or affect (fear, alarm, terror, anger, dread, well-being), and autonomic disturbances (sweating, pallor, flushing of the face, visceral phenomena such as nausea, vomiting, defecation, a rising feeling of warmth in the abdomen). Automatic states or automatisms are characterized by episodes of irrational, irrelevant, disjointed, unconventional, asocial, purposeless though seemingly coordinated and purposeful, confused or inappropriate activity of one to several minutes (or, infrequently, hours) duration with subsequent amnesia for the seizure. Examples: A person of high social standing remained seated, muttered angrily, and rubbed the arms of his chair while the National Anthem was being played; an apparently normal person suddenly disrobed in public; a man traded an expensive automobile for an antiquated automobile in poor mechanical condition and after regaining conscious control, discovered that he had signed an agreement to pay an additional sum of money in the trade. The seizure manifestations of psychomotor epilepsy vary from patient to patient and in the same patient from seizure to seizure.
(b) A chronic mental disorder is not uncommon as an interseizure manifestation of psychomotor epilepsy and may include psychiatric disturbances extending from minimal anxiety to severe personality disorder (as distinguished from developmental) or almost complete personality disintegration (psychosis). The manifestations of a chronic mental disorder associated with psychomotor epilepsy, like those of the seizures, are protean in character.
Neuritis, cranial or peripheral, characterized by loss of reflexes, muscle atrophy, sensory disturbances, and constant pain, at times excruciating, is to be rated on the scale provided for injury of the nerve involved, with a maximum equal to severe, incomplete, paralysis. See nerve involved for diagnostic code number and rating. The maximum rating which may be assigned for neuritis not characterized by organic changes referred to in this section will be that for moderate, or with sciatic nerve involvement, for moderately severe, incomplete paralysis.
Neuralgia, cranial or peripheral, characterized usually by a dull and intermittent pain, of typical distribution so as to identify the nerve, is to be rated on the same scale, with a maximum equal to moderate incomplete paralysis. See nerve involved for diagnostic code number and rating. Tic douloureux, or trifacial neuralgia, may be rated up to complete paralysis of the affected nerve.
[With the exceptions noted, disability from the following diseases and their residuals may be rated from 10 percent to 100 percent in proportion to the impairment of motor, sensory, or mental function. Consider especially psychotic manifestations, complete or partial loss of use of one or more extremities, speech disturbances, impairment of vision, disturbances of gait, tremors, visceral manifestations, etc., referring to the appropriate bodily system of the schedule. With partial loss of use of one or more extremities from neurological lesions, rate by comparison with the mild, moderate, severe, or complete paralysis of peripheral nerves]
Organic Diseases of the Central Nervous System
8000 Encephalitis, epidemic, chronic:
As active febrile disease 100
Rate residuals, minimum 10
Brain, new growth of:
8002 Malignant 100
Note: The rating in code 8002 will be continued for 2 years following cessation of surgical, chemotherapeutic or other treatment modality. At this point, if the residuals have stabilized, the rating will be made on neurological residuals according to symptomatology.
8003 Benign, minimum 60
8004 Paralysis agitans:
8005 Bulbar palsy 100
8007 Brain, vessels, embolism of.
8008 Brain, vessels, thrombosis of.
8009 Brain, vessels, hemorrhage from:
Rate the vascular conditions under Codes 8007 through 8009, for 6 months 100
Rate residuals, thereafter, minimum 10
8010 Myelitis:
8011 Poliomyelitis, anterior:
8012 Hematomyelia:
For 6 months 100
8013 Syphilis, cerebrospinal.
8014 Syphilis, meningovascular.
8015 Tabes dorsalis.
Note: Rate upon the severity of convulsions, paralysis, visual impairment or psychotic involvement, etc.
8017 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 100
Note: Consider the need for special monthly compensation.
8018 Multiple sclerosis:
8019 Meningitis, cerebrospinal, epidemic:
8020 Brain, abscess of:
Spinal cord, new growths of:
8022 Benign, minimum rating 60
8023 Progressive muscular atrophy:
8024 Syringomyelia:
8025 Myasthenia gravis:
Note: It is required for the minimum ratings for residuals under diagnostic codes 8000-8025, that there be ascertainable residuals. Determinations as to the presence of residuals not capable of objective verification, i.e., headaches, dizziness, fatigability, must be approached on the basis of the diagnosis recorded; subjective residuals will be accepted when consistent with the disease and not more likely attributable to other disease or no disease. It is of exceptional importance that when ratings in excess of the prescribed minimum ratings are assigned, the diagnostic codes utilized as bases of evaluation be cited, in addition to the codes identifying the diagnoses.
8045 Residuals of traumatic brain injury (TBI):
There are three main areas of dysfunction that may result from TBI and have profound effects on functioning: cognitive (which is common in varying degrees after TBI), emotional/behavioral, and physical. Each of these areas of dysfunction may require evaluation.
Cognitive impairment is defined as decreased memory, concentration, attention, and executive functions of the brain. Executive functions are goal setting, speed of information processing, planning, organizing, prioritizing, self-monitoring, problem solving, judgment, decision making, spontaneity, and flexibility in changing actions when they are not productive. Not all of these brain functions may be affected in a given individual with cognitive impairment, and some functions may be affected more severely than others. In a given individual, symptoms may fluctuate in severity from day to day. Evaluate cognitive impairment under the table titled “Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment and Other Residuals of TBI Not Otherwise Classified.”
Subjective symptoms may be the only residual of TBI or may be associated with cognitive impairment or other areas of dysfunction. Evaluate subjective symptoms that are residuals of TBI, whether or not they are part of cognitive impairment, under the subjective symptoms facet in the table titled “Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment and Other Residuals of TBI Not Otherwise Classified.” However, separately evaluate any residual with a distinct diagnosis that may be evaluated under another diagnostic code, such as migraine headache or Meniere's disease, even if that diagnosis is based on subjective symptoms, rather than under the “Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment and Other Residuals of TBI Not Otherwise Classified” table
Evaluate emotional/behavioral dysfunction under §4.130 (Schedule of ratings—mental disorders) when there is a diagnosis of a mental disorder. When there is no diagnosis of a mental disorder, evaluate emotional/behavioral symptoms under the criteria in the table titled “Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment and Other Residuals of TBI Not Otherwise Classified.”
Evaluate physical (including neurological) dysfunction based on the following list, under an appropriate diagnostic code: Motor and sensory dysfunction, including pain, of the extremities and face; visual impairment; hearing loss and tinnitus; loss of sense of smell and taste; seizures; gait, coordination, and balance problems; speech and other communication difficulties, including aphasia and related disorders, and dysarthria; neurogenic bladder; neurogenic bowel; cranial nerve dysfunctions; autonomic nerve dysfunctions; and endocrine dysfunctions.
The preceding list of types of physical dysfunction does not encompass all possible residuals of TBI. For residuals not listed here that are reported on an examination, evaluate under the most appropriate diagnostic code. Evaluate each condition separately, as long as the same signs and symptoms are not used to support more than one evaluation, and combine under §4.25 the evaluations for each separately rated condition. The evaluation assigned based on the “Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment and Other Residuals of TBI Not Otherwise Classified” table will be considered the evaluation for a single condition for purposes of combining with other disability evaluations
Consider the need for special monthly compensation for such problems as loss of use of an extremity, certain sensory impairments, erectile dysfunction, the need for aid and attendance (including for protection from hazards or dangers incident to the daily environment due to cognitive impairment), being housebound, etc
Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment and Subjective Symptoms
The table titled “Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment and Other Residuals of TBI Not Otherwise Classified” contains 10 important facets of TBI related to cognitive impairment and subjective symptoms. It provides criteria for levels of impairment for each facet, as appropriate, ranging from 0 to 3, and a 5th level, the highest level of impairment, labeled “total.” However, not every facet has every level of severity. The Consciousness facet, for example, does not provide for an impairment level other than “total,” since any level of impaired consciousness would be totally disabling. Assign a 100-percent evaluation if “total” is the level of evaluation for one or more facets. If no facet is evaluated as “total,” assign the overall percentage evaluation based on the level of the highest facet as follows: 0 = 0 percent; 1 = 10 percent; 2 = 40 percent; and 3 = 70 percent. For example, assign a 70 percent evaluation if 3 is the highest level of evaluation for any facet.
Note (1): There may be an overlap of manifestations of conditions evaluated under the table titled “Evaluation Of Cognitive Impairment And Other Residuals Of TBI Not Otherwise Classified” with manifestations of a comorbid mental or neurologic or other physical disorder that can be separately evaluated under another diagnostic code. In such cases, do not assign more than one evaluation based on the same manifestations. If the manifestations of two or more conditions cannot be clearly separated, assign a single evaluation under whichever set of diagnostic criteria allows the better assessment of overall impaired functioning due to both conditions. However, if the manifestations are clearly separable, assign a separate evaluation for each condition.
Note (2): Symptoms listed as examples at certain evaluation levels in the table are only examples and are not symptoms that must be present in order to assign a particular evaluation.
Note (3): “Instrumental activities of daily living” refers to activities other than self-care that are needed for independent living, such as meal preparation, doing housework and other chores, shopping, traveling, doing laundry, being responsible for one's own medications, and using a telephone. These activities are distinguished from “Activities of daily living,” which refers to basic self-care and includes bathing or showering, dressing, eating, getting in or out of bed or a chair, and using the toilet.
Note (4): The terms “mild,” “moderate,” and “severe” TBI, which may appear in medical records, refer to a classification of TBI made at, or close to, the time of injury rather than to the current level of functioning. This classification does not affect the rating assigned under diagnostic code 8045.
Note (5): A veteran whose residuals of TBI are rated under a version of §4.124a, diagnostic code 8045, in effect before October 23, 2008 may request review under diagnostic code 8045, irrespective of whether his or her disability has worsened since the last review. VA will review that veteran's disability rating to determine whether the veteran may be entitled to a higher disability rating under diagnostic code 8045. A request for review pursuant to this note will be treated as a claim for an increased rating for purposes of determining the effective date of an increased rating awarded as a result of such review; however, in no case will the award be effective before October 23, 2008. For the purposes of determining the effective date of an increased rating awarded as a result of such review, VA will apply 38 CFR 3.114, if applicable.
8046 Cerebral arteriosclerosis:
Purely neurological disabilities, such as hemiplegia, cranial nerve paralysis, etc., due to cerebral arteriosclerosis will be rated under the diagnostic codes dealing with such specific disabilities, with citation of a hyphenated diagnostic code (e.g., 8046-8207).
Purely subjective complaints such as headache, dizziness, tinnitus, insomnia and irritability, recognized as symptomatic of a properly diagnosed cerebral arteriosclerosis, will be rated 10 percent and no more under diagnostic code 9305. This 10 percent rating will not be combined with any other rating for a disability due to cerebral or generalized arteriosclerosis. Ratings in excess of 10 percent for cerebral arteriosclerosis under diagnostic code 9305 are not assignable in the absence of a diagnosis of multi-infarct dementia with cerebral arteriosclerosis.
Note: The ratings under code 8046 apply only when the diagnosis of cerebral arteriosclerosis is substantiated by the entire clinical picture and not solely on findings of retinal arteriosclerosis.
Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment and Other Residuals of TBI Not Otherwise Classified
Facets of cognitive
impairment and other
residuals of TBI not
otherwise classified
Level of
Memory, attention, concentration, executive functions 0 No complaints of impairment of memory, attention, concentration, or executive functions.
1 A complaint of mild loss of memory (such as having difficulty following a conversation, recalling recent conversations, remembering names of new acquaintances, or finding words, or often misplacing items), attention, concentration, or executive functions, but without objective evidence on testing.
2 Objective evidence on testing of mild impairment of memory, attention, concentration, or executive functions resulting in mild functional impairment.
3 Objective evidence on testing of moderate impairment of memory, attention, concentration, or executive functions resulting in moderate functional impairment.
Total Objective evidence on testing of severe impairment of memory, attention, concentration, or executive functions resulting in severe functional impairment.
Judgment 0 Normal.
1 Mildly impaired judgment. For complex or unfamiliar decisions, occasionally unable to identify, understand, and weigh the alternatives, understand the consequences of choices, and make a reasonable decision.
2 Moderately impaired judgment. For complex or unfamiliar decisions, usually unable to identify, understand, and weigh the alternatives, understand the consequences of choices, and make a reasonable decision, although has little difficulty with simple decisions.
3 Moderately severely impaired judgment. For even routine and familiar decisions, occasionally unable to identify, understand, and weigh the alternatives, understand the consequences of choices, and make a reasonable decision.
Total Severely impaired judgment. For even routine and familiar decisions, usually unable to identify, understand, and weigh the alternatives, understand the consequences of choices, and make a reasonable decision. For example, unable to determine appropriate clothing for current weather conditions or judge when to avoid dangerous situations or activities.
Social interaction 0 Social interaction is routinely appropriate.
1 Social interaction is occasionally inappropriate.
2 Social interaction is frequently inappropriate.
3 Social interaction is inappropriate most or all of the time.
Orientation 0 Always oriented to person, time, place, and situation.
1 Occasionally disoriented to one of the four aspects (person, time, place, situation) of orientation.
2 Occasionally disoriented to two of the four aspects (person, time, place, situation) of orientation or often disoriented to one aspect of orientation.
3 Often disoriented to two or more of the four aspects (person, time, place, situation) of orientation.
Total Consistently disoriented to two or more of the four aspects (person, time, place, situation) of orientation.
Motor activity (with intact motor and sensory system) 0 Motor activity normal.
1 Motor activity normal most of the time, but mildly slowed at times due to apraxia (inability to perform previously learned motor activities, despite normal motor function).
2 Motor activity mildly decreased or with moderate slowing due to apraxia.
3 Motor activity moderately decreased due to apraxia.
Total Motor activity severely decreased due to apraxia.
Visual spatial orientation 0 Normal.
1 Mildly impaired. Occasionally gets lost in unfamiliar surroundings, has difficulty reading maps or following directions. Is able to use assistive devices such as GPS (global positioning system).
2 Moderately impaired. Usually gets lost in unfamiliar surroundings, has difficulty reading maps, following directions, and judging distance. Has difficulty using assistive devices such as GPS (global positioning system).
3 Moderately severely impaired. Gets lost even in familiar surroundings, unable to use assistive devices such as GPS (global positioning system).
Total Severely impaired. May be unable to touch or name own body parts when asked by the examiner, identify the relative position in space of two different objects, or find the way from one room to another in a familiar environment.
Subjective symptoms 0 Subjective symptoms that do not interfere with work; instrumental activities of daily living; or work, family, or other close relationships. Examples are: mild or occasional headaches, mild anxiety.
1 Three or more subjective symptoms that mildly interfere with work; instrumental activities of daily living; or work, family, or other close relationships. Examples of findings that might be seen at this level of impairment are: intermittent dizziness, daily mild to moderate headaches, tinnitus, frequent insomnia, hypersensitivity to sound, hypersensitivity to light.
2 Three or more subjective symptoms that moderately interfere with work; instrumental activities of daily living; or work, family, or other close relationships. Examples of findings that might be seen at this level of impairment are: marked fatigability, blurred or double vision, headaches requiring rest periods during most days.
Neurobehavioral effects 0 One or more neurobehavioral effects that do not interfere with workplace interaction or social interaction. Examples of neurobehavioral effects are: Irritability, impulsivity, unpredictability, lack of motivation, verbal aggression, physical aggression, belligerence, apathy, lack of empathy, moodiness, lack of cooperation, inflexibility, and impaired awareness of disability. Any of these effects may range from slight to severe, although verbal and physical aggression are likely to have a more serious impact on workplace interaction and social interaction than some of the other effects.
1 One or more neurobehavioral effects that occasionally interfere with workplace interaction, social interaction, or both but do not preclude them.
2 One or more neurobehavioral effects that frequently interfere with workplace interaction, social interaction, or both but do not preclude them.
3 One or more neurobehavioral effects that interfere with or preclude workplace interaction, social interaction, or both on most days or that occasionally require supervision for safety of self or others.
Communication 0 Able to communicate by spoken and written language (expressive communication), and to comprehend spoken and written language.
1 Comprehension or expression, or both, of either spoken language or written language is only occasionally impaired. Can communicate complex ideas.
2 Inability to communicate either by spoken language, written language, or both, more than occasionally but less than half of the time, or to comprehend spoken language, written language, or both, more than occasionally but less than half of the time. Can generally communicate complex ideas.
3 Inability to communicate either by spoken language, written language, or both, at least half of the time but not all of the time, or to comprehend spoken language, written language, or both, at least half of the time but not all of the time. May rely on gestures or other alternative modes of communication. Able to communicate basic needs.
Total Complete inability to communicate either by spoken language, written language, or both, or to comprehend spoken language, written language, or both. Unable to communicate basic needs.
Consciousness Total Persistently altered state of consciousness, such as vegetative state, minimally responsive state, coma.
Miscellaneous Diseases
8100 Migraine:
With very frequent completely prostrating and prolonged attacks productive of severe economic inadaptability 50
With characteristic prostrating attacks occurring on an average once a month over last several months 30
With characteristic prostrating attacks averaging one in 2 months over last several months 10
With less frequent attacks 0
8103 Tic, convulsive:
Note: Depending upon frequency, severity, muscle groups involved.
8104 Paramyoclonus multiplex (convulsive state, myoclonic type):
Rate as tic; convulsive; severe cases 60
8105 Chorea, Sydenham's:
Pronounced, progressive grave types 100
Mild 10
Note: Consider rheumatic etiology and complications.
8106 Chorea, Huntington's.
Rate as Sydenham's chorea. This, though a familial disease, has its onset in late adult life, and is considered a ratable disability.
8107 Athetosis, acquired.
Rate as chorea.
8108 Narcolepsy.
Rate as for epilepsy, petit mal.
Diseases of the Cranial Nerves
Disability from lesions of peripheral portions of first, second, third, fourth, sixth, and eighth nerves will be rated under the Organs of Special Sense. The ratings for the cranial nerves are for unilateral involvement; when bilateral, combine but without the bilateral factor.
Fifth (trigeminal) cranial nerve
8205 Paralysis of:
Incomplete, severe 30
Incomplete, moderate 10
Note: Dependent upon relative degree of sensory manifestation or motor loss.
8305 Neuritis.
8405 Neuralgia.
Note: Tic douloureux may be rated in accordance with severity, up to complete paralysis.
Seventh (facial) cranial nerve
Note: Dependent upon relative loss of innervation of facial muscles.
Ninth (glossopharyngeal) cranial nerve
Note: Dependent upon relative loss of ordinary sensation in mucous membrane of the pharynx, fauces, and tonsils.
Tenth (pneumogastric, vagus) cranial nerve
Note : Dependent upon extent of sensory and motor loss to organs of voice, respiration, pharynx, stomach and heart.
Eleventh (spinal accessory, external branch) cranial nerve.
Note: Dependent upon loss of motor function of sternomastoid and trapezius muscles.
Twelfth (hypoglossal) cranial nerve.
Note: Dependent upon loss of motor function of tongue.
Diseases of the Peripheral Nerves
Schedule of ratings
The term “incomplete paralysis,” with this and other peripheral nerve injuries, indicates a degree of lost or impaired function substantially less than the type picture for complete paralysis given with each nerve, whether due to varied level of the nerve lesion or to partial regeneration. When the involvement is wholly sensory, the rating should be for the mild, or at most, the moderate degree. The ratings for the peripheral nerves are for unilateral involvement; when bilateral, combine with application of the bilateral factor.
Upper radicular group (fifth and sixth cervicals)
Complete; all shoulder and elbow movements lost or severely affected, hand and wrist movements not affected 70 60
Incomplete:
Mild 20 20
Middle radicular group
Complete; adduction, abduction and rotation of arm, flexion of elbow, and extension of wrist lost or severely affected 70 60
Lower radicular group
Complete; all intrinsic muscles of hand, and some or all of flexors of wrist and fingers, paralyzed (substantial loss of use of hand) 70 60
All radicular groups
Complete 90 80
The musculospiral nerve (radial nerve)
Complete; drop of hand and fingers, wrist and fingers perpetually flexed, the thumb adducted falling within the line of the outer border of the index finger; can not extend hand at wrist, extend proximal phalanges of fingers, extend thumb, or make lateral movement of wrist; supination of hand, extension and flexion of elbow weakened, the loss of synergic motion of extensors impairs the hand grip seriously; total paralysis of the triceps occurs only as the greatest rarity 70 60
Note: Lesions involving only “dissociation of extensor communis digitorum” and “paralysis below the extensor communis digitorum,” will not exceed the moderate rating under code 8514.
The median nerve
Complete; the hand inclined to the ulnar side, the index and middle fingers more extended than normally, considerable atrophy of the muscles of the thenar eminence, the thumb in the plane of the hand (ape hand); pronation incomplete and defective, absence of flexion of index finger and feeble flexion of middle finger, cannot make a fist, index and middle fingers remain extended; cannot flex distal phalanx of thumb, defective opposition and abduction of the thumb, at right angles to palm; flexion of wrist weakened; pain with trophic disturbances 70 60
The ulnar nerve
Complete; the “griffin claw” deformity, due to flexor contraction of ring and little fingers, atrophy very marked in dorsal interspace and thenar and hypothenar eminences; loss of extension of ring and little fingers cannot spread the fingers (or reverse), cannot adduct the thumb; flexion of wrist weakened 60 50
Complete; weakness but not loss of flexion of elbow and supination of forearm 30 20
Mild 0 0
Circumflex nerve
Complete; abduction of arm is impossible, outward rotation is weakened; muscles supplied are deltoid and teres minor 50 40
Long thoracic nerve
Complete; inability to raise arm above shoulder level, winged scapula deformity 30 20
Note: Not to be combined with lost motion above shoulder level.
Note: Combined nerve injuries should be rated by reference to the major involvement, or if sufficient in extent, consider radicular group ratings.
Complete; the foot dangles and drops, no active movement possible of muscles below the knee, flexion of knee weakened or (very rarely) lost 80
Severe, with marked muscular atrophy 60
External popliteal nerve (common peroneal)
Complete; foot drop and slight droop of first phalanges of all toes, cannot dorsiflex the foot, extension (dorsal flexion) of proximal phalanges of toes lost; abduction of foot lost, adduction weakened; anesthesia covers entire dorsum of foot and toes 40
Musculocutaneous nerve (superficial peroneal)
Complete; eversion of foot weakened 30
Anterior tibial nerve (deep peroneal)
Complete; dorsal flexion of foot lost 30
Internal popliteal nerve (tibial)
Complete; plantar flexion lost, frank adduction of foot impossible, flexion and separation of toes abolished; no muscle in sole can move; in lesions of the nerve high in popliteal fossa, plantar flexion of foot is lost 40
Posterior tibial nerve
Complete; paralysis of all muscles of sole of foot, frequently with painful paralysis of a causalgic nature; toes cannot be flexed; adduction is weakened; plantar flexion is impaired 30
Anterior crural nerve (femoral)
Complete; paralysis of quadriceps extensor muscles 40
Internal saphenous nerve
Severe to complete 10
Mild to moderate 0
External cutaneous nerve of thigh
Ilio-inguinal nerve
8540 Soft-tissue sarcoma (of neurogenic origin) 100
Note: The 100 percent rating will be continued for 6 months following the cessation of surgical, X-ray, antineoplastic chemotherapy or other therapeutic procedure. At this point, if there has been no local recurrence or metastases, the rating will be made on residuals.
The Epilepsies
A thorough study of all material in §§4.121 and 4.122 of the preface and under the ratings for epilepsy is necessary prior to any rating action.
8910 Epilepsy, grand mal.
Rate under the general rating formula for major seizures.
8911 Epilepsy, petit mal.
Rate under the general rating formula for minor seizures.
Note (1): A major seizure is characterized by the generalized tonic-clonic convulsion with unconsciousness.
Note (2): A minor seizure consists of a brief interruption in consciousness or conscious control associated with staring or rhythmic blinking of the eyes or nodding of the head (“pure” petit mal), or sudden jerking movements of the arms, trunk, or head (myoclonic type) or sudden loss of postural control (akinetic type).
General Rating Formula for Major and Minor Epileptic Seizures:
Averaging at least 1 major seizure per month over the last year 100
Averaging at least 1 major seizure in 3 months over the last year; or more than 10 minor seizures weekly 80
Averaging at least 1 major seizure in 4 months over the last year; or 9-10 minor seizures per week 60
At least 1 major seizure in the last 6 months or 2 in the last year; or averaging at least 5 to 8 minor seizures weekly 40
At least 1 major seizure in the last 2 years; or at least 2 minor seizures in the last 6 months 20
A confirmed diagnosis of epilepsy with a history of seizures 10
Note (1): When continuous medication is shown necessary for the control of epilepsy, the minimum evaluation will be 10 percent. This rating will not be combined with any other rating for epilepsy.
Note (2): In the presence of major and minor seizures, rate the predominating type.
Note (3): There will be no distinction between diurnal and nocturnal major seizures.
8912 Epilepsy, Jacksonian and focal motor or sensory.
8913 Epilepsy, diencephalic.
Rate as minor seizures, except in the presence of major and minor seizures, rate the predominating type.
8914 Epilepsy, psychomotor.
Major seizures:
Psychomotor seizures will be rated as major seizures under the general rating formula when characterized by automatic states and/or generalized convulsions with unconsciousness.
Minor seizures:
Psychomotor seizures will be rated as minor seizures under the general rating formula when characterized by brief transient episodes of random motor movements, hallucinations, perceptual illusions, abnormalities of thinking, memory or mood, or autonomic disturbances.
Mental Disorders in Epilepsies: A nonpsychotic organic brain syndrome will be rated separately under the appropriate diagnostic code (e.g., 9304 or 9326). In the absence of a diagnosis of non-psychotic organic psychiatric disturbance (psychotic, psychoneurotic or personality disorder) if diagnosed and shown to be secondary to or directly associated with epilepsy will be rated separately. The psychotic or psychroneurotic disorder will be rated under the appropriate diagnostic code. The personality disorder will be rated as a dementia (e.g., diagnostic code 9304 or 9326).
Epilepsy and Unemployability: (1) Rating specialists must bear in mind that the epileptic, although his or her seizures are controlled, may find employment and rehabilitation difficult of attainment due to employer reluctance to the hiring of the epileptic.
(2) Where a case is encountered with a definite history of unemployment, full and complete development should be undertaken to ascertain whether the epilepsy is the determining factor in his or her inability to obtain employment.
(3) The assent of the claimant should first be obtained for permission to conduct this economic and social survey. The purpose of this survey is to secure all the relevant facts and data necessary to permit of a true judgment as to the reason for his or her unemployment and should include information as to:
(a) Education;
(b) Occupations prior and subsequent to service;
(c) Places of employment and reasons for termination;
(d) Wages received;
(e) Number of seizures.
(4) Upon completion of this survey and current examination, the case should have rating board consideration. Where in the judgment of the rating board the veteran's unemployability is due to epilepsy and jurisdiction is not vested in that body by reason of schedular evaluations, the case should be submitted to the Compensation Service or the Director, Pension and Fiduciary Service.
[29 FR 6718, May 22, 1964, as amended at 40 FR 42540, Sept. 15, 1975; 41 FR 11302, Mar. 18, 1976; 43 FR 45362, Oct. 2, 1978; 54 FR 4282, Jan. 30, 1989; 54 FR 49755, Dec. 1, 1989; 55 FR 154, Jan. 3, 1990; 56 FR 51653, Oct. 15, 1991; 57 FR 24364, June 9, 1992; 70 FR 75399, Dec. 20, 2005; 73 FR 54705, Sept. 23, 2008; 73 FR 69554, Nov. 19, 2008; 76 FR 78824, Dec. 20, 2011; 79 FR 2100, Jan. 13, 2014]
(a) If the diagnosis of a mental disorder does not conform to DSM-5 or is not supported by the findings on the examination report, the rating agency shall return the report to the examiner to substantiate the diagnosis. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), American Psychiatric Association (2013), is incorporated by reference into this section with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. To enforce any edition other than that specified in this section, the Department of Veterans Affairs must publish notice of change in the Federal Register and the material must be available to the public. All approved material is available from the American Psychiatric Association, 1000 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1825, Arlington, VA 22209-3901, 703-907-7300, http://www.dsm5.org. It is also available for inspection at the Office of Regulation Policy and Management, Department of Veterans Affairs, 810 Vermont Avenue NW., Room 1068, Washington, DC 20420. It is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this information at NARA, call 202-741-6030 or go to http://www.archives.gov/federal__register/code__of__federal__regulations/ibr__publications.html.
(b) If the diagnosis of a mental disorder is changed, the rating agency shall determine whether the new diagnosis represents progression of the prior diagnosis, correction of an error in the prior diagnosis, or development of a new and separate condition. If it is not clear from the available records what the change of diagnosis represents, the rating agency shall return the report to the examiner for a determination.
[61 FR 52700, Oct. 8, 1996, as amended at 79 FR 45099, Aug. 4, 2014]
(a) When evaluating a mental disorder, the rating agency shall consider the frequency, severity, and duration of psychiatric symptoms, the length of remissions, and the veteran's capacity for adjustment during periods of remission. The rating agency shall assign an evaluation based on all the evidence of record that bears on occupational and social impairment rather than solely on the examiner's assessment of the level of disability at the moment of the examination.
(b) When evaluating the level of disability from a mental disorder, the rating agency will consider the extent of social impairment, but shall not assign an evaluation solely on the basis of social impairment.
(c) Neurocognitive disorders shall be evaluated under the general rating formula for mental disorders; neurologic deficits or other impairments stemming from the same etiology (e.g., a head injury) shall be evaluated separately and combined with the evaluation for neurocognitive disorders (see §4.25).
(d) When a single disability has been diagnosed both as a physical condition and as a mental disorder, the rating agency shall evaluate it using a diagnostic code which represents the dominant (more disabling) aspect of the condition (see §4.14).
Intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder) and personality disorders are not diseases or injuries for compensation purposes, and, except as provided in §3.310(a) of this chapter, disability resulting from them may not be service-connected. However, disability resulting from a mental disorder that is superimposed upon intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder) or a personality disorder may be service-connected.
[79 FR 45100, Aug. 4, 2014]
If a mental disorder has been assigned a total evaluation due to a continuous period of hospitalization lasting six months or more, the rating agency shall continue the total evaluation indefinitely and schedule a mandatory examination six months after the veteran is discharged or released to nonbed care. A change in evaluation based on that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter.
When a mental disorder that develops in service as a result of a highly stressful event is severe enough to bring about the veteran's release from active military service, the rating agency shall assign an evaluation of not less than 50 percent and schedule an examination within the six month period following the veteran's discharge to determine whether a change in evaluation is warranted.
The nomenclature employed in this portion of the rating schedule is based upon the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) (see §4.125 for availability information). Rating agencies must be thoroughly familiar with this manual to properly implement the directives in §4.125 through §4.129 and to apply the general rating formula for mental disorders in §4.130. The schedule for rating for mental disorders is set forth as follows:
9201 Schizophrenia
9202 [Removed]
9208 Delusional disorder
9210 Other specified and unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders
9211 Schizoaffective disorder
9300 Delirium
9301 Major or mild neurocognitive disorder due to HIV or other infections
9304 Major or mild neurocognitive disorder due to traumatic brain injury
9305 Major or mild vascular neurocognitive disorder
9310 Unspecified neurocognitive disorder
9312 Major or mild neurocognitive disorder due to Alzheimer's disease
9326 Major or mild neurocognitive disorder due to another medical condition or substance/medication-induced major or mild neurocognitive disorder
9400 Generalized anxiety disorder
9403 Specific phobia; social anxiety disorder (social phobia)
9404 Obsessive compulsive disorder
9410 Other specified anxiety disorder
9411 Posttraumatic stress disorder
9412 Panic disorder and/or agoraphobia
9413 Unspecified anxiety disorder
9416 Dissociative amnesia; dissociative identity disorder
9417 Depersonalization/Derealization disorder
9421 Somatic symptom disorder
9422 Other specified somatic symptom and related disorder
9423 Unspecified somatic symptom and related disorder
9424 Conversion disorder (functional neurological symptom disorder)
9425 Illness anxiety disorder
9431 Cyclothymic disorder
9432 Bipolar disorder
9433 Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)
9434 Major depressive disorder
9435 Unspecified depressive disorder
9440 Chronic adjustment disorder
General Rating Formula for Mental Disorders
Total occupational and social impairment, due to such symptoms as: gross impairment in thought processes or communication; persistent delusions or hallucinations; grossly inappropriate behavior; persistent danger of hurting self or others; intermittent inability to perform activities of daily living (including maintenance of minimal personal hygiene); disorientation to time or place; memory loss for names of close relatives, own occupation, or own name. 100
Occupational and social impairment, with deficiencies in most areas, such as work, school, family relations, judgment, thinking, or mood, due to such symptoms as: suicidal ideation; obsessional rituals which interfere with routine activities; speech intermittently illogical, obscure, or irrelevant; near-continuous panic or depression affecting the ability to function independently, appropriately and effectively; impaired impulse control (such as unprovoked irritability with periods of violence); spatial disorientation; neglect of personal appearance and hygiene; difficulty in adapting to stressful circumstances (including work or a worklike setting); inability to establish and maintain effective relationships. 70
Occupational and social impairment with reduced reliability and productivity due to such symptoms as: flattened affect; circumstantial, circumlocutory, or stereotyped speech; panic attacks more than once a week; difficulty in understanding complex commands; impairment of short- and long-term memory (e.g., retention of only highly learned material, forgetting to complete tasks); impaired judgment; impaired abstract thinking; disturbances of motivation and mood; difficulty in establishing and maintaining effective work and social relationships. 50
Occupational and social impairment with occasional decrease in work efficiency and intermittent periods of inability to perform occupational tasks (although generally functioning satisfactorily, with routine behavior, self-care, and conversation normal), due to such symptoms as: depressed mood, anxiety, suspiciousness, panic attacks (weekly or less often), chronic sleep impairment, mild memory loss (such as forgetting names, directions, recent events). 30
Occupational and social impairment due to mild or transient symptoms which decrease work efficiency and ability to perform occupational tasks only during periods of significant stress, or symptoms controlled by continuous medication. 10
A mental condition has been formally diagnosed, but symptoms are not severe enough either to interfere with occupational and social functioning or to require continuous medication. 0
9520 Anorexia nervosa
9521 Bulimia nervosa
Rating Formula for Eating Disorders
Self-induced weight loss to less than 80 percent of expected minimum weight, with incapacitating episodes of at least six weeks total duration per year, and requiring hospitalization more than twice a year for parenteral nutrition or tube feeding. 100
Self-induced weight loss to less than 85 percent of expected minimum weight with incapacitating episodes of six or more weeks total duration per year. 60
Self-induced weight loss to less than 85 percent of expected minimum weight with incapacitating episodes of more than two but less than six weeks total duration per year. 30
Binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting or other measures to prevent weight gain, or resistance to weight gain even when below expected minimum weight, with diagnosis of an eating disorder and incapacitating episodes of up to two weeks total duration per year. 10
Binge eating followed by self-induced vomiting or other measures to prevent weight gain, or resistance to weight gain even when below expected minimum weight, with diagnosis of an eating disorder but without incapacitating episodes. 0
Note 1: An incapacitating episode is a period during which bed rest and treatment by a physician are required.
Note 2: Ratings under diagnostic codes 9201 to 9440 will be evaluated using the General Rating Formula for Mental Disorders. Ratings under diagnostic codes 9520 and 9521 will be evaluated using the General Rating Formula for Eating Disorders.
Note (1): For VA compensation purposes, diagnostic imaging studies include, but are not limited to, conventional radiography (X-ray), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), radionuclide bone scanning, or ultrasonography
Note (2): Separately evaluate loss of vocal articulation, loss of smell, loss of taste, neurological impairment, respiratory dysfunction, and other impairments under the appropriate diagnostic code and combine under §4.25 for each separately rated condition
9900 Maxilla or mandible, chronic osteomyelitis, osteonecrosis or osteoradionecrosis of:
Rate as osteomyelitis, chronic under diagnostic code 5000.
9901 Mandible, loss of, complete, between angles 100
9902 Mandible, loss of, including ramus, unilaterally or bilaterally:
Loss of one-half or more,
Involving temporomandibular articulation
Not replaceable by prosthesis 70
Replaceable by prosthesis 50
Not involving temporomandibular articulation.
Loss of less than one-half,
Involving temporomandibular articulation.
9903 Mandible, nonunion of, confirmed by diagnostic imaging studies:
Severe, with false motion 30
Moderate, without false motion 10
9904 Mandible, malunion of:
Displacement, causing severe anterior or posterior open bite 20
Displacement, causing moderate anterior or posterior open bite 10
Displacement, not causing anterior or posterior open bite 0
9905 Temporomandibular disorder (TMD):
Interincisal range:
0 to 10 millimeters (mm) of maximum unassisted vertical opening.
With dietary restrictions to all mechanically altered foods 50
Without dietary restrictions to mechanically altered foods 40
11 to 20 mm of maximum unassisted vertical opening.
With dietary restrictions to full liquid and pureed foods 40
With dietary restrictions to soft and semi-solid foods 30
Lateral excursion range of motion:
0 to 4 mm 10
Note (1): Ratings for limited interincisal movement shall not be combined with ratings for limited lateral excursion
Note (2): For VA compensation purposes, the normal maximum unassisted range of vertical jaw opening is from 35 to 50 mm
Note (3): For VA compensation purposes, mechanically altered foods are defined as altered by blending, chopping, grinding or mashing so that they are easy to chew and swallow. There are four levels of mechanically altered foods: full liquid, puree, soft, and semisolid foods. To warrant elevation based on mechanically altered foods, the use of texture-modified diets must be recorded or verified by a physician
9908 Condyloid process, loss of, one or both sides 30
9909 Coronoid process, loss of:
9911 Hard palate, loss of:
Loss of half or more, not replaceable by prosthesis 30
Loss of less than half, not replaceable by prosthesis 20
Loss of half or more, replaceable by prosthesis 10
Loss of less than half, replaceable by prosthesis 0
9913 Teeth, loss of, due to loss of substance of body of maxilla or mandible without loss of continuity:
Where the lost masticatory surface cannot be restored by suitable prosthesis:
Loss of all teeth 40
Loss of all upper teeth 30
Loss of all lower teeth 30
All upper and lower posterior teeth missing 20
All upper and lower anterior teeth missing 20
All upper anterior teeth missing 10
All lower anterior teeth missing 10
All upper and lower teeth on one side missing 10
Where the loss of masticatory surface can be restored by suitable prosthesis 0
Note—These ratings apply only to bone loss through trauma or disease such as osteomyelitis, and not to the loss of the alveolar process as a result of periodontal disease, since such loss is not considered disabling
9914 Maxilla, loss of more than half:
Not replaceable by prosthesis 100
9915 Maxilla, loss of half or less:
Loss of 25 to 50 percent:
Loss of less than 25 percent:
Replaceable by prosthesis 0
9916 Maxilla, malunion or nonunion of:
Nonunion,
With false motion 30
Without false motion 10
Malunion,
With displacement, causing severe anterior or posterior open bite 30
With displacement, causing moderate anterior or posterior open bite 10
With displacement, causing mild anterior or posterior open bite 0
Note: For VA compensation purposes, the severity of maxillary nonunion is dependent upon the degree of abnormal mobility of maxilla fragments following treatment (i.e., presence or absence of false motion), and maxillary nonunion must be confirmed by diagnostic imaging studies
9917 Neoplasm, hard and soft tissue, benign:
Rate as loss of supporting structures (bone or teeth) and/or functional impairment due to scarring.
9918 Neoplasm, hard and soft tissue, malignant 100
Note: A rating of 100 percent shall continue beyond the cessation of any surgical, radiation, antineoplastic chemotherapy or other therapeutic procedure. Six months after discontinuance of such treatment, the appropriate disability rating shall be determined by mandatory VA examination. Any change in evaluation based upon that or any subsequent examination shall be subject to the provisions of §3.105(e) of this chapter. If there has been no local recurrence or metastasis, rate on residuals such as loss of supporting structures (bone or teeth) and/or functional impairment due to scarring
[59 FR 2530, Jan. 18, 1994, as amended at 82 FR 36083, Aug. 3, 2017]
Diagnostic code No.
4.71a 5000 Evaluation February 1, 1962.
5001 Evaluation March 11, 1969.
5002 Evaluation March 1, 1963.
5003 Added July 6, 1950.
5012 Criterion March 10, 1976.
5024 Criterion March 1, 1963.
5025 Added May 7, 1996.
5051 Added September 22, 1978. Note July 16, 2015.
5100-5103 Removed March 10, 1976.
5164 Evaluation June 9, 1952.
5166 Criterion September 22, 1978.
5173 Added June 9, 1952.
5174 Added September 9, 1975; removed September 22, 1978.
5216 Preceding paragraph criterion September 22, 1978.
5217 Criterion August 26, 2002.
5219 Criterion September 22, 1978; criterion August 26, 2002.
5220 Preceding paragraph criterion September 22, 1978; criterion August 26, 2002.
5228 Added August 26, 2002.
5235-5243 Replaces 5285-5295 September 26, 2003.
5255 Criterion July 6, 1950.
5257 Evaluation July 6, 1950.
5275 Criterion March 10, 1976; criterion September 22, 1978.
5285-5292 Revised to 5235-5243 September 26, 2003.
5293 Criterion March 10, 1976; criterion September 23, 2002; revised and moved to 5235-5243 September 26, 2003.
5294 Evaluation March 10, 1976; revised and moved to 5235-5243 September 26, 2003.
5297 Criterion August 23, 1948; criterion February 1, 1962.
4.73 Introduction NOTE criterion July 3, 1997.
5324 Added February 1, 1962.
5327 Added March 10, 1976; criterion October 15, 1991; criterion July 3, 1997.
5328 Added NOTE March 10, 1976.
5329 Added NOTE July 3, 1997.
4.77 Revised May 13, 2018.
4.79 Introduction criterion May 13, 2018; Revised General Rating Formula for Diseases of the Eye NOTE revised May 13, 2018.
6000 Criterion May 13, 2018.
6006 Title May 13, 2018. Criterion May 13, 2018.
6011 Evaluation May 13, 2018.
6014 Title May 13, 2018.
6019 Evaluation.
6040 Added May 13, 2018.
4.84a Table V criterion July 1, 1994.
6029 NOTE August 23, 1948; criterion September 22, 1978.
6035 Added September 9, 1975.
6061 Added March 10, 1976.
6063-6079 Criterion September 22, 1978.
6076 Evaluation August 23, 1948.
6090 Criterion September 22, 1978; criterion September 12, 1988.
4.84b 6260 Added October 1, 1961; criterion October 1, 1961; evaluation March 10, 1976; removed December 18, 1987; re-designated §4.87a December 18, 1987.
4.87 Tables VI and VII replaced by new Tables VI, VIA, and VII December 18, 1987. 6200-6260 revised and re-designated §4.87 June 10, 1999.
4.87a 6200-6260 Moved to §4.87 June 10, 1999.
6275-6276 Moved from §4.87b June 10, 1999.
6277-6297 March 23, 1956 removed, December 17, 1987; Table II revised Table V March 10, 1976; Table II revised to Table VII September 22, 1978; text from §4.84b Schedule of ratings-ear re-designated from §4.87 December 17, 1987.
6286 Removed December 17, 1987.
6291 Criterion March 10, 1976; removed December 17, 1987.
4.87b Removed June 10, 1999.
4.88a March 11, 1969; re-designated §4.88b November 29, 1994; §4.88a added to read “Chronic fatigue syndrome”; criterion November 29, 1994.
4.88b Added March 11, 1969; re-designated §4.88c November 29, 1994; §4.88a re-designated to §4.88b November 29, 1994; General Rating Formula for Infectious Diseases added August 11, 2019.
6300 Criterion August 30, 1996; title, criterion, and note August 11, 2019.
6301 Criterion, note August 11, 2019.
6302 Criterion September 22, 1978; criterion August 30, 1996; criterion, note August 11, 2019.
6304 Evaluation August 30, 1996; criterion, note August 11, 2019.
6305 Criterion March 1, 1989; evaluation August 30, 1996; title, criterion, note August 11, 2019.
6307 Criterion May 13, 2018; criterion, note August 11, 2019.
6308 Criterion August 30, 1996; criterion, note August 11, 2019.
6309 Added March 1, 1963; criterion March 1, 1989; criterion August 30, 1996; criterion, note August 11, 2019.
6314 Evaluation March 1, 1989; evaluation August 30, 1996.
6316 Evaluation March 1, 1989; evaluation August 30, 1996; criterion, note August 11, 2019.
6317 Criterion August 30, 1996; title, criterion, note August 11, 2019.
6318 Added March 1, 1989; criterion August 30, 1996; criterion, note August 11, 2019.
6319 Added August 30, 1996; criterion, note August 11, 2019.
6350 Evaluation March 1, 1963; evaluation March 10, 1976; evaluation August 30, 1996.
6351 Added March 1, 1989; evaluation March 24, 1992; criterion August 30, 1996; criterion, note August 11, 2019.
6352 Added March 1, 1989; removed March 24, 1992.
6354 Added November 29, 1994; criterion August 30, 1996; title, criterion, note August 11, 2019.
4.88c Re-designated from §4.88b November 29, 1994.
4.89 Ratings for nonpulmonary TB December 1, 1949; criterion March 11, 1969.
4.97 6502 Criterion October 7, 1996.
6504 Criterion October 7, 1996.
6510-6514 Criterion October 7, 1996.
6517 Removed October 7, 1996.
6521 Added October 7, 1996.
6600 Evaluation September 9, 1975; criterion October 7, 1996.
6602 Criterion September 9, 1975; criterion October 7, 1996.
6603 Added September 9, 1975; criterion October 7, 1996.
6701 Evaluation October 7, 1996.
6704 Subparagraph (1) following December 1, 1949; criterion March 11, 1969; criterion September 22, 1978.
6705 Removed March 11, 1969.
6707-6710 Added March 11, 1969; removed September 22, 1978.
6721 Criterion July 6, 1950; criterion September 22, 1978.
6724 Second note following December 1, 1949; criterion March 11, 1969; evaluation October 7, 1996.
6730 Added September 22, 1978; criterion October 7, 1996.
6731 Evaluation September 22, 1978; criterion October 7, 1996.
6800 Criterion September 9, 1975; removed October 7, 1996.
6810-6813 Removed October 7, 1996.
6814 Criterion March 10, 1976; removed October 7, 1996.
6819 Criterion March 10, 1976; criterion October 7, 1996.
6822-6847 Added October 7, 1996.
4.104 7000 Evaluation July 6, 1950; evaluation September 22, 1978; evaluation January 12, 1998.
7001 Evaluation January 12, 1998.
7004 Criterion September 22, 1978; evaluation January 12, 1998.
7005 Evaluation September 9, 1975; evaluation September 22, 1978; evaluation January 12, 1998.
7007 Evaluation September 22, 1978; evaluation January 12, 1998.
7008 Evaluation January 12, 1998; criterion December 10, 2017.
7013 Removed January 12, 1998.
7015 Evaluation September 9, 1975; criterion January 12, 1998.
7016 Added September 9, 1975; evaluation January 12, 1998.
7017 Added September 22, 1978; evaluation January 12, 1998.
7018 Added January 12, 1998.
7101 Criterion September 1, 1960; criterion September 9, 1975; criterion January 12, 1998.
7110 Evaluation September 9, 1975; evaluation January 12, 1998.
7111 Criterion September 9, 1975; evaluation January 12, 1998.
7114 Added June 9, 1952; evaluation January 12, 1998.
7116 Added June 9, 1952; evaluation March 10, 1976; removed January 12, 1998.
7118 Criterion January 12, 1998.
7120 Note following July 6, 1950; evaluation January 12, 1998.
7121 Criterion July 6, 1950; evaluation March 10, 1976; evaluation January 12, 1998.
7122 Last sentence of Note following July 6, 1950; evaluation January 12, 1998; criterion August 13, 1998.
7123 Added October 15, 1991; criterion January 12, 1998.
4.114 Introduction paragraph revised March 10, 1976.
7304 Evaluation November 1, 1962.
7308 Evaluation April 8, 1959.
7312 Evaluation March 10, 1976; evaluation July 2, 2001.
7313 Evaluation March 10, 1976; removed July 2, 2001.
7321 Evaluation July 6, 1950; criterion March 10, 1976.
7334 Evaluation July 6, 1950; evaluation November 1, 1962.
7343 Criterion March 10, 1976; criterion July 2, 2001.
7345 Evaluation August 23, 1948; evaluation February 17, 1955; evaluation July 2, 2001.
7346 Evaluation February 1, 1962.
4.115a Re-designated and revised as §4.115b; new §4.115a “Ratings of the genitourinary system-dysfunctions” added February 17, 1994.
4.115b 7500 Note July 6, 1950; evaluation February 17, 1994, criterion September 8, 1994.
7501 Evaluation February 17, 1994.
7503 Removed February 17, 1994.
7504 Criterion February 17, 1994.
7505 Criterion March 11, 1969; evaluation February 17, 1994.
7514 Criterion March 11, 1969; removed February 17, 1994.
7519 Evaluation March 10, 1976; evaluation February 17, 1994.
7522 Criterion September 8, 1994.
7524 Note July 6, 1950; evaluation February 17, 1994; evaluation September 8, 1994.
7528 Criterion March 10, 1976; criterion February 17, 1994.
7530 Added September 9, 1975; evaluation February 17, 1994.
7531 Added September 9, 1975; criterion February 17, 1994.
7532-7542 Added February 17, 1994.
4.116 §4.116 removed and §4.116a re-designated §4.116 “Schedule of ratings-gynecological conditions and disorders of the breasts” May 22, 1995.
7610 Criterion May 22, 1995; title May 13, 2018.
7615 Criterion May 22, 1995; note May 13, 2018.
7621 Criterion May 22, 1995; evaluation May 13, 2018.
7622 Removed May 13, 2018.
7624 Criterion August 9, 1976; evaluation May 22, 1995.
7626 Criterion May 22, 1995; criterion March 18, 2002.
7627 Criterion March 10, 1976; criterion May 22, 1995; title, note May 13, 2018.
7628 Added May 22, 1995; title, criterion May 13, 2018.
4.117 7700 Removed December 9, 2018.
7701 Removed October 23, 1995.
7702 Evaluation October 23, 1995; title December 9, 2018; evaluation December 9, 2018.
7703 Evaluation August 23, 1948; criterion October 23, 1995; evaluation December 9, 2018; criterion December 9, 2018.
7704 Evaluation October 23, 1995; evaluation December 9, 2018.
7705 Evaluation October 23, 1995; title December 9, 2018; evaluation December 9, 2018; criterion December 9, 2018.
7706 Evaluation October 23, 1995; note December 9, 2018; criterion October 23, 1995.
7707 Criterion October 23, 1995.
7709 Evaluation March 10, 1976; criterion October 23, 1995; title December 9, 2018; criterion December 9, 2018.
7710 Criterion October 23, 1995; criterion December 9, 2018.
7712 Added December 9, 2018.
7714 Added September 9, 1975; criterion October 23, 1995; criterion December 9, 2018.
7715 Added October 26, 1990; criterion December 9, 2018.
7716 Added October 23, 1995; evaluation December 9, 2018; criterion December 9, 2018.
7717 Added March 9, 2012.
4.118 7800 Evaluation August 30, 2002; criterion October 23, 2008.
7801 Criterion July 6, 1950; criterion August 30, 2002; criterion October 23, 2008; title, note 1, note 2 August 13, 2018.
7802 Criterion September 22, 1978; criterion August 30, 2002; criterion October 23, 2008; title, note 1, note 2 August 13, 2018.
7803 Criterion August 30, 2002; removed October 23, 2008.
7804 Criterion July 6, 1950; criterion September 22, 1978; criterion and evaluation October 23, 2008.
7805 Criterion October 23, 2008; title August 13, 2018.
General Rating Formula for DCs 7806, 7809, 7813-7816, 7820-7822, and 7824 added August 13, 2018.
7806 Criterion September 9, 1975; evaluation August 30, 2002; criterion August 13, 2018.
7809 Criterion August 30, 2002; title, criterion August 13, 2018.
7810 Removed August 30, 2002.
7811 Criterion March 11, 1969; evaluation August 30, 2002.
7817 Evaluation August 30, 2002; title, criterion, note August 13, 2018.
7820 Added August 30, 2002; criterion August 13, 2018.
7821 Added August 30, 2002; title, criterion August 13, 2018.
4.119 7900 Criterion August 13, 1981; evaluation June 9, 1996; title December 10, 2017; evaluation December 10, 2017; criterion December 10, 2017; note December 10, 2017.
7901 Criterion August 13, 1981; evaluation June 9, 1996; title December 10, 2017; evaluation December 10, 2017; criterion December 10, 2017; note December 10, 2017.
7902 Evaluation August 13, 1981; criterion June 9, 1996; title December 10, 2017; evaluation December 10, 2017; criterion December 10, 2017; note December 10, 2017.
7903 Criterion August 13, 1981; evaluation June 9, 1996; evaluation December 10, 2017; criterion December 10, 2017; note December 10, 2017.
7905 Evaluation; August 13, 1981; evaluation June 9, 1996; evaluation December 10, 2017; criterion December 10, 2017.
7906 Added December 10, 2017.
7907 Evaluation; August 13, 1981; evaluation June 9, 1996; criterion December 10, 2017; note December 10, 2017.
7908 Criterion August 13, 1981; criterion June 9, 1996; criterion December 10, 2017.
7909 Evaluation August 13, 1981; criterion June 9, 1996; evaluation June 9, 1996; criterion December 10, 2017; evaluation December 10, 2017; note December 10, 2017.
7910 Removed June 9, 1996.
7911 Evaluation March 11, 1969; evaluation August 13, 1981; criterion June 9, 1996; title December 10, 2017; note December 10, 2017.
7912 Title December 10, 2017; criterion December 10, 2017.
7913 Criterion September 9, 1975; criterion August 13, 1981; criterion June 6, 1996; evaluation June 9, 1996; criterion December 10, 2017; note December 10, 2017.
7914 Criterion March 10, 1976; criterion August 13, 1981; criterion June 9, 1996.
7915 Criterion June 9, 1996; criterion December 10, 2017.
7916 Added June 9, 1996; note December 10, 2017.
7919 Added June 9, 1996; evaluation June 9, 1996; criterion December 10, 2017; note December 10, 2017.
4.124a 8002 Criterion September 22, 1978.
8021 Criterion September 22, 1978; criterion October 1, 1961; criterion March 10, 1976; criterion March 1, 1989.
8045 Criterion and evaluation October 23, 2008.
8046 Added October 1, 1961; criterion March 10, 1976; criterion March 1, 1989.
8540 Added October 15, 1991.
8911 Added October 1, 1961; evaluation September 9, 1975.
8914 Added October 1, 1961; criterion September 9, 1975; criterion March 10, 1976.
8910-8914 Evaluations September 9, 1975.
4.125—4.132 All Diagnostic Codes under Mental Disorders October 1, 1961; except as to evaluation for Diagnostic Codes 9500 through 9511 September 9, 1975.
4.130 Re-designated from §4.132 November 7, 1996.
9200 Removed February 3, 1988.
9201 Criterion February 3, 1988; Title August 4, 2014.
9202 Criterion February 3, 1988; removed August 4, 2014.
9205 Criterion February 3, 1988; criterion November 7, 1996; Removed August 4, 2014.
9206 Criterion February 3, 1988; removed November 7, 1996.
9209 Criterion March 10, 1976; criterion February 3, 1988; removed November 7, 1996.
9210 Criterion March 10, 1976; criterion February 3, 1988; criterion November 7, 1996; Title August 4, 2014.
9211 Added November 7, 1996.
9300 Criterion March 10, 1976; criterion February 3, 1988; criterion November 7, 1996.
9312 Added March 10, 1976; criterion February 3, 1988; criterion November 7, 1996; Title August 4, 2014.
9313 Added March 10, 1976; removed February 3, 1988.
9315 Added March 10, 1976; criterion February 3, 1988; removed November 7, 1996.
9316-9321 Added March 10, 1976; removed February 3, 1988.
9326 Added March 10, 1976; removed February 3, 1988; added November 7, 1996; Title August 4, 2014.
9327 Added November 7, 1996; removed August 4, 2014.
9400-9411 Evaluations February 3, 1988.
9400 Criterion March 10, 1976; criterion February 3, 1988.
9410 Added March 10, 1976; criterion February 3, 1988; Title August 4, 2014.
9413 Added November 7, 1996; Title August 4, 2014.
9504 Criterion September 9, 1975; removed March 10, 1976.
9505 Added March 10, 1976; criterion February 3, 1988.
4.132 Re-designated as §4.130 November 7, 1996.
4.150 9900 Criterion September 22, 1978; criterion February 17, 1994; title September 10, 2017.
9902 Criterion February 17, 1994; evaluation September 10, 2017; title September 10, 2017.
9905 Criterion September 22, 1978; evaluation February 17, 1994; evaluation September 10, 2017; title September 10, 2017.
9906 Removed September 10, 2017.
9911 Criterion and title September 10, 2017.
9914 Added February 17, 1994.
9916 Added February 17, 1994; criterion September 10, 2017.
9917 Added September 10, 2017.
[72 FR 12983, Mar. 20, 2007; 72 FR 16728, Apr. 5, 2007, as amended at 73 FR 54708, 54711, Sept. 23, 2008; 73 FR 69554, Nov. 19, 2008; 77 FR 6467, Feb. 8, 2012; 79 FR 45101, Aug. 4, 2014; 80 FR 42042, July 16, 2015; 82 FR 36084, Aug. 3, 2017; 82 FR 50806, Nov. 2, 2017; 83 FR 15072, Apr. 9, 2018; 83 FR 15323, Apr. 10, 2018; 83 FR 32600, July 13, 2018; 83 FR 54257, Oct. 29, 2018; 84 FR 28233, June 18, 2019]
5000 Osteomyelitis, acute, subacute, or chronic.
5001 Bones and Joints, tuberculosis.
5002 Arthritis, rheumatoid (atrophic).
5003 Arthritis, degenerative (hypertrophic or osteoarthritis).
5010 Arthritis, due to trauma.
5011 Bones, caisson disease.
5012 Bones, new growths, malignant.
5015 Bones, new growths, benign.
5025 Fibromyalgia.
Combination of Disabilities
5104 Anatomical loss of one hand and loss of use of one foot.
5105 Anatomical loss of one foot and loss of use of one hand.
5106 Anatomical loss of both hands.
5107 Anatomical loss of both feet.
5108 Anatomical loss of one hand and one foot.
5109 Loss of use of both hands.
5110 Loss of use of both feet.
5111 Loss of use of one hand and one foot.
Arm amputation of:
5120 Disarticulation.
5121 Above insertion of deltoid.
5122 Below insertion of deltoid.
Forearm amputation of:
5123 Above insertion of pronator teres.
5124 Below insertion of pronator teres.
5125 Hand, loss of use of.
5126 Five digits of one hand.
Four digits of one hand:
5127 Thumb, index, long and ring.
5128 Thumb, index, long and little.
5129 Thumb, index, ring and little.
5130 Thumb, long, ring and little.
5131 Index, long, ring and little.
Three digits of one hand:
5132 Thumb, index and long.
5133 Thumb, index and ring.
5134 Thumb, index and little.
5135 Thumb, long and ring.
5136 Thumb, long and little.
5137 Thumb, ring and little.
5138 Index, long and ring.
5139 Index, long and little.
5140 Index, ring and little.
5141 Long, ring and little.
Two digits of one hand:
5142 Thumb and index.
5143 Thumb and long.
5144 Thumb and ring.
5145 Thumb and little.
5146 Index and long.
5147 Index and ring.
5148 Index and little.
5149 Long and ring.
5150 Long and little.
5151 Ring and little.
Single finger:
5152 Thumb.
5153 Index finger.
5154 Long finger.
5155 Ring finger.
5156 Little finger.
Thigh amputation of:
5161 Upper third.
5162 Middle or lower thirds.
Leg amputation of:
5163 With defective stump.
5164 Not improvable by prosthesis controlled by natural knee action.
5165 At a lower level, permitting prosthesis.
5166 Forefoot, proximal to metatarsal bones.
5167 Foot, loss of use of.
5170 Toes, all, without metatarsal loss.
5171 Toe, great.
5172 Toes, other than great, with removal of metatarsal head.
5173 Toes, three or more, without metatarsal involvement.
Shoulder and Arm
5200 Scapulohumeral articulation, ankylosis.
5201 Arm, limitation of motion.
5202 Humerus, other impairment.
5203 Clavicle or scapula, impairment.
Elbow and Forearm
5205 Elbow, ankylosis.
5206 Forearm, limitation of flexion.
5207 Forearm, limitation of extension.
5208 Forearm, flexion limited.
5209 Elbow, other impairment.
5210 Radius and ulna, nonunion.
5211 Ulna, impairment.
5212 Radius, impairment.
5213 Supination and pronation, impairment.
5214 Wrist, ankylosis.
5215 Wrist, limitation of motion.
Limitation of Motion
Multiple Digits: Unfavorable Ankylosis:
5217 Four digits of one hand.
5218 Three digits of one hand.
5219 Two digits of one hand.
Multiple Digits: Favorable Ankylosis:
Ankylosis of Individual Digits:
5227 Ring or little finger.
Limitation of Motion of Individual Digits:
5229 Index or long finger.
5235 Vertebral fracture or dislocation.
5236 Sacroiliac injury and weakness.
5237 Lumbosacral or cervical strain.
5238 Spinal stenosis.
5239 Spondylolisthesis or segmental instability.
5240 Ankylosing spondylitis.
5241 Spinal fusion.
5242 Degenerative arthritis.
5243 Intervertebral disc syndrome.
Hip and Thigh
5250 Hip, ankylosis.
5251 Thigh, limitation of extension.
5252 Thigh, limitation of flexion.
5253 Thigh, impairment.
5254 Hip, flail joint.
5255 Femur, impairment.
Knee and Leg
5256 Knee, ankylosis.
5257 Knee, other impairment.
5258 Cartilage, semilunar, dislocated.
5259 Cartilage, semilunar, removal.
5260 Leg, limitation of flexion.
5261 Leg, limitation of extension.
5262 Tibia and fibula, impairment.
5263 Genu recurvatum.
5270 Ankle, ankylosis.
5271 Ankle, limited motion.
5272 Subastragalar or tarsal joint, ankylosis.
5273 Os calcis or astragalus, malunion.
5274 Astragalectomy.
5275 Bones, of the lower extremity
5276 Flatfoot, acquired.
5277 Weak foot, bilateral.
5278 Claw foot (pes cavus), acquired.
5279 Metatarsalgia, anterior (Morton's disease).
5280 Hallux valgus.
5281 Hallux rigidus.
5282 Hammer toe.
5283 Tarsal or metatarsal bones.
5284 Foot injuries, other.
5296 Loss of part of.
5297 Removal of.
MUSCLE INJURIES
Shoulder Girdle and Arm
5301 Group I Function: Upward rotation of scapula.
5302 Group II Function: Depression of arm.
5303 Group III Function: Elevation and abduction of arm.
5304 Group IV Function: Stabilization of shoulder.
5305 Group V Function: Elbow supination.
5306 Group VI Function: Extension of elbow.
Forearm and Hand
5307 Group VII Function: Flexion of wrist and fingers.
5308 Group VIII Function: Extension of wrist, fingers, thumb.
5309 Group IX Function: Forearm muscles.
Foot and Leg
5310 Group X Function: Movement of forefoot and toes.
5311 Group XI Function: Propulsion of foot.
5312 Group XII Function: Dorsiflexion.
Pelvic Girdle and Thigh
5313 Group XIII Function: Extension of hip and flexion of knee.
5314 Group XIV Function: Extension of knee.
5315 Group XV Function: Adduction of hip.
5316 Group XVI Function: Flexion of hip.
5317 Group XVII Function: Extension of hip.
5318 Group XVIII Function: Outward rotation of thigh.
Torso and Neck
5319 Group XIX Function: Abdominal wall and lower thorax.
5320 Group XX Function: Postural support of body.
5321 Group XXI Function: Respiration.
5322 Group XXII Function: Rotary and forward movements, head.
5323 Group XXIII Function: Movements of head.
5324 Diaphragm, rupture.
5325 Muscle injury, facial muscles.
5326 Muscle hernia.
5327 Muscle, neoplasm of, malignant.
5328 Muscle, neoplasm of, benign.
5329 Sarcoma, soft tissue.
6003 Iritis.
6004 Cyclitis.
6005 Choroiditis.
6006 Retinopathy or maculopathy not otherwise specified.
6010 Tuberculosis of eye.
6011 Retinal scars, atrophy, or irregularities.
6012 Angle-closure glaucoma.
6013 Open-angle glaucoma.
6014 Malignant neoplasms of the eye, orbit, and adnexa (excluding skin).
6015 Benign neoplasms of the eye, orbit, and adnexa (excluding skin).
6016 Nystagmus, central.
6017 Conjunctivitis, trachomatous, chronic.
6018 Conjunctivitis, other, chronic.
6019 Ptosis unilateral or bilateral.
6020 Ectropion.
6021 Entropion.
6022 Lagophthalmos.
6023 Eyebrows, loss.
6024 Eyelashes, loss.
6025 Disorders of the lacrimal apparatus (epiphora, dacrocystitis, etc.).
6026 Optic neuropathy.
6027 Cataract.
6028 Cataract, senile, and others.
6029 Aphakia.
6030 Accommodation, paralysis.
6031 Dacryocystitis.
6032 Eyelids, loss of portion.
6033 Lens, crystalline, dislocation.
6034 Pterygium.
6035 Keratoconus.
6036 Status post corneal transplant.
6040 Diabetic retinopathy.
6042 Retinal dystrophy (including retinitis pigmentosa, wet or dry macular degeneration, early-onset macular degeneration, rod and/or cone dystrophy).
6046 Post-chiasmal disorders.
6061 Anatomical loss both eyes.
6062 Blindness, both eyes, only light perception.
Anatomical loss of 1 eye:
6063 Other eye 5/200 (1.5/60).
6064 Other eye 10/200 (3/60).
6064 Other eye 15/200 (4.5/60).
6065 Other eye 20/70 (6/21).
Blindness in 1 eye, only light perception:
Vision in 1 eye 5/200 (1.5/60):
Vision in 1 eye 10/200 (3/60):
Vision in 1 eye 15/200 (4.5/60):
Vision in 1 eye 20/70 (6/21):
Impairment of Field Vision:
6080 Field vision, impairment.
6081 Scotoma.
Impairment of Muscle Function:
6090 Diplopia.
6091 Symblepharon.
6092 Diplopia, limited muscle function.
6200 Chronic suppurative otitis media.
6201 Chronic nonsuppurative otitis media.
6202 Otosclerosis.
6204 Peripheral vestibular disorders.
6205 Meniere's syndrome.
6207 Loss of auricle.
6208 Malignant neoplasm.
6209 Benign neoplasm.
6210 Chronic otitis externa.
6211 Tympanic membrane.
6260 Tinnitus, recurrent.
OTHER SENSE ORGANS
6275 Smell, complete loss.
6276 Taste, complete loss.
6300 Vibriosis (Cholera, Non-cholera).
6301 Visceral Leishmaniasis.
6302 Leprosy (Hansen's Disease).
6304 Malaria.
6305 Lymphatic filariasis, to include elephantiasis.
6306 Bartonellosis.
6307 Plague.
6308 Relapsing fever.
6309 Rheumatic fever.
6310 Syphilis.
6311 Tuberculosis, miliary.
6312 Nontuberculosis mycobacterium infection.
6313 Avitaminosis.
6314 Beriberi.
6315 Pellagra.
6316 Brucellosis.
6317 Rickettsial, ehrlichia, and anaplasma infections.
6318 Melioidosis.
6319 Lyme disease.
6320 Parasitic diseases.
6325 Hyperinfection syndrome or disseminated strongyloidiasis.
6326 Schistosomiasis.
6329 Hemorrhagic fevers, including dengue, yellow fever, and others.
6330 Campylobacter jejuni infection.
6331 Coxiella burnetii infection (Q Fever).
6333 Nontyphoid salmonella infections.
6334 Shigella infections.
6335 West Nile virus infection.
6350 Lupus erythematosus.
6351 HIV-Related Illness.
6354 Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS).
Nose and Throat
6502 Septum, nasal, deviation.
6504 Nose, loss of part of, or scars.
6515 Laryngitis, tuberculous.
6516 Laryngitis, chronic.
6518 Laryngectomy, total.
6519 Aphonia, complete organic.
6520 Larynx, stenosis of.
6521 Pharynx, injuries to.
6522 Allergic or vasomotor rhinitis.
6523 Bacterial rhinitis.
6524 Granulomatous rhinitis.
Trachea and Bronchi
6600 Bronchitis, chronic.
6601 Bronchiectasis.
6602 Asthma, bronchial.
6603 Emphysema, pulmonary.
6604 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Lungs and Pleura Tuberculosis
Ratings for Pulmonary Tuberculosis (Chronic) Entitled on August 19, 1968:
6701 Active, far advanced.
6702 Active, moderately advanced.
6703 Active, minimal.
6704 Active, advancement unspecified.
6721 Inactive, far advanced.
6722 Inactive, moderately advanced.
6723 Inactive, minimal.
6724 Inactive, advancement unspecified.
Ratings for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Initially Evaluated After August 19, 1968:
6730 Chronic, active.
6731 Chronic, inactive.
6732 Pleurisy, active or inactive.
6817 Pulmonary Vascular Disease.
6819 Neoplasms, malignant.
6820 Neoplasms, benign.
6825 Fibrosis of lung, diffuse interstitial.
6828 Eosinophilic granuloma.
6829 Drug-induced, pneumonitis & fibrosis.
6830 Radiation-induced, pneumonitis & fibrosis.
6831 Hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
6832 Pneumoconiosis.
6834 Histoplasmosis.
6842 Kyphoscoliosis, pectus excavatum/carinatum.
6843 Traumatic chest wall defect.
6844 Post-surgical residual.
6845 Pleural effusion or fibrosis.
6846 Sarcoidosis.
6847 Sleep Apnea Syndromes.
7000 Valvular heart disease.
7001 Endocarditis.
7002 Pericarditis.
7003 Pericardial adhesions.
7004 Syphilitic heart disease.
7005 Arteriosclerotic heart disease.
7006 Myocardial infarction.
7007 Hypertensive heart disease.
7008 Hyperthyroid heart disease.
7010 Supraventricular arrhythmias.
7011 Ventricular arrhythmias.
7015 Atrioventricular block.
7016 Heart valve replacement.
7017 Coronary bypass surgery.
7018 Implantable cardiac pacemakers.
7019 Cardiac transplantation.
7020 Cardiomyopathy.
7101 Hypertensive vascular disease.
7110 Aortic aneurysm.
7111 Aneurysm, large artery.
7112 Aneurysm, small artery.
7113 Arteriovenous fistula, traumatic.
7114 Arteriosclerosis obliterans.
7115 Thrombo-angiitis obliterans (Buerger's Disease).
7117 Raynaud's syndrome.
7118 Angioneurotic edema.
7119 Erythromelalgia.
7120 Varicose veins.
7121 Post-phlebitic syndrome.
7122 Cold injury residuals.
7123 Soft tissue sarcoma.
7200 Mouth, injuries.
7201 Lips, injuries.
7202 Tongue, loss.
7203 Esophagus, stricture.
7204 Esophagus, spasm.
7205 Esophagus, diverticulum.
7301 Peritoneum, adhesions.
7305 Ulcer, duodenal.
7306 Ulcer, marginal.
7307 Gastritis, hypertrophic.
7308 Postgastrectomy syndromes.
7309 Stomach, stenosis.
7311 Liver, injury of, residuals.
7312 Liver, cirrhosis.
7314 Cholecystitis, chronic.
7317 Gall bladder, injury.
7318 Gall bladder, removal.
7319 Colon, irritable syndrome.
7321 Amebiasis.
7323 Colitis, ulcerative.
7324 Distomiasis, intestinal or hepatic.
7328 Intestine, small, resection.
7329 Intestine, large, resection.
7330 Intestine, fistula.
7331 Peritonitis.
7332 Rectum & anus, impairment.
7333 Rectum & anus, stricture.
7334 Rectum, prolapse.
7336 Hemorrhoids.
7338 Hernia, inguinal.
7339 Hernia, ventral, postoperative.
7342 Visceroptosis.
7345 Liver disease, chronic, without cirrhosis.
7346 Hernia, hiatal.
7347 Pancreatitis.
7348 Vagotomy.
7351 Liver transplant.
7354 Hepatitis C.
7500 Kidney, removal.
7501 Kidney, abscess.
7502 Nephritis, chronic.
7504 Pyelonephritis, chronic.
7505 Kidney, tuberculosis.
7507 Nephrosclerosis, arteriolar.
7508 Nephrolithiasis.
7509 Hydronephrosis.
7510 Ureterolithiasis.
7511 Ureter, stricture.
7512 Cystitis, chronic.
7515 Bladder, calculus.
7516 Bladder, fistula.
7517 Bladder, injury.
7518 Urethra, stricture.
7519 Urethra, fistula.
7520 Penis, removal of half or more.
7521 Penis, removal of glans.
7522 Penis, deformity, with loss of erectile power.
7523 Testis, atrophy, complete.
7524 Testis, removal.
7525 Epididymo-orchitis, chronic only.
7527 Prostate gland.
7528 Malignant neoplasms.
7529 Benign neoplasms.
7530 Renal disease, chronic.
7531 Kidney transplant.
7532 Renal tubular disorders.
7533 Kidneys, cystic diseases.
7534 Atherosclerotic renal disease.
7535 Toxic nephropathy.
7536 Glomerulonephritis.
7537 Interstitial nephritis.
7538 Papillary necrosis.
7539 Renal amyloid disease.
7540 Disseminated intravascular coagulation.
7541 Renal involvement in systemic diseases.
7542 Neurogenic bladder.
7610 Vulva or clitoris, disease or injury of (including vulvovaginitis).
7611 Vagina, disease or injury.
7612 Cervix, disease or injury.
7613 Uterus, disease or injury.
7614 Fallopian tube, disease or injury.
7615 Ovary, disease or injury.
7617 Uterus and both ovaries, removal.
7618 Uterus, removal.
7619 Ovary, removal.
7620 Ovaries, atrophy of both.
7621 Complete or incomplete pelvic organ prolapse due to injury or disease or surgical complications of pregnancy.
7624 Fistula, rectovaginal.
7625 Fistula, urethrovaginal.
7626 Breast, surgery.
7627 Malignant neoplasms of gynecological system.
7628 Benign neoplasms of gynecological system.
7629 Endometriosis.
7630 Malignant neoplasms of the breast.
7631 Benign neoplasms of the breast and other injuries of the breast.
7632 Female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD).
7702 Agranulocytosis, acquired.
7703 Leukemia.
7704 Polycythemia vera.
7705 Immune thrombocytopenia.
7706 Splenectomy.
7709 Hodgkin's lymphoma.
7710 Adenitis, tuberculous.
7712 Multiple myeloma
7714 Sickle cell anemia.
7715 Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
7716 Aplastic anemia.
7717 AL amyloidosis (primary amyloidosis).
7718 Essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis.
7719 Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) (chronic myeloid leukemia or chronic granulocytic leukemia).
7720 Iron deficiency anemia.
7721 Folic acid deficiency.
7722 Pernicious anemia and Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia.
7723 Acquired hemolytic anemia.
7724 Solitary plasmacytoma.
7725 Myelodysplastic syndromes.
7800 Burn scar(s) of the head, face, or neck; scar(s) of the head, face, or neck due to other causes; or other disfigurement of the head, face, or neck.
7801 Burn scar(s) or scar(s) due to other causes, not of the head, face, or neck that are associated with underlying soft tissue damage.
7802 Burn scar(s) or scar(s) due to other causes, not of the head, face, or neck that are not associated with underlying soft tissue damage.
7804 Scar(s), unstable or painful.
7805 Scars, other; and other effects of scars evaluated under diagnostic codes 7800, 7801, 7802, or 7804.
7807 Leishmaniasis, American (New World).
7808 Leishmaniasis, Old World.
7811 Tuberculosis luposa (lupus vulgaris).
7813 Dermatophytosis.
7815 Bullous disorders.
7817 Erythroderma.
7818 Malignant skin neoplasms.
7819 Benign skin neoplasms.
7820 Infections of the skin.
7821 Cutaneous manifestations of collagen-vascular diseases not listed elsewhere.
7822 Papulosquamous disorders not listed elsewhere.
7823 Vitiligo.
7824 Keratinization, diseases.
7825 Chronic urticaria.
7826 Vasculitis, primary cutaneous.
7827 Erythema multiforme.
7828 Acne.
7829 Chloracne.
7830 Scarring alopecia.
7831 Alopecia areata.
7832 Hyperhidrosis.
7833 Malignant melanoma.
7900 Hyperthyroidism, including, but not limited to, Graves' disease.
7901 Thyroid enlargement, toxic.
7902 Thyroid enlargement, nontoxic.
7903 Hypothyroidism.
7904 Hyperparathyroidism.
7905 Hypoparathyroidism.
7906 Thyroiditis.
7907 Cushing's syndrome.
7908 Acromegaly.
7909 Diabetes insipidus.
7911 Addison's disease (adrenocortical insufficiency).
7912 Polyglandular syndrome (multiple endocrine neoplasia, autoimmune polyglandular syndrome).
7913 Diabetes mellitus.
7916 Hyperpituitarism.
7917 Hyperaldosteronism.
7918 Pheochromocytoma.
7919 C-cell hyperplasia, thyroid.
8000 Encephalitis, epidemic, chronic.
Brain, New Growth of
8002 Malignant.
8003 Benign.
8004 Paralysis agitans.
8005 Bulbar palsy.
8007 Brain, vessels, embolism.
8008 Brain, vessels, thrombosis.
8009 Brain, vessels, hemorrhage.
8010 Myelitis.
8011 Poliomyelitis, anterior.
8012 Hematomyelia.
8017 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
8018 Multiple sclerosis.
8019 Meningitis, cerebrospinal, epidemic.
8020 Brain, abscess.
Spinal Cord, New Growths
8023 Progressive muscular atrophy.
8024 Syringomyelia.
8025 Myasthenia gravis.
8045 Residuals of traumatic brain injury (TBI).
8046 Cerebral arteriosclerosis.
8100 Migraine
8103 Tic, convulsive.
8104 Paramyoclonus multiplex.
8105 Chorea, Sydenham's.
The Cranial Nerves
8205 Fifth (trigeminal), paralysis.
8207 Seventh (facial), paralysis.
8209 Ninth (glossopharyngeal), paralysis.
8210 Tenth (pneumogastric, vagus), paralysis.
8211 Eleventh (spinal accessory, external branch), paralysis.
8212 Twelfth (hypoglossal), paralysis.
8305 Neuritis, fifth cranial nerve.
8307 Neuritis, seventh cranial nerve.
8309 Neuritis, ninth cranial nerve.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2467
|
__label__wiki
| 0.543536
| 0.543536
|
Information for seafarers
Swiss Maritime Navigation Office SMNO
SMNO
Commercial maritime shipping
Ocean-going yachts and small boats
Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine
Login for shipowners
Seemans celebrating graduation. © CCO
The FDFA's Swiss Maritime Navigation Office issues seaman's books to crew members of Swiss nationality, but no certificates; these must be obtained abroad. The shipping companies provide six-month training internships for young sailors.
Training and certificates
Art. 66 of the Maritime Navigation Act authorises the SMNO to issue seaman's books to crew members of Swiss nationality. The applicant or, more accurately, his employer must supply proof that the request meets a need.
Switzerland has no organisation proposing, in the maritime navigation sector, courses or training that satisfy the demands of the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW). Thus, the SMNO issues neither Certificates of Competency (CoC) nor Certificates of Proficiency (CoP) under the 2010 STCW Convention (Manila Amendments). The CoC (for all ships) and the CoP (for tankers) obtained abroad are recognised for service onboard ships sailing under the Swiss flag (upon request, an endorsement is issued).
The Swiss Maritime Navigation Office draws the attention of sailors and other interested parties to the fact that all required courses and certificates must be obtained abroad, in a country listed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) as fulfilling the provisions of the STCW Convention (provisions of rules 1/7 and 1/8 must be in practice by the state member of the IMO).
The STCW Convention
Provisions pertaining to sailors working in international commercial shipping are standardised under the 1978 International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW). As the Federal Assembly voted on 9 March 1987 in favour of joining the convention, its provisions have applied to Switzerland since 15 March 1988. The Convention was strengthened in 2010 with the adoption of the Manila Amendments, applied as of 1 January 2012.
The STCW Convention, List of member states
The medical certificate for seamen conforming to the STCW Convention
Anyone working on a commercial ship must have a medical certificate in conformity with the STCW Convention (STCW Code Section A-1/9), issued by a body approved by the Swiss Maritime Navigation Office. This certificate is issued for a maximum of two years.
Medical certificates issued abroad are recognised for service on merchant vessels operating under the Swiss flag, if they meet the provisions of the STCW Convention (STCW Code Section A-1/9).
Swiss service for medical examinations of merchant seamen
Occupational Health Centre Basel azb AG
Düngerstrasse 81
info@azbasel.com
www.azbasel.com
Information for apprentice seamen
The international shipping industry is a highly competitive labour market. For those in good health and holding a school-leaving certificate, exciting career opportunities exist in the maritime shipping industry and related branches.
Any candidate interested in a training programme (normally, six straight months at sea) must apply directly to the shipping companies, with the following documents obtained at their own expense:
Medical certificate according to the STCW Convention
The STCW "Basic Safety training" Certificate (must be obtained abroad; for course-providers, see Maritime Training Pilot)
All training as a ship's officer (on deck or in the engine room) must be done abroad. The SMNO offers a small number of internships for graduates of maritime academies.
FDFA Swiss Maritime Navigation Office - SMNO
Elisabethenstrasse 33
dv-ssa@eda.admin.ch
Yachts-section:
The Swiss Maritime Navigation Office
The FDFA's Swiss Maritime Navigation Office is responsible for the Swiss merchant fleet
Information on the composition of the maritime merchant fleet sailing under the Swiss flag and the administrative tasks of the Swiss Maritime Navigation Office.
Registration of ocean-going yachts and small boats sailing abroad under the Swiss flag
Role, importance and tasks of the Central Commission for the Navigation of the Rhine, of which Switzerland is a member
Information for seamen
Obtaining the seaman's log book, issue of certificates of capacity and watchkeeping, training for seamen and the conditions to be fulfilled.
Technical directives for shipowners, information for emergencies, application forms and general instructions concerning commercial ocean shipping.
Federal Department of Foreign Affairs
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2469
|
__label__wiki
| 0.708714
| 0.708714
|
Tag Archives: detecting multiple explosives simultaneously
Using quantum dots to detect and identify explosives
This research is courtesy of the University College London (UCL) according to a Dec. 9, 2015 news item on Nanowerk,
A new test for detecting multiple explosives simultaneously has been developed by UCL scientists. The proof-of-concept sensor is designed to quickly identify and quantify five commonly used explosives in solution to help track toxic contamination in waste water and improve the safety of public spaces.
Lead researcher, Dr William Peveler (UCL Chemistry), said: “This is the first time multiple explosives have been detected using a single sensor before, demonstrating proof-of-concept for this approach. Our sensor changes colour within 10 seconds to give information about how much and what explosives are present in a sample. Following further development, we hope it will be used to quickly analyse the nature of threats and inform tailored responses.”
A Dec. 9, 2015 UCL press release (also on EurekAlert), which originated the news item, expands on the theme,
Dr Peveler, added: “We analysed explosives which are commonly used for industrial and military purposes to create a useful tool for environmental and security monitoring. For example, DNT is a breakdown product from landmines, and RDX and PETN have been used in terror plots in recent years as they can be hard to detect using sniffer dogs. Our test can quickly identify these compounds so we see it having a variety of applications from monitoring the waste water of munitions factories and military ranges to finding evidence of illicit activities.”
The sensor is made of quantum dots, which are tiny light-emitting particles or nanomaterials, to which explosive targeting receptors are attached. As each explosive binds to the quantum dot, it quenches the light being emitted to a different degree. The distinct changes in colour are analysed computationally in a variety of conditions to give a unique fingerprint for each compound, allowing multiple explosives to be detected with a single test.
Senior author, Professor Ivan Parkin (UCL Chemistry), said: “Our sensor is a significant step forward for multiple explosives detection. Current methods can be laborious and require expensive equipment but our test is designed to be inexpensive, fast and use a much smaller volume of sample than previously possible. Although all of these factors are important, speed and accuracy are crucial when identifying explosive compounds.”
The team plan to take it from the laboratory into the field by blind testing it with contaminated waste water samples. They also hope to improve the sensitivity of the test by tailoring the surfaces of the quantum dots. Currently, its limit is less than one part per million which the team hope to increase into the part per billion range.
Multichannel Detection and Differentiation of Explosives with a Quantum Dot Array by William J. Peveler, Alberto Roldan, Nathan Hollingsworth, Michael J. Porte‡, and Ivan P. Parkin. ACS Nano, Article ASAP DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b06433 Publication Date (Web): November 18, 2015
This paper is behind a paywall.
This entry was posted in military, nanotechnology and tagged Alberto Roldan, detecting multiple explosives simultaneously, DNT, Ivan P. Parkin, Ivan Parkin, Michael J. Porte‡, Multichannel Detection and Differentiation of Explosives with a Quantum Dot Array, Nathan Hollingsworth, PETN, quantum dots, RDX, sensing, UCL, University College London, William J. Peveler, William Peveler on December 15, 2015 by Maryse de la Giroday.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2472
|
__label__wiki
| 0.673349
| 0.673349
|
Deep inside the Shark Tank
Tallahassee’s vibrant DIY house venue, The Shark Tank
Deep inside the Shark Tank Tallahassee’s vibrant DIY house venue, The Shark Tank Check out this story on fsunews.com: http://fsune.ws/1Na0Eop
Contributing Writer Published 1:06 a.m. ET Oct. 29, 2015
The Shark Tank is a respected house show venue for Tallahassee’s music scene.(Photo: Photo courtesy of Rosie Richeson)
Nestled on the quiet residential Sharkey Street is Tallahassee’s vibrant DIY house venue, The Shark Tank. Its aesthetic, which can perhaps only be summed up as a riot grrrl twee fever dream, is teeming with Christmas lights, ocean ripple wallpaper and gold fringe curtains. Posters of Broken Social Scene, Kendrick Lamar and Yeah Yeah Yeahs adorn the walls, and for just one transitory moment, you forget you’re in the culturally-stunted hellmouth that is the ’Nasty.
Katryn Macko, Laura Hicks and Maegan Voss, recent FSU grads, co-run The Shark Tank. The three attribute some of their DIY knowledge to Club Downunder, where they worked as production assistants and programmers. Macko and Hicks also make up half of the lo-fi pop band Naps, so their ties to the local scene ensure that the ‘Tank” is a venue by and for Tally music lovers.
Macko, Hicks and Voss, or MH&V if you want it to sound less like a law firm, are only the latest trio of tenants to run the venue, however. In 2011, Jacob Tryba, Isaac Cook and Ryan Motkowicz created it as a ska-punk house venue. For the next three years, the formerly graffiti-riddled room (equipped with a defaced Starbucks logo) would become a fixture in Tallahassee’s DIY landscape. Eventually, the three punk fans moved out, rendering the house a music-free zone until MH&V swooped in this past year.
“It’s always been a really cool space where people can feel a part of something, so we just wanted to continue that,” Macko says.
While we’re all familiar with local venues like Club Downunder and The Moon, the appeal of the Shark Tank is its inclusive, relaxed environment. There’s no restrictive 18-plus cutoff, most shows are free (though donations are always welcomed) and up-and-coming bands without booking agents can have a stage to call their own. There’s also the heightened intimacy of the confined space, which is just a bit wider than your average carport. So intimate, in fact, that touring bands often spend the night and sleep on the couch.
“Bands are usually really thankful that we’re opening our house to them,” Macko says.
This past week, the Shark Tank has hosted a girl-power-infused show, showcasing Tallahassee’s female talent, as well as a Halloween cover band show whose proceeds went towards The Outlet, a mental health resource center. In the future, MH&V hope to veer the venue into more community-based activities. In the works are zine-making, cooking, sewing workshops, potlucks and book clubs.
For information on The Shark Tank’s upcoming shows, you can like them on Facebook.
Read or Share this story: http://fsune.ws/1Na0Eop
Stories from a pedicab driver: an inside look at Capital City Pedicabs
FSU grad student gives a voice to women in book ‘How the End First Showed’
EXTRASENSORY: a different kind of art exhibit in FSU’s MoFA
Dec. 8, 2019, 11:23 a.m.
More Than Meets the Eye: FSU Student Hannah Kelsey is Crowned Miss Tallahassee 2020
25 years of the Downtown Tallahassee Market
The Fox & Stag: quality environment at a reasonable price
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2473
|
__label__cc
| 0.671249
| 0.328751
|
Cities: Skylines from Colossal Order
Posted by BadKen – August 14, 2014 8:46 PM
BadKen
Posted: August 14, 2014 8:46 PM
I hate Tucson.
press release wrote:
- Designed to Impress: Massive map sizes and deep, detailed design controls allow players to construct the cities of their dreams, running everything from road building and zoning to public services and taxation – and, yes, public transportation
- Policy and Progress: Set a series of civic policies to guide the city’s growth; fine-tune the placement and direction of local districts
- Local Beautification: Admire the vastness of your city in a polished visual style and manage a living, breathing city, all the way down to realistic water flow in the irrigation systems
- The Sky is Not the Limit: Strive to build up a city towards jaw-dropping endgame “wonders,” and then go beyond what is possible with built-in game modding tools
For more information on Cities: Skylines, visit http://www.citiesskylines.com
QStone: "It can still collapse into a black hole if it sucks" [*]
Employee Profile | GOTY 2018 | Chumpy: Pineapples
Oh wow, almost all of their bullet points are in direct opposition to the current SimCity. Awesome!
Eat me!
Cities in Motion never grabbed me, but I know lots of people speak highly of the two games (and by extenstion, the developer). Since this will be a true city-builder, this is definitely now on my radar.
garion333 wrote:
Steam: [GWJ]MeatMan | "Now I know where to go if I have a hankering for testicles." –Higgledy
Posted: August 14, 2014 10:03 PM
As one of those that speaks highly about the two COMs (especially the second one) I am very excited!
I've actually reinstalled COM 2 a couple weeks ago, because I've been feeling the itch again.
Blizzard: Yonder#11589
Yonder wrote:
A year or so ago, I grabbed either COM1 or COM2 (can't remember) on a Steam sale and tried it, but yeah, playing only a transportation simulator didn't hold my attention very long.
Posted: August 15, 2014 2:22 AM
I quite enjoyed Cities in Motion 1, but I thought the sequel was very poorly executed. It felt to me that their design goals exceeded their coding grasp, and I didn't feel the game worked very well.
I'd tread real careful on this one. CIM2 was good on the high concept stuff, just like this is, but the implementations of their planned features were often quite poor.
Given how burned I felt by CIM2, I'll definitely be waiting for reports back from the early adopters. I wouldn't mind paying full price for a quality city sim, but I'll definitely want to be sure that that's what I'm actually getting.
With luck, they will have learned from CIM2 and be able to make a better game this time around.
On the other hand, they may just be reusing their CIM2 engine and this game will be just as bad.
Flintheart Glomgold
Posted: August 15, 2014 11:27 AM
Avarice. It's what's for dinner.
NW Burbs of Chicago
Looking good, I trust Colossal Order and Paradox to release a game that will have the complexity that I want in a city simulation, and the usability.
Steam: Flintheart Glomgold /// PSN: drktori /// Elite Dangerous : Cmdr Flintheart Glomgold
BadKen wrote : "Flintheart wins."
I feel like BadKen and Malor played a different game than I did!
CIM II was much better when you figured out how to play it. some of the functions are fairly non-intuitive. For example I remember endless frustration on figuring out how to lay a proper train so I stuck to making lots of bus stops and street cars.
http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/...
BadKen wrote:
Please have smarter traffic AI than CIM, please have smarter traffic AI than CIM, please have smarter traffic AI than CIM.
FFFUUUUUUUUU.
They've got a year of work ahead of them though, so there's lots of time yet.
Looks like a real city, though one without any traffic - and not a garbage truck in sight!
Zaque
Attaque!
Lost......in Denmark
At first glance I couldn't tell what was the issue as I thought that all those cars were parked, but then yeah that is bad.
"I love deadlines. I like the whooshing noise they make as they fly by." -- Douglas Adams
Posted: September 24, 2014 2:30 PM
Dev Diary: http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/...
Some nice stuff, but by far the most important bit was:
a road upgrading tool
So there is a very real chance that you won't have to demolish an entire road, destroying all of it's stops and breaking all of its routes just to repaint one of the lanes into a bus lane!
To be fair, SimCity allows for this.
St. Cloud, FL.
Liking what I'm seeing so far.
Steam: IslandDog | Twitter: @islanddog | Blog | Origin: islanddog | XBL: Island Dog
I am purely, 100% sniping at COM 2 there. That's my biggest headache with the game.
Looking good, indeed.
Live gameplay being shown right now on Paradox's Twitch channel: http://www.twitch.tv/paradoxinteractive
I've been watching for about 20 minutes now. With the UI and visuals on display, this basically looks like SimCity 5 without all the crap and restrictions that EA forced upon that game. In fact, it looks so visually similar to SC5 that I wouldn't be surprised if EA tried to take some form of legal action at some point.
mateofalcone
Posted: September 25, 2014 10:23 PM
Bad, Fortunato, bad!
MeatMan wrote:
I missed the stream, but I checked out the trailer linked on the channel. You're right on every point, and that actually makes me very happy. I was 100% okay with the look of SC5, but the limitations soured the game for me too much. I certainly hope they can keep making the game I saw them playing in the trailer.
Steam; PSN; Origin: MateoFalconeGWJ
Here's the VOD for those that missed the stream. http://www.twitch.tv/paradoxinteract...
The stream actually starts at about 14:30, after a bunch of trailers for various Paradox games.
jeffsceu
Please don't be as bad as SimCity. Please don't be as bad as SimCity. Please don't be as bad as SimCity.
Oh please god don't let it suck that bad.
I am on my knees here.
Posted: November 19, 2014 12:40 PM
Looking good! Although I saw this game mentioned some time ago, I have no idea why I didn't dig deeper. I'm very much looking forward to this developing. I just hope Paradox can make it really well, and become the new King of City Builders, much like they are in the Grand Strategy genre.
Fingers well and truly crossed, and with the Citybound guy jumping around moving country etc, I don't see that becoming a thing any time soon, so this is it. Help Me Paradox games, You're my only hope.
That is, unless Cities XXL isn't as bad as the previous one...
Posted: November 19, 2014 1:36 PM
omni wrote:
That is, unless Cities XXL isn't as bad as the previous five...
Why would they choose to use such a boring design for a city in this video? Seems like a missed opportunity.
with the Citybound guy jumping around moving country etc, I don't see that becoming a thing any time soon
I was very interested in playing his game and had been watching his updates until recently, but yeah, lately it seems like he's spending most of his time on other things, so I don't expect Citybound to be finished for a long time.
Due to Focus Home Interactive's actions over the last few years - releasing essentially the same game every year full of technical issues so bad that it runs like a slideshow when you reach just a moderately sized city - I have no faith in this XXL version. I played XL 2011, and it was a good game for the early stages of building a city, but the frustration with the tanking framerate eventually caused me to quit.
So far, things are looking very promising for Cities: Skylines. Fingers remain crossed.
Cities XL has been in a weird place where the game was bought by another company that for some reason didn't have the ability to properly support or improve it. The majority of the content of those updates was just some new buildings and whatnot. They had apparently admitted that for whatever reason they didn't have the ability to do any of the technical or lower-level changes that were requested (a serious memory leak being the worst offender.)
I'll look into this update tonight, but just from skimming the link they are making it multi-threaded, that's the sort of in-depth technical change that was supposed to be impossible. This is a strong indication that whatever hangup was stopping the new company from being able to properly support the game has been removed (maybe it's not the same company, did it change hands again?)
That's a really good sign. I actually really, really liked Cities XL. The biggest (non-technical bug) weakness was that the cities were very static once they reached stability. The realistic and interesting evolution of city areas, and ripple affects that spread out and changed different areas in different ways, just weren't there. I won't go into why that was the case, I do so a lot in the Cities XL thread, but I'll see if I can find out what "other features" Cities XXL will have and whether that big problem will be addressed.
Cities XL has been in a weird place where the game was bought by another company that for some reason didn't have the ability to properly support or improve it.
FHI bought it from the original dev/publisher in 2010 and released XL 2011 that same year. They've owned the franchise ever since.
The majority of the content of those updates was just some new buildings and whatnot. They had apparently admitted that for whatever reason they didn't have the ability to do any of the technical or lower-level changes that were requested (a serious memory leak being the worst offender.)
And yet, like I said in my post, despite claming to not be able (read: willing) to fix those major problems, they decided to release XL 2012 (in Oct 2011) and XL Platinum (in Feb 2013), both of which are essentially the same game, with the same major technical issues, plus a few added things, such as buildings and maps.
The fact that they now claim to be finally fixing the technical issues present in their previous 3 games, instead of patching in the fix to those existing games, they're asking gamers to buy yet another new XL game. To which I say, no thanks. FHI burned their chance at goodwill from me several times already.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2474
|
__label__wiki
| 0.962384
| 0.962384
|
Paúl Ordóñez
Bethesda Removes Vault 94 from Fallout 76
Drive Girls Coming to Europe on May 26th
It was announced by Rising Star Games, that the turbo-powered PlayStation Vita smash Drive Girls is scheduled for physical retail and digital release in Europe on 26th May. An experience straight out of Japan, Drive Girls is developed by the legendary Tamsoft and features characters designed by popular illustrator UGUME.
Check out the European trailer of Drive Girls, showcasing the games’ features:
“This fast-paced story-driven game transports you to a world where it’s normal for humans to transform into supercars – a world that is being invaded by mechanised Bug enemies! It’s up to the Drive Girls – five supercar transforming supergirls – to defend their home of Sun Island, cross the finish line and save the day.
Featuring an extensive single-player campaign, as well as local and online multiplayer for up to four players, play as any of the five Drive Girls in this action, driving, hack ‘n’ slash hybrid, and battle it out in human or supercar form to reign victory over the enemy. Deal devastating combo attacks and let loose using Over Drive moves to light up the screen with Bug-punishing pyrotechnics.
Players can boost the Drive Girls’ stats in the garage by tuning and customising their ride with new parts and sleek decals using the currency earned after every mission. The tighter your tuning, the more protected the Drive Girls are against losing their armoured clothing in combat. In between battling, driving and modding, players can also enjoy the cheeky chatter and interactions between the five heroines as they bond, get to know each other better, and form close friendships amidst the heat of the battle zone.
“We are delighted to partner with Rising Star Games to bring Drive Girls to the wider audience in Europe and beyond”, said Mr. Natsumi Jimbo, Director at Tamsoft. “We are thankful to our fans all over the world for their continued passion and interest in our games, and we hope to continue to serve them and create new fans as we embark on exciting future projects”.
“We’ve been broadening our portfolio of memorable titles from the West in recent years, but Rising Star Games absolutely remains the Home of Japanese games ”, said Martin Defries, Managing Director, Rising Star Games. “Partnering with esteemed developer Tamsoft, and the authentically Japanese gameplay and aesthetic of Drive Girls, backs up our ongoing commitment to bring quality Japanese titles to a global audience”.
Developed by Tamsoft and published in Europe by Rising Star Games, Drive Girls is scheduled for physical retail and digital release on PlayStation® Vita, on 26th May.”
For more information on Drive Girls, visit its developers’ website (japanese).
Catherine: Full Body Gets New Trailer With Demo
The Freddy Fazbear of Gaming Instincts, Paul was brought in by the editor in chief Luis to contribute with the news portion of the website along with Manuel, and together, they are bringing the daily news and content relevant to gaming for the viewers to enjoy. Paul is an avid Monster Hunter Fan, and an insanely commited gamer with lots of great insights and very open minded about new forms of games as well.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2477
|
__label__wiki
| 0.949064
| 0.949064
|
Ice Breaker Hockey Board/Card Game Review
The product(s) featured in this review were provided free of cost to me by the manufacturer or representing PR agency for the sole purpose of product testing. Opinions expressed are my own and are NOT influenced by monetary compensation.
CSE Sends Chills of Real NHL® Action in Ice Breaker Board Game
Home Ice Advantage! CSE Games says that families and fans can now bring all of the excitement of real NHL hockey into their own homes with its breakthrough, breakout NHL® Ice Breaker card game. The official National Hockey League licensed card game is now available.
NHL® Ice Breaker: The Card Hockey Board Game™ (MSRP $24.99, for 1-4 players ages 8+) features all 30 National Hockey League teams and offers all of the fast-paced, slap shot, quick reaction play through a remarkably easy to learn game with familiar card game mechanics.
Fabio Del Rio, president of CSE Games, an Ontario, Canada-based game company, explained, "We call it a board ‘game’ checking version of competitive action hockey. We’ve been able to package the fun of NHL hockey with classic board game strategy.”
The fun and challenge of NHL Ice Breaker is derived from the specially-designed 54-card playing deck. Each card allows players to make the pass, take the shot, make the save, or deliver the big hit, simulating all the intensity of the game of hockey. Each time through the deck equals one period of play. Three times through the deck is an official NHL Ice Breaker complete game.
With NHL Ice Breaker, CSE was diligent in providing some fundamental skill sharpening. By playing Ice Breaker, players practice counting and language, while stimulating visual perception and decision-making. The game supports quick mental processing and cognitive skills in a fun competitive hockey atmosphere.
About CSE Games, Inc.:
CSE Games is a developer and publisher of award-winning sports and entertainment products. From board games, card games, sports and collectible products, CSE has a mission to offer something special to all customers. The company’s original games present players with entertaining challenges and promote family fun, cognitive skill development, and strategic thinking. Among its most popular titles are the multi-award winning games, Quartex and Ice Breaker. CSE Games is an official licensee of the National Hockey League and the Collegiate Licensing Company. All CSE products are safety tested and conform to the standards of ASTM F963. For more information about CSE Games, visit the company website and interact directly with the company on Facebook, Twitter and Pinterest.
I got this board/card game to review. Both my husband and I are big hockey fans so I figured this would be the perfect game for us.
Anyway, this is a fun game for kids and adults (ages 8 and up) who love hockey .
It is a fun game that I know we will play again and again in the future.
I give this 5 out of 5.
at Monday, March 02, 2015
WOLFY, THE INCREDIBLE SECRET
Poki Game Site Review
PawPak Subscription Box (March) Review
My Little Pony Tales: The Complete Classic TV Seri...
Dokuro (PC Game) *Game Review*
The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies Bluray/D...
EXODUS: GODS AND KINGS on Blu-ray and DVD
Wild On Bluray Giveaway
NIGHT AT THE MUSEUM: SECRET OF THE TOMB DVD/Blu-ra...
PENGUINS OF MADAGASCAR ON BLU-RAY™ & DVD Review a...
Littlest Pet Shop: Pet Shop Pals DVD
Own Tom and Jerry: Spy Quest On DVD JUNE 23, 2015
Samsung Washer (5.2 Cu. Ft.) WA45H7000AW/ Review
The Flintstones & WWE: Stone Age Smackdown DVD/Blu...
February Candy Adriatico Subscription Box
#GarnierSensitive Clean+ Makeup Removing Cleansing...
Hey Dude: The Complete Series Review
Banana Cream Pie Day with recipe
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2480
|
__label__wiki
| 0.857747
| 0.857747
|
Future Movies uses cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience Find out more about cookies
Future Movies Facebook page Future Movies Twitter page
NavigationREVIEWSWORLD CINEMAFILMMAKINGABOUT US
Published January 9th, 2009 | by Raam Tarat
Slumdog Millionaire Review
Summary: The ultimate feel good movie, and one that will stay with you a long time after the credits have rolled.
Classification: 15
Director: Danny Boyle
Your RatingUser Rating: 3.9 (2 votes)
The latest feature from one of Britain’s ground-breaking talents is simply, distinctly – Danny Boyle. Slumdog Millionaire tells the formidable story of slum-dweller Jamal, his sibling Salim and fellow orphan Latika, as it charts his remarkable journey from the harsh streets of Mumbai through to adulthood in a moving, joyous, at times harrowing tale.
We start with Jamal’s (Patel) interrogation in a Mumbai police station by the local Inspector (Khan). His crime? He’s en route to becoming the first street kid to win the hugely popular Indian version of ‘Who wants to be a Millionaire’. Handed over to the cops by the ruthless anchor of the show (Kapoor), the question on everybody’s lips is – How could an ordinary teaboy get to the final? His story slowly unravels as he explains how his life holds the answers to all of the questions, and the 20 million rupee jackpot…
The film is told in flashback as Jamal recalls incidents in his life which build up a patchwork of stories; humorous, shocking, moving and brutal in turn. As the story unravels, you’re enthralled by the raw impact of it all, and the true reason for his appearance on the show.
This isn’t your Shining India, Boyle (Trainspotting, 28 Days Later) has managed to capture the real grittiness of urban India in this nigh on Dickensian tale. Here you get to see a starker, raucous side of Mumbai you’re not likely to see in a Bollywood musical. From the raw energy and poverty of the slums, to the inherent sense of camaraderie within those communities, and essentially the light that still manages to shine through the shit.
Simon Beaufoy (The Full Monty) has adapted a brilliant screenplay from Vikas Swarup’s much lauded novel ‘Q&A’. The former has got the tone pitch perfect and Boyle takes this tale of the underdog to the screen in a manic but tempered way. Slumdog harks more of Boyle’s earlier efforts, as the uninhibited chaos masterfully juxtaposes Jamal’s anecdotes, the gameshow and the status quo with brilliant fluidity.
It’s fantastic that he’s been able to capture the brutality of life on the streets with such authenticity, in a way seldom seen. Whilst documenting quick witted Jamal’s adventures and tragedies, the movie touches on India’s transition to 21st century superpower, whilst also emphasizing the all too great schism between the high rises and existence in the gutter.
The cast are superlative, especially the streetkids (as authentic as they come). Dev Patel is brilliant as Jamal, dazed at his own experiences as is Khan as the Inspector, analysing his ‘absurdly plausible’ story. Kapoor is apt as the underhand gameshow host, and Pinto (Latika) a stunning muse for Patel’s Jamal. The movie also features a pulsating contemporary soundtrack by A R Rahman, with some cranking tunes from neo-political rapper M.I.A.
This is the white knuckle ride to experience this Winter, as it brings on a barrage of emotions, and is relentless in its’ effect. It’s a tale that manages to make you laugh, cry, shudder at the thought and feel great at its’ conclusion. It is the ultimate feel good movie, and one that will stay with you a long time after the credits have rolled.
Last modified on April 1st, 2015
Best in World Cinema
13 Assassins
The Class (Entre les murs)
© Future Movies
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2483
|
__label__wiki
| 0.504656
| 0.504656
|
Home Electric Tesla Model Y: Tesla’s second SUV that can fit 7 people at...
Tesla Model Y: Tesla’s second SUV that can fit 7 people at once
You must know Tesla, the revolutionizing electric car company. The company launched its latest car very recently. The Tesla Model Y is the company’s latest (5th), biggest and cheapest SUV till date. Its a 7-seater electric vehicle that can go up to 300 miles on a single charge and go 0 – 60 (miles per hour) in just 3.5 seconds! (the most powerful of the variants, of course). The base model, or the standard version, obviously isn’t capable of all this, but that starts at $39,000.
A brief side note on Tesla’s electric vehicle series: the Model Y completes their promised lineup acronym, S3XY. The Model S and X, were high-end cars from the company, which was later, joined by the more affordable Model 3 series, and now there’s the Model Y.
Here’s another fun fact: the Model 3 has now sold almost 150,000 models since it hit “mass-production”.
Also Read: Ducati to make electric motorcycles, says the “Future is Electric”
Back to the Model Y, the vehicle will be available in four variants, the Standard, Long Range, Long Range AWD, and the Performance. As you can guess, the Standard model is the slowest of the bunch with the lowest range of just 230 miles. In addition, it’s only rear wheel drive and can only do a maximum of 120 mph.
Model Standard Long Range RWD Long Range AWD Performance
Battery Standard Range Long Range
Acceleration (0-60) 5.9s 5.5s 4.8s 3.5s
Range (miles) 230 300 280
Drive Rear-Wheel Dual Motor All -Wheel
Seating Up to 7 Adults
Wheels 18” or 19” 20” Performance
Max Cargo Volume 66 cu ft
Top Speed 120mph 130mph 135mph 150mph
Display 15” center touchscreen
Supercharging Pay Per Use
Release Date 2021 2020
Price $39,000 $47,000 $51,000 $60,000
There you have it, the Tesla Model Y. It will be available for purchase in the coming years, and most likely compete with the likes of Jaguar I-Pace, Mercedes-Benz EQC, the Audi E-Tron, or even the Hyundai Kona Electric (which is available for purchase today).
Mainstream manufacturers like BMW, Porsche are already working on their own versions of electric SUVs. Even startups like China’s “Bryton” or America’s “Rivian” are joining the market. Rightfully so, SUVs do sell more than cars, and personally, I feel they are more practical too.
This means Tesla isn’t the only player in the electric car market right now. Chances are if you wanna buy an “electric SUV” in the coming years, they aren’t the only brand you would be looking at, as opposed to just a few years ago. Furthermore, with an underwhelming specs sheet of this Model Y, Telsa’s future still isn’t secure, and their stock values reflect the same.
Previous articleGoogle Pixel 4 XL leaks suggests a dual rear cameras and a hole punch display
Next articleHuawei P30 and P30 Pro Specs Leaked: Everything we know so far
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2485
|
__label__cc
| 0.713965
| 0.286035
|
The Spaceport
Star Wars Timeline
Star Wars Canon Timeline
Star Wars Legends Timeline
What is canon?
Star Wars Media Database
War in the Middle East
We would be honored if you would join us...
By Chickenman, May 8, 2004 in The Spaceport
Chickenman 9
"Choo-Choo" The Hurkey Jerky Dancer
I hope the morons who did this get kicked out of the army and arrested.
> You
I hope they get put in jail for most of their lives. I was also pretty surprised that Rumsfield took the blame for the incident, made me grow a little respect for the man.
magic bus driver
I think that it's sick, and the people involved should be court-martialed and thrown in the stockade for the rest of time.
Edited May 8, 2004 by Drizzt Do'Urden
MsSolo 1
More matter, with less art
I was going to ask which abuse allegations you meant, but as no one's mentioned whether teh pictures were fake, I'll asume American. You'd think hte media would be making more fuss about that over here, to hide the allegations against the British troops, but I figure that'll happen if they find the photos of the Biritsh troops abusing prisoners are real.
Roethlisberger 0
Ben Roethlisberger - Coolest name in NFL history
Bush's reply was: "That's not the way we do things in America"
For once, the guy was right.
Andy 52
Not-so-evil Emperor
Yeah, I think the British ones are faked, based only on the facts that have been given by the experts. The people who released the photos didn't have any reply for some of the points raised by the MoD.
Yeah, some of those photos are DEFINETLY doctored...
Welcome to the world, oh yeah
As Secretary of Defense, Rumsfeld sure as hell knew what was going on. I don't believe that he should be allowed to hold office anymore because he was hiding it. And of course this little incident make Bush look that much worse going into elections.
chozen 1
Yep..
What really bugs me is that the Mirror continue to persue with the British Army abuse story, despite proof against such claims (although it probably does happen)
They had a "British Soldiers" story the other day.. total bollocks.
Edited October 6, 2008 by Andy
http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,119615,00.html
*sigh* And apparently the Red Cross reported the abuse to the military commanders in November, and now look at what is happening
Pandora 77
Queen of the Undead
I think that for ANYTHING to happen to Rumsfeld, those orders are going to have to be traced pretty freaking high up.
Personally, I'm not fazed at all. I'm sorry it got publicized, I'm sorry you had to see it. But if that's the WORST we're doing during Psych Ops and interrogation, I'm sorry for that too.
Radioactive Isotope 26
Not nearly as innocent as I pretend to be
and yet once again we see how the press only focuses on the negative aspects of this war. as i understand it, these are some pretty high ranking Iraqi officials. we seem to forget what they did to their own people. personally, i don't think a little taste of what they've dished out is so wrong. if these were innocent civilians, though, it'd be different.
we seem to forget what they did to their own people
And... that somehow makes it right?
call it "just desserts." sure, morally it's not right, but this country seems to have quit caring about morals a long time ago. we can get outraged at the abuse of Iraqi prisoners, yet we ignore the fact that over 18,000 Americans are killed by drunk driving a year. seems a bit whacked to me.
Edited May 11, 2004 by Firefly
Drake 53
People's Champion
Doing what they did makes those troops, and their superiors, as bad as the Iraqi troops that were under Saddam. Revenge or no, it's still wrong and I'm glad they're being court martialed. It was stupid to see Bush stand up for Rumsfeld...
Well said, Talon.
yet we ignore the fact that over 18,000 Americans are killed by drunk driving a year. seems a bit whacked to me.
Abusing prisoners of a country that you just "liberated" is slightly different then drunk drivers.
The people who did that need to punished. Going around torturing people isn't going to make them love you any more than they did when they were fighting against you. It is possible for countries that used to fight to get along with eachother. Look at Europe, as much as I hate the European Union, it is amazing that as short ago as half a century we were still fighting eachother. I don't expect the Arab nations (is that the correct term?) to immediatly start being friends with the rest of the world, it will take time, and stuff like this isn't going to help the process.
It's good to see those soilders going through the judicial process.
And JM, by our soilders torturing and humiliating those prisoners, they became no better than the people that we liberated the Iraqi people from. America is supposed to have higher moral standards than that. It saddens me to see this. Unfortunately it happened and has been covered up quite well. I see a big change coming soon
what i was getting at is that we're trying to fix other countries' problems and ignoring our own. i'll be the first to admit this country needs work. healthcare and social security are a mess. is it too much to ask that we get our issues straightened out before takling everyone else's?
i'm not saying that it's right. however, it may be the only treatment these people respond to at all. there's probably a reason for this behavior, and it needed to be investigated internally before the press blew it up. on the other hand, the soldiers could be sadistic jerks and should be shot. *shrug* either way, it's happened and all we can do now is make sure it doesn't happen again.
Unfortunately being a world power means that you have to help the less fortunate in the world. You can't build a big dome over America and say "Screw you" to the world
Even though I'm not American, what you said, JM, would be nice (it would benefit Canada in the process) but it would seem that the government doesn't agree.
it's been tried and then we got dragged into a world war. i think it's amazing how much other countries say they hate America and yet beg for our help when the guy next-door starts harassing them.
Your content will need to be approved by a moderator
Go To Topic Listing The Spaceport
© 2002-2019 Galactic Basic Powered by Invision Community
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2487
|
__label__cc
| 0.702063
| 0.297937
|
Geographia Polonica > Home
Geographia Polonica
Geographia Polonica has been published since 1964; in the years 1964–1998 as a serial publication. Since 1999 – as a journal with two issues per year (Spring and Autumn), and since 2012 there are four issues per year (March, July, October, December). Contributions to the journal on both human and physical geography topics as well as related fields (e.g. urban and regional planning, ecology) should be submitted to the Editor. Papers dealing with Central and Eastern Europe are particularly welcomed.
Geographia Polonica (2019) vol. 92, iss. 4
Tourism transitions, changes and the creation of new spaces and places in Central-Eastern Europe
Tourism transitions, changes, and the creation of new spaces and places in Central-Eastern Europe
Marek Więckowski, Jarkko Saarinen
Geographia Polonica (2019) vol. 92, iss. 4, pp. 369-377 | Full text
doi: https://doi.org/10.7163/GPol.0154
This paper outlines the general context of tourism, and the changes it underwent, in the Central and EasternEurope (CEE) countries post-1990. The role of European Union enlargement is also discussed, allowing for an overall highlighting of the outcomes for tourism of the CEE countries’ political, administrative and institutional transformations. In essence, the development of transport systems and infrastructure have combined with the changing socio-economic conditions people experience to impact economically, socially and culturally– expanding the opportunities where tourism is concerned, as well as competition between countries and regions when it comes to attracting both tourists as such and investors. More specifically, the rapid privatisation of state-owned assets ensured a major impact in changing and developing tourism in the CEE, with the communist/post-communist structural changes in general proving a crucial catalyst underpinning most of the changes noted. This paper further serves the function of concluding contributions making up this special issue, and thus seeks to outline new future directions by which tourism in the CEE countries can be researched from the perspective of human geography.
Keywords: Tourism, transition, post-communism, Central and Eastern European countries (CEE), development, European Union
Marek Więckowski [marekw@twarda.pan.pl], Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Twarda 51/55, 00‑818 Warsaw: Poland
Jarkko Saarinen [jarkko.saarinen@oulu.fi], University of Oulu Department of Geography P.O. Box 3000, FI-90014, Oulu: Finland
From socialist icons to post-socialist attractions: Iconicity of socialist heritage in Central and Eastern Europe
Nikola Naumov, Adi Weidenfeld
The 1989 fall of the Iron Curtain marked the beginning of new economic, socio-cultural and political realities for the former socialist states in Central and Eastern Europe. Along with the economic restructuring from state centralised to market economy, democratisation and liberalisation initiated a transformation of the socialis turban space, which was characterised by the changing role of its iconic landmarks. This conceptual paper examines these post-1989 changes, which range between the removal of these landmarks and their transition into market led iconic and flagship attractions. The paper identifies the changing role of tourism from a top bottom orchestrated to a market led activity, which explains the transformation of some of these landmarks. It introduces a new framework for studying this process by suggesting that iconisation, de-iconisation and re-iconisation processes are interrelated to other strategies and approaches to the transition of the socialist urban landscape into a western market economy. The paper identifies avenues for further research and provides some recommendations for improving the management of similar processes.
Keywords: iconicity, socialism, heritage, tourism, visitor attractions, Central and Eastern Europe
Nikola Naumov [nick.naumov@northampton.ac.uk], Department of Events, Tourism & Hospitality, Faculty of Business & Law University of Northampton, Waterside Campus Learning Hub Building, Room LH201 NN1 5PH, University Drive, Northampton: United Kingdom
Adi Weidenfeld [adi.weidenfeld@coventry.ac.uk], School of Marketing & Management, Faculty of Business & Law Coventry University, Jaguar Building CV1 1FB, Priory Street, Coventry: United Kingdom
Intensive tourist-related urbanisation impacts on a mountain village: The case study of Veľká Lomnica in Slovakia
Lucia Petrikovičová, Alfred Krogmann, Dana Fialová, Andrej Svorad
A key feature of contemporary tourism is massive investment on the part of developers in tourism-relatedurbanisation, with this made most manifest in the construction of recreational apartment houses, and the expansion of ski slopes and golf courses. For obvious reasons, such activities are directed at traditional centres of tourism, which respond to the current trend towards hedonism present in society. However, major development activity has also taken place in municipalities in which tourism only began to play its more significant part once social and political transformation had already occurred. An example is the Slovak municipality of Veľká Lomnica, a village in which golf-course construction has initiated large-scale development projects.The aim of the work described in this paper was precisely to address this example in assessing the impactof tourism-related urbanisation on the municipality in question.
Keywords: tourism-related urbanisation, impact of tourism, Veľká Lomnica municipality, Slovakia
Lucia Petrikovičová [lpetrikovicova@ukf.sk], Faculty of Natural Sciences Department of Geography and Regional Development Constantine The Philosopher University in Nitra Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74 Nitra: Slovakia
Alfred Krogmann [akrogmann@ukf.sk], Faculty of Natural Sciences Department of Geography and Regional Development Constantine The Philosopher University in Nitra Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 949 74 Nitra: Slovakia
Dana Fialová [danafi@natur.cuni.cz], Faculty of Science, Department of Social Geography and Regional Development Charles University in Prague Albertov 6, 128 00 Praha 2: Czech Republic
Andrej Svorad [andrej.svorad0@gmail.com], Unaffiliated researcher
The Northern Ladoga region as a prospective tourist destination in the Russian-Finnish borderland: Historical, cultural, ecological and economic aspects
Svetlana V. Stepanova
The work reported here has examined the transformation of the Northern Ladoga region (a natural and historicalregion in the Russian-Finnish borderland) from ‘closed’ border area into a prospective tourist destination in the face of changes taking place in the 1990s. Three periods to the development of tourism in the region are identified, while the article goes on to explore general trends and features characterising the developmentof a tourist destination, with the focus on tourist infrastructure, the developing types of tourism and tourism-oriented projects. Measures to further stimulate tourism as an economic activity of the region are suggested.
Keywords: tourism development, the Northern Ladoga region, tourist destination, Russian-Finnish borderland, Republic of Karelia, political and socio-economic changes
Svetlana V. Stepanova [svkorka@mail.ru], Institute of Economics Karelian Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences 50 A. Nevskogo st., Petrozavodsk 185030, Republic of Karelia: Russia
Polycentric intra-urban development of hotels: Evidence from Budapest
Tomasz Napierała
The aim of the paper is to understand evolutionary changes of hotel intra-urban location policy during the period of the economic transition. Thus, the theoretical model of polycentric intra-urban development of hotel facilities is introduced in this research. Polycentric development is defined as the result of two ongoing and contrary tendencies: (1) spatial sprawl of hotel facilities resulting from new hotel investments, and (2) concentration of hotel enterprises, which is the effect of demand-based and production-based agglomeration processesof hotel facilities in particular locations. To examine this theoretical concept, the changes of spatial distributionof hotel entities in Budapest since 1982 were investigated. Kernel density estimation was applied to identify thenumber, location, and area of clusters of hotel services. Empirical evidence confirms the proposed theoreticalmodel of polycentric intra-urban development of hotels, although significant hotel clusters are only formedin the central districts of Budapest.
Keywords: hotels, polycentricity, city, Budapest, evolutionary economic geography
Tomasz Napierała [tomasz.napierala@geo.uni.lodz.pl], Faculty of Geographical Sciences University of Łódź Kopcińskiego 31, 90-142 Łódź: Poland
The role and importance of Promotion Centers in creating the image of tourist destination: Romania
Grigore Vasile Herman, Jan A. Wendt, Răzvan Dumbravă, Maria Gozner
The expansion of tourism at regional and global levels requires considerable efforts from those involved, if tourist-destination management is to be optimized. In that context, the purpose of the work underpinning this article has been to emphasize and quantify the roles and functions that responding examples of Romania’s Tourist Information and Promotion Centers play and serve, as they seek to create and promote for their country the image of attractive tourist destination. Indicators taken account of in the work relate to tasks set out in the domestic legislation put in place to accredit the said National Tourist Information and Promotion Centers. Results obtained using the questionnaire method, though limited quantitatively (to just the 35 out of 110 Centers that responded positively to the research team’s request), are suggestive in qualitative terms, providing valuable information that successfully reflects the role and importance of Centers of this kind in outlining and developing the image of Romania as a destination for tourists.
Keywords: promotion center, tourism destination, local tourist products, destination imaging, Romania
Grigore Vasile Herman [grigoreherman@yahoo.com], Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sport University of Oradea 1st University Street, 410 087 Oradea: Romania
Jan A. Wendt [jan.wendt@ug.edu.pl], Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, Institute of Geography Gdańsk University Bażyńskiego Str. 4, 80-309 Gdańsk: Poland
Răzvan Dumbravă [razvid@gmail.com], Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sport University of Oradea 1st University Street, 410 087 Oradea: Romania
Maria Gozner [mariagozner@yahoo.com], Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sport University of Oradea 1st University Street, 410 087 Oradea: Romania
Profile of tourists visiting cultural heritage cities: Comparative study of selected cities in Central Europe
Mariola Tracz, Małgorzata Bajgier-Kowalska
The aim of this paper is to explore the profile of tourists visiting Budapest, Prague and Warsaw. These cities were selected for their rich cultural heritage and change in volume of tourism in recent years. Survey data(N = 550) and statistical data on tourist volume were used to show similarities and differences in tourist characteristics in terms of socio-demographics and purpose of travel. The study concluded that most tourists visiting these cities are from Western Europe. The main purpose of travel is associated with cultural tourism offerings and entertainment. The study results help understand impact of city tourism development strategies on the tourist profile.
Keywords: capital cities, cultural heritage cities, tourist profile, urban tourism, Central and Eastern Europe
Mariola Tracz [mtracz-62@o2.pl], Polish Geographical Society, Department of Kraków Podchorążych 2, 30-084 Kraków: Poland
Małgorzata Bajgier-Kowalska [malbajkow@interia.pl], Faculty of Law, Administration and International Relations Department of International Tourism and Social Geography Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Kraków University Gustawa Herlinga-Grudzińskiego 1, 30-705 Kraków: Poland
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2488
|
__label__cc
| 0.667322
| 0.332678
|
Get Italian Football News
YOUR HOME OF ITALIAN FOOTBALL IN ENGLISH
Get Football News Germany
Gli Azzurri
Meret: Napoli have “a mental problem.”
Reflecting on his side’s vastly different form in the Champions League and in domestic action, goalkeeper Alex Meret admitted he believes Napoli’s problems are all in their heads.
“We have to leave everything else out, and think only about the pitch. Everything else must not affect us,” Meret said at a press conference ahead of the meeting with Genk. “We know that this is an important game, we have the desire to find a victory that we’ve been missing for some time.
“We are all focused and we know that making it through to the next round depends only on us. We haven’t been able to keep up our rhythm for the entirety of a game, this affects us. But I think it’s a mental problem and not a physical one.
”We have shown this to be the case in the Champions League. We can overcome the problem by keeping up that same rhythm during a Serie A game.”
FEATURE | Serie A Betting Preview – Gameweek 20
Sarri: Higuain goal “beautiful” but not Sarri-ball
Juventus “do not need” more defenders despite Demiral injury
Politano and Spinazzola undergo medicals
Sarri: Dybala argument “normal.”
Nemanja Matic in talks with AC Milan
Web design London TWK
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2489
|
__label__wiki
| 0.838961
| 0.838961
|
GMH denies retaliation against Dr. Kozue Shimabukuro
The hospital denied allegations the doctor made at a legislative public hearing.
GMH denies retaliation against Dr. Kozue Shimabukuro The hospital denied allegations the doctor made at a legislative public hearing. Check out this story on guampdn.com: http://www.guampdn.com/story/news/2018/06/12/gmh-says-actions-against-dr-shimabukuro-arent-retaliation/693342002/
Pacific Daily News Published 2:46 p.m. ChT June 12, 2018 | Updated 3:48 p.m. ChT June 12, 2018
Dr. Kozue Shimubukuro, right, reads her written statement alleging mismanagement, corruption and politicking at Guam Memorial Hospital, while Dr. Jerone Landstrom, left, looks on, during Monday's public hearing on a bill seeking to repeal a 2 percent sales tax law before it takes into effect on Oct. 1. The sales tax would have given GMH about $30 million a year in dedicated funding source to address its perennial operational shortfall.(Photo: Haidee Eugenio/PDN)
Guam Memorial Hospital held a press conference Tuesday afternoon in response to allegations of financial mismanagement and retaliation.
Dr. Kozue Shimabukuro made the allegations at a legislative public hearing Monday.
Shimabukuro said at the hearing that GMH is losing millions of dollars because of mismanagement and corruption, and is being used as a political pawn. Shimabukuro was among those who testified on Sen. Mike San Nicolas' bill to repeal the recently approved 2 percent sales tax, a portion of which — about $30 million a year — is supposed to subsidize the hospital.
Shimabukuro gave a lengthy testimony that included what she described as ultimate retaliation by removing her administrative duties, and GMH officials lying under oath to senators on May 2 about her removal from her office.
"I can assure you, it was absolutely not a personnel matter," she said.
Watch GMH's management rebut her allegations in this recorded livestream.
Read or Share this story: http://www.guampdn.com/story/news/2018/06/12/gmh-says-actions-against-dr-shimabukuro-arent-retaliation/693342002/
Ex-Guam teacher fired, accused of giving student alcohol
Tire mountain in Cocos Lagoon to be cleaned
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2493
|
__label__wiki
| 0.953081
| 0.953081
|
Home > Jewish World
Italy to Deport Muslim Preacher for Praising Killing of Jews
Muslim leaders applaud the move against hate speech, though some wonder why there wasn’t a trial.
Anna Momigliano
Send me email alerts for new articles by Anna Momigliano
MILAN, Italy – A Muslim cleric is set to be deported from Italy because of alleged hate speech against Jews, the Italian authorities said this week.
Gaza op spurs Italian call for 'Nuremberg for Israel' trial
Italian philosopher apologizes for saying he wanted to 'shoot those bastard Zionists'
Are Jewish gangs in Rome taking revenge for teens' murder?
Austria seeks standardized Koran to stem Islamic extremism
Rome Jewish leader insists on change of location of proposed Holocaust memorial
Rome's only Jewish hospital investigated for fraud
Rome marks anniversary of 1982 Great Synagogue blast
Arrest of ‘fake’ Hitler shows muddled Italian take on Fascism law
Arm Muslims against radicalization by giving them a voice
This Day in Jewish History / The people of Erfurt slaughter the Jews
Abd Al-Barr Al-Rawdhi, an immigrant from Morocco, works as a preacher in San Donà di Piave, a small town about 30 kilometers north of Venice.
On Sunday, the Middle East Media Research Institute, a watchdog against hate speech in the Arabic- and Farsi-language media, uploaded a video in which Rawdhi appears to be praising the killing of Jews, even though the word “Jew” is never mentioned, the authorities say.
“What can we possibly expect from people who lost all respect for Allah, saying to Moses: 'Show us Allah outright?'” the preacher said, referring to a passage in the Koran in which the Jews challenge Moses. “What can we possibly expect from people who said 'the hand of Allah is shackled?' May their own hands be shackled, and may they be cursed for what they said.”
The translation by the institute, also known as Memri, has been confirmed by Haaretz. According to Memri’s website, the video was taken from another site, though Memri does not say which one. Haaretz was not able to trace its original source.
The Italian right-wing newspaper Libero reported on the issue Monday, quoting from Memri’s translation. The following, day Interior Minister Angelino Alfano, a hardliner on immigration policies, announced that Rawdhi would be deported.
“We cannot accept that people deliver such obviously anti-Semitic speeches that incite to violence and religious hatred,” Alfano told La Stampa, a mainstream newspaper. Rawdhi’s expulsion should “serve as a warning for all those who think they can spread hatred in Italy,” he added.
Keep updated: Sign up to our newsletter
Rawdhi is currently being held by the military police, so he is unavailable for comment.
Anti-Semitism has been a concern for the authorities in recent weeks as anti-Semitic graffiti has proliferated in Rome and other cities.
The planned deportation has received mixed reactions in Italy’s 1.5-million-strong Muslim community. “Those who preach hatred should be expelled from [Italy’s] mosques,” Bouchaib Tanji, president of the Islamic federation of the Venice area, told La Stampa, praising Alfano’s decision.
Others claimed that Rawdhi should have been granted the right to a trial. Mohammed Guerfi, the imam of Verona, described the decision to deport Rawdhi without trial as "shameful" and a sign of "disrespect to the Italian constitution."
According to Guerfi, Rawdhi's comments were directed at Israel, not the Jews. "What do the authorities expect from us – to keep quiet about the war in Gaza?" Guerfi said.
Others had similar views. “Any form of anti-Semitism and hate speech should be condemned; moreover, it goes against Italian law,” Davide Piccardo, the leader of one of the largest Muslim organizations in northern Italy, told Haaretz. “What I don’t get, however, is why Rawdhi was expelled, and so quickly, instead of being put on trial. I mean, don’t people get to defend themselves when they’re accused of something?”
Such cases might be used to spread distrust of Italy’s Muslim community, Piccardo added.
More than 60 percent of Italians have a negative view of Muslims, a record for Western Europe, according to a recent Pew survey.
Piccardo also expressed concerns that the Italian authorities might have based their decision on a video translated by Memri that “appears to be edited and cut.” But Alfano has told reporters that the decision to deport Rawdhi was made after a “thorough investigation” by the anti-terror police.
The mosque in San Donà di Piave has had problems with the law before. A preacher from that mosque, Ahmad Chaddad, was arrested on terror and illegal-immigration charges in 2012. A native of Syria, Chaddad was accused of aiding illegal immigrants and recruiting volunteers for the fighting in Syria.
Muslim preacher Abd Al-Barr Al-RawdhiMemri
Haaretz Contributor
Europe Jews
10 hours ago 1 comments 1
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2495
|
__label__wiki
| 0.953111
| 0.953111
|
O2 Academy
Lewis Capaldi adds second Glasgow date after tickets sell out in seconds
The Glasgow singer woke up to amazing sales after spending last night at the Brits
Isaac Callan
Soulful Glasgow favourite Lewis Capaldi has added a second Glasgow date to his world tour, after tickets for his Edinburgh and Glasgow shows sold out in seconds.
The singer, whose song Someone You Loved has been in the charts over recent weeks, originally announced he would headline at the O2 Academy on December 8, after he supported Bastille in the same venue this month.
Glasgow’s youngest entrepreneurs showcase green business ideas to First Minister
However, phenomenal demand for his tickets has led to Capaldi adding a second date the day before in the same venue. This means he will now play two consecutive shows on December 7 and December 8 this year.
The latest Glasgow performances, following appearances at TRNSMT and the Barrowland Ballroom, are part of the tour to promote the singer's debut album Divinely Uninspired to a Hellish Extent.
Pitou talks gigs, channelling emotion into music and the 'magic' of the human voice
Taking to Twitter, the star expressed just how much selling out the gig meant to him, saying: "honestly can’t believe this man how is that even possible. no words!!!! X"
Last night Capaldi attended the Brit Awards, along with fellow soulful Glasgow star Tom Walker, who was awarded the gong for Breakthrough Artist.
Although he may not have won an award at the glitzy ceremony, we can be quite sure that selling out nights at the O2 Academy and Edinburgh's Usher Hall before adding extra dates to his tour will do just fine for Lewis Capaldi.
Tickets for Lewis Capaldi's show can be found here.
For more breaking news and all that's going on in your city, head to the Glasgow Live homepage - or you can check us out on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.
TRNSMT
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2497
|
__label__wiki
| 0.987456
| 0.987456
|
Benedictine sister helps repeal state law on religious garb in schools
by Joe Ruff, Catholic News Service
When Sr. Madeleine Miller tried to substitute teach two years ago at Norfolk Public Schools, she was told they'd love to have her — but she couldn't wear her habit.
"Really?" the Missionary Benedictine sister replied. "Tell me more."
A 1919 state law backed by the Ku Klux Klan and other anti-Catholic groups barred teachers from "religious garb" in public schools. It had never been challenged.
But it didn't sit right with Miller, whose religious community in Norfolk encouraged her to try to change the law.
"Anyone of any faith should be able to wear something that signifies their religious faith and feel comfortable," she said. "You need to leave your religion at the door? I don't think so."
Miller contacted state Sen. Jim Scheer of Norfolk in late 2015, and his office began working on the bill he introduced this year to repeal the ban. Lawmakers approved the bill 39-5 March 23 and Gov. Pete Ricketts signed it into law four days later. In January, Scheer was elected speaker of the unicameral Legislature.
The Nebraska Catholic Conference, which represents the public policy interests of Nebraska's three bishops, also supported Sister Miller's efforts. The conference's executive director, Tom Venzor, testified in support of the bill Jan. 17, and praised lawmakers for lifting the ban.
"The (NCC) is grateful for the work of Speaker Jim Scheer and the Nebraska Legislature to repeal the religious garb prohibition," Venzor said. "Initially rooted in anti-Catholic animosity, this prohibition failed to extend the robust religious liberties that all citizens — teachers included — should enjoy in our state. We hope that Nebraska continues to be a place where the religious liberty and conscience rights of all are preserved and defended."
Spencer Head, a research analyst for Scheer, said Nebraska and Pennsylvania were the only states left with a ban on religious garb for teachers in public schools that once included 36 states.
In some states, religious garb was interpreted to include jewelry and other ornaments, he told the Catholic Voice, newspaper of the Archdiocese of Omaha. But because it had never been challenged in court in Nebraska, it is impossible to know how public school officials might have interpreted religious garb, how many times it quietly had been enforced, he said.
Sister Miller, who now teaches juniors and seniors theology at Bishop Heelan High School in Sioux City, Iowa, said she knew of several people who respectfully accepted terms of the nearly century-old law, which also banned such garb as yarmulkes and burqas.
"It became not about me, but about other people," Miller said of her successful efforts to overturn the law.
Spirituality | Benedictine sister helps repeal state law on religious garb in schools
Our moral compass must be awakened
You never know where light will be
It is time to free Mary and let God have her own maternal face
Our differences will make the difference
Hospitality and food insecurity
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2502
|
__label__wiki
| 0.756969
| 0.756969
|
Home / News / aerodynamics
Tesla Model 3 To Aim For 0.20 Drag Coefficient: Report
Stephen Edelstein November 18, 2015
The Tesla Model 3 will be more aerodynamic than the Model S, a new report says.
Mercedes-Benz Concept IAA Changes Shape For Better Efficiency
The Mercedes-Benz Concept IAA changes shape at certain speeds to lower drag.
Stephen Edelstein September 23, 2015
2015 Ford F-150 'Air Curtain' Cuts Aerodynamic Drag
The Ford F-150 uses ducting in its wheel wells to deal with aerodynamic drag from spinning wheels.
Stephen Edelstein July 17, 2015
Tesla Model S Body Kit: Definitely Different, Range-Robbing Too?
Body kits--add-on components and replacements for a car's front and rear fascias and door sills--are often a good way for owners to make their vehicle stand out from the crowd. Often used on luxury brands and tuner cars, the updated looks are usually edgier and more aggressive than the factory...
John Voelcker April 17, 2015
Yes, Roof Boxes And Ski Racks Really Do Cut MPG—More Than You Might Think
If you follow our coverage on fuel efficiency, you know that real-world mileage numbers don't always measure up to the official EPA ratings. But if you think failing to meet those EPA numbers by five or ten percent is already a letdown, be very careful about your cargo-carrying expectations in your...
Bengt Halvorson April 15, 2015
First Body Kit For BMW i3 Electric Car: Looks Tougher, Probably Less Efficient
A BMW i3 body kit arguably looks good, but clashes with the car's mission.
Stephen Edelstein October 8, 2014
2015 Ford Mustang EcoBoost Adds Grille Shutters To Cut Wind Drag
Antony Ingram February 28, 2014
The 2015 Ford Mustang has a tricky job to do. Not only must it impress fans of previous Mustangs, but as sales expand into Europe it must become more efficient too. To that end Ford has installed a four-cylinder engine for the first time in many years, but it's also worked on aerodynamics--such as active grille shutters. When it arrives, the 2.3-liter EcoBoost model will play a middle ground between the thumping V-8 and entry-level V-6 models. But for customers wanting high performance with reasonable efficiency, it's sure to be the pick of the range--particularly for customers in markets...
Is The BulletTruck What Semis Will Look Like In The Future?
Recently, we attracted flak from some quarters of our readership for featuring pickup trucks. While not green by the standards of modern electric vehicles and hybrids, their push towards greater efficiency is equally important--because the biggest gains come from the most popular and...
Antony Ingram January 7, 2014
Chevy Volt's Wind Thrumming Noise: Aero Fix Now Available
It's become a common part of road testing: Get the car up to speed, then roll down a window to see how bad the drumming and buffeting gets. Never experienced it? Try it on your own car sometime. Now, it turns out, there's an aerodynamic add-on fix available to cure the worst of the thrumming...
John Voelcker December 9, 2013
Want To Boost Gas Mileage? Remove That Bike Rack, Says Consumer Reports
If you're one of the millions of Americans preparing for your summer vacation, you might also be readying the family's bicycles for some exercise while you're away. Chances are, this involves some kind of roof-mounted bicycle rack for your car. And this can have a dramatic effect on your gas...
Antony Ingram July 9, 2013
University Of Michigan Solar Car Takes Sun Power To New Extremes
If you want to know why road-going electric vehicles aren't powered by solar panels mounted on the roof, here's your answer. Technically it's feasible, but you'd have to do without amenities, comfort, performance, or indeed a vehicle which doesn't look like an asymmetric air hockey table. The air...
Antony Ingram June 20, 2013
New Gas Mileage Rules Will Reshape What Americans Drive: Aerodynamics And Weight
No, we won't all be driving golf carts. In fact, as cars change over the next 12 years to meet much tougher fuel-economy rules, automakers will likely do their best to keep the changes invisible. Your next vehicles will deliver better gas mileage than ever before, no matter how large or small they...
Tall, Skinny Tires: Newest Green-Car Efficiency Trend
There are many unusual things about the BMW i3 Concept electric minicar revealed last month, including its glass doors and roof, not to mention BMW's first production battery-electric powertrain. But the BMW i3 is also at the leading edge of another efficiency trend: tall, narrow tires that reduce the vehicle's wind resistance compared to the usual short, wide tires fitted to cars today. Fitting low-rolling-resistance tires to a line's most efficient models is now de rigeur. Over the years, these harder, lower-friction tires have gone through several generations, so that's today's versions...
How Does Your New Car Get Better MPG Than Your Old One?
Almost every day we hear of a shiny new car that gets a certain number of miles to the gallon, a number often greater than its predecessor. It sometimes seems like witchcraft - until significant steps towards high-tech materials are taken, rarely do cars lose weight from one model to the next (with...
Antony Ingram September 23, 2011
Can 'Trailer Tails' Save A Semi 6 Percent Of Its Diesel Fuel?
One of the best ways to save a lot of fuel is to improve the efficiency of the lowest-mileage vehicles on the roads. Those include semis, which often get no more than 2 or 3 miles per gallon of diesel fuel. Their huge diesel engines must put out massive torque to tow one, two, or even three...
John Voelcker August 26, 2011
Toyota Adds Prius Plus Performance Package To Hot Up Hybrid Handling
Pretty much every Toyota Prius hybrid you see on the streets looks the same. Wild customization is generally limited to personalized plates that promote the driver's green credentials, solar panels, eco-living, or general hybrid luv-luv-LUV. That's about to change. Toyota announced today it will...
Active Shutters Helping 2011 Chevrolet Cruze Eco Reach 40 MPG
GM has one of the largest wind tunnel testing facilities in the world, in fact it is the largest used for automotive applications, so it’s only fitting that the company is applying knowledge learned in its wind tunnel to a much more diverse range of vehicles than its competitors. That’s right...
Viknesh Vijayenthiran August 11, 2010
GM Boosting Fuel Economy With Louvered Grilles
When it comes to fuel economy, the powertrain is the first thing people think of when it comes time to improving it. After that it’s typically vehicle weight. However, one of the simplest and most effective ways of improving fuel economy is through aerodynamics. Everyone knows that the slipperier...
Toyota in Japan Gets Into The Prius Hybrid Bodykit Business
John Voelcker January 15, 2010
The Japanese auto show known as the Tokyo Auto Salon is full of as many customized cars--and just as much weirdness--as its domestic counterpart, the massive SEMA show in Las Vegas. And just as it did at SEMA, with its Aerius and Aemulus customized Prius concepts, Toyota brought a factory custom to the Tokyo Auto Salon. In this case, it's the 2010 Toyota Prius G Sports Concept. It's a conversion that will actually be sold through Toyota dealers to "customers who strongly desire to own a unique vehicle." The modifications include sports suspension, racing seats, and aerodynamics parts...
Holiday Gift Guide: The Best Accessories For Your Toyota Prius
The huge SEMA show, mecca of car modifications from awful to awesome, now attracts even manufacturers, who commission custom versions of production cars in hopes that hotness will rub off on them. Even Toyota showed the Prius Aerius and Aemulus this year. But the real action is in the aftermarket...
Final Aptera 2e Styling Leaked, We Drive the Electric 3-Wheeler
To green-car fans, the idea of an ultra-aerodynamic electric two-seater sounds pretty familiar, right? Think the late, lamented EV1 from General Motors, subject of the controversial documentary, Who Killed the Electric Car? But for more than 4,000 people who've put down deposits on the 2011 Aptera...
30 Days of the 2010 Toyota Prius: Day 8, Body and Aerodynamics
It may look the same, but every facet of the 2010 Toyota Prius shape has been improved, all toward lowering air drag to improve mileage
John Voelcker April 1, 2009
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2507
|
__label__wiki
| 0.930884
| 0.930884
|
Grimsby Town Football Club badge - Link to home
Grimsby Town Football Club
Youth/ Academy News
McMenemy's Function Suite
Women's Fixtures
League Two Clubs
Half Time Bonanza
Half Season Ticket
Matchday Accreditation And Media Requests
Ticket Office Opening Times
Away Visitors Guide
Player Care
U18s' Team
iFollow Information
GTFC Store
Sport & Education Trust
McMenemys
McAllister Makes Loan Move
Town midfielder has made a loan move to York City
Sean McAllister has joined National League North side York City on a one-month loan deal.
Town boss Russell Slade is looking to get the midfielder some valuable match time under his belt after recovering from a groin injury.
Speaking to gtfc.co.uk, Slade said: “It's a great opportunity for him to get some competitive football.
"Because of his injuries, he's had such little game time over the last 12 months. With that in mind, a month out on loan at York gives him the opportunity to play a number of first team competitive games over a short period of time and we can re-evaluate his situation when he returns".
The Minstermen travel to AFC Telford for a National League North fixture on Saturday.
Martin Gray’s side are currently ninth in the league table but a victory could lift the club back into the promotion play-off zone.
Loan deal
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2509
|
__label__wiki
| 0.762885
| 0.762885
|
Lewis Posts Fifth Double-Double in Dominant Second Half at Oxy
Caltech (0-17 (0-8)) 18 29 47
Occidental (3-12 (1-5)) 35 23 58
Pts: Kate Lewis - 18
Reb: Kate Lewis - 11
Ast: Michelle Wong - 4
Pts: Triana Anderson - 12
Reb: Kendahl Wallis-Lang - 9
Ast: Dru Ishibashi - 4
LOS ANGELES, Calif. (Jan. 21, 2015) – Sophomore Kate Lewis (San Antonio, Texas / Ronald Reagan) put together her SCIAC-leading fifth double-double of the season as a dominant second half by the Caltech women's basketball team was not enough to overcome a slow start at rival Occidental College on Wednesday night.
Lewis posted game highs in both points (18) and rebounds (11) for her 20th career game scoring in double figures and 10th in rebounds as the Beavers held their opponent to a season-low 58 points but an early surge propelled the Tigers to victory, 58-47. Oxy improves to 3-12 overall and earns its first SCIAC win to move to 1-5, while Caltech drops to 0-17 (0-8).
Oxy scored the first eight points of the game over the opening 3:25 and flirted with a double-figure margin most of the half before surging ahead to a game-high lead of 22 at 42-20 early in the second half. The Beavers would post a +11 scoring margin over the final 17 minutes of play, however, with Lewis recording two-thirds of her total production and the Beavers committing a mere four turnovers over that stretch.
Junior Stephanie Wong (Palos Verdes Estates, Calif. / Palos Verdes Peninsula) reached double figures for the fourth straight game with 10 points, adding three assists and three steals, while junior Kristin Anderson (Folsom, Calif. / St. Francis) chipped in nine points and seven rebounds in just 19 minutes. Sophomore Michelle Wong (Palos Verdes Estates, Calif. / Palos Verdes Peninsula) added a team-high four assists and three steals along with hitting the Beavers' lone three-pointer.
"Our sophomores stepped up tonight to provide leadership and grit when we needed it most," Head Coach Sandra Marbut said. "Both Kate and Michelle did exactly what we needed them to and really did it with great resilience. They just got determined and took over our charge, getting us back onto Oxy's heels late."
Marbut and the Beavers will head to the University of La Verne (7-9, 4-3) on Saturday, Jan. 24 for a 2 p.m. matchup.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2511
|
__label__cc
| 0.564604
| 0.435396
|
JV Basketball Schedule
Emmanuel Men's Basketball Advances to Final Round of NCCAA National Championship
Bluefield Col.
Bluefield Col. (18-14) 24 32 56
Emmanuel (Ga.) (22-10) 0 42 78
Pts: Jorge Concepcion III - 11
Reb: TEAM - 8
Ast: Ty'quon Reid - 3
Pts: 2 Players (# 3, #23) - 15
Ast: 3 Players (# 2, #15, #23) - 3
WINONA LAKE, Ind. – The Emmanuel Men's Basketball team continued their post-season win streak to advance to the National Championship from snagging the semi-final win against Bluefield College, 78-56.
Emerson McClung and Kendrick Colvin led the Lions in scoring with 15 points each. Derek Vandiver was not far behind with 10 points. The Lions shot 50% from the field and 75% from the line.
Graham Maxwell, Assistant Coach, spoke out on the game and says, "We played extremely well collectively. Everyone did their job. Our bench gave us great minutes tonight, as well."
The first shot was fired off by Emerson McClung putting three on the board. Bluefield gave away many free throws to a variety of players for Emmanuel. Derek Vandiver helped lead the first half sinking three 3-pointers in consecutive possessions. Emerson McClung fired off the last 3-pointer of the first half. The Lions walked off the court leading 42-24.
The second half started with Austin Greene and Kendrick Colvin shooting from the field. Kendrick Colvin was fouled going 4-4 from the line. The Lions held onto their defense against Bluefield but continued to blow through Bluefield's defense. The Lions were up by twenty-two with ten minutes left in the game. Colton Collins fired off the last 3-pointer of the game.
The Lions walked off the court victorious with a 22-point win, 78-56. They will play in the National Championship game Saturday, March 17th at 5:00 PM. The game will be shown in the Shaw Athletic Center for any students or local fans to support the Lions during their last stop in this journey.
Looking ahead at the championship game on Saturday, Graham Maxwell also says, "Come Saturday, we have to be locked in. This for everything and everybody will be a little tired and banged up on both ends. It will just come down to hustle plays and execution. We are blessed to have this opportunity and we are excited to represent our school in the game."
For more information on Emmanuel College Athletics, please visit www.goeclions.com.
March 26, 2018 Robinson and Delasbour Named Athletes of the Week
March 21, 2018 Road to a Title
March 20, 2018 Coach Rosene Named NCCAA Men's Basketball Coach of the Year
March 17, 2018 Emmanuel Men's Basketball Takes the NCCAA National Championship, 85-65!
March 15, 2018 Emmanuel Men's Basketball Advances to Final Round of NCCAA National Championship
March 14, 2018 Men’s Basketball Advances to Semi-Finals at NCCAA National Tournament
March 9, 2018 Men's Basketball Lions Head to Nationals!
March 8, 2018 Lions Make it to Final Round of Region Tournament
February 21, 2018 Lions Fall to King at Last Away Game
February 20, 2018 Lions take a 14-point Victory over NGU
February 17, 2018 Lions Win Close Game Against SWU
February 14, 2018 Lions Continue Win Streak against Mount Olive
February 10, 2018 Lions Sweep Limestone
February 3, 2018 Basketball Lions Stops the Tornado in its Tracks
January 31, 2018 Crusader's Top Men's Basketball By One Point
January 27, 2018 Lions Shut Down Belmont Abbey
January 23, 2018 Lions Comeback against Lees-McRae
January 20, 2018 Lions Victory over Barton College
January 13, 2018 Lions Two-Point Loss against Lees-McRae
January 5, 2018 Men’s Basketball Drops Tough Conference Match
January 3, 2018 Men's Basketball Adds Another Conference Win
December 15, 2017 Men's Basketball Downs Bob Jones
December 13, 2017 Men's Basketball Continues Win Streak Against Columbia International
December 11, 2017 Men's Basketball Downs Voorhees College
December 8, 2017 Robinson and de Blanck Named Athletes of the Week
December 2, 2017 Men's Basketball Falls to Mount Olive in Double Overtime
November 27, 2017 Men's Basketball Wins First Home Game
November 15, 2017 Men's Basketball Downs Coker College
November 11, 2017 Men's Basketball Drops Game Against Georgia College
November 10, 2017 Men's Basketball Kicks off Season Against North Georgia
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2512
|
__label__wiki
| 0.970845
| 0.970845
|
Los Angeles Kings goalie Jonathan Quick (32) covers up the puck and makes the save as Vancouver Canucks’ Elias Pettersson (40), of Sweden, reaches for it during the second period of an NHL hockey game in Vancouver, on Wednesday October 9, 2019. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Darryl Dyck
Canucks crush L.A. Kings 8-2 for first win of season
Vancouver cruises in Horvat’s first game as captain
Oct. 9, 2019 10:00 p.m.
VANCOUVER — J.T. Miller had a career-high four-point night on Wednesday, helping his Vancouver Canucks to a 8-2 win over the L.A. Kings.
Miller had a goal and three assists for Vancouver (1-2-0), while Brandon Sutter had two goals and an assist and Chris Tanev registered a goal and a helper.
Canucks Elias Pettersson, Josh Leivo and Alex Edler also scored, and rookie defenceman Quinn Hughes notched his first NHL goal.
Tyler Toffoli and Sean Walker scored for L.A. (1-2-0).
Canucks netminder Jacob Markstrom faced a barrage of shots and made 37 saves.
Jonathan Quick stopped 17-of-25 shots.
Quinn Hughes (19 years, 360 days) is the youngest @Canucks defenseman to score since J.J Daigneault (19 years, 176 days) on April 6, 1985. #NHLStats pic.twitter.com/tuoueLJRGP
— NHL Public Relations (@PR_NHL) October 10, 2019
The victory marked the Canucks’ home opener and the club used the opportunity to name Bo Horvat as the franchise’s 14th captain before the puck dropped.
Vancouver’s first big chance of the night came on a power play 5:26 into the first period after Walker was called for tripping.
Hughes wound up and sent a slap shot flying from the point, sending the puck soaring past Quick. It was the rookie defenceman’s first NHL goal.
Sutter widened the lead 42 seconds later after the Kings failed to clear the puck. The veteran centre took a wrist shot from the face off dot and beat Quick glove side.
A bit of patient play by Sutter early in the second period set up Vancouver’s next goal.
After getting the puck in the slot, he waited for help and found Pettersson, sending a spinning back-handed pass to the Swedish centre’s tape. Pettersson put away a smooth wrist shot to give the Canucks a three-goal lead.
The Kings responded 7:28 into the second frame. Carl Grundstrom got a crisp pass off to a wide-open Toffoli and the right-winger streaked deep into Vancouver territory, slipping a shot past Markstrom’s skate on the breakaway.
L.A.’s Ilya Kovalchuk inadvertendly helped on the Canucks’ fourth goal of the night.
Miller sent a back-handed pass into traffic from down low and the puck bounced off Kovalchuk and in.
The goal was Miller’s first in a Canucks’ jersey. The forward was traded to Vancouver from Tampa Bay last June.
READ MORE: Vancouver Canucks tab Bo Horvat as new captain
L.A. kept pressing in the third period and added a second goal 6:51 in after Anze Kopitar left a drop pass for Walker along the boards. The defenceman picked up the puck and got a shot past Markstrom high on the glove side to bring the score to 4-2.
But the Canucks weren’t content with a two goal lead.
Just 40 seconds after the Kings’ goal, Brock Boeser connected with Hughes, who sent a hard shot flying at the L.A. net. Tanev tipped it in for his first goal of the season and his 100th NHL point.
Miller set up the next tally, getting the puck to Edler. The veteran defenceman put a slap shot past Quick to make it 6-2 with 10 minutes left on the clock.
Less than two minutes later, the Canucks’ new captain sent a pass across the top of the Kings’ crease and Leivo tipped it in.
Sutter sealed the score 16:03 into the final frame with a long back-handed shot.
However, Kings defenceman Drew Doughty dug the puck out of the net and play continued for a few moments before the horn was blown.
The play was reviewed and officials deemed it was a good goal.
“I was nervous. That was a big moment. To have the Sedins there was huge. Then we played a game like that with all the lines rolling. What a night.” – @BoHorvat pic.twitter.com/kXj2SPk9IT
— Vancouver Canucks (@Canucks) October 10, 2019
Despite the final score, the Kings had ample opportunities, including on four power plays. One man advantage saw L.A. take Vancouver five-on-three.
The Canucks’ penalty remained stedfast, however. Vancouver has yet to allow a power-play goal this season.
NOTES: Sutter, Tanev and Edler were all named assistant captains for the season.
Gemma Karstens-Smith, The Canadian Press
Vancouver Canucks tab Bo Horvat as new captain
Sidney quintet strikes bowling silver at BC Senior Games
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2513
|
__label__wiki
| 0.537225
| 0.537225
|
Latest > World Handicap System
So, what’s new?
Get ready folks there is a new handicapping system on its way. For those across the pond things will not be much different but for golfers in the UK, and to a slightly lesser extent Europe, there is a fair bit changing. The new World Handicap System will be introduced in the USA and dozens of other countries in January 2020 with the changes coming to the UK, Sweden, Portugal and Italy in November.
We have swotted up and as usual its all a bit complicated but hopefully the following will give you the basics of what you need to know.
What is the World Handicap System?
The World Handicap System consolidates the half dozen or so handicap calculations previously used around the world into one single, portable system
How is a World Handicap calculated?
The system makes an average based calculation of a handicap, based on the best eight out of the last twenty scores. There is a safety mechanism to ensure that a player's handicap cannot increase by more than 5 shots during a 12 month period.
Is there still a maximum score a player can take on a hole?
Yes. The golfing bodies had different methods for limiting the score that counted on a hole and thus perhaps safeguarding against manipulation (Who would do such a thing? Ed). The WHS also has a maximum, limiting a players score on a hole to a Net Double Bogey. So for example, if a players gets a stroke at a par 5 hole the maximum score he can take is a 8 (net 7).
What is the maximum handicap for men and women?
There is a new limit of 54, regardless of gender. Look out as World as GolfPunk predicts some eyewatering scores at clubs which allow handicaps this high!
What about the impact of bad weather on a round?
There is a “playing conditions calculation” (PCC) that adjusts how your score impacts your handicap Index depending on the average of all scores posted at that course on the day. For example, if high winds or pouring rain cause you to shoot a higher score than normal you will not suffer (that much!). The WHS algorithm accounts for this to keep the score from negatively affecting your Index, particularly if all scores that day were high.
This is similar to the calculation of the competition scratch score that is currently carried out by clubs for all competitions.
What is the Course rating?
The course rating system (used in the USA) is replacing the standard scratch score (SSS) in the new system and represents the score that a scratch golfer is expected to achieve on a course. Clubs will need to update the ratings for their courses.
It is the course rating, or SSS that a handicap is measured against rather than the par for the given course.
What is this slope thing all about?
The Slope Rating represents the relative difficulty of a course from a specific set of tees for a 'bogey golfer' compared to a 'scratch' golfer. A course with many hazards, long carries and thick rough will have a higher slope rating because these features present more of a challenge to bogey golfers. To obtain a golfer's handicap for a specific course you multiply the player's Handicap Index by the ratio of the course Slope Rating divided by the 'neutral' slope, which is defined as 113.
So that begs the question what is a ‘bogey’ golfer?
Apparently, a male ‘bogey golfer’ is a typical 20 handicapper who hits the ball about 200 yards with a driver and 170 yards with a fairway wood. The female equivalent of a ‘bogey golfer’ is a typical 24 handicapper.
So, there you have it. Confused? You should be but don't worry one of those computer thingies will sort it out. Oh and the Brigadier is not happy that he falls in the category of a 'bogey golfer'!
And another thing....
Patrick Reed shame on you!
TAGS: World Handicap System, USGA, R&A, Golf news
PUMA grabs a slice of Beef
LPGA players pledge aid to Australia
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2516
|
__label__cc
| 0.689075
| 0.310925
|
PHA urges people using drugs and alcohol to be vigilant over the festival season
Now that the summer festival season is in full swing, and people from across Northern Ireland are heading out to enjoy themselves, the Public Health Agency (PHA) is reminding revellers that taking drugs is always a risk.
The PHA is also specifically warning about of the risk of taking Para –Methyl-4-Methylaminorex (4,4’-DMAR), which has been linked to a number of recent deaths in Northern Ireland.
Victoria Creasy, Senior Health and Wellbeing Improvement Officer with the PHA, said: “We believe that 4,4’-DMAR may still be available here, and know that it has been linked to fatalities, so it is essential that people are aware of the risk it poses. We are also urging people generally to be vigilant if they take any drug, as there is a good chance the contents won’t be what you believe. For example, pills sold as ecstasy are frequently found to contain other drugs with less predictable and more dangerous effects.”
The PHA stresses that the only way to avoid all risks is to not take any substances which are not prescribed for you.
Whilst the majority of people do not take drugs, the PHA acknowledges that a minority of people will take substances. The following guidance is given for this group of people which can help reduce the risk to health and life. The advice doesn’t guarantee your safety, but it will help reduce risks.
Tips include:
• Start low and go slow – take a small amount at first and do not re-dose until you are sure the drug has reached its peak
• Don’t mix drugs with alcohol or other drugs; the majority of people who die after taking drugs have taken two or more substances (including alcohol)
• Don’t continue taking drugs over extended periods of time – continuing to do so for 24 hours or longer puts you at higher risk of illness or death
• When coming down, plan a safe place to go with people who can support you, and avoid taking other drugs or alcohol as this can increase the risk of overdose
Victoria added: “If you are prone to feeling low, or have any mental health conditions, coming down from drugs can make you feel worse, so the best advice is to avoid taking anything not prescribed for you.
“We want people to enjoy themselves over the summer, but to do so safely. Festivals are great fun, but things can quickly turn bad if drugs become involved.”
If you have concerns that you are becoming dependent on a substance, your GP can refer you confidentially to help and support.
Public Health Agency
Linenhall Street Unit
12-22 Linenhall Street
BT2 8BS
MORE FROM Public Health and Safety
01/14/2020 Public Health and Safety
New sepsis screening would “miss” large proportion of cases if used in the UK, new study finds
Taming chronic inflammation may reduce illness, save lives
Uncontrolled online marketing of e-cigarettes putting youth at risk, study finds
American Heart Association Responds to Latest News from CDC on E-cigarette Related Lung Injury
E-liquids often contain alcohol as an unlisted ingredient. What are the health and safety implications?
Healthcare in the United States: A Practical Look at the Problems, Conflicts, and Remedies
Medicare Fraud and Abuse Linked to Patient Deaths and Hospitalizations
Caution needed over commercially available genetic testing, says RCGP
US Nurses Increasingly Unhappy with Working Conditions
Hygiene products associated with presence of chemicals in women’s blood
10 million new cases of vitamin D deficiency will be prevented by adding vitamin D to wheat flour
Medicaid enrollment reduces disease related deaths
Around one in 20 patients are affected by preventable harm
Low THC levels not linked to increased risk of car crashes
Food as medicine? Scientists are getting closer through nutrigenomics
Chronic diseases monitored in primary care could lead to unnecessary testing
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2529
|
__label__cc
| 0.721284
| 0.278716
|
Healthwise Health Tips
CareOregon Videos
CareLink Newsletter
Click to begin search.
Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Radiation therapy uses high doses of radiation, such as X-rays, to destroy cancer cells. The radiation damages the genetic material of the cells so that they can't grow. Although radiation damages normal cells as well as cancer cells, the normal cells can repair themselves and function, while the cancer cells cannot.
Radiation therapy may be used alone or combined with hormonal treatment to treat prostate cancer. It is most effective in treating cancers that have not spread outside the prostate. But it also may be used if the cancer has spread to nearby tissue. Radiation is sometimes used after surgery to destroy any remaining cancer cells and to relieve pain from metastatic cancer.
Radiation is delivered in one of two ways.
External-beam radiation therapy uses a large machine to aim a beam of radiation at your tumour. After the area of cancer is identified, an ink tattoo no bigger than a pencil tip is placed on your skin so that the radiation beam can be aimed at the same spot for each treatment. This helps focus the beam on your cancer to protect nearby healthy tissue from the radiation. External radiation treatments usually are done 5 days a week for 4 to 9 weeks. But sometimes higher doses of radiation can be given over several weeks (hypofractionated radiation therapy). If cancer has spread to your bones, shorter periods of treatment may be given to specific areas to relieve pain.
Conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) uses a three-dimensional planning system to target a strong dose of radiation to the prostate cancer. This helps to protect healthy tissue from radiation.
Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) uses a carefully adjusted amount of radiation. This protects healthy tissues more than conformal radiotherapy does.
Proton beam therapy uses a different type of energy (protons) rather than X-rays. This allows a higher amount of specifically-directed radiation, which protects nearby healthy tissues (especially the rectum). Sometimes proton therapy is combined with X-ray therapy. It is available only at big medical centres.
Brachytherapy, or internal radiation therapy, uses dozens of tiny seeds that contain radioactive material. It may be used to treat early-stage prostate cancer. Needles are used to insert the seeds through your skin into your prostate. The surgeon uses ultrasound to locate your prostate and guide the needles.
High-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy uses radioactive material placed into the prostate for a very brief period of time (seconds to minutes) before being removed. The radiation is delivered this way several times.
Low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy uses a lower dose of radioactive material that is left in place permanently.
Sometimes treatment combines brachytherapy with low-dose external radiation. In other cases, treatment combines surgery with external radiation or hormone therapy may be used along with brachytherapy.
Before radiation therapy is scheduled, your doctor probably will order a bone scan and CT scan to find out whether the cancer has spread to other parts of your body. If it has, your doctor may offer you the option of a clinical trial for treatment.
Radiation treatments to the prostate can injure the rectum, which is behind the prostate. One way to shield the rectum from much of the radiation to the prostate is with a hydrogel spacer. This is a water-based gel that is injected into the space between the prostate and the rectum before you have radiation treatments. The gel quickly becomes solid, and it stays solid for about 3 months. After that, it dissolves. This product may not be available in all areas.
Side effects may last only as long as the treatment, or they may continue and become chronic. Some side effects occur after treatment, such as erection problems. For some men, this problem gets gradually worse over the course of several years after treatment.
When radiation therapy is given as the primary treatment for men who have prostate cancer that has not grown outside the prostate (localized prostate cancer), side effects may include:
Skin changes from external beam radiation therapy. This includes the skin looking like it is sunburned where the radiation was targeted.
Feeling very tired (fatigue) or not having much of an appetite.
Urinary problems, such as having a burning feeling when you urinate, needing to urinate often or urgently, or passing blood in your urine.
Bowel problems, such as rectal pain, diarrhea, blood in your stool, and rectal leakage.
Erection problems that develop over time, often several years after radiation.
The side effects may be different for radiation used after surgery for prostate cancer or for cancer that has spread to other parts of the body (metastatic prostate cancer).
Talk with someone on your treatment team if you want a complete list of side effects. And when you notice any side effects, be sure to report them to your treatment team. They may have ideas that will help you feel better.
Radiation therapy is used for:
Cancer that has not spread in men over 70.
Cancer that has spread to the bones, is not getting better with hormonal treatment, and is causing pain.
Cancer that has come back in the prostate after surgery.
Cancer cells that may remain after surgery, especially if all the cancer cannot be removed.
How Well It Works
For men with localized prostate cancer, radiation works about as well as surgery (radical prostatectomy). With either treatment, the chance of the cancer spreading is low. One study looked at men with localized prostate cancer and found that the risk of dying was very low, and about the same no matter what option men chose.footnote 1
For treating advanced prostate cancer that has grown beyond the prostate but not into lymph nodes or bones, external-beam radiation combined with hormone therapy can work better than surgery. This treatment often results in controlling cancer growth and in many years of disease-free survival.footnote 2
Radiation therapy also works well to treat pain when prostate cancer has spread to the bone.footnote 3
Radiation treatment for prostate cancer may increase a man's risk for having another cancer later in life, such as bladder or rectal cancer.
For men with higher-risk prostate cancer, radiation treatment is given along with hormone therapy. Hormone therapy has side effects, such as the loss of bone density and muscle mass. It can also increase the risk for bone fractures, diabetes, and heart disease.
The goal of radiation therapy is to deliver the highest dose possible to the prostate while protecting the rest of the nearby organs (such as the bladder and rectum) from unnecessary radiation. Newer ways of giving radiation, such as 3D-CRT, and IMRT, are more accurate. This has helped to reduce problems caused by radiation.
Hamdy FC, et al. (2016). 10-year outcomes after monitoring, surgery, or radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer. New England Journal of Medicine , 375(15): 1415–1424. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1606220. Accessed November 3, 2016.
National Cancer Institute (2012). Prostate Cancer Treatment (PDQ)—Health Professional Version. Available online: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/prostate/HealthProfessional.
D'Amico AV, et al. (2012). Radiation therapy for prostate cancer. In AJ Wein et al., eds., Campbell-Walsh Urology, 10th ed., vol. 3, pp. 2850–2872. Philadelphia: Saunders.
Brian D. O'Brien MD - Internal Medicine
Christopher G. Wood MD, FACS - Urology, Oncology
Richard M. Hoffman MD, MPH - Internal Medicine
Author: Healthwise Staff You are leaving this website for information purposes only
Medical Review: You are leaving this website for information purposes onlyE. Gregory Thompson MD - Internal Medicine & Brian D. O'Brien MD - Internal Medicine & Adam Husney MD - Family Medicine & Kathleen Romito MD - Family Medicine & Christopher G. Wood MD, FACS - Urology, Oncology & Richard M. Hoffman MD, MPH - Internal Medicine
Hamdy FC, et al. (2016). 10-year outcomes after monitoring, surgery, or radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer. New England Journal of Medicine , 375(15): 1415-1424. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1606220. Accessed November 3, 2016.
National Cancer Institute (2012). Prostate Cancer Treatment (PDQ)-Health Professional Version. Available online: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/prostate/HealthProfessional.
D'Amico AV, et al. (2012). Radiation therapy for prostate cancer. In AJ Wein et al., eds., Campbell-Walsh Urology, 10th ed., vol. 3, pp. 2850-2872. Philadelphia: Saunders.
Advanced Printing Options
Share on Facebookpost a link to Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer information on FacebookTweetpost a link to Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer information on TwitterEmailsend a link to Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer information by emailText Messageshare a link to Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer information by textPrint this pagePrint this page
Lymph Nodes in the Male Retroperitoneum and Pelvis
Cancer: Help for Fatigue
Cancer Treatment: Help for When You Feel Sick or Lose Your Appetite
This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use You are leaving this website for information purposes only and Privacy Policy You are leaving this website for information purposes only. Learn how we develop our content You are leaving this website for information purposes only.
To learn more about Healthwise, visit Healthwise.org You are leaving this website for information purposes only.
You are leaving this website for information purposes only
Terms of Use/Privacy | Contact Us | Sign In
Help us improve this site: Share your feedback.
© Saskatchewan Health Authority 2019
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2531
|
__label__wiki
| 0.604898
| 0.604898
|
H&H Training special
UK’s chief veterinary officer confirms notifiable equine disease outbreak
Eleanor Jones 8 April, 2019 15:09
Credit: Lucy Merrell/Mark Butler Dressage
Equine viral arteritis
Two cases of equine viral arteritis (EVA) have been confirmed in stallions in Dorset.
Defra has announced that restrictions on breeding have been put in place on the two non-thoroughbreds, who are on the same yard, to limit the risk of the disease spreading. Further investigations are ongoing.
Chief veterinary officer Christine Middlemiss said: “We have taken swift action to limit the risk of the disease spreading by placing breeding restrictions on the animals and their semen.
“A full investigation is under way to determine the source and possible spread of the infection. Owners of mares and stallions are urged to have their animals tested before they are used for breeding.”
EVA is a notifiable viral disease in stallions, and in mares who have mated or been inseminated in the past 14 days. It can cause flu-like symptoms, including fever, swelling (especially of the limbs) and inflammation around the eyes. It also causes weakness in foals or abortion, especially in the second half of pregnancy.
It is usually spread by stallions with infected semen, or in the air via respiratory secretions of infected horses.
Continues below…
Understanding equine viral arteritis
All you need to know about EVA, a highly contagious venereal disease that causes abortion and severe respiratory disease
What is ‘breath energy’ and could it help your riding?
In her book 'Breathe Life Into Your Riding', an extract from which can be found below, Jenny Rolfe explains her
*January sale* Enjoy 6 issues of Horse & Hound for just £6
Take advantage of our sale on Horse & Hound magazine subscriptions today
“These findings remind us that we must all be vigilant for signs of disease and follow strict biosecurity measures,” Ms Middlemiss said.
“Owners are urged to help prevent the disease spreading, by vaccinating stallions against it and practicing good biosecurity. Owners of mares and stallions are advised to have them tested before they are used for breeding.”
Anyone who suspects the disease is present must report it immediately by calling Defra on 03000 200 301. In Wales, call 0300 303 8268, and in Scotland, contact the local field services office. Failure to do so is an offence.
For all the latest news analysis, competition reports, interviews, features and much more, don’t miss Horse & Hound magazine, on sale every Thursday.
When should you clip your horse for the final time to ensure a gleaming summer coat? H&H investigates…
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2535
|
__label__wiki
| 0.832405
| 0.832405
|
Achord History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
The name Achord originated with the Anglo-Saxon tribes that once ruled Britain. It is derived from the Old French personal names Achart and Aquart.
Early Origins of the Achord family
The surname Achord was first found in Lincolnshire, where they held a family seat from very early times.
Important Dates for the Achord family
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Achord research. Another 99 words (7 lines of text) covering the years 1150, 1154, 1189, 1273, 1379, 1787, 1636, 1697, 1679 and 1695 are included under the topic Early Achord History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Achord Spelling Variations
One relatively recent invention that did much to standardize English spelling was the printing press. However, before its invention even the most literate people recorded their names according to sound rather than spelling. The spelling variations under which the name Achord has appeared include Hatchard, Hachard, Atchard, Achard and others.
Early Notables of the Achord family (pre 1700)
Another 34 words (2 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Achord Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Migration of the Achord family
At this time, the shores of the New World beckoned many English families that felt that the social climate in England was oppressive and lacked opportunity for change. Thousands left England at great expense in ships that were overcrowded and full of disease. A great portion of these settlers never survived the journey and even a greater number arrived sick, starving, and without a penny. The survivors, however, were often greeted with greater opportunity than they could have experienced back home. These English settlers made significant contributions to those colonies that would eventually become the United States and Canada. An examination of early immigration records and passenger ship lists revealed that people bearing the name Achord arrived in North America very early: P. Achard, who sailed to Louisiana in 1719; Michael and Joseph Achard, who came to Philadelphia, Pa. in 1796; and A. Achard, who arrived in San Francisco, Cal. in 1850..
Achord (English)
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2537
|
__label__wiki
| 0.823914
| 0.823914
|
Gainfithy History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms
Gainfithy is a name whose history is connected to the ancient Anglo-Saxon tribes of Britain. The name is derived from when the Gainfithy family once lived in the region of Gaye which was located in France. The surname Gainfithy was also a nickname which described someone with a happy or light spirited character.
Early Origins of the Gainfithy family
The surname Gainfithy was first found in Durham at Gainford, a parish, in the unions of Teesdale, Darlington, and Auckland. "This place was anciently a seigniory detached from the palatinate jurisdiction of the county, and invested with several valuable privileges and immunities. It appears to have been indebted for its origin to Egfrid, Bishop of Lindisfarne, who founded a church, which in 830 he gave to the see, together with the lands annexed to it, and which continued to form part of the episcopal possessions till the commencement of the 11th century." [1]
Important Dates for the Gainfithy family
This web page shows only a small excerpt of our Gainfithy research. Another 115 words (8 lines of text) are included under the topic Early Gainfithy History in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Gainfithy Spelling Variations
Sound was what guided spelling in the essentially pre-literate Middle Ages, so one person's name was often recorded under several variations during a single lifetime. Also, before the advent of the printing press and the first dictionaries, the English language was not standardized. Therefore, spelling variations were common, even among the names of the most literate people. Known variations of the Gainfithy family name include Gainsford, Gaynesford, Gainford, Gaynsford, Ganesford and many more.
Early Notables of the Gainfithy family (pre 1700)
More information is included under the topic Early Gainfithy Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.
Migration of the Gainfithy family
For political, religious, and economic reasons, thousands of English families boarded ships for Ireland, Canada, the America colonies, and many of smaller tropical colonies in the hope of finding better lives abroad. Although the passage on the cramped, dank ships caused many to arrive in the New World diseased and starving, those families that survived the trip often went on to make valuable contributions to those new societies to which they arrived. Early immigrants bearing the Gainfithy surname or a spelling variation of the name include: Mathias Gainsford who settled in Maryland in 1774 and Arthur Gainsford, who settled in Pennsylvania in 1876.
Gainfithy (English)
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2538
|
__label__cc
| 0.625772
| 0.374228
|
editorial.huffingtonpost.com
Astronomers and UFOs: A Response to the Lord Martin Rees
09/26/2012 06:25 pm ET Updated Dec 06, 2017
Lord Martin Rees recently offered The Huffington Post his opinion about UFOs:
"No serious astronomer gives any credence to any of these stories ... I think most astronomers would dismiss these. I dismiss them because if aliens had made the great effort to traverse interstellar distances to come here, they wouldn't just meet a few well-known cranks, make a few circles in corn fields and go away again."
Such sweeping statements from well regarded scientists are endlessly frustrating to the UFO researcher. Particularly given that interest in UFOs actually drives some people to study astronomy! Unfortunately the idea that only kooks see UFOs is prevalent.
But because Lord Rees is a scientist, the correct answer is to provide him with scientific data that is directly relevant to his claim. I am aware of only three attempts to scientifically gauge what percentage of astronomers see UFOs. Two show that not only do astronomers see UFOs in America, but many are afraid to report their sightings because they fear professional and public ridicule. The final source indicates that astronomers see UFOs at a dramatically greater rate than the general population.
On August 6, 1952, Astronomer J. Allen Hynek offered the USAF's Project Blue Book a "Special Report on Conferences with Astronomers on Unidentified Aerial Objects."
Hynek interviewed some 45 astronomers on their experiences and opinions about UFOs during and following the meeting of the American Astronomical Society that June. Hynek provides some notes on each individual astronomer and their opinions. Here's what some astronomers thought in 1952:
Astronomer Y (no sightings) said, "If I saw one, I wouldn't say anything about it."
Astronomer II (two sightings) "is willing to cooperate but does not wish to have notoriety," Hynek reports.
Astronomer OO: (one sighting) was a new observer at the Harvard Meteor Station in New Mexico. He saw two lights moving in parallel that were too fast for a plane and too slow for a meteor. He had not reported his observation.
Hynek concluded: "Over 40 astronomers were interviewed of which five had made sightings of one sort or another. This is a higher percentage than among the populace at large. Perhaps this is to be expected, since astronomers do, after all, watch the skies."
The next data point comes from 1977. Dr. Peter Sturrock made a questionnaire about UFO attitudes and experiences. Again the target was the members of the American Astronomical Society. The paper was eventually printed in 1994 in the Journal of Scientific Exploration, a peer-reviewed but decidedly non-mainstream publication.
Sturrock received 1,356 responses from 2,611 questionnaires. Sixty-two astronomers responded that they had observed something they could not explain which could be relevant to the UFO phenomenon. Eighteen of those witnesses said they had previously reported their sightings, and Sturrock notes that a 30% reporting rate is greater than what is assumed for the average population. Section 3.2 of the paper titled "Comparison of Witnesses and Non-Witnesses" contains a table showing that UFO witnessees were actually more likely to be night sky observers (professional or amateur) while non-witnesses are more likely to not even be observing the skies at all!
Sturrock also includes commentary from the astronomers, and again a sample is illuminating:
C1. "I object to being quizzed about this obvious nonsense. Unidentified = unobserved or factually unrecorded: modern mythology. Too much respectability given to it."
C1O. "l find it tough to make a living as an astronomer these days. It would be professionally suicidal to devote significant time to UFOs. However, I am quite interested in your survey."
C16. "Menzel and Condon have made further investigation unnecessary unless some really new phenomena are reported ... There is no pattern to UFO reports except that they predominantly come from unreliable observers."
At the 1969 AAAS UFO debate organized by Carl Sagan, Dr. Franklin Roach delivered a paper on "Astronomers' Views on UFOs." He focuses on the lack of publicized UFO reports from major astronomical research programs that constantly monitor vast swaths of the sky. He offered a quote from the famous astronomer Gerard Kuiper:
"I should correct a statement that has been made that scientists have shied away from UFO reports for fear of ridicule ... A scientist chooses his field of inquiry because he believes it holds real promise. If later his choice proves wrong, he will feel very badly and try to sharpen his criteria before he sets out again. Thus, if society finds that most scientists have not been attracted to the UFO problem, the explanation must be that they have not been impressed with the UFO reports."
As the comments from the above surveys show, Kuiper was idealizing the behavior of younger scientists. Lacking his prestige and tenure, they were less willing to suffer mockery from their peers.
The final data point comes from the Soviet Union. "Observations of Anomalous Atmospheric Phenomena in the USSR: Statistical Analysis" is a report by L.M. Gindilis, D.A. Men'Kov, and I.G. Petrovkaya. It was published by the Soviet Academy of Sciences in 1979 and translated into English by NASA as Technical Memorandum no. 75665 in 1980 and later distributed by CUFOS. It is a statistical analysis of over 200 raw UFO reports in the Soviet Union. Three quarters of the reports come from their massive wave of UFO reports in 1967.
Section 3, "Observers and Witnesses of Observations," contains some very interesting data. They note that "contrary to the widespread fallacy, there is a highly significant percentage of astronomers among the observers." By comparing the number of UFO observers from a given occupation with census data, the authors arrive at a "Activity Coefficient." A higher coefficient indicates a group is reporting more UFOs than expected by population.
At the time, approximately .002% of Soviets over the age of nine were astronomers. Yet they accounted for 10 reports in the Soviet dataset. This yields an activity coefficient of 7500 [Note: NASA's translation reads 7000]. Undergraduates had a coefficient of 3, maintenance workers .9 and Students .02. The Soviet numbers are clear: astronomers report UFOs at astronomical rates.
Astronomers see UFOs. Unless we think they are kooks simply because they saw a UFO, the data shows that Lord Rees is incorrect. In the United States, astronomers who observe UFOs on their instruments fear ridicule from other scientists and the press. Despite the aura of illegitimacy around UFOs, the data indicates that astronomers even report UFOs at noticeably greater rates than laypeople.
Better and more recently survey data is clearly desirable. Hynek's survey was informal, Sturrock's is 35 years old, and the Soviet analysis is done on unvetted reports. Only Sturrock's paper was subject to peer-review. But as we have seen, it takes considerable courage for a scientist to brave "career suicide" and study UFOs despite proclamations that the subject is off-limits.
There is a lot of hard work that needs to be done if science hopes to understand the UFO phenomenon. It would be particularly useful to adopt the Soviet activity coefficient and apply it to other databases. Hopefully Lord Rees hasn't scared too many people away from applying the scientific method to UFO reports.
Read more on editorial.huffingtonpost.com
UFOs Astronomy Weird Flying Saucers Unidentified Flying Objects
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2542
|
__label__wiki
| 0.66022
| 0.66022
|
Rimouski in Rimouski-Neigette MRC, Quebec — French Canadian Region
By William Fischer, Jr., August 16, 2018
1. Innovation Marker
This remarkable octagonal tower was part of a series of reinforced concrete lighthouses constructed between 1906 and 1914. These newcomers were varied in shape: some were round and square; others, which were hexagonal or octagonal, were buttressed, some with flying buttresses.
At the time, reinforced or "ferro-concrete" had just come onto the structural engineering radar. There were very few examples of it in Canada. But that didn't keep the ministry's intrepid engineers from specifying it for new lighthouse construction. The Pointe-au-Père structure is one of six flying buttress lighthouses still standing at attention across the Canadian landscape.
The ultimate tower
In 1975, the elegant white tower and its light were replaced by a fourth lighthouse, this time a galvanized steel tower. Automation had arrived, and the Department of Transport embraced it at the start of the 1960s. This last lighthouse went dark in 1997, and with it Pointe-au-Père's role as a provider of navigational aid.
[Illustrations, clockwise from top left, read] . . The 33.5m. tall skeleton tower had an automatic light with a minimum range of 37 km.
. The Estevan Point Lighthouse (B.C.) was built in 1909 using plans from Miffonis. Its architecture is identical to that of Pointe-au-Père.
. The Bagot Bluff Lighthouse at Anticosti, minus its light. This hexagonal tower was built in 1912. . This historical marker was erected by Parks/Parcs Canada. It is in Rimouski in Rimouski-Neigette MRC Quebec
Armé pour durer
Cette remarquable tour octogonale fait partie d'une série de phares et béton armé construits entre 1906 et 1914. Ces derniers arborent diverses formes : tours rondes et carrées, tours hexagonales et octogonales soutenues par des contreforts, avec ou sans arcs-boutants.
À cette époque, le béton armé fait tout juste son entrée dans les ouvrages de génie. Au Canada, on en dénombre seulement quelques échantillons. Cela n'empêche pas les audacieux ingénieurs du Ministère d'adopter ce matériau pour construire les nouveaux phares. Celui de Pointe-au-Père compte parmi les six tours munies de contreforts à arcs-boutants tourjours au garde-à-vous dans le paysage canadien.
L'ultime tour du progrés
En 1975, un quatrième phare, installé au sommet d'une tour métallique à claire-voie, se substitue à l'élégante tour blanche et à sa lumière. C'est l'ère de l'automatisation, amorcée par le ministère des Transports au début des années 1960. Puis, en 1997, cet ultime phare s'éteint à son tour, mettant un terme au rôle actif de Pointe-au-Père comme aide à la navigation.
[Illustrations, en haut à gauche,
Marker at right, with third lighthouse in background
dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre, lisez]
• La tour à claire-voie de 33,5 mètres de hauteur supportait un phare automatique, dont la portée minimale atteignait 37 kilomètres.
• Le phare d'Estevan Point (C.-B.) a été construit en 1909, suivant les plans de Miffonis. Il a la même architecture que celui de Pointe-au-Père.
• Phare d'Escarpement Bagot, à Anticosti, sans sa lanterne. Cette tour hexagonale a été construite en 1912.
In 1975, the elegant white tower and its light were replaced by a fourth lighthouse,
By William Fischer, Jr.
3. 1975 to 1997 Automated Beacon Tower
Tauney Stone Chance fog horn (on left)
this time a galvanized steel tower. Automation had arrived, and the Department of Transport embraced it at the start of the 1960s. This last lighthouse went dark in 1997, and with it Pointe-au-Père's role as a provider of navigational aid.
[Illustrations, clockwise from top left, read]
• The 33.5m. tall skeleton tower had an automatic light with a minimum range of 37 km.
• The Estevan Point Lighthouse (B.C.) was built in 1909 using plans from Miffonis. Its architecture is identical to that of Pointe-au-Père.
• The Bagot Bluff Lighthouse at Anticosti, minus its light. This hexagonal tower was built in 1912.
Erected by Parks/Parcs Canada.
Location. 48° 31.065′ N, 68° 28.117′ W. Marker is in Rimouski, Quebec, in Rimouski-Neigette MRC. Marker is on rue du Phare, on the left when traveling east. Marker is on the Pointe-au-Père Lighthouse station grounds. Touch for map. Marker is at or near this postal address: 1000 rue du Phare, Rimouski, Quebec G5M 1L8, Canada. Touch for directions.
Other nearby markers. At least 8 other markers are within walking distance of this marker. Modernisation / Modernizing (here, next to this marker); L'épave du/The Wreck of RMS Empress of Ireland (here, next to this marker); Les premiers phares / The first lighthouses (here, next to this marker); Vivre à / Daily Life at Pointe-au-Père
4. Le phare de Pointe-au-Père / Point-au-Père Lighthouse
(a few steps from this marker); Les premices / In the beginning (within shouting distance of this marker); Les signaux sonores / The sound signals (within shouting distance of this marker); Bienvenue / Welcome (within shouting distance of this marker); Le phare de Pointe-au-Père / Point-au-Père Lighthouse (within shouting distance of this marker). Touch for a list and map of all markers in Rimouski.
Also see . . .
1. Lieu historique national du Canada du Phare-de-Pointe-au-Père. (Submitted on January 9, 2019, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.)
2. Pointe-au-Père Lighthouse National Historic Site. (Submitted on January 9, 2019, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.)
3. Pointe-au-Père Lighthouse National Historic Site of Canada Management Plan (2007). (Submitted on January 9, 2019, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.)
Categories. • Architecture • Communications • Man-Made Features • Waterways & Vessels •
More. Search the internet for Innovation.
Credits. This page was last revised on January 9, 2019. This page originally submitted on January 9, 2019, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania. This page has been viewed 34 times since then and 2 times this year. Photos: 1, 2. submitted on January 9, 2019, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania. 3. submitted on December 26, 2018, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania. 4. submitted on November 27, 2018, by William Fischer, Jr. of Scranton, Pennsylvania.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2548
|
__label__wiki
| 0.954118
| 0.954118
|
Laker Headrick says no to Otters’ offer
Written by Randy Russon.
As the Erie Otters added world-class forward Anthony Cirelli in an Ontario Hockey League trade with the Oshawa Generals earlier this month, they once again tried to talk 1997 birth-year defenseman Owen Headrick into leaving the Lake Superior State Lakers of the Western Collegiate Hockey Association.
Headrick, though, turned down the Otters’ latest overture to leave Lake State for Erie, which for the third year in a row is chasing what has been an elusive OHL championship.
Erie has maintained the OHL rights to Headrick after selecting the Garden River First Nation product in the 14th round of the 2013 OHL draft.
But after starring with the Soo Thunderbirds of the Northern Ontario Junior Hockey League for two seasons, Headrick opted to accept a scholarship offer from the Lakers as a freshman for the 2015-2016 campaign — and as the youngest player in the WCHA.
Knight shift
OK, so maybe the London Knights do have a cash war chest that exceeds what most Ontario Hockey League teams have. But it’s also the ability of the Knights to scout and sign free agents and later trade them for value that sets the perennial OHL contenders and defending Memorial Cup champions apart from the rest.
Emptying a full cupboard stocked from previous deals, the Knights gave up a whopping 13 draft picks at the trade deadline to bring three star players to London — forwards Dante Salituro (Ottawa 67’s) and Mitchell Stephens (Saginaw Spirit) and defenseman Mitch Vande Sompel (Oshawa Generals.)
It’s how the Knights have been able to acquire excess draft picks and later parlay them for star players is what is impressive about how London hockey boss Dale Hunter and his staff do business.
Consider five players who the Knights have dealt away for high draft picks within the last calendar year and how London was able to get those skaters in the first place.
In five separate transactions, original free-agent forwards Ryan Valentini, Kole Sherwood and C.J. Yakimowicz, free-agent defenseman Chris Martenet and former 10th-round pick defender Aiden Jamieson yielded the Knights a total return that included four second-round picks, two third-round picks, a sixth-round pick and the aforementioned Salituro, who netted 82 goals for Ottawa over the past two seasons, playoffs included.
Now that is what can be called effective scouting, making use of assets and advanced planning.
And the above examples of being able to get major returns on players who were either free agents or a late-round draft pick — and later selling them off — are just some of what makes London the long-time OHL powerhouse that it continues to be.
Not that the Knights trade off all of the free-agent finds that they manage to sign and bring to London.
One free agent standout who remains in London is goalie Tyler Parsons, the un-drafted OHL phenom and second-round National Hockey League draft pick of the Calgary Flames who, after leading the Knights to the 2016 Memorial Cup title, merely back-stopped Team U.S.A. to a gold-medal triumph over Team Canada at the recent World Junior Hockey Championships.
In like Flint
Dealing from depth via excess draft picks from earlier trades, the Flint Firebirds have given up previously acquired, second-and-third-round selections for the 2018 Ontario Hockey League draft to obtain highly touted, 1999 birth-year forward C.J. Clarke from the Peterborough Petes.
The 6-foot, 200-pound Clarke was Peterborough’s second-round pick at the 2015 OHL draft. In modest duty with the Eastern Conference-contending Petes thus far this season, Clarke had six goals and five assists for 11 points in 27 games.
Flint general manager George Burnett said Clarke has the potential to be a “key member of our group moving forward."
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2551
|
__label__wiki
| 0.781344
| 0.781344
|
Home Art + Entertainment Hollywood Historical Society Pop-Up Museum Installation Set for Jan. 19
Hollywood Historical Society Pop-Up Museum Installation Set for Jan. 19
Robin Kerr Drulard
Hollywood Beach Country Club, Polk St and 17th Ave. 1920s
“I don’t think any other South Florida city has as much old advertising material as Hollywood,” said Clive Taylor, self-styled Hollywood historian, collector of Hollywood memorabilia and frequent contributor to the Hollywood Gazette’s Hollywood History feature.
“Joseph Young was a big believer in advertising, and he did a lot to promote the city in such high-end publications as the Literary Digest, the Wall Street Journal and the Saturday Evening Post.”
Some of these ads will be displayed at the first-ever Hollywood Historical Society (HHS) Pop-Up Museum installation, Hollywood Then and Now, Shown In Ads and Postcards, set to debut at the ArtsPark on January 19, as part of the January Art Walk.
Also included in the first exhibition will be ads from Young’s local magazine, the Hollywood Reporter, later-era ads from the now-defunct Sun-Tattler, and a series of postcards and photos showing various Hollywood locations “then and now.” Most of the featured items come from Taylor’s personal collection and from the archives of the Historical Society.
The team putting together the exhibition, spearheaded by Taylor and HHS president Karen Albertson, includes several members of the HHS and local artist/curator Alissa Alfonso, an expert in pop-ups, who will design the space.
Children are encouraged to visit and learn more about the history of their city. Kids will also have the opportunity to create and mail their own Hollywood postcards!
The exhibit will be set up in the center of the ArtsPark building lobby on moveable boards and will include a sitting/viewing area. It will be featured on the electronic marquee in Young Circle and on the city website and will run for approximately two months. After that time, it may be moved to another location or may be changed to another theme, depending on the public’s response.
“Young was a big salesman,” noted Taylor. “He was really trying to develop the idea of Hollywood as a dream city, and he did a lot of advertising in only a short window of time.”
For more information on the exhibit or the Hollywood Historical Society, contact http://www.hollywoodhistoricalsociety.org, 954 923 5590, [email protected]
Vintage Hollywood Motel Postcard
Previous articleCamelot Days Offer Medieval Fun at TY Park
Next articleBroward Fierce Fighters: Bitten By The Dragon and Thriving!
Robin is a freelance writer, editor, sales and marketing genius and all around great gal! Seriously, her publishing (autocorrected to punishing !) background spans 40 years (!) working with Fairchild Publications, Advanstar Communications and Universal Press in New York, multiple local national and international industry publications and expositions, and the Miami Herald and New You Magazines in Florida. Commercial realtor, artist, coach, volunteer, teacher, learner and traveler.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2553
|
__label__wiki
| 0.794636
| 0.794636
|
Home Longreads Analysis: Why Huntsworth Called On Paul Taaffe To Revive Growth
Arun Sudhaman
CEO/Editor-in-Chief
Analysis: Why Huntsworth Called On Paul Taaffe To Revive Growth
Lord Chadlington's vision and energy have defined Huntsworth for 15 years. His successor has his work cut out for him.
Arun Sudhaman 18 Feb 2015 // 4:07PM GMT
Huntsworth’s search for its new CEO was nothing if not exhaustive. The UK-based holding group trawled the PR world for several months, in search of someone who could handle a fairly challenging assignment: Reignite growth at Huntsworth and succeed Lord Chadlington, the man whose energy and vision had defined the group since he founded it 15 years ago.
Ultimately, Huntsworth landed on Paul Taaffe, the former H+K Strategies global CEO who had been overseeing communications at Groupon for the past four years. The charismatic Australian was not a choice that surprised too many industry observers.
Not only is Taaffe one of a depressingly small group of contenders to have actually run a major global PR network, but the 53-year-old's financial expertise, both from his agency days and at Groupon, is likely to prove critically important when it comes dealing with Huntsworth shareholders.
Indeed, having once been dubbed the ‘boy wonder’ upon taking charge of H+K London before he turned 30, Taaffe has since become an experienced veteran of the agency world. A pretty successful one too, something which should not be obscured by the manner of his exit from H+K four years ago.
For those with short memories, the manner of Taaffe’s departure from H+K ranked as a genuine surprise. Under his stewardship the agency had performed soundly enough in EMEA and Asia-Pacific, even if North America remained a work in progress. The merger with WPP sibling Public Strategies (PSI), however, effectively led to a reverse takeover that installed PSI founder Jack Martin at the helm of H+K.
"If you put your heart and soul into something then it’s always disappointing if it doesn’t work out that way, but the reality was there were other players, other than Paul," recounts one former H+K executive of Taaffe’s exit. "The learning will not be about the last few months at H+K — the reality is there was a long successful career of building stuff."
Taaffe will need to bring all of those skills to bear in his new role, given the dismal nature of Huntsworth’s performance in recent years. The group, whose assets include Grayling, Citigate and Huntsworth Health, has barely grown since the onset of the Global Financial Crisis, suffering from an over-exposure to Europe and an inability to reach critical mass in North America and Asia-Pacific.
Events culminated in a period of relative tumult last year, with Chadlington and chairman Lord Myners announcing their departures within weeks of each other. Speculation has persisted, meanwhile, that Huntsworth shareholder Terry Graunke, who owns private equity firm Lake Capital, might like to merge Huntsworth’s assets with his latest agency acquisition, Engine Group.
Chadlington declines to comment on the speculation but agrees that Myners’ dramatic departure did "put a real burden on the company."
"But we got through it,” he adds. "We’ve got a new independent board, new chairman and a new CEO. It was a tough time but life’s not meant to be organised and easy."
With that in mind, it is easy to see why Chadlington rates Taaffe so highly, even if the Huntsworth founder was not directly involved in the search for his successor. "You’ve got to be tough in this job — you’ve got a lots of competing pressures — and be able to deal with the issues associated with being a public company," he points out. "It’s not just running a division of the firm. After I spent time with Paul I sent a note to my wife, where I said I felt my legacy at Huntsworth was now in safe and good hands."
Sally Costerton, one of Taaffe’s key lieutenants during the H+K’s years, calls Taaffe’s appointment "logical". "You’ve got to really understand the agency business inside out but you’ve also got to understand the plc role," she explains. "That’s going to give you a vanishingly small group of candidates. If anybody can do it, I think he can, but I don’t think it will be easy."
Taaffe himself, understandably, is keen to put a more bullish spin on Huntsworth’s prospects, particularly after the situation he inherited as Groupon’s first communications chief four years ago.
"My mission at Groupon is largely completed; when I first got there they were obviously in a little bit of trouble and now they’re not," notes Taaffe. "I just think Huntsworth is a very interesting company. It has a lot of potential, has some good brands, good people and a lot of promise."
'Tribe Taaffe' "Agencies try to sell stuff that is either annoying to listen to or is plain arrogant" — Paul Taaffe. Taaffe’s leadership skills will undoubtedly be tested at Huntsworth, which recently saw the CEO of its biggest agency Grayling depart after less than two years in the role. Costerton harbours few illusions about the role — "he’s going to need plenty of cash to invest in the business" — but thinks Taaffe’s abilities will stand him in good stead.
"He knows what good looks like and he knows what he’s aiming for," she points out. "That’s a huge advantage, because he has a blueprint in his mind. And he’ll be very credible doing that — he knows it through hard-won experience."
In a business that prizes talent above all else, Taaffe will no doubt be hoping to replicate his ability to attract strong leaders, starting with his search for Pete Pedersen’s successor at Grayling.
"Our business always boils down to having better people than your competition,” says Costerton. "We used to call it ‘Tribe Taaffe’ [at H+K] — he was brilliant at hiring very able consultants who liked each other and had the same values."
Members of this particular tribe are not shy about singing their former boss’ praises. "He understands people very well and is a good leader of them," notes former H+K global CMO Tony Burgess-Webb. "And he combines excellent listening skills with an excellent focus on the essentials, which is really important in agencies where most of the people are bright and have strong opinions and where you can get caught up in the weeds quite easily."
Not everyone is convinced, though. One former senior H+K executive told the Holmes Report that Taaffe’s typical status as the "smartest guy in the room" could sometimes work against his favour.
"He always thought he could improve on an idea that 10 people, but wouldn’t always give it back to them," said the executive. "It wasn’t about being indecisive, it was a different issue."
Taaffe’s experiences at Groupon, meanwhile, where he worked with several agencies from the other side of the fence, are certain to influence his views. He is clear that "agency brands matter, if they are made to mean something", but also thinks that "agencies talk about themselves way more than anyone cares."
"Agencies try to sell stuff that is either annoying to listen to or is plain arrogant, or they are not qualified to provide because they haven’t assessed what the company has in place," he said.
Unsurprisingly, he points to measurement as a particular weakness, adding that agencies suffer from a focus on process rather than products. "If you’re in anything to do with ecommerce, and web traffic, you have to be far more granular about how you measure ROI."
The idea that Huntsworth’s PR firms, or any PR consultancy for that matter, could benefit from a better grasp of analytics is not necessarily the most revolutionary of ideas. But Taaffe’s straightforward nature will be an important asset as he attempts to steer Huntsworth towards a more secure future.
It also ensures a refreshingly unqualified stance on a potentially delicate issue: Chadlington’s continued role at the company he founded in 2000.
"I’m a big fan of Peter and I think it would be phenomenal if he was available," says Taaffe. Chadlington, for his part, says he will do "whatever the board likes me to do."
"Most importantly, from my point of view and the company point of view, there are a lot of very large clients we have where I am intricately involved," adds the 73-year-old. "A number of them might want me to continue in some role or capacity and if that were the case that would weigh heavily on my mind."
Profiles Analysis People Paul Taaffe Longreads Huntsworth H+K Strategies Groupon Grayling Agency
Can Responsible Companies Do Business With China?
// 14 Oct 2019
Analysis: Can America's Top CEOs Save Capitalism?
// 26 Aug 2019
The New Generation Of Employee Activism Hits Ogilvy
// 29 Jul 2019
Cannes: Ranking the 2019 PR Gold Lions Winners
The Week's Winners And Losers: Barilla And Uber
// 15 May 2019
Interview: CEO Paul Taaffe On The Future Of Huntsworth's PR Firms
Diana Marszalek
Innovator 25 — 2018
Profiles: North America, EMEA, Asia-Pacific
Video: 'Your Voice Matters' Say March For Our Lives' Leaders
Holmes Report 28 Oct 2019
Video: PRovoke19 Highlights Reel
Video: Douglas Rushkoff Calls On PR Industry To Focus On Humanity Over Products
Video: Dr Michael Lomax On Bias In Storytelling
IBM Names Jonathan Adashek As Chief Communications Officer
Personal Capital Shifts Its PR Business To Praytell
Ray Day Exits IBM After Two Years
Caulipower Founder/CEO Gail Becker to Headline PRovoke North America
US PR Firm Sought To 'Inspire Confidence' In Hong Kong's Future
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2554
|
__label__wiki
| 0.719398
| 0.719398
|
Amazon Has Mastered Hiring Veterans. Here's How You Can Too
Many veterans feel their service and skills aren't valued by employers. But when a company does appreciate them, it pays off.
By Heather R. HuhmanPresident, Come Recommended@heatherhuhman
As a country, we come together on Friday to thank those who have selflessly served to protect us and our freedoms. But this day should also be a reminder that as employers, we have a duty to provide veterans with jobs and help them transition into civilian life.
Yet, it seems we're failing on that front. An August 2016 report from iCIMS found that 74 percent of post-9/11 veterans feel it is harder for them to find a job than a civilian who's equally qualified. Forty-four percent believed their military service would keep a company from hiring them.
This is a shame, considering veterans have skills and experiences that are invaluable to any workplace. Thankfully, some employers are beginning to catch on. A November survey by CareerBuilder found two in five employers (40 percent) plan to actively recruit veterans over the next 12 months, up from 37 percent last year.
To successfully tap into this talent, take a page from the playbooks of companies that have set the standard for veteran recruitment strategies. Here's what they suggest to attract those who've served:
1. Give recruiters the 411.
Recruiters and hiring managers need to understand all niche talent groups' unique needs. Veterans are no exception. Offering them the same old benefits and work environments won't cut it.
When Oldcastle, a building materials manufacturer, rolled out its new veterans hiring initiative in 2016, they knew education would be a big part. Leadership started by explaining the importance of veterans in the workforce. This was no easy task, considering the company has over 2,000 locations.
"We overcame the challenge by getting buy-in on the program from management and then publicized it to HR folks across the country," Cindy Reeves, director of human resources, said. "We built a comprehensive 'Veterans 101 Guide' with best practices for recruiting military personnel."
This guide lists on which military-based job search websites to advertise openings. It also has branded material that's focused on veterans for recruiters to use at job fairs.
2. Put your money where your mouth is.
Often, company leaders say they're going to focus on hiring more veterans. But then the initiative gets pushed aside by other things. Avoid this by publicly setting goals.
For example, in 2016, Amazon pledged to hire 25,000 military veterans and spouses, and train an additional 10,000 in cloud computing. Once that goal was out there, they had to follow up.
"Since making that pledge, we have built -- and are in the process of scaling -- programs that will further attract and enable veterans and military spouses to build careers here at Amazon," Kathleen Carroll, director of global talent acquisition, said.
Setting a known target helps keep the company accountable. To maintain your reputation, you have to take action toward those goals.
3. Learn the lingo.
Reading a veteran's resume can feel like you're trying to understand a foreign language. For example, very few civilians understand what an ammunition specialist does. They don't know how those skill might apply to a job in shipping. If you are unable to see how those roles overlap, you'll miss out on great talent.
"Flexport bridges the gap by using current veteran employees as arbiters to review veteran candidates' resumes or LinkedIn profiles to better decipher the achiever pattern we're looking for," said Sarah Gehrki, recruiting operations manager at Flexport, a freight forwarding company.
Also, ask current veteran employees how the military training and promotion system works. This will give you an idea of each candidate's skill level and help you determine all that they're capable of.
4. Take up arms in their causes.
There are countless nonprofit organizations that work with veterans. Get involved with these groups to show your dedication to veterans. For example, Overwatch Capital, a security and defense investment firm, partners with several veterans groups to support that community. As a result, they now have a better understanding of what veterans need from employers.
"We understand that coaching and mentoring veterans to the next step in their career is part of our duty as employers," said Steve Muntean, CEO of the organization.
Building relationships with these nonprofits also taps you into a network of veterans. It creates a way to give them information about your company and available employment opportunities.
Published on: Nov 8, 2017
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2556
|
__label__wiki
| 0.747535
| 0.747535
|
LG, Sony to stop making 3D TV sets
24 Jan, 2017 - 09:47 AM IST | By indiantelevision.com Team
MUMBAI: At one stage it was touted as the future of television. Thanks to the stupendous success that James Cameron’s 3D version of Avatar achieved at the box office with its spectacular 3D graphics and colors. A rash of manufacturers rushed in rolling out 3D TV sets which could be watched with either wearables or with a screen to make the images jump out at viewers. 3D channels by DirectTV, Sky, ESPN, Comcast, Sony and other players in different parts of the world were launched.
But 2017 will be the year when 3D TV was given a quite burial or cremation if you so like. The world’s largest manufacturers of TVs – LG, Sony – informed CNET last week that they were going to stop integrating 3D capabilities into the TV sets they manufacture from 2017.
The reason: the technology required viewers to sit stationary and view the programming from a specific angle. Which consumers did not buy into at all.
The channels that were launched were shuttered quickly but 3D TV capabilities continued to be offered by manufacturers. Until this year, that is.
"3D capability was never really universally embraced in the industry for home use, and it's just not a key buying factor when selecting a new TV,” said LG’s director of new product development Tim Alessi, to CNET. "Purchase process research showed it's not a top buying consideration, and anecdotal information indicated that actual usage was not high. We decided to drop 3D support for 2017.”
Manufacturers will now be focusing on 4K, UHD, HDR and smart TV features going forward.
LGSony3D TVJames CameronDirectTVSkyESPNComcastTim Alessi
BP Communications Limited Partners with MyBox to bring advanced digital set-top box technology to Bangladesh
MUMBAI: Cable Operator Association of Bangladesh (COAB) organized an event for Bangladesh cable operators in Kolkata recently to discuss the impending digitization in Bangladesh. MyBox Technologies, a leading R&D house backed by Hero Electronix, specializing in the research & development...
Technology Hardware Set-top Boxes
Meet the World’s First Blockchain-Powered Smartphone, BOB, at CES 2020
As the world teeters around cyber threats in this digital age, more and more users online, across all demographics and generations, feel more vulnerable or have experienced data breaches and attacks on their privacy. According to a study, 8 out of 10 Internet users globally don’t even feel they...
Technology ces
Samsung launches 'Age of Experiences'
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. announced the “Age of Experience” at the opening keynote at CES. As the featured keynote speaker, Samsung Consumer Electronics President and CEO H.S. Kim heralded a decade of human-centric innovation that seamlessly combines hardware and software to create personalized...
Technicolor to showcase comprehensive range of technologies at CES
MUMBAI: Technicolor Connected Home to demonstrate a comprehensive range of technologies -- including DOCSIS 3.1,Android TV and Reference Design Kit (RDK), Wi-Fi 6, 6Ghz Wi-Fi, 5G, and Fiber Interoperability solutions at CES conference in Las Vegas January 7-10, 2020.
TCL Electronics to showcase next-gen mini-LED technology at CES 2020
MUMBAI: TCL Electronics, a dominant player in the global TV industry and leading consumer electronics company, will showcase the next generation of mini-LED technology among a full suite of flagship innovations at CES 2020 in Las Vegas, 7-10 January. Already one of the fastest-growing consumer...
Over 20 Million Users in India Log on to 11.11 UC Shopping Festival
MUMBAI: Over 20 Million Indians logged on to UC Browser to take part in the recently concluded 11.11 UC Shopping Festival, part of Alibaba’s 11.11 Global Shopping Festival. The 11.11 UC Shopping Festival, jointly presented by UC Browser, Paytm Mall, Paytm First, Lazada and AliExpress simultaneously...
Technology Software Applications
Canadian video-tech firm Nextologies eyes India's growth opportunities
MUMBAI: Slava Levin is a familiar name for many distribution heads amongst Indian broadcasters. The Ukraine-born, Canada-bred entrepreneur has built a distribution of niche, country-specific channels into Canada of transport of video globally into a highly profitable group - called the Ethnic...
Life Church Selects VITEC Houses of Worship Streaming Solutions
VITEC, a worldwide leader in advanced video encoding and streaming solutions, today announced its MGW Ace Encoder and Decoder were successfully installed at Life Church and its four satellite campuses in Memphis, Tenn.
Silicon Valley based Firework, a social mobile video app launches in India with focus on next-gen consumer mobile applications
MUMBAI: Firework, a social mobile video app for iOS and Android devices, has now entered India. With ‘Reveal’, its patent pending technology, it will allow creators to take both horizontal and vertical video in one shot from their mobile device. Firework is part of a suite of apps created by Loop...
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2557
|
__label__cc
| 0.709181
| 0.290819
|
Paris Ile de France
New Aquitaine
Along the Côte Fleurie (Flower Coast) you will find the elegant resort of Cabourg. This popular seaside town lies on the estuary of the River Dives and is famous for its unspoilt 2½ miles of fine sandy beach which is a great place both for watersports and quiet relaxation. The charm of Cabourg is emphasised by its beautiful early 20th century villas giving it a feel of romantic chic and a flavour of the ‘Belle Epoque’.
An enjoyable stroll along the seafront brings you to the Grand Hotel which was the favourite haunt of Marcel Proust during the early 1900s. He was a frequent visitor, enjoying the splendid views of the sea through the hotel’s vast bay windows which he described so vividly in his seminal book À la Recherche du Temps Perdu. In his honour, the promenade is called the Marcel-Proust Walk.
The modern age of Cabourg was defined by the introduction of the railway which led holiday-makers to this area of sand dunes and picturesque vistas of the Channel. This development era saw villas and hotels built in a semicircle with the Grand Hotel in the middle and a fan-shaped network of shaded tree-lined avenues beyond the shoreline. Today there is a thriving race-course which attracts tourists and visitors all year round with trotting races held in the evening under spotlights during the summer months.
Cabourg has an artistic feel to it and several events including a film festival, theatre productions, a book fair and musical evenings are held throughout the year. The Casino, an extravagantly decorated building with a ‘beaux arts’ charm of the 1900s, adds to the gambling excitement and a welcome visit to the terrace restaurant looking out over the sea.
Book a Hotel in Cabourg
Rent a Chateau in Normandy
PreviousLe Havre
NextLe Francois 1er
Information France
David Rosslyn-Smith having spent time living on the Côte d’Azur has often been labelled as ‘Mr France’ based upon his experiences in this inspirational and diverse country. His knowledge has been refined by the fact that he spent 10 years selling Chateaux, Belle Demeures and Vineyards across France. Entertaining his clients and friends also gave David the opportunity to visit personally many Michelin starred restaurants, hotels and Relais Chateaux throughout France. By designing informationfrance.com, it became clear that in order to faciliate navigation, the site should be built upon the infrastructure of France, ie by Region, Department and Town. There are now 13 Regions and 93 Departments all of which have a number which appears in the postcodes and the number plates of cars. we hope that you enjoy our website and please email us if you have any questions or suggestions about France – david@informationfrance.com
{{ imageCount }}
{{formatNumber Price true }}
{{#if propImage2}}
{{/if}} {{#if propImage3}}
{{language TitleGB TitleFR }}
Ref.: {{substring Postcode 2 }}-{{ SellerId }}-{{ Mandate }} | Land: {{MinLandArea}} | Hab. Area: {{HabitableSurface}} | Beds: {{Bedrooms}} | Rooms: {{Rooms}} | Seller: Agency | Dept.: {{Department}}
Properties from Frenchpropertysearch.com
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2560
|
__label__cc
| 0.645846
| 0.354154
|
William G. LeDuc House
You are here Home > Historical Buildings > William G. LeDuc House
Civil War quartermaster General William Leduc’s home, built in 1865, and his family reportedly dabbled in spiritualism. Many spirits are said to reside here, and the apparition of General Leduc himself has been spotted. His daughter Alice and family friend Carroll Simmons are believed to be here as well, and witnesses have described cold spots, doors that open and close by themselves, and moving objects.
Dakota County, Minnesota
Hastings, MN (1.0 mi.)
Prescott, WI (2.8 mi.)
Vermillion, MN (6.8 mi.)
Cottage Grove, MN (8.2 mi.)
Coates, MN (9.0 mi.)
Miesville, MN (9.1 mi.)
New Trier, MN (9.7 mi.)
Saint Paul Park, MN (10.4 mi.)
Hampton, MN (11.0 mi.)
Newport, MN (12.0 mi.)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_G._LeDuc_House
Rosewood Inn Bed and Breakfast
0.7 mi. — Hastings, Minnesota
Treat Me Sweet
Cottage Grove Cemetery
8.3 mi. — Cottage Grove, Minnesota
Hamlet Park – Dead Man’s Pond
9.1 mi. — St. Paul Park, Minnesota
Twin Cities Haunted Handbook: 100 Ghostly Places You Can Visit in and Around Minneapolis and St. Paul
Jeff Morris
The Ghosts on 87th Lane: A True Story
M.L. Woelm
Ghosts of Southeastern Minnesota
Christopher Larsen
Haunted Eau Claire
Devon Bell
Haunted Chippewa Valley (Haunted America)
Mysterious Minnesota: Digging Up the Ghostly Past at 13 Haunted Sites
Adrian Lee
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2562
|
__label__cc
| 0.672916
| 0.327084
|
Giant cat mysteriously appears on google maps... and google haz no idea how it got there
Cats iz slowly taking over the world... muahahahaha
Google iz looking into how an image of a giant cat haz appeared on Google Maps. The giant cat outline waz spotted in Hobson Bay in Auckland, New Zealand, but Google iz not entirely sure how it actually got there.
Google's head of communications in New Zealand, Annie Baxter, told Stuff.co.nz: "We were aware that cats were trying to take over YouTube, but we didn't realise it was extending to Google Maps. We're looking into this."
The cat appears to be made up of a series of tracks next to the coastline, but the path doesn't actually exist, which haz baffled Google.
My take? We iz slowly taking over the internets... and google iz no exception. We rule! Hazah!
Via Mirror
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2564
|
__label__wiki
| 0.559247
| 0.559247
|
Wanstead shop owner fined for 'grime crime'
Faisal Dhalech, who owns Brading Convenience Store, in Brading Crescent, found himself out of pocket after Redbridge enforcement officers prosecuted him for failing to produce the paperwork to show he was disposing of commercial waste legally. Picture: Google
The owner of a Wanstead convenience store has been fined £200 after failing to show he was disposing of his waste legally.
Faisal Dhalech, who owns Brading Convenience Store, in Brading Crescent, found himself out of pocket after Redbridge enforcement officers prosecuted him for failing to produce the correct paperwork to show he was disposing of commercial waste legally.
Following his appearance at Barkingside Magistrates' Court on Friday, October 11, Dhalech from Grove Road, Leytonstone, pleaded guilty to the charges.
He was hit with a fine of £200 and ordered to pay costs of £300. A victim surcharge of £30 was also imposed.
Redbridge Council said it is taking a tough stance on grime crime and will fine or prosecute any individual or business that it finds breaking the law.
Cabinet member for civic pride, Councillor John Howard, said: "All of us, including businesses, have a responsibility to the environment and each other to get rid of rubbish properly, and keep our streets clean.
"Commercial waste must be disposed of safely and legally to prevent contamination and the spread of vermin.
"Any business unable to show how their commercial waste is being disposed of in a safe and legal manner will end up in court and out of pocket just like this case."
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2565
|
__label__cc
| 0.61584
| 0.38416
|
Socio-economic statistics for Peak Hill, Lincolnshire
If you are thinking of moving to Peak Hill or just want to know a what the area is like, the statistics on this page should give you a good introduction. They cover a range of socio-economic factors so you can compare Peak Hill to figures for Lincolnshire and nationally. These statistics can tell you if Peak Hill is an economically deprived area and how hard it might be to get a job.
Peak Hill Benefits & Unemployment Statistics
These figures on the claiming of benefits in Peak Hill come from the Department for Work & Pensions and are dated . They can often be a good indicator of the prosperity of the town and possible indicator of how hard it would be to get employment in the area. The rate of unemployment in Peak Hill is both lower than the average for Lincolnshire and lower than the national average, suggesting that finding a job in this area maybe easier than most places. The rate of claiming any benefit (which includes in work benefits) is more than 10% lower in Peak Hill than the national average, suggesting higher salaries than the average in the area.
Jobseekers Allowance (only) 2.6% 2.8% 3.3%
Incapacity Benefits (IB or ESA) 2% 2.2% 2.4%
Any Benefit (includes in work benefits) 11.6% 13.3% 13.5%
Peak Hill General Health Statistics
The respondents of the 2011 Census were asked to rate their health. These are the results for Peak Hill. The percentage of residents in Peak Hill rating their health as 'very good' is less than the national average. Also the percentage of residents in Peak Hill rating their health as 'very bad' is more than the national average, suggesting that the health of the residents of Peak Hill is generally worse than in the average person in England.
Very Good 40.52% 43.02% 47.17%
Good 37.55% 35.96% 34.22%
Fair 15.82% 15.13% 13.12%
Bad 4.72% 4.60% 4.25%
Very Bad 1.38% 1.30% 1.25%
Peak Hill Property Ownership & Rental Statistics
Peak Hill has a higher rate of home ownership, either outright or via a mortgage than the national average, which suggests that Peak Hill is a relatively affluent area.
Owned 39.2% 36% 30.6%
Mortgage 33.3% 32.6% 32.8%
Shared 0.7% 0.7% 0.8%
Social Rented (Council) 10.3% 8.2% 9.4%
Social Rented (Housing Assoc) 2.4% 5.5% 8.3%
Private Rented 11.2% 13.8% 15.4%
Other 1.5% 1.8% 1.4%
Rent Free 1.4% 1.6% 1.3%
Peak Hill Education Statistics
These statistics are for the highest level education obtained by the residents of Peak Hill and are from the UK Census of 2011. Peak Hill has a high level of residents with either no qualifications or qualifications equal to 1 or more GCSE at grade D or below, than the national average.
No Qualifications 30.8% 26.1% 22.5%
Level 1 15.3% 14.1% 13.3%
Apprenticeship 3.7% 4.2% 3.6%
Level 3 10% 12.3% 12.4%
Peak Hill Age Distribution Statistics
The population of Peak Hill as a whole, is older than the national average. The population of Peak Hill is also older than the Lincolnshire average, making Peak Hill a older persons location.
Age 0 to 4 5.1% 5.2% 6.3%
Age 10 to14 5.6% 5.7% 5.8%
Age 15 to 17 3.7% 3.7% 3.7%
Age 18 to 24 7% 8.3% 9.4%
Age 30 to 44 18.3% 18% 20.6%
Age 45 to 59 20.4% 20.6% 19.4%
Age 60 to 64 7.5% 7.4% 6%
Age 65 to 74 11.6% 11.2% 8.6%
Age 85 and over 2.9% 2.6% 2.3%
Mean Age 43.4 42.5 39.3
Median Age 45 44 39
Peak Hill Social Grade & Occcupation Statistics
Social grade is a classification based on occupation and it enables a household and all its members to be classified according to the job of the main income earner. Peak Hill has 20% less Higher and Intermediate managerial, administrative or professional households than the national average.
AB 14.57% 17.93% 22.96%
C1 26.23% 28.67% 30.92%
DE 31.59% 28.66% 25.49%
Peak Hill Immigration Statistics
These figures for Country of Birth for the residents of Peak Hill are from the UK Census of 2011.
United Kingdom 90.4% 92.9% 86.2%
Rebublic of Ireland 0.3% 0.4% 0.7%
Other EU Countries 7.3% 4.3% 3.7%
Outside the EU 2% 2.4% 9.4%
Do you live in Peak Hill? Let us know what you think in the comments below.
Tags: lincolnshire, Peak Hill, Peak Hill Age statistics, Peak Hill Education statistics, Peak Hill Health statistics, Peak Hill Immigration statistics, Peak Hill statistics, Peak Hill Unemployment rate, statistics
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2566
|
__label__cc
| 0.653613
| 0.346387
|
Home / art / Summer Schools Bursaries being offered for artists as part of Limerick Cultural Strategy
Summer Schools Bursaries being offered for artists as part of Limerick Cultural Strategy
By Richard Lynch on May 3, 2017@richanthon
Limerick City and County Council is offering a number of bursary opportunities to support the continued professional development of artists and other creative practitioners across the city and county.
A total of five individual bursaries is available to allow for participation at specific summer schools taking place across Limerick and in Monaghan in the coming months.
Limerick Arts Office at Limerick City and County Council is delighted to announce funding bursary opportunities for 2017.
The purpose of these bursaries is to support professional development in line with the Limerick Cultural Strategy, A Framework 2016-2030.
The five bursaries are:
Blas International Summer School Bursary
Meitheal Summer School Bursary
Irish Youth Choir Bursary
League of Ireland Summer School Bursary
Tyrone Guthrie Centre Regional Bursary
All applicants must be resident in Limerick in order to be eligible for these opportunities.
Mayor of the City and County of Limerick, Cllr Kieran O’Hanlon said: “I’m particularly delighted that two of these opportunities for creative practitioners are in the traditional music area because as you know I am a keen traditional musician myself! But more importantly, these bursaries give the time and space to artists to be part of the wonderful summer schools that take place in Limerick. I welcome and encourage everyone to apply.”
Blas International Summer School of Irish Traditional Music and Dance
Sheila Deegan Limerick Arts Officer added: “Continued professional development of artists and creative practitioners is a key objective within the Limerick Cultural Strategy. We are delighted to be providing these opportunities in order for creative practitioners to learn new skills, to meet new people which in turn may lead to enhanced opportunities.”
Blas International Summer School at the Irish World Academy of Music in the University of Limerick taking place from 19 to 30 June 2017. This bursary will cover one week’s tuition (lectures, workshop, assessment and attendance at all concerts). Full details of Blas International Summer Schools Bursaries from www.blas.ie.
The Meitheal Summer School takes place in Villiers School, North Circular Road, Limerick from 24 to 28 July 2017. This bursary will cover five days tuition (including accommodation, meals, tuition, activities and supervision). It is open to musicians resident in Limerick city and county who can demonstrate a high competency in Irish music. Full details of Meitheal Summer Schools Bursaries are available from www.tradweek.com.
The Irish Youth Choir Summer Course at the Irish World Academy of Music and Dance, University of Limerick is taking place from 25 June to 2 July 2017. This bursary will cover one week’s tuition and is open only to Choir Members who are resident in Limerick city and county. Full details on the Irish Youth Choir Summer Course from www.aoic.ie/iyc/join_us/irish_youth_choir.
The 52nd annual Drama League of Ireland Residential Summer Schools Bursaries is taking place at the University of Limerick from 29 July to 5 August this year. Limerick Arts Office is offering one non-residential bursary. It is open to practitioners who are resident in Limerick city and county. Full details on the DLI Summer Schools Bursaries are available from www.dli.ie/summerschool.htm.
Limerick Arts Office is delighted to announce an open call to recognised cultural practitioners across all art forms, born or residing in Limerick city and county, to apply for a bursary to undertake a short residency at the Tyrone Guthrie Centre at Annaghmakerrig in Co. Monaghan, part of the Tyrone Guthrie Centre Regional Bursary Scheme 2017. This bursary covers all board and lodging expenses for one week. Information on the Tyrone Guthrie Centre is available from www.tyroneguthrie.ie
The deadline for receipt of applications is 5 pm on Monday 15th May 2017. Applications can be submitted to Limerick Arts Office, Limerick City and County Council, Merchant’s Quay, Limerick or email [email protected]
For further information and application forms on any of these bursary opportunities please contact Limerick Arts Office, email [email protected] or telephone 061 407363/ 061 525031.
To read more about art in Limerick click here
Related ItemsartartistsbursariescommunitycultureLimerick Cultural Strategysummer schoolSummer Schools Bursariessupport
← Previous Story The Cool Vernacular exhibition of new work by emerging Limerick based artist Jim Furlong
Next Story → Irish Retired Greyhound Trust Visits Limerick Greyhound Stadium
Ireland’s First Pro Muay Thai Show of 2020 ‘Unforgiven IV’ Takes Place in Limerick January 25th
10th Annual Tourism Policy Conference held at Dromoland Castle
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2567
|
__label__wiki
| 0.559513
| 0.559513
|
Enhancing Consumer Choice
Creating Local Jobs
Bedlington Town Centre scheme takes vital step forward
Bedlington is a town situated in South East Northumberland, England, with a population of roughly 15,400. It is a former mining town roughly 10 miles north of Newcastle upon Tyne and 4.5 miles southeast of the county town of Morpeth. Easy accessible by road, bus and train. Other nearby places include Ashington to the north northeast, Blyth to the east and Cramlington to the south
Site Location Plan
Advance Northumberland
Wansbeck Workspace,
Rotary Parkway, Ashington,
NE63 8QZ
info@investinginbedlington.co.uk
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2571
|
__label__wiki
| 0.809373
| 0.809373
|
‘Heroic’ boys receive commendations after rescuing woman and baby from English canal
Wednesday, January 08, 2020 - 12:20 PM
A group of seven schoolboys have been called “heroic” after helping to rescue a woman and her baby from a canal in Widnes.
The boys received commendations from police after they helped a 39-year-old woman who had entered the St Helens Canal when her four-month-old daughter’s pram rolled into the water.
The woman’s four-year-old daughter informed the boys, who were playing football nearby, of the incident, who then called for an ambulance and kept the baby warm as they waited for paramedics to arrive.
Chief Inspector Catherine Pritchard, of Widnes Local Policing Unit, said: “The quick thinking, bravery and community spirit of the boys impressed everyone at Widnes Police Station.
“They helped to prevent this incident from becoming far more serious.
“As such we decided that all seven boys are worthy of special commendations in recognition of their heroic actions.”
The boys, 15-year-old Tyler Moses, 14-year-olds Ethan Melvin, Joe Draycott and Campbell Law, 12-year-old Ellis Hulme, 11-year-old McCauley Maguire and 10-year-old Jacob Potter, took their coats off to keep the baby warm as paramedics arrived at the scene.
Father walks bride down aisle 10 days after becoming paralysed by brain tumour
Six of the boys received a Chief Inspector’s Commendation for “displaying bravery and community spirit in helping to rescue a woman and her baby from a canal” during a ceremony at Widnes Police Station on Monday.
The remaining boy, Tyler Moses, will receive his commendation at a later date.
Chief Inspector Pritchard said: “The presentation gave the mum the chance to thank the group of boys in person… She even gave them presents.
“She did a great job in keeping her baby above the cold water once the pram had entered it and is eternally grateful to the boys for everything they did for her and her baby that day.
“Her four-year-old daughter also did a fantastic job in managing to get help for her mum and sister and as such she also received a commendation during the presentation ceremony.”
The woman and baby were assessed by paramedics before being taken to Whiston Hospital in an ambulance as a precaution.
British police thanked after treating Newcastle-mad pensioner, 97, to first game ever
UK papers: Police ignored 30 years of child abuse cases over fears of 'racial tensions'
Football hooligan convicted of attacking Guardian columnist over political views
canalCheshirePolicerescueTOPIC: UK
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2574
|
__label__wiki
| 0.646296
| 0.646296
|
All: 33 Articles: 32 Trend reports: 1
Paul Berney, CMO and managing director, EMEA, Mobile Marketing Association
...out. It‘s a really neat experiential thing. As far as apps, do you think a lot of branded apps are getting lost in the big pileup of apps that consumers...
Millennials love $, everyone loves messaging apps, and more
...to consumers? Businessweek takes a look. -Over-the-top messaging apps “have become an indispensable form of communication for hundreds of millions of people worldwide,” reports The Wall Street Journal. -America’s “underground...
Money & messaging apps
Given the primary function of mobile messaging apps and their technical capabilities, money transfer and payments are an alluring proposition, as outlined in our new report on payments and currency....
Retail+Finance
Study: Beacons, retail apps and targeted messaging
...can precisely track shoppers’ phones, enabling marketers to send highly targeted content via mobile apps and push notifications. The question is whether shoppers will download these apps and enable push...
Study: Messenger apps dominate mobile social
since this chart was prepared. Messaging apps overall posted triple-digit growth last year, per Flurry. As The New York Times reports today, the popularity of these apps is driving more...
The New Social Media
...own avatars with a small group of friends inside the app. This takes the Snapchat experience beyond messaging into a realm of deeper interactivity and engagement. “We wanted to build...
Multimedia messaging
...easier, more automated or simply more fun. One way they’re doing so: with messaging apps like Line, Viber and KakaoTalk, which have become “an indispensable form of communication for hundreds...
Brendan Bilko, head of product, Dexter
Chatbots have emerged as the next disruptive technology as messaging apps like Facebook Messenger, WeChat and WhatsApp overtake social networks in active users. Over the past few months, Facebook, Microsoft,...
Michael Björn, head of research, Ericsson ConsumerLab
...is, we looked at the overall messaging situation. We still see that there’s an overall rise of total communication volume. So yes, all of these mobile messaging apps and channels...
Study: WhatsApp’s staggering growth curve
very small groups, rather than sharing information more widely,” as The New York Times reports today. Younger users, especially, have reportedly become more enamored of other platforms. Messaging apps are...
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2586
|
__label__cc
| 0.574561
| 0.425439
|
GLOBAL TREATIES dans Climate and Atmosphere
Convention de Vienne
Protocole de Montréal
Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiques
Protocole de Kyoto
REGIONAL TREATIES dans Climate and Atmosphere
Convention sur la pollution atmosphérique transfrontière à longue distanceEurope
Convention sur les effets transfrontières des accidents industrielsEurope
Treaties in Diversité biologique
GLOBAL TREATIES dans Diversité biologique
Convention sur le commerce international des espèces de faune et de flore sauvages menacées d'extinction
Convention sur la conservation des espèces migratrices
Traité sur les ressources phytogénétiques
La Convention du patrimoine mondial
Convention de Ramsar
Convention des Nations Unies sur la lutte contre la désertification
REGIONAL TREATIES dans Diversité biologique
Accord sur la conservation des oiseaux d'eau migrateurs d'Afrique-EurasieAfrique, Europe
Convention de BarceloneAfrique, Europe
Prevention and Emergency ProtocolAfrique, Europe
Land-Based Sources ProtocolAfrique, Europe
Specially Protected Areas and Biodiversity ProtocolAfrique, Europe
Protocole sur l'eau et la santé Europe
Convention sur l´eauEurope
Convention d'AbidjanAfrique
Convention de NouméaAsie et Pacifique
Convention de Cartagena Amérique latine et Caraïbes
Convention de JeddahAsie et Pacifique
Convention de NairobiAfrique
Convention d'ApiaAsie et Pacifique
Convention d'AntiguaAsie et Pacifique
Convention régionale de KuwaitAsie et Pacifique
Accords de LusakaAfrique
ASCOBANSEurope
Accord relatif à la Conservation des Chauves-Souris en EuropeEurope
REGIONAL TREATIES dans Environmental Governance
Convention d'AarhusEurope
Convention d'EspooEurope
Protocole sur les RRTP Europe
Regional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the CaribbeanAmérique latine et Caraïbes
GLOBAL TREATIES dans Land and Agriculture
REGIONAL TREATIES dans Land and Agriculture
GLOBAL TREATIES dans Marine and Freshwater
REGIONAL TREATIES dans Marine and Freshwater
Dumping ProtocolAfrique, Europe
Treaties in Produits chimiques et déchets
GLOBAL TREATIES dans Produits chimiques et déchets
Convention de Bâle
Convention de Stockholm
Convention de Rotterdam
Convention de Minamata sur le mercure
REGIONAL TREATIES dans Produits chimiques et déchets
Protocole « déchets dangereux » Afrique, Europe
Convention de BamakoAfrique
Treaties in Afrique
TREATIES dans Afrique
Accord sur la conservation des oiseaux d'eau migrateurs d'Afrique-EurasieDiversité biologique
Convention de BarceloneProduits chimiques et déchets, Diversité biologique, Marine and Freshwater
Dumping ProtocolProduits chimiques et déchets, Marine and Freshwater
Prevention and Emergency ProtocolDiversité biologique, Produits chimiques et déchets, Marine and Freshwater
Land-Based Sources ProtocolProduits chimiques et déchets, Diversité biologique, Marine and Freshwater, Land and Agriculture
Specially Protected Areas and Biodiversity ProtocolProduits chimiques et déchets, Diversité biologique, Marine and Freshwater, Land and Agriculture
Protocole « déchets dangereux » Produits chimiques et déchets
Convention d'AbidjanDiversité biologique, Produits chimiques et déchets, Marine and Freshwater
Convention de NairobiProduits chimiques et déchets, Diversité biologique, Marine and Freshwater
Convention de BamakoProduits chimiques et déchets
Accords de LusakaDiversité biologique, Environmental Governance
Treaties in Amérique latine et Caraïbes
TREATIES dans Amérique latine et Caraïbes
Convention de Cartagena Produits chimiques et déchets, Diversité biologique, Marine and Freshwater
Treaties in Asie et Pacifique
TREATIES dans Asie et Pacifique
Convention de NouméaProduits chimiques et déchets, Diversité biologique, Marine and Freshwater
Convention de JeddahDiversité biologique, Produits chimiques et déchets, Marine and Freshwater
Convention d'ApiaProduits chimiques et déchets, Diversité biologique, Marine and Freshwater, Land and Agriculture
Convention d'AntiguaDiversité biologique, Marine and Freshwater
Convention régionale de KuwaitDiversité biologique, Produits chimiques et déchets, Marine and Freshwater
TREATIES dans Europe
Convention d'AarhusEnvironmental Governance
Convention sur la pollution atmosphérique transfrontière à longue distanceProduits chimiques et déchets, Climate and Atmosphere
Convention d'EspooEnvironmental Governance
Protocole sur l'eau et la santé Diversité biologique, Produits chimiques et déchets, Marine and Freshwater
Convention sur l´eauDiversité biologique, Marine and Freshwater
Protocole sur les RRTP Environmental Governance, Produits chimiques et déchets
Convention sur les effets transfrontières des accidents industrielsDiversité biologique, Produits chimiques et déchets, Climate and Atmosphere, Land and Agriculture, Marine and Freshwater
ASCOBANSDiversité biologique
Accord relatif à la Conservation des Chauves-Souris en EuropeDiversité biologique
Convention sur la diversité biologiqueDiversité biologique
Convention de BâleProduits chimiques et déchets
Convention sur le commerce international des espèces de faune et de flore sauvages menacées d'extinctionDiversité biologique
Convention sur la conservation des espèces migratricesDiversité biologique
Convention de StockholmProduits chimiques et déchets
Convention de VienneClimate and Atmosphere
Protocole de MontréalClimate and Atmosphere
Protocole de CartagenaDiversité biologique, Land and Agriculture
Protocole de NagoyaDiversité biologique, Land and Agriculture
Traité sur les ressources phytogénétiquesDiversité biologique, Land and Agriculture
Convention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiquesClimate and Atmosphere
La Convention du patrimoine mondialDiversité biologique, Marine and Freshwater, Land and Agriculture
Protocole de KyotoClimate and Atmosphere
Convention de RamsarDiversité biologique, Land and Agriculture, Marine and Freshwater
Convention des Nations Unies sur la lutte contre la désertificationDiversité biologique, Land and Agriculture
Convention de RotterdamProduits chimiques et déchets
Convention de Minamata sur le mercureProduits chimiques et déchets
À propos d'InforMEA
Cours en ligne gratuits
Diversité biologique
Produits chimiques et déchets
in: TraitésTreaty textsDecisions texts National SubmissionsNational PlansNational Reports Law and CasesLégislationCourt Decisions Documents and LiteratureDocumentsDocuments News and EventsActualitésÉvénements Goals and declarationsGoalsDeclarations Contacts HUB All Categories
Home » Treaties » Convention on Biological Diversity » Texte du traité
Convention d'AbidjanAccord sur la conservation des oiseaux d'eau migrateurs d'Afrique-EurasieAccord relatif à la Conservation des Chauves-Souris en EuropeASCOBANSConvention d'AntiguaConvention d'ApiaAccord de l'ASEAN sur les nuages de pollution transfrontières Convention de BamakoConvention de BarceloneBarcelona Convention, 1976Barcelona Dumping, 1976Protocole de Bâle Convention des CarpatesConvention de Cartagena Protocole de CartagenaConvention sur le commerce international des espèces de faune et de flore sauvages menacées d'extinctionConvention sur la pollution atmosphérique transfrontière à longue distanceConvention sur la conservation des espèces migratricesConvention sur les effets transfrontières des accidents industrielsDumping ProtocolEMEP ProtocolConvention d'EspooGoverning CouncilProtocole « déchets dangereux » International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973International Plant Protection ConventionConvention de JeddahConvention régionale de KuwaitProtocole sur les RRTP Protocole de KyotoLand-Based Sources ProtocolLBS ProtocolAccords de LusakaConvention de Minamata sur le mercureProtocole de MontréalNagoya – Kuala Lumpur Supplementary ProtocolConvention de NairobiConvention de NouméaOffshore ProtocolOil Spills ProtocolParis AgreementTraité sur les ressources phytogénétiquesPrevention and Emergency ProtocolPrevention and Emergency Protocol, 1976Protocol Concerning Specially Protected Areas and WildlifeProtocol concerning the Control of Emissions of Nitrogen OxidesProtocol concerning the Control of Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds or their Transboundary FluxesProtocol on Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biological and Landscape Diversity Protocol on Further Reduction of Sulphur EmissionsProtocol on Heavy MetalsProtocol on Integrated Coastal Zone Management in the MediterraneanProtocol on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)Protocol on Strategic Environmental AssessmentProtocol on Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development Protocol on Sustainable Forest Management Protocol on Sustainable TourismProtocol on Sustainable TransportProtocol on the Reduction of Sulphur EmissionsProtocole sur l'eau et la santé Protocol to Abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level OzoneConvention de RamsarRegional Agreement on Access to Information, Public Participation and Justice in Environmental Matters in Latin America and the CaribbeanConvention de RotterdamSpecially Protected Areas and Biodiversity ProtocolConvention de StockholmStrategic Approach to International Chemicals ManagementConvention de TéhéranThe Beijing Amendment (1999)The Copenhagen Amendment (1992)The Kigali Amendment (2016)The London Amendment (1990) The London Fisheries Convention The Montreal Amendment (1997)Convention des Nations Unies relatives aux cours d'eauUnited Nations Convention on the Law of the SeaConvention des Nations Unies sur la lutte contre la désertificationAssemblée des Nations Unies pour l’environnementConvention-cadre des Nations Unies sur les changements climatiquesConvention de VienneWaigani ConventionConvention sur l´eauLa Convention du patrimoine mondialConvention d'AarhusConvention de BâleConvention sur la diversité biologiqueProtocole de Nagoya
Protocoles 3
Treaty Text
Décisions 436
Parties 196
National Reports 814
National Plans 329
Documents and Files n/a
Contacts HUB 763
Cours d’apprentissage en ligne
Lien vers recueil de traités de l’ONU
Les balises surlignées en jaune sur cette page reposent sur des "correspondances" initiales sujettes à révision et amélioration. Les points saillants n'excluent pas l'importance des autres sections du texte.
If you have suggestions to improve this page, please let us know by using the contact form
Filter by related SDGs
Objectif 2
Target 2.1 Target 2.4 Target 2.5 Target 2.a
Target 3.9 Target 3.9 Target 3.d
Target 5.a
Objectif 11
Target 11.6 Target 11.b
Target 12.2 Target 12.3 Target 12.7 Target 12.8
Target 13.1
Target 14.2 Target 14.3 Target 14.4 Target 14.5 Target 14.6 Target 14.7 Target 14.a Target 14.b Target 14.c
Target 15.1 Target 15.2 Target 15.4 Target 15.5 Target 15.6 Target 15.7 Target 15.8 Target 15.9 Target 15.a Target 15.b Target 15.c
Target 16.6 Target 16.7 Target 16.10
Target 17.3 Target 17.5 Target 17.6 Target 17.7 Target 17.8 Target 17.9 Target 17.14 Target 17.15 Target 17.16 Target 17.17 Target 17.18 Target 17.19
Filter by Glossary Terms
- Please select - accès aux ressources génétiques et partage des avantages accès aux ressources génétiques partage des bénéfices biodiversité agricole conservation sustainable use technology transfer conservation in situ secrétariat adoption protocol amendement procédure d’amendement annexe ecosystem souveraineté precautionary principle ex-situ conservation genetic resource peuple autochtone accès à l'information gender coopération internationale mécanisme financier budget developing country poverty économie en transition sustainable development synergie équité intragénérationnelle diversité biologique biotechnologie protected area prevention stratégie nationale monitoring evaluation préservation des écosystèmes protection des habitats protection of species gestion saine de l’environnement endangered species organisme vivant modifié risk assessment espèce exotique réforme du droit species enforcement ressource phytogénétique ressource génétique pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture renforcement des capacités private sector trade economic instrument science organe subsidiaire technology organe consultatif environmental impact assessment public participation obligation de notification disaster environmental damage liability compensation modalité mutuellement convenue prior informed consent commerce illicite droit de propriété intellectuelle indigenous knowledge information exchange radiation developed country vulnerability responsabilités communes mais différenciées international agreement règlement intérieur Conférence des Parties réunion extraordinaire de la Conférence des Parties implementation rapport national organisation non-gouvernementale observateur règlement des différends acceptation entrée en vigueur ratification non partie adhésion retrait dépositaire signature
Print treaty text Télécharger
View the official source on CBD website
The Contracting Parties,
Conscious of the intrinsic value of biological diversity and of the ecological, genetic, social, economic, scientific, educational, cultural, recreational and aesthetic values of biological diversity and its components,
Conscious also of the importance of biological diversity for evolution and for maintaining life sustaining systems of the biosphere,
Terms: biodiversité agricole, ecosystem
Affirming that the conservation of biological diversity is a common concern of humankind,
Terms: biodiversité agricole, conservation
Reaffirming that States have sovereign rights over their own biological resources,
Terms: souveraineté
Reaffirming also that States are responsible for conserving their biological diversity and for using their biological resources in a sustainable manner,
Terms: biodiversité agricole, conservation, sustainable use
Concerned that biological diversity is being significantly reduced by certain human activities,
Terms: biodiversité agricole
Aware of the general lack of information and knowledge regarding biological diversity and of the urgent need to develop scientific, technical and institutional capacities to provide the basic understanding upon which to plan and implement appropriate measures,
Noting that it is vital to anticipate, prevent and attack the causes of significant reduction or loss of biological diversity at source,
Noting also that where there is a threat of significant reduction or loss of biological diversity, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing measures to avoid or minimize such a threat,
Terms: precautionary principle
Noting further that the fundamental requirement for the conservation of biological diversity is the in-situ conservation of ecosystems and natural habitats and the maintenance and recovery of viable populations of species in their natural surroundings,
Terms: conservation, ecosystem, conservation in situ
Noting further that ex-situ measures, preferably in the country of origin, also have an important role to play,
Terms: conservation, ex-situ conservation
Recognizing the close and traditional dependence of many indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles on biological resources, and the desirability of sharing equitably benefits arising from the use of traditional knowledge, innovations and practices relevant to the conservation of biological diversity and the sustainable use of its components,
Terms: accès aux ressources génétiques et partage des avantages, genetic resource, peuple autochtone, sustainable use
Recognizing also the vital role that women play in the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and affirming the need for the full participation of women at all levels of policy-making and implementation for biological diversity conservation,
Terms: accès à l'information, gender
Stressing the importance of, and the need to promote, international, regional and global cooperation among States and intergovernmental organizations and the non-governmental sector for the conservation of biological diversity and the sustainable use of its components
Terms: coopération internationale
Acknowledging that the provision of new and additional financial resources and appropriate access to relevant technologies can be expected to make a substantial difference in the world's ability to address the loss of biological diversity,
Terms: mécanisme financier, budget, technology transfer
Acknowledging further that special provision is required to meet the needs of developing countries, including the provision of new and additional financial resources and appropriate access to relevant technologies,
Terms: developing country, mécanisme financier, budget, technology transfer
Noting in this regard the special conditions of the least developed countries and small island States,
Terms: developing country
Acknowledging that substantial investments are required to conserve biological diversity and that there is the expectation of a broad range of environmental, economic and social benefits from those investments,
Terms: mécanisme financier, budget
Recognizing that economic and social development and poverty eradication are the first and overriding priorities of developing countries,
Terms: poverty, économie en transition, sustainable development
Aware that conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity is of critical importance for meeting the food, health and other needs of the growing world population, for which purpose access to and sharing of both genetic resources and technologies are essential,
Terms: accès aux ressources génétiques et partage des avantages, conservation, genetic resource, sustainable use
Noting that, ultimately, the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity will strengthen friendly relations among States and contribute to peace for humankind,
Desiring to enhance and complement existing international arrangements for the conservation of biological diversity and sustainable use of its components, and
Terms: synergie
Determined to conserve and sustainably use biological diversity for the benefit of present and future generations,
Terms: équité intragénérationnelle
Article 1. Objectives
SDG Goals:
Objectif 2Target 2.4Target 2.5Objectif 14Target 14.2Objectif 15Target 15.1Target 15.2Target 15.4Target 15.5Target 15.6Target 15.8Target 15.9Objectif 17Target 17.7
Terms: accès aux ressources génétiques et partage des avantages, accès aux ressources génétiques, partage des bénéfices, biodiversité agricole, conservation, sustainable use, technology transfer
The objectives of this Convention, to be pursued in accordance with its relevant provisions, are the conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources, including by appropriate access to genetic resources and by appropriate transfer of relevant technologies, taking into account all rights over those resources and to technologies,and by appropriate fundings.
Terms: accès aux ressources génétiques et partage des avantages, accès aux ressources génétiques, biodiversité agricole, conservation, genetic resource, sustainable use, technology transfer
Article 2. Use of Terms
For the purposes of this Convention:
"Biological diversity" means the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems.
Terms: biodiversité agricole, diversité biologique
"Biological resources" includes genetic resources, organisms or parts thereof, populations, or any other biotic component of ecosystems with actual or potential use or value for humanity.
Terms: genetic resource
"Biotechnology" means any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use.
Terms: biotechnologie
"Country of origin of genetic resources" means the country which possesses those genetic resources in in-situ conditions.
Terms: genetic resource, conservation in situ
"Country providing genetic resources" means the country supplying genetic resources collected from in-situ sources, including populations of both wild and domesticated species, or taken from ex-situ sources, which may or may not have originated in that country ...
Terms: ex-situ conservation, genetic resource, conservation in situ
"Domesticated or cultivated species' means species in which the evolutionary process has been influenced by humans to meet their needs.
"Ecosystem" means a dynamic complex of plant, animal and micro-organism communities and their non-living environment interacting as a functional unit.
Terms: ecosystem
"Ex-situ conservation" means the conservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats.
Terms: ex-situ conservation
"Genetic material" means any material of plant, animal, microbial or other origin containing functional units of heredity.
"Genetic resources" means genetic material of actual or potential value.
"Habitat" means the place or type of site where an organism or population naturally occurs.
"In-situ conditions" means conditions where genetic resources exist within ecosystems and natural habitats, and, in the case of domesticated or cultivated species, in the surroundings where they have developed their distinctive properties.
Terms: conservation in situ
"In-situ conservation" means the conservation of ecosystems and natural habitats and the maintenance and recovery of viable populations of species in their natural surroundings and, in the case of domesticated or cultivated species, in the surroundings where they have developed their distinctive properties,
Terms: conservation, conservation in situ
"Protected area" means a geographically defined area which is designated or regulated and managed to achieve specific conservation objectives.
Terms: protected area
"Regional economic integration organization" means an organization constituted by sovereign States of a given region, to which its member States have transferred competence in respect of matters governed by this Convention and which has been duly authorized, in accordance with its internal procedures, to sign, ratify, accept, approve or accede to it.
"Sustainable use" means the use of components of biological diversity in a way and at a rate that does not lead to the long-term decline of biological diversity, thereby maintaining its potential to meet the needs and aspirations of present and future generations
Terms: sustainable development, sustainable use
"Technology" includes biotechnology.
Article 3. Principle
States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental policies, and the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction.
Terms: prevention, souveraineté
Article 4. Jurisdictional Scope
Subject to the rights of other States, and except as otherwise expressly provided in this Convention, the provisions of this Convention apply, in relation to each Contracting Party:
(a) In the case of components of biological diversity, in areas within the limits of its national jurisdiction; and
(b) In the case of processes and activities, regardless of where their effects occur, carried out under its jurisdiction or control, within the area of its national jurisdiction or beyond the limits of national jurisdiction.
Article 5. Cooperation
Objectif 17Target 17.6
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate, cooperate with other Contracting Parties, directly or, where appropriate, through competent international organizations, in respect of areas beyond national jurisdiction and on other matters of mutual interest, for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.
Article 6. General Measures for Conservation and Sustainable Use
Objectif 14Objectif 15Target 15.5Target 15.9
Each Contracting Party shall, in accordance with its particular conditions and capabilities:
Target 15.9Target 17.18
(a) Develop national strategies, plans or programmes for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity or adapt for this purpose existing strategies, plans or programmes which shall reflect, inter alia, the measures set out in this Convention relevant to the Contracting Party concerned; and
Objectif 15Target 15.5Target 15.9
Terms: biodiversité agricole, stratégie nationale
(b) Integrate, as far as possible and as appropriate, the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity into relevant sectoral or cross-sectoral plans, programmes and policies.
Objectif 14Objectif 15Target 15.9
Article 7. Identification and Monitoring
Objectif 8Target 8.4Objectif 11Target 11.6Objectif 12Target 12.2Objectif 14Target 14.2Target 14.3Objectif 15Target 15.5
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate, in particular for the purposes of Articles 8 to 10:
(a) Identify components of biological diversity important for its conservation and sustainable use having regard to the indicative list of categories set down in Annex I;
Objectif 14Target 14.2Objectif 15Target 15.5
Terms: conservation, monitoring, evaluation, sustainable use
(b) Monitor, through sampling and other techniques, the components of biological diversity identified pursuant to subparagraph (a) above, paying particular attention to those requiring urgent conservation measures and those which offer the greatest potential for sustainable use;
(c) Identify processes and categories of activities which have or are likely to have significant adverse impacts on the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, and monitor their effects through sampling and other techniques; and
Objectif 8Target 8.4Objectif 11Target 11.6Objectif 12Target 12.2Objectif 14Target 14.3Objectif 15Target 15.5
Terms: biodiversité agricole, conservation, monitoring, evaluation, sustainable use
(d) Maintain and organize, by any mechanism data, derived from identification and monitoring activities pursuant to subparagraphs (a), (b) and (c) above
Target 17.18
Terms: monitoring, evaluation
Article 8. In-situ Conservation
Target 3.dObjectif 3Target 3.9Target 15.cObjectif 15Target 15.1Target 15.2Target 15.5Target 15.6Target 15.7Target 15.8Target 15.9Objectif 2Target 2.4Target 2.5Objectif 12Target 12.2Objectif 14Target 14.2Target 14.4Target 14.5Objectif 17Target 17.3
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate:
(a) Establish a system of protected areas or areas where special measures need to be taken to conserve biological diversity;
Terms: conservation, protected area
(b) Develop, where necessary, guidelines for the selection, establishment and management of protected areas or areas where special measures need to be taken to conserve biological diversity;
Terms: conservation in situ, protected area
(c) Regulate or manage biological resources important for the conservation of biological diversity whether within or outside protected areas, with a view to ensuring their conservation and sustainable use;
Objectif 12Target 12.2Target 14.5Objectif 15Target 15.2
Terms: conservation, conservation in situ, sustainable use
(d) Promote the protection of ecosystems, natural habitats and the maintenance of viable populations of species in natural surroundings;
Objectif 14Target 14.2Target 14.5Objectif 15Target 15.1Target 15.5
Terms: conservation, préservation des écosystèmes, protection des habitats, protection of species
(e) Promote environmentally sound and sustainable development in areas adjacent to protected areas with a view to furthering protection of these areas;
Terms: protected area, gestion saine de l’environnement, sustainable development
(f) Rehabilitate and restore degraded ecosystems and promote the recovery of threatened species, inter alia, through the development and implementation of plans or other management strategies;
Objectif 14Target 14.2Objectif 15Target 15.1Target 15.9
Terms: ecosystem, endangered species, stratégie nationale
(g) Establish or maintain means to regulate, manage or control the risks associated with the use and release of living modified organisms resulting from biotechnology which are likely to have adverse environmental impacts that could affect the conservation and sustainable use of biologival diversity, taking also into account the risks to human health.
Target 3.dObjectif 3Target 3.9Objectif 2Target 2.4Target 2.5Objectif 12Target 12.2Objectif 15Target 15.1
Terms: biotechnologie, organisme vivant modifié, risk assessment
(h) Prevent the introduction of, control or eradicate those alien species which threaten ecosystems, habitats or species;
Terms: espèce exotique
(i) Endeavour to provide the conditions needed for compatibility between present uses and the conservation of biological diversity and the sustainable use of its components;
Target 15.bObjectif 15Target 15.1Objectif 14Target 14.4
Terms: conservation, équité intragénérationnelle, sustainable use
(j) Subject to its national legislation, respect, preserve and maintain knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles relevant for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and promote their wider application with the approval and involvement of the holders of such knowledge, innovations and practices and encourage the equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of such knowledge, innovations and practices;
Objectif 2Target 2.5Objectif 15Target 15.6
Terms: partage des bénéfices, genetic resource, peuple autochtone
(k) Develop or maintain necessary legislation and/or other regulatory provisions for the protection of threatened species and populations;
Target 15.cObjectif 15Target 15.5Target 15.7
Terms: endangered species, réforme du droit, species
(l) Where a significant adverse effect on biological diversity has been determined pursuant to Article 7, regulate or manage the relevant processes and categories of activities; and
Terms: réforme du droit
(m) Cooperate in providing financial and other support for in-situ conservation outlined in subparagraphs (a) to (l) above, particularly to developing countries.
Target 15.aObjectif 15Objectif 17Target 17.3
Terms: developing country, mécanisme financier, budget, conservation in situ, coopération internationale
Article 9. Ex-situ Conservation
Target 2.aObjectif 2Target 2.5Target 14.aObjectif 14Target 15.bObjectif 15Target 15.5Objectif 17Target 17.3Target 17.7
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate, and predominantly for the purpose of complementing in-situ measures:
Target 17.16Target 17.3
Terms: accès aux ressources génétiques et partage des avantages, partage des bénéfices, budget, conservation, ecosystem, endangered species, mécanisme financier, genetic resource
(a) Adopt measures for the ex-situ conservation of components of biological diversity, preferably in the country of origin of such components;
Target 2.5Objectif 15Target 15.5
(b) Establish and maintain facilities for ex-situ conservation of and research on plants, animals and micro- organisms, preferably in the country of origin of genetic resources;
Target 2.aObjectif 2Target 2.5Target 14.aObjectif 14
Terms: conservation, ex-situ conservation, genetic resource, enforcement, ressource phytogénétique, ressource génétique pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture
(c) Adopt measures for the recovery and rehabilitation of threatened species and for their reintroduction into their natural habitats under appropriate conditions;
Terms: endangered species, species
(d) Regulate and manage collection of biological resources from natural habitats for ex-situ conservation purposes so as not to threaten ecosystems and in-situ populations of species, except where special temporary ex-situ measures are required under subparagraph (c) above; and
Terms: ecosystem, ex-situ conservation, réforme du droit
(e) Cooperate in providing financial and other support for ex-situ conservation outlined in subparagraphs (a) to (d) above and in the establishment and maintenance of ex- situ conservation facilities in developing countries.
Target 2.aObjectif 2Target 15.bObjectif 15Objectif 17Target 17.3Target 17.7
Terms: budget, renforcement des capacités, developing country, ex-situ conservation, mécanisme financier
Article 10. Sustainable Use of Components of Biological Diversity
Objectif 2Target 2.1Objectif 12Target 12.2Objectif 14Target 14.4Objectif 15Target 15.9
(a) Integrate consideration of the conservation and sustainable use of biological resources into national decision-making;
Terms: conservation, stratégie nationale, sustainable use
(b) Adopt measures relating to the use of biological resources to avoid or minimize adverse impacts on biological diversity;
Terms: genetic resource, stratégie nationale
(c) Protect and encourage customary use of biological resources in accordance with traditional cultural practices that are compatible with conservation or sustainable use requirements;
Terms: peuple autochtone, sustainable use
(d) Support local populations to develop and implement remedial action in degraded areas where biological diversity has been reduced; and
Terms: peuple autochtone
(e) Encourage cooperation between its governmental authorities and its private sector in developing methods for sustainable use of biological resources.
Terms: genetic resource, private sector, trade, sustainable use
Article 11. Incentive Measures
Target 14.bTarget 14.4Target 14.6Target 14.7Target 2.4Target 2.5Target 12.2Target 12.3Target 12.7Objectif 15Target 15.5Target 15.6Target 15.9
Each Contracting Party shall, as far as possible and as appropriate, adopt economically and socially sound measures that act as incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of components of biological diversity.
Terms: economic instrument, stratégie nationale, gestion saine de l’environnement, sustainable use
Article 12. Research and Training
Target 14.aObjectif 14Objectif 12Target 12.8Objectif 17Target 17.18Target 17.6Target 17.9
The Contracting Parties, taking into account the special needs of developing countries, shall:
(a) Establish and maintain programmes for scientific and technical education and training in measures for the identification, conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and its components and provide support for such education and training for the specific needs of developing countries;
Objectif 12Target 12.8Objectif 17Target 17.18Target 17.9
Terms: renforcement des capacités, monitoring, evaluation, science
(b) Promote and encourage research which contributes to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, particularly in developing countries, inter alia, in accordance with decisions of the Conference of the Parties taken in consequence of recommendations of the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice; and
Terms: developing country, science, organe subsidiaire, technology
(c) In keeping with the provisions of Articles 16, 18 and 20, promote and cooperate in the use of scientific advances in biological diversity research in developing methods for conservation and sustainable use of biological resources.
Terms: renforcement des capacités, coopération internationale, science, organe subsidiaire, organe consultatif
Article 13. Public Education and Awareness
The Contracting Parties shall:
(a) Promote and encourage understanding of the importance of, and the measures required for, the conservation of biological diversity, as well as its propagation through media, and the inclusion of these topics in educational programmes; and
Terms: biodiversité agricole, conservation, renforcement des capacités
(b) Cooperate, as appropriate, with other States and international organizations in developing educational and public awareness programmes, with respect to conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity
Terms: renforcement des capacités, coopération internationale
Article 14. Impact Assessment and Minimizing Adverse Impacts
Target 5.aObjectif 5Target 11.bObjectif 11Target 11.6Objectif 2Target 2.4Objectif 12Target 12.7Objectif 13Target 13.1Objectif 14Target 14.2Objectif 15Target 15.5Target 15.9Objectif 16Target 16.10Target 16.7Objectif 17Target 17.14Target 17.15
1. Each Contracting Party, as far as possible and as appropriate, shall:
(a) Introduce appropriate procedures requiring environmental impact assessment of its proposed projects that are likely to have significant adverse effects on biological diversity with a view to avoiding or minimizing such effects and, where appropriate, allow for public participation in such procedures;
Target 5.aObjectif 5Objectif 11Target 11.6Objectif 12Target 12.7Objectif 14Target 14.2Objectif 15Target 15.9Objectif 16Target 16.10Target 16.7
Terms: environmental impact assessment, public participation
(b) Introduce appropriate arrangements to ensure that the environmental consequences of its programmes and policies that are likely to have significant adverse impacts on biological diversity are duly taken into account;
Terms: biodiversité agricole, environmental impact assessment
(c) Promote, on the basis of reciprocity, notification, exchange of information and consultation on activities under their jurisdiction or control which are likely to significantly affect adversely the biological diversity of other States or areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction, by encouraging the conclusion of bilateral, regional or multilateral arrangements, as appropriate;
Objectif 17Target 17.15
Terms: accès à l'information, obligation de notification, prevention, synergie
(d) In the case of imminent or grave danger or damage, originating under its jurisdiction or control, to biological diversity within the area under jurisdiction of other States or in areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction, notify immediately the potentially affected States of such danger or damage, as well as initiate action to prevent or minimize such danger or damage; and
Objectif 15Target 15.5Objectif 17Target 17.14Target 17.15
Terms: obligation de notification, prevention
(e) Promote national arrangements for emergency responses to activities or events, whether caused naturally or otherwise, which present a grave and imminent danger to biological diversity and encourage international cooperation to supplement such national efforts and, where appropriate and agreed by the States or regional economic integration organizations concerned, to establish joint contingency plans.
Target 11.bObjectif 11Objectif 2Target 2.4Objectif 13Target 13.1Objectif 15Target 15.5Target 15.9
Terms: disaster, coopération internationale
2. The Conference of the Parties shall examine, on the basis of studies to be carried out, the issue of liability and redress, including restoration and compensation, for damage to biological diversity, except where such liability is a purely internal matter.
Terms: environmental damage, liability, compensation
Article 15. Access to Genetic Resources
Objectif 2Target 2.5Objectif 15Target 15.6Objectif 17Target 17.15Target 17.5Target 17.6Target 17.9
Terms: accès aux ressources génétiques
1. Recognizing the sovereign rights of States over their natural resources, the authority to determine access to genetic resources rests with the national governments and is subject to national legislation.
Objectif 15Target 15.6Objectif 17Target 17.15
Terms: accès aux ressources génétiques, souveraineté
2. Each Contracting Party shall endeavour to create conditions to facilitate access to genetic resources for environmentally sound uses by other Contracting Parties and not to impose restrictions that run counter to the objectives of this Convention.
Objectif 2Target 2.5Objectif 15Target 15.6Objectif 17Target 17.5Target 17.6Target 17.9
Terms: genetic resource, sustainable use
3. For the purpose of this Convention, the genetic resources being provided by a Contracting Party, as referred to in this Article and Articles 16 and 19, are only those that are provided by Contracting Parties that are countries of origin of such resources or by Parties that have acquired the genetic resources in accordance with the Convention
4. Access, where granted, shall be on mutually agreed terms and subject to the provisions of this Article.
Terms: modalité mutuellement convenue
5. Access to genetic resources shall be subject to prior informed consent of the Contracting Party providing such resources, unless otherwise determined by that Party.
Terms: prior informed consent, commerce illicite
6. Each Contracting Party shall endeavour to develop and carry out scientific research based on genetic resources provided by other Contracting Parties with the full participation of, and where possible in, such Contracting Parties.
Terms: coopération internationale, science, organe subsidiaire, organe consultatif
7. Each Contracting Party shall take legislative, administrative or policy measures, as appropriate, and in accordance with Articles 16 and 19 and, where necessary, through the financial mechanism established by Articles 20 and 21 with the aim of sharing in a fair and equitable way the results of research and development and the benefits arising from the commercial and other utilization of genetic resources with the Contracting Party providing such resources. Such sharing shall be upon mutually agreed terms.
Terms: accès aux ressources génétiques et partage des avantages, mécanisme financier, budget, genetic resource, modalité mutuellement convenue, stratégie nationale, réforme du droit, science
Article 16. Access to and Transfer of Technology
Objectif 15Target 15.6Objectif 17Target 17.6Target 17.7Target 17.8
1. Each Contracting Party, recognizing that technology includes biotechnology, and that both access to and transfer of technology among Contracting Parties are essential elements for the attainment of the objectives of this Convention, undertakes subject to the provisions of this Article to provide and/or facilitate access for and transfer to other Contracting Parties of technologies that are relevant to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity or make use of genetic resources and do not cause significant damage to the environment.
Terms: biotechnologie, genetic resource, technology, technology transfer
2. Access to and transfer of technology referred to in paragraph 1 above to developing countries shall be provided and/or facilitated under fair and most favourable terms, including on concessional and preferential terms where mutually agreed, and, where necessary, in accordance with the financial mechanism established by Articles 20 and 21. In the case of technology subject to patents and other intellectual property rights, such access and transfer shall be provided on terms which recognize and are consistent with the adequate and effective protection of intellectual property rights. The application of this paragraph shall be consistent with paragraphs 3, 4 and 5 below.
Terms: developing country, droit de propriété intellectuelle, technology, technology transfer
3. Each Contracting Party shall take legislative, administrative or policy measures, as appropriate, with the aim that Contracting Parties, in particular those that are developing countries, which provide genetic resources are provided access to and transfer of technology which makes use of those resources, on mutually agreed terms, including technology protected by patents and other intellectual property rights, where necessary, through the provisions of Articles 20 and 21 and in accordance with international law and consistent with paragraphs 4 and 5 below.
Terms: developing country, droit de propriété intellectuelle, modalité mutuellement convenue, réforme du droit, stratégie nationale, technology, technology transfer
4. Each Contracting Party shall take legislative, administrative or policy measures, as appropriate, with the aim that the private sector facilitates access to, joint development and transfer of technology referred to in paragraph 1 above for the benefit of both governmental institutions and the private sector of developing countries and in this regard shall abide by the obligations included in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 above.
Objectif 17Target 17.6Target 17.7Target 17.8
Terms: developing country, private sector, science, technology, technology transfer, trade
5. The Contracting Parties, recognizing that patents and other intellectual property rights may have an influence on the implementation of this Convention, shall cooperate in this regard subject to national legislation and international law in order to ensure that such rights are supportive of and do not run counter to its objectives.
Terms: droit de propriété intellectuelle, coopération internationale, technology
Article 17. Exchange of Information
Objectif 16Target 16.10Target 16.6Target 16.7
1. The Contracting Parties shall facilitate the exchange of information, from all publicly available sources, relevant to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, taking into account the special needs of developing countries.
Terms: developing country, accès à l'information
2. Such exchange of information shall include exchange of results of technical, scientific and socio-economic research, as well as information on training and surveying programmes, specialized knowledge, indigenous and traditional knowledge as such and in combination with the technologies referred to in Article 16, paragraph 1. It shall also, where feasible, include repatriation of information.
Terms: accès à l'information, organe subsidiaire, organe consultatif, science, technology, indigenous knowledge
Article 18. Technical and Scientific Cooperation
Objectif 17Target 17.16Target 17.17Target 17.6Target 17.7Target 17.9
1. The Contracting Parties shall promote international technical and scientific cooperation in the field of conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, where necessary, through the appropriate international and national institutions.
Terms: organe consultatif, coopération internationale, science, organe subsidiaire, synergie, technology
2. Each Contracting Party shall promote technical and scientific cooperation with other Contracting Parties, in particular developing countries, in implementing this Convention, inter alia, through the development and implementation of national policies. In promoting such cooperation, special attention should be given to the development and strengthening of national capabilities, by means of human resources development and institution building.
Terms: renforcement des capacités, developing country, coopération internationale, stratégie nationale
3. The Conference of the Parties, at its first meeting, shall determine how to establish a clearing-house mechanism to promote and facilitate technical and scientific cooperation.
Terms: information exchange, radiation, accès à l'information, coopération internationale, organe subsidiaire, organe consultatif, science, technology
4. The Contracting Parties shall, in accordance with national legislation and policies, encourage and develop methods of cooperation for the development and use of technologies, including indigenous and traditional technologies, in pursuance of the objectives of this Convention. For this purpose, the Contracting Parties shall also promote cooperation in the training of personnel and exchange of experts.
Objectif 17Target 17.16Target 17.17Target 17.7Target 17.9
Terms: organe consultatif, renforcement des capacités, indigenous knowledge, peuple autochtone, coopération internationale, science, organe subsidiaire, technology
5. The Contracting Parties shall, subject to mutual agreement, promote the establishment of joint research programmes and joint ventures for the development of technologies relevant to the objectives of this Convention.
Terms: coopération internationale, science, technology
Article 19. Handling of Biotechnology and Distribution of its Benefits
Objectif 2Target 2.5Objectif 15Target 15.6Objectif 16Target 16.10Target 16.6Target 16.7
1. Each Contracting Party shall take legislative, administrative or policy measures, as appropriate, to provide for the effective participation in biotechnological research activities by those Contracting Parties, especially developing countries,which provide the genetic resources for such research, and where feasible in such Contracting Parties.
Terms: biotechnologie, developing country, genetic resource, réforme du droit, science, organe subsidiaire, organe consultatif
2. Each Contracting Party shall take all practicable measures to promote and advance priority access on a fair and equitable basis by Contracting Parties, especially developing countries, to the results and benefits arising from biotechnologies based upon genetic resources provided by those Contracting Parties. Such access shall be on mutually agreed terms.
Terms: accès aux ressources génétiques et partage des avantages, biotechnologie, genetic resource, modalité mutuellement convenue
3. The Parties shall consider the need for and modalities of a protocol setting out appropriate procedures, including, in particular, advance informed agreement, in the field of the safe transfer, handling and use of any living modified organism resulting from biotechnology that may have adverse effect on the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.
Terms: biotechnologie, organisme vivant modifié, protocol, commerce illicite
4. Each Contracting Party shall, directly or by requiring any natural or legal person under its jurisdiction providing the organisms referred to in paragraph 3 above, provide any available information about the use and safety regulations required by that Contracting Party in handling such organisms, as well as any available information on the potential adverse impact of the specific organisms concerned to the Contracting Party into which those organisms are to be introduced.
Terms: accès à l'information, organisme vivant modifié, commerce illicite
Article 20. Financial Resources
Target 15.bObjectif 15Objectif 17Target 17.3
1. Each Contracting Party undertakes to provide, in accordance with its capabilities, financial support and incentives in respect of those national activities which are intended to achieve the objectives of this Convention, in accordance with its national plans, priorities amd programmes.
Terms: mécanisme financier, budget, stratégie nationale
2. The developed country Parties shall provide new and additional financial resources to enable developing country Parties to meet the agreed full incremental costs to them of implementing measures which fulfill the obligations of this Convention and to benefit from its provisions and which costs are agreed between a developing country Party and the institutional structure referred to in Article 21, in accordance with policy, strategy, programme priorities and eligibility criteria and an indicative list of incremental costs established by the Conference of the Parties. Other Parties, including countries undergoing the process of transition to a market economy, may voluntarily assume the obligations of the developed country Parties. For the purpose of this Article, the Conference of the Parties, shall at its first meeting establish a list of developed country Parties and other Parties which voluntarily assume the obligations of the developed country Parties. The Conference of the Parties shall periodically review and if necessary amend the list. Contributions from other countries and sources on a voluntary basis would also be encouraged. The implementation of these commitments shall take into account the need of adequacy, predictability and timely flow of funds and the importance of burden-sharing among the contributing Parties included in the list.
Terms: developed country, économie en transition, mécanisme financier, budget
3. The developed country Parties may also provide, and developing country Parties avail themselves of, financial resources related to the implementation of this Convention through bilateral, regional and other multilateral channels.
Terms: developed country, developing country, mécanisme financier, budget
4. The extent to which developing country Parties will effectively implement their commitments under this Convention will depend on the effective implementation by developed country Parties of their commitments under this Convention related to financial resources and transfer of technology and will take fully into account the fact that economic and social development and eradication of poverty are the first and overriding priorities of the developing country Parties.
Target 17.18Target 17.19
Terms: developed country, mécanisme financier, budget, poverty, sustainable development, technology transfer
5. The Parties shall take full account of the specific needs and special situation of least developed countries in their actions with regard to funding and transfer of technology.
Terms: mécanisme financier, budget, vulnerability, responsabilités communes mais différenciées, technology transfer
6. The Contracting Parties shall also take into consideration the special conditions resulting from the dependence on, distribution and location of. biological diversity within developing country Parties, in particular small island States.
Terms: responsabilités communes mais différenciées
7. Consideration shall also be given to the special situation of developing countries, including those that are most environmentally vulnerable, such as those with arid and semi- arid zones, coastal and mountainous areas.
Terms: responsabilités communes mais différenciées, vulnerability
Article 21. Financial Mechanism
1. There shall be a mechanism for the provision of financial resources to developing country Parties for purposes of this Convention on a grant or concessional basis the essential elements of which are described in this Article. The mechanism shall function under the authority and guidance of, and be accountable to, the Conference of the Parties for purposes of this Convention. The operations of the mechanism shall be carried out by such institutional structure as may be decided upon by the Conference of the Parties at its first meeting. For purposes of this Convention, the Conference of the Parties shall determine the policy, strategy, programme priorities and eligibility criteria relating to the access to and utilization of such resources. The contributions shall be such as to take into account the need for predictability, adequacy and timely flow of funds referred to in Article 20 in accordance with the amount of resources needed to be decided periodically by the Conference of the Parties and the importance of burden-sharing among the contributing Parties included in the list referred to in Article 20, paragraph 2. Voluntary contributions may also be made by the developed country Parties and by other countries and sources. The mechanism shall operate within a democratic and transparent system of governance.
2. Pursuant to the objectives of this Convention, the Conference of the Parties shall at its first meeting determine the policy, strategy and programme priorities, as well as detailed criteria and guidelines for eligibility for access to and utilization of the financial resources including monitoring and evaluation on a regular basis of such utilization. The Conference of the Parties shall decide on the arrangements to give effect to paragraph 1 above after consultation with the institutional structure entrusted with the operation of the financial mechanism.
Terms: radiation, mécanisme financier, budget
3. The Conference of the Parties shall review the effectiveness of the mechanism established under this Article, including the criteria and guidelines referred to in paragraph 2 above, not less than two years after the entry into force of this Convention and thereafter on a regular basis. Based on such review, it shall take appropriate action to improve the effectiveness of the mechanism if necessary.
4. The Contracting Parties shall consider strengthening existing financial institutions to provide financial resources for the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity.
Article 22. Relationship with Other International Conventions
Target 14.cObjectif 14Target 14.2Objectif 17Target 17.15
1. The provisions of this Convention shall not affect the rights and obligations of any Contracting Party deriving from any existing international agreement, except where the exercise of those rights and obligations would cause a serious damage or threat to biological diversity.
Terms: synergie, international agreement, règlement intérieur
2. Contracting Parties shall implement this Convention with respect to the marine environment consistently with the rights and obligations of States under the law of the sea.
Target 14.cObjectif 14Target 14.2
Article 23. Conference of the Parties
1. A Conference of the Parties is hereby established. The first meeting of the Conference of the Parties shall be convened by the Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme not later than one year after the entry into force of this Convention. Thereafter, ordinary meetings of the Conference of the Parties shall be held at regular intervals to be determined by the Conference at its first meeting.
Terms: Conférence des Parties, règlement intérieur
2. Extraordinary meetings of the Conference of the Parties shall be held at such other times as may be deemed necessary by the Conference, or at the written request of any Party, provided that, within six months of the request being communicated to them by the Secretariat, it is supported by at least one third of the Parties
Terms: réunion extraordinaire de la Conférence des Parties, règlement intérieur, secrétariat
3. The Conference of the Parties shall by consensus agree upon and adopt rules of procedure for itself and for any subsidiary body it may establish, as well as financial rules governing the funding of the Secretariat. At each ordinary meeting, it shall adopt a budget for the financial period until the next ordinary meeting.
Terms: règlement intérieur
4. The Conference of the Parties shall keep under review the implementation of this Convention, and, for this purpose, shall:
Terms: implementation
(a) Establish the form and the intervals for transmitting the information to be submitted in accordance with Article 26 and consider such information as well as reports submitted by any subsidiary body;
Terms: rapport national, organe subsidiaire
(b) Review scientific, technical and technological advice on biological diversity provided in accordance with article 25;
Terms: organe subsidiaire
(c) Consider and adopt, as required, protocols in accordance with Article 28;
Terms: Conférence des Parties, protocol
(d) Consider and adopt, as required, in accordance with Articles 29 and 30, amendments to this Convention and its annexes;
Terms: procédure d’amendement, Conférence des Parties
(e) Consider amendments to any protocol, as well as to any annexes thereto, and, if so decided, recommend their adoption to the parties to the protocol concerned;
Terms: procédure d’amendement, protocol
(f) Consider and adopt, as required, in accordance with Article 30, additional annexes to this Convention;
Terms: Conférence des Parties
(g) Establish such subsidiary bodies, particularly to provide scientific and technical advice, as are deemed necessary for the implementation of this Convention;
Terms: Conférence des Parties, organe subsidiaire
(h) Contact, through the Secretariat, the executive bodies of conventions dealing with matters covered by this Convention with a view to establishing appropriate forms of cooperation with them; and
Terms: règlement intérieur, synergie, secrétariat
(i) Consider and undertake any additional action that may be required for the achievement of the purposes of this Convention in the light of experience gained in its operation.
5. The United Nations, its specialized agencies and the International Atomic Energy Agency, as well as any State not Party to this Convention, may be represented as observers at meetings of the Conference of the Parties. Any other body or agency, whether governmental or non-governmental, qualified in fields relating to conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, which has informed the Secretariat of its wish to be represented as an observer at a meeting of the Conference of the Parties, may be admitted unless at least one third of the Parties present object. The admission and participation of observers shall be subject to the rules of procedure adopted by the Conference of the Parties.
Terms: Conférence des Parties, organisation non-gouvernementale, observateur, règlement intérieur, secrétariat
Article 24. Secretariat
Terms: secrétariat
1. A secretariat is hereby established. Its functions shall be:
(a) To arrange for and service meetings of the Conference of the Parties provided for in Article 23;
(b) To perform the functions assigned to it by any protocol;
(c) To prepare reports on the execution of its functions under this Convention and present them to the Conference of the Parties;
(d) To coordinate with other relevant international bodies and, in particular to enter into such administrative and contractual arrangements as may be required for the effective discharge of its functions; and
(e) To perform such other functions as may be determined by the Conference of the Parties.
2.At its first ordinary meeting, the Conference of the Parties shall designate the secretariat from amongst those existing competent international organizations which have signified their willingness to carry out the secretariat functions under this Convention.
Article 25. Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice
1. A subsidiary body for the provision of scientific, technical and technological advice is hereby established to provide the Conference of the Parties and, as appropriate, its other subsidiary bodies with timely advice relating to the implementation of this Convention. This body shall be open to participation by all Parties and shall be multidisciplinary. It shall comprise government representatives competent in the relevant field of expertise. It shall report regularly to the Conference of the Parties on all aspects of its work.
2. Under the authority of and in accordance with guidelines laid down by the Conference of the Parties, and upon its request, this body shall:
Terms: organe subsidiaire, organe consultatif, science, technology transfer
(a) Provide scientific and technical assessments of the status of biological diversity;
Terms: organe subsidiaire, organe consultatif, science, technology
(b) Prepare scientific and technical assessments of the effects of types of measures taken in accordance with the provisions of this Convention;
Terms: organe subsidiaire, organe consultatif, science
(c) Identify innovative, efficient and state-of-the-art technologies and know-how relating to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and advise on the ways and means of promoting development and/or transferring such technologies;
Terms: technology
(d) Provide advice on scientific programmes and international cooperation in research and development related to conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity; and
Terms: coopération internationale, science, organe subsidiaire
(e) Respond to scientific, technical, technological and methodological questions that the Conference of the Parties and its subsidiary bodies may put to the body.
3. The functions, terms of reference, organization and operation of this body may be further elaborated by the Conference of the Parties.
Article 26. Reports
Each Contracting Party shall, at intervals to be determined by the Conference of the Parties, present to the Conference of the Parties, reports on measures which it has taken for the implementation of the provisions of this Convention and their effectiveness in meeting the objectives of this Convention.
Terms: rapport national
Article 27. Settlement of Disputes
1. In the event of a dispute between Contracting Parties concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention, the parties concerned shall seek solution by negotiation.
Terms: règlement des différends
2. If the parties concerned cannot reach agreement by negotiation, they may jointly seek the good offices of, or request mediation by, a third party.
3. When ratifying, accepting, approving or acceding to this Convention, or at any time thereafter, a State or regional economic integration organization may declare in writing to the Depositary that for a dispute not resolved in accordance with paragraph 1 and paragraph 2 above, it accepts one or both of the following means of dispute settlement as compulsory:
(a) Arbitration in accordance with the procedure laid down in Part 1 of Annex II;
(b) Submission of the dispute to the International Court of Justice.
4. If the parties to the dispute have not, in accordance with paragraph 3 above, accepted the same or any procedure, the dispute shall be submitted to conciliation in accordance with Part 2 of Annex II unless the parties otherwise agree.
5. The provisions of this Article shall apply with respect to any protocol except as otherwise provided in the protocol concerned.
Article 28. Adoption of Protocols
Terms: adoption, protocol
1. The Contracting Parties shall cooperate in the formulation and adoption of protocols to this Convention.
Terms: protocol
2. Protocols shall be adopted at a meeting of the Conference of the Parties.
3. The text of any proposed protocol shall be communicated to the Contracting Parties by the Secretariat at least six months before such a meeting.
Article 29. Amendment of the Convention or Protocols
1. Amendments to this Convention may be proposed by any Contracting Party. Amendments to any protocol may be proposed by any Party to that protocol.
2. Amendments to this Convention shall be adopted at a meeting of the Conference of the Parties. Amendments to any protocol shall be adopted at a meeting of the Parties to the Protocol in question. The text of any proposed amendment to this Convention or to any protocol, except as may otherwise be provided in such protocol, shall be communicated to the Parties to the instrument in question by the secretariat at least six months before the meeting at which it is proposed for adoption. The secretariat shall also communicate proposed amendments to the signatories to this Convention for information.
Terms: Conférence des Parties, secrétariat
3. The Parties shall make every effort to reach agreement on any proposed amendment to this Convention or to any protocol by consensus. If all efforts at consensus have been exhausted, and no agreement reached, the amendment shall as a last resort be adopted by a two-third majority vote of the Parties to the instrument in question present and voting at the meeting, and shall be submitted by the Depositary to all Parties for ratification, acceptance or approval.
Terms: procédure d’amendement
4. Ratification, acceptance or approval of amendments shall be notified to the Depositary in writing. Amendments adopted in accordance with paragraph 3 above shall enter into force among Parties having accepted them on the ninetieth day after the deposit of instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval by at least two thirds of the Contracting Parties to this Convention or of the Parties to the protocol concerned, except as may otherwise be provided in such protocol. Thereafter the amendments shall enter into force for any other Party on the ninetieth day after that Party deposits its instrument of ratification, acceptance or approval of the amendments.
Terms: acceptation, procédure d’amendement, entrée en vigueur, ratification
Article 30. Adoption and Amendment of Annexes
Terms: adoption, amendement, procédure d’amendement, annexe
1. The annexes to this Convention or to any protocol shall form an integral part of the Convention or of such protocol, as the case may be, and, unless expressly provided otherwise, a reference to this Convention or its protocols constitutes at the same time a reference to any annexes thereto. Such annexes shall be restricted to procedural, scientific, technical and administrative matters.
Terms: procédure d’amendement, annexe, amendement
2. Except as may be otherwise provided in any protocol with respect to its annexes, the following procedure shall apply to the proposal, adoption and entry into force of additional annexes to this Convention or of annexes to any protocol:
(a) Annexes to this Convention or to any protocol shall be proposed and adopted according to the procedure laid down in Article 29;
(b) Any Party that is unable to approve an additional annex to this Convention or an annex to any protocol to which it is Party shall so notify the Depositary, in writing, within one year from the date of the communication of the adoption by the Depositary. The Depositary shall without delay notify all Parties of any such notification received. A Party may at any time withdraw a previous declaration of objection and the annexes shall thereupon enter into force for that Party subject to subparagraph (c) below;
(c) On the expiry of one year from the date of the communication of the adoption by the Depositary, the annex shall enter into force for all Parties to this Convention or to any protocol concerned which have not submitted a notification in accordance with the provisions of subparagraph (b) above.
3. The proposal, adoption and entry into force of amendments to annexes to this Convention or to any protocol shall be subject to the same procedure as for the proposal, adoption and entry into force of annexes to the Convention or annexes to any protocol,
4. If an additional annex or an amendment to an annex is related to an amendment to this Convention or to any protocol, the additional annex or amendment shall not enter into force until such time as the amendment to the Convention or to the protocol concerned enters into force.
Article 31. Right to Vote
1. Except as provided for in paragraph 2 below, each Contracting Party to this Convention or to any protocol shall have one vote.
2. Regional economic integration organizations, in matters within their competence, shall exercise their right to vote with a number of votes equal to the number of their member States which are Contracting Parties to this Convention or the relevant protocol. Such organizations shall not exercise their right to vote if their member States exercise theirs, and vice versa.
Article 32. Relationship between this Convention and Its Protocols
1. A State or a regional economic integration organization may not become a Party to a protocol unless it is, or becomes at the same time, a Contracting Party to this Convention.
Terms: non partie, observateur
2. Decisions under any protocol shall be taken only by the Parties to the protocol concerned. Any Contracting Party that has not ratified, accepted or approved a protocol may participate as an observer in any meeting of the parties to that protocol.
Article 33. Signature
This Convention shall be open for signature at Rio de Janeiro by all States and any regional economic integration organization from 5 June 1992 until 14 June 1992, and at the United Nations Headquarters in New York from 15 June 1992 to 4 June 1993.
Terms: entrée en vigueur, ratification, signature
Article 34. Ratification, Acceptance or Approval
1. This Convention and any protocol shall be subject to ratification, acceptance or approval by States and by regional economic integration organizations. Instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval shall be deposited with the Depositary.
2. Any organization referred to in paragraph 1 above which becomes a Contracting Party to this Convention or any protocol without any of its member States being a Contracting Party shall be bound by all the obligations under the Convention or the protocol, as the case may be. In the case of such organizations, one or more of whose member States is a Contracting Party to this Convention or relevant protocol, the organization and its member States shall decide on their respective responsibilities for the performance of their obligations under the Convention or protocol, as the case may be. In such cases, the organization and the member States shall not be entitled to exercise rights under the Convention or relevant protocol concurrently.
3. In their instruments of ratification, acceptance or approval, the organizations referred to in paragraph 1 above shall declare the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by the Convention or the relevant protocol. These organizations shall also inform the Depositary of any relevant modification in the extent of their competence.
Article 35. Accession
1. This Convention and any protocol shall be open for accession by States and by regional economic integration organizations from the date on which the Convention or the protocol concerned is closed for signature. The instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Depositary.
Terms: adhésion
2. In their instruments of accession, the organizations referred to in paragraph 1 above shall declare the extent of their competence with respect to the matters governed by the Convention or the relevant protocol. These organizations shall also inform the Depositary of any relevant modification in the extend of their competence.
3. The provisions of Article 34, paragraph 2, shall apply to regional economic integration organizations which accede to this Convention or any protocol.
Article 36. Entry Into Force
1. This Convention shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of deposit of the thirtieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
Terms: entrée en vigueur, ratification
2. Any protocol shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of deposit of the number of instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, specified in that protocol, has been deposited.
Terms: acceptation, adhésion, entrée en vigueur, ratification
3. For each Contracting Party which ratifies, accepts or approves this Convention or accedes thereto after the deposit of the thirtieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, it shall enter into force on the ninetieth day after the date of deposit by such Contracting Party of its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession.
4. Any protocol, except as otherwise provided in such protocol, shall enter into force for a Contracting Party that ratifies, accepts or approves that protocol or accedes thereto after its entry into force pursuant to paragraph 2 above, on the ninetieth day after the date on which that Contracting Party deposits its instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval or accession, or on the date on which this Convention enters into force for that Contracting Party, whichever shall be the later.
5. For the purposes of paragraphs 1 and 2 above, any instrument deposited by a regional economic integration organization shall not be counted as additional to those deposited by member States of such organization.
Article 37. Reservations
No reservations may be made to this Convention.
Article 38. Withdrawals
1. At any time after two years from the date on which this Convention has entered into force for a Contracting Party, that Contracting Party may withdraw from the Convention by giving written notification to the Depositary.
Terms: retrait
2. Any such withdrawal shall take place upon expiry of one year after the date of its receipt by the Depositary, or on such later date as may be specified in the notification of the withdrawal.
3. Any Contracting Party which withdraws from this Convention shall be considered as also having withdrawn from any protocol to which it is party
Article 39. Financial Interim Arrangements
Provided that it has been fully restructured in accordance with the requirements of Article 21, the Global Environment Facility of the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Environment Programme and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development shall be the institutional structure referred to in Article 21 on an interim basis, for the period between the entry into force of this Convention and the first meeting of the Conference of the Parties or until the Conference of the Parties decides which institutional structure will be designated in accordance with Article 21
Terms: mécanisme financier, budget, synergie
Article 40. Secretariat Interim Arrangements
The secretariat to be provided by the Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme shall be the secretariat referred to in Article 24, paragraph 2, on an interim basis for the period between the entry into force of this Convention and the first meeting of the Conference of the Parties.
Article 41. Depositary
The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall assume the functions of Depositary of this Convention and any protocols.
Terms: dépositaire, entrée en vigueur, secrétariat
Article 42. Authentic texts
The original of this Convention, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary- General of the United Nations.
Terms: dépositaire
IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized to that effect, have signed this Convention.
Done at Rio de Janeiro on this fifth day of June, one thousand nine hundred and ninety- two.
Annex I. Identification and Monitoring
1. Ecosystems and habitats: containing high diversity, large numbers of endemic or threatened species, or wilderness; required by migratory species; of social, economic, cultural or scientific importance; or, which are representative, unique or associated with key evolutionary or other biological processes;
2. Species and communities which are: threatened; wild relatives of domesticated or cultivated species; of medicinal, agricultural or other economic value; or social, scientific or cultural importance; or importance for research into the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, such as indicator species; and
3. Described genomes and genes of social, scientific or economic importance.
Annex II - Part 1. Arbitration
The claimant party shall notify the secretariat that the parties are referring a dispute to arbitration pursuant to Article 27. The notification shall state the subject-matter of arbitration and include, in particular, the articles of the Convention or the protocol, the interpretation or application of which are at issue. If the parties do not agree on the subject matter of the dispute before the President of the tribunal is designated, the arbitral tribunal shall determine the subject matter. The secretariat shall forward the information thus received to all Contracting Parties to this Convention or to the protocol concerned.
1. In disputes between two parties, the arbitral tribunal shall consist of three members. Each of the parties to the dispute shall appoint an arbitrator and the two arbitrators so appointed shall designate by common agreement the third arbitrator who shall be the President of the tribunal. The latter shall not be a national of one of the parties to the dispute, nor have his or her usual place of residence in the territory of one of these parties, nor be employed by any of them, nor have dealt with the case in any other capacity.
2. In disputes between more than two parties, parties in the same interest shall appoint one arbitrator jointly by agreement.
3. Any vacancy shall be filled in the manner prescribed for the initial appointment.
1. If the President of the arbitral tribunal has not been designated within two months of the appointment of the second arbitrator, the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall, at the request of a party, designate the President within a further two-month period.
2. If one of the parties to the dispute does not appoint an arbitrator within two months of receipt of the request, the other party may inform the Secretary-General who shall make the designation within a further two-month period.
The arbitral tribunal shall render its decisions in accordance with the provisions of this Convention, any protocols concerned, and international law.
Unless the parties to the dispute otherwise agree, the arbitral tribunal shall determine its own rules of procedure.
The arbitral tribunal may, at the request of one of the parties, recommend essential interim measures of protection.
The parties to the dispute shall facilitate the work of the arbitral tribunal and, in particular, using all means at their disposai, shall:
(a) Provide it with ail relevant documents, information and facilities; and
(b) Enable it, when necessary, to call witnesses or experts and receive their evidence.
The parties and the arbitrators are under an obligation to protect the confidentiality of any information they receive in confidence during the proceedings of the arbitral tribunal.
Unless the arbitral tribunal determines otherwise because of the particular circumstances of the case, the costs of the tribunal shall be borne by the parties to the dispute in equal shares. The tribunal shall keep a record of ail its costs, and shall furnish a final statement thereof to the parties.
Any Contracting Party that has an interest of a legal nature in the subject-matter of the dispute which may be affected by the decision in the case, may intervene in the proceedings with the consent of the tribunal.
The tribunal may hear and determine counterclaims arising directly out of the subject-matter of the dispute.
Decisions both on procedure and substance of the arbitral tribunal shall be taken by a majority vote of its members.
If one of the parties to the dispute does not appear before the arbitral tribunal or fails to defend its case, the other party may request the tribunal to continue the proceedings and to make its award. Absence of a party or a failure of a party to defend its case shall not constitute a bar to the proceedings. Before rendering its final decision, the arbitral tribunal must satisfy itself that the claim is well founded in fact and law.
The tribunal shall render its final decision within five months of the date on which it is fully constituted unless it finds it necessary to extend the time-limit for a period which should not exceed five more months.
The final decision of the arbitral tribunal shall be confined to the subject-matter of the dispute and shall state the reasons on which it is basea. It shall contain the names of the members who have participated and the date of the final decision. Any member of the tribunal may attach a separate or dissenting opinion to the final decision.
The award shall be binding on the parties to the dispute. It shall be without appeal unless the parties to the dispute have agreed in advance to an appellate procedure.
Any controversy which may arise between the parties to the dispute as regards the interpretation or manner of implementation of the final decision may be submitted by either party for decision to the arbitral tribunal which rendered it.
Annex II - Part 1. Arbitration Article 5
Article 5 Unless the parties to the dispute otherwise agree, the arbitral tribunal shall determine its own rules of procedure
Annex II - Part 2. Conciliation
A conciliation commission shall be created upon the request of one of the parties to the dispute. The commission shall, unless the parties otherwise agree, be composed of five members, two appointed by each Party concerned and a President chosen jointly by those members.
In disputes between more than two parties, parties in the" same interest shall appoint their members of the commission jointly by agreement. Where two or more parties have separate interests or there is a disagreement as to whether they are of the same interest, they shall appoint their members separately.
If any appointments by the parties are not made within two months of the date of the request to create a conciliation commission, the Secretary-General of the United Nations shall, if asked to do so by the party that made the request, make those appointments within a further two-month period.
If a President of the conciliation commission has not been chosen within two months of the last of the members of the commission being appointed, the Secretary-General of the united Nations shall, if asked to do so by a party, designate a President within a further two-month period.
The conciliation commission shall take its decisions by majority vote of its members. It shall, unless the parties to the dispute otherwise agree, determine its own procedure. It shall render a proposal for resolution of the dispute, which the parties shall consider in good faith.
A disagreement as to whether the conciliation commission has competence shall be decided by the commission.
Dernière mise à jour: 05 Jun 2019
CEE-ONU
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2588
|
__label__wiki
| 0.749209
| 0.749209
|
George Washington: An Image and Its Influence
Washington separated European affairs from those of the US
Mises.org - December 18, 2017 Comments
George Washington took office as president in 1789 with an asset of inestimable value.
People viewed him as the hero of the American Revolution who, disdaining power, had like the Roman general Cincinnatus returned home to his farm. When he allowed himself, with great reluctance, to be nominated as chief executive, his prestige was unparalleled. Indeed, his reputation was worldwide. When he died,
Napoleon Bonaparte decreed that the standards and flags of the French army be dressed in mourning crepe. The flags of the British Channel Fleet were lowered to half-mast to honor the fallen hero. Talleyrand, the French minister of foreign affairs, … [called] for a statue of Washington to be erected in Paris.1
Poets likewise sang his praises.
Washington achieved mythic status in his own lifetime, receiving poetic encomia from English poets as different as William Blake and Byron, who contrasted Washington favorably with the despotic Napoleon. … His contemporaries were impressed by the fact that the general who led a successful revolution did not establish a personal dictatorship.2
Were the effects of the influence that accompanied this prestige good or bad for liberty? This chapter shall endeavor to show that in two instances, these effects were bad; in one case, though, Washington’s fame led to fortunate consequences for individual freedom. Washington, though not a principal author of the Constitution, supported calling a convention to revise the Articles of Confederation. At the convention itself, he strongly backed Madison’s plans for centralized control.
On assuming power, Washington soon faced a division of opinion in his cabinet. Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton was not satisfied with the centralization already achieved by the Constitution. He called for a national bank and a governmentally directed program of industrial development. Thomas Jefferson raised a decisive objection to Hamilton’s proposal: Did it not entirely exceed the bounds of power granted the central government by the new Constitution? The constitutional issue did not faze Hamilton, who produced an analysis that granted the central government broad power to do whatever Hamilton thought best. In this conflict, Washington once again weighed in on the side of the centralizers.
In his Farewell Address, though, Washington at least partially redeemed himself, from a classical-liberal standpoint. He cautioned against America’s involvement in European power politics, with which the United States had no concern. His warning against permanent alliances guided much of American foreign policy in the nineteenth century; and, in the twentieth, opponents of the bellicose policies of Woodrow Wilson and Franklin Roosevelt appealed to it. Washington’s prestige for once had beneficial results.
We have spoken of whether Washington’s influence was “good” or “bad” for liberty. By what standard are these judgments made? This author writes from a classical-liberal perspective, in which the growth of government is viewed as an unmitigated disaster and expansionist foreign policy is resolutely opposed. Thus, “states’ rights” receive support as against increases in federal authority, and wars, except in cases of exercising self-determination or repelling direct invasion, are opposed.3
One might object to the proposed criterion in this way. The goal of classical liberalism is to promote individual liberty. Why then tie it down to the specific policies indicated?
In certain cases, may not the federal government serve better to protect the individual than the states?4Further, even if local control is in ideal circumstances best, may not a decentralized polity prove no match for a strong opponent? Along the same lines, why must a realistic foreign policy be confined to defense of the national territory? In some cases, may not the best defense be to strike at a prospective enemy first?5
These worries cannot be addressed in detail here. Suffice it to say that a good rule-utilitarian case can be constructed for spurning federal interventions that allegedly aim at promoting liberty. In like fashion, aggressive war shackles us with devastation and restriction of liberty in order to combat speculative dangers.6
These remarks have at least the appearance of dogmatism, and they are advanced rather to indicate a viewpoint than to make a case. One illustration of how such a case would proceed is taken from Murray Rothbard. The Articles of Confederation established a much less centralized system than the Constitution. Yet because ratification by all the states was required for the Articles to come into effect, most of the American Revolution was fought with no written structure of authority over the states at all. As Rothbard notes,
The Articles were not exactly received with huzzahs; rather, they were greeted quietly and dutifully, as a needed part of the war effort against Britain. One of the keenest critiques of the Articles, as might be expected, came from Thomas Burke, who warned that, under cover of the war emergency, eager power-seekers were trying to impose a central government upon the states. … [t]he Articles of Confederation were not to be ratified and go into effect until 1781, when the Revolutionary War would be all but over.7
So much for the supposed necessity for a strong central government to combat other nations.
However much supporters of localism might view even the Articles as going too far in the wrong direction, Washington held a decidedly different view. In 1783, he wrote to Alexander Hamilton: “It is clearly my opinion, unless Congress have powers competent to all general purposes, that the distresses we have encountered, the expense we have incurred, and the blood we have spilt, will avail nothing.”8
Among the “distresses” of which Washington spoke, one may speculate that personal considerations loomed large. Throughout his adult life, Washington avidly sought land. “His family had first speculated in Ohio Valley land decades ago [before the 1780s], and Washington owned nearly sixty thousand acres.”9
A project that aroused his interest offered a chance to appreciate greatly the value of his land. “If a canal could be pushed over the mountains to link up with the Allegheny river system, then all the future produce of the Ohio Valley could flow through Virginia land, (not coincidentally, past Mount Vernon).”10
A crucial obstacle confronted Washington’s hopes for a Potomac Canal. Under the Articles of Confederation, a state had the right to levy fees on the use of waterways that passed through its boundaries. If the states bordering the Potomac were to do so, the proposed canal might generate no profit for him. One can readily see why the great general was “distressed.” As one observer notes, “[h]e was drawn to the plan by important private and public interests, and the political steps he took to fulfill it led directly to the Constitutional Convention, if not a canal.”11 A strong central government would remove the threat of interstate taxation.
This is not to suggest that Washington’s economic interests determined his support for a stronger central government. To do so would be to fall into the fallacy that wrecked Charles Beard’s An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution. Nevertheless, personal interest cannot be neglected in an explanation of Washington’s policy.
Regardless of Washington’s motives, the fact that someone of his probity and reputation advocated a Constitutional Convention eased the doubts of those who feared centralization. How could one suspect the proposed convention of aims destructive of liberty if Washington, the Cincinnatus who had spurned dictatorship, endorsed the call for it? Was not the case for the good intentions of the proposed convention conclusively made once it became known that Washington himself had agreed to serve as a delegate to it? Richard Brookhiser puts the essential point well:
Much of the political class was happy with the current arrangements. … Supporters of change would have to make the case that a new government would not threaten liberty. … Washington’s presence would help immeasurably to make that case. He had already held more power than any man in America, and after eight and half years, he had surrendered it. He was the most conspicuous example of moderation and disinterestedness that the nation could supply.12
At the convention, Washington’s primary aim was not to enact a particular plan of government. The need rather was to act immediately, so that centralization could be secured as fast as possible.
During the constitutional debates, Washington insisted that the Articles of Confederation be overhauled quickly. “Otherwise,” he wrote, “like a house on fire, whilst the most regular mode of extinguishing it is contended for, the building is reduced to ashes.” What was needed, Washington thought, was any solid national government.13
Washington was quite willing to push his argument to extremes. So essential did he deem centralization that he contemplated a monarchy for America, should the Constitutional Convention fail. He was not himself a monarchist—far from it. But a letter of March 31, 1787, to James Madison shows that conceivable circumstances might change him into one.
In his definitive study of James Madison’s political thought, Lance Banning summarizes Washington’s thoughts in this vital letter:
No one could deny the indispensability of a complete reform of the existing system, which he hoped the Constitutional Convention would attempt. But only if complete reform were tried, and the resulting system still proved inefficient, would a belief in the necessity of greater change begin to spread “among all classes of the people. Then, and not till then is my [Washington’s] opinion, can it [monarchy] be attempted without involving all the evils of civil discord.”14
One wonders how those whose fears of the convention had been calmed by Washington’s endorsement would have reacted had they known of this letter. But of course the convention, by its own lights, did not fail; and the fact that Washington contemplated monarchy remained hidden.
Any centralized form of government, Washington held, was desirable so long as it could be quickly established. But it does not follow from this that Washington was indifferent to the type of centralized government established. He soon fell in with the radical nationalism of Madison’s Virginia Plan.
To Madison, Washington’s presence at the convention was essential: It was “an invitation to the most select characters from every part of the Confederacy.”15 Madison reported that Washington arrived at the Philadelphia convention “amidst the acclamations of the people, as more sober marks of the affection and veneration which continue to be felt for his character.”16
With Washington present, Madison hoped to achieve his aims. One political theorist, a disciple of Leo Strauss, summarizes these aims in this way: Washington’s presence and the presence of “lesser figures of impeccable republican credentials allowed the convention to rebut the charge of being an aristocratic conspiracy while conferring on it the opportunity to behave like one.”17
Strong words, but the details of Madison’s plans bear out the interpretation that the Straussian Gary Rosen has advanced. Madison and other extreme nationalists sought to eviscerate entirely the power of the states to thwart the will of the nation.
Under the Virginia Plan, which Madison submitted to Washington before the convention opened, Congress could veto any law enacted by a state legislature that it deemed unconstitutional.
It called, as Washington’s summary of Madison’s draft put it, for a “due supremacy of the national authority,” including “local authorities [only] whenever they can be subordinately useful.” … Madison had originally called for an even more sweeping national power over state laws, a “negative in all cases whatever.”18
In fairness to Washington, he did not vote in favor of Madison’s radical proposal of an unlimited congressional veto. But neither did he oppose the plan. Madison noted that
Gen. W. was “not consulted.” How could he not have been consulted? He never missed a session. Most probably, Gen. W. had been consulted privately, and the result of the consultation was that, since Madison had the voters anyway, Washington chose not to take a public stand on an inflamed issue.19
It seems quite clear that opposition by Washington would have at once ended so far-reaching a plan, but it was not forthcoming. Surely then he cannot have been very strongly against it. Had he been, he need only have spoken a word. But why speculate on Washington’s private opinion of Madison’s proposal? Its importance for our purposes is this: Many of those who feared that the convention would strike a fatal blow at states’ rights were reassured by Washington’s presence. But, unknown to them, he was at least a fellow traveler of radical centralism. His image as a Cincinnatus averse to power led many into error. It did not follow from Washington’s personal reluctance to hold office that he was not an opponent of states’ rights, as this concept was understood in the 1780s.
Fortunately, for those opposed to centralism, no version of the congressional veto survived into the Constitution’s final draft. But the Constitution, even without it, was far more centralizing than the Articles; and Washington’s image once again proved useful when the Constitution came up for ratification. Just as before, skeptics could be reassured: Would Washington support a regime inimical to liberty? Thus, in Virginia, opposition to the Constitution was in part disarmed by Washington’s prestige. “Few, if any of Virginia’s revolutionary leaders questioned Madison’s republican credentials. All, no doubt, were comforted by their awareness that George Washington would head the federal government if it were put into effect.”20
By no means is this meant to suggest a monocausal view, in which Washington’s image sufficed to quell all opposition to the new document. Quite the contrary, in the very passage just cited, Lance Banning maintains that Madison’s skill at argument was needed to win over the recalcitrant. Confidence in Washington was not enough because in 1788, “quite unlike today, few believed that the executive would set the federal government’s directions.”21 Nevertheless, the importance of the “Washington-image factor” cannot be gainsaid.
The Constitution did not in all respects settle the nature of the American system. What sort of government would result from it? Would its provisions be interpreted loosely, to enable the central government to seize as much power from the states as possible? Two conflicting approaches to government split Washington’s cabinet, one favored by Alexander Hamilton and the other by Thomas Jefferson.
These divergent views have been ably summarized by Forrest McDonald.
In Federalist Essay number 70, Hamilton had said that “energy in the executive is a leading ingredient in the definition of good government.” … In essays 71 and 73, he made his position clearer: “It is one thing,” he said, for the executive “to be subordinate to the laws, and another to be dependent on the legislative body.” In other words, the executive authority must operate independently and with a wide range of discretion in its field, the Constitution and laws providing only broad guidelines and rules.22
Jefferson and his followers saw matters entirely otherwise.
In Jefferson’s view, and that of most Republicans, such discretionary authority was inherently dangerous and smacked of monarchy. … A society would grow better … by stripping social and governmental institutions to the bare minimum so that the natural aristocracy might rise to the top.23
The differences between Hamilton and Jefferson were not confined to abstract argument, but quietly became manifest in practical affairs. Although Hamilton considered himself a student of economics, his views embodied the discredited doctrines of mercantilism.
One of the duties of the federal government, according to the Hamilton philosophy, is the active promotion of a dynamic industrial capitalist economy … by establishment of sound public finance, public investment in infrastructure, and promotion of new industrial sectors unlikely to be profitable in their early stages.
As Hamilton wrote in The Report on Manufactures:
Capital is wayward and timid in leading itself to new undertakings, and the state ought to excite the confidence of capitalists, who are ever cautious and sagacious, by aiding them to overcome the obstacles that lie in the way of all experiments.24
Where the State would acquire the requisite understanding to direct the economy, Hamilton neglected to inform his readers; and Jefferson and his followers were reluctant to take the matter on faith. In particular, the Jeffersonians rejected Hamilton’s plan, as part of reforming public finance, to establish a national bank.
In this opposition they had a seemingly irrefutable argument. Hamilton’s plan for a bank clearly violated the Constitution. Nowhere does that document give Congress the power to charter a national bank. So small a matter did not deter Hamilton from avid pursuit of his scheme.
In response to a request by Washington, Hamilton delivered a “Defense of the Constitutionality of the Bank” to him on February 23, 1791.
The well-known part of the defense spelled out the “loose constructionist” doctrine of the Constitution. The Constitution, said Hamilton, defined only in general terms the broad purposes for which the federal government was created. … If Congress determined to achieve an end authorized by the Constitution, it was empowered by the final clause in Article I, Section 8 [the “necessary and proper” clause] … to use any means that were not prohibited by the Constitution.25
Hamilton’s argument by far exceeded in importance the matter of the bank, though that in itself was no small thing. If Hamilton’s views were accepted, little of limited government could remain. Given the vaguest aims, for example, the promotion of “the general welfare,” the government had the power, Hamilton alleged, to do whatever it thought was needed to attain them.
Faced with so blatant a challenge to constitutional rule, what did Washington do? He accepted Hamilton’s opinion, refusing Madison’s advance to veto the bank bill. Hamilton’s “defense convinced Washington, and on February 25 [1791], he signed the bank bill into law.”26
Once again Washington lent his prestige and authority to the cause of a strong central state. From a classical-liberal perspective, his course of action was a disastrous blunder.
But the record is not all black. So far Washington has been presented as an opponent of the libertarian tradition. He used his fame to secure unwarranted credence for a convention that aimed to strengthen the central government. At that convention, he gave the most extreme centralizers at least tacit support. And, as we have just seen, he accepted an argument that freed the government from all constitutional restraint. Nevertheless, from the classical-liberal perspective, Washington almost redeemed himself.
In his Farewell Address, Washington set forward principles of foreign policy that, if followed, would virtually immunize America from involvement in foreign wars. (The Address was not delivered as a speech. It was a circular published in The American Daily Advertiser, September 19, 1796.)27
In the Address, Washington sharply separated European affairs from those of the United States.
Europe has a set of primary interests, which to us have none or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence therefore it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves, by artificialities, in … the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships, or enmities.28
But, interventionists such as Walter Lippmann were later to object, does not the argument of the Addresswrongly take for granted that European politics do not concern America? What if a single power dominated the continent? Would this not threaten us? If so, should we not be concerned actively to prevent such domination?
Washington rejected this contention in advance.
Our detached and distant situation invites and enables us to pursue a different course. If we remain in one People, under an efficient government, the period is not far off, when we may defy material injury from external annoyance. . . . Why forego the advantages of so peculiar a situation? Why quit our own to stand upon foreign ground.29
Here Washington adopts the much maligned Fortress America stance so derided by critics of isolation. Given the manifest perils of war, will not a classical-liberal system take advantage of a favorable geographic position to steer clear of foreign entanglements? Such, at any rate, was Washington’s argument; and for once, his immense prestige aided the cause of liberty.30
Opponents of American entry into the world wars frequently appealed to the Address. If they were ultimately unsuccessful, at least the fame of the Address and its author helped slow the race toward war and statism.
Pentagon Evaluating DHS Request to Fund 13 Sections of Border Wall
Acting ICE Director Blasts ‘Ignorant’ Open Borders Protesters
A Limited-Government Republic versus a National-Security State
Family Suing After Feds Seize Life Savings at Pittsburgh Airport
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2589
|
__label__cc
| 0.606277
| 0.393723
|
Draft Day decison makers: Minnesota Vikings
Joshua Lobdell
The Minnesota Vikings will be led on draft day by Vice President of Player Personnel Rick Speilman. He is in charge of all player personnel issues and heads the college and pro scouting departments. He will be joined in the war room by Rob Brzezinski Vice President of Football Operations, George Paton Director of Player Personnel, Scott Studwell Director of College Scouting, and of course their full complement of scouts.
Speilman is a risk taker, but he is able to take big risks and be right more often that not. He has dealt a first and two third round picks for Jared Allen, and traded up in round 2-5 four times and selected two offensive rookies of the year. That is a record no one can over look. While Speilman has the final say, and the brain trust works Head coach Brad Childers. They have a very effective scouting staff, and over the last five years they have an above average record in scoring big talent in the draft.
In the time period this team has made 31 draft picks, and they have produced two pro bowlers. Nine of those picks are starters, and eight more are backups. Fourteen of those selected, have either left the league or are playing for other teams.
•Draft Day decision makers
•Minnesota Vikings news and notes
•2010 NFL Team needs
•2010 First Round Draft Plans
•MTR Football.com
Embed this widget See full results for 2010 NFL Draft Order
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2590
|
__label__cc
| 0.696433
| 0.303567
|
Hedge Funds Have Never Been This Bullish On Mistras Group, Inc. (MG)
Published on December 12, 2019 at 10:33 am by Nina Todic in Hedge Funds,News
A whopping number of 13F filings filed with U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has been processed by Insider Monkey so that individual investors can look at the overall hedge fund sentiment towards the stocks included in their watchlists. These freshly-submitted public filings disclose money managers’ equity positions as of the end of the three-month period that ended September 30, so let’s proceed with the discussion of the hedge fund sentiment on Mistras Group, Inc. (NYSE:MG).
Mistras Group, Inc. (NYSE:MG) has experienced an increase in hedge fund interest lately. Our calculations also showed that MG isn’t among the 30 most popular stocks among hedge funds (click for Q3 rankings and see the video below for Q2 rankings).
To most investors, hedge funds are seen as slow, old investment tools of the past. While there are over 8000 funds in operation today, Our researchers hone in on the leaders of this group, around 750 funds. It is estimated that this group of investors control the lion’s share of all hedge funds’ total asset base, and by following their finest picks, Insider Monkey has figured out a number of investment strategies that have historically outstripped the broader indices. Insider Monkey’s flagship short hedge fund strategy outstripped the S&P 500 short ETFs by around 20 percentage points per year since its inception in May 2014. Our portfolio of short stocks lost 27.8% since February 2017 (through November 21st) even though the market was up more than 39% during the same period. We just shared a list of 7 short targets in our latest quarterly update .
Chuck Royce of Royce & Associates
We leave no stone unturned when looking for the next great investment idea. For example Europe is set to become the world’s largest cannabis market, so we check out this European marijuana stock pitch. One of the most bullish analysts in America just put his money where his mouth is. He says, “I’m investing more today than I did back in early 2009.” So we check out his pitch. We read hedge fund investor letters and listen to stock pitches at hedge fund conferences. We also rely on the best performing hedge funds‘ buy/sell signals. We’re going to analyze the recent hedge fund action surrounding Mistras Group, Inc. (NYSE:MG).
How have hedgies been trading Mistras Group, Inc. (NYSE:MG)?
At Q3’s end, a total of 14 of the hedge funds tracked by Insider Monkey were bullish on this stock, a change of 40% from the previous quarter. Below, you can check out the change in hedge fund sentiment towards MG over the last 17 quarters. So, let’s see which hedge funds were among the top holders of the stock and which hedge funds were making big moves.
According to publicly available hedge fund and institutional investor holdings data compiled by Insider Monkey, Renaissance Technologies holds the biggest position in Mistras Group, Inc. (NYSE:MG). Renaissance Technologies has a $9 million position in the stock, comprising less than 0.1%% of its 13F portfolio. On Renaissance Technologies’s heels is Rutabaga Capital Management, managed by Peter Schliemann, which holds a $8.3 million position; 2.9% of its 13F portfolio is allocated to the stock. Some other peers that hold long positions include David E. Shaw’s D E Shaw, Chuck Royce’s Royce & Associates and Richard S. Meisenberg’s ACK Asset Management. In terms of the portfolio weights assigned to each position Rutabaga Capital Management allocated the biggest weight to Mistras Group, Inc. (NYSE:MG), around 2.95% of its 13F portfolio. ACK Asset Management is also relatively very bullish on the stock, setting aside 1.2 percent of its 13F equity portfolio to MG.
As one would reasonably expect, key hedge funds have jumped into Mistras Group, Inc. (NYSE:MG) headfirst. ACK Asset Management, managed by Richard S. Meisenberg, established the most outsized position in Mistras Group, Inc. (NYSE:MG). ACK Asset Management had $4.3 million invested in the company at the end of the quarter. Israel Englander’s Millennium Management also made a $3.2 million investment in the stock during the quarter. The other funds with new positions in the stock are Paul Marshall and Ian Wace’s Marshall Wace, Thomas Bailard’s Bailard Inc, and Matthew Hulsizer’s PEAK6 Capital Management.
Let’s check out hedge fund activity in other stocks – not necessarily in the same industry as Mistras Group, Inc. (NYSE:MG) but similarly valued. We will take a look at Hometrust Bancshares Inc (NASDAQ:HTBI), Vectrus Inc (NYSE:VEC), Mechel PAO (NYSE:MTL), and Kiniksa Pharmaceuticals, Ltd. (NASDAQ:KNSA). This group of stocks’ market values resemble MG’s market value.
HTBI 10 69092 1
VEC 15 49982 3
MTL 2 1373 0
KNSA 8 66257 -1
Average 8.75 46676 0.75
As you can see these stocks had an average of 8.75 hedge funds with bullish positions and the average amount invested in these stocks was $47 million. That figure was $45 million in MG’s case. Vectrus Inc (NYSE:VEC) is the most popular stock in this table. On the other hand Mechel PAO (NYSE:MTL) is the least popular one with only 2 bullish hedge fund positions. Mistras Group, Inc. (NYSE:MG) is not the most popular stock in this group but hedge fund interest is still above average. This is a slightly positive signal but we’d rather spend our time researching stocks that hedge funds are piling on. Our calculations showed that top 20 most popular stocks among hedge funds returned 37.4% in 2019 through the end of November and outperformed the S&P 500 ETF (SPY) by 9.9 percentage points. Unfortunately MG wasn’t nearly as popular as these 20 stocks and hedge funds that were betting on MG were disappointed as the stock returned -19.3% during the fourth quarter (through the end of November) and underperformed the market. If you are interested in investing in large cap stocks with huge upside potential, you should check out the top 20 most popular stocks among hedge funds as many of these stocks already outperformed the market so far this year.
Is Corporate Office Properties Trust (OFC) A Good Stock To Buy? Hedge Funds Have Never Been More Bullish On Atara Biotherapeutics Inc (ATRA... Hedge Funds Aren’t Crazy About Mesa Air Group, Inc. (MESA) Anymore Is Avista Corp (AVA) A Good Stock To Buy ? Is ASML Holding N.V. (ASML) A Good Stock To Buy ? Is Axcelis Technologies Inc (ACLS) A Good Stock To Buy ?
Is MG A Good Investment Right Now? Is MG A Good Stock To Buy? NYSE:MG Yahoo Finance
Mistras Group, Inc. (MG): Hedge Funds Cautiously Bullish Here’s What Hedge Funds Think About Mistras Group, Inc. (MG) Here’s What Hedge Funds Think About Mistras Group, Inc. (MG) Mistras Group, Inc. (MG): Hedge Funds Are Snapping Up Mild Insider Selling at PriceSmart Inc. (PSMT) and ANSYS Inc. (ANSS); Insider Buying at Three Other Companies Should You Buy Mistras Group Inc (MG)? Today’s Trending Stocks: Ruby Tuesday, Deutsche Bank, Qualcomm, and More 10 Stocks That Went Up During The 2008 Crash 10 Movies About Amnesia on Netflix 20 Countries With Highest Military Spending In The World
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2591
|
__label__cc
| 0.709705
| 0.290295
|
Intelligent Design Solar, LLC
© 2016 by Intelligent Design Solar. Proudly created with Wix.com
Distributed Energy Resources (DER)
“I'm a testimonial. Click me to edit and add text that says something nice about you and your services. Click me to edit and add text that says something nice about you and your services.”
We believe there is an opportunity to collaborate among leading smart solar inverter manufacturers, our innovative operational software company, and utilities to create a dynamic relationship between the utility and their customers. This relationship would be built on providing utilities and consumers alike, with full awareness of installed capacity, energy output, battery storage and grid dynamics that determine real-time operating decisions at each residence for an aggregated benefit to the grid, non-solar customers, and solar-generating customers.
Global warming, peak oil, environmental concerns, political motivation and increasing power bills have conspired to produce increasing pressure on utilities to integrate intermittent sources like solar and wind.
The grid was created to supply power from central generation sources out to consumers and has really only been able to absorb distributed solar power effectively as long as the solar power was insignificant. However, grid-tied solar has caught on as prices continue to drop and with it has come stability and profitability issues for the grid companies. Now, in many areas, it is a lengthy and expensive process to get the permits to connect grid-tied solar and, in some areas, there are additional monthly fixed charges being applied.
It is really time to rethink the home energy system, the role a local utility can play, what requirements should be in place going forward to enable higher penetrations of distributed solar generation and understand drawbacks and benefits to the grid of properly configured distributed solar solutions.
One way to think of it is building a system, piece by piece. Each building block adds additional functionality and benefits for the customer and for the utility grid operations. Individually, these pieces may be detrimental to grid operations but, properly configured the synergy created provides significant benefits for the utility. You can think of this like an orchestra. Each instrument provides a unique sound and individually may not necessarily seem interesting but, in combination and effectively orchestrated, the complete assembly is inspirational.
In the case of grid-tied rooftop solar, the customer benefits from simply installing a new smart inverter and some panels. They see immediate benefit by way of a lower monthly power bill. If local electric rates are above grid parity for solar (currently about 16-18 cents/kwh) his investment would provide a positive return over its operational lifetime. This is great for the individual but, his investment has provided no benefit to the utility and may negatively impact its operation and in so doing, impact his neighbors as well.
Now, if batteries and a charge controller are added to the system, perhaps it can be configured to charge and discharge batteries to provide a number of benefits. Certainly, the addition of batteries could provide the customer with some off-grid and off-peak hours operation, but, can the functions of the smart inverter and those of the battery charge controller be orchestrated for utility grid benefit as well? What if the smart inverter and charge controller were coordinated to act as one device by a single intelligent process? In this case, we achieve even more benefits including:
1. Energy release into the grid can be controlled to more closely coincide with peak demand,
2. Reverse flow onto the grid during peak generation hours can be eliminated,
3. Solar irradiance variability (the cloud cover effect) can be mitigated, thus providing a smooth delivery of energy to the grid
Our orchestra is starting to sound like something everyone will enjoy. But, there could be more. Suppose we add Uninterruptable Power Supply capabilities and the ability to dispatch loads based on utility needs and instantaneously through measurement of voltage and frequency on the grid? These capabilities are available today and provide the complete solution anticipated by all advocates of the Smart Grid. Finally, the IDS solution aligns utility operations with political, customer, social, environmental, and energy independence goals.
For more information, please contact us at +1 (206) 399-3815
Power Tracking
Utility Trends
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2593
|
__label__cc
| 0.707645
| 0.292355
|
The Intelliware Approach
Why Intelliware
Our Agile Journey
News, Updates and Insights
Agile Resources
Applicant FAQ
Co-teaming results in scalable business platform and Agile adoption at Points.
Re-platforming loyalty into a high-performance system
Points International Ltd. is the global leader in loyalty currency management and has been widely recognized among the loyalty and technology communities alike.
Shortly after launching its Loyalty Commerce Platform, Points found itself in the envious position of having to cope with rapid growth due to many new partner sign-ups. This rapid growth made it difficult for Points to efficiently onboard new partners with its current technology platform. Points’ leadership recognized the necessity to re-platform their system and, as a technology-based firm, believed that maintaining all development in-house was a key competitive advantage. However, re-platforming the current system was too large a task for the existing in-house team.
Points identified two opportunities:
Co-team with Intelliware to help re-platform the current system.
Adopt Agile methodologies to help Points’ development team keep pace with their rapidly changing business environment.
Intelliware conducted discovery to understand Points’ core business issues. This discovery served as the basis of an action plan to develop a new platform. In addition, Intelliware provided a detailed Agile knowledge transfer and transition plan of both the technical aspects and the Agile practices used to deliver each phase of the project. The delivery of both the software solution and Agile knowledge transfer occurred, quickly, in over three projects.
Project 1 – The team comprised mostly of Intelliware staff, with a few staff from multiple levels of the Points organization prepared to act as agents of change. This first project was conducted at Intelliware’s office, which is set up for an Agile culture with project rooms, whiteboards, etc.
Project 2 – Resourced with a 50-50 split of Intelliware and Points staff, the second project was eventually relocated to Points’ office. By the end of the second project, ownership of the deliverables had been successfully transferred from Intelliware to the Points team.
Project 3 – The third project was conducted at the Points office by a fully functioning Points team complemented with a few Intelliware staff to ensure a smooth transition. By this time, the Points team could manage the support and maintenance of the new platform as well as ongoing development for new features, product lines, and functions.
Points has a high-performing Agile team that develops and manages its applications to enable transactions of millions of consumers worldwide. Points now generates over $200 million a year in revenue and has over 45 partners. From 2012 to 2014, Points’ stock (PCOM) has appreciated by over 200 percent.
January 29, 2019 TypeScript – A Good Part – Part 3 Read More
November 2, 2015 Changing the Web with Web Components Read More
August 10, 2016 Technical Debt: It’s not just the code. Read More
This site is protected by copyright and trademark laws under Canadian and International law. All rights reserved. © 2019 Intelliware Development Inc.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2594
|
__label__wiki
| 0.911785
| 0.911785
|
Laura Cappon
RAI 3 News
Laura Cappon is an award-winning journalist of RAI 3. After graduating in Oriental Languages and Cultures at the University of Bologna and several years of experience in local Bolognese newspapers, in 2011 she moved to Cairo where for four years she followed the transition to democracy after the revolution. She has also worked in Turkey, Tunisia, Qatar and in Ukraine during the Maidan revolt. In July 2016 she participated in the creation of the RAI 1 News Specail entitled Giulio Regeni, the body of the crime. She is working, or has worked, with The Daily, the Italian Swiss RadioTelevisione (RSI), Panorama, Al Jazeera English, Radio Popolare, RAI Radio 2, Tgcom24, RAI News 24, RAI 5, RAI History and Vice Italy.
Events in past editions
#IJF19 / 5 april 2019
The Arab winter
Safa al-Ahmad
Anwar al-Bunni
Iyad El-Baghdadi
Eight years after the so-called Arab Spring, the Middle East has had to come to terms with even more ferocious dictatorships than of past decades. The case of the assassination of Saudi journalist Jam...
Media and Islam in Italy: between misinformation and new Orientalisms
Hind Lafram
Marwa Mahmoud
Sabika Shah Povia
How do the young Italian Muslim women look at the narrative of the Italian press on terrorism and multicultural integration? What are the mistakes made by the mass media about the Muslim world and wha...
Doing journalism in Egypt: from the Arab spring to El-Sisi
Lina Attalah
Declan Walsh
The 2011 Tahrir Square protests in Egypt, in addition to ushering in hopes of democracy also opened a window of opportunity in the search for media independence after decades of dictatorship. But the...
#IJF15 / 18 april 2015
Journalism is not a crime: the #freeAJstaff campaign and aftermath
Sue Turton
At the end of 2013, Peter Grestle, Mohammed Fahmy and Baher Mohamed of Al Jazeera were arrested in Egypt on charges of spreading false information and supporting the Muslim Brotherhood, the politica...
#IJF14 / 3 may 2014
World Press Freedom Day: testimony from across the planet
Lirio Abbate
Yavuz Baydar
Eric Matthies
Diego Enrique Osorno
May 3 is the United Nations World Press Freedom Day. It is, in the words of the UN, the opportunity to: > celebrate the fundamental principles of press freedom > assess the state of press fr...
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2597
|
__label__wiki
| 0.897992
| 0.897992
|
Manaccom to Supply BIG W Retail Stores Nationwide
ASX RELEASE – Tuesday, 11th March 2008
Directors of Manaccom Corporation Limited (ASX:MNL) are pleased to announce that the software publishing subsidiary – Manaccom Pty Ltd – will begin supplying a selection of software titles through 148 Big W retail stores nationwide.
The attached announcement announcement provides further details. For further Information: Mike Veverka CEO, Manaccom Corporation Limited (07) 3331 5999
11 March 2008 Manaccom to Supply Big W Retail Stores Nationwide Manaccom, Australia’s favourite software publisher today announced that it will now supply a selection of popular software titles through Big W retail stores nationwide. The new collaboration between Manaccom and Big W will ensure that popular software titles including Trend Micro, Net Nanny and iPod Studio will now be available throughout Big W’s 148 stores Australia wide. The arrangement will continue to establish Manaccom as a software supplier of choice for retailers throughout Australia and ensure the continued growth and success of Manaccom products within the national retail sector. According to Manaccom CEO James Mackay Big W offers a unique opportunity for reach and distribution while providing a wider consumer base for Manaccom products. “We recognise that Big W represents a fantastic opportunity for continued growth within the retail sector” Mr. Mackay said. “We look forward to developing our relationship with the nationwide chain. We are confident that this will be the beginning of a long and mutually beneficial business venture” he said. Among other Manaccom titles, Big W will now supply a selection of top selling Trend Micro and Net Nanny software, providing greater access to Internet control and monitoring capabilities for a wider range of internet users. Mackay said the selection of Manaccom software titles would enhance existing Big W software product lines and provide consumers with greater choice across a broader application range. “We like the successful retail model offered by Big W and believe that it is a positive step for our continued growth” Mr. Mackay said. “We believe that Trend Micro Internet Security and Net Nanny product lines, along with the Studio for iPod range will increase the software offering and present consumers with greater choice” he said.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2598
|
__label__cc
| 0.569165
| 0.430835
|
Sake, Tea and Holy Mountains by Train
2-day trip to Koyasan and Sakai
Sacred mountain, tea and sake by Nankai Railway
Raina Ong Staff Writer,
japan-guide.com
Day 1: Koyasan, a revered mountain
Day 2: Sakai, tea and sake culture
The Kansai Region is home to a wide variety of sightseeing spots and has something for everyone who visits. On this trip, I made an overnight trip from Kansai International Airport to Koyasan in Wakayama and the port city of Sakai in Osaka. Both places are directly connected to central Osaka, which is easily accessed from the airport by Nankai Railway.
Koyasan is a spiritual mountain that was established as the center of Japanese Shingon Buddhism in 817 by Kobo Daishi, the venerated founder of the religion. Religious activities are still being carried out at the numerous temples on the mountain, and visitors can gain a sense of a working temple when they stay overnight at one. Sakai used to be a thriving port town and was the gateway into Osaka before the advent of modern transportation. Today, the town still retains a fair bit of its charm and has a rich background in tea and sake.
Upon arrival at Kansai Airport, I made my way to the n.e.s.t counter near the Nankai Railway ticket gates which offers luggage forwarding to central Osaka and Kyoto. By sending my suitcase directly to my Osaka hotel where I would be staying later on, I was able to travel to Koyasan and Sakai hassle-free with just a simple overnight pack.
Koyasan Station stands at over 800 meters in elevation, and the Koyasan Cable Car makes the journey in about five minutes from Gokurakubashi Station at 550 meters. From the station, I took the bus to Senjuinbashi in the center of the town of Koyasan from where I began my exploration of the sacred town and its revered spots.
My first stop was Kongobuji Temple, the head temple and official headquarters of the Koyasan Shingon sect. I found that it was a good place to start my exploration, as the temple gave information of Kobo Daishi's journey to Koyasan and the early history of the town as well as insight to traditional Japanese design and architecture.
Eaves of Kongobuji Temple
Buddhist lecture in session
Banryutei Garden, the largest rock garden in Japan
Mist from the hinoki wood roof rising up in the morning sun
Traditional room, and painted sliding doors depicting the two dogs who brought Kobo Daishi to Koyasan
Gold leaf covered room that was used to host dignitaries
Massive kitchen, which is capable of feeding thousands, and its exposed roof beams
Next was Okunoin, a large cemetery and where Kobo Daishi's mausoleum can be found. It is believed that Kobo Daishi remains in eternal meditation in his mausoleum at the farthest end of the cemetery, and many devotees visit to pay their respects. The traditional approach to the mausoleum is flanked by tall cedar trees and many tombs. It is about two kilometers in length and takes about 30 minutes on foot one way. Ichinohashi, the first bridge, marks the start of the approach to the mausoleum, and continues on towards Nakanohashi, the middle bridge, before finally arriving at Gobyobashi. These three bridges cross over water as a form of symbolic cleansing as one approaches the mausoleum.
I managed to get to Gobyobashi in time to see the twice daily Shojingu ceremony at 6:00 and 10:30 in the morning, in which the head priest at Okunoin and two other monks deliver Buddhist cuisine to Kobo Daishi. This ceremony has been carried out for over a millennia, everyday without fail for the sustenance of Kobo Daishi.
The approach to the mausoleum is lined with massive cedar trees
This kind of moss only grows in places with clean air
Stone torii gates in the cemetery
Large tomb for the remains of those who have been buried her
Don't forget to look at the reflection of the Gobyobashi bridge on the water
Shojingu procession
Before the development of paved roads and public transportation, a number of pilgrimage trails were used by pilgrims who wanted to visit the mountain and pay their respects to Kobo Daishi. I decided to hike the southern part of one of the trails, the Nyoninmichi, a former women's pilgrimage route.
Up until 1872, Koyasan maintained a strict gender separation. There were no nuns on the mountain, and women pilgrims were not allowed to pass through the town center so as not to distract the monks and male pilgrims. As such, the Nyoninmichi route circles around the town center and Okunoin. Small worship halls placed at the various entrances into the town allowed women to pray like they were at the temple itself. Today, the town center and temples are open to everyone, and the pilgrimage trails are perfect for those looking to escape the crowds and see a different side of Koyasan.
The section of the Nyoninmichi hiking trail I took starts from the Nakanohashi entrance of Okunoin, cuts through beautiful forests, crosses the Rokuro mountain pass, which affords views of the surrounding mountain tops, before ending at the Daimon Gate. This section of the Nyoninmichi took about three hours to hike, and I made it with time to spare to see the sunset.
I felt a little pensive as I viewed the setting sun; there were so many layers of symbolism to unpack looking west out from Koyasan: Kobo Daishi's birthplace in Shikoku lies west of Koyasan; India, the birthplace of Buddhism, lies west of Japan; and the Buddhist paradise is said to be in the west, as well. For a very brief moment as I watched the sunset, it seemed that everything I saw and experienced today came together as one.
Start of the hiking trail from behind the Nakanohashi entrance carpark
Walking through the forest
Signs along the way point you in the right direction
An unexpected quiet scenic spot
At the top of the Rokuro pass, which was named after an old Japanese folktale
The Tasuke no Jizo, along the Nyoninmichi trail and which is not far from the Daimon gate, is said to answer one of your wishes in your lifetime
Daimon gate in the setting sun
It wasn't long before I had to tear myself away from my thoughts and head to my temple lodging before it got too late and dark. Temple lodgings or shukubo in Japanese, are open to everyone who visits Koyasan, and not just pilgrims, to experience traditional Buddhist culture in a working temple. The shukubo in Koyasan are mostly located in the town center. Many temple lodgings offer temple activities like sutra copying, zazen meditation and morning prayers, and vegetarian traditional Buddhist cuisine is also served at mealtimes.
I stayed at Saimonin, a temple lodging about five minutes on foot from Kongobuji Temple. The quiet accommodation provides simple rooms and gender separate communal toilets and baths. It was soon time for dinner, and while I was expecting a simple Buddhist fare, an absolutely sumptuous and generous spread was served instead. Totally unexpected, and needless to say, I was stuffed by the end of the meal.
Walking to Saimonin
Buddhist cuisine for dinner
My morning at Koyasan started with the otsutome scripture reading at my temple lodging before breakfast. Otsutome (Gongyo) rites are typically carried out in the morning at temples, and while attendance is not compulsory for travellers, it is highly recommended to see and experience Buddhist culture on Koyasan. Additionally, I found that it was a good way of cultivating and practicing mindfulness. The meditative effect I felt during the ceremony allowed me to take stock of the day to come and set the tone for the rest of the day.
After breakfast, I got ready to head down the mountain and back into the city. The port town of Sakai was my destination for the day, and I was looking forward to learning more about the local tea and sake culture.
Morning scripture reading
I started my adventure in Sakai with a visit to the Sakai Plaza of Rikyu and Akiko, a museum and tea experience facility, that stands out from the neighboring buildings with its beautiful glass exterior. In the entrance lobby is a small diorama of Sakai as it used to look, and it provided a little insight to the port town. My main purpose though, was to visit the Sen no Rikyu Chanoyukan, the museum introducing the history of tea as well as the relationship of tea master Sen no Rikyu with the various important and influential people like Oda Nobunaga who passed through the city of Sakai. There are also a number of tea cups on display in the museum.
After the short introduction to tea, I took some time to participate in a tea ceremony. The tea experience took place in a traditional Japanese room. The instructor patiently explained all the steps and meanings to the tea ceremony, starting from when I entered the room. It was quite an eye-opener, especially for those who have never participated in a tea ceremony before, to be introduced to the intricacies of the art form which I found extremely educational. I also had the opportunity to whisk up some tea after participating in the tea ceremony.
Display showing some famous historical people and their relationships with Sakai and tea
Diorama of Sakai
The replica of Sen no Rikyu's tea room in Kyoto
The ruins of Sen no Rikyu's family home is a few steps from the Sakai Plaza of Rikyu and Akiko
Participating in tea ceremony
From there, I took the streetcar to my lunch spot, Tsuboichi Saryo. The shop started as a tea business - which it still is - and has expanded to include a restaurant serving sweets and meals. The aroma of tea fills the air at the shop, and I was ready for a tea-infused lunch. I had a set meal consisting of delectable side dishes as well as a main course of rice porridge cooked in tea. It was unlike anything I had before, and I loved the combination of all the flavours. Finally, having tea and sweets for dessert brought my meal to a perfect end.
Taking the streetcar
Tsuboichi Saryo's shop front
Rice porridge in tea
Next on my list was the Sakai Izumi Sake Brewery, a local sake brewery. While sampling and purchasing sake is available to everyone, I also had the special opportunity to take a tour of the brewery. Inside, I learned about the ingredients and hard work it takes to make sake, and then tried some of the delicious end product. Interestingly, the brewery's main label is named after the tea master Sen no Rikyu, which reflects its origins in Sakai and its heritage.
Entrance of Sakai Izumi Sake Brewery
My guide showing me the rice used to make sake
The brewery's range of sake
This one is the namesake of the burial tombs that I visited after
Finally, to cap my trip in Sakai, I went to the nearby Mozu Kofun Group. These burial mounds or kofun, come in various shapes and sizes, and were the tombs of former emperors and aristocrats of ancient Japan. The Mozu Kofun Group are part of the larger Mozu-Furuichi Kofungun, a group of 49 kofun which were recently designated a UNESCO World Heritage. The largest tomb in the group as well as in Japan is the Nintoku-tenno-ryo Kofun in Sakai, which is not far from the places I visited earlier.
The Mozu Kofun Group are spread out over three kilometers around Daisen Park and the neighbouring areas. I visited the Nintoku-tenno-ryo Kofun, as well as a few others in the nearby park where I was able to see some burial mounds up close before drawing my trip to a close.
Nintoku-tenno-ryo Kofun from the front
The much smaller Shichikannon Kofun in Daisen Park
I had quite an epic two days, visiting the revered Koyasan and hiking around it and taking part in various activities in Sakai while learning about tea and sake. Definitely a trip worth considering for those who want to see a different side of Japan.
Scenes from Okunoin
Nankai Railway provides access from Kansai International Airport (KIX) to Osaka, Koyasan and Sakai.
How to get to and around Koyasan from KIX
From Kansai International Airport, take a Nankai train bound for Namba and transfer at Tengachaya to the Nankai Koya Line bound for Gokurakubashi, where the Koyasan Cable Car provides the final transition to Koyasan Station at the top of the mountain. The entire journey with good connections takes about 145 minutes and costs between 2440-3230 yen one way depending on the train category. Buses connect Koyasan Station with the various attractions in the town of Koyasan.
How to get to and around Sakai from Koyasan
From Koyasan Station, take the Koyasan Cable Car to Gokurakubashi Station. From there, take the Nankai Koya Line to Tengachaya and transfer to a train on the Nankai Line to Sakai Station. The entire journey with good connections takes about 110 minutes and costs between 1430 yen on a local train to 2220 yen one way if using a limited express train.
Sakai Plaza of Rikyu and Akiko is about one kilometer from Sakai Station, and it takes about 15 minutes to walk between the two places. It is also a short walk from Shukuin Station on the Hankai Tramway streetcar.
Tsuboichi Tea Shop is a stone's throw from Shimmeicho Station on the Hankai Tramway streetcar. The one way journey from Shukuin Station not far from Sakai Plaza of Rikyu and Akiko to Shimmeicho Station takes less than ten minutes and costs 210 yen.
Sakai Izumi Brewery is about 500 meters from either Shukuin Station on the Hankai Tramway or Sakai Station on the Nankai Line, and it takes less than ten minutes to walk there on foot from either stations.
Mozu Kofun Group is about three kilometers from Sakai Izumi Brewery. Take a bus from the Kawajiri bus stop near the brewery and get off at Daisen Nakamachi (15 minutes, 220 yen one way). Daisen Park and the tombs are about a 15-20 minute walk from the bus stop.
How to Enjoy OSAKA (Nankai Electric Railway Official Website)
Koyasan Travel Guide
Temple and trail hopping on Mount Koya
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2614
|
__label__wiki
| 0.874303
| 0.874303
|
#simulcasting
The new Ultraman's YouTube stream now has English subtitles
One surprise that caught me off guard is the current Ultraman show, Ultraman R/B, not appearing on Crunchyroll. The reason why this is strange is that the service simulcasted 2015's Ultraman X, 2016's Ultraman Orb, and 2017's Ultraman Geed....
FLCL's sequel brings out The Pillows goodness on June 2
Whenever a title finishes its run, there's a good chance that its story is complete. As FLCL's new seasons hit us with a cool trailer, I'm still siding with those who think that they aren't necessary. Aside from the original show havin...
Review: Kaiju Girls
When it comes to tokusatsu franchises branching out into other mediums, I’m always open for these types of ideas since they can pull off things that could be hard to pull off in a live-action series. In this case, Tsuburaya, the compa...
Holy Macaroni: Crunchyroll and FUNimation join forces
Remember that time when Crunchyroll revealed that they were entering the home release market? Well, it turns out that this was one of their plans with their new relationship with FUNimation to bring more anime to the masses. Not only that, ...
Daisuki jumps on the premium service bandwagon
As many streaming sites are currently offering premium services, it was only a matter of time until the gang at Daisuki would add this feature to their Website. Lo and behold, this day has arrived, and the beta for the premium membership st...
Annotated Anime: Space Patrol Luluco episode 12
For a second, I thought that Luluco’s fourth season was going to be the end the series. Not that I’m against there being a new season, as there are still many things that the show has yet to resolved. If anything, this continues...
Annotated Anime: Space Patrol Luluco episodes 5-11
You got to hand it to shows that outdo themselves to the point where they can convert any doubtful viewer into a fan. In this case, my concern for Luluco’s episode length was wiped out of my system as Imaishi and the Studio TRIGG...
Review: Fafner: Exodus
There’s something wonderful about seeing an older title receive a sequel after a very long time. It shows that the team was pushing hard to continue the story they set in place, and it lets the viewers see the program evolve further. ...
Review: Gatchaman Crowds Insight
Whenever an old property gets reinvented, many folks tend to be concerned over the changes that the title goes through. In some cases, it can be a bad thing; however, a new take on a classic could act as a great way to appeal to both v...
Simulcast GET: Gundam Iron-Blooded Orphans heads to Daisuki.net and Hulu
It looks like there's another good reason to be a Gundam fan this year, since the upcoming series, Mobile Suit Gundam Iron-Blooded Orphans, hits Daisuki.net and Hulu on Oct. 4 at 7:30 p.m. Japan Standard Time/3:30 a.m. Pacific Standard Time...
Simulcast GET: Crunchyroll nabs Ultraman X
Well, folks; I think it's safe to say that 2015 is a great year to be a tokusatsu fan. Last week, Shout! Factory announced Dairanger's North American DVD release, and Crunchyroll has now revealed that they're simulcasting Ultraman X. In cas...
Rejoice: FUNimation plans to stream anime outside of North America
Are you upset over the fact that FUNimation's anime streams are only available in North America? Luckily, the studio's help section has revealed that they're planning to expand their digital content to other regions this year. While th...
Daisuki announces M3 simulcast
Well this is it. With only a couple of series left to premiere, this looks to be one of the final simulcast announcements of the season and it goes to Daisuki. In a press release sent out last night, the streaming site has revealed that the...
Sakura-Con '14: Crunchyroll announces two more simulcasts
So SakuraCon has come and gone but we still have more news to share with you that came out of our weekend in Seattle. Yesterday, Crunchyroll held an industry panel at the con and despite getting through the bulk of their panel material in f...
Sword Art Online II to simulcast worldwide, airing in Japan in July
Following the success of the first Sword Art Online series, the second installment, Sword Art Online II, will be simulcast worldwide. Aniplex confirmed the announcement today, and the series will be airing in Japan in July of this year. In ...
Aniplex announces Mahouka and Mekaku City Actors simulcast info
Aniplex just dropped some news announcing the simulcast dates of its shows: Mahouka, also known as The Irregular at Magic High School, and Mekaku City Actors. Mahouka will air starting from today, while Mekaku City Actors will hit...
[email protected]! FUNimation streams second season of mini idol comedy
Producers rejoice! FUNimation is now streaming the second season of the short anime series [email protected] The series of 3-minute episodes is actually called Petit [email protected], but nobody calls it that! Following the gag comedy anime short from se...
Sentai Filmworks grabs The Kawai Complex Guide to Manors and Hostel Behavior
After announcing their license of Haikyuu yesterday, Sentai Filmworks isn't content to just sit back. They're keeping the momentum going with yet another license announcement today in the form of the new anime series The Kawai Complex ...
Crunchyroll to stream Robot Girls Z
I've never been one for giant robot/mecha anime. There are some notable exceptions to that but generally if a series has giant robots in it I tend to tune out and get bored very quickly. Finally though Japan has created a super robot series...
First Impressions: D-Frag
I really enjoy moe, but I also really enjoy comedy. So what do you get when you sit me down in front of a solid combination of the two? You get one happy little camper who is ready to say please sir, may I have some more!
First Impressions: Noragami
For my first assignment here at Japanator, I decided to tackle First Impressions of Noragami. I had actually watched the first episode of this series right when it first premiered on Funimation's site, but in just a few short days, I had al...
New Chūnibyō's first episode leaked online
In an all to familiar story, the first episode of Chūnibyō demo Koi ga Shitai! Ren was leaked before its official debut. It appeared briefly on tv.sohu.com, a region locked and Chinese-owned website, rather than being a slip-...
Simulcast GET: Crunchyroll grabs four new winter titles
It's 2014, and Crunchyroll is pulling out a new batch of announcements from the anime oven. Silly enough, none of the four shows that CR has picked up have nothing to do with food. However, Hozuki no Reitetsu, Engaged to the Unidentified, W...
Simulcast GET: Crunchyroll nabs Hamatora and more
As we get ready to welcome 2014, Crunchyroll is picking up three more shows before the year comes to a close! Best of all, one of their new anime titles happens to be a series that I'm going to cover soon. Anyway, Crunchyroll's newest title...
Simulcast GET: Crunchyroll grabs the Super Sonico anime
Crunchyroll is currently dropping announcements like it's no tomorrow, and they're still on fire! This time around, Crunchyroll has acquired the rights to simulcast Soni-Ani Super Sonico the Animation. Personally, I think they should've jus...
Simulcast GET: Crunchyroll grabs Saki � The Nationals
As we're preparing for the 2014 Winter Anime Season, Crunchyroll is getting ready to play their hand in the game known as anime simulcasting. For their first move, Crunchyroll has announced that they're going to simulcast Saki – ...
Netflix joins the fray, streaming Knights of Sidonia
Netflix is licensing and localizing anime, joining the list of companies doing "simulcast" with Knights of Sidonia. Today Netflix tweeted that they are going to have exclusive streaming rights for the Spring 2014 show. It will be available ...
Get your NOM on with Toriko over at Crunchyroll
As if Crunchyroll didn't already pretty much cover all our bases with their streaming anime titles, they've just announced that Toriko will be joining the library. For now, it's set to simulcast on Mondays at 10:00 a.m. PST starting next we...
Madman kills Kill la Kill simulcast due to leak
Bad news for Australian anime fans: Madman Entertainment has canceled their simulcast of Kill la Kill. Why, you might ask? It seems that the latest episode came out a little earlier than it was supposed to, which had Aniplex hot on their he...
SAO Extra Edition special to be simulcast worldwide
For those of you who haven't dropped the show by now, and I know there's quite a few of you out there, you'll be pleased to hear that the The Sword Art Online EXTRA EDITION TV special, currently scheduled to air in Japan on New Year's ...
Crunchyroll to simulcast One Piece this week
Fans looking for their One Piece-fix will have to look no further than Crunchyroll, as the streaming service is set to pick up the latest season of the on-going series starting Saturday, November 2nd. Episode #619 -- yeah, you read tha...
Crunchyroll picks up even more simulcasts
Crunchyroll is on fire with their simulcasts as always. They've now added three more shows to their ever-growing list an anime: Non Non Biyori, Arpeggio of Blue Steel, and (deep breath) My mental choices are completely interfering with my s...
Gundam Build Fighter is on Youtube, freshly baked
I woke up today and there was Gundam Build Fighter on the table for breakfast. It tastes like plastic and computer graphics. Maybe it would have been more fun like a Sunday morning cartoon of yore, back when there was breakfast on the tabl...
Crunchyroll bringing simulcasts to France
Crunchyroll has announced today that they'll be expanding their Simulcast service to France, complete with subtitled French language support. The service will only be launching with a select number of series to start, which include Dia...
Simulcast GET! Crunchyroll grabs Beyond the Boundary
I don't know about you, but I think that Crunchyroll is going all out with their new simulcasts for the Fall Anime Season. Now that they have announced that Kyokai no Kanata will be streamed under the name of Beyond the Boundary, I think we...
Gundam.info to simulcast Build Fighters
If any of you have been holding out hope for a Gundam Build Fighters simulcast, your prayers have been answer. It's been announced that the upcoming series will be streamed in select regions via Gundam.info, with new episodes airing every ...
Simulcast GET! Viz to stream Coppelion
Talk about a complete face off. Now that Viz has announced that they have acquired the rights to simulcast Coppelion, we're in for a double dose of post apocalyptic shows with over-the-top school girls. While Coppelion shares some similari...
Crunchyroll to simulcast Samurai Flamenco, Yowapeda
Crunchyroll has just announced that they'll be adding two more simulcasts to their upcoming Fall line-up, namely Samurai Flamenco and Yowapeda. Like all their simulcasts, the shows will be made available first to premium subscribers, w...
Daisuki.net to simulcast KILL la KILL in five languages
As if we weren't hyped enough as it is, Aniplex of America will be teaming up with Daisuki.net, which will be joined alongside Crunchyroll and Hulu, to simulcast their upcoming series KILL la KILL, set to premiere October 3rd. For...
Licensing GET! Aniplex recruits Samurai Flamenco
Well, there's goes another show that will get the Aniplex treatment. This time around, they have gotten a hold of Samurai Flamenco, an original noitaminA anime series that's directed by Takahiro Omori (Director for Durarara!! and Baccano!)....
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2615
|
__label__wiki
| 0.586832
| 0.586832
|
The Japanator Awards 2015: Josh's Top 5 Anime of the Year
A Fistful of Honors
With this year on the wane and a new year imminent, it's time to reflect on what came before: Our life choices, the state of the world, and most importantly: The Japanese cartoons we watched! It's time for 2015's Japanator Awards!
As ever, this is where each of us goes over our favorite shows, games, and sundries of the year that passed, and do what no one has ever thought of before: arrange them in an order corresponding to which we liked most!
Now, without further ado, let's proceed with my picks for the best anime series of 2015, and make sure to tune in again between now and 2016 to see the rest of the staff's favorites!
[Note: In order to be considered for the list, a program needs to have ended its broadcast run within the calendar year of 2015. Series that have not yet finished, for whatever reason, are ineligible.]
5. Fate/Stay night: Unlimited Blade Works
Despite 2015 being a pretty good year for anime I liked, I had to work pretty hard this year to avoid just nominating Shirobako, JoJo's Bizarre Adventure, and Unlimited Blade Works again, in a repeat of 2014's list. However, I had to make an exception for this, and not just because I'm a Fate fan.
Y'see, 2015, for whatever reason, was something of a banner year for shows that took an alternative look at what makes a hero, from the over-strong badass that was Saitama to the everyday heroes of Gatchaman CROWDs. For its part, Unlimited Blade Works was a welcome reminder to everyone that heroism, exemplified by the bravery of people who refuse to back down from their ideals and to do everything that's needed to realize them, has a price. For Shirou, that price might be his very future, for the anime-original epilogue of episode 25 shows him ultimately committing to a path that, in all likelihood will turn him again into Archer, an unfeeling cynic that regrets everything. In light of that, Unlimited Blade Works turns its ending from the typical heroic triumph to a glance at the other side of that coin, and a sober, bittersweet nod to the reality of ideals, and the cost of sticking to them.
4. Blood Blockade Battlefront
If Unlimited Blade Works reminded us of the cost of heroic resolve, and One Punch Man showed us how winning is often the least important part of being a hero, Blood Blockade Battlefront was a triple-rad demonstration of raw-ass heroism in action. Delaying that final episode for a whole three-plus months proved to be worth it, as Bones' epic finale involved nothing less than a battle against Satan himself, while still affirming the show's fundamental, positive message about the grace to be found in being able to live normally in a place as twisted and over-the-top as Hellsalem's Lot.
Add to that the combination of Yasuhiro Nightow's seemingly limitless imagination and the inimitable stylishness of Rie Matsumoto, and Blood Blockade Battlefront ended up a glorious (though uneven) gem to watch.
3. Death Parade
Death Parade could have gone real wrong, real quickly. Set in what amounts a purgatorial reality show where people compete in games of chance while realizing the depth of their sins is an easy way to make twelve episodes of grotesque revenge fantasy, reveling in the voyeuristic glee of passing judgment on others. Even in a fictional setting, that wouldn't exactly be classy entertainment.
Thankfully, though, the show quickly upends that notion, turning around and asking just who we are, or who anyone is, to judge a person's whole life on the few scattered moments and vignettes surrounding their deaths. This might not have been the greatest step for some folks who were looking forward to debating the relative guilt of the people who end up in Quindecim, but it made for a great, ultimately humanistic message, and an infinitely more watchable show.
2. Gatchaman CROWDS Insight
Death Parade might have subverted its original, dread potential by adopting an altogether more complex theme, but Gatchaman CROWDS Insight did no less than demolish the thesis set forth in the first season of Gatchaman CROWDS, and in doing so, become perhaps the only anime to successfully tackle the internet and contemporary social media culture.
Far too often, when we talk about a sci-fi anime, we're really just talking about an anime with a mecha in it. For better and worse, most sci-fi anime are really just anime with a futuristic setting, and often exhibit stories that could've easily happened without the sci-fi trappings. Not so with Gatchaman CROWDS, whose thick, thoughtful thematic mix is so potent that it's impossible to watch without ending up thinking hard about the manifold implications of the way we communicate and form relationships in the internet age.
Better still, Gatchaman CROWDS Insight refuses to offer simple solutions, instead preferring to provoke thought while emphasizing the importance of empathy, expertise, and the humanity at the center of all this progress. Now that's some good sci-fi.
1. One Punch Man
Was there ever really any doubt? There were programs on the air this year that were more thematically complex, thought-provoking, narratively cohesive, and outright "better" by some measures. All the same, I'm damned lucky that One Punch Man concluded its season just a couple of weeks ago, because nothing else in 2015 made me as plainly happy to watch as Madhouse's adaptation of the Shonen JUMP mega-hit, and I'd feel like I was lying if I had to put a different show in this spot because of our new rules.
Maybe it's the gorgeous animation or the rapidly expanding world of Saitama, Genos, and the Hero Association, or the devastatingly effective storytelling or the sheer hilarity of the antics on display. It's hard to pin down besides the simple fact that I had a more rad time with One Punch Man than anything else this year, which is why it's at the top of my list.
Shimoneta: A Boring World Where the Concept of Dirty Jokes Doesn't Exist
Also on Japanator: One Punch Man (9) From our database:
Oh, sweet joy: One Punch Man gets a second season - Salvador G Rodiles
Final Impressions: One Punch Man - Josh Tolentino
Annotated Anime: One Punch Man episodes 9-10 - Josh Tolentino
Annotated Anime: One Punch Man episode 8 - Josh Tolentino
Annotated Anime: One Punch Man episodes 6 and 7 - Josh Tolentino
Filed under... #anime #Annotated Anime #feature #Japanator Awards #one punch man
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2616
|
__label__cc
| 0.569442
| 0.430558
|
The Blog (Musings) of Jason L. Ma
My Upcoming Speaking Engagements & TV Appearances
By Jason Ma | 1, Book, Careers, CEOs, College & University Students, College Applications & Admissions, College Life, College Planning, Dads, Elementary School Students, Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurship, Executives, High School Students, Internships, Leadership, Mass Media, Middle School Students, Moms, Parenting, Parents, Professionals, Radio Interview, Speaking, Student Entrepreneurship, TV Appearance | No Comments
It’s my gratitude to inspire, educate, contribute, and help people grow partly as a featured speaker at influential live events and via mass media. Below is a snapshot of some of my upcoming speaking and TV engagements. If your organization is interested to invite me to speak or conduct a private seminar…
Unleashing the Full Potential of Millennial Leaders – My Fireside Chat at CEO Club of Marin
By Jason Ma | 1, Book, Careers, CEOs, College & University Students, College Life, Dads, Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurship, Executives, Leadership, Moms, Parenting, Parents, Professionals, Speaking | No Comments
It was my gratitude and pleasure contributing as the guest speaker at the CEO Club of Marin on May 10th. It was an intimate, private setting. Kudos to Paul Herrerias and Musa Akbari of Stanton Chase for organizing this. You can pick up a few tips towards the end of their…
Homeward Bound from NYC!
By Jason Ma | Book, Careers, CEOs, College & University Students, College Applications & Admissions, College Life, College Planning, Dads, Elementary School Students, Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurship, Executives, High School Students, Internships, Leadership, Mass Media, Moms, Parenting, Parents, Professionals, Speaking, Student Entrepreneurship, TV Appearance | No Comments
1’s and 0’s. Words. Data. Can’t fully express my love and gratitude with and for my fam. Human beings are a lot more spiritual (scientifically speaking!) than that. Homeward bound from NYC with my Big Girl Sabrina Ma. Her sophomore year at Georgetown University is history. We caught up and enjoyed culinary delights…
My Upcoming Radio and National TV Media Appearances
By Jason Ma | 1, Book, Careers, CEOs, College & University Students, College Applications & Admissions, College Life, College Planning, Dads, Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurship, Executives, High School Students, Internships, Leadership, Mass Media, Middle School Students, Moms, Parenting, Parents, Professionals, Radio Interview, Speaking, Student Entrepreneurship, TV Appearance | No Comments
I’d like to share with you an update that I shared with my global network of contacts this weekend. — Passionate about unleashing the full potential of next-generation leaders and achievers, I wanted to quickly update you on something that may enlighten or add value to you: 1) My next live radio…
U.S.-China Career Panel at Project Pengyou, Berkeley Chapter
By Jason Ma | Careers, CEOs, College & University Students, College Life, Dads, Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurship, Executives, Internships, Leadership, Mass Media, Moms, Parenting, Parents, Professionals, Speaking, Student Entrepreneurship | No Comments
I had a blast contributing by speaking and interacting with UC Berkeley (my alma mater) students and fellow panelists at the Berkeley Chapter of Project Pengyou (which means friend in Chinese) on April 13th. Here is the link of the event photos: https://www.facebook.com/projectpengyouberkeleychapter/photos/?tab=album&album_id=467218536809923 🙂 “Thank you so much for taking…
Congratulate College Applicants Admitted to Good Schools, Console Those Rejected
By Jason Ma | 2, Book, Careers, CEOs, College & University Students, College Applications & Admissions, College Life, College Planning, Dads, Executives, High School Students, Leadership, Mass Media, Middle School Students, Moms, Parenting, Parents, Professionals | No Comments
[Photo credit: slaviccenters.duke.edu] It makes my heart sing whenever I see or hear from my students in the U.S. and abroad that they have not only achieved a key life stage goal (such as getting admitted to a dream university, landing a great job, or getting a promotion) but…
By Jason Ma | Book, Careers, CEOs, College & University Students, College Applications & Admissions, College Life, College Planning, Dads, Elementary School Students, Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurship, Executives, High School Students, Internships, Leadership, Mass Media, Middle School Students, Moms, Parenting, Parents, Professionals, Radio Interview, Speaking, Student Entrepreneurship | No Comments
Since I started paying attention to North American media late 2015, I’ve been booked on over a dozen U.S. radio stations both national and regional, some with worldwide streaming. The common topics have been about millennials, teens, parents, employers, high school, college, career, and lifestyle. It’s interesting to see the…
B20 Employment Taskforce (for the G20)
By Jason Ma | 1, Book, Careers, CEOs, College & University Students, College Applications & Admissions, College Life, College Planning, Dads, Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurship, Executives, High School Students, Leadership, Mass Media, Moms, Parenting, Parents, Professionals, Speaking, Student Entrepreneurship | No Comments
[Photo above: Liang Xinjun (Leo), vice chairman and CEO of Fosun Group and co-chair of the 2016 B20 Employment Taskforce, and me. View my B20-related photo album here.] — The world wants good jobs. I feel that a part of my mission is to inspire and help guide the world…
Speaking about Business Innovation & Risk-Taking at the Asian American Business Roundtable
By Jason Ma | 4, Careers, CEOs, College & University Students, College Life, Dads, Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurship, Executives, High School Students, Internships, Leadership, Mass Media, Moms, Parents, Professionals, Speaking, Student Entrepreneurship | No Comments
I had a blast contributing on the panel about business innovation, risk-taking, and game changer case studies at the Asian American Business Roundtable and its inaugural Summit in Las Vegas. My fellow panelists were awesome senior millennials Bing Chen, Co-Founder and Chief Creative Officer of Victorious, and Maggie Hsu, Chief of Staff to…
How to Manage Stress, Clarify Direction, and Unleash Your Own Potential
By Jason Ma | Book, Careers, College Applications & Admissions, College Life, College Planning, Dads, Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurship, High School Students, Internships, Leadership, Middle School Students, Moms, Parenting, Parents, Speaking, Student Entrepreneurship | No Comments
Watch my Keynote Speech on “How to Manage Stress, Clarify Direction, and Unleash Your Own Potential” at the City of San Jose District 4 Youth Advisory Council Event, “AIM: Advise, Inspire, and Motivate” for High School Students in January 2016. (21-minute video) “Jason Ma left the audience speechless and awe inspired as…
© 2020 Jason L. Ma - Elite College, Career & Parent Advisor. ThreeEQ, Inc., All Rights Reserved.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2618
|
__label__wiki
| 0.537789
| 0.537789
|
© Adenine Press (2008)
Supramolecular DNA Nanotechnology
A central challenge in nanoscience is the organization of functional components into deliberately designed patterns, and the ability to modify these patterns at will. Because of its molecular recognition specificity and structural features, DNA presents a unique opportunity to address this problem. Our research group has been examining a new approach to build DNA nanostructures, in which synthetic molecules are used to control DNA self-assembly. This approach results in combining the diverse structural features of synthetic organic or inorganic molecules, as well as their multiple functionalities, with the programmable character of DNA. Specifically, we will describe (a) the modular, quantitative and simplified synthesis of 3D-DNA structures, such as DNA nanocages and nanotubes. These are created with deliberate variation of geometry, size, single- and double-stranded forms and persistence lengths. Their internal volume can be readily switched with added DNA strands. These architectures are important for encapsulation and delivery of biomolecules, as interconnects and as templates for materials growth; (b) the use of DNA to precisely position gold nanoparticles, as well as transition metals, into well-defined, discrete 2D- and 3D-structures. These materials are fundamentally important to nanoelectronic, nanooptics and catalysis; (c) the use of small molecules to effect profound changes in DNA nanostructures. Small molecules can correct ?errors? in DNA organization, and can also completely reprogram DNA self-assembly, thus expanding the DNA code into new unnatural forms; (d) the hierarchical assembly of dendritic DNA ?block copolymers? into well-defined one-dimensional structures. Thus, bringing the toolbox and concepts of supramolecular chemistry into DNA nanotechnology can enrich this field with new structures and new applications in biology and materials science.
References and Footnotes
Science 2008, 321, 1795; Angew Chem. 2006, 45, 2204; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 4130; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 10070; and J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 13376; Angew Chem. 2008, 47, 2443; Nature Nanotech., in press.
Hanadi Sleiman*
Faisal Aldaye
Peggy Lo
Karina Carneiro
Montreal, QC H3A 2K6 Canada
email Hanadi Sleiman
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2619
|
__label__wiki
| 0.965303
| 0.965303
|
Home News Selena Gomez’s Transplant Reveal Helps Rise Nearly $500K for Lupus Research
Selena Gomez’s Transplant Reveal Helps Rise Nearly $500K for Lupus Research
Selena Gomez revealed on Thursday she had a kidney transplant as a result of her lupus. (Photo: Instagram)
The kidney Selena received was donated by her friend and fellow actress, Francia Raisa. (Photo: Instagram)
“Selena’s openness and strong emotional connection to her worldwide audience has brought extraordinary awareness to a disease that is typically overlooked,” president of the Lupus Research Alliance said. (Photo: Instagram)
Selena’s donations, requesting the same from her fans on her birthday, and the kidney transplant news has helped raise nearly $500,000 dollars for lupus research. (Photo: Instagram)
Selena was diagnosed with the disease in 2010 but kept it a secret until 2013. (Photo: Instagram)
Lupus is a condition that affects the immune system. (Photo: Instagram)
Selena Gomez is using her popularity powers for good.
On Thursday, the Bad Liar singer revealed she had a kidney transplant—donated by her friend, fellow actress Francia Raisa— as a result of her lupus, explaining that was the reason why she had been laying low during the summer.
“I found out I needed to get a kidney transplant due to my Lupus and was recovering. It was what I needed to do for my overall health… There aren’t words to describe how I can possible thank my beautiful friend Francia Raisa. She gave me the ultimate gift and sacrifice by donating her kidney to me… Lupus continues to be very misunderstood but progress is being made.”
At the end of her post, which already has nearly 9 million likes on Instagram, the 25-year-old star continued to urge her fans to visit the Lupus Research Alliance site to learn about a disease that “continues to be very misunderstood but”. And Selenators listened.
Just 24 hours after breaking the news, President and CEO of the organization, Kenneth M. Farber, said in a statement that phones had been ringing off the hook.
“Selena’s openness and strong emotional connection to her worldwide audience has brought extraordinary awareness to a disease that is typically overlooked,” Farber said. “Selena has supported our organization in many ways, donating a portion of tickets sales for her last concert tour to the Lupus Research Alliance and requesting donations to us on the occasion of her birthday, as well as yesterday’s announcement. Together her appeals have raise almost $500,000 for research funded by the Lupus Research Alliance.”
This is not the first time Selena has done her part in the fight against Lupus. Earlier this year, the former Disney alum made a donation to support research into lupus at the University of Southern California’s Keck School of Medicine. Gomez made the gift to establish the Selena Gomez Fund for Lupus Research.
“I continue to be optimistic about the progress being made in lupus research,” she said in a statement. She went on: “I am hopeful for the millions of us around the world that may benefit from this.”
In 2013, Selena was force to cancel her tour in 2013 after a flare up of the condition that affects the immune system. She later revealed she had been diagnosed with lupus in 2010 and had kept it secret.
Previous article13 Foreign Celebrities Who Have Become U.S. Citizens
Next articleHappy Wife Appreciation Day! 10 Celebrities Who Are Madley In Love With Their Wives
Sexy VS model Bar Refaeli is tying the knot, sorry fellas!
Caitlyn Jenner Schmoozes With First Family, Shunned By Kardashians Despite Pleas
10 Hilarious Tweets About The Summer To Get You Through Your...
Rocker ‘Neil Young’ makes music vid ripping ‘Starbucks’ for GMO coffee...
Epic Miley Cyrus meltdown over Donald Trump
Queen Of Modesty: Mayim Bialik’s 18 Best Red Carpet Looks
Twitter Is Loving Ariana Grande’s “No Tears Left To Cry” But...
Rob Kardashian and Blac Chyna pick baby name?
Lady Gaga Is Pregnant…. But It’s Not What You Think!
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2621
|
__label__wiki
| 0.537742
| 0.537742
|
j floral art
3489 Edison Way Menlo Park, CA 94025 650.363.0313
Corsages and Boutonierres
Social Events by j floral Art
j floral art in the media
Shop for Floral
Valentine's Day Feb 14
Loving Roses Casket Spray
Item # EV 126-11
As shown Deluxe +50.00 Premium +100.00 Superior +150.00 Exquisite +200.00
For the love of your life, there's no finer, fitting tribute. Red roses mean love, forever and ever.
single orchid plant 75.00
Loving Memories Casket Spray 325.00
Colorful Memories Casket Spray 375.00
Standing Spray 250.00
3489 Edison Way
Mon: 9:00 to 1:00 Tues-Fri: 9:00 to 4:00 Sat: 9:00 to 1:00 Sun: Closed
JFloral Art in Menlo Park, CA provides flower delivery service to the following areas and zip codes in California: Atherton, Belmont, Burlingame, East Palo Alto, Foster City, Hillsborough, Los Altos, Los Altos Hills, Menlo Park, Palo Alto Downtown, Palo Alto South (south of Page Mill Rd), Portola Valley, Redwood City, Redwood Shores, San Carlos, San Mateo, Stanford University/Hospital, Woodside, Woodside (above Skyline Blvd.) 94027, 94025, 94002, 94010, 94305, 94404, 94024, 94022, 94306, 94307, 94301, 94302, 94303, 94304, 9430,5 94028, 94061, 94062, 94063, 94064, 94065, 94070, 94401, 94402, 94403
© Copyright j floral art
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2622
|
__label__cc
| 0.653026
| 0.346974
|
The Liberty Champion
Liberty Champion
2019-2020 Champion Staff
ChampiOnion
Websclusives
Entrepreneurship Tabloid
Tag: Flames Lacrosse
Chalk one up for the nice guys
April 26, 2016 Sarah Rodriguez Leave a comment
The always-smiling senior Brandt Grauss never lost a game on his home field A smiling presence on the dorm, ready to lend a helping hand or teach the gospel, yet a terror on the lacrosse field, senior defenseman Brandt Grauss played his final game at Liberty University, never losing on the home turf. Defeating the Virginia Tech Hokies April 15 […]
Waiting for a chance
March 1, 2016 Sarah Rodriguez Leave a comment
Lady Flames junior Victoria Tickle seizes her opportunity to make an impact After sitting on the bench for the majority of her freshman year, Victoria Tickle was patiently waiting for her number to be called. Halfway through the 2015 women’s lacrosse season last year, Tickle’s skills were needed on the field, and she has fully taken advantage of each opportunity […]
The Nangle effect
September 29, 2015 Kallie Britton Leave a comment
At every level, whether little league or professional, a coach’s job is to support, encourage, and teach their athletes not only the skills necessary to excel in a given sport but to instill character and witness the growth of an athlete physically, mentally and spiritually. In sports, just like life, adversity occurs whether in an injury, failure, illness or loss. […]
April 21, 2015 Ryley Rush Leave a comment
Flames lacrosse star answered God’s call to attend Liberty Brett Bernardo never thought he would end up at Liberty University. “I was like a lot of kids who said I would never go (to Liberty), I don’t want to go there, it’s not for me and it’s not what I want,” Bernardo said. “I wanted to do my own thing.” […]
Home fortress
April 8, 2014 jbunque Leave a comment
Men’s lacrosse wins its 10th straight home match Seconds after the George Washington Colonials (3-6, 1-2 SELC) scored, the Liberty Flames men’s lacrosse team (10-3, 3-0 SELC) won the faceoff and attacker Ryan Miller began to move toward the Colonials goal box. Miller found attacker Chris Armstrong cutting into the Colonials defense and slung the ball into the back of […]
Wolfpack chased down
After losing their last two games by three points, the Liberty Flames (9-3, 2-0 SELC) collected two victories against the North Carolina State University Wolfpack (5-4, 2-1 SELC) and the Auburn University Tigers (0-11, 0-3 SELC) March 29-30.
Attacker Ryan Miller led the way for the Flames […]
New league, same results for lacrosse
February 25, 2014 Derrick Battle Leave a comment
Flames torch Wake Forest and New Hampshire by a combined score of 33-7 in their first two games of the year The Liberty Flames men’s lacrosse team (2-0) defeated the Wake Forest Demon Deacons Friday, Feb. 21 (0-5, 0-1 SouthEastern Lacrosse Conference) and the New Hampshire Wildcats Sunday, Feb. 23 (1-1) in its first games in Division I (D1) play. […]
Leaving a legacy on the field
February 18, 2014 Ryley Rush One comment
Six inaugural members of the Liberty men’s lacrosse team hope to continue building on their progress Ask anyone who starts something,” senior midfielder Derek Haywood said. “It’s personal.” His statement lingered as the five teammates around him — seniors Kurt Tobias, Travis Briggs, Skylar Sipe and Miguel Lozada and first-year graduate student Mike Zumpano — voiced their wholehearted agreement. The […]
Staying positive through adversity
February 18, 2014 Jeremy Jefferson Leave a comment
Sommy Ogukwe continues to make strides after a knee injury hindered his promising young basketball career “Don’t lose sight of where you come from,” Sommy Ogukwe, a redshirt junior on Liberty’s men’s basketball team, said. Ogukwe, born in Abuja, Nigeria, had the privilege of coming to the U.S., using basketball as his means to get here. “Most of us athletes […]
Men’s lax moves up
January 28, 2014 Ryley Rush Leave a comment
The goal will stay the same despite a new division The Liberty men’s lacrosse team will make its Men’s Collegiate Lacrosse Association (MCLA) Division I (DI) debut Feb. 21 ranked eighth in the South Eastern Lacrosse Conference (SELC) per preseason polls released Jan. 2. The Flames finished the 2012-13 season with an overall record of 18-2, winning the SELC Division […]
Our latest video!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dUbAw5-WICA
Tweets by LUChampionNews
Liberty becomes third team in college football history to win bowl game in first season of eligibility
Behind Enemy Bylines: Cure Bowl preview with Georgia Southern Student Editor
It’s Cure Bowl weekend, and here’s what you need to know
Antonio Gandy-Golden: Flames wide receiver looks ahead to NFL prospects in the future
Flames football defeats NMSU to earn bowl eligibility for the first time in program history
Stephen Buckshot Calvert: senior quarterback reflects on final season and future aspirations
Senior swimmer breaks records while earning nursing degree
Cross-country athletes look from end of season to beginning of indoor track
Women’s hockey player finds home on the ice in Lynchburg with Lady Flames team
Kristin on Candace Owens and husband converse about Brexit, feminism and marriage with President Falwell, Becki and Nasser during Convocation
jayino on Opinion: Using an inclusive holiday greeting promotes peace
Charles “Jughead “ Hardage on Liberty becomes third team in college football history to win bowl game in first season of eligibility
Nils on Opinion: Taylor Swift is a bad influence on young girls
ICDST on It’s Cure Bowl weekend, and here’s what you need to know
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2625
|
__label__cc
| 0.554438
| 0.445562
|
Pgc: Spurgeon on the Psalms #01: Psalm 1-25 (#01 in Spurgeon On The Psalms Series)
by Charles H Spurgeon
Paperback|Feb 2015
Spurgeon On The Psalms
New Pure Gold Classic. This is Book 1 of 6 based on Charles Spurgeon's "The Treasury of David," containing the Psalm and Spurgeon's commentary.
Available Now.
Expected to ship on Monday from Australia.
Pgc: Spurgeon on the Psalms #02: Psalm 26-50 (#02 in Spurgeon On The Psalms Series)
Charles H Spurgeon
Pgc: Spurgeon on the Psalms (Book Four) (#04 in Spurgeon On The Psalms Series)
Pgc: Spurgeon on the Psalms (Book 1) (#01 in Spurgeon On The Psalms Series)
Pgc: Spurgeon on the Psalms (Book Two) (#02 in Spurgeon On The Psalms Series)
Spurgeon on the Psalms #04: Psalms 80-106 (Pure Gold Classics Series)
Psalms #01 (1-85) (Crossway Classic Commentaries Series)
Parallel Commentary on the Psalms
Charles H Spurgeon, John Calvin, Matthew Henry
Psalms #02 (86-150) (Crossway Classic Commentaries Series)
Department Academic
Category Old Testament Commentaries
Sub-Category Psalms
Publisher Bridge Logos
Publication Date Feb 2015
Sales Rank 29281
Dimensions 217 x 137 x 19mm
Charles Haddon Spurgeon, (1834 - 1892) served for thirty years as preacher and pastor of London's six-thousand-seat Metropolitan Tabernacle. Converted in 1850 at the age of fifteen, he began to help the poor and to hand out tracts; he was known as "The Boy Preacher." He preached his first sermon at the age of sixteen. At age eighteen, he became the pastor of Waterbeach Baptist Chapel, preaching in a barn. In 1856, Spurgeon married Susannah Thompson; they had twin sons, both of whom later entered the ministry. Spurgeon's compelling sermons and lively preaching style drew multitudes of people, and many came to Christ. Soon, the crowds had grown so large that they blocked the narrow streets near the church. Services eventually had to be held in rented halls, and Spurgeon often preached to congregations of more than ten thousand. The Metropolitan Tabernacle was built in 1861 to accommodate the large numbers of people. The prime minister of England, members of the royal family, and Florence Nightingale, among others, went to hear him preach. Spurgeon preached to an estimated ten million people throughout his life. Not surprisingly, he is called the "Prince of Preachers". In addition to his powerful preaching, Spurgeon founded and supported charitable outreaches, including educational institutions. He also founded the famous Stockwell Orphanage. His writings, including thousands of sermons, are still popular with pastors and devotional readers who, like him, treasure the gospel of God's grace.
Bestsellers in Old Testament Commentaries
Psalms 1-89 (Focus On The Bible Commentary Series)
Eric Lane
Message of Psalms 1-72, The: Songs For the People of God (Bible Speaks Today Series)
Michael Wilcock
Psalms By the Day: A New Devotional Translation
Alec Motyer
The Psalms as Christian Praise: A Historical Commentary
Bruce Waltke, James M Houston
Teaching Psalms (Volume 2) (Proclamation Trust's "Preaching The Bible" Series)
Psalms : Psalms 1-72 (Volume 1) (Mentor Commentary Series)
Allan M Harman
Shalom in Psalms: A Devotional From the Jewish Heart of the Christian Faith
Jeffrey Seif, Glenn Blank, Paul Wilbur
Psalms #02: Chapters 73-150 (Teach The Text Commentary Series)
C Hassell Bullock
Psalms #01: Chapters 1-72 (Teach The Text Commentary Series)
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2626
|
__label__wiki
| 0.857241
| 0.857241
|
ROCK Empire Sign in / Sign up
Contest Rules and Regulations
Kingston News, October 18, 2017
by scott.martin on October 18, 2017, 10:10am. EST
Gord Downie – Obit
The Tragically Hip’s Gord Downie dead at age 53
Gord Downie, the poetic lead singer of the Tragically Hip whose determined fight with brain cancer inspired a nation, has died, according to a statement on the band’s website.
He was 53.
In the wake of his diagnosis with glioblastoma – an incurable form of cancer – the musician became a symbol of perseverance in the face of his mortality.
He spent the last chapter of his life raising funds for brain cancer research and advocating for the rights of Canada’s Indigenous Peoples.
One of the country’s most revered singer-songwriters, Downie penned a steady stream of 1990s rock radio staples including “New Orleans Is Sinking,” “Blow at High Dough,” “Courage,” “Ahead By a Century” and “Bobcaygeon.”
The country was shocked when Downie revealed his terminal cancer diagnosis in May 2016. The band’s subsequent tour sold out nearly immediately.
Source: The Canadian Press
Robbery Suspect Arrested
A 52 year old Kingston man wanted for the robbery of the CIBC branch at Brock and Bagot Streets last week was arrested at a shelter in Belleville on Monday.
Laura McLean of Jessie’s House in Belleville says the man broke down in tears when he told her what he did and she convinced him to call police.
52 year old Michael James Behan was arrested by Belleville police and returned to Kingston where he attended a bail hearing yesterday.
Lyndhurst – Break In
The Leeds and Thousand Islands detachment of the OPP is hoping the public can help track down whoever stole guns and ammunition from a home in Lyndhurst.
Police say the home was broken into sometime overnight on October 13th and 14th.
Thieves removed firearms, ammunition, a television, tools and alcohol.
Anyone with information that might help the investigation is being asked to contact the OPP or Crime Stoppers.
Napanee OPP – SIU
A Napanee OPP officer has been cleared of any criminal wrongdoing after a woman suffered injuries last year. The Special Investigations Unit (SIU) says there are no reasonable grounds for charges.
The investigation into the incident found the 23-year-old woman suffered a fractured wrist on April 2nd of 2016 after the driver of a vehicle she was a passenger in refused to stop for police, and crashed into a bridge abutment in Napanee. The SIU says the injury occurred when she got out of the vehicle in an attempt to evade police and fell down an embankment.
William Reason Sr. – Obit
He’s being remembered as a sportsman, humanitarian and a loving family man.
People are sharing fond memories of William Reason Sr. after his passed away on Sunday at Providence Manor. He was 94 years old.
Reason is a member of the Kingston and District Sports Hall of Fame.
He coached hockey and baseball for 50 years and was a founder of the Kingston Voyageurs hockey team. Visitation takes place tomorrow at the Gordon F. Tompkins Funeral Home on Colborne Street.
The funeral mass will be held at St. Joseph’s Catholic Church Friday morning at 10:30.
Survey says…Kingston is a good place for women to live.
The Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives has ranked 25 cities in Canada and Kingston is fourth on the list.
Victoria, Gatineau and Hamilton are ahead of Kingston and Vancouver is ranked fifth.
The study looked at differences between men’s and women’s access to economic and personal security, education, health and positions of leadership in Canada’s 25 biggest cities.
A plaque will be unveiled today to recognize Kingston’s War of 1812 Shipwrecks as a national historic site…two years after the government made the original announcement.
Parks Canada and the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada will unveil the plaque at a ceremony this morning at Fort Henry. There are three known 1812 wrecks in the Kingston area.
Filed under: Break In, Good Canadian City, Gord Downie, Lyndhurst, Napanee OPP, Robbery Suspect, Shipwrecks, SIU, Study, Tragically Hip, William Reason Sr., Women
Get Social with K-Rock
Sign up For the ROCK Empire
Exclusive stories, contests and local events delivered straight to your inbox
Radioplayer Canada – iOS
Radioplayer Canada – Android
Eastern Ontario Jobs
863 Princess Street, Suite 301 Kingston, Ontario K7L 5N4 © 2013 - 2020 Rogers Media. All rights reserved.
Subscribe to K-ROCK 105.7 newsletters
ROCK Mail Daily
Daily updates for Weather ,News, Sports, Entertainment.
ROCK Mail
Weekly updates for ongoing contests, and upcoming events.
Send me promotions ,surveys and info from K-Rock 105.7 and other Rogers brands.
Send me alerts ,event notifications and special deals or information from our carefully screened partners that may be of interest to me.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2630
|
__label__wiki
| 0.996235
| 0.996235
|
Storm Tracker
School Day at the K
Mayor Promise Tracker
Verrückt: Built to Thrill
SafeKC
Kansas Jayhawks Sports
COZI TV
Taste & See KC
Move for Good KC
Watch 41 Action News Live
Mobile and video apps
Fill the Fridge
Better Business Bureau Partners
KC Home Improvement Specialists
Now You Know How
38 The Spot
Kansas City Live
Quick links... Weather Local News Investigators SafeKC Traffic Chiefs Contests
UCLA shooting victim called 'gentle soul'
<p>Police officers respond to the scene of a fatal shooting at the University of California, Los Angeles, Wednesday, June 1, 2016, in Los Angeles. (Genaro Molina/Los Angeles Times via AP) NO FORNS; NO SALES; MAGS OUT; ORANGE COUNTY REGISTER OUT; LOS ANGELES DAILY NEWS OUT; INLAND VALLEY DAILY BULLETIN OUT; MANDATORY CREDIT, TV OUT</p>
LOS ANGELES (AP) — The victim of a murder-suicide that locked down the UCLA campus for hours was a mechanical engineering professor who was married with two children, according to authorities and friends.
A law enforcement official who spoke on condition of anonymity because the official was not authorized to speak publicly about the case identified the victim as William Klug.
The shooter in Wednesday's violence was identified as Mainak Sarkar by Los Angeles police officials.
Those who knew the 39-year-old Klug said he was kind and patient, and that there was no indication he had a conflict with anyone.
"He's a great guy, great father, great husband," said Peter Gianusso, president of the El Segundo Little League and a friend of the Klug's.
He said Klug coached his 10-year-old son's team and spent countless hours on the field with the boys and girls in the league.
"Today there's a hole in the heart of El Segundo Little League," Gianusso said. "They really can't believe it because Bill was one of the kindest, most light-hearted, quiet person that you'd ever meet. Just a great nice guy all around and to meet his death in such a tragic and horrific manner, is just shocking and unbelievable."
Gianusso said Klug had a younger daughter but did not know her age.
He said he can't imagine Klug having any problems with anyone after watching him interact with the children in the league. "I just can't wrap my head around that," he said.
Charles Knobler, a biology and chemistry professor at UCLA who said he knew Klug for 10 years, said he last saw Klug for lunch last week.
"I just can't believe it," Knobler said. "I never, ever thought Bill Klug would have been the person who was involved. It's beyond belief that someone did this.
"He's a very lively, lovable, likable guy," Knobler added.
Jim Gimzewski, another colleague at UCLA, was in tears talking about Klug, who he said was "kind, gentle soul with a brilliant mind."
"He's such a young professor. He was just very kind and respectful," Gimzewski said. "I could never have guessed that this would happen to him. It's just so tragic."
Klug was working in the complex and intricate study of computational biomechanics. He and his collaborators worked on developing computer models to study such things as the protein shells of viruses and the contraction of the human heart.
Some viruses, for instance, change shape as they mature and become infectious.
"He was trying to discover how that happened," said Alex Levine, a physics and biochemistry professor who collaborated with Klug and was his friend for a decade.
"I was shocked and I'm still shocked. I'm devastated to lose a friend and a colleague," Levine said.
Klug also was an avid surfer and had a strong Christian faith, colleagues said.
Renjie Li, a 21-year-old mechanical engineering junior at UCLA, said Klug was one of his favorite professors.
"He was smart, very patient," Li said. "When I took his class last year, I always went to his office hours and asked a bunch of questions, and he always answered with passion. He's very approachable."
Just last month, he said Klug agreed to write a recommendation letter for his application to grad school.
"I'm outraged," Li said. "He had such a bright future."
kshbtv
41ActionNews
user/NBCActionNews
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2633
|
__label__wiki
| 0.985167
| 0.985167
|
Tamil Version
Lanka Image
Sri Lanka's most important news collector. We publish news from the trusted websites in the world.
#PressPoll2019 AG Agriculture Allianz Arrest Attorney General Batticaloa Sharia Campus Biz Buddhism Business Career guidance Carols Court CPC Cricket Crime Cultivation Daily News - Jeevan Thiagarajah Dayasiri Jayasekara Defence Drugs EFL Election Results Election Results 2019 England vs Sri Lanka Entertainment EU Fashion feature featured features Film Food Foreign Affairs Foreign education consultant Gamini Senarath Gammanpila General Election Hanaa Singer Hirunika Premachandra IGP India Inspector General of Police International international scholar IT killing Kitchen law local Mahinda Rajapaksa Maithreepala Sirisena Malaysia education Malaysia scholarship Media Movies MR MS Music Navy news PAFFREL Parliament PM Police political Political News Sri Lanka Presidencial Election President Presidential Election 2019 Prime Minister Prorogue protest Ranil Wickremesinghe README Recipes Rehabilitation RW School security Singer Sri Lanka SLFP SLPP Sports Sri Lanka Business Sri Lanka foreign education study abroad T20 Tamil Nadu Technology Train UN United Nations UNP Warn World World News
Archive Jan 18 (3) Jan 17 (23) Jan 16 (36) Jan 15 (10) Jan 14 (23) Jan 13 (39) Jan 12 (2) Jan 11 (22) Jan 10 (1) Jan 09 (22) Jan 08 (23) Jan 07 (23) Jan 06 (39) Jan 05 (1) Jan 04 (3) Jan 03 (24) Jan 02 (32) Jan 01 (23) Dec 31 (13) Dec 30 (37) Dec 29 (5) Dec 28 (1) Dec 27 (41) Dec 26 (21) Dec 24 (23) Dec 23 (38) Dec 22 (4) Dec 21 (2) Dec 20 (23) Dec 19 (23) Dec 18 (23) Dec 17 (23) Dec 16 (39) Dec 15 (6) Dec 14 (2) Dec 13 (21) Dec 12 (40) Dec 11 (12) Dec 10 (17) Dec 09 (37) Dec 07 (3) Dec 06 (21) Dec 05 (23) Dec 04 (23) Dec 03 (23) Dec 02 (34) Dec 01 (12) Nov 30 (8) Nov 29 (21) Nov 28 (28) Nov 27 (18) Nov 26 (23) Nov 25 (39) Nov 24 (3) Nov 22 (23) Nov 21 (23) Nov 20 (23) Nov 19 (25) Nov 18 (33) Nov 17 (5) Nov 16 (6) Nov 15 (20) Nov 14 (23) Nov 13 (37) Nov 12 (9) Nov 11 (45) Nov 08 (23) Nov 07 (23) Nov 06 (23) Nov 05 (23) Nov 04 (34) Nov 02 (2) Nov 01 (23) Oct 31 (23) Oct 30 (23) Oct 29 (23) Oct 28 (42) Oct 27 (1) Oct 26 (11) Oct 25 (23) Oct 24 (26) Oct 23 (20) Oct 22 (23) Oct 21 (33) Oct 19 (8) Oct 18 (23) Oct 17 (23) Oct 16 (23) Oct 15 (23) Oct 14 (46) Oct 12 (4) Oct 11 (21) Oct 10 (23) Oct 09 (23) Oct 08 (23) Oct 07 (35) Oct 06 (1) Oct 05 (8) Oct 04 (22) Oct 03 (23) Oct 02 (23) Oct 01 (23) Sep 30 (44) Sep 29 (2) Sep 28 (3) Sep 27 (23) Sep 26 (23) Sep 25 (23) Sep 24 (23) Sep 23 (36) Sep 22 (2) Sep 21 (18) Sep 20 (22) Sep 19 (23) Sep 18 (23) Sep 17 (23) Sep 16 (36) Sep 15 (2) Sep 14 (38) Sep 13 (14) Sep 12 (11) Sep 11 (23) Sep 10 (23) Sep 09 (22) Sep 07 (5) Sep 06 (22) Sep 05 (23) Sep 04 (23) Sep 03 (23) Sep 02 (29) Sep 01 (1) Aug 31 (24) Aug 30 (16) Aug 29 (23) Aug 28 (23) Aug 27 (23) Aug 26 (42) Aug 23 (23) Aug 22 (23) Aug 21 (23) Aug 20 (23) Aug 19 (40) Aug 18 (4) Aug 16 (23) Aug 15 (43) Aug 14 (2) Aug 13 (45) Aug 12 (19) Aug 11 (4) Aug 09 (23) Aug 08 (23) Aug 07 (23) Aug 06 (23) Aug 05 (43) Aug 03 (5) Aug 02 (20) Aug 01 (23) Jul 31 (23) Jul 30 (23) Jul 29 (40) Jul 26 (23) Jul 25 (23) Jul 24 (23) Jul 23 (23) Jul 22 (36) Jul 20 (6) Jul 19 (20) Jul 18 (23) Jul 17 (36) Jul 15 (37) Jul 13 (3) Jul 12 (20) Jul 11 (23) Jul 10 (23) Jul 09 (23) Jul 08 (37) Jul 06 (2) Jul 05 (23) Jul 04 (23) Jul 03 (23) Jul 02 (23) Jul 01 (40) Jun 29 (2) Jun 28 (23) Jun 27 (23) Jun 26 (23) Jun 25 (23) Jun 24 (35) Jun 22 (2) Jun 21 (23) Jun 20 (23) Jun 19 (24) Jun 18 (22) Jun 17 (35) Jun 16 (1) Jun 15 (4) Jun 14 (21) Jun 13 (23) Jun 12 (23) Jun 11 (23) Jun 10 (31) Jun 08 (6) Jun 07 (37) Jun 06 (19) Jun 05 (13) Jun 04 (23) Jun 03 (38) Jun 01 (11) May 31 (22) May 30 (36) May 29 (43) May 28 (55) May 27 (40) May 25 (17) May 24 (43) May 23 (44) May 22 (21) May 21 (48) May 20 (26) May 19 (9) May 18 (21) May 17 (41) May 16 (57) May 15 (48) May 14 (61) May 13 (40) May 12 (7) May 11 (15) May 10 (37) May 09 (49) May 08 (47) May 07 (49) May 06 (46) May 05 (12) May 04 (23) May 03 (40) May 02 (49) May 01 (17) Apr 30 (47) Apr 29 (39) Apr 27 (11) Apr 26 (35) Apr 25 (37) Apr 24 (35) Apr 23 (39) Apr 22 (32) Apr 21 (9) Apr 20 (17) Apr 19 (25) Apr 18 (38) Apr 17 (34) Apr 16 (26) Apr 15 (1) Apr 13 (12) Apr 12 (27) Apr 11 (60) Apr 10 (41) Apr 09 (36) Apr 08 (44) Apr 07 (1) Apr 06 (22) Apr 05 (49) Apr 04 (52) Apr 03 (51) Apr 02 (36) Apr 01 (54) Mar 30 (18) Mar 29 (29) Mar 28 (33) Mar 27 (55) Mar 26 (62) Mar 25 (48) Mar 23 (21) Mar 22 (46) Mar 21 (55) Mar 20 (36) Mar 19 (44) Mar 18 (51) Mar 16 (15) Mar 15 (58) Mar 14 (37) Mar 13 (41) Mar 12 (63) Mar 11 (48) Mar 10 (2) Mar 09 (17) Mar 08 (44) Mar 07 (63) Mar 06 (52) Mar 05 (35) Mar 04 (42) Mar 03 (2) Mar 02 (19) Mar 01 (45) Feb 28 (46) Feb 27 (55) Feb 26 (52) Feb 25 (49) Feb 24 (1) Feb 23 (29) Feb 22 (52) Feb 21 (45) Feb 20 (53) Feb 19 (26) Feb 18 (44) Feb 16 (22) Feb 15 (31) Feb 14 (37) Feb 13 (41) Feb 12 (64) Feb 11 (52) Feb 09 (14) Feb 08 (52) Feb 07 (52) Feb 06 (51) Feb 05 (48) Feb 04 (16) Feb 03 (1) Feb 02 (16) Feb 01 (46) Jan 31 (63) Jan 30 (59) Jan 29 (55) Jan 28 (45) Jan 27 (3) Jan 26 (19) Jan 25 (40) Jan 24 (61) Jan 23 (53) Jan 22 (61) Jan 21 (42) Jan 20 (1) Jan 19 (21) Jan 18 (45) Jan 17 (69) Jan 16 (48) Jan 15 (23) Jan 14 (58) Jan 12 (20) Jan 11 (45) Jan 10 (51) Jan 09 (43) Jan 08 (55) Jan 07 (40) Jan 06 (2) Jan 05 (12) Jan 04 (52) Jan 03 (45) Jan 02 (40) Jan 01 (28) Dec 31 (40) Dec 29 (14) Dec 28 (34) Dec 27 (37) Dec 26 (28) Dec 25 (26) Dec 24 (24) Dec 23 (5) Dec 22 (29) Dec 21 (43) Dec 20 (44) Dec 19 (68) Dec 18 (56) Dec 17 (45) Dec 16 (5) Dec 15 (11) Dec 14 (44) Dec 13 (57) Dec 12 (48) Dec 11 (49) Dec 10 (34) Dec 09 (1) Dec 08 (26) Dec 07 (38) Dec 06 (50) Dec 05 (52) Dec 04 (53) Dec 03 (48) Dec 02 (8) Dec 01 (24) Nov 30 (44) Nov 29 (35) Nov 28 (42) Nov 27 (52) Nov 26 (31) Nov 25 (3) Nov 24 (25) Nov 23 (41) Nov 22 (36) Nov 21 (35) Nov 20 (33) Nov 19 (27) Nov 17 (20) Nov 16 (38) Nov 15 (27) Nov 14 (37) Nov 13 (46) Nov 12 (30) Nov 11 (5) Nov 10 (9) Nov 09 (8) Nov 08 (8) Nov 07 (8) Nov 06 (9) Nov 05 (10) Nov 03 (8) Nov 02 (10) Nov 01 (15) Oct 31 (16) Oct 30 (17) Oct 29 (19) Oct 28 (4) Oct 27 (16) Oct 26 (17) Oct 25 (16) Oct 24 (17) Oct 23 (16) Oct 22 (17) Oct 20 (15) Oct 19 (16) Oct 18 (17) Oct 17 (16) Oct 16 (16) Oct 15 (16) Oct 13 (16) Oct 12 (17) Oct 11 (16) Oct 10 (17) Oct 09 (17) Oct 08 (16) Oct 06 (16) Oct 05 (16) Oct 04 (16) Oct 03 (19) Oct 02 (17) Oct 01 (16) Sep 29 (15) Sep 28 (16) Sep 27 (16) Sep 26 (18) Sep 25 (20) Sep 24 (16) Sep 22 (15) Sep 21 (16) Sep 20 (16) Sep 19 (17) Sep 18 (16) Sep 17 (17) Sep 15 (15) Sep 14 (17) Sep 13 (19) Sep 12 (17) Sep 11 (16) Sep 10 (16) Sep 09 (2) Sep 08 (18) Sep 07 (17) Sep 06 (16) Sep 05 (18) Sep 04 (15) Sep 03 (16) Sep 01 (15) Aug 31 (16) Aug 30 (17) Aug 29 (16) Aug 28 (16) Aug 27 (22) Aug 25 (15) Aug 24 (17) Aug 23 (16) Aug 22 (17) Aug 21 (18) Aug 20 (22) Aug 18 (15) Aug 17 (19) Aug 16 (16) Aug 15 (16) Aug 14 (16) Aug 13 (15) Aug 11 (16) Aug 10 (16) Aug 09 (17) Aug 08 (16) Aug 07 (17) Aug 06 (16) Aug 04 (15) Aug 03 (19) Aug 02 (16) Aug 01 (16) Jul 31 (16) Jul 30 (16) Jul 28 (17) Jul 27 (17) Jul 26 (16) Jul 25 (16) Jul 24 (16) Jul 23 (16) Jul 21 (15) Jul 20 (23) Jul 19 (18) Jul 18 (20) Jul 17 (22) Jul 16 (16) Jul 14 (16) Jul 13 (21) Jul 12 (17) Jul 11 (22) Jul 10 (22) Jul 09 (20) Jul 07 (15) Jul 06 (19) Jul 05 (25) Jul 04 (22) Jul 03 (20) Jul 02 (21) Jun 30 (17) Jun 29 (2) Jun 21 (1) Jun 20 (4) Jun 19 (4) Jun 18 (2) Jun 14 (3) May 28 (5) May 27 (1) May 25 (4) May 24 (5) May 23 (5) May 22 (2) May 21 (20) May 20 (4) May 19 (16) May 18 (3) May 17 (7) May 16 (3) May 15 (4) May 14 (19) May 11 (1) May 10 (17) May 09 (4) May 08 (21) May 07 (16) May 05 (1) May 04 (3) May 03 (4) May 02 (20) May 01 (20) Apr 30 (19) Apr 28 (15) Apr 27 (5) Apr 26 (21) Apr 25 (16) Apr 24 (18) Apr 23 (19) Apr 21 (15) Apr 20 (19) Apr 19 (19) Apr 18 (15) Apr 17 (14) Apr 16 (3) Apr 13 (15) Apr 12 (3) Apr 11 (19) Apr 10 (19) Apr 09 (18) Apr 07 (15) Apr 06 (19) Apr 05 (17) Apr 04 (19) Apr 03 (20) Apr 02 (22) Mar 31 (15) Mar 30 (15) Mar 29 (18) Mar 28 (19) Mar 27 (18) Mar 26 (15) Mar 24 (14) Mar 23 (18) Mar 22 (15) Mar 21 (20) Mar 20 (16) Mar 19 (17) Mar 17 (15) Mar 16 (17) Mar 15 (19) Mar 14 (18) Mar 13 (18) Mar 12 (18) Mar 10 (15) Mar 09 (18) Mar 08 (18) Mar 07 (17) Mar 06 (15) Mar 05 (17) Mar 03 (16) Mar 02 (19) Mar 01 (19) Feb 28 (18) Feb 27 (18) Feb 26 (20) Feb 24 (15) Feb 23 (18) Feb 22 (20) Feb 21 (20) Feb 20 (17) Feb 19 (17) Feb 17 (15) Feb 16 (20) Feb 15 (21) Feb 14 (17) Feb 13 (17) Feb 12 (15) Feb 11 (2) Feb 10 (16) Feb 09 (17) Feb 08 (18) Feb 07 (21) Feb 06 (20) Feb 05 (20) Feb 03 (15) Feb 02 (19) Feb 01 (17) Jan 31 (18) Jan 30 (18) Jan 29 (20) Jan 27 (15) Jan 26 (21) Jan 25 (17) Jan 24 (17) Jan 23 (18) Jan 22 (24) Jan 20 (16) Jan 19 (21) Jan 18 (19) Jan 17 (21) Jan 16 (22) Jan 15 (19) Jan 13 (15) Jan 12 (22) Jan 11 (17) Jan 10 (19) Jan 09 (22) Jan 08 (22) Jan 06 (16) Jan 05 (19) Jan 04 (17) Jan 03 (21) Jan 02 (18) Jan 01 (15) Dec 30 (15) Dec 29 (19) Dec 28 (19) Dec 27 (16) Dec 26 (15) Dec 25 (16) Dec 23 (15) Dec 22 (16) Dec 21 (20) Dec 20 (20) Dec 19 (20) Dec 18 (21) Dec 16 (15) Dec 15 (21) Dec 14 (18) Dec 13 (20) Dec 12 (19) Dec 11 (20) Dec 09 (15) Dec 08 (19) Dec 07 (20) Dec 06 (19) Dec 05 (16) Dec 04 (20) Dec 02 (17) Dec 01 (19) Nov 30 (20) Nov 29 (17) Nov 28 (21) Nov 27 (23) Nov 25 (15) Nov 24 (24) Nov 23 (20) Nov 22 (18) Nov 21 (20) Nov 20 (24) Nov 18 (16) Nov 17 (26) Nov 16 (24) Nov 15 (21) Nov 14 (27) Nov 13 (22) Nov 11 (15) Nov 10 (21) Nov 09 (20) Nov 08 (23) Nov 07 (23) Nov 06 (24) Nov 04 (17) Nov 03 (15) Nov 02 (26) Nov 01 (23) Oct 31 (24) Oct 30 (29) Oct 28 (15) Oct 27 (40) Oct 26 (27) Oct 25 (25) Oct 24 (31) Oct 23 (26) Oct 21 (21) Oct 20 (15) Oct 19 (30) Oct 18 (19) Oct 17 (25) Oct 16 (27) Oct 14 (17) Oct 13 (26) Oct 12 (46) Oct 11 (31) Oct 10 (30) Oct 09 (36) Oct 07 (15) Oct 06 (24) Oct 05 (20) Oct 04 (18) Oct 03 (23) Oct 02 (31) Oct 01 (1) Sep 30 (15) Sep 29 (20) Sep 28 (21) Sep 27 (33) Sep 26 (25) Sep 25 (35) Sep 23 (16) Sep 22 (19) Sep 21 (28) Sep 20 (33) Sep 19 (26) Sep 18 (29) Sep 16 (16) Sep 15 (32) Sep 14 (26) Sep 13 (25) Sep 12 (27) Sep 11 (28) Sep 09 (15) Sep 08 (21) Sep 07 (32) Sep 06 (29) Sep 05 (25) Sep 04 (28) Sep 02 (16) Sep 01 (30) Aug 31 (15) Aug 30 (23) Aug 29 (26) Aug 28 (23) Aug 26 (15) Aug 25 (25) Aug 24 (26) Aug 23 (32) Aug 22 (30) Aug 21 (31) Aug 19 (15) Aug 18 (23) Aug 17 (39) Aug 16 (24) Aug 15 (21) Aug 14 (23) Aug 12 (15) Aug 11 (21) Aug 10 (31) Aug 09 (30) Aug 08 (27) Aug 07 (22) Aug 05 (15) Aug 04 (24) Aug 03 (26) Aug 02 (33) Aug 01 (32) Jul 31 (30) Jul 29 (16) Jul 28 (30) Jul 27 (26) Jul 26 (28) Jul 25 (30) Jul 24 (32) Jul 23 (1) Jul 22 (15) Jul 21 (23) Jul 20 (23) Jul 19 (27) Jul 18 (31) Jul 17 (21) Jul 15 (15) Jul 14 (21) Jul 13 (29) Jul 12 (27) Jul 11 (36) Jul 10 (26) Jul 09 (1) Jul 08 (15) Jul 07 (22) Jul 06 (28) Jul 05 (23) Jul 04 (26) Jul 03 (26) Jul 02 (1) Jul 01 (23) Jun 30 (21) Jun 29 (27) Jun 28 (30) Jun 27 (28) Jun 26 (24) Jun 25 (1) Jun 24 (16) Jun 23 (26) Jun 22 (25) Jun 21 (25) Jun 20 (22) Jun 19 (27) Jun 17 (15) Jun 16 (19) Jun 15 (21) Jun 14 (26) Jun 13 (22) Jun 12 (26) Jun 11 (1) Jun 10 (15) Jun 09 (23) Jun 08 (17) Jun 07 (24) Jun 06 (25) Jun 05 (32) Jun 04 (4) Jun 03 (16) Jun 02 (25) Jun 01 (31) May 31 (35) May 30 (25) May 29 (28) May 28 (1) May 27 (15) May 26 (24) May 25 (21) May 24 (27) May 23 (30) May 22 (24) May 21 (2) May 20 (16) May 19 (23) May 18 (31) May 17 (26) May 16 (39) May 15 (24) May 14 (2) May 13 (17) May 12 (32) May 11 (19) May 10 (23) May 09 (28) May 08 (26) May 06 (17) May 05 (27) May 04 (21) May 03 (35) May 02 (22) May 01 (22) Apr 29 (16) Apr 28 (30) Apr 27 (24) Apr 26 (25) Apr 25 (30) Apr 24 (45) Apr 23 (2) Apr 22 (18) Apr 21 (23) Apr 20 (23) Apr 19 (27) Apr 18 (21) Apr 17 (22) Apr 16 (5) Apr 15 (3) Apr 14 (1) Apr 13 (15) Apr 12 (18) Apr 11 (21) Apr 10 (20) Apr 09 (3) Apr 08 (17) Apr 07 (25) Apr 06 (26) Apr 05 (21) Apr 04 (27) Apr 03 (26) Apr 01 (17) Mar 31 (16) Mar 30 (23) Mar 29 (20) Mar 28 (23) Mar 27 (20) Mar 26 (1) Mar 25 (17) Mar 24 (23) Mar 23 (17) Mar 22 (23) Mar 21 (23) Mar 20 (20) Mar 18 (15) Mar 17 (22) Mar 16 (19) Mar 15 (27) Mar 14 (19) Mar 13 (44) Mar 12 (2) Mar 11 (19) Mar 10 (37) Mar 09 (20) Mar 08 (20) Mar 07 (21) Mar 06 (20) Mar 05 (1) Mar 04 (17) Mar 03 (24) Mar 02 (21) Mar 01 (31) Feb 28 (22) Feb 27 (21) Feb 25 (16) Feb 24 (24) Feb 23 (19) Feb 22 (25) Feb 21 (23) Feb 20 (20) Feb 19 (4) Feb 18 (15) Feb 17 (21) Feb 16 (23) Feb 15 (25) Feb 14 (19) Feb 13 (23) Feb 12 (1) Feb 11 (17) Feb 10 (22) Feb 09 (24) Feb 08 (22) Feb 07 (25) Feb 06 (26) Feb 05 (5) Feb 04 (16) Feb 03 (26) Feb 02 (23) Feb 01 (26) Jan 31 (25) Jan 30 (21) Jan 29 (2) Jan 28 (16) Jan 27 (21) Jan 26 (22) Jan 25 (21) Jan 24 (19) Jan 23 (26) Jan 21 (20) Jan 20 (20) Jan 19 (19) Jan 18 (17) Jan 17 (23) Jan 16 (23) Jan 15 (1) Jan 14 (33) Jan 13 (21) Jan 12 (22) Jan 11 (18) Jan 10 (21) Jan 09 (17) Jan 08 (2) Jan 07 (18) Jan 06 (23) Jan 05 (19) Jan 04 (23) Jan 03 (23) Jan 02 (22) Dec 31 (15) Dec 30 (18) Dec 29 (18) Dec 28 (29) Dec 27 (21) Dec 26 (20) Dec 25 (1) Dec 24 (19) Dec 23 (24) Dec 22 (33) Dec 21 (32) Dec 20 (32) Dec 19 (26) Dec 17 (16) Dec 16 (28) Dec 15 (16) Dec 14 (26) Dec 13 (23) Dec 12 (24) Dec 10 (15) Dec 09 (26) Dec 08 (21) Dec 07 (25) Dec 06 (26) Dec 05 (29) Dec 04 (1) Dec 03 (21) Dec 02 (3)
Home Biz Business Sri Lanka Business Reducing import duties can make Sri Lanka an attractive shopping destination for tourists – ODEL Chairman
Reducing import duties can make Sri Lanka an attractive shopping destination for tourists – ODEL Chairman
September 06, 2019 Biz , Business , Sri Lanka Business Edit
Sri Lanka’s leading fashion retailer Odel PLC, says it is working closely with both the government and policy-makers to reduce the duty on imports to render Sri Lanka as an attractive shopping destination to tourists. “As the pioneer in the fashion retail space, Odel is working closely with both the government and policy-makers to reduce the duty on imports to render Sri Lanka as an attractive shopping destination to tourists on par or even better than other regional shopping hubs. We are hoping our lobbying efforts for the industry will help liberalize the market and reduce tariffs to earn valuable foreign revenue for the country.” Odel PLC Chairman Ashok Pathirage told shareholders in the 2018/19 annual report. Speaking further Pathirage noted that if the country can strike the right balance between retail and tourism, the opportunities are limitless For Sri Lanka as a shopping destination. “A substantial component of Odel’s business is generated from tourists, hence it is vital that the tourism industry is on an upward trajectory. The financial year 2019/20 will be an eventful one, in terms of the opening of a new Odel Department Store at the One Galle Face Mall managed by the Shangri-la Group, which spans 54,000 sq. ft. of Odel and the Group’s international brand outlets including Softlogic’s international restaurant franchises, which will account for 100,000 sq. ft. at the Mall. Our presence at the One Galle Face Mall is a significant investment and we are optimistic about generating adequate returns,” Pathirage said. “Odel’s vision for the future is aligned with the nation’s economy and as GDP growth. and per capita income improves, we hope to see a thriving fashion retail industry propelled by the overall economic growth momentum,” Pathirage added. For the year ended March 31, 2019, Odel PLC’s net profit rose 23% year-on-year (YoY) to Rs.245 million, on group revenue of Rs.8.1 billion, up 10% YoY.
The post Reducing import duties can make Sri Lanka an attractive shopping destination for tourists – ODEL Chairman appeared first on Adaderana Biz English | Sri Lanka Business News.
adaderana business
TRCSL to teach schoolchildren ethics of mobile phone usage and social media
The Telecommunications Regulatory Commission (TRCSL) has launched a series of awareness programmes for schoolchildren on the ethical...
Volcanic Tsunami Warning: Manila airport closed
Manila‘s Ninoy Aquino International Airport is closed until further notice. The largest airport in the Philippines closed Sunday nig...
Port City Colombo has successfully achieved 12 million safe work hours with zero accidents
Reveals the inaugural Social Responsibility report • LKR 550 million allocated for the Fishermen Livelihood Improvement Programme • Priorit...
ComBank gives Credit Card holders 2 million reasons to switch to e-statements
A chance to win 2 fabulous overseas tour packages; first 1000 who switch to e-statements will win 2000 ComBank Max Loyalty Rewards Points ea...
Ranjan contesting general election from UNP is doubtful
UNP MP Ranjan Ramanayake’s nomination at the upcoming General Elections is doubtful in the wake of controversial voice recordings th...
Political News Sri Lanka
ComBank donates laptops to visually-impaired undergraduates
Sri Lanka’s Caroline Jurie crowned Mrs World 2020
SL High Commission in Singapore launches Mobile Service for Migrant Workers
Signia chooses Sri Lanka to launch latest hearing aid in Asia
Boris hits back at US over Huawei 5G security concerns says the UK wants the ‘Best technology’
By David Wilcock, Whitehall Correspondent for Mailonline and Larisa Brown, Defence And Security Editor For The Daily Mail Boris Johnson hit...
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2636
|
__label__cc
| 0.525965
| 0.474035
|
http://www.lastprophet.info/category/the-prophet-muhammad-saw
The candles of Al-Quds From the Editor
Like 0 24.07.2017, Monday The Prophet Muhammad (saw)
In his hadith book Sunan, Abu Dawud relates from Maymunah, the freed bondmaid of the Messenger of Allah (saw):
One day, Maymunah Bint Sa’d (r.anha) asked the Prophet (saw), “O Messenger of Allah, inform us about visiting Bayt Al-Maqdis.” The Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Visit it for prayer”. However, there was war (between Persians and Byzantins) in Jerusalem at that time and taking this into account, the Messenger of Allah (saw) added: “If you cannot go for prayer then send some oil to be used for its lamps.” (Abu Dawud, Salat 14, Nr. 457)
Today, a new war is going on in the same region and it is nearly impossible for people to go and visit there. But still, it is possible to send public relief and financial support to light up the lamps of Gaza that died away long ago. However, it is not only the lamps that died away in Gaza. Within the region which has long been under blockade, all kinds of relief items, from bread to medicine, are needed.
On the basis of these reports, we all bear our responsibilities in mind and believe that, like in the past, our glorious people will do everything in its power once again.
From our Lord, we pray mercy and grace for those who lost their lives, a quick recovery for the sick and patience for the people of the region. May Allah grant discernment and a sense of responsibility upon Muslims!
Lastprophet.info,
Al-Quds,
Masjid Al-Aksa,
Candles,
Prophet,
Muhammad (saw),
Maymunah (r.anha)
WRITE COMMENT 0
Security Word
Please type '154' into this field.
There are no comments to this article. Click here to write the first comment.
Religious Music Concert in Kazan
Lastprophet.info Goes Online with More Dynamic Interface
New Children's Book on the Sirah
28 - The Banu Qurayza Campaign
First Impressions on Majidi's Film
When the Righteous Ones Are Gone
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2637
|
__label__cc
| 0.500336
| 0.499664
|
Celebrate the Year of the Pig with a new piggy bank
Consider decorating your home with these items inspired by the Year of the Pig.
Epicurean dishwasher-safe, pig-shaped cutting board or charcuterie platter, $34.95 from Crate & Barrel.
(Crate & Barrel)
Pig Fauna grand cup by Sir/Madam, $18 at Burke Decor.
( Burke Decor)
Enameled cast-iron 5.5-quart Dutch oven with piggy knob, $340 at One Kings Lane.
(One Kings Lane)
Close-up of Dutch oven with piggy knob, $340 at One Kings Lane.
Ashley velvet pig ottoman, $179 by Noble House at Macys.com.
(Noble House)
Pig-shaped Reality Bank in rose-gold finish holds up to $10,000 in dollar bills by Areaware, $250 at Burke Decor.
Chinese zodiac pig bowl by Coton Colors, $30 at Macys.com.
(Coton Colors )
Bubba and Betty Lou salt and pepper shakers, $19.95 at CB2.
(CB2)
Year Zodiac cup, $5.99 at Cost Plus World Market.
(Cost Plus World Market)
Sending Animals pig-shaped credenza by Seletti, $1,260 at 1stdibs.com.
(1stdibs)
By Bonnie McCarthy
When the Chinese Lunar New Year begins on Feb. 5, it will usher in the Year of the Pig, the last sign of the 12-year Chinese zodiac cycle and according to Jessie Kim, founder of Los Angeles-based Ms. Feng Shui, an auspicious year for reflecting on the past and preparing for the future.
“This is the perfect time to carry out an in-depth review of the past year and build energy for the next, new cycle in 2020,” said Kim.
It is also believed to be a lucky lunar cycle inclined to bring prosperity and wealth.
“Throughout the year of the Earth Pig, the energy is joyous,” said Kim, “but we need to be more conscious of money management. It’s a good year to keep our friends and family close, and a good time to put an end to any toxic relationships.”
Quick primer: Unlike the 12 zodiac signs in Western astrology that correspond to the month of your birth, Chinese zodiac signs are instead assigned to the year.
People born in the Year of the Pig (1935, 1947, 1959, 1971, 1983, 1995, 2007, 2019) are believed to be blessed with a winning personality and good fortune.
Kim said people born under this sign are also usually hard-working, realistic types who get things done with energy and enthusiasm.
Think: work hard, play hard.
To celebrate the piggy promises of the year ahead we have rounded up a passel of swine-inspired style that includes everything from salt and pepper shakers and a pig-shaped credenza to cups, bowls and a charcuterie platter aimed at helping your home go hog wild.
Go ahead, pig out.
Bonnie McCarthy contributes to the Los Angeles Times as a home and lifestyle design writer. She enjoys scouting for directional trends and reporting on what’s new and next. Follow her on Twitter @ThsAmericanHome
How designer Nate Berkus blended old and new in his L.A. kitchen remodel
They found a real estate unicorn: A house with great ‘bones,’ ready for decorating
You’ve never seen a kitchen island sink like this
How online art galleries are serving up talent — and sales — without the ‘tude
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2638
|
__label__wiki
| 0.968992
| 0.968992
|
AFC South preview: Nick Foles hopes to transform Jaguars into Super Bowl contenders
Nick Foles hopes to find success where Blake Bortles couldn’t in Jacksonville.
By Sam FarmerStaff Writer
But now that he’s the unquestioned starter in Jacksonville, can quarterback Nick Foles replicate what he did in Philadelphia?
There, he stepped in for the injured Carson Wentz and, against long odds, helped guide the Eagles to their first Super Bowl victory.
When Foles left Philadelphia the first time, playing a season each in St. Louis and Kansas City, he was nowhere near the player he was with the Eagles.
But this could be different. He’s a seasoned player now and reunited with Jaguars offensive coordinator John DiFilippo, his former quarterbacks coach in Philadelphia.
What’s more, Foles has the solid running of Leonard Fournette in his offensive arsenal, and a stout defense that lost some critical players in Malik Jackson and Telvin Smith but is still loaded with talent, including first-round pick Josh Allen.
The Times’ 2019 NFL season preview
Previewing the 2019 NFL season as the league celebrates its 100th year and the Rams and Chargers look to contend for the Super Bowl LIV title.
In 2017, the season the Eagles won the Super Bowl, they nearly faced the Blake Bortles-quarterbacked Jaguars. Jacksonville fell just short in the AFC championship game, however, suffering a 24-20 defeat at New England.
Jacksonville took a big step backward last season, going 5-11 and finishing last in the AFC South. Bortles tumbled back to earth, finishing with 13 touchdowns and 11 interceptions and sealing his fate with the team. He was released and the Jaguars signed Foles.
“We really think his best days are ahead of him,” coach Doug Marrone said when the Jaguars signed Foles in March. “He’s really played well of late and we’re excited to have him part of our team.”
Jacksonville Jaguars quarterback Nick Foles prepares to put on his helmet before a preseason game against the Atlanta Falcons.
Once again, though, the odds are not in Foles’ favor. ESPN’s Michael DiRocco crunched the numbers and determined that it’s more likely that free-agent quarterbacks brought in to be the starter wind up flopping.
Since 2000, 13 other teams have signed a quarterback to multiyear deals with the intent of making them the immediate starter. Of those, Peyton Manning (Denver), Brett Favre (Minnesota) and Drew Brees (New Orleans) were smashing successes.
But, DiRocco notes, seven of the other 10 free-agent quarterbacks signed to multiyear deals failed to get their teams to the playoffs.
The remaining two quarterbacks never made it past the first month as the starter.
“I feel like I’m trying to get a little better every day, trying to get closer with the guys,” Foles told the Washington Post. “You develop those relationships to where when they come on the field and we play against someone, when we need to make checks or route adjustments or different line calls, everything is smooth.
“I feel good where we’re at. We’ve just got to keep progressing.”
There’s no question the division rival Indianapolis Colts are progressing, although losing Andrew Luck to retirement is no minor setback. They were a surprise playoff team last season, improving their regular-season win total by six in one year.
They have added receivers Devin Funchess and rookie Parris Campbell, who should draw some of the double teams away from T.Y. Hilton, and bolstered the defense with end Justin Houston and potential rising-star rookie cornerback Rock Ya-Sin.
Houston was the first team since 1998 to reach the playoffs after an 0-3 start, but the Texans didn’t do a good job of protecting quarterback Deshaun Watson. He was sacked an NFL-high 62 times last season, so it was no surprise when the Texans used their first-round draft pick on Alabama State tackle Tytus Howard. They also added tackles Matt Kalil and Max Scharping.
Keeping scrambling Tennessee quarterback Marcus Mariota upright has been a challenge too, so the Titans signed guard Rodger Saffold, formerly of the Rams, as well as Ryan Tannehill, who gives Tennessee something closer to a prototypical quarterback if the franchise opts to head in that direction.
THREE PLAYERS WHO MUST COME THROUGH
QB Deshaun Watson: It’s no wonder why the Texans used two of their top three picks on offensive tackles. Watson was sacked a league-high 62 times last season, and the team needed to beef up the protection. Still, he turned an 0-3 start into a division title.
RB Duke Johnson: With Pro Bowl player Lamar Miller sidelined for the season because of a torn ACL, it’s a good thing the Texans had acquired versatile Johnson from the Cleveland Browns. He’s never been the top guy before, however, and there are currently no reliable veterans behind him.
WR DeAndre Hopkins: If he’s not the best receiver in the league, he’s definitely in the conversation. His 528 receptions are the most by any players in his first six seasons in the league.
THREE PLAYERS TO WATCH
WR Will Fuller: Getting deep and catching passes is no problem for Fuller, but staying on the field is. He has 11 touchdown catches in 11 games with Watson, but is coming off a torn ligament in his right knee.
CB Lonnie Johnson: Texans are rebuilding their secondary and Johnson figures to play a significant role in that. He’s young and raw but has shown potential in camp. Houston didn’t spend a second-round pick on the Kentucky standout for kicks.
DE Charles Omenihu: A fifth-round pick from Texas, Omenihu has been shadowing J.J. Watt’s every move. He could work his way into a situational rotation and be a fixture down the road.
Can Watson stay healthy enough to put together a full season and lift the Texans back into the ranks of playoff contenders?
2018: 11-5, first in division
Last year in playoffs: 2018
RB Marlon Mack: Consistency is the key for Mack, who was very up and down last season. When he’s rolling, he takes a lot of pressure off quarterback Jacoby Brissett, who is now the starter. Mack needs to be more of a receiver out of the backfield.
S Malik Hooker: At Ohio State, Hooker was a big-play ballhawk. The Colts need him to assume that role in their Tampa 2 scheme and create some turnovers. He has five interceptions in two seasons.
WR Devin Funchess: The Colts cannot survive on T.Y. Hilton alone. He didn’t practice for the final month last season, hobbling on a bum ankle, and ran out of gas in the playoffs. So Funchess provides another sure-handed target for Brissett.
LB Ben Banogu: Drafted as a linebacker, Banogu likely will be used as a pass rusher, especially while defensive end Jabaal Sheard is recovering from offseason knee surgery.
CB Rock Ya-Sin: The team’s top pick in this year’s draft, Ya-Sin has looked terrific in training camp and at some point has dominated every receiver but Hilton. He could wind up being a star.
DT Denico Autry: He has had the best camp of anyone on the team. He had nine sacks in 12 games last season — and that was from the difficult defensive tackle spot. The Oakland Raiders moved him around the line; the Colts are keeping him at tackle.
Frank Reich made a splash in his first season as head coach, but his quarterback-coaching abilities will be put to the test with the sudden retirement of Andrew Luck and evelation of Brissett to starter.
2018: 10-6, second in division
QB Nick Foles: He was the answer in Philadelphia, but can he be the same in Jacksonville, where the Jaguars have struggled for years to find the right player at that crucial position? At least he should have a strong ground game to help.
RB Leonard Fournette: When he’s healthy, Fournette is a force. But he has been banged up, playing in only 21 of 32 possible games. The Jaguars plan to move him around a bit this season so opponents can’t just load up with an extra defender in the box.
LB Myles Jack: This is a contract year for Jack, the former UCLA star who calls the defense through the middle linebacker spot. He’s got a sideline-to-sideline role, and it’s time for him to be Jacksonville’s Bobby Wagner.
DE Josh Allen: Defense wasn’t Jacksonville’s top priority heading into the draft, but Allen was too enticing to ignore. A knee contusion kept him out of most offseason workouts, although coaches like what they see in him now.
DL Taven Bryan: Once known as the “Wyoming Wildman,” Bryan was pretty tame as a heralded rookie last season, finishing with 13 tackles, seven assists and one sack. Coaches are expecting more from the first-rounder this year.
TE Josh Oliver: A third-round pick from San Jose State, Oliver could be a big help catching passes from Foles, especially down the field. Now he just has to work on his blocking.
As great as he was as a Philadelphia fill-in, Foles flopped with the Rams. Can he take his skills on the road and turn defense-minded Jacksonville into a contender again?
2018: 5-11, fourth in division
QB Marcus Mariota: At his best, Mariota is fantastic and has a slew of big plays on his resume. He also has been injured every year, however, and that’s why the Titans acquired former Miami starter Ryan Tannehill.
RB Derrick Henry: In the last month of the 2018 season, Henry ran for 585 yards and seven touchdowns. His first 12 games underscore his inconsistency, though, as he had 474 yards and five touchdowns. So which Henry will start the season?
DT Jurrell Casey: For six seasons in a row, Casey has had at least five sacks. That’s through a lot of coaching and scheme changes, and it’s not easy to do from the tackle position. The Titans are counting on him to keep it up.
WR Corey Davis: He made a drastic improvement from his first to second year, and coaches are expecting a similar step forward. Zero touchdowns as a rookie, four in his second season, and this year …
S Amani Hooker: A fourth-round pick from Iowa, Hooker is versatile enough to play all over the field, whether it’s dropping into the deep third of the field, or coming up to support the run. He’s not a typical rookie.
OT Jack Conklin: Had an All-Pro rookie season in 2016 but sat out offseason workouts while recovering from a torn ligament in his left knee. He’s ready to lock down the right side of the line.
Can the Titans harness their considerable talent on offense and put together an effort that tops last season’s lackluster 25th ranking?
2018: 9-7, third in division
Honored by the Pro Football Hall of Fame in recognition of his “long and distinguished reporting in the field of pro football,” Sam Farmer has covered the NFL for 25 seasons. A graduate of Occidental College, he’s a two-time winner of California Sportswriter of the Year and first place for beat writing by Associated Press Sports Editors.
NBA Fastbreak: How to tell the buyers from the sellers ahead of trade deadline
Just because an NBA team isn’t making a playing push, that doesn’t mean it might not kick the tires and contemplate life with a different cast.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2639
|
__label__wiki
| 0.732763
| 0.732763
|
James H. Binger Center for New Americans
The University of Minnesota Law School’s James H. Binger Center for New Americans expands urgently needed legal services for noncitizens, pursues litigation to improve our nation’s immigration laws, and supports noncitizens in the region through education and community outreach.
Designed in partnership with leading area law firms and non-profit immigration legal services, the Center is the only program of its kind in the U.S. and is home to three dynamic clinics and an integrated education and outreach program that offer students hands-on educational experiences:
Federal Immigration Litigation Clinic: improves and transforms U.S. immigration law through collaborative impact litigation in the federal courts.
Detainee Rights Clinic: defends the rights of indigent noncitizens incarcerated by the Department of Homeland Security.
Immigration and Human Rights Clinic: represents asylum seekers fleeing persecution in their home countries.
Rural Immigrant Access Clinic: provides legal asistance to the immigrants living and working in rural communities, where access to immigration attorneys is limited.
Education and Outreach: educates noncitizens about their legal rights and trains lawyers to provide high quality pro bono legal services.
3L Paul Dimick, Mary Georgevich ’18 Awarded Equal Justice Works Fellowships
Law Students, Alums on Frontlines of Aiding Asylum Seekers
Students Experience ‘Profoundly Human Stories’ of Immigration and Detention in Louisiana
A team of students and faculty from the Binger Center, working with pro bono lawyers from the firm of Faegre Baker Daniels, won a major case clarifying the circumstances under which an immigrant may be deported for a drug conviction. More
“Through the Binger Center, I participated in outreach to immigrants in rural Minnesota, federal litigation, and appellate advocacy. Through direct services, partnerships with pro bono attorneys, and impact litigation, the clinics have already had a massive impact.”
—Mary Georgevich ’18, judicial clerk, Minnesota Supreme Court More
Working through the Binger Center’s Federal Immigration Litigation Clinic, 3Ls Paul Dimick, Kayla Hoel, and Zachary Hofeld successfully prepped and argued a case before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit resulting in an 18-page ruling in their client’s favor. More
“Through participation in Binger Center programs, I developed writing, client-interaction, and leadership skills that served me throughout law school and in my current job as an immigration attorney.”
—Olivia Judd ’18, staff attorney with the National Immigrant Justice Center in Chicago More
“The Binger Center and its partners worked together to get me back to my wife, to my children, and to my life here. … I feel like I owe them the world.”
—Client Ched Nin, freed from detention and the threat of deporation to Cambodia (pictured here with wife Jenny Srey) More
People and Partners
Service Trips
Lorena Anderson
and08699@umn.edu
7:30 am to 5:00 pm Apr 23
CLE Credit Available
DACA at the U.S. Supreme Court: An Inside-the-Court Account
Immigrants' Rights Under Siege and the Road Ahead
Binger Center Executive Director Deepinder Mayell Quoted in MinnPost on “Sancutary” Churches
Binger Center for New Americans Executive Director Deepinder Mayell Publishes Joint Op-Ed on Refugees in MinnPost
Prof. Meili Presents Research on Constitutionalized Human Rights Law in Germany, the U.K., and the U.S.
Binger Center Executive Director Deepinder Mayell Quoted in MPR News on Law School’s Mobile Clinic
Professor Meili Interviewed by MinnPost about the Effects of Government Shutdown on Immigration Court
Prof. Meili Discusses the Immigration Law and Policy Implications of U.S. Midterms Elections at Oxford University
Prof. Meili Interviewed by Local NBC Affiliate Regarding Proposed Change in Birthright Citizenship
Prof. Meili Presents Research on the Constitutionalization of Asylum Law in Mexico at the Annual Congress of the Latin American Studies Association
Prof. Meili Presents Research on the Constitutional Right to Asylum at the University of Newcastle
Prof. Meili Presents Research on Asyum Law at University of Oxford
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2640
|
__label__cc
| 0.54081
| 0.45919
|
The USA October 9, 2019 by admin
Thomas Jefferson Ancestry Tree
Jefferson County was formed from Berkeley County in 1801 and named for Thomas Jefferson, author of the Declaration of Independence and third President of the United States.The county’s courthouse was the site of the trial for the abolitionist John Brown after his.
She started researching her family tree, but could only get. Sally Hemings to prove they descended from Thomas Jefferson, or at least from one of his male relatives. Now if you want to find out.
MacDonald-Lewis believes the similarities between the cries of freedom in both documents are a deliberate move by America’s founding fathers – half of those who signed the Declaration of Independence.
Build your family tree today with this web app. Free family tree building, sharing and storage solutions. Organize your family photos, tag ancestor and arrange your family albums. Do it.
What George Washington Carver Did Did Christopher Columbus Discover America In 1392 Christopher Columbus did not discover the Americas. in 1888 to honour Christopher Columbus remembered annually in the US as the person who discovered America in 1492. But Columbus never once set. Does John Tyler Have School Today MaxPreps has their 10 game schedule and results, including links to
placed at the grave of thomas jefferson at monticello, virginia, in 1826, constructed from his own design, was presented july 4, 1883, by the jefferson heirs to the university of missouri, first state university to be founded in the louisiana territory purchased from france during president jefferson…
After transferring your results, for free, you will receive a list of your autosomal matches from our database and have access to our Family Finder – Matrix. The Matrix feature al
I found a book online titled The Kelly Clan, published in 1901, containing reminiscences of the descendants of Thomas and Peggy Kelly, who settled before 1800 in Pulaski County, Kentucky.The couple had nine children and son Samuel, who married in 1808, settled on Clifty Creek seven miles northwest of Somerset.
Rural Electric Magazine article on Rural Revitalization highlighting Jefferson Silicon Valley Meets Rural Iowa – Jefferson, IA State of Main: Winter 2019 Issue – The Role of Place in.
The Genetic Strand is the tale of Ball’s efforts to extract truth from these preserved hair specimens, and of what he learned about the power and pitfalls of DNA testing as a tool for exploring.
VILLERS, Thomas Jefferson b. 25 May 1861 Centerville, Tyler Co, West Virginia, United States d. Yes, date unknown: Merriam Family Tree
Genetic genealogy may be the most efficient way that we have now of uncovering secrets, but the distress comes from the secrets, not the method with which they are revealed. The most famous case in.
Furthermore, Hammer explains that this work has resulted in the addition of two new major haplogroups, S and T, with novel insights into the ancestry of both. "Haplogroup T, the clade that Thomas.
Thomas Jefferson, in 1803. With it, the U.S. acquired thousands of “free people of color,” many of whom had sprung from sexual unions between French and Spanish colonists and black slaves. Still.
emails and Facebook messages from people so eager to learn about someone’s family tree. (Side note: Never before have I seen so many people who’ve never done genealogy try to do it themselves and get.
Genealogy and family history, ancestors and descendants of the U.S. Presidents, including those with Mayflower ancestry. Tweet. Presidential Genealogy and Family History. Thomas Jefferson, Sally Hemings, and Thomas Woodson; Pioneers: The Frontier Family of Barack Obama;
Thomas Jefferson Hicks. b. 05 NOV 1849 Clarke Co. AL d. 19 FEB 1935 Conroe, Montgomery Co. TX 19 FEB 1935 Conroe, Montgomery Co. TX
From DNA to Genetic Genealogy. EXAMPLES (GENGHIS KHAN, THOMAS JEFFERSON, ANASTASIA). Note that Thomas Jefferson himself is actually in Sally’s tree because Sally and Jefferson’s wife were half sisters (an interesting fact but totally irrelevant to our DNA testing).
Along the historic highway that stretches from Thomas Jefferson’s home. including the online sites ancestry.com and fold3.com, to create an interactive map that will allow anyone traveling the.
LOUISIANA. In 1810 the Gowen/Going/Goins/etc. family, free since the mid-seventeenth century, headed 40 “other free” households with 105 persons in Virginia, 62.
CHARLOTTESVILLE, May 16 – They may not look alike or accept that they’re related, but when the descendants of Thomas Jefferson and one of his slaves, Sally Hemings, sat down at a white-linen.
"Millions of people have provable descents from medieval monarchs," said Mark Humphrys, a genealogy enthusiast and professor. documented descendants are presidents (George Washington, Thomas.
Six years ago the term genetic genealogy was meaningless. After genetic testing in 1998 revealed that Thomas Jefferson was most likely the father of at least one of Sally Hemings’s children, Julia.
Helen Leone Davidson: The Back Rhodes of Our Genealogy. Main Links. Histories 1. Histories 2. Histories 3. Browse this first! Email me. Home. Rhodes Genealogy Blog. Guestbook & Message Board. My Rhodes Line. US Vital Records. Rhodes/etc. Military Records. Civil War/War.
3 days ago · Do You Know: You can buy this marquee ad on Solomon’s words for the wise for your business or event for only $10. per day! It’s just one of the low cost advertising options available. Your ad is viewed 40,000 to 70,000 times every day. Email us for information on other ad locations.
Family Group Sheet – Spouse. PARENT (M) Thomas HuntM) Thomas Hunt
Ulysses S Grant And Julia Dent Why Ulysses S. Grant’s Wife Always Posed in Profile. you’ve probably noticed that nearly all representations of Ulysses S. Grant’s wife. [h/t The Personal Memoirs of Julia Dent Grant. Grant’s Tomb is a large classical-styled, domed mausoleum. It is located on 122nd Street in New York City, along the banks of the Hudson River. The
The path to researching one’s family history often used to hit a wall where the paper. It was this type of testing that recently established that Thomas Jefferson probably had children with his.
This is the only mention I have ever found of Nantaquas, but it is much stronger proof than an entry in a family tree database, or even a published genealogy book that uses shaky sources. The field of Pocahontas genealogy is pocketed with many little mysteries. There are several cases where original sources are missing, probably destroyed.
Discover your family history and start your family tree. Try free and access billions of genealogy records including Census, SSDI & Military records.
Franklin And Pierce College In the Falcons’ 2019 opener last Saturday at Franklin Pierce, Anderson tallied two goals and an assist. “She gave me the confidence to go on and play in college.” Bentley fell to Merrimack in the. The Penmen, 36-11, clinched a fourth straight Northeast-10 Northeast Division title and will host Franklin Pierce on Tuesday at 6
Ulysses S Grant And Julia Dent
Franklin And Pierce College
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2641
|
__label__wiki
| 0.725328
| 0.725328
|
Skype: christhrelkeld
White-Collar Criminal Defense
Missouri 2000
U.S. District Court Eastern District Missouri, 2011
Legal Experience:
Lucco, Brown & Mudge: 1998 - 2002 (Licensed attorney from 2000)
Lucco & Brown: 2002 - 2006
Lucco, Brown, Threlkeld & Dawson LLP: 2006 - present
Saint Louis University School of Law, St. Louis, Missouri: 2000 J.D.
Certificate in International Law: Center for International and Comparative Law: 2000
Southern Illinois University of Edwardsville: 1993 M.B.A
The Citadel: The Military College of South Carolina: 1990 B.A.
Panel Attorney: Criminal Justice Act Panel-Southern District of Illinois
Illinois State Bar Association: 2000-Present
General Assembly, Illinois State Bar Association: 2007 - 2012
Named as an Illinois Leading Lawyer: 2013-2019
Named as an Illinois Super Lawyer: 2012-2015, 2019
Madison County Bar Association: 2000-Present
Officer, Madison County Bar Association 2010-2014
President, Madison County Bar Association: 2014-2015
Illinois Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers: 2017-Present
The Missouri Bar Association: 2000-Present
Contact Chris using the form below
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2643
|
__label__cc
| 0.510309
| 0.489691
|
LCS Learning Principles
IB Continuum at LCS
Learning Support Services
College and University Counseling
Admissions Process/Policy
2019/20 Academic Calendar
Lincoln Academy
The Lincoln Fund
Social Media Mash Up
Advancement @ LCS
Lincoln Community School
Lincoln Community School is an International Baccalaureate World school offering the Primary Years, Middle Years, and Diploma Programmes through the lens of U.S. curricular standards. LCS is recognized as a leading international school in Africa.
We are an IB World school offering the Primary Years Program (Pre-K through Grade 5), Middle Years Program (Grades 6 through 10), and Diploma Program (Grades 11 and 12).
LCS believes in the richness of diversity. Our Support Services department consists of Learning Support Services, Counseling, English as an Additional Language (EAL), Advisory, and Health Services.
Thank you for your interest in Lincoln Community School. We offer a warm and community-centered environment, welcoming new families with a friendly approach.
The co-curricular programs at LCS provide students the opportunity to enhance their development by learning through experience, collaborating with others, and by fostering a sense of accomplishment.
As an international school in an increasingly cosmopolitan Accra, LCS students and families come from countries around the globe. Sharing our common experiences brings us together, and celebrating our differences makes our community strong. Whether you are brand new to Ghana or were born here, you will find friends at LCS.
The Making of the Lion Mural
It started three weeks ago in our grade eight art class when we began talking
about the basics. What's a trompe l'oeil? What's original typography? What
should the lion look like? Our minds were full of curiosity and excitement when
Ms. Ann launched this new project challenge in art class. The process began by
forming groups of three to create design proposals. The first lesson with our
groups was all about coming up with individual ideas and learning our groupmates'
strengths. We delegated leadership roles for the 1) the lion depiction; 2) the
typography and 3) the trompe l'oeil effects. Ms. Ann held small group workshops
to allow each artist to develop and practice skills and techniques in their designated domain.
Using, pencil, watercolor, ink, markers, and collage, each group found their
own way to combine different ideas together to create a rough draft. Next,
we got feedback from Ms. Ann and fellow artists about how we might improve.
We considered various things that could be added or taken away to make our
ideas even better.
After the edits, we started working on the real proposal. The next two classes
challenged us to bring our best quality of work, full concentration, and
collaboration to bring our beautiful ideas for the mural to life. Another round
of workshops taught us different techniques: to use markers as watercolors;
various tips for using trompe l'oeil to create 3D optical illusions, and references
for text ideas were taught so that our final drafts could be our very best.
The last stage took place when we finished our final drafts, and this was the
hardest part! We had to bring all of the ideas together in order to create the
most beautiful mural ever! We conducted a collaborative critique to assess which
elements were the strongest and how the composition might include them.
Our classes all gathered together around all the final proposals as Ms. Ann
listened to our opinions about which elements should be chosen for the mural.
It sounded like this:
"Which lion best suits the installation site?" "We like the face on this one, but we
like how this one is half-hidden by the wall." "These eyes are powerful and realistic."
After two days of exploring options and decision-making, we had a final
Photoshopped plan from the mural created by Ms. Ann. We had achieved a
plan that incorporated most teams ideas in some way while celebrating Ghana,
its textiles, coastal location, and our LCS house colors, Now, it was time to
During the first class at the wall, some artists primed the concrete board, while
others calculated the scale factor from the sketch to map out the large color
block areas using chalk. The Ghanaian flag stripes, the lion's face and mane,
the sea waves, and sky. Within this one class, we also started painting. We each
had jobs; two paint the red, two paint the green, two work on the lion, and so
on. The next class came along to add values. Finally, classes added details and
patterns. There was always a class or a group of people near the mural, working
on making it better and better. Mr. Moh used his great graffiti skills to create the
gorgeous lion and allowed some of us to help with spray paint.
All eighth grade (and even a couple seventh and fifth-grade kids) put in tons
of effort to get precise details. Mr. Moh and Ms. Ann kept working hard before
lunch, during lunch, and after school to make it as beautiful as it is. It took
four days in all to be completed.
Each time we pass by the mural, we smile a little. We remember all the things
we learned and all the fun we had when creating the monumental art piece.
Beyond representing our school mascot, the mural represents unity; how
amazing things happen when we all come together. It represents authenticity
and how we're all connected in sharing this time in Ghana. It represents Lincoln
Community School as a diverse community where we achieve marvelous results
when we're a dedicated team, who feels free to create and commit to excellence.
We would love to thank Ms. Ann, for being the one who made all this happen.
Mr. Moh, who contributed so much of his time and effort to help us do this.
Ms. Sheena, for allowing us to put all this together. We'd like to thank the
facilities team for swiftly mounting the panels for us. Finally, we would like to
thank Coral Paints and Acrilex for their generous contribution of all paint
supplies and tools.
We hope all of LCS enjoys our art and embraces the power of public art as a way
to celebrate community.
Story by Arushi Aditi, Shreya Basak, and Krsna Jagtian
#126/21 Reindolf Road Abelemkpe
Accra Ghana, West Africa
Tel +233 30 221 8100
Copyright Lincoln Community School
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2645
|
__label__wiki
| 0.823518
| 0.823518
|
Slimbook
DragonFly BSD
Slimbook Launches New "Apollo" Linux PC, First Beta for Service Pack 5 of SUSE Linux Enterprise 12 Is Out, NVIDIA Binary Drivers for Ubuntu Growing Stale, DragonFly BSD v 5.6 Released and Qt v. 5.12.4 Now Available
by Petros Koutoupis
Slimbook, the Spanish Linux computer company, just unveiled a brand-new all-in-one Linux PC called the "Apollo". It has a 23.6 inch IPS LED display with a 1920x1080 resolution, and a choice between an Intel i5-8500 and i7-8700 processors. It comes with up to 32GB of RAM and integrated Intel UHD 630 4K graphics. Pricing starts at $799.
The first beta for service pack 5 of SUSE Linux Enterprise 12 is out and available. It contains updated drivers, a new version of the OpenJDK, support for Intel Optane memory and more.
NVIDIA binary drivers for Ubuntu have grown a bit stale, which is pushing developers to update the drivers for Ubuntu 19.10.
DragonFly BSD version 5.6 is officially released with improvements in the management of virtual memory, updates and bug fixes to both the DRM code and especially to the HAMMER2 filesystem and much more.
Qt version 5.12.4 is available with support for OpenSSL version 1.1.1 and about 250 bug fixes.
Petros Koutoupis, LJ Editor at Large, is currently a senior performance software engineer at Cray for its Lustre High Performance File System division. He is also the creator and maintainer of the RapidDisk Project. Petros has worked in the data storage industry for well over a decade and has helped pioneer the many technologies unleashed in the wild today.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2647
|
__label__cc
| 0.65047
| 0.34953
|
11-year-old son tells cops his mother was drunk after she crashed her BMW
Category: Criminal Law Blog
Too Much Wine and Driving
A Florida woman was arrested on DUI charges after her son told cops his mother was drunk on 3 1/2 bottles of wine
49 year old Janet Malizia from Florida was arrested and charged with two counts of DUI and one count of leaving a crash scene after she slammed her BMW into an SUV.
According to reports, her 11-year-old son showed cops a cup of wine she had been drinking. After the crash, Malizia admitted to cops that it was wrong of her to be drinking with her kids in the car.
The cup of wine which her son showed the cops was just a portion of the 3 1/2 bottles she had consumed on the road. Malizia also admitted she had drunk 3 1/2 bottles of wine, even though it was wrong of her to do.
Before getting on the road, Malizia had stopped at a gas station store to buy five bottles of wine. The boy told the cops that he went inside the store when his mom lingered in the store, and told her she couldn’t drink and drive. However, Malizia did not pay heed to her son’s advice.
She later crashed her car into another vehicle and fled the scene. Malizia was riding with two kids in the car at the time and was pulled over by Florida Highway Patrol troopers on Interstate I-75 before 7 p.m. on Friday shortly after fleeing the scene of the crash. When the officers approached, her son showed them the cup of wine Malizia had been drinking. However, the name, age and gender of the second child in the car was not identified.
According to the police report, three empty 8-ounce bottles of wine were found inside her vehicle.
Malizia was released from Collier County jail on $7,500 bond. The father of the children took both children into his custody.
arrest for dui criminal defense criminal defense attorney dui dui arrest dui attorney dui law dui lawyer
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2651
|
__label__wiki
| 0.991625
| 0.991625
|
Watch The Trailer For New Jim Carrey Series 'Kidding'
Jess Hardiman in Entertainment
Last updated 11:02 AM, Friday June 08 2018 GMT+1
The trailer for Jim Carrey's new series, Kidding, has been released, showing the actor playing a fictional children's TV icon called Mr Pickles.
The forthcoming series - which will premiere on Showtime this September - follows Jeff, the man behind the beloved TV character, as his family life falls in on itself.
The press release for the show states: "Kidding centers on Jeff, aka Mr. Pickles (Carrey), an icon of children's television and a beacon of kindness and wisdom to America's impressionable young minds and the parents who grew up with him. But when this beloved personality's family begins to implode, Jeff finds no fairytale, fable or puppet will guide him through this crisis, which advances faster than his means to cope.
"The result: A kind man in a cruel world faces a slow leak of sanity as hilarious as it is heartbreaking."
Along with Carrey as the series' lead, Catherine Keener, Frank Langella and Judy Greer also star.
The show comes from director Michel Gondry, who Carrey has previously worked with on 2004's Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, the romantic drama about a couple who literally erase memories of each other in order to overcome their painful breakup.
With a background in music television, Gondry is known for his surreal, dreamlike visual style, so we can probably expect Kidding to be a slightly bizarre ride - an area that Carrey is well versed in.
Recently, Netflix released a documentary unveiling the madness behind Carrey's method, teling the unseen story of the filming of Man on the Moon, a film about the life of comedian Andy Kaufman.
Filmmaker Chris Smith sat through over 100 hours of (potentially painful) footage shot behind the scenes of the 1999 movie to see Carrey play a role he said was 'out of my control'.
Looking for more serious roles after starring in blockbusters like Ace Ventura and The Mask, Carrey filmed his own audition tape to prove he was up to the job.
What followed next was absolute madness. Carrey/Kaufman would spend hours living as Andy at home, on set, and even when meeting Kaufman's estranged daughter.
The studio refused to release the backstage footage for fears that the public might think the Carrey was actually a dick, rather than just acting like one.
Now, though, the film has been released and Smith thinks we can all learn from watching the chaos of Carrey/Kaufman.
"I think there's oddly a lot of life lessons in this movie and I think one of them is just this idea of not holding onto things from the past but actually moving forward," he said.
"I personally think he really tried to do justice to Andy's legacy and I think he really felt that this was the right way to do that.
"When Jim Carrey says he wants to do something, who is going to stop him?"
Featured Image Credit: Showtime
Topics: showtime, Entertainment, Celebrity, Kidding
Jess Hardiman
Jess is a journalist at LADbible who graduated from Manchester University with a degree in Film Studies, English Language and Linguistics - indecisiveness at its finest, right there. She also works for FOODbible and its sister page Seitanists, which are both a safe haven for her to channel a love for homemade pasta, fennel and everything else in between. You can contact Jess at [email protected]
Follow @Jess_Hardiman
Post Malone Shares Photo Of New 'Always Tired' Tattoo
Al Pacino Is Joining Leonardo DiCaprio For New Tarantino Film
Hitman 2 Gets Official Release Date And Full Trailer
'Sons Of Anarchy' Star Alan O'Neill Found Dead At 47
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2652
|
__label__cc
| 0.708606
| 0.291394
|
Needles from Christmas trees are more harmful to pets than the possibility of ticks. (Colleen Flanagan – THE NEWS)
Be aware of ticks when chopping down Christmas trees
Potential for ticks to transfer to clothing
Colleen Flanagan
Beware of ticks when looking for real Christmas trees this year.
A post on Facebook by an Albertan animal clinic shows a tick in a tube, apparently transported into a home by a person after shopping for a live Christmas tree.
Although it is uncommon for ticks to be transported via Christmas trees, said the post by the Cochrane Animal Clinic, it goes on to say that ticks can be active at temperatures greater than 4 C and transfer from vegetation to hosts while completing their life cycle.
Jim Wilson, president of the Canadian Lyme Disease Foundation, has heard stories himself about people coming into contact with ticks after cutting down a Christmas tree and that’s why, he says, it’s important to be tick aware.
RELATED: Living in the Lymefight
He says that anyone looking at getting a live Christmas tree is venturing out into tick habitat.
But, he says, the potential is more likely that ticks will attach themselves to the clothing you are wearing and not the Christmas tree.
Wilson says if you are an outdoors person by nature you can invest in clothing that are insect repellent. But for a quick trip to a farm to get a Christmas tree you can purchase a spray with an ingredient called icaridin in it.
He said with the warmer temperatures that his organization is anticipating a rise in tick populations right across the country.
And he wants people to know that no tick is a good tick. Lyme disease, he says, is one of several diseases a tick can carry.
RELATED: Check pets
“It doesn’t matter what species it is. If it bites you it’s very likely carrying pathogens you don’t want,” he said.
One piece of advice he has for people looking at real trees this year is putting your clothing into the dryer immediately when you go home.
“Dryer for 15 minutes will kill any tick,” he said.
Dr. Adrian Walton, with the Dewdney Animal Hospital, says that while it is possible to transport a tick into your house from live Christmas tree shopping, it’s not common.
He said that ticks will not be in trees at this time of the year, but in warm pockets in the ground.
Walton says more worrisome are the needles that fall off the tree and the harm they can do to a pet if they are inhaled.
“They will have discharge and they will wind up having puss come out of their nose and you literally have to put a camera up there to grab the foreign body and pull it out,” said Walton.
The Maple Ridge veterinarian added that you can keep an eye out for bulls-eye rashes that appear on the skin when bitten by a tick.
However, he said, ticks are out 24/7 all winter long, so pet owners should be checking your dogs anyway.
cflanagan@mapleridgenews.com
Fire damages Terrace family’s home 10 days before Christmas
Lake Country human rights leader honoured at Vernon school
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2653
|
__label__wiki
| 0.733045
| 0.733045
|
HomeLatestTrendingMy Reads Budget 2020Market DashboardCompaniesMarketsPodcastsMoneyStart-upsMutual FundsNRI Investment QueriesAyodhya VerdictInsuranceTechnologyIndustryLoungeOpinionPoliticsMint 50 - Top Mutual FundsMark To MarketLong ReadsPlain Facts
Farooq Abdullah (centre) was re-elected as the National Conference president in Srinagar on Sunday. Photo: PTI
Farooq Abdullah: Will grant autonomy to various regions of J&K if elected
1 min read . Updated: 29 Oct 2017, 10:03 PM IST PTI
National Conference president Farooq Abdullah says the party had formed a committee on regional autonomy in Jammu and Kashmir
Farooq AbdullahJ&K autonomyNational ConferenceKashmir freedomJammu and Kashmir
Srinagar: Opposition National Conference (NC) president Farooq Abdullah said on Sunday that the party would grant “regional autonomy" to various regions of Jammu and Kashmir if it comes to power in the next assembly elections.
“We have to focus towards this also that we have so many regions in the state which have their own aspirations. We have to look towards them also. We had formed a committee on regional autonomy. (NC leader Mohammad) Shafi (Uri) submitted a report also on that in which eight regions of the state have been discussed," Abdullah said in Srinagar.
Abdullah was addressing a delegates’ session of National Conference at Sher-e-Kashmir Cricket Stadium in Srinagar, which took place after a gap of over 15 years. During the session, Abdullah was re-elected as the National Conference president.
According to Abdullah, granting “regional autonomy" to various regions of Jammu and Kashmir would restore the rights of the people and it was something which the state government did not have to seek from the Centre. “We do not have to get it from Delhi. If God bestows us with success (in the polls), then the first thing which we will do once we are in the Assembly and take the chairs is to restore the rights of the people and in a legal manner by passing it under laws," Abdullah said.
He said the party would meet soon to discuss the issue. “We are meeting in Jammu over the issue in which we will discuss how to give it a legal shape. I want to tell you from this stage that we will implement it," he said.
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2659
|
__label__wiki
| 0.761272
| 0.761272
|
BBC Radio 5 live sports extra
Website: www.bbc.co.uk/5livesportsextra
BBC Radio 5 live sports extra Live Stream
http://www.listenlive.eu/bbc5liveextra.m3u mp3 64
BBC Radio 5 Live Sports Extra - More live sport. Pure live sport. Live cricket from the Test Match Special team, football commentary, Formula 1, rugby union, rugby league, baseball, NFL American Football, tennis...
BBC Radio 5 Live Sports Extra (also known as just 5 Live Sports Extra or 5 Live Extra) is a national digital radio station, operated by the BBC, and specialising only in extended additional sports coverage. It is a sister station to BBC Radio 5 Live and shares facilities, presenters and management and is a department of the BBC North Group division.
BBC Radio 5 Extra live is only available on Digital Radio, television platforms and online.
News, Sport, Talk
News, Sport
Motorsport Radio
Sport, Talk
Heart (North Devon) - Barnstaple
Adult contemporary, Pop, Variety
Target Radio 247
Variety, Entertainment, 60s
Variety, Pop, Rock
Capital FM South Wales - Cardiff
Talk, Top 40, Variety
Dance Asia Xtra
Asian Music, Bhangra, Bollywood
hudbu radio
House, Electronic
10Radio - Wiveliscombe
Community, Eclectic
BBC Radio Cymru
LBC 97.3 FM - London
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2660
|
__label__wiki
| 0.894767
| 0.894767
|
History of The Racecourse Inn – Longford, Tasmania
Historic Georgian Coaching Inn, built 1860.
Prior to European settlement, the Norfolk Plains was home to the Panninher people of the Northern Midlands Nation, known as the Penny Royal Creek Tribe by colonials. The current township of Longford was first explored by Jacob Mountgarrett and Ensign Hugh Piper in 1807, and settled by convicts and free settlers from the abandoned colony on Norfolk Island in 1813, hence the name for the greater area, ?The Norfolk Plains?.
This beautiful Georgian coaching inn has been offering refined hospitality to the weary traveller since 1861, when the population of Longford was approximately 1700 people. The land on which the inn was built had been granted to Michael Whitely, a ticket-of-leave convict, who passed away in 1858, a month after gaining a licence to carry the mail by coach. At the time of his death Whitely owned four houses and 37 building blocks of land in Longford. A Ticket of Leave (TOL) was a document given to convicts, granting the freedom to work and live within a given district of the colony before their sentence expired, or they were pardoned. TOL convicts could hire themselves out or be self-employed. They could also acquire property.
The land passed through several owners before it was purchased by William Dean in 1860. Dean had been granted a conditional pardon in 1858, stipulating that he was never to return to England or Ireland. The house was purpose built as a coaching inn, the ?Northern Hotel?, between November 1860 and July 1861, at a cost of several hundred pounds. Dean (baptised William Joyce), a musician from Cambridge, had been indicted in London in 1841, at the age of 19, for stealing 1 watch, value 29s; 2 seals, value 36s; 1 chain, value 1s; & 1 ring, value 6s from a house in Regents Park. With a previous conviction under his belt, Dean was sentenced to 14 years labour for larceny, and transported to Hobart, severing his ties with his family and changing his name. His mother wrote to her brother in Melbourne:
“I am told by a sailor that called to me he (William Joyce) lives at the Golden Castle, Macquarie Street, Hobart Town, William Joyce, musician, and he told me he is one of the first rate fiddlers in Hobart Town and that he is married and got a child and if you see him or write to him give him my dearest love to him and ask him if has forgot his mother.?
William Dean and his wife Jane Crawford, also a convict, had six children, and lived at Connorville, Lake River, prior to moving to Longford. By 1859 Dean was licencee of the Market House Tavern in Longford, and the following year, in November 1860, he set about building his own establishment on the corner of Marlborough and Bulwer Street (at that stage marked on town maps as the ?boundary of town and suburbs?). When the house was nearing completion, Mr Dean fell into a dispute with the builder, Alexander Hill over shoddy workmanship, withholding the final contracted sum of ?284. The matter went to court and the judge found in Hill?s favour. Dean was keen to finish the house by licensing day 1861, and on the 8th August the Quarterly Meeting of Justices granted the transfer of the licence for the Market Tavern, Longford, from William Dean to C.Bricknell, and granted a licence for the new establishment, The Northern Hotel ?considered a great addition to the township, being well fitted up, with commodious yards for stock, and excellent stables.? At the licensing hearing, one of the justices commented that Mr Dean had received his licence because he had ?the second best house in Longford.?
The building was constructed of handmade convict bricks, with lathe and plaster walls and ceilings. The current dining room was built as a ballroom measuring 38 feet by 11 feet. Dean advertised that he had ?accommodation for upwards of 150 horses, with careful grooms in attendance, and plenty of good horse feed and water. First rate luncheons and dinners, with the best of wines, spirits and beers at moderate charges.?
At the front of the building, Dean installed a 10 tonne Avery weighbridge ?for the convenience of persons coming from the Lake River, Cressy, and other places.? In March 1863 ?The Wanderer?, a stallion owned by a local man William Doddery, was standing ?in the charge of his groom? by the weigh-bridge, when a shepherd called Yates ?in a half drunken state started to meddle with him?. The horse lashed out with its back leg, kicking Mr Yates in the stomach. The unfortunate man was knocked out on the weigh-bridge, suffering a severe cut to his head. A doctor was called to attendance but he died the next day.
In 1864, as well as running the hotel, Dean was granted a 12 month licence to carry the mail to and from Longford and Cressy, at a cost of twenty-five pounds. In 1865, after four years of trading, Dean decided to sell the houseand placed an ad in the Cornwall Chronicle. The outbuildings included 2 stables with 10 stalls and a large shed, 60 feet long. The house contents included the whole of the household furniture, consisting of:
Telescope table and cover
Morocco covered couch
12 hair covered chairs
Chiffonier
Fenders and irons
Carpets and hearth rugs
Cedar table and cover
Window curtains and blinds
Bedheads and hangings
Feather bed
Bedding and mattresses
Carpets, looking-glasses etc.
and a large quantity of sundries including glassware & kitchen utensils.
Northern Hotel Longford, ad for sale
The house failed to sell, and in February 1866, Dean advertised the hotel for lease. Later in 1866 the house was sold, and the Deans moved to ?The Horse and Jockey in Launceston?, employing Martha Whitely, daughter of Michael Whitely, the original landowner. Martha became pregnant at the age of 16, hiding the pregnancy, and giving birth to a stillborn child in secret. She was charged with concealing the birth of a child and disposing of the body in a water closet, and detained for a week. William?s wife, Jane Dean, died on childbirth on the 30th March 1870, and the baby girl, Jane Dean, died of suffocation in bed 5 weeks later. Later that year, on the 16th November, at the age of 45, William Dean married the then 20 year old Martha Whitely at his house in Longford.
The second licensee, John Clarke, (born in Derbyshire in 1815), was a former brewer at Cascade in Hobart and licensed distiller. Mr Clarke changed the name to the Railway Hotel as there was speculation that the proposed railway would be pass down Marlborough Street, however, the 1843 recession had caused the project to be delayed, and when the line was finally completed in the 1870s, it bypassed Longford township. A name change was therefor in order for the old inn, and it was renamed the ?Racecourse Hotel?, after Australia?s oldest continually operating racetrack, 800m to the south. The signage has faded, but is still visible on both the eastern and northern sides of the building. The house is listed on the Register of the National Estate, as being ?A fine example of a late Georgian hotel with Victorian Gothic influence to transom light and barge decoration. The building retains some old signage and contributes to the historic worth of Longford.?
In October 1866 John Clarke ?begged to inform the inhabitants of Longford and its vicinity, that he is now prepared to supply them with superior ale from his own home brew in any quantities.? By show day 1866, the Cornwall Chronicle advised that Clarke had accommodation for upwards of 200 horses.
On the 16th December 1867, a gruesome murder took place (although probably not in the hotel!). Ellen Moriarty, last seen drinking at the Hotel in the company of Daniel Connor, a 35 year old Irish labourer, and Ann McDonald, was found disemboweled on the Cressy Road at the gravel pits near the racecourse. Miss Moriarty had allegedly swallowed two sovereigns placed on the bar by two agricultural workers, flush at the end of the harvest, who then unsuccessfully shook her to recover the coins. Mr Connor stated ?that he had not left the Railway Tavern with deceased, but went by himself and slept on his bedding in the bush, near Brickendon.? Connor was found guilty, however, and hanged and gibbetted (tarred and left on public display) on Gibbett Hill, near Perth, a practice outlawed in England at the time.
In June 1870 Henry Whitely, son on Michael Whitely, married Mary Jane Clark, John Clark?s daughter, at the Railway Hotel.
John Clarke brewed his own drinks in the taproom (the door on the left of the photo below – now the owners? bedroom) – which features a wet cellar, well below the water table. Clarke?s health was suffering by 1873 when he placed an ad in the Launceston Examiner ?To Let or Sell? the business.
Jane Clarke, Railway Hotel Longford Tasmania
?The undersigned retiring from the above business in consequence of continued ill-health, is desirous of selling or lotting those well known premises situate in Marlborough-street, on the main road to Cressy. The house, built of brick, contains 16 rooms, besides large bar, brewery and plant, malthouse, stabling, weigh-bridge, requisite sheds, large yard, garden, well, &o., in good order. For further particulars apply to John Clark. Railway Hotel, Jan. 31.?
The hotel failed to sell, and John Clarke died at home, at The Railway Hotel, on the 9th May 1881, after ?a long and painful illness? (listed in his death certificate as ?general decay?). His widow, Jane Clarke (born 1831), pictured seated in the photograph to the right, with her daughters Rose, Mary, Charlotte, Florence and son Tasman John, took over as innkeeper and licencee. Another son, John, had died in infancy ?on 30th November, at his parents residence, Railway Hotel, Longford, John, the dearly beloved infant, son of John Clarke, aged one year and six months and nineteen days.??
In 1886 Rose Clarke?s husband, Mr Nichols, aged 41, the local blacksmith, died whilst trying to rescue a neighbours?s sheep dog whilst crossing the river near Woolmers. Mr Nichols had crossed the bridge on a horse and cart, leaving his brother-in-law, Master Tasman Clarke, and son, on the banks of the river, instructing them to wait whilst he crossed the river. No sooner had he crossed the river than he noticed his neighbour?s sheep dog stuck fast in ?a perilous position? and crossed the river again to rescue it. His reins came loose and he jumped into the river to retrieve the loose rein, then, hampered by his heavy coat, was swept away and drowned. The boys ran back to notify Mrs Clarke at The Railway Hotel. The sudden shock of Mr Nichols? death ?cast a complete gloom over the township?.
In 1893 William Russell (formerly of The Queen?s Head in Perth) took over as licencee. At some point John Clarke had defaulted on his mortgage to Arthur O?Connor of Connorville, although Jane Clarke continued to reside at The Railway Hotel until 1893. The mortgage passed to Roderick O?Connor, Arthur?s son, of Connorville. ?William Russell (late of Perth) applied for a license for the house at Longford formerly kept by Mrs Jane Clarke as the Railway Hotel, which had lapsed in January, the name to be changed to the Racecourse Hotel. Mr R. O’Connor, the owner, who was also present, promised to put the house in thorough order, and also attend to the stables. Mr Superintendent East said they would take Mr O?Connor’s guarantee. The house was built for a public-house, and was handy at race time as well as for the country people. Granted at a fee of ?12 o10 to the and of the year. Mr Russell intimated that the repairs would be proceeded with at once, and the house be ready for opening by the end of the month.? Mr O?Connor owned ?Connerville” at Lake River, near Cressy, one of the largest stations in Tasmania. His descendant, the current Roderic O?Connor still farms there.
In July 1893 George Russell placed an ad in the Examiner stating that ?Tenders will be received by the under signed for Alterations to Railway Hotel,Longford, and also for shingling this same.Particulars can be obtained from W. Russell, Longford?.
On 9th November 1895, the licence was listed as transferred from William Russell to George Stancombe Russell. On the 23rd Dec 1897, George Russell was granted a special licence to sell alcohol on Christmas Day at the Christmas Sports.
In 1887, 1901 and 1904 Annie Morrison, the widow of Donald Morrison – a high school teacher from Launceston – was listed as the licencee (and interestingly George Stancombe Russell had moved on to the Ringwood Hotel in Cressy).
The Daily Telegraph, a Launceston newspaper, produced a special feature on Longford on the 23rd November 1903, whilst Annie Morrison was licencee, in which they stated that ?This hotel is the only one in Longford where ‘free drinks’ may be had? at the horse trough? and very acceptable and refreshing they must be to the thirsty four-footed animals.? Annie Morrison was charged with Sunday trading on the night of the 28th of January 1900 and fined ?1. In 1903 she testified at the inquest of a Gentleman, George Mathews, who had drowned in the Lake River, saying ?she last saw deceased alive about nine o,clock on Saturday morning. He was quite sober, and bought a bottle of rum, similar to the one produced. He said he was going to Evandale, and would be back, in a few days. He came to her place on Wednesday, and did not have much drink while there. He had been in good health, as far as she knew. He left the Hotel by himself, and said he came from Mr H. Young’s,where he had left his things.?
In 1904 at a council meeting ?Mr Litmus asked if the water trough at the Racecourse Hotel belonged to theCouncil. Mr Hudson explained that it had been placed there at the expense of the owner of the hotel, and the WaterTrust had given the water. It was always available for horses and cattle in that part of town.?
For many years the Longford Racing Club held meetings at The Racecourse Hotel, as did many other local associations such as the Longford Junior Football Club and the City Cycling Club.
On the 2nd November 1909 the licence was transferred from Mrs Elizabeth Wise to Mr Anthony Munley, who on Sunday 19th November ?was robbed of ?17 from a private drawer?John Henry Barrington of Westbury was charged of having stolen the money?. On the 28th May 1910, Mr George Price was listed in the Examiner as having taken over as licencee. IN 1920 his son James was charged but not fined for ?failing to keep the outer door closed on Sunday 21st November? and the same day Richard Grooves was charged with ?supplying liquor to a person not being a traveller, lodger, or inmate?. In 1921 Inspector Swan opposed the renewal of James Price?s licence on the grounds that ?The house was not required in the neighbourhood and that it was not satisfactorily conducted. On the first grounds the court thought that on account of the house?s proximity to the showgrounds and racecourse it was required.?
On Tuesday 9th October 1923, Mr HTZ. J. Price advertised himself in The Examiner as being:
?the well-known proprietor of this popular hostel. There can be no difficulty in finding it, as it is opposite the show grounds. It is conducted in the good old style for its many patrons, and the traveller will find comfort, cleanliness, and convenience happily blended. For 12 years the hotel has been well patronised, specially on Show Days, when the popular SHOW LUNCHEON is arranged-a substantial and excellent meal being assured. Mr. Price will be pleased to meet old and new friends tomorrow (Show Day). The best brands of wines, spirits, and ales are available for all, as is excellent accommodation for vehicles and good stabling.?
Mr Price was married to Fanny Saltmarsh, whose family initially owned the three acres from the sheep pavilion to Bulwer Street at the showground, that is now part of the show ground site, opposite the Racecourse Hotel. Mr Saltmarsh sold the three acres to Roderic O?Connor of Connorville, who donated the area to the show committee in order that it be incorporated into the show ground site. Mr Price died at home at the Racecourse Hotel on the 5th May 1930 aged 61 and the licence transferred from his widow, Mrs Price, to Mr A.Eley. In 1933 Egbert A.Eley donated a set of racing tyres for the Longford cycling road race which commenced at The Racecourse Hotel.
Glassing is not a modern phenomenon, with a Mr Lindress charged in 1934 with striking another man on the cheek with a glass. ?Inspector Eyles said it was necessary to protect public interests, and also the licensee, who was endeavouring to conduct his house In a proper manner.?
W.H.Sayers, the licence by 1937, was charged and pleaded guilty to having permitted persons to be on his premises during prohibited hours on the 25th December 1938 (Christmas Day). A fine of ?1 with 8s costs was imposed. He had previously been charged in Oct 1937 ?with supplying intoxicating liquor to Clifford Uhlman, while a prohibition order was in operation. He pleaded not guilty, and was represented by Mr. F. Derham Green. Sayer said that on the day in which Ullman was in his bar Uhlman called to pay him some money, and defendant gave him a drink. He did not know that an order had been taken out. The case was dismissed.?
In 1940, the Racecourse Hotel was host to the wedding reception of Ila Mary Boyd, and Maxwell Charles Faulkner, who made their home at Rhodes, on Woolmers Lane.
Racecourse Hotel for sale
Mr Sayer left the district in 1941, selling all of his goods at auction, including ?a large quantity of vegetables?, and the inn was delicensed. At this stage the inn was still situated on 5 acres of land. Mrs Young (pictured left) then operated the Inn as a boarding house for elderly men until a fire in the 1950s destroyed most of the upstairs, including the roof, dormer windows and the stairwell. The owners did not repair the damage and the Inn remained derelict for almost 20 years, during which time it was used as a beehive, and possum trappers pinned skins to the upstairs ceiling. It was also a popular lover?s tryst for young people. A 1961 photograph clearly shows a ladder leaning up against the wall for access to the attic area?apparently many a Longford lad lost his virginity at the Racecourse Hotel.
Mrs Young at The Racecourse Hotel, Longford
In 1973 the inn was purchased by a young couple from Sydney, Rod Crockford, a television cameraman, and his wife Margaret, who had worked in advertising. They had already restored another Georgian house in Marlborough Street, and reinstated the dormer windows, but ran out of money to complete the restoration. In 1977 they sold the inn, which had been scheduled for demolition, to Ken and Mollie McWilliams and their son Michael, who over a period of three years accomplished a beautiful and sympathetic restoration. At one stage 20 workmen worked on the house; two plasterers laboured for six months on the plasterwork alone. Mr McWilliams purchased the old Longford Presbyterian Church to source convict bricks that were missing from the Racecourse Hotel, and Huon pine from a tumbledown building at Bishopsbourne. Mud 3cm thick had encased the staircase and a savage dog eluded capture by darting in and out of holes in the lathe and plaster walls.
Ken McWilliams was a wool buyer, and dealer in possum and rabbit skins, and Mollie and Michael both antique dealers. The house became their family home until 1989, when, with the children grown, it became too big for their needs. Mollie lovingly sourced vintage material for upholstery, sewing all the velvet curtains throughout the house, and sourced the magnificent cedar dresser in the dining room, built in 1850 by Mr Hudson, the husband of one of the Clarke daughters. As she stated in a magazine article in The Australian Woman?s Weekly, there ?wasn?t a cupboard in the place?, so Mr McWilliams had full length Huon pine cupboards installed in the kitchen. The floors throughout the building which had rotted away were replaced, as were the doors in the 6 upstairs bedrooms, which came from the old Metropole Hotel in Launceston. The skirting boards came from the Methodist Church at Cressy and 260 litres of paint were applied on the internal walls and ceiling.
In 1989 the Hotel was Purchased by Graeme and Helen Kennedy, who changed the name to ?The Racecourse Private Hotel? and converted the building to a bed and breakfast, one of the first heritage properties in Tasmania with ensuite bathrooms. Douglas and Mary Rutledge bought the house two years later and in addition to providing accommodation, offered a garden tour, ?Behind the Hedges?, visiting various ocal properties. They later opened an antique shop in Longford next to JJ?s bakery.
Bill and Robyn Baker bought the property in 1995, changed the name to ?The Racecourse Inn? and renovated the ballroom, running a popular fine dining restaurant for several years. The ballroom, now the dining room, features a tunnel-vaulted ceiling, one of only three in Tasmania (one of the others is at Sunnyside, Hobart – built in 1842), which is timber lined and plastered. The magnificent 3 metre tall cedar shop cabinet in the dining room originally belonged to Mr Hudson, the Longford undertaker and haberdasher. The two pieces had previously been separated, and were reunited by the McWilliams. The bottom of the bar was Mr Hudson?s shop counter, the top being a later addition.
Your hosts, Annabelle Sandes and Richard Costin, bought this beautiful building in March 2015, and are delighted to welcome you to their home. We hope that you will enjoy your stay at The Racecourse Inn.
The Racecourse Inn Longford Tasmania, heritage B&B accommodation
https://www.facebook.com/pages/The-Racecourse-Inn/1578533195719970?sk=timeline
|
cc/2020-05/en_middle_0016.json.gz/line2663
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.