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IJN Aerial Attack Tactics
May 17, 2020 Tim Migaki IJN, Tactics One comment
Aircraft in the 1920s were largely used in reconnaissance, scouting, and gunfire spotting roles. Their use for fleet air defense was fairly limited. Furthermore, the offensive potential of naval aircraft was limited by the short range of planes at the time. By the 1930s, the increased performance characteristics of newer aircraft allowed the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) to begin looking into the possibility of using bombers to attack enemy ships (Evans & Peattie, 1997, p. 326). In the late 1930s, the IJN further developed carrier air power tactics in anticipation of hostilities with the U.S. Navy. By 1940-41, they were further honing their tactics into a cohesive offensive system (Evans & Peattie, 1997, p. 343). This post will examine the development of the IJN’s aerial attack profiles. The three attack profiles to be examined are horizontal bombing, dive bombing, and aerial torpedo bombing.
Anti-ship Aerial Attack Profiles
(Evans & Peattie, 1997, p. 345)
Horizontal Bombing Tactics
The early development of horizontal bombing techniques was fairly rudimentary. Bombing operations were conducted at Tsingtao in 1914 against German defenses, but the results were insignificant due to the lack of training and bomb sights. The British Semphill Mission in 1921 allowed Japan to acquire both training and bomb sights, along with other advancements (Peattie, 2001, p. 18-20). Following the massive publicity of the American bombing tests against ships in 1921 off the Virginia Capes (famously promoted by General Billy Mitchell), the IJN began looking into the tactic of horizontal bombing (suihei bakugeki 水平爆撃) (Evans & Peattie, 1997, p. 327). In 1924, the IJN conducted similar experiments against the hulk of the Iwami (ex-Russian battleship Orel) off Yokosuka using bombs dropped from an average height of 1,000 meters (3,300 feet). While the Iwami was eventually sunk, it took approximately four hours to do so, and only about 20% of the bombs hit the target (Peattie, 2001, p. 34). For the remainder of the 1920s, annual tests with horizontal bombing, by either single aircraft or groups of two to three, demonstrated good accuracy at a horizontal bombing altitude of 2,000 – 5,000 meters (6,500 – 16,400 feet) against stationary targets. Further exercises conducted after 1930 against moving targets, however, showed poorer results. Bombing tests conducted at lower altitudes of 100 – 1,000 meters (300 – 3,300 feet) and speeds of roughly 50 knots produced better hit ratios, but it was recognized that such parameters would make the planes easy targets for anti-aircraft fire. By the mid-1930, the altitude for bomb deployment was again increased, but with larger aircraft formations to create a larger bombing pattern. Still, a lack of accurate bomb sights and poor aircraft coordination between pilots and bombardiers hindered performance against moving targets. It was only right at he eve of the Pacific War that improved team coordination and training produced more accurate results (Peattie, 2001, p. 34-35).
The Second Sino-Japanese War in China allowed the IJN to extensively test its horizontal bombing techniques. However, their high-altitude horizontal bombing missions over China were shown to be inaccurate. By 1941, with the upcoming Pearl Harbor strike being planned, aerial torpedoes and dive bombers were deemed insufficient in guaranteeing a successful attack on ships, so horizontal bombing was to be included (Evans & Peattie, 1997, p. 343-344). To increase accuracy, tacticians reduced the bomb deployment altitude from 4,000 meters (13,100 feet) to 3,000 meters (9,800 feet) which was the minimum height for an armor piercing bomb to carry enough velocity to penetrate the deck armor. Additionally, rigorous training for bombardiers and tighter bombing formations were implemented which increased accuracy from 10% to 33%. The results paid off for high level bombers when the USS Arizona was sunk by an armor piercing bomb. However, the navy never again achieved such success and no major vessel was sunk while underway with high-altitude level bombing during the Pacific War (Peattie, 2001, p. 139-140).
Problems with horizontal bombing accuracy were not limited to the IJN. During the interwar years, U.S Navy fleet exercises (Fleet Problems) originally assessed horizontal bombing accuracy to be 20% in 1934, but reduced it to 8% in 1938 (Nofi, 2010, p. 306-307). High-altitude horizontal bombing against maneuvering targets during wartime was so inaccurate that the only warship to be arguably “sunk” by such a method was the destroyer Mutsuki on August 25, 1942. While slowly maneuvering to rescue survivors from a disabled troop transport, Mutsuki was hit by one bomb from a B-17. Reportedly, Mutsuki‘s captain said during an inquiry that “even B-17s can get a hit once in a while.” Later on, following the First Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, three B-17s attacked the battleship Hiei as she limped away from the previous night’s engagement. Although she had stopped to pump out her steering compartment, she quickly built up speed to 15 knots and, while making an evasive turn to starboard, was hit by roughly one of the twenty-eight 500-pound bombs dropped. Later on she was attacked by fourteen B-17s that dropped fifty-six 500-pound bombs and claimed one hit. However, overall the two bomb hits did little damage and she sank later as a result of cumulative damage. From the seventeen B-17s that dropped a total of 84 bombs and scored 2 hits, their accuracy was an appalling 2.4% (Nofi, 2010, p. 34-35).
Dive Bombing Tactics & Attack Profile
In contrast to horizontal bombing, dive bombing benefited from improved accuracy over due to the lower height of bomb release and the ability of the pilot to more easily adjust their attacks against evasive targets (Evans & Peattie, 1997, p. 328).
Mark Peattie (2001) notes that U.S. air show demonstrations and reports from Japanese naval attaches aroused interest in dive bombing techniques. In 1929, Vice Admiral Ando Masataka, chief of the Naval Aviation Department, began collecting data for the training and development of dive bombing in the IJN. In 1930, naval fighters of the First Carrier Division dive bombed the old cruiser Akashi in Tokyo Bay using 4 kg (8.8 lb) training bombs. The next two years saw further development with larger training bombs used against target vessels, with some bombing runs scoring 100% accuracy (p. 40).
Okumiya Masatake, one of the first aviators trained in dive bombing tactics, described attacks on land targets in dives made at a 30 degree angle from a height of 1,000 meters (3,300 feet) and 2,000 meters (6,500 feet) from the target. A large white cloth was placed in a field and next to it was optical equipment that measured their dive angles. He says that most pilots initially had trouble correctly diving at the proper angle, but eventually they could dive at 60 degrees. The biggest problem was compensating for wind, which threw off the pilot’s aim. Further development of techniques would see dives begin at 3,000 meters (9,800 feet) and pilots adjusting their dive angle until approximately 1,000 meters above the target. At this point they would be doing about 250-270 knots. Once at 1,000 meters, they adjusted their aim until they reached the release point at 500 meters (1,600 feet). (Peattie, 2001, p. 40-41).
Tactical development in the mid-1930s by both American and Japanese naval airmen saw the aircraft carrier as the main target for offensive air operations. The rationale being not to sink the carriers, but rather, to destroy the flight deck in order to cripple air operations. Aerial torpedo bombers could sink the ship, but the Japanese navy believed that an aerial torpedo attack would take too long and allow the enemy carrier to launch aircraft. Hence, dive bombing was seen as the best tactic for disrupting a carrier’s capabilities (Peattie, 2001, p. 40). In 1935, dive bombing tests were conducted at the Kashima range off the coast of Ibaraki Prefecture using a mock-up of the USS Saratoga. By 1937, the IJN had a corps of extremely skilled aircrews; among them was Lt. Egusa Takashige who would become one of Japan’s dive bombing aces during the Pacific War (Peattie, 2001, p. 40-41).
While dive bombing was used to some effect during the war in China, no targets called for hitting an underway vessel. Thus, further development of techniques were facilitated by more training and the introduction of the Aichi D3A “Val” dive bomber. By 1939, during exercises, the dive bombers were achieving a 53.7% hit rate which increased to 55% two years later. By 1940, dive bombing tactics pioneered by Lt. Takahashi Sadamu, called for an approach of a target on the opposite course at an altitude of 3,000 meters (9,800 feet) at 20-30 nautical miles from the target. The aircraft would then go into an echelon formation and begin a shallow 10 degree dive at full throttle. Then, the aircraft would, in succession, dive at 65 degrees and aim for a point ahead of the target. Bomb release would occur at an altitude of about 600 meters (2,000 feet). Once they released their payload, the aircraft would then retract their dive brakes and pull up sharply. The navy estimated that 18 planes would be required to make 5-6 direct hits on a target, out of which 8 planes would be lost due to anti-aircraft fire (Peattie, 2001, p. 140-141).
At the time of the Pacific War, Japanese dive bombing doctrine stipulated that the bombers approach a target either bow-on or stern-on if wind was negligible. Bow-on attacks were preferred. However, if wind exceeded 30 knots, then the attack would be made with the wind at the tail of the plane to minimize drift. With several formations attacking simultaneously, they would attempt to attack from different directions. These were the standard dive bombing tactics of the IJN and used successfully in the sinking of the HMS Hermes, HMS Cornwall, and HMS Dorsetshire (Peattie, 2001, p. 141).
Torpedo Bombing Tactics & Attack Profile
Aerial torpedo attacks were actually the first method studied by Imperial Japanese naval aviation and emerged in 1912 (Peattie, 2001, p. 35). Simulated night attacks by aircraft against fleet units in Tateyama Bay were conducted as early as 1916 which inspired early naval aviators of the tremendous potential for using aircraft as attack platforms, but the problem was that aircraft and torpedo technology had not advanced far enough to make it feasible (Evans & Peattie, 1997, p. 327). In fact, most aerial torpedo practice was conducted with singular aircraft up to 1928. The technological lag also led the IJN to experiment with some “unique” tactics during their fleet maneuvers. During exercises off of Amami Oshima in 1928, the Hosho‘s torpedo attack squadrons practiced coordinating their attacks with cruiser and destroyer torpedo attacks. Their tactics called for the torpedo planes to get on station and orbit the target; waiting for the cruisers and destroyers to get into attack position. The torpedo planes would then circle around and attack the targets from the opposite flank (Peattie, 2001, p. 37).
1928 exercises off Amami Oshima. Adapted from (Peattie, 2001, p. 38)
Obviously, there were some problems with these tactics, and they were not lost upon the tacticians at the time. First of all, the circumstances for such a tactic would take hours to develop and the window for attack might only last for a few minutes. The degree of fine coordination required was ridiculous. Secondly, the poor air-to-air and ship-to-air communications at the time were woefully inadequate to ensure such coordination. Arguably, it says more to the Japanese inexperience at using naval aircraft that such tactics were even accepted into doctrine (Peattie, 2001, p. 37). In many ways, this tactical complexity is a common feature of Japanese doctrine in that it expects the enemy to behave in a very prescribed manner as if going step-by-step through a playbook. The Japanese were extremely skilled at offensive tactics, and their intense training had honed their skills down to a precision edge (as was shown in their successes in the first few years of the Pacific War). Theoretically, such a hammer and anvil-style tactic using coordinated air and surface attacks from opposite directions is feasible, and the Japanese would have trained rigorously in such a tactic, but it ignores the realities of actual combat. This particular tactic seems tailored to a very specific situation which requires all the moving parts to be in the right place at the right time. It’s one thing to execute the tactic perfectly in the relative safety of a training exercise, but try doing it when the enemy ships and aircraft are firing live ammunition. As history has shown, tactics developed in peacetime tend to be overly complex. They are then simplified or done away with when the shooting starts for real. The best tactics are often the simplest, most adaptable, and left for the individual commanders to decide and implement.
Technological advancements improved hit rates with torpedoes. By 1932, the probability of hits against moving targets had increased to 60%, and then to 88.4% the following year. In 1935, the torpedo bombers were regularly achieving hit rates of 60% in poor daylight conditions and up to 100% under good conditions. However, one reason for their high hit rates could be explained from the weak anti-aircraft defenses at the time which were judged to have downed few attacking aircraft. That being said, the high hit rates are a testament to the skill of the aviators given that the calculations required to pull off an successful aerial torpedo attack against an evasive target were done by eye (Peattie, 2001, p. 39). By 1937, improved technology had allowed for torpedoes to be dropped from heights of up to 200 meters (660 feet) and speeds of up to 120 knots. Furthermore, continued training in night attack methods had torpedo bombers follow behind flare-dropping aircraft (Peattie, 2001, p. 143).
Various experiments in massed attack, coordination of carrier and land-based torpedo squadrons, and night torpedo bombing allowed the IJN to further develop its tactics and institute rigorous training for its aircrews. However, this raised the issue of how to avoid midair collisions with multiple planes attacking a target and taking evasive maneuvers against anti-aircraft fire. In order to minimize the risk of midair collisions the navy further refined the rules for torpedo launches at greater heights and distances during training, but it was not until the adoption of the Type 91 aerial torpedo that some of these dangers were alleviated and improved hit performance was seen. Still, the issues remained (Peattie, 2001, p. 143-144). An examination of the Type 91 aerial torpedo, its development, and modifications is for another time.
Shallow water torpedo attacks were already being practiced the IJN in 1939 against ships in Saeki Bay in Kyushu, before the British air raid on the Italian fleet at Taranto in 1940. The navy was studying problems of potential attacks with five Asian and Pacific ports in mind, including, but not solely limited to, Pearl Harbor. In addition to modifications to the Type 91 torpedo for shallow waters, relentless training and experimentation was conducted by the Yokosuka Naval Air Group in Kagoshima Bay in the autumn of 1941. Leading the air group was Lt. Cmdr. Murata Shigeharu, the leading torpedo expert, who managed to perfect the required tactics used to great effect during the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor (Evans & Peattie, 1997, p. 345-346).
Even land-based air groups took part in the development of aerial torpedo tactics. When it wasn’t operating over China in the summertime, the Kanoya Air Group’s G3M “Nell” twin-engined bombers participated in the annual Combined Fleet exercises from December through April and practiced torpedo runs under fighter cover. By late-1941, the new G4M “Betty” bombers gave them improved performance (Peattie, 2001, p. 146)
At the start of the Pacific War, the standard IJN aerial torpedo bombing tactic was for the torpedo bombers to fly at an altitude of 1,000 – 3,000 meters (3,300 – 9,800 feet), depending on atmospheric and target conditions. On making their approach, they would fly on an opposite course to the target and split up approximately 10 – 12 miles away in order to attack from two sides. As with dive-bombing tactics, they would attack in either a loose string or line abreast if facing AA fire. Parameters for dropping their torpedoes was:
Altitude: 50 – 100 meters (160 – 330 feet)
Airspeed: 140 – 162 knots
Range: 800 – 1,200 meters (2,600 – 3,900 feet) from target
The idea was to catch the target ship in a converging attack from several directions so that no matter which way the target ship turned, it would always present a broadside to one group of attackers (Peattie, 2001, p. 144).
Evans and Peattie (1997) note that IJN aerial torpedo tactics, in keeping in line with their offensive mindset, were related to surface torpedo tactics (p. 327). Indeed, a cursory comparison between the previously discussed Otsu Tactic and the aerial torpedo tactics does appear to show similarities. However, whether the Otsu Tactic directly inspired the latter is unknown.
Coordination of Massed Air Attacks
Imperial Japanese Navy research into coordinating a massed air attack using various types of aircraft concluded that an attack would be launched from carriers at 200 miles from the enemy. Generally speaking, the strike would have vanguard and rear elements with bombers converging on their targets from predetermined altitudes. Some fighter planes would deal with the enemy’s combat air patrol while others would strafe the superstructures and decks of the enemy carriers. Immediately following the fighters, the horizontal bombers would attack at 3,000-4,000 meters, and then the dive bombers from 3,000 meters in a 50-70 degree dive, releasing their bombs at 500 meters. While this was occurring, the torpedo bombers would simultaneously attack at an altitude of 50-100 meters. Obviously, such an operation would require rigorous planning, training, and organization to both prevent mishaps and coordinate forces. Additionally, the navy would need to develop the appropriate doctrine for massing its carriers. All of this would have been essential for the upcoming attack on Pearl Harbor (Peattie, 2001, p. 146-147). A discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of carrier dispersion versus massing is for another time.
As we see, throughout the interwar years, the development of tactics benefited from some foreign assistance, improved aircraft, and weapons technology. Experimentation in naval exercises with different types of bombing was further supplemented by experience in bombing operations in China. Additionally, tactical innovation was spearheaded by aviation pioneers who perfected the tactics in training and relentlessly drilled aircrews to high standards. All of these elements were brought together by the IJN into a developed and cohesive air offensive doctrine which it put to use in the early stages of the Pacific War.
Evans, D.C. & Peattie, M.R. (1997). Kaigun: Strategy, Tactics, and Technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887-1941. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press.
Nofi, A.A. (2010). To Train the Fleet for War: The U.S. Navy Fleet Problems 1923-1940. Newport, RI: Naval War College Press.
Peattie, M.R. (2001). Sunburst: The Rise of Japanese Naval Air Power 1909-1941. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press.
aircraftaircraft carrierbombinghistoryIJNImperial Japanese Navynaval aviationnaval historynaval tacticsnavyPacific WartorpedoWorld War 2WW2WWII
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This is an incredibly interesting article. Thank you for posting it.
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Home»US»Lee County Sheriff’s Office & Florida State Attorney’s Office Completely Dropped The Ball On Victim Of Grand Theft
Lee County Sheriff’s Office & Florida State Attorney’s Office Completely Dropped The Ball On Victim Of Grand Theft
Tim Brown / September 5, 2019
In the ongoing story of Deanna Williams, not only a victim of rape, but also a victim of the justice system, the Lee County Sheriff’s Office (LCSO), Sheriff Carmine Marceno, the Florida State Attorney’s Office and the Southwest Florida enemedia, documents have now been obtained to demonstrate that she clearly went to LCSO to file the criminal complaint before appointed Sheriff Marceno began to unethically pursue her for sex. Additionally, documents show the neither LCSO nor the State Attorney’s Office did what they should have done in the investigation, but rather deferred to the Florida Bar, which has absolutely no authority to deal in criminal matters.
As I have laid out before, Ms. Williams settled a civil case in which she had accused a Major League Baseball player of raping her in 2009. Following the settlement, Ms. Williams paid a substantial six-figure amount to attorney Gloria Allred, the attorney representing victims in the Jeffrey Epstein case, in addition to the agreed-upon percentage for Allred’s fees to Ms. Williams’ previous attorneys.
Allred failed to comply with paying those attorneys, which resulted in a lawsuit brought by those attorneys just a little over a year later.
During the course of that lawsuit, one of the attorneys allegedly sold the right to sue Ms. Williams to a Ft. Lauderdale attorney named Scott Mager. Mager was allowed to pursue Ms. Williams by swindling a judge with a case that was not even close to being similar to the one Ms. Williams was involved in. That same judge was later busted in a prostitute sting.
According to Ms. Williams, she hired attorney Ware Cornell to represent her in the matter. However, Ms. Williams claims that Cornell had spoken to Mager in what appears to be a collusion to steal $200,000 from her in order to make a deal with Mager.
Now, documentation obtained through the Lee County Sheriff’s Office website substantiates the fact that not only did a crime occur, but high ranking members of LCSO ignored the prime issue at stake: grand theft took place by Ms. Williams’ attorney.
Here are the documents:
Lee County Sheriff’s Of… by Tim Brown on Scribd
The documents were part of a public records request that sought all documents that were pursuant to Ms. Williams’ criminal filing and the status of that filing. As you can see, these include the court record, as well as the retainer agreement between Ms. Williams and Ware Cornell.
You will note on page 3 that there is an order by Judge Jay B. Rosman dated November 20, 2017 that indicates he is distributing funds of $200,000 between Ms. Williams and Mr. Mager.
However, if you have been following this story, you would know that this reporter contacted Ware Cornell to ask if he had written authority to intercept funds that were, but a lawful settlement, to go directly to Ms. Williams, and which he has written in his retainer agreement would be paid to him for services. Instead, after intercepting the $200,000 payment from the attorney for the MLB player, Ware claims he had inherent rights to do so, not written authorization. In fact, Ms. Williams claims that she did not know he had intercepted the money until he informed her when she desired to fire him for filing his appearance in the wrong case, which led to a judgment against her.
However, on page 19, Brittne Hitchens, representing Cornell & Associates, P.A. did not discuss the means that Cornell use to steal Ms. Williams’ money, but only pointed to the court’s direction of distribution of those stolen funds.
Sergeant Tim Dugan seems to be the only officer involved that kept questioning how Cornell obtained those funds, which is the crux of the grand theft complaint.
In an email on page 20, Dugan said that Ms. Williams’ attorney which she hired after Ware Cornell, Mike Chionopoulos, agreed the state attorney’s office that Ms. Williams should file a BAR complaint against Cornell.
That’s right, LCSO failed to fully investigate the matter, the state attorney’s office, now headed by Amira Fox, whose husband was ironically assigned to Ms. Williams when she wanted to file a BAR complaint. Williams protested that it was a conflict of interest.
While the BAR certainly can investigate a complaint against an attorney, they have no legal authority to determine crimes. That is the business of LCSO, and the determination of prosecution comes from the state attorney’s office.
Neither LCSO nor the state attorney’s office bore their responsibility and thus left a rape victim to become not only a victim of grand theft by Ware Cornell, but subsequently, a victim of grand theft by attorney Michael Chionopoulos who aided Scott Mager in stealing another $200,000 from Ms. Williams and entered an affidavit with the court attesting to his part, but failed to have it set for hearing. Thus, Ft. Lauderdale attorney Scott Mager is knowingly in possession of at least $300,000 in stolen funds. I know this due to a conversation between Ms. Williams and one of his associates at Mager Paruas. A BAR complaint has been filed against Mr. Mager so far.
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James Rankine, a former FBI agent, who was assigned to investigate former LCSO Sheriff Mike Scott and then undersheriff Carmine Marceno, somehow didn’t find anything worth bringing criminal charges against either and later found himself a plush six-figure job at LCSO, much like many of Marceno’s political opponents, while good, honest employees were pushed out. Rankine’s hiring is extremely suspicious.
Rankine somehow got involved in an email dated July 24, 2018, but apparently none of the LCSO officers took the time to actually investigate the matter.
Instead of investigating, which would not have taken much effort, they let the SAO determine that Williams go to the BAR for criminal action when they have no authority to do anything about it.
Dugan’s email dated July 23, 2018, indicates that both LCSO and the SAO washed their hands of their responsibility and attempted to toss it back to Ms. Williams and the Florida BAR stating, “We have reviewed the provided court documents and spoke with SAO JD Miller in detail about this complaint. since it involves BAR certified lawyers, court ordered decisions, and technicalities involving the local judicial system, it was determined that the best course of action would be for Ms. Williams to report her complaint to the Flordia BAR so that they can conduct the investigation. If they find any criminal violations, they will forward the investigation to the State Attorney’s Office for appropriate action.”
However, Dugan said that they didn’t “see anything criminal in manner in what occurred,” probably due to the fact that his main question he continued to ask in an email dated May 14, 2018, “Is there any other documentation that shows why Mr. Cornell accepted the initial $200,000 payment rather than the money going directly to Mrs. Williams? Why did he accept the money and hold it until the judge ordered it to be disbursed as stated in the court order? In short, who gave Mr. Cornell the right to accept the money in the first place?”
That is something LCSO never got to the bottom of that the SAO was not interested in. Therefore, how in the world could Dugan and LCSO claim that they didn’t “see anything criminal in manner in what occurred”?
They didn’t investigate, plain and simple.
This was also the conclusion of a former law enforcement officer in the area that I spoke to about this issue. He informed me that by the LCSO not investigating and determining that there was no evidence that he had stolen the money or that he had stolen it, they had not done their job. Additionally, the SAO also failed to do the right thing and pointed Ms. Williams to the Florida BAR, which does not determine crimes.
Finally, in an email dated July 23, 2018, Captain James Rankine stated that then-undersheriff Marceno had met with Ms. Williams on that day concerning her complaint, which had already been submitted. This shows that Marceno inserted himself into the process to provide “personal” service to Ms. Williams, which turned out to be an unethical abuse of his power to pursue a victim of crime for his own gratification under the guise of helping her. For more on that, see his messages and texts prior to that meeting here.
While people continue to bad mouth Ms. Williams, the facts are speaking for themselves, and facts are stubborn things. Lee County Florida has a corrupt sheriff, sheriff’s office and state attorney’s office. LCSO let Ms. Williams down in her rape case, and then they not only let her down in a grand theft matter, but allowed their own sheriff to abuse his power and put her through hell as a result. Meanwhile, conservatives like Sean Hannity, Governor Ron DeSantis and AG Ashley Moody remains silent and impotent to deal with the crimes of those in office against Ms. Williams.
Meanwhile, Ms. Williams continues to need support via her GoFundMe page, which can by reach by clicking here.
Previous articles in this series with documentation mentioned in this article:
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Blogozoic
Travis Park
Vertebrate Palaeontologist & Biologist
Tag: Morocco
The Giant Turtle That Really Sucked
Posted on 17/07/2013 by Travis Park in Marine reptiles, Turtles
Turtles are an underappreciated group of tetrapods. Despite a brief flirtation with popular culture in the late eighties and early nineties (although no known species actually eats pizza and wields ninja weapons), the shelled reptiles still don’t get the attention their seriously weird morphology deserves.
The oldest known turtles are from the Late Triassic of China (Li et al. 2008), but the debate still rages on regarding which group turtles actually evolved from, so derived is their morphology (Carroll 2013). There are around 300 living species of turtle, divided into 14 families, the largest of which is the marine leatherback turtle, which can reach 2m in length. Yet this pales in comparison with the largest known fossil turtle, Archelon ischyros, which had a shell over 4 m long! Yet for all of the turtles of different shapes and sizes, none have ever been found like the new species described in a paper published in PLoS One last week.
Here you can clearly see just how huge the largest known fossil turtle, Archelon, really was. Image from Moody et al. 2013.
The paper, written by Nathalie Bardet and colleagues, names a new species of giant turtle, Ocepechelon bouyai from the Late Cretaceous (~65 Ma) phosphates of the Oulad Abdoun Basin in Morocco. In it they describe a skull of a turtle that is unlike any other ever known. Most turtles have beaks with horny ridges that they use to slice through their food. Ocepechelon bouyai however used a completely different method. The snout of its skull was shaped like a pipette tube which it used to suck in its prey, a method known as suction feeding. This feeding method is relatively common in aquatic vertebrates such as fish and marine mammals and some living species of turtle do also use this method of feeding, but it is very rarely reported in Mesozoic marine reptiles, let alone to this extreme degree of specialisation and unique morphology.
Here is a reconstruction of the new turtle species, Ocepechelon bouyai. How weird is that snout!? Image from Bardet et al. 2013.
In an unlikely example of convergent evolution (where two separately related taxa evolve similar features), the authors compare this strange animal to modern beaked whales. These marine mammals also possess a long toothless rostrum that they open rapidly to suck in prey. This convergence also extends to other parts of the skull, the nostrils are situated further towards the back of the top of the skull (or posterodorsally if you prefer) and also the squamosals are very well developed like in beaked whales, these would have allowed the attachment of strong throat muscles to help generate the large suction forces necessary for this mode of feeding.
Here’s the holotype skull of Ocepechelon bouyai. You can see the elongated, toothless rostrum and enlarged squamosals that make the authors compare it to a beaked whale. Image from Bardet et al. 2013.
This find shows that at the end of the Cretaceous, the shallow seas where Morocco is today possessed a diversity of animals that is still yet to be fully realised. The pipette like rostrum of O. bouyai is unique among tetrapods and shows that this cool group of animals have plenty more surprises up their sleeves. Cowabunga dudes! Ahem…
Bardet N, Jalil N-E, de Lapparent de Broin F, Germain D, Lambert O, et al. (2013) A Giant Chelonioid Turtle from the Late Cretaceous of Morocco with a Suction Feeding Apparatus Unique among Tetrapods. PLoS ONE 8(7): e63586. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063586
Carroll, R. 2013. Problems of the Ancestry of Turtles in D. B. Brinkman et al. (eds.), Morphology and Evolution of Turtles. Springer, New York, 576 p.
Li, C; Wu, XC; Rieppel, O; Wang, LT; Zhao, LJ (November 2008). “An ancestral turtle from the Late Triassic of southwestern China”. Nature 456 (7221): 497–501.
Richard T. J. Moody, Cyril A. Walker, and Sandra D. Chapman. 2013. Fossil European Sea Turtles: A Historical Perspective in D. B. Brinkman et al. (eds.), Morphology and Evolution of Turtles. Springer, New York, 576 p.
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Tagged Bardet, Cretaceous, giant, Morocco, suction feeding, turtle2 Comments
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CODE RED / EMERGENCY INFO
Vice Mayor’s Summary of the March 14, 2019 Town Council Meeting
Greetings Fellow Montreaters,
This is Kent Otto, Mayor Pro Tem, taking over for Mayor Helm’s as he was out of town for the meeting. We were appreciative of the 16 people who came to be a part of the evening’s proceedings.
Here are the highlights from the meeting:
Public Forum questions/comments included:
There were a number of comments regarding the “scenic detour” that was set up due to the culvert re-construction on Assembly Drive. A question was asked about when the work would be finished. I shared with them that due to weather and other circumstances, the project will not be complete until Monday afternoon, weather permitting. Several others commented on the high speed of many cars, which makes for hazardous conditions on the narrow roads. Town Administrator, Alex Carmichael, took note of the comments and will ensure public safety is upheld. We’re most grateful for everyone’s patience during this process and we expect you will like the addition of the crosswalk across Assembly. It will eventually be part of the entire sidewalk connection from Montreat to Black Mountain.
Montreat College’s Sara Baughman reminded everyone that the students will be returning from spring break this weekend for Monday classes. The students have been informed about the detour. So, expect increased traffic this weekend. Sarah also reminded everyone of the upcoming Thielman Lecture Series on Tuesday and Wednesday, March 19 and 20. Writer, speaker, and spoken word artist Jackie Hill-Perry is this year’s Calvin Thielman Lecture Series speaker. She will speak in Graham Chapel at 7 p.m. on Tuesday, March 19 and at 10 a.m. on Wednesday, March 20. Both events are free and open to the public. CLICK HERE for more information.
Council Meeting:
In the Council Meeting, we had a report from our auditor, Jennifer Rice, regarding our fiscal year 2018 annual financial report. Highlights include a significant excess of revenues over expenses, a slight decrease in our General Fund Balance due to Capital Fund transfers for the Town Hall and Public Works building, and an increase in the available unrestricted funds. Overall, we have a positive financial position. The Council thanked the staff for their hard work and excellent reporting.
Commissioner Alice Lentz gave a report on her activities on the Montreat address issue. She has been working on the issue since September and has collected much information. Although there is no resolution yet, concerted effort has been directed to the problem and we will continue this effort. In my comments, I reminded everyone that weather permitting, Assembly Drive will be open again on Monday. Town Public Works staff has done an excellent job in the planning of this major project and has been hard at work along with contractors. I also shared that Alex, Mayor Helms and I met with NC Dept. of Transportation personnel for an update on Route 9 improvements. They told us complete repaving of Montreat Road (Rt. 9) from the gate to State Street in Black Mountain will be completed by Oct. 19.
Alex gave an excellent overview of capital projects’ status. Because there is so much happening, from the Town Hall and Texas Road Bridge to road paving, it’s impractical to list everything here. But check out the minutes of the meeting in a few weeks to see what how our Public Works staff is staying busy. You will be impressed!
There were a number of appointments and re-appointments to committees. We are most thankful for citizens’ willingness to volunteer in the work of our Town. We couldn’t operate without your help. See the list at the end of this summary for all appointments.
The Commission voted to call a Public Hearing on Thursday, April 11, on the subject of installment financing contracting for the construction of the Town Hall. Location and time details will be publicized when available.
A report of the Town Hall special fundraising project was provided by co-chairs Bill Scheu and Tom Frist. They gratefully announced that the goal of $50,000 was exceeded. As of this date, more than $78,000 has been donated for special improvements to the new Town Hall that were not included in the original project. Bill and Tom thanked the 10 volunteers who helped with the campaign and thanked the generous donors. The Council then discussed the overage and how best to use it. After discussion, it was agreed to apply it to the proposed educational rain garden on the new Town Hall property. It was also made clear that donors will have to be informed about the additional funds and the proposed use then give their permission for the funds to be used in that manner.
Please let me know if you have any questions on what was discussed or any other matters. Write me at kotto@townofmontreat.org or call me at 919/801-8618. Thank you for your confidence in our work, Mayor Pro Tem Kent Otto on behalf of the Town Council.
The following actions were taken by the Council in addition to the Public Hearing:
Approved minutes for the Feb. 13 and Feb. 14 Special Meetings and the Feb. 14 Town Council Meeting
Approved corrected minutes for the Feb. 14 Public Forum
Approved appointments of:
Martha Chastain to the Board of Adjustment
Margaret Waterstradt to the Board of Adjustment
Robert Sulaski to the Board of Adjustment
Approved Re-appointments of:
Hugh Alexander to the Audit Committee
Philip Arnold to the Open Spaces Conservation Committee
AnnKelso Hewitt to the Board of Adjustment
Passed a resolution regarding Montreat address issues and problems resulting from confusion between Town of Montreat Zip Code (28757) and Black Mountain Zip Code (28711)
©Copyright 2018. Town of Montreat. All Rights Reserved.
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Sears Holdings Reports First Quarter 2018 Results
HOFFMAN ESTATES, Ill., May 31, 2018 /PRNewswire/ -- Sears Holdings Corporation ("Holdings," "we," "us," "our," or the "Company") (NASDAQ: SHLD) today announced financial results for its first quarter ended May 5, 2018. As a supplement to this announcement, a presentation and a pre-recorded conference and audio webcast are available at our website http://searsholdings.com/invest.
In summary, the Company reported a net loss attributable to Holdings' shareholders of $424 million ($3.93 loss per diluted share) for the first quarter of 2018. This compares to net income attributable to Holdings' shareholders of $245 million ($2.29 earnings per diluted share) reported for the first quarter of 2017, which included a gain of $492 million recognized in conjunction with the sale of the Craftsman brand. Adjusted EBITDA was $(225) million in the first quarter of 2018, as compared to $(220) million in the prior year first quarter.
The Company generated total revenues of approximately $2.9 billion during the first quarter of 2018, compared with revenues of $4.2 billion in the prior year quarter, with store closures contributing to nearly two thirds of the decline. Total comparable store sales declined 11.9% during the quarter, comprised of a 9.5% decline at Kmart and a 13.4% decline at Sears. While total comparable store sales declined, the Company did experience positive comparable store sales at both Kmart and Sears in several categories, including apparel, footwear and jewelry.
Edward S. Lampert, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Holdings, said, "In a challenging quarter, we continued to focus on our strategic transformation, identifying additional opportunities to streamline operations and adjust inventory and operating expenses while staying focused on our Best Members, Best Categories and Best Stores. Our Shop Your Way membership program and Integrated Retail Strategy are our key priorities, and we continue to look for new ways to leverage our Shop Your Way ecosystem to drive improvements in value for our members and to increase the frequency and amount of their engagement."
"As we look to the remainder of 2018 and beyond, we remain committed to restoring positive Adjusted EBITDA and will continue to explore opportunities to unlock the full potential of our assets for our shareholders. This includes exploring third-party partnerships involving several of our businesses - such as Sears Home Services, Innovel, Kenmore and DieHard - and gaining further momentum around our new smaller store formats that blend brick and mortar and online experiences. We believe these initiatives, among others, will help us to strengthen the Company and better position it for the future."
At May 30, 2018, we had $360 million of availability under our revolving credit facility and $281 million of capacity under our general debt basket;
Agreement with Citi Retail Services, subsequent to quarter end, for a long-term extension of our 15-year co-brand and private label credit card relationship along with long-term marketing arrangements that include ongoing enhancements to the Shop Your Way® Mastercard rewards program, which resulted in $400 million of net cash flow to the Company;
Collaboration with Amazon.com, subsequent to quarter end, to provide full-service tire installation and balancing for customers who purchase any brand of tires on Amazon.com. This makes Sears Auto the first nationwide auto service center to offer Amazon.com customers the convenient Ship-to-Store tire solution integrated into the Amazon.com checkout process. In addition, DieHard all-season passenger tires will now be sold on Amazon.com. This program builds on the success of our earlier launches of Kenmore and DieHard products on Amazon.com, significantly expanding the reach of those brands;
Expansion of LEASE IT program online, making Sears the only national full-service retailer to offer customers a robust assortment of products to lease both online and in-store;
Expansion of exclusive apparel lines with Jaclyn Smith;
Strategic partnership with Truxx to provide our members with unique incentives when they access the innovative truck-sharing platform; and
Strategic partnership with GasBuddy and its Pay with GasBuddy gasoline payment service, which entitles users to a discount on nearly every gallon of gas they pump.
Rob Riecker, Chief Financial Officer of Holdings, said, "To support our transformation efforts, we continue to take important, proactive steps to address our capital structure, enhance our liquidity position and provide the Company with additional financial flexibility. We intend to take further action with respect to certain near-term maturities of our debt, including through repayments, refinancings and extensions of such debt."
At May 5, 2018, the Company had utilized approximately $994 million of our $1.5 billion revolving credit facility due in 2020, consisting of $901 million of borrowings and $93 million of letters of credit outstanding. The amount available to borrow under our credit facility was approximately $20 million, which reflects the effect of our springing fixed charge coverage ratio covenant and the borrowing base limitation in our revolving credit facility, which varies based on our overall inventory and receivables balances. Availability under our general debt basket was approximately $251 million at May 5, 2018. On a pro forma basis, assuming the payment received from the Citi transaction on May 18, 2018, the amount available to borrow under our revolving credit facility would have been $420 million.
The Company's total cash balances were $466 million at May 5, 2018, including restricted cash of $280 million, compared to $336 million at February 3, 2018, which included restricted cash of $154 million. Short-term borrowings totaled $1.7 billion at May 5, 2018, consisting of $901 million of revolver borrowings, $570 million of line of credit loans, $140 million of borrowings under the incremental real estate loan and $93 million of borrowings under the new secured loan.
On March 14, 2018, we closed on the Secured Loan and Mezzanine Loan facilities, pursuant to which the Company received aggregate gross proceeds of $440 million and will contribute $407 million of the proceeds into the Sears pension plans. This relieves the Company of contributions to its pension plans for approximately two years (other than a $20 million supplemental payment due in the second quarter of 2018), further reducing its pension liability.
During the first quarter of 2018, the Company also repaid $300 million of our Term Loan due in 2019 and completed private exchange offers and negotiated exchanges of and amendments to certain of its non-first lien debt. As a result of the transactions relating to the non-first lien debt, the maturity of approximately $170 million of the Company's 6 5/8% Senior Secured Notes was extended to October 2019, and the interest on these notes, approximately $214 million of the Company's 8% Senior Unsecured Notes, the Company's $300 million second lien term loan and $100 million of notes issued by a subsidiary of the Company, is payable in kind at the Company's option which, if elected, would reduce cash interest by approximately $60 million per year.
Total long-term debt (including current portion of long-term debt and capital lease obligations) was $3.5 billion and $3.2 billion at May 5, 2018 and February 3, 2018, respectively.
As part of our ongoing efforts to streamline the Company's operations and focus on our Best Stores, we have identified approximately 100 non-profitable stores, 72 of which will begin store closing sales in the near future. A list of the 72 stores will be posted in the "News/Media" section of searsholdings.com (http://searsholdings.com/media/company-statements) by mid-day. We continue to evaluate our network of stores, which are a critical component in our transformation, and will make further adjustments as needed and as warranted.
Separately, as previously announced on May 14, 2018, a special committee of the board of directors of the Company (the "Special Committee") has initiated a formal process to explore the sale of the Kenmore brand and related assets, the Sears Home Improvement Products business of the Sears Home Services division and the PartsDirect business of the Sears Home Services division (collectively, the "Sale Assets"). The Special Committee, which consists solely of independent directors, continues to evaluate the letter, dated April 20, 2018, from ESL Investments, Inc. expressing interest in participating as a purchaser of all or a portion of the Sale Assets.
Adoption of Accounting Standards Update: Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Effective in the first quarter of 2018, the Company adopted a new accounting standard related to revenue recognition using the full retrospective method. Accordingly, comparative financial statements of prior years have been adjusted to apply the new standard retrospectively. The adoption of the new revenue standard impacted the accounting for our Shop Your Way program, revenues from gift cards and merchandise returns. The expense for Shop Your Way points was previously recognized as customers earned points and recorded within cost of sales. The new guidance requires the Company to allocate the transaction price to products and points on a relative standalone selling price basis, deferring the portion of revenue allocated to the points and recognizing a contract liability for unredeemed points. The change in the accounting for the Shop Your Way program reduced revenue but had no impact to gross margin. The new guidance also changed the timing of recognition of the unredeemed portion of our gift cards, which was previously recognized using the remote method. The new guidance requires application of the proportional method. The Company reports revenues from merchandise sales net of estimated returns. The new guidance requires the Company to record both an asset and a liability for anticipated customer returns.
In addition to our net income (loss) attributable to Holdings' shareholders determined in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP"), for purposes of evaluating operating performance, we use Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("Adjusted EBITDA"), which is a non-GAAP measure. The tables attached to this press release provide a reconciliation of GAAP to the as adjusted amounts. We believe that our use of Adjusted EBITDA provides an appropriate measure for investors to use in assessing our performance across periods, given that these measures provide adjustments for certain significant items which may vary significantly from period to period, improving the comparability of year-to-year results and is therefore representative of our ongoing performance. Therefore, we have adjusted our results for them to make our statements more useful and comparable. However, we do not, and do not recommend that you, solely use Adjusted EBITDA to assess our financial and earnings performance.
As a result of the Seritage and JV transactions, Adjusted EBITDA for the first quarter of 2018 and 2017 included additional rent expense of approximately $32 million and $45 million, respectively. Due to the structure of the leases, the Company expects that our cash rent obligations to Seritage and the joint venture partners will continue to decline, over time, as space in these stores is recaptured. From the inception of the Seritage transaction to date, we have received recapture notices on 64 properties and also exercised our right to terminate the lease on 65 properties.
This press release contains forward-looking statements intended to qualify for the safe harbor from liability established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including, but not limited to, statements about our ability to enhance our financial flexibility and liquidity to successfully fund our transformation, our ability to achieve cost savings initiatives, vendors' lack of willingness to do business with us or to provide acceptable payment terms or otherwise restricting financing to purchase inventory or services, our ability to effectively compete in a highly competitive retail industry, our ability to successfully implement our integrated retail strategy to transform our business into a member-centric retailer, our ability to successfully manage our inventory levels, initiatives to improve our liquidity through inventory management and other actions, the process being overseen by the Special Committee to explore the sale of the Sale Assets, and other statements that describe the Company's plans. Whenever used, words such as "will," "expect" and other terms of similar meaning are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements, including these, are based on the current beliefs and expectations of our management and are subject to significant risks, assumptions and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Company's control, that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Detailed descriptions of other risks relating to Sears Holdings are discussed in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. While we believe that our forecasts and assumptions are reasonable, we caution that actual results may differ materially. We intend the forward-looking statements to speak only as of the time made and do not undertake to update or revise them as more information becomes available, except as required by law.
Sears Holdings Corporation (NASDAQ: SHLD) is a leading integrated retailer focused on seamlessly connecting the digital and physical shopping experiences to serve our members - wherever, whenever and however they want to shop. Sears Holdings is home to Shop Your Way®, a social shopping platform offering members rewards for shopping at Sears and Kmart, as well as with other retail partners across categories important to them. The Company operates through its subsidiaries, including Sears, Roebuck and Co. and Kmart Corporation, with full-line and specialty retail stores across the United States. For more information, visit www.searsholdings.com.
Sears Holdings Corporation
Amounts are Preliminary and Subject to Change
13 Weeks Ended
millions, except per share data and percentages
May 5,
April 29,
Merchandise sales
Services and other
Cost of sales, buying and occupancy - merchandise sales
Gross margin dollars - merchandise sales
Gross margin rate - merchandise sales
Cost of sales and occupancy - services and other
Gross margin dollars - services and other
Gross margin rate - services and other
Total cost of sales, buying and occupancy
Total gross margin dollars
Total gross margin rate
Selling and administrative
Selling and administrative expense as a percentage of total revenues
Impairment charges
Gain on sales of assets
Total costs and expenses
Interest and investment income (loss)
Other loss
Income tax (expense) benefit
NET INCOME (LOSS) ATTRIBUTABLE TO HOLDINGS' SHAREHOLDERS
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO HOLDINGS' SHAREHOLDERS
Diluted earnings (loss) per share
Merchandise inventories
Property and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $2,357, $2,803 and $2,381)
Trade names and other intangible assets
Short-term borrowings
Current portion of long-term debt and capitalized lease obligations
Merchandise payables
Unearned revenues
Long-term debt and capitalized lease obligations
Pension and postretirement benefits
Deferred gain on sale-leaseback
Sale-leaseback financing obligation
Long-term deferred tax liabilities
Total Deficit
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND DEFICIT
Total common shares outstanding
Segment Results
13 Weeks Ended May 5, 2018
millions, except store data and percentages
Gross margin dollars
Gross margin rate
Operating loss
Number of:
Kmart Stores
Full-Line Stores
Total Stores
13 Weeks Ended April 29, 2017
Net income (loss) attributable to Holdings per statement of operations
Interest and investment (income) loss
Before excluded items
Closed store reserve and severance
Amortization of deferred Seritage gain
The 13-week period ended May 5, 2018 consisted of items associated with an insurance transaction and natural disasters, while the 13-week period ended April 29, 2017 consisted of transaction costs associated with strategic initiatives.
Operating income (loss) per statement of operations
% to revenues
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Escaping Erdogan’s Persecution, Turkish Refugees Take Shelter in Greece
Foreign AffairsIn-Depth
By Katja Lihtenvalner On Feb 27, 2018
Thousands of Turks who escaped a crackdown back at home try to build a new life in Greece. After entering the country by crossing the Maritsa river or the Aegean Sea on dinghy boats, many settle in refugee camps. The problem of Turkish asylum seekers has put additional pressure on already strained ties between two neighbors.
“The intense climate of polarization is established in Turkey today. It doesn’t allow us to breathe,” 40-year-old Ismail told Globe Post Turkey standing in a group of Turkish refugees in Athens.
According to Eurostat, last year alone almost 14,000 Turks applied for asylum in Europe.
Refugee relief organizations report that more than a thousand of Turkish citizens have sought asylum in Greece. The number increased after the failed coup attempt on July 15, 2016. Turkish authorities have suspended or dismissed more than 150,000 judges, teachers, police and civil servants in the post-coup crackdown on government opponents.
Refugee boats still come to the Greek shore in the East Aegean islands on a daily basis.
Turkish citizens are now joining Syrians, Iraqis, Afghans and others seeking for a safer life in Europe.
On Tuesday, a group of 17 Turkish citizens landed on the Aegean island of Oinousses seeking asylum. Local media reported that the group included teachers, judges, civil servants and six children, who fled Turkey for fear of political persecution.
From Persecution in Turkey to Greek Jails
Dark-haired Feyyaz, once a medical student in Turkey, came to Greece in October 2016.
“I was on the boat together with 120 refugees. When the boat started to sink, I called the port police for help,” Feyyaz recalled.
The rescue operation might have saved lives, but under suspicion that Feyyaz organized the trip, the young Kurd was put behind bars on the same day. He was charged with “human trafficking” and stayed in Greek prisons for another 13 months.
“In Turkey, you can easily be imprisoned and prosecuted without any proof, but I never believed this could happen also in Greece,” Feyyaz, who is a member of left-wing People’s Democracy Party (HDP), said.
During the post-coup era, the pro-Kurdish HDP has been facing a systematic crackdown with hundred of its members arrested.
While in Turkey, Feyyaz was also arrested and spent months in prison.
“My fear was, if arrested again, that this time it would not end good for me,” he explained his concern. This was the reason he decided to leave his family behind.
After pending more than one year in Greek prisons, Feyyaz’s case got some attention from local media. Greek left-wing political party Syriza called for a “fair trial.”
In November, Feyyaz was found innocent and released from prison. He is now a free man, hoping to find a way to continue his study in Greece.
“In prison, I met many refugees who are like me, falsely accused of being smugglers. Authorities show no interest in their stories,” Feyyaz said. He added that without the political and media fuss that followed his trial, his case would not be any different.
“When I was first prosecuted in Lesbos, the translator could not speak proper Turkish. Judge found me guilty and demanded my extradition to Turkey,” Feyyaz recalled. He appealed the verdict.
Drowning in EU Waters
In Turkey, more than 150,000 public servants have been suspended, sacked or detained on real or perceived links to coup plotters. More than 50,000 have been imprisoned pending trial.
Some 140,000 people in Turkey have had their passports canceled, according to a recent report by the main opposition party.
Turkish refugees try to enter neighboring Greece by crossing Aegean sea or Maritsa (Evros) river in eastern Greece. Last week, a mother with her two children – victims of the massive post-coup persecution – drowned as they attempted the journey.
Turkish refugees on the run from Erdogan’s persecution decide to illegally cross the border, as there is not much more left for them to do in Turkey, refugees in Athens told Globe Post Turkey.
Ismail, an author of a poetry book, who declared himself a pacifist, explained that there is no rule of law in Turkey at the moment.
“Not only that the government’s party totally controls all institutions within the state but also they prolong their power within the society through armed groups,” Ismail said.
Turkish refugees in Athens said they left good and stable lives in Turkey because most of them were threatened with imprisonment.
Describing her interactions, Margo Davidson, a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, who recently visited Turkish refugees in Greece, said: “I had many moments when I was in tears.”
Greece Doesn’t Want to Obey Ankara’s Demands
While the flow of refugees from Turkey to Greece increases evidently on a daily basis, the relationship between neighbors plunged into a state of dispute in past months.
“Turkey systematically violates international law and continuously crosses red lines. And, when called back to order, it complains and reacts as if it were detached from the reality,” Greek Foreign Ministry spokesman Alexandros Gennimatas said last week.
Turkish politicians prefer a much harder tone.
“If necessary we will invade and take over 18 Greek islands in the Aegean Sea,” the current leader of the main opposition Republican People’s Party (CHP), Kemal Kilicdaroglu, has said.
Soon after the coup attempt, Athens and Ankara clashed diplomatically over the fate of eight Turkish officers who used a military helicopter to flee to Greece.
The two countries locked in a diplomatic row after the Greek Supreme Court refused to extradite them back to Turkey citing the lack of fair trial in the country and incidents of rampant torture and mistreatment in prisons. When authorities granted asylum to one of the coup-plotting officers, Ankara was enraged.
To defuse tensions, the Greek government filed the decision of the asylum authorities with an upper commission for a review.
After months in Greece, Feyyaz and Ismail, both of whom had been political activists back in Turkey, expressed concerns regarding the future course of events and politics in their home country.
“Evil is organized in a way it has never been before,” they summed up.
AthenscrackdownErdoganGreecerefugee campsTurkey
Erdogan Welcomes Trade Deals With Algeria During Africa Tour
Turkey Blasts France, US Over Comments on Syrian Ceasefire
33 Turkish Soldiers Killed in Syria’s Idlib
Six Turks Killed by Syria Regime Shelling in Idlib, Ankara Says
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Select a news topic from the list below, then select a news article to read.
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Secretary Pompeo: “We really need the Chinese Government to open up.”
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has criticized the Chinese administration for failing to provide timely information about the new type of COVID-19 outbreak, saying the time would come when those responsible would be held to account.
Secretary Pompeo, in a statement to the German newspaper Bild, said, “The time will come for those responsible for paying the price,” in response to the question of whether China would be responsible for the global damage caused by the coronavirus. He said, “I’m certain that will happen. For now, we have to focus on our present duties to reignite the American and later the global economy in a systematic manner. However, the time for making accusations will come.”
Secretary Pompeo said that the COVID-19 virus, which was first seen in the Chinese city of Wuhan, had not been identified fast enough and added, “The Chinese Government, the Chinese Communist Party did not provide this information in a timely manner. This is extremely regrettable.”
“It will be very costly.”
Secretary Pompeo, who underlined that much discussion was needed on China’s responsibility for the coronavirus crisis on a global scale, said, “It is crucial to understand how the virus originated and where it originated from. We’ve seen the reports on the wildlife markets in China, providing details as to exactly where the virus originated from. The global economy had to be shut down. The shutting down of the economies is tragic and will be very costly. We need to make sure that no country will ever cause anything like this again.”
Secretary Pompeo also said, “There is one thing we know, and that is that the virus originated in Wuhan. And we know that the Wuhan Institute of Virology is just a few miles from the wildlife market. There are a lot of things that we need to find out. The U.S. government is working hard to understand what happened.”
67,000 Americans Ferried Back to the States
Secretary Pompeo said, “Our historic effort to repatriate Americans amid COVID19 reflects the dedication of an elite team that executes its goals with speed, brains, and heart. We’ve helped 60,000+ Americans and counting. We’ve sworn to serve them. That’s what we’ll continue to do.”
President Trump on China
President Trump stated at his press briefing: “We don’t have the most in the world’s deaths. The most in the world has to be China. It’s a massive country. It’s gone through a tremendous problem with this. A tremendous problem. And they must have the most. They’re doubling up on the numbers. And that’s only in Wuhan; they’re not talking about outside of Wuhan.”
President Trump also said a lot of people are looking into the origin of coronavirus. “They talk about a certain kind of bat, but that bat wasn’t in that area. If you can believe this, that’s what they’re down to now, are bats. But that bat is not in that area. That bat wasn’t sold at that wet zone. It wasn’t sold there. That bat is 40 miles away. So a lot of strange things are happening, but there is a lot of investigation going on and we’re going to find out,” President Trump said.
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NYC Mayor De Blasio: “We are taking serious precautions against the coronavirus.”
Restaurants, bars, movie theaters, concert halls, night clubs, and cafes are closed due to the coronavirus in New York, one of the most crowded cities in the world, and one that’s active 24 hours a day.
New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio said on Sunday that bars, cafes, and restaurants would only sell take-out food and continue to serve homes while banning spending more time in these venues.
De Blasio has also ordered night clubs, movie theaters, concert halls, and small theater halls to close, saying in a written statement:
“This isn’t a decision I make easily. These places are our City’s heart and soul. It’s part of being a New Yorker... However, our city is now facing an unprecedented threat, and we must act with wartime logic.”
The mayor published the notice on Monday, and over 50 thousand restaurants in New York closed starting today. According to the National Restaurant Association, the annual income of New York City restaurants is 51 billion dollars, employing over 800 thousand workers.
Shelves are empty in many markets in the U.S., schools in many states are closed, and there is a great risk of unemployment as many businesses close temporarily.
Latest update on Coronavirus
As of now,there are 463 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in New York City and 7 deaths. The NYC mayor stated in a statement that “we grieve with their families and loved ones.”
NYC'S Guidelines about COVID-19 : https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/imm/coronaviru…
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The July 15 Coup Attempt in Turkey: One Year On
THO and a distinguished panel of experts on July 13 for a new look at the July 15 coup attempt one year later and its ongoing impact on the U.S.-Turkey relationship as well as Turkey's regional outlook. Last year's failed coup attempt, carried out by a faction within the Turkish Armed Forces (TSK), took a considerable toll on the Turkish nation and created enormous domestic, regional, and international risks.
Comodo and e-Safer Certificate Division TrustCert Partner to Expand Cybersecurity Solutions in Brazil
CLIFTON, N.J., July 6, 2017 /PRNewswire/ -- Comodo, a global innovator and developer of cybersecurity solutions and the worldwide leader in digital certificates, and TrustCert, a Brazilian division of e-Safer specializing in TLS/SSL digital certificates, today announced a new partnership to provide Comodo digital certificates solutions and managed security services to the Brazilian market. The partnership supports Comodo's strategy to expand its reach into fast-growing global markets by establishing partnerships and enabling strategic relationships with local technology companies.
TrustCert is led by the same founders of e-Safer, one of the fastest growing information security companies in Brazil, and will be one of the first to offer Comodo's newest managed security service for websites and applications, Comodo cWatch Web, in the region.
"Monitoring and maintaining current security practices has become increasingly complex in Brazil," said William Bergamo, president of e-Safer and co-founder of TrustCert. "Our partnership with Comodo helps us solve this problem and deliver innovative new solutions, such as cWatch Web, so our customers can trust their businesses and protect against online threats."
Michael Fowler, president of Comodo CA, said, "Expanding Comodo's solutions in Brazil through TrustCert, with deep security background from its parent company e-Safer, will provide customers with advanced cybersecurity solutions from a local specialist. This is necessary in the environment and will further Brazil's internet safety overall. We are excited to collaborate with the TrustCert team and to strengthen its ability to provide PKI certificate management platforms, a full suite of PKI products, and managed security services that cater to businesses of all sizes."
Comodo solutions will be available through TrustCert in the summer of 2017 at http://www.trustcert.com.br/.
About Comodo
The Comodo organization is a global innovator of cybersecurity solutions, protecting critical information across the digital landscape. Building on its unique position as the world's largest certificate authority, Comodo authenticates, validates and secures networks and infrastructures from individuals to mid-sized companies to the world's largest enterprises. Comodo provides complete end-to-end security solutions across the boundary, internal network and endpoint with innovative technologies solving the most advanced malware threats, both known and unknown. With global headquarters in Clifton, New Jersey and branch offices in Silicon Valley, Comodo has international offices in China, India, the Philippines, Romania, Turkey, Ukraine and the United Kingdom. For more information, visit comodo.com.
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Connect with Comodo on LinkedIn at https://www.linkedin.com/company/comodo.
About e-Safer and TrustCert
e-Safer is a company specializing in information security and digital transformation solutions. Founded in 2012, it has experienced rapid growth and expansion of its activities throughout the Brazilian market. Within the focused and highly specialized work strategy, the founders of e-Safer created TrustCert, a company focused on TLS / SSL digital certificates, delivering a specialized reseller in guiding the customer to the best certificate for their profile and supporting them with highly specialized technical support. Through workshops and lectures on the subject, TrustCert seeks to raise awareness among all web users about the importance of using SSL and TLS.
Yildirim to Sell CMA CGM Stake as Plans to Buy Ports America
(Bloomberg) -- Yildirim Holding AS is seeking buyers for its stake in the world’s third-biggest container shipper as the family-owned Turkish company presses ahead with a plan to acquire Ports America Holdings Inc., a U.S. maritime-terminal operator. Yildirim mandated China Citic Bank Corp. to find investors from Asia or the Persian Gulf for its 24 percent interest in CMA CGM SA, Chairman Yuksel Yildirim said in an interview in Istanbul on Monday. Investment banks have valued the holding, which Yildirim bought for $600 million over a period spanning 2010 and 2011, at $2.5 billion to $3 billion based on recent deals in the industry, he said.
“We will either exit our investment completely or remain as an ordinary shareholder,” Yildirim said. A plan to sell the stake in the French company back to its majority owners failed in 2015, he said.
Yildirim is seeking a financial investor to join a bid by its Yilport Holding AS unit for Ports America as part of a plan to be among the 10 biggest container-terminal operators in the world by 2025, the chairman said. Ports America, the largest independent maritime terminal operator on the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coasts with 42 locations, is owned by Oaktree Capital Group’s private-equity unit, Highstar Capital.
Yilport, which has $1.7 billion including bank loans and equity to finance its share of the acquisition, is facing difficulties in finding a financial partner for the New Jersey-based operator, Yildirim said. Yilport operates 26 maritime terminals in Turkey, Portugal, Ecuador, Sweden and Malta, among others.
“Alliances and consolidations in the container-shipping industry in the past year have widened the difference between what buyers expect and what sellers are ready to pay,” reducing returns for financial investors, he said. Yilport has an exclusivity agreement signed in April with Oaktree that will expire at the end of July, and aims to complete the acquisition by the end of this year, Yildirim said.
Yildirim said he will also hold talks soon with six strategic investor groups in China to sell half of its stake in a $5 billion project to develop a coal mine, build a railway link and a port in Colombia after his Best Coal Co., a unit of Yilmaden Holding AS, bought the assets from CCX Carvao da Colombia SA in 2014.
Best Coal has a lifespan of about 35 years and the coal could be sold to buyers in Turkey, China, Taiwan, Japan and South Korea, he said. “We can even sell a majority stake to the investor if we get a good price for this project.”
A series of talks with private-equity firms including companies from the U.S., Europe and China to sell a minority stake at Yilport failed after potential investors adapted a “wait-and-see” policy toward Turkey because of political uncertainty in the country, Yildirim said. JPMorgan Chase & Co., which managed the process of negotiations, is still mandated should a “new window of opportunity opens up,” he said.
Yildirim Holding aims to achieve $2.2 billion of sales this year from $1.6 billion a year ago, while its earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization, or Ebitda, is expected to rise to $719 million from $465 million in 2016, Yildirim said. Yilport’s revenue is forecast to reach $650 million with Ebitda rising to $208 million this year from $560 million and $140 million, last year, he said.
Chobani Founder Launches Fund to Support Young Turkish Entrepreneurs
The Turkish-born businessman who established one of the most successful food businesses in the U.S. has set up a $5 million fund to support young Turkish entrepreneurs and start-ups for five years. Hamdi Ulukaya, the founder of U.S. yogurt brand Chobani, launched the Hamdi Ulukaya Initiative, known as HUG in Turkish, to give education and consulting support for 24 entrepreneur candidates and 12 start-up firms. Ulukaya moved from Ankara to the United States in 1994 where he transformed a shuttered factory into a flourishing yogurt company. Chobani now employs people in areas where jobs were formerly scarce, such as south-central Idaho and upstate New York.
"This initiative has a very special place for me because this time our aim is to make a difference in Turkey and realizing it through entrepreneurship," Ulukaya said in a statement.
Emphasizing that speaking English or a college degree was not required to participate in the program, Ulukaya said that they would rather ask candidates about their dreams or whether they had participated in social responsibility projects.
In its maiden year, the fund received applications from 3,330 entrepreneurs and 394 start-ups for the Entrepreneur Candidate Support Program and the Start-up Support Program. Winning applicants began business training in Istanbul, and during the three-week-long part in the U.S. that began Monday, they will attend workshops at Chobani facilities, seminars at the University of New York and visit several company and start-up headquarters. Start-ups will also be allowed to develop their own companies at the Chobani Incubation Center based in SoHo, New York.
Ulukaya added that since the time he founded Chobani, he has measured his commercial success with social benefits. Known for his philanthropy, last year Ulukaya gave 10 percent of his own stake in the company to its 2,000 employees. He also hired hundreds of refugees to work for the company and established the Tent Foundation, dedicated to improving the lives and livelihoods of the world's displaced people.
He was named among Time magazine's list of the 100 most influential people in 2017. The following six startup companies were chosen to receive support through the program:
Otsimo: A mobile platform that aims to provide free education for children with autism through various games based on applied behavioral analysis.
E-Bursum (E-Scholarship): An online platform that brings together students, companies and individual supporters to increase students' access to scholarships.
Reflect: A design company that aims to create sustainable clothing designed based on experiences of people in need.
AgriKey: The company uses biotechnology to produce special plant food and plant protection products to improve productivity.
Unibble: A food-technology start-up aiming to deliver natural and innovative snacks through a membership system.
Hamamlook LLC: A beachwear company that imports handmade textile products produced in Turkey.
Turkish Airlines off U.S. Laptop Ban List
Emirates and Turkish Airways said on Wednesday they have also been exempted from a U.S. ban on laptops in airplane cabins, joining Etihad in satisfying American security concerns that had cut into the long-haul carriers' business. It remains unclear how the airlines addressed fears that the Islamic State or other militant groups might smuggle explosives in electronic devices. But in Turkey, authorities now use CT scanners to take cross-section images of passengers' electronics just before they board airplanes heading to the U.S.
Both airlines alerted the Department of Homeland Security, which oversees airplane safety in the United States, that "they are ready to comply with the enhanced security measures," said David Lapan, a Homeland Security spokesman in Washington. He declined to discuss specifics.
"Protecting the American people and raising the global baseline on aviation security remains the top priority," Lapan said. "We will continue to closely observe operations in these airports to ensure these enhanced measures are implemented effectively and to the required levels." Emirates' hub at Dubai International Airport has grown into the world's busiest for international traffic, in large part thanks to Emirates' expansion.
On Wednesday, Emirates said in a statement that it had worked to "implement heightened security measures and protocols" to satisfy American requirements. It did not elaborate, following a similar precedent set by Abu Dhabi-based Etihad, which American officials cleared on Sunday.
"We would like to express our gratitude to the U.S. and local authorities for their support and thank our customers for their understanding and patience during the last few months when the ban was in place," Emirates said.
In Istanbul, Turkish Airlines tweeted that passengers aboard its U.S.-bound flights should "fasten your seatbelts and enjoy your own electronic devices." A statement from the airline said it had taken over 81,000 electronic devices away from passengers to store them in specially protected baggage during the 102 days the ban was in place.
The U.S. laptop ban, first announced in March as a security measure, now applies to nonstop U.S.-bound flights from seven international airports in Amman, Jordan; Kuwait City; Cairo; Jeddah and Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Casablanca, Morocco; and Doha, Qatar. In May, U.S. President Donald Trump shared highly classified intelligence with senior Russian officials visiting the White House about the Islamic State group wanting to use laptops to target aircraft.
Qatar Airways, the last of the three major Gulf long-haul carriers on the list, declined to answer questions Wednesday about the ban. That airline already has been blocked from much of its neighbors' airspace over an ongoing dispute with four Arab nations.
Speaking in London, Qatari Foreign Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani said that American TSA officials were "already in Doha."
"I think they arrived yesterday," Sheikh Mohammed told a crowd at Chatham House. "This is an ongoing process and I think irrelevant to the entire" political crisis.
Saudi Arabian Airlines has said it hopes to be off the ban list "on or before July 19."
There is a precedent for concern over laptops being used as bombs. Somalia's al-Qaida-linked al-Shabab said it planted a bomb inside a laptop-like device that exploded on a plane leaving Mogadishu in February 2016, killing only the bomber.
However, the security concerns also come amid a wider dispute between Gulf airlines and American carriers, which accuse the Middle East airlines of flooding the market with flights while receiving billions of dollars of unfair government subsidies. The Gulf carriers all vigorously deny that.
The laptop ban, coupled with the Trump administration's travel ban on six predominantly Muslim countries, has hurt Middle Eastern airlines. Emirates, the region's biggest, said it slashed 20 percent of its flights to America in the wake of the restrictions. The airline said Wednesday it now flies 103 flights a week to the U.S.
Associated Press writer Suzan Fraser in Ankara, Turkey, contributed to this report.
Turkey Pushes for Extradition of Controversial Poconos Cleric Fethullah Gulen
Robert Amsterdam, an attorney for the Turkish government, has filed suit against charter schools in the U.S. linked to Gulen. (Julie Carr Smyth/AP)
By Christopher Brennan, New York Daily News- The fight against ISIS could receive a major boost by plucking a 76-year-old man from his home in the Poconos. At least that
Gov. Brown Vetoes Parole for Killer of Turkey Consul General
Turkish NGOs Warn US Against Cooperating with FETO
Turkish groups on Tuesday published a full-page advertisement in the Washington Post newspaper urging U.S. President Donald Trump not to cooperate with terror groups. The open letter by the Turkish-American National Steering Committee (TASC), which represents nearly 150 nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) based in the U.S., emphasized the strengths of the Turkey-U.S. partnership in security and trade. The letter was published on the same day that President Trump hosted his Turkish counterpart President Recep Tayyip Erdo
Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Donald Trump Hold Talks
Meeting between Turkish and US leaders comes just days after Trump's decision to arm Kurdish YPG fighters in Syria. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has held talks on a range of bilateral issues at the White House with US President Donald Trump. The main two topics on Tuesday's agenda were Trump's decision to send weapons to Syrian Kurdish forces of YPG and Turkey's request for the extradition of Fethullah Gulen, a US-based Muslim leader.
Hafize Gaye Erkan Is Named President of First Republic Bank
SAN FRANCISCO--(BUSINESS WIRE)--First Republic Bank (NYSE:FRC), a leading private bank and wealth management company, today announced that its Board of Directors ratified the appointment of Hafize Gaye Erkan as President. As President, Erkan will work closely with all members of the executive management team in executing and further improving the Bank
Hande Meissner Is Elected President of IDEA
The Independent Distributors of Electronics Association (IDEA) announces the election of Board Officers for the 2016-2017 term. The Officers were elected by the IDEA Board of Trustees and began serving their terms earlier this month. Hande Meissner was elected President. Meissner has served on the Board of Directors since 2014 and is the Vice President of Operations of NexGen Digital, Inc., an IDEA Member since 2003. Hande also serves on numerous IDEA Committees and is providing leadership as Co-Chair for the creation of a new purchasing guidelines standard specific to the open market.
Daron Acemoglu Awarded Prestigious Carnegie Fellowships
MIT economist Daron Acemoglu and political scientists Richard Nielsen and Charles Stewart III have been named to the 2017 class of Andrew Carnegie Fellows, a prestigious honor supporting research in the social sciences and humanities. The MIT trio is among 35 scholars and intellectuals receiving the fellowships, which are awarded by the Carnegie Corporation of New York. Each fellow receives up to $200,000 to support a research sabbatical. Acemoglu, Nielsen, and Stewart are each pursuing long-term scholarly projects relating to political institutions, authority, and legitimacy. The three scholars discussed the nature of their ongoing research with MIT News, and shared their reactions to receiving the Carnegie fellowships.
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President Obama takes on policing in aftermath of Ferguson
By Justin Sink - 12/01/14 08:41 PM EST
President Obama on Monday kept the national debate firmly on Ferguson, Mo., as he took a series of steps that he said would rebuild trust between police officers and minority communities.
The president dedicated his entire public schedule to Ferguson, meeting with civil rights leaders, Cabinet officials and law enforcement officers after a long holiday weekend when the shooting had begun to slip from the headlines.
“This is a problem that is national,” Obama said. “It is a solvable problem, but it is one that unfortunately spikes but fades into background. What we need is a sustained conversation ... to move forward in a constructive fashion.”
Obama’s public events took place a week after a grand jury in Ferguson decided not to indict police officer Darren Wilson in the shooting of Michael Brown, triggering protests around the country. While the president has been careful not to take sides in the racially charged case, he made clear that he thinks changes at local police departments are needed.
For starters, Obama requested federal funding that could purchase 50,000 body-worn cameras for police officers, something the family of slain 18-year-old Brown has lobbied for.
The White House also moved to reform the way local police can get heavy-military-style weapons and equipment, implementing new policies and training requirements from law enforcement that acquires supplies from the Pentagon.
And Obama said he would create a new task force that will examine “how to promote effective crime reduction while building public trust,” in the words of a White House official. That panel will be led by Philadelphia Police Commissioner Charles Ramsey and former Assistant Attorney General Laurie Robinson.
For Obama, the flurry of activity served multiple purposes.
First, the White House hopes the moves will be seen as responsive to the sustained protests across the nation, and give credence to the president’s repeated insistence that he wants to meaningfully discuss “hard truths” about race in America.
The president has come under fire from some civil rights leaders for his approach to Ferguson, in which he’s stressed both the concerns of the protesters and the interests of the law enforcement community.
After meeting with civil rights leaders and elected officials on Monday, Obama spoke more personally, saying that hearing experiences of discrimination recounted by young people “violates my belief in what America can do.”
Many of the leaders on hand at the White House praised Obama for his willingness to delve into the race debate.
Marc Morial, president of the National Urban League, said the White House meeting was unlike anything he had ever seen.
“I have never participated in a gathering like the one that took place right now, where the president, the vice president, representatives of police organizations from around the country, mayors from cities across the country, and civil rights leaders sat at a table together with young leaders who have been on the front lines in places like Ferguson to have a candid, open, productive, substantive discussion about the issues facing the nation.”
Politically, the meeting also allowed the president to again drive the agenda.
Since his party was dealt devastating losses in last month’s midterm elections, Obama has worked hard to use executive action to maintain his relevance and influence.
The latest use of executive might includes the administration’s call for $263 million for cameras and training that would be used by the federal government to match up to 50 percent spending by state and local police departments on body-worn cameras and storage for the equipment.
The White House estimates that aspect of the program, which would cost $75 million, would help fund the purchase of 50,000 body-worn cameras.
The remainder of the money would be used to underwrite police training and outreach programs targeted at building trust between law enforcement and their communities.
The biggest change announced by Obama, however, could be a new effort overhauling how military-style equipment is distributed to police departments.
A review ordered by Obama shortly after protests gripped Ferguson in August found “a lack of consistency in how federal programs are structured, implemented and audited.”
The Ferguson Police Department deployed officers wearing gas masks, military fatigues, stun guns and rubber bullets during the initial protests.
Obama’s review found that five different federal departments disperse military-style equipment to state and local police departments, and that standards vary for evaluating the requests for equipment and for providing training.
The White House said that during its review, the administration found that many of the programs transferring military equipment to police forces “actually serve a very useful purpose.”
Press secretary Josh Earnest cited the response to the Boston Marathon bombing as one example.
“That was equipment that was properly used and was done in a way that would both protect the community but also protect the law enforcement officers that were responding to the situation,” Earnest said.
Still, Earnest said, there was a need for “much greater consistency in oversight of these programs, primarily in how these programs are structured, how they’re implemented and then how the programs themselves are audited.”
“That’s something that needs to be addressed,” he added.
During a conference call, White House officials repeatedly declined to weigh in on whether the administration supported legislation offered by Sen. Tom Coburn Thomas (Tom) Allen CoburnDemocrats step up hardball tactics in Supreme Court fight COVID response shows a way forward on private gun sale checks Inspector general independence must be a bipartisan priority in 2020 MORE (R-Okla.) that would block state and local police from receiving certain items like M16 rifles and mine-resistant ambush vehicles.
“Our assumption was Congress had an intent here to support local law enforcement with this kind of equipment,” a senior administration official said. “Our focus was on what kind of protections were in place to make sure that it’s used properly and safely.”
Separately, Attorney General Eric Holder Eric Himpton HolderWhy a special counsel is guaranteed if Biden chooses Yates, Cuomo or Jones as AG Joe Biden's continued 'Russian misinformation' defense of Hunter is conspiracy-level laughable Tyson fires 7 after probe into managers coronavirus betting MORE was headed to Atlanta on Monday for the first of a series of meetings designed to improve community trust in law enforcement.
White House officials, meanwhile, would not say whether there were any plans for Obama to travel to Ferguson in the coming days.
“The president indicated an openness to traveling to Ferguson, but no specific plans,” Earnest said.
But while civil rights groups are applauding Obama’s response, a presidential visit to Ferguson could inflame tensions with police departments and their advocates in Washington.
Jim Pasco, the executive director of the Fraternal Order of Police, was on hand for Monday’s meeting at the White House. He said his group does not “object to camera use per se,” but that “critical to the appropriate use of cameras” was collectively bargained agreements on when and how they would be used.
“Almost the easiest thing in the whole process is buying the cameras,” he said.
And despite earlier criticism of the president’s handling of Ferguson — in August, Pasco said it was “not helpful” for Obama to comment during his Martha’s Vineyard vacation — Pasco called Monday’s meeting a “good first step.”
“There was a general difference in perspective between some minority communities and some police departments, but that’s the kind of thing that is to be discussed in a dialogue going forward,” he said.
Tags Ferguson Eric Holder Tom Coburn
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The Inside Edge
~ musings of a cricketer
Tag Archives: Double Century
The 2015 World Cup: Review
Posted by niralihathi in Uncategorized
Australia, bangladesh, Centurion, Cricket, cwcfinal, Double Century, England, Eoin Morgan, India, New Zealand, ODI, South Africa, West Indies, WorldCup2015
Though the 2015 World Cup has come to a close, it will be remembered for a long time. It was a tournament of hope and belief. Ireland almost reached the knock-outs, South Africa broke their World Cup jinx and India burst through their summer slump with flying colours. It was also a tournament of tumbling records and unimaginable performances, from Kumar Sangakkara’s four consecutive tonnes to Martin Guptill’s incredible 237 against the West Indies.
Had the ICC removed the associate nations this year it would have been a very different tournament. Some of the most thrilling games were between the smaller nations. Turnout might not have been what it was at India v South Africa but for true cricketing fanatics they were some of the most exhilarating matches. Ireland and the UAE fought tooth and nail until the very end and Afghanistan’s Samiullah Shenwari rallied the lower order to beat Scotland by one wicket. Not only did the associates test each other, they challenged the top nations. Afghanistan gave Sri Lanka a run for their money and only a classy century from Mahela Jayawardena helped Sri Lanka pull through. Scotland gave New Zealand a big scare as they picked off seven wickets defending 142 and Ireland chased down a massive 304 against the West Indies. It was a huge step towards breaking down barriers between the test playing nations and the associate members.
The pinnacle of the group stage matches however was between the two host nations Australia and New Zealand. It was not about the chase. It was not about the batsmen. It was the bowlers that stole the show. Something all too rare in modern one day cricket. The entire match lasted the length of one innings. 80-1 was a great start for Australia but it was a collapse from there as the next eight wickets fell for 26 runs. Australia reached a mere total of 151 with Trent Boult picking off five wickets. However an astounding bowling performance from Mitchell Starc brought the game down to the last wicket.
This World Cup will be remembered for more than just nail-biting games. It will be remembered as the year of triumph for many teams. For Bangladesh it was beating England to make it to their first quarter-final. For South Africa it was winning their first knock-out game and for New Zealand it was making it to their first World Cup final. Bangladesh.
Though England had lost to Australia New Zealand and Sri Lanka, it was never expected that they would not qualify for the knock-outs. They had been going through a rough phase in all forms of cricket but in particular, ODI cricket. Eoin Morgan was only handed the captaincy just before the start of the tournament. However unlike Jason Holder who led the West Indies from the front, Morgan was unable to marshal his troops. Nevertheless Bangladesh deserve full credit for the win. They were a young a passionate team and they showed that heart and belief can breed dreams.
The quarter-finals brought out some phenomenal cricket. It was almost clear which teams would pull through the games but that didn’t make it in any way dull. Martin Guptill scored the highest individual score as he racked up 200+ runs alone within 50 overs. Wahab Riaz put on one of the most phenomenal bowling spells in history. It was possibly the most captivating 10 minutes of the World Cup until Rahat Ali dropped that pivotal catch.
The game of the tournament was not the final. The final was in fact it was a fairly anti-climactic end to the spectacular tournament as Australia bowled out New Zealand for 183 and chased it down with seven wickets to spare. It was the first semi-final that upstaged both the other semi-final the final itself. The game between New Zealand and South Africa reminded the world exactly why it loves cricket. It was an unbelievable performance with both teams pouring their hearts into the game. It was one of the most captivating games of cricket where the game went down to the second last ball of the final over. For cricket lovers there was a small hope for a Hunger Games finish where both teams could pull through together. However it was New Zealand with the help of Grant Elliot that made it through to their first final. It was a beautiful end to the game as Elliot gave a hand to help a broken Dale Steyn up off the ground.
Australia won the 2015 World Cup to make it their fifth ever title. They initially had a choppy start as their team changed on one too many occasions. However they pulled together as a unit just at the right time to beat Pakistan, thrash India and swoop in to claim the cup.
143 run win gives New Zealand a spot in the Semi-finals
237, Cricket, cwc2015, Double Century, ICC, Martin Guptill, New Zealand, quarterfinal, West Indies, WorldCup2015
The spectators at the Wellington Regional were given the show of a lifetime. It was the fourth quarter-final, New Zealand vs. West Indies. It was never going to be a dull match, not with the likes of Chris Gayle and Bredon McCullum playing.
It was however Martin Guptill who made the day so memorable. It was Martin Guptil who smashed the highest individual World Cup score to score an unbelievable 237 runs from 163 balls. He led New Zealand to a record breaking knock-out game score of 393-6 and got them a place in the semi-finals against South Africa. Guptill’s innings began steadily with some beautiful strokes, he was playing the perfect anchoring innings. That however changed once Guptil reached his 100 from 111 balls. He used 23 balls to reach his 150 and only 18 to reach his 200. He then smashed his final 37 from 11 balls. It was an unbelievable innings of incredible power. 24 fours and 11 sixes came from the man who was making the Wellington ground look smaller than a tennis court. It didn’t matter what the other batsmen were doing all eyes were on Guptill even when he was at the non-strikers end.
The West Indies came out to bat and to their credit they gave it everything. They came out all guns blazing and made New Zealand sweat. As always the West Indies team dealt in boundaries. Chris Gayle who had injured his back could barely run looked his normal self as he slammed eight sixes and two fours to score 61. Marlon Samuels, Jonathan Carter and all of the lower order joined in on the boundary action to keep the West Indies going at a run rate of 8.19 an over. The West Indies captain Jason Holder smashed 42 off 26 balls and it was 31 overs of pure entertainment for the Wellington crowd.
West Indies fell 143 runs short of their imposing target but they could hold their heads up they had given it a real shot. They had a lot to take away from the 2015 World Cup tournament, including the possibility of a new rule to not play against South Africa so long as AB de Villiers remains in the team.
A literal one-man show… Rohit Sharma beats Sri Lanka by 13 runs.
#Rohit200, 264, Cricket, Double Century, India, INDvSL, ODI, Rohit Sharma, Sri Lanka
Rohit Sharma smashed through two incredible records yesterday. He scored a record-breaking 264 runs in the fourth ODI against Sri Lanka (45 more than the previous record holder Virender Sehwag) and became the first cricketer to score two double centuries in ODIs.
It was an incredible day for India but more specifically, for Rohit Sharma. India had already won the series against Sri Lanka with two games to play and so decided to give all their players a chance. Sharma who was coming back from Injury had only played in the warm-up game but had scored 142 and was looking as great as ever. Sharma along with Robin Uthappa, Stuart Binny and Karn Sharma all played to allow some of the other players to rest and recover, including the in form Shikhar Dhawan who had scored a fantastic 283 runs in his three innings.
India won the toss and elected to bat first, Sharma looked uncomfortable to begin with, he only scored 11 runs of the first 40 with Ajinkya Rahane in full flow hitting boundaries every over. Sharma faced a maiden over from Angelo Matthews, was dropped by Thisara Perera (the most costly drop in ODI cricket) on four runs, and scored his 50 at less than a run a ball.
However from then on, it was as though he was a new man, there was no stopping him. He didn’t give the Sri Lankans another chance until he went past 200, his second, third and fourth 50 came from 28, 25 and 26 balls respectively and his final 50 came off just a mere 15. Sharma hit 33 fours (another record) in his innings, he placed the ball so beautifully that the Sri Lankan fielders didn’t have a chance. Sharma played 39 dot balls to reach his first 50 but only 19 in the rest of his entire innings. There was little to say about the other batsmen when one man amasses a score that is higher than the average ODI innings these past 10 years. However, Virat Kohli was run out again just as he was when Sharma scored his first double century against Australia. (Are we going to start hoping Kohli gets run out more often when he’s batting with Sharma?)
Sri Lanka’s batsmen faced an incredible total of 404. Their bowlers had given them very little chance of winning the game and bar the wonderful efforts of Mahela Jayawardena and the admirable grit of Angelo Matthews, their batting was in no shape to be chasing such a total. Sri Lanka fell 153 runs short of India’s total, 13 runs short of Rohit Sharma’s total.
#Rohit200
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Watch BlackBerry’s CEO struggle to use his company’s Android phone
by Ben Woods — in Insider
I like John Chen, BlackBerry’s current CEO.
When I met him at Mobile World Congress, he came across as an engaging, smart man with a personality, and that’s not always a given in a CEO. His approach was certainly a welcome departure from former CEO Thorsten Heins.
However, I can only feel for the man after watching him show off the upcoming BlackBerry Priv to Business News Network.
Firstly, the interviewer jumps to the most interesting feature on the phone – its sliding keyboard – but Chen wants to save that for last.
Then he says that it “runs Google” and tries to to open a browser. Tries being the operative word. How many times did you have to hit the Chrome icon to get a browser to open, John? And when it did open, it wasn’t set up and ready to go, making it literally just a demo in how unresponsive the screen may sometimes be.
Then Chen tries to swipe up from the middle of the screen to navigate – a BlackBerry 10 gesture, so it’s fair enough that it’s ingrained in him, but it does leave him looking like he doesn’t really know how to get around Android devices, which is strange for a man heading a company that’s now making one.
But perhaps the saddest part of all is the way he delivers the line “I think everybody loves BlackBerry 10, I really do, but there’s not enough apps.” That whole section is delivered by a man who has had to accept that there’s no coming back from the app gap, and therefore has had to turn to a rival operating system for its products.
Of course, this is a demo unit being shown off with likely pre-production hardware and software – I’d be genuinely surprised to see it hit the market with a display that unresponsive – but when the world is waiting to see what BlackBerry’s first Android will be like, this awkward video probably isn’t going to make the best first impression.
Read next: Last chance to name your price for the Web Hacker Bundle!
AndroidBlackberryGear
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The Point KYE
The Point-Know Your Enemy
Mastermind of Benghazi Terror Attacks First to Face Justice
October 10, 2017 October 10, 2017 / TRC / Leave a comment
Overshadowed last week by the shooting incident in Las Vegas, a jury heard testimony amidst tight security in a courtroom of the E. Barrett Prettyman Federal Courthouse located in Washington, D.C. Ahmad Salim Farat Abu Khatallah, the mastermind of the attacks on the American Mission and Annex in Benghazi, Libya sat and listened to testimony about his role in these attacks of September 11-12, 2012. Until his capture, Khatallah had been hiding in plain sight in Libya, giving interviews and drinking strawberry frappes until justice caught up with him.
His Benghazi attacks led to the deaths of four Americans including U.S. Ambassador Christopher Hill, Communications Expert Sean Smith and two former Navy Seals Tyrone Woods and Glen Doherty. Less anyone forget, there were other American heroes who fought to protect themselves and other Americans in Benghazi. Not everyone has the courage these individuals displayed and their deeds in Benghazi are legendary. Last week, one of the most poignant moments of testimony was when Diplomatic Security Special Agent Scott Wickland testified his last words to Ambassador Hill were “When I die, you need to pick up my gun and keep fighting.”
The attack on the temporary Mission complex were coordinated by Khatallah. Weapons, logistics, intelligence as well as personnel to carryout the attacks were required. Ambassador Hill was the first diplomat to be killed on the job since 1979. After attacking and setting fire to the Mission Complex the attackers turned their attention to the Annex. After obtaining a map from the Mission Complex of the Annex with geographic coordinates Khatallah used this intelligence to have his followers deliver a precision mortar attack on the Annex killing former Navy Seals Tyrone Woods and Glen Doherty.
Khatallah though he was untouchable in Libya until a small element of the elite U.S. Delta Force seized Al-Qaeda terrorist Nazih Abdul-Hamed al-Raqai. Better known by his kunya Abu Anas al-Libi like so many terrorists thought that justice would never come. Al-Libi, was seized on October 5, 2013, in his vehicle in front of his residence after returning from morning prayer in Tripoli. Al-Libi was bundled away in a white van before being moved to a US warship off the coast of Libya. Al-Libi was involved in the 1998 bombings of the U.S. Embassies in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, and Nairobi, Kenya. Al-Libi was taken from Tripoli to the USS San Antonio where he was interrogated for intelligence before being brought to the US for trial. The seizure and interrogation of Abu Anas al-Libi provided intelligence which if he was targeted and killed would perish with him. Al-Libi died of complication from a liver transplant before his trial. Al-Libi was taken without firing a shot in an operation that was as spectacular as any Tom Clancy or John Le Carre novel. After Al-Libi was seized Khatallah became more careful. But that did not mean justice wouldn’t come for him.
On June 15, 2014, Delta Force operatives were able to use deception to seize Khatallah. He was cuffed, gagged, hooded, and moved by small boats to the USS New York off the Libyan coast. The USS New York was made with recycled steel from the World Trade Center and should serve as a reminder that the United States has a long memory when it comes to terrorist attacks. Khatallah was taken to his cell onboard the warship and then interrogated by intelligence officials. After the intelligence question of this terrorist, there was a brief pause of two days before he was questioned by FBI Agents. The FBI Agents advised Khatallah of his Miranda rights before questioning him. Khatallah’s defense team sought to have all his statements suppressed but the Judge found that his statements had been given to the FBI Agents voluntarily. Khatallah’s own words during his interview with FBI Agents say it all, “I didn’t do all this by myself. Others were involved and helped me.”
This next week we can expect to hear more about the horrific act of terrorism directed by Khatallah in a courtroom where justice will prevail. But Khatallah is just one suspect involved, even if he was the mastermind of the attacks that night in Benghazi. The CCTV photos captured on the evening of the attack clearly show 19 others who are still wanted for their roles in this terror attack. As one can see in the stills, the vast majority are clearly carrying weapons and justice still awaits them.
Patience is a trait I have never mastered. While we still wait for justice for those Al-Qaeda terrorists held in Guantanamo, maybe the trial of one terrorist from Libya will give others the fortitude to move just a tad faster. The words of a brilliant poet during the times of Caesar Augustus, Quintus Horatius Flaccus, better known as Horace gives some comfort. Horace stated “Justice, though moving with tardy pace, has seldom failed to overtake the wicked in their flight.”
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Caribbean Consumer Trends Culture Destinations Tourism Industry Travel Agent
While the majority of American’s might have never heard of it, this quant small island in the Dutch Carrbean is making a comeback and seeing an increase in tourism. Already well-known by divers, Caribbean vacationers who are looking for something a bit off beat-and-track are finding St. Eustatius a haven for luxury.
Conveniently located between St. Kitts and St. Maarten, this idyllic 8-mile stretch of island paradise is the perfect place for those seeking a less tourist-trap location.
This peaceful island escape speaks mostly English, though many locals also speak Dutch, as it is the official language. The standard currency is the U.S. dollar and the airport is named “F.D. Roosevelt,” after the United States’ 32nd president.
Locals on Statia, as the island is known to its 3,200 residents, celebrate a kinship with the U.S. dating to the 18th century, when St. Eustatius was home to the Caribbean’s busiest and most prosperous trading port. The colonies purchased ammunition and supplies here during the American Revolution, owing to the port’s neutral status, and, with an 11-gun salute to the USS Andrew Doria in November 1776, St. Eustatius offered the first international recognition of the newly-chartered United States.
More than a century and a half later, in 1939, FDR traveled to St. Eustatius to deliver a brass plaque commemorating the gesture, which now hangs among the ramparts and canons at Fort Oranje in the capital of Oranjestad.
Today, Statia has the feel of a land that time forgot. The British, none too happy with local leadership’s chummy relations with the United States, ransacked the place in 1781; an earthquake followed some years later. Collectively, these events ended Statia’s run as a commerce capital.
The 18th-century brick warehouses which once housed the riches of the Dutch West India Company still exist as lonely, wave-battered ruins, lining the shore of Oranjestad’s quiet Lower Town area, reminders of a heyday that earned the island its nickname “The Golden Rock.” Other remnants have been reclaimed by the sea—one reason why St. Eustatius has developed a fervent following in the international diving community.
Unlike most of its Caribbean neighbors, tourism has never been a significant factor in St. Eustatius’ economy. The Dutch government is the largest employer, and U.S. firm NuStar Energy operates a 13-million-barrel oil terminal on the island, circled at all times by tankers awaiting cargo. However, changes are afoot. Holland recently took control of the local government from local leaders, and tourism is likely to play a major role in shaping its future.
The island currently has about 85 hotel rooms, 25 of which have opened in the last three years. The Dutch owners of Knippenga Estate, a posh villa complex in the island’s secluded southwest, recently broke ground on Petit Guyeau, a 40-room hotel expected to open in 2020, boosting the number of keys on Statia by nearly a third.
This year, the modern, eight-room Oranje Bay Hotel opened steps from the island’s three dive shops and Lower Town’s colonial ruins. The operators of The Old Gin House, St. Eustatius’ oldest and best-known lodge—and presently its largest, with 20 rooms—are also eyeing expansion opportunities.
The island’s tourism office, known as the St. Eustatius Tourism Development Foundation, sees an opportunity to position itself as a niche player in the fast-growing, $563 billion wellness travel sector. “Embracing Environmental Health and Wellness” was the focus of St. Eustatius’ annual sustainable tourism conference held in September.
“I believe we have what it takes,” said Charles Lindo, St. Eustatius’ director of tourism. “The first thing we have to start pushing is the tranquility envelope. Come to Statia and unplug. The Internet is here—fast Internet, too—but we prefer you come and unplug.”
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Wellness tourism represents “a big opportunity” for St. Eustatius said Sallie Fraenkel, founder and director of the Mind Body Spirit Network, a New York-based wellness travel consulting firm. “Natural resources here are so deep,” Fraenkel said. “You have an amazing antidote to stress being through the roof.”
For a small place—Oranjestad is not only the capital, it’s the island’s only town—Statia boasts a variety of invigorating activities, including 36 dive sites and more than a dozen hiking trails. One headline attraction is The Quill, the dormant, 2,000-foot volcano which lords over the island’s southern half.
From “town,” the summit can be easily reached in under an hour; you’ll want to allow another two hours, however, to explore The Quill’s inner crater, which is home to a spectacular tropical rainforest. The island also holds appeal for birdwatchers, with 32 native species.
“What’s unique is that it’s easy to walk to the birds,” Lindo says. “It’s not a big island where you have to plan to travel to a sanctuary. Having so many species on a little island like this, on any given day, I can see eight to 10 species in my yard.” Three endangered sea turtle species—the leatherback, the green turtle, and the hawksbill—are known to nest on the island and make themselves known to divers.
St. Eustatius can also claim more protected historical monuments per square mile than any other Caribbean island: 119 in total. In Oranjestad’s downtown—“Upper Town”—the remnants of Honen Dalim, the second-oldest Jewish synagogue in the New World, are steps from the recently-restored Fort Oranje, with its stunning overlook of the Caribbean. Two quaint museums, the Berkel Family Plantation and the Simon Docker House, preserve earlier eras of Statian life.
Diving accounts for the majority of the island’s tourist arrivals, which last year numbered about 10,500. Caradonna Adventures, a Longwood, Fla.-based agency specializing in adventure travel, offers seven-night dive packages to St. Eustatius from $1,059 per person.
The island’s entire coastline is under the jurisdiction of St. Eustatius National Parks, known as STENAPA, which enforces stringent rules designed to protect the marine habitat.
Divers can explore more than a dozen shipwrecks in Oranje Bay, many hiding treasures of antique glass, porcelain and other relics like the “blue beads” that once served as currency for the island’s slaves. But they can’t do it alone—the presence of a licensed local instructor is required on all dives.
St. Eustatius’ understandably limited dining scene has also seen some encouraging additions. Whale Tails, a sleekly-designed restaurant at Knippenga Estate, recently opened to rave reviews. On the last Thursday of every month, the stalls outside Mike Van Putten Youth Centre are the site of Taste of the Islands, an international smorgasbord which highlights the surprising diversity of Statia’s populace.
Recent editions have featured vendors serving dishes from Suriname, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, the Dominican Republic, St. Maarten, Portugal, China and Colombia as well as Statia itself, with all meals going for five bucks.
The barrier blocking St. Eustatius’ tourism sector from further growth is accessibility. At present, the island is serviced by one commercial airline, WinAir. All connections are routed through St. Maarten.
Most tourist arrivals to Statia are from Europe. However, the island has seen a modest increase in visitors from North America over the last three years, Lindo says. For now, that’s just fine. “We don’t want mass tourism anyway. We want to keep it nice and quaint: The Caribbean’s hidden treasure.”
To book either group tours or private excursions, we highly recommend working with either Intrepid Travel or G Adventures. Both can provide family experiences, unique tours, or couple adventures.
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The Hua Tou (話頭) Method.
11/04/2012 Adrian Chan-Wyles (PhD) - Political Commissar Buddhism Leave a comment
The hua tou method is an effective spiritual technique designed to induce in the Ch’an practitioner nothing short than the experience of complete enlightenment itself. As a distinct method, it probably has its origins within the Surangama Sutra which was translated into Chinese in 705 CE[1]. The key phrase found within this sutra is spoken by the bodhisattva Avalokitesvara (Guan Yin):
‘At first by directing the hearing (ear) into the stream (Of meditation) this organ from its object was detached.
By wiping out (the concept of) both sound and stream entry,
Both disturbance and stillness, Were clearly non-existent.
Thus advancing step by step,
Both hearing and its object ceased;
But I did not stay where they ended.’[2]
Many Western sources, (following the lead of many of their Chinese scholarly counter-parts), attribute either the founding of the hua tou method, or its development, to the Song Dynasty Ch’an master Dahui Zonggao (大慧宗杲 1089–1163), who is famous for his Ch’an letter writing tradition, and made extensive use of a combined gong-an – hua tou method.[3] The attributing of a unique and distinct position for Dahui with regard to the hua tou method is, however, problematic. Morten Schlutter, for instance, makes the following poignant observations with regard to Dahui, and the unique attributes ascribed to him with regard the hua tou method, often referred to as ‘kan hua’ (看話 – ‘look word’) when discussing Dahui:
‘Dahui’s name is inextricably connected to what has come to be known as kanhua Chan, literally “Chan of observing the key phrase,” although Dahui himself did not give it a name. This approach to Chan practice involves focusing intensely on the crucial phrase, or “punch line” (the huatou), of a gongan. Kanhua practice has therefore often been referred to as “gongan (or koan) introspection by Westerner writers. As discussed in Chapter 1, gongan are highly enigmatic and frequently startling or even shocking stories about legendary Chan masters’ interactions with disciples and other interlocutors, usually taken from the records of “encounter dialogues” found in the transmission histories. Encounter dialogue, with its disruptive language and seeming non sequiturs, has come to be considered the hallmark of Chan literature (although, in fact, Chan literature includes a wide range of different genres and styles of writing).[4]
Schlutter ascribes two important footnotes to the above paragraph that are worth quoting in their entirety:
’27. In a discussion of Dahui’s use of the gongan, Robert Buswell writes that Dahui “called this new approach to meditation kan-hua Chan.” “Short-Cut Approach,” 347. However, Dahui never used the term “kanhua Chan” and did not present his use of the gongan in meditation as an innovation, although it clearly was. In fact, the term “kanhua Chan” cannot be found in any premodern work, and it seems to have been first coined by Japanese researchers.
28. The word “huatou” seems often, both before and after Dahui, to have been used synonymous with gongan, although Dahui himself clearly distinguished the two.’[5]
These facts demonstrate that master Dahui did not refer to his own enlightening method as either a ‘hua tou’, or indeed a ‘kan hua’, and did not view what he was doing as some thing ‘new’ and ‘original’. In fact, the impression one gets from Dahui is that he is following an older tradition that has been forgotten by those around him. For instance, this is how Dahui explains meditation to Fu Li-shen:
‘Both torpor and excitation were condemned by the former sages. When sitting quietly, as soon as you feel the presence of either of these two diseases, just bring up the saying, “A dog has no Buddha-nature.” Don’t exert effort to push away these two kinds of disease – just be peaceful and still right there. Over a long time, as you become aware of saving power, this is the place where you gain power. Nor do you have to engage in quiet meditation – this itself is meditation.’[6]
Certainly this would be true, if the date of the presence of the Surangama Sutra (705 CE) is taken into account. Even if it were not, the fact still remains that the gong-an and hua tou methods were existent and in use prior to Dahui’s life-time. Scholars such as Stuart Lachs, for instance, acknowledge that Dahui did not invent the hua tou, but nevertheless continues the trend of the ascription of ‘specialness’ to Dahui’s enlightening method, in this instance, the formulating of a distinct Ch’an methodology for the Ch’an School.[7] Despite the obvious collection of reliable academic information, neither Schlutter, Buswell, nor Lachs mention the Surangama Sutra in their respective analysis of the development of the hua tou method. Master Xu Yun (1840-1959), in his Dharma Discourse delivered at the Jade Buddha Monastery in 1953/54, does not mention master Dahui, but explains that it was in fact the Pure Land School that first utilised this method (and not the Ch’an School).[8] The Pure Land practitioners chanted the Buddha’s name continuously, but the Pure Land masters noticed that the repeating was shallow and ineffective. To remedy this, (and presumably following Avalokitesvara’s advice found in the Surangama Sutra), the Pure Land practitioners were encouraged to question ‘Who is repeating the Buddha’s name?’ Master Xu Yun states that the Ch’an School had also adopted this method due to changing times, so that the effects of dull karmic roots and excessive sensory stimulation of the modern era could be over-come through spiritual training. This method was used to augment the Ch’an practice of the reliance upon enlightened exchanges – known as ‘gong-an’ – between masters and students.[9] In this respect, master Xu Yun advocated the use of both the gong-an and the hua-tou method. The gong-an is a recorded conversation between a Ch’an master and a student. It is not just any old interaction, but one pregnant with significant meaning. Indeed, such is the importance of the spiritual import that merely encountering the recorded words of its detail is enough to illicit a breakthrough, beyond the surface clutter of the mind. In Chinese Ch’an, the gong-an practice consists of a direct encountering with the Mind Ground, without the cultural formality usually associated with the Japanese Zen/Ch’an tradition. The words of the gong-an, although embodying the spiritual content, are, nevertheless quite irrelevant to the experience they enable, and should be dropped as soon as they are picked up. The hua tou method, by comparison, is a method that focuses the mind firmly within, and away from the confusion of the senses and sense data. Like a psychic drill, it uses a concerted ‘will’ through asking a question that begins with the word ‘who’? Any sentence will do, as long as the question is permanently held firmly in the mind. Xu Yun is known to have used the hua tou ‘Who is dragging this corpse around?’, whilst master Han Shan used the hua tou ‘Who is hearing?’ The hua tou method follows the technical advice given by Guan Yin (i.e. ‘Avalokitesvara bodhisattva’), and found within the Surangama Sutra. Essentially this states that by focusing upon the organ of the ear, and turning the function of hearing back to its empty (sunyata) source, the state of enlightenment can be achieved. If the mind, whilst turning back toward its essence, starts discriminating and thinking ‘away’ from this objective, the method of the hua-tou (word-head) is lost, and instead has been supplanted by the error of hua-wei (word-end), whereby the discriminating mind has triumphed over the meditative method and has become entwined in the tails of words, as if swinging from one to the other, with no spiritual benefit. It should be noted, however, that the early Ch’an practitioners did not need the gong-an or hua-tou methods. Merely being shown the mind essence through a word or action was enough for the master to reveal the Mind Ground and for the student to instantaneously perceive directly, (indeed, it is these stories that form the basis for the many gong-an collections that exist) without recourse to any intermediate device, but as times changed, the masters found that students often required some kind of expedient method to assist the transformative process.
To understand the hua tou method, it is important to understand the Chinese ideograms that comprise the concept:
The ‘話頭’ (hua tou): 話 (hua4) is written to designate the spoken word, as in a speech or conversation, here it carries the meaning of ‘word’. 頭 (tou2) denotes a chief or instigator of plans or rituals. It refers here to ‘head’, or ‘top’, but is used in this context to refer to the ‘originator’.
Therefore, 話頭 (hua-tou) refers to the practice of realising the origin or empty essence of thought, as it manifests in the mind as ‘words’. The error of falling into ‘word-end’ contemplation is a common failing, and involves the mind simply following the deluded, internal chatter:
The ‘word-end’ 話尾 (hua wei): 話 (hua4) is written to designate the spoken word, as in a speech or conversation, here it carries the meaning of ‘word’. 尾 (wei3) is written as a sitting person with long hair down the back – which resembles a ‘tail’. Therefore, 話尾 (hua-wei) refers to the essence of the thought being lost, when this happens, all that is left is its inconsequential ‘tail’.
Master Xu Yun explains that above the doorway of every Ch’an meditation hall are written the words ‘照顧話頭!’ – or ‘Zhao gu hua-tou’![10]
In pinyin ‘照’ (Zhao4) is written as a fire that spreads light. It carries the meaning of ‘to look at’ with ‘care and attention’. ‘顧’ (Gu4) refers to ‘gazing’ or ‘looking’ at something and is written to represent a human head. Therefore the Chinese term Zhao gu – in this context refers to the act of turning the mind’s eye inward and in the process shedding light on the workings of the mind.
Through holding the hua tou, and caring for it appropriately, the light of wisdom (prajna) will appear, and the Mind Ground will be fully realised without error or hindrance, here and now. Although the Chinese term ‘hua tou’ (word head) seems esoteric due to the word structure used in translation, it is really quite a practical technique. This technique integrates both vipassana and samatha into one concentrated technique – in this regard it does not go beyond the Buddha’s teachings upon meditation. Of course, in its assessment many forget the corresponding notion of ‘hua wei’, or ‘word tail’. The hua tou turns the mind (as a sense organ) back upon itself so that with repeated enquiry, the mind’s essence is realised. All the sense organs, regardless of their distinctive sensory function, emerge from exactly the same ‘empty’ (sunya) base, and therefore the return of one sense to its base is the automatic return of all senses to the original base. It is the deep questioning of the word ‘Who?’ that is the most important factor – Who is hearing?, Who is writing?, Who is dragging this body around?, etc. It is the enquiry that is the hua tou, rather than the content of its structure. Whatever hua tou is used, the focusing of the mind upon the question brings the thoughts into one single stream, from their previously scattered condition. Then all the thoughts, as they emerge from the empty base – regardless of their nature and content become immediately transformed and channelled into the hua tou. Therefore it is true to say that good, neutral and bad thoughts are immediately incorporated into the spiritual struggle without exception or exclusion. In this state the mind experiences a sense of ‘oneness’, or ‘togetherness’, as opposed to its usual disparate and scattered nature. This is the beginning level. Further dedicated enquiry continues to gather and transform emerging thought regardless of its nature until the ‘gap’ between each thought is clearly perceived. This ‘gap’ manifests as a type of void – albeit relative, and two dimensional. This void can be entered and left at will during meditation practice – but it is only the head that is empty, as all the thoughts and thought streams have ceased due to the perception of the ‘gap’ between the thoughts. It is a marvellous time of mental peace and quietitude and although ranking the immutable is impossible, this stage may be described as ‘intermediate’. A further period of training is required. The Ch’an teacher assists this process by engaging the intellect of the student so that it is continuously stimulated in away that returns it to its essence. The student assists this process through the self-study of hua tou. Following the thoughts, instead of returning them to their empty base is called ‘hua wei’. It is a human habit that is very difficult to prevent – human beings literally become ‘lost’ in thought whilst trying to get to grips with the facility of ‘thinking’ itself. The gong-an is a method of interaction designed to reveal the empty essence of the intellect to itself in an instantaneous manner. If the intellect engages the gong-an, the gong-an is seen as illogical and pointless. In the old days the Ch’an masters were brutally compassionate and when gongan did not work they developed the hua tou practice. The gong-an and hua tou methods merge all the Buddha’s teachings on meditation together into one succinct technique that any one can practice regardless of expedient karmic circumstance. This is how Charles Luk (1898-1978) explains the hua tou practice:
‘When men were attached to material things, people of high spirituality became rare. The masters were then obliged to devise a poison-against-poison method called the hua t’ou which consists of the giving rise to a feeling of doubt (yi-qing – ‘doubting mind’) about WHO the seeker of Enlightenment is. Emphasis is on the word WHO which supports this vital doubt which comes from the student’s eagerness to know that which practices the Dharma. He knows that his body and intellect will cease to exist when he dies and are, therefore, transient and cannot realise permanent reality. He is keen to know about the prime mover of all his activities; hence his doubt which, growing larger and larger, will submerge his body, mind and environment to form a mass of fire which destroys all thoughts, feelings and passions like a re-hot stove which melts the snow that falls on it, as the masters put it. His monkey mind cannot stay in this scorching fire, and its death is automatically followed by the resurrection of his true mind which is pure and clean. This yi-qing should be maintained throughout the training until Bodhi is achieved.
After the student has wiped out all dualities in their coarse aspects, he will reach the state of bright stillness which still implies awareness of it, that is a duality of subjective ego and objective dhyana in its subtlety. They are ego and Dharma in their finest aspects mentioned in the sutras as the last hindrance on the holy path.
It is much easier to relinquish the subtle ego than the subtle Dharma which is wonderful and attractive, and can be easily mistaken for Nirvana. Hence master Han Shan says: “This is the most dangerous pass which I have myself experienced.” If the student persists in holding on to this feeling of doubt, this subtle Dharma which is but an illusion will vanish, and thus released from the last hindrance, he will leap over both phenomenon and noumenon to reach that state of Samadhi in which the ‘yi-qing’ (doubting mind) itself is sublimated and transformed into the Buddha’s all-knowledge (sarvajna). This is the Tathagata stage.
This feeling of doubt, which the masters likened to an indestructible sword, cuts down all thoughts and mental states during the training. Hence Lin Chi says: “If you meet a Buddha, cut him down; if you meet a Patriarch, cut him down; if you meet your relatives, cut them down. Only then will you be liberated, and if you are not held by externals, you will be disengaged and comfortably independent. For all visions conceived by the sense organs are unreal and can never compare to the inconceivable and inexpressible Bhutatathata.’[11]
It is clear that the hua tou technique was not part of the original Ch’an method – which exists beyond words and phrases. Indeed, the first sutra associated with the Ch’an School in its early history is not the Surangama Sutra, but rather the Lankavatara Sutra, the influence of which waned as the literature associated with the sunyata (emptiness) thinking of the Prajnaparamitra Sutra became popular. At the time of the Song Dynasty, Dahui’s practice, therefore, was not any thing new, but rather a distinctive use of what already existed within the Ch’an School inChina. He expertly ‘turned the mind’ of those who he instructed, through the expert use of the written and spoken word. Dahui, like Xu Yun, both commented upon the dead recitation of a gong-an, with no penetrative ability to reveal the Mind Ground, as opposed to the living use of the hua tou method, which when practiced correctly, keeps an intense penetration into the mind-essence until the Mind Ground is fully revealed. The Ming Dynasty Ch’an master – Han Shan De-qing – used the hua tou method in the most efficient of manners – directly referring to the Surangama Sutra for guidance. In his autobiography, master Han Shan describes one of his experiences:
‘All the mountains were covered with snow and ice, and the scenery was just like the vision which I had had previously and which I had loved so much. My body and mind were taken by surprise as if I were entering the Paradise of Bliss. Soon after this Miao Feng left to visit Yeh Tai, and I was left alone to live in the place. I concentrated my attention on a single thought, and, if a visitor came, I did not speak but only looked at him. After a long while, when a visitor came, he resembled a tree stump. This state of mind continued until I had no idea about the meaning of a single (Chinese) character. At first a roaring gale blew frequently and when the thaw set in torrents of water rolled down the mountains and made a thunderous noise. In the stillness it was like that of a thousand marching troops and ten thousand horses galloping at full speed; it was very disturbing. Miao Feng had said: “This surrounding is created by the mind and does not come from the outside.” The ancients said: “Whoever hears the sound of water without using the sixth consciousness for thirty years, will achieve Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara’s all-pervading wisdom.” Consequently I went to a wooden bridge where I sat every day. At first the noise from the water was audible as before. After a long while it could only be heard when thoughts surged in my mind and not when they ceased to rise. Suddenly one day while sitting on the bridge as usual, I felt as if my body did not exist and the sound of the water was not heard any more. Henceforth, all the sound and noise vanished completely; I was no longer disturbed by them.’[12]
The question of ‘who?’ is the essence of the hua tou practice, for it guides the attention of the mind away from diverse and misleading phenomena, and firmly back toward the essence of the mind itself. Of course, the questioning word ‘who?’ is a deliberate construct of the thinking mind. The word ‘who?’ becomes indicative of all words reduced to its structure – ‘W-H-O?’ – is the mind’s capacity for endless thinking and contrivance focused into a single word. The mind must first of all establish this singleness of thought through a single word – through hour upon hour of meditative practice. All words must cease except for the ‘who?’, as the developed power of concentration literally ‘pulls’ all attempts to think otherwise into its singular structure. This is the establishment of ‘singleness of thought’. Within the hua tou method, this is the achievement of ‘hua’. What gives the hua tou method its poignancy and strength is its ability to create the inner conditions whereby the ‘essence’, or ‘originator space’ of the word ‘who?’ is realised through its inherent, questioning power. The word ‘who?’ is created out of the mind’s psychic fabric through an act of concentrated ‘will’. Its structure is formed from ‘nothingness’, and it is this empty state that the ‘tou’ aspect of the hua tou method seeks to realise. Through the development of concentration, insight is attained. The mind, in its deluded state, only perceives the outer, and fully formed aspect of each thought construct, as they collectively cascade across the surface of the mind’s eye. This cascading process contains an independent energy that is not directly influenced by the mind’s eye itself. In other words, a deluded being can only helplessly watch the continuous inner dialogue, with no ability to profoundly alter its structure or course. The hua tou method allows the practitioner to take a direct control of the inner process itself, and bring a form of effective discipline to bear upon it. The endless stream of thoughts are channelled into just one stream – the question ‘who?’ – and this single stream, through an intense inner concentration is returned to its empty essence. In this regard, a hua tou may be distinguished from a gong-an by the fact that a gong-an does not necessarily have to be comprised of a question, but can be a dialogue or statement about any subject, through which the context of its utterance changes those who encounter it. A hua tou, by way of comparison, in its most developed sense, must always comprise of a question. Although both techniques perform exactly the same function of revealing the Mind Ground, a hua tou can be defined as a gong-an that is asking a specific question that can not be answered by the ordinary intellect. In a very real sense, a discussion of the history of the hua tou is allowing the ordinary mind to have a free reign in its dealings with the world, and serves as an existential contradiction to the use of the hua tou method as used by the Ch’an school, which serves to wipe out all discrimination in a single leap beyond the ‘ordinary’ and into ‘reality’. What the old Ch’an master would refer to as ‘putting a head, upon a head’. Understanding a physical history of the hua tou, although useful in an expedient manner, actually serves to obscure the very Mind Ground the hua tou method is designed to reveal. The history of the hua tou is of no use to one engaged in a serious inner quest to realise the true essence of the mind itself. This is why the Ch’an masters always advised the ‘laying down’ of the kind of clutter in the mind, such as the history of the hua tou, which is, after-all, more a matter of speculation rather than concrete fact. Intellection about the hua tou contradicts the hua tou method itself, and replaces a sound spiritual technique with a pseudo-intellectualism that mimics the logical trend of mainstream academia. Such a trend reduces the hua tou to a mere category to be filed away under the heading of ‘solved’. However, the true point of the hua tou is that it can never be solved by the intellect itself, but can only be used in the process of the transcendence of the intellect. The intellect that understands the hua tou must ultimately ‘die’ in the spiritual sense, so that a new understanding based upon wisdom can emerge out of the developmental process. The modern influence of the materialist paradigm reduces the spiritual to the realm of matter, where it can be measured and quantified. This is the dismantling of Ch’an Buddhism from within, and its destructive influence should be noted by those who believe that a spiritual method should be maintained in a format that allows it to be used effectively in creating better human beings, through the realisation of enlightenment itself. A hua tou that can be measured and understood by the ordinary mind, is a hua tou that is spiritually useless. Intellectual understanding should not replace spiritual transcendence.
Whereas the Surangama Sutra turns the attention inward, and follows the hearing of sound back to its original essence, the developed Chinese method of the use of hua tou aids the ‘inward looking’ by adding the introspective power of the enquiring ‘who?’ to its functioning. Although it is possible for beings with good spiritual karma to follow sound back to its essence, generally speaking ordinary beings find this practice difficult. This is why the Surangama method was modified into the hua tou. The hua tou assists the mind to turn inward and away from external stimuli. When simply ‘looking’ at sound as it arises, the clutter of the mind can get in the way of the observational process. The hua tou remedies this situation by gathering-up all the clutter into one singe, questioning word – ‘who?’ Beings of high spirituality have little or no mind clutter and are therefore able to penetrate straight through to the Mind Ground by following the sound back to its empty root, using only the Surangama method. However, the method itself, be it the hua tou, or the Surangama, is not the achievement and should not be confused with it. The enlightened Ch’an masters often spoke against resting in the extreme of ‘attainment’, or ‘non-attainment’. Peter Hershock explains:
‘Huineng urged his monastic and lay students to take the “precepts of formlessness” and to practice the “formless repentance,” insisting that Chan did not have to do with any particular bodily posture or mental state but with having a complete confidence in one’s own true nature and demonstrating one’s capacity for conduct without precedent. Linji himself admitted that his approach to Chan left many people clucking their tongues and thinking him a simpleton or a fool. Apparently, the distinctive character of Chan practice does not rest on any norms or standards of bodily comportment.
But neither does it rest on the achievement of some “internal” state of affairs, the attainment of particular, subjective experienced altered states and supernatural powers, or the realisation of intellectual or rhetorical brilliance. Mazu is adamant that “talk about attainment is your mind. Talk about nonattainment is still your mind. Even if you were to get as far as splitting the body, emanating light, and manifesting the eighteen subtle transformation…[or] if you were able to talk about the Buddha’s expedient teachings for as many eons as there are grains of sand in a river, you’ll still never complete your explanation or get anywhere. All these are just like not-yet-severed barbs and chains.” For Mazu, and for Chan generally, entering into meditative absorption or stillness and demonstrating scholarly brilliance are equally classed as overdoing it.’[13]
Master Xu Yun explained that correct knowledge of the ‘Way’ (Dao) is required for access to the Ch’an path. However, once the gate of Ch’an has been successfully entered, any and all excess baggage must be abandoned completely, and this includes any attempt to define the path itself into materially concrete terms. Even the great Ch’an master Dahui agreed with this possession when he wrote to Huang Po-ch’eng:
‘In the daily activities of a student of the Path, to empty objects is easy, but to empty mind is hard. If objects are empty but mind is not empty, mind will be overcome by objects. Just empty the mind, and objects will be empty of themselves. If the mind is already emptied, but then you arouse a second thought, wishing to empty its objects, this means that this mind is not yet empty, and is again carried away by objects. If this sickness is not done away with, there is no way to get out of birth and death. Haven’t you seen the verse which Layman Pang presented to Ma Tsu?
“In the ten directions, the same congregation:
Each and every one studies non-doing.
This is the place where Buddhas are chosen:
Minds empty, they return successful.”
Once the mind is empty, then what is there outside of mind that can be emptied? Think it over.’[14]
[1] Luk, Charles. The Surangama Sutra (Leng Yen Ching) (2001) Munishram Manoharlal – the Title page reads; ‘Chinese Rendering by Master Paramiti of Central North India at Chih Chih Monastery,AD 705.’
[2] Luk, Charles. The Secrets of Chinese Meditation (1984) Weiser – Pages 32-42 – which quotes the Surangama Sutra. SSee also:
Luk, Charles. The Surangama Sutra (Leng Yen Ching) – Pages 135-142 – for Avalokitesvara’s full explanation of this method.
[3] Cleary, JC. Swampland Flowers: The Letters and Lectures of Zen Master Ta Hui (1977) Shambhala.
[4] Schlutter,Morten. How Zen Became Zen, (2009) Munishram Manoharlol – Page 107.
[5] Schlutter,Morten. How Zen Became Zen, (2009) Munishram Manoharlol. – 215.
[6] Cleary, JC. Swampland Flowers: The Letters and Lectures of Zen Master Ta Hui (1977) Shambhala – Pages 84-85. When reading through the letters in this collection, none appear to provide instruction that resemble the developed hua tou, even though Dahui is obviously enlightened and correctly turning the mind’s of others back upon the empty essence. Dahui’s brilliance is not limited to the expedient of the hua tou technique.
[7] Lachs, Stuart. Hua-t’ou: A Method of Zen Meditation – http://www.thezensite.com/ZenTeachings/HuaTou_Lachs.pdf Accessed 11.4.2012 – The opening paragraph reads: ‘This paper discusses a form of meditation practice known in Chinese as hua- t’ou. It was popularized by the Chinese Zen master Ta-Hui (1089 – 1163) a member of the Lin-Chi sect of Zen. While Ta-Hui did not invent this method of meditation, he popularized it in that he was the first to teach a theory of why hua`t’ou should be practiced, and also taught how to use it in Zen practice.’
[8] Luk, Charles. ‘Empty Cloud The Autobiography of a Chinese Zen Master’ (1988) Element – Page 158.
[9]公案(gong-an): 公 (gong1) is written as an open mouth that shares speech in a public setting and in this context is used to mean ‘public’. 案 (an4) refers to the presentation of a legal document or record, upon a long table, in this context it carries the meaning of ‘record’. Therefore, 公案 (gong-an) refers to a ‘public record’, or recorded dialogue between master and student within the Ch’an tradition.
[10] Luk, Charles. ‘Empty Cloud The Autobiography of a Chinese Zen Master’ (1988) Element – Page 158.
[11] Luk, Charles, ‘Practical Buddhism’ (1988) Rider & Co – pages 22-24. For sake of clarity, I have substituted the Wades-Giles ‘i-ch’ing’ for the modern pinyin of ‘yi-qing’, so as to differentiate between the concept expressed here of a ‘doubting mind’, and the well known Book of Changes, otherwise known as the I Ching [Yijing], etc. Readers should be aware that although Luk talks of a ‘feeling of doubt’ (yi-qing), in the Chinese texts the expression is usually ‘da-yi-qing’ (大疑情), or ‘great doubting mind’). Shi Da Dao – author.
[12] Luk, Charles. Practical Buddhism (1988), Rider & Co Ltd – Pages 80-81.
[13] Hershock, Peter. Chan Buddhism, (2004)Hawai’i Press – Pages 133-134.
[14] Cleary, JC. Swampland Flowers: The Letters and Lectures of Zen Master Ta Hui (1977) Shambhala – Pages 31-32.
avalokitesvarabuddhism chinaCh'ancharles lukdahuigong-anguan yinhan shanhua toukan huaMind GroundMorten Schluttersurangama sutraXu Yun
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Elderhood
Redefining Aging, Transforming Medicine, Reimagining Life
Louise Aronson
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TRADE BOOKS FOR COURSES NEWSLETTER
Finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in General Nonfiction
For more than 5,000 years, "old" has been defined as beginning between the ages of 60 and 70. That means most people alive today will spend more years in elderhood than in childhood, and many will be elders for 40 years or more. Yet at the very moment that humans are living longer than ever before, we've made old age into a disease, a condition to be dreaded, denigrated, neglected, and denied.
Reminiscent of Oliver Sacks, noted Harvard-trained geriatrician Louise Aronson uses stories from her quarter century of caring for patients, and draws from history, science, literature, popular culture, and her own life to weave a vision of old age that's neither nightmare nor utopian fantasy—a vision full of joy, wonder, frustration, outrage, and hope about aging, medicine, and humanity itself.
Elderhood is for anyone who is, in the author's own words, "an aging, i.e., still-breathing human being."
Reviews About the Author
Praise for Elderhood
“A passionate, deeply informed critique of how our healthcare system fails in its treatment of the elderly . . . Vitally important . . . Though the subject of this provocative book is the elderly, its message touches the entire span of human life.”—BookPage
“Eloquent and impressive . . . A landmark work . . . In a world of increasing numbers of older adults, Aronson's highly readable, absorbing, and thought-provoking book should serve as a guide for how our culture must change in order to provide a future in which all of us can age well throughout the span of our lives.”—Changing Aging
“[A] penetrating meditation on geriatrics . . . Aronson's deep empathy, hard-won knowledge, and vivid reportage makes for one of the best accounts around of the medical mistreatment of the old.”—Publishers Weekly (starred review)
“An examination of aging and the human condition encompassing poignant stories and the viewpoints of medical experts, writers, historians, and scientists . . . Empathetic, probing, and often emotionally moving narratives on appreciating the power and the pain of aging.”—Kirkus Reviews (starred review)
“Monumental . . . Elderhood, like the life station it studies, is dynamic, multifaceted and full of wonder. Aronson's writing, too, flexes with vibrant energy as she discusses in lucid, candid detail the ways she has seen the healthcare system neglect the overall well-being of her patients, her colleagues and herself . . . Intimidating as it may seem, elderhood becomes welcoming and generous in Aronson's deft care.”—Shelf Awareness
Louise Aronson, MD, MFA, is a leading geriatrician, educator, and professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), where she directs UCSF Medical Humanities. A graduate of Harvard Medical School, Dr. Aronson has received the Gold Professorship in Humanism in Medicine, the California Homecare Physician of the Year Award, the American Geriatrics Society Clinician of the Year Award, and was named one of Next Avenue’s 2019 Influencers in Aging. She is the author of A History of the Present Illness and her articles and stories have appeared in many publications, including the New York Times, the New England Journal of Medicine, the Lancet, and The Atlantic. She lives in San Francisco.
Louise Aronson →
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Foxey Lady (Live 10/11/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Label: Legacy Recordings
In October 1968, The Jimi Hendrix Experience headed to San Francisco and occupied the famed Winterland Ballroom for six performances over three consecutive nights. The shows took place days before the release of Electric Ladyland, meaning the band was at the very top of its game. Of course, four discs is a lot of acid rock to wade through, yet they contain many sublime moments. The nervy version of "Sunshine of Your Love" on disc 3 is a real wanderer. Another powerfully manic jam is "Killing Floor," a cover of the Howlin' Wolf tune featuring The Jefferson Airplane's Jack Casady on bass.
Justin Farrar
Tax Free (Live 10/10/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Lover Man (Live 10/10/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Sunshine Of Your Love (Live 10/10/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Hear My Train A comin' (Live 10/10/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Killing Floor (Live 10/10/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Hey Joe (Live 10/10/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Star Spangled Banner (Live 10/10/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Purple Haze (Live 10/10/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Like A Rolling Stone (Live 10/11/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Fire (Live 10/11/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Are You Experienced (Live 10/11/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Red House (Live 10/11/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Manic Depression (Live 10/12/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Little Wing (Live 10/12/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Spanish Castle Magic (Live 10/12/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Wild Thing (Live 10/12/68 Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Foxey Lady (Live 10/12/68 2nd Show, Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Are You Experienced (Live 10/10/68 1st Show, Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Voodoo Child (Slight Return) (Live 10/10/68 1st Show, Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Red House (Live 10/10/68 1st Show, Winterland, San Francisco, CA)
Boston Garden Backstage Interview (Live 11/16/68)
Latest albums by Jimi Hendrix
Are You Experienced
Jimi Hendrix - A Magic Time (Live)
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KIX SELF-TITLED glam metal 12" Vinyk LP Album
Album Info: Kix is the self-titled debut album by the glam metal band Kix, released in 1981 on Atlantic Records.
The album: "KIX - Self-Titled" was produced by: Tom Allom
Tom "Colonel" Allom is a British Sound Engineer and Music Producer, during the 1970s and 1980s he has worked with bands like: "Black Sabbath" , "Cobra", " Def Leppard" , "Judas Priest" , "Kix", "Krokus" , "Wolf".
Atlantic K 50834
Media Format:
1981 Made in Germany
Band Members and Musicians on: KIX - Self-Titled
Steve Whiteman - Lead vocals, harmonica, saxophone
Ronnie "10/10" Younkins - Guitars
Brian "Damage" Forsythe - Guitars
Donnie Purnell - Bass, keyboards, backing vocals
Jimmy "Chocolate" Chalfant - Drums, percussion, backing vocals
Track Listing of: "KIX - Self-Titled"
The Songs/tracks on "KIX - Self-Titled" are
"Atomic Bombs" (3:45)
"Love at First Sight" (2:42)
"Heartache" (3:16)
"Poison" (3:46)
"The Itch" (4:26)
"Kix Are for Kids" (4:16)
"Contrary Mary" (3:10)
"The Kid" (3:54)
"Yeah, Yeah, Yeah" (6:57)
Front Cover Photo Of KIX -Self-Titled Glam Metal 12" Vinyl LP Album
Photo Of The Back Cover KIX -Self-Titled Glam Metal 12" Vinyl LP Album
Close up of Side One record's label KIX -Self-Titled Glam Metal 12" Vinyl LP Album
"KIX" Green, White and Orange Colour Atlantic Record Label Details: Atlantic K 50834 , LC 0121
Page last updated:19-Dec-2020 13:03
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Human rights day: WACC puts spotlight on violence against journalists
10 Dec 2019 Human rights day: WACC puts spotlight on violence against journalists
Posted at 14:28h in Communication Rights, News by Marites (Tess) Sison 0 Comments
On International Human Rights Day, December 10, WACC Global calls attention to the horrendous violence and abuse against journalists.
“Investigative journalism is the backbone of a well-functioning democracy,” said Philip Lee, WACC General Secretary. “When the integrity and lives of journalists are threatened, civil society suffers.”
About 500 journalists were killed between 2014 and 2018, or an average of two journalists per week, according to a report from UNESCO, Intensified Attacks, New Defences. This data represented an 18% increase in killings compared to the preceding five-year period (2009-2013), said the report.
From January to November 2019, at least 36 journalists, 10 citizen journalists, and three media assistants have been killed, according to Reporters Without Borders. At least 64 journalists have also gone missing because of their work, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists’ database.
“Journalists endure countless attacks on their life, their dignity and the integrity of their work,” said UNESCO. “These abuses affect the ability of the media to impart information to the public, and undermine the foundations of freedom of expression, which is enshrined in Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.”
The report noted that 91% of those killed were local journalists, a shift from previous years, during which a majority were killed in conflict areas. “This trend reflects the changing nature of violence against journalists, who are increasingly silenced for reporting on issues of corruption, crime and politics.”
It also cited the “continued trend of widespread impunity,” noting that 88% of cases of killing remain unresolved.
Although the vast majority of journalists killed are men (449), killings of women journalists almost doubled relative to the previous five-year period, from 24 in 2009-2013, to 46 in 2014-2018, said the report.
A majority of those killed were in Arab states (149), Latin America and the Caribbean (127) and Asia Pacific (120). The rest were from Africa (51), Western Europe and North America (28), Central and Eastern Europe (20).
The UNESCO report also noted a “growing prevalence of threats and harassment in the online sphere,” which disproportionately target women journalists. It quoted a 2018 survey by the International Women’s Foundation and Troll Busters, which showed that 70% of women journalists have experienced violence and intimidation online. The act “amount to human rights violations,” said UNESCO.
It also cited the emergence of new digital security and privacy threats from both state and non-state actors that are meant to silence and censor journalists. This includes the use of automated bots and troll armies, said the report.
Another major issue, the report said, “has been the rise in hostile, anti-media rhetoric and the discrediting of newsworthy and accurate journalistic reportage as ‘fake news,’ particularly during election periods.”
This Human Rights Day, WACC joins UNESCO, civil society organizations, and media groups in urging governments to protect and ensure the safety of journalists, to end impunity of those who attack journalists, and to guarantee people’s right to information.
Photo above: A makeshift memorial to murdered investigative journalist Daphne Caruana Galizia at the foot of the Great Siege Monument in Valletta, Malta. Galizia’s work often focused on allegations of government corruption, nepotism, patronage, money laundering, links between online gambling and organized crime. Photo: Ethan Doyle White/Wikimedia Commons
Human Rights Day, International Women's Foundation, Reporters Without Borders, Troll Busters, WACC
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Brewer’s Blog: Beer for Connoisseurs, Dreher’s Original, Historical Lager Mini-Series
Home/Uncategorized/Brewer’s Blog: Beer for Connoisseurs, Dreher’s Original, Historical Lager Mini-Series
In the past couple weeks we’ve had to make a few changes to our production schedule due to unforeseen circumstances. Fortunately, our schedule has been only slightly impacted and the biggest change from our plan actually resulted in something that I’m pretty excited about anyways. For almost a year now, I’ve been joking that Tombstone was going to release a clone of Michelob Original, and that joke slowly evolved into a real beer and due to some supply chain issues, it’s evolved into two beers that share a lot of history. The process for developing these recipes has been a fascinating history lesson that ties together 3 of the most important people in the history of lager brewing and it has really tied together a lot of the science and art of brewing for me to enjoy.
The whole idea started off with a joke of saying I had a recipe for Michelob the way it was brewed in 1896, the year in which it was first released by Anheuser-Busch in America. The joke part of it was that a lot of brewers claim to produce historical recreations of old recipes and in fact, they just use a kind of standard recipe, throw a retro looking label on it, and claim it’s a reintroduction of an old beer (I’m looking at you Pabst! How many beers historically inaccurate beers do you need in that portfolio?!?). The “recipe” that I had was really just a list of common ingredients that looked more like an incomplete shopping list. No brewing logs exist (according to a few of my contacts at Anheuser-Busch) from 1896 to truly know the exact recipe that was used for Michelob. But as I read the history of the beer, I became much more interested in doing my best to recreate it as accurately as possible.
What a lot of people don’t realize is that a significant amount of American history from before World War II has been forgotten or records for events were lost. When you couple that with prohibition being a period of time in which brewing records were thrown out, it’s no surprise that people have forgotten that at one point in time, Michelob was considered by many to be not just one of the most premium lagers in America, but in the whole world. Adolphus Busch wanted a beer that he could claim was a premium product and so Michelob was developed as an all malt lager using two-row barley, imported hops from the Saazer region, and a pure culture yeast strain. Considering the time period, those three attributes were very rare to find in any American beer. Instead of trying to make Michelob a mass produced beer, Adolphus Busch sold the beer at a premium without marketing it in any way other than to tell bars that Michelob was a “beer for connoisseurs.” It seemed too fitting that today so many people think of a beer connoisseur as being the pastry stout drinkers or IPA drinkers, but brewers will normally tell you that it’s the beer flavored beer that is for the real connoisseurs.
Trying to recreate the recipe without a logbook makes it nearly impossible to know for sure how close we came to the true recipe which is a large reason that in the past when I’ve focused on historic recreations, it hasn’t been with the goal of replicating an exact beer, but rather a historic style. The difference in this case is that I believe I have enough sources and methods of double checking my work that I feel confident in saying this recipe is as close as it can get.
Trying to find a place to start, I began with the easiest ingredient to determine: hops. In promotional material leading up to the 1896 release of the first batch of Michelob, it was declared that the “finest lager in the world” was brewed with nothing but the finest Saaz hops. I reached out to a beer historian and asked him for any information he might have about hop usage from Anheuser-Busch in the 1890’s. In the material he sent me, I found two letters in different years from Adolphus Busch that reported how much hops were purchased in each year and how much hops they had in inventory. In the letter, Adolphus Busch declared that their goal was to be prepared and to always have enough hops for 2 years of production. I was able to find production volumes from 1882-1890 and was able to confirm that the average amount of hops used at their brewery was fairly typical of the time period, maybe just a little high at 2 lbs of hops per bbl of beer. In other material from many years later, I was able to find that Michelob used “30% more hops” although the source didn’t specify “more hops than _____.” I took that to mean 30% more than the average amount of hops used in other AB beers resulting in 2.6 lbs of hops per bbl. Knowing that the goal of the beer was to compete with the finest Bohemian lagers of the time, I guessed that would put the IBU’s in the ballpark of 40 IBU.
Not being content with guesswork though, I looked into hop schedules typical of American breweries at the time and found words written by Dr. Robert Wahl in a brewing textbook that suggested that the most common hop schedule would be a 2:2:1 ratio with additions at 60 minutes, 20 minutes, and flameout. Taking the average alpha acids of Saaz, I plugged my estimate of 2.6 lbs of hops per bbl with that ratio into an IBU calculator, took into account that they used leaf hops and a steam boil kettle for hop utilization rates and came up with 37 IBU.
Having the easy part of the recipe out of the way, I moved on to a slightly more frustrating ingredient: Malts. Adolphus Busch made the claim in 1896 that Michelob was an all malt beer. That was rare in America because the overwhelming majority of the barley being grown in the USA was 6-row that was high in protein content. Brewing a beer entirely with 6-row resulted in a protein haze which was why American brewers used corn and rice. I was able to find an article in which Busch did say that Michelob used 2-row and another article that claimed that Anheuser Busch was using American grown 2-row. 2-row was really only being grown in Western America at the time and only a few varieties were being grown. I was able to find a list of varieties being grown in a journal, again written by Dr. Robert Wahl, and two varieties stuck out to me: Hanna and Chevalier. Hanna was a barley type that was successfully grown in the USA after seed was brought from Moravia. Chevalier was more common in the USA at the time than Hanna, but less well suited for lager brewing.
The easiest solution would have been to just say “Barley variety doesn’t matter as much as the malting of the barley” and roll with any domestic Pilsner malt. My goal being a true recreation though, I couldn’t let myself settle with that. One of the toughest things with trying to recreate a beer from a specific period is that a lot of ingredients just aren’t available at all anymore. For weeks I reached out to barley growers, maltsters, brewers, and beer historians to try to find the most appropriate malt. Most people just thought the idea of going to this length to recreate a macro lager was funny and I had to explain it’s not really a macro lager… It used to be glorious. After a few weeks, I did find a list of barley varieties that was used in the 1960’s. It wasn’t much considering that the list was from 65 years after the recipe was first brewed, but it did confirm that hanna and chevalier were both good suspicions. I settled on Hanna because it is better suited for lagers and would definitely have been used in almost every Bohemian brewery that Busch was trying to emulate. It’s not common to find Hanna barley itself anymore, but a lot of barley varieties were bred from Hanna. Luckily, Rahr Malting sells an “Old World Pils” malt that is malted either from Hanna or from a close relative to Hanna and it is even slightly less modified the way malts would have been in the 1890’s.
The final piece of the puzzle, yeast, was definitely the difficult part of this project and really, it is the part of this that got me most interested to proceed. So much of my data for my ingredient decisions came from Dr. Robert Wahl. Incredibly, he’s a forgotten figure in American brewing. Dr. Wahl fought against an American Beer Purity Law, he started his own brewing school in Chicago, he designed an enclosed fermenter that allowed for proper yeast harvesting almost 50 years before the introduction of the conical fermenter that is most common in breweries today, he was one of the first Americans to isolate yeast, he fought against prohibition and continued to study beer production in near isolation throughout prohibition, and he was an advocate for the sharing of brewing information throughout the whole world.
I got a lead from a book that’s available on Google written by Dr. Wahl. In one of his excerpts, he tells a story in which he brings yeast to Adolphus Busch from a brewery in Michelob, Bohemia. The brewery was owned by Anton Dreher, the son of the brewer (whose name was also Anton Dreher) that is credited with the invention of the pale lager. The younger Dreher took over the business from his father and Dr. Wahl visited him at his more well-known brewery in Austria. He was sent there by Adolphus Busch himself and at Busch’s request, Dr. Wahl asked Dreher for information about his beer and requested a sample of yeast. Dreher confessed that the beer in question was actually brewed in their Michelob brewery and Dr. Wahl went there to obtain the yeast for Busch. He brought it back to America and he analyzed the yeast, determined it to be a pure culture, and gave it to Anheuser Busch.
Finding a yeast strain from 125 years ago was definitely going to be the thing that brought this project to a crashing halt. I did find that Dr. Wahl propagated and sold the yeast throughout North America in the following years. Prohibition killed his business though and I couldn’t find any information about breweries that had bought this yeast. The challenge was that even if I could find a brewery that had used the yeast 125 years ago and was still operating, the yeast would definitely have evolved. I put out a request for any information about Dr. Wahl and to my astonishment, I was introduced to his great-great-grandson. Roger Wahl was kind enough to provide me with a few books written by Dr. Wahl. I consulted with a yeast geneticist who was able to confirm that all known lager yeast strains can be traced back to two breweries: Carlsberg and Tuborg.
Just a little over a decade before Michelob was introduced, Emil Christian Hansen successfully isolated two lager yeast strains. Tuborg yeast was actually isolated the year before Carlsberg yeast even though Carlsberg is credieted with being the first brewery to use pure yeast. Tuborg decided not to use the yeast strain that was isolated from their beer because they preferred the Carlsberg yeast. Carlsberg yeast was much easier to maintain, didn’t mutate as fast, could be used for more generations, and perhaps most importantly, it could be washed. The Tuborg isolate created a more flavorful lager (which is arguably a detriment when you want to produce a crisp, clean lager), but was significantly more difficult to use. Dr. Hansen wasn’t stingy with the yeast and he offered samples of pure yeast cultures directly from the Carlsberg Research Center for any brewery that wanted it. Prior to that time, if a brewery had a contamination, they just borrowed yeast from another brewery and the beer took on a new flavor. Now, brewers could isolate and propagate yeast thanks to Hansen’s research and those two strains spread and evolved all over Europe.
Speaking with the yeast geneticist, he was able to confirm that Anheuser Busch yeast originated from the less commonly used Tuborg isolate. But we couldn’t confirm that Michelob was the same yeast being used in Budweiser. We were also able to confirm that Augustiner yeast was from the Tuborg isolate and when reading one of the books provided by Roger Wahl, I found an interesting note that the “less common” yeast from Carlsberg Research Center had traveled throughout the years to Anton Dreher’s Michelob brewery. With data from DNA fingerprinting and from Wahl’s journal, I was able to conclude that the Tuborg yeast was used at Augustiner and Dreher was able to get yeast from them which he took to his Michelob brewery, and from there it had a few years to evolve before it made its way to Anheuser Busch and that it was the likely source for all of AB’s lager yeast. That still wasn’t incredibly helpful because Anheuser Busch doesn’t share yeast and that strain has now been used for 125 years with varying ingredients throughout that time resulting in genetic drift of the yeast.
The last clue I got about the yeast was that before the late 1980’s Anheuser Busch went back to their original yeast culture and propagated new yeast rather than continuing to repitch. I searched every yeast bank I knew of for any connection to their yeast and got very lucky. The USDA had a culture from Anheuser Busch from 1972 and the biologist that isolated it had done so from first generation yeast, so it wouldn’t have had time to evolve.
After several weeks of all this research, I ordered all the ingredients and prepared for a brew day only to find out that our yeast lab had been shut down and couldn’t propagate the yeast in time for me. It was a bit of a happy accident though because we did have access to Augustiner yeast and so I proceeded with the beer as it was originally brewed by Anton Dreher. This version of the beer will be canned in about 6 weeks and will be called “Dreher’s Original Bohemian Lager” and when our lab is back open, we will introduce the beer with the original yeast strain as planned named “Beer for Connoisseurs.”
Brewer’s Blog: Annual Hop Report and Upcoming Wet Hop Beers
September 16th, 2019 | 1 Comment
Fresh Lagers!
August 2nd, 2019 | 0 Comments
Brewer’s Blog: Insanity Ensues: Canning, Fresh Hop Ales, Hop Selections, GABF, Oktoberfest, Pils
Chad Kennedy May 20, 2020 at 2:45 pm - Reply
Awesome post! Thanks for sharing. I only wish I lived anywhere near there to try the beer. I’m not sure when this post was originally released so I may be way off on my wish regardless.
Roy Ziegler November 22, 2020 at 9:49 am - Reply
This is exactly what I’ve been looking for. I have (current count) 6 original 9” tall iconic Michelob bottles from the 60’s. My goal is to brew an old school Michelob and bottle some of it in the vintage bottles. Your blog post has me going in the right direction with building out the recipe. Thank you so much for doing the research and publish the history and recipe.
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Sports 02/08/2020 02/08/2020
Girls Basketball: Dreadnaughts improve to 11-3 with victory over Adrian
by Charles Post
The Dexter Dreadnaughts easily defeated the Adrian Maples on Friday at home to improve to 11-3 overall on the season. The Dreadnaughts jumped out to a 25-16 lead at halftime and rode that to a 67-37 blowout victory. Brianna Rodriguez led Dexter with a game-high 19 points including 12 in the second half, while Sydney Pnacek scored 13 points, including three 3-pointers.
Kylie Cabana had 10 points in a game in which every Dexter player scored at least one point.
“It’s really exciting to get to see our girls play like that,” said Dexter coach Lauren Thompson. “I think Kylie Cabana had an incredible game and Brianna has really come to life in the last few games. She has been scoring a bunch of points for us. It’s so exciting to see her play like that.”
With the victory, the Dreadnaughts are 11-3 and 8-1 in league play. Dexter is also 6-2 at home, with their only losses coming to Saline and Chelsea. Dexter has four games remaining in the regular season with upcoming games against Jackson, Chelsea (Feb. 21 at Chelsea), Pinckney and Bedford in the regular-season finale. Their next game will be on Tuesday, Feb. 11 at Jackson.
“It was our goal to come out in the third quarter and be relentless and I think that mindset took hold tonight,” said Thompson. “We have been trying to figure out how to put together a full game and our focus this game was to come out and not have those mental lapses. I think the best way for us to do that is get out and press and play really intense defense.”
Dexter started the game on a 5-0 run as Pnacek drilled a 3-pointer to start the game before Cabana made a mid-range jumper from the elbow. The Dreadnaughts began the game in a full-court press and Adrian struggled to get open looks. Rodriguez continued playing well, contributing five points in the first quarter as Dexter led 12-11.
In the second quarter, the Dreadnaughts started to pull away a little bit as Pnacek scored five points, including her second 3-pointer of the game, this one assisted by Rodriguez. Cabana and Rodriguez also scored two points each in the second quarter as Dexter took a 25-16 lead into halftime.
The Maples weren’t able to get much going in the first half as they kept turning the ball over and the Dreadnaughts were taking advantage by scoring in transition. Pnacek had a game-high eight points at the break, including 2-for-3 from 3-point range, while Rodriguez added seven points. Dexter’s momentum continued into the third quarter.
The Dreadnaughts pulled away in the third quarter, scoring 22 points, including six points from Rodriguez. Cabana was also very effective, scoring four straight points to put Dexter up 36-24. Pnacek added a 3-pointer with 1:51 left in the quarter to give the Dreadnaughts a 42-27 advantage. Dexter took a 47-29 lead into the fourth quarter.
In the final period, Rodriguez continued to have one of her best performances of the season. She found Cabana wide open under the basket for a lay up, which gave Dexter a 51-29 lead with 6:22 left in the game. About 3 minutes later, Rodriguez finished a lay up of her own and the Dreadnaughts went onto win the game 67-37.
Charles Post
More from Charles Post
The Dexter Dreadnaughts easily defeated the Adrian Maples on Friday at home...
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Boys Track & Field: Dexter runs fifth at Erie Mason Invitational
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Posted: 04/06/2020 by editormary in Activists and Activism, Assad, Middle East Issues, Politics, Syria, War
The webinar series called “Commonsense (sic) on Syria” organised by Just World Educational, a “non-profit” educational organisation affiliated to a book publishing enterprise run by Helena Cobban is for the most part, an exercise in cheap propaganda. The latest session was a textbook example of how to produce propaganda for a regime, meant to be consumed by educated and informed people in the west.
This is the recipe: present only one guest that represents your narrative; allow the moderator to frame the discourse to fit that bias and never question the narrative; go so off theme of the actual topic that the talk is supposed to cover (in this case “On Western Media and Syria”); “blind the audience” with an overwhelming assortment of random notions dressed up as facts; use the topic of terrorism as the key theme of the war and play down the humanitarian situation; name drop and accuse without presenting evidence or a right of reply to the accused; filter any discourse and dissent by allowing a question time that is limited to the moderator and guest responding only to questions posed by their friends and admirers; and to top it off, give the audience the idea that what they are hearing is correct, not by presenting any kind of scholarly analysis or evidence, but by framing what is being heard as being “common sense”, a belief so correct, sound and widely held as to be an anathema to doubt it for a moment.
Even the style of the moderator is instrumental in the recipe, as she liberally throws in “air quotes” to emphasise that any view aside from her own or any alternative narrative only deserves to be ridiculed, for this tic of derision is designed to function as a mechanism that seeks to convince the viewer that is it worthless to present any counter-position, and thus excuse her lack of having provided any. In doing so, the moderator pushes to dismiss that a dialectic approach could be worthwhile as a means of the discovery of what is true.
Truth here is not the point. An excess of random information is rattled out in what looks more like a hack job and hatchet job and screed against any and every news source but that of the guest and moderator, particularly the opening screed against the NYT and the internal one against Amnesty International, MSF and HRW, which are not Western Media, but are human rights organisations. But if one actually listens and attempts to sort through the whiny list of grievances, one finds a thoroughly weak grasp of reality. Max Blumenthal pulls the “stop the sanctions” rabbit out of his hat, saying that it does not weaken the “legitimate leader of Syria, who has won the war” (in what a normal human being might see at best as nothing more than a Phyrric victory) but at the same time claims that it is desirable to do so. He claims that sanctions against Iran have caused “hundreds of thousands of deaths from Coronavirus”. Fact checking isn’t even necessary with an absurd number like that, but it if it’s true, you realise that Blumenthal has sources the rest of the world doesn’t have any access to.
Helena Cobban’s screed continues against the think tanks, including the Brookings Institution (for which her husband must have earned quite a pretty penny as a senior fellow). It should be clear to anyone (shall we say it is “common sense”?) that political ideas are associated with money, that people make good money by promoting their formulas in western think tanks and that foreign policy, and to some extent journalism, are influenced by the policies that the think tanks promote. It is yet another thing to associate these western governmental policies as proof of the narrative that the opposition to the Syrian regime stopped being genuine and was merely an instrument to push forward the USA/Israeli policy of regime change. To do so is a denial first of all of the agency of the Syrian people, and secondly, it is a dangerous disconnect from the tangled realities of the war. There is even denial of the presence of western journalists in Syria, no mention whatsoever of the hundreds of citizen journalists who have documented on a daily basis what life in wartime is actually like. There is a black hole where the awareness of this source of verifiable information and archive of documentation of all kinds is beyond the access and comprehension of Blumenthal and Cobban, becoming quite absurd to the casual observer, and a great deal more to the journalists and eyewitnesses who have collected evidence of war crimes and crimes against humanity within Syria for nine years.
To conflate, again and again, the White Helmets with a propaganda operation run by a western PR company is to miss the point of the (this time literally) hundreds of thousands of deaths by the air strikes, barrel bombs and missile attacks of the regime against areas where the regime itself has forced millions into internal displacement. Even RT, which Blumenthal mentions, has flown drones over Aleppo, showing the utter devastation of the city that had been “won” by the Russia-backed Syrian government. To claim to have “exposed” the White Helmets and to state that he, the journalist has been “attacked”, is to have a dubious connection to the meaning that flows behind words. A journalist should be criticised if the work produced is shoddy, since he or she is expected to present evidence and then to check that evidence and to even challenge it through due diligence, but in this case, even logic would suffice. Asserting that Syria was being destroyed by not allowing it to promote tourism is such an absurd claim when the reality of the destruction of Syrian homes, infrastructure and any semblance of civil functioning in all the parts the regime has (literally) attacked is before the eyes of everyone. To deny this visibile evidence denotes a detachment from reality that is frightening, but more so in the arrogance and determination with which it is presented.
It is a slap in the face to the oppressed to witness the vehemence with which Blumenthal asserts his position that everything would have been just fine if the protesters stopped in the early days, that the “legitimate government” was merely responding to the violence of the protesters and that they simply had to call Russia, Iran and Hezbollah in because these protesters were armed by the United States, with the assumption that the listener will not actually check that this arming was next to nothing and included orders to not fight against the Syrian regime in any way.
Blumenthal and Cobban constantly trip up on the trope of the proxy war as cause of the uprising in their continual denial of the maxim that correlation is not causation. They fall into the questionable cause logical fallacy in nearly every statement they make, and do not allow space for it to be challenged, because they already accept it as a truth. They put the US involvement before the involvement of any other players, including that of the Syrian intelligence/torture machine and decades of oppression and the absence of free speech within Syria due to the dynasty that refused to do anything but consolidate its power and destroy all opposition. The history of the war is rewritten with some “scare quotes” and lazy journalism.
However, the evidence they sought to produce in this webinar, that Western journalism was not presenting an accurate or a complete picture of the war was never touched upon. Because that was not really the point of the webinar. It was simply yet another exercise in propaganda for the Syrian regime, because evidently, despite their claims to the contrary, it is impossible for the Assad Regime (a name they throw in air quotes, but don’t define what it is instead of being a regime, aside from stating that it is legitimate) to celebrate a victory, when half of the country is in ruins and half of the citizens, only those that opposed the regime in power, are displaced, many of them permanently.
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Home » Blog » The World Champion: Judah Friedlander
The World Champion: Judah Friedlander
Posted by Kelly Louise Barton May 25, 2016 May 3, 2017
Sean E. Conroy
Judah Friedlander is a pretty recognizable guy. You most likely know him for his trucker hats, outrageous glasses, and his role on 30 Rock—but what you probably didn’t know is that he’s running for President. Maybe you missed him on the ballot and that’s fine (maybe you need outrageous glasses too), but it’s not too late to get in on the campaign and learn more about his platform. “The mainstream media keeps blackballing me,” Judah says. “So I gotta get the word out.”
June 10th Judah will be performing at the Creative Alliance premiering some new material from his upcoming album and feature length stand-up movie, America is the Greatest Country in the United States. This title stems from what Judah’s comedy has morphed into over the past few years: “satirizing US domestic & foreign policy as well as American Exceptionalism.”
In simpler terms, Judah is using his comedy to inform the public as he addresses our country’s issues by making audiences laugh. Judah prefers terms like “Social Commentary” to describe his work, not wanting to get mixed up in the clumsy rhetoric the term “political” now inspires. “I don’t get into the minutia of what they do on TV,” Judah clarifies, “which is just calling news like a horse race and not caring about policy.”
The shift in Judah’s comedy was originally incubated touring in Europe. “In Europe I thought I would be learning a lot about other countries, but I found I learned more about my own country,” Judah says, explaining a lot about the perspective his comedy takes, both as an insider and someone who’s been able to take a step back and see our country’s issues from various perspectives.
“It’s kind of like if you’re in a bad relationship, all your friends can see it but you can’t because you’re too close,” he says. “But you step away, and you see how pretty shit can be. That really helped me see things more.” It was this wake up call that forged his new comedic path, and instead of breaking up with the US, Judah decided to work to change it.
Judah’s dedication to policy is what makes both his campaign and platform unique. Unlike several of today’s leading nominees, Judah is open to discussing his platform freely, and encourages questions. At many of his performances he hosts what he refers to as, “mock town halls,” in which he asks audience members to put him on the spot and ask him the tough questions.
“Once when I was in London I asked the crowd if they had any questions about my presidential platform. One guy in the back goes, ‘How come poor people in your country don’t want health care?’” Judah explains, shifting to a dainty British accent without missing a beat to quote the audience member. “And I said, ‘That’s an excellent question, and one I’ve never heard posed in America.’”
These experiences in Europe opened Judah’s eyes to how uninformed our society was about our own issues. “Some of the crowds in Europe knew more about America than most Americans—they knew our politics and our policies,” he explains. “I don’t blame us, I don’t call us a stupid country, but a lot of the problem lies with the news media, especially the TV news media. They really—unbeknownst to most people—show such a small part of the news, and such a biased part of the news. And they don’t really give you much information for being on 24 hours a day. They talk about the election like it’s a race, not what’s good & bad for people.”
When I asked him about the issues he was most concerned with addressing in his campaign, he flipped the question right back at me, truly interested in a potential voter’s concerns. A bit caught off guard, I asked him about his goals to repair our economy, and how he planned on bridging the gap between our lower and upper classes.
“I’m going to raise the minimum wage to 15 bucks an hour, and I’m going to lower the maximum wage to 14.95 an hour,” Judah explained with confidence, “put the CEO’s in their place.”
What’s interesting about his work is that his stand-up while entertaining, is extremely informative in a concise way. Of course his economic platform makes sense—as utterly ridiculous as it may seem—it aims to solve a problem our country has been facing for years in truly simplistic and straightforward terms, which is something Americans don’t often see in our elections.
Photo by Phil Provencio
Something else that Judah’s act manages to highlight is how incredibly uninformed the general public is about the issues, thanks to neglectfully skewed media and a lack of society giving a shit. His comedy is allowing people to see current issues through a different lens, creating an alternative way to absorb information that society seems to gravitate towards. It’s an old trope that laughter gets us humans through the toughest of times. With the American political system in overwhelmingly troubling state that it’s in, it’s no wonder comedy like Judah’s and shows like John Oliver’s Last Weekend Tonight continue to gain attention as they provide relevant and informative content, to an audience so desperate for a pick me up.
“A lot of those shows do a better job at journalism than most TV news shows,” Judah says. “It’s a good thing MSNBC, CNN & FOX News put their logos on screen because otherwise, I don’t know if I’d be able to tell the difference between them.”
Here in Baltimore we’re all too familiar with the effects mainstream media can have on a city. How the media portrays events is such a fierce influence on how outsiders perceive experiences from a distance. It was such an insane detachment from the rest of the world, being a part of something like the Uprising first hand, and also seeing how the rest of the world was reacting.
“[Mainstream media] is such an enormous problem in our country,” Judah reflects, thankfully though, he sees an upswing of people educating themselves from these alternative platforms. “More people get their info online, and people are getting more educated through online than they are through TV news.”
This is why Judah’s comedy is so impactful. “I’m talking about a lot of issues people are concerned about. In my act I lean way, way, way, way left,” Judah admits freely, which if you take a second to listen to his work, you figure that out pretty quickly. “I try to do my act in a way so that no matter where you stand on the political spectrum, you’re going to be laughing. You might get pissed off at some times, but you’ll still be laughing.”
His material is both relatable and approachable, especially when he’s addressing his opposition head on. “To me just preaching to the choir isn’t interesting. I like tension,” Judah admits. “I think being uncomfortable in moments can be good. And I like doing things in a way that’s not shaming people. There’s a lot of that, calling the other side stupid, dumb or just wrong. I think there’s a way for satire and comedy to get your point across in a very harsh-biting way, but in a way that’s still not pandering to the side that’s with you, and not shaming the other side.” Through laughter, Judah is able to open people’s eyes to views and issues they may not have considered before. “It might not get [someone] to change their point of view, but you’ll get them to think about it.”
While the current political environment is a large influence on Judah’s act, he hasn’t lost touch of the trucker-hat persona we have all come to know at love. Along with his new feature length stand-up movie, America is the Greatest Country in the United States, Judah will release a full version of Champ vs. Drumpf. The inspiration for this sketch is almost as hilarious as the sketch itself.
“About 20 years ago I saw [Drumpf] play softball,” Judah begins, as I tried to hold back a snort, only imagining what kind of athleticism Drumpf’s capable of, I asked Judah about the spectacle, to which he simple replied, “Terrible.” The encounter happened on a field in the New York’s East River Park where the soccer team Judah played on practiced once or twice a week. In typical Drumpf fashion, Judah’s team was asked to move to make room for Drumpf’s office softball team to play on a nearby field.
“Marla Maples was really good. She was one of the only grounders throwing people out,” Judah pauses before getting to the meat of his story. “Then Drumpf grounds out to first, does a really shitty jog and gets thrown out, and I was like, ‘Wow he sucks.’” This encounter resonated so much that Judah devised his sketch to attack Drumpf in the same way he attacks others. “I think he uses a lot of bullying tactics, so I think you gotta bully him back.”
Along with Champ Vs. Drumpf, Judah’s persona has become more and more defined over the years since he first named himself, “The World Champion”. “Initially [The World Champion] was a satire on narcissism and people who brag all the time,” he says. “Then it sort of morphed into a real life superhero. There’s still elements of those things but now it’s more focused on being a champion of the world, and the rights of the world, and the people of the world.”
Through these personas, Judah has released two books over the past few years, the first How to Beat Up Anybody, reminiscent of his early comedy, the second If the Raindrops United more so in line with his current act. Both books show a great deal about Judah’s growth as a comedian and have helped define his unique style and perspective.
As Judah evolves, so does his persona, but his signature trucker hats and glasses remain. “I kinda always wore glasses and hats, and then I kinda just started jazzing up my own glasses and making my own hats and started incorporating them into my act and my persona and it morphed and grew over the years,” he says. “All the hats in my standup have stories and jokes that go along with them. Everything I wear on stage has history and stories. It all goes in with the persona, the character.”
As the editing process for America is the Greatest Country in the United States nears completion, Judah doesn’t have a tour lined up, but calls his upcoming show in Baltimore his, “Summer Tour, both beginning and ending in Baltimore.” and we can’t be more stoked he chose here for it.
Featured Image by Phil Provencio.
Kelly Louise Barton May 25, 2016
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How to Build a Co-Founder Partnership That Can Last (Decades)
Brendan Schwartz
Founder, CTO
After publishing the story of how we decided to raise debt to buy out our investors, Chris and I got a bunch of questions about how Wistia operates and how our partnership works. This is something we talk a lot about internally at Wistia, but we rarely talk about externally.
Here’s the short version: We’re equal partners, we were best friends when we started Wistia, and we’re still best friends more than 12 years later.
A lot of co-founders start out as friends, but it’s much less common for them to remain good friends a decade after starting a company together. And there’s a good reason for this: Startups are stressful. Paul Graham once wrote that “Startups do to the relationship between the founders what a dog does to a sock: If it can be pulled apart, it will be.” Over time, it’s easy to stop seeing eye to eye with your co-founder on what’s important. Priorities — and people — can change.
For Chris and me, though, it’s worked out. We don’t claim to have all the answers, but we have a few rules and principles that, over the last 12+ years, have helped guide and strengthen our co-founder relationship, as well as our friendship.
1. Go 50/50
When Chris and I started Wistia, we split the equity in the company 50/50, right down the middle. Later on, when we started paying ourselves a salary, we made (and have kept) those the same, too — despite lawyers, investors, and advisors warning us against it. One of the most common objections we heard to the 50/50 equity split was that when you’re facing tough decisions you can’t agree on, one founder needs to be empowered to take action. Otherwise, it’s believed that you’ll stalemate the business. One of the founders should have slightly more equity to avoid this.
The problem with this thinking — and why we’ve kept it 50/50 over all these years — is that making decisions based on ownership percentage feels worse to us than temporarily disagreeing on something. Reaching agreement is what matters. If you reach an impasse and whoever holds a percentage point more equity ends up unilaterally making the decision, it causes frustration. It puts a strain on your relationship. And aside from that, you’re likely not going to make the best decision.
Regarding salary, conventional wisdom is to pay each person based on their role. For example, if you’re the CEO, you get a CEO’s salary. If you’re a CTO, you get a CTO’s salary. This generally makes sense, but not in the case of an equal partnership. We knew each of our efforts and contributions to the business was never going to be completely equal, especially week to week. In stressful times, inequity in compensation is an easy thing to fixate on: “Why am I working twice as much this week, but getting paid less?” We’ve found that paying ourselves the same has helped to stop resentment from creeping in, especially when the going gets tough.
“We’ve found that paying ourselves the same has helped to stop resentment from creeping in, especially when the going gets tough.”
To sum this all up: If you’re building a true, equal partnership, make sure your compensation and ownership reflect that.
2. Friends first, business partners second
Part of why I think we’ve remained close for so long is that we decided early on that our friendship always comes first and the business comes second.
We’ve all heard the expression, “It’s not personal; it’s just business.” Hearing that phrase disgusts me because of the unspoken second part: “ … and I care about this business and myself more than I care about my relationship with you.” I don’t believe that anyone can effectively compartmentalize professional and personal relationships while caring deeply about others. It’s just not how we’re wired as humans.
And relationships take real work. When business comes first, it’s easy to deflect attention from personal conflicts and the emotions that come with them. Over time, though, avoiding those kinds of issues will destroy a relationship. With putting our friendship first, it’s understood that if we disagree or either of us is feeling upset or frustrated, resolving that gets top priority.
Being friends first and business partners second is important, not just for you as a person, but for the company. There are almost definitely going to be very hard times when you start a company, and in those hard times, your friendships are what sustain you.
Lastly, beyond being better for you and your company’s long-term stability, building a company with someone who is your friend first, well — it’s just more fun.
3. Don’t “disagree and commit”
In our time running Wistia, the idea that you should “disagree and commit” to solve conflicts is not one that Chris and I have found useful. The idea behind disagree and commit makes sense: acting rather than not acting. If you’re constantly hamstrung by indecision and can’t get things done, it makes a lot of sense. And it especially makes sense to apply at scale in a big organization.
But, if you’re in a co-founder relationship where you’re both passionate about what you’re building, disagreeing and committing can be a toxic behavior. If your best work comes out of being passionate, you don’t ever want to say, “Yep, fine. Let’s do your thing,” when you set out on a new project. And if you want your relationship to last, you don’t ever want to give yourself or anyone else the ability to look back and say, “Told you so.”
Doing great work, for us, is about passion. It’s about two people with deep buy-in on what they’re doing, not one person with an idea and the other person helping execute on it. For that reason, we avoid committing to something we don’t both fully agree on — and do whatever we can to find that agreement.
“Doing great work, for us, is about passion. It’s about two people with deep buy-in on what they’re doing, not one person with an idea and the other person helping execute on it.”
4. Divide and conquer is not a sustainable strategy
A lot of people think that they should divide and conquer with their co-founders: most commonly, with one person doing sales and the other building the product. For Chris and I, though, collaborating together on all aspects of the business has been key to keeping our relationship in sync and operating at a high level of performance.
Part of this is specific to the kind of relationship we’ve tried to build. We prioritize agreement over immediate action. Because of this, we need to stay highly in sync — any lack of alignment comes out in sharp relief.
Traditionally, when you bring together a “tech” or “design” founder and a “business” or “sales” founder, you end up working in silos. It creates the feeling that everyone should only focus on their own domain. In a strong partnership, though, you want to be able to give and take input on all parts of the business.
I may have been primarily responsible for designing and building the product early on, but we wouldn’t have been (and continue to be) successful without Chris’s instincts on product direction and thoughts on the minute details of the product. In those early days, we’d even have long discussions to talk through the technical architecture, despite Chris not having any experience building these systems. Having these conversations forced me to reach a high level of clarity and simplicity. Plus, understanding how our systems were built was also helpful context for Chris when thinking about sales and marketing.
The more Chris and I have tried to “divide and conquer," the more we have tended to drift apart and get out of sync.
5. Have a shared concept of success
One of the biggest reasons why co-founder relationships fall apart over the long term is mismatched concepts of success. One co-founder (whether they acknowledge it openly or not) wants to build a huge company, while one founder wants a huge payout. One co-founder wants to build a simple product for small businesses, while the other wants something highly configurable for enterprises.
When your views of success are misaligned, it’s almost impossible to sustain a relationship over the long term. But when you believe in the same concept, your power as a team is much greater.
Honestly, I feel like we got lucky with this one. What we really wanted out of Wistia wasn’t clear to us from the start. We originally thought that we’d either sell to Google in six months (and be rich) or go out of business and never tell anyone we ever started a company. Neither of us could have predicted we’d still be building Wistia more than a decade later.
What we’ve found through this journey is that for both of us, Wistia is one big creative outlet. We value our independence and the enjoyment of our work over money.
Having these shared values is what allowed us to make the decision to raise debt to buy out our investors instead of selling the business and cashing out.
Building a co-founder relationship that lasts isn’t going to happen with just anyone. And it isn’t going to happen without putting in a lot of work. The perks of building a company with your best friend, however, are huge.
You’ll learn more, and you’ll get better faster. You’ll have someone to commiserate with in the hard times. Most importantly, you’ll have someone with whom you can truly share the distinct joy and satisfaction of building something you both care deeply about.
How an Offer to Sell Wistia Inspired Us to Take On $17M in Debt
Learn why our founders chose the path less traveled in the tech industry to keep building a lasting, creatively-driven, independent business at Wistia.
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The second edition of the Choose France Awards took place on December 10th, aiming to salute international investors’ commitment to French regions’ dynamism.
Business France decided to honor five international investors established in France, based on different criteria: Ecological Transition, Competitiveness & Innovation, Cohesion & Solidarity, and two additional: one chosen by the Jury and one concerning the COVID-19 crisis management.
Over 50 companies from 21 countries established in 12 French Regions were submitted as participants to the Awards.
It was with great pleasure that the Jury elected 2 Nordic companies for the “Ecological Transition” prize and the “Special Jury” prize.
Novo Nordisk rewarded for its efforts towards green transition
The “Ecological Transition” prize was awarded to Novo Nordisk, a Danish pharmaceutical company which, from 2019-2020, invested €50 million in its Chartres site (Centre-Val de Loire region), aiming to use green energies for its production activities solely. The plan is to use green electricity by the end of 2020, gas by the end of 2022, and reduce CO2 emissions to zero by 2030.
Headquartered in Denmark, Novo Nordisk is a leading global healthcare company in the treatment of diabetes. The company also occupies a top position in hemophilia, growth disorders, and menopause treatments. It employs over 43,200 people in about 80 countries globally and commercializes its products in 170 countries.
In France, Novo Nordisk employs 1,570 people in Chartres (Eure-et-Loir), making it the department’s first industrial employer. Chartres’ site produces treatments for over 7 million patients in 85+ countries and is, therefore, one of the world’s largest insulin production sites and the group’s second production site. It is one of the first locations where the Circular For Zero strategy was adopted, which has the ambition to make Novo Nordisk a neutral carbon impact company. The company aims at achieving its carbon neutrality objective by adopting a circular approach throughout its value chain – from product design to end of life, including production. Since January 2020, all of the firm’s medicines and injection pens are produced solely from renewable energies. Novo Nordisk will continue and intensify its efforts in the years to come.
Read more: 2019, best year ever for Nordic and Danish investments in France
Recipharm rewarded for the production of COVID-19 vaccine
The “Special Jury” prize was given to the Swedish company Recipharm, whose Monts site (Centre-Val de Loire region) has produced the pharmaceutical form of the Moderna vaccine in just four months, compared with three years, which is the usual amount of time for a project of this scope.
Recipharm, established in 1995 and listed on NASDAQ Stockholm, is a leading Contract Development and Manufacturing Organisation (CDMO). It currently employs 9,000 people around the world.
The company is established in France since 2007 and has four sites (Fontaine-lès-Dijon (21), Kaysersberg (68), Monts (37), and Pessac (33)) and is experiencing real success in 2020 for its business model. The firm is, therefore, increasing its development projects in its different sites.
Last November, the company chose its Monts site to sign a letter of intent for the aseptic fill-finish manufacturing of Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine candidate (mRNA-1273). The site, a specialist in the manufacturing of sterile products in glass containers, currently employs 200 people and comprises several filling lines (dedicated to glass vials for injection and filling aseptic cartridges). Such a vast project will enable the company to expand its production lines to double its manufacturing capacities.
Read more: France seized 2020 as an opportunity to become stronger
As the awards show, both companies represent significant assets for France’s dynamism and attractiveness and are part of a larger Nordic companies scene present on the territory. The Choose France Awards 2020 highlighted the importance of such a Nordic presence and its value for France.
Contact us for more information or guidance in your investment project in France.
Article written by Raphaëlle Delin.
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Speaking with attendees at the World of Women for World Peace Conference, hosted by Congresswoman Eddie B. Johnson, Dallas, TX 2014
Rais speaking with refugee children, who wanted to feel the bullet fragments under his skin, from Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan during an annual speaking tour for the Community of Sant’Egidio, Wurzburg, Germany, 2016
Speaking at Southern Methodist University, Dallas on the 10th Anniversary of 9/11.
Speaking with students at Glastonbury High School. Photo: Hartford Courant, Glastonbury, CT, 2012
Rais’ story highlighted in Reader’s Digest, interview by Mike Sager, Dallas, TX, 2013
Presenting a copy of The True American: Murder & Mercy in Texas to Mrs. Ban Ki-Moon, NYC, NY 2015
CAIR Award accepting speech
Rais outside of the Coliseum in Rome providing testimony on the death penalty during his speaking tour for Community of Sant’Egidio
Sharing his story with congregation members at a church in Bath, England, 2013
Speaking at Dubuque University, Dubuque, IA, 2016
Speaking at NorthWestern University, Evanston, IL, 2015. Photo: Aasil Ahmad
Speaking with the congregation at the First Unitarian Church in Dallas, TX, 2016
With inmates in a maximum security prison in Genoa, Italy during and annual speaking tour for the Community of Sant’Egidio, 2013
Rais hugging an emotional inmate who walked up to him during his talk at a maximum security prison, Genoa, Italy, 2013
At the World of Woman for Peace Conference hosted by Congresswoman Eddie B. Johnson, Dallas, TX 2014
Rais with a Syrian refugee student thanking for his inspirational discussion, Wurzburg, Germany, 2015
Rais engaging with high school students in Berlin, Germany, 2016
Esquire Magazine’s Americans of the Year feature, 2011
Receiving an award from Search For Common Ground, Washington, DC, 2011
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Starting at $19.44 per book
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A deeply moving memoir about the year that would forever change both a family and a country.
In November 2014, thirteen members of the Biden family gathered on Nantucket for Thanksgiving, a tradition they had been celebrating for the past forty years; it was the one constant in what had become a hectic, scrutinized, and overscheduled life. The Thanksgiving holiday was a much-needed respite, a time to connect, a time to reflect on what the year had brought, and what the future might hold. But this year felt different from all those that had come before. Joe and Jill Biden’s eldest son, Beau, had been diagnosed with a malignant brain tumor fifteen months earlier, and his survival was uncertain. “Promise me, Dad,” Beau had told his father. “Give me your word that no matter what happens, you’re going to be all right.” Joe Biden gave him his word.
Promise Me, Dad chronicles the year that followed, which would be the most momentous and challenging in Joe Biden’s extraordinary life and career. Vice President Biden traveled more than a hundred thousand miles that year, across the world, dealing with crises in Ukraine, Central America, and Iraq. When a call came from New York, or Capitol Hill, or Kyiv, or Baghdad—“Joe, I need your help”—he responded. For twelve months, while Beau fought for and then lost his life, the vice president balanced the twin imperatives of living up to his responsibilities to his country and his responsibilities to his family. And never far away was the insistent and urgent question of whether he should seek the presidency in 2016.
The year brought real triumph and accomplishment, and wrenching pain. But even in the worst times, Biden was able to lean on the strength of his long, deep bonds with his family, on his faith, and on his deepening friendship with the man in the Oval Office, Barack Obama.
Writing with poignancy and immediacy, Joe Biden allows readers to feel the urgency of each moment, to experience the days when he felt unable to move forward as well as the days when he felt like he could not afford to stop.
This is a book written not just by the vice president, but by a father, grandfather, friend, and husband. Promise Me, Dad is a story of how family and friendships sustain us and how hope, purpose, and action can guide us through the pain of personal loss into the light of a new future.
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Kingston upon Hull War Memorial 1914 - 1918
The story of Hull in World War 1
Hull Housing & “Homes Fit for Heroes”
Air Raids on Hull
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Voluntary Aid Detachments (VADs)
Hull before 1914
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Hull Trade, Industry and Output
Hull Sportsmen
The “Hull Pals” and the Hull City Hall Recruitment Office
10 Surprising Laws passed in the First World War.
Defence of the Realm Act (DORA)
Armistice, Peace & Hull Street Parties.
Hull’s Jewish Community
Fighting for Other Nations
Hull Civilians killed in WW1 Air Raids
Jack Cunningham, VC
Executed at Dawn
The War Afloat – Hull’s War at Sea
Hull’s Minesweeping war
Hull’s Minesweepers
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Hull’s Submariners
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The Great War 1914-18
The Beginning of the War for Britain
Influenza Epidemic 1918-1919
A Global War
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The Commonwealth Nations and Ireland in WW1
Women in the First World War
The Cost in Lives
The Financial Cost of WW1
The Legacy of WW1
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WW1 Wounded – the Aftermath
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THE CITY OF HULL GREAT WAR TRUST
The East Yorkshire Regiment
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Gallipoli, Turkey, 1915
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102nd Ontario Regiment (2) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 10th Alberta Regiment (7) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 138th Alberta Regiment (1) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 13th Quebec Regiment (2) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 147th Ontario Regiment (1) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 15th Ontario Highland Regiment (3) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 16th Manitoba Highland Regiment (5) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 19th Ontario Regiment (1) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 1st Mounted Rifles A Company (1) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 20th Ontario Regiment (2) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 238th Regiment (1) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 24th Regiment (2) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 28th Saskatchewan Regiment (2) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 29th Columbia Regiment (2) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 2nd Columbia Mounted Rifles (5) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 2nd Ontario Regiment (3) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 2nd Railway 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CEF, 72nd Columbia Regiment (2) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 78th Manitoba Regiment (2) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 7th Columbia Black Watch (5) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 7th Columbia Black Watch Mgs (1) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 7th Railway Troops (1) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 87th Grenadier Guards (1) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, 8th Field Artillery (1) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, Medical Corps (1) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, Medical Corps No 2 Training Unit (1) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, Princess Patricia's Light Infantry (3) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, Royal Army Medical Corps, 5th Field Ambulance (1) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, Royal Engineers 3rd Field Company (7) Canadian Expeditionary Force CEF, Veterinary Corps (1) Cheshire Regiment 1/4th Battalion (1) Cheshire Regiment 11th Battalion (1) Cheshire Regiment 12th Battalion (1) Cheshire Regiment 15th Battalion (1) Cheshire Regiment 16th Battalion (4) Cheshire Regiment 1st Battalion (1) Cheshire Regiment 22nd Battalion (4) Cheshire Regiment 2nd Battalion (1) Cheshire Regiment 6th Battalion (1) Cheshire Regiment 8th Battalion (1) Cheshire Regiment 9th Battalion (1) Coldstream Guards (9) Coldstream Guards 1st Battalion (45) Coldstream Guards 1st Battalion (2) Coldstream Guards 1st Battalion D Company (1) Coldstream Guards 1st Battalion, 3rd Platoon (1) Coldstream Guards 2nd Battalion (34) Coldstream Guards 2nd Battalion, 1st Company (1) Coldstream Guards 2nd Battalion, 3rd Company (1) Coldstream Guards 3rd Battalion (24) Coldstream Guards 4th Battalion (6) Coldstream Guards 4th Battalion B Company (1) Coldstream Guards 5th Battalion (Engineers) (2) Connaught Rangers (The Devil's Own) 1st Battalion (1) Connaught Rangers (The Devil's Own) 5th Battalion (1) Connaught Rangers (The Devil's Own) 6th Battalion (1) Derbyshire Yeomanry (1) Devonshire Regiment 1/4th Battalion (1) Devonshire Regiment 1st Garrison (3) Devonshire Regiment 2nd Battalion (1) Dorset Regiment 1st Battalion (3) Dorset Regiment 2/4th Battalion (2) Dorset Regiment 3rd Battalion (1) Dorset Regiment 5th Battalion (4) Dorset Regiment 6th Battalion (3) Dorset Yeomanry (1) Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry (DCLI), 10th Battalion (1) Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry (DCLI), 1st Battalion (1) Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry (DCLI), 1st Battalion B Company (1) Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry (DCLI), 6th Battalion (1) Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry (DCLI), 7th Battalion (1) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 1/4th Battalion (7) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 1/5th Battalion (6) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 1/5th Battalion (1) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 1/6th Battalion (5) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 1/7th Battalion (3) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 10th Battalion (2) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 2/4th Battalion (6) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 2/5th Battalion (15) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 2/6th Battalion (1) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 2/7th Battalion (1) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 2nd Battalion (28) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 2nd Battalion, B Company (1) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 2nd/1st Engineer Battalion (1) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 3rd Battalion (1) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 8th Battalion (7) Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment 9th Battalion (6) Durham Light Infantry DLI (6) Durham Light Infantry DLI 1/5th Battalion (7) Durham Light Infantry DLI 1/5th Battalion B Company (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 1/5th Battalion D Company (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 1/6th Battalion (7) Durham Light Infantry DLI 1/7th Pioneers Battalion (10) Durham Light Infantry DLI 1/8th Battalion (3) Durham Light Infantry DLI 1/8th Battalion C Company (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 1/9th Battalion (2) Durham Light Infantry DLI 10th Battalion (13) Durham Light Infantry DLI 10th Battalion D Company (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 11th Battalion (3) Durham Light Infantry DLI 11th Battalion D Company (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 12th Battalion (6) Durham Light Infantry DLI 12th Battalion A Company (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 13th Battalion (3) Durham Light Infantry DLI 14th Battalion (7) Durham Light Infantry DLI 15th Battalion (40) Durham Light Infantry DLI 15th Battalion D Company (3) Durham Light Infantry DLI 18th Battalion (11) Durham Light Infantry DLI 18th Battalion D Company (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 19th Battalion (11) Durham Light Infantry DLI 19th Battalion D Company (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 19th Battalion F Company (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 19th Battalion Z Company (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 1st Battalion (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 2/6th Battalion (2) Durham Light Infantry DLI 2/7th Battalion (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 20th Battalion Pioneers (5) Durham Light Infantry DLI 22nd Battalion Pioneers (22) Durham Light Infantry DLI 25th Battalion Pioneers (2) Durham Light Infantry DLI 27th Battalion (3) Durham Light Infantry DLI 29th Battalion (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 2nd Battalion (21) Durham Light Infantry DLI 4th Battalion (3) Durham Light Infantry DLI 52nd Battalion (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 52nd Battalion A Company (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 53rd Battalion (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 5th Battalion (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 6th Battalion (2) Durham Light Infantry DLI 8th Battalion (1) Durham Light Infantry DLI 9th Battalion (2) East Lancashire Regiment 1 5th Battalion (2) East Lancashire Regiment 1/4th Battalion (1) East Lancashire Regiment 11th Battalion (14) East Lancashire Regiment 13th Battalion (2) East Lancashire Regiment 1st Battalion (1) East Lancashire Regiment 2nd Battalion (5) East Lancashire Regiment 6th Battalion (2) East Lancashire Regiment 7th Battalion (1) East Lancashire Regiment 8th Battalion (1) East Riding Royal Garrison Artillery (ERRGA), 2nd Battery (2) East Surrey Regiment 13th Battalion (1) East Surrey Regiment 1st Battalion (3) East Surrey Regiment 7th Battalion (1) East Surrey Regiment 8th Battalion (2) East Surrey Regiment 9th Battalion (1) Essex Regiment 1/5th Battalion (3) Essex Regiment 10th Battalion (3) Essex Regiment 11th Battalion (2) Essex Regiment 13th Battalion (1) Essex Regiment 1st Battalion (1) Essex Regiment 6th Battalion (1) Essex Regiment 9th Battalion (3) Gloucestershire Regiment 1/4th Battalion (3) Gloucestershire Regiment 2/4th Battalion (1) Gloucestershire Regiment 2/5th Battalion (1) Gloucestershire Regiment 2nd Battalion (1) Gloucestershire Regiment 3rd Battalion (1) Gloucestershire Regiment 7th Battalion (1) Gloucestershire Regiment 8th Battalion (4) Gordon Highlanders 10th Battalion (1) Gordon Highlanders 1st Battalion (6) Gordon Highlanders 5th Battalion (1) Gordon Highlanders 6th Battalion (2) Gordon Highlanders 8th Battalion (1) Grenadier Guards 1st Battalion (1) Grenadier Guards 2nd Battalion (2) Grenadier Guards 3rd Battalion (1) Grenadier Guards 4th Battalion (1) Hampshire Regiment 1/9th Cyclist Battalion (1) Hampshire Regiment 10th Service Battalion (2) Hampshire Regiment 15th Service Battalion (2nd Portsmouth) (1) Hampshire Regiment 1st Battalion (1) Hampshire Regiment 2nd Battalion (1) Highland Light Infantry (HLI), 10/11th battalion (1) Highland Light Infantry (HLI), 11th Battalion (1) Highland Light Infantry (HLI), 14th Battalion (1) Highland Light Infantry (HLI), 15th Battalion (1) Highland Light Infantry (HLI), 17th Battalion (2) Highland Light Infantry (HLI), 18th Battalion (2) Highland Light Infantry (HLI), 1st Battalion (1) Highland Light Infantry (HLI), 2nd Battalion (3) Honourable Artillery Company (HAC) (1) Household Cavalry Battalion (2) Household Cavalry Battalion 2nd Life Guards (1) Imperial Camel Corps Brigade (ICCB), 10th Company (1) Imperial Camel Corps Brigade (ICCB), 10th Company (2) Imperial Camel Corps Brigade Iccb (2) King's Own Royal Lancaster Regiment (1) King's Own Royal Lancaster Regiment 1/5th Battalion (2) King's Own Royal Lancaster Regiment 1st Battalion (4) King's Own Royal Lancaster Regiment 2/5th Battalion (1) King's Own Royal Lancaster Regiment 2nd Battalion (1) King's Own Royal Lancaster Regiment 7th Battalion (1) King's Own Royal Lancaster Regiment 8th Battalion (3) King's Own Royal Lancaster Regiment 8thbattalion (1) King's Own Scottish Borderers (KOSB) 1/5th (Dumfries Galloway) Battalion (2) King's Own Scottish Borderers (KOSB), 1st Battalion (4) King's Own Scottish Borderers (KOSB), 2nd Battalion (2) King's Own Scottish Borderers (KOSB), 6th Battalion (2) King's Own Scottish Borderers (KOSB), 7th Battalion (3) King's Own Scottish Borderers (KOSB), 8th Battalion (1) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI) (6) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 1/4th Battalion (16) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 1/5th Battalion (16) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 10th Battalion (16) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 12th Battalion (1) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 14th Battalion (1) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 15th Battalion (1) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 1st Battalion (13) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 2/4th Battalion (20) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 2/4th Battalion A Company (1) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 2/5th Battalion (5) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 2nd Battalion (34) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 2nd Battalion, A Company (1) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 2nd Battalion, D Company (1) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 3rd Battalion (14) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 4th Battalion (2) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 53rd (Young Soldier) Battalion (2) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 5th Battalion (1) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 6th Battalion (13) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 6th Battalion, B Company (1) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 7th Battalion (7) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 8th Battalion (16) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 8th Battalion B Company (1) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 9th Battalion (29) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 9th Battalion B Company (1) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), 9th Battalion C Company (1) King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry (KOYLI), Depot (3) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC) (1) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 10th Battalion (1) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 11th Battalion (1) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 11th Battalion D Company (1) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 12th Battalion (5) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 12th Battalion (1) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 16th Battalion (4) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 18th Battalion (1) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 1st Battalion (5) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 20th Battalion (3) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 21st Battalion (14) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 21st Battalion, A Company (1) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 25th Battalion (1) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 2nd Battalion (10) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 3rd Battalion (4) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 4th Battalion (1) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 6th Battalion (1) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 7th Battalion (4) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 9th Battalion, B Company, 7th Platoon (1) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 9th Battalion, C Company (1) King's Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), Depot (1) King's Shropshire Light Infantry 10th Battalion (2) King's Shropshire Light Infantry 1st Battalion (1) King's Shropshire Light Infantry 2nd Battalion (1) King's Shropshire Light Infantry 5th Battalion (1) King's Shropshire Light Infantry 6th Battalion (1) King's Shropshire Light Infantry 7th Battalion (5) Kings Royal Rifle Corps (KRRC), 8th Battalion (3) Labour Corps (16) Labour Corps 114th Company (1) Labour Corps 116th Company 22nd Battalion (1) Labour Corps 199th Company (1) Labour Corps 244th Employment Company (2) Labour Corps 249th Employment Company (1) Labour Corps 294th Company (1) Labour Corps 31st Company (1) Labour Corps 33rd Company (1) Labour Corps 355th Company (1) Labour Corps 372nd Company (1) Labour Corps 399th Company (1) Labour Corps 407th Agricultural Company (1) Labour Corps 40th Company (1) Labour Corps 414th Agricultural Company (2) Labour Corps 42nd Company (Prisoners of War) (1) Labour Corps 46th Company (2) Labour Corps 488th Company (1) Labour Corps 491st Company (1) Labour Corps 497th Agricultural Company (1) Labour Corps 49th Company (1) Labour Corps 500th Employment Company (1) Labour Corps 514th Agricultural Company (1) Labour Corps 57th Company (1) Labour Corps 617th Agricultural Company (1) Labour Corps 721st Company (1) Labour Corps 731rd Company (1) Labour Corps 783rd Employment Company (1) Labour Corps 78th Company (1) Labour Corps 803rd Employment Company (1) Labour Corps 812th Employment Company (1) Labour Corps 820th Employment Company (1) Labour Corps 82nd Company (1) Labour Corps 850th Employment Company (2) Labour Corps 8th Company (1) Labour Corps 942nd Employment Company (1) Labour Corps 970th Employment Company (1) Lancashire Fusiliers (1) Lancashire Fusiliers 1/5th Battalion (1) Lancashire Fusiliers 1/6th Battalion (3) Lancashire Fusiliers 1/7th Battalion (1) Lancashire Fusiliers 1/8th Battalion (2) Lancashire Fusiliers 10th Battalion (4) Lancashire Fusiliers 11th Battalion (2) Lancashire Fusiliers 15th Battalion (6) Lancashire Fusiliers 16th Battalion (3) Lancashire Fusiliers 17th Battalion (1) Lancashire Fusiliers 18th Battalion (2) Lancashire Fusiliers 1st Battalion (8) Lancashire Fusiliers 2/5th Battalion (2) Lancashire Fusiliers 2/7th Battalion (2) Lancashire Fusiliers 20th Battalion (2) Lancashire Fusiliers 2nd Battalion (11) Lancashire Fusiliers 3rd Battalion (3) Lancashire Fusiliers 3rd Battalion A Company (1) Lancashire Fusiliers 3rd Battalion B Company (1) Lancashire Fusiliers 4th Battalion F Company (1) Lancashire Fusiliers 9th Battalion (6) Leicestershire Regiment 1/4th Battalion (2) Leicestershire Regiment 11th Battalion (1) Leicestershire Regiment 12th Battalion (1) Leicestershire Regiment 1st Battalion (3) Leicestershire Regiment 2/4th Battalion (2) Leicestershire Regiment 2nd Battalion (5) Leicestershire Regiment 3rd Battalion (3) Leicestershire Regiment 3rd Battalion, B Company (1) Leicestershire Regiment 3rd Battalion, C Company (2) Leicestershire Regiment 3rd Battalion, E Company (1) Leicestershire Regiment 6th Battalion (9) Leicestershire Regiment 6th Battalion D Company (1) Leicestershire Regiment 7th Battalion (3) Leicestershire Regiment 8th Battalion (2) Leicestershire Regiment 9th Battalion (2) Leinster Regiment 2nd Battalion (4) Life Guards 1st Troop (1) Life Guards, 2nd Troop (1) Lincolnshire Regiment (4) Lincolnshire Regiment (Depot) (2) Lincolnshire Regiment 1/4th Battalion (1) Lincolnshire Regiment 1/5th Battalion (10) Lincolnshire Regiment 1/5th Battalion (9) Lincolnshire Regiment 10th Battalion (2) Lincolnshire Regiment 10th Battalion (Grimsby Chums) (9) Lincolnshire Regiment 11th Battalion (1) Lincolnshire Regiment 13th Battalion (3) Lincolnshire Regiment 1st Battalion (30) Lincolnshire Regiment 1st Battalion A Company (1) Lincolnshire Regiment 1st Battalion B Company (1) Lincolnshire Regiment 1st Garrison Battalion (1) Lincolnshire Regiment 2/3rd Battalion (2) Lincolnshire Regiment 2/4th Battalion (1) Lincolnshire Regiment 2/5th Battalion (6) Lincolnshire Regiment 2nd Battalion (21) Lincolnshire Regiment 2nd Battalion A Company (1) Lincolnshire Regiment 2nd Battalion, D Company (1) Lincolnshire Regiment 3rd Battalion (3) Lincolnshire Regiment 4th Battalion (4) Lincolnshire Regiment 4th Battalion D Company (1) Lincolnshire Regiment 5th Battalion A Company (1) Lincolnshire Regiment 6th Battalion (13) Lincolnshire Regiment 6th Battalion A Company (1) Lincolnshire Regiment 7th Battalion (30) Lincolnshire Regiment 7th Battalion E Company (1) Lincolnshire Regiment 8th Battalion (8) Liverpool Regiment 1/10th Battalion (Scottish) (4) Liverpool Regiment 1/6th Battalion (3) Liverpool Regiment 11th Battalion (1) Liverpool Regiment 12th Battalion (3) Liverpool Regiment 13th Battalion (5) Liverpool Regiment 14th Battalion (2) Liverpool Regiment 17th Battalion (1st Liverpool Pals) (2) Liverpool Regiment 18th Battalion 2nd Liverpool Pals (1) Liverpool Regiment 19th Battalion (3rd Liverpool Pals) (1) Liverpool Regiment 1st Battalion (1) Liverpool Regiment 1st Battalion C Company (1) Liverpool Regiment 2/8th Battalion (Irish) (1) Liverpool Regiment 2nd Battalion (1) Liverpool Regiment 4th Battalion (2) Liverpool Regiment 5th Battalion (3) Liverpool Regiment 6th Battalion (3) Liverpool Regiment 7th Battalion (1) Liverpool Regiment 8th Battalion (1) Liverpool Regiment 9th Battalion (1) London Regiment 1/10th County of London Battalion (Hackney Rifles) (2) London Regiment 1/11th County of London Battalion (Finsbury Rifles) (1) London Regiment 1/14th County of London Battalion London (Scottish) (1) London Regiment 1/16th County of London Battalion (Queen's Westminster Rifles) (2) London Regiment 1/1st City of London Battalion, Royal Fusiliers (2) London Regiment 1/22nd County of London Battalion (the Queen's) (2) London Regiment 1/5th City of London Battalion London Rifle Brigade (1) London Regiment 1/6th City of London Battalion Rifles (3) London Regiment 1/7th City of London Battalion (2) London Regiment 1/8th City of London Battalion (Post Office Rifles) (5) London Regiment 1/9th County of London Battalion (Queen Victoria Rifles) (6) London Regiment 13th County of London Battalion Kensington (1) London Regiment 2/10th County of London Battalion (Hackney) (1) London Regiment 2/15th County of London Battalion Civil Service Rifles (1) London Regiment 2/19th County of London Battalion (St Pancras) (1) London Regiment 2/1st (City of London) Battalion (Royal Fusiliers) (1) London Regiment 2/1st (City of London) Battalion Royal Fusiliers (2) London Regiment 2/24th County of London Battalion (the Queen's) (1) London Regiment 2/5th City of London Battalion London Rifle Brigade (1) London Regiment 2/8th City of London Battalion (Post Office Rifles) (4) London Regiment 3/16th City of London Battalion (Post Office Rifles) (1) Loyal North Lancashire Regiment 1/5th Battalion (2) Loyal North Lancashire Regiment 10th Battalion (2) Loyal North Lancashire Regiment 11th Battalion (1) Loyal North Lancashire Regiment 1st Battalion (2) Loyal North Lancashire Regiment 2/4th Battalion (3) Loyal North Lancashire Regiment 4/5th Battalion (1) Loyal North Lancashire Regiment 4th Battalion (1) Loyal North Lancashire Regiment 6th Battalion (1) Loyal North Lancashire Regiment 8th Battalion (1) Loyal North Lancashire Regiment 9th Battalion (3) Machine Gun Corps (Cavalry), 20th Squadron (1) Machine Gun Corps (Cavalry), 21st Squadron (1) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry) 102nd Company, Lincs & East Riding (6) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 152nd Company (4) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 182nd Company (1) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 203rd Company (1) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 208th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 20th Company (attached To 3rd East Yorkshire Regiment) (1) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 214th Company (2) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 217th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 21st Company A Company (2) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 22nd Company (1) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 239th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 23rd Company (1) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 25th Company (3) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 26th Company (Black Watch) (1) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 271st Company (2) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 275th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 27th Company (2) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 29th Company (2) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 2nd Company (2) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 2nd Company (Depot) (1) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 32nd Company (3) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 42nd Company (2) Machine Gun Corps (Infantry), 92nd Company (3) Machine Gun Corps (MGC) (4) Machine Gun Corps (Transport) 1st Company (1) Machine Gun Corps 203rd Company (Cavalry) (1) Machine Gun Corps Cavalry 18th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry (3) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 101st Company (2) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 103rd Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 107th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 115th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 13th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 150th Company (7) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 15th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 173rd Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 189th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 18th Company (2) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 19th Company (3) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 1st Depot Company (2) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 21st Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 30th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 31st Company (6) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 33rd Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 34th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 37th Company (2) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 38th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 39th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 3rd Company (2) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 40th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 41st Company (3) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 47th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 49th Company (2) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 4th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 50th Company (6) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 51st Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 51st Company (Highland Light Infantry) (4) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 53rd Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 54th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 57th Company (2) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 58th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 59th Company (4) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 5th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 61st Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 63rd Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 64th Company (3) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 66th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 6th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 83rd Company (4) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 8th Company (3) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 90th Company (6) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 93rd Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 97th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 9th Company (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry 9th Company Depot (1) Machine Gun Corps Infantry, Base Depot (1) Manchester Regiment 1/6th Battalion (4) Manchester Regiment 1/7th Battalion (2) Manchester Regiment 11th Battalion (1) Manchester Regiment 12th Battalion (1) Manchester Regiment 18th Battalion (2) Manchester Regiment 19th Battalion (2) Manchester Regiment 1st Battalion (4) Manchester Regiment 2/5th Battalion (1) Manchester Regiment 2/7th Battalion (6) Manchester Regiment 2/7th Battalion B Company (1) Manchester Regiment 2/8th Battalion (1) Manchester Regiment 20th Battalion (4) Manchester Regiment 21st Battalion (1) Manchester Regiment 22nd Battalion (2) Manchester Regiment 26th Battalion (1) Manchester Regiment 2nd Battalion (3) Manchester Regiment 3rd Battalion (2) Mercantile Marine Reserve (MMR) (2) Merchant Navy, Steam Ship (S/S) (7) Merchant Steam Trawler (S/T) (1) Merchantile Marine (MM) (25) Merchantile Marine Merchant Navy (2) Middlesex Regiment (2) Middlesex Regiment 1/10th Battalion (3) Middlesex Regiment 1/5th Battalion (1) Middlesex Regiment 1/7th Battalion (2) Middlesex Regiment 12th Battalion (1) Middlesex Regiment 13th Battalion (3) Middlesex Regiment 14th Battalion (1) Middlesex Regiment 16th Battalion (Public Schools) (1) Middlesex Regiment 17th Battalion (1st Football) (1) Middlesex Regiment 18th Battalion (1st Public Works Pioneers) (1) Middlesex Regiment 19th Battalion (2nd Public Works Pioneers) (2) Middlesex Regiment 20th Battalion (Shoreditch) (1) Middlesex Regiment 2nd Battalion (1) Middlesex Regiment 2nd Battalion. D Company (1) Middlesex Regiment 3/10th Battalion (2) Middlesex Regiment 30th (Works Battalion) (1) Middlesex Regiment 31st (Works Battalion) (1) Middlesex Regiment 4th Battalion (3) Military Police (5) MM F/V "Fitzroy" (1) MM Fishing Vessel "Caliban" (Hull) (1) MM Fishing Vessel "Cassiopeia" (1) MM Fishing Vessel "Clair" (1) MM Fishing Vessel "Eastward Ho" (1) MM Fishing Vessel "Lucida" (1) MM Fishing Vessel "Southward" (2) MM Fishing Vessel "Yokohama" (1) MM Fishing Vessel "Zarina" (Hull) (2) MM HM Tug "Blackcock" (1) MM HM Tug "Bunty" (Hull) (1) MM HM Tug "Clansman" (4) MM HM Tug "Desire" (1) MM HM Tug "John Bradford" (1) MM HMS "Killingholme" (1) MM HMS "Llandovery Castle" (1) MM HMT "Bel Lily" (1) MM HMT "Commander Fullerton" (3) MM Motor Boat "Annie" (1) MM RNR HMT "Stornaway" (1) MM Royal Field Artllery Ship Hughli London (1) MM S S Dart London (1) MM S S Djerv (1) MM S S Isleworth London (1) MM S S stirling (1) MM S/ "Yarmouth" (Grimsby) (1) MM S/ S "Hull" (1) MM S/S "Aaro" (Hull) (3) MM S/S "Abadesa" (1) MM S/S "Adriatic" (Hull) (22) MM S/S "Agnete" (London) (1) MM S/S "Agnete" (London) (1) MM S/S "Alice" (1) MM S/S "Almora" (1) MM S/S "Ancona" (1) MM S/S "Antonio" (London) (2) MM S/S "Arab" (Shanghai) (1) MM S/S "Arabis" (1) MM S/S "Arbonne" (Liverpool) (1) MM S/S "Arndale" (Whitby) (1) MM S/S "Arthur Ketch" (2) MM S/S "Bamse" (London) (1) MM S/S "Bassano" (Hull) (1) MM S/S "Bees Wing" (2) MM S/S "Belgian Prince" (1) MM S/S "Benlarig" (Leith) (3) MM S/S "Biruta" (London) (2) MM S/S "Blagdon" (London) (1) MM S/S "Bunty" (Hull) (4) MM S/S "Burma" (Goole) (2) MM S/S "Calypso" (Hull) (27) MM S/S "Cambric" (Hull) (26) MM S/S "Canganian" (Cardiff) (1) MM S/S "Carlo" (Hull) (2) MM S/S "Castro" (1) MM S/S "Cavallo" (Hull) (2) MM S/S "Cavello" (Hull) (1) MM S/S "Chicago" (Hull) (3) MM S/S "Cito" (Hull) (12) MM S/S "Colenso" (Hull) (1) MM S/S "Colorado" (Hull) (4) MM S/S "Cottingham" (Glasgow) (1) MM S/S "Cottingham" (Glasgow) (1) MM S/S "Dago" (Hull) (2) MM S/S "Destro" (Hull) (2) MM S/S "Dido" (Hull) (30) MM S/S "Diplomat" (3) MM S/S "Dulwich" (London) (1) MM S/S "Dwinsk" (London) (1) MM S/S "Earl" (1) MM S/S "Eastern Prince" (Newcastle) (1) MM S/S "Eavestone" (Liverpool) (1) MM S/S "Elizabeth Ville" (1) MM S/S "Elve" (Liverpool) (1) MM S/S "Endymion" (Hull) (2) MM S/S "England" (1) MM S/S "Etonian" (Hull) (3) MM S/S "Farnham" (1) MM S/S "Ferdene" (Newcastle) (1) MM S/S "Fremona" (Dundee) (1) MM S/S "Gannett" (1) MM S/S "George Fisher" (1) MM S/S "Gitano" (Hull) (23) MM S/S "Glen Gilder" (1) MM S/S "Glenmorven" (Leith) (1) MM S/S "Gower Coast" (Liverpool) (1) MM S/S "Greatham" (Glasgow) (1) MM S/S "Gretaston" (Glasgow) (1) MM S/S "Guido" (3) MM S/S "Harberton" (London) (2) MM S/S "Harpalyce" (London) (1) MM S/S "Harrogate" (9) MM S/S "Haslingden" (1) MM S/S "Hawk" (4) MM S/S "Hazelwood" (Middlsborough) (3) MM S/S "Heathpark" (Grenock) (1) MM S/S "Henry R James" (1) MM S/S "Hidalgo" (Hull) (10) MM S/S "Highbury" (London) (2) MM S/S "Highland Harris" (1) MM S/S "Hilda Lea" (London) (1) MM S/S "Hildawell" (West Hartlepool) (1) MM S/S "Horsham" (London) (1) MM S/S "Huntsmoor" (4) MM S/S "Hydro" (2) MM S/S "Ibis" (Hull) (5) MM S/S "Ilaro" (London) (1) MM S/S "Industria" (1) MM S/S "Ingleside" (Whitby) (1) MM S/S "Inverbervie" (1) MM S/S "Jaffa" (Hull) (9) MM S/S "Jupiter" (Hull) (16) MM S/S "Kathleen Lily" (1) MM S/S "Kirkham Abbey" (2) MM S/S "Kyarra" (Freemantle) (1) MM S/S "Kyno" (Hull) (4) MM S/S "Kyno" (Hull) (1) MM S/S "Lady Plymouth" (Cardiff) (1) MM S/S "Lavernock" (Hull) (1) MM S/S "Leicester" (Grimsby) (1) MM S/S "Lepanto" (Hull) (1) MM S/S "Lewisham" (London) (2) MM S/S "Linda Fell" (1) MM S/S "Lusitania" (1) MM S/S "Lux" (London) (1) MM S/S "Madame Renee" (1) MM S/S "Malabar" (Hull) (10) MM S/S "Manchester Commerce" (2) MM S/S "Marden" (1) MM S/S "Membland" (14) MM S/S "Merton Hall" (1) MM S/S "Middleton" (Hull) (3) MM S/S "Minneapolis" (1) MM S/S "Montebello" (Hull) (34) MM S/S "Newlyn" (1) MM S/S "Nimrod" (1) MM S/S "North Wales" (7) MM S/S "Oiler Thermol" (1) MM S/S "Okement" (Sunderland) (1) MM S/S "Orfordness" (1) MM S/S "Oronsa" (Liverpool) (1) MM S/S "Oslo" (Hull) (2) MM S/S "Otto" (1) MM S/S "Perth" (Glasgow) (1) MM S/S "Planudes" (Middlesbrough) (1) MM S/S "Polesley" (Hull) (1) MM S/S "Polo" (Hull) (4) MM S/S "Port Hardy" (London) (1) MM S/S "Powhatan" (Sunderland) (1) MM S/S "Princess Dagmar" (1) MM S/S "Prunelle" (London) (5) MM S/S "Remus" (Goole) (1) MM S/S "Renfrew" (1) MM S/S "Repton" (1) MM S/S "Rhydwen" (Cardiff) (2) MM S/S "Rievaulx Abbey" (3) MM S/S "Romeo" (Hull) (26) MM S/S "Rota" (London) (1) MM S/S "Rothway" (1) MM S/S "Royal Edward" (Toronto) (1) MM S/S "Runo" (Hull) (1) MM S/S "Rye" (Goole) (1) MM S/S "Salmo" (Hull) (3) MM S/S "San Edwards" (1) MM S/S "Sandhurst" (London) (1) MM S/S "Saphire" (Hull) (1) MM S/S "Sappho" (12) MM S/S "Saxon" (Glasgow) (2) MM S/S "Sea Gull" (London) (2) MM S/S "Seagull" (Hull) (1) MM S/S "Semantha" (1) MM S/S "Shipcote" (Newcastle) (7) MM S/S "Sodium" (1) MM S/S "Sowwell" (London) (1) MM S/S "SS Bayreaulx" (1) MM S/S "St Eccleshall" (1) MM S/S "St Lawrence" (Hull) (13) MM S/S "Stanhope" (Middlesbrough) (2) MM S/S "Sten" (Sunderland) (1) MM S/S "Tangistan" (London) (1) MM S/S "Taplow" (London) (1) MM S/S "Tewfikieh" (London) (3) MM S/S "Thames" (Hull) (7) MM S/S "Torcello" (Hull) (1) MM S/S "Toro" (Hull) (14) MM S/S "Trefusis" (1) MM S/S "Treverbyn" (St Ives) (6) MM S/S "Tummel" (Hull) (9) MM S/S "Tuscan Prince" (Newcastle) (1) MM S/S "Tycho" (Hull) (14) MM S/S "Umba" (London) (15) MM S/S "Unity" (Goole) (3) MM S/S "Upcerne" (London) (1) MM S/S "Urbino" (1) MM S/S "Vasco" (Hull) (14) MM S/S "War Monarch" (London) (1) MM S/S "War Patrol" (Liverpool) (1) MM S/S "Whorlton" (West Hartlepool) (1) MM S/S "Wolverton" (Hull) (1) MM S/S "Zanoni" (London) (1) MM S/S "Zara" (Hull) (11) MM S/S Polandia (Liverpool) (4) MM S/T "Adronmarche" (Grimsby) (11) MM S/T "Aisne" (Hull) (1) MM S/T "Ajax" (Grimsby) (1) MM S/T "Amber" (Hull) (10) MM S/T "Antonio" (1) MM S/T "Argyle" (Hull) (8) MM S/T "Arran" (1) MM S/T "Aster" (Glasgow) (1) MM S/T "Balgownie" (Grimsby) (1) MM S/T "Barbados" (Hull) (10) MM S/T "Bel Lilly" (Grimsby) (1) MM S/T "Bute" (1) MM S/T "Celia" (Hull) (9) MM S/T "Ceylon" (1) MM S/T "Clyde Brae" (1) MM S/T "Commander Boyle" (3) MM S/T "Condor" (Scarborough) (2) MM S/T "Cornelian" (Hull) (10) MM S/T "Cruiser" (2) MM S/T "Cygnus" (Grimsby) (3) MM S/T "Cyrano " (Grimsby) (1) MM S/T "Durban" (Hull) (11) MM S/T "Earl of Elgin" (1) MM S/T "Earl" (Hull) (9) MM S/T "Edward B Cargill" (10) MM S/T "Egret" (Hull) (11) MM S/T "Eldrel" (London) (1) MM S/T "Electric" (2) MM S/T "Equinox" (Grimsby) (1) MM S/T "Eros" (Grimsby) (1) MM S/T "Eros" (Hull) (6) MM S/T "Expedient" (Hull) (9) MM S/T "Fanny" (1) MM S/T "Fawn" (Grimsby) (2) MM S/T "Ferret" (Grimsby) (1) MM S/T "Halcyon" (Grimsby) (11) MM S/T "Helcia" (Grimsby) (3) MM S/T "Hilaria" GY698 (1) MM S/T "Imperialist" (Hull) (2) MM S/T "Industria" (Hull) (11) MM S/T "Isle of Man" (Hull) (10) MM S/T "Jersey" (Hull) (9) MM S/T "Johannesburg" (1) MM S/T "Kestrel" (Hull) (9) MM S/T "Khartoum" (Hull) (9) MM S/T "Lena Melling" (1) MM S/T "Lena" (Cardiff) (1) MM S/T "Magneta" (Hull) (10) MM S/T "Magpie" (Hull) (1) MM S/T "Mauritius" (Hull) (9) MM S/T "Mercia" (Grimsby) (2) MM S/T "Nelson" (1) MM S/T "Onward" (2) MM S/T "Oxford" (Grimsby) (2) MM S/T "Quair" (Hull) (12) MM S/T "Queensboro" (Grimsby) (1) MM S/T "Redcap" (Hull) (1) MM S/T "Resto" (1) MM S/T "Rosary" (1) MM S/T "Sabrina" (Hull) (9) MM S/T "Salvia" (Grimsby) (2) MM S/T "Scotland" (Hull) (11) MM S/T "Sebastian" (Hull) (8) MM S/T "Shakespeare" (Hull) (9) MM S/T "Singapore" (1) MM S/T "Southward Ho" (9)
Credits and Acknowledgements
© 2021 Kingston upon Hull War Memorial 1914 - 1918
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'Balogun will keep having chances with us'
Rob Kelly 07 Jan 2021
Mikel Arteta has hailed Folarin Balogun's "incredible" progress as the club remain in talks about extending his contract.
The teenage striker has scored twice since making his first-team debut at the end of October and our manager is keen to keep him.
"His progression and the use of the time that he's had with us has been incredible. He will keep having chances while he's with us," Arteta said.
"You need three parties to make a deal. For sure, the club wants to make a deal, the manager wants to make a deal, the player wants to stay and I'm not sure about the agent.
"No, I'm not saying he's stopping [the deal]. I'm saying that we need to find an agreement with him. We are negotiating with an agent, with a player that wants to stay at the club and we need to find an agreement.
"I'm telling you that we are doing everything we can to keep him here and hopefully from the other part they are doing the same and they defend the same interests, which is the players' interest, which is to stay at the football club and be successful with us."
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Costco is closing its photo centers at all of its roughly 800 stores next month, ending a number of services that have a decidedly retro vibe.
Four services will no longer be available to shoppers when the centers will shut down on February 14, including ink refills, the ability to take passport photos, photo restoration and a service that transferred home videos from VHS tapes to DVD or USB devices.
However, Costco isn’t shutting down its online photo center. Customers can still print photos and access other perks on Costco’s website, the company said.
Costco didn’t immediately reply to CNN Business about the closures. But a letter obtained by a photo blog reportedly sent from Costco to its customers explained that the “need for printing photos has steeply declined” since the introduction of high-quality cameras on smartphones and social media.
Once a staple at grocery stores and pharmacies, photo centers have become increasingly extinct as more people choose to share their photos online rather than print them out.
It’s also part of broader changes implemented at Costco over the past year, including limiting the number of people served at its other departments like in optical or hearing aids because of local laws due to the pandemic. Notably, it also stopped selling its iconic half-sheet cakes last year.
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Home / Travel Guides - Santa Ana
HotelsAttractionsRestaurants
About Santa AnaOne fine day in 1869, William H. Spurgeon bought 70 acres of Rancho Santiago de Santa Ana, abbreviated the name and plotted out a townsite. You could hardly blame him—land was eight bucks an acre, or so the story goes. He had to practically give the lots away until he persuaded the Los Angeles-Santiago Stagecoach line to stop there. The arrival of the Santa Fe Railroad triggered a real estate boom in 1887; two years later, Orange County split off from L.A. and named Santa Ana the county seat—just about the time the boom went bust. Today the city is the ninth largest in the state.
Santa Ana promises a field day for architecture and history buffs. Downtown’s 36-block historic district boasts more than 100 renovated buildings in a baker’s dozen of architectural styles. Among the most distinctive structures are the 1889 Dr. Howe-Waffle House, 120 E. Civic Center Dr., Victorian-style home of the county’s first woman doctor; the 1913 Spurgeon Building with its ornate clock tower, 206 W. 4th St., erected by the city’s founder and first postmaster; and the 1935 Moderne-style Old City Hall, 217 N. Main St., its entry guarded by a pair of bearded Assyrian warriors.
The Santa Ana Historical Preservation Society offers guided walking tours the first Saturday of every even month by advance reservation only. Tours last 2 to 3 hours. Phone (714) 547-9645.
The Heritage Museum of Orange County, 3101 W. Harvard St., is an 11-acre cultural and natural history center featuring the 1898 Kellogg House. The historic home contains several hands-on activities for visitors, and is surrounded by citrus groves, gardens and several other 1890s structures. Guided tours of the home are available. A working blacksmith shop, a nature area and the 1899 Maag House also are on site; phone (714) 540-0404.
Visitor Centers Santa Ana Chamber of Commerce 1631 W. Sunflower Ave. Suite C-35 Santa Ana, CA 92704. Phone:(714)541-5353
ShoppingArtists Village, centered on Broadway between 1st and 3rd streets, is a group of galleries and studios exhibiting paintings, sculpture and multimedia by local artisans. The Village is anchored by the Moorish-style Santora Arts Building and the nearby Grand Central Arts Center. The district’s Art Walk, held the first Saturday of each month from 7-10 p.m., is a popular event with free live entertainment.
Downtown Santa Ana is a colorful shopping destination, centered on 3rd and 4th streets between Broadway and Main Street, catering to the Hispanic community. Wedding and formal wear boutiques, specialty stores, gift shops and food vendors characterize the retail district. You’ll find department stores and brand name shops at Westfield MainPlace, 2800 N. Main St.
NightlifeGypsy Den Café, 125 N. Broadway Ave., offers an entertainment menu of folk, pop, rock and swing, with weekly open mic nights on Mondays and monthly poetry readings; phone (714) 835-8840.
Things to Do Bowers Museum
Discovery Cube Orange County
Orange County Museum of Art
Santa Ana Zoo at Prentice Park
Santa AnaHotels
Santa AnaAttractions
Santa AnaRestaurants
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Hampton Inn & Suites Orange County Airport
2720 Hotel Terrace Dr. Santa Ana, CA 92705
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Courtyard by Marriott Costa Mesa South Coast Metro
3002 S Harbor Blvd. Santa Ana, CA 92704
DoubleTree Club by Hilton Hotel Orange County Airport
7 Hutton Centre Dr. Santa Ana, CA 92707
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Great explorations: Two poetry collections inspire different forms of discovery
By David Steinberg / For The Journal
Sunday, November 29th, 2020 at 12:02am
for the Journal
V.B. Price is an erudite Albuquerquean, known for writing incisively about public issues in many forms for many years.
Price is a poet, a journalist, a novelist, an essayist, a nonfiction author, a columnist, as well as an editor and a former college professor.
His latest book is “Innocent Regained: Christmas Poems.” It’s a collection of poems he has written each year for half a century. The bound poems have been sent as holiday gifts to friends.
Now they are gifts to anyone who reads the anthologized poems. The poems are also gifts at another level.
Rini, Price’s late wife of 51 years, inspired his annual writing of these poems.
“Rini had cancer for a long time. She always said one should concentrate on what doesn’t hurt. She always looked at life as a gift. I did, too. … Christmas is a time of delight, and she wanted to retain that delight and gratitude for every little pleasure we could take,” Price said.
The poems’ themes vary with their thoughtful, positive messages. Price said his favorite poem in the collection is “Five Reasons Why Despair Is No Good.” The reasons – according to the poem – are love, beauty, wonder, curiosity and change.
Price said the line “despair is no good” in the poem is borrowed from famed children’s book author E.B. White. “(Despair) accomplishes nothing, helps nobody. It can be struggled against, by doing what Rini suggests,” Price explained.
He said he himself has fought to overcome mental roadblocks in writing the poems.
Price, who is 80, remains intellectually active. He is preparing three new poetry collections, a book about pediatric illness and pollution, and an encyclopedia of the writers who have lived in New Mexico. For four years he’s been producing a column online (vbprice.com) that maintains his longtime commentary on politics, the environment, culture and human rights.
His “Innocence Regained” is one of two poetry books recently published by Casa Urraca Press of Abiquiú. Zach Hively is its publisher. The other is “Glitches in the FBI,” a chapbook by Albuquerque poet Amaris Feland Ketcham.
Ketcham was drawn to the combination of earthy language and the language of inquiry into paranormal mysteries in the 1990s TV series “The X-Files.” She had viewed the first few seasons when they were initially aired. This year, the pandemic enabled her to rewatch those episodes and view episodes from other seasons.
The chapbook, she said, is experimental.
“It’s all found poetry. You’re relying on chance and surprise that happens in the experimentation. One good thing is I found how easy it is for characters to emerge, with either dramatic monologue or their own thoughts voicing during the poems,” Ketcham said.
In the book’s author’s note, she writes that the poems are composed of lines and dialogue repurposed from the series, adding “… I strove to write away from the source material so each poem became something new.”
Ketcham teaches in the University of New Mexico’s Honors College.
• n n
A timely third book of poetry is “Starfish on a Beach: The Pandemic Poems” (Wings Press)by Margaret Randall of Albuquerque. Randall’s poems dissect with urgency and clarity the uncertainties of trying to survive the current pandemic and to wonder about a post-pandemic future.
From the newspaper
Life in NM
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AT&T $30 100 - 75 Mbps DSL 100%
CableAmerica - - Cable 35%
GTT Communications - - DSL 6.392%
Brown Dog Networks $55 0.768 - 10 Mbps Wireless 100%
King Street Wireless - - Wireless 71%
1 provider - 100%
At 100%, broadband coverage in the 63141 ZIP code is slightly higher than the rest of Missouri - 90%, and comparable to broadband coverage across the U.S. - 95%.
The vast majority of those living in the 63141 ZIP will have access to DSL, which covers 100% of households. Cable internet is also an option for many, offering service to 100% of the area. No fiber-optic providers are currently available in Saint Louis, but satellite or fixed-wireless providers may offer broadband options in your area.
There are eight internet providers serving the 63141 area, and 99.99% of households will have internet options from more than one provider. Among eight internet providers in 63141, prices start at $30 and available download speeds reach up to 120 Mbps.
The largest internet providers serving the 63141 ZIP code are AT&T, Spectrum, and HughesNet bringing DSL, cable, and satellite options to the area.
DSL internet from AT&T is available to nearly all in the 63141 ZIP code, covering 100% of households. Many will also have the option of cable from Spectrum, which covers 100% of the area. Saint Louis’s third most-available internet provider, HughesNet, offers satellite to around 100% of residents in the 63141 ZIP code.
DSL from AT&T offers broadband to all households in the 63141 ZIP code, covering 100% of the area.
DSL internet from AT&T uses telephone lines to deliver service, which often leads to lower prices and higher availability, though download speeds are likely to be slower than cable or fiber-optic internet.
Internet prices for AT&T start at $30/mo.*, which is significantly lower than the average starting price for internet in Saint Louis, $48.00.
AT&T customers who choose the lowest-priced plan can expect speeds up to 100 Mbps, which comes to an estimated $0.30 per Mbps, about the same as the average cost per Mbps for the lowest priced plans in Saint Louis, $1.20.
For those who value internet speed as much as cost, AT&T offers download speeds up to 75 Mbps and upload speeds up to 20 Mbps in 63141 ZIP code. These download speeds are available to 100% of the area, and are about the same as the average max speeds from all Saint Louis's providers, 48 Mbps.
Cable from Spectrum offers broadband to all households in the 63141 ZIP code, covering 100% of the area.
Internet prices for Spectrum start at $44.99/mo.*, which is about the same as the average starting price for internet in Saint Louis, $48.00.
Spectrum customers who choose the lowest-priced plan can expect speeds up to 60 Mbps, which comes to an estimated $0.75 per Mbps, about the same as the average cost per Mbps for the lowest priced plans in Saint Louis, $1.20.
For those who value internet speed as much as cost, Spectrum offers download speeds up to 120 Mbps and upload speeds up to 5 Mbps in 63141 ZIP code. These download speeds are available to 100% of the area, and are slightly faster than the average max speeds from all Saint Louis's providers, 48 Mbps.
Internet prices for HughesNet start at $59.99/mo.*, which is significantly higher than the average starting price for internet in Saint Louis, $48.00.
HughesNet customers who choose the lowest-priced plan can expect speeds up to 25 Mbps, which comes to an estimated $2.40 per Mbps, higher than the average cost per Mbps for the lowest priced plans in Saint Louis, $1.20.
For those who value internet speed as much as cost, HughesNet offers download speeds up to 25 Mbps and upload speeds up to 3 Mbps in 63141 ZIP code. These download speeds are available to 100% of the area, and are about the same as the average max speeds from all Saint Louis's providers, 48 Mbps.
Spectrum is the fastest internet provider in the 63141 ZIP code with download speeds up to 120 Mbps. These speeds are available to 100% of households in 63141. The next fastest internet provider in the 63141 ZIP code is AT&T, offering download speeds up to 75 Mbps to 100% of the area.
AT&T offers the cheapest internet in the 63141 ZIP with service starting at $30/mo. This is significantly less than the average starting price for internet in Saint Louis, $48.00.
Why aren’t there more internet options?
According to the FCC, 93% of households have access to three or more providers. In many areas, a cable, DSL, satellite and possibly fiber-optic provider may be available. You are unlikely, however, to find multiple providers of the same internet type, such as two cable providers, in the same location because operating expenses in an area already served by another provider can be too high to be profitable.
What’s the best internet provider in my area?
Fiber internet providers are likely to offer the fastest, most consistent speeds for the money. Cable internet providers can also deliver fast speeds, up to 100 Mbps and higher, but are more vulnerable to slowed speeds during peak usage times. If you’re shopping for cheap internet, a DSL provider may be the best option for your household.
Home page Missouri St. Louis 63141
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Let’s Hear It for Conflict
By AMA Staff
Ted Harro is the founder of Noonday Ventures (www.noondayventures.com). He has helped implement plans for a variety of well-known organizations in technology, industrial, professional services, and nonprofit environments in the U.S. and Western Europe. He also provides leadership coaching for a select group of senior and emerging leaders. Harro spoke with AMA recently for an Edgewise podcast. The following is an edited version of that interview.
AMA: You’ve said something really provocative: “If a team isn’t fighting from time to time, the team members are probably lying to each other too much.” Can you elaborate on that?
Ted Harro: I got that opinion by talking with a client who told me that he was working for a new CEO. He was complaining about that boss, as we all do sometimes, but he said, “You know, I don’t really like her because we don’t fight enough.”
And I sat back and thought, “What?” Because usually we complain when we do fight with our bosses. But the more I thought about it, I realized he was right, because the only reason to be on a team is to get stuff done that individual members can’t get done on their own. And that’s true whether you’re on a senior leadership team or you’re on a team anywhere in the organization. Being on a team means making decisions—about where to go or about how to get stuff done, or where to spend money and resources. And unless you have a genius on the team who can get all the right answers all the time, you’re going to have to debate those questions. That usually leads to conflict—and it’s good conflict. It’s conflict we ought to have.
So my thesis is that if you aren’t fighting on occasion and having really strong discussions, you’re probably just dancing around the issues and lying to each other about how good things are.
AMA: How can a team use conflict to arrive at a good decision while avoiding a situation where the conflict is just circular and you don’t really resolve anything?
TH: If we’re going to get stuff done, we’re have to have debates. Those debates are actually really useful in terms of getting stuff done, if we can think of them more as negotiations and deliberations, instead of just fights, like food fights.
Think of it as trying to help the team accomplish more. It’s kind of like lifting weights: you want to try to build the muscle over time by having some smaller conflicts, and then eventually you can really deal with the big decisions that might lead to bigger and more energetic debates over time. So it, it’s really a necessary part of helping that team perform really well and achieve great results.
AMA: What you say makes sense. So why don’t we hear more stories of teams actually doing that?
TH: My guess from talking to lots of team leaders and team members is that people are just flat-out afraid of it. Team leaders are worried that if they really have the debate that needs to be had, they’re going to lose control, or they’re going to end up blowing the team apart. And that could become a career-limiting move for them. So team leaders want to keep the lid on the kettle. Team members are often afraid that if they really say what they think, they’re going to create enemies or they’re going to get themselves fired. So there’s a tacit agreement among people that “I won’t rock the boat if you don’t rock the boat, and we’ll just kind of get along until we move on to a different team.” But of course you don’t actually get stuff done then; you’re just dancing around the issues.
AMA: What advice can you give to a team leader to ensure that the conflict you want his or her team to have is actually productive?
TH: I’d say three things. First, prepare for the conflict long before it happens. As soon as you’re shaping your team up and trying to get them to start dealing with tough issues, study your team members. Think through what really matters to them and what their hot buttons are. Then start instilling ground rules for how you relate to each other, before you have tension in the room. Build relationships between people so that they see themselves not just as colleagues or names on an organizational chart, but as real people.
Second, pick the right fights. You want to pick stuff that’s important enough that it’s going to be worthwhile, but not so much of a stretch for people that it’s going to cause the team to break.
Third, make sure the fights you have—especially the first few—are as constructive as possible. And that’s usually all about making sure everybody understands: here’s the decision we have to make, here’s how we’re going to make it. Are we going to make it where we all get a vote, or are we going to make it where you all make a pitch to me and then I’m going to make the decision? Get really clear on rules and roles, and then enforce the ground rules.
As a leader, if you can prepare people for it, pick the right fights, and make those fights—especially the early ones—as constructive as possible, you have a good chance of the debates and fights leading to really good decisions.
AMA: When does good conflict go bad? How much is too much?
TH: I’ve seen it. I remember being with a client once where they had a conflict that didn’t go well—and by didn’t go well, I mean instead of just saying, “I disagree with your ideas,” people started to get really personal about it. It went from “I disagree on our direction,” or even, “I disagree on how you’re doing your job,” to, “I disagree that you’re actually a good, trustworthy, kind of good people.”
When it gets personal like that, it is really hard to pull that back. So team members and team leaders need to really pay attention to not letting a conflict get to the point of a personal attack, either explicitly in the room or out in the hallway. Because once you get there, it, it takes a lot of time and energy to get that team to become productive again.
You can learn more about managing conflict and leading teams in these AMA seminars:
Responding to Conflict
Improving Your Managerial Effectiveness
Collaborative Leadership Skills for Managers
American Management Association is a world leader in professional development, advancing the skills of individuals to drive business success. AMA’s approach to improving performance combines experiential learning—“learning through doing”—with opportunities for ongoing professional growth at every step of one’s career journey. AMA supports the goals of individuals and organizations through a complete range of products and services, including seminars, Webcasts and podcasts, conferences, corporate and government solutions, business books and research.
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ASCAP's Gabriela Gonzalez Promoted to Vice President, Latin
NEW YORK, March 23, 2016 -- ASCAP, The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers, the world leader in performing rights and advocacy for music creators, today announced that Gabriela Gonzalez has been promoted to Vice President, Latin. In her new role, Gonzalez will oversee the ASCAP Latin Membership Department, including membership staff based in offices in Los Angeles, New York, Miami, and Puerto Rico, who are responsible for developing the careers of ASCAP composers and songwriters, recruiting new members and serving all of ASCAP's Latin writer and publisher members. She will remain based in Los Angeles and report directly to ASCAP EVP, Membership, John Titta.
Gonzalez joined the ASCAP Latin Membership team in 1999, and worked as Associate Director before becoming Senior Director, Latin in 2013. Since joining the organization, Gonzalez has nurtured and signed some of ASCAP’s top talent including Marco Antonio Solis, Claudia Brant, Gerardo Ortiz, Jose Alberto Inzunza and Mario Domm, among others.
At ASCAP, Gonzalez has contributed to the organization’s increased market share in the Regional Mexican market and assisted in negotiations with the Mexican Society of Authors and Composers (SACM) to license their entire roster through ASCAP. She also encouraged and nurtured the talents of ASCAP members in early stages of their careers through a variety of artist development programs, including Latin and mixed genre Song Camps in different territories. Gonzalez has provided a distinct competitive advantage in the Latin market, leveraging close relationships with the executive leadership of international music societies in Argentina, Chile, Mexico and Peru.
Prior to ASCAP, Gonzalez was Assistant Manager of Film, TV and New Media at Peermusic. She was born in Los Angeles and raised in Argentina and attended Universidad del Salvador.
“Gabriela is an incredibly dedicated leader who has made outstanding contributions to our Latin Membership since she arrived at ASCAP 17 years ago,” said Titta. “Her ability to cultivate relationships in the global Latin community has been essential to ASCAP’s growing market share in the genre. I have no doubt that she will enable ASCAP to continue its strong position in Latin music.”
“I’m excited to take the reins of the Latin department at ASCAP,” said Gonzalez. “At a time when there is so much phenomenal Latin talent and the genre continues to expand, ASCAP plays an essential role in supporting both our new songwriters and our most successful members.”
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Ashley Gorley, Ricky Skaggs and Chris Stapleton Among Top Honorees at 2016 ASCAP Country Music Awards Celebration
NASHVILLE, Oct. 31, 2016 -- The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) hosted its 54th Annual ASCAP Country Music Awards on Monday, October 31 at Ryman Auditorium in downtown Nashville. The writers and publishers of country music's most-performed songs of 2015 were honored before an audience of distinguished Nashville songwriters, top country stars and music industry leaders.
Hit songwriter Ashley Gorley was named ASCAP Country Music Songwriter of the Year for the third time in a row and the fourth time in his career, for his seven chart-topping songs from 2015. In a surprise appearance, John “Coach Cal” Calipari, the head coach of the University of Kentucky Wildcats men’s basketball team, introduced a video tribute to Gorley, who happens to be a passionate Wildcats basketball fan. After the video salute from Carrie Underwood, Luke Bryan and Cole Swindell, Trace Adkins performed one of Gorley’s first #1 hits, “You’re Gonna Miss This.” ASCAP President and award-winning songwriter Paul Williams presented Gorley with the award.
Ricky Skaggs, a pioneer of bluegrass and country music with 14 Grammys and more than 30 albums to his credit, was honored in song before being presented with the esteemed ASCAP Founders Award. Garth Brooks performed “Highway 40 Blues;” Alison Krauss, with Suzanne and Sidney Cox of the Cox Family, performed “Waitin’ for the Sun to Shine;” and Peter Frampton and Gordon Kennedy performed “My Cup Runneth Over.” The ASCAP Founders Award is given to songwriters and composers who have made pioneering contributions to music by inspiring and influencing their fellow music creators.
Rising country star and longtime ASCAP member Chris Stapleton was honored with the ASCAP Vanguard Award, which recognizes the impact of songwriters on genres that are shaping the future of music. The award was presented by ASCAP Senior Creative Director Mike Sistad, an early Stapleton supporter. Stapleton is also nominated in five categories at the CMA Awards, which take place in Nashville on November 2.
TJ and John Osborne, known also as EMI Nashville recording artists Brothers Osborne, performed “Stay a Little Longer,” which received Song of the Year. The crowd was also treated to performances of ASCAP’s top 5 country music songs of the year: “I’m Comin’ Over” by songwriter Corey Crowder and recording artist Chris Young; “Save It for a Rainy Day” by songwriters Matthew Ramsey and Brad Tursi; “Gonna” by songwriter Craig Wiseman with Luke Laird; and “Nothin’ Like You” by Dan + Shay and songwriters Chris DeStefano and Ashley Gorley.
Fast-rising country music star Kelsea Ballerini was on hand as ASCAP honored iHeart Radio personality Bobby Bones with its Partners in Music Award, in recognition of his unwavering support of emerging and established ASCAP songwriters and artists. The Partners in Music Award honors an ASCAP licensee who has shown exceptional dedication in presenting ASCAP members' music to the public. Ballerini also performed her hit song, “Love Me Like You Mean It,” to open the awards show.
ASCAP CEO Elizabeth Matthews presented the Publisher of the Year Award to Warner/Chappell Music Publishing CEO Jon Platt and EVP Ben Vaughn. Warner/Chappell published 18 of the most-performed ASCAP country songs of 2015, and earned the top publisher award for the fourth consecutive year.
Click here for full list of winners.
Alison Toczylowski Webber | ASCAP
awebber@ascap.com | 615.742.5073
Ronna Rubin | Rubin Media
ronna@rubinmedia.biz | 615.298.4400
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Vampires: Eternal Bloodlust
Bernie Alexander
vampires in graves
The notion that these creatures of the night spend their days in coffins is essential to the mythology of vampires.
In the past, Orthodox Christians would often examine bodies after they had been buried, as they believed that the soul wouldn't leave the body for 40 days. Upon opening the casket, cadavers were sometimes found to have a healthy appearance. This is because decomposition gases would bloat the otherwise malnourished body, giving it a vibrant, if pale, appearance. Blood would sometimes gather around the mouth, leading people to believe that they were looking at a vampire that had been feasting.
Furthermore, aristocrats of yesteryear stayed indoors most of the time, and therefore had excessively white skin. They also kept their fingernails fashionably long. Upon their death, the skin would shrink and make the fingernails look even longer. It's not hard to understand how a layperson could mistake such a corpse for a fabled vampire.
vampires around the world
The concept of vampires is not a modern one. There is evidence of the myth dating back to the 4th century. While at this time, beliefs about wooden stakes, silver and feeding on blood were already established elements of the story, vampires of this period were thought to be ghastly monsters.
It wasn't until John William Polidori's short story The Vampyre was published in 1819 that the vampire took a human form and became the debonair charmer we know today. Later still, Bram Stoker's Dracula character made this figure even more popular.
Still, there is no single prototype for the vampire, and people all over the world believe in different species of the beast. The Aztecs have the Civatateo, the Malaysians, the Penanggalan. The Yara-ma-yha-who was said to have plagued aboriginal Australia using suckers on their fingers and toes. Filipinos have the female Manananggal, while Moravian vampires are believed to attack their victims in the nude. While they might be different in appearance and behavior, all these incarnations are united by their thirst for human blood.
The most famous vampire of them all is undeniably Count Dracula. This fictional character was created by Irish writer Bram Stoker in 1897, and was based on an actual historical person. Vlad Tepes, also known as Vlad III Dracula and Vlad the Impaler, was a cruel prince who lived in the Balkans in the Middle Ages.
Legend holds it that whenever Tepes was displeased with someone, he would torture them and impale their body on a stake. Their impaled corpse would be prominently displayed among other ones on his property, so as to serve as a warning for would-be transgressors. Many believe that Tepes suffered from porphyria, which would further cement the idea that he was Stoker's inspiration.
modern vampires
While most everyone is curious about the vampire myth, others are obsessed to the extent that they emulate vampire culture as it is recounted in the lore. Vampirists, as they are often called, adopt a fashion style that has been depicted in vampire movies — namely a mixture of Punk, Goth, Victorian, and Glam.
While the exchange of blood is widespread in this subculture, the drinking of it isn't a unanimous practice. Most vampirists don't actually believe themselves to be undead, but are into the spiritual side of the culture, and believe they are increasing their energy levels by consuming and swapping blood.
While this subculture is a hobby and weekend lifestyle for some, others take it very seriously, and live their lives — and take those of others — according to it.
Self-professed vampires have committed some pretty gory deeds...
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Steam Around Leeds
Author: Mike Hitches
The manufacture of woollen products was one of the foremost industries in Leeds and the West Riding of Yorkshire. The railway companies were keen to gain a foothold in the region to profit from the movement of raw wool and finished products which had been transported along the Leeds and Liverpool Canal and River Aire since the eighteenth century. The discovery of coal in the south of the county, which was to power the mills and factories within the West Riding and further afield, was another attraction for the railways. Several railway companies competed for freight and passenger traffic, including the York and North Midland Railway, controlled by 'The Railway King', George Hudson. Indeed, he also had influence in other railways serving the locality, including the North Midland Railway, and was responsible for the formation of the Midland Railway, which also served the area. Before the 1923 'grouping', five railway companies competed for traffic in the West Riding: the Midland Railway, the Great Northern Railway, the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway, the North Eastern Railway, and the London and North Western Railway. Each company had their own stations, locosheds, and warehouses in Leeds and the West Riding, creating a diverse pattern of architectural styles. With each company producing their own engines, there was also a great variety of locomotive design. The independence of and competition between the railway companies combined to form an intriguing background to the story of the railway systems in Leeds and the West Riding.
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Manchester Buses
Author: Paul Williams
The first bus service in Manchester was a horse bus that started running in 1824. However, the history of bus operations in the city really starts in 1906, when Manchester Corporation Tramways began to run motor bus services. In 1929, as the motor buses became increasingly important, Manchester Corporation Tramways became Manchester Corporation Transport. In November 1969, Manchester transport became part of SELNEC, the Passenger Transport Executive (PTE) for the North West.
In this book, Paul Williams tells the story of Manchester’s buses from the 1960s onwards, using both his own photographs and material from the collections of the Museum of Transport, Greater Manchester. This will be a trip down memory lane for all those who remember riding an orange SELNEC bus.
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Pension/Benefits
Travel/Entertainment
Medical, Health, Wellness
American Retiree
A Chronicle of Today's Active Retiree
Pension/ Benefits
Pope Francis, Long-Time Supporter of Seniors
Some 40,000 seniors hailed in Vatican City
Pope Francis has long implored people to respect and honor aging members of society. Francis, 77, identifies old age as a “time of grace” as he continues to acknowledge the significant role of seniors throughout the world.
Francis has held numerous Vatican ceremonies and Masses for the aging to honor grandparents and their contributions to society. During the most recent gathering in September 2014, he recognized and warmly embraced his predecessor Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI, 87, who arrived to the ceremony with a cane. “I have said many times that it gives me great pleasure that he lives here in the Vatican, because it is like having a wise grandfather at home,” said Pope Francis about the former pope living in papal retirement at the Vatican Covent.
Even before elected as Pope, then-Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio acknowledged the elderly in his book On Heaven and Earth: Pope Francis on Faith, Family and the Church in the 21st Century, originally published in 2010. In the book, he highlights how the elderly are often forgotten despite being at an age where it is vital to preserve memories by passing them onto the next generation.
Francis revisited this point at the Vatican ceremony in September when he recognized one of the greatest contributions an individual, especially grandchildren, can make is “transmitting the experience of life, the history of a family, of a community, of a people, sharing, with simplicity, wisdom, and faith itself -- the most precious inheritance.”
In 2002, Cardinal Bergoglio presented a Letter On the Year of Faith asserting that a starting point of faith is “when we act as caregivers for an elderly person we perform an act of justice and cherish our roots.”
During Mass at Cassa Santa Marta last November, Pope Francis noted that "we live in a time when the elderly do not count" and much of humanity treats them as a nuisance. He called on the faithful to care for grandparents, the treasures of a society who has no future without them.
Francis has also recognized the necessity of group homes for the aging without family but denounces abandoning seniors as they are often forgotten and neglected. “How many times are old people just discarded, victims of an abandonment that is tantamount to hidden euthanasia,” said Francis during the Vatican ceremony in September. Francis asked that retirement homes serve as true homes and “not prisons” for its residents.
It wasn’t the first time Pope Francis has compared the neglect of seniors to veiled euthanasia. This April during an interview with five young Catholics from Belgium, he identified that “Young people no longer want children. Families are becoming smaller. The elderly are pushed away, many elderly die because of a sort of hidden euthanasia, because no one cares for them and they die."
On Holy Thursday 2014, Pope Francis was seen washing the feet of 12 elderly and disabled patients of St. Mary of Providence Center. During his homily, he asked others to provide the same warm and selfless service.
In October 2014, a synod will be led by Francis to discuss the subject of family, including the prominence of grandparents.
Canadian Snowbirds: Set Free or Safe at Home
Empty Nest No More
Doing Right to the People that Brought us Better Living Through Chemistry
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Ancient Mesopotamian Beliefs in the Afterlife
by M. Choksi
Unlike the rich corpus of ancient Egyptian funerary texts, no such “guidebooks” from Mesopotamia detail the afterlife and the soul’s fate after death. Instead, ancient Mesopotamian views of the afterlife must be pieced together from a variety of sources across different genres.
Many literary texts, most famously the Epic of Gilgamesh, contemplate the meaning of death, recount the fate of the dead in the netherworld, and describe mourning rites. Other texts were probably composed in order to be recited during religious rites involving ghosts or dying gods. Of these ritual texts, the most notable are Gilgamesh, Enkidu and the Netherworld; Ishtar’s Descent to the Netherworld; and Nergal and Ereshkigal. Further sources for Mesopotamian afterlife beliefs include burials, grave inscriptions, economic texts recording disbursements for funerals or cults of the dead, references to death in royal inscriptions and edicts, chronicles, royal and private letters, lexical texts, cultic commentaries, magico-medical texts, omens, and curse formulas.
Copper alloy foundation figurines with pegs representing Gods
by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin (CC BY-NC-SA)
In addition to belonging to different genres, the sources for Mesopotamian beliefs in the afterlife come from distinct periods in Mesopotamian history and encompass Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian cultures. We should therefore be careful not to view Mesopotamian afterlife beliefs as static or uniform. Like all cultural systems, Mesopotamian ideas of the afterlife transformed throughout time. Beliefs and practices relating to the afterlife also varied with socio-economic status and differed within official and popular religious paradigms. With this in mind, however, cultural continuity between the Sumerian civilization and its successors allows a synthesis of diverse sources in order to provide a working introduction to Mesopotamian concepts of the afterlife.
The Netherworld
Ancient Mesopotamians conceptualized the netherworld as the cosmic opposite of the heavens and as a shadowy version of life on earth. Metaphysically, it was thought to lie a great distance from the realm of the living. Physically, however, it lay underground and is poetically described as located only a short distance from the earth’s surface.
Literary accounts of the netherworld are generally dismal. It is described as a dark “land of no return” and the “house which none leaves who enters,” with dust on its door and bolt (Dalley 155). Yet other accounts moderate this bleak picture. For instance, a Sumerian work referred to as the Death of Urnamma describes the spirits of the dead rejoicing and feasting upon the ruler Urnamma’s arrival in the netherworld. Shamash, the sun god of justice, also visited the netherworld every night on his daily circuit through the cosmos. Similarly, scholar Caitlín Barrett has proposed that grave iconography – specifically symbolism related to the goddess Inanna/Ishtar who descended and returned from the underworld — indicates a belief in a more desirable afterlife existence than the one described in many literary texts. Although humans could not hope to return to life in exact imitation of Inanna/Ishtar, Barrett argues, by utilizing funerary iconography representing Ishtar, they could seek to avoid the unpleasant aspects of the netherworld from which Inanna/Ishtar herself had escaped. The Mesopotamian netherworld is therefore best understood as neither a place of great misery nor great joy, but as a dulled version of life on earth.
Queen of the Night, Old Babylon
by Trustees of the British Museum (Copyright)
One of the most vivid portrayals of the netherworld describes a subterranean “great city” (Sumerian "iri.gal") protected by seven walls and gates where the spirits of the dead dwell. In the Akkadian Descent of Ishtar to the Underworld, Ishtar passes through these seven gates on her journey to the netherworld. At each gate she is stripped of her garments and jewelry until she enters the city of the dead naked. In light of such descriptions, it is perhaps notable that Mesopotamian funerary rites for the elite could last up to seven days.
The community of spirits living in the “great city” was sometimes called Arallu in Akkadian or Ganzer in Sumerian, terms of uncertain meaning. Sumerian Ganzer is also a name for the underworld and an entrance to the underworld. Paralleling the Mesopotamian idea of divine authority in heaven and earth, the realm of the dead was governed by particular deities who were ranked in hierarchical order with a supreme chief at their head. In older texts the goddess Ereshkigal (“Mistress of the Great Earth”) was queen of the Netherworld. She was later replaced by the male warrior god Nergal (“Chief of the Great City”). An Akkadian myth dating at latest to the mid-second millennium BCE attempts to resolve the conflicting traditions by making Ereshkigal the spouse of Nergal. Like the deities in heaven who met regularly in a divine council to render judgments for the universe, the divine rulers of the underworld were assisted in their decisions by an elite body of divinities called the Anunnaki.
The Mesopotamian netherworld was neither a place of punishment nor reward. Rather, it was the only otherworldly destination for dead spirits.
It must be emphasized that the Mesopotamian netherworld was not a “hell.” Although it was understood as the geographic opposite of the heavens, and although its environment was largely an inversion of heavenly realms (for instance, it was characterized by darkness instead of light), it did not stand opposite heaven as a possible dwelling place for dead spirits based on behavior during life. The Mesopotamian netherworld was neither a place of punishment nor reward. Rather, it was the only otherworldly destination for dead spirits whose bodies and graves or cult statues had received proper ritual care.
Human Nature & Fate after Death
In the Old Babylonian Atrahasis epic, the gods created humans by mixing clay with the blood of a rebellious deity named We-ilu who was specially slaughtered for the occasion. Humans therefore contained both an earthly and a divine component. Yet the divine element did not mean that humans were immortal. The Mesopotamians had no concept of either physical resurrection or metempsychosis.[4] Rather, Enki (Akkadian Ea), the Sumerian deity of wisdom and magic, ordained death for humans from their very inception. Mortality defined the fundamental human condition, and is even described as the destiny (Akk. šimtu) of mankind. The most common euphemism for dying in Mesopotamian texts is “to go to one’s fate” (Cooper 21). The quest for physical immortality, suggests the Epic of Gilgamesh, was consequently futile. The best humans could strive for was enduring fame through their deeds and accomplishments on earth. Immortality, insofar as it was metaphorically possible, was actualized in the memory of future generations.
Humans were considered alive (Akk. awilu) as long as they had blood in their veins and breath in their nostrils. At the moment when humans were emptied of blood or exhaled their last breath, their bodies were considered empty cadavers (Akk. pagaru. The condition of this empty corpse is compared to deep sleep and, upon burial in the ground, the body fashioned from clay “returned to clay” (Bottéro, “Religion” 107). The biblical euphemism for death as sleep (New Revised Standard Version, 1 Kgs. 2:10; 2 Kgs. 10:35; 15:38; 24:6; 2 Chron. 9:31) and the statement, “You are dust, and to dust you shall return” (Gen. 3:19; cf. Ecc. 3:20), point to the common cultural milieu underlying ancient Mesopotamian and Israelite paradigms.
The Mesopotamians did not view physical death as the ultimate end of life. The dead continued an animated existence in the form of a spirit, designated by the Sumerian term gidim and its Akkadian equivalent, eṭemmu. The eṭemmu is best understood as a ghost. Its etiology is described in the Old Babylonian Atrahasis epic I 206-230, which recounts the creation of humans from the blood of the slain god We-ilu. The text uses word play to connect the etemmu to a divine quality: We-ilu is characterized as one who has ṭemu, “understanding” or “intelligence”. Thus, humans were thought to be composed of a corporeal body and some type of divine insight.
It must be stressed that Mesopotamian notions of the physical body and the eṭemmu do not represent a strict body/soul dualism. Unlike the concept of psyche in Classical Greek thought, the eṭemmu was closely associated with the physical corpse. Some texts even speak of the eṭemmu as if it were identical to the body. For instance, the eṭemmu is sometimes described as “sleeping” in the grave (Scurlock, “Death” 1892) – a description that echoes accounts of the corpse or pagaru. Further, the eṭemmu retained corporeal needs such as hunger and thirst, a characteristic that will be discussed in more detail below. It also unclear whether the eṭemmu existed within the living body prior to death (and was thus an entity that separated from the body), or whether it only came into existence at the moment of physical death (and was thus an entity created by the transformation of some physical life-force). In either case, upon physical death the status of the deceased changed from awilu to eṭemmu. Death was therefore a transitionary stage during which humans were transformed from one state of existence to another.
The eṭemmu was not immediately transported to the netherworld after bodily death, but had to undergo an arduous journey in order to reach it. Proper burial and mourning of the corpse was essential for the eṭemmu's transition to the next world. Provided that the necessary funerary rites were performed, the ghost was required to cross a demon-infested steppe, pass over the Khuber River with the assistance of an individual named Silushi/Silulim or Khumut-tabal (the latter meaning “Quick, take [me] there!”), and be admitted through the seven gates of the netherworld city with the permission of the gatekeeper, Bidu (“Open up!”).
Upon arrival in the netherworld, the eṭemmu was “judged” by the court of the Annunaki and assigned a place in its new subterranean community. This judgment and placement was not of an ethical nature and had nothing to do with the deceased’s merits during its lifetime. Instead, it had rather a clerical function and confirmed, according to the rules of the netherworld, the etemmu’s entrance into its new home.
Yet the judgment and placement of the eṭemmu in the netherworld was not entirely arbitrary or neutral. Just as social hierarchies existed within living communities, so too did a hierarchy between ghosts exist in the “great city” of the dead. The status of an eṭemmu in the netherworld was determined by two factors: the social status of the deceased while alive, and the post-mortem care its body and grave or cult statue received from the living on earth. Kings like Urnamma and Gilgamesh remained rulers and judges of the dead in the netherworld, and priests remained priests. In this respect the social order underground mimicked that above. Some texts such as Gilgamesh and Enkidu and the Netherworld indicate that the deceased’s lot in the underworld depended on the number of children one had. The more descendents, the more privileged the eṭemmu's existence in the netherworld, for there were more relatives to ensure the performance of necessary post-mortem rituals.
In the underworld the eṭemmu could be reunited with relatives who had preceded them in death. It should be noted, however, that although the eṭemmu was capable of recognizing and being recognized by the ghosts of people the deceased had known during life, these ghosts do not seem to have retained the deceased's unique personality traits in the netherworld.
Chaplet from Tomb at Ur
by Metropolitan Museum of Art (Copyright)
In addition to the eṭemmu, living beings were also thought to be composed of a wind-like emanation called in Akkadian the zaqiqu (or ziqiqu). This spirit was sexless, probably birdlike, and was associated with dreaming because it could depart the body while the individual was asleep. Both the eṭemmu and the zaqiqu descended to the netherworld after physical death. Aside from descriptions of dreams, however, the eṭemmu is mentioned far more prominently than the zaqiqu in Mesopotamian literature. This may be due to the fact that, unlike the eṭemmu, the zaqiqu was considered relatively harmless and unable to interfere either positively or negatively in the affairs of the living. It was therefore natural that a greater number of Mesopotamian texts would focus on proper ritual care for the eṭemmu, since these rites were intended to pacify the spirit of the dead so that it would not haunt the living.
The Relationship Between the Dead & the Living
As indicated above, the fate of the eṭemmu after corporeal death depended on performance of the proper post-mortem rituals by the living. First, funerary rites—specifically burial of the corpse and ritual mourning— at the time of death were necessary for the eṭemmu's successful journey to and integration into the netherworld. Second, continued cultic offerings at the deceased’s grave or (at least in the pre-Sargonic period) cult statue were required to ensure the eṭemmu's comfortable existence in the netherworld. We have seen that the eṭemmu retained the needs of a living being. Most importantly, it required sustenance. Yet the netherworld was devoid of any palatable nourishment. As the Death of Urnamma articulates, “The food of the netherworld is bitter and the water is brackish” (Cohen 103). The ghost was therefore dependent on the living for subsistence, which was provided through offerings of food and beverage. Absence of offerings reduced the eṭemmu to a beggar’s existence in the netherworld. The primary responsibility for performing these offerings fell to the eldest son of the deceased. Scurlock connects post-mortem duties with Mesopotamian property laws by positing that this “is presumably why [the eldest son] also customarily received an extra share of the inheritance” (“Death” 1888).
Mesopotamian Male Worshiper Votive Figure
by Makthorpe (CC BY-SA)
Both non-elites and elites required such rituals, but the necessity of death cults for the elite was particularly emphasized. The primary difference between death cults for the non-elite and elite appears to have been that, for ordinary people, only the deceased personally known to their descendants –such as immediate family— required individual eṭemmu cults. Distant relatives seem to have “merged together in a sort of corporate ancestor” (Scurlock, “Death” 1889). In contrast, royal cult offerings were made individually to all ancestors of the reigning king.
As long as offerings continued regularly, the eṭemmu remained at peace in the netherworld. Pacified ghosts were friendly and could be induced to aid the living, or at least were prevented from harming them. A person who did not receive proper burial rites or cultic offerings, however, became a restless ghost or vicious demon. Some cases where this could occur included people who were left unburied, suffered a violent death or other unnatural end, or died unmarried. Vicious ghosts pursued, seized, bound, or even physically abused their victims, and could also possess victims by entering into them via their ears. They could also haunt the dreams of the living. Sickness, both physical and psychological, and misfortune were often believed to be caused by the anger of a restless eṭemmu . For example, the suffering servant of the Babylonian poem Ludlul bēl nēmeqi deplores his fate:
Debilitating Disease is let loose upon me:
An Evil Wind has blown [from the] horizon,
Headache has sprung up from the surface of the underworld….
The irresistible [Ghost] left Ekur
[The Lamastu-demon came] down from the mountain. (Lines 50-55, Poem of the Righteous Sufferer)
The Mesopotamians developed many magical means of dealing with vengeful ghosts. Some methods included the tying of magical knots, the manufacturing of amulets, smearing on magical ointments, drinking magical potions, the burial of a surrogate figurine representing the ghost, and the pouring libations while reciting incantations.
In Mesopotamian conceptions of the afterlife, life did not end after physical death but continued in the form of an eṭemmu, a spirit or ghost dwelling in the netherworld. Further, physical death did not sever the relationship between living and deceased but reinforced their bond through a new set of mutual obligations. Just as the well-being of the ghost in the netherworld was contingent upon offerings from the living, so too was the well being of the living contingent upon on the proper propitiation and favor of the dead. To a notable degree, these afterlife beliefs reflected and reinforced the social structure of kinship ties in Mesopotamian communities.
The Poem of the Righteous Sufferer (Ludlul bēl nēmeqi). Trans. B. R. Foster with minor modifications following W. G. Lambert. SOAS University of London.Accessed 1 Dec 2016.
Barrett, C. E. "Was Dust Their Food and Clay Their Bread? Grave Goods, the Mesopotamian Afterlife, and the Liminal Role of Inana/Ishtar." Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions, 7 (2007), pp. 7-65.
Bottéro, J. Mesopotamia: Writing, Reasoning, and the Gods. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1992.
Bottéro, J. Religion in Ancient Mesopotamia. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2001.
Cohen, A. C. Death Rituals, Ideology, and the Development of Early Mesopotamian Kingship: Toward a New Understanding of Iraq’s Royal Cemetery of Ur. Leiden and Boston: Brill/Styx, 2005.
Cooper, J. S. "The Fate of Mankind: Death and the Afterlife in Ancient Mesopotamia." Death and the Afterlife: Perspectives of World Religions,, ed. Hiroshi Obayashi. New York: Greenwood Press, 1992, pp. 19-33.
Dalley, S. Myths from Mesopotamia: Creation, The Flood, Gilgamesh, and Others. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Foster, B. R. Before The Muses: An Anthology Of Akkadian Literature. Bethesda: CDL Press, 1996.
Scurlock, J. "Ancient Mesopotamian Medicine." A Companion to the Ancient Near East,, ed. D. C. Snell. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 2007, pp. 302-315.
Scurlock, J. "Death and the Afterlife in Ancient Mesopotamian Thought." Civilizations of the Ancient Near East,, ed. Jack M. Sasson. New York: Simon and Schuster Macmillan, 1995, pp. 1883-1893.
Van Der Toorn, K. B. Becking, and P. W. van der Horst, eds. Dictionary of Deities and Demons in the Bible. 2d extensively revised edition. Leiden/Boston/Koln: Brill; Grand Rapids/Cambridge, U.K.: Eerdmans, 1998
Walton, J. H. Ancient Near Eastern Thought and the Old Testament: Introducing the Conceptual World of the Hebrew Bible. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2006.
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Choksi, M. (2014, June 20). Ancient Mesopotamian Beliefs in the Afterlife. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://www.ancient.eu/article/701/
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Mercedes-Benz starts 2016 with double-digit growth
2016-02-08 17:02:43.0 By Chris Greener mercedes-benz
Mercedes-Benz have started 2016 with record unit sales, handing 150,814 vehicles over to customers - an increase of 19.9%.
The strong growth in unit sales was driven by record numbers in all three core regions: Europe, Asia-Pacific and NAFTA, and the manufacturer was the premium market leader in the UK.
Particularly strong growth of more than 20% and record unit sales were achieved in the UK, Spain, Belgium and Switzerland.
January's total is an increase of 19.9% compared with the same month of last year, and means that Mercedes-Benz has grown for the 35th consecutive month.
Out of the 150,818 cars bought in the first month of the year, 48,840 compact cars in the shape of an A- or B-Class, a CLA, a CLA Shooting Brake or a GLA were sold.
A total of 31,993 units of the C-Class Saloon and Estate were sold - the best January so far for the best-selling Mercedes-Benz model. The new C-Class coupe was very popular in the first month after its market launch in December 2015.
Demand for the E-Class remains strong shortly before the market launch of the new generation: In January, the E-Class Saloon and Estate were among the best-selling models of Mercedes-Benz.
The S-Class maintained its position as the world's best-selling luxury saloon in the first month of 2016, with a record number sold in one month.
Demand for the SUVs from Mercedes-Benz also continues at a high level, with sales in January 62.5% higher than in the prior-year month and rose to a new record of 53,966 units.
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Our CompanyHeritageVickers Vulcan
An eight passenger commercial transport biplane that met with limited success in service.
The first Vickers Vulcan for Instone Air Line Ltd G-EBBL City of Antwerp.
The Vickers Vulcan was designed by Rex Pierson and featured an enclosed cabin for eight passengers within a deep fuselage of elliptical cross-section. This fuselage was influenced by the design of the earlier Vickers Vimy Commercial and Vickers Vernon (described separately) but unfortunately it earned the aircraft the unflattering nickname of 'The Flying Pig'.
The first Vickers Type 61 Vulcan (G-EBLL) was ordered by Instone Air Line Ltd and flew for the first time in April 1922 at Brooklands, Weybridge. Power was provided by a 360 hp Rolls-Royce Eagle VIII, supplied by the Aircraft Disposal Co. (Airdisco) and it was expected that the provision of eight passenger seats, combined with a single engine would result in low operating costs and make it very profitable for commercial operations.
Instone had initially ordered four aircraft ‘off the drawing board’. Two were to be built for passenger operations (G-EBLL & G-EBDH) with a second pair (G-EBEA & G-EBEM) intended for cargo operations.
The first aircraft (G-EBLL) was delivered on 30th May 1922 and it was followed by the second delivery (G-EBDH) on 15th July. The first aircraft immediately entered into service on the London to Paris route on 1st June 1922, subsequently being mainly used flying between London and Brussels. It was soon joined by 2 others (G-EBDH) and the first of the cargo variants (G-EBEA) on this important passenger and trade route.
In the event, the initial cargo aircraft was converted to the passenger configuration and entered service with Instone. Meanwhile, the second cargo variant (G-EBEM) was actually cancelled by Instone prior to delivery and it was retained by Vickers.
The unsold aircraft took part in the 1922 King’s Cup Air Race before it was ultimately acquired by Leslie Hamiton for air charter operations in January 1926. This aircraft disappeared off the coast of Italy on 7th May 1926 with no trace of wreckage or its crew found.
One aircraft (G-EBEK) was ordered by the Air Ministry to investigate freight operations and it was designated as the Vickers Type 63. It was delivered on 30th October 1922 and was powered by a new Rolls-Royce Eagle IX engine. It was subsequently converted to passenger configuration and made available to Imperial Airways.
Two aircraft were also ordered by QANTAS in Australia. The first of the order (G-EBET) was delivered to the airline for acceptance trials but was rejected as being unable to meet the required specification under the severe climatic conditions experienced. Construction of the second QANTAS aircraft was then abandoned.
Vickers Vulcan G-EBET in Australia for its unsuccessful trials with QANTAS.
Two further aircraft (G-EBFC and G-EBLB) were built for Imperial Airways as the Vickers Type 74, powered by the 450 hp Napier Lion engine.
These aircraft were delivered in December 1924 and May 1925 and were used mainly on the London to Brussels route, occasionally operating as far as Cologne. The second aircraft (G-EBLB) proved to be the last Vickers Vulcan still flying when it was destroyed in an accident during a test flight in July 1928.
Numbers & Variants
Rolls-Royce Eagle VIII, passenger configuration: Five built plus one airframe not completed
One aircraft G-EBEK, freight configuration, Rolls-Royce Eagle IX. Subsequently converted to passenger configuration for Imperial Airways
Napier Lion engine, passenger configuration for Imperial Airways, two built
Total built
8 aircraft, plus one airframe not completed
Type 61 Vulcan
One 360 hp Rolls-Royce Eagle VIII
One 450 hp Napier Lion
49 ft 0 in
6,150 lb
Pilot, up to eight passengers
105 mph at sea level
No examples of the Vickers Vulcan survive.
www.brooklandsmuseum.com
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Nancy Grace: Crime Stories
Once again, I had the privilege of joining Nancy for her Sirius XM radio show. We were also joined by Alisa Statman, author of "Restless Souls: The Sharon Tate Family's Account of Stardom, the Manson Murders, and a Crusade for Justice" for a discussion about the recent decision to grant parole to Leslie Van Houten, one of the Manson followers. California Governor Jerry Brown has received the recommendation from the Parole Commission and will make his decision about whether or not to grant her parole within the next 130 days. Hopefully, this decision mirrors his last one: that Van Houten remain in prison.
Leslie Van Houten was not present on August 9th, 1969 when Sharon Tate and her nearly term baby, Jay Sebring, Abigail Folger, Woytek Frykowski and Steven Parent were murdered in one of the most horrific crimes in Los Angeles history. Instead, Van Houten chose to join the others the following night when they killed Rosemary and Leno LaBianca at their house a short distance away. Van Houten admitted to holding Rosemary down and to stabbing her over a dozen times, writing on the walls with the victim's blood and then making a snack and showering before fleeing the scene. Committing an unquestionably premeditated act, Van Houten knew they were going out to commit murder and chose to ride along anyway. At her sentencing hearing in 1970, she received the death penalty which was then rescinded in 1972 with a brief Supreme Court decision that vacated all death penalty cases (Furman v. Georgia). She has petitioned for early release ever since.
Van Houten now claims she is rehabilitated and is no longer a danger to society. I wholeheartedly disagree. I contend that she is a cold-blooded killer and deserves to spend the rest of her days behind bars. In my experience, behavior behind bars provides no insight into a person's true motives. With nothing but idle time on their hands, pursuing educational degrees and kudos does nothing to prove their worthiness to live free in society, rather, it is simply a way to pass the days and eventually get in the good graces of naïve decision-makers who may think otherwise. Just my opinion.
In typical Nancy Grace form, she tackles this case from a prosecutorial standpoint without holding back. Alisa Statman's vast knowledge about the case gives listeners incredible insight into the Tate family's torment in the days following the crimes as well as the ensuing decades during their victim's rights campaign for justice. It is a fascinating conversation and I hope you'll tune in!
You can find Alisa Statman's book, "Restless Souls", here:
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B005LC0RLE/ref=dp-kindle-redirect?_encoding=UTF8&btkr=1
Tune in on Thursday, September 14th at 9:00 am, 12:00 pm, 3:00 pm EST or find the podcast here:
http://www.crimeonline.com/nancy/
Hug the ones you love!
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Home>Companies>Barclays>Barclays Burnham On Crouch
Barclays Burnham On Crouch
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World, 1502, Cantino Planisphere
Size 48” x 24”/122 x 61 cm - $125 36” x 18”/92 x 46 cm - $95 24” x 12”/61 x 30.5 cm - $65
The Cantino Planisphere is one of the most significant surviving cartographic documents. Created by an anonymous Portuguese mapmaker, it depicts the world as only known to the Portuguese at the time. The large manuscript map contained the latest Portuguese discoveries around the world — the Brazilian coast of South America, explorations of the northern parts of South America and the North American coast from Florida to New York, a detailed account of the Indian Ocean, and a remarkably accurate coastline of all of Africa. All that was strategic information which was privileged and highly restricted at the time. The manuscript also features the Tordesillas Meridian — a demarkation line from the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas, according to which Pope Alexander VI (Rodrigo Borgia), divided all the non-Christian world between the crowns of Castile and Portugal. The Cantino Planisphere was named after Alberto Cantino, an Italian spy employed by the Duke of Ferrara, who in 1502 managed to smuggle this extraordinarily valuable map from Portugal into Italy. Today the original manuscript is on display at the Biblioteca Estense Universitaria in Modena, Italy. (This item is also available framed in our collection.)
• Cantino Planisphere, a 1502 manuscript map depicting the world as known to the Europeans
• (I) Size Print: 48” x 24” / 122 cm x 61 cm | (I) Size Map: 44.5” x 20.8” / 113 cm x 53 cm
• (II) Size Print: 36” x 18” / 92 cm 46 cm | (II) Size Map: 33.5” x 15.7” / 85.25 cm x 40 cm
• (III) Size Print: 24” x 12” / 61 cm x 30.5 cm | (III) Size Map: 22.4” x 10.5” / 57 cm x 27 cm
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About Bayer in Austria
Bayer is an innovative company with a more than 150-year history and core competencies in the areas of health care and agriculture.
Bayer Austria site in Herbststrasse, Vienna. Image rights Bayer Austria
Approximately 230 employees in Austria are responsible for marketing, sales, technical and medical consulting for Bayer products, and clinical trials. Since 2009, the Vienna office has overseen the South East Europe country group, which comprises Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, North Macedonia, Serbia and Slovenia.
Through its pilot projects and its role at the helm of the South East Europe country group, our site in Austria helps put the “Science For A Better Life” mission statement into practice and contribute to ensuring that one day Bayer’s vision, “Health for all, hunger for none” comes to reality.
Managing Director of Bayer Austria
Bayer Austria GmbH/APA- Fotoservice/Hörmandinger
Since October 2020 Lieven Hentschel is the Managing Director of Bayer Austria and Senior Bayer Representative for the SEE Region. In addition, he is heading the Pharmaceuticals Division in Austria since July 2020. Lieven Hentschel brings international experience and global market knowledge from various senior positions in different countries as well as Pharma headquarters into his new role at Bayer Austria.
The history of Bayer in Austria
The history of Bayer in Austria starts at the location Hegelgasse, Vienna, in 1898. It was at this address that “Farbenfabrikenvorm. Friedrich Bayer & Co” opened a small sales company distributing dyestuffs and pharmaceuticals that was managed by businessmen Karl Overhoff and Ferdinand Mireau.
The Vienna office was opened at a time of turbulent change in industry, when major discoveries and developments were coming to light that are still shaping the world to this day. Farbenfabriken, which had been established in 1863 as a trading company under the name “Friedrich Bayer et. Comp” and was headquartered in Elberfeld (Wuppertal, Germany), was entering a revolutionary sector. The company’s founders, Friedrich Bayer, who was a businessman, and Friedrich Weskott, who owned a cotton-dyeing business, were manufacturing synthetic dyes from coal tar. The founders began producing a red dye at their alizarin factory in Elberfeld in 1872 but achieved a decisive breakthrough when they developed their azo dyes, which considerably surpassed their predecessors in terms of luminosity and versatility. The world became colorful. In 1881, the sales company changed its name for the first time – to “Farbenfabrikenvorm. Friedrich Bayer & Co”.
In 1927, pharmaceutical operations were transferred to the newly established “Vedepha” (an abbreviation of the German for “selling German pharmaceuticals”), which was renamed “Pharmabüro Bayer” in 1938. “Pharmabüro Bayer” also took over the distribution of crop protection products.
After the Second World War, in 1946, “ChemiaChemikalienhandelsgesellschaftm.b.H.” was established to distribute the products of Farbenfabriken Bayer AG – with the exception of Bayer pharmaceuticals. “Pharmabüro Bayer”, which became “Photopharm” in 1948, handled pharmaceuticals operations for Bayer and was renamed Bayer Pharma Ges.m.b.H. In 1967.
In 1970, Bayer Austria Ges.m.b.H. was established as a 100 percent holding of Chemia and took over sales activities for Bayer products. Bayer Pharma merged with Bayer Austria in 1985, combining Bayer’s most important areas of activity under one roof. In 1991, both companies – Chemia and Bayer Austria – were consolidated.
Bayer took over the crop protection arm of Aventis in 2002. In October of the same year, Bayer CropScience AG became a legally independent company, and its broad product portfolio made it a leading global company for crop protection, environmental science, biotechnology and seeds.
By 2005, the next round of mergers was taking place. The highly successful Consumer Care department of Bayer Austria and Consumer Health department of Roche Austria became the new Bayer Consumer Care unit. Over the course of reorganization at the Bayer Group in the same year, most of the chemicals activities and about a third of the plastics operations of Bayer were hived off to the newly established LANXESS Group.
In 2007, the operations of Schering were integrated into the pharmaceutical division of Bayer in Austria, bringing diagnostic imaging, general medicine, specialty medicine and women’s healthcare to the Bayer Group. As a result, headcount continued to grow and the office buildings at Vienna’s LerchenfelderGürtel, which had been home to Bayer’s operations in Austria for some 20 years, became too small. Bayer staff and the former employees of Schering were thus relocated to Herbststrasse, 1160 Vienna.
In October 2009, Bayer established the South East Europe (SEE) country group, which comprises Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia. The country group has since been overseen from Vienna.
Clinical trials at Bayer Austria
Research plays a major role at our Austrian site. Bayer in Austria is particularly active in identifying and developing new active substances. Clinical trials are currently underway in Austria in the areas of cardiology, oncology, hematology and ophthalmology.
Research as an opportunity
Clinical trials have numerous benefits. For example, participating in a clinical trial is often the only way that seriously ill patients who have exhausted all other treatment options can access a treatment with new drugs that have not yet been licensed. Meanwhile, the doctors who are taking part can expand their expertise, jobs are safeguarded and Austria’s reputation as a location for research is boosted as well.
Our pursuit of transparency
Transparency is important to us, as it helps us build a bridge between the public and our scientists. That is why Bayer is committed to providing public access to information about its planned and ongoing clinical trials and trial results for patients, regardless of whether certain results are positive or negative for our products. Naturally, all this takes place within the framework of global pharmaceutical industry associations and the corresponding laws and regulations.
Bayer is also committed to sharing patient data from trials with expert researchers so as to enhance transparency, improve medical expertise and promote scientific discovery. To protect patient privacy, data is shared in full accordance with international standards.
Data from Bayer trials can be accessed through the "Bayer Trial Finder".
Support to patient organizations
Transfers of Value to Healthcare Professionals
Lobbying Code of Conduct
Bayer Austria Ges.m.b.H. bases its lobbying activities on the Bayer Code of Conduct for Responsible Lobbying and the Code of Conduct of the Austrian Public Affairs Association.
© Bayer Austria
Conditions of Use (German version)
Privacy Statement (German version)
Imprint (German version)
General terms and conditions of purchase (German version)
General terms and conditions (German version)
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Home > Blog > Habitats Directive – Imperfect, but still best in the world
Habitats Directive – Imperfect, but still best in the world
The EU has started a review of the Habitats and Birds Directives, there are profound concerns that the intention of the UK and other national Governments is to weaken the directives so that economic considerations will more easily trump wildlife. Wildlife charities are campaigning to improve how the directives are implemented, but are firm that the time is not right to open up the actual laws for review.
Beautiful Law
The Habitats and Birds Directives have two main benefits for invertebrates, both spring from the lists of protected species and habitats in the Directives. Firstly, countries must designate Natura 2000 sites, think super protected Sites of Special Scientific Interest, to provide safe areas for the listed habitats and the habitats of the listed species (Annex 2 list), secondly countries must take action to protect species listed on Annexes 4 and 5 from capture, killing, disturbance and damage to their resting and breeding places – and to ensure that all listed species are all maintained in ‘Favourable Conservation Status’.
The beauty of the Directives is the strength and fairness that arises from their careful and elegant legal wording. It matters not if you are a highly glamorous lynx or a small, rare snail that lives in ditches and can only be identified by experienced experts, the Directives insist that they are given a place to live, their populations are maintained on a long-term basis, their natural range is neither being reduced nor is likely to be reduced for the foreseeable future, and there continues to be a sufficiently large area of habitat available. Countries have to monitor the populations of the species and habitat against rigorous criteria and report how they are faring.
This legislation is the nearest any society has come to a legal framework that guarantees a future for other species, in effect it gives them a right not to be driven to extinction.
Ugly Threat
The implementation of the Directives has not been perfect, in the marine environment they have not been rigorously applied and damaging activities still progress on Natura 2000 sites. In the UK there has been a narrow approach to the implementation; ‘do the minimum possible’ has been the mantra. As a result we have the smallest percentage of our land surface protected of any European country. Indeed unless you are one of the tiny number of species actually named on the Natura site designation papers you may not be looked after at all.
Buglife has helped to improve the UK implementation the Directive, we identified that the UK was allowing the trade of protected species collected illegally elsewhere in Europe. Typically the UK refused to protect such species from sale, allowing the market to thrive, until the European Court ordered them to close the loop hole in October 2005.
The latest report on how the listed species and habitats are faring came out this week. Only 23% of species are in Favourable Conservation Status, as usual the bugs tend to be doing worse than the flowers and fluffy animals, and a shocking 16% of habitats – 77% of habitats are still disappearing or deteriorating. Conservation organisations, 100 in the UK alone, are united in calling for this to improve, but are also united in pointing at national delivery as the key problem, not the wording of the legislation.
The UK Government is seen as being hostile to the Directives, George Osborne has railed against them, accusing them of damaging the economy; the Conservative Party election manifesto pointedly commits to “maintain national protections” while omitting to mention any European environmental protection areas. Indeed, an otherwise very optimistic analysis of the Conservative Government’s plans for the environment in the Telegraph states that “The Government will also seek to emasculate European directives that provide the main protection for British wildlife. Liz Truss – the reappointed, but hitherto unremarkable, Environment Secretary – is not expected to provide much resistance. But, then, nature conservation has never featured much in the Prime Minister’s greenery.”
The UK is not alone in wanting to see the Directives weakened, the Dutch and German governments may be strong allies.
The List Conundrum
It is widely accepted that the lists of species and habitats in the annexes of the Habitats Directive are imperfect. As knowledge improves, particularly through the production of EU Red Lists of endangered plants and animals more species are identified that are in urgent need of habitat or direct protection.
Many experts want to see the lists reviewed so that the benefits of the Directive are better focussed on those species that are in greatest need of help.
The mismatch between the listed species and their EU Red List status is clearly shown by recent analyses for butterflies and dragonflies. Of the 30 species of butterfly listed in Annexes 2 and/or 4 of the Habitats Directive only 11 are on the EU Red List. On the other hand of the 32 threatened butterfly species on the Red List only 11 are on the annexes of the Habitats Directive. The same holds true for dragonflies with 16 species on Annexes 2 and/or 4 of which only 3 are Red Listed. 22 dragonfly species are considered threatened in the EU Red List, but only 3 are listed in the Annexes (Maes et al. 2013).
The situation is even more dramatic for the molluscs where 96% of the threatened species on the EU Red List are not listed on the Annexes and c.60% of the species do not even occur on any Natura site (Mary Seddon, IUCN, pers comm).
There are many other gaps, for instance despite the widespread plight of pollinators there are very few listed on the Annexes, and notably not a single bee is listed on the Habitats Directive.
The recent IUCN EU Bee Red List states that we should “Increase the protection of habitats supporting high bee diversity and endemism, and also those that act as source habitats for bees, with particular focus on Mediterranean and montane areas and species-rich grasslands.”
So is it therefore urgent that we review the lists of species now? After deliberation we have concluded that this would not be wise.
There are three reasons why now is not the right time to revise the lists of species on the Habitats Directive.
Firstly – reviewing the lists will divert scarce resources from implementing the Directives, it is more important that this review process sets out clear ways to improve how the legislation is implemented, rather than introduce new requirements for additional protected Natura sites that would arise from revising the lists. This distraction could result in uncertainty and further failure to implement.
Secondly – the evidence base is not yet sufficiently complete for a robust review of the lists, there are no EU Red Lists yet for hoverflies, ground beetles, grasshoppers and crickets, moths, mayflies, stoneflies, or spiders, for instance. It is not possible yet to predict the effect on the network of protected sites of adding species or habitats, this should be better understood before the criteria for reviewing the lists are determined.
Thirdly – the Directives and the lists provide long term benefits and as such are less likely to be improved if reviewed at a time of short term economic focus, there will be less finance to do a good job and more opposition if the list review is undertaken in the next 5 years.
So what do we want the EU to do for Bugs?
There are many potentially very positive outcomes from this review of the Nature Directives, particularly in relation to stepping up the actions and ensuring that species and habitats are moving towards being in Favourable Conservation Status.
While the time is not right to review the species lists Buglife does believe that this will be required. A number of steps can be taken that would set the foundations for a review of the species lists, including:-
Establishing a clear list review process that will develop the criteria for an evidence-led approach to reviewing the lists.
Speeding up the Red Listing process – So that we are able to better address conservation need on a rigorous prioritised basis of threat and endangerment this process should be completed for all well recorded groups of organisms by 2020.
Mapping Important Invertebrate Areas – The European Court of Justice has repeatedly acknowledged that BirdLife International’s inventory of Important Bird Areas (IBAs) is a valid basis of reference in assessing whether Member States have classified a sufficient number and size of territories as Special Protection Areas (SPAs) under the Birds Directive. It is time that we had a similar defined areas for all well recorded taxonomic groups – the most notable gap is Important Invertebrate Areas – Buglife has secured a project to define these in UK countries, but this should be expanded into an EU wide initiative.
In addition we would like to see the EU support and develop improvements to monitoring wildlife, recording biological data and assessing status. Identifying which species need to be conserved, and monitoring those species, are a basic foundation of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Gaps in knowledge about the current status of species and habitats are apparent in EU Red List Assessments and Article 17 reports. The EU should put greater emphasis and resources towards improving the gathering and collating of biological data and converting that data into a more taxonomically complete set of EU Red Lists, and more certain assessments of progress towards achieving conservation aims.
Of course there are other actions that the EU and its member states could improve that will also help bugs – particularly, better pesticide regulations, improved soil protection, less chemical pollution, reduced light pollution, and better implementation of the Water Framework Directive (including small water bodies).
Finally we believe that it is time that we had an EU Pollinator Strategy – With failing pollination services across the EU, several member states are establishing national pollinator strategies – there should also be an EU strategy. This would cover protected areas, municipal policy, agrochemical regulation and agri-environment schemes (including organic farming) – see more in Buglife’s Pollinator Manifesto.
If you want to help to protect and improve the implementation of the best laws for wildlife in the world you have a choice – you can fill in the answers yourself on the EC’s webpages or you can do it with one click by going to this website set up by wildlife NGOs across the EU to give standard answers in support of nature.
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You Are Here: Home → 2012 → March → 26 → Church official saddened over cancellation of dialogue with Aquino on human rights
Church official saddened over cancellation of dialogue with Aquino on human rights
Ina Alleco Silverio March 26, 2012 2 Comments Benigno Aquino III, Olav Fykse Tveit, World Council of Churches
“Somebody needs to speak about the human right situation — the disappearances, the detention of political prisoners, the tortures and the over all lack of legal security Filipinos face. This is a big challenge for the Philippines, and these need to be addressed.”
By INA ALLECO R. SILVERIO
MANILA — The general secretary of the World Council of Churches Rev. Dr. Olav Fykse Tveit expressed disappointment over President Benigno Aquino III’s seeming lack of interest to discuss issues pertaining to the human rights situation in the Philippines. The WCC is the biggest protestant organization in the world, with a worldwide fellowship of 349 churches representing 560 million Christian members coming from various Christian traditions including the Lutheran, Methodist, Baptists, Reformed churches, Anglicans, Orthodox and Pentecostal Churches. It is considered to be on equal footing with the Roman Catholic religious authorities in the Vatican.
Tveit was in Manila from March 22 to 24 to attend the pre-assembly of the WCC Commission for World Mission and Evangelism (WCC-CWME), which began March 22 and continues until March 27.
(Photo courtesy of World Council of Churches / bulatlat.com)
Tveit was scheduled to meet with Aquino in Malacañang around noon last Friday, but, according to the National Council of Churches of the Philippines (NCCP), which handled Tveit’s schedule, Malacañang suddenly cancelled the meeting when it was told that the church leader was interested in discussing the Philippine human rights situation. The NCCP and its member churches belong to the WCC fellowship.
An issue of legality and morality
In an interview with Bulatlat.com, Tveit said he could not help but be “disappointed because it would have been a tremendous opportunity for the president and us to talk about matters that are highly important to the Church and the Filipino people.
“There a lot of a people who need the attention of both the Church and the government. Somebody needs to speak about the human right situation — the disappearances, the detention of political prisoners, the tortures and the over all lack of legal security Filipinos face. This is a big challenge for the Philippines, and these need to be addressed. When the well-being of the people suffer, when their human rights are not cared for, then the Church’s fellowship also suffers. Anyone can be a victim of human rights violations,” Tveit said.
On March 23, Tveit met with leaders of the human rights organization Karapatan and some human rights victims. During the meeting in Quezon City, Karapatan gave a rundown on the current human rights situation in the Philippines.A number of victims of extrajudicial killings from 2001 to the present belong to member churches of the WCC.
“One case of human rights violations is one case too many. This situation has to be addressed by the legal system, by the political authorities in the country. What we all want is to build a fair society, where everyone can have legal protection. The authorities should listen to the people,” he said.
In the meantime, Tveit said that he was also personally interested in a dialogue with Aquino because they were the same age – 51.
“I was interested to hear about his views on what people our generation can still contribute to humanity. I wanted to hear his own reflections on this matter, about his thoughts on what we can do to make the world better,” he said.
According to Tveit, human rights are a very important issue to the WCC. “We are always concerned about issues concerning human rights. This is a very serious issue that any leader should be concerned with. How can any leadership be trusted if he won’t discuss these issues? This is a legal issue, but it is also a matter of morality. It is in the interest of everybody to address the issues of the people,”he said.
The protestant church official said had he been able to speak with Aquino, he would have also wanted to discuss with him other issues affecting the world like poverty, rising criminality, violence and worsening economic and political crises.
“Perhaps we could have reflected on how to to address the issues of the world and how the Church can support the work to bring about peace and justice. I would have wanted to learn from President Aquino what he thinks about these issues,” he said.
Tveit was elected WCC general secretary in August 2009 and began to hold office in January 2010. He previously served the WCC as a member of the Faith and Order Plenary Commission and as a co-chair of the Palestine-Israel Ecumenical Forum core group. He is an ordained pastor in the Church of Norway and served as a parish priest in Haram, More Diocese, as well as an army chaplain. In 2002, he was awarded a doctorate in theology by the Norwegian school of Theology/Menighetsfakultet in Oslo for his dissertation on Mutual Accountability as Ecumenical Attitude.
Rev. Fr. Rex Reyes Jr., General Secretary of the NCCP said the last minute cancellation was unfortunate. “Dr. Tveit is very much aware of issues in the Philippines and while he would have raised certain concerns, he would have also conveyed support to the resumption of the formal peace negotiations. We tried to seek this audience between the visiting leader and the President hinged on his campaign promises,” Reyes said. Dr. Tveit is a Norwegian and is aware of the role of the Royal Norwegian Government on the peace process.
“The WCC has always been our partner in the work for the defense of human rights in the Philippines. The WCC has not been ignorant of developments in the country when it comes to these matters. It’s too bad that Aquino missed the opportunity to give his views. It would have been his opportunity to explain what he intends to do with these concerns,” he said.
The church mission in a globalized world
Representatives of the Roman Catholic Church and representatives of independent Pentecostal and Evangelical churches and movements also attended the event. Manila Archbishop Luis Antonio Tagle represented the Vatican, which both he and Tveit said ,has very close ties with the WCC. The Roman Catholic Church is an observer at the WCC but holds full participating membership ion the Commissions on Mission and on Faith and Order.
Rev. Reyes said the conference was the broadest and biggest international ecumenical gathering in the Philippines.
“The affirmation of mission is timely and critical. Much has changed in the world in the past three decades since the first Statement on Mission and Evangelism in 1961. In a globalized world, many problems have been globalized as well, such as economic crisis, displacement, plunder, poverty. And surely the world’s rich remains few while the poor had grown in bounds. In this context, with parallel similarities during Jesus’ time, the church mission would be for the poor. Only through this will the church’s role be truly prophetic.”
Reyes explained that the WCC pre-assembly sought to take a second look at mission and evangelism in the complex and difficult context. A draft on the same was prepared by the CWME and is hoped to be adopted by the assembly. The final assembly paper will be presented to the WCC General Committee before it is presented to the 10th General Assembly of the WCC to be held in Busan, South Korea in 2013.
One of the speakers, Dr. Roderick R. Hewitt, presented a paper titled “re-articulating Christian Mission and Evangelism.” In it, he issued a crticism against the impact of globalization.
“The impact of globalization on the wellbeing of people has resulted in war, political instability, hunger and climate change, especially for those in the South and has resulted in the mass migration of peoples that brought their faiths, languages and different Christian traditions into new cultural contexts. The pressing missiological challenge is how churches today celebrate differences while remaining faithful…The Christian mission must address, redefine and celebrate its integral mode of being in community. It must consistently affirm plurality which moves beyond simplistic dialogue to re-conceptualize mission and evangelism in the light of the challenge of religious and cultural plurality because mission and evangelism in Christ’s way is based upon a theology of generosity arising from our understanding of truth that is revealed in Christ,” he said.
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Pingback: Church leaders call on Aquino to address urban poor concerns, human rights violations - Bulatlat
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Logan not discouraged by slopestyle performance at the Olympics
PYEONGCHANG, South Korea — Devin Logan had one last shot at the podium, one last chance to celebrate her 25th birthday by adding a second slopestyle medal to go with the silver she won in Sochi.
“You’ve got to send it, you don’t want to have any regrets,” she told herself.
Seconds later, Logan slipped off the rail and fell. The second medal will have to wait.
“You have good days, you have bad days, but that’s free skiing,” she said after Saturday’s race where she finished 10th. “When you push yourself to the next level, sometimes it works, sometimes it doesn’t.”
More:Vermonters to watch Saturday in the Olympics
More:Vermont's Logan planning on 'insane' double at Olympics
More:Viewing guide: How to watch Vermonters at the 2018 Winter Olympics
Logan didn’t seem the least bit discouraged as she said all this. Nor did her fellow Vermonter, Caroline Claire, when she talked about falling on her two attempts during the qualifying rounds and failing to advance to the finals.
Maybe it’s just the upbeat nature of freestyle skiers. Or maybe it’s because Logan and Claire each have plenty of reasons to feel good about themselves.
Claire just turned 18 and had to medal in her last qualifying event to make it to the Olympics. So while she was disappointed in her performance Saturday, she understands it’s just the start.
“It just meant the world to me to be here and to able to ski with such an amazing group of people,” she said. “It’s indescribable. having everyone cheer for you at the bottom, even when you fall, I can’t even describe the feeling.
“All the support is amazing. Going into four years from now, I know I have a big fan base back home, I have a big fan base here and it means the world to me.”
Logan, by contrast, is out to make history at these Olympics, by becoming the first woman to compete in slopestyle and the halfpipe.
She fell on her first run of the finals, stayed upright on her second run but made too many mistakes, then fell again on her third.
“I had three runs, I landed one, not the cleanest again, but it’s the Olympics, you’ve got to send it and leave nothing on the table and just be happy with it so that’s what I am,” she said. ‘It’s awesome to represent the USA. I wish it could have gone better but what are you going to do? It’s just skiing. I’m going to ski another day and I’m going to see another day.”
That other day will come Tuesday, when Logan competes in the women’s halfpipe, and she said she’s postponing any birthday celebrations until that event is done. But skiing in the Olympics isn’t a bad way to celebrate a birthday, at least if you have the perspective to realize it, and (this certainly helps) a silver medal waiting back home.
“I have a silver medal from Sochi, no one can take the away from me, so, I have that and I’m the first lady freestyler to do both halfpipe and slopestyle,” she said. “I’m doing it my own way, making history my own way, and I’m ecstatic to be here and showcase what I have on the worldwide stage.”
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Add parallel Share Print Page Options Listen to Matthew 9:34, Matthew 12:24, Mark 3:22, Luke 11:15, John 7:20
34 But the Pharisees said, “He casts out demons by the prince of demons.”
Matthew 9:34 in all English translations
24 But when the Pharisees heard it, they said, (A)“It is only by Beelzebul, the prince of demons, that this man casts out demons.”
Matthew 12:24 : Mark 3:22; See ch. 10:25
Matthew 12:24 in all English translations
Blasphemy Against the Holy Spirit
22 And (A)the scribes who came down from Jerusalem were saying, (B)“He is possessed by Beelzebul,” and “by the prince of demons he casts out the demons.”
Mark 3:22 : ch. 7:1; Matt. 15:1
Mark 3:22 : Matt. 9:34; 12:24; Luke 11:15; [Matt. 10:25]; See John 7:20
Mark 3:22 in all English translations
15 But some of them said, “He casts out demons (A)by Beelzebul, the prince of demons,”
Luke 11:15 : See Matt. 10:25
Luke 11:15 in all English translations
20 The crowd answered, (A)“You have a demon! Who is seeking to kill you?”
John 7:20 : ch. 8:48, 52; 10:20; [Matt. 11:18; Mark 3:22; Luke 7:33]
John 7:20 in all English translations
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Lady Gaga's 'Edge of Glory' Single Premieres, 'Hair' Coming Next Week
By Jason Lipshutz
Lady Gaga to Premiere 'Glory' Video on 'So You Think You Can Dance'
Lady Gaga gave her Little Monsters another preview of her new album, "Born This Way," by releasing the racing advance single "The Edge of Glory" online today (May 9), with another single, "Hair," set for release next Monday (May 16). "The Edge of Glory" digital track was released exclusively to iTunes, while streaming audio of the song was posted on the pop star's VEVO channel.
Like first single "Born This Way," "The Edge of Glory" leans upon sunny electronica that ramps up during its anthemic chorus, and while "Glory" also glorifies risk-taking, it's focused on romance rather than individual inspiration. "I need a man that thinks it's right when it's so wrong tonight, yeah baby, tonight, yeah baby/Right on the limits where we know we both belong tonight," Gaga sings in the opening verse. "Glory" also features a nifty instrumental breakdown showcasing a bluesy saxophone solo that begins at the three-minute mark.
Lady Gaga's 'Judas' Video: Motorycle Mayhem Meets Biblical Betrayal
Gaga announced the release of "The Edge of Glory" and showcased the single artwork, which shows the singer prying her mouth open, on Twitter yesterday. Interscope has also revealed that "Hair" will hit iTunes at the same time next Monday, with the full "Born This Way" album arriving one week later. Fans who have purchased all of the "Born This Way" singles can use the Complete My Album feature in iTunes to buy the full-length at a reduced price.
"The Edge of Glory's" debut comes less than a week after the biblically- and biker-inspired music video for "Born This Way's" second single, "Judas," was unveiled online. The track drops to No. 20 in its third week on the Hot 100.
Lady Gaga Set to Perform National Anthem at Biden-Harris Inauguration | Billboard News
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Blackwater Said to Approve …
Mark Mazzetti & James Risen, New York Times
Blackwater Xe (formerly Blackwater)
Военная промышленность / оборона Охранные предприятия
Соединенные Штаты Америки Ирак
Убийства Вопросы безопасности и зоны конфликтов: В общем Разглашение/ использование платежей правительствам Судебные дела и регуляторные меры: Общее
Top executives at Blackwater Worldwide authorized secret payments of about $1 million to Iraqi officials that were intended to silence their criticism and buy their support after a September 2007 episode in which Blackwater security guards fatally shot 17 Iraqi civilians in Baghdad, according to former company officials…Four former executives said in interviews that Gary Jackson, who was then Blackwater’s president, had approved the bribes and that the money was sent from Amman, Jordan…to a top manager in Iraq. The executives, though, said they did not know whether the cash was delivered to Iraqi officials or the identities of the potential recipients…Stacy DeLuke, a spokeswoman for the company, now called Xe Services, dismissed the allegations as “baseless”…
Story Timeline
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How to involve your MP
We would be grateful if you could email the message below to your MP to urge them to support a National Strategy for the Prevention of Young Sudden Cardiac Death.
Please consider adding a personal opening paragraph about why you are supporting CRY.
You can find your MP’s email address at www.parliament.uk/mps-lords-and-offices/mps.
If you meet them in person please print out a copy of the pledge and placard (DOWNLOAD HERE) and ask them to sign it when you meet. Please take a photo with you and your MP holding the placard and email the photo to CRY or include in the tweet thanking them.
Please thank your MP if they support the campaign with the following tweet
Thank you [MP name……] for #MPsupport4CRY to establish a national strategy to prevent #YSCD #12AWeek www.c-r-y.org.uk/my-pledge
EMAIL TO SEND TO MPs
The charity Cardiac Risk in the Young is urging all MPs to make a pledge to support a National Strategy for the Prevention of Young Sudden Cardiac Death to help save young lives.
As our MP, your support is vital to help raise awareness in our local media. Any support you are able to give will help to prevent young sudden cardiac deaths in our community, and the tragedies other families and communities are suffering every day in the UK.
Why do we need MPs to support a National Strategy for the Prevention of Young Sudden Cardiac Death?
UK healthcare policy to prevent young sudden cardiac deaths is informed by a number of guidelines and recommendations. These include:
Department of Health National Service Framework for Coronary Heart Disease, Chapter 8
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Transient loss of consciousness (‘blackouts’) in over 16s
UK National Screening Committee (UK NSC) recommendation on screening to prevent Sudden Cardiac Death in 12 to 39 year olds
Current UK policies are contradictory, with our guidelines based on inconsistent assessments of the incidence, methods of diagnosis and management of cardiac conditions in young people.
The UK needs a national strategy to ensure the guidelines and policies to prevent young sudden cardiac death are consistent. The first stage of a national strategy should be to correctly acknowledge the incidence of these deaths.
The latest report from the UK National Screening Committee (LINK) and a recent letter to the government from the UK Statistics Authority (LINK) provide clear evidence that the number of young sudden cardiac deaths (age 35 and under) is significantly under-reported.
In 2015, policy advisors considered the risk of young sudden cardiac death “tiny” and said that “the overwhelming majority of heart attacks happen in elderly people (LINK)
12 young people dying every WEEK is not a “tiny” issue
Cardiac arrest in the young is NOT comparable to heart attacks in the elderly
What is the pledge?
“I pledge to support a National Strategy for the Prevention of Young Sudden Cardiac Death to help save the lives of the 12 apparently fit and healthy young people who die every week in the UK of undiagnosed cardiac conditions.”
How do MPs support this campaign and sign up to the pledge?
To immediately sign up to the campaign, MPs can do it by EMAIL and/or TWITTER.
In an EMAIL by forwarding the following statement to mypledge@c-r-y.org.uk:
I am today pledging to support a National Strategy for the Prevention of Young Sudden Cardiac Death to help save the lives of the 12 apparently fit and healthy young people who die every week in the UK of undiagnosed cardiac conditions.
And/or in a TWEET:
Today I pledge #MPsupport4CRY to establish a national strategy to prevent #YSCD to help save young lives #12AWeek www.c-r-y.org.uk/my-pledge
What will happen once MPs have signed the pledge?
All those MPs who support this pledge (in a letter, email, tweet or other) will have their name added to the webpage www.c-r-y.org.uk/my-pledge where it will state “The following MPs have pledged their support to establish a National Strategy for the Prevention of Young Sudden Cardiac Death in the UK.” You will be invited to the next Cardiac Risk in the Young All Party Parliamentary Group to debate the evidence relating to the incidence of young sudden cardiac death which is informing current policy.
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Home Boxing News Floyd Mayweather Opinion: How Floyd Mayweather pulled off the heist of the century at...
Opinion: How Floyd Mayweather pulled off the heist of the century at RIZIN 14
Jordy McElroy
Tenshin Nasukawa showed up for a fight, and Floyd Mayweather showed up for an exhibition match at RIZIN 14.
Ironically, they both got exactly what they wanted at the featured special rules boxing match in Japan on New Year’s Eve. Mayweather left without a scratch after a glorified celebrity appearance, and Nasukawa tasted the pain and heartache of defeat after a real fight with the best boxer on the planet.
There is no pulling back the curtains after the 20-year-old kickboxing phenom was bullied and pummeled before ultimately being TKO’d in the first round. Not all losses need to be written on paper as proof of existence.
What should be written, however, is how Mayweather hoodwinked RIZIN by delivering an all-time great plot twist to one of 2018’s most intriguing stories. For a reported $9 million, he agreed to a three, three-minute round exhibition boxing match against Japan’s most notorious up-and-coming combat sports star.
Everything appeared to line up in RIZIN’s favor on the surface. The shortened time limit would present a unique opportunity for the knockout artist in Nasukawa to blitz Mayweather without fear of running out of gas under traditional boxing rules. The organization also leaned on the fact that Mayweather was notorious for being a slow starter, which might have opened the door for Nasukawa to have a few shining moments. All it took was a couple decent rounds from the Japanese star to win the people’s decision.
The 41-year-old Mayweather seemed ripe for the picking.
He looked like he got off the couch on Saturday, flew to Japan on Sunday and stepped into the ring to fight Nasukawa on Monday. This clearly wasn’t even close to the peak fitness we’re accustomed to seeing from the former boxing world champion. As Nasukawa stood as still as a stone-faced killer, Mayweather nonchalantly walked around the ring waving at fans, while taking breaks in between to laugh and chat up his entourage.
It wasn’t a kickboxing match, but Nasukawa also wasn’t a novice fighter, either. He had amassed a 28-0 professional kickboxing record with 22 knockouts. This was clearly a dangerous man standing a few feet away, and Mayweather did little more than laugh and smile in his direction.
It was in that moment that it became evident that Mayweather pulled off the heist of the century. He essentially talked RIZIN into serving up their prized star on a silver platter for another huge payday. Sure, the fight took place in Japan under the RIZIN banner, but Mayweather dictated the rules and elements of the fight—all the way down to having the referee and announcer of his choosing.
That smile on his face never let up as he stalked Nasukawa relentlessly, willingly eating whatever was thrown at him. The fight wasn’t so much about sweet Science as it was physical dominance. Mayweather kept his guard up, cut off the ring and forced the smaller Nasukawa to fight in a phone booth. The punches that led to knockdowns were mostly glancing—one in particular was a simple lead check hook that sent Nasukawa falling to the canvas.
Another lead left hook followed by a right hand put Nasukawa on the ground a third time. As the prideful young fighter struggled to find his footing for a standing eight count, his corner did the right thing and threw in the towel to signal an end to the circus.
Then the juxtaposition between two completely different stories took center stage.
Nasukawa, the dreamer with a bright future, broke down emotionally after giving his all to win the exhibition match and catapult his name to the top of the combat sports world. Then there was Mayweather, the boxing phenom/businessman, calmly untying and removing his gloves as if they were the cufflinks of a three-piece suit.
He got the fight he wanted for $64,285.71 a second in the ring, while also maintaining his relevance in the fight business. RIZIN basically paid him to use their stage and resources to promote himself.
The greatest of all time argument will always be a moot point in regards to Mayweather, but no one can ever question his business acumen. He is second to none at the negotiating table—the best ever at fine-tuning the important details before putting pen to paper.
RIZIN learned the hard way for failing to see past that efficacious smirk. Now, they’ll be forced to watch from below as Floyd Mayweather boards his getaway flight back to the United States $9 million richer.
Note: The views expressed in this article are those of the author, and do not necessarily represent those of BJPENN.COM or its affiliates.
This article first appeared on BJPENN.COM on 1/1/2019.
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reopening June 17 with reduced rates; reservations required
Owls Head Transportation Museum reopens to the public
Fri, 06/05/2020 - 12:00pm
A bird’s eye view of OHTM. (Photo courtesy Owls Head Transportation Museum)
Owls Head Transportation Museum has submitted the following:
After a temporary 3-month closure in response to the ongoing public health crisis, the Owls Head Transportation Museum (OHTM) will officially reopen to the public on Wednesday, June 17. After a careful review of state and national safety guidelines, the museum has implemented temporary service modifications that support the health and wellness of both visitors, members, and employees.
With spacious facilities and outdoor green spaces, the museum is well-positioned to welcome up to 45 visitors at a time to six of its unique gallery spaces, featuring a variety of exhibits and displays, as well as Millstone Park, an outdoor courtyard that offers an accessible picnic area.
OHTM has implemented a robust cleaning schedule, sanitizing all public areas and high-touch surfaces frequently throughout the day. To protect everyone within the facilities, all museum staff are required to wear masks in public and group settings. Hand sanitizer stations are located throughout the public spaces and frequent use is encouraged.
Visitors are required to bring face coverings and wear them whenever social distancing is not possible, both inside the facilities and in designated outdoor spaces. Visitors are also encouraged to maintain a 6-foot social distance from others and must follow all safety and directional signage during their visit. Finally, individuals who are ill or experiencing coronavirus symptoms should not visit the museum for the safety of our other guests and staff.
OHTM will be open to the public five days a week, Wednesday - Sunday, and will offer two timed sessions each day: a morning session from 10-12:30pm and an afternoon session from 1:30-4pm. At this time, the museum cannot accommodate walk-in guests.
Visitors and members are required to make advanced reservations prior to their arrival and household groups should be limited to a maximum of eight people. Members, career veterans, and anyone under the age of 18 are welcome to visit at no cost. Reservations can be made for day-of visits by calling (207) 594-4418 during business hours or by booking online for visits on the following business day and beyond at owlshead.org/visit. Admission rates have been reduced with tickets ranging from $10-12. While tickets reserved by phone can be paid for upon arrival, visitors are strongly encouraged to pre-purchase their tickets to ensure contactless transactions whenever possible.
For more information about onsite safety measures, ticketing options, and more, go to owlshead.org/visit and follow the museum on Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube.
About Owls Head Transportation Museum (OHTM)
For more than 45 years, OHTM has been one of the premier vintage automotive and aviation museums in New England, offering education and entertainment that ignites America's passion for the science of transportation.
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100 years ago today, our first Football League win
The centenary of our victory over Millwall
It was on this day, 30 August, 100 years ago that we won our first points in the Football League. Millwall were the visitors to Griffin Park with more than 12,000 packing into the stands for our first ever home game in the league.
Included in the starting XI was Jack Durston (centre back, above). The 6 foot 5 inch goalkeeper had missed the season opener at Exeter City as he was helping Middlesex win just their second-ever County Championship. Having bowled 30 overs of medium-fast at Lord's, Durston jumped in a taxi to get to Griffin Park for the game when stumps were drawn at the end of play on the Monday.
Another player who missed the weekend defeat at St James Park was Reg Boyne. The striker, who had emigrated to New Zealand as a child, was top scorer during our final Southern League season and came back in to lead the line.
The Chiswick Times report on the game read as:
"Judging by the extraordinary numbers that patronised the games, football appears likely to have a record season. On Saturday the crowds were of considerable dimensions. Brentford's game at home attracted over 12,000 and the Club has made arrangements for a big attendance at the fixture with Exeter tomorrow.
The opening game in the Western city did not show The Bees in a very interesting light but the visitors were unfortunate with good shots in front of goal, whilst Elliott was handicapped by an injured knee. The match served, however, to point out the weak places which were remedied on Monday.
Millwall is a club that has spent a lot of money on improving the team, and many folks fancy the East End club will be near the top at the end of the season. The display against Brentford on Monday, however, whilst producing much pretty forward work, revealed a lack of decision in front of the net.
Brentford snapped up one goal opening and turned it to account and by this goal The Bees won the first points, and incidentally talent money. It is not generally known that clubs may now reward the players with £2 for a win and £1 for a draw.
Durston, fresh from his efforts to win the County Championship at Lord's, hurriedly left cricket and reached Brentford in time to guard the goal, and a really fine game he played too. His height, quickness of eye and dash all helped him to defy the Millwall men, particularly in the second-half, when shots were rammed in on him. Rosier, the direct contrast in point of stature to Durston, was briliiant at left back. He has quickly touched his best form.
I liked the play of the new half-back Challinor. He was handicapped with a bruised ankle, but this did not prevent him bottling up Dempsey and Sutherland - the Millwall left-wing. He has many deft touches and robs his man cleanly. Distributing the ball effectively, he should prove a substantial aid to the middle line. Levitt played unassuming, but nevertheless reliable, game at centre-half, whilst Amos is the artist of the line.
Boyne played with more dash than usual, which, if maintained, should ensure him his position. Morley foraged well and made clever openings. He appears sometimes to keep the ball too long but there are brains behind his movements which were indicated by two lightning strikes at Lansdale, which a less capable man would have missed"
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Into the Dark: Down (2019)
Director: Daniel Stamm
Notable Cast: Natalie Martinez, Matt Lauria, Arnie Pantoja, Christina Leone
After the release of The Last Exorcism I would have thought that Daniel Stamm would have been one of the big names on a short list to be horror’s next thing. However, sometimes that’s not how the industry works. It wasn’t until I was doing research for the latest episode of Hulu and Blumhouse’s Into the Dark series of films, Down, that his name popped up again. Looking through his IMDB credits shows that he’s been busy over the last few years working in a lot of horror television (something that I don’t nearly keep up with enough, truthfully) and so it’s somewhat fitting that Down would end up being the next film for him. Like most of the Into the Dark series, Down is incredibly fun and effective little low budget film. It maximizes its minimalist settings, plays on the viewers assumptions with some clever key moments, and keeps an impressive pacing as it goes. Once again, Stamm showcases he is quite the fantastic modern horror director and Down is just further evidence of such.
Like many of the previous Into the Dark entries, there is a sense that Down is trying to be clever and execute its story on a tight budget. Two people, a man and a woman, are leaving work late right before Valentine’s Day and their elevator gets stuck leaving them trapped for a possibly long weekend. The limited setting, the miniscule cast, and the initial set up all spell out a great way to produce a tense and claustrophobic situation on a small budget. Stamm and company execute it well too. He maximizes the atmosphere of the elevator, relies heavily on character interplay, and when the film starts to derail in the second half (moving out of the elevator for a portion of the third act too) he maintains the increasing pace of shock and pop to deliver on the thrills.
To make things even better, Stamm and company really take the time to develop the two characters. Almost for the entire first half, Down doesn’t feel like it’s going to be a horror film. It spends a great deal of time building the characters and their chemistry as they find themselves getting closer and more intimate with one another as they wait for rescue. In fact, it almost made the experience tenser. The audience knows that shit will eventually hit the fan and I spent a ton of this time desperately looking for clues to see where the film was going to go. Even though the characters may not showcase that tension, it’s there and it might be the best magic trick that Down has to offer. We know things will go badly, but the characters act calm and thoughtful for most of the first half of the film.
Once it’s revealed where Down is going with its narrative, Stamm gets to play more with the visuals in fun ways. Some great performances in the first half and the chemistry between the characters pays off in dividends as the film progresses and starts to unravel into horror territory. The film moves out of the elevator and into some pretty fun sequences, including adding in a few other characters as the terror seeps from the elevator and out into the ‘real’ world. Down then takes some fun twists and turns as it maneuvers into the third act, never losing its pacing and ratcheting up the dark humor as it goes.
The various films that have been included in Hulu and Blumhouse’s have been shockingly solid thus far and Down is another one to add to that list. Stamm continues to prove that he’s an underutilized talent in the horror film industry, this film features some great performances, and there’s a great balance between the drama, horror, and dark humor in the narrative. Although it might not quite top The Body in terms of the series, it’s damn close. All in all though, Down gets a hefty recommendation for fans of the series and those looking for a fun low budget romp.
Posted by DarkReif at 7:04 PM
Labels: Blumhouse, Comedy, Daniel Stamm, Horror, Hulu, Into the Dark, Suspense / Thriller
Furie (2019)
Hammered in the Neck: Hammer's Dracula Franchise P...
The Wandering Earth (2019)
Happy Death Day 2U (2019)
Willie Dynamite (1974)
Waterworld (1995)
The Prodigal Boxer II (1976)
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Posted on February 19, 2016 February 25, 2016 by Terry Mullins
Featured Interview – Billy Branch
Hello, my name is Little Mack Simmons. I’m the world’s greatest harmonica player. I challenge anyone that can beat me to come down to the Green Bunny Lounge and if they can beat me, I will pay them $500.
– Radio advertisement that ran on Chicago’s WVON (1690 AM) radio station back in 1975
When it came to harmonica-fueled head-cutting on the bandstand back in the mid-70s, Little Mack Simmons was Chicago’s self-proclaimed ‘king of all kings.’
Simmons’ reputation certainly preceded him, and as evidenced by the above commercial that plastered the Windy City airwaves, the man did not lack for self-confidence.
Billy Branch, now a legendary harmonica blower and Chicago bluesman in his own right – but back then just an unheralded up-and-comer – remembers hearing those ads and being called into action by his friends.
“I heard that commercial and I asked some of my buddies if I should go down there. They was like, ‘Yeah, man!’ So it was my friends that urged me to go, because I wasn’t sure that I really wanted to. So the story is, that I won the contest (that night), but Mack was the judge!” laughed Branch. “This was a popular club back then and the place was packed – probably three hundred or so people in there. Well, as soon as I finished playing, people started yelling, ‘Give him the money!’ But then Mack runs out and says that the boss says it’s closing time. That’s when the place turned into complete pandemonium, with people shoutin’ and cussin.’ It was wild, but I just stood there, it really didn’t faze me.”
Despite the ‘judge’s’ lack of acknowledgement at his victory – and despite leaving without the promised $500 stuffed in his pockets – Branch still came out on the winning side of things that night at the Green Bunny Lounge in 1975.
“Yeah, that was the day that I was ‘discovered.’ All of the Chicago blues intelligentsia were there – Jim and Amy O’Neal (Living Blues founders), Bruce Iglauer (Alligator Records founder) and Dick Shurman (noted producer), along with other various members of the media and record companies, as well as a lot of the old-timers (Chicago blues musicians). I say old-timers, but they were probably in their 40s then. But when you’re in your 20s, that seems old,” he laughed. ” I was on the scene (back then), but I wasn’t known. I was just out of college and I’d go to the clubs and hang for a while and then I’d disappear for a couple of weeks. So only a handful of people really knew who I was (before his showdown with Simmons). I was also painfully shy in my youth and I think that the blues – and becoming a musician – helped me to overcome that shyness.”
Branch -who was the recipient of the 33rd Chicago Music Award’s Little Walter Foundation’s Lifetime Achievement Award – says that he was not intimidated or scared by the prospects of entering a bandstand battle with Simmons, but still, he had to be coerced into going.
“That’s right. I had to be talked into going by my friends … I almost didn’t go. That just shows you how fate is. If I hadn’t gone, I’m sure eventually I would have found my way into the recording studio – but immediately after that – I was in the recording studio,” he said.
Fans that had been salivating and anxiously awaiting a brand-new Billy Branch and The Sons of the Blues disc were finally rewarded for their patience with last year’s excellent Blues Shock (Blind Pig Records). Looking back now, it’s hard to believe that a full decade passed between Don’t Mess With The Bluesmen (2004) and Blues Shock. Branch certainly kept busy – way busy, as a matter of fact – during the time between albums with his name emblazoned on the cover, but why the long wait?
“The only reason that I was able to come up with that somewhat made sense was, that I was just going through a period of knowing what I didn’t want to do, but was not sure exactly what it was that I did want to do,” he said. “I had multiple recording offers over the years, but I just didn’t … I don’t know … sometimes as an artist, you just go through those periods, you know?”
Inspiration seems to move in mysterious ways for artists, which can ultimately turn into a stumbling block when it comes time to bring a new work of art to the light of day. But the way that Branch sees it, inspiration is sometimes not all its hyped up to be.
“My family and myself was in South Africa and the Poet Laurette of South Africa (Keorapetse Kgositsile) said that inspiration is over-rated. But sometimes you find yourself feeling that way, you know? You’re waiting for inspiration or looking for the ideal song or the ideal melody or the ideal lyric,” he said. “Sometimes, it’s just better to take a stab at it and given your ability and professionalism, you can probably come out better than expected anyway.”
Looking at it from the outside in, it sure seems that Blues Shock is one of Branch’s more personal albums. And although a song title like “Song For My Mother” suggests that it belongs to the author alone, Branch insists that’s not the case and sees it as more of a universal ownership of the cut.
“Yeah, “Song For My Mother,” which is an instrumental, has universal appeal to everyone; especially to those of us that have lost our mothers,” he said. “That was just a piece that we came up with and the title came later, but it seemed appropriate.”
While also steeped in personal recollections, “Going To See Miss Geri One More Time” is more of a historical account about an undervalued – but essentially important – member of the Windy City’s rich and storied musical culture.
“That song was based on a personal experience, but it also is a historical narrative and a tribute to someone (Miss Geri Oliver, who owned the iconic Palm Tavern for over 50 years) I felt got short-changed, given the fact that her legacy was not treated with more reverence and respect. That was my humble way of acknowledging a woman who is a very revered figure on Chicago’s south side,” he said. “That was a very difficult song to write and I say that it’s the best song, lyrically, that I’ve ever written – and perhaps also one of the most challenging. I had to make sure it was factually and historically accurate. I also had some challenges like rhyming this list of luminaries (like Miles Davis, Joe Louis, Frank Sinatra, to name a few of the mentioned in the song). I had Chicago’s’ foremost African American historian, Dr. Timuel Black, who is also a friend of Miss Geri Oliver’s, make sure I had historically accurate information. Miss Geri is about 95 years old and Dr. Black is maybe a year or two younger than her.”
It’s not easy to pigeon-hole Branch’s music into just one category, because it has a lot going on, featuring a number of twists and turns (sometimes even within the same song) that keep it from being predictable. That being said, there’s no doubt that the traditional Chicago blues is the chewy center of Branch’s music. Considering who helped to mentor his approach to playing the harmonica, that should be no surprise.
“Coming up when I did and immersing myself in the scene back then – learning from guys like Big Walter and Carey Bell and Junior Wells and James Cotton – I never thought of myself as practicing, but I really was. I made sure every moment that I got, I was in these clubs, some of which might be described as ‘bucket of blood clubs.’ But I never gave that a second thought; I was just drawn to the music and to the guys that played it,” he said. “I think by having the association and learning from such great players and having the chance to play with guys like Louis Myers and Dave Myers and Fred Below – Little Walter’s band – I was able to have the ability to play at a high level.”
As stated before, the Chicago blues is not where Branch’s music ends; it’s merely it’s springboard.
“Even though I was learning the style of these masters, I was still in the process of developing my own style. Most real musicians – even though they may be known for one style or genre – they listen to everything … to a variety of different things,” he said. “Personally, I listen to every type of music. If I’m in a meditative mood or want to read, I’ll put on some classical music. And when I came up in my teenage years, I was listening to what everybody else was listening to. Stuff like Motown and to The Beatles and The Stones and Hendrix … the whole gamut. I think ultimately, my style is a result of all those influences, as well as the traditional Chicago blues. It’s not really a conscious thing; it just develops once you reach a certain stage or level with your playing.”
Branch has been nominated for Best Instrumentalist – Harmonica, at this year’s Blues Music Awards (BMAs). That should certainly come to no great shock or surprise to the legion of Branch fans all across the globe. He’s also been nominated for three Grammy Awards over the course of his career and Branch tends to view such awards and accolades with a bit of a cautious eye.
“I’ve been nominated for three Grammy awards and that does look good on your resume. But the truth is, a lot of times, these awards are so politically-charged, so you take them with a grain of salt,” he said. “And that’s whether you win or whether you lose. A few years back, the (Grammy nominated) Chicago Blues: A Living History (Raisin’ Music) – not just because I’m on it – was really Grammy-worthy. Not to take anything away from anybody, but when we got beat out, it was by a country-folk singer. We were all at the Grammys (ceremonies) and we were all like, ‘What?’ So a lot of times, the process is flawed, for lack of a better term. Don’t get me wrong – I’m not trying to express myself as a sore loser – it’s just that so many times you see these awards given and you realize that there are people that have been doing this for four, five and six decades that have not really been afforded that honor or that accolade.”
He then takes things a step further with another Grammy-related observance.
“When we were up for the Grammy for Chicago Blues: A Living History, we were there and watched the show – you know, all the big stars. The most spectacular thing that night was when one of these young stars was performing on a trapeze with all the pyrotechnics,” he said. “And we sat there and watched that and we all agreed that a good blues band would blow practically every act there that night right off the stage. A decent blues band would have smoked that place. I mean, everyone relates to the blues … it’s universal.”
He knows of what he speaks, since Branch served two consecutive terms on the Grammy Board of Governors and also founded the Grammy Blues Committee.
Maybe one of Branch’s most passionate endeavors over the past four decades has been his association with the Blues in the Schools program. He was one of the first performers to step on board that long-running project and was in fact the very first artist to involve his whole band in the process. He has mentored more young musicians than he could ever count and it’s hard to tell just where and when they will turn up.
“I played on Demetria Taylor’s – who is one of Eddie Taylor’s daughters – album on Delmark (Bad Girl). Well, I walk into the studio (for the session) and she says, ‘Who am I?’ I said, ‘I guess you must be Demetria.’ She said, ‘OK. When did you first meet me?’ I say, ‘I don’t know.’ She goes, ‘It was when you came to my school doing Blues in the Schools and I was in fourth grade.’ So that’s how long I’ve been doing that. The summer before last, I ran into three students – on three separate occasions – from my very first residency back in 1978. Each one of them told me they still listen to the blues and a couple of them said they still had their harmonica (from the classes). I’ve even had a handful of students that have went on to have professional careers; some of them bigger than what I’ve had,” he laughed.
Majoring in political science in college, Branch had thoughts at becoming a lawyer for his primary vocation. Luckily for blues fans, he instead decided to focus on blowing the harp on the bandstand, instead of focusing on arguing cases in front of a jury stand.
“Well, by all accounts, my wife and friends say I would have been a good one (lawyer). I’m sure it’s nice to have a big, hefty payday, because lawyers generally don’t do too bad,” laughed Branch. “But then again, they may not have as much as us bluesmen do. That’s why they call it playing (music). They ask where you’re going and you say, ‘I’m going to play.'”
Playing is just what Branch does today – and it’s what he has done for decades now. He’s played with everyone who is anyone and has played on well over 150 recordings (heck, probably a lot more than that). Over the course of those years and all those albums, a couple of things that Branch has never failed to do is to be himself and to fit into whatever surroundings he’s in.
“I just love recording in the studio and doing session work. I’m real relaxed when it comes to that. Part of my style and my musical approach is to be able to adapt to all musical situations,” he said. “Recently, I’ve been doing a lot of collaborative work with African groups, like Tinariwen … I play with them when they come to Chicago. And I’ve worked with a group called El Tri, who are like the Mexican Rolling Stones. They had me on their 40th anniversary concert as a special guest in Los Angeles back five or six years ago. And I’ve done work with (Malian artist) Vieux Farka Toure. I love being in different musical environments.”
Being able to fit seamlessly into all those ‘different musical environments’ has as much to do with the way that Branch approaches his instrument as it does with his willingness to step outside his normal comfort zone.
“A lot of guys learn how to solo on the harmonica fairly well. But for me, when I was developing my style, I learned how to compliment and augment the person that I’m accompaning, as well. When my band is playing, normally I’m playing throughout the entire song. I’m not just sitting out until my solo comes,” he said. “I’m always creatively trying to think like a rhythm guitarist, but I’m playing rhythmic harp. Or I’m hearing horn lines or hearing strings and I’m using that to enhance the music. The key to being a good session man is to be able to enhance what the artist that you’re recording with is doing. The challenge, then, in a solo is to play something consistent with the mood of the song. That’s something that I’ve become fairly adept at.”
The old saying ‘time flies when you’re having fun’ seems to be apropos in Branch’s case. He’s gone from playing the role of up-and-coming savior of the blues back in the late 1970s to now being rightfully recognized as one of the last of his generation carrying on the traditions and ways of some of the cats that he played with and learned from back in the day.
“Recently, I was playing at this club called Fitzgerald’s in Berwyn (a suburb of Chicago) and this photographer – who had shot pictures of me before – came to the show and he presented me with some very nostalgic photos from over 30 years ago. There was photos of me playing with Carey Bell and pictures of when I played with Son Seals in the Cook County jail,” Branch said. “We were reflecting about all the great guys that we were privileged to have been around and had been befriended by and associated with. And you know, they’re all but gone. When I first came on the scene, there were hundreds of musicians. I mean, you can still hear blues seven nights a week in Chicago, but not like you could back then. There was just so many more places back in the day to play and there were just so many great, great musicians.”
Branch may not have had some kind of grand scheme on how to further along the cause of the blues when he founded the Sons of the Blues, but that’s just what he’s done some four-plus decades after the fact. Part of that is because for many years now, the music has flowed through his veins with great purpose. Another part of that is because he understands the major – and historical – impact that blues music has had on society over the decades since it was first played and first heard.
“I don’t know that when I entered the fray that I was on any kind of mission, other than to just play this instrument the best that I could,” he said. “And then subsequently, I respected the men and woman that were so good at this and I came to understand the value of the blues and its role in the world. It’s bigger than just the United States, you know? I always say it’s the most powerful music on the planet, it just transcends so many barriers and so many categories. Embarking on a role as an educator with Blues in the Schools for all these decades, I’ve been acutely aware of how important it is to disseminate this information to these young minds, with the hope that they’ll spread it their children or to their friends. It’s important that we remember where this music came from. It did come from hard times and from struggles and it was the soundtrack of the Jim Crow era. It was the soundtrack of the post-slavery era. It has a lot of historical significance and we should never forget that.”
Visit Billy’s website at www.billybranch.com
Photos by Bob Kieser © 2016 Blues Blast Magazine.
CategoriesInterviews TagsAlligator Records, Big Walter, billy branch, Blind Pig Records, Bruce Iglauer, Carey Bell, Dave Myers, Delmark records, Demetria Taylor, Dick Shurman, Eddie Taylor, Fred Below, Green Bunny Lounge, James Cotton, Jim O'Neal, Junior Wells, Keorapetse Kgositsile, Little Mack Simmons, Louis Myers, Miss Geri Oliver, Palm Tavern, Sond of the Blues, Terry Mullins, Timuel Black, Tinariwen, Vieux Farka Toure
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Data Privacy is a fundamental principle within a modern society. Data privacy is not - unlike the term may first suggest - all about data, but about the people, of whom information (data) is processed. Data privacy is a fundamental right, which refers to the protection of the personal rights of natural, living people. Every person should have the opportunity to decide, who gets which information about him on which occasion (informational self-determination).
BMW India Private Limited and BMW India Financial Services Private Limited (“BMW Group India”) has created this Policy to demonstrate its commitment towards the Information Technology (Reasonable Security Practices and Procedures and Sensitive Personal Data or Information), Rules, 2011 (“Rules”) and also towards the BMW’s global policy for data privacy and protection.
BMW Group India recognizes the importance of "Personal Information" including "Sensitive Personal Information" provided by natural persons, under lawful contract. BMW Group India intends to take reasonable measures to keep such information confidential and may share it with its affiliates and third parties under appropriate arrangements and under the applicable laws and policies.
2. Definition
2.1 "Personal Data" means any information concerning the personal or material circumstances of an identified or identifiable individual, e.g. name, address, bank details etc. It can be with reference to employees, customers, suppliers, shareholders, etc.
A person is considered to be identifiable if they can be identified directly or indirectly.
2.2 Employees are identified or identifiable persons, who are employed by respective BMW Group India Companies including partners associated with.
2.3 "Customers" are identified or identifiable natural persons, who show BMW Group India that they have an obvious interest in concluding a contract for the purpose of acquiring a product or a service or, as the case may be, that they are the recipient of a product or service provided by BMW Group India.
2.4 "Processing" is any operation or set of connected operations performed using the Personal Data, whether with or without the help of automatic means. This includes collection, recording, organisation, storage, adaptation or alteration, retrieval, consultation, use, disclosure by transmission, dissemination or otherwise making available, alignment or combination, blocking, erasure or destruction.
2.5 "Rendering Anonymous" means the alteration of Personal Data so that the details about personal or material circumstances can no longer be matched to an identified or identifiable natural person or could be so matched only by expending a disproportionate amount of time, expense and effort.
2.6 “Pseudonymising” means replacing identifying features by a code in order to make identification of the Data Subject impossible or considerably more difficult.
2.7 "Sensitive Personal Data", for the purposes of this Policy, refers to such personal information about a natural person, which consists of information relating to:
a) Password;
b) Financial information such as Bank account or credit card or debit card or other payment instrument details;
c) Physical, physiological and mental health condition;
d) Sexual orientation;
e) Medical records and history;
f) Biometric information;
g) Any detail relating to the above clauses as provided to us for providing services; and
h) Any of the information received under any of the above clauses by us for processing, storing or processing under lawful contract or otherwise.
Any information that is freely available or accessible in public domain or furnished under the Right to Information Act, 2005 or any other law for the time being in force shall not be regarded as Sensitive Personal Information for the purposes of this Policy.
2.8 "Provider” for the purpose of this Policy, refers to a natural person or individual who, provides Personal Information or Sensitive Personal data or information, directly under lawful contract to BMW Group India.
3. Purpose and usage
Provider’s Personal Information/ Sensitive Personal Data is collected and used /processed for lawful, legitimate, contractual and administrative purposes of BMW Group India.
Generally the Personal Information/Sensitive Personal Data collected pertains to the Provider that may be used for the purposes such as administration and facilitation of relationship with customers, employees, suppliers etc. for internal operational purposes, for marketing surveys and customer research and feedback, warranty services, to update with information about BMW Group India and the products and services, to provide information about special offers, from time to time and to satisfy the legal and regulatory obligations.
The Personal Information/Sensitive Personal Data collected pertaining to the staff/employee may be used for human resource management, technology support/updates, management planning, administration and management of the internal processes, services and operations to enable it to perform BMW Group India’s proper functions and to satisfy the legal and regulatory obligations.
The Personal Information/Sensitive Personal Data (as per Rules) can be collected /or retained either directly by BMW Group India or through an affiliate or third party, as per the procedure prescribed by Rules.
4. Disclosure to Third Parties
The Personal Information/Sensitive Personal Data collected would only be used, processed and/or shared within the affiliates and/or group companies, authorized BMW and MINI dealers and other authorized business partners.
BMW Group India would not disclose any Personal Information/Sensitive Personal Data to any external organization unless it has the consent of the provider, or are required by law or have previously informed the Provider.
Notwithstanding anything in Article 4 to the contrary, if BMW Group India is, in the opinion that it is required by applicable law or government authority, to disclose any Personal Information/Sensitive Personal Data to any Person, then it may disclose such information only to the extent so required.
5. Security practices and procedures
BMW Group India has in place a security system, to ensure that the personal information is protected from unauthorised access, use, disclosure or alteration by anyone including the employees of BMW Group India.
BMW Group India undertakes a number of security measures to maintain the safety of the Provider’s personal information, which includes the use of: physical secure data centres and premises; internal security policies and procedures; defined internal segregation of duties; and electronic access controls such as passwords and encryption technology. Our Information Security Management System follows international standard ISO 27001.
Security Practices:
- Data economy – Access to personal data is granted only to personnel on need to know basis. Redundant data may not be stored and personal data from concerned Department shall not be exported to other applications unless absolutely necessary. Where it is not necessary to know the identity of the Data Subject there the personal data shall be processed in pseudonymised form or a form that has been rendered anonymous.
- Purpose Limitation – Data collected for a particular purpose shall be used for that purpose only and shall not be used for any other purpose without the consent of the Data Subject or other legal permission.
- Deleting/Archiving Data - Once the purpose of the processing of Personal Data is fulfilled then such Data must immediately be deleted or, as the case may be, access thereto blocked in compliance with the obligations to retain records prescribed by law or agreed within the BMW Group India. This obligation to delete data does not apply to data that has been rendered anonymous. In exceptional cases where required such information shall be dealt with on case to case basis of the concerned Department and as per applicable laws.
6. No Obligation to provide personal information
The Provider is under no obligation to provide any personal information requested by BMW Group India and a Provider can withhold any personal information as he/she may choose, but in such a case BMW Group India may not be able to provide all products and services as this will depend on the kind of information withheld.
The Provider can opt-out at any time online by accessing the unsubscribe form. A minimum period of ten business days is required to process the requests.
The Provider may review the Personal Information/Sensitive Personal Data provided to BMW Group India for the purpose of ensuring that the said information is accurate. BMW Group India shall not be responsible for the authenticity of the information supplied to BMW Group India or to any person acting on behalf of BMW Group India.
BMW Group India strives to maintain the Provider’s personal information on the records as accurately and updated as reasonably possible. On request, the details on record, the purpose for which it is used, and to whom has it been disclosed can be provided. Access to personal information in the possession of BMW Group India shall be subject to certain exceptions and reasonable costs.
If the personal information that an entity of BMW Group India hold about the Provider is incorrect or changed then the Provider can notify the respective entity of BMW Group India of such changes. Additionally any discrepancy or grievance of the Provider of information with regard to processing of information can be addressed to the following contact (Grievance Officer) as below:
BMW India Private Limited
dataprotection@bmw.in
datasafety@mini.in
BMW India Financial Services Private Limited:
Mr. Vikas Arora
Compliance.FinancialServicesIndia@bmw.in
BMW Group India reserves the right to modify, cancel, add, or amend this Policy.
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Recent Team History
GMFRS Bolton Central
NWAS Ladybridge Hall
Ladybridge Hall – finished!
Team Officers
Continued Support from Diane Naylor
Back in May 2012, Bolton Mountain Rescue Team was called to an incident involving a boy who had sustained a fractured ankle in an accident in a field at Mosley Common. Ever since that incident, the boy’s grandmother, Mrs Diane Naylor, has been remembering the assistance we gave by sending a festive donation to us.
Earlier this December, we were very grateful to receive a donation of £100 with the accompanying comment “Merry Christmas to you all! Just to say thank you once again for “Rico’s rescue” in Mosley Common.” We would like to express our sincere thanks to Diane and Rico and wish them and their family Best Wishes for the New Year.
By Gillian Gregory • Donations
Festive Donations from Stoneclough ResidentsFestive Wishes from Deborah & John Garlick
Visit to The Rivington
Visit to Over-50s Friendship Group
Store Collection at ASDA Farnworth
Half Year Figures for Collection Boxes
Attendance at Darwen 999 Day
Incident 26-2018 – body recovery from Horrocks Moor
At 15:46 on Sunday 13th May we were contacted by North West Ambulance Service with the request to assist in the recovery …Read More »
Incident 9/2018 – mountain biker at Tockholes Plantations
At 14:32 on Sunday 25th March the team was called to assist North West Ambulance Service and the North West Air Ambulance Charity at …Read More »
Incident 70/2017 – request from Greater Manchester Police
At 08:04 this morning the team was contacted by a search manager from Greater Manchester Police who was requesting the …Read More »
Bolton MRT on Twitter
Bolton MRT
@BoltonMRT
Here’s an insight to the activities of Bolton Mountain Rescue Team in 2020. #BoltonMRT #MountainRescueEnglandandWales #Charity #Volunteers #Support pic.twitter.com/2lYOl2A2ho
17:08 · 5th January 2021
Three rescues on the first day of 2021, working alongside crews from @NWAmb_HART @NWAmb_GMControl @NWAmbulance - further details at m.facebook.com/story.php?stor… pic.twitter.com/PcfvlKN4ZK
19:17 · 1st January 2021
Happy New Year 🥳 A massive thank you to everyone who has supported us this year! #BoltonMRT #Charity #Volunteers #HappyNewYear #ThankYou pic.twitter.com/g2lQXZmxY4
pic.twitter.com/Ipx3dISfTs
08:48 · 25th December 2020
Don’t forget.... #BoltonMRT #Volunteers #365daysayear #BeSafe pic.twitter.com/5e6RFi8ugD
16:43 · 23rd December 2020
@mattmoore999
This is my friend Chad. Chad is a bloody good Paramedic Yesterday he succumbed to COVID after a long battle COVID is real & is killing. Please for all our sakes stay at home DO NOT TRAVEL. Your Christmas gathering may well take another life it’s not worth it WEAR A BLOODY MASK! pic.twitter.com/0INgGLVMRO
08:54 · 22nd December 2020 ·
Retweeted by Bolton MRT
Multi agency search for missing woman in Rivington Terraced Gardens alongside @LancsPolice @BPMRT @RivingtonTG @unitedutilities @MRSearchDogsEng @ChorleyPolice @NPASNorthWest and @NWAmbulance - good outcome and excellent teamwork with more info at m.facebook.com/story.php?stor… #Team999 pic.twitter.com/QVjlzOtbQC
09:18 · 29th November 2020
Tomorrow is one of the busiest shopping days of the year If you are buying anything from Amazon then don’t forget Amazon Smile. Just click the link below & nominate Bolton Mountain Rescue as your chosen charity lght.ly/64mohnc #BoltonMRT #Charity #Volunteers #AmazonSmile pic.twitter.com/f1j6BNKSQ8
Here's a great way to support Bolton Mountain Rescue Team at no cost to you! If you make your Amazon purchases at Amazon Smile (it's exactly the same store). Click the link 👇🏼 and select us as your charity lght.ly/m4ehff #BoltonMRT #Charity #Volunteers #AmazonSmile pic.twitter.com/GiA5c0cvXO
20:58 · 20th November 2020 ·
Follow @BoltonMRT
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© Bolton Mountain Rescue Team 2019.
Registered Charity Number 517454.
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Karen Abbott biography
Karen Abbott is the New York Times bestselling author of Sin in the Second City, American Rose, and, most recently, Liar, Temptress, Soldier, Spy, named one of the best books of 2014 by Library Journal, the Christian Science Monitor, and Amazon. She has written for newyorker.com, the Wall Street Journal, the Washington Post, Smithsonian Magazine, Salon and other publications. Her next book, The Ghosts of Eden Park, will be published by Crown on August 6.
Karen Abbott's website
Books by Karen Abbott at BookBrowse
All the books below are recommended as readalikes for Karen Abbott but some maybe more relevant to you than others depending on which books by the author you have read and enjoyed. So look for the suggested read-alikes by title linked on the right.
Jodi Lynn Anderson
Jodi Lynn Anderson is the New York Times bestselling author of Peaches, Tiger Lily, and the popular May Bird trilogy. She lives in Asheville, N.C., with her husband, her son, and an endless parade of stray pets. (more)
Midnight at the Electric
by Jodi Lynn Anderson
Sarah Bird
Sarah is the author of nine novels. The ninth, Above the East China Sea, was published in 2014. Sarah has been selected for the Barnes & Noble Discover Great Writers series; a Dobie-Paisano Fellowship; New York Public Library... (more)
Daughter of a Daughter of a Queen
by Sarah Bird
We recommend 10 similar authors
View all 10 Readalikes
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CalEXPLORnia
History and Mystery
Star Wars in California
Home/History and Mystery/Fallen Leaf Lake: How this Sierra Mountain Lake got its name
Desolation WildernessHistory and MysteryLake TahoeLakesNative AmericanSierra Nevada
Fallen Leaf Lake: How this Sierra Mountain Lake got its name
Rick Follow on Twitter Send an email October 31, 2020
98 18 minutes read
(Last Updated On: November 6, 2020)
Fallen Leaf Lake is often referred to as the sister lake to the region’s most prominent landmark – Lake Tahoe. Although overshadowed by Tahoe’s magnificence, Fallen Leaf Lake also offers plenty of history, adventures, beauty and mystery.
Fallen Leaf was formed by a glacier that stopped short of converging onto Lake Tahoe. A terminal moraine is noticeable at the north end of the lake, which is the closest side to Tahoe. If the glacier would’ve continued onwards, then Fallen Leaf Lake would’ve turned into a bay like nearby Emerald Bay.
Instead, we have a picturesque oval shaped lake that’s roughly 2.9 miles long, 400 feet at deepest point, and snuggly positioned below Desolation Wilderness and Mt. Tallac.
The lake offers plenty of recreational activities with camping, hiking, and fishing. It’s also a launching pad to other nearby points of interests and adventures like the Glen Alpine Trail, the historic Glen Alpine Springs Resort, the charming St. Francis of the Mountains chapel, and the nearby Angora Lakes.
In addition to all of the wonderful recreational activities and historic landmarks, Fallen Leaf Lake is also known for a few mysteries that are still studied and debated by visitors, scholars and historians to this very day. One of these mysteries is the origin of the lake’s name.
How did this lake get the name Fallen Leaf?
Over 175 years after John C. Fremont “discovered” the Lake Tahoe region, scholars and locals are still debating the origin of the lake’s name.
Through historical accounts and resources, we can piece together two prominent theories as to why the lake was named Fallen Leaf.
The First Mentioning of the Name
In Barbara Laekisch’s book Tahoe Place Names: The Origin and History of Names in the Lake Tahoe Basin, the earliest known documentation of the name “Fallen Leaf” was in 1863 by William H. Brewer who was a member of Josiah Whitney’s team that made the first geological survey of California in 1860.
Brewer would end up spending four years exploring and surveying California. His notes and journal have been published into books, which provide incredible details about the state in the 1860s.
In his Field Notes, dated August 20, 1863, Brewer made the following comments about the lake: “Climbed Pyramid Peak…. Several pretty little lakes near the ‘Fallen Leaf’ lake, 1 ½ – 2 m. long, deep blue, towards summit of Pass.”
Some historians speculate that Brewer or a member of his surveying team could’ve named the lake.
Nathan Gilmore, the First Settler of this Region
Nathan Gilmore
Nathan Gilmore is credited with first discovering and settling the Fallen Leaf Lake region of Tahoe by 1863. This was most likely prior to Brewer’s arrival in Tahoe as Gilmore discovered the mineral springs by this year. However, we don’t know how Gilmore discovered the springs or why he even came to this region in the first place.
Gilmore is also credited with naming several locations, peaks and lakes in this area. He brought with him Angora sheep to graze near his land in Tahoe, which is how Angora Peak, Angora Lake and Angora Ridge got their names.
Additionally, Gilmore is said to have come up with the names Glen Alpine, Modjeska Falls, Lily Lake and Susie Lake.
It’s entirely possible that Gilmore could’ve also named Fallen Leaf Lake as he did settle a mile or two above the lake where he built his famed resort. Historical remnants of this resort still exist today.
The Native American Legend of Doolagoga
The first documentation of the legend of Doolagoga came in the 1915 book by George Wharton James titled The Lake of the Sky, Lake Tahoe, in the High Sierras of California and Nevada. It’s more commonly referred to as “The Lake of the Sky.”
James was told the legend of Doolagoga by Mrs. W. W. Price who, along with her husband, ran the Fallen Leaf Lodge among other business ventures and were early pioneers of this region after Nathan Gilmore.
Mrs. Price was well known for her affinity of the Washoe Tribe and apparently accumulated many authentic items along with her fascination of their legends passed down through generations. She befriended several local members of the Washoe Tribe who shared with her many of these legends.
One such legend was Doolagoga, which is the origin story for Lake Tahoe, Fallen Leaf and other nearby lakes. James stated that this legend was one handed down by the Washoe Tribe, but that he couldn’t vouch for it.
The “legend of Doolagoga” is about a “good Indian” who was being “annoyed by the Evil Spirit.” No matter what the good Indian did, the Evil Spirit was always there to interfere with his efforts. So, a “Good Spirit came to his aid,” by giving him a magical leafy branch.
The Good Spirit instructed the Indian to drop a bit of the branch whenever he saw the Evil Spirit and water would “immediately spring up.” The Evil Spirit could not cross the water and would have to go around the long way, which would give the Indian time to escape.
The first time encountering the Evil Spirit, after receiving the branch, the Indian was so frightened that he dropped a big piece of the branch and Tahoe was formed. However, all that was left was a little twig and a leaf.
The next time the Evil Spirit came, the Indian was once again overcome by fear. But, this time, he only dropped the leaf on the ground.
“Plucking the leaf, he threw it down and watched it fall waveringly through the air. As it touched earth the waters again began to rise and “Doolagoga” – Fallen Leaf – sprang into being and on its surface floated the little leaf, as many leaves now float in the fall of the year.”
Who Was George Wharton James?
James was born in Lincolnshire, England, and came to the United States in 1881. He eventually made his way to California shortly after where he served in parishes as an ordained minister for the Methodist Church.
After personal issues derailed his spiritual duties, James embarked on new endeavors which included becoming a lecturer, journalist, author of over 20 books, and photographer.
In addition to The Lake of the Sky, James had other books that were well received like: In and Out of the Old Missions of California (1905), The Wonders of the Colorado Desert (1906), and Through Ramona’s Country (1909).
Wherever he lived, James took a profound interest in regional history and folklore. When he made his way up to Northern California and the Tahoe region, James became enamored with the legends of this area.
His works can be found in museums and libraries both in California and New Mexico. James died in 1923 in Saint Helena, Napa County. He’s buried in the Mountain View Cemetery and Mausoleum in Altadena, Los Angeles County.
1918 Overland Monthly Vol. LXXI-Second Series
A 1918 Publication Also Shares this Legend
An article printed in the 1918 Overland Monthly Vol. LXXI-Second Series (January-June 1918), retold the story of Doolagoga. Erich Brandeis, author of the article Indian legends for Profit, confirmed that this story was from a local Washoe named Susie who shared this legend with her friend Mrs. Price.
Susie was one of the finest basket makers at the time and also went around the Tahoe region sharing old legends with tourists.
The article’s account of Doolagoga was almost word for word the same as what George Wharton James published three years prior. It’s safe to assume that Susie also told Mrs. Price this legend years ago.
Hanna Confirms the Legend in the late 1940s
Phil Townsend Hanna was an accomplished writer, author and editor. Some of the notable places he worked at were the Los Angeles Tribune and the Los Angeles Times. He also published several books.
In 1946 and 1951, Hanna published works titled “The dictionary of California land names.” In his 1946 publication, Hanna shared the tale of Doolagoga, which he credits as the Native American origin for the name Fallen Leaf.
According to Hanna, the legend of Doolagoga is as follows:
“According to Indian legend, the lake was formed and named when a good Indian, harassed by the Evil Spirit, tried to escape to the safe valleys of California.
The Good Spirit gave the Indian a leafy branch. If the Evil Spirit approached, the Indian was to drop a bit of the branch, water would spring up and the Evil One could not cross it.
The Indian started out, dropped almost the whole branch in terror when he saw the Evil One following him, and Tahoe was formed.
Then later he had only a twig left with one leaf on it, and the Evil One still pursued him, so he dropped the leaf and Fallen Leaf Lake, Doolagoga, sprang into being and on its surface floated the little leaf, as many leaves now float in the fall of the year. The Indian escaped.”
As you can see, even 30 years after James first printed this legend, it remains relatively unchanged.
Newspapers Share the Legend in the Early 1950s
In 1951, the Nevada State Journal published an article on July 29th, which retold the legend of Doolagoga. However, author Mary Winn Summerfield took a few creative liberties with her account of this legend.
One example of her creative twist was in the closing of her passage on Fallen Leaf Lake:
“Doolagoga sped up the ravine, breaking the 200 meter dash record of his day and dropped bits of twigs. Lily Grass and Heather Lakes sprang up to guard his way. He was last heard of in Hollywood where he is profitably employed teaching the Indian sign to the natives.”
Nevada State Journal July 29th, 1951
Named after a Delaware Chief
Although we can’t confirm where the legend of Doolagoga originally came from, we can confirm that there actually was a Delaware Chief named Falleaf. In fact, his story is a rather remarkable one and there are direct ties to Chief Falleaf and the Tahoe region.
Chief Falleaf has been referred to by several names throughout various historical accounts. Some refer to him as Chief Fall Leaf, Pan I Pa Kuxe, or Captain Falleaf due to his time fighting for the Union Army in the Civil War.
His Native American name Pan I Pa Kuxe, which is often also written as Panipakuxe, means “he who walks when leaves fall.”
Falleaf is from the Delaware Tribe, also known as the Lenape. He was born in the early 1800s with some sources saying 1807. To understand Falleaf’s rise to prominence, we must first take a quick look at the struggles of his Delaware people.
Brief History of the Delawares
This tribe is the perfect example of America’s intentional mishandling of Native Americans during the early to mid-1800s. Officially, this tribe refers to themselves as Lenape. Loosely translated, Lenape means “The People” in their native language, which is of Algonquian descent.
However, they were given the name Delaware because they originally lived near the Delaware River. This river, bay and state were named after Baron De La Warr a British politician of the early 1600s.
When Britain, and later the Colonies, first made contact with this tribe they were living along the Delaware River in a region that’s now eastern New Jersey and lower New York including part of Long Island.
After America made their declaration of independence from Great Britain, the Delawares were the first tribe to sign a treaty with this new country in September 1778.
The treaty, known as the Treaty of Fort Pitt or the Delaware Treaty, would allow the American troops free passage through Delaware lands, the exchange of goods, the building of a fort, and for the Lenape to aid in various battles in the region.
The treaty also recognized the Lenape as a sovereign nation with the following promises:
“to guarantee to the aforesaid nation of Delawares, and their heirs, all their territorial rights in the fullest and most ample manner, as it hath been bounded by former treaties, as long as they the said Delaware nation shall abide by, and hold fast the chain of friendship now entered into.”
This treaty didn’t last long. Within a year, one of the tribe’s most popular leaders Chief White Eyes, who signed the treaty, died while serving as a lieutenant colonel in the Continental Army. Some historians believe he was murdered. His death remains a controversial mystery to this day.
By the early 1780s, the Delaware were forced from their agreed upon land after nearly 100 of them were killed by militia in Pennsylvania. Constantly being pushed west from Ohio to Indiana, Missouri and Kansas, bands of Delaware broke off.
Some fled to Canada where the Delaware Nation at Moraviantown still live to this day. Others went to Texas and became known as the Absentee Delaware.
The main group of Delaware continued to be given lands in “Indian Territory,” which ultimately saw them forced into Oklahoma by the mid-1860s.
Treaty after treaty was broken by the Government and the tribe was sent packing to another region until that land was deemed valuable and then the state and federal leaders would find another reason to push the Delaware out.
It was in Missouri where Falleaf began to rise in prominence. By time the tribe settled in Kansas in 1831, after being forced to leave Missouri, Falleaf was recognized as a chief and eventually a captain.
Chief Falleaf
Falleaf’s Early Services
Falleaf, like the more “famous” Chief Black Beaver, aided Americans in the 1830s and 1840s as they expanded westward. Falleaf was a scout, a guide and even worked with prominent fur companies as a trapper in Colorado.
It was in the early 1840s when Falleaf linked up with John C. Fremont, a lieutenant in the Army Topographical Corps, who began the first of his five expeditions of the west in 1842.
Fremont left from the Kansas River on June 15th, 1842, to begin his first exploration which included examining the Rocky Mountains and the Oregon Trail.
The Lenape had been relocated to northeast Kansas by 1831 and were living here for nearly 10 years before Fremont made his first expedition from this region.
Because Fremont was heading to the Rockies, where men from the Delaware had already spent time as trappers, it was an easy decision to bring these experienced guides with him.
It’s believed that Falleaf was one of the Lenape men employed in Fremont’s expedition team. It was also during the first expedition where Fremont met up with the famous mountain man Kit Carson.
1842-1844 Map of the West – Public Domain
Fremont’s Second Western Expedition
Due to the heralded success of his first expedition, Fremont set out for another trip to the Pacific Northwest in July 1843. He reached the Oregon and Idaho border by late-September after spending a few weeks in Utah.
By all accounts, Fremont and his men, along with Kit Carson, accomplished their mission by mid-November and were supposed to retrace their steps back to Missouri when Fremont made an impromptu decision.
Instead of heading back to Missouri, they went south and eventually made their way to the Sierra Nevada Mountains.
In an 1846 book filled with Fremont’s notes about this exploration, the western explorer wrote the following about his decision not to head back to the Rockies, but to head southward towards Sutter’s Fort instead:
“The result of our journey began to be very uncertain; the country was singularly unfavorable to travel; the grasses being frequently of a very unwholesome character, and the hoofs of our animals were so worn and cut by the rocks, that many of them were lame, and could scarcely be got along.”
Around this time, Fremont met Chief Truckee, a Paiute, and was given advice on how to cross the Sierras near present day Donner Lake.
He was told to cross before the winter snows and follow the rivers down to Sacramento Valley. Unfortunately, Fremont didn’t adhere to this advice and attempted to cross the Sierras in late-January 1844.
Facing treacherous winter conditions, Fremont and his men brazenly marched through unbelievable circumstances.
On Valentine’s Day, 1844, Fremont and Mr. Preuss ascended the highest peak and laid eyes on Lake Tahoe for which Fremont had the following words:
“We had a beautiful view of a mountain lake out our feet, about fifteen miles in length, and so entirely surrounded by mountains that we could not discover an outlet.”
On March 6th, 1844, after a long and dangerous journey, Fremont and his men made it to Sutter’s Fort where they were treated like heroes. They stayed there for a month before setting out to return to Missouri.
Fremont is credited with being the first American, Euro-Caucasian, to “discover” Lake Tahoe. At the time, he called it the Mountain Lake. In 1848, Preuss drew a map of the region and called it Lake Bonpland after the famed French botanist Amie Jacques Alexandre Bonpland.
By the 1860s, around the same time as the name Fallen Leaf, the name Tahoe was commonly used for this majestic mountain lake.
Many historians believe that Falleaf was with Fremont in this expedition.
John Calhoun Johnson and his Trail Through Tahoe
In my Bullion Bend Robbery article, I briefly discussed the Johnson Cutoff, which was a trail blazed by John Calhoun Johnson with the goal to cut off time, distance, and hardship from the Carson Trail to Old Hangtown (Placerville).
Johnson is believed to have come to California around 1844 to 1846. Soon after, he returned to the Midwest and is said to have told everyone that would listen about the beauty and opportunities in the West.
By 1848, Johnson was already back and living in California. Now, this is where things get a little tricky. Johnson is believed to have settled somewhere in present day El Dorado County anywhere from present day Placerville to Lake Tahoe.
His familiarity with the region led to Johnson becoming the first mail carrier from the new California settlements up into Western Nevada.
Some historic sources believe that Johnson set out to blaze his new trail in 1846. While other sources think it was closer to 1849 after the discovery of gold and the mass rush to California.
It’s also said that Johnson had an “Indian scout” with him by the name of Fall Leaf. It’s more than likely that this was the same member of the Delaware tribe that was with Fremont’s expedition.
It’s hard to imagine that two different Native Americans from two different tribes would have the same name and be connected to the same region.
There are a few plausible scenarios that lend to the belief that Falleaf was the same scout and guide for both Johnson and Fremont.
Falleaf could’ve picked up work with Johnson when he returned to California in 1846 to 1848.
Falleaf could’ve remained in California after Fremont’s party reached Sutter’s Fort in March 1844.
Falleaf could’ve come back with Fremont on his third expedition that reached Sutter’s Fort in December 1845. This time, Fremont was determined to claim California for America and remained in this region for the next few years. It’s documented that Delaware men aided America in wars against Mexico.
It’s entirely possible that Falleaf was here that entire time as well and linked up with Johnson when California became a state. The Johnson Cutoff was open for travel by the spring of 1852.
Either way, the Delaware Tribe officially recognizes Fallen Leaf Lake to be named after their Chief Falleaf.
From Chief to Captain Falleaf
By the 1850s, Falleaf had risen to prominence with his people and eventually became a leader of one of the Delaware bands. Falleaf was a “traditionalist” who believed in keeping with the Lenape traditions, culture and Big House religion.
Additionally, Falleaf eloquently opposed the underhanded and backstabbing tactics of influential men in the railroad and government as they continued to steal the Delaware’s land in Kansas.
Even more abhorrent was that these shady individuals were doing it while Falleaf and his men were serving in the Union Army during the Civil War. Think about that for a moment.
These Delaware men were serving the Union in the most devastating war ever held on American soil while the government, politicians and businessmen were stealing their officially agreed upon land.
Falleaf’s service in the Civil War came about due to his “friendship” with John C. Fremont along with his time spent as a scout, guide and warrior in battles prior to the big war.
In 1858, Falleaf was a guide for seven companies of soldiers that were under the command of Colonel Edwin V. Sumner. They’re task at hand was to deal with the Cheyenne.
In a letter that Falleaf wrote to the head of the Indian Affairs, Falleaf recounted his time serving the military and the promised rewards that he never received.
According to the chief, he selected six companies of Delaware men to do the work assigned to him under Colonel Sumner. They were successful in their mission:
“We whipped the Cheyennes that time and were discharged by Colonel Summer and paid off. Colonel Summer, however, in addition to the money paid me, promised that the Government should give me 160 acres of land. I have never received this land and I would be glad to have you write to me how to get it. Colonel Summer told me after we were discharged, that if at any time thereafter I should want anything, that I should call on you and you would grant it.”
The next year, Major John Sedgwick requested the help of Chief Falleaf. This time, it was to deal with the Kiowa. Falleaf and six Delawares guided three companies of soldiers against the Kiowa and successfully defeated them as well. He was promised more land for his efforts, but never received it.
In 1861, General John C. Fremont, an old acquaintance to the Delaware, requested Chief Falleaf to raise a company of Delawares under the command of Major F. Johnson to head to Springfield, Missouri, for a special mission without the Confederate Army spotting them.
Falleaf and 54 Delawares finished this mission without any warfare: “We had no fight this time, but we did all that was required of us.”
General Fremont discharged them and paid them for their work. He also promised the Chief 160 acres of land and that if he needed anything, he would have it.
Second Kansas Indian Home Guard
By the summer of 1862, orders came down to have soldiers and two companies of “armed Indians” escort thousands of Native Americans back into “Indian Territory” as the government wanted to explore further into this territory.
The First Kansas Indian Home Guard was filled with Creek and Seminole. The Second Kansas Indian Home Guard, under the command of Colonel John Ritchie, consisted of numerous different tribes. However, Falleaf was in charge of Company D which was an 86 man mounted unit.
One of the battles this unit of soldiers participated in was against the Choctaws near Fort Gibson:
“had a fight near Fort Gibson; we saw the enemy, the Choctaw Indians, the half-breed, we play ball with them, 50 we laid on the ground, 60 we took prisoners, even the Choctaw general; him I took myself alone; he was a big sesesh; 100 Union men he had killed. I brought him to the Cherokees; they killed him; they gave him no time to live.”
Some of the notable accomplishments for the First and Second Kansas Indian Home Guard were taking the town of Tahlequah and capturing Fort Gibson.
Following the capture of Fort Gibson, which historians believe was the battle that Falleaf discussed in his letter, the 2nd Kansas Indian Home Guard continued under Brigadier General James G. Blunt on campaigns through Missouri and Arkansas.
According to Falleaf, he never received pay for this service despite nearly five months of work and using their own horses.
Many of Falleaf’s men would go on to serve in the Sixth and Fourteenth Kansas Cavalry throughout 1863 for various Civil War related missions and battles. Falleaf returned as a scout and aided in battles against the Cheyenne and Arapaho.
From this point forward, now referred to as Captain Falleaf, the Lenape leader put his focus toward trying to keep the lands that were given to his tribe when forced to move to Kansas. Unfortunately, these efforts proved futile.
The Final Years of Falleaf’s Life
Following the Civil War, the government continued to break promises and treaties as they stole Delaware lands in Kansas due to how bountiful they were and to build a railroad through them.
Eventually, the government inflicted such harshness on the Delaware people that it prompted Chief Falleaf to beg for mercy:
“We do honest want to have it done. Because since 4 years we have lost what little was left then. And crop fail, and every Article of the kind we need is very high in price. We wish our Great Father should be kind give such as is need Now. Even no seed to plant. We should like to have it done right off. For God sake. And Remember the treatys, we hope Government should listen our suffering nation.”
Falleaf and his people were forced to move to Cherokee lands in Oklahoma where they spent the next century fighting for their federally recognized sovereignty. A status that was given and taken away from them just like their lands.
Falleaf died in 1880 and is buried at the Busby Cemetery in Copan, Washington County, Oklahoma. He’s well regarded by the Delaware tribe and historians for his pursuit of justice for his people, his assistance in westward explorations, and his patronage in serving the United States in many wars and battles.
The town of Fall Leaf, Kansas is named after this great Lenape leader.
Fallen Leaf Lake
Is it Doolagoga or Chief Falleaf?
There might be other origin stories for Fallen Leaf Lake that have been lost in time, but the two discussed in this article are the ones that have survived history and have become accepted by historians as the only possibilities for the name Fallen Leaf Lake.
As charming as the legend is, the fact that Falleaf was in the Tahoe Region and not only helped with guiding westward expeditions, but befriended John Fremont, tips the scales towards this lake being named after the Chief who became a Captain during the Civil War.
For more on this region of Lake Tahoe, check out the following articles:
The Underwater Forest of Fallen Leaf Lake
St. Francis of the Mountains: Fallen Leaf Lake’s historical church
The Angora Lakes: a magnificent family hike to a perfect summer destination
Angora Fire Lookout: a historic lookout with epic views
Glen Alpine Falls: one of Tahoe’s most popular waterfalls
Glen Alpine Trail: From Lilly Lake and Modjeska Falls to the Old Resort and Grass Lake
Glen Alpine Springs Resort: Tahoe’s earliest resort, filled with history and adventure
Fremont, John C. (1846), Narrative of the Exploring Expedition to the Rocky Mountains, in the Year 1842, and to Oregon and North California, in the Years 1843-44
Lekisch, Barbara (1988), Tahoe Place Names: The Origin and History of Names in the Lake Tahoe Basin
Hanna, Phil Townsend (1946), The dictionary of California land names
James, George Wharton, (1915), The Lake of the Sky, Lake Tahoe, in the High Sierras of California and Nevada
Brandeis, Erich (1918), “Indian legends for Profit,” 1918 Overland Monthly Vol. LXXI-Second Series
Hauptman, Lawrence H. (1996), Between Two Fires: American Indians in the Civil War
Delaware Tribe Desolation Wilderness Doolagoga. Chief Falleaf Mt. Tallac
After many years of being a full time freelance writer, and a long time resident of this state, I've decided to turn my full attention toward California by exploring all that it has to offer. My goal is to inspire you to get out there and explore this amazing state. Please follow my adventures and news content by visiting Calexplornia daily or clicking on one of my Social Media accounts below.
Underwater Towns of California: A look at towns buried in watery graves
The Maiden’s Grave: A story of hope, loss and mistaken graves
The Murderous Tale of Tragedy Spring and the Mormon Emigrant Trail
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Cambrils / News / Guide
Tarragona presents the Catalan Mediterranean Corridor
Tarragona. Costa Dorada. Minister of Planning and Sustainability, Lluis Recoder, presented a political, economic and social agenda of Tarragona in the Catalan Mediterranean corridor. The Minister explained the government's proposal on the features, layout and programming of this axis as it passes by Tarragona and stressed the role it should play in stimulating the economy in the second area of Catalonia in number inhabitants and important industrial and tourist center. Minister of Planning and Sustainability, Louis Recoder, today in Tarragona Agenda Catalan Mediterranean Corridor, which includes the proposal of the Government of Catalonia to develop the rail. Thus, described features, layout and programming of the corridor as it passes by Tarragona and stressed the opportunity that is to stimulate the economy and improving the transportation of passengers and goods in the territory. "The Agenda of the Catalan Mediterranean Corridor is our roadmap. The document must be used to decide which investment priority," said the Minister. "When investing, to consider the criteria of economic and social return and the majority of actions linked to the corridor have a great return in the form of new opportunities for our businesses, creating jobs and wealth for our citizens, "he added. The inclusion of the Mediterranean Corridor in the trans-European transport network, announced on 19 October, opens positive prospects in Tarragona, which is the second area of Catalonia in demographic weight and center of tourism and industrial first order. In this sense, the corridor, defined as a set of rail infrastructure, is designed as a strategic axis that connects the main areas of economic activity and airport infrastructure, port and logistics with the rest of the Catalan coast and the peninsula and Europe. The Agenda for the Catalan Mediterranean Corridor rail infrastructure established to run the program and ensuring the conditions of work capacity and performance needed to transport both people and goods. In the whole field, the actions to undertake in the short and medium term, some of which are being carried out, are: Short term: Division in the new layout section Vandellòs-Tarragona (up) and the execution of the stations along this stretch: Central Station Camp, Cambrils and Montroig. Connection with the high speed line Madrid - Barcelona Perafort (up). Adaptation to mixed gauge line between conventional and Castellbisbal Castellón. New intermodal rail platform at the Port of Tarragona New rail access to Port of Tarragona in mixed gauge In the medium term: Commissioning of the new high speed line for passengers Castellon-Tarragona. Having gauge or mixed along the entire route in the corridor and double-track your referrals. Conversion to the width of the corridor mixed-Castellón Castellbisbal for goods and the connection to the Port of Tarragona. Conversion to the width of the corridor mixed Reus-Tarragona. Rehabilitation of the line Reus Roda de Bara. Adaptation to gauge the connection with the Lleida plain through the branches of Reus and valleys. New rail access to Port In his presentation, the Minister stressed the need to define, in close relation with the Mediterranean Corridor, the new rail access to Port of Tarragona, to allow wider access to new areas of international growth port and the establishment of a rail intermodal platform. "Tarragona is very important to connect the port with international gauge to Castellbisbal. And this is an action that should be top priority," the minister pointed Recoder. This is a key action to boost the economy and enhance the transport of goods to the whole territory, especially if it relates to logistics centers such as CIM Camp. He also tied to ensure good accessibility from the north, towards Barcelona and France, by adapting to the conventional line of mixed gauge.
Tags: costa dorada, cambrils, practical guide, useful guide, program events, tours
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Education was one of the founding faculties of the University. The Faculty offers courses in pre-service teacher education, postgraduate education and Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL). Faculty research and teacher education courses both have a strong clinical focus.
The Faculty is home to:
STEM Education Research Centre (SERC),
Centre for Sustainable Communities (CSC)
Wiradjuri Early Learning Centre,
Inspire Centre for Innovation in Education,
Australian National Museum of Education.
The Faculty of Education is world-ranked and, like the University, is rising rapidly in domestic and international rankings. It has a growing reputation as a leader in South East Asia and the Pacific due to the increasing scale and impact of its research.
If you are a potential student, consider studying with us. You will benefit from our strong research program and partnerships here and overseas. You will also learn from highly capable and well qualified academics.
If you are suitably qualified and have a passion for learning and innovation, consider joining our Faculty. We have a talented, positive team of academic and professional staff and we are motivated to realise the fresh opportunities afforded by our innovative domestic and international academic programs, partnerships and research programs.
The future is in your hands: UC's Big Research Pitch 2020
Voting is open for UC’s Big Research Pitch as 17 Researchers vie to pitch their best ideas. The top 5 finalists compete in the Facebook Live on 29 October from 7.30pm.
More on The future is in your hands: UC's Big Research Pitch 2020 19 Oct 2020 — Our Connections Story
UC helping strengthen educational collaboration between Australia and Indonesia
Two University of Canberra staff from the Faculty of Education were invited to speak at an education webinar that aims to strengthen educational collaboration between Australia and Indonesia.
More on UC helping strengthen educational collaboration between Australia and Indonesia 16 Sep 2020 — Our Connections Story
Early Learning STEM Australia nominated for an AFR Higher Education Award
The University of Canberra’s Early Learning STEM Australia (ELSA) play-based digital program has been shortlisted in the AFR Higher Education Awards 2020.
More on Early Learning STEM Australia nominated for an AFR Higher Education Award 10 Sep 2020 — Our Connections Story
University of Canberra's online delivery of Creative Arts Education on the world stage
Assistant Professor Rohan Nethsinghe represented the University of Canberra at an international webinar discussing how he has managed to teach music education virtually during the COVID-19 pandemic.
More on University of Canberra's online delivery of Creative Arts Education on the world stage 06 Jul 2020 — Our Connections Story
Faculty research involves the study of learning and the practices and technologies that support and enhance learning in communities, organisations, museums, galleries, families, on playing fields and, of course, in schools. During the period 2014 – 2018, researchers in the Faculty gained more than $21m in research grants including Category 1 Grants in community education in Pakistan, PNG, Indonesia and the Pacific as well as large ARC grants in STEM and Indigenous education. The STEM Education Research Centre (SERC) is internationally renowned and currently engaged in multi-million dollar projects to enhance STEM learning in the early years.
The Faculty has approximately 1200 full-time equivalent students. Of these, 55 are enrolled in doctoral programs. Approximately 100 students are enrolled in postgraduate education and TESOL courses that are offered in Canberra, Hangzhou (China) and Hanoi (Vietnam). About 900 students are enrolled in initial Teacher Education (ITE) in Bachelor and Master programs. All of these courses have a significant, school-based, clinical component and provide students with opportunities to add an international dimension to their course through majors and units in international education and practice teaching placements. Our ITE graduates pursue teaching and leadership careers in Australia and overseas in Early Learning Centres, Primary and Secondary Schools.
University School Partnerships
The Faculty works closely with schools in Canberra and the Capital Region. The UC Affiliated Schools program is a collaborative partnership between the University of Canberra and the ACT Government and a key initiative under the Territory’s Future of Education Strategy. Affiliated Schools are funded by the ACT Government and the University as sites for research, professional development and the delivery of significant components of the teacher education program. The Affiliated Schools program is an outcome of several years of pilot programs with UC Lake Ginninderra College, UC Kaleen High School and other schools in Canberra and a close study of emerging international best practice in University / School partnerships. The development of this program is a step in the realisation of UC’s Education Precinct vision that is integral to its Distinctive by Design Strategic Plan.
The Faculty of Education resides in Buildings 25, 18, 16a, 6, and 5 at the University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT.
Faculty of Education representatives are available at the UC Student Centre (Building 1, Level B), Monday-Friday from 10am to 12pm.
For other enquiries, please refer to the details below.
Student enquiries All other enquiries
Education.student@canberra.edu.au Education-FacultyOffice@canberra.edu.au
1300 301 727 +61 2 6201 2024
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Walter H. French Building
Capital Area Housing Partnership Aims to Save Historic Walter French School from Wrecking Ball
The Capital Area Housing Partnership (CAHP), the Louis J. Eyde Family, LLC and the George F. Eyde Family, LLC announced today that the Louis J. Eyde Family and the George F. Eyde Family have donated the former Walter H. French Junior High School, located at 1900 South Cedar Street in Lansing to the Capital Area Housing Partnership (CAHP). CAHP, a local nonprofit development organization, plans to pursue a mixed-use redevelopment of the historic Lansing building, to include a variety of residential options.
“We are very excited by this generous donation and the prospect of transforming the Walter French building into a wonderful new place to live in Lansing,” said Mikki Droste, CAHP Executive Director. “It truly is a spectacular, architecturally significant building that has played an important role in Lansing’s educational history. This is a rare opportunity to not only save a historic building, but to invest in the City of Lansing and give this building new life for decades to come.”
“The Louis Eyde and George Eyde Families are pleased to be able support the Capital Area Housing Partnership through the charitable donation of the Walter French Building,” said Mark Clouse of The Eyde Company. “The City of Lansing was a proactive partner in helping identify new uses for the Walter French Building. Former Mayor Virg Bernero and the City of Lansing played an instrumental role in connecting the Louis Eyde and George Eyde Families with the Capital Area Housing Partnership. The Eyde Families are excited to be able support CAHP’s proposed plan to transform the Walter French Building into innovative, mixed-use residential workforce housing intended to offer new housing options to City residents.”
Mayor Andy Schor has stated he “is very supportive of saving the historic Walter French building and working with CAHP and the neighborhoods of southeast Lansing to reactivate this property.”
CAHP officials intend to pursue funding available under a recently launched program of the Michigan Economic Development Corporation (MEDC) and the Michigan State Housing Development Authority (MSHDA) which facilitates the development of workforce housing, accommodating individuals and families with incomes up to 120% of the area median income.
“This is a tremendous new program designed to fill a gap in the housing market for people with moderate incomes,” said Tom Lapka, board chair of the Capital Area Housing Partnership. “The income limits are designed to attract individuals and families who make a good wage, like police officers, nurses and other professionals, but find the high end rental market outside of their budget.”
Constructed in 1925, Walter H. French Junior High School was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2015 based on its architectural significance and contributions to the field of education. The National Park Service noted in its review that the building is one of the largest and most decorative pre-World War II public school buildings in Lansing. Designed by local architect Judson N. Churchill in the Arts-and-Crafts style, with Tudor-inspired detailing, the school is noted for making important contributions to the field of education in Lansing with the development of a progressive curriculum.
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British in Negotiations with Taliban
The Telegraph is reporting that there are ongoing secret negotiations between British intelligence and the Taliban.
Agents from MI6 entered secret talks with Taliban leaders despite Gordon Brown’s pledge that Britain would not negotiate with terrorists, The Daily Telegraph can disclose.
Officers from the Secret Intelligence Service staged discussions, known as “jirgas”, with senior insurgents on several occasions over the summer.
An intelligence source said: “The SIS officers were understood to have sought peace directly with the Taliban with them coming across as some sort of armed militia. The British would also provide ‘mentoring’ for the Taliban.”
The disclosure comes only a fortnight after the Prime Minister told the House of Commons: “We will not enter into any negotiations with these people.”
Opposition leaders said that Mr Brown had “some explaining to do”.
The Government was apparently prepared to admit that the talks had taken place but Gordon Brown was thought to have “bottled out” just before Prime Minister’s Questions on Dec 12, when he made his denial instead.
It is thought that the Americans were extremely unhappy with the news becoming public that an ally was negotiating with terrorists who supported the September 11 attackers.
This is further confirmation, but to be precise, this is not news. We have previously discussed the fact that British officials believed the Taliban to be too deeply rooted to be eradicated by military means, and had intended to court the alleged more “moderate” members of the Taliban to attempt to divide their organization. We have also discussed the fact that Britain does support negotiations with the Taliban and sees a role for them to play in the new Afghanistan.
“Britain will support deals with Taliban insurgents to give them places in Afghanistan’s new government and military, British Prime Minister Gordon Brown announced yesterday, distancing himself from the Canadian and U.S. strategy of refusing to sit down with the Taliban. In a speech to the House of Commons announcing a new Afghanistan strategy, Mr. Brown said that Britain will join Afghan President Hamid Karzai in making money and job offers to “former insurgents.”
Brown is referring to an effort underway by Hamid Karzai to obtain the loyalties of the lieutenants of Mullah Omar and thus split the organization. The price for this loyalty is a place at the table in the new Afghanistan. So Prime Minister Brown will likely continue to play politics before the House of Commons and explain that Britain really doesn’t negotiate with the Taliban, but supports settling with the more ‘moderate’ Lieutenants of the senior leadership in order to fragment the Taliban.
He is taking this position because not a single country currently engaged in Afghanistan is willing to send more troops into the theater except the U.S., and Gates himself is only willing to commit an additional 7500 troops despite the ongoing review of the Afghanistan counterinsurgency campaign. The British position is based on the American experience in Anbar of co-opting the enemy, or settling with erstwhile insurgents with the concerned citizens program. Or so they think.
Sadly, this is to mistake the Anbar narrative. In Anbar, the U.S. Marines gave the U.S. the upper hand from three hard years of kinetic operations, and negotiations with the tribes took place from the perspective of strength. Further, the Anbari tribes were not, for the most part, fighting from a perspective of religious fervor. It is one thing to settle with insurgents who need jobs to feed their families. It is quite another to settle with men who desire your death because of religious beliefs – like the Taliban. The Brits are involved in a dirty game, indeed.
Afghanistan,Taliban
On December 27, 2007 at 6:00 am, davod said:
The dirty little secret is that everyone probably wants a side channel into the Taliban. The bad news is that the Brits got caught.
The Taliban must be lapping up all the side negotiations, which could be seen by them as an indicator that the allies are fractured.
The Brits gave away an area last year and yes they were negotiating from weakness. Hence the need for the US led allies to go back in this year and rescue the Afghanis from the ratbags.
On January 2, 2008 at 11:16 am, Brian H said:
Geez, what crap. The Taliban are a johnny-come-lately invention of the ISI and some college radicals. And cutting deals with the “moderate extremists” is horseshit without straw.
To be specific, the Taliban have said that any government or administration it is involved in must defer in all matters to its interpretation of Sharia. Period. Which is
fill in the blank. ;)
You are currently reading "British in Negotiations with Taliban", entry #856 on The Captain's Journal.
This article is filed under the category(s) Afghanistan,Taliban and was published December 27th, 2007 by Herschel Smith.
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Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 1950 > December 1950 Decisions > G.R. No. L-2277 December 29, 1950 - MONICO CONCEPCION v. PACIENCIA STA. ANA
MONICO CONCEPCION, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. PACIENCIA STA. ANA, Defendant-Appellee.
Yap & Garcia, for Appellant.
Tomas Yumol, for Appellee.
1. PURCHASE AND SALE; ANNULMENT OF CONTRACT; STATEMENT OF FALSE CONSIDERATION AS GROUND FOR ANNULMENT; CONTRACT IS NOT NULL AND VOID "PER SE" OR NON-EXISTENCE. — Where the owner of a real estate property without forced heir before her death sold by means of a deed of sale property to a purchaser who was alleged to have connived with the seller, and after her death her surviving brother claimed said conveyance on the ground that the consideration was false, the court held that: "the expression of a false cause or consideration in the contra t does not make it non-existent, and it shall only be ground for an action for nullity as provided by article 1276 and confirmed by article 1301 of the old Civil Code. The effect of a false consideration is limited to making the contract voidable."cralaw virtua1aw library
2. ID.; ID.; WHO MAY BRING AN ACTION FOR ANNULMENT. — An individual who is not a forced heir, creditor or party to a contract of sale made during the life of the grantor can not bring an action to annul said voluntary deed of sale to the grantee, because, under the law, action to annul a contract entered into with all the requisites mentioned in article 1261 whenever they are tainted with the vice which validate them in accordance with law, may be brought, not only by any person principally bound or who made them, but also by hi heir to whom the right and obligation arising from the contract are transmitted. Hence if no such rights, actions or obligations have been transmitted to the heir can not bring an action, to annul the contract in representation of the contracting party who made it. "He who is not a party, or an assignee thereunder, or does not represent those who took part therein, has under articles 1257 and 1302 of the Civil Code no legal capacity to challenge the validity of such contract."cralaw virtua1aw library
3. ID.; ID.; ID.; — The conveyance or sale of said properties to the defendant was voluntarily made by the deceased to said defendant. As the deceased had no forced heir, she was free to dispose of all her properties as absolute owner thereof, without further limitation than those established by law, and the right to dispose of a thing involves the right to give or convey it to another without any consideration. The only limitation established by law on her right to convey said properties to another without consideration is, that she could not dispose of or transfer her property to another in fraud of her creditors.
FERIA, J.:
An action was instituted by Monico Concepcion v. Paciencia Sta. Ana to annul the sale made by the late Perpetua Concepcion, sister of the plaintiff, of three parcels of land with the improvements thereon to the defendant. The complaint alleges, among others, that the plaintiff is the only surviving legitimate brother of Perpetua Concepcion, who died on or about January 28, 1948, without issue and without leaving any will; that in her life time or on or about June 29, 1945, said Perpetua Concepcion, in connivance with the defendant and with intent to defraud the plaintiff, sold and conveyed three parcels of land for a false and fictitious consideration to the defendant, who secured transfer certificates of title of said lands issued under her name; and that the defendant has been in possession of the properties sold since the death of Perpetua Concepcion, thereby causing damages to the plaintiff in the amount of not less than two hundred (P200) pesos.
Defendant filed a motion to dismiss the complaint on the ground that it does not state a cause of action, because the deceased being the owner of the properties sold had the right to enjoy and dispose of them without further limitation than those established by law.
The Court of First Instance of Manila granted the motion to dismiss and dismissed the complaint on the ground that "the plaintiff is not a party to the deed of sale executed by Perpetua Concepcion in favor of the defendant. Even in the assumption that the consideration of the contract is fictitious, the plaintiff has no right of action against the defendant. Under article 1302 of the Civil Code, ’the action to annul a contract may be brought by any person principally or subsidiarily bound thereby.’ The plaintiff is not bound by the deed of sale executed by the deceased in favor of the defendant. He has no obligation under the deed."cralaw virtua1aw library
Plaintiff appealed from the order of the court dismissing his complaint, and now assigns as erroneous the order appealed from on the following grounds: (1) that a simulated or fictitious sale for a fictitious or false consideration is null and void per se or non- existence, hence it cannot transfer ownership; and (2) that according to article 1302 of the same code "the action to annul a contract may be brought by a person principally or subsidiarily bound thereby," and as under article 1257 of the Civil Code "contracts shall be binding only upon the parties who make them and their heirs," the plaintiff as heir of the deceased contracting party can bring action to annul the contract of sale under consideration.
(1) The plaintiff’s contention that a simulated or fictitious contract of sale with a false consideration is null and void per se, or is a contrato inexistente, not merely a contrato nulo, is not correct. Article 1276 of the Civil Code 1 expressly provides that "the statement of a false consideration in contract shall be ground for annulment," and article 1301 of the same code provided for the limitation of actions for annulment of a contract.
In support of his contention that the contract of sale under consideration being a fictitious contract or contract with a false consideration is null per se or non-existent, plaintiff quotes Manresa’s comment on articles 1274 to 1277, Vol. 8, p. 623, which says: "Recognizing this analogy, it was held by the Supreme Court of Spain that a fictitious contract, or contract entered into with false consideration does not confer any right or produce any legal effect, citing the judgments of the Supreme Court of Spain of October 31, 1865, of March 21, 1884, and of November 23, 1877." Appellant’s conclusion is not correct. By stating that contracts with false consideration confer no right and produce no legal effect, Manresa does not mean to say that they are null and void per se or non- existent as contra distinguished from annullable, for the effects of both non-existent and annullable contracts that have been annulled are the same: they confer no right and produce no legal effect. What Manresa says on page 700 of the same volume, commenting on article 1301, is the following: "The expression of a false cause or consideration in the contract does not make it non-existent, and it shall only be a ground for an action for nullity as provided by article 1276 and confirmed by article 1301 of the Civil Code. There are some who consider this somewhat confused under the Code; for us it is very clear, for the code repeatedly provides that the effect of a false consideration is limited to making the contract voidable, and we have already pointed out that in this particular, our Civil Code has deviated deliberately from the French Code, which includes indistinctly in one and the same provision contracts without consideration and contracts in which the consideration is illicit or false."cralaw virtua1aw library
In the case of De Belen v. Collector of Customs and Sheriff of Manila (46 Phil. 241), this court, through Mr. Justice Street, said that "The distinction between entire absence of contract (inexistencia) and the situation requiring an action of rescission or nullity is fully expounded by Manresa in his comment on article 1300 of the Civil Code (q. v.) ."cralaw virtua1aw library
(2) As to the appellant’s second and last contention, under the law action to annul a contract entered into with all the requisites mentioned in article 1261 whenever they are tainted with the vice which invalidate them in accordance with law, may be brought, not only by any person principally bound or who made them, but also by his heir to whom the right and obligation arising from the contract are transmitted. Hence if no such rights, actions or obligations have been transmitted to the heir, the latter can not bring an action to annul the contract in representation of the contracting party who made it. In Wolfson v. Estate of Martinez, 20 Phil., 340, this Supreme Court quoted with approval the judgment of the Supreme Court of Spain of April 18, 1901, in which it was held that "he who is not a party to a contract, or an assignee thereunder, or does not represent those who took part therein, has under articles 1257 and 1302 of the Civil Code no legal capacity to challenge the validity of such contract." And in Irlanda v. Pitargue (22 Phil. 383) we held that "the testamentary or legal heir continues in law as the juridical personality of his predecessor in interest, who transmit to him from the moment of his death such of his rights, actions and obligations as are not extinguished thereby."cralaw virtua1aw library
The question to be resolved is, therefore, whether the deceased Perpetua Concepcion has transmitted to the plaintiff any right arising from the contract under consideration in order that he can bring an action to annul the sale voluntarily made by her to the defendant with a false consideration.
We are of the opinion and so hold, that the late Perpetua Concepcion has not transmitted to the plaintiff any right arising from the contract of conveyance or sale of her lands to the defendant, and therefore the plaintiff cannot file an action to annul such contract as representative of the deceased.
According to the complaint the deceased, in connivance with the defendant and with intent to defraud the plaintiff, (that is, in order not to leave the properties above mentioned upon her death to the plaintiff) sold and conveyed them to the latter, for a false and fictitious consideration. It is, therefore obvious, that the conveyance or sale of said properties to the defendant was voluntarily made by the deceased to said defendant. As the deceased had no forced heir, she was free to dispose of all her properties as absolute owner thereof, without further limitation than those established by law, and the right to dispose of a thing involves the right to give or convey it to another without any consideration. The only limitation established by law on her right to convey said properties to the defendant without any consideration is, that she could not dispose of or transfer her property to another in fraud of her creditors. And this court, in Solis v. Chua Pua Hermanos (50 Phil. 636), through Mr. Justice Street, held that "a voluntary conveyance, without any consideration whatever, is prima facie good as between the parties, and such an instrument can not be declared fraudulent as against creditors in the absence of proof, that there was at the time of the execution of the conveyance a creditor who could be defrauded by the conveyance, 27 C. J., 470."cralaw virtua1aw library
Even a forced heir of the deceased Perpetua Concepcion would have no right to institute as representative of the decedent, an action of nullity of a contract made by the decedent to defraud his creditors, because such a contract being considered illicit under article 1306 of the Civil Code, Perpetua Concepcion herself had no right of action to annul it and recover the properties she had conveyed to the defendant. But the forced heir could in such case bring an action to rescind the contract under article 1291(3) of the Civil Code. Manresa in his comments on articles 1305 and 1306 of the Civil Code (4th edition, volume 8, pp. 717, 718), says: "As to heirs, it is interesting that the judgment of May 6, 1902, of the Supreme Court of Spain which denied a forced heir the right to institute an action to annul contracts considered as illicit, for having been entered into by his predecessor in interest for the purpose of depriving the forced heir of his legitime. The judgment purported to hold that the proper action would have been an action to rescind in conformity with what we indicated in commenting on article 1291, and declared that ’even forced heirs who accept an inheritance under the benefit of inventory are within the rule 2 of article 1806, that denies to the guilty party the right to recover anything he may have given, or to enforce the performance of any undertaking in his favor, when the other party has nothing to do with the illicit consideration; a doctrine laid down in the judgment of July 4, 1896.’"
The reason why a forced heir has the right to institute an action of rescission is that the right to the legitime is similar to a credit of a creditor. As the same Spanish author correctly states in commenting on article 1291 of the Civil Code: "The rights of a forced heir to the legitime are undoubtedly similar to a credit of a creditor in so far as the rights to the legitime may be defeated by fraudulent contracts, and are superior to the will of those bound to respect them. In its judgment of October 28, 1897, the Supreme Court of Spain held that the forced heirs instituted as such by their father to the latter’s testament have the undeniable right to institute an action to annul contracts entered into by the father to their prejudice. As it is seen the action is called action of nullity, but it is rather an action of rescission taking into account the purpose for which it is instituted and the confusion of ideas that has prevailed in this matter. The doctrine we shall expound in commenting on articles 1302 and 1306 will confirm what we have just stated." (Manresa Codigo Civil, 4th edition, Vol. 8, pp. 667 and 668.)
Therefore, as the plaintiff in the present case, not being a forced heir of the late Perpetua Concepcion, can not institute an action to annul under article 1300 or to rescind under article 1291(3) of the Civil Code the contract under consideration entered into by the deceased with the defendant.
In view of all the foregoing, the judgment of the lower court is affirmed with costs against the appellant. So ordered.
Moran, C.J., Bengzon, Padilla, Tuason, Reyes and Bautista, Angelo, JJ., concur.
Montemayor and Jugo, JJ., concur in the result.
Pablo, M., concurro con la parte dispositiva.
1. We are referring in this decision to the old Civil Code applicable in the present case.
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Global Economy & Finance
Keynote Speaker Database
Paul Stevens London, UK
Distinguished Fellow, Chatham House
Professor Emeritus, University of Dundee
Expert on the policy and economics of the petroleum industry
Introducing Shale Gas (2013)
Natural Resources and the Iraqi Economy (2013)
Professor Paul Stevens is an expert on nearly all facets of the petroleum industry, currently serving as a Distinguished Fellow at Chatham House.
Paul began his career teaching at the American University of Beirut in Lebanon between 1973-1979, interspersed with two years as an oil consultant. He then went on to teach at the University of Surrey, a role he maintained until 1993.
From 1993 to 2008, he was Professor of Petroleum Policy and Economics at the Centre for Energy, Petroleum and Mineral Law and Policy, University of Dundee, Scotland, a chair created by BP. He is now Professor Emeritus at the University of Dundee and a Visiting Professor at University College London (Australia).
Professor Stevens has published extensively on energy economics, the international petroleum industry, economic development issues and the political economy of the Gulf. He also works as a consultant for many companies and governments. In March 2009 he was presented with the OPEC Award in recognition of his outstanding work in the field of oil and energy research.
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David Pilling
Associate Editor & Africa Editor - Financial Times
Mauro Guillén
One of the World's Foremost Experts on Global Trends
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Peter Cornelius
MD and Chief Economist, AlpInvest Partners
Basim Al-Ahmadi
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Willem Buiter
Visiting Professor of Economics at Columbia University’s School of International and Public Affairs
Leta Hong Fincher
Journalist on Gender Inequality in China
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Olaf Groth
Expert on Disruptive Technology Trends & Futures
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An Overview Of Procedure
Subject Matter Jurisdiction Of The Federal Courts
The Erie Problem
Incentives To Litigate
Pleading
Haddle v. Garrison (S.D. Ga. 1996)
Haddle v. Garrison (11th Cir. 1997)
Haddle v. Garrison
Walker v. Northwest Corp 108 F.3d 158, 1997 U.S. App. 3574, 37 Fed. R. Serv. 3d (Callaghan) 39
Christian v. Mattel, Inc. 286 F.3d 1118, 2002 U.S. App. 6849, 62 U.S.P.Q.2D (BNA) 1385; Copy. L. Rep. (CCH) P28,425
Stradford v. Zurich Insurance Co
Gomez v. Toledo 446 U.S. 635, 100 S. Ct. 1920, 64 L. Ed. 2d 572, 1980 U.S. 104
Zielinski v. Philadelphia Piers, Inc 139 F. Supp. 408, 1956 U.S. Dist. 3625
Beeck v. Aquaslide 'N' Dive Corp 562 F.2d 537, 1977 U.S. App. 11589, 24 Fed. R. Serv. 2d (Callaghan) 1
Layman v. Southwestern Bell Telephone Co 554 S.W.2d 477, 1977 Mo. App. 2224
Moore v. Baker 989 F.2d 1129, 1993 U.S. App. 9943, 25 Fed. R. Serv. 3d (Callaghan) 973; 7 Fla. L. Weekly Fed. C 275
Bonerb v. Richard J. Caron Foundation 159 F.R.D. 16, 1994 U.S. Dist. 18407
Walker v. Norwest Corp. 108 F.3d 159 (8th Cir. 1996)
Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly 127 S. Ct. 1955 (2007)
Haddle v. Garrison 525 U.S. 121 (1998)
Winter v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc. 555 U.S. 7 (2008)
Resolution Without Trial
Identifying The Trier
Respect For Judgments
Personal Jurisdiction
Civil Procedure > Civil Procedure Keyed to Yeazell > Pleading
Walker v. Norwest Corp.
Citation108 F.3d 159 (8th Cir. 1996)
Brief Fact Summary. Jimmy Lee Walker, III, his guardian, Cynthia Walker and their attorney James Harrison Massey appeal from the district court’s award of sanctions against Massey for filing a diversity case in which he failed to plead complete diversity of citizenship and pleaded facts which tended to show there was not complete diversity.
Synopsis of Rule of Law. Rule 11 does not require the court to identify diversity and allege citizenship for defendants. The attorney representing the plaintiffs should identify citizenship of the defendants and establish diversity.
Facts. In a dispute over Jimmy Lee Walker, III’s trust fund, his guardian, Cynthia Walker and their attorney James Harrison Massey appeal from the district court’s award of sanctions against Massey for filing a diversity case in which he failed to plead complete diversity of citizenship and pleaded facts which tended to show there was not complete diversity. Mr. Massey had not alleged a citizenship for many of the defendants and did not identify which defendants should be dismissed to create diversity jurisdiction. Upon receiving the complaint the attorney for Norwest Corporation informs Mr. Massey that his complaint showed on its face that there was no diversity jurisdiction and asked him to dismiss or face sanctions. Massey did not dismiss and merely acknowledged Norwest’s correspondence.
Issue. Whether Rule 11 requires the kind of “complicated, in-depth, and possibly impossible inquiry” that would have been necessary to determine the defendants’ citizenship before filing a complaint based on diversity of citizenship.
Held. This court affirmed the district court’s entry of Rule 11 sanctions which granted the Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1) motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction and sanctioned attorney Massey under Fed. R. Civ. P. 11, awarding $4,800 in fees and expenses. The district court did not abuse its discretion in determining that Rule 11 sanctions were appropriate.
Dissent.
Discussion. Finding out the defendants’ citizenship is a burden the plaintiffs desire in order to invoke diversity jurisdiction. Massey failed to show diversity and also failed to argue the point of Massey’s financial circumstances, allowing for an award of monetary sanctions- there was no abuse of discretion.
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How to Submit Documents
National Class Action Database Registration Form
Practice Directions
Policy on Deletion and Redaction
Reasons for a Policy
On a few occasions, the Canadian Bar Association has received requests from class action counsel or named litigants requesting removal of information or the entire class action from the National Class Action Database (the Database). The reasons for the requests have ranged from simply that the action has been settled or discontinued, to privacy concerns relating to plaintiffs’ names or personal information appearing in “Google searches” as a result of the class action’s presence on the Database, to businesses subject to a settled class action objecting to it remaining on the Database. This Policy is meant to respond to these requests.
We take seriously the privacy of class action litigants and wish to minimize any deterrence to accessing justice as a result of the risk that personal information may be searchable on the internet due to its inclusion in the Database. At the same time, repeated deletions of class actions from the Database would destroy its use not only for historical research, but also for contemporary research by class action counsel assessing whether an action should be commenced. It may also impede potential class action claimants seeking information about whether a claim or settlement has already been made in relation to their potential cause of action. Class action claimants, by participating in a class action, may be taken to have already agreed to a certain degree of publicity in relation to their claim; many (or arguably, most) class actions result in decisions on readily accessible internet databases of court decisions. That being said, courts and administrative tribunals are increasingly sensitive to the amount of personal information found in decisions, and many have taken steps to limit such information to that which is strictly necessary and relevant.
The CBA has taken the interim step of communicating with Google to attempt to ensure that information from our database does not appear in search results. These communications and Google’s subsequent responses appear to have reduced such problems and we will endeavor to continue to monitor the situation and communicate with Google where appropriate.
1. (a) The CBA will accept for filing documents that have personal information irrelevant to the substance of the class action, redacted. This information would typically include personal addresses, telephone numbers, income information, and other similar, unique, identifying information contained within the body of the documents. The CBA will not accept for filing class actions with redactions from the style of cause.
2. (b) Class action counsel or a class action claimant may contact the CBA at any time to replace any document filed prior to the implementation of this Policy, with a document redacted in accordance with section 1(a) of this Policy.
3. The CBA will not remove any class actions from the Database absent direction from the court of the relevant jurisdiction or an administrative tribunal with authority to make an order requiring removal. The CBA will, at any time, update the listing of a class action to reflect the fact that it has been settled, dismissed, discontinued or otherwise disposed of, upon notification to CBA by counsel.
4. Upon the passage of five years’ time from the date of filing with the Database, class action counsel or a class action litigant may contact the CBA to request that the documents on the database be replaced with documents that have the name of the litigant redacted from the style of cause. The CBA will assess the impact of such a request on the precedential value of the material, and the effect on the litigant’s privacy. If, in the CBA’s opinion, the effect of the redaction is minimal and the impact on the litigant’s privacy significant, it will comply with the request. This section of the Policy applies only to class actions that have been settled, dismissed, discontinued or otherwise disposed of, prior to the request being made.
5. Counsel or litigants requesting the replacement of documents with redacted documents shall provide the redacted documents in PDF form to CBA for posting on the Database.
6. Any requests related to the implementation of this Policy may be sent to: classaction@cba.org.
Court Compliance
Many court practice notices, directions, and rules across the country now require registration of a class action and submission of related documents to the CBA Class Action Database. The courts are the masters of their own processes; if counsel have any questions about whether redacted documents continue to comply with the requirements of their jurisdictions, these questions should be referred to their respective courts.
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Researchers retract study supporting diet pills promoted by Dr. Oz
Posted: Oct 23, 2014 2:46 PM CST
Dr. Mehmet Oz has been under fire recently for promoting weight loss products on TV's "The Dr. Oz Show" that aren't backed by a lot of scientific evidence. Now a study supporting one of those products, diet pills made with green coffee bean extract, has been withdrawn by its lead researchers.
"The sponsors of the study cannot assure the validity of the data so we, Joe Vinson and Bryan Burnham, are retracting the paper," the pair of scientists posted online.
The small study, published in 2012 in the journal Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, found that the main ingredient in green coffee beans helped human participants lose, on average, 18 pounds over 22 weeks. It was funded by Applied Food Sciences Inc.
This year, the Federal Trade Commission filed a complaint (PDF) against the company, saying it paid researchers in India to conduct a trial on Green Coffee Antioxidant. The FTC says the study's unnamed lead investigator "repeatedly: (1) altered the weights and other key measurements of the subjects; (2) changed the length of the trial; and (3) confused which subjects took either the placebo or GCA at various points during the trial."
In the complaint, the FTC says that Applied Food Sciences asked Vinson and Burnham to write up the India researcher's study results for publication but that the pair of scientists never reviewed the raw data, despite noting several discrepancies in the data sets they received.
"We retracted the paper because of an error in one of (the) data points on the BMI graph and because, as the FTC pointed out to us, there was inadequate disclosure of diet restrictions on the subjects and inadequate disclosure of the blinding procedures for the supplements given the subjects," Vinson and Burnham said in a joint statement Thursday.
The researchers added that while they did not have the raw data collections, they did seek clarification from the India researcher on how the study was conducted and "at no time did we suspect the data provided were fraudulent."
"Applied Food Sciences knew or should have known that this botched study didn't prove anything," Jessica Rich, director of the FTC's Bureau of Consumer Protection, said after the company settled with the FTC in September.
"In publicizing the results, it helped fuel the green coffee phenomenon."
The FTC says Oz also played a role in promoting the diet pills. Oz was grilled by a Senate panel in June over the weight loss products being publicized on his show.
"In prior seasons, we covered Green Coffee Extract and its potential as a useful tool for weight loss," the show posted on its website this week. "Recently the authors of the peer reviewed research paper on which our coverage had been partially based formally retracted their study. While this sometimes happens in scientific research, it indicates that further study is needed regarding any potential benefits of Green Coffee Extract."
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Ann Coulter's War
By Ben Shapiro | May 28, 2015 | 9:38am EDT
Conservative author and pundit Ann Coulter (AP File Photo)
This week, iconoclastic master Ann Coulter released her new book, "Adios, America!" The book has already been labeled racist by the mainstream left, which fears her argument, and will undoubtedly be marginalized by the mainstream right, which doesn't want to hear it. Coulter's thesis is simple: Since Senator Teddy Kennedy, D-Mass., rammed through the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965, America's immigration system has transformed from a device for enriching the nation for both native-born and immigrants into a scheme for importing anti-American voters.
What made America America, Coulter argues, was a particular blend of Protestant religion and European civilization that led to the rise of the greatest nation in human history. What will unmake America, she continues, is a deliberate attempt to poison that blend with a flood of immigrants with wildly different values.
Coulter points out that the real number of immigrants currently residing in America illegally far surpasses the 11 million consistently put forth by politicians and media. That 11 million springs from census data, which is notoriously unreliable, given that immigrants here illegally typically don't spend time answering government surveys. The real number, she argues, is far closer to 30 million. And those 30 million immigrants in America illegally drive down wages, shred social safety nets, drive up the crime rate and congeal the American melting pot into a melange of inferior cultural values competing for local dominance.
"The foreign poor are prime Democratic constituents because they're easily demagogued into tribal voting," Coulter points out. "Race loyalty trumps the melting pot. ... The American electorate isn't moving left — it's shrinking. Democrats figured out they'd never win with Americans, so they implemented an evil, genius plan to change this country by restocking it with voters more favorably disposed to left-wing policies than Americans ever would be."
And the Democrats have achieved their goals. America is more polarized than at any point since the civil rights era, and not by chance. Americans have been told that they have a responsibility to anyone who wants to enter the country, even as they are lectured that it would be gauche for them to ask just who wants to come in. "At what point will Americans remind their government that it has a responsibility to us, not to every sad person in the world?" Coulter laments.
The answer, if the left has its way: never. Bearing nostrums like "diversity is our strength" and "through no fault of their own," Democrats will browbeat Americans into accepting the demise of American values. The shock isn't that millions of foreigners want to get into the United States — that's always been true. The shock isn't even that Democrats want to open the floodgates to unchecked, unscreened immigration — that's been true for decades, given that the modern American left despises founding philosophy and the capitalist system more generally. The shock is that so many conservatives have capitulated, granted the left's premise in the hopes that America's new immigrants will resemble her old immigrants, even though the America that welcomes them has changed dramatically.
Coulter's argument — that the media and our politicians conspire to keep information from us about the effects of mass immigration from non-Western countries, and that such immigration will destroy the fabric of the country — is virtually unassailable. The only question left: Who will stand up to the tidal wave of political correctness to pursue a reasonable and sane immigration policy, rather than the insane combination of ignorance and bullying that currently dictates who gets to live in and help redefine the greatest country in the history of mankind?
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"OUR DARIEN" CAMPAIGN LAUNCHES TOWN-WIDE BOOK GROUP
The "Our Darien" campaign, created by The Community Fund of Darien in partnership with the Thriving Youth Task Force, is encouraging parents to join the conversation about teen substance abuse with its first-ever virtual book group in January and a culminating live discussion via Zoom on February 3rd. The featured book is the #1 New York Times bestseller Beautiful Boy: A Father's Journey Through His Son's Addiction by David Sheff. The book group is the first in a series of events designed to educate parents about youth mental health, the dangers of substance abuse and how they can best support their teens.
Each week of the month-long “Our Darien Book Group” will explore several chapters of the memoir, with thought-provoking questions provided by the Darien Library. The virtual group will launch on Monday, January 11th on the Our Darien Facebook page (www.facebook.com/OurDarien, click “Groups.”) Participants in the private, moderated forum are encouraged to share their thoughts and formulate questions as they read. The final live discussion Zoom event on Wednesday, February 3rd at 7:00pm will feature Frank Bartolomeo, Ph.D., LCSW from Silver Hill Hospital, who will offer his perspective on addiction, warning signs and prevention tips.
The memoir is available at the Darien Library in print and digitally and can also be purchased at Barrett Bookstore (mention the Our Darien Book Group for a 10% discount) and other booksellers. It is described by famed author Anne Lamott as “a brilliant, harrowing, heartbreaking, fascinating story, full of beautiful moments and hard-won wisdom. This book will save a lot of lives and heal a lot of hearts.”
Publisher’s description: What had happened to my beautiful boy? To our family? What did I do wrong? Those are the wrenching questions that haunted David Sheff’s journey through his son Nic’s addiction to drugs and tentative steps toward recovery. Before Nic became addicted to crystal meth, he was a charming boy, joyous and funny, a varsity athlete and honor student adored by his two younger siblings. After meth, he was a trembling wraith who lied, stole, and lived on the streets. David Sheff traces the first warning signs: the denial, the three a.m. phone calls—is it Nic? the police? the hospital? His preoccupation with Nic became an addiction in itself. But as a journalist, he instinctively researched every treatment that might save his son. And he refused to give up on Nic.
Save the date for the next event in the series: a must-see live Zoom presentation on February 10th featuring former NBA professional basketball player and addiction recovery advocate Chris Herren, who will share his experiences and his road to sobriety.
These programs are made possible with the support of The Community Fund of Darien, Barrett Bookstore, the Darien Depot, the Darien Library, Silver Hill Hospital, Trinity Church and The YWCA of Darien/Norwalk.
For the past four years, The Community Fund of Darien in collaboration with the Thriving Youth Task Force (TYTF) has educated Darien teens and adults about the dangers of teen binge drinking through the “Our Darien” social marketing campaign. This public health initiative aims to shine a spotlight on the impact of alcohol on the teen brain and to offer proven tactics towards healthier attitudes and behaviors. A growing body of research shows an ongoing parent-child dialogue about risky behaviors, combined with clear rules and consequences, equips students to make healthy choices in the short and long term. The “Our Darien” campaign is funded by a grant from the state of Connecticut’s Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services (DMHAS).
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Individual Corporate
Ireland’s boardroom hopping a conflict of interest
By Neil Hodge2017-04-25T13:15:00+01:00
Politicians are often lambasted for having their fingers in too many pies, but corporate executives often escape such scrutiny and criticism, despite some being multiple and serial directors throughout their careers—moving from one company to the next, and very often working for rival firms.
This month, Ireland’s Institute of Directors (IoD) released a report on boardroom behaviour. Called Tone from the Top, the report discussed the approaches to ethics that companies in Ireland are taking to promote good corporate governance, while also highlighting some key areas of concern—one being identifying and managing potential conflicts of interest.
The scale of the problem becomes apparent when half of the report’s respondents (50 percent) believe that there is a prevalence of conflicts of interest among boards in Ireland and that the issue is probably one of the weakest areas of Irish boards. The IoD says boards deem conflict of interest policies less important than the company’s ethics policy or the values statement.
This is despite finding that there is a very high awareness among respondents of what constitutes a conflict of interest (97 percent said they were aware), and that 74 percent of organisations surveyed say that the board has a conflict of interest policy to identify and mitigate potential problems (although one in five organisations say they do not).
According to IoD Chief Executive Maura Quinn, it is not hard to understand why conflicts of interest concerns are prevalent in Irish corporate boards. “Ireland is still a very small market, and corporate talent is overwhelmingly centred in Dublin,” she says. “Everyone knows everyone else through professional and personal relationships, either first-hand or through someone they know. Added to that, there is still a lack of diversity in boardrooms and you can get the same people hopping from one company to the next and taking multiple directorships,” she says.
Quinn believes that the issue came to a head during the financial crisis when the scale of interlocking directorships was revealed. “When the banking crisis hit and the housing and property market collapsed, it became apparent that there were a lot of directors who had a foot in both camps and that it would be a good idea to try to bring new faces into the boardroom with new skills and experience,” she says.
“When the banking crisis hit and the housing and property market collapsed, it became apparent that there were a lot of directors who had a foot in both camps and that it would be a good idea to try to bring new faces into the boardroom with new skills and experience.”
Maura Quinn, CEO, Institute of Directors (Ireland)
While boards may be encouraging greater diversity and directors may be far more aware of their responsibilities than they once were, however, “there is still some way to go regarding the declaration and monitoring of conflicts of interest,” adds Quinn.
She is not wrong. In fact, the IoD’s report found some serious shortcomings about how companies attempt to identify and mitigate potential conflicts of interests in boardrooms. For example, in many instances, it is board members themselves who are tasked with leading the process: In one in three companies (35 percent), the CEO takes the lead; while in one in four (26 percent), it is down to the chair. However, 40 percent of respondents say that the chair’s ethical behaviour is not monitored or admit that they are unsure whether it is or not. Only 21 percent say that a regular review is conducted by the audit committee (or similar). The report also found that just one in four companies (27 percent) has a company-wide obligation to disclose conflicts of interest.
The Irish government is aware of the problem and is trying to curb it. The Companies Act 2014, which came into effect on 1 June 2015, has expanded directors’ disclosure and transparency requirements, especially regarding conflicts of interest and transactions with the company.
The legislation states that directors need to disclose any potential conflicts of interest and that any failure to take adequate measures to avoid such a conflict could result in the director being held personally liable by the company—as well as account for any profit arising from any conflict of interest that has not been permitted or excused. Furthermore, the country’s Office of the Director of Corporate Enforcement could investigate the matter.
Naturally, conflicts of interest are not limited to Ireland—the United Kingdom has also had its fair share of embarrassing episodes recently. In March, Charlotte Hogg resigned as deputy governor for Markets and Banking at the Bank of England after a two-week stint for breaching the organisation’s Code of Conduct (which she helped put together). Hogg failed to declare that her brother was a strategy director at Barclays Bank and that she would—in effect—be supervising his activities.
And this month HS2—the government-owned company responsible for constructing a £55bn (U.S.$70bn) (and rising) high-speed rail link between London to Birmingham and other northern cities—has said that its procurement team is putting together a set of checks following contractor CH2M’s withdrawal over unspecified conflict of interest allegations made by rival bidder Mace.
KEY FINDINGS FROM THE IOD SURVEY
Below are some key findings from the IoD’s boardroom ethics survey.
Some 50 percent of company directors believe conflicts of interest are “prevalent” in boardrooms in Ireland, according to the Institute of Directors in Ireland (IoD) recent survey, Tone from the Top – Boardroom Ethics in Ireland.
The survey also found that 86 percent of respondents that say there has been an increased focus on business ethics in the boardroom over the past decade, fuelled by a fear of reputational damage (according to 90 percent of respondents), recent controversies (for 81 percent of respondents) and increased public scrutiny—rather than increased awareness of responsibilities (which came third in terms of responses).
Eight out of ten respondents said their board has an ethics policy, 79 percent have a company values statement and 74 percent have a conflict of interest policy.
Source: Institute of Directors in Ireland
The measures now being considered (and which could be approved by the board when it meets in June) include making bidders disclose the details of everyone who works on the bid teams tendering for HS2 contracts. They would also see the public body taking a larger role in vetting companies in an effort to ensure no conflicts of interest occur, such as keeping a record of what companies HS2 staff join once they have left the organisation.
The United Kingdom has also made greater legislative attempts to prevent conflicts of interest in boardrooms. But the regime relies heavily on self-reporting and self disclosure. Under the U.K. Companies Act 2006 directors have a duty to avoid “direct” and “indirect” conflicts of interest—an example of the latter would be a child or spouse working as an adviser to a competitor. Directors are only obliged to disclose a conflict once they are aware of it, however—and not merely the potential of a conflict.
Meanwhile, the U.K. Corporate Governance Code—which also applies to Irish incorporated-listed companies on the main securities market of the Irish Stock Exchange—only refers to managing conflicts of interest in relation to executives giving views on their own remuneration (Principle D2). However, the Code does also impose duties on companies to assess the independence of directors ahead of appointments or re-election.
In many European Union countries rules regarding directors’ conflicts of interest centre almost exclusively on whether executives are working in other organisations that are similar or closely linked to that company or industry: for example, an executive sitting on the boards of two electricity suppliers. How rigorously these rules are enforced or monitored varies from country to country.
In Germany, for instance, a member of the management board may not—without the permission of the supervisory board—conduct any kind of commercial business or undertake individual transactions in the same type of business as the company. Likewise, he or she may not (without permission) become a director or active manager of any other company or firm. If a director breaks these rules, the company can seek damages.
Furthermore, according to Germany’s corporate governance code, all management board members have to disclose conflicts of interest to the supervisory board, inform the other members of the management board, and only take on “sideline” activities (especially supervisory board mandates outside of the company) with the supervisory board’s approval.
Ultimately, directors anywhere have an over-riding duty to put the interests of the company they are serving above their own, irrespective of whether their duties are codified or not. However, evidence suggests—perhaps worryingly—that some companies are actually prepared to pay a premium for executives that are “well connected” and that have experience working for rival firms, even though this may increase potential conflicts of interest.
Indeed, in a paper produced by a trio of academic researchers (Stephen Ferris, University of Missouri; David Javakhadze, Florida Atlantic University; and Yun Liu of the Keck Graduate Institute) the authors report that they find “strong evidence” that corporations place a high monetary value on how well-connected their directors are. On average, they claim, “one standard deviation increase in boardroom connectedness increases overall board pay by about 57%.”
Furthermore, the authors also contend that boards with great contacts tend to be better watchdogs and can better curb corporate conflicts of interest “to protect the interest of shareholders.”
Whether one agrees with the researchers’ assessment or not, it is apparent that boards are going to come under increasing scrutiny regarding any roles that directors either have or have had outside of the company they are meant to be governing. This is particularly true of non-executive directors, who are meant to be independent but who may put their independence at risk by having multiple NED roles.
It is also becoming increasingly obvious that a situation like that evidenced in the IoD report—whereby executives are monitoring whether they are following the rules and best practice—is untenable, and that independent assurance is necessary, and that compliance has a strong role to play in that process.
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https://www.iodireland.ie/resources-policy/research/tone-top-boardroom-ethics-ireland
https://www.etnpconferences.net/sfa/sfa2016/PaperSubmissions/Submissions2016/S-1-5.pdf
Ireland’s historic banking trial ends in epic failure
Ireland’s long-running criminal trial against ex-Anglo Irish Bank Chief Sean FitzPatrick ends in acquittal due to prosecutorial incompetence.
EU regulators beef up SCCs as temporary Privacy Shield alternative
The key data regulators that oversee the European Union’s strict privacy regulation agreed to a beefed up set of contractual terms to provide more clarity about the level of protection data transfers to countries outside the EU can enjoy.
SFO closes bribery probe into British American Tobacco
The U.K. Serious Fraud Office announced it has concluded without prosecution its investigation into British American Tobacco regarding whistleblower allegations of corruption in the conduct of business.
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J.O.Y - Jesus Over Yonder: Sermon delivered on Easter Sunday on March 27th, 2016
But Mary stood weeping outside the tomb. As she wept, she bent over to look into the tomb; and she saw two angels in white, sitting where the body of Jesus had been lying, one at the head and the other at the feet. They said to her, “Woman, why are you weeping?” She said to them, “They have taken away my Lord, and I do not know where they have laid him.” When she had said this, she turned around and saw Jesus standing there, but she did not know that it was Jesus. (John 20:11-14)
While they were perplexed about this, suddenly two men in dazzling clothes stood beside them. The women were terrified and bowed their faces to the ground, but the men said to them, “Why do you look for the living among the dead? He is not here, but has risen. Remember how he told you, while he was still in Galilee, that the Son of Man must be handed over to sinners, and be crucified, and on the third day rise again.” (Luke 24:4-7)
Atom Vibrations Make Shouts of Joy: Sermon delivered on March 20th, 2016
Blessed is the one who comes in the name of the Lord.
We bless you from the house of the Lord.
The Lord is God,
and he has given us light.
Bind the festal procession with branches,
up to the horns of the altar. [Psalm 118:26-27]
As he was now approaching the path down from the Mount of Olives, the whole multitude of the disciples began to praise God joyfully with a loud voice for all the deeds of power that they had seen, saying, “Blessed is the king who comes in the name of the Lord! Peace in heaven, and glory in the highest heaven!” Some of the Pharisees in the crowd said to him, “Teacher, order your disciples to stop.” He answered, “I tell you, if these were silent, the stones would shout out.” [Luke 19:37-40]
Celtic Knot - Infinity in Motion: Sermon delivered on March 13th, 2016
Thus says the Lord, who makes a way in the sea, a path in the mighty waters, who brings out chariot and horse, army and warrior; they lie down, they cannot rise, they are extinguished, quenched like a wick: Do not remember the former things, or consider the things of old. I am about to do a new thing; now it springs forth, do you not perceive it? I will make a way in the wilderness and rivers in the desert. The wild animals will honor me, the jackals and the ostriches; for I give water in the wilderness, rivers in the desert, to give drink to my chosen people, the people whom I formed for myself so that they might declare my praise. (Isaiah 43:16-21)
Mary took a pound of costly perfume made of pure nard, anointed Jesus’ feet, and wiped them with her hair. The house was filled with the fragrance of the perfume [...]Jesus said, “Leave her alone. She bought it so that she might keep it for the day of my burial. You always have the poor with you, but you do not always have me.”
(John 12:3, 7-9)
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Home>Alerts>Fluctuating Currencies - Some Customs...
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Fluctuating Currencies - Some Customs and Trade Considerations
By Thomas J. O'Donnell / May 11, 2015
Over the past year or so, the dollar has strengthened against most other currencies. For example, the dollar has appreciated about 20% against the Euro (€) and the Japanese Yen (¥) while the Swiss Franc (CHF) has appreciated against the dollar by some 10%. When a particular foreign currency appreciates against the dollar, U.S. imports from that country become more expensive and U.S. exports to that country become cheaper. Conversely, where the U.S. dollar appreciates against a particular foreign currency, U.S. imports from that country become cheaper and our exports to that country become more expensive. Governments are well aware of the effect the value of a country's currency has on its balance of trade, so countries manage (some say "manipulate") the value of their currencies in order to affect their import and export volumes. More on this, below.
Where a contract to purchase imported goods is denominated in a foreign currency, the importer's actual dollar cost of goods can change significantly between the date goods are ordered and the date they are imported. Where the particular foreign currency in the purchase contract has depreciated against the dollar between date of contract and date of payment, the merchandise has become cheaper for the U.S. importer because fewer dollars are needed to purchase the equivalent amount of the foreign currency. For example, a year ago, the dollar cost of purchasing €1,000,000 worth of goods from Germany was about $1,332,000, while today the same number of Euros can be purchased for about $1,080,000, a difference of $252,000. Conversely, a year ago, the cost of purchasing goods for CHF 1,000,000 was about $880,000, while today the same 1,000,000 Swiss francs would cost about $970,000. In these circumstances, it is not unusual for buyers and sellers to attempt to limit their exposure to losses due to currency fluctuations. One way to do this is to peg the foreign currency to a specific number of dollars. Another way is for the seller or buyer to hedge their currency needs in the forward market.
For contracts expressed in a foreign currency, U.S. Customs converts the foreign currency into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate in effect on the date of export. Thus, the converted invoice value of the goods reflects the true dollar value of the goods at the time of export and the proper dutiable value of the goods. In some instances, however, the parties may agree to share the risk of fluctuating currency. Let us assume that on April 1, 2014, a U.S. importer purchased a German machine for €1,000,000, with shipment of the machine and payment scheduled for April 1, 2015. As illustrated in the example above, from a dollar standpoint, the U.S. importer's costs decreased by some $252,000. However, if the parties agreed to share the risk of currency, the U.S. importer would have to pay the German exporter the Euro equivalent of $126,000, which is half the amount the Euro depreciated against the dollar in this time frame. Typically, currency sharing payments are not reflected in the invoice value of the goods, but are made by separate payment. In an instance such as this, the importer is required to report the currency sharing arrangement to Customs and add the $126,000 payment to the dutiable value of the goods.
Parties may also agree to use an agreed upon rate of exchange for a foreign currency. When this is done, the dutiable value of the goods imported into the U.S. is not determined by the exchange rate on the date of export, but is figured at the rate agreed upon by the parties.
Currency fluctuations also may be taken into account in more informal ways. For example, unrelated parties may agree to make compensating payments where one of the parties to the transaction has incurred losses due to exchange rate movements. This often occurs where parties have longstanding relationships. This also occurs between related parties, and may consist of lump sum year-end payments designed to preserve targeted profit margins. These kinds of payments are perfectly permissible, but they must be reported to Customs and appropriate adjustments must be made to dutiable value. In general, U.S. Customs requires the tender of additional duties where post-importation price increases occur, but will not refund duties where post-importation price reductions have occurred. An important exception exists where post-importation price decreases occur between related parties pursuant to a formula that the importer uses in filing its income tax returns.
For certain commodities (e.g., glassware, tableware), changes in dutiable value can have significant effects on duty rates that are based on price breaks. For example, certain glassware valued between $0.30 and $3.00 is dutiable at the rate of 30%. However, the same glassware valued between $3.00 and $5.00 is dutiable at 15%, and is dutiable at 7.2% if valued over $5.00. In some instances, it makes sense to voluntarily agree to pay the supplier more for the goods in order to obtain the benefit of the lower duty rate.
The appreciation of the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies also can have substantial effects on whether, for antidumping purposes, foreign goods are being sold at less-than-fair-value. Under U.S. law, dumping occurs when foreign goods are sold in the home market at prices higher than what they are sold for to the U.S. and such less-than-fair-value sales injure or threaten to injure a U.S. industry. When a foreign currency depreciates against the U.S. dollar, the price of foreign goods sold to the U.S. drops, while the price in the country of export remains the same or increases somewhat, but less than the price reduction realized by the U.S. purchaser. This acts to widen the price differential between the foreign market and the U.S. market, thereby creating less-than-fair-value sales or increasing the existing margins of goods already sold at less-than-fair-value. This is often referred to as "Exchange Rate Dumping." This factor, coupled with the large excess production capacity of many foreign producers (e.g., steel, aluminum, olive oil) could very well result in the filing of an increased number of antidumping cases.
Finally, some lawmakers in both political parties believe that currency manipulation should be subject to countervailing duties. Countervailing duties are imposed to offset subsidies given to foreign producers by their governments in order to promote exports. This subject has been raised in recent trade negotiations and also has been the subject of proposed legislation.
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Indicative Conditionals Can't Be Constrained by Presupposition
In his wonderful paper, "Indicative Conditionals", (which I have recently reread because of a great paper on it by Fabrizio Cariani) Stalnaker presents a theory that allows him to maintain a unified semantics of the ordinary-language conditional, that is, without having one semantics (broadly construed) for so-called indicative conditionals like 'if it's raining, the streets are wet' and another for so-called subjunctive conditionals (aka 'counterfactuals') like 'if it were raining, the streets would be wet'. I want to challenge his maneuver here, and I want to suggest that any maneuver won't work, either. In an important sense, supposition is too powerful an attitude; there are too few restrictions on what we may suppose, and thus on what conditionals we may assert.
Among other things, Stalnaker wants to explain why (to take Ernest Adams's example) 'if Oswald didn't kill Kennedy, then someone else did' and 'if Oswald didn't kill Kennedy, someone else would have' have intuitively different truth, acceptability, or assertability conditions without having a very disjunctive semantics. What would count as disjunctive? Not mere difference, since otherwise Stalnaker's would be disjunctive. More disjunctive would be treating indicative conditionals as material conditionals and counterfactuals as variably strict, as with Lewis. In what follows, I will interpret Stalnaker's idea as a kind of contextualism, a partial story about how context determines relevant "selection functions" for evaluating conditionals (on which more in a moment); no matter how we understand Stalnaker on this point, i.e., as giving different truth conditions, or just acceptability or assertability conditions, my arguments will go through the same way.
(More immediately his goal is to introduce his idea of "reasonable inference" and show how it allows the ordinary conditional to not collapse into the material conditional. I won't focus on this aspect, but what I have to say does have implications for his defense.)
In "A Theory of Conditionals", Stalnaker presents this semantics: 'if p, then q' is true at w just in case the contextually specified selection function f is such that f(p, w) is a world in which q is true. Intuitively f(p, w) picks out the most similar p-world to w, where similarity is kept cipher-like. All conditionals work this way, according to Stalnaker. The difference between indicatives and conditionals will then arise from which sorts of selection function are relevant for evaluating indicatives, versus which for subjunctives. To understand how these are determined, I'll have to dig a little more into Stalnaker's overall picture.
I'll be brief in explaining the Stalnakerian framework; a highly idealized version will do. Suppose we have conversational participants S1, ..., Sn. The common ground is the set of propositions they mutually believe---they all believe (or accept), they all know they all believe, etc. More briefly: it's the stuff all the participants take for granted, know they all take for granted, ... . If we interpret propositions as sets of worlds, then the context set is the intersection of all the propositions in the common ground. (If we don't, then the context set will be all the worlds compatible with the conjunction of the propositions in the common ground.)
When it comes to indicatives, then, the relevant selection functions f are such that f(p, w) is always in the context set. Stalnaker says: "It is appropriate to make an indicative conditional statement or supposition only in a context which is compatible with the antecedent." Call this the presuppositional constraint. To evaluate 'if Oswald didn't kill Kennedy, someone else did', we remain in worlds in which Kennedy was killed, thus making the conditional rather trivially true; and to evaluate 'if Oswald didn't kill Kennedy, someone else would have', we need not look only at worlds in which Kennedy was killed. So far, so good. A good many philosophers and linguists have found this idea reasonable, too.
But what about examples like this:
(1) If we're presupposing something that's false, we're going to encounter some trouble.
(2) If we were presupposing something false, we would encounter some trouble.
If Stalnaker were right, only (2) would be felicitous; (1) would be unacceptable. This follows from the presuppositional constraint. But (1) is acceptable, and in many contexts it is straightforwardly true. So it seems that indicative conditionals don't require that their antecedents be compatible with the context set.
'Presupposition', etc., as Stalnaker uses them are technical terms. So you might object that I am implicitly equivocating: (1) requires an ordinary-language understanding of 'presupposing', but Stalnaker doesn't need to use that notion. Yet the following are all good:
(1') If we're taking for granted something that's false, we're going to encounter some trouble.
(1'') If we're assuming something that's false, we're going to encounter some trouble.
The point here is just that however Stalnaker explicates his technical term, we can have felicitous conditionals like (1), etc. Seeing this, you might think something is fishy. After all, doesn't the following sound somehow bad?
(3) Tommy's barking. If Tommy's not barking, he might be sick.
I more or less agree that it does. Suggestion:
Identifiability Constraint. If the indicative conditional 'if p, q' is true, felicitous, acceptable, etc, then there is no identifiable presupposition r in the common ground that entails ~p.
First point: this means that we cannot do with the flat structure that the context set itself provides. We need the structure of the common ground. Second, identifiability requires clarification to be usable in any satisfying theory. But third, I suspect even this condition does not work. Consider:
(4) If everything we're presupposing is wrong, we've made some truly enormous mistakes.
(4) seems acceptable to me. But so long as we can identify at least one element of our common ground (which of course we should be able to do, publicity being a constraint on the common ground), then even the Identifiability Constraint won't work.
I don't exactly know how to fix Stalnaker's constraint on selection functions. Because of its ability to handle some of these examples so well, including the Oswald example and (3), I think it likely will be fixable. But I can't easily think of a fix. The basic problem is that indicative suppositions are just really easy to make. Supposition is a "powerful", by which I mean relatively unconstrained, attitude. That's why I am not completely convinced that there is a fix.
I suspect this problem has been addressed before, but I don't know where. Any responses, or any pointers toward literature where it has been, would be of serious use!
Simon Goldstein
Does this objection assume that presupposition obeys positive and negative introspection? IE: why is 'if we presuppose p, then p is true' is true at every world in the context set? Or, why can't there be a world in the context set where we presuppose p, and p is false? Suppose we don't actually presuppose anything wrt p, but that (because presupposition doesn't satisfy positive or negative introspection), it is consistent with what we presuppose that we presuppose p. Couldn't it then also be consistent with what we presuppose that we presuppose p while p is false? I suppose it also depends whether presupposition is factive...
Hawthorne and Magidor have an interesting exchange with Stalnaker challenging positive and negative introspection for presupposition, and arguing that it undermines his acceptance of the principle of 'Uniformity'. Perhaps this is grist for their mill.
One other thought on this topic: I find Kevin Dorst's objections to Stalnaker's claims about presupposition in 'Abominable KK Failures' quite compelling. Can't we say 'I know Oswald killed Kennedy. But (even) if he didn't, I also know that someone else did'?
Incipient philosophical thoughts too rough for any drafts.
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Starplex Cinemas Churchill Tower 12400 Coit Rd., Suite 800 Dallas TX, 75251 United States Ph: (214) 692-6494 Ph: (877) 884-6494 Fax: (214) 692-8982 http://www.starplexcinema ...
About Starplex Cinemas:
AMC -- Starplex Cinemas prides itself on providing customers with the most exciting theatre experience possible. The company operates 21 theaters with 208 screens in Texas, Oklahoma, Washington, Florida, Indiana, Illinois, Ohio and California. Starplex Cinemas is scheduled to open two new theaters in Kingwood, TX (June 2010) and Lake Worth, TX (November 2010) bringing their total to 236 screens by years end.
Starplex Cinemas News:
Apr 13, 2010 Starplex Cinemas Selects GDC Servers for Digital Rollout
GDC Technology (“GDC”), a world leading digital cinema solution provider, announced today an exclusive server deal with Starplex Cinemas, a leading US cinema chain based in Dallas, Texas.
Full Release
GDC Technology Limited Web Page
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Apr 13, 2010 Starplex selects Barco
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Editor's comment: new year, new chances
First contact physios are making their presence felt in primary care
A new analysis by NHS Digital reveals that general practices in England provided a record 307 million appointments last year.
It delves beyond the headline figures to highlight the changing make-up of primary care staff.
The new figures are based on data taken from practice booking systems and cover more than 90% of practices. While NHS Digital stress that the system of data collection was experimental and should be treated with care, it showed there were 307.4 million appointments at practices between November 2017 and October 2018 – a rise from 299.3 million in 2007 and 221.8 million in 2005.
Just over half between January and October of this year were with GPs, compared to 62% in 2007 and 76% in 2005. Some 45% of appointments were with ‘other practice staff’ such as nurses, compared to 4% in 2007 and 2% in 2005.
The figures demonstrate that major changes are afoot on in the general practice workforce, offering clear opportunities for physiotherapy to shine by taking on a bigger share of the primary care workload. First contact physiotherapists are already making their presence felt in surgeries across the UK and implementation of these roles is speeding up. In Northern Ireland for example three big pilots starting in 2019 will make it possible for over 20% of patients with a musculoskeletal problem to see an FCP instead of their GP.
This could be the year that primary care physiotherapy really comes into its own.
Mark Gould Acting editor, Frontline editor@csp.org.uk
Advice line: medical malpractice
Harnessing the potential of AHP leaders
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Redbird's Second Program Features Hot New Play By Howard Craft
Carrboro -- ( Fri., Mar. 13, 2015 - Sun., Mar. 22, 2015 )
ArtsCenter: Redbird One-Act Play Festival
Fridays and Saturdays $18-$14; Sundays $16-$12 -- ArtsCenter , (919) 929-2787 , http://www.artscenterlive.org/
March 14, 2015 - Carrboro, NC:
Part Two of the The ArtsCenter’s thrilling Redbird: One-Act Play Festival, featuring new short plays by North Carolina playwrights, had its first performance the evening of March 14, with the remaining two out of the five plays presented. The glory of the program came in the second play, a very new work by Howard L. Craft. Inspired by wonderful historian David S. Cecelski’s book The Fire of Freedom: Abraham Galloway and the Slaves' Civil War (UNC Press), Craft’s one-actor play proved (again) that a monologue, in the right hands, can be supremely dramatic.
“What I’m trying to do as a black artist, particularly as a playwright, is to tell the stories that haven’t been told,” Craft told me in a late-January interview, the day before the first table reading of his script of The Fire of Freedom. Craft had first learned of Galloway (1837-1870) when he became intrigued by a portrait of the man in the N.C. Museum of History. NCMH program coordinator Emily Grant gave him some information and led him to Cecelski’s book. Craft thought Galloway would make a good subject for a play, but until he received the commission to write a new work for Redbird, he’d written only a few poems about this bold man who escaped slavery and fought against it in every way, ultimately being elected to the NC State Senate during Reconstruction. Staying in close communication with Cecelski as he drafted the script, Craft also read letters from African-American Civil War soldiers and the speeches of Frederick Douglass in order to create a voice for Galloway.
The day before that first reading, Craft was a little nervous. His brand new baby was to be directed by Chaunesti Webb, and acted by Jade Arnold, with whom he had not previously worked. He needn’t have worried. By the first performance, script, direction, and acting had merged with near perfection, and the powerful story was fully supported by excellent set (Rob Hamilton), lighting (Elizabeth Droessler), and costume design (Marissa Erickson), with additional richness added through projected imagery and audio components (Joseph Amodei and Tom Guild).
Jade Arnold is an extremely charismatic actor, with powerful vocal skills, explosive physicality and breathtaking timing, making his embodiment of Galloway as compelling as Craft’s words. In a hidden attic, in New Bern, in 1863, Galloway has come to speak from his own observations and experiences to a crowd of black men about whether to take up with the Union Army, about what and who can be trusted and why, distinguishing incisively between the cause of the Union and the cause of Freedom. A representative from President Lincoln is to follow him, and Galloway is making sure the men understand that they are in a position to bargain and require, before committing themselves to the army. “I am not asking you to trust his words, but there are things that you can and must trust. Trust in a thing to be true to its nature. The nature of a bullfrog is to leap. The nature of an Army is to kill. The slave will not be free without much killing.”
By Galloway’s final lines, it is easy to see why 5000 men would have followed him to form three regiments of the U.S. Colored Troops. I was ready to go myself. “For me, there is nowhere else under the canopy of heaven I would rather be than with my brothers conspiring to knock down these southern gates of hell!”
Although The Fire of Freedom was first-rate, the first play in Program Two is the festival’s weak link. Written and directed by Dana Coen, Property is formulaic, obvious, dull, and some of it didn’t even make sense. The three actors worked mightily to make the most of the few sharp lines, but their characters were written to be about as deep as cardboard cutouts, and the direction made them flatter. The story of a young couple moving to the country from Seattle to live sustainably could have had potential, but one grasped from the first scene basically what would occur when Seattle mores (and ignorance) came into conflict with local realities. I expect the author thought it involved a clever piece of foreshadowing; instead, he had given it all away, draining any possible dramatic tension from the play. It was very like a soap opera, without real emotions, and with scenes dragging themselves into the dimming lights and bad music that signified a change of time. But don’t let that stop you from seeing the whole program. You will be mightily rewarded by Galloway, and perhaps by next weekend Coen will have written a little more sense into the script, or at least found another flashlight and a pair of work boots for his foolish would-be farmer.
Redbird continues through March 22. For more details on this production, please view the sidebar.
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BHP, NTEC grants help community organizations
Joshua Kellogg
jkellogg@daily-times.com
FARMINGTON – Several nonprofit organizations, area schools and Navajo Nation chapter houses in the Four Corners will be able to continue operations and start new projects after receiving more than $300,000 in grants from BHP Billiton New Mexico Coal and the Navajo Transitional Energy Company.
The grants were awarded at a Community Investment Fund ceremony at the Courtyard by Marriott in Farmington on Nov. 12, where representatives presented $310,000 in grants to 34 recipients in San Juan County and the Navajo Nation.
Pat Risner, president of BHP's New Mexico coal program, said the company has been providing community grants for more than 30 years and has been running the Community Investment Fund in its current form for eight years.
“We want these projects to impact our local communities,” Risner said. “We want them to positively impact as many people as possible.”
NTEC spokesman Erny Zah said the company has been working with BHP on the selection process the last three years and wants to continue the program in the future as its contract with BHP to manage Navajo Mine expires at the end of next year.
The Family Crisis Center in Farmington was one of the recipients and will use the money to provide support for its domestic violence shelter Marge’s Place, development manager Amy Williams said.
Women, men and children who are victims of domestic violence can stay at the shelter as long as they need until they can venture out on their own.
Grants help pay the operation expenses for the shelter to remain open, Williams said.
The funding also pays for supplemental costs, including toiletries like toothpaste and shampoo, along with food, bedding and clothing. Williams did not disclose the amount of funding her organization received.
Williams said the organization has seen a loss of about $600,000 in funding in the last five years and largely depends on state and federal funds.
“It’s very important for us to be able to maintain those services and not cut them due to a lack of funding,” Williams said.
The San Juan Center for Independence will use the grant it received to purchase nearly 2 acres of land behind its 1204 San Juan Blvd. location in Farmington to establish a community orchard.
Executive Director Branda Parker said the center hopes to plant fruit and vegetable plants on the new property to teach people with disabilities how to maintain the garden.
Participants will be taught to weed, water and manage the crops, and classes will be held on preparing meals using the crops.
Parker said the main reason the center wanted to pursue the community orchard was to help contribute to the healthy eating habits of the center users who typically live on a fixed income and who might struggle to afford fresh fruits and vegetables.
The staff will break ground on the orchard in March next year and is planning to order trees for the site soon.
Big Brothers, Big Sisters of San Juan County uses its grant funding to help pay for professional staff members to manage its Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics initiative.
Chief Executive Officer Christine Garcia said the $10,000 grant helps the organization pay for the staff to screen and supervise mentors assigned to children to learn more about STEM careers and education.
The grant will help pay for costs associated with the organization's annual Discovery Festival, held last month at the McGee Park Convention Center. Williams said about 1,900 students and a total of 2,300 people attended the two-day event Oct. 16-17.
Joshua Kellogg covers education for The Daily Times. He can be reached at 505-564-4627.
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Reopening: A shared responsibility of education departm...
Coronavirus & Schools
Reopening: A shared responsibility of education departments and stakeholders
By Mary Metcalfe and Shabir Madhi• 15 May 2020
Readiness to reopen schools must be built from the ground up by schools, parents, school governing bodies and community leadership working together, say the writers. (Photo: Gallo Images / Grant Pitcher)
The public debate is not assisted by commentators who position the unions as ‘opposed to’ the education department. That is not our reading of the ongoing conversation: The conversation is about how unions as key stakeholders are collaborating with the education department to ensure that schools are ready in terms of the institutional practices of managing health so that teachers, workers and learners are protected.
Public confidence requires an inclusive decision-making process to open and support schools. As has transpired, one of the greatest challenges of having embarked on a lockdown with the looming threat of the Covid-19 pandemic in South Africa, is how exactly to get out of the lockdown.
This is no less manifest when it comes to the closure of schools that was imposed by the lockdown. The country is now gripped with the need for certainty in decision making around the opening of schools, and this is contributing to heightened tensions and anxieties.
In our view, the certainty that is required by learners, parents and communities — and the public in general — is the confidence that the education authorities and stakeholders, particularly teacher unions, have worked together to take all of the necessary steps to ensure the safety of teachers, workers, and learners at schools.
As the public, we must have confidence that these decision-makers and key stakeholders have a solid understanding of the science that underpins this virus and its epidemic, and what this means for how and when we open schools. We need to balance the need for firm decisions with the need to be responsive to new information and to understand how the actions we are taking are influencing the development of the epidemic, or the suppression of the development of the epidemic.
Demanding certainty at this time is the enemy of learning.
We need to be open to new learning, and open to changing our minds on the basis of evidence.
The pressure from the public for certainty and finality is not sensitive to the need for extensive and detailed collaboration and planning between the unions and the national and provincial education departments as we establish readiness. We should not cause mis-steps because of our need for certainty in these uncertain times.
The public debate is not assisted by commentators who position the unions as “opposed to” the education department. That is not our reading of the ongoing conversation: the conversation is about how unions as key stakeholders are collaborating with the education department to ensure that schools are ready in terms of the institutional practices of managing health so that teachers, workers and learners are protected.
To portray unions as being opposed to the department is a misreading of the conversation. It is the public need for certainty and simplicity that makes us commit these errors and heighten tensions. There is no doubt in our minds that both the unions and the education departments want a return to school urgently, but when the necessary conditions are in place for this to happen.
A risk-adjusted approach — opening schools is inevitable, so how do we manage risks?
The country has adopted a risk-adjusted approach to opening the economy and to the opening of schools under conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic. As decisions are being taken about the opening of schools, we as a country need to have an understanding of the role of schools in managing the epidemic and support rational, informed and careful decision-making.
What this means with regard to opening schools is that we must collectively understand the risks that are there — but we also need to do an analysis of the risks of not opening schools and then take the management decisions that are necessary to manage these competing risks. We believe that this is possible, but we must commit to working together as government and stakeholders.
The delay in opening schools has huge implications for the country and for individual learners and their anxieties. It has implications for families and for the way that they manage their working and social lives relative to the needs for childcare and support. It has implications for further opening the economy because workers need to know that their children are safe while they are at work.
The need for schools to open does not only have to do with the need to “cover the curriculum” and ensuring learning, it also has to do with the social institutionalisation of learners in a context of social interaction, of a disciplined social and institutional life within which their social, emotional and health needs are considered, and of personal routines of planning and accountability.
Schools play a critical role in basic health needs. We believe that school feeding should resume urgently as schools reopen.
As we take these decisions, we need to be very clear about time frames and planning. Managing the rate of Covid-19 infections in the country and in schools will be a challenge for at least the next 18 months. The decisions that we take now are not just about opening schools in May or June, but they are about establishing best practices of health management in our schools for the next two years — we need to be planning for December 2021 and beyond.
Schools cannot remain closed for the next 18 months or two years which means we have to open schools on the basis of sustainable practices that protect teachers, workers and learners.
What does the science say?
We are fortunate to have a health scientific community which is continuously monitoring developments internationally and interpreting these in terms of what they mean for the unique features of our context.
In order to manage schools effectively under conditions of Covid-19, we must start with a very clear and common understanding of the available science. We must learn from the best evidence that our excellent health professionals in this country are providing, and from the understanding of the virus and the epidemic that they share with the public.
Key points from the health scientists, and from the task team established by the College of Medicine of South Africa, and recently corroborated by the WHO, for the management of schools at the time of Covid-19 can be summarised as follows:
The majority of SARS-CoV-2 infections (virus that causes Covid-19) are asymptomatic; the figures vary between 50% and 80%. What this means is that there will be many people in society — and in schools — who are infected and be carriers of the virus (including during the pre-symptomatic phase in those who develop Covid-19 illness when the viral load is high) but who will not themselves be aware that they are carrying the virus.
There will be no visible symptoms to indicate to those who wish to support them to identify that they are infected. This is why the fundamental principle of managing Covid-19 is in every situation to “manage oneself as if infected”, and to “treat others as if they are infected” so that we are both protecting others and protecting ourselves. This means we must manage schools on the assumption that there are infected learners, teachers and workers who will not be detected by a thermal screening or taking temperatures or even assessing for respiratory symptoms.
What the health experts advise, is that screening at school level by thermo-screening (temperature taking) is not helpful. Screening should begin at home, and at school level there should be a routine check if any teachers, learners or workers present with symptoms that suggest that the learner or teacher may have the virus.
If any do, the person should be kept out of school until the test results show they are negative or non-infectious. Those tests should not be done at schools; they need to be done at the nearest health facility and while the results are awaited the teacher, or the learner or the worker must self-quarantine at home. If it is confirmed that the individual has the virus they must self-quarantine at home. Quarantining facilities are not needed at schools, but boarding schools may require that these be provided.
As the country heads into winter, the convergence of the normal influenza epidemic with the Covid-19 epidemic means that wisdom will be required in differentiating between flu cases and Covid-19 cases, and we are expecting a spike as the flu virus kicks in.
The current science also tells us that children who do become infected are unlikely to be transmitters to other children or adults. That is the best available scientific knowledge now. The World Health Organisation confirms that serious illness due to Covid-19 is seen infrequently in children.
When schools return, the greatest risk is to teachers and to workers because the infection is more likely amongst adults than among children. We need to manage our schools with great care toward teachers and workers as adults are the higher at-risk category. This is why the role of the unions in working with the employer to ensure the safety of teachers and workers needs to be appreciated and valued.
We also need to identify teachers that are at high risk because we know that risk is associated with age, comorbidity and other factors. In adults, greater than 85% of the ~30% (ie ~25% of overall infections) individuals that become infected would have a mild, self-limiting illness. The risk for severe illness from Covid-19 is greatest in those older than 65 years of age, chronic hypertension, type-II diabetes, obesity, cancer and chronic lung and heart disease. Collectively, these high-risk groups also contribute to >80-90% of all Covid-19 deaths.
As schools return, the school management teams (SMTs) and the district officials that support them must make sure that the health protocols around staff rooms, teachers’ and workers’ masks, teachers’ and workers’ hand sanitising are in place as a non-negotiable.
Schools must be places where children learn the importance of hand sanitising, the importance of physical distancing, the importance of masks. This will be one contribution of schools to the massive public health education project that we face. The more that children understand the risks, understand what actions are necessary to combat the risks, and the reasons for those actions, the more that we as a country will be taking into every home in the country these lessons of safe community and self-care for the next 18 months.
In doing so, children could become vectors of the spread of knowledge on how to reduce the rate of transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, assisting us in avoiding a massive surge of Covid-19 cases over a narrow window period.
Part of the routine health practices that we all need to adopt in schools, in workplaces and at home is the sanitising of surfaces. We know that the virus settles on surfaces and could survive for two to three days on such surfaces.
Consequently, surfaces need to be decontaminated as often as is necessary — this will be determined by the number of people who touch the same surface. For schools, decontaminating surfaces as part of the daily routine is a huge additional responsibility that will possibly require new resources that schools may not have, and schools may need support from the community in decontaminating desks and chairs with alcohol solution or other detergents every day. Where learners move in between classes during the course of the day, this may need to be done more frequently; or movement of learners between classes should be restricted if feasible.
Schools will need to assist learners to understand mask management as masks that are touched by hand can be contaminated with the virus. Learners need to understand why they should not be touching their masks.
Learners, teachers and workers should have at least two masks so that one can be washed every night and a clean mask used. The health advice is that children should wear masks in classrooms, but it is not necessary for them to wear the masks all day, and the playground access of learners should be managed by the school management team so that it is phased during the day and not too many learners are in the playground at one time or gathering in groups.
The greatest challenge for us as a country in terms of managing best practices at schools in times of Covid-19 is how to manage physical distancing. Physical distancing is a key element of management of the epidemic together with the wearing of masks, washing of hands and not touching faces.
We know that the risk of infection is greatest when a person is in the proximity of less than 1.5m to another person for more than 15 to 30 minutes — this is close contact.
How schools are going to manage physical distancing between learners, and between learners and teachers, in conditions of overcrowding and limited space is a challenge that the school management teams will need to work on with all of their energy and creativity once they return. This can only be managed at school level.
The situation will be different in different schools.
When Grade 12 and Grade 7 return, the schools will have many spaces to support physical distancing, but that needs to be managed with the available teachers and subject expertise among the teachers required to teach the different subjects multiple times if that is what is required.
We need to have more desks, more classrooms (or classrooms that are large enough for desk spacing) and more teachers.
Schools need to consider how to extend school infrastructure by using community halls or churches, or by rotating school attendance so that not all learners are at school at the same time in order to achieve the necessary physical distancing.
Some schools that are not able because of space constraints to have minimal levels of physical distancing may need to look for additional premises. As classes become smaller, there will be implications for the number of teachers needed. Or — there will have to be fewer hours per day of instruction for different grades, with a modified curriculum.
The education complication of providing appropriate teaching to learners in the specific condition of the school can only be resolved once the school management team is back — and school management teams can only return when the basic elements of providing a safe environment are in place.
The WHO’s advice confirms these guidelines
The World Health Organisation (WHO) document, Considerations for School related Public Health Measures (issued on 10 May) confirms the best advice, outlined above, that we are receiving in South Africa. The WHO confirms that decisions around whether to open or close schools depends on current understandings of transmission and severity among children and teachers: on local situations and the epidemiology in areas where schools are located; and the ability of schools to maintain prevention and control measures.
It confirms that schools need to have policy and resources in place to ensure hand and respiratory hygiene, and distancing to limit crowding.
It confirms that we need to manage classrooms so there is a desk spacing of one metre between desks — and this is our greatest challenge.
It confirms that schools need to have access to the necessary supply of materials to prevent transmission.
It confirms that all activities — even recreational — have to be adjusted to ensure adherence to recommended measures.
It also confirms that we need to consider the age of children. Foundation Phase, or children in Early Childhood Development centres need a different support to adolescence — and children in special schools require urgent attention. It confirms that food security is a major consideration in the capability of children to withstand the infection and its complications and that we should be ensuring that children receive a meal at school.
A team at the College of Medicine of South Africa has produced guidelines for schools and a guideline for public transport that are invaluable resources for all of our schools and all of our communities in terms of understanding the way forward in the management of the virus in schools.
These guidelines and the WHO document of 10 May can be accessed on the organisations’ websites.
What is a readiness in relation to the opening of schools?
Readiness will not be uniform and will be context-dependent.
Some schools might need running water or additional resources for social distancing — all these cannot be determined nationally but need to be resolved locally within a national and provincial enabling policy framework and guidelines. And the implementation problems can only be solved at a local level by stakeholders working together.
As the president continuously calls upon us to do, we must take responsibility at the local level — schools in partnerships with school governing bodies and the community to ensure that schools are safe spaces over the next 2 years.
What this means for a date to “reopen” schools is that while national and provincial departments are working hard to support the readiness preparations at every school, it is each and every school community that needs to be confident about re-opening.
The more that the public is involved at a local level in considering the routines and the resources that are necessary for health safety at schools, the more that they will have confidence that their schools will be ready to receive learners.
The public confusion about readiness and when schools will open needs to be understood. The Minister announced a phased return to school of the leadership of each school before the learners return. This is a rational approach that must be supported with each new phase following from assessments of readiness for the next phase.
It was hoped that principals would return to school on 4 May — if the basics were in place. The basics included the cleaning of surfaces (which we believe is not necessary as the schools have been closed for five weeks, and the virus does not survive outside a host for more than three days), and having water in place in all schools.
The minister has been in consultation with the provincial departments and the unions to assess this readiness, and there is unevenness across the country.
Once the principals are at school to prepare for the next phase — the return of school management teams (deputies, department heads) — there would again need to be a readiness assessment. Once the SMTs return to school, there will be a considerable amount of preparation before the teachers return.
Each phase of the return of the school leadership is a progressive deepening of preparation for all of the conditions for the next phase — with the final phase being the return of learners in Grades 12 and 7 into secondary and primary schools that are thoroughly prepared educationally and in terms of health protocols to receive them — and with parents and communities being ready because they understand the steps that have been taken to safeguard learner and communities.
We also need to identify which teachers are more at risk (as described above) than others before the teachers return. We know that risk is associated with age and that older teachers are more at risk and that multiple comorbidities put that teacher at greater risk.
The process of planning which teachers need to be in place for when children return is a massive human resource management challenge. We need to first identify which teachers are at risk, then schools need to do their planning. Having teachers who are able to teach at the lower secondary level does not help if the need is for subject-specific Grade 12 teachers. Where we have an ageing population such as in Foundation Phase, we may have greater levels of comorbidity. That planning process is, in our view, even bigger than getting water and sanitiser to school.
We need to give that process time.
The process to plan how many teachers and with what subject and phase specialisations need to be in place when schools return is a massive human resource management challenge that will take some time to put in place. Schools need first to identify teachers at risk, manage the associated HR processes, then do a detailed planning of teacher needs relative to the new timetable and the teachers who cannot report for duty. Having eight teachers who can teach at the lower secondary level does not help when you need subject specialists at Grade 12.
Where we have an ageing population (such as in Foundation Phase) we may have much more complex comorbidities, and we may not have the teachers needed to replace the teachers who should not report for duty.
This process will need more time than even getting water into schools. We need to give that process time.
And it is only once the teachers return in safe conditions, that teachers can concentrate on their professional work which includes making judgments (in their teaching teams) and supported by district advisers of what content needs to be learned in the time available, how and when to assess this, and how to take forward this professional work in the context of supporting learners with the emotional, social and economic impacts of the epidemic on their lives.
Schools also need to do the work of reconceptualisation of some of the routines in school, assembly, contact sports, how to organise after school care; all of these have to be practices developed at local level based on the best information that is available and in consultation with school communities.
Achieving shared understanding among key stakeholders
The hard part of the current conversation is achieving a shared understanding of the nature of the virus, and what health steps are necessary. It is this conversation informed by correct science that needs to be collaboratively agreed between unions and the department before there can be agreement about what steps need to be in place when.
We need a shared understanding — not only between the education departments and the unions — but between all stakeholders about when it is safe for the SMT to return, when it is safe for teachers to return, and when the school is ready for the learners to return.
Those processes are complex and we have to build the confidence of every SMT to be able to ensure a safe environment; to make sure they can report as to whether or not they have the necessary resources to manage a safe environment, and to know that their reports will be responded to.
The school management teams need, from the time that the principals return, to be in close contact with their circuit managers, with their school governing bodies, with parents and with all community structures in order to communicate a sense of confidence to their immediate communities that they serve. And the school leadership must be confident to listen to concerns and to provide reassurance.
We strongly support the opening of primary and secondary schools with a limited number of learners (Grades 12 and 7) so that the necessary institutional practices can be put into place as schools gradually open. When these practices are in place and have been properly monitored and managed, we can then accelerate the return to school of children within the constraints of physical distancing at each school.
If schools are able to manage the standard operating procedures/health protocols and can do it with all the children, then that school should be permitted to reopen to all of their children. When those institutional processes and practices are in place and are properly resourced and managed and monitored, we can then accelerate the return to school of children within the constraints of physical distancing at that school and within the special timetabling arrangements that the school has developed. If a school is able to manage physical distancing, mask management, surface cleaning and hand sanitation, and it can do it with all of the children confidently, then schools should reopen to all of their children.
So when should school open?
This is not something that can be emphatically determined at national or even provincial level. Schools must open within the national guidelines when in each province and in each district the work has been done to ensure that the risks are managed so that children and teachers will be safe. That is the work that needs to be done now, and it is work that must be done with the support of parents, communities and the public. The more that the public is involved at the local level in considering and monitoring the routines and the resources that are necessary for health safety at school, the more the public will have confidence that their school is ready.
Opening schools and inequality
A hard issue that we will have to face is the way in which the SARS-CoV-2 has shone its spotlight on our inequalities at home and at school. There will be ongoing inequalities in terms of the ability of learners to learn at home — the majority do not have access to online learning, and our geography of virus “hotspots” is likely to mean that some children will be able to return to school before others.
Our constitutional imperative in terms of the absolute centrality of education as a human right means that we will have to take special measures to ensure that the children whose education is interrupted by this virus are given additional measures of support in order to catch up.
This is a shared task.
Our need for certainty must not rush decision-making. We need the education department together with their stakeholders, the teacher unions, the school governing body associations to put plans in place that will carry us through the next 18 months.
It is essential that all structures of civil society are seen as allies and stakeholders in this huge task that we face as a country. Churches, community organisations of activists at every level need to be taken into our confidence so that they share the responsibility with us for taking care of our children and our learners and ensuring that the opening of schools is something that contributes to the management of the virus and does not result in increased infections.
Even our sternest critics have views that we need to listen to.
This is a time where we all need to accept responsibility for creating the conditions for schools to return safely. Asking for firm timeframes from the Minister and from provincial MECs is asking for more certainty than is possible from above. We all need to assist by being involved in multilevel processes that are inclusive and collaborative at the level of school; at the level of community and building up from that to district-wide and provincial-wide processes.
Readiness must be built from the ground up by schools, parents, school governing bodies and community leadership working together empowered by accurate information and committed to monitoring processes at school level to identifying weakness and to addressing those weaknesses.
Our schools and our teachers need our support as schools reopen. DM/MC
Mary Metcalfe is Education and Change Director at PILO, Improving Learner Performance; Shabir Madhi is Professor of Vaccinology at the University of Witwatersrand.
risk-adjusted approach
WHO guidelines
Mary Metcalfe and Shabir Madhi
MAVERICK CITIZEN OP-ED
Virus politics and the politics of the virus: Epidemics hold up a mirror to our society
By Antoinette Handley
Global Virus Update: New York deaths surge; Biden to unveil Covid relief
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COVID SURGE
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Bheki C. Simelane
Researchers highlight Africa’s Covid-19 innovations and work to spread them further
Christi Nortier • 14 JAN
MAVERICK CITIZEN TRIBUTE
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Maverick Citizen: Coronavirus
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Covid-19: Long, tightly packed queues outside labour department add to UIF applicants’ woes
Ashraf Hendricks
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Wechsel zu ger mit URL: https://www.desy.de/aktuelles/hintergrund/40_jahre_gluon/index_ger.html
2.1: Press .
2.2: Corona Research .
2.3: News Search .
2.4: DESY in the press .
2.5: Events .
2.6: Lecture Series .
URL: https://www.desy.de/news/backgrounders/40_years_of_gluon/index_eng.html
The discovery of the gluon – a research trip back to the 70s
The year is 1979. Particle physics is still a young field and trying to emancipate itself from nuclear physics. While the so-called Standard Model of Particle Physics is gaining recognition and acceptance, it has so far been unable to establish itself unequivocally. The model suggests that all the matter in the universe is composed of just 12 elementary particles: six quarks and six leptons. These are thought to interact by means of four fundamental forces, three of which are described by the (current) Standard Model: the strong force, which acts on quarks, the weak force and the electromagnetic force – only the (very much weaker) force of gravity is ignored by the model.
Five of the six quarks that make up particles known as hadrons had by now been discovered by experiments, the most recent of these being the bottom or beauty quark in 1977. However, the forces were still causing particle physicists something of a headache: according to the Standard Model, also the forces were supposed to be mediated by particles – so-called exchange bosons. Until then, however, the only exchange particle that had been found was the photon. It is responsible for electromagnetic interactions, such as light, electrical or magnetic forces. By this time, more than 50 years had gone by since its discovery …
The 2,3-kilometre-long PETRA ring was built in open excavation method from 1976-78.
Great hopes were therefore pinned on two new, powerful particle accelerators. One, the Positron Electron Project PEP at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, SLAC, in California, was still under construction, while the other, the Positron-Electron Tandem Ring Accelerator, PETRA, at DESY, had recently gone into operation. The hope was that they would at last provide evidence that the other forces could also be explained in terms of the exchange of virtual particles.
While construction was still under way on the PEP in 1979, DESY’s accelerator team managed to store the first electron beam in PETRA by the middle of 1978. This meant the accelerator was ready to go to work more than a year earlier than originally planned, after a construction period of little more than two and a half years. That was the achievement of its excellent and extremely motivated construction team, but most of all of Gustav-Adolf Voss, the director of the project, who guided his resourceful project team with unconventional ideas and bold decisions. In order to win the race against the competing accelerator in the United States, for example, he awarded the contract to build the iron yokes for the deflecting magnets to a company that had until then produced refrigerators. It had no previous experience with building particle accelerators, but it was able to supply the necessary parts quickly and at a competitive cost. Legend has it that project meetings took place on Sundays to leave the weekdays free for working.
Overall, five international collaborations had been formed to build the particle detectors that were to record the collisions between the electrons and positrons. The detectors were called CELLO, JADE, MARK J, PLUTO and TASSO. Although DESY was involved in all these collaborations, it did not insist on adopting a particular role within the team, as was the custom at that time. Instead, the participating institutes elected a spokesperson for the collaboration, who represented the team externally and towards the host institute – a form of organisation that caught on and was later adopted throughout the field of particle physics. As PETRA only offered room for four such particle cameras, PLUTO, which had already been deployed in the accelerator DORIS, was only to collect data when PETRA first went into operation and to be replaced by whichever of the other four detectors was completed last.
Download [0 MB, 4642 x 3009]
View into the brand new PETRA accelerator tunnel.
The first particle beam having been stored by PETRA in July 1978, the first collisions between electrons and positrons were observed in September of the same year. Data-taking started in January 1979 by the detectors MARK J, PLUTO and TASSO. The fourth detector, JADE, had suffered damage during a trial run and was not expected to be able to collect data again before early summer in 1979.
To begin with, the accelerator was operated at low collision energies of around 13 gigaelectronvolts (GeV). This level was first increased to 17, and in the spring of 1979 to 27 GeV. Full of anticipation, the experimenters scanned the first data they had collected and were able to confirm some of the predictions made by the quark model. However, the search for the gluon was at the back of everyone’s minds right from the start. Indirect hints for the existence of these adhesive particles had already emerged in previous experiments; but so far no one had been able to furnish direct proof of them. Would the gluon reveal itself in the collision images of the PETRA experiments and, if so, in what form?
The TASSO detector had its home in PETRA´s South-Eastern experimental hall.
In their effort to detect gluons, the experimenters hoped that the strong nuclear force would display similarities to the electromagnetic force: just as electrons emit a photon, an electromagnetic exchange particle, when they are slowed down, a phenomenon known as bremsstrahlung, the scientists hypothesised that a quark might emit a gluon. Once created, this would have to decay into a ray of particles known as a jet. This hard gluon bremsstrahlung was to be triggered by an event inside a PETRA detector, in which the colliding particles formed two quarks, which themselves also decayed in the form of jets after emitting the gluon. Hence an electron-positron collision that gives rise to a gluon ought to be characterised by three clearly distinct jets of particles inside the detector. The laws of the conservation of energy and momentum meant that all three jets had to lie in the same plane. The hunt for this precise signature was now on.
The most optimistic gluon hunters were probably the team of the TASSO collaboration, which in addition to DESY included members from the German universities of Aachen, Bonn and Hamburg, Imperial College, Oxford University and the Rutherford Lab in the UK, the Weizmann Institute in Israel and the University of Wisconsin in the United States.
Researchers Sau Lan Wu and Bjørn Wiik have a break during the cabeling of the drift chambers of the TASSO detector.
Sau Lan Wu and Georg Zobernik, from the University of Wisconsin, had written an extremely efficient program to analyse the collisions in which quarks were formed, and had also calculated that it ought to be possible to create gluons in PETRA by means of bremsstrahlung at collision energies above around 22 GeV. Finally, in June 1979, a few days before a conference in Bergen (Norway), the TASSO scientists identified the first event consisting of three distinctive jets in their data, as Event 13177 of Run 447. Freshly analysed, so to speak, Bjørn Wiik took it along to the “Neutrino 79” in Bergen on 18 June and placed it on the overhead projector as the last transparency of his presentation “First Results from PETRA”. It was to become the transparency with the greatest repercussions: the gluon had seen the light of (the scientific) day.
Typical 3 jet event in the TASSO detector: Two quarks produced in an electron-positron collision emit a gluon; each of the particles turn into a jet of particles.
Two months later, at the Lepton Photon Conference Chicago, all four PETRA collaborations were able to present analysed results displaying the three-jet signature in a single plane. If there had been any doubt before then, whether the events presented might simply be statistical fluctuations, it was now clear once and for all: the gluon, the mediator of the strong interaction, had been discovered in the summer of 1979.
In 1995, the TASSO scientists Paul Söding, Bjørn Wiik, Günter Wolf and Sau Lan Wu were awarded the High Energy and Particle Physics Prize by the European Physical Society for this discovery. Together with the members of their collaboration and the other experiments – JADE, MARK J and PLUTO – they ensured that the three-jet event would forever remain linked to the PETRA collider.
Not only did many of the scientists involved go on to pursue impressive careers after the discovery, the PETRA accelerator itself has also continued to create quite a sensation to this day. Having spent 15 years living in the shadows of the electron-proton collider HERA, as its pre-accelerator, it is now living its third life as PETRA III, the world’s most brilliant X-ray source powered by a storage ring.
Meanwhile, the gluon remains a special star of particle physics: altogether, eight different such force carriers exist, only differing in their colour charge. Gluons can themselves emit gluons (in a sense, producing offspring), or else create particles together with other gluons – in other words, they are very gregarious. Scientists came up with quantum chromodynamics (QCD) as a set of rules to describe the strong nuclear force carried by gluons. This theory describes strong interactions with impressive accuracy, and to this day remains an important foundation for understanding particle physics as a whole.
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Last Updated: 29th March 2016 by mary
Statutory Rights Under FOI
Under the FOI Act 2014, anyone is entitled to apply for access to information not otherwise publicly available. Each person has a right of:
access to records held by DIAS;
correction of personal information relating to oneself held by DIAS where it is inaccurate, incomplete or misleading; and
access to reasons for decisions made by DIAS directly affecting the person.
The text of the Freedom of Information legislation may be inspected at the website of the Office of the Information Commissioner at www.oic.gov.ie. The following records come within the scope of the Acts:
Records containing personal data on individuals; All records relating to personal information held by DIAS irrespective of when created.
Records containing personnel data;
Personnel records of serving staff created from 21 April, 1995, and those created prior to that date where they are being used, or proposed to be used, in a way which adversely affects or may affect the person involved.
Other records.
Any other records created in DIAS from the commencement of the FOI Act (21 April 1998), that are not covered by one of the exemptions in the Act. However, where records created after 21 April 1998 cannot be understood without access to records created before this date, then there is a right of access to the earlier records.A record will not come within the scope of the FOI Act where it is:
already publicly available
available under another enactment (except the Data Protection Act: requests for personal data may be made under either Act)
In some cases, access may be refused to some categories of records under the exemptions contained in the Act.
DIAS currently makes information routinely available to the public about its functions and activities. This information continues to be available without the need to use the FOI Act. The most important available sources of information on Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies are:
DIAS Annual Reports and Research Reports
Strategy Statement
Other publications of DIAS
DIAS website
Information brochures and other promotional material produced from time to time
Category: Administration
← Introduction
Making an FOI Request →
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Big Dog Ferry returns to the water for another year
Published: 10:48 AM April 6, 2014 Updated: 1:40 PM October 9, 2020
The sun was shining as passengers embarked on their first Big Dog Ferry trip of the year yesterday, setting off from Beccles down the River Waveney.
The ferry took to the water for the launch of the summer season, equipped with new padded seats, a new engine and a new co-skipper.
The Big Dog Ferry is run by Beccles Lido Limited and runs between Beccles Lido and the historic Locks Inn at Geldeston.
The ferry, which can carry up to 12 passengers, takes you on a relaxing 40 minute boat journey along the beautiful stretch of the River Waveney, with the opportunity to spot otters, marsh harriers and kingfishers along the route.
Skipper Carl Murray, whose 22-year-old son Mark has now also joined the crew, said: 'We had a great season in 2013 although it was marred towards the end with engine problems. But now we have our new engine we expect the Big Dog to go from strength to strength.
'This bit of the river is a hidden gem. Because of the low iron bridge it stops a lot of people coming down here in their big boats so we pretty much have the river to ourselves.
'It's on a lot of people's doorsteps but some people have still never seen it.'
The ferry was set up by Mark Ford in 2006, but after three years it was stopped for two seasons before Paul Aldis, of Worlingham, took on the responsibility and set up at Beccles Lido. When Mr Aldis announced in 2012 he was unable to continue due to health reasons, Beccles Lido Limited stepped in to save it with the help of the Broads Authority and Graham Elliott, Waveney district councillor for Beccles.
Like last year, there will be five return trips each day during peak holiday weeks starting at 11am and returning at noon, which run on the hour thereafter. During off peak there will be two return trips each day.
Passengers have the choice of disembarking at The Locks Inn to enjoy a meal or drink, or after a short stop they can stay on board for a round trip. Alternatively you can buy a one-way ticket and walk back along the footpath.
Trips over the Easter weekend will also coincide with the Locks Inn Easter Beer Festival, which runs from April 17 to April 20, where local craft beers, ales and ciders will be on offer alongside a full line up of local bands.
A funrdraising tribute concert in aid of the Big Dog Ferry was held at Beccles Public Hall on Saturday night, to help cover the costs of running and continuing to improve the service. The money will go towards paying for the new engine which cost more than £3,000.
For more information and the full timetable call Big Dog Ferry on 07532072761 or visit www.bigdogferry.co.uk
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Norfolk charity’s £1.3m boost will help vulnerable children leaving care homes
Published: 4:26 PM July 7, 2017 Updated: 11:09 AM October 10, 2020
Norfolk charity Break has been given a �1.3m grant to help children leaving care. Pic: Break. - Credit: Break
Vulnerable young people in the region are to get extra support, after a Norfolk charity was given £1.3m by the government to improve services for those leaving children's homes.
Fighting for Futures logo - Credit: Archant
Children's charity Break was awarded the Department for Education grant to help and support young people leaving children's homes in Norfolk and Cambridgeshire.
Watchdogs from Ofsted, who twice rated Norfolk County Council's children's services inadequate, have previously been critical of Norfolk County Council's services for care leavers.
A recent monitoring report, while acknowledging improvements, once again highlighted issues with care leavers, including difficulties getting support from adult services.
But the Break funding will pay for a pilot project in Norfolk and Cambridgeshire to test out ways to support children leaving care over the next two and a half years.
Rachel Cowdry, director of business development at Break, said: 'This is a really exciting opportunity for us to work in partnership with Norfolk County Council and Cambridgeshire County Council to support some of the most vulnerable young people in our counties.
'Break has already been supporting our own care leavers for five years through our Moving On Team.
'The Department for Education grant will enable us to develop this project to benefit many more vulnerable young people.
'We hope that this project will have positive repercussions for care leavers in our region and beyond'.
Young adults leaving care are much more likely, than their peers, to struggle in all aspects of their lives such as finding and sustaining work, physical and mental health, and building positive relationships.
Sir Martin Narey, the former chief executive of Barnardo's, conducted an independent review of children's residential care in England, published in July 2016.
This report stated the importance for the young people to 'stay close' to their children's home and the trusted relationships they had with the staff after they had to leave.
The Break project will help do that, providing new training for care home staff and more accommodation for care leavers with intensive support.
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Stradsett set for one of Norfolk’s biggest vintage tractor rallies
James Laybourn
Published: 2:53 PM April 4, 2017 Updated: 10:59 AM October 10, 2020
The 2016 Stradsett Vintage Rally. Picture:Ian Burt
Stradsett Park will be playing host to the Vintage Rally at the end of this month for a two day celebration for all things mechanical.
The rally, put on by the National Vintage Tractor and Engine Club, is in its 41st year and will take place at the park, just off the A134 from Sunday, April 30 - Monday, May 1.
The main attraction will be a large ring in the centre of the grounds which will show a variety of exhibitions.
Displays will include military and ex-military Land Rovers, heavy horse demonstrations, working Spaniel demonstrations and large parades of various machines including tractors, motorcycles, cars, commercial vehicles, sprayers and spreaders.
Other attractions will include numerous trading stands, a fairground, an exhibit on horticultural history and displays of a wide range of vintage vehicles.
Half of proceeds on the door will go to support the work of the East Anglian Air Ambulance, which provides a lifeline to those injured in rural areas.
The rally also boasts a beer tent which will host a hog roast on Sunday night. Guests will be treated to a helping of pork with various side dishes while being serenaded by Perfect Vintage, a vocal duo singing hits from the 1950s and 1960s.
'It's our 41st show and we've had some great successes in the past,' said rally organiser Gordon Carson.
'We hope to have an event that people will look back on and say: 'We had fun and we raised a lot of money.'
There will also be a pulling contest in which modified mini-tractors compete to see which can pull a sled the furthest.
The sled will gradually increase in resistance the further along the track it gets, requiring astounding amounts of horsepower to complete the course.
The National Vintage Tractor and Engine Club was founded in 1967 and has united people through their common interest in the preservation and modification of vintage vehicles.
Almost 50 years later, its ranks include enthusiasts from all four corners of the globe.
Entry to the West Norfolk show is £7.50 for adults with free entry for children.
Stradsett Park is located where the A134 crosses the A1122 to the East of Downham Market. The postcode is PE33 9HA.
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As big as it gets as King’s Lynn Town head to Kettering for top-two clash
Published: 3:52 PM December 28, 2017 Updated: 3:04 PM October 10, 2020
Ian Culverhouse's King's Lynn Town team face their biggest test of the season on Monday when they travel to Kettering. Picture: Matthew Usher
King's Lynn Town have a day off on Saturday, but begin their New Year with a genuine contender for the league's biggest match of the season.
The Linnets head to Latimer Park, home of Kettering Town in a battle between the top two sides in the division (3pm kick-off).
With just one automatic promotion spot up for grabs the race for top spot is already warming up nicely.
Kettering are just a point behind after Lynn dropped valuable home points in a Boxing Day draw with St Ives.
The Poppies, meanwhile, returned to form after suffering their first home league defeat at the hands of Hereford with a 6-0 drubbing of struggling Dunstable Town a week ago and followed it up with a 4-2 win at St Neots Town on Tuesday.
Kettering boss Marcus Law believes an 'exciting afternoon' is in store – but knows there is a bigger picture as he looks to better the December tally of 14 points from a possible 21.
If they can do that, Law believes Kettering will be well on the way to securing at least a play-off place.
'If we can have another month like that then I think it will go a long way towards securing a play-off place,' he told the Northants Telegraph.
'The aim, as it always is, will be to try to gain maximum points from the month.
'If we can get somewhere close to that then I think we will be looking good for a top-five finish and then, further to that, being in contention for the title.
'Hereford and Slough have a lot of games to play in January and by the end of the month, they will have nearly caught up so the league table will have a much clearer look to it. From our point of view, we just have to keep going.
'King's Lynn have one of the best away records in the league in terms of points they have gained and we have one of the best home records so it is set up perfectly.
'Hopefully it will be a big crowd, hopefully the weather is kind and if it all comes together then it should be a very exciting afternoon.'
It will be the first time Lynn and Kettering have met this season – the return at The Walks is scheduled for April 2, by which time the picture may possibly be a little bit clearer.
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Archie Mair or Alex Street? Who should be Lynn number one?
Published: 2:39 PM October 14, 2020 Updated: 7:06 PM November 22, 2020
Archie Mair cuts a dejected figure after Boreham Wood scored their third goal of the game Picture: Ian Burt - Credit: Archant
Norwich City loan keeper Archie Mair has shipped eight goals in his first two games for King’s Lynn Town - and found himself bang in the middle of a heated debate among fans.
Mair was brought in during the summer, on a season-long loan, to provide competition for Alex Street.
Street has been the undisputed number one for several seasons now and is a popular figure among the Linnets supporter base as well as with his team-mates.
But he has rarely had any direct competition for his place - until now.
The 29-year-old was between the posts for the opening night draw against Yeovil, when he was beaten by twice, and then for the 3-2 win at Maidenhead United, where both the hosts’ goals came from the penalty spot. But he found himself on the bench for the 5-0 defeat at Solihull Moors on Saturday and then watching from the stands as Mair was once again preferred for the home game against Boreham Wood on Tuesday when Lynn were beaten 3-0.
It has prompted social media questions over the decision, some questioning Norwich City’s influence on team selection, although before the season began Linnets boss Ian Culverhouse was adamant that there was no gentleman’s agreement in place and every player would be picked on his merits.
Culverhouse has been impressed with Mair, 19, despite the goals that have been scored against him.
“Archie, I thought, was magnificent tonight, he really was outstanding,” he said after the Boreham Wood defeat.
Lynn were 2-0 down at the break and had Jamar Loza sent off – and it could have been worse on the goals front.
“Easily,” agreed the Linnets boss, whose plan for the second half was all about keeping the ball away from Mair. “It was damage limitation, it was just trying to keep the ball in front of us. We still conceded and if it wasn’t for Archie we would have lost by a bigger deficit.”
One again, Culverhouse insisted it was a huge learning curve learning curve for his National League newcomers, against a full-time side who finished fifth in the table last season.
“A very good side who are always up there and around it in the play-offs,” he said. “Proper men who know how to play the game and we have to got to learn.”
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Toxic algae threat may increase in Norfolk Broads, UEA research finds
David Freezer David.Freezer@Archant.Co.Uk
Published: 4:30 AM September 9, 2013 Updated: 1:39 PM October 9, 2020
Blue Green algae now hits Whitlingham Broad on the southern edge of Norwich - Sept 2011. Picture: Mike Page.
The threat of toxic blue-green algae could grow if the planet's temperature continues to rise, new research from the University of East Anglia has found.
Blue Green Algae at Ranworth Broad. Picture: Mike Page.
The UEA research shows that rising ocean temperatures could upset natural cycles of carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen and phosphorous: but the increasing algae could also affect the Norfolk Broads.
A blue-green algae alert closes Whitlingham Little Broad to people hoping to enjoy the bank holiday weather in August 2001.
The UEA findings, which have been published in the Nature Climate Change journal, reveal that water temperature has a direct impact on maintaining the delicate plankton ecosystem of our oceans.
Plankton plays an important role in the ocean's carbon cycle by removing half of all CO2 from the atmosphere during photosynthesis and storing it deep under the sea – isolated from the atmosphere for centuries.
Researchers from UEA's School of Environmental Sciences and School of Computing Sciences investigated phytoplankton, microscopic plant-like organisms which rely on photosynthesis to reproduce and grow.
Lead researcher Dr Thomas Mock, said: 'We are talking about a global phenomenon here and I'm afraid almost all ecosystems will be affected by this, especially marine ones.
'Marine algae, fresh water algae, algae which live in streams, all will be affected by temperature in very similar ways.
'If warming continues at the current rate then it will affect the Broads as well, but it is very complex, it is not just a simple mechanism, it is a multi-layer change of ecosystem, so we can't be sure what will happen in the next decade or several decades.
'But when the Broads warm up, all the algae in the Broads will be affected.'
Dr Mock said if the necessary nutrients were depleted enough in the varied waterways of the Broads, then blue-green algae could have a 'terrible' effect.
The blue-green algae is capable of producing toxins which have been known to kill wild animals, farm livestock and fish, and previously broads at the likes of Ranworth and Whitlingham have had signs put up to warn visitors of the potential health hazard.
Collaborators from the University of Exeter, co-authors of the study, developed computer generated models to create a global ecosystem model that took into account world ocean temperatures, 1.5 million plankton DNA sequences taken from samples, and biochemical data.
'We found that temperature plays a critical role in driving the cycling of chemicals in marine micro-algae. It affects these reactions as much as nutrients and light, which was not known before,' said Dr Mock.
'Under warmer temperatures, marine micro-algae do not seem to produce as many ribosomes as under lower temperatures. Ribosomes join up the building blocks of proteins in cells. They are rich in phosphorous and if they are being reduced, this will produce higher ratios of nitrogen compared to phosphorous, increasing the demand for nitrogen in the oceans.
'This will eventually lead to a greater prevalence of blue-green algae called cyanobacteria which fix atmospheric nitrogen.'
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Thu, Oct 4, 2018
Julian Korek JulianKorek
Read Global Enforcement Review 2018
The huge benchmark manipulation cases of recent years still cast a long shadow on financial services regulators’ enforcement activity. A shadow from which some regulators are only now just emerging. However, the signs are that a new regulatory enforcement landscape is coming into view.
On one hand, many of the regulators’ priorities are familiar and well worn. Corporate governance, disclosures to clients and markets, fraud, anti-money laundering (AML), and unlicensed activity remain key areas of focus and activity, with the number of enforcement cases in these areas consistently high across the last five years. On the other hand, a new determination to hold individuals to account and the new challenges presented by technology, are beginning to shape a new enforcement landscape.
Moreover, there has been no obvious dramatic change in enforcement activity when it comes to fines. After the surge in 2013 and 2014 comprising the bulk of the Libor and foreign exchange (FX) abuse cases, fine totals fell sharply. They have since edged up, rising to US$26.5 billion globally last year, from US$20.5 billion in 2015, under what looks like a new normal.
The U.S. regulators continue to account for most of these fines – 95% of the total global sum of fines against firms last year, and 96% of the sum since 2013. These large U.S. fines are also frequently levied against non-U.S. headquartered institutions. The perception that the U.S. is continuing to act as ‘Globo-cop’ in the industry may not be far wrong.
Look more closely, though, and while some things stay the same, the evolving financial services industry presents challenges in new areas.
New Priorities New Players
First, some other genuinely new regulatory priorities are emerging. Most obvious, is increasing concern from regulators globally around cybersecurity and data privacy. Firms must now contend with not only supervisory authorities such as the UK’s Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO), given increased powers through Europe’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), but also financial regulators focusing – and fining – on these issues.
Technological developments, such as those around cryptocurrencies (a priority for the U.S. Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) and the UK’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) among others), will also continue to present new challenges.
Priority is also being given globally to protecting retirement savings and investments, which will inevitably be an increasing area of enforcement focus for many regulators in the years ahead. Not surprisingly, this is most pronounced in those countries with well-developed private sector pensions such as the UK, U.S. and Australia. The FCA for instance has a goal to protect older savers from ill-advised transfers out of defined benefit pension schemes and other challenges arising from “pensions freedoms” introduced in recent years.
Second, the dominance of the U.S. at the top of the enforcement league table and a focus on fine amounts obscures a more complex picture. Some smaller but still significant activity can easily be missed, which shows the wider adoption of public enforcement action by regulators. We have seen, for example, an uptick in enforcement from certain regulators, like the Central Bank of Ireland and the two French regulators, the AMF and the PSRA, and action from more recent arrivals to the enforcement world, like ESMA.
Recent notable action can be lost in the totals, for example:
The UK’s FCA used its powers under Section 384 of the Financial Services and Markets Act for the first time to require Tesco, a listed non-financial services company, to pay compensation to investors for market abuse in relation to a trading update.1
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) charged businessman Maksim Zaslavskiy and two companies with defrauding investors in relation to initial coin offerings purportedly backed by investments in real estate and diamonds, the first action of its kind by the SEC.2
France’s AMF fined Natixis Asset Management €35 million3 (its largest on record) for breaching its professional obligations in relation to the management of formula funds.
ESMA’s fine of €1.24 million against Moody’s Corporation, a credit ratings agency, for4 two breaches of the Credit Rating Agencies Regulation.
Hong Kong’s Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) in March 2018 intervened to halt an initial coin offering by Black Cell Technology, over concerns that the firm had engaged in unauthorized promotional activities and unlicensed regulated activities.5
Finally, penalty amounts only give part of the story. Even in the U.S., the figure is heavily skewed by a few big cases. Whilst, fine amounts tell us a fair amount about the size of organizations involved, and perhaps the gravity of the breaches, but they tell less about the overall level of activity of the regulators when it comes to enforcement.
In fact, the total number of larger fines issued against firms globally tells a different story. It actually rose in 2015 (while fine amounts fell) but has been falling since: between 2015 and 2017, the number of significant fines fell by 30%.
Making it personal
The declining number of penalties and fine amounts compared with previous years arguably point to a weakening of regulators’ faith in the ability of big fines alone to change behavior, or at least a recognition of the importance of using other levers.
Those levers include, more creative methods to address failures, notably with an increased emphasis on restitution; and, perhaps more significantly, a focus on individual accountability: In fact, penalties against individuals accounts for almost a third (31%) of the total cases globally between 2013 and 2017. This has been rising steadily year on year apart from a drop of 13% in 2017.
That is only going to grow. At present there is still a relative dearth of large fines against individuals outside the U.S. Of the total US$627.9 million in large penalties imposed against individuals globally last year, US$621.3 million (99%) was by U.S. regulators. But change is coming.
New rules are bedding in with the UK Senior Managers and Certification Regime (SMCR) and Hong Kong’s Managers in Charge (MIC) rules. Singapore looks likely to join them with recently proposed Guidelines on Individual Accountability and Conduct from the MAS. Elsewhere, regulators have also been clear that individuals are in the firing line, not just for breaches and abuse, but also for failures for which they may not be directly responsible, but that happen on their watch.
How soon that change is seen in the enforcement figures is uncertain: The regulatory pipeline is long and a change in direction from the regulators is often only felt – or at least becomes apparent in enforcement figures – approximately two or three years on average in most jurisdictions (and in some case more) down the line. But, with massive fines against firms no longer retaining the power to shock, regulators are increasingly looking to alternative, more impactful approaches such as business restrictions, prohibitions and criminal actions against individuals.
For those individuals concerned, it might be that, in the years ahead, 2017-18 comes to be seen as the calm before the storm.
1 https://www.fca.org.uk/news/press-releases/tesco-pay-redress-market-abuse
2 https://www.sec.gov/news/press-release/2017-185-0
3 http://www.amf-france.org/en_US/Actualites/Communiques-de-presse/Comission-des-sanctions?docId=workspace%3A%2F%2FSpacesStore%2F8e8922df-a8c9-4717-9a45-c8a0daf8dd9d
4 https://www.esma.europa.eu/press-news/esma-news/esma-fines-moody%E2%80%99s-%E2%82%AC124-million-credit-ratings-breaches
5 https://www.sfc.hk/edistributionWeb/gateway/EN/news-and-announcements/news/doc?refNo=18PR29
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Rest in peace, Dame Olivia de Havilland (1916-2020)
UmbrellaFish
Post subject: Rest in peace, Dame Olivia de Havilland (1916-2020)
Olivia de Havilland, the delicate beauty and last remaining star of Gone With the Wind who received her two acting Oscars after helping to take down Hollywood’s studio system with a landmark legal victory in the 1940s, died Sunday. She was 104.
De Havilland died of natural causes at her home in Paris, where she had lived for more than 60 years, publicist Lisa Goldberg announced.
She was the older sister (by 15 months) and rival of fellow Academy Award-winning actress Joan Fontaine, who died in December 2013 at age 96. Fontaine won her only Oscar in 1942 for Suspicion, beating out fellow nominee de Havilland.
De Havilland captured her best actress Oscar statuettes for To Each His Own (1946), in which she played an unwed mother who is forced to give up her baby and loves him from afar, and The Heiress (1949), where she starred as a vulnerable woman who falls hard for a handsome journeyman (Montgomery Clift) against the wishes of her emotionally abusive father (Ralph Richardson). She was the oldest surviving Oscar-winning actor.
For her performance as the sweet and suffering Melanie in Gone With the Wind (1939), de Havilland earned her first Oscar nom, but in the supporting actress category, she lost to fellow castmember Hattie McDaniel.
She also was nominated for her turns in Hold Back the Dawn (1941), where she played a spinsterish schoolteacher wooed by Charles Boyer, and The Snake Pit (1948), a harrowing film that had de Havilland's character in an asylum for reasons she can’t recall. It was one of the earliest films to attempt a realistic portrayal of mental illness and perhaps the most challenging role of her fabled career.
In addition to her award-winning turns, de Havilland was a true star, playing in a number of the day’s most popular movies. She appeared in nine films at Warner Bros. opposite the dashing Errol Flynn, including The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), where she played a sweet Maid Marian, and she teamed with director Michael Curtiz nine times as well.
Late Turner Classic Movies host and THR columnist Robert Osborne wonderfully captured the essence of de Havilland and her career (they were close friends and spoke almost every Sunday for years) in a video when the actress was named the channel's "Star of the Month" in July 2016.
But for all her work onscreen, de Havilland’s greatest impact on Hollywood came away from the soundstage in 1943 when she sued Warner Bros. to gain freedom from the studio after her seven-year contract had expired.
At the time, Hollywood lawyers took the position that a contract should be treated as suspended during the periods when the artist was not actually working. This interpretation meant that, in de Havilland’s case, seven years of actual service would be spread over a much longer period.
Angered when Warners tried to extend her deal after she was suspended for rejecting a series of roles she deemed were inferior, de Havilland sued the studio. In 1945, the courts ruled that not only was de Havilland free, but all artists were to be limited to the calendar terms of their deals.
“I was deeply gratified when, returning to MGM after his long and distinguished military service, Jimmy Stewart asked the court on the basis of that decision for a ruling on his contract — and thus the contracts of other actor-veterans — and received, of course, a favorable verdict,” de Havilland said in a 1992 interview with Screen Actor.
“When I won the final round of my case on Feb. 3, 1945, every actor was now confirmed as free of his long-term contract at the end of its seven-year term, regardless of how many suspensions he had taken during those seven years. No one thought I would win, but after I did, flowers, letters and telegrams arrived from my fellow actors. This was wonderfully rewarding.”
It's now known in legal circles as The De Havilland Decision.
Still feisty in the days before her 101st birthday, the actress sued FX and Ryan Murphy Productions over how she was portrayed by Catherine Zeta-Jones in Feud: Bette and Joan, but an appeals court ruled against her in March 2018. Then, neither the California Supreme Court nor the U.S. Supreme Court thought intervention was warranted.
Olivia Mary de Havilland was born in Tokyo on July 1, 1916. Her father, Walter, was a British patent attorney with a thriving practice, while her mother, Lilian, was a sometime actress who wanted her girls to follow in her footsteps.
At age 3, de Havilland went with her mom and sister to live in California and was educated at a convent. Following high school, she enrolled at Mills College in Oakland, where she became interested in acting. In a Hollywood Bowl production of Midsummer Night’s Dream, the impresario Max Reinhardt, who was casting a film production of the play for Warners, spotted her (an understudy, she was playing Hermia when Gloria Stuart dropped out) and signed her up.
In quick succession, de Havilland co-starred in four movies in 1935: Alibi Ike, The Irish in Us, the Midsummer film and Captain Blood, her first collaboration with Flynn and Curtiz. She then toiled in a number of lackluster productions in the late '30s, including two more with Flynn in 1939, Dodge City and The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex.
The radiant de Havilland got the chance of a lifetime when Warners lent her out to David O. Selznick and MGM for GWTW. (Fontaine once said that she was the one who recommended de Havilland for the part after she was considered too “stylish.” De Havilland also took Selznick's wife out to tea at the Brown Derby in an effort to have her sway her husband.)
As the decent, self-effacing Melanie, de Havilland was perfect.
“Playing good girls in the ’30s was difficult when the fad was to play bad girls,” she once said. “Actually, I think playing bad girls is a bore; I have always had more luck with good girl roles because they require more from an actress.”
After GWTW, de Havilland returned to Warners and made several forgettable films. She landed her next great role — again, it was on a loan-out, this time to Paramount — for Hold Back the Dawn, which resulted in her second Oscar nom, this time for best actress. But she lost to Fontaine, who won for her turn in Alfred Hitchcock’s Suspicion.
The sisters were seated at the same table when Fontaine’s name was called. Biographer Charles Higham wrote that as Fontaine came forward to accept her award, she rejected de Havilland’s attempt to congratulate her and that de Havilland was offended. In fact, the sisters never got along since childhood.
“I stared across the table, where Olivia was sitting directly opposite me. ‘Get up there, get up there,’ Olivia whispered commandingly. Now what had I done?” Fontaine recalled in her 1978 autobiography, No Bed of Roses. “All the animus we’d felt toward each other as children, the hair-pullings, the savage wrestling watches, the time Olivia fractured my collarbone, all came rushing back in kaleidoscopic imagery. My paralysis was total.”
Five years later, after de Havilland won her Oscar and completed her acceptance speech, she was approached backstage by Fontaine. But, as was immortalized in a photo snapped by Hymie Fink of Photoplay, Olivia appeared to turn away and snub her.
De Havilland’s press agent Henry Rogers told reporters: “The girls haven’t spoken to each other for four months. Miss de Havilland had no wish to have her picture taken with her sister. This goes back for years and years, ever since they were kids — a case of two sisters who don’t have a great deal in common.”
The sisters quarreled (or didn't speak to each other) in the subsequent decades, according to many reports. Fontaine told THR's Scott Feinberg shortly before her death that “this ‘Olivia feud’ has always irritated me because it has no basis. To this day it has no basis!”
But de Havilland noted her sister, while "brilliant and very gifted," had "an astigmatism in her perception of both people and situations, which could cause and did cause great distress in others," she said in an interview with People magazine as she neared her 100th birthday. "I was among those, and eventually this brought about an estrangement between us which did not change in the last years of her life."
After her standout work in the ’40s, de Havilland’s screen appearances became increasingly rare. Her subsequent movies included My Cousin Rachel (1952) and such generic fare as Libel (1959), Hush … Hush, Sweet Charlotte (1964), Lady in a Cage (1964) and The Adventurers (1969). Her last movie performance came in 1979’s The Fifth Musketeer.
De Havilland also appeared in a handful of TV movies during the 1980s, including Murder Is Easy, The Royal Romance of Charles and Diana and, in her last credited role, 1988’s The Woman He Loved, playing Queen Anne.
She chafed at the pace and the mentality of TV producers and production companies.
“The TV business is soul-crushing, talent-destroying and human-being destroying,” she said. “These men in their black towers don’t know what they are doing. It’s slave labor. There is no elegance left in anybody. They have no taste. Movies are being financed by conglomerates, which take a write-off if they don’t work. The only people who fight for what the public deserves are artists.”
Since the mid-’50s, de Havilland lived in Paris with her husband, the late French journalist Pierre Galante, far from Hollywood and its cult of celebrity. “Famous people feel that they must perpetually be on the crest of the wave, not realizing that it is against all the rules of life,” she once said. “You can’t be on top all the time, it isn’t natural.”
She and Galante were married from 1955 until his death in 1979. She earlier was married to screenwriter and novelist Marcus Goodrich from 1946 until their divorce in 1953. Survivors include her daughter, Gisele, son-in-law Andrew and niece Deborah.
She penned a satirical book, Every Frenchman Has One. Published in 1962, it was a wry autobiographical account of her attempts to adapt to French life. In 1965, she became the first female jury president at the Cannes Film Festival.
In the summer of 2010, de Havilland recorded an introduction that was played at an Academy screening of The Dark Mirror (1946), in which she played twins, one evil and one good. In one of her final public appearances, she attended the Cesar Awards in France in February 2011 and received a standing ovation.
In the 2004 documentary Melanie Remembers: Reflections by Olivia de Havilland, she explained why she wanted to play Melanie when most everyone else in Hollywood was going after the Scarlett role.
"It was the character of Melanie that attracted me most because of her admirable qualities and the values that meant so much to her and meant so much to me," she said. "I wanted to perpetuate these values. And the perfect way to do that of course would be to play the part of Melanie."
Memorial contributions may be made to the American Cathedral in Paris.
https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/ ... 104-720040
Post subject: Re: Rest in peace, Dame Olivia de Havilland (1916-2020)
She lived a much longer life on this earth than most any of us ever do, but it is still so sad to see one of the last truly great stars of Hollywood’s Golden Age pass away. I was just quoting a line from one of her sillier movies from the 60’s yesterday, “Help! I am trapped in a small, private elevator!” (just for fun— I was not personally trapped in a small, private elevator). But of course, like most people when I think of de Havilland the first image that comes to mind is that of Melanie Hamilton in Gone With the Wind. May she rest in peace.
blackcauldron85
Wow, the end of an era. Didn't you just post a picture of her the other day? RIP.
Yes, for her birthday although the picture itself was, I think, about 10 years old.
Feel like I’ll have to watch one of movies tonight. I think maybe Robin Hood. I wish I owned The Heiress!
I thought the same thing, bc85, as far as UF having posted that picture not very long ago.
It's a shame to hear she's passed. At least it sounds like she had a good, long life? So many people have gone the past few weeks, between her, Naya Rivera, and Regis Philbin. I liked what she had to say about how playing good characters asked more of an actress. I think that's true. It's much more difficult to make a protagonist interesting and defined.
Yes, it’s hard to think of someone who could have lived a more charmed life than Olivia de Havilland. She won two Oscars, she starred in arguably the most famous movie of all time, she stood up to her studio bosses in court and won, she was made a Dame at 101, and she got to spend many years in retirement, fat and happy in France, finally dying peacefully in her sleep at 104. Who could ask for more?
The feud between herself and her sister is probably the bitterest part of her story, but many people have strained relationships with their siblings. It is sad, though, that they never seemed to reconcile before Fontaine’s own passing in 2013 at the age of 96.
I just finished watching her in Robin Hood. Although I’ve seen more on TV, I don’t own many Olivia de Havilland movies (Gone With the Wind, Dodge City, and The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex are all I own, and the last one arrived in the mail unplayable). So I looked through some streaming services for what they had of de Havilland, and this is what I found if anyone else is interested:
Lady in a Cage (Hulu)
The Adventures of Robin Hood (HBO Max)
Gone With the Wind (HBO Max)
Netflix and Peacock did not turn up any de Havilland movies when I searched.
Redadoodles
I loved Olivia in Gone With The Wind, Captain Blood, Robin Hood, The Heiress and Anastasia. Her performance in Lady in a Cage is hilarious...
Also, her chemistry with Errol Flynn was wonderful:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dHyI09VjClE&t=157s
www.instagram.com/redadoodles
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two questions investors should ask to stop worrying
Most of us realise that worrying is irrational and counter-productive. Yet we can’t seem to stop ourselves, and research consistently shows that we worry about money and financial issues more than just about anything else.
CARL RICHARDS is a financial adviser, writer and podcaster who specialises in behavioural finance. Carl is from Utah but is currently living in New Zealand. He says there are two simple questions we should ask ourselves whenever we find ourselves fretting about something:
Does it matter? and
Can I do anything about it?
If the answer to either question is No, we should be tough with ourselves and stop worrying about it.
In this interview, Carl talks about our tendency to worry about the wrong things and the danger of perfectionism. He also discusses the importance of changing our attitude towards risk and volatility.
Carl, you’re renowned for your sketches for the New York Times, which illustrate simple, but important, concepts that people need to understand when thinking about money. Perhaps your best-known sketch is about the need to focus on things that matter and that we have control over — and stop worrying about everything else. How did that sketch come about?
That’s one of my favourite images and it seems to be one of the most popular. The story behind it was that my son, who was ten at the time, was playing lacrosse. My Mom came to watch. It was a beautiful, sunny fall day, with a crisp blue sky. It was a great day for a father to be watching one of their kids do something cool, and it should haver been an amazing day for my Mom.
But I could see as she walked to the game, like a hundred metres away, that something was wrong. She sat down and I said, “Mum what’s wrong?” She said, “Oh, nothing,” and I said, “No really, what’s wrong?” She said, “The dollar. I’m just so worried about the dollar. It could collapse.”
OK, my Mom, as far as I’m concerned, controls the universe, but she has no control over what happens to the dollar. So we started talking about that intersection of these two circles — things that matter and things that you can control. Because if it doesn’t matter, why are you worried about it? And if you can’t control it, why are you worried about it, other than to plan around it? If we can think about the intersection of things that both matter and that we can control, that’s really where we should focus, because that’s what will make a difference.
In your experience as an adviser, how much time and effort do people spend worrying about things that either don’t matter, or that they can’t do anything about?
I think the majority of an investor’s time, like the majority of a human’s time, is spent worrying about things that either don’t matter or that we have very little control over. The good news with investing, and with wealth management more broadly, is that if you were to make list of all the things that actually mattered, most of them are things we have control over — for example, asset allocation and our behaviour.
There is one noticeable thing that matters a lot but that we do not have control over, and that’s our return, in other words, the markets. We spend 80% of our time talking and worrying about the one thing that we can’t control. I’m just suggesting that we should maybe flip that a little bit. It doesn’t mean we should totally ignore the markets. I’m just saying, why don’t we spend a little bit more time on the things we do have control over that also matter?
It’s very difficult not to worry, though, when there’s extreme market volatility and stock prices are falling fast. That’s when having a financial adviser you can talk to really helps, isn’t it?
Yes, I think it is really important for the adviser to talk to the client about the nature of the financial markets, and to make sure the client understands the words you’re using. Often the industry, and even really good financial advisers, will use words like risk and volatility and assume that everybody will know what they mean. But most people don’t know what they mean. I know I wouldn’t if I weren’t in this industry.
As a client, the one thing I think you should feel absolutely sure you can you say to your adviser is, “Hold on. Back up and explain that.” Any good adviser will appreciate it, and if they don’t appreciate it, find a different one. It makes a lot of sense just to stop, if you don’t understand something, particularly around risk, which is incredibly important. Just pause and say, “Can you explain that to me? I want to make sure we are on the same page.”
How, then, should investors think about volatility? It’s certainly scary, but it’s not the same as risk, is it?
You should view volatility as risky in the short term, but not risky in the long term. Volatility is just, underneath, a measurement of standard deviation, which means, how much something wiggles. Stocks wiggle more than bonds, bonds wiggle more than cash. Short-term volatility is a measure of how much something wiggles in the short term. You just have to decide how to deal with that.
If you’re going to have a portfolio that is designed to meet your goals, it requires you to take a certain level of risk. The level of risk determines how much it’s going to wiggle in the short term, and you just have to decide how you’re going to handle that. There’s a whole bunch of tricks and techniques you can do to help you ignore it, but if you’re not paying attention to it in the first place you don’t have to deal with it, so that may be a hint.
Very often our attitude to risk is governed by our past experiences — particularly recent experiences. How conscious are you of that as a financial planner?
I feels to me like one of the big mistakes we make as humans is what the academics would call recency bias. We look at the recent past and we project that indefinitely into the future, particularly if the recent past has been something really negative. But even if our recent experience has been really good, we can make some major mistakes that way too. You think, for example, “I’ve had a bonus every year in January for the last three years and we’re thinking about buying a new house. Maybe we could buy a more expensive house because that bonus is around the corner.” And then you don’t get the bonus, and it wreaks havoc.
I think we’re really good at doing this. It happens all the time, and it’s something we need to check.
But what can you do actually do about it? It’s not easy, is it?
No, it’s not easy. The only solution I know to that problem is just to extend your view of recent past. Right now, in the Twitter age, the recent past is often, like, three minutes! It really helps if we can extend our view of the recent past and consider, “Oh remember, just five years ago that happened.”
Another way to deal with this problem is to record how we feel about events, particularly when we’re really scared and nervous and we want to sell, and we get walked in off that ledge by a financial adviser. At that moment it can be really useful to record how we’re feeling, to remind ourselves in the future what it’s like.
I think the ability to forget negative experiences in the recent past to discount negative experiences in the recent past has kept us alive as a species. No one would run a second marathon, and I’ve been told by my wife that nobody would have a second child if they could remember the pain of having the first one. We discount that really quickly. So just reminding ourselves of the pain, writing a note to ourselves, can be incredibly valuable.
You’ve written several times about the dangers of perfectionism, and why our desire to have everything “just so” can hold us back in our financial lives. Why do you think it’s such a problem?
There is a really unhealthy focus on the perfect — finding the perfect investment, building the perfect portfolio. Perfect really is the enemy of the good, especially as we don’t know what perfect is beforehand, and we’re guessing anyway.
I think the investment process only matters to the degree that it’s going to influence our behaviour. Your portfolio may not be the most efficient thing on the planet, but if it will helps to solve your behaviour, then it’s good enough. It’s like what Jack Bogle says about index funds — there may be investment solutions that are better than this, but the ones that are worse are infinite.
Of course, the other problem with focusing on the finer detail is that you neglect the bigger picture.
Right. I can’t tell you how many times people will send me questions like, “What is the ultimate emerging market small-cap fund?” It might represent 3% of their portfolio and they want to spend lots of time on it. In the meantime, perhaps they haven’t got their money invested, or they didn’t fund your retirement account this year.
Remember the old story of the doctor having a patient continually arguing over which medicine to take for high blood pressure. The doctor finally said, “Wait, you still smoke!” I think arguing about asset allocation and focusing on the specific investments underneath, trying to get everything perfect, really misses the point.
What is SPIVA and what does it tell us?
What is SPIVA and what does it tell us? from Elston on Vimeo.
Managing investment risk in retirement
Managing investment risk in retirement from Elston on Vimeo.
What we can learn from very long-term market data
What we can learn from very long-term market data from Elston on Vimeo.
Why is it important to be globally diversified?
Why is it important to be globally diversified? from Elston on Vimeo.
Why new funds are best avoided
Why new funds are best avoided from Elston on Vimeo.
Are Vanguard's low-cost active funds a good bet?
Investors, and indeed financial professionals and commentators, are often confused by the fact that Vanguard provides actively managed funds.
Vanguard is, of course, virtually synonymous with passive investing. It was Vanguard’s founder, Jack Bogle, who launched the first index fund for retail investors in the mid-1970s, and who has since became the most vociferous critic of active management.
Yet not only does Vanguard offer active funds, it also (at least here in the UK) enthusiastically promotes them. It’s not about active and passive, Vanguard’s marketing message goes; it’s all about cost.
To a large extent, that’s true. As research by Morningstar and others has consistently shown, cost is the single most accurate predictor of future fund returns. Certainly, Vanguard’s active fund fees are generally considerably lower than those of its rivals.
But, given the choice of an active Vanguard fund and a passive one, which should you go for? The investment author Andrew Hallam conducted research into this question in March 2015. He looked at the performance of Vanguard’s equity and bond funds, across seven different categories, over the previous ten years.
In some categories, Hallam found, the active funds produced the higher returns (particular in international equities). But, overall, Vanguard’s index funds beat the active funds by 0.71% per year.
Now, 71 basis points might not sound like a great deal, but when that figure is compounded over several decades, it can add up to a substantial amount.
Someone else who has looked at this issue closely is the financial adviser and author Mark Hebner. In June 2016 Hebner analysed the performance of all 60 of Vanguard’s US-based active funds which had a track record of at least ten years.
The fees, he confirmed, were substantially lower than the industry average. Vanguard charged an average of 0.36% for its equity funds and 0.21% for its bond funds.
Hebner then looked at turnover ratios. The average was 40% for equity funds and 90% for bond funds; in other words, a typical holding period was between one and two-and-a-half years. These figures are much more in line with the industry average and imply that Vanguard’s active managers tend to make decisions based on short-term outlooks. Although transaction costs aren’t included in the headline fee, they are borne by the investor and have a significant on net returns.
The next question Hebner addressed was whether Vanguard investors could expect superior performance in return for the premium they were paying for active management. This is what he found:
30 funds (50% of the total), since inception, had outperformed their benchmark index, i.e. delivered POSITIVE alpha, or returns over and above the index;
30 funds (again, 50% of the total), since inception, had underperformed their benchmark index, or delivered NEGATIVE alpha; and
Two funds (3.3% of the total) had outperformed their benchmarks with sufficient consistency to provide 95% confidence that such outperformance would persist as opposed to being based on random outcomes.
This distinction between repeatable skill and random chance is very important. By random chance alone, you would expect either one or two of the funds analysed (1 in 40 to be precise) to produce what’s called statistically significant alpha. Put another way, no more of Vanguard’s funds outperformed than you would expect just from random chance.
“In general,” Hebner concluded, “Vanguard has not demonstrated that their process of hiring the best analysts and managers and implementing their investment strategies is superior to anyone else. To say they apply a unique process to just two of their investment strategies seems very unlikely.”
So let’s go back to our original question: Are Vanguard’s low-cost active funds a good bet? They are, as with all active funds, most definitely a bet. But a good one? Well, because the fees are lower, using an active fund from Vanguard is a better bet than choosing a typical average fund.
But the bottom line is that markets are efficient. All active management, low-fee or otherwise, is a zero-sum game before costs and a negative-sum game after costs. Not even Vanguard, for all the good that it’s done for investing and for investors, is immune to those brutal facts.
Do Vanguard’s active managers possess skill and insight or have resources at their disposal that active managers that all the other big fund houses don’t? The figures don’t lie, and the figures suggest they don’t.
You need to be aware of your biases
You need to be aware of your biases from Elston on Vimeo.
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home skin conditions & beauty centerskin conditions & beauty a-z lista-z list of quizzes
Sweating (Perspiration) Quiz: Test Your IQ
Reviewed by John P. Cunha, DO, FACOEP on October 30, 2017
Night Sweats Sweating (Perspiration) FAQs
NEXT: What Makes You Sweat?
Sweat is odorless.
Sweat itself has no odor. Odor is the result of a combination of sweat and bacteria contained in a dark and moist environment, like an armpit or feet enclosed in footwear.
Sweat serves no purpose.
Perspiration serves at least two purposes:
1. Removing waste products such as urea and ammonia;
2. Cooling of the body temperature as sweat evaporates.
Deodorant and antiperspirant are one and the same.
Antiperspirant and deodorant are not one and the same. Antiperspirants feature a chemical barrier that helps to prevent excessive sweating under the armpits. Deodorant helps to combat body odor caused by sweating by masking it with fragrance. Antiperspirants and deodorants are commonly sold in combination as a single product to reduce sweating and dilute odor.
Antiperspirants and deodorants are just as effective when applied to an unwashed area.
Applying antiperspirants and deodorants to an unwashed skin does very little to control odor. It is always best to start with a blank hygienic slate (such as washing well with soap and drying the area completely) and then apply an antiperspirant/deodorant combination product to minimize the sweating and odor.
What is the medical term for body odor?
Bromhidrosis is the medical term for body odor. Body odor can be defined as an unpleasant smell produced after perspiration. Keep in mind: It's not the sweat itself that smells bad. The odor is caused when bacteria come in contact with sweat.
There is no medical term for body odor Bromhidrosis Poor hygiene Xerosis
Hyperhidrosis is the medical term for excessive sweating. Although it's not serious medically, hyperhidrosis can be an embarrassing condition that can interfere with life's basic activities. While many effective treatments have become available, most people never seek help for this condition.
The inability to perspire An itchy skin condition caused by sweating The medical term for excessive sweating Excessively dry skin
_______________ is a common complication of hyperhidrosis.
Athlete's foot (tinea pedis) stems from a fungal infection. A person is more likely to suffer with athlete's foot as a result of excessively sweaty feet because fungus thrives in moist conditions like enclosed footwear. Athlete's foot may be best prevented by keeping the feet clean and dry and avoiding prolonged exposure to moisture.
Shingles Migraines Dry skin Athlete's foot
How many sweat glands do humans have?
Most humans have 2 to 4 million sweat glands! Sweat glands are located in the middle layer of skin called the dermis, which is also made up of nerve endings, hair follicles, and blood vessels.
1 million 2 to 4 million 5 to 7 million 10 million
Where are eccrine sweat glands found?
While there are two types of sweat glands, the majority of sweat glands on the body are eccrine sweat glands. Eccrine sweat glands are particularly numerous on the feet, palms, face, and armpits but are found throughout the body. Eccrine glands are largely responsible for regulating body temperature and they open precisely onto the skin's surface.
Chest, head, neck Groin, back, thighs Palms, face, feet, armpits All of the above
What stimulates apocrine glands?
In addition to eccrine sweat glands, apocrine glands are the other type of sweat gland. Apocrine glands are triggered by emotions such as anger, embarrassment, or fear.
The apocrine glands are prevalent in hair follicles, such as the scalp, underarms, and genitals. These sweat glands become active after puberty and are not responsible for regulating body temperature.
Embarrassment Anger Fear All of the above
Chemicals in sweat can fight many types of bacteria.
Sweat contains fatty acids and mineral matter as well as a potent anti-infective agent dubbed dermicidin. The first antimicrobial agent discovered that is produced by cells in the skin, dermicidin is active against many different types of bacteria, including Escherichia coli (E. coli), Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and the common fungus Candida albicans.
Sweating that is caused by ingesting food is called _____________.
Gustatory sweating refers to sweating on the forehead, face, scalp, and neck occurring soon after ingesting food. Some gustatory sweating is normal after eating hot, spicy foods. Otherwise, gustatory sweating is most commonly a result of damage to a nerve that supplies the parotid gland, the large salivary gland in the cheek. In this setting, referred to as Frey's syndrome, the sweating is usually on one side of the head. Gustatory sweating is also a rare complication of diabetes mellitus.
Food sweating Energy sweating Spice sweating Gustatory sweating
1. iStockPhoto
3. 123rf
10. iStockPhoto
WebMD. Handling Sweating and Body Odor.
<http://blogs.webmd.com/healthy-skin/2010/08/handling-sweating-and-body-odor.html>
MedTerms. Definition of Perspiration.
<http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9300>
MedTerms. Definition of Body Odor.
<http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=109851>
WebMD. Common Complications of Hyperhidrosis.
<https://www.webmd.com/healthy-beauty/common-complications-of-hyperhidrosis>
WebMD. Hyperhydrosis: 10 Questions to Ask Your Doctor.
<https://www.webmd.com/healthy-beauty/hyperhidrosis-10-questions-to-ask-your-doctor>
MedicineNet. Athlete's Foot.
<https://www.medicinenet.com/athletes_foot/page5.htm>
WebMD. Causes of Excessive Sweating.
<https://www.webmd.com/healthy-beauty/sweating-too-much-11/hyperhidrosis-causes-11>
MedicineNet. Antiperspirant Awareness: It's Mostly No Sweat.
<https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=53207>
MedTerms. Definition of Sweat.
<https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9298>
MedTerms. Definition of Gustatory Sweating.
© 1996-2021 MedicineNet, Inc. All rights reserved.
Source quiz on MedicineNet
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Mostly clear. Low 33F. Winds light and variable..
Heppner’s Blake Knowles prepares to turn his steer in Round 8 of the Wrangler National Finals Rodeo on Dec. 10, 2020, in Arlington, Texas. Knowles won the round with a run of 3.6 seconds.
Alaina Stangle/Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association
Knowles finishes eighth in world standings
ARLINGTON, Texas — Blake Knowles put together the best run he had in the Wrangler National Finals Rodeo, placing in five rounds and winning two.
The Heppner cowboy turned in a third-place finish in Round 10 on Dec. 12 to finish eighth in the world standings at Globe Life Field. He took down his brown steer in 3.8 seconds to pocket $15,654.
Jacob Edler of Alva, Oklahoma, won the steer wrestling world title, beating Stetson Jorgensen of Blackfoot, Idaho, by $1,679.
During the 10-day event, Knowles tied for first in the opening round, won Round 8, was third in Rounds 5 and 10, and tied for sixth in Round 7.
Knowles finished out of the top eight in the average at the NFR, hurt by a no time in Round 4 when his black steer slipped from his grasp.
The 2001 Heppner graduate earned $79,821 for his efforts at the NFR, and finished with $132,303 for the year.
This was the fifth NFR appearance for Knowles, who also qualified in 2009, 2011, 2015 and 2018.
His best finish in the world standings before this year was ninth in 2018.
Because of COVID-19, all cowboys had a shortened season, but Knowles made the most of his time on the road, winning the Big Fork (Montana) Summer ProRodeo, the Dinosaur Roundup Rodeo (Vernal, Utah), the Douglas County Fair and Rodeo (Castle Rock, Colorado) and Guymon (Oklahoma) Pioneer Days Rodeo.
Jesse Brown of Baker City, making his first trip to the NFR, finished 13th in the world standings with $88,558.
Blake Knowles
Heppner
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Public Release: 2-Dec-2015
Depression contributes to preventable hospitalizations in Danish study
Denmark's universal health insurance and availablity of primary care meant that cost and access were not factors
University of Washington Health Sciences/UW Medicine
Individuals with depression are more than twice as likely to have hospitalizations that might be preventable with timely outpatient medical care in the community, a new study finds. In addition, after being discharged from the hospital, individuals with depression were also more likely to return to the hospital within 30 days for the same conditions, the researchers found.
Such preventable hospitalizations, also known as hospitalizations for ambulatory care-sensitive conditions, include exacerbations of common chronic conditions, such as diabetes, congestive heart failure, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and acute illnesses, such as bacterial pneumonia and urinary tract infections.
It is estimated that these hospitalizations cost the U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services $32 billion a year. In addition to increased healthcare costs, some preventable hospitalizations, such as for pneumonia, could contribute to cognitive and functional decline in older adults. The costliness, as well as the potential for these adverse effects of hospitalization, led researchers to try to understand who might be at greatest risk.
They sought to determine what role depression may play in such hospitalizations. To find out, they analyzed data collected on five million Danish adults from 2005-2013 to see whether individuals with depression were more likely to be hospitalized for preventable conditions or were more likely to be re-admitted to the hospital within 30 days of discharge.
The Risk for Hospitalizations and Rehospitalizations for Ambulatory Care-Sensitive Conditions in Denmark: a Population-Based Cohort Study appears in the journal BMJ Open. The report is the result of an ongoing collaboration between researchers at Aarhus University, in Aarhus, Denmark, and the University of Washington in Seattle.
The lead author was Dr. Dimitry S. Davydow, UW associate professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences. The senior author was Dr. Mogens Vestergaard,a professor at the Institute for General Practice in the Department of Public Health at Aarhus University. The study was funded by an unrestricted research grant from the Lundberg Foundation.
The researchers found that of 5 million Danish citizens studied, more than 1.3 million, or 26.1 percent, had been diagnosed with depression by a psychiatrist or were prescribed antidepressant medication during the eight year study. Overall, those with depression were 2.35-times more likely to be hospitalized for a preventable condition than were people without depression after the researchers adjusted for age, sex and passage of time.
Even after accounting for socioeconomic factors, the presence of other diseases and frequency of primary-care use, people with depression were still 1.45-times more likely to have a preventable hospitalization. People with depression were also 1.21-times more to be rehospitalized within 30 days for the same condition and 1.19-times more likely to be readmitted with a different one.
The lack of access to primary care is unlikely to be the main cause for these hospitalizations, Davydow said, because Denmark provides all its citizens with universal health insurance and primary-care access. This availability of care was an important reason why Davydow was interested in studying this topic in Denmark.
"So providing better access to primary care may not be enough," he said. "One solution may be to do a better job integrating mental health services into primary-care settings. That way patients with depression can obtain psychiatric care more easily and their mental health care better incorporated into their overall health care."
"A number of studies have shown that such collaborative care in primary-care and other ambulatory-care medical settings can be both effective and cost-effective," he said. He added that more research is needed to show if such integrated approaches can also help reduce preventable hospitalizations among individuals with depression or other mental health conditions.
@hsnewsbeat
http://hsnewsbeat.uw.edu/
BMJ Open
Lundberg Foundation
DEPRESSION/ANGER
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-009878
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A North Carolina pug tested positive for coronavirus, possibly the first dog in the U.S.
Joshua Bote USA TODAY
After several members of a North Carolina family tested positive for the new coronavirus, they found out their pet pug tested positive, too, possibly the first dog in the United States to be diagnosed with the virus.
But owner Heather McLean, a hospital pediatrician and vice chair and associate professor at Duke University, hopes that it doesn’t spark too much concern over household pets contracting and spreading the virus.
The McLeans discovered Friday that their pug, Winston, tested positive for COVID-19. He didn’t display any severe symptoms before they found out, said McLean’s 17-year-old daughter, Sydney.
Two things did stand out to the family, though: “My dad heard him cough a lot,” she said. “He didn’t eat his breakfast one morning and it’s weird because he’s a pug, but who knows?”
Heather and her husband, Sam, who works as a researcher and emergency physician at UNC-Chapel Hill, started developing mild symptoms in mid-March. She attributed her own symptoms — scratchy throat and mild headache among them — to allergies, but they worsened for a bit.
“We didn’t do a good job of distancing ourselves,” she told USA TODAY. “We’re having college and high school in our house too, and we realized our son also had mild symptoms. Our daughter didn't have any symptoms.”
The family eventually recovered and enrolled in a study led by Dr. Chris Woods, a virologist and one of Heather's colleagues at Duke.
Every week since the beginning of April, a team of researchers has come to their house to perform blood tests and nasal swabs for the family.
"On the first day," Heather explained, "they nasal swabbed all the pets — the two dogs and the cat.”
Woods told NBC News that Winston may be the first dog nationwide to have a confirmed case of the virus. Fortunately, the other two creatures tested negative.
Winston has since fully recovered and “has been acting like himself."
“He’s a very sweet animal; we’re very lucky to have him quarantined with us,” said Heather.
She hopes that her family’s bout of coronavirus has a small silver lining — both in learning how coronavirus manifests in pets, and in contributing to further research on how coronavirus can be treated in humans.
And for anyone concerned about their pets contracting coronavirus, both Sydney and Heather advise not worrying too much about them.
“We’re not seeing an epidemic of household pets or them transmitting it to other humans and animals—we just happened to detect it in our dog,” said Heather.
“Try not to worry too much about your pets,” Sydney added. “There’s too much to worry about.”
Multiple veterinary experts, including representatives from the American Veterinary Medical Association, have previously stated there is no evidence yet that the coronavirus can spread from an infected pet to a human.
Contributing: Ian Richardson, USA TODAY. Follow Joshua Bote on Twitter: @joshua_bote
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Posted on November 18, 2016 by Fairborn Daily Herald
Wright State putting out tobacco
By Whitney Vickers
wvickers@civitasmedia.com
FAIRBORN — Wright State University officials are aiming to change the culture on campus by officially becoming a tobacco-free space.
That means the use of vape pens, e-cigarettes and tobacco products of any kind, with an exception to FDA-approved cessation tools, will be on all campus properties. However, this change is not expected to occur overnight — Wright State will spend the coming months promoting a tobacco-free climate, while the implementation will become official as of July 1, 2017.
“This is a big day for Wright State and I believe it’s a win, win, win for our faculty, students, staff and visitors to our campus because this is all about our health,” Wright State President Dr. David Hopkins said. ” … It’s going to take time, but this is a very important step forward for our university.”
While this change may challenge those who use nicotine, Wright State is not asking them to undertake cessation on their own. The university is partnering with the public health entities of Dayton, Montgomery and Mercer counties to offer tools and programs to help smokers blow their last puff. WSU is the ninth four-year school in Ohio that is part of the Inter-University Council to make this commitment, joining approximately 1,400 other tobacco-free colleges across the nation, according to Wright State.
“The workforce our students will enter is quite different than the workforce I went into over the years, so what we’re trying to do is prepare them for that in this environment, because everything we do is to prepare them to be very successful in life,” Hopkins said. “The workforce they go into will be smoke-free in many cases. We have to prepare them for the world they’re going live, learn and work in.”
Wright State is not directly punishing individuals for lighting up on campus. Instead it is hoping to get nicotine uses to quit the unhealthy habit.
“What we’re going to do during the spring semester is a great deal of education, making available all kinds of resources to faculty, staff and students on smoking cessation and everything we can do to help make this transition personal,” Hopkins said.
Reach Whitney Vickers at 937-502-4532.
Hi! A visitor to our site felt the following article might be of interest to you: Wright State putting out tobacco. Here is a link to that story: http://www.fairborndailyherald.com/news/12970/wright-state-putting-out-tobacco
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Blaskapelle Alte Kameraden
The Alte Kameraden is the German band of the City of Fairfax Band. Since its founding in 1977 under the leadership of the band’s first Kapellmeister Samuel Laudenslager, the “Old Comrades” have introduced American audiences to the lush, spirited festmusik played by Bavarian bands. The ensemble is an authentic Blaskapelle wind band that performs the music played by alpine village bands.
In 1995, the Fairfax Alte Kameraden became the first American band to be selected to membership in the Musikbund von Ober-und-Niederbayern (MON)–Bavaria’s association of village bands. Two years later, the Alte Kameraden was inducted into the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Militärmusik–Germany’s honorary society for bands and military music. It has also been honored with the Federal Republic of Germany’s German-American Friendship Award (1990) and with a special Certificate of Merit conferred by the United German-American Committee of the U.S.A. (2001). In 2007, the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors, presented the Alte Kameraden with a special commendation on the occasion of their 30th anniversary.
Alte Kameraden has played up to 50 engagements annually, for community events, German- American clubs, and Oktoberfests. They have entertained spectators at World Cup soccer matches at RFK Stadium and FedEx Field in the Washington area, and performed aboard the Gorch Fock, Germany’s tall ship, in Baltimore’s Inner Harbor. The band performs year-round for First Night New Year’s festivals, Fasching Mardi Gras season parties, Mayfests, summer concerts in the park programs, Oktoberfests, and Christmas-season Christkindlmarkts (Christmastime German-style arts and crafts fairs). The music of Alte Kameraden has performed for the annual Open House hosted by the Embassy of Germany, the Swiss National Day celebration of the Embassy of Switzerland, and the German military staff Oktoberfest (formerly Beer Night) at Dulles International Airport. Outside the Washington area, Blaskapelle Alte Kameraden has performed at the Hunter Mountain (New York) Oktoberfest, the Musikfest in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, and the 2nd German Air Force Oktoberfest at the Naval Air Station, Pensacola, Florida . In May 2007, Alte Kameraden was part of America’s 400th Anniversary celebration at Jamestown, Virginia, presenting a musical program commemorating America’s German-American settlers. Musicians from Alte Kameraden also performed for the grand opening of the National German-American Heritage Center, Hockemeyer Hall, in Washington, D.C.
Booking Information:
Please contact ak@fairfaxband.org
The City of Fairfax Band Association
Upcoming Performances:
Band Leaders:
Co-Leaders
Terry Bradley (703) 609-5342
Randy Dahlberg (703) 819-0596
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MI > Alger > Deerton > 7680 N Peter White Rd
7680 N Peter White Rd
Deerton, MI
Listed by Steigerwaldt Land Sales, Llc
This waterfront, recreation and timber investment property is 352 acres in size. Additionally, it has an abundance of history. It is located 18 miles southeast of Marquette, Michigan in northwestern Alger County. The property has approximately 1,940 feet of frontage on Whitefish Lake and 3,700 feet of a mix of center-thread and one-bank frontage on the Laughing Whitefish River. The property has an impressive forest cover with significant timber value. Large sugar maple and hemlock trees are common across the landscape and are one of the defining features of the property. There is a presence of veneer sawtimber and the possibility of specialty products such as birds-eye maple and curly maple within the northern hardwood forest cover types. This property has been in the current owner's family for three generations and includes quite a bit of history. The Nature Conservancy owns much of the surrounding land which was donated by the subject's landowners. According to the Nature Conservancy's website: The land has been revered since this family's earliest relatives first set foot here. The family goes back as far as Peter White, one of the earliest founders of the City of Marquette. White first acquired the property and built his wilderness camp in the early 1800's. Later, White's son-in-law George Shiras III successfully tested his new invented method of photographing wildlife at night here. Laughing Whitefish Lake became famous when the pictures won prizes at the 1900 World Exposition in Paris and the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis. In 1906, National Geographic Magazine devoted an issue to his photos. The property has been meticulously maintained. The main cabin, which includes the original fireplace from the Peter White cabin, has been renovated in 2015. All plumbing was replaced, and solar powered electricity capability with solar panels and a new large generator were added. The main cabin is a wood structure with pine cabinets and ceiling, newer linoleum, laminate flooring and carpeting, and new appliances. It has two bedrooms and a ADA compliant bathroom and doorways. There is hot water heaters in both cabins. Other improvements include a second cabin with recently new carpeting in the living room and bedrooms, updated plumbing and electricity, a garage, storage shed, pump house, second garage, barn, and gazebo. Some of these buildings originated from the 1800s camp owned by Peter White. It is powered by propane and solar energy. In the past, the cabins have been rented out on a periodic basis, largely from spring to late fall. The second cabin is similar in size, structure, and quality as the main cabin. Both cabins have had continued maintenance and are overall in good condition.
I'm looking at 7680 N Peter White Rd and would like some more information.
Waterfront: Y Est Water Front Ft: 5640.0
Type: Vacant Land Body of Water: Laughing Whitefish Lk & River
Terrain: Combination, Flat, Rolling Municipality: Onota T
Acreage: 352.0 Area: Onota T
Jun 4 2020 9:46AM Price Change $985,000
You have searched for 7680 N Peter White Rd, Deerton, MI located in Alger County MI. You can save 7680 N Peter White Rd, Deerton, MI to your My First Weber favorites with a My First Weber account. To search for properties near 7680 N Peter White Rd, Deerton, MI, please conduct another search at firstweber.com, the most comprehensive source for Wisconsin Real Estate.
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Encyclopedia - The Shell Scandal, 1915
The 'Shell Scandal', as it became popularly and widely known, was generated by publication of the British Commander-in-Chief's view that a shortage of munitions led directly to the failure of the British offensive at Neuve Chapelle in March 1915.
In confiding his views to the Times war correspondent, Colonel Charles Repington, Sir John French set in train a political upheaval back home in London which ultimately contributed to his own recall as Commander-in-Chief at the close of the year (replaced by Sir Douglas Haig).
That the British Army were experiencing a shell shortage was not in doubt (although the historian Martin Gilbert has noted that more shells were discharged in the 35 minute preliminary bombardment at Neuve Chapelle than in the whole of the Boer War). British munitions production was not operating at full efficiency nor anything approaching it.
David Lloyd George, the Liberal Chancellor, fervently believed that a radical improvement to the munitions industry was not only possible but thoroughly necessary if the British were to compete with Germany in a long war. He did not however believe that the war secretary, Lord Kitchener, under whom responsibility for munitions production fell, was up to the task of delivering the required production overhaul.
Lloyd George therefore encouraged the proprietor of the powerful Times and Daily Mail newspapers, Lord Northcliffe, in the latter's determination to publish details of the 'shell scandal' in his newspapers. Northcliffe duly published an article by Repington on 14 May 1915 claiming that the fault of the matter lay with the War Office and in particular with Lord Kitchener. The resultant uproar was not restricted to the political elite.
In spite of a growing view in the Cabinet that Lord Kitchener was not well suited to his political role, he was revered in the country at large. Regarded with awe, 'K of K' (Kitchener of Khartoum) the country was not yet ready to believe ill of Kitchener of Khartoum. Circulation of Northcliffe's newspaper consequently dipped.
Nevertheless Lloyd George achieved his aim. Even though by this time the bottleneck in shell production was opening up and supplies were increasing, the Liberal government fell on 25 May 1915 and a new coalition established (under the continuing Prime Minister Herbert Asquith). Lord Kitchener remained as minister for war.
Within the government a new department was created, the Ministry of Munitions, and its responsibility handed to Lloyd George.
A Kite Balloon was an observation balloon controlled by a cable from the ground.
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