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Adverbly
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The gigantic, terrifying Yule Cat feeds at Christmastime.
24 December 2019 adverbly
The Yule Cat is a huge and vicious cat who lurks about the snowy countryside during Christmastime and eats people who have not received any new clothes.
While Santa Claus is the central and typically solitary supernatural figure associated with Christmas for many Americans, European folklore is rife with other characters. A whole cast of such figures make their own annual Christmastime visits to evaluate children’s behavior and dole out corresponding rewards or punishments. Some of them supplement St. Nicholas, while others supplant him (consider Krampus and Belsnickel); some come from entirely separate traditions altogether. One such is the Yule Cat of Icelandic folklore.
The Jólakötturinn, or Yule Cat, is a monstrous feline taller than the tallest houses. At the end of the year, the creature lurks in the snow waiting to devour anyone who has not received new clothes for Christmas. Why new clothes? According to the National Museum of Iceland,
it was customary in the old rural [Icelandic] society that employers gave the employees in their home a new garment and sheepskin shoes for Christmas. This was done to reward the people for good work as the tasks that had to be accomplished before Christmas were numerous and therefore the weeks leading up to Christmas were characterized by a rigorous workload.
In this way, then, the Yule Cat rewards good behavior (hard work) and punishes slackers — perhaps a sensible ethic to promote given the harsh Icelandic climate.
Tonight is Krampus Night
5 December 2019 adverbly
In Central European folklore, Krampus is a horned figure described as “half-goat, half-demon,” who during the Christmas season punishes children who have misbehaved.
Fewer Christmas traditions are stranger than that of Krampus. Krampus, you may be aware, is St. Nicholas’s sinister (and lesser-known) demonic sidekick. If old St. Nick is the good cop who rewards well-behaved children with gifts of toys, Krampus is his bad cop counterpart: he punishes naughty children by beating them with birch switches (and by terrifying them with his demonic visage). Truly unlucky troublemakers might be kidnapped away in the basket he carries strapped to his back. The tradition recalls the old trope of saints vanquishing demons through the power of God and forcing them into their thrall, but likely has deeper roots in pre-Christian Alpine customs.
Many Americans remain unfamiliar with Krampus, although his profile has grown in recent years (owing in part, no doubt, to the 2015 holiday horror film of the same name). But he is widely celebrated across several parts of Europe, including Austria, Bavaria, Hungary, and surrounding regions. Young men in these parts will traditionally dress up as Krampus in the first two weeks of December, particularly on the evening of 5 December, and roam the streets frightening children with rusty chains and bells. So grab your mask, hit the streets, and get in the Krampusnacht spirit — just be prepared for some weird looks if you’re not in Europe.
Belsnickel, the crotchety fur-clad Christmas gift-bringer of German folklore
Belsnickel might wear a long black or brown coat or robe, held together at the waist with a rope, and a fur cap or bear skin hat, decorated with bells.
Old St. Nick’s not the only traditional Christmas character who comes round every December to evaluate children’s behavior and dole out corresponding rewards or punishments. In fact, there’s a whole cast of such figures across European folklore. Some of them serve to supplement Santa Claus, while others supplant him; Belsnickel is somewhere in the middle of this spectrum.
Originating in southwestern Germany along the Rhine (and preserved, among other places, in Pennsylvania Dutch communities in the United States), Belsnickel
is related to other companions of Saint Nicholas in the folklore of German-speaking Europe. He may have been based on another older German myth, Knecht Ruprecht, a servant of Saint Nicholas, and a character from northern Germany.Unlike those figures, Belsnickel does not accompany Saint Nicholas but instead visits alone and combines both the threatening and the benign aspects which in other traditions are divided between the Saint Nicholas and the companion figure.
Belsnickel is a man wearing furs and sometimes a mask with a long tongue. He is typically very ragged and disheveled. He wears torn, tattered, and dirty clothes, and he carries a switch in his hand with which to beat naughty children, but also pocketsful of cakes, candies, and nuts for good children.
With Christmas nearly upon us, there’s still time to get out there and do some ‘Belsnickling’!
Happy Krampus Day
Fewer Christmas traditions are stranger than that of Krampus. Krampus, as you may or may not be aware, is St. Nicholas’s sinister (and lesser-known) demonic sidekick. If old St. Nick is the good cop who rewards well-behaved children with gifts of toys, then Krampus is his bad cop counterpart: he punishes naughty children by beating them with birch switches (and by terrifying them with his demonic visage). Truly unlucky troublemakers might be kidnapped away in the basket he carries strapped to his back! The tradition recalls the old trope of saints vanquishing demons through the power of God and forcing them into their thrall, but likely has deeper roots in pre-Christian Alpine customs.
Many Americans remain unfamiliar with Krampus, although his profile has grown in recent years (owing in part, no doubt, to the 2015 holiday horror film of the same name). But he is widely celebrated across several parts of Europe, including Austria, Bavaria, Hungary, and surrounding regions. According to Wikipedia, young men in these parts will traditionally “dress up as the Krampus in the first two weeks of December, particularly on the evening of 5 December, and roam the streets frightening children with rusty chains and bells.” So grab your mask, hit the streets, and get in the Krampus spirit! Just be prepared for some weird looks, if you’re not in Europe.
The strange Christmas custom of Tió de Nadal
There are many holiday traditions that might seem a bit unusual upon closer inspection, and Christmas has more than its fair share (see Krampus, for example). One of the most unique and bizarre Christmas customs comes from Catalonia, Spain: Tió de Nadal (the “Christmas log”), also known as the “Caga tió,” literally meaning “the pooping log.”
The Tió de Nadal, according to Wikipedia, is a popular character in Catalan mythology. Basically, it’s a small, hollow log, typically adorned with legs, a face, and a festive hat. Sounds cute!–but there’s more. Wikipedia goes on:
Beginning with the Feast of the Immaculate Conception (December 8), one gives the tió a little bit to “eat” every night and usually covers him with a little blanket so that he will not be cold at night.
On Christmas day or, depending on the particular household, on Christmas Eve, one puts the tió
partly into the fireplace and orders it to “poop” (the fire part of
this tradition is no longer as widespread as it once was, since many
modern homes do not have a fireplace). To make him “poop”, one beats him
with sticks, while singing various songs of Tió de Nadal.
The tió does not drop larger objects, as those are brought by the Three Wise Men. It does leave candies, nuts and torrons.
Depending on the part of Catalonia, it may also give out dried figs.
When nothing is left to “poop”, it drops a salt herring, a head of
garlic, an onion or “urinates”. What comes out of the tió is a communal rather than individual gift, shared by everyone present.
Catalans even sing carols to the Tió de Nadal. Here’s one such song (translation included):
caga tió,
caga torró,
avellanes i mató,
si no cagues bé
et daré un cop de bastó.
caga tió!” poop log,
poop turrón,
hazelnuts and cottage cheese,
if you don’t poop well,
I’ll hit you with a stick,
poop log! giving log,
give us treats,
give us sweets!
if you don’t want to give,
Austria reassures refugees that there’s no need to fear Krampus
1 December 2015 5 December 2015 adverbly
Moving to a foreign land and experiencing a new culture can be trying under the best of circumstances, let alone following harried passage from war-torn regions. The new sights, sounds, and tastes can be overwhelming, the unfamiliar customs can be baffling, the different climate can be uncomfortable. I’m certain the Syrian refugees have confronted all of these things in Austria and elsewhere throughout Europe. But while each element of culture shock can (by definition) be cause for distress, one aspect of life in Austria that is likely to be particularly disturbing for uninitiated newcomers is… Krampus. For those unfamiliar, Krampus is “a horned, anthropomorphic figure who punishes children during the Christmas season who have misbehaved, in contrast with Saint Nicholas, who rewards well-behaved ones with gifts.” In Austria and other Alpine regions of Europe, early December often features “traditional parades in which young men dress as Krampus.”
Mindful of these festivities, “Officials in the village of Virgen worried about how new arrivals from the Middle East would react to the local tradition of meeting so-called ‘Christmas Devils’ who pretend to abduct kids.”
Fearing the spectacle would be misunderstood, community representatives last week visited the 22 migrants — including 12 children — who have been housed in the Alpine village since the end of October.
They were shown the frightening masks and given insight into the event’s history with the help of an Arabic translator. The verdict? The newcomers had “lots of fun,” according to social worker Nicole Kranebitter.
The migrants “will now know what to expect when St. Nicholas and the Krampus creatures knock on their door,” Kranebitter added.
She said the next event planned for the families who fled war-torn homelands will be traditional cookie baking.
What a great and thoughtful approach, and in such marked contrast to the xenophobia that has greeted migrants in so many other parts of the world.
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May 2011 News Headlines
Xabia on the Telly
Xàbia will feature in a TV programme going out on La Sexta2 tonight (at 6.15 pm) in the series "Carreteras Secundarias " (Secondary roads). The documentary, recorded in Xàbia, covers the Port and its fish auction, the Old Town and its covered market, and the bay from the sea. Sergio of La Perla Restaurant also explains how to make a paella. Our own Guiomar acts as guide for the two TV journalists. For those who miss the programme, it will be available on the web via the La Sexta web site from the following day. From XAD (Ed's note: the programme turned out like a promotion to attract the "A list" to Jávea. Not a single foreign tourist in sight ! I found the Castellano subtitles were very useful, unfortunately there are no subtitles on the on-line version) Here's a link to the on-line video: La Sexta programme on Jávea
Xàbia champions
Last week, Xàbia athelete Ignacio Cardona was proclaimed Valencian champion in vertical running He completed a 4.5km, 800m ascent in 34mins 50 seconds - way ahead of the second placed (1 hour six mins) Ignacio (known as Nasio) is already a top class international vertical runner. Meanwhile the girls basketball team won the provincial championships. From XAD La sexta 2...
Indonesia joins International Festival
The Xàbia International Festival is in its 16th year, and continues to grow. This year it will be joined by a group from Indonesia. The festival will be held over the weekend of 16th to 18th June. The organisers have asked the incoming administration to discuss with them the provision of more logistical support to enhance the festival . e.g. setting the dates earlier, and organising portable toilets and security to cater for the 25,000 visitors who come to the festival daily. From Las Provincias: Indonesia se suma.....
Road renewal works up for tender
The regional Department of Infrastructure has tendered the Xàbia road renovation plan. This is budgeted at 2.36 million euros and is to repair roads which have been damaged. Works will be carried out in the areas of Balcon al Mar, Montgó, Portitxol, main highway, Old Town, Puerto I, Puerto II and the Arenal. From Las Provincias: El Consell...
Xàbia awarded three blue flags
The Comunidad Valenciana has been awarded 116 blue flags this year - 104 for its beaches and 12 for its ports. This is 8 more than last year. In Xàbia the Blue Flag beaches are La Grava (in the Port), the Arenal and Granadella. The Blue Flag is an international award given annually by the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE) to beaches and marinas as an identifying symbol of high environmental quality, good services and security for users. For more about the FEE criteria see: FEE - About the Blue Flag From XAD: Xàbia obtiene...
Summaland music festival to hit Jávea
The Summaland festival of music and dance, which attracted some 50,000 people during its two seasons in in Barcelona - is being hosted by Jávea on July 29th and 30th. The music features Asere and the "Ministry of Sound" from UK. The festival will be located on the car park area next to Avenida Tamarits (opposite the Chinese Bazar and Hong Fu Wok restaurant. Tickets are on sale from June 6th: See Summaland website (Ed's note: How are they going to fit so many people in that small space ? I have a feeling there may be quite a few denuncias about the decibels. The site chosen is a built up area. Chiringuitos have to operate a minimum of 50m from dwellings and keep their noise level down to 45 decibels at night 55 deb during the day..See: http://agenda21-xabia.wikidot.com/news-beach-bars...is there special dispensation for this type of event ? )
Additional info is that there will be a macro site of 6,000 square metres with seating for 15,000 people, the music starts at 20.30 and goes on until 4.00am. There will, apparently, be no cost to the Town except the provision of local police and Red Cross. From Las Provincias: Xàbia entra en la ruta...
Diving Fiesta in Moraira
Ampolla Beach and Yacht Club are hosting a "Diving Fiesta" on 28th and 29th May. The planned activities will start on Saturday from 10am at L'Ampolla beach and include: sea baptisms (30 €) and snorkeling excursions (15 €). Meanwhile, the Yacht Club is organising dives to the "Cova de les Rates", Punta de Moraira and "Pessebret" at 9:30 h, 12h and 16h, for 20 € including all equipment. Also, after 19h there will be a night dive for 30 €. On Saturday, from 2.00pm there will be a beach barbecue. In addition, over the two days there will be audiovisual presentations, an exhibition and sale of items related to diving, marine biology information a point of sale for dive tickets.
From XAD: Fiesta de buceo...
60% turnout gives PSOE a majority for the first time in over 20 years
Xàbia is different. Bucking the national trend, where the socialist PSOE lost around 10 points to the centre right PP, the socialists in Xàbia actually gained seats. This is largely ascribed to the high regard people have of their leader, José Chulvi. Negotiations with other parties to form a governing coalition are still on-going. Chulví has stated publicly that he will sit down, listen and talk with all the parties who are committeed to change, (E-government, economic management and auditing, citizen participation, etc.), and that the allocation of council seats will be made depending on how the personal skills of each can be useful for the work to be performed. From XAD: Chulvi se plantea...
The Javeaamigos site gives more detailed information about the election results:http://www.javeamigos.com/news/Elections2011220511.htm
…Election Results - PSOE by a very short head (nose)…..PP stables not far behind….NJ fades….
Councillors: PSOE 6, PP 5, XD 3, Bloc-C 3, NJ 2, CPJ 2
Now … for the horse-trading……
Details on:
http://elecciones.lainformacion.com/municipales/2011/comunitat-valenciana/alicante/javea.html
Do-It-Yourself Election results
Here's a link to an Election simulation based on a modified d'Hont system - Go there and play with the number of votes!
The D'Hont Law favours the most popular parties (the more council members they have, the fewer the votes needed for the next) with the idea of strong government,
Thus a few votes mean a lot to the leading parties.
http://icon.cat/util/elections/mBshXWNeWA
Xábia al Día has estimated the number of spoilt votes.
Each party must (by law) get 5% of the votes to enter into the reckoning.
Last time 9,785 people voted (From 15.301 registered voters), which represented a 63.95% turnout
The simulation starts off with 1000 votes for each party
You adjust the turnout …and the result… by allocating votes to each party
Grassroots protests call for participatory democracy
Protests in major cities throughout Spain, organised via Internet social media, brought huge numbers of protesters out into the streets last Sunday; some 20,000 people came out in Madrid alone. The movement, called Democracia Real Ya, or Real Democracy Now is calling for participatory democracy: ""We're talking about participatory democracy at the local level, about participatory budgets and referendums," says Gándara. "We want politicians to be managers of citizen demands," adds Aguirre. "We don't want to remove the politicians - we want them to come down to street level." For full story in English see: El Pais - We don't want to remove
Eight whales sighted off Cabo de San Antonio
The Cabo de San Antonio is once again a great place for spotting whales. At 9 am on Tuesday, several boats observed three fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) swimming southward. The whales passed close to the markers that indicate the borders of the Marine Reserve. Only half an hour later, the crew of the Montgo Natural Park survellance boat, observed another group of five whales between 16 and 20 metres long. From Las Provincias: Avistan ocho ballenas.....
Photography group launches with an exhibition
A new group of photography enthusiasts called "Agrupació Fotogràfica Xàbia" launched itself with an exhibition in the Casa del Cable entitled "Impressions". The group which is open to amateur and professional photo enthusiasts alike, meets on Mondays in the Social Centre between 8.00pm and 10.00pm. The exhibition will be open until June 12th. It comprises 50 photos taken by group members. For more see their website:http://www.afxabia.com
Contrasting Urban Development models submitted to Agenda21 by the various political parties
The urban models proposed by Xàbia political parties in response to the Agenda 21 questionnaire have notable differences and in some cases contradictory land use patterns. A summary of the planning models presented by the five political groups which responded to the questionnaire is given in Urban development - contrasting policies. Readers might like to compare the proposed policies with generally accepted characteristics of a sustainable community. See: Sustainable Urban development
Row over police productivity bonuses
Members of the local police force are annoyed at the arbitrary distribution of productivity bonuses. Previously these were based on the vague criteria of "congratulations, complaints and objectives". There are 93 police officers and €164,000 available for bonuses. However the money was divvied up among only a few, with some officers receiving €800 per month, while others only €3. Needless to say there was much bad feeling in the ranks. New criteria for allocating bonuses was finally recently passed by the Town Council, but not without controversy, since the Bloc reversed its position and voted against the changes. However the measures were passed when the PP voted with the opposition. The new criteria are: work attendance (35%), personal performance (15%), the degree of resolution of services and tasks (15%), the degree of citizen satisfaction with an agent's work (10%), improvement in training (15%), propriety in relations with colleagues (5%), interest in the personal image and neatness of dress (5%). From XAD: El sindicato...
Politicians answer Agenda21 questionnaire but don't know the meaning of basic concepts
Answers to the questionnaire put together by members of the local Agenda 21 forum have finally been received from some of the political groups. The aim of the questions was to clarify policies on a number of aspects related to social, economic and environmental sustainability. The responses reveal a lot about the perception which each party has on citizen participation. They also reveal that some parties do not understand some of the basic concepts such as "Interpersonal Networks", "Strategic Plan" "ventanilla única" (One Stop Window). In total, five parties answered the questionnaire: Bloc-Centristas, Nueva Jávea, PSPV-PSOE, Xàbia Democrática and PP. For a full analysis of the parties approaches to Citizen Participation in English see: Politicians answer....
Fedexma questionnaire reveals different visions of a future Jávea
Answers to the questionnaire prepared by Fedexma for completion by the political parties revealed that all are unanimous in supporting the development of a Strategic Plan for the development of Javea. However they differ in the their vision of the town model which should be pursued. The CPJ and Xàbia Democrática, say the priority should be dispersed, extended development. Both XD and PSOE think that the Strategic Plan should determine the model. Nueva Javea is committed to a sea-side residential model, enhancing the attractiveness of a coastal town. While Bloc wants the model to be based on natural resources, landscape and energy efficiency. Finally, the PP proposes a Local Action Plan to develop a Strategic Plan to boost employment and prosperity. For a summary of the answers see: FEDEXMA questionnaire
Getting fishermen hooked on plastic
A European Commission initiative offers financial incentives to shipping fleets to go in search of the millions of containers littering the continent's seas.
The world's oceans and seas provide fewer and fewer fish each year, which in turn reduces the employment capacity of the fishing sector. At the same time, the inexorable growth in human population has deposited a vast swathe of plastic waste on the surface of the seas, causing innumerable environmental concerns. It is a double conundrum for which the European Union fisheries commissioner, Maria Damanaki, believes a solution is evident: fishing for plastic. "It has many benefits," she says. "There will be results in terms of decontamination and fishermen will be able to work during periods when they are unable to fish." For full article See El Pais in English: Getting fishermen...
Agenda21 Questionnaires received from five political parties
Five questionnaires quizzing the political parties about their plans for the future development of Jávea were returned. One of them (from the PP) arrived after the deadline, but it was agreed to accept and publish the fifth questionnaire with the others with the proviso that it would be headed with a note stating that the document had been received late, but the Agenda21 foro had agreed to publish it with the others so that the widest range of political opinions was made known. Agenda21 consultants will be writing some short press releases objectively highlighting issues where the parties differed in their approaches, and hint at policies which were unsustainable without naming names. The releases will be sufficiently mysterious to encourage readers to find out more. Readers will be asked to take such policies into consideration when deciding who to vote for. The Only English version of the Answers was received from Xàbia Democrática. For more see: http://agenda21-xabia.wikidot.com/questionnaire-for-political-parties-2011
Montgó Natural Park presents its plan for Public use.
Eco-reefs to help fish reproduction in Xàbia
Run down and abandoned - the Central Ciné and the Port
The pain in Spain stays mainly with the jobless
Election 2011 - Runners, Riders and racing tips
Runners and Riders
Who's who in the party lists
Autistic Administration
Xabia Democrática commits to Internet Management
Second debate for Would be Mayors - 11th May
Breakfast talk about Web 3.0
Bloc Centristas present their Candidates - May 5th
Rodat Chef selected for culinary competition
Agriculture in the Marina Alta falls by a half over the past two years
Nueva Jávea Questionnaire reveals Public concerns
A PP survey reckons they will win the elections
Thje Montgó Natural park is one of the most popular natural parks in Alicante province, with 400,000 visits per year. The governing body has just drawn up a plan for its future public use which has just been adopted by the Ministry of the Environment. The measures to be undertaken include
hiking and environmental education workshops with organized groups, improving the signage of roads and public facilities (playgrounds, shelters, etc.), explaining geological features, improving safety along the path to the Cova Tallada and dissemination of instructions and safety practices about the paths of the park. From . XAD: El parque Natural.....
The Pedreguer-based NGO, "4peace" has made some ceramic-based blocks designed to act as artificial reefs to encourage fish-breeding. The blocks, made from old porcelain, bricks, glass, stone and concrete have been used in Moraira, but in Xàbia, they have waited on the dockside for months pending the completion of paperwork. From Las Provincias: Una ONG.... (Eds note: It might be an idea to use the rusting, abandoned wreck which is currently sitting on the Port slipway (see below) as an artificial reef, to promote fish reproduction, for research and as a dive site for scuba divers. This was an idea which came up at Agenda21 in 2006….)
Over the past few days, Las Provincias has carried two articles about run-down public facilities in Jávea. The first concerned the Central Cinema building - near the Museum in the Old Town. This 350 seater has been abandoned since it was bought for 55 million pesetas in 2000 and it is now run down, with a roof which has fallen in. It is used as a municipal warehouse. Every electoral campaign, parties have pledged to do something with the Ciné, and this year is no exception, with proposals from the PP, Xàbia Democrática and Nueva Jávea. El Central.... The second article concerned the sorry state of the Port, especially the public areas which are managed by the Ports division of the regional Ministry of Infrastructure. The Levante breakwater is full of dirt and graffiti, the slipway blocked with concrete blocks, driftwood and a rusting wreck, there are no longer any nightwatchmen and fishermen have reported several thefts. In addition the Port has no rubbish bins and poor lighting. It also lacks a crane for lifting small boats for repairs. Denuncian..
Unemployment hit a new record high of 4,910,200 last week. A round 1 million unemployed receive no state benefits and in 1.38 million Spanish families, no one has paid work. In the first quarter of 2011, 256,500 people joined the dole queues – 5,000 more than in the same period last year. There is no sign of a quick end to the recession. For more see The Independent: The pain in Spain....
Do you need some help deciding who to vote for at the municipal elections? The on-line magazine, Xàbia al Día has prepared an Election Special in Castellano. English versions of some of the articles have been prepared for this Wiki - and will also appear in "The Grapevine" next week. Click on the links below to get a sneak preview of the articles. Note: A free, printed edition of the XAD Election Special will be available around town as of Monday
The next Jávea municipal election is a nine-horse race. There are the major parties, PP to the right and PSOE to the left; the nationalist Bloc-Centristas, the independents: Xàbia Democrática, Nueva Jávea and Ciudadanos por Jávea, as well as fringe Esquerra Republicana, Junts per Xàbia and the newly formed Unión Ciudadana por la Democracia. Through the analysis presented, Editor and psychologist, Guiomar Ramirez Montesinos tries to give a comprehensive but accessible view of the political reality of Jávea. She has tried to be as objective as possible, but the reader must create his own informed opinion, reading the manifestos of each candidate and trying to get up close to the would be mayors at the various rallies.
A list of the top candidates on each party list, the names they are commonly known by (nick-name, abbreviation, etc..) and their profession or most prominent social position. Only those who are likely to be elected are shown.
An analysis of what went wrong with the Monfort administration.
Xàbia Democrática proposes an "Open Town Hall", a new management model that gives the public access to the Town Hall via the internet. This is part of an ambitious plan to modernize and reorganize the administration. It includes free software that allows an administration to manage peoples' complaints and suggestions and keep track of them using a tracking code. This system could be used, especially for everyday problems, maintenance, cleanliness and safety. The consultations would be private and confidential, and the process would finalise with an email sent to the user, informing him that his problem had been solved. Xàbia Democrática has launched a simulation version of this service. People can make complaints or suggestions via email ue.acitarcomedaibax|sajeuq#ue.acitarcomedaibax|sajeuq or ue.acitarcomedaibax|saicneregus#ue.acitarcomedaibax|saicneregus, Or http://www.facebook.com/XD.XabiaDemocratica. From XAD: Xàbia Democrática....
The entrepreneurs association, XàbiaIdea has organised a debate between the mayoral candidates for Wednesday, 11th May at 8.00pm in the Parador. The theme will be the local economy, and will involve dialogue between candidates. There will also be questions from the floor. Everyone is invited to attend, and there will be a dinner at the Parador after the event, open to everyone. For more info and reservations contact moc.liamg|aediaibax#moc.liamg|aediaibax. From XAD: XàbiaIdea....
One of the biggest problems we face today is information overload, a problem that is heightened by the enormous size of the Web which provides access to millions of resources, regardless of their physical location and language. According to some Internet experts, Web 3.0 will allow the user to sit back and let the Internet do all of the work for them. Rather than having search engines gear towards your keywords, the search engines will gear towards the user. Date: May 12, 2011 from 10 to 12 hours Venue: Hotel El Rodat (Javea) Registration: Free, seating limited to 45 people. Speaker: Dolors Reig, social psychologist and senior editor of the blog THE SHELL http://www.dreig.eu/ From Xàbia Idea Website: http://xabiaidea.es/
The Bloc Centristas will be presenting their candidates tomorrow (Thursday) at 8.00pm , at the electoral haedquarters by the Plaza Marina Alta (Next to the Post Office) . Afterwards everyone will have some "coques". All welcome (From Press Release)
Ivan Gru, and young chef from the El Rodat hotel has been selected as a finalist in the first "Premios Plato'10 de Alicante" cooking competition. He will compete with three other finalists for the Best New Chef award. The results of the competition organised by the "Asociación de Hostelería de la Provincia de Alicante" will be announced on May 8th. (From XAD: Ivan Grau...
According to the Valencia Association of Farmers (AVA), regional agriculture is in rapid decline. This is partly due to the unprofitability of oranges and grapes (a farmer receives the same amount of money for 13 kilos of oranges as a shopper in the Netherlands pays for one orange). There are few young people coming into the industry (average farmer age is around 60); land was abandoned during the era of speculation for housing development; and farms in this area are very small, less than a hectare. In contrast, in Andalucia, the minimum farm size is 20 hectares, which allows for more efficient mechanisation. From Las Provincias: La agricultura de la.....
Since last year, Nueva Javea has carried out a street survey in which they asked 1000 people what their needs and suggestions are, with the aim of including these concerns in their political manifesto. The survey was carried out in Castilian, Valencian, English, German and Dutch. Among the most recurrent themes are those related to dog mess on the pavement, the neglect of the Arenal promenade and high IBI. Smoke from agricultural burning is considered a nuisance as is the inability of some categories of people to obtain public health services.From XAD: NJ pregunta...
The electoral committee of the Xàbia PP has released a press statement reporting that a telephone survey of 200 randomly chosen over 18 year-olds, covering all the urban centres of Xàbia will give the PP 8 to 9 councillors at the next election ..and hence victory. The actual questions have not been published, but the majority of the respondents are reported to have indicated that "the PP is the political alternative which generates the highest preference among the citizens of Xàbia to win the post of mayor" Six out of ten of the people surveyed said they would go to vote, and that among them, the PP is the preferred choice to win the post of mayor. The survey was done by a professional company, and reports 95.5% confidence level plus or minus 7% From Press release . (Eds note: you could drive a bus through the holes in this survey !)
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Clive Leyman: Clive was Chief Aerodynamicist on the Concorde programme.
"If I have seen further it is only by standing on the shoulders of giants" – Isaac Newton
Most people who worked on the design of Concorde would agree that the success of the aircraft depended on two men who stood head and shoulders above the rest of us – Bill Strang and Mick Wilde.
When I first came to Bristol in 1957 I had thought I was going to work for the Bristol Aeroplane Company, but before I got there it had become Bristol Aircraft Limited. Bill was already a god-like being, the Chief Designer of the Britannia, who lived in a windowless office in No. 1 DO. Mick was at that time the Chief Aerodynamicist. Both became heavily involved in the early Supersonic Transport Aircraft Committee discussions that led to Filton winning the Concorde development contract. In 1960, following the government enforced merger of aircraft companies Bill became a director and Chief Engineer of the Filton Division of the new British Aircraft Corporation (but to most people at Filton BAC still meant Bristol Aeroplane Company!) In those days Filton still functioned almost as a family concern, and it was certainly a pleasant place to work. The Design Organisation was a happy unit, and a great deal of credit for this must go to Bill's leadership. A quietly spoken but forceful personality, Bill preferred to lead rather than drive.
Someone, I can't remember who, once remarked "My father was very even tempered – he was always angry". That could certainly not be said of Bill. Only twice in our long relationship did I see him lose his cool, once when some supplier's representative had done something to upset him and once when the DO decided to 'work without enthusiasm' at a critical point in the programme.
Working for him was nevertheless a challenge, for Bill possessed an extraordinary ability to pick up the essential features of whatever problem you had encountered and well before you had finished explaining it to him he had seen a solution and was asking you questions that you were certainly not ready to answer.
Mick, who by this time was Assistant Chief Engineer, was an entirely different character – more of an extrovert, with an incredible capacity for hard work, he also led by example, but in his case one felt one had to match his efforts.
These characteristics matched their contributions to the project. Concorde's politics were incredibly complicated – two lots of civil servants, two scientific civil service organisations, each subdivided into airframe and engine branches, four manufacturing companies each with their own subdivisions, and multiple airlines. Bill's interest lay in the structures and systems side of the design and he also looked after the 'civil service' side of the politics. Personal relationships can become very important even in formal contract situations and Bill established an excellent rapport with Jim (now Sir James) Hamilton who was Concorde Director-General from 1966 onwards. Mick's personality led him more towards sales activities and liaison with the airlines, especially with their Performance, Economics and Noise committee - subjects for which BAC had responsibility. This division of responsibilities worked very well.
In private life also their characters and hobbies matched. Bill was never happier than when sailing his beloved Olivia Ann along the coast of his native Devon, whereas Mick was an avid golfer who played off a handicap of six. One might almost say that Bill captained the ship and Mick did the driving!
An article such as this inevitably depends on personal reminiscences, so ...
Coming in on a conversation where Bill and Mick were bemoaning the fact that "they" would not agree to a particular course of action. Now we lesser mortals were quite accustomed to complaining that "they" would not allow us to do what we thought obviously correct, but it was a surprise to learn just how far up the tree "they" lived.
Bill would delegate – entering a room where he and Doug Thorne were poring over a graph of Concorde's empty weight against time, he flung it at me with the words "You aerodynamicists extrapolate everything – where is that going to finish up?"
On that famous afternoon of 2nd December 1962, a group of us sat in Mick's office on the upper floor of No. 4 DO looking out over the runway We heard the unmistakeable sound of an Olympus surge, saw white clad figures running like hell away from the Vulcan, saw the arrival of the fire engines and the two streams of blazing fuel run down the hill like the horns of a Zulu Impi to surround and engulf the brand new fire engine and watched in awe as the magnesium castings in the aircraft burned. A magnificent, if expensive, fireworks display, but one we could only watch surreptitiously, because throughout the whole process Mick did not once pause the meeting or even turn his head to see what was going on!
Two remarkable men with whom it was a privilege to work.
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Bill Strang.
Mick Wilde.
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Coastlines (2)
Dredges (1)
Folk dancing (2)
Gold mining equipment (1)
Marmots (1)
Mining equipment (1)
Mountain sheep (1)
Parades & processions (2)
This footage shows Dall sheep in the hills (focus is soft) and a bear near a river.
This film is labeled "San Diego, San Francisco, Los Angeles, Alaska Hiway [Highway] to Fairbanks” and notes with the film say “Might be Arne Larsen film, Hiway driving Chevy, 1950s Chevy, Fairbanks, Dave Larsen?, Birch Hill, Dragline, Jergen mining, Gold Dredge Ester or Fox, Circle Hot Springs, Jergen and Guri Lealand, San Diego shipyard, zoo, SFO, LAX.” The film contains footage of Alaska Highway travel, the Riverboat Nenana in a dry dock, Aurora Lodge, a panoramic overview of Fairbanks, mining activities, a gold dredge at work, a dragline in operation, a power plant building, a gold dredge in a float pond, a dragline, hydraulic giants, a conveyor belt, a Circle Hot Springs lodge, the Circle Trading Company building, and scenes outside Alaska.
[Family activities]
This film contains images of a family gathering at Christmastime, a boy and dog playing, a dead wolf, a mining operation, an airport, children dressed as cowboys, travel scenes outside Alaska, a parade outside Alaska, and the Hoover Dam.
[Family scenes, Alaska Highway travel]
Film contains footage of a little girl (aproximately 1 year old) at a birthday party with a cake and presents, a little girl playing with toys, a little boy's 3rd birthday party with children, cake, the child opening presents, a truck on a snowy road, scenic views of mountains and winter snowscape, a little girl about 2 years old, a man, woman, and child standing outside on the side of a road in winter, snowscapes viewed from a moving vehicle, snowy roadway viewed from a moving vehicle, winter landscapes, tall cabin at Whitehorse in Canada, sternwheeler riverboats on a shore at Whitehorse, cars racing around a snow track in the winter on the Chena River in Fairbanks, ice skaters performing for a crowd outside in winter on the Chena River in Fairbanks, views of Fairbanks businesses along river, views of the outside of a building, a man standing with a dog, scenic views of the landscape, ships on the water, a church with a Nativity scene in front, a bridge (not in Alaska), a woman and man standing outside of a brick home (not in Alaska), Pan American airplane at an airport, the mountains filmed from an airplane in flight, a man and a boy standing in snow in front of a truck, military vehicles along a snowy road, views from a truck driving down the Alaska Highway, and a truck at Whitehorse in Canada with sternwheeler riverboats on the shore in the background.
[Fur Rendezvous, polar bear, Kotzebue, Nome, Unalakleet, kayak races]
Footage features an Alaska Native dance demonstration in front of a crowd on an Anchorage baseball field, a blanket toss, and dog mushers racing across a flat area; polar bears on ice in Northern Alaska; the Kotzebue waterfront, fish drying on racks, children, the post office, the trading post, the Wien Arctic Hotel, a whalebone, and Alaska Native women and a man with closeup views of their faces; Native dancing in Nome with King Island Chief Aulaġana (John Olarana or Olaranna) and others, a blanket toss, and fish drying on racks; the Unalakleet waterfront with kayaks and an airplane on floats, kayak races, and a demonstration of a kayak roll by a man wearing a gutskin parka. The film is made from three shorter reels of film spliced together. The original boxes are labeled as follows: 1) Fur Rendezvous – 100’ $30.00 - #60013. 2) #54 Polar Bear - $15.00. 3) #28 Kotzebue, Unalakleet, Nome, Kayak Races.
[Mining operations]
This film contains images of a mining operation, a bulldozer pushing muck, sluice box cleanup, a snowy landscape, children playing, a truck loaded with logs, a man operating a hydraulic giant, Wien aircraft, a parade and other travel scenes outside Alaska, a Boeing VC-137B Air Force One aircraft painted in white-and-red color scheme at an airport outside Alaska.
[Scenes from around Alaska]
This film contains images of a dead wolf, bulldozers, a man and woman and two boys, people sledding on a hillside, blowing snow along Steese Highway, Circle Hot Springs in winter, a mining operation, men working in sluice box as children play, fall landscape, caribou, winter landscape, summer landscape, Cat train moving over snowy ground, Ocean Van Line trailer, tractor trailers hauling supplies, a bulldozer plowing a path through trees, scenes in northern Alaska, a dog team, a dead seal, an Alaska Native family posing for the camera outside of a wall tent, a Cat train, an airport, tractor trailers, a bulldozer plowing snow, a Cat train, and men working to free a vehicle that has fallen though ice.
[Walrus hunt, Kotzebue, Nome, Unalakleet, kayak races, wildlife]
This film contains footage of a waterfront in a northern Alaska coastal village, many people in a motor-powered umiak, a camp on a rocky beach, Alaska Native children playing in a tent, men throwing a rope into the water to retrieve a log, men on the edge of sea ice getting into an umiak, open water and sea ice, homes at the edge of the steep rocky island of Little Diomede, people unloading supplies from an umiak onto the shore on Little Diomede, and then some footage is repeated. The footage also features foxes playing in brush; the Kotzebue waterfront, fish drying on racks, children, the post office, the trading post, the Wien Arctic Hotel, a whalebone, and Alaska Native women and a man with closeup views of their faces; a Native dancing in Nome with King Island Chief Aulaġana (John Olarana or Olaranna) and others, a blanket toss, and fish drying on racks; the Unalakleet waterfront with kayaks and an airplane on floats, kayak races, and a demonstration of a kayak roll by a man wearing a gutskin parka; arctic ground squirrels or parka squirrels, a man feeding squirrels, a pika, a marmot, and seals on a beach and in water. Persons and locations identified in 2015 by a person who once lived in the Nome area include: Belmont Point, Snake River, Bering Sea Hotel, Sam Mogg, Charlie Dickson (?), Olaf Piscoya and persons from the Ozenna family, Big and Little Diomede Islands, and Aloysius Pikonganna. This film is made from five shorter reels of film spliced together. The original boxes and cans are labeled as follows: 1) Walrus Hunt - $131.25 [on leader = Color Reproduction Company – Hollywood, California]. 2) Walrus Hunt Reel 1 - $73.00. 3) Reel #19 Foxes – 220’ @ .29 $63.80. 4) XXVIII – 400’ – Kotzebue: tents, homes, post office, trading post, Wien Arctic Hotel, old Eskimo woman in sun on beach, older Eskimo woman and son – Nome: informal Eskimo dance with King Alarna, blanket toss – Unalakleet : 4th of July kayak races, rolling kayak over to upside down then to right side up. 5) #67 Parka Squirrels – Alaskan Parka – 100’ $30.00.
[Whittier earthquake cleanup, Lake George glacier breakup, wildlife]
Footage includes foxes playing in brush; men working to repair railroad tracks, damaged buildings and burned out fuel storage tanks in Whittier following the Great Alaska Earthquake of 1964, rubble along the shoreline, Lake George glacier breaking up, bears fishing in a river and playing onshore, aerial views of a volcanic crater, seals on a beach, closeups of young seals, and bears and cubs eating and fishing. The film is made from six shorter reels of film spliced together. The original boxes and can are labeled as follows: 1) Foxes - #60013 – 100’ $30.00. 2) R-58 Whittier Earthquake - $15.00. 3) #41 Lake George Glacier Breakup - $15.00. 4) #49 Close-up Brown Bears - $15.00. 5) #39 Fur Seals - $15.00. 6) #44 Bear and cubs - $15.00.
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Team:Freiburg Bioware/Safety
Timon (Talk | contribs)
Achim (Talk | contribs)
environment.<br>
<h3>Availability of molecular biological techniques</h3>
<h2>Broad avilibility of material</h2>
The knowledge required for the creation of a genetically engineered virus can easily be accessed from all over the world in online gene banks and publication databases and could be potentially be used for a destructive purpose <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16819443"><sup>20</sup></a>. In 2007, Scott C. Mohr published the first part of his manuscript <a href="http://openwetware.org/images/3/3d/SB_Primer_100707.pdf">Primer for Synthetic Biology<sup>14</sup></a></li>. This open accessible document explaining the basics of molecular engineering addresses people interested in genetics but coming from a non-academic background. This development called "garage biology" or "biohacking" is a clear indication for the tendency to have knowledge about molecular biology available in society, as it was seen with programming and computer hacking from ~1980 on.
<h2>Szenarios of attack</h2>
<h3>Availability of synthesized DNA</h3>
One of the reactions to the publication of the genome sequence of the Spanish flu strain from 1918 was <a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v438/n7065/pdf/438134a.pdf"> v. Bubnoff, 2005<sup>25</sup></a></li> who pointed out the lax handling of the reconstituted virus sequence, the ease of availability and the low effort that has to be invested to recreate a virus:
<blockquote>''"Scientists in Canada are planning to work with the virus, although they will not request it from the CDC. [...] Reconstructing the live virus from its DNA would then take just a few days, he says.''</blockquote>
Technical advances and dropping prices in the field of gene synthesis brings several deadly germs into the range of small research projects or even private persons as for example Spanish Flu (Influenza H<sub>1</sub>N<sub>1</sub>) with a 13.5 kbp <a href=http://expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_species/131.html><sup>*</sup></a> or even the Ebola virus with a 19 kbp genome <a href=http://expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_species/207.html><sup>*</sup></a>.
In 2006, the “Guardian” journalist James Randson ordered a 78 bp DNA oligonucleotide coding for the capsid of the smallpox <i>Orthopoxvirus variola</i> with the intention to alert the public.
<a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2006/jun/14/terrorism.topstories3"><sup>10</sup></a> <br>
In the United States, smallpox are listed as schedule 5 pathogens in the <i>Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act of 2001</i> and are illegal to keep or use without first notifying the civil authorities.<br>
On the other hand, it is questionable if these prohibitions or perhaps the size of the smallpox genome of ~200 kb <a href=http://expasy.org/viralzone/all_by_species/149.html><sup>*</sup></a> are sufficient to prevent de novo synthesis in the future efficiently. His intention was to focus the public's attention to the possibility that one of the most severe plagues in the history of mankind could be synthesized and released to the environment, either intentionally or by mistake. This would be a tragic setback since the smallpox's eradication was celebrated in 1979 by the World Health Organization as one of the greatest victories in the history of medicine <a href=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/smallpox/en><sup>33</sup></a>.<br>
In order to prevent the unauthorized synthesis of gene sequences encoding hazardous biological agents, efforts to implement sequence analysis algorithms into the operating procedure of all organizations and companies capable of synthesizing gene sequences are being undertaken.<br> <br>
This barrier should be implemented not on a voluntary basis but as a legally binding regulation. It should be enforced by the government on a national level, but effort should also be made to find solutions for an international progress on this issue.<br>
As a first step, the development of search algorithms as Craic's BlackWatch<a
href="https://biotech.craic.com/blackwatch/introduction.html><sup>34</sup></a> should be promoted and refined.<br><br>
Additional to this sequence base search for possible misuse of gene sequences, each order of already existing or synthesized genes could first be aligned with a list of countries, and in a second search with the so called Hadex exclusion list that names people and organizations excluded from obtaining dual-use gene material<a href=http://www.idialog.eu/uploads/file/Synbiosafe-Biosecurity_awareness_in_Europe_Kelle.pdf><sup>1</sup></a>.
<h2>The nature of biological weapons - Who is willing to accept their drawbacks</h2>
When considering the use of biological means for warfare, a potential aggressor has to accept several serious drawbacks. Biological weapons are not fully controllable, harmful effects to the civilian population cannot be foreseen. If replication-potent germs were used for such a purpose, they could possibly mutate and seriously harm mankind or other animal populations.<br>
This makes biological warfare unattractive for most nations, especially because more predictable weapons exist that can easily be directed against military targets with limited collateral damage.
Unfortunately, national warfare programs are not the only source of danger when considering biological warfare.
<blockquote>"An increasing number of countries believe that their political and security interests could be protected or achieved only through the possession of such weapons, especially in view of the overwhelming superiority of the US armed forces in terms of conventional weapons."<a href=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12789408><sup>22</sup></a></blockquote>
Several countries around the globe are technically capable to develop biological weapons or to support terroristic groups in doing so. When this physical capability meets an ideological attitude that is based on contempt for other concepts of society, it cannot be ruled out that biological warfare is taken into consideration.
<h2>Synthetic Biology vs. Nuclear Research - Consideration in terms of security policy<h3>
When considering the history of research, the dual-use character of technical innovations has always been present, only the reaction of society to it differs from case to case. As an example, scientific discoveries in the field of nuclear physics where treated as classified information having a high relevance for the national security as shown in the case of the Manhattan project<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19784453"><sup>17</sup></a>. A comparable censorship is not established in life sciences research apart of some cases when national security was endangered.<br><br>
Another point concerning the threat arising from biological weapons is the absence of methods that can be used to monitor such weapons of mass destruction as pointed out by M.R. Dando. This fact and the increasing world-wide mobility would make it impossible to prevent the spreading of such weapons when once accessible to potential assassins.
<h3>Is a revision of basic research necessary in sensitive research fields? </h3>
The publication of research papers containing dual-use knowledge caused several people to call for regulation. In the United States, the so called Fink Committee evaluated the possibility that research in life sciences could be used for biological warfare purposes and how this could be avoided.<a
href="http://www.idialog.eu/uploads/file/Synbiosafe-Biosecurity_awareness_in_Europe_Kelle.pdf"><sup>1</sup></a><br><br>
This committee had two recommendations:
<li>To familiarize the scientific community with the dual-use problem in the life sciences.</li>
<li>To review experiments of concern. Experiments are of concern if they:
<li>render a vaccine ineffective</li>
<li>confer resistance to therapeutically useful antibiotics or
antiviral agents</li>
<li>enhance the virulence of a pathogen or render a nonpathogen
virulent</li>
<li>increase transmissibility of a pathogen</li>
<li>alter the host range of a pathogen</li>
<li>enable the evasion of diagnostic/detection tools</li>
<li>enable the weaponization of a biological agent or toxin</li></ul>
<li>To review publications with a strong dual-use factor</li>
<li>To create a National Science Advisory Board</li>
<li>To improve the oversight and reduce unauthorized accessibility of hazardous gene material</li>
<li>To include the life sciences into the efforts for national security</li>
<li>To harmonize the international oversight over dual-use research</li>
The implementation of these recommendations would be desirable, even though they might cause inconveniences for scientists working in the affected fields.
<h2>Conclusion</h2>
Concluding all factors mentioned above, we need to consider the possibility that a person, organization or state could misuse the fast-advancing life sciences for biological warfare. The possibilities and the simplicity of dual-use research misuse will become more and easier the faster the scientific progress advances.<br>
Therefore it is important to minimize these potential risks before they become reality. This is not only the task of a designated group but a moral obligation for scientists, politicians and everybody related to dual-use research. Especially scientists have to contribute to and lead the continuing discussion on this topic because they are able to estimate how aspects of their research fields might be misused.
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Modularization
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Definition: "biosafety measures aim to prevent the unintentional exposure to pathogens and toxins, or their accidental release" 1
Risk assessment for our Adeno-associated virus based system
In Germany the "Central Commission for Biological Security" (ZKBS) released three legally binding Risk Assessment satements for the Adeno-associated Virus 26, 27, 28. Risk assessment in other countries may deviate from these decisions, so please inform yourself about the legal regulations on AAV in your country before using the Virus Construction Kit.
In Germany the Biological Safety Level(BSL) classifications for AAVs are:
Adeno-associated Virus 2, 3 and 5 have to be handled under BSL 1.
Adeno-associated Viurs 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 have to be handled under BSL 2.
This classification was developed based on the fact that only serotypes 2, 3 and 5 are isolated from humans and that their harmlessness has been confirmed in clinical studies. This general classification has to be rechecked when the virus contains gene sequences with a transforming protential.
Viral vectors systems packaging a vector plasmid that only contains the viral Inverted Terminal Repeats (ITRs) and providing the genes for Rep and Cap in trans (as it is the case for our system) are classified as BSL 1 if the following conditions are fullfilled:
The viral particles do not contain AAV derived sequences other than the ITRs
The viral particles do not contain Nucleotidesequences with a risk potential
We also investigated the legal regulations for AAV-2 Viral Vector systems in the United States. The guidelines of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) classify in the Appendix B32 AAV-2 Vector Systems as Risk Group 1 (RG1) agents that can be treated under BSL 1. In detail the appendix states "... adeno- associated virus (AAV) types 1 through 4; and recombinant AAV constructs, in which the transgene does not encode either a potentially tumorigenic gene product or a toxin molecule and are produced in the absence of a helper virus."
Other general observations with the Adeno-associated Virus 2 AAV-2)are:
In clinical studies the viral vectors were not dilivered to the gonades.
Vector sequences were not detectable in the patients blood or urine at an examination 48 h after an infection with AAV-2 29.
In absence of Rep proteins, the vector DNA stays extrachromosomal and is not frequently integrated.
Concluding all these informations and regulations, the project that we have designed in this year is clearly classified as BLS 1.
General biosafety regulation in Germany
Which specific biosafety rules or guidelines do you have to consider in your country?
In Germany all work that includes recombinant DNA technologies is regulated by the Gesetz zur Regelung der Gentechnik. This law regulates general aspects in the life sciences and refers for more precise interpretations in §4 to the Zentrale Kommission für die Biologische Sicherheit. The ZKBS is a commission composed of 20 technical experts that releases yearly statements to actual issues of biosafety. So far the ZKBS released three stratements affecting the work with Adeno-associated viral systems 26, 27, 28. These documents were used to assess the dangers that could arise from our project to team members and the enviroment.
Is there a local biosafety group, committee, or review board at your institution? If yes, what does your local biosafety group think about your project?
At the Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg for all concerns of security the Stabsstelle Sicherheit is responsible and to contact if questions arise. Especially for questions of biological security Dr. Petra Markmeyer-Pieles is cognizant. We contacted her a first time befor the begin of our project in March when it was clear that the Adeno-associated Virus (AAV-2) was chosen as the topic of our project. At that time she proposed to do the cloning in the AAV-2 that is for sure to handle under biological security level 1 and to prepare everything for work under biological security level 2 to satisfy the precaution principle. The precaution principle was realized and all viral vectors that contained a modified capsid were handled under SII conditions until proven harmless. In August the planing of the project was completed, summarized in an Biosafety application30 and handed to the department for biological security who approve the application in an official BSL1 confirmation31official BSL1 confirmation for our project.
Would any of your project ideas raise safety issues in terms of: researcher safety, public safety, or environmental safety?
Our project was designed in a way that it avoids any serious safety issues as far as possible. When working with infectious particles a minimal risk for the researcher is allways present. This risk was minimized by restricting the transduced genes to fluorescent proteins and prodrug convertases that are already proven not to harm human cells in the absece of the corresponding prodrug. A potential danger for the public or the environment was minimized as much as possible by following strictly the rules of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) and the abdication of using randomized insertions in the capsid and of replication potent viruses. Minimizing the risk for team members and the society was was allways one of the major concerns, especially because worries about undergraduate students manipulating a virus could arise. The security concept will be explained by quoting and explaining the six guiding principles for safe manipulation of Gene Manipulated Organisms (GMOs) as summarized in Kimman et al. ; 200818.
1) Hazard recognition and identification Risk assessment has been done and all legal regulations were considered as described in the last paragraph.
2) Biological containment Biological containment means the usage of organisms with "reduced replicative capacity, inefectivity , transmissibility, and virulence"18. For our project only replicative deficient viruses were used, additional all modifications aimed to have a specific targeting of the resulting viral vectors for a specific cell type. This gain in specificity requires it to cut off the braod natural tropism resulting is an less infective virus copared to the wild type virus.
3) Concentration and enclosure All working steps for the preparation of viral vectors were carried out in a BSL II laboratory and within this laboratory work with the AAV was restricted to a separate Laminar flow cabinet type II. Cell culture and storage of the virus was also done in separate Freezers and incubators. All laboratories and epipment that contained viral vectors were specially marked, for example with a Biohazard warning signs.
4) Exposure minimization This aspect of the guiding principles can be sumarized under "operator protection"18. The Exposure minimization was achieved in our laboratory by wearing special labcoats for the SII laboratory and gloves that were desinfected and changed regualrely. During manipulation of viral vectors attention was payed to avoid droplets and especially aerosoles. A possible diversion of the viral vectors was avoided by cleaning all equipment when inserted or removed from the Laminar flow cabinet and after completion of the work task.
5) Physical containment The requirements for the physical containment were fullfilled by performing all manipulation on the AAV in an BSL II laboratory that guaranted a restriction of persons that entered the laboratory.
6) Hazard minimization For the AAV-2 there are no sugestive activitis because the possible danger that runs out of the AAV is comparably low, vaccination is not avilible and biomonitoring is not necessary.
Do any of the new BioBrick parts (or devices) that you made this year raise any safety issues? If yes, did you document these issues in the Registry? How did you manage to handle the safety issue? How could other teams learn from your experience?
Several composite parts that were assembled by our Team this year are alone capable of producing infectious viral particles when transduced together with a vector plasmid and a helper plasmid into AAV-293 cells. These special cells provide the adenoviral gene E1 stabily integrated in trans. These cells are not provided in the Virus Construction Kit nor availible in the Parts Registry and have to purchased from other laboratories or a commercial supplyer. For this reason we estimate the risk of a accidental transformation of AAV-293 cells with all three plasmids for negligible. Nevertheless we considered it useful to mark every BioBrick or Composite Part in the Registry that contributes to the production or is capable of producing viral vectors when transformed under the previously mentioned conditions.
Contribute to community discussions on what needs to go into a code against the use of our science for hostile purposes (see A Community Response)
Public Perception
importance of maintaining public legitimacy and support
apllications should demonstrate clear social benefits
not overhyped - anxiety and unrealistic hopes
psychological research into the concept of "identity-driven decision-making" (Torpman,2004) 19
Every grout has a set of norms: a code of conduct about what is acceptable beahviour (Jaques, 2004] 19
Trade-off between potential misuse and promising medical progress
Do you have any other ideas how to deal with safety issues that could be useful for future iGEM competitions? How could parts, devices and systems be made even safer through biosafety engineering?
In principle each research-project that bears any risks for engaged researchers, mankind or the environment should be treated under the precautionary principle as proposed 11: "treat synthetic microorganisms as dangerous until proven harmless".
This would mean to work on such synthetic DNA containing Bio Bricks at least under Biological security levels two.
Additional to this secure working environment the system itself can be optimized according to biosafety aspects, means to reduce it's viability outside the laboratory. This aim can be approached by reducing the systems ability to evolve, proliferate and interact with it's environment. A common method to achieve this goal is to engineer microorganisms in a way that they depend on nutrients that can't be found in the environment in sufficient amount.
Def: "measures focus on the prevention of theft, misuse , or intentional relese of pathogens and toxins" 1
The malignant use of biological agents in history
The misuse of biological agent as weapons in warfare is a fear spreading companion in the history of mankind, ranging from the well-poisoners in prehistoric times to bio-terrorists present days. The following brakt intends to give a short outline of the major events22:
First systhematic use of chemical weapons during the first world war
The 1918 flu pandemic lasted from March 1918 to June 1920 and killed approximately 50 Million people around the world. Rumors circulated that this pandemic is caused by the other combatant nation.
"Prohibion of the Use of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or other Gases and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare" was signed on 19 June 192522
Several combatant nations of the second world war established biological warfare programs.
The range of the Japanese biological warfare program lead several nations to expand their own biological warfare program.
Limited military use22 and the advances in molecular biology (e.g. the first isolatin of a gene and the discovery of the restriction enzymes in 1969) lead to the "Convention on the Prohibion of the Development, Production and Stockpilling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on Their Destruction " (BTWC) on 10 April 1972.
''"develop, produce, stockpile or otherwise acquire or retain: ... Microbial or other biological agents, or toxins whatever their origin or method of production, of types and in wantities that have no justification for prophylactic, protective or other peaceful purpose..." ''3
Breach of the BTWC by the Soviet Union which continued their offensive biologicla warfare programm
Stop of the biological warfare Program "Biopreparat" accompanies the Dissolution of the Svoviet Union in 1991
Antrax attacks in the USA in 2001
After this short description of misused biological components there is still the question what impact biological warfare will have in the future of mankind.
Broad avilibility of knowledge
n the life sciences information has allways been freely acessible for everybody who is interested in the results of a particular research project. The combination of this global availibility with the new possibilities of the internet broad for literature search and availibility of gene sequences made it easiere to collect informations for a possible misuse.
For the overwhelming majority this open availibility is absolutely desirely but on the other hand there are also examples of research results that bear a very high risk to be misused.
Following we present the three most controversial discussed publications that could also be read as a "How to create your own bioweapon".
Mousepox Virus in Australien
The Australian research group around Jackson et al. ; 2001 16inserted the coding region of the IL-4 gne into the genome of mousepox. They hoped to create a virus that sterilizes mice and thus provides a means for pest control. Contrarely to their expectations they had created a superstrain that killed even naturally resistent mice and mice that had been vaccinated against normal mousepox. This discovery could potentially be used to make smallpox resistant to potential vaccines.
Synthesis of a Polio Virus
At the State University of New York Cello et al. ; 2002 05 synthesized a "living" polio virus from scratch. Especially the Supporting Online Material caused worried remarks because it precisely describes how to assemble a virus from small oligo nucleotides. The authors jusifyed their project by declaring that they:
"made the virus to send a warning that terrorists might be able to make biological weapons without obtaining a natrual virus"17
Reconstitution of the Spanish Flu
At the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) the group around Tumpey et al. ; 200524 published that they had sequenced and recreated the pandemic Spanish Flu Virus of 1918 which killed 20-50 million people. The publication of the sequence provoked several very different responses that can only be partially be quoted here. The controversial noticed outrider of the Synthetic Biology Craig Venter seen in the new virus
"the first true Juressic Parc scenario" 2
The Institute Professor at the MIT Philip A. Sharp supported the publication because he:
"belive[s] that allowing the publication of this information was the correct decision in terms of both national security and public health" 12
Wheras v. Bubnoff; 200525 critisizes the CDS for it's careless regulations for the shipment of viruses and the willingness to propagate highly virulent viruses. This causes in his opinion the risk of possible accidents resulting in the release of the virus to the environment.
Availability of molecular biological techniques
The knowledge required for the creation of a genetically engineered virus can easily be accessed from all over the world in online gene banks and publication databases and could be potentially be used for a destructive purpose 20. In 2007, Scott C. Mohr published the first part of his manuscript Primer for Synthetic Biology14
. This open accessible document explaining the basics of molecular engineering addresses people interested in genetics but coming from a non-academic background. This development called "garage biology" or "biohacking" is a clear indication for the tendency to have knowledge about molecular biology available in society, as it was seen with programming and computer hacking from ~1980 on.
Availability of synthesized DNA
One of the reactions to the publication of the genome sequence of the Spanish flu strain from 1918 was v. Bubnoff, 200525
who pointed out the lax handling of the reconstituted virus sequence, the ease of availability and the low effort that has to be invested to recreate a virus:
''"Scientists in Canada are planning to work with the virus, although they will not request it from the CDC. [...] Reconstructing the live virus from its DNA would then take just a few days, he says.''
Technical advances and dropping prices in the field of gene synthesis brings several deadly germs into the range of small research projects or even private persons as for example Spanish Flu (Influenza H1N1) with a 13.5 kbp * or even the Ebola virus with a 19 kbp genome *. In 2006, the “Guardian” journalist James Randson ordered a 78 bp DNA oligonucleotide coding for the capsid of the smallpox Orthopoxvirus variola with the intention to alert the public. 10
In the United States, smallpox are listed as schedule 5 pathogens in the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act of 2001 and are illegal to keep or use without first notifying the civil authorities.
On the other hand, it is questionable if these prohibitions or perhaps the size of the smallpox genome of ~200 kb * are sufficient to prevent de novo synthesis in the future efficiently. His intention was to focus the public's attention to the possibility that one of the most severe plagues in the history of mankind could be synthesized and released to the environment, either intentionally or by mistake. This would be a tragic setback since the smallpox's eradication was celebrated in 1979 by the World Health Organization as one of the greatest victories in the history of medicine 33.
In order to prevent the unauthorized synthesis of gene sequences encoding hazardous biological agents, efforts to implement sequence analysis algorithms into the operating procedure of all organizations and companies capable of synthesizing gene sequences are being undertaken.
This barrier should be implemented not on a voluntary basis but as a legally binding regulation. It should be enforced by the government on a national level, but effort should also be made to find solutions for an international progress on this issue.
As a first step, the development of search algorithms as Craic's BlackWatch22
Synthetic Biology vs. Nuclear Research - Consideration in terms of security policy
When considering the history of research, the dual-use character of technical innovations has always been present, only the reaction of society to it differs from case to case. As an example, scientific discoveries in the field of nuclear physics where treated as classified information having a high relevance for the national security as shown in the case of the Manhattan project17. A comparable censorship is not established in life sciences research apart of some cases when national security was endangered.
Is a revision of basic research necessary in sensitive research fields?
The publication of research papers containing dual-use knowledge caused several people to call for regulation. In the United States, the so called Fink Committee evaluated the possibility that research in life sciences could be used for biological warfare purposes and how this could be avoided.1
To familiarize the scientific community with the dual-use problem in the life sciences.
To review experiments of concern. Experiments are of concern if they:
render a vaccine ineffective
confer resistance to therapeutically useful antibiotics or antiviral agents
enhance the virulence of a pathogen or render a nonpathogen virulent
increase transmissibility of a pathogen
alter the host range of a pathogen
enable the evasion of diagnostic/detection tools
enable the weaponization of a biological agent or toxin
To review publications with a strong dual-use factor
To create a National Science Advisory Board
To improve the oversight and reduce unauthorized accessibility of hazardous gene material
To include the life sciences into the efforts for national security
To harmonize the international oversight over dual-use research
Concluding all factors mentioned above, we need to consider the possibility that a person, organization or state could misuse the fast-advancing life sciences for biological warfare. The possibilities and the simplicity of dual-use research misuse will become more and easier the faster the scientific progress advances.
Include something in your project description and presentations that demonstrates that you have thought about how others could misuse your work.
For sure there is allway the possibility that knowledge to produce transgene viral vectors could be used to produce bioweapons. Therefor it was important for us to use a system that does not bear the risk that someone could use it for evil purpose. In the case of the Adeno-associated virus the very limited packaging capacity is the major reason that excludes it from the list of agents that could realistically be used for the pruduction of bioweapons. Even a fully replication potent AAV will depend on the coninfection of a helpervirus and is therefore not suitable for a fast propagation in an population. Additional to this point we concentrated our project on the retargeting of the virus - means to make the broad tropismn more narrow and to decrease the transduction efficiency in the most cases. This modification is usually mainly required for medical purposes. Also we did neither investigate possibilities to shield the vector from the immune system of potential host nor ways to bypass an existing immunity.
01 Synthetic Biology & Biosecurity - Awareness in Europe | Kelle ; 20071
02 Synthetic Biology - Social and Ethical Challenges | Balmer et Martin ; 20082
03 Synthetic Biology - Applying Engineering to Biology
04 The Impact of the Development of Modern Biology and Medicine on the Evolution of Offensive Biological Warfare Programs in the Twentieth Century | Dando ; 1999 04
05 Chemical Synthesis of Poliovirus cDNA: Generation of Infectious Virus in the Absence of Natural Template | Cello et al. ; 2002 05
06 Dangerous research : When science breeds nightmares | Steinbruner et Harris ; 2003 06
07 Synthetic Genomics - Options for governance | Garfinkel et al. ; 2007 07
08 Synthetic biology | Benner et Sismour , 2005 08
09 Synthetic biology—putting engineering into biology | Heinemann et Panke ; 2006 09
10 Revealed: the lax laws that could allow assembly of deadly virus DNA | Randerson ; 2006 10
11 The Promise and Perils of Synthetic Biology | Tucker & Zilinskas ; 2006 11
12 1918 Flu and Responsible Science | Sharp ; 2005 12
13 The Darker Bioweapons Future | CIA ; 2003 13
14 Primer for Synthetic Biology | Mohr ; 2007 14
15 [[Media:Freiburg10_The bugs of war.pdf]]
16 Expression of mouse interleukin-4 by a recombinant ectromelia virus suppresses cytolytic lymphocyte responses and overcomes genetic resistance to mousepox. | Jackson et al. ; 2001 16
17 Governance of dual-use research: an ethical dilemma. | Selgelid ; 2009 17
18 Evidence-based biosafety: a review of the principles and effectiveness of microbiological containment measures. | Kimman et al. 2008 18
19 A Hippocratic Oath for life scientists | Revill et Dando ; 2006 19
20 Empowerment and restraint in scientific communication. New developments make it easier to share information, but more difficult to deal with dual-use biology. | Campbell ; 200620
21 When risk outweighs benefit | Aken ; 2006 21
22 Advances in life sciences and bioterrorism. Risks, perspectives and responsibilities.| Beck ; 2003 22
23 PNAS policy on publication of sensitive material in the life sciences | Cozzarelli ; 2003 23
24 Characterization of the Reconstructed 1918 Spanish Influenza Pandemic Virus | Tumpey et al. ; 200524
25 Deadly flu virus can be sent through the mail| v. Bubnoff; 200525
26 Risk assessment of human Adeno-associated viruses| ZKBS; 200126
27 Advises for AAV carrying cell cycle regulating genes| ZKBS; 2004 27
28 Risk assessment of human Adeno-associated viruses and AAV derived vectors| ZKBS; 2005 28
29 Evidence for gene transfer and expression of factor IX in haemophilia B patients treated with an AAV vector.| Kai et al. ; 2000 29 Bioverteilung in Klinischer Studie
30 Biosafety application of the iGEM team Freiburg_Bioware 201030 (in German)
31 Official classification as Biological Safety Level 1 by the local biosafety office31
32 Appendix B | National Institute of Health 32
33 Media centre - Smallpox | World Health Organisation 33
34 BlackWatch Homepage | Craic computing34
Retrieved from "http://2010.igem.org/Team:Freiburg_Bioware/Safety"
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Must-see Masters with Tiger Woods back among the best
Recto seeks to establish Taal rehab body to aid community, eruption victims That prompted Jason Day to say, “For him to come back and win … I don’t think it’s going to be a huge surprise now.”As much as golf has missed the energy he brings to a tournament, Woods has missed golf, especially that first full week in April.He has been to Augusta National each of the last two years for the Champions Dinners. Just like always, Woods walked up the stairs to the locker room reserved for Masters champions. But there were no clubs. No boxes of golf balls. No need to register. No tee time.“Very frustrating,” Woods said. “Because I love playing Augusta National. I love it. And I know how to play it. Sometimes I don’t play it well, but I know how to play it. Me being out there on those greens and hitting putts and being creative, there’s no other golf course like it in the world and there’s no other golf tournament like it.“It is literally … it’s a players’ heaven.”ADVERTISEMENT Jiro Manio arrested for stabbing man in Marikina Scarlett Johansson, Sterling K. Brown among SAG Awards presenters Woods, Thomas, Dustin Johnson and Rory McIlroy are the betting favorites for this Masters.Johnson won at Kapalua by eight shots to start the year. Thomas won in a playoff at the Honda Classic with two bold shots, and he holed a wedge from the fairway that got him into the playoff with Mickelson in Mexico. McIlroy birdied five of his last six holes to win the Arnold Palmer Invitational. Then two-time Masters champion Bubba Watson ended two years without a victory by winning at Riviera and the Match Play.For McIlroy and Johnson, there is a mixture of pressure and redemption. Three players have a shot at the career Grand Slam this year and it starts with McIlroy at the Masters, who for the fourth year goes to Augusta National needing only a green jacket to compete the greatest collection in golf. Mickelson at the U.S. Open and Jordan Spieth at the PGA Championship will get their opportunities later.Johnson will make progress simply by teeing off. He was denied that last year after he slipped down the wooden staircase of his rental home in Augusta on the eve of the Masters and had to withdraw with a back injury. He was the clear favorite a year ago, the winner of three straight tournaments.A man of few thoughts except for the shot ahead of him, Johnson prefers not to dwell on the memories of last year.“Why? There’s nothing you can do about it,” he said. “That has nothing to do with anything that is happening now.”Woods, too, is all about moving forward.Gone, at least for now, are the back problems that kept the starter on the first tee at Augusta National from uttering four words that golf fans long to hear: “Fore, please. Tiger Woods.”For those who felt as though the Masters could not get here soon enough, Woods was right there with them.“Very eager,” he said with a smile. “I feel like I’m physically able to do it again. And it’s going to be a lot of fun.” Don’t miss out on the latest news and information. This March 18, 2018 photo shows Tiger Woods lining up a putt on the second green during the final round of the Arnold Palmer Invitational golf tournament in Orlando, Fla. This Masters is as much about a red shirt as a green jacket. Woods is back at Augusta National for the first time since 2015, and he even looks so much like the Tiger Woods of old that he has been installed as a co-favorite (AP Photo/Phelan M. Ebenhack)This Masters is as much about a red shirt as a green jacket.Tiger Woods is back for only the second time in the last five years, and what makes the sight of him at Augusta National even more tantalizing is that Woods is starting to look like the player who dominated golf for nearly 15 years.ADVERTISEMENT Sports Related Videospowered by AdSparcRead Next ‘It’s on:’ Pacquiao, Matthysse set for July 15 clash in Malaysia Conor McGregor seeks to emerge from controversy in UFC comeback He has power. His short game is sharp. He makes putts.Never mind that Woods is not ranked among the top 100 players. Or that it has been 13 years since he last won the Masters in that Sunday red shirt, and four years and eight months since he last won any tournament.FEATURED STORIESSPORTSGinebra beats Meralco again to capture PBA Governors’ Cup titleSPORTSAfter winning title, time for LA Tenorio to give back to Batangas folkSPORTSTim Cone, Ginebra set their sights on elusive All-Filipino crownThe buzz following Woods since his return from a fourth back surgery has been bigger and louder than when he was No. 1 in the world, piling up 79 victories on the PGA Tour and 14 majors. The longer he was away from the game, the more his feats looked even more legendary. And the longer he was gone, the more plausible it was that Woods might never return, at least not at a competitive level.In his last three starts leading to the Masters, Woods was within one shot of the lead at some point in the final round. His only close call was the Valspar Championship, when he was a 40-foot birdie putt away on the 18th hole from forcing a playoff. Carpio hits red carpet treatment for China Coast Guard PLAY LIST 02:14Carpio hits red carpet treatment for China Coast Guard02:56NCRPO pledges to donate P3.5 million to victims of Taal eruption00:56Heavy rain brings some relief in Australia02:37Calm moments allow Taal folks some respite03:23Negosyo sa Tagaytay City, bagsak sa pag-aalboroto ng Bulkang Taal01:13Christian Standhardinger wins PBA Best Player award In Liverpool, Man United sees the pain and path to recovery Lights inside SMX hall flicker as Duterte rants vs Ayala, Pangilinan anew MOST READ LATEST STORIES Nadine Lustre’s phone stolen in Brazil Cabuyao City rising above the ashes through volunteerism Can he win? It seems like such an absurd thought considering where Woods was even a year ago.He told Jack Nicklaus at the Champions Dinner last year how much he was hurting, and Nick Faldo was struck by the negative tone. Woods had fusion surgery on his lower back two weeks later. Then, in another low moment, he was arrested in the early hours of Memorial Day on a DUI charge when Florida police found him asleep behind the wheel of his car.The image of Woods pumping his fist in that red shirt was replaced by the sunken eyes of his mug shot. Woods attributed it to a bad combination of prescription drugs and sought treatment.He sure didn’t look like a Masters favorite then. He didn’t look like one just over six months ago at the Presidents Cup, where as an assistant captain he said he could picture a scenario where he didn’t return to competition at all.Now he has one thing in mind: another green jacket.“I’m just building toward April,” he said.The biggest obstacle for Woods? So is everyone else.Adding to the anticipation of the Masters, which starts April 5, that all the best players are hitting their stride going into the first major of the year. In the first 12 weeks, 11 players who won on the PGA Tour already were eligible for the Masters.That list even includes Phil Mickelson, still going strong, as capable as ever to win a fourth Masters and become the oldest champion at age 47. The playoff victory over Justin Thomas in the Mexico Championship was the validation that Lefty needed.“I needed to get a win before Augusta so I wasn’t trying to win for the first time in four-and-a-half years at that event,” Mickelson said. “This certainly boosts my confidence and gives me a lot of encouragement.” Judy Ann’s 1st project for 2020 is giving her a ‘stomachache’ View comments read more
Over-analysis ‘killing’ football says Pochettino
Tottenham were awarded two penalties which have been the source of fierce debate in the past two days, while Spurs midfielder Dele Alli was also booked for diving.Pochettino felt all three calls were correct, but Liverpool counterpart Jurgen Klopp was left fuming as his side were pegged back in stoppage time when Harry Kane converted the second controversially awarded penalty.Tottenham’s impressive performance has subsequently been overlooked as the decisions of the officials are analysed with a fine-tooth comb, and Pochettino believes paying so much attention to such issues takes away from the essence of the game.“Football is a creative sport, in which you need the talent, that grows in a very intelligent person, a very smart brain,” he said.“And now we are so focused on minimal details. I don’t know. I am worried that in a few years, if the sport that we love now (will still be) a passionate sport that the people love to watch around the world.“If we are not pushing that sport into a very rigid structured (one) – with the VAR, with being focused too much on the small actions like this.”In what will be seen as supporting Alli’s constant issue with diving, Pochettino also claimed the England star’s problem isn’t worth worrying about.“To stop the game, to punish people that … 20 years ago, 30 years ago, it was like all congratulate the player when he tricks the referee or like this. If you remember the football 30 years ago,” he said.“That is the football that I was in love with when I was a child. Football is about trying to trick your opponent. You know? Yes or no? Tactic – what does tactic mean?“When you do some tactics it is to try to trick the opponent. You say, ‘Oh I play on the right but I’m going to finish on the left’.“It’s a mix that I am worried that maybe we are going to kill the game. We love this game.”0Shares0000(Visited 1 times, 1 visits today) 0Shares0000Mauricio Pochettino believes the constant analysis of refereeing decisions is bad for the game © IKIMAGES/AFP/File / Ian KINGTONLONDON, United Kingdom, Feb 7 – Tottenham boss Mauricio Pochettino fears English football’s obsession with over-analysis of decisions and a fixation with diving could kill the sport.Pochettino’s side drew 2-2 at Liverpool on Sunday in a match marred by contentious penalty decisions by referee Jon Moss. read more
Hosts All Saints dominate Cathedral Primary Nairobi Inter Schools football
The under 13 boys finals between Jonathan Gloag and Peace junior was a mouthwatering clash, ending in a goalless stalemate to force the match head into post-match penalties that saw Peace Junior emerge victorious.The under 11’s boys was the most competitive in the tournament with All Saints Cathederal winning 1-0 against St Veronica.All Saints was crowned Best performers winning all but 1 of the 5 categories.The guest of honour former Harambee Stars player Simon Mulama while presenting medals to the best players said he was pleased to see young talent being showcased and tapped.0Shares0000(Visited 5 times, 1 visits today) 0Shares0000All Saints was crowned Best performers winning all but 1 of the 5 categories.NAIROBI, Kenya, March 11 – Hosts All Saints dominated the 5th edition of the All Saints Cathedral Primary School Nairobi Inter football tournament that went down over the weekend at All Saints Primary in Madaraka.The hotly contested 7 aside matches saw five schools compete; Riara, Jonathan Gloag, All Saints Cathederal, Peace Junior and St Veronica battling it out in the under 7,9,11 and 13 categories. read more
SUV a bit sluggish but easy on ozone
AD Quality Auto 360p 720p 1080p Top articles1/5READ MOREWhicker: Clemson demonstrates that it’s tough to knock out the champHowever, the Mariner’s powertrain can get it doing 25mph on just the electric motor. When the engine isn’t needed – such as at slow speeds, when coasting or idling in traffic – it shuts down, and electric power kicks in. There is little sensation that a power shift is under way, but the engine rpm needle drops below zero into the green zone, a clever eco symbol. All this is possible because the company revised the control system’s software to improve how the two power systems work together. The company also promises better fuel efficiency of 34miles per gallon while motoring around town, about 14percent better than the 2007 model. And the hybrid components come with an eight-year, 100,000-mile warranty. The test model came equipped with the hybrid premium package that can display the hybrid system in operation on the video screen. Mercury went big with the redesign, too. The Mariner got a new hood outfitted with a “waterfall grille” that is larger than on previous models. The grille’s opening is bigger and so is the Mercury badge. A new roof panel helps reduce noise, vibration and harshness, and recessed channels improve airflow over the vehicle.160Want local news?Sign up for the Localist and stay informed Something went wrong. Please try again.subscribeCongratulations! You’re all set! Like its corporate cousin the Ford Escape, the Mercury Mariner received a remake for 2008, including the option of a full hybrid power plant. “Full” means the hybrid system can run on its gasoline engine, electric battery power or both. And Mercury says the acceleration is similar to a V-6, but with a smaller gasoline engine. During trips around the San Fernando Valley, the 133horsepower engine seemed a tad underpowered at times, and it was sluggish climbing the steep grade at the south end of Winnetka Avenue. The test model also emitted a strange creaking noise when accelerating and stopping. But this ride is about eco-friendliness and not horsepower. read more
Huge turn out for Service of Thanksgiving and Re-dedication – Pic Special
A huge crowd turned out for the Service of Thanksgiving and Re-dedication in Donegal Parish Church took place on Friday night.There’s a stirring going on here,” the Bishop of Derry and Raphoe, Rt Rev Ken Good, told worshippers in Donegal Town, on Friday evening, “and practical steps are being taken to respond to spiritual things.”He was speaking at the Service of Thanksgiving and Re-dedication which followed the restoration of Donegal Parish Church, which was built in 1828 and which had sustained significant damage in a Christmas Day lightning strike just over two years ago. The Republic’s Minister for Education, Fine Gael Deputy Joe McHugh, and Sinn Féin TD, Pearse Doherty, were in the congregation to hear the bishop compare the Jerusalem of the 6th century B.C. to modern day Ireland.Also present were the Mayor of Donegal Town and Surrounding Areas, Pauric Kennedy, county councillors, clergy from other churches and the bishop’s wife, Mrs Mary Good.The Rector of Donegal Group of Parishes and Archdeacon of Raphoe, Ven. David Huss, began the service with an update on the fundraising effort to pay for the restoration work – mostly to the spire and tower of the building.He said: “We’re delighted that over the past 12 months, thanks to the generosity of so many people, over €128,000 has been raised – which takes us within striking distance of our over-all target of €186,000 to complete the payment of the work.” The Rector said Donegal Parish Church was a much-loved landmark in the town and they were delighted to see it restored to its original glory.“I would venture to say it’s looking as good as it has since 1828,” he added. “A church spire is a pointer to heaven, an arrow looking upwards and encouraging us in the midst of our busy lives to turn our thoughts towards the Lord, and that is what we’ll be doing tonight.”In his sermon, Bishop Good said it was a big night for the community, as well as for the parish, the town, the county and for the Church of Ireland.“So, to all those who’ve worked hard – and much hard work has been done – I want to say my own personal thanks and congratulations. To the architects, builders, craftspeople, generous donors, people involved in any way, I say to you all well done.”Bishop Good paid tribute to Archdeacon Huss for his leadership in the Donegal Group of Parishes and for the manner in which he was helping his congregations to grow in discipleship. He also commended parishioners for “seizing the moment” and allowing the Lord to stir them into action. Following the Service, the congregation were invited to the nearby Abbey Hotel for refreshments and fellowship.Huge turn out for Service of Thanksgiving and Re-dedication – Pic Special was last modified: March 2nd, 2019 by Shaun KeenanShare this:Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window)Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window)Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window)Click to print (Opens in new window)Tags:Donegal ParishService of Thanksgiving and Re-dedication read more
Kaepernick throws passes for 40 minutes at odd NFL workout
By PAUL NEWBERRY AP Sports WriterRIVERDALE, Ga. — Colin Kaepernick threw passes for about 40 minutes on a high school field, then signed autographs for hundreds of fans who gathered in an end zone to watch his NFL workout that was suddenly moved Saturday, the latest strange twist in the saga of the exiled quarterback.Eight team representatives made it to the new location, including Philadelphia Eagles vice president of football operations Andrew Berry. It appeared the Jets, Redskins and … read more
Kirstenbosch wins again at Chelsea
19 May 2015Kirstenbosch has yet more silverware to add to its trophy cabinet – the South African National Biodiversity Institute (Sanbi-Kirstenbosch) received Silver Gilt for its 40th exhibit at the Royal Horticultural Society Chelsea Flower Show, to the delight of designers David Davidson and Ray Hudson and the team of Sanbi staff and volunteers who worked tirelessly to achieve the result.The annual Chelsea Flower Show takes place in London between 19 and 23 May. Sanbi-Kirstenbosch is participating for the 40th time.There were some tense moments when it looked as if the stand might not be completed in the allotted time, said Sanbi-Kirstenbosch. On Sunday morning, 18 May, with hours to go before the cut off time, only part of the consignment had been released from customs, and then not the feature plants.But it was a story of camaraderie once it became clear that the whole consignment was not going to get there. Volunteer Jenny Badenhorst, a landscaper from Johannesburg, and Jo Lankester walked the show to see who had the appropriate plants and with warmth and generosity other exhibitors rallied around offering whatever was required to fill the gaps.A celebration of 40 yearsWhile still calling the exhibit “a celebration of 40 years” and despite not being able to showcase the feature plants, the generosity of the other exhibitors made up for some of the disappointment.Among others, plants were donated by Kientzler in Germany, as well as Prince Harry’s Lesotho garden, which donated kniphofias and aloes; Australia donated proteas, aloes, polygala and the use of its forklift to assist; and France donated juncea and grasses.“It was a race against time,” said Davidson. “We advised the judges of our predicament and these factors were taken into account when judging.”When Monday morning dawned, the judges made their way around the more than 550 stands that made up the show. It was an onerous task selecting and debating the awards and there was no hint as to what the various exhibitors had achieved. Then it was celebrity time as London’s rich and famous wandered the show, stopping here and there for a word and a photograph. Finally, it was time for Queen Elizabeth and her entourage to tour the show before the preview day ended.It was not until Tuesday morning (May 19) – opening day – that the awards were revealed. This is the scene every year for the team that puts together the Sanbi- Kirstenbosch exhibit at this “Olympics” of flower shows. And, in a year in which Kirstenbosch National Botanical Garden has won several major awards, it was with great joy and jubilation that the garden’s 40th Chelsea entry notched up a Silver Gilt – the same as it achieved in 2014.Plants South Africa gave the worldThis year’s display includes a retrospective tableau of memorable exhibits, as well as a display of “Plants South Africa Gave the World” and a named flower specimen display. A special tribute to the work of British floral designer Pam Simcock, who was responsible for the design and creation of the Kirstenbosch-South Africa exhibits staged at Chelsea on behalf of the South African government for the first 18 years of its participation in the show, was included.It was a treasure trove of information and colour and a trip down memory lane for those who are regular visitors and contributors to the show.Sanbi chief executive officer Tanya Abrahamse had high praise for the team. “Hearty congratulations!” she said. “A Silver Gilt is a fitting tribute to the design skill and the dedicated work of the team that put this exhibit together. The opportunity to showcase different aspects of our rich and unique biodiversity on this international platform is one that we value highly.“Winning this Silver Gilt is success not only for Kirstenbosch and Sanbi but for the country as a whole. Many visitors to South Africa travel as a result of seeing our exhibit at Chelsea and we welcome the opportunity of showing off our beautiful country through its 10 botanical gardens.”Popular with visitorsA popular destination, the Sanbi-Kirstenbosch stand attracts many of the more than 150 000 visitors to the Chelsea Flower Show and provides a showcase for the country.Once again, the important role that botanical gardens play in contributing to the country’s tourism statistics is underscored. As a snapshot to the country’s botanical heritage, it is these gardens coupled with the wide variety of unusual attractions that bring many visitors to the country.The Kirstenbosch Centenary Tree Canopy Walkway, which was declared the Most Beautiful Object in South Africa at Design Indaba Expo 2015, is one such attraction that has increased the numbers of visitors to the gardens.“This year’s exhibit showed themes and iconic elements from seven earlier gold award exhibits, recreated to commemorate this special anniversary. We are showing the botanical and cultural diversity of a range of geographic locations, botanical gardens and biomes of South Africa as well as the section on Plants South Africa Gave the World,” explained Davidson.“We are delighted that this show of diversity has achieved a Silver Gilt and that the team has been reward for all their hard work.”Source: South African National Biodiversity Institute read more
What Does That Much-Hyped, Over-Used, Muddled Word “Cloud” Really Mean?
I’ve been involved with computers my whole life, but over the years, I’ve taken multiple sabbaticals from the devices. Upon my return about a year and a half ago, there was a new term being thrown around – “cloud”.I wasn’t sure what was going on, but everyone was very excited about this “cloud” business. The only thing was, I kept trying to define it by contextual clues and two months later, I had determined that “cloud” was synonymous with “Internet” and “Web.” As time has gone on, however, the term has become more and more muddled, so I’ve decided again to delve into the exact definition of our favorite word – “cloud”.It wasn’t until I had a long chat at last year’s SXSW with then-Rackspace senior manager of corporate communications Michelle Greer that I understood that “cloud” isn’t simply a replacement for “Internet” or “Web”. It has to do with immediate scalability, virtualization and distributed computing, among other things. Nonetheless, the term seems as muddled as ever.As Redmond Magazine’s Don Jones pleads argues in an article (wonderfully titled “Please Stop Saying ‘Cloud’”) this morning, the term has long ago lost its way.I blame the IT marketing sub-industry for this. Let’s start by agreeing to never use the term “cloud” again. They co-opted that term from the telecommunications industry anyway […] What folks routinely refer to as the “cloud” in the IT industry is actually something very different. It’s a huge variety of services and approaches, all of which offer to let you outsource some portion of your IT capabilities – things you might normally handle yourself, in your own datacenter. This is hardly a new concept: I’ve had a “cloud e-mail” address (it ends in yahoo.com) for close to a decade, now. I’ve been using “cloud computing” (a Web hosting service) for just as long.We took a moment to ask around on Twitter for folks to define “cloud” in 140 characters or less and this is what we got. Some, of course, are tongue in cheek, but that still reflect the state of “cloud” in the public mind. Related Posts Then again, this is nothing new, right? Take a look at this wondrous graphic from way back in 2009, as pointed out by @the_spinmd: Tags:#Analysis#cloud Top Reasons to Go With Managed WordPress Hosting So, we have a handful here – what about you? What does “cloud” mean to you? We only have a couple million to go. mike melanson Why Tech Companies Need Simpler Terms of Servic… A Web Developer’s New Best Friend is the AI Wai… 8 Best WordPress Hosting Solutions on the Market read more
Don’t Get Cute
Today I received a little box from a company who wants my attention. Inside the box was a small toy, and a link to a website, and nothing else. The sender wants my attention, and the offer is a serious offer, even though I didn’t watch more than a few seconds of the personal video on the site. I am the wrong audience, but the sender didn’t know that.He could have called me and I would have told him who to contact.Minutes later I received a LinkedIn InMail. The person sending that email was also trying to get my attention. She offered me a chance to play Truth or Dare, the dare being me giving her two times to speak with her about her services.I appreciate the creativity, and I like the playfulness, but not enough to talk to her about her service, especially since I don’t need it.Last week, a salesperson sent me a list of reasons that I might have not responded to their email. On choice suggested that I did not reply back because I had been eaten by alligators.The idea is that by being cute, the salesperson will get attention. They hope by being clever, they can gain an appointment. Different is good, and it can work, but different in a way that makes a difference is better. What is missing is the insight that would make a business person sit up and take notice. What the approach lacks is some compelling reason for me to take a meeting, and busy people don’t like to give up their time without getting something in return. This pitch is for receptive people, who are easier targets for this kind of messaging.The problem with being cute is that the attention you get may not be the impression you are trying to make. If you are trying to be consultative, and if you are aiming to be a person with deep insight, then starting by being cute may not serve those ends. That said, if your real personality is engaging and entertaining, then go with that (but I have seen the alligator thing 11 times, which means it isn’t even your material).A couple of the people who have sent me emails like this work in lead generation and appointment setting. They mean well, and their intentions are good, and I am certain that there are some markets where this approach yields results, but for many companies who call on people with the charge of making change, this approach feels too clever by half. Essential Reading! Get my 2nd book: The Lost Art of Closing “In The Lost Art of Closing, Anthony proves that the final commitment can actually be one of the easiest parts of the sales process—if you’ve set it up properly with other commitments that have to happen long before the close. The key is to lead customers through a series of necessary steps designed to prevent a purchase stall.” Buy Now read more
Why You Are Overconfident in Your Forecast and What To Do About It
It is easy to believe that you are going to win the big deal you are pursuing. There is evidence available to you that supports this belief. For example, the contacts with whom you have met all agree that your solution is very good and that it is what they need. They’ve also been complementary, telling you that they’re impressed with what they’ve seen and heard so far. More still, they continue to ask you for more information.You know they have seen other potential partners, your competitors, but you are doubtful any of your competitors propose a threat when things are going so well. This deal looks like opportunities you’ve won in the past, and things are lining up nicely. You have no cause for concern, and your confidence is exceedingly high.Then, without warning, you discover you lost to a competitor.Evidence of the Non-ExistentThe lack of evidence of a competitive threat does not prove that there isn’t one. We tend to mistake something unknown for evidence of it not existing.It is important to know which contacts support change and who opposes any change. The fact that you don’t know who opposes the change you are recommending doesn’t mean they don’t exist. Nor does it mean they aren’t working to slow things down or stop them altogether.Equally important, you need to know who prefers you and who might support your competitor. The fact that you’ve built a coalition of stakeholders that believe that you and your solution are exactly right is not evidence that there is not another faction supporting your competitor. For every action, there tends to be an equal and opposite reaction, and this rule seems to be true inside groups.Support from someone with a title that suggests they are “the decision-maker” is helpful—and necessary—to winning a deal. It’s something you should seek if you want to win big deals. But the support of a key stakeholder is not evidence that the key “influencers” are going to get what they want and need, regardless of whether the “decision-maker” likes you the most. Influence is invisible, even though it often provides clues of its existence for those brave enough to look for them.A Hedge Against OverconfidenceThe reason we tend towards overconfidence in deals is because we see positive evidence without seeing evidence to the contrary. Because something is opaque doesn’t mean it is nonexistent, nor does it indicate that is a non-factor.Overconfidence, in many cases, is inversely proportional to win rates. As a hedge against your overconfidence, spend as much time looking for the ways you will lose a deal as you do talking about why you are going to win. Essential Reading! Get my first book: The Only Sale Guide You’ll Ever Need “The USA Today bestseller by the star sales speaker and author of The Sales Blog that reveals how all salespeople can attain huge sales success through strategies backed by extensive research and experience.” Buy Now read more
Shelly shines in Zurich
Chelsea thrash Man City 5-1 in FA Cup
Bromfield a special talent
WI Women hoping to break semi-final jinx
Powell spreads love to KPH
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At the 2016 Consumer Electronics Show, Razer released the Nabu Watch, a dual-screen smartwatch: integrates an always-on illuminated backlit display, that takes care of some pretty standard features as date and time, and a second OLED screen, which is activated by raising your wrist, allows access to extra smart features.[80] Luxury watchmaker TAG Heuer released TAG Heuer Connected, a smartwatch powered by Android Wear.[81]
The SmartWatch 2 is a streamlined version of Sony's first smartwatch (which went on sale in 2013) with a number of new features. The SmartWatch 2 has a thin bezel; it's almost all screen, which gives it a modern, sleek look. You choose from one of two strap designs, black plastic or black stainless steel, or you can swap those out for a leather strap in one of seven colors ($20 each). We tested the model with the plastic strap, which is light and flexible and can fit close to your wrist.
To charge the watch, you have to clip on the charger and align it with contacts that you can't see when you're clipping. Why make it so complicated? There's no NFC for easy pairing, and you have to find the smartwatch app in the app market, download it, and install it on your mobile device. The Frame's display readability in bright sunlight was judged to be only good. It's relatively heavy, at 2.7 ounces (only the Toq is heavier).
Get connected and stay up-to-speed with Misfit smartwatches, a family of complex timepieces that have been designed to help you live, work and play a little smarter. If you're looking for a smartwatch that can do far more than just tell you the time, consider a timepiece crafted from premium materials that showcase both its strength and its style. With a variety of customization options, you can personalize any Misfit smart watch to suit your unique personality, and then configure it to stay in-sync with your day-to-day activities.
1.2" (30.4mm) Diameter Display Size/ 15 Preloaded GPS And Indoor Sports Apps/ VO2 Max And Fitness Age Estimates/ Smart Notifications, Automatic Uploads To Garmin Connect, LiveTrack And More/ Up To 7 Days In SmartWatch Mode; 13 Hours In GPS Mode Battery Life/ Corning Gorilla Glass 3 Lens Material/ Stainless Steel Bezel Material/ Fiber-Reinforced Polymer And Stainless Steel Case Material/ Silicone Strap/ Touchscreen/ Swim/5 ATM/ Black with Slate Hardware Finish
It doesn't get better than the Apple Watch Series 4. The new slimmer body and bigger screen make it sleeker and more stylish than ever before. The unique modern design works for both men and women. The smartwatch comes in 40mm and 44mm styles to fit wrists big and small. You can buy it in several finishes to match your style and there are dozens of Apple-made and third-party watch bands to make the Watch your own.
When it comes to smartwatches, one size most definitely does not fit all. The best option for you depends on a number of factors, including the smartphone you use; whether you want strong activity-tracking features; your budget; and your aesthetic tastes. For example, many people prefer a smartwatch with a round display because it looks more like a standard wristwatch than a piece of tech. You'll want to take all these factors into consideration when you begin the search for the best smartwatch for you. So whether you’re looking for something appropriate for dinner parties or back-country trails, high-end, budget or something in between, we’ve tracked down the best smartwatches on the market this year.
Michael Kors Access Runway Smartwatch Fossil Q Explorist HR Fossil Q Venture HR Ticwatch Pro Emporio Armani Connected Touchscreen Smartwatch Marc Jacobs Riley Touchscreen Smartwatch Skagen Falster TAG Heuer Connected Modular 41 Kate Spade New York Scallop Touchscreen Smartwatch Fossil Q Control Tommy Hilfiger TH24/7YOU Hugo BOSS Touch Guess Connect Gc Connect Misfit Vapor Movado Connect Michael Kors Access Sofie Michael Kors Access Grayson Fossil Q Explorist Fossil Q Venture Emporio Armani Connected Diesel On Ticwatch S & E Louis Vuitton Tambour Horizon Montblanc Summit Huawei Watch 2 Huawei Watch 2 Classic TAG Heuer Connected Modular 45 Casio PRO TREK Smart WSD-F20 LG Watch Sport LG Watch Style Polar M600 The Mission, Nixon
In 2013, the claim to first ever smartwatch to capture the full capability of a smartphone was laid by startup Omate with the TrueSmart. The TrueSmart originated from a Kickstarter campaign which raised over 1 million dollars, making it the 5th most successful Kickstarter to date. The TrueSmart made its public debut in early 2014.[57] Consumer device analyst Avi Greengart, from research firm Current Analysis, suggested that 2013 may be the "year of the smartwatch", as "the components have gotten small enough and cheap enough" and many consumers own smartphones that are compatible with a wearable device. Wearable technology, such as Google Glass, may evolve into a business worth US$6 billion annually and a July 2013 media report, revealed that the majority of major consumer electronics manufacturers were undertaking work on a smartwatch device at the time of publication. The retail price of a smartwatch could be over US$300, plus data charges, while the minimum cost of smartphone-linked devices may be US$100.[58][59]
The LG G Watch, Samsung Gear Live, and Motorola Moto 360—the Android Wear models—have intuitive color touchscreen interfaces and were judged easiest to interact with. The Martian Notifier, Cookoo 2, and MetaWatch M1, which have push-button navigation, were determined to be the most difficult to use. In particular, the Cookoo 2's buttons were very hard to press.
That’s the big downside of relying on your phone as a tracker, unless it is somewhere on your body, whenever you are moving about or exercising, all that effort won’t be counted. For some people - say joggers who wear their smartphone on an arm band, that’s not a big issue, but you really aren’t getting the full picture of your activity, including the things you do in your sleep, without having a gadget mounted on your wrist.
Out of a vast field of similar watches, we picked the Q Explorist and Q Venture because of their middle-of-the-road prices, wide availability, and variety of styles. These two models are flagships for the Fossil Group’s collection of 14 style brands producing more than 300 planned smartwatches. This means that if you find a smartwatch from Diesel, Skagen, Tag Heuer, Kate Spade, Movado, or another Fossil-connected brand that fits your style better, you should feel free to buy it, because it will have roughly the same internal hardware as our picks.
The Sport’s built-in fitness features do a decent job of motivating you to move more, tracking a Fitbit-like set of metrics: Stairs climbed, steps taken, and minutes active. It reminds you to get up every hour or so and suggests stretches and movements you can do at your desk if you’re stuck there. While the Sport can track your movement and exercise, and start doing so automatically, it is not accurate enough for dedicated runners or cyclists (who should get a GPS running watch instead): Influential fitness gear tester Ray Maker (aka DC Rainmaker) clocked “the worst GPS track accuracy I’ve ever seen on a run” wearing the Gear Sport. We didn’t see quite the same entirely-different-street discrepancies in biking tests, but the Sport is nevertheless not a competitive training tool, providing only a rough guide to distance and speed.
The hardware is now “swimproof” with improved water resistance and there’s also now a heart rate sensor. Those work with the new Google Fit app to improve the fitness experience from your watch. Further, the Falster 2 has built-in GPS and NFC as well. This opens up Google Pay functionality for the watch for mobile payments in-store. Of course, Wear OS is still at the center of the experience, and the whole thing runs on the Qualcomm Snapdragon Wear 2100.
Dealing with notifications on a Wear OS watch has gotten better as the phone version of Android has improved its already impressive notification system and as phone app developers have taken advantage of new interactions. Many apps now send notifications with action options: For example, you can check a to-do as done, approve a payment, respond to a message, or, most often, just acknowledge something. The Q Explorist and Venture are no different than most Wear OS watches in relaying notifications, but in our testing they rarely showed lag in processing them, nor was either watch’s screen unresponsive to swiping or tapping options. Each watch’s vibration motor provides just enough buzz and movement to avoid missing things while not feeling like electric collar training for humans.
On-Screen Workouts/ Connected GPS/ Bluetooth/ Smartphone Notifications/ 4 Day Battery Life/ Heart Rate Tracking/ 15 Exercise Modes/ SmartTrack/ All-Day Activity/ Female Health/ Sleep Tracking And Stages/ Cardio Fitness Level/ 3-Axis Accelerometer And Gyroscope/ Optical Heart Rate Monitor/ Color LCD Touchscreen Display/ Water Resistant To 50 Meters/ Peach And Rose Gold Aluminum Finish
In June 2000, IBM displayed a prototype for a wristwatch that ran Linux. The original version had only 6 hours of battery life, which was later extended to 12.[20] It featured 8 MB of memory and ran Linux 2.2.[21] The device was later upgraded with an accelerometer, vibrating mechanism, and fingerprint sensor. IBM began to collaborate with Citizen Watch Co. to create the "WatchPad". The WatchPad 1.5 features a 320 × 240 QVGA monochrome touch sensitive display and runs Linux 2.4.[22][23] It also features calendar software, Bluetooth, 8 MB of RAM and 16 MB of flash memory.[24][25] Citizen was hoping to market the watch to students and businessmen, with a retail price of around $399.[25] Epson Seiko introduced their Chrono-bit wristwatch in September 2000. The Chrono-bit watches feature a rotating bezel for data input, synchronize PIM data via a serial cable, and can load custom watch faces.[26]
The original android smartwatch models were bulky and uncomfortable, but technological advances have led to stunning designs including the Samsung smart watch and apple smart watch. Our incredible selection of android smart watch devices is packed with the latest smartwatch android OS systems for maximum performance. Together with clear displays (with customization options), they also deliver maximum comfort with premium quality straps (including leather) for all-day use, Bluetooth functionality to connect to your smartphone for notifications, and dedicated apps for precise control. Enjoy a smart watch android experience with the freedom to do more and achieve so much more with your time.
They include a heart rate monitor, pedometer and altimeter to track steps taken and stairs climbed and often a GPS chip to record your distance covered. They will sync with your smartphone to give you a suite of tools to monitor your exercise progress. Many of them will offer notifications of incoming phone calls, text and email alerts as well. But they are designed with fitness tracking in mind. If you are happy using your smartphone for your day to day messaging, calendar, apps and music, a fitness tracker will suffice.
But your phone will play an important part if you do get a Fitbit or Garmin device with the aim of tracking your activity. It will be the place where your health data is synced to, you can tinker with your tracking settings and review your progress. There’s also a whole ecosystem of health apps that plug into tracking devices, combining them with exercise and diet advice - MyFitnessPal, Runtastic and Strava are three of the most popular ones worth checking out.
The RC-1000 Wrist Terminal was the first Seiko model to interface with a computer, and was released in 1984.[10] It was developed by Seiko Epson and was powered by a computer on a chip.[12] It was compatible with most of the popular PCs of that time, including Apple II, II+ and IIe, the Commodore 64, IBM PC, NEC 8201, Tandy Color Computer, Model 1000, 1200, 2000 and TRS-80 Model I, III, 4 and 4p. The RC-20 Wrist Computer was released in 1985, under the joint brand name "Seiko Epson".[13][14] It had a SMC84C00 8-bit Z-80 microprocessor; 8 KB of ROM and 2 KB of RAM. It had applications for scheduling, memos, and world time and a four-function calculator app. The dot-matrix LCD displayed 42×32 pixels, and more importantly, was touch-sensitive. Like the RC-1000, it could be connected to a personal computer, in this case through a proprietary cable. It was also notable in that it could be programmed, although its small display and limited storage severely limited application development.[10] The RC-4000 PC Data graph also released in 1985, was dubbed the "world's smallest computer terminal".[10] It had 2 KB of storage. The RC-4500 (1985), also known as the Wrist Mac, had the same features as the RC-4000, but came in a variety of bright, flashy colors.
Software may include digital maps, schedulers and personal organizers, calculators, and various kinds of watch faces. The watch may communicate with external devices such as sensors, wireless headsets, or a heads-up display. Like other computers, a smartwatch may collect information from internal or external sensors and it may control, or retrieve data from, other instruments or computers. It may support wireless technologies like Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and GPS. For many purposes, a "watch computer" serves as a front end for a remote system such as a smartphone, communicating with the smartphone using various wireless technologies. Smartwatches are advancing, especially their design, battery capacity, and health-related applications.[5]
The MetaWatch M1, like the Cookoo 2 and Martian Notifier, is a basic smartwatch. It shows alerts for texts, e-mails, social media updates, calendar appointments, weather, and Caller ID, and can control your phone's music app. The notifications are configurable in terms of what you are alerted to and how: whether via a vibration or on the watch’s display. Also built in are a timer, a stopwatch, and an alarm
We test every new smartwatch to gauge its design and comfort. If it’s not stylish and comfortable enough to get you from an early morning workout to the office to a night out, you probably won’t wear it every day. Most smartwatches are also fitness trackers, so we put all of its sensors to the test, from step counts to heart rate to GPS (when applicable).
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Fixing the food chain
Act 4 CAP
#GoodFoodGoodFarming: thousands mobilise for a better food system
The second edition of the #GoodFoodGoodFarming days of action took place in October with around 100 actions in 23 countries across Europe.
Denmark, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Spain, Czech Republic
MEPs vote to limit biofuels but fall short of ending food for fuel
The European Parliament's environment committee voted today on legislation to limit the quantities of 'food based' biofuels in renewable energy transport targets for Europe.
MEPs voted with a 60% majority to:
Biofuels force reduced food production – new analysis
Growing crops for biofuels would lead to less food being produced, forcing more people into hunger, finds a new analysis commissioned by Friends of the Earth Europe and released today. [1] The revelation comes as the environment committee of the European Parliament faces a crucial vote on biofuels on Thursday (July 11).
CAP reform: failure for environment and small farmers
The EU's new agriculture policy is a disaster for the environment, small farmers and developing countries, according to Friends of the Earth Europe. The criticism comes at the end of lengthy negotiations over the rules and support for European farmers until 2020.
European investments assist land-grabs in Liberia
European banks, pension funds and private equity funds have given financial assistance worth more than €450 million to Malaysian palm oil giant Sime Darby, responsible for environmental degradation and violations of national regulations in Liberia, according to new research from Friends of the Earth Europe [1].
Europe must fix failed biofuel policy demand 100 organisations
As European parliamentarians vote in committees this week on the future of biofuels in Europe, 113 civil society organisations and coalitions, together representing millions of people, expressed their concerns about the environmental, economic and social impacts of European biofuel policy.
Austria, Cyprus, Denmark, England, Wales and Northern Ireland, Germany, Luxembourg, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
'Jungle-free' cheese anyone?
Friends of the Earth Netherlands took over 11,000 orders from across the Netherlands for the first production run of their new ‘Kleine Hoefprint’ (Small hoof-print) cheese – demonstrating a real demand for high quality cheese with low environmental impact.
French banks financing land grabs
Between 2009 and 2012, French banks granted more than 4 billion euro in loans to European producers of agrofuels, and have issued these companies stocks and bonds for a total amount of more than 3 billion euro according to new research from Friends of the Earth France and Oxfam France. The groups called on French banks to stop financing agrofuel producers – who threaten global food security and are fuelling land grabs, especially in Liberia.
MEPs keep alive greener farming
Members of the European Parliament today voted to continue the process of ‘greening’ European agriculture.
However the changes don’t go far enough, says Friends of the Earth Europe which is calling for much stronger measures to protect the environment and the majority of small farmers.
The vote on the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) comes on a wave of growing public opposition to industrial farming and its increasingly harmful impacts on the countryside and consumers.
Tell MEPs you want people and planet-friendly farming
Nex week (March 13) the European Parliament will vote on reforms to the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), and there's still time for you to take action and ask for greener farming.
Inaction as biofuels continue to grab land and pollute
Reforms to Europe's rules on biofuels were top of the agenda at a meeting of EU energy ministers in Brussels today.
It was the first time ministers commented on proposals to limit the quantities of crop-based biofuels that can count towards EU renewable energy targets. [1] The policy was proposed by the European Commission last year as a means to address so-called 'indirect land use change' (ILUC) where agriculture has to expand to accommodate biofuels demand. [2]
All news for this issue
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Denzel kills it in ‘The Equalizer 2’
Mark Kennedy| Associated Press
A version of this article appeared in the print edition of The Daily Star on August 21, 2018, on page 16.
Robert McCall
Edward Woodward
Richard Wenk
You won't usually find Denzel Washington in a movie sequel.
Fans of the first film will know why Washington is drawn to the character of Robert McCall – a quiet, middle-aged former special-ops agent who fiercely believes in justice, likes to help others and dispenses the occasional lethal killing for those deserving.
"The Equalizer 2" reconnects many of the people behind the 2014 debut alongside the always-vital Washington – Antoine Fuqua returns to direct, as does writer Richard Wenk, and actors Bill Pullman and Melissa Leo.
In the films, Washington plays McCall as a tad obsessive-compulsive, but not consistently.
The second film takes place sometime later, with McCall now a Lyft driver, selectively helping people he encounters.
Few people could pull off this cheesy sainthood like Washington, oozing charisma and self-assured masculinity.
The film thus strays far from its roots as a vehicle for McCall to be the avenging angel for a needy stranger.
Wenk also has written some juicy dialogue for Washington, including a monologue about individual responsibility he delivers to the young artist in a project stairwell that the actor bites into with obvious relish.
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Help Yemen avoid a sea of chaos, disorder
Barak Barfi| The Daily Star
A version of this article appeared in the print edition of The Daily Star on February 25, 2015, on page 7.
Shiism
Ruhollah Khomeini
Exposed to a regional proxy war between Iran and Saudi Arabia, plagued by an entrenched Al-Qaeda affiliate, and divided by tribal disputes and a secession movement, the country has become a poster child for everything that can go wrong in the Arab world.
To ensure that the recent overthrow of its government by the Shiite Houthi rebel movement does not deal Yemen the lethal blow that it has avoided so far, the international community must not abandon the country in what may be its hour of greatest need.
From 2004 to 2010, the group fought six wars against the Yemeni government and even skirmished with Saudi Arabia.
The region was once a stronghold of Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula, an affiliate of the global terrorist organization.
Unless its international allies throw it a lifeline, it risks being swallowed by a sea of disorder that could imperil the entire region.
More from Barak Barfi
Northern Syria: A Turkish war of America’s making
Trump’s Middle East supporters
Gadhafi was a dictator, but his legacy merits consideration
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Killpower
November 29, 2011 by support
Practitioners 43: Dan Abnett
Born in England (12th October 1965), Dan Abnett is a comic book writer, novelist and full time fantasist absorbed in the world of fantasy, space and superheroes. He has directed enormous future armies into cataclysmic battles, led mighty metal robots to clang together to save the universe, assassinated space empresses and sent heroes into space in wheelchairs. He is a frequent collaborator with fellow writer Andy Lanning, and is known for his work on books for both Marvel Comics, and their UK imprint, Marvel Uk, since the 1990s, including 2000AD. He has also contributed to DC Comics titles, and his Warhammer Fantasy and Warhammer 40,000 novels and graphic novels for Game Workshop’s Black Library now run to several dozen titles and have sold over 1,150,000 copies as of May 2008. In 2009 he released his first original fiction novels through Angry Robot books.
While Abnett cannot claim to have kick started a character on the same scale as Judge Dredd, the ABC Warriors or Slaine in his tenure at 2000AD, he did create one of the book’s better known and longest running strips of the last decade, Sinister Dexter, following the exploits of gun sharks (hitmen) Finnigan ‘Finny’ Sinister and Ramone ‘Ray’ Dexter in the state city of Downlode, sprawled across central Europe ‘ like a hit and run victim’. Sinister Dexter is a universe apart from that of Strontium Dog and Dredd, and style supplants horror, with neat and precise detailing throughout to give it an alternative edge that readers found addictive. With more than 135 stories alone to his name, most stretching to more than one issue, Abnett is one of the most prolific of all 2000AD writers, making his lack of success at generating a genuine globe trotting legend like Slaine or Dredd more down to bad luck than anything else.
Most likely in fact it’s lack of intent intent. Abnett’s style is pretty light, humorous and wry. His stories bound along and drag you with them. First and foremost is character, planted firmly at the heart of whatever dying star/ hive of alien warriors / dangerous street he can find. In Abnett’s universe character is secondary to event at times but only momentarily. Then, the characters bounce resolutely back into the frey and mash it up (for want of a better word). Abnett is addicted to failures. The almost-guy. Slaine and Dredd, much like Superman, Batman et al are a stall of successes. You put a criminal in his way, Dredd crushes dissent and puts them away. Slaine warp spasms, charms, wangles or shags his way out of every scenario. One of Abnett’s character steps into the frey he might as well be ready to lose an arm. Abnett’s characters are desperately, hilariously and touchingly out of their depth. This makes readers even more attached to the characters as they survive all that Abnett (and Lanning – to be featured in the following article) throw at them. Major characters are put to the sword, or in the case of perrenial space empress and Mutant headteacher beau du jour circa 1995, Empress Nerimani of the Shi’ar, who has wandered in and out of Marvel’s most prominent titles for decades, unceremoniously blown away by a sniper as part of a Darkhawk conspiracy. This, to anyone unfamiliar with the situation – is lunacy. Brilliant lunacy. You can almost see the grins on their faces as they decided it.
This was to move a nobody character, effectively unheard of since the ’90s into the foreground of an empire churning, galaxy battering epic in the guise of Marvel’s War of King’s series two years ago, in which stable, mainstay characters were supplanted, abused, annihalated, twisted and entire empires changed status. The scale of the effect on accepted rules of the wider Marvel Universe was mad, but Abnett and Lanning play with the planets and principle characters involved like so many ping pong balls. This, you suspect, was learned in the furnaces of the creative pool of 2000AD and the more blood thirsty Marvel UK. But more likely, they are just crazy bastards.
As well as a neat absurdist streak and a whithering habit of throwing humour at serious plot points (hard not to when your head tactician is a talking Raccoon but more on that later). He didn’t stop there. As well as generating Black Light, Badlands, Atavar (with Richard Elson, about the last Human alive trapped between warring alien races), Downlode Tales (an extension of the Sinister Dexter universe), Sancho Panzer (with Henry Flint, featuring the eponymous character piloting a giant tank, excellently monickered Mojo, with his brilliantly named technician, Tool), Roadkill and Wardog, Abnett scribed Judge Dredd, Durham Red and Rogue Trooper.
With Marvel UK, Abnett had runs on Death’s Head 2, The crossover Battletide, Knight’s of Pendragon (all of which he co-created) as well as The Punisher, War Machine, Nova and various X-Men titles. Over at DC he reinvented Legion of Superheroes as the Mini-series Legion Lost which was later launched as the ongoing series The Legion. As was typical of his most recent work, most of Abnett’s work was written with Andy Lanning. From this they derived their moniker DnA. For Dark Horse comic Abnett was responsible for Planet of the Apes: Blood Lines as well as knocking out Lords of Misrule and Hypersonic. Many UK readers will know his work however primarily on the 40,000 Warhammer series, including the Gaunt’s Ghost, Eisenhorn and Ravenor trilogies, and more recently as part of the Horus Heresy, the SF best-selling Horus Rising, Legion and Prospero Burns. Frankly, these titles are unfamiliar to us here at the Bunker however clearly Abnett has brought his strong character and situation writing to bear on the battlefields of 40K, no doubt, injecting personalities that prove engaging in ferocious battle. He’s dabbled in comic books for 4ok’s black library imprint; producing Damnation Crusade, Lone Wolf, Inquisitor Ascendent and Titan. Again no doubt with the same results, given the number of titles.
Put this together with writing two Doctor Who audio dramas – the Harvest and Nocturne – as well as Torchwood: Everyone says hello for BBC Audio as well as two novels based on the respective series: The Story of Martha and Torchwood: Border Princes, and it’s clear that Abnett is a significant bedrock in British Science Fiction. With this grounding in space and time hopping adventurers it’s perhaps unsurprising that Abnett (and Lanning) have found such a secure home in Marvel’s cosmic titles.
But prior to that they developed the sharp edge of DC’s Wildstorm Imprint, The Authority, spawning storylines in which Earth is attacked by God himself back to feed on what was a primordial soup and understandably narked at discovering a Human populated, verdant planet where he left his pantry. It’s not til you see an interdimensional, sentient supership entering God’s pores and detonating its brain with the power of the previous century that you understand the lunacy of Abnett and Lanning. Magnificent space operas be damned, God assassinations by chain smoking blondes is the remit here. In many ways that is Abnett and Lanning’s genius. Lighter than Millar’s follow up too as perhaps would be expected.
At the heart of incredibly massive events, the collapse of star spanning empires or the decimation of a city block there is the average, the easily recognisable. The character’s written by them carry the easily recognisable traits of normal people. No matter what you throw at these characters, they remain people first and superheroes second. After joining Guardians of the Galaxy, as part of Marvel’s Cosmic Imprint Jack Flag can’t stand ‘space stuff’ even as he fights tentacled beasts from the far side of an interdimensional fracture or trying to survive a Negative Zone prison breakout in a wheelchair. Jack Flag is another fringe character unrecognisable outside of Captain America comics until he was crippled by the Thunderbolts under Osborne. He came out of nowhere, went downhill and sent to a prison in a backlot of the Marvel Universe and instantly became irresistable to Abnett and Lanning (I’m not calling them DnA – I’m just not).
It’s Guardians that represents the hybrid brain of Abnett and Lanning. Led by the permanently down trodden Star-lord and a Raccoon, Guardians of the Galaxy represents exceptional gung-ho space adventure and dead pan tongue in cheek humour at it’s own expense. Most of the characters are as unhappy to be there as you’d expect to be if you were faced by an interstellar absolutist faith that feeds on the beliefs of others and kills anyone who steps in their way. The members of the team are an eclectic batch (when alive); including a psychic titan lesbian, a master assassin, a talking tree king and a man from 1000 years in the future witha Captain America shield. These characters should struggle to blend but at the hands of Abnett and Lanning the many parts become a much more satisfying hole. Not a mispelling.
Abnett is a veteran chef of plot line and character, always incorporating the right blend to create satisfying and engaging storylines. A man of specific interests, he is most at home (with Andy Lanning) dealing with situations of bewildering scale and yet manages to draw you in to the minutae of characters caught in these events. A master of scale and plotting, Abnett can handle a charge on an alien world or two characters grabbing a drink (provided it descends into a bar room brawl inspired by an quadreped alien with telescopic glasses on. As 9 Billion lives are threatened and an imprisoned Moondragon (character), pregnant with a spore from a cancerous universe where life won allowing disease to thrive is about to give birth amongst a militant fundamentalist cosmic church, Star Lord jumps out and shouts ‘ Hi, I’m Starlord! I’d wave but my hands are full of guns.’ Don’t know if that was Lanning, don’t know if that was Abnett but Abnett was in the room and that is good enough for me.
Regarding the talking Raccoon – you’ll have to wait ’til we do Lanning. I got worried I wasn’t going to leave anything for his article next week….
August 4, 2011 by support
Practitioners 37: Peter David (Part 2)
Peter David is an American writer of comic books, novels, TV, Movies and Video Games. In part One we looked at how Peter David came to arrive in comic books, in Part Two we arrive at how he changed the fcae of comic histories most prominent characters.
Peter David made his name on - and a legend of The Incredible Hulk with 12 Years as writer
Having been given an unpopular and derided title like the Hulk David discovered that he had greater creative control so far away from the central, more popular titles. This enabled him to investigate and test out his storytelling with impressive results. Within his first 12 month run on Hulk, David had reintroduced his estranged wife, destroyed the Hulkbuster base, sending several characters turn-coat and on the road with Bruce Banner (trying to contain his other persona), introduced X-Men – for a rematch with Wolverine, and X-Factor (who he would write for in the mid-nineties), effectively kill Hulk and have him return as the more cerebral Joe-Fixit, a figure in contention with the less intelligent Green persona. David concentrated on the recurring theme of the Hulk/ Bruce Banner’s multiple personality disorder, his periodic changes between the more rageful and less intelligent Green Hulk and the more streetwise, cereral Grey Hulk, and of being a journeyman hero, whicxh were inspired by Incredible Hulk 312 (October 1985) in which writer Bill Mantlo (and according to David himself Barry Windsor-Smith)had first established that Bruce Banner had suffered childhood abuse at the hands of his father. These aspects of the character would later be used in the slightly misaligned but well-intentioned 2003 film adaptation written by Michael France and directed by Ang Lee. In his 12-year run as writer of Incredible Hulk, in which he worked with luminaries and upcoming talents as Todd McFarlane (there when he got there) Gary Frank, Liam Sharp and Adam Kubert he developed the character further, revealing a third, and potentially less engaging Hulk. Banner and the Hulk merge in a more balanced character, retaining the intelligent characteristics of Bruce Banner and the strength and power of the Hulk. The effect was impressive. The now intelligent Hulk found a new relationship with his former wife Betty Ross and along with friends Rick and Margot found himself in control of a secret cabal of immortal heroes known as the Pantheon. David gave Hulk everything he wanted, access to his intelligent mind, strength and access to a private jet and technology bordering on magic. This is where David excels. He puts no limitations on the potential for change in his characters in order to explore possibilities in the story and is fearless in progressing the story at a break neck pace. He also listens to his artists, asking the newly signed Liam Sharp, fresh from success in the UK and US with Marvel Uk’s Death’s Head 2, what character he would like to draw. Gary Frank’s first comic book project with Marvel Uk was drawn upon as well, as the Marvel UK characters Motormouth and Killpower arrived in the pages of Hulk. Using the newly empowered Hulk as a platform to deal with difficult issues such as AIDs, false political imprisonment and homophobia. Not forgetting who was reading the book however, he soon brought the furious, sub-intelligent Hulk back to the pages of Hulk, leaving him lost and alone in the Everglades, effectively restarting the story of the only journeyman struggling with his own demons. Not to say he didn’t throw in Swamp-Thing and Speedfreak for good measure.
And was after he had been freelancing for a year, and into his run on Hulk, that David felt his career as a writer had been cemented and he began to make approaches to DC, being offered a four issue mini-series of The Phantom by Mike Gold. Finally – and astonishingly given that he had been employed on a Marvel title for a year, David only then left his sales position to become a full time writer.
Dreadstar (DC Comics)
David took on Dreadstar during its First Comics run, with issue 41 after Jim Starlin left the title, and remained on it until issue 64 (March 1991), the final issue. David’s other Marvel Comics work in the late 1980s and early 1990s includes runs on Wolverine, the New Universe series Merc and Justice, an excellent run on the original X-Factor, including issue 92 (with Joe Quesada), as part of the Fathers and Sons crossover which incorporated X-Men 25.
Peter David launched the future universe of Marvel with Spider-man 2099, a beautifully realised, dystopian tale of Miguel O’Hara, a futurist scientist who develops powers comparable to a spider in the corporate-run streets of a monolithic New York. Intelligent, witty and deliberately referential of the original without touching directly on its predecessor thematically or literally, Spider-man 2099 helped launch the entire 2099 Universe which lasted for the better part of a decade and took in almost every character in the Marvel Universe and redeveloped them. David set the tone for it all.
At DC Comics in 1990, David wrote an Aquaman miniseries, The Atlantis Chronicles, detailing the history of Aquaman’s home city Atlantis. This has since been cited by David as one of the works he is most proud. His following Aquaman mini-series Aquaman: Time and Tide and the subsequent run of 46 issues on the ongoing series gained notoriety as Aquaman lost a hand early in the series, which was later replaced with a harpoon, a feature of the character that lasted David’s full tenure on the book. He also wrote DC’s Star Trek comic books (though openly opined that Star Trek is better served in novel form as they’re not particularly visual), as well as Supergirl and Young Justice, the latter cancelld in order to transfer the assembled characters to the newly reformed Teen Titans monthly.
David’s work for Dark Horse comics has included the Spy Teen Adventure, SpyBoy, which appeared between 1999 and 2004 and a 2007 mini-series. Other independent work includes Soulsearchers and Company, which is published by Claypool Comics and the Epic Comic’s Sachs and Violens, which he produced personally with co-creator George Perez.
David returned to Marvel with Heroes Reborn: The Return for Marvel, in which the Marvel Universe’s lost characters that had disappeared in an event a year before returned to the Marvel Universe as well as a run on a new series of Captain Marvel, which was critically acclaimed.
David and his Second wife, Kathleen. wrote the final English-language text for the first four volumes of the manga series Negima for Del Ray Manga. In 2003, David began writing a new creator owned title , Fallen Angels, for DC Comics, using material left from development of the now-defunct Supergirl title as well as writinga Teenage Mutant Nija Turtles Mini-series for Dreamwave that tied into the animated television series broadcast that year. After Dc cancelled Fallen Angels, David relaunched at IDW the same year. He went on to produce Spike: Old Times one-shot and Spike Vs Dracula mini-series, based on the character from Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Angel Tv series.
X-Factor 92 (Peter David, Joe Quesada, Marvel Comics)
In 2005, David briefly returned to the Incredible Hulk but only lasted for 11 Issues due to work pressures. He also developed a new title Friendly Neighbourhood Spider-man, beginning witha 12-part ‘The Other’ storyline in which Spider-man discovers he is dying, lost a fight during a traumatic fight with Morlun, underwent a metamorphosis and developed new powers and greater understanding of his abilities. Yet again whenever experimental alterations are made to popular characters, this proved controversial with readers, who were bemused perhaps by the extended stingers coming out of Spider-man’s arms and the association of a Spider totem from which his powers were derived. David’s run ended with issue 23.
Following on from David’s original and successful run on X-factor in the early 90s, he wrote a successful MadroX (Multiple Man) title for Marvel the same year which led to the reintroduction of the X-Factor title, using characters from David’s original tenure Multiple Man, Strong Guy, Wolfsbane) working as private investigators in a detective agency of the titular name. David’s work on the title proved popular with Ain’t It Cool News and David found that the new Opt in/ opt out policy on Crossovers and greater forward planning on titles made his second tenure much easier. However, his decision to create a homosexual storyline between established characters, Shatterstar and Rictor (a confirmation of clues that had been established in X-Force years earlier) drew criticism from Shatterstar’s Co-creator Rob Liefield, though Editor-in-Chief and former creative partner on David’s original run on X-Factor supported the story. The title eventually won a 2011 GLAAD Media Award for outstanding comic book for his work on the title.
Peter David announced in 2005 that he had signed an exclusive contract with Marvel, his independent works Spike, Fallen Angel and Soulsearchers and Company ‘grandfathered’ into the agreement. David wrote the dialogue for The Dark Tower: A Gunslinger Born, a comic book spin-off from Stephen King’s Dark Tower novels, bringing his career full circle. He then wrote Marvel’s Dark Tower comic book adaptations as well.
David took over She-Hulk after Dan Slott left, from Issue 22 to 38, a run which won praise. He also wrote Halo: Helljumper, 2009 Ben 10: Alien Force Manga book published by Del Rey, Ben Fold’s Four, a ‘Little Mermaid’ story in Jim Valentino’s Fractured Fables anthology that won more praise from Ain’t it Cool News, an adaptation of the 1982 film Tron to tie in with the 2010 sequel of the same name and a John Carter from Mars prequel to the film due out next year.
Peter David is a genius. His methodology is to block out different days for different projects, allowing him to be prolific in his work. Assured, well liked and professional, Peter David is a quiet voice in a creative industry but one with an enormous fan base exclusively based on the enjoyment of his work. His writing conveys his enthusiasm, wit and humour as well as never losing grip on issues close to him. Unafraid of controversy and generous in his plotting and pacing, David is a joy to read. A clear reason as to why his works are reprinted through Marvel, available as Masterworks collections and including full runs of his writing.
Review: Pokemon Go!
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The End of Sitting 1:1
short film, 16'
The End of Sitting is an installation at the crossroads of visual art, architecture, philosophy and empirical science. In our society almost the entirety of our surroundings have been designed for sitting, while evidence from medical research suggests that too much sitting has adverse health effects. RAAAF [Rietveld Architecture-Art Affordances] and visual artist Barbara Visser have developed a concept wherein the chair and desk are no longer unquestionable starting points. Instead, the installation’s various affordances solicit visitors to explore different standing positions in an experimental work landscape. The End of Sitting marks the beginning of an experimental trial phase, exploring the possibilities of radical change for the working environment. This project is a spatial follow-up of the recently released mute animation 'Sitting Kills' by RAAAF | Barbara Visser, developed for the Chief Government Architect of the Netherlands.
The End of Sitting is a collaboration with Looiersgracht 60
— Starting with a short animation film, a rendering of how ia landscape of affordances could look, RAAAF moved on to creating a 1:1 model, to start testing different standing positions.
With a group of performers, the film was shot, whereas the audio is taken from the recordings of two expert meetings, that serves as the voiceover for the film. https://vimeo.com/123212930
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Pharmacy at Brighton
Lunchtime learning
Posted on November 16, 2016 by Stephanie Thomson
Our school are hosting a series of seminars on Fridays from 1-2pm in H400. Everyone is welcome so put the dates in your diaries.
Here’s what is coming up over in the next few weeks:
Friday 18 November
“e-learning apps: could they have an impact on student engagement and retention?”
presented by Dr George Olivier
“What we do not know about our hearing”
presented by Andrei Lukashkin
Friday 9 December
“Yeast: a versatile living test tube to screen drug targets and inhibitors”
presented by Dr Cathy Moore, Institute for Infection and Immunity
Comment Lunchtime learning
Studying and socialising in our nationally recognised building
The recent, multi-million pound project transforming the Cockcroft building into a state-of-the-art research, teaching and information building has been recognised in the prestigious Green Gown Awards for 2016.
Our university and the architects we worked with Fraser Brown MacKenna were named Finalist in the Built Environment category for what was one of the largest retrofits of an occupied academic building in the UK.
The transformation was described by judges as “an innovative approach integrating architectural, building services and structure design” which unlocked the environmental potential of the 10,500m2 building using the latest technology.
Innovations include an aquifer thermal energy store, potentially reducing energy demand, CO2 emissions and fuel savings. The system stores and recovers thermal energy beneath the ground and provides heating and cooling.
A spokesperson for the awards told the university: “On behalf of the Green Gown Awards Team we wanted to congratulate you on your achievement. Being a Green Gown Awards Finalist is something to be extremely proud of.”
Earlier this year the Cockcroft project won in the Higher Education category of the Architects’ Journal Retrofit Awards 2016. Judges called it a bold project and a model for future similar projects. Read More →
Comment Studying and socialising in our nationally recognised building
PABS joins in BAFTA success
Posted on November 5, 2016 by Stephanie Thomson
A children’s medical programme, supported by the University of Brighton, has been nominated for a 2016 British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) award.
Professor Hal Sosabowski, Professor of Public Understanding who is based in our school, acts as science consultant for the CBBC children’s series Operation Ouch!, which aims to make medicine and science fun and accessible for children.
Professor Sosabowski, who advises on how to conduct safe experiments, said: “The programme has already won two BAFTAs and is now one of CBBC’s crown jewels. It focuses on the more macabre and disgusting but at the same time, strangely compulsive elements of the human body.”
Our school, the School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, has been contributing to the programme since it was launched in 2012 and filming has been conducted at labs at the Huxley Building here in Moulsecoomb and at a lab at the Hastings campus. The programme is hosted by Christoffer and Alexander van Tulleken.
Professor Sosabowski said: “The programme is now syndicated worldwide and our involvement can only happen due to the goodwill of School colleagues to whom I extend my heartiest thanks. Season Six has been commissioned and the University and the School receive credits at the programme’s end which will reach literally millions of young scientists.”
The BAFTA awards ceremony is on 20 November. Watch this space!
Comment PABS joins in BAFTA success
Support for first year students
Posted on November 4, 2016 by Laura Ruby
To all first year PABS students,
We realise this can be a really challenging time of year for you – students often struggle with homesickness, feel stressed about academic work, there may may money or housing challenges, stuff going on in your personal life, you may be struggling to settle into university life or not sure if the course is right for you. The first thing to remember is this is COMPLETELY NORMAL! The second is that there is plenty of support available for you at the university.
If you would like to have a friendly chat about how you’re getting on and / or find out what services are available please drop in to see Charlotte your SSGT Huxley reception 10 – 12 next week or make an appointment for a private meeting by email ssgtpabs@brighton.ac.uk / 01273 641413
Also, please be aware of the wellbeing Wednesday workshops running this semester: https://blogs.brighton.ac.uk/studentnewsandevents/2016/10/07/wellbeing-workshops/
Like my facebook page PABS Student Support for information about upcoming events, university and local services, wellbeing and study tips!
Charlotte Morris
PABS Student Support and Guidance Tutor
Comment Support for first year students
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