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The Story of Pop: 2000 (Chapter 27)
Jul 2, 2020 Jul 6, 2020 ~ Alex the Pensmith
Bringing you the sounds and sights of the UK charts from the year Prince William received his A Levels, and when the Slaters arrived on Albert Square in EastEnders, this is The Story of Pop: 2000. This week – the first of three Irish acts we’re covering in the coming weeks, and this one’s a corking debut…
If you want an example of how record companies were breathlessly playing catch up to the phenomenal success of Britney Spears, then 2000 is full and plenty of them. And it was two decades ago this week that we were introduced to the Emerald Isle’s answer to Kentwood, Louisiana’s finest.
A former graduate of Billie Barry Stage School – Ireland’s equivalent of Sylvia Young or Italia Conti – Dublin born Samantha Mumba was first discovered when she was just 15 years old, as a contestant on the RTÉ talent show Let Me Entertain You, by Boyzone and Westlife svengali – and future X Factor funny man – Louis Walsh.
So impressed was he by her talent, she was signed to Polydor Records there and then, with work beginning on her debut album in Denmark, Sweden, the UK and Ireland. Said album arrived just two years later, when she had just turned 17.
Her debut single and title track from the album, ‘Gotta Tell You’ was a show stopping, punchy pop tour de force, about realising love for a friend, not knowing it was there all along, but feeling unable to act further on it: ‘Don’t wanna love you if you don’t love me / Don’t wanna need you when you won’t need me too’.
Coupled with an eye catching video of her attempting both parkour and dance routines, ‘Gotta Tell You’ was an immediate success, spending five weeks at the top of the Irish charts, peaking at #2 here in the UK and even more impressively, hitting #4 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the States.
It started off two years of top 10 hit making for Samantha, as well as a film career when she appeared in a big budget movie of the HG Wells novel The Time Machine in 2002. But to this week, we salute Samantha and ‘Gotta Tell You’, a classic gem of pop from the summer of 2000.
Don’t forget to follow our brand new playlist on Spotify – updated weekly so you never miss a song from the story of pop in 2000. And you can leave your memories of the songs below in the comments or Tweet us, using the hashtag #StoryofPop2000.
Posted in 2000, Flashback, Music, Playlist, Pop, Retrospective, Samantha Mumba, Spotify, The Story Of Pop, UK Charts
‹ Previous#GoodTimeScrapbook (29/06/2020)
Next ›Mindful Me.
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November 24, 2015 January 24, 2016 Alicia Sakal
Veterans Honor SSgt. TJ Lobraico Jr. with a Memorial Plaque at the Sherman School Assembly
On Veterans Day, over 450 students, faculty, parents, veterans with relatives, and elected officials attended the 5th Annual Veterans Day Assembly held at the Sherman School. They congregated to formally honor all veterans and to share the significance of this national day of recognition with the students. The Sherman Veterans Association also formally recognized SSgt. TJ (Todd James) Lobraico Jr., a fallen US Air Force soldier who died serving in Afghanistan in 2013. He was a Sherman School 2004 graduate and a New Fairfield High School 2008 graduate. Several members of his family live in both Sherman and New Fairfield and many were in attendance.
The Master of Ceremonies was US Navy Veteran Ed Hayes. The impressive one-hour assembly officially began with a student drumroll as the veterans walked in one-by-one to take their places of honor. Each veteran then went up to the podium and shared with the audience his or her name and branch of service. Some of the World War II veterans shared their stories, humor, and connections with the community so the students could better relate.
After the introductions, Interim Principal Andrew Schoefer talked with the students about “why we are here today” and “what does that mean?” He said that Veterans Day “is a time to give thanks to these great men and women who have done their part to ensure our way of life. Veterans Day is about taking a time out from what we do to honor those who have served our country, from the Revolutionary War to World War II, and for those who continue to keep our country safe.”
Next, the Pledge of Allegiance was recited by all. SSgt. TJ Lobraico Jr.’s sister, Alexa Lobraico, and other students Courtney DaCunha and Kayla Fierko, beautifully sang The Star-Spangled Banner.
Then, a prayer was said by a guest reverend. Afterward, Mr. Hayes introduced State Senator Michael McLachlan, State Representative Richard A. Smith, and Selectman Bob Ostrosky, and he commended these elected officials for attending this assembly.
Commander of the Sherman Veterans Association and US Air Force Veteran, Monty Clark, was the keynote speaker. Right before Mr. Clark Spoke, Mr. Hayes asked a student to answer a question about the significance of Normandy because Mr. Clark just got back from a trip to Normandy. A student summarized how the Invasion of Normandy was a major invasion that took place in France during World War II.
Mr. Clark then related the historical invasion and the loss of lives to SSgt. TJ Lobraico Jr.’s story. He was also a courageous solider who died in active duty while serving our Country, but in Afghanistan.
TJ’s medal of honors include a Purple Heart and the Bronze Star. His described acts of courage and sacrifice captivated the audience, especially many of the students. Mr. Clark also shared TJ’s long-term plan, which was to be a police officer like his father. Mr. Clark then elaborated more on how the Sherman School was an important part of this young man’s foundation while growing up.
The next part of this touching ceremony involved much student participation. Several Grade 7 students read aloud what “freedom” personally means to them. After that, Grade 7 and Grade 8 students presented to the veterans patriotic ribbons tied around “official Sherman veteran banners.” School Counselor Anita Brown shared with the audience how many of the Grade 7 and Grade 8 students read military stories to the younger students and how the ribbons bestowed to the veterans have meaningful descriptor words written on them by the students. Grade 5 then presented homemade poppies to each of the veterans. The final memento was given to the veterans by the Boy Scouts and Cub Scouts. Mr. Hayes then told everyone how many of the veterans have kept all of the mementos from the children through the years and how special they are to the veterans.
The Assembly began to wind down with words well said by both State Representative Richard A. Smith and Selectman Bob Ostrosky. Mr. Smith shared his insight into the meaning of Veterans Day. He said how he observed some people saying “happy Veterans Day” and he thinks it should be more like “thank you Veterans Day.” He also feels that people should say “thank you” to the veterans every single day and we should “thank them for their sacrifice, their service, and for doing what they have done for us because without them we don’t have what we have…” Mr. Ostrosky expressed his gratitude to all veterans in an eloquent speech. He summed it up nicely with a quote by Elmer Davis. “This nation will remain the land of the free only so long as it is the home of the brave.”
Near the end of the service, several of the grades continued to honor veterans by singing the US Military songs of the five branches. Lead by Music Teacher Steven Trinchillo, Grade 4 sang the Coast Guard’s Semper Paratus (Always Ready), Grade 5 sang The Air Force Song, Grade 6 sang the Navy’s Anchors Aweigh, Grade 7 sang the Marines’ Hymn, and Grade 8 sang the Army’s Caisson Song.
After the last song, Mr. Schoefer mentioned how TJ was his student 15 years ago and he reiterated some of his lifetime academic and military achievements. He stressed the meaning of Veterans Day to the students and said “boys and girls, this is why we stop what we are doing on November 11th and say ‘thank you’ to all brave men and women who ensure our freedom.”
Senior Chief an d US Navy Veteran William Butts then read aloud the inscription on the memorial plaque, which is a gift from the Sherman Veterans Association: In honor of Todd James “TJ” Lobraico, Jr. Nov. 23, 1990 – Sept. 5, 2013. Sherman School Class of 2004. Wounded and died serving our country. Operation Enduring Freedom, Afghanistan.
On a solemn note, Hunter Johnson, a Grade 3 student, played an Amazing Grace rendition on his recorder and the reverend concluded with a benediction. Chip Zellner then performed Taps on his bugle.
Once the Assembly ended, each class lined up single file and went outside in the dreary weather to view the memorial plaque. It was a somber time to honor TJ along with all veterans of the US Military for their service and dedication to protect and serve our Country.
Story and Photos by Alicia Sakal. A short version appeared in the November 18th edition of the Citizen News.
Previous Community Togetherness and Excitement at This Year’s Harvest Fair
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Rebecca Black says:
Great reporting! This is such a wonderful thing to do.
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Yulon Logo
Yulon Motor Co., Ltd. is a Taiwanese corporation that invent and sells cars and related parts and components both for small vehicles or huge trucks. The company was founded in 1953 and it is also engaged in the assembly, maintenance and repair of vehicles. Yulon is known for producing Nissan cars in Taiwan under the appropriate license.
Until 1992, the name of the company was written in Latin letters as “Yue Loong”, but after the rebranding, a simpler and shorter name “Yulon” was chosen. After the rebranding, which simplified the spelling of the company name in Latin letters, a new logo appeared. Experts say that it has nothing to do with the hieroglyphs used, and tend to see in it a stylized image of a red dragon or a complex monogram of the letters Y (or U) and L.
The company’s logo consists of a circle, inside which is an icon that resembles fan blades. The entire emblem is made in red color.
Yue Loong Bluebird 921 ‘1985
Yue Loong Feeling is the first original model of the Taiwanese company Yue Loong Motor. The car was produced from 1986 to 1993 with sedan and hatchback bodies. By Taiwanese standards, this car is top class for middle to high-income buyers.
Yue Loong Cedric ‘1984
It is a business class car that was produced from 1960 to 2004 and was designed for comfortable travel
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Meet Allison Cosmos
Allison Cosmos has built a 24 year reputation of innovative design, superb craftsmanship and excellent customer service. She holds a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree from the Ringling College of Art and Design in Sarasota, Florida. She has gained recognition in various national publications such as Elle Decor, House Beautiful, Veranda, Metropolitan Home, HGTV and Houzz. Her work has been featured at a variety of philanthropic events such as Design on a Dime (Housing Works), Women of Style and Substance (Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta) and Friends of Greystone Mansion.
She has been commissioned to do a variety of styles and projects from some of the most talented designers in the country. Allison has worked in Los Angeles, Portland, Las Vegas, San Francisco, Sarasota, Greensboro and Chicago.
Allison presently lives in Southern, CA with her husband of 13 years, her 2 young daughters and her Chocolate Lab, Kona and Brittany Spaniel, Ollie.
© 2021, Allison Cosmos. All Rights Reserved.
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France's interior boss: rising star of right shadowed by rape claim
07 juli 2020, 17.45
France's new Interior Minister Gerald Darmanin, aged just 37, is a rising star of the right-wing of French politics whose ascension has not been slowed by a claim he raped a woman over a decade ago.
The son of a bar-owner father and a mother who worked as a cleaner at France's central bank, Darmanin takes on one of the most exposed portfolios in French politics -- one that has ruined careers but also propelled his mentor Nicolas Sarkozy to the presidency.
He takes over at the ministry from Christophe Castaner, whose sometimes troubled two-year stint was marked by allegations of racism in the police force and complaints from officers he did not defend them.
The police should be "assured of my total support. They should never doubt that I will be the first among them," said Darmanin Tuesday at the handover from Castaner.
Darmanin's youth, ambition and loyalty to President Emmanuel Macron make him a shining example of the so-called "Macronie" elite of young centre-left and centre-right figures serving the head of state since 2017.
His rapid rise has come despite allegations from a woman that he raped her in 2009 after she sought his help in having a criminal record expunged when he was a senior official of the rightwing Republicans party's predecessor, the UMP.
Darmanin has denied the claims from Sophie Patterson-Spatz and the charges were dismissed in 2018. He has himself filed a complaint against her for slander.
But earlier this year, appeals judges in Paris ordered the reopening of the investigation into the allegations.
An Elysee source said the rape complaint made against Darmanin "did not pose an obstacle" to his nomination and the case appeared to be "going in the right direction" for him.
As the ceremony was taking place in Paris to transfer power from Castaner to Darmanin, some 20 feminists protested nearby, shouting "Darmanin resign!" and "Darmanin rapist".
"It's a mighty slap in the face Emmanuel Macron has delivered to all those who mobilised against sexual violence," added Socialist senator Laurence Rossignol, a former women's rights minister.
"You are accused of rape and you get to be the number one cop in France," seethed the Osez le feminisme collective, which has launched a petition for Darmanin's resignation.
Prosecutors have dismissed allegations by a second woman who had accused Darmanin of using his position to seek sexual favours while mayor of the northern city of Tourcoing between 2014 and 2017, a claim he also denies.
Politically, Darmanin is seen as standing to the right of Castaner, who came to Macron's government from the Socialist Party.
Darmanin cut his political teeth in Sarkozy's 2007-2012 administration, joined parliament in 2012 and was elected mayor of Tourcoing in 2012.
He left the Republicans party to join Macron's then brand-new Republic on the Move (LREM).
Darmanin has served until now as budget minister under Macron, bringing France's unwieldy tax system under tighter control despite little previous experience of fiscal affairs.
He boasted earlier this month that French tax revenue inspectors helped the state recover almost 12 billion euros ($13.5 billion) in 2019, a "record" year.
Darmanin's articulate and smooth manner have marked him out as a strong media performer, a gift not universally shared among the young politicians Macron promoted in 2017.
His promotion, however, failed to impress the head of his former Republicans party, Christian Jacob, who witheringly warned Macron to "distrust Darmanin" who he said had "treason in the genes".
Taking office on Tuesday, Darmanin launched a staunch defence of France's secular system, vowing to "fight against all forces of political Islam".
vab-mhc-sjw/mlr/ach
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Jimmie Allen: ‘We Need to Check Our Hearts’ Over Racism
Rick Polk, Getty Images
Jimmie Allen turned to social media to express his concern over racism in America, saying, "We need to check our hearts" if the current situation does not bother everyone.
The "Make Me Want To" hit maker posted on Saturday (May 30) as protests and riots broke out all over the United States in the wake of the events in Minneapolis this week, where a 46-year-old African-American man named George Floyd died at the hands of a white police officer named Derek Chauvin on May 25. Chauvin was charged with third-degree murder and second-degree manslaughter in Floyd's death after a video emerged showing him kneeling on Floyd's neck for more than eight minutes as Floyd first protested that he could not breathe, then became unresponsive. Floyd was pronounced dead at an area hospital afterward.
Allen expresses concern not just for the situation, but for his own young son, Aadyn, in his post, writing that it's everyone's job as human beings to point out when people are treated poorly, regardless of their race or whether it affects us directly.
"If we see it and it doesn't bother us, we need to check our hearts," he writes, adding that he's concerned over "the continued non value of life towards black men in America," especially as a black man raising a black son.
"The uncertainty of his safety turns my stomach," he states, adding, "I challenge everyone to love each other and let our hearts speak louder than the injustice. Love so hard that it suffocates the hate."
Country Music's Most Political Artists:
Source: Jimmie Allen: ‘We Need to Check Our Hearts’ Over Racism
Filed Under: Jimmie Allen
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Elton John and Peter Frampton Launch COVID-19 Relief Efforts
Corey Irwin
UMe / frampton.com
As the world continues to battle the coronavirus pandemic, Elton John and Peter Frampton have each found creative ways to raise funds for COVID-19 related causes.
John will be launching Elton John: Classic Concert Series, a weekly production posted to his official YouTube channel, featuring archival concert footage from throughout his vaunted career.
The series kicks off on Friday, with John’s 1976 performance at the Playhouse Theatre in Edinburgh. The show’s set list included live renditions of such classics as “Saturday Night’s Alright (For Fighting),” “Rocket Man,” “Daniel” and “Bennie and the Jets.”
You can watch a teaser for the first installment of Elton John: Classic Concert Series below.
Following the Playhouse Theatre concert, a new two-hour live set will be posted to John’s YouTube channel every Saturday for the next six weeks. The series will raise funds for the Elton John AIDS Foundation in support of coronavirus relief efforts.
“My Foundation’s COVID-19 Emergency Fund helps frontline partners prepare for and respond to the pandemic and its effects on HIV prevention and care for the most marginalized communities,” John explained in a statement. “We cannot jeopardize HIV testing and care during this time or else the results could be disastrous for the 37.5 million people living with HIV. So, I’m really happy to connect this YouTube concert series to benefit our Foundation’s urgent COVID response.”
Meanwhile, fellow rocker Frampton is also raising funds for coronavirus relief. The singer and guitarist has released a new T-shirt at his merch store, playing on the title of his classic 1976 album Frampton Comes Alive! The new shirt features an altered version of the live LP’s original artwork, now showing the guitarist wearing a blue face mask. Its title reads, “Frampton Stays Inside!”
The back of the shirt keeps the theme going. Recalling classic tour tees, the shirt reads ‘Shelter in Place House Tour 2020,’ but instead of listing cities and dates, it displays months and rooms of the house. All funds raised from the shirt will go toward the Second Harvest Food Bank.
Elton John Albums Ranked
Next: Could Quarantine Lead to a Flood of New Classic Rock Albums?
Source: Elton John and Peter Frampton Launch COVID-19 Relief Efforts
Filed Under: Coronavirus (COVID-19) Coverage, Elton John
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Boehner: Oil Companies Share Blame for Gas Prices, Open to Cutting Subsidies
If gas is more than $5/gallon, Obama "certainly isn't going to win," he says.
By JONATHAN KARL
House Speaker John Boehner Weighs in on Gas Prices
Boehner says rising gas prices could cost President Obama re-election.
April 25, 2011 -- At a time of skyrocketing gas prices and near-record profits for oil companies, House Speaker John Boehner made a major concession today: Congress should consider cutting multi-billion dollar subsidies to oil companies.
"Everybody wants to go after the oil companies and, frankly, they've got some part of this to blame," the Ohio Republican told ABC News today.
Blame aside, what about the cold, hard cash -- the billions of dollars in tax breaks and other subsidies big oil receives every year? President Obama has proposed doing away with many of them, which he says would save $45 billion over the next 10 years.
"It's certainly something we should be looking at," Boehner said. "We're in a time when the federal government's short on revenues. They ought to be paying their fair share."
That is a departure for the speaker on an issue that Republicans have long defended as necessary to encourage domestic oil production.
Republicans have a plan that Boehner says could begin bringing gas prices down right way. It would encourage exploration and new domestic production and curb the EPA's ability to impose restrictions on the oil and gas markets. He argued the Republican plan would send an important message to the market.
"I think if we began to allow-- more permits for oil and gas production it would send a signal to the market that America's serious about moving toward energy independence. That signal, in and of itself-- would-- would calm these prices down quite a bit," Boehner said.
The speaker said that while he wanted to "take a look" at oil subsidies. He also wanted to "see all the facts" first.
"I don't want to hear a bunch of political rhetoric," Boehner said. "I want to know what impact this is going have on job creation here in America."
Boehner made his comments in a wide-ranging, exclusive interview with ABC News as he toured the Innovative Labeling Solutions factory in Hamilton, Ohio, and Rebco Inc. in Greenville, Ohio, which designs and builds commercial agriculture equipment.
When asked who the American people should blame for high gas prices, Boehner pointed the finger at Obama.
"They're going to blame somebody, all right. And the fact is he has done nothing to help the situation," Boehner said.
Boehner said high gas prices, more than anything else, are likely to cost Obama re-election in 2012.
"Who knows," Boehner said, when asked if Obama could win in 2012. "But if the economy doesn't get better, I don't think he'll win. If people don't feel better about government-run health care, I don't think he'll win. And if gas prices are $5 or $6, he certainly isn't going to win."
An ABC News/Washington Post poll released today suggests Boehner may be right: With gas up 25 percent this year to an average $3.84 a gallon, seven in 10 Americans in this poll report financial hardship as a result, and Obama's ratings are suffering.
In re-election terms, 53 percent of those who are feeling serious hardship as a result of gas prices said they would definitely not vote for Obama in 2012.
To read what Speaker Boehner had to say about President Obama, the deficit, and Rep. Paul Ryan's budget click HERE.
For a full transcript of this interview, click HERE.
ABC News' John Parkinson, Gregory Simmons and Z. Byron Wolf contributed to this report.
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Location 2850 W Grand Blvd, 3rd Floor Phone (313) 771-7005 E-mail sandcastles@hfhs.org Hours M-F: 9-5 pm
Henry Ford SandCastles
Grief Support Program for Children and Families
Support Model
Year-Round Program
SandCastles Camp
Volunteer with SandCastles
Events and Fundraisers
Activities for Teachers, Therapists, and Other Helpers
Program Manager: Peggy Nielsen, MA, LPC
Peggy holds a Bachelor’s degree in Business Administration and a Master’s degree in Counseling. She is a Licensed Professional Counselor. She has worked with Ele’s Place in Lansing, MI and was Executive Director at Erin’s House in Ft. Wayne, IN. Peggy started SandCastles in 1997 and has built it up to the 8 sites we currently have today. Peggy was instrumental in creating the Healing Hearts Camp, which merged with The Moyer Foundation in 2009 to become Camp Erin Detroit, and finally grew and branched off to become SandCastles Camp in 2019. Peggy is honored to be working in and furthering the field of children’s grief support and to have had the opportunity to build and grow these programs.
Program Supervisor: Michele S. Kreft, MSW, LMSW-CM
Michele holds a Bachelor’s degree in Fine Arts and a Master’s degree in Clinical Social Work with her certificate in School Social Work. She is a certified Trauma and Loss Consultant and School Specialist. She has worked at the Children’s Home of Detroit and Catholic Social Services. Michele started as a volunteer before being hired as staff in 1998. She worked as a Clinical Coordinator for five years before being promoted into the Program Supervisor role in 2003. Michele’s artistic background has uniquely influenced her work in healing families in their grief.
Alyssia Green
Email: agreen13@hfhs.org
Alyssia receiver her Bachelor of Science degree in Psychology from Eastern Michigan University in 2015 and is currently pursuing her Master’s degree in Clinical Social Work at Wayne State University. During her first year in the MSW program, Alyssia interned with SandCastles at the Detroit, Southfield, and Livonia sites. She currently works as the Office Coordinator and also interns with Henry Ford Hospice. Prior to her internship at SandCastles, Alyssia volunteered as a support group facilitator with Ele’s Place in Ann Arbor. Alyssia is very passionate about the services that SandCastles provides and feels that she has found her calling in working with and supporting the healing of children and families during their grief journey.
Kelly Beesley, MSW
Email: kbeesle1@hfhs.org
Kelly holds a Bachelor’s degree in Psychology and a Master’s degree in Social Work. She has a variety of professional experience in healthcare, subacute rehabilitation, hospital, and emergency room social work. In 2014, after six years volunteering as program facilitator in Livonia and at Camp Erin, she was grateful for the opportunity to join the SandCastles team. Kelly is honored to be present for children and families during this time in their life and inspired by their ability to support each other, and find hope and healing.
Kailey Hanrath, LLMSW
Email: kgrubb2@hfhs.org
Kailey possesses a Bachelor’s degree in Fine Arts and a Master’s degree in Clinical Social Work with a school social work certification. She came to SandCastles as an intern from Wayne State University in 2017 and joined the team as a staff member in 2018. Kailey loves working with a team that is so dedicated to hope and healing, and she feels grateful to be able to walk beside the children and families in their grief.
Linda Van de Vyver
Email: lvandev1@hfhs.org
Linda joined SandCastles in 2003 as a Program Coordinator. Previously, Linda worked in banking as an International Banker Specialist. Linda’s love of working with children/teens came from her many years as a Youth Minister with her husband. Linda pursued further education in the field of Hospice. She is a graduate of Madonna University with a Master’s degree in Hospice and Palliative Studies. Linda enjoys working with the families to find hope and healing through this difficult time in their lives.
CLINICAL COORDINATORS
Jennifer Buell Haskamp, LMSW-CM
Email: jbuell1@hfhs.org
Jennifer holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology and Sociology and a Master of Social Work degree with a concentration in Family and Children’s Services. She has worked with Henry Ford Health System since 1998, joining the SandCastles team in 1999 where she has served in many roles over the years. Additionally, she has experience working in an inpatient adult, dual diagnosis, psychiatric hospital setting. Jennifer is also a part-time faculty member in the Sociology Department at Schoolcraft College. Jennifer has a great passion for her work here at SandCastles and feels truly honored to walk this incredible grief journey alongside our families.
Lizanne Chisholm, MA, LPC, NCC
Email: lchisho1@hfhs.org
Lizanne holds a Bachelor’s degree in Psychology and a Master’s degree in Counseling, specializing in mental health. She is nationally board certified and also a Licensed Professional Counselor in the state of Michigan. Lizanne has been with SandCastles since its inception in 1997, starting as a volunteer and then hiring in as staff in 1999. Additionally, she has a private practice in Lake Orion, MI where she works individually with clients of all ages related to trauma, grief, and other loss issues. Lizanne appreciates being a beacon of hope while helping to create a healing place for families with so many caring hearts at SandCastles.
Timothy Holmer, LMSW
Email: tholmer1@hfhs.org
Tim has been with SandCastles since its inception, starting initially as a volunteer and then as a Clinical Coordinator in 1997. He holds Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Social Work from Wayne State University and a certificate in End-of-Life Care from Smith College. Tim has worked as a hospice social worker, volunteers his time, and is an artist.
To reach our main office, please email sandcastles@hfhs.org or call 313-771-7005.
© Henry Ford SandCastles. All rights reserved.
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Background and represent probably the most medically relevant genera of pitvipers
September 10, 2018 September 10, 2018 Hazel Steward Blogging
Background and represent probably the most medically relevant genera of pitvipers in Central and South America. venoms not used in the immunization combination, indicating that antivenoms against conspecific venoms may be used equivalently for the medical treatment of envenomings caused by any bushmaster varieties. Author summary Snakebite envenoming is a neglected public health problem in many developing countries and antivenom administration constitutes the mainstay in the treatment of such envenomings. Restorative antivenoms consist of animal-derived antibodies against venom toxins and are produced by immunizing animals with the venom from one or several snake varieties from a defined geographical area. Defining the geographic boundaries of the effectiveness of an antivenom therefore offers implications for its rational and efficient use. In Central and South America most incidents are caused by pitvipers of 156161-89-6 manufacture the genus and varieties cause severe envenomings in humans due to the toxicity of their venoms and also to the large amount of venom they inject into their victims. With this work we investigate the capability of several antivenoms to neutralize the harmful activities of a panel of venoms. The results demonstrate Nfia that antivenoms raised by immunizing horses with the venoms of different varieties are effective at neutralizing congeneric 156161-89-6 manufacture venoms not used in the immunization, indicating that they could be used equivalently for the medical treatment of any lachesic envenoming. Intro Snakebite envenoming is really a public ailment along with a neglected disease in lots of tropical and sub-tropical parts of Africa, Asia, Latin America and Oceania, specifically affecting probably the most impoverished and geopolitically disadvantaged rural neighborhoods [1C4]. Between 1.2 and 5.5 million folks are victims of snakebites each year, resulting in 95.000C125.000 fatalities and leaving a lot more than 400.000 people who have permanent physical and psychological sequelae [4C7]. In Central and SOUTH USA most mishaps are due to pitvipers from the Viperidae family members, subfamily Crotalinae, with and getting the most clinically relevant genera. Genus comprises the longest pitvipers on earth, with adults varying long from 2 to 2.5 m. The four nominal types of the genus, (Central American bushmaster), (Black-headed bushmaster), (Chocoan busmaster) and (South American bushmaster) inhabit remote control forested regions of Central and South America, and on the island of Trinidad [8C10]. Central and South American populations of diverged around 18.0C6.5 Mya, having a later split between and taking place 11C4 Mya, while differentiation of South American lineages occurred 800.000 to 300.000 years ago [8]. is definitely distributed through the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama; is found in the Pacific versant of southwestern Costa Rica, and the great western regions of Panama; inhabits both the Atlantic and 156161-89-6 manufacture Pacific versants of western Panama and into northwestern Colombia, within the Atlantic coast, where it extends southward into the Cauca and Magdalena rivers valleys, and along the Pacific versant of Colombia into northwestern Ecuador. is the most widely distributed varieties of the genus, including the equatorial forest east of the 156161-89-6 manufacture Andes, from Colombia, eastern Ecuador, Peru, northern Bolivia, eastern and southern Venezuela to Guyana, Surinam, People from france Guiana and most of northern Brazil [10]. Two subspecies of are reported: and in the Amazonia basin [11]. Human 156161-89-6 manufacture being bites by varieties are not frequent but when happen cause severe envenoming due to large amount of venom (200C411 mg) injected into the victim and also owing to its toxicity in humans, as reported for snakebites in Brazil, Colombia and Costa Rica [11C21]. Common local effects include agonizing burning-throbbing pain, slight hemorrhage, edema, and blister formation. These signs and symptoms are accompanied by systemic alterations, such as hemorrhage, coagulopathy, cardiovascular collapse, and by the so-called syndrome, an alteration of the autonomic nervous.
156161-89-6 manufacture Nfia
Individual leucocyte antigen (HLA) compatibility may be the key determining the
Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a leading reason behind childhood loss of
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Former central banker Viral Acharya cautions India against deficit financing
Acharya, who resigned last year after raising concerns about the central bank’s independence and the health of state-run lenders, was referring to experience of the past when the RBI’s monetization of government debt led to a spike in consumer prices and a balance of payments crisis. The RBI’s mandate is to keep inflation within a band of 2%-6%.
With the coronavirus outbreak presenting that opportunity, Acharya said this could lead to financial repression in the economy.
Former central banker Viral Acharya warned against the Reserve Bank of India monetizing the government’s budget deficit, citing risks to inflation and external sector stability.
“Adopting this approach is also deeply flawed,” according to excerpts from Acharya’s soon-to-be-released book: ‘Quest for Restoring Financial Stability in India.’ It “would mean regressing to errors of the 1970s and 1980s.”
While India’s Fiscal Responsibility and and Budget Management Act prevents the central bank from buying bonds directly from the government in the primary market, calls have been growing to get the RBI to directly buy the sovereign’s debt using a provision in the law that allows such an action in the event of the country facing a national calamity or a severe slowdown.
With the coronavirus outbreak presenting that opportunity, Acharya said this could lead to financial repression in the economy. It could also fan India’s twin deficits — fiscal and current-account gaps — leading to a loss in investor confidence.
“Such risk has materialized unexpectedly at least once a decade over the past 30 years with several minor hiccups in between. History tells us that we ignore this risk at our own peril,” he wrote.
Indian inflation
viral acharya
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https://apnews.com/article/cee1d028e0154c7fb0c77f176fa58127
Detroit renames street after Aretha Franklin, Queen of Soul
June 9, 2017 GMT
In this Thursday, June 8, 2017 photo, a street sign for Aretha Franklin Way is unveiled at the corner of Madison and Brush streets, outside of Music Hall in Detroit. (David Guralnick/The Detroit News)/Detroit News via AP)
DETROIT (AP) — Aretha Franklin’s hometown of Detroit has named a street after her.
A section of Madison Street, between Brush and Witherell, was named Aretha Franklin Way for The Queen of Soul on Thursday. The area is at the heart of a performing arts district that includes the Detroit Opera House.
Franklin told a crowd gathered at the Music Hall Center for the Performing Arts that she knew she would “get weepy” by the honor.
The 75-year-old Franklin thanked the Detroit City Council for the honor, which she called magnificent. She went on to recall her youthful days skating at the Arcadia Ballroom and singing at the Flame Show Bar.
The street-naming launched four days of events for the inaugural Detroit Music Weekend, designed to showcase the city’s artists.
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Pompeo the Warmonger Supports Authoritarian Regimes
On January 2 US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo visited Brazil, and his Department noted that in discussions with Foreign Minister Ernesto Araujo they “highlighted the importance of working together to address regional and global challenges, including supporting the people of Venezuela, Cuba, and Nicaragua in restoring their democratic governance and their human rights.” Pompeo declared that the US and Brazil “have an opportunity to work alongside each other against authoritarian regimes.”
From this we gather that Pompeo is a strong advocate of democratic governance and will always make it clear that the United States supports unfortunate people living in countries having “authoritarian regimes.” It is apparent he must believe in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which states that “everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion.”
Unfortunately it transpired that Pompeo is a selective supporter of democracy and freedom of religion, because after he left Brazil and went to the Middle East he voiced vigorous support for despots who rule countries in a manner that is undeniably authoritarian.
In a speech in Cairo on January 10 Pompeo threatened Iran and declared that “Nations are rallying to our side to confront the regime like never before. Egypt, Oman, Kuwait, and Jordan have all been instrumental in thwarting Iran’s efforts to evade sanctions.” It must be gratifying for him that these nations have joined the US in its crusade against Iran, three of them being hereditary monarchies and one run by a non-regal martinet.
Oman, for example, is “an absolute monarchy by male primogeniture. The Sultan, Qaboos bin Said al Said, has been the hereditary leader of the country since 1970.” Freedom House notes that “The regime restricts virtually all political rights and civil liberties, and imposes criminal penalties for criticism and dissent… Political parties are not permitted, and the authorities do not tolerate other forms of organized political opposition.”
In Jordan “the monarch holds wide executive and legislative powers, including the appointment of the prime minister and all seats of the senate. The monarch approves and dismisses judges; signs, executes or vetoes all laws; and can suspend or dissolve parliament.”
The leader of Kuwait, the Amir, according to the CIA Factbook, is “chosen from within the ruling family, confirmed by the National Assembly; the prime minister and deputy prime ministers are appointed by the Amir.” In this autocracy, according to Human Rights Watch, there are “no laws prohibiting domestic violence or marital rape… a man who finds his mother, wife, sister or daughter in the act of adultery and kills them is punished by either a small fine or no more than three years in prison.”
Pompeo wants “democratic governance and human rights” in Venezuela, Cuba, and Nicaragua. Why not in Oman, Jordan and Kuwait?
The only one of Pompeo’s countries not ruled by a supreme monarch is Egypt, whose president is Field Marshal Abdel Fattah al-Sisi who “was elected in May 2014, almost a year after he removed his elected predecessor, the Muslim Brotherhood’s Mohammed Morsi, from office in a coup.” Sisi “won a second four-year-term in March 2018 against a sole minor opposition candidate. Human rights lawyer Khalid Ali and former prime minister Ahmad Shafiq withdrew from the race, and the former armed forces chief of staff Sami Anan was arrested.”
In his warmongering anti-Iran, anti-Syria speech Pompeo announced that his visit to Egypt was “especially meaningful for me as an evangelical Christian, coming so soon after the Coptic Church’s Christmas celebrations” and visited the Cathedral of the Nativity of Christ and the Al-Fattah Al-Alim mosque where he praised Egypt’s “freedoms here in this houses [sic] of worship, these big, beautiful, gorgeous buildings where the Lord is clearly at work.”
He ignored Amnesty International’s statement that in Egypt “the authorities continued to violate the right to freedom of religion by discriminating against Christians.” His own Department recorded that last year “Irrespective of religion, authorities also did not apply equal protection to all citizens and sometimes closed churches, in violation of the law, according to multiple sources.”
The bigotry of the Egyptian regime and its clerics was epitomised on January 13 when Al Azhar University which is responsible for “a national network of schools with approximately two million students” expelled a female student for being hugged by a male friend. The scandal was revealed in a video clip which “showed a young man carrying a bouquet of flowers kneeling before a young woman and then hugging her in what appeared to be a marriage proposal.” According to a University spokesman this violates “the values and principles of society”. There was not a word from Pompeo, that self-declared admirer of Egyptian places of worship where “the Lord is clearly at work.”
Pompeo continued his tour of the region, and next day, as he landed in Saudi Arabia, the Egyptian regime announced that for the seventh time it had extended its state of emergency which “allows authorities to take exceptional security measures, including the referral of terrorism suspects to state security courts, the imposition of curfews and the confiscation of newspapers.” This would be supported in Saudi Arabia where, as chronicled by Freedom House, the “absolute monarchy restricts almost all political rights and civil liberties. No officials at the national level are elected. The regime relies on extensive surveillance, the criminalization of dissent, appeals to sectarianism, and public spending supported by oil revenues to maintain power. Women and religious minorities face extensive discrimination in law and in practice.”
This discrimination was highlighted by the New York Times on January 13 when it published an Op-Ed by Alia al-Houthlal that implored Pompeo to ask Saudi Prince Mohammad bin Salman to release her sister, the women’s rights activist, Loujain al-Houthlal, who is imprisoned in Riyadh. Ms Alia al-Houthlal wrote that her sister had been tortured in prison, and that a close associate of bin Salman, Saud al-Qahtani, who has been named in connection with the murder of Mr Jamal Khashoggi [brutally killed in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul on October 2 last year], was present at several torture sessions.
The Times reported that Pompeo began his conversation with bin Salman, the de facto ruler of Saudi Arabia, by saying “I want to talk to you about a couple of places we’ve been. We think we learned a lot along the way that will be important going forward.” There was no mention of the torture of Loujain al-Houthlal or any other gross violations of human rights in Saudi Arabia where the regime continues to “repress peaceful activists and dissidents, harassing writers, online commentators and others who exercised their right to freedom of expression by expressing views against government policies.”
There was none of that embarrassing stuff. It was all skated over, with Pompeo saying only that “we spoke about human rights issues here in Saudi Arabia – women activists. We spoke about the accountability that – and the expectations that we have. The Saudis are friends, and when friends have conversations, you tell them what your expectations are.”
Pompeo’s expectations include joint action with the Saudi regime and other Middle East autocracies to “counter Iranian malign influence,” which he regards as an even higher priority than “working against authoritarian regimes” in Latin America, which Washington is determined to dominate. Pompeo’s objections to authoritarianism are highly selective, for in his Cairo speech he confined himself to describing Iran “malevolent,” and “oppressive” while denouncing “Iranian expansion” and “regional destruction,” which is a trifle ironic, coming from a Secretary of State whose military devastated Iran’s neighbours, Iraq and Afghanistan.
Pompeo’s ethical approach is decidedly ambiguous and his moral flexibility would attract the admiration of a trampoline gymnast. His Cairo speech was titled “A Force for Good: America’s Reinvigorated Role in the Middle East,” but it is apparent that reinvigoration is confined to plans for destruction of Iran, in which Washington will be assisted by Pompeo’s friends — the Middle East’s authoritarian regimes.
By Brian Cloughley
Source: Strategic Culture
Biden Exploits His Capitol Gains
EgyptMiddle EastMike PompeoSaudi ArabiaUS
Ground Zero Nagasaki: Living the Nuclear Past — and Future
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Attraction Checklist
Canada Far and Wide in Circle-Vision 360 - Epcot - Attraction Checklist #93
http://www.attractionchecklist.com - Grant and John head back to Epcot to see the new Circle-Vision 360 film Canada Far and Wide starring Catherine O'Hara and Eugene Levy. Recorded on January 16, 2020.
Welcome to Attraction Checklist.
This episode we venture back to World Showcase in Epcot to check out the new film Canada - Far and Wide. The guide map says: Explore Canada in an updated edition of the classic Epcot Circle-Vision 360 film.
There are no age or height requirements for this attraction and no Thrill Level listed as well.
And now, before we experience the new film, here are five fast facts about Canada Far and Wide.
1. On November 17, 2018, it was announced that the Circle-Vision 360 film playing in the Canada Pavilion, called O’Canada, would be updated as part of the major overhaul of Epcot. Though there were previous in the days before, the film officially debuted on January 17, 2020.
2. While Martin Short did not reprise his role as narrator for the new film, Disney didn’t search Far and Wide for his replacements! The new film is narrated by Short’s SCTV Castmates, Catherine O’Hara and Eugene Levy!
3. The film features a brand new musical score by Canadian composer Andrew Lockington.
4. This attractions signature song, Canada (You’re A Lifetime Journey) remains unchanged from the previous version, sung by Canadian Idol winner Eva Avilla.
5. Canada Far and Wide features newly shot 360 degree footage mixed with film from previous versions including the 1982, opening day version.
The attraction audio recorded for this episode is available exclusively to the Saturday Morning Media Patron Patron. Support the show and get fun Bonus content over at http://www.patreon.com/saturdaymorningmedia
Episode edited by Stephen Staver
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Show ©2020 Saturday Morning Media/Grant Baciocco
Ride along on one Disney fan’s quest to ride and review every attraction at the Disney Theme Parks. Hosted by Grant Baciocco, Jim Henson Company puppeteer and creator of The Radio Adventures of Dr. Floyd.
© ©2016-2019 Saturday Morning Media/Grant Baciocco
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27 Raw Images That Document The Birth Of The Blues
By Mark Oliver
Like this gallery?
And if you liked this post, be sure to check out these popular posts:
25 Lomax Family Photos From The Archive Of American Folk Song
Meet Ma Rainey, The 'Mother Of The Blues' Who Fought For Her Voice In Jim Crow America
"Superheroes With Microphones": The Birth Of Hip-Hop In New York
Huddie "Lead Belly" Ledbetter, one of the most celebrated blues singers of all time, stands in a prison compound.
Leadbelly had convicted for attempted homicide after stabbing a white man in a fight. He found his way into Louisiana State Penitentiary (pictured here in 1934), one of the places where the blues was born.Library of Congress
Lead Belly, in prison stripes, plays the guitar.
Being discovered in a Louisiana prison would be Lead Belly's big break. His recordings with John and Alan Lomax, made inside a prison cell, would be the start of his career.
Louisiana State Penitentiary. 1934.Library of Congress
Aunt Harriett McClintock sings for John Lomax, recording out of the back of his car.
"My Mama learned it to me," Aunt Harriett told John Lomax, after singing her song. "She dead about thirty years."
Sumterville, Alabama. 1940.Library of Congress
A group of prisoners work while they sing a song called "Rock Island Line." Their song would later be covered by everyone from Harry Belafonte to Johnny Cash.
Gould, Arkansas. 1934.Library of Congress
Blind Willie McTell plays his guitar inside of a hotel room.
Atlanta, Georgia. 1940.Library of Congress
Lead Belly plays the accordion.
Location unspecified. 1942.Wikimedia Commons / Library of Congress
James "Iron Head" Baker made the first recording of the classic song "Black Betty" from inside of a jail cell at the age of 63.
Sugar Land, Texas. 1934.Library of Congress
Baker had spent the last 30 years in and out of jail cells. "I'se a H.B.C.," Baker told Lomax. "Habitual criminal, you know."
Baker often recorded with another prisoner, Moses "Clear Head" Platt. Platt's music, which was recently used in the film 12 Years A Slave, was recorded inside of a jail cell.
A homemade horn, drum and washboard, fashioned together by people without the money to buy instruments in a store but the need to play music.
Location unspecified. Circa 1934-1950.Library of Congress
Stavin' Chain sings "Batson."
Lafayette, Louisiana. 1934.Library of Congress
Stavin' Chain's songs, like "Winnin' Boy Blues," would later be covered by artists like Jelly Roll Morton and Big Joe Williams.
Children play a singing game.
Eatonville, Florida. 1935.Library of Congress
A group of Mexican girls, whose names have been lost to time, sing into Alan Lomax's microphone.
San Antonio, Texas. 1934.Library of Congress
Gabriel Brown and Rochelle Harris play a song.
Zora Neale Hurston, the famous author of Their Eyes Were Watching God, sits down to hear Gabriel Brown and Rochelle French play.
Convict John Bray, also known as "Big Nig," was discovered leading a prison work crew, singing songs about his time in the trenches of France during World War I.
Amelia, Louisiana. 1934.Library of Congress
Lightnin' Washington leads a line of convicts in song, the axes in their hands pounding in time as the percussion for their song.
Darrington State Farm, Texas. 1934.Library of Congress
Lightnin' Washington smoking inside a prison work house.
Homemade horns.
Unspecific location. Circa 1935-1950.Library of Congress
Noel Lebeau holds his trumpet in his hotel room.
Shreveport, Louisiana. 1940.Library of Congress
Bill Tatnall plays on the front porch of his home.
Frederica, Georgia. 1935.Library of Congress
Sam "Old Dad" Ballard.
New Iberia, Louisiana. 1934.Library of Congress
Uncle Billy McCrea, born a slave, sits down to talk with Lomax and share his songs.
Jasper, Texas. 1940.Library of Congress
Booker T. Sapps, Roger Mathews, and Willie Flowers play their song "Po' Laz'us."
Belle Glade, Florida. 1935.Library of Congress
Leadbelly, now out of prison, brushes the snow off of a car.
After his release, Lead Belly worked as John Lomax's driver to pay his way through the outside world. Lead Belly got out of prison while his fame as the "singing convict" was growing. The governor had to issue a public denial that his early release had anything to do with his growing celebrity.
Wilton, Connecticut. 1935.Library of Congress
Lead Belly, a free man, poses with his newly-wedded wife, Martha Promise Ledbetter.
No one person created the blues. It was a sound born from slaves on plantations, shaped in prison chain gangs, and turned into a new style of music on the back porches of poor, African-American homes in the late 1800s.
In the 1930s, folklorists John, Alan, and Ruby Lomax traveled the South in the search of the birthplace of blues. Sure enough, they found it in the poorest parts of the region: in prisons, in hovels, and in the homes of former slaves.
The people whose music the Lomaxes photographed and recorded during their travels were nameless, poor folk without a penny to call to their own – but some of the recordings they made would change history.
In front of the Lomaxes' microphone, Blind Willie McTell would turn himself into a household name. A chain gang would sing “Rock Island Line” before Harry Belafonte and Johny Cash. James “Iron Head” Baker would become the first person to record the classic song “Black Betty.”
Huddie “Lead Belly” Ledbetter would be the Lomaxes' biggest "find." When they came upon Ledbetter, he was imprisoned, facing charges of attempted manslaughter, and possessed of a sad, soulful voice. The Lomaxes were the first to record him, sparking the career of one of the most famous and influential early blues musicians.
The Lomax recordings weren’t the first blues recordings ever made – but they were closer to the music's source than anything documented since. These recordings were captured in the places where the blues was truly born: not on a lighted stage, but in the souls of poor folk across the South.
The people that the Lomax family photographed and recorded were simply singing songs that they’d heard for decades, passed down from their relatives and the like. They were penniless people singing the songs they'd heard their whole lives -- and, without knowing it, singing songs that would change music forever.
For more on the birthplaces of storied American cultural movements, take a look at the Harlem Renaissance and the heyday of the Beatniks in New York.
Mark Oliver
Mark Oliver is a writer, teacher, and father whose work has appeared on The Onion's StarWipe, Yahoo, and Cracked, and can be found on his website.
47 Photos Of Queen Elizabeth II Way Before She Looked Like Your Grandmother
Meet The Suffragettes Who Defended Women's Rights With Jujutsu
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Live on Abilene, area stages: Blind Dreamer album release Saturday
Nathaniel Ellsworth | Abilene Reporter-News
Local musical artist Blind Dreamer will celebrate the release of his album "325 Hooligan Ep" from 8-10 p.m. Saturday at The Peoples Plaza, 1290 S. Willis St. Also featured will be artists Polow and Marcu$ Anthony.
Doors will open at 7:30 p.m. Tickets are $10, with a $5 cooler fee.
If you’re a musician who has a gig, or you’re a venue owner who has a musician playing, send us your information. It’s free to be listed here, but we can’t tell everyone who’s playing if no one tells us.
Send your information to publishme@reporternews.com; or via mail in care of the Reporter-News, P.O. Box 30., Abilene, TX 79604.
Deadline is one week before publication.
Betty Rose's Little Brisket, 3934 Catclaw Drive. Dayne Pack, 7 p.m. Saturday. Braxton Keith, 7 p.m. Wednesday. Blan Scott, 7 p.m. Dec. 19. Matt Stapp, 7 p.m. Dec. 23.
Firehouse Bar & Grill, 2074 Butternut St. Wildman Karaoke, 9 p.m. Friday and Dec. 18.
Heff's Burgers, 4310 Buffalo Gap Road. Mind Trip, 9 p.m. Saturday. The Backyard Boys, 8:30 p.m. Dec. 18.
Homer's Bar & Music Venue, 4201 N. First St. Grime Fest, 8:30 p.m. Saturday, $5 for age 21 and up, $10 for ages 18-20.
Lone Star Diner, 829 N. Judge Ely Blvd. Haydn Bartlow, 7 p.m. Friday.
The Peoples Plaza, 1290 S. Willis St. Blind Dreamer, Polow and Marcu$ Anthony, 8 p.m. Saturday, $10.
P.T. Event Center, 5126 Brick St. Bobby Flores & The Yellow Rose Band, 7 p.m.
Canyon Road Barn & Grill, 5790 FM 3418. Pat Waters, 9:30 p.m. Saturday.
Rancho Loma Vineyards, 411 S. Commercial Ave. The Self Family, 6 p.m. Saturday.
Note: All live entertainment listings are subject to change without notice.
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Brief History of Polonia (Polish diaspora)
Polonia are Poles who were either born in Poland and came to the United States, or persons born in the United States who are of Polish origin. Polonia does not forget Poland. Frequently, the cherished memories of their native country or of the country of their ancestors inspired and empowered them to do great things for the glory of both of these lands and for the sake of humanity in general.
IN MANY PLACES ON EARTH there are people thinking of Poland, who for different reasons during the farthest stages of the stormy history of Poland, left their country and settled in the farthest corners of the world.
A study tells us that a certain Francisco Fernandez, who accompanied Columbus on his great voyage of discovery, was none other than Franciszek Warnadowicz, a Pole who had settled in Spain.
When establishing his Virginia Colony, the famous English adventurer, Sir Walter Raleigh is said to have used the services of Polish pitch makers who had landed at Roanoke in North Carolina.
On October 1, five Poles reached the shores of the New World on board the English ship “Mary and Margaret.” These men were skilled craftsmen who helped to found the settlement of Jamestown. They opened a glasswork and manufactured pitch, tar, potash and ships cordage. A bronze plaque, commemorating their landing in Jamestown, mentions specifically Michal Lowicki, Zbigniew Stefanski, Jan Bogdan, Jan Mata and Stanislaw Sadowski. This arrival of a group of Polish settlers in the New World, twelve years before the Mayflower, whose passengers are generally considered the pioneers of European civilization on the North American continent, is an established fact.
Olbracht Zaborowski was the first justice of the Peace in Upper Bergen County, NJ, and his grandson Jan Zabrieskie was one of the organizers of the movement against British rule.
In the second half of the 17th century, a large group of Polish Aryans left Poland after the Swedish invasion of 1655-66, and settled in New Amsterdam where they held high posts.
The town and fort of Sandusky on the Ohio River was named after its founder Jan Sadowski.
During the Polish struggle against the partitioning powers, Russia and Austro-Hungary, the high principles of Polish emigres won them the respect throughout the world in their struggle “for your freedom and ours”.
A most distinguished place in the history of the American War of Independence was won by two great heroes, Tadeusz Kosciuszko (1746-1817), and Kazimierz Pulaski.
The deportation of hundreds of members of the 1830 Polish Insurrection by the Prussians and Austrians, who loaded them on ships in Gdansk and Trieste, which landed in New York in March of 1834, marked the beginning of large-scale political immigration to the United States. Further immigration by both groups and individuals followed.
Aleksander Bielaski, a railway engineer who came to America in 1832, was one of the constructors of the Illinois Central Railroad. He was a personal friend of President Abraham Lincoln and died fighting in the Civil War.
The Revolution of 1848 against the occupying powers encouraged many to return home hoping for freedom in their homeland. However, new disasters forced some 7,000 leading patriots to leave the country again.
In this year, a Franciscan monk, Father Leopold Moczygemba, arrived with 800 men, women and children and founded Panna Maria, in Texas. He organized a parish called Jasna Gora (The Shining Mountain) in Illinois and became one of the founders of a Polish Theological Seminary in Detroit. Several years later, Kaszubians, an ancient Slavic group, settled in Webster, Detroit, Chicago and Winona.
Maria Elzbieta Zakrzewska, a pioneer of Health Services for women, founded the first American Hospital for Women in New York and another in Boston in 1859.
Over 3,000 Polish men bravely fought in the Civil War against the Confederates. A year after the suppression of the bloody January Polish Insurrection of 1863, 10,000 of its most active participants sought refuge abroad, the majority going to France, the rest going to Turkey and Switzerland.
The significance of the so-called Great Immigration in the history of the Polish nation was due, above all, to the fact that it included not only priests and nuns, peasants and exiled politicians and leaders, but also prominent thinkers, scholars, military men and people in the arts. During the 1870s there were 50,000 Polish immigrants in the United States. In 1882 there were already 200,000; in 1890 the number had grown to 1,000,000; in 1900 the number expanded to 2,000,000; in 1910 there were 2,500,000, of whom 1,600,000 had been born in the United States and spoke Polish. Their struggle for the independence for “Poland and bread” was accompanied by a belief in the brotherhood of all nations. The thoughts of Mickiewicz, cited in the introduction, express these ideas most eloquently. The massive immigration was the basis for the establishment of large Polish centers in the United States. All socioeconomic classes were represented. Their sense of nationality was a common integrating factor under difficult circumstances. Economic reasons were the primary driving force for these immigrations.
In November of this year, the Felician Order of Women arrived in the United States. They responded to a request by Father Jozef Dabrowski to work in Polish centers. The Sisters worked industriously to preserve the best of Polish ethos, especially among children.
The outbreak of the First World War mobilized Poles all over the world to fight for the liberation of their native country. A Polish volunteer corps of 23,000 men was formed in the United States and they fought valiantly in the French Campaign.
The Idea for The Central Polish Committee of Assistance (to Poland) was formed in the United States and it was realized in Switzerland and headed by Henryk Sienkiewicz and Ignacy Paderewski.
The restoration of a free Poland aroused enthusiasm among Poles the world over and many resolved to return to their native country, but disillusion followed. In the chaos of post-war inflation and economic difficulties, after 123 years of foreign domination, many thousands lost all their hard earned savings.
During these years many Poles flowed back into to the United States.
Due to the Second World War, there was an interruption in this flow and it began again in the late 1940s. Finally, the Poles realized that they were no longer immigrants, as Senator S. Nowak stated, but “were becoming part and parcel of the American community.” At this time, they acquired the name ‘Polonia
As a result of the Yalta Agreement, millions of Poles found themselves outside the borders of pre-war Poland. About 150,000 left Poland after September 1939 and more than 600,000 found themselves inside of the Soviet Union. Additionally, during the Nazi occupation, 2,500,000 Poles were deported as slave laborers to Germany. About 300,000 Polish soldiers were in German Prisoner of War camps. Approximately 3,000,000 Poles died in concentration camps and as the result of other atrocities. Another consequence of the war was the fact that the Polish communities in Canada and France each absorbed about 100,000 Poles, Australia absorbed 80,000 Poles and SO,000 not wishing to live under the communist regime in Poland, remained in Germany and other European countries.
A legislative act of that year enabled the United States to carry a larger share of refugees. The Displaced Persons Act admitted 202,000 mainly Polish-speaking persons.
According to the U.S. Census 861,000 persons living in the United States were born in Poland and 6,000,000 were born on American soil. This new influx of immigrants drastically changed the profile of Polonia. Mutual Aid Societies and Polish parishes extended help and protection to the masses of poor immigrants. Polish schools opened up new prospects for living.
There were 300,000 Polish speaking pupils and 20 Polish American high schools.
Out of a total of about 80 Polish periodicals published in the United States, there were 8 daily and 24 weekly news papers. The tale of the Polish Press in the United States is closely bound up with the history of the immigration from Poland. The first Polish periodical in English was the magazine Poland: Historical, Literap~ Monumental and Picturesque (1841 -1842), published in New York. However, one has to consider Echo z Polski (Echo from Poland), published also in New York, in 1863-1865, the beginning of news periodicals. Both of these were products of the aftermath of Polish uprisings.
The flourishing of the Polish press in the USA came about in the second half of the 19th century. Detroit, one of the largest Polish communities, boasted of having Pielgrzym (Pilgrim), which moved the next year to Chicago as Gazeta Polska Katolicka.
Between 1863 and 1894, there were already 104 Polish newspapers. Most of these were published in Chicago. In 1881, the newly founded Zwiazek Narodowy Polski created Zgoda. This newspaper is still in existence and is one of the oldest Polish newspapers in the USA. A crisis came about in the life of the Polish language press with the introduction of a quota system of immigrants.
Between 1930-1960, the number of Polish periodicals in the U.S. dropped by 56% and the circulation of those periodicals dropped by 47%.
In 1949, there were nine newspapers, not counting weeklies and monthly publications. Fifty years later only two daily newspapers are in existence – Dziennik Zwiazkowy in Chicago and Nowy Dziennik in New York. There were two waves of increases in newspaper publications after World War 11 when 100,000 Poles arrived in the U.S. between 1947-19SS and in the 1980’s with the Solidarity immigration.
During the history of Polonia in the United States innumerable organizations and institutions were founded for the preservation of Polish culture and the dissemination of cultural information, some of which are the following:
Polish American Congress, IL; Kosciuszko Foundation, NY; The Polish Institute of Art and Sciences Inc., NY; The Polish National Alliance, IL; The American Institute of Polish Culture, FL; The American Center of Polish Culture, DC; The Joseph Pilsudski Intitute, NY; The Polish Women’s Alliance, PA; The Polish Falcons of America, PA; American Council for Polish Culture, PA; Polish Association of Former Political Prisoners, NJ; Polish and Slavic Center, NY; Polish Legion of American Veterans, CT; Polish Roman Catholic Union, IL; Polish Scouting Organization, IL.
Due to space limitations the above is only a small portion of an enormous list.
Aloizy Mazewski, President of the Congress of American Poles, said in 1970,
” Of particular interest is the re-emergence of the ethnic awareness amongst 3rd and 4th generation Americans of Polish origin, combined with seeking – in the English language – after the historical and cultural heritage of their ancestors. Another momentous fact is that the members of the Polish intelligentsia, professors and lawyers in particular, are taking an active part in our organizational work. This partly counter balances the gradual disappearance of the Polish districts and the dispersal of Polish settlements, which have broken up our compact community.”
Slowly assimilation and acculturation ensued – but eventually a new wave of immigrants carried the flag of Polonia.
A vigorous offensive by the Polish government was launched to regain the confidence and cooperation of Poles living abroad. Considerable sums of money were released for propaganda purposes and Institutions were organized for that purpose. The main goal was to win the support of the immigrants for the regime and to silence the Polish opposition abroad.
There was a drastic rise in the number of immigrants during this time after General Jaruzelski tightened restrictions within the country. Most of the new immigrants came from the cities, amongst them, as in the past, were members of Poland’s intelligentsia who felt particularly stifled by repression.
An examination of immigrants from Poland to the United States shows the following numbers:
1981 to 1990, 97,000,; 1991 to 1994, 100,000; in 1995, 14,000, and in 1996, 16,000.
During this period Polonia gave great economic and political support to their compatriots in Poland. Poles were again allowed to receive financial support from the outside. In order to ease the difficult financial situation within the country, a new government policy allowed them to travel and work in the West, thus alleviating their living conditions.
Polonia was following with great anticipation the formation in Poland of the “Solidarity” movement, organized by Lech Walesa. They helped financially and used their influence with the United States government officials and the press. As a result of these helpful activities, Poland attained freedom.
Since the establishment of a democratic rule in Poland, there are more free and normal ties uniting Poland and Polonia which, thanks to its increasing numbers, is gaining strength and becoming a powerful entity and attaining a leading position in the world. As a result, Poland was able to join NATO.
Poland joins the European Union.
July 1, 2011- December 31, 2011
Poland holds office of Presidency of the European Union.
Reach for the stars!
Dear Members and Friends,
What a year 2020 has been! Certainly the Institute projects we have been working on were at the top of the list. They mark not only …...Read More »
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Art Blart
Dr Marcus Bunyan writes Art Blart: art and cultural memory archive
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Marcus Bunyan black & white archive 1991-1997
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Posts Tagged ‘Collingwood Town Hall
Review: ‘PHOTOGRAPHY MEETS FEMINISM: Australian women photographers 1970s-80s’ at the Monash Gallery of Art, Melbourne
By Dr Marcus Bunyan Leave a Comment
Categories: Australian artist, beauty, black and white photography, colour photography, curator, documentary photography, exhibition, existence, fashion photography, gallery website, intimacy, light, Melbourne, memory, Monash Gallery of Art, painting, photographic series, photography, portrait, psychological, quotation, reality, review, space, time and works on paper
Tags: A critical distance, Anne Ferran, Anne Ferran Scenes on the death of nature, Australian artist, Australian culture, Australian feminism, Australian feminist photography, Australian photographer, Australian photography, Christine Godden, Christine Godden Family, Christine Godden Joanie and baby Jade, Christine Godden Joanie pregnant, Christine Godden Untitled c. 1976, Collingwood Town Hall, femininity, feminism, feminist photography in Australia, feminist revolution, Geoff in Bondi, Helen Grace, Helen Grace Women at work, Helen Grace Women seem to adapt to repetitive-type tasks, Hollywood cinema, Joanie and baby Jade, Joanie pregnant, Julie Rrap, Julie Rrap Persona and shadow: Madonna, Lorna and Mary, Madonna, Melbourne, Merryle Johnson, Merryle Johnson Circus, Merryle Johnson Outside the big top, MGA Photography Meets Feminism, Micky Allan, Micky Allan Old age, Mimi and Dany, Miss World televised, Modified myths 1938-88, Monash Gallery of Art, Monash Gallery of Art Photography Meets Feminism, Our mums and us, Outside the big top, Pat Brassington, Pat Brassington Untitled 1984, Persona and shadow: Madonna, Photography Meets Feminism, Ponch and Ida, Ponch Hawkes, Ponch Hawkes Lorna and Mary, Ponch Hawkes Mimi and Dany, Ponch Hawkes Our mums and us, Ponch Hawkes Ponch and Ida, Queensland out west, Redline 7000, Robyn Stacey, Robyn Stacey Geoff in Bondi, Robyn Stacey Ice, Robyn Stacey Jet, Robyn Stacey Modified myths 1938-88, Robyn Stacey Picnic, Robyn Stacey Queensland out west, Robyn Stacey Redline 7000, Robyn Stacey Untitled (Picnic), Ruth Maddison, Ruth Maddison Let's dance, Ruth Maddison Vehicle Builders Union Ball, Ruth Maddison Women's dance, Scenes on the death of nature, Sue Ford, Sue Ford The Tide Recedes, Sue Ford Untitled 1971, The Tide Recedes, Vehicle Builders Union Ball, Virginia Coventry, Virginia Coventry A critical distance, Virginia Coventry Miss World televised, Women at work, Women seem to adapt to repetitive-type tasks, Women's dance St Kilda Town Hall
Exhibition dates: 17th October – 7th December 2014
Artists: Micky Allan, Pat Brassington, Virginia Coventry, Sandy Edwards, Anne Ferran, Sue Ford, Christine Godden, Helen Grace, Janina Green, Fiona Hall, Ponch Hawkes, Carol Jerrems, Merryle Johnson, Ruth Maddison, Julie Rrap, Robyn Stacey.
Curator: Shaune Lakin
With the National Gallery of Victoria’s photography exhibition program sliding into oblivion – the apparent demise of its only dedicated photography exhibition space on the 3rd floor of NGV International; the lack of exhibitions showcasing ANY Australian artists from any era; and the exhibition of perfunctory overseas exhibitions of mediocre quality (such as the high gloss, centimetre deep Alex Prager exhibition on show at the moment at NGV International) – it is encouraging that Monash Gallery of Art consistently puts on some of the best photography exhibitions in this city. This cracker of an exhibition, the last show curated by Shaune Lakin before his move to the National Gallery of Australia (and his passionate curatorial concept), is no exception. It is one of the best photography exhibitions I have seen all year in Melbourne.
Most of the welcome, usual suspects are here… but seeing them all together is a feast for the eyes and the intellect. While most are social documentary based photographers what I like about this exhibition is that there is little pretension here. The artists use photography as both a means and an end, to tell their story – of mothers, of workers, of dancers, of lovers – and to depict a revolution in social consciousness. What we must remember is the period in which this early work appeared. In the 1970s in Australia there were no formal photography programs at university and photography programs in techs and colleges were only just beginning: Photography Studies College (1973) in South Melbourne, Prahran College of Advanced Education (Paul Cox, John Cato, 1974) and Preston Tech (c. 1973, later Phillip Institute) were all set up in the early 1970s. The National Gallery of Victoria photography department was only set up in 1969 (the third ever in the world) with Jenny Boddington, Assistant Curator of Photography, was appointed in 1972 (later to become the first full time photography curator). There were three commercial photography galleries showing Australian and international work in Melbourne: Brummels (Rennie Ellis), Church Street Photographic Centre (Joyce Evans) and The Photographers Gallery (Paul Cox, John Williams, William Heimerman and Ian Lobb). While some of the artists attended these schools and others were self taught, few had their own darkroom. It was not uncommon for people to develop their negatives and print in bathrooms, toilets, backyard sheds and alike – and the advise was to switch on the shower before printing to clear the dust out of the air, advise in workshops that people did no bat an eyelid at.
What these women did, as Julie Millowick (another photographer who should have been in this exhibition, along with Elizabeth Gertsakis and Ingeborg Tyssen for example) observes of the teaching of John Cato, was “bring to the work knowledge that extended far beyond picking up a camera or going into a darkroom. He [Cato] believed that you must bring to every image you create a wide depth of insight across social, cultural and historical concerns. John was passionate in his belief that an understanding of humanity and society was crucial to our growth as individuals, and ultimately our success as photographers.”1 And so it is with these artists. Never has there been a time in Australian photography when so much social change has been documented by so few for such great advantage. In all its earthiness and connection, the work of these artists is ground breaking. It speaks from the heart for the abused, for the disenfranchised and downtrodden. The work is not only for women by women, as Ponch Hawkes states, but also points the way towards a more enlightened society by opening the eyes of the viewer to multiple points of view, multiple perspectives.
There are few “iconic” images among the exhibition and, as Robert Nelson notes in his review in The Age, little pretension to greatness. One of the surprising elements of the exhibition is how the four photographs by Carol Jerrems (including the famous Vale Street, 1975), seem to loose a lot of their power in this company. They are out muscled in terms of their presence by some of the more essential and earthy series – such as Women at work by Helen Grace and Our mums and us by Ponch Hawkes – and out done in terms of their sensuality by the work of Christine Godden. These were my two favourite bodies of work: Our mums and us and Christine Godden’s sequence of 44 images and the series Family.
Hawkes’ objective series of mother/daughter relationships are deceptively simple in their formal structure (mother and daughter positioned in family homes usually looking directly at the camera), until you start to analyse them. Their unpretentious nature is made up of the interaction that Hawkes elicites from the pairing and the objet trouvé that are worn (the cowgirl boots in Ponch and Ida, 1976) or surround them (the carpet, the table, the plant and the painting in Mimi and Dany, 1976). This relationship adds to the power of the assemblage, juxtaposition of energy and form being a guiding principle in the construction of the image. While the environment might be ‘natural’ it is very much constructed, both physically and psychologically, by the artist.
The work of Christine Godden was a revelation to me. These small, intense images have a powerful magnetism and I kept returning to look at them again and again. There is sensitivity to subject matter, but more importantly a sensuality in the print that is quite overwhelming. Couple this with the feeling of light, space, form and texture and these sometimes fragmentary photographs are a knockout. Just look at the sensitivity of the hands in Untitled, c. 1976. To see that, to capture it, to reveal it to the world – I was almost in tears looking at this photograph. The humanity of that gesture is something that I will treasure.
The only criticism of the exhibition is the lack of a book that addresses one of the most challenging times in Australian photographic history. This important work deserves a fully researched, scholarly publication that includes ALL the players in the story, not just those represented here. It’s about time. As a good friend of mine recently said, “Circles must expand as history moves away from a generation and cohort and, hopefully, the future will ask its own questions” … and I would add, without putting the blinkers on and creating more ideology.
Dr Marcus Bunyan for the Art Blart blog
1. Julie Millowick and Christopher Atkins. “Dr John Cato – Educator,” in Paul Cox and Bryan Gracey (eds.,). John Cato Retrospective. Melbourne: Wilkinson Publishing, 2013.
Many thankx to the Monash Gallery of Art for allowing me to publish the photographs in the posting. Please click on the photographs for a larger version of the image.
“As feminism took off among intellectuals of both sexes, art history would sometimes be interrogated to account for the reasons why there were relatively few great female artists.
While art historians would create reasonable apologies and impute the deficit to centuries of disadvantage to women, it was left to women artists to construct a view of art that redefined the stakes.
They sought a vision that didn’t see art as line-honours in transcendent inventions but a conversation that furthered the sympathy and consciousness of the community”
Robert Nelson The Age Wednesday November 5, 2014
Pat Brassington
From the series 1 + 1 = 3
Monash Gallery of Art, City of Monash Collection
Courtesy of the artist, ARC ONE Gallery (Melbourne), Stills Gallery (Sydney) and Bett Gallery (Hobart)
Pat Brassington‘s photographs have often made use of the artist’s home and family life as subject matter. The photographs included in this exhibition were taken during the early 1980s and, with their tight cropping and diagonal obliques, suggest that family life is an anxious and ambivalent place. Erotically charged body parts – whether partner’s or offspring – are left to hang, like fetish objects drifting through a dream. Brassington is consciously mining the clichés of psychoanalysis, with her focus on shoes, panties and an ominous father figure, but she reworks this symbolism with a comical lightness that is closer to a teen horror film than the analyst’s couch.
Women at work, Newcastle
From the series Series 1
Gelatin silver prints
17.5 x 11.6 cm (each)
Women at work, Newcastle (detail)
Helen Grace was a member of the Sydney-based feminist collective Blatant Image (which also included Sandy Edwards), which formed around the Tin Sheds at Sydney University. The collective was interested in examining and reconfiguring the representation of women in popular culture, and also in developing alternative venues for socially conscious art and film. The photographs displayed here point to the two interconnected preoccupations of Grace’s work at this time: the social and cultural construction of motherhood and femininity (and the way that each of these categories are produced by and through consumerism and popular culture), and the documentation of women’s labour. An active member of Sydney’s labour movement, Grace photographed women working in a range of workplaces (including factories and hospitals) for both the historical record and as promotional aids for activist organisations.
Grace’s Women seem to adapt to repetitive-type tasks was widely shown in Sydney and Melbourne, including the exhibition The lovely motherhood show (1981). This work of seven panoramas depicting a string of nappies on a washing line at once points towards the inexorable tediousness of motherhood, and at the same timeattempts to demystify the romantic myths of motherhood found in contemporary advertising and popular culture. Grace’s photographs were also widely used in posters produced by trade union and women’s groups. During the 1970s and 1980s screen printing was a cheap and effective way to incorporate photographic imagery into posters. Community groups also embraced screen printing because its aesthetic stood in opposition to commercial advertising, and the process lent itself to a do-it-yourself work ethic.
Merryle Johnson
Outside the big top
From the series Circus
Hand coloured gelatin silver prints
Donated by Merryle Johnson, 2014
Merryle Johnson‘s photographic feminism sits alongside her contemporaries Micky Allan and Ruth Maddison. In the first instance, it is expressed in the autobiographical nature of her images, which often refer to her family history. And like Allan and Maddison, Johnson also used hand-colouring to reinvigorate documentary photography and to bring a decidedly female perspective to the medium. Johnson’s contribution to feminist photography in Australia is also reflected in her use of photographic sequences – multiple images printed on the same sheet. In these works, the single, perfectly realised photographic image of Modernist photography was replaced with a series of images that draw attention to the fragmentary, contingent and inconclusive nature of photography. The serialisation of photographs also engages a more embodied, spatialised and assertive experience than single pictures alone.
Joanie and baby Jade, Larkspur
From the series Family
Joanie pregnant
Christine Godden’s Untitled c. 1976 is part of a sequence of 44 images that represented fragments and textures that combine tenderness and formal rigour in a way that evokes a sense of poetry. The series Family c. 1973 details the domestic environment and experience of young families in the American West.
As well as presenting subjects that engaged a ‘feminine’ subject, Godden’s photographs critically interrogate many of the claims for a distinctly ‘feminine sensibility’ being made by and for women artists at this time. The ‘Untitled’ prints on display here were originally exhibited in 1976 at George Paton Gallery, Melbourne and the Australian Centre for Photography in Sydney. These pictures were originally shown as part of a tightly organised sequence of 44 photographs intended to show ‘how women see [and] how women think’. The tightly cropped glimpses of bodies and textures combine tenderness and formal rigour in a way that evokes a sense of visual poetry.
Christine Godden’s Family series comprises a large number of images detailing the domestic environment and experience of young families living in the American west. Godden was at this time a student at the San Francisco Art Institute and was very active in feminist networks, including the Advocates for Women organisation, for whom she photographed events and actions. Godden’s Family series documents her experience of the counter-cultural families of America’s west coast, who provided and celebrated a new model of family life and women’s work.
Installation view of Photography Meets Feminism at the Monash Gallery of Art with, at right, Anne Ferran’s Scenes on the death of nature, scene I and II (1980-86)
Scenes on the death of nature, scene I
122.0 x 162.0 cm
Courtesy the artist and Sutton Gallery (Melbourne)
Anne Ferran‘s series Scenes on the death of nature presents five tableau-like scenes showing the artist’s daughter and her friends in classical dress. When they were first exhibited, commentators noted the enigmatic quality of the images, and how they resisted clear meaning, narrative and any attribute of personal style. To many, they represented a significant shift away from documentary photography. This might well be the ‘death’ to which the titles refer. For the critic Adrian Martin, the pictures appeared to evoke myth, while also being ambivalent about a photograph’s capacity to point to or allude to anything outside of itself; in this way, they can be seen to exemplify a certain post-modern approach to photography.
All the same, it is possible to see these important pictures as signposts for another kind of death. The photographs allude to some of the ways that the subject of girl/woman has been produced through visual culture, whether the monumental friezes of classical or Victorian architecture, or Pre-Raphaelite tableaux. In this way, they evoke the idea of ‘femininity’ as a source of meaning. Rather than rejoicing in, resisting or critiquing ‘femininity’ as earlier feminist photographers might have done, Ferran’s pictures remain steadfastly, even ‘passively’ ambivalent. As the artist wrote at the time, the works reveal ‘very little of a personal vision or private sensibility’. (Wall text)
Installation view of four Carol Jerrems photographs with Vale Street (1975) at left and Lynn
(1976) at right
Vale Street
Gelatin silver photograph
National Gallery of Australia, Canberra
© Ken Jerrems and the Estate of Lance Jerrems
Carol Jerrems was one of a number of Australian women whose work during the 1970s challenged the dominant ideas of what a photographer was and how they worked. She adopted a collaborative approach to making photographs, which often featured friends and associates, and sought a photographic practice that would bring about social change. For Jerrems, as for many of her contemporaries, the photograph was an agent of social change, a means of both bringing people together and creating active and engaged social relationships. As she stated:
I really like people … I try to reveal something about people, because they are so separate, so isolated; maybe it’s a way of bringing people together … I care about [people], I’d like to help them if I could, through my photographs…
The iconic Vale Street shows Jerrems’s friend Catriona Brown standing in front of Mark Lean and Jon Bourke, teenage boys from Heidelberg Technical School where Jerrems was teaching at the time. The photograph was taken at a house in Vale Street, St Kilda. Although it is unclear if Jerrems conceived of this image as a feminist gesture, the subject’s assertive, bare-chested pose and Venus symbol led to this photograph being interpreted as a statement of feminist power.
Installation views of Photography Meets Feminism at the Monash Gallery of Art
Installation view of Ponch Hawkes series Our mums and us at the exhibition Photography Meets Feminism. Her photographs were made by women, of women, for women.
Ponch and Ida
From the series Our mums and us
Donated through the Australian Government’s Cultural Gifts Program by Ian Bracegirdle 2012
Lorna and Mary
Mimi and Dany
Ponch Hawkes‘s best-known series Our mums and us documents a selection of the photographer’s contemporaries standing with their mothers. The photographs were taken at each subject’s family home and record generational shifts in personal style and domestic decor. Originally shown at Brummels Gallery of Photography in 1976, which was Hawkes’s first solo exhibition, Our mums and us has become one of the most celebrated examples of feminist photography in Australia.
The use of pronouns in the title suggests the series was made by women, of women and for women; it is a defiant and celebratory feminist gesture, which foregrounds women as at once independent and connected to each other. Reflecting on the series, Hawkes explains that ‘feminism helped me to understand that my mother was actually a woman too, and not just a mother, and Our mums and us came out of that realisation.’
Ephemera and books from Ponch Hawkes personal collection, including the cover of the seminal book A Book About Australian Women by Carol Jerrems and Virginia Fraser (Melbourne, 1974)
Vehicle Builders Union Ball, Collingwood Town Hall, Melbourne
From the series Let’s dance
Collection of the artist
Women’s dance, St Kilda Town Hall, Melbourne
Ruth Maddison photographed the social spaces that had been important to activist communities but which were in the process of passing away. These were mainly commissioned projects for labour and social movements, otherwise these histories would have been lost.
Dancing and entertainment were features of Ruth Maddison’s work throughout the 1980s. These photographs reflected Maddison’s own social life, which often revolved around Melbourne’s pubs and nightclubs. But there was also a classical documentary function to her photographs of trade union dances and the annual women’s dance at St Kilda Town Hall. These pictures reflected social spaces that had been important to activist communities, but which by the mid-1980s were in the process of passing away; as women’s groups began to fragment, and as the membership of labour organisations changed. The photographs shown here of the Vehicle Builders’ Union Ball at Collingwood Town Hall were part of a commission. Like many photographers in this exhibition (including Helen Grace, Sandy Edwards and Ponch Hawkes), political affiliation and professional practice often came together in commissioned projects for labour and social movements.
Miss World televised
Miss World televised is typical of Virginia Coventry‘s photographic work from this period, which tended to revolve around tightly organised sequences of pictures of the same subject (swimming pools in a Queensland town; the spaces between houses) or an event (a car moving through a carwash; a receding flood).
At the time, Coventry shared a house with Micky Allan. One night, while watching Allan’s black-and-white television, she saw footage of the 1974 Miss World pageant on the news. Immediately taken by the way the poor reception distorted the bodies of the contestants, Coventry began to photograph the footage. Once she developed the film, she realised the visual ‘disruption’ caused by the incongruity of the telecast process and the camera’s shutter speed obscured the figures and the beauty of the contestants, without necessarily deriding or critiquing the women themselves. As Coventry has written of the pictures: “I remember discussions with other women at the time about the way that the distortions offered a protection to the integrity of the actual person in the photo-images. Because of the radical slippage between reportage and reception, the individual is no longer the subject. The title operates to focus attention on Miss World telecast as a quiteabstract construction – as do the black-and-white, grainy, prints.”
“PHOTOGRAPHY MEETS FEMINISM: Australian women photographers 1970s-80s looks at the vital relationship of photography and feminism in Australia during the 1970s and ’80s.
Given the vitality of both feminist politics and art photography during the 1970s, it is not surprising that they entered into a lively exchange that extended into the 1980s. On the one hand, feminists used the highly informative and accessible medium of photography to raise awareness of critical social issues.
On the other hand, photographic artists embraced feminist themes as a way of making their practice less esoteric and more engaged with contemporary life. This productive intersection of feminism and photography fostered a range of technical innovations and critical frameworks that made a significant contribution to the direction of visual culture in Australia.
PHOTOGRAPHY MEETS FEMINISM: Australian women photographers 1970s-80s will feature vintage prints of important photographs, many of which have not been seen for decades.
MGA Interim Director, Stephen Zagala states, “We are proud to present this exhibition, which provides an as-yet untold account of Australian photography and draws heavily on MGA’s nationally significant collection of Australian photography.””
Press release from the Monash Gallery of Art
“This exhibition explores the encounter between photography and feminist politics during the 1970s and into the 1980s.
Both photography and feminism thrived during this period. Feminist politics of the 1970s expanded on its earlier fight for equal rights by illuminating discrimination against women in various contexts. This included addressing domestic violence, inequality in the workplace, sexism in the media, and the economics of parenting. Alongside this expanded critique of patriarchy, feminist politics also celebrated ‘sisterhood’ by drawing attention to the undervalued achievements of women and by taking pride in distinctly female perspectives on the world.
Photographic practice also expanded its parameters during the 1970s. Together with other art forms such as painting and sculpture, photography became more experimental and irreverent. Most photographic artists rejected the tradition of highbrow fine art photography and invested the medium with personal sentiment and everyday content. The camera also became a useful tool for a generation of artists more interested in social engagement than aesthetic finesse.
Given the vitality of both feminist politics and art photography during the 1970s, it is not surprising that they entered into a lively exchange that extended into the 1980s. On the one hand, feminists used the highly informative and accessible medium of photography to raise awareness of critical social issues. On the other hand, photographic artists embraced feminist themes as a way of making their practice less esoteric and more engaged with contemporary life. This productive intersection of feminism and photography fostered a range of technical innovations and critical frameworks that made a significant contribution to the direction of visual culture in Australia.”
Text from the Monash Gallery of Art website
From the series The Tide Recedes
Selenium toned gelatin silver print
Sue Ford‘s series The Tide Recedes 1969-71 was made for her first solo exhibition at the Hawthorn City Art Gallery in 1971. People were becoming more removed from nature but Ford felt that woman share a particular biological and cultural affinity with nature. The contrasty black and white photographs of bodies melding with rocks in montage prints that are as rough as guts work magnificently.
These prints were made as preparation for Sue Ford’s ambitious series The tide recedes, shown as part of Ford’s first solo exhibition at the Hawthorn City Art Gallery in 1971. Throughout this body of work, images of naked women and of men and women embracing merge with a marine landscape. The series expresses Ford’s concern that people were becoming too removed from nature, and allude to the idea that women share
a particular biological and cultural affinity with nature. It also draws on a technique that was central to feminist photographic practice – montage, where two disparate fragments are brought together to produce new and often unexpected meanings. While this reflects Ford’s work as a film maker, where montage is often used in storytelling, this strategy also embeds her pictures in the field of activist art. With montage, it is the viewer who ultimately makes sense of a work, as they find and see connections between disparate fragments.
While the prints presented in the 1971 exhibition were ambitious in scale and resolution, Ford preferred prints that were – in her terms – ‘rough as guts’. Prints such as those shown here represented an explicit rejection of the maleness of both the camera as a technological instrument and the arcane knowledge of the darkroom.
Queensland out west
Hand-coloured gelatin silver prints
9.2 x 15.2 (each)
Courtesy of the artist and Stills Gallery (Sydney)
Queensland out west (details)
Untitled (Geoff in Bondi)
From the series Modified myths 1938-88
Hand-coloured gelatin silver print
Untitled (Picnic)
Robyn Stacey established a reputation for her hand- coloured prints in the late 1970s and early ’80s. Introduced to the process by Micky Allan, Stacey’s early hand-coloured prints examined the life and culture of Australia, especially her native Queensland. Stacey hand-coloured her photographs so as to invest them with personal attributes: “At the time I was interested in hand colouring [because it was] a technique associated with women’s work and craft. This approach seemed a good way to visually re-enforce the personal and intimate quality of the prints.”
Among Stacey’s most important contributions to the feminist tradition of hand colouring photographs are her pictures of Queensland architecture, taken during a road trip to western Queensland made with her mother. These images refer to an heroic subject in Australian culture – the stoicism of the outback and the people who populate it. But Stacey revises these myths, by presenting the images as intimate and personal.
from the series Redline 7000
Silver dye bleach print
Donated through the Australian Government’s Cultural Gifts Program 2012
In the late 80s, Stacey began to hand colour her transparencies rather than the print, thereby incorporating an aspect of reproducibility to the images. In this way the work shifted from the unique print, with its references to nostalgia and the careful rendering of places and times, to something resembling the glossy images found in 1980s’ mass media, especially Hollywood cinema.
Persona and shadow: Madonna
Monash Gallery of Art, City of Monash Collection acquired 1997
Courtesy of the artist and Arc One Gallery (Melbourne) and Roslyn Oxley9 Gallery (Sydney)
This photograph is from the series of nine works titled Persona and shadow. Julie Rrap produced this series after visiting a major survey of contemporary art in Berlin (Zeitgeist, 1982) which only included one woman among the 45 artists participating in the exhibition. Rrap responded to this curatorial sexism with a series of self-portraits in which she mimics stereotypical images of women painted by the Norwegian artist Edvard Munch (1863-1944). Each pose refers to a female stereotype employed by Munch: the innocent girl, the mother, the whore, the Madonna, the sister, and so on.
Appropriating the work of other artists is one of the strategies that characterises the work of so-called ‘postmodern’ artists active during the 1980s. The practice of borrowing, quoting and mimicking famous artworks was employed as a way of questioning notions of authenticity. Feminist artists tended to use appropriation to specifically question the authenticity of male representations of females. In more straightforward terms, Rrap reclaims Munch’s clichéd images of women and makes them her own. Rrap ultimately becomes an imposter, stealing her way into these masterpieces of art history, but the remarkable thing about these works is the way that the artist foregrounds the process of reappropriation itself. The procedure of restaging, collage, overpainting, and rephotographing becomes part of the final image, testifying to a d0-it-herself politic. (Wall text)
From the series Old age
Gelatin silver photograph, hand coloured with watercolour and pencil
© Micky Allan
Micky Allan’s two series Babies and Old age were shown in Melbourne and Sydney around 1976-77; their reception revealed much about the anxieties that informed photographic criticism and practice at the time, with critics dismissing the works as ‘slight’ and ‘feminine photographs par excellence’. Across a series of exhibitions between 1976 and 1980, Allan challenged many of the established conventions of fine art photography, in both technique and subject. Allan overpainted the black-and-white print with watercolour, gouache and pencil to the extent of both acknowledging the under recognised history of women’s photographic work – historically, women were employed by studios to hand-paint or tone photographic prints – and transgressing the smooth surface of photographic prints that was prized by traditional art photographers.
For Allan, overpainting rejected the technical sameness of modern photography and introduced an emotional warmth. Allan’s hand-colouring also interrupted the myth of photographic transparency – the notion of the photograph as a ‘disinterested’ window onto the world. Overpainted, the photograph became subjective, contingent and fallible. The lightness of many of Allan’s interventions enhances this sense of fallibility. (Wall text)
With a body of work ranging across painting, photography and performance, investigations of subjectivity have been central to Micky Allan’s practice. Allan has consistently drawn on feminist strategies which emphasise the personal and autobiographical. In the early 1970s she became involved with the experimental performance and collective activities based at The Pram Factory in Melbourne, working there as both a set designer and a photographer, documenting early feminist work. Of this time Allan has said that she saw “photography as a form of social encounter … that in comparison with painting it [was] much more integrated to what was going on.”1
Allan has acknowledged social documentary as the basis of her photographic work. For a short period she recorded political figures and the surrounding social changes in which she was both a participant and an observer. Old age, the second of three series whose focus is lifecycles (the other two being Babies 1976 and The prime of life 1979-80), comprises 40 hand-coloured individual portraits. Allan introduced the technique of hand-colouring in her work in 1976, a technique taken up by many women photographers at that time to counter the then dominant modes of masculine production. While there is stylistic variation across the series, each portrait, close-up in viewpoint, is meticulously rendered in pastel colours. The images do not capture a simple moment but rather work together to poignantly symbolise a rich regard for age. Of this Allan has said: “Altogether they are an attempt to familiarise and personalise “age”, in a society which tends to ignore or stereotype the old.”2
1. ‘On paper – survey 12’, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne, 21 Jun ‘ 20 Jul 1980, as quoted in 1987, Micky Allan: perspective 1975-1987, Monash University Gallery, Clayton p. 4
2. Ibid p. 19
© Art Gallery of New South Wales Photography Collection Handbook, 2007
Exhibiting artist’s biographies
Micky Allan (b. Australia 1944) studied Fine Art at the University of Melbourne, and painting at the National Gallery School in the 1960s. Allan began taking photographs in 1974 after joining the loosely formed feminist collective at Melbourne’s experimental arts and theatre space the Pram Factory. During this time Allan was part of a vibrant community of feminist artists that included Virginia Coventry, who taught her how to take and print photographs. Allan returned to painting as her primary medium in the early 1980s.
Pat Brassington (b. Australia 1942) is a Hobart-based artist who studied printmaking and photography at the Tasmanian School of Art, graduating with a Master of Fine Arts in 1985. Brassington draws on a personal archive of visual material to compose her images. This archive includes both photographic and non-photographic material, which has either been found or produced by Brassington. Her work takes inspiration from surrealist photography, with its recurring interest in fetish objects and uncanny domestic scenes. Brassington typically employs digital collage to manufacture disjointed compositions, and she exhibits her work in elliptical series that suggest dream-like narratives.
Virginia Coventry (b. Australia 1942) studied painting at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology during theearly 1960s, before undertaking postgraduate studies at the Slade School of Fine Art, University College, London. While painting and drawing have been constant features of Coventry’s practice, she started taking photographs during the mid-1960s and developed a significant reputation for her photo-based work during the 1970s. Her photographic work typically engages with socio-political issues and often incorporates textual elements that give it a discursive form.
Sandy Edwards (b. New Zealand 1948 arr. Australia 1961) has been an important figure in Australian photography as both a maker and advocate since the 1970s. Edwards’s practice has paid particular attention to women and their relationship with the media of photography and film. Most of her work is documentary in nature but her photographic prints are often presented in sequences that elaborate conceptual points. Edwards has also been a prolific curator of exhibitions promoting the work of contemporary photographers, especially in Sydney.
Anne Ferran (b. Australia 1949) is a Sydney-based photographer and academic. She studied humanities and teaching before training in photography at Sydney College of the Arts. She began exhibiting her work in the mid-1980s and has become one of Australia’s most critically acclaimed photographers. Ferran’s practice is largely concerned with using photography to reclaim forgotten pasts, with a specific interest in the histories of women and children in colonial Australia. In pursuing this interest, Ferran often develops her projects through archival research and fieldwork.
Sue Ford (Australia 1943-2009) studied photography at RMIT and was the first Australian photographer to be given a solo exhibition at the National Gallery of Victoria in 1974. Over the course of her artistic career Ford worked with still photography and moving images, beginning with traditional analogue film and then embracing the possibilities offered by photomedia and digital technologies. In this respect, Ford is a key figure in the history of avant-garde photographic experimentation. Ford’s artworks are also remarkable for their critical engagement with contemporary social issues, while also expressing deeply personal perspectives on the world.
Christine Godden (b. Australia 1947) has played a significant role in Australian photography as a maker, curator and advocate. After studying in Melbourne, Godden completed a Bachelor of Fine Arts at the San Francisco Art Institute in 1975 and a Master of Fine Arts at the Visual Studies Workshop in Rochester, New York in 1980. On her return to Australia, she became director of the Australian Centre for Photography, Sydney, and was consequently a prominent spokesperson for Australian photography during the 1980s. Her own photography is couched in a highly personal and poetic form of documentary practice.
Helen Grace (b. Australia 1949) is a self-taught artist who began making work as an active member of feminist and labour organisations in Sydney during the mid-1970s. Often straight-forwardly documentary in style, Grace’s approach to photography is closely aligned with political consciousness raising. Her work for the labour and women’s movements was widely circulated around the time of its production, both in the pages of publications and in posters produced by trade unions and women’s groups. Grace’s writing on photography and film, history and politics have also made a significant contribution to the critical discussion that surrounds feminist practice in Australia.
Janina Green (b. Germany 1944 arr. Australia 1949) studied Fine Arts at Melbourne University and Victoria College before training as a printmaker at RMIT. In the 1980s she taught herself photography and subsequently specialised in this medium. Green held her first solo exhibition of photography in 1986 and has exhibited regularly since then, participating in over 30 group exhibitions and producing over 20 solo shows. Green’s photographs are distinguished by their sophisticated and often sensuous surfaces, which testify to her early training in printmaking. In her role as a teacher in the photography department at the Victorian College of the Arts, Green has also played a significant role as a mentor for younger photographers.
Fiona Hall (b. Australia 1953) initially trained as a painter, and has ultimately become a celebrated sculptor, but photography was her primary medium in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Hall developed an interest in photography at art school and worked as an assistant to the well-known landscape photographer Fay Godwin while she lived in London between 1977-78. Hall subsequently studied photography at the Visual Studies Workshop in New York during 1982. Hall’s photographic practice demonstrates a fascination with decoration and style, which is informed by a critical interest in the premise of a ‘feminine’ sensibility.
Ponch Hawkes (b. Australia 1946) took up photography in 1972 while working as a journalist for the counter-cultural magazines Digger and Rolling Stone. Her early photography was informed by her role as a commentator on alternative social issues, and she has often used her images to engage with contemporary critical debates. During the 1970s Hawkes was part of a loosely formed feminist collective based at Melbourne’s experimental arts and theatre space the Pram Factory. Since that time she has continued to work closely with community groups around Australia and remains a key figure in contemporary photographic practice.
Carol Jerrems (Australia 1949-80) was born in Melbourne and studied photography at Prahran Technical College under Paul Cox and Athol Shmith between 1967 and 1970. Although she practised as an artist for only a decade, Jerrems has acquired a celebrated place in the annals of Australian photography. Her reputation is based on her compassionate, formally striking pictures, her intimate connection with the people involved in social movements of the day, and her role in the promotion of ‘art photography’ in this country.
Merryle Johnson (b. Australia 1949) graduated from Bendigo College of Advanced Education in 1969 with a major in painting. She took up photography in 1970 and it subsequently became central to her professional life, both as an arts educator and an exhibiting artist. Johnson’s approach to photography is informed by her broader training as an artist. This is particularly evident in her use of hand-colouring and sequencing. While the subject matter of her images is largely drawn from everyday life, she employs artistic devices to bring a sense of drama and fantasy to documentary photography.
Ruth Maddison (b. Australia 1945) is a self-taught photographer and artist. Maddison began working as a professional photographer in 1976, and she has been regularly exhibiting her work since 1979. Photography has been her primary medium, but in later years her artistic practice has expanded to include moving-image, textiles and sculpture. An interest in personal biography and the celebration of everyday existence informs her artistic practice. She is most well-known for her hand-coloured photographs of domestic life. In 1996 Maddison relocated from Melbourne to Eden, on the south coast of NSW.
Julie Rrap (b. Australia 1950) studied humanities at the University of Queensland (1969-71) before establishing her career as an exhibiting artist in Sydney during the 1980s. Rrap’s involvement with performance art and avant-garde politics during the 1970s laid the foundations for her later work in photography, painting, sculpture and video, which is largely concerned with the representation and experience of women’s bodies. The photographic objectification of female bodies is a persistent theme in Rrap’s work, but her highly expressive self-portraits invest the medium with a subjective intensity that affronts the clinical quality of voyeurism.
Robyn Stacey (b. Australia 1952) is a Sydney-based photographer who has been exhibiting since the mid-1980s. During the 1980s Stacey produced staged or ‘directorial’ photographs that drew on the visual language of cinema and television. Through the 1990s Stacey engaged in further training and study, and experimented extensively with new media including digital photography and lenticular prints. In 2000 Stacey began working with natural history collections in Australia and overseas, using photography to bring the contents of these archives to life. Throughout her career, Stacey has been interested in photography as an expressive medium that can be used to reiterate, remix and reanimate visual information.
Monash Gallery of Art
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Sat – Sun: 12pm – 5pm
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Monash Gallery of Art website
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Dr Marcus Bunyan
Dr Marcus Bunyan is an Australian artist and writer. His art work explores the boundaries of identity and place. He writes Art Blart, a photographic archive and form of cultural memory, which posts mainly photography exhibitions from around the world. He holds a Dr of Philosophy from RMIT University, Melbourne, a Master of Arts (Fine Art Photography) from RMIT University, and a Master of Art Curatorship from the University of Melbourne.
bunyanth@netspace.net.au
ARCHIVE OF ALL AUSTRALIAN ARTISTS AND EXHIBITIONS THAT HAVE APPEARED ON THE BLOG AT THIS LINK
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Marcus Bunyan black and white archive: ‘Dogs, chickens, cattle’ 1994-95
Marcus Bunyan black and white archive: 'Dogs, chickens, cattle' 1994-95
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Exhibition: ‘The Experimental Self: Edvard Munch’s Photography’ at the National Nordic Museum, Seattle
Exhibition: ‘Max Beckmann: feminine-masculine’ at Hamburger Kunsthalle, Hamburg
Exhibition: ‘Unearthed: Photography’s Roots’ at the Dulwich Picture Gallery, London
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Season’s greetings from Art Blart 2020
Exhibition: ‘Bruce Davidson: Brooklyn Gang’ at Cleveland Museum of Art
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European art research tour exhibition: ‘Cy Twombly: Sculpture’ at Gagosian, Grosvenor Hill, London
Photographs: Max Dupain (Australian, 1911-1992) Part 2
European art research tour exhibition: ‘László Moholy-Nagy and New Typography: A Reconstruction of a Berlin Exhibition from 1929’ at the Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
European art research tour: Pinball art at the Flippermúzeum, Budapest
Exhibition: ‘Photography’s Last Century: The Ann Tenenbaum and Thomas H. Lee Collection’ at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
European art research tour: Vasarely Museum, Budapest permanent exhibition
Exhibition: ‘Thomas Ruff’ at Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen, Düsseldorf
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Exhibition: 'The Experimental Self: Edvard Munch's Photography' at the National Nordic Museum, Seattle… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 2 days ago
Exhibition: 'Max Beckmann: feminine-masculine' at Hamburger Kunsthalle, Hamburg wp.me/pn2J2-frk… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 1 week ago
Exhibition: 'Max Beckmann: feminine-masculine' at Hamburger Kunsthalle, Hamburg wp.me/pn2J2-frk "These pain… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 1 week ago
Exhibition: 'Hold That Pose: Erotic Imagery in 19th Century Photography' at the Kinsey Institute, Bloomington, Indiana Part 2
Exhibition: 'nude men: from 1800 to the present day' at the Leopold Museum, Vienna
Exhibition: 'The Experimental Self: Edvard Munch's Photography' at the National Nordic Museum, Seattle
Exhibition: 'The Naked Truth and More Besides: Nude Photography around 1900' at the Museum for Photography, Berlin
Exhibition: 'Masculine / Masculine: The Nude Man in Art from 1800 to the present day' at the Musée d'Orsay, Paris
Exhibition: 'The Naked Man' at Ludwig Museum of Contemporary Art, Budapest
Objet d'art: French and German enamelled boxes at the Louvre, Paris
Review: 'Minor White: Manifestations of the Spirit' at the J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles
Exhibition: 'Masculinities: Liberation through Photography' at the Barbican Art Gallery, London
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Royal Caribbean announced Empress and Majesty of the Seas will depart its fleet
NewsTravel
“Empress and Majesty of the Seas made indelible marks on the cruise industry with their revolutionary design and size. Touted as the cruise industry’s most groundbreaking ships when they were introduced, they continued to make history throughout their more than three decades of service,” said Michael Bayley, president and CEO, Royal Caribbean International. “Saying goodbye to these two beloved ships is a major moment in Royal Caribbean’s history – one that is difficult but necessary. With plans for new, innovative ships to join our fleet in the upcoming years, we look forward to our guests and crew continuing to make new memories with us.”
Empress was the first ship designed for 3- and 4-night cruises when she launched in 1990, with her initial sailings visiting The Bahamas from Miami. Empress also made history as the first cruise ship to sail out of Cape Liberty in Bayonne, New Jersey when Royal Caribbean opened the terminal in 2004. In 2017, the ship took center stage again when she set sail on the global cruise line’s inaugural cruise to Cuba.
Majesty also played a crucial role in Royal Caribbean’s commitment to continuously redefine the industry. The third ship to round out the impressive Sovereign Class was more than twice the size of the average cruise ship – and the largest in the vacation company’s fleet – when she debuted in 1992. Her adventures began with 7-night Western Caribbean cruises from Miami.
The ships have been sold to an undisclosed party, based in Asia-Pacific, that will release details for future sailings at a later time.
Guests and travel advisors with clients booked on Empress and Majesty will be contacted about their options.
Royal Caribbean International has been delivering innovation at sea for more than 50 years. Each successive class of ships is an architectural marvel featuring the latest technology and guest experiences for today’s adventurous traveler. The cruise line continues to revolutionize vacations with itineraries to more than 270 destinations in 72 countries on six continents, including Royal Caribbean’s private island destination in The Bahamas, Perfect Day at CocoCay, the first in the Perfect Day Island Collection. Royal Caribbean has also been voted “Best Cruise Line Overall” for 16 consecutive years in the Travel Weekly Readers’ Choice Awards.
Media can stay up to date by following @RoyalCaribPR on Twitter and visiting RoyalCaribbeanPressCenter.com. For additional information or to make reservations, vacationers can call their travel advisor; visit RoyalCaribbean.com; or call (800) ROYAL-CARIBBEAN.
How the Caribbean is opening up to tourism, and where you can go
Over 100,000 people have signed up for trial cruises organised by Royal Caribbean.
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AFW Team - September 22, 2020
WHO advance team on way to China to set up probe into virus origin
AFW Team - July 10, 2020
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About Baldwin Davis Group
Frances Davis Baldwin, RN, MSN
Frances Davis Baldwin, a co-founder of Baldwin Davis Group, with her husband Garza, is a leadership coach helping managers and executives broaden and deepen their leadership capabilities. Frances has worked in healthcare and related industries for over 35 years.
Frances Davis Baldwin
As a practicing RN at Mission Hospital in Asheville, NC, at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City, and with private physicians, she has served patients and their families in a variety of settings, including pediatrics, cardiac rehab, geriatrics, and medical/surgical units. Frances has served on the faculty of several community colleges in North Carolina and South Carolina, including Horry Georgetown Technical College, which named her Outstanding Technical Educator of the Year in 2001.
As a manager, consultant, and coach, Frances has helped guide others in meeting and exceeding organizational expectations, using sound assessments and proven approaches to improvement.
Frances earned her BSN from the University of North Carolina and her Masters in Nursing Administration from Duke University. She is also a graduate of Georgetown University’s Leadership Coaching Certificate Program. Frances is certified in the DISC personality assessment, Executive Assessment Institute’s Talent Management System® and The Leadership Circle® 360.
Go to Frances’ Page for more
Garza Baldwin, III, a co-founder of Baldwin Davis Group with his wife Frances, works with leaders and leadership teams in a variety of settings, such as law, accounting, financial services, energy, government defense contracting, and not-for-profit organizations. Garza works with people in any setting who want to be better leaders — of their teams, divisions and organizations. He also works with clients who simply want to learn to become more effective leaders of their own careers. Clients who work with Garza often broaden their understanding of what great leadership and teamwork look like, which in turn helps them see more clearly the kind of leader and colleague they want to be. Garza supports his clients as they co-create and execute plans to accomplish their goals. Along the way, clients often learn to let go of old ways of thinking and acting and to adopt new perspectives and ways of showing up that reveal the best versions of themselves and help them reach their potential.
Before becoming a leadership coach, Garza was a partner of Womble Bond Dickinson (US) LLP (formerly Womble Carlyle Sandridge & Rice, LLP), a leading Southeastern law firm. A business lawyer, he was listed in several editions of Best Lawyers in America, North Carolina Super Lawyers and Chambers USA and was rated AV Preeminent by Martindale-Hubbell. Garza counseled business clients of the firm for over 30 years, including many public companies and their senior management and boards of directors. He also led his firm’s multi-office corporate practice group and took a leading role in the establishment of the firm’s Charlotte and Washington, DC offices.
Garza is a 1973 graduate of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, a 1978 graduate of Wake Forest University School of Law and a 2010 graduate of the Georgetown University Leadership Coaching Certificate Program. He is certified in The Leadership Circle® 360 and the WorkPlace Big Five Profile® personality assessment.
Go to Garza’s Page for more
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phone +375 17 369-59-98
Mn.-Th.: 8:30-18:20 Fr.: 9:00-13:00
The Bible Society
in the Republic of Belarus
Interconfessional Christian Religeous Fellowship "The Bible Society in the Republic of Belarus" (BSRB) is a religious organization established in January 1992 and registered by the Committee on Affairs of Religions and Nationalities under the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus. The founders of the Company are Christians of various confessions: Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Greek Catholic, Evangelical Christian Baptists, Christians of Evangelical Faith, Seventh-Day Adventists. Representatives of these denominations are members of the Board management, elected by the highest body of the Society – the General Conference. The Chairman of the Board is Nikolay Stasilevich (elected November 21, 2018), Executive Director – Georgiy Melnikov.
The Bible Society is a major center for the dissemination of Bibles and other religious literature in the country. During its existence, the Bible Society has spread in Belarus over 1,200,000 units of spiritual literature. The Company has an extensive catalog of publications distributed, including more than 70 titles of books, audio and video material. The Society is involved in translating the Bible into Belarusian, actively cooperates with churches of various denominations, cultural, educational, and charitable organizations in the Republic of Belarus, mass media in the spiritual education of the population, publishes books of the Holy Scriptures in Russian and Belarusian languages.
The Society operates on the basis of the Statute of BSRB, and in accordance with the Constitution and legislation of the Republic of Belarus
Bible Society, along with other national Bible Societies, is a member of the worldwide organization of the United Bible Societies, whose members work in more than 200 countries
The Bible Society in the Republic of Belarus
1. Confession of the Christian Faith
2. Meeting the spiritual needs of the population of the Republic of Belarus
1. Grant to everyone the possibility of acquiring Bibles and other spiritual literature (dictionaries, handbooks, encyclopedias, etc.)
- in the plain language;
- in a suitable format and design;
- without doctrinal comments;
- through books and electronic media.
2. Publishing activity and participation in the translation of the Holy Scriptures into the Belarusian language.
3. Charitable activities through the implementation of projects to help the needy strata of the population;
4. Popularization of spiritual and moral riches of the Bible, involvement of the community in the process of revival and development of spirituality of the people.
1. Distributing Bibles and other spiritual literature (reference books, encyclopedias, dictionaries, etc.):
- among churches of different confessions;
- among Christian organizations and missions;
- among the inhabitants of the Republic.
2. Charitable projects for the provision of spiritual literature:
- children-orphans and children-invalids;
- elderly and disabled;
- drug and alcohol-dependant people;
- victims of the Chernobyl accident;
- the poor; - large families
Promotion of spiritual and moral riches of the Bible via:
- organizing and conducting meetings, consultations, seminars, evenings of questions and answers with the public;
- lectures, movies on Christian themes in educational institutions (in coordination with the Heads of agencies and local authorities);
- cooperation with libraries and museums of towns and villages of Belarus and providing them with biblical literature.
Popularization the Bible among visitors of libraries and museums
4. Translation and publishing:
- translation of the Bible into Belarusian;
- publishing spiritual literature, relevant to the urgent demands and aspirations of the Belarusian people
Nikolai Stasilevich (Chairman of the Board of the Bible Society) - Bishop, Pastor of Christians of Evangelical Faith in Minsk
Archpriest Alexei Vasin (Deputy Chairman) - Professor of the Minsk Theological Seminary (Belarusian Exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church)
Archpriest Serguy Gordun – Clergyman of the Cathedral in Honor of the Holy Spirit, Professor of Minsk Theological Academy and Seminary (Belarusian Exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church)
Nikolay Matrunchik - Chairman of the Brotherhood in honor of the Vilnia martyrs in Minsk (Belarusian Exarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church)
Dr. Jan Kremis - Chairman of section for the translation of liturgical texts and official documents of the Catholic Church of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments under the aegis of the Conference of Catholic Bishops of Belarus
f. canon Frantisek Rud - Rector of the Parish of the Mother of God of Budslav (Roman Catholic Church)
Marina Pashuk - Doctor of theology, biblical scholar (Roman Catholic Church)
Nicholay Gunko - Executive secretary of the Seventh-Day Adventist church in Belarus
Victor Yarovoi - Director of the Publishing Department of the Seventh-Day Adventist church in Belarus
Vladimir Zhibrik - Pastor of the "Light of Life" Christian Evangelical Faith Church in Minsk
Bokun Anthony - Pastor of the “John the Baptist” Christian Evangelical Faith Church in Minsk
Nikolay Podrez - Consultant of the Bible Mission (Church of Evangelical Christian Baptists)
Joseph Raczkowski - Pastor of the "Golgotha" Evangelical Christian Baptists Church in Minsk
Alexander Firisyuk - The bishop of the Union of Evangelical Christian Baptists in Belarus, pastor of the Minsk Theological Seminary
Georgiy Melnikov - Executive Director of the Bible Society in the Republic of Belarus – is ex-officio member of the Board
email belbiblia@gmail.com
working hours Mn.-Th 8.30-18.20
Fr. 9.00-13.00
our address st. Chygladze, 19 Minsk, 220093 Republic of Belarus
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Melnikov
George Georgievich
manager Alexander
manager Maria
INFORMATION ON THE SITE IS SUPPORTED AND ADVERTISING, CHARACTERIZE PRICES AND AVAILABILITY OF PUBLICATIONS BY PHONES SPECIFIED IN THE CONTACTS, OR OUR MANAGERS
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Study defines risk factors for unemployment in working people with multiple sclerosis
Lauren Strober, PhD, of Kessler Foundation reports on first prospective study of employment in multiple sclerosis, identifying factors and behaviors that may be targets for interventions to maintain employment
Credit: Kessler Foundation
East Hanover, NJ. October 5, 2020. Lauren Strober, PhD, at Kessler Foundation recently published results of the first prospective study of employment and multiple sclerosis (MS). Dr. Strober compared two groups of individuals with MS – those ‘at risk’ and ‘not at risk’ for unemployment, examining the influences of multiple factors on the likelihood of staying in the workplace. The article, “Determinants of unemployment in multiple sclerosis (MS): The role of disease measures, person-specific factors, and engagement in positive health-related behaviors” was epublished on September 2, 2020 by Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders.
Link to abstract: https://tinyurl.com/y4gvyljc
Multiple sclerosis affects people aged 20 to 50 years, comprising the peak working years. More than 90% are in the workforce at the time of their diagnosis, but on average, only 30% to 45% are employed after diagnosis. Unemployment has a negative impact on individuals and their families, as well as on society, in terms of lost productivity. Moreover, there are several physical and mental health “costs” associated with one becoming unemployed. Examining the factors that contribute to individuals with MS leaving the workforce is essential to identifying people at risk, and finding ways to help them maintain employment.
For this prospective study, 252 individuals with MS aged 20 to 64, who were working full- or part-time, were recruited through the national and local chapters of the National MS Society. A survey administered at the outset of the study identified 67 participants at risk for unemployment, defined as considering reducing their hours or leaving their jobs in the near future. The ‘at risk’ and ‘not at risk’ groups were compared by disease measures, person-specific factors, and health-related behaviors.
“Individuals at risk tended to have progressive disease, more fatigue, poorer coping mechanisms, and less MS self-efficacy,” reported Dr. Strober, senior research scientist in the Center for Neuropsychology and Neuroscience Research at Kessler Foundation. “They were also less likely to report engaging in positive behaviors such as healthful diets, exercise, and social and intellectual activities.”
“Risk of unemployment is highest during the first three to five years after diagnosis, so we need to be able to intervene early to prevent job losses, and their subsequent impact on physical and mental health, as well as on personal and family finances. This study points to factors related to risk of unemployment that may be amenable to early intervention,” said Dr. Strober. “While further research is needed, professionals who provide MS care should be aware of the potential impact of this diagnosis on future employment, and be prepared to intervene before individuals leave the work force.”
Funding: National Institutes of Health Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research (K23HD069494).
About MS Research at Kessler Foundation
Kessler Foundation’s cognitive rehabilitation research in MS is funded by grants from the National Institutes of Health, the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research, National MS Society, Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers, the Patterson Trust, Biogen Idec, Hearst Foundations, the International Progressive MS Alliance, and Kessler Foundation. Under the leadership of John DeLuca, PhD, senior VP for Research & Training, and Nancy Chiaravalloti, PhD, director of the Centers for Neuropsychology, Neuroscience and Traumatic Brain Injury Research, scientists have made important contributions to the knowledge of cognitive decline in MS and developed new treatments. Clinical studies span new learning, memory, executive function, attention and processing speed, emotional processing, employment, cognitive fatigue, and the interaction of cognitive and physical deficits. Research tools include exercise regimens, innovative applications of neuroimaging, mobile imaging technologies, eye tracking, robotics, and virtual reality. Neuroimaging studies are conducted at the research-dedicated Rocco Ortenzio Neuroimaging Center at Kessler Foundation. Kessler researchers and clinicians have faculty appointments in the department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at Rutgers New Jersey Medical School; selected staff are affiliated faculty with NJIT.
About Kessler Foundation
Kessler Foundation, a major nonprofit organization in the field of disability, is a global leader in rehabilitation research that seeks to improve cognition, mobility and long-term outcomes, including employment, for people with neurological disabilities caused by diseases and injuries of the brain and spinal cord. Kessler Foundation leads the nation in funding innovative programs that expand opportunities for employment for people with disabilities. For more information, visit KesslerFoundation.org.
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For more information, or to interview an expert,
Contact: Carolann Murphy, 973.324.8382, [email protected]
Carolann Murphy
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2020.102487
Tags: Clinical TrialsDisabled PersonsEmploymentMental HealthQuality of LifeSocial/Behavioral ScienceSocioeconomics
Syracuse U. professor receives NSF grant for Internet of Things research
NASA imagery reveals Tropical Storm Chan-hom's skewed structure
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Barrie Salvation Army sets 'aggressive' kettle campaign goal
BARRIE, ONT. -- Barrie's Salvation Army is aiming to raise $600,000 through its annual kettle campaign. The charity calls the goal, which is $25,000 higher than last year's target, 'aggressive'.
In the midst of the pandemic, the Salvation Army says it is facing a spike in demand for its supports not seen since the Second World War.
Nationwide, the Salvation Army reports a 19 percent increase in people asking for help because of delayed wages.
Barrie's Bayside Mission says it has distributed 13,000 more meals this year than it did in 2019. The cost of those meals because they have to be packed into take-out containers.
Ten locations around Barrie will host volunteers with kettles starting in December. Most kettles are equipped to take donations with the tap of a debit or credit card. You can also give online or by mailing a cheque.
The traditional sit-down Hope in the City kick-off breakfast is cancelled this year because of the pandemic. Instead, Salvation Army will offer a $20 to-go breakfast for pickup from the Bayside Mission on Nov. 27.
"By having it here, we bring people downtown, but you can also see the mission you're supporting," says Captain Stephanie Wilkinson.
Wilkinson hopes to sell 100 tickets before orders close Nov 24.
Nationwide, the Salvation Army is aiming to raise $23-million though its kettle campaign.
Barrie, Ont.'s Basyide Mission on Mon. Nov. 16, 2020 (Jim Holmes/CTV News)
Barrie, Ont.'s Bayside Mission aims to raise $600,000 through its annual kettle campaign, Mon. Nov. 16, 2020 (Jim Holmes/CTV News)
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From anaerobic to aerobic treatment: upcycling of digestate as a moisturizing agent for in-vessel composting process
Nour El Houda Chaher ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-2197-44911,2,3,
Safwat Hemidat3,
Mehrez Chakchouk2,
Abdallah Nassour3,
Moktar Hamdi2 &
Michael Nelles3,4
In Tunisia, there are crucial challenges facing both urban and rural areas, the most prominent of which are the production of organic waste, the need for waste treatment, the demand for water and energy and the need for a circular economy. To this end, the study was designed to develop a technical concept on closed cycle ‘biowaste to bioenergy’ treating, basically food waste (FW) through combined biological processes. In this approach, the generated digestate from FW anaerobic reactors was used successfully as a moisturizing agent for FW in-vessel composting. Four types of digestate were examined to be used as moisturizing agent (MA). The selection of the appropriate MA was achieved based on technical criteria; moisture content (MC), C:N ratio and heavy metals concentrations. The findings showed that the digestate obtained from anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and wheat straw (D1) was the most efficient AD-effluent to be added. In terms of composting process performance, the thermophilic phase of the amended reactor (A1) lasted 16 days and reached higher temperatures of about 72 °C, while the unamended one (A1) was characterized by a thermophilic temperature of around 66 °C indicating that the end products were of a pathogen-free compost. When it comes to the physico-chemical factors examined demonstrating that the biological conditions were sufficiently developed. The findings showed overall decreasing profiles during the composting period for moisture, C:N ratio as well as nitrification index (NI). From the quality-point of view, it was found that heavy metal concentrations had lower limits than those values set by German standards. Moreover, all the compost samples appeared to be stable and classified as class IV and V end product.
Urban solid waste management is one of the most pressing and serious environmental problems facing urban governments in developing countries. This challenge will become even more severe in the future given the trends of rapid urbanization and the growth in the urban population (Arafat et al. 2015; Ferronato and Torretta 2019).
Improper collection and disposal of waste poses a serious health risk to the population causing a clear environmental degradation in most cities of the developing world (Meylan et al. 2018). With increasing public pressure and environmental legislation, waste experts are being called in to develop more sustainable methods of dealing with municipal waste (Abbasi and Gajalakshmi 2015; Abu Hajar et al. 2020). One of the steps in improving the current situation of solid waste is to enhance resource recovery activities. Recycling of inorganic materials from municipal solid waste is often well developed by the activities of the informal sector (Aparcana 2017). However, the reuse of organic waste materials, which often contributes more than 50% of the total amount of waste, is still limited but has an interesting recovery (Ardolino et al. 2020). Combined approaches to reduce reliance on landfills as a method of disposal and biological treatment is increasingly becoming a standard requirement for the vast majority of biodegradable waste (Bhatia et al. 2018).
Among all management options for organic waste, composting is the most approved method (Ardhaoui et al. 2019). It is an effective strategy to divert solid waste (SW) from landfills and improve the heating value of feedstock in case of energy recovery (Carabassa et al. 2020). Previous studies confirmed that composting reduces the volume of organic materials by more than 30% (Awasthi et al. 2020) and converts waste into a hygienic and valuable product ( Chaher et al. 2020b; ChenYu et al. 2018).
Availability and variety of raw input materials, less of prerequisites, ease of technology, simplicity of concept, the environment and socio-economic benefits create a great opportunity in Tunisia to produce compost from organic waste (Aydi, 2015; Mahjoub et al. 2020). However, the opportunity to use the different types of organic waste as compost requires scientific studies that endorse it to guide users concerning the aspects behind the better management of the composting operation. In conjunction with the quantitative and life cycle-based evaluations, a comprehensive technical–scientific view of bio-waste composting should also include increasing the currently limited knowledge of the process performance in terms of monitoring and controlling the crucial factors affecting the efficiency of the composting units (Asadu et al. 2019; Chaher et al. 2020a). In this context, moisture content (MC) is a critical factor in the composting process. The optimal MC for effective composting depends on the specific physico-chemical properties and biological features of the materials to be composted (Kim et al. 2016; Xu et al. 2020). However, the optimum MC required for biological activity during composting is between 50 and 60%; Chaher et al. 2020b; Hemidat et al. 2018).
Several studies confirmed that moisture content has a remarkable effect on the composting process (Al-Bataina et al. 2016; Barthod et al. 2018; Du et al. 2018; Tibu et al. 2019). It influences the oxygen uptake rate, free air space, microbial activity and the temperature of the process. During composting, the MC is vital for the distribution of soluble nutrients needed for the microbial metabolic activity (Fan et al.2019). According to Xu et al. (2020) loss of moisture during the composting process can be counted as a strong indication of the decomposition rate. Very low MC could cause early dehydration during composting and that may hinder the biological process and slow down microbial activity under the low moisture range (Franke-Whittle et al. 2014).
It is well known that compost production is a very water-consuming process, as ensuring the required level of moisture requires large quantities of water. Many studies have claimed that every ton of ready-made compost needs 1 m3 of water, and this is a significant amount that should be taken into account when planning such projects, especially in countries that suffer from water scarcity (Bacenetti, 2020; ChenYu et al. 2018; Tibu et al. 2019. Tunisia is one of those countries; it is considered one of the countries in the world with the scarcest water resources (Abdulrahman 2018; Ardhaoui et al. 2019). Tunisia is a water-stressed country with per capita renewable water availability of 486 m3—well below the average of 1200 m3/capita for the Middle East and North Africa Region (MENA) regions (Jemai et al. 2013). Indeed, the rapidly increasing population began to use more water than the country could provide (Mahjoub et al. 2020).
Therefore, there is an urgent need to seek an alternative to conventional water resources to be used in aerobic composting to ensure the required level of moisture content for an efficient composting process. To reduce the use of conventional water resources during the composting treatment, the research work aims to exploit an unconventional one; digestate produced from food waste (FW) anaerobic digesters to feed FW aerobic digesters. This option might be of considerable value by providing high-acclimated microbial diversity as well as micro- and macro-nutrients to enhance the process performance and the end product quality. A further objective is to examine its effect on FW in-vessel composting treatment as a moisturizing agent (MA).
Overall concept
The research work was launched in the framework of “RenewValue project” aiming to optimize the exploitation of different types of biowastes: food waste (FW), wheat straw (WS) and cattle manure (CM). The overall concept followed in the project is illustrated in Fig. 1.
Conceptualization of the overall "RenewValue" approach
The study aimed to recover the AD-effluents derived from anaerobic digesters treating mainly food waste. To this end, the experimental work was fundamentally divided into two phases. During the first one, the input materials (FW, WS, CM) were subjected to anaerobic digestion (AD), while the second phase was assigned to examine the exploitation of the digestate residue; from a by-product of the anaerobic treatment to feedstock for aerobic process which is the main target of the current study.
In this approach, the different pre-sorted bio-waste materials were processed to digestate and compost. In the first place, organic waste was converted into biogas and digestate. The latter was then exploited as a moisturizing agent (MA) for food waste and wheat straw in-vessel composting. Over the experimental work, the different organic residues were subjected to several processes such as conditioning, mixing, sampling and analysis.
Different substrates-mixtures were prepared to feed, twice per day to feed eight (8) anaerobic reactors with a capacity of 20 L. Once the anaerobic treatment was accomplished, the generated digestates were collected to be fully characterized (Table 1). In addition, a comparison between the digestate properties examined during the current work and the results achieved by Stoknes et al. (2016) also treating food waste was performed.
Table 1 Physico-chemical characterization of the collected digestates
Four types of digestates were generated and a detailed analysis was conducted for each; physico-chemical properties, macro- and micro-nutrients as well as the heavy metals contents were examined. Accordingly, selection criteria were developed. The latter were designed with regard to the main factors affecting the composting process performance as well as the end product quality. As a result, moisture content (MC) and C:N ratio were considered as steering parameters, while, in the second place, heavy metal (HMs) contents were given a lower priority as the four categories of digestates produced had HMs concentrations lower than the limits set by German Standards.
All the produced digestates met the technical specifications in terms of moisture content and HMs concentrations. However, the feedstock mixture prepared from FW:CM:WS = 75:25:0 and FW:CM:WS = 60:20:20, had a significant effect on the AD-liquid effluent characteristics. Indeed, digesters, including enriched nitrogenous components such as manure, were characterized by a lower C:N ratio, which is the case of D3 and D4. Moreover, the latter were influenced by the contribution of manure in terms of heavy metals (HMs); relatively high concentration compared to the rest.
During the experimental work, FW was considered as the main substrate for the in-vessel composting process. FW was gathered from the canteen of the University of Rostock, Germany. It mostly consisted of pasta, salad, a small amount of meat and cooked potatoes. Once collected, it was conserved in small containers and stored at − 20 °C to avoid any microbiological reaction. As a potential co-substrate, wheat straw (WS) was gathered from a farm in the vicinity of Rostock, after that the WS was chopped (< 10 mm) and stored in plastic airtight buckets kept at an ambient temperature. WS was selected to be added at a rate of 25% of the total fresh mass used referring to a previous research work (Chaher et al. 2020a). Further, mature compost (Mc) that was obtained from a local composting plant treating garden waste was used as a bulking agent (BA) to ensure the requested porosity and to sustain air spaces for oxygen transfer.
In addition to the oxygen supply, a performant aerobic treatment was ensured by a sufficient rate of moisture content (MC), an adjusted C:N ratio and an initial source of acclimated microorganisms. The amendment of composters with acclimatized digestate (D) aimed to save the amount of water to be added during the biodegradation of the organic materials and evaluate the effects of this on the process performance and the end product quality (Franke-Whittle et al. 2014).
Experimental setup
A 200-L laboratory-scale composter was used during the experimental work (Fig. 2). The composter is a stainless-steel vessel of a nominal inside diameter of around 700 mm and covered by a heat insulation layer to minimize heat losses. The airflow distribution is ensured by a metal grid with small holes fixed at the bottom of the vessel. The airflow was manually regulated during composting using a gas flow meter. Regarding the leachate collection, it was achieved by a fixed valve at the conical bottom of the composter. For the temperature monitoring, temperature sensors (TIR1) and (TIR2) were attached at different depths to monitor the fluctuation of the compost temperature. Both the compost temperature and the ambient temperature variations were automatically logged every 10 min using ALMEMO® data logger system (Ahlborn, German).
Scheme of the in-vessel composter
Two experimental trials were carried out to evaluate the impact of digestate addition on in-vessel FW composting. The composter was filled with around 55 kg of fresh matter. As a blank test, FW and WS co-composting without any amendment (A1) was firstly conducted in duplicate, then A2 was carried out to evaluate the digestate addition effects. Before feeding the composter, organic materials, including the bulking agent, were manually mixed and then the moisturizing agent (MA) was added. The moisture content of the initial starting material was adjusted to be in the requested range of 55–65% using water for the A1 test and digestate for A2. As the maintenance of MC at a certain range during the composting process is crucial, the amount of MA to be added (in litres) was determined to compare the consumption of digestate and water. Table 2 displays the trial ingredients and composting time.
Table 2 Compost runs ingredients and duration of the process
Sampling and analysis
During the 9 weeks of the experimental work, sampling was achieved at regular intervals to evaluate the composting process evolution. Weekly, three representative samples were taken and were either analysed directly or stored (4 °C and − 20 °C) for future analyses. Different parameters were determined in triplicate; moisture content (MC) (%), total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total solid (TS) (%) and mineral nitrogen content, such as ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−), were monitored (Table 3). However, to follow-up the stability and maturity of the compost, respiration activity (AT4) was identified at the end of the process. To assess the quality of the end product, heavy metals contents (HMs) were, in addition, measured to be compared to quality requirements for the compost of several countries with regard to Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd, Cr, Hg and As concentrations. All the experimental protocols carried out were described in detail in a previous work.
Table 3 Physical and chemical parameter measurement of composting parameters and their corresponding standard methods
Physicochemical characteristics of the organic materials
The properties of the raw organic materials used are presented in Table 4. The moisture content was 77.4%, 6.5%, 53.3%, and 96.7% for FW, WS, Mc and D, respectively. To meet the required range of MC, which is 55–65%, a moisturizing agent (MA) was added to each mixture to regulate the MC of A1 to A2 at 65.8% and 68.7%, respectively. The initial C:N ratio was examined for each substrate to ensure the required carbon to nitrogen rate demanded by microorganisms for an efficient biological degradation of the organics. Several studies reported that the appropriate initial C:N ratio of the feedstock ranged between 20 and 40 (Kumar et al. 2010; Tibu et al. 2019; Xu et al. 2020), which was achieved for both A1 and A2 to be around 33.28 and 31.07, respectively. Additionally, heavy metals and trace elements content were identified. Moreover, several physico-chemical characteristics, such as pH, conductivity (EC), potassium (K), phosphorus (P) as well as heavy metals, were investigated in order to guarantee an efficient development of the process.
Table 4 Physico-chemical characteristics of the raw materials
Temperature monitoring profile during the composting process
Temperature is one of the most important factors governing the composting process. Therefore, the temperature evolution was monitored regularly to ensure efficient microbial activity and decomposition rate. As is evident from Fig. 3, which shows the temperature trends for different trials, three phases of the aerobic process were achieved (Torres-Climent et al. 2015). The modified reactor (A2) detected a rapid temperature rise during the second day, reaching 72 °C as the maximum temperature during the 16-day thermophilic phase. However, the A1 temperature profile was slightly different in terms of the highest temperature reached, as well as the duration of the thermophilic phase. The first temperature peak, which announced the onset of the thermophilic step, was recorded on day 5, while the second peak was marked with an ideal temperature of 66 °C on day 9 to drop to mesophilic temperature after 14 days. The thermophilic phase duration of both A1 and A2 met the criteria for obtaining pathogen-free compost according to BioAbfV (1998) which indicated that temperatures should be above 55 °C for at least 14 continuous days. Accordingly, the produced compost was considered hygienically acceptable.
Temperature profile during the composting process
By comparing temperature trends, the modified reactor accomplished the thermophilic phase faster with longer duration and higher temperature values which, in turn, emphasized the importance of adding digestate to the FW in-vessel composting process. Addition of AD-effluent had a significant effect in speeding up the heating of the composted material by providing an effective acclimatized inoculum. Similar findings were reported by Akyol et al. (2019) revealing that the fluctuation of temperature was a direct result of the enhanced microorganisms’ activity. Therefore, the addition of a suitable microbial community served as a composting booster (Casini et al. 2019). Afterwards, the temperatures of the different trials decreased sharply, until a fixed set of values reached the ambient temperature, which announced the start of the cooling phase. Therefore, no significant degradation was achieved during the stabilization phase (from day 21 until the end of the process), while organic humification occurred at the same time (Li et al. 2017). The findings obtained are in line with several studies that confirmed the significant effect of adding digestate on temperature progression during the composting process (Al Seadi et al. 2013; Stoknes et al. 2016; Torres-Climent et al. 2015). However, assuming that the digestion acquired from AD reactors can be used directly as a soil conditioner, it was clear that pasteurization is mandatory to ensure its purification, which is the largest energy consumer in the anaerobic digestion (AD) chain (Liu et al. 2019). Therefore, during this research work, digestate exploitation was not only beneficial for improving composting performance but also for the AD energy saving approach.
Moisture monitoring profile during the composting process
Moisture content (MC) is one of the critical factors affecting the effectiveness of a biological treatment and must be monitored systematically over the period of the process and on a regular basis. (Zakarya et al. 2018). Since the digestate was characterized by a high MC of about 95.9%, the high water rate strongly guaranteed its sufficiency as an unconventional moisturizing agent (MA) for A2 (Kim et al. 2016). With regard to A1, the initial MC was modified by adding some amount of water to be within the required range of about 55–65%. The initial MC of A1 and A2 was titrated at 68.8% and 65.8%, respectively (Figs. 4, 5).
Moisture content evolution during the composting process
C:N ratio and pH evolution during the composting process
During the first two weeks, a significant decrease in MC occurred in A2, reaching 44%, while A1 had a water content of about 54.8% at the end of the thermophilic phase. In fact, the observed decrease in MC of modified reactors compared to the unmodified one was explained by the presence of an intense microbial community provided by the digestion, which then required a large rate of water and its consumption (Makan et al. 2013). Moreover, the abundance of microorganisms in A2 was clearly predictable from the temperature profile, and thus a measure of digestate was added to set the MC at around 50% (day 16). In terms of MA supplement, the volume of digestate added during the aerobic process was 1.2 times higher than the amount of water, ensuring an effective microbiological progress. Once the cooling phase occurred, the need for the addition of MA for different trials was not observed until the end of the treatment and a nearly stable moisture profile was recorded. At the end of composting trials, A1 and A2 were qualified by MC with 51.7% and 47.8%, respectively. The moisture trends were consistent with the findings from Arab and McCartney (2017) for examining the effects of digestate on physical and chemical parameters.
Effect of digestate addition on process stability and maturity
pH and C:N ratio
As the fluctuation of temperature and moisture influenced the organic matter degradability, pH behaviour was linked to their tendencies during the composting process. At the beginning of the process, the pH of both of A1 and A2 were nearly neutral at around 7.9. However, once the temperature rose, the pH behaviour of A1 was entirely opposed to A2 until the end of the thermophilic stage. Indeed, an acidic tendency was recorded for A1 which was due to the biodegradation of carbonaceous substances and then the emission of CO2 causing an acidic pH (Kim et al. 2016). Contrary to A1, the matrix pH of the amended bioreactor A2 showed a progressive increase from 7.91 to 8.59 during the first two weeks of the process and then decreased slightly to 8.39 at the end of the thermophilic phase. It was explained by the relatively high rate of nitrogen provided by the digestate and then an intensive volatilization of the nitrogenous elements (NH3) which was followed by a peak of pH at high temperatures (Zakarya et al. 2018). The findings obtained were in line with several results investigating the effect of digestate on pH behaviour (Akyol et al. 2019; Arab and McCartney 2017). As the cooling phase progressed, pH values of both A1 and A2 dropped and generally stabilized between 8 and 7. These values were within the optimum range for growing media (Hemidat et al. 2018).
C:N ratio is one of the key monitoring factors during the composting process. It determines the level of the end product maturity and stability (Li et al. 2017). It was therefore monitored over the period of the composting process to follow-up the microbial activities of both of A1 and A2. The initial C:N ratio for A1 and A2 were around 33.28 and 31.07, respectively. Once the thermophilic phase began, the tendencies of the C:N ratio were almost the same for the amended and unamended reactors. Within the first few weeks, the C:N rate clearly decreased by around 36% for both A1 and A2 to reach 21.45 and 21.70, respectively. In fact, the drop of C:N ratio of the unamended reactor was a result of the decomposition of the easily degradable materials, while intensive losses in terms of nitrogen and carbon marked the amended vessels which was due to the abundance of the microbial community provided by the digestate decomposing the organic matter (Cáceres et al. 2018). Achieving the cooling stage, the C:N ratio of A1 seemed to be slightly stabilized compared to A2. It was attributed to the high rate of carbonaceous components consumption during the first five weeks and lower nitrification rate compared to A2 which was characterized by higher nitrogenous components. Since the carbon is assumed as a source of energy, while nitrogen is required for the growth of microorganisms, a balanced utilization of nitrogenous and carbonaceous elements marked the amended reactors to obtain higher C:N ratio during the cooling phase compared to the active one. However, both A1 and A2 reached C:N ratio of 11.38 and 13.99 which is in line with the previous studies revealing that the suitable final C:N ratio should be less than 20 (Chaher et al. 2020b; Hemidat et al. 2018).
Nitrification index (NI) and respiration activity (AT4)
Jointly with carbon, nitrogen is the major component in the aerobic digestion as it contributes to the microorganism’s occurrence and, therefore, the main progress of the process. However, the nature of the treated biomass affects the amount of nitrogen available for the microbial community and then it influences the rate of nitrogen-conversion to ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) (Cáceres et al. 2016). As the ratio between NH4+ and NO3−; the nitrification index (NI) is considered as an indicator of the compost’s stability (Chaher et al. 2020a), it was monitored during the composting process to evaluate the nitrogen transformation reactions. Figure 6 shows that, during the thermophilic phase, NI of the unamended reactor (A1) was considerably higher than the amended one (A2). It was seen that, for high temperatures (> 40 °C), NI of A1 varied from 7.12 to 12.66, while it ranged between 5.89 and 10.44 for A2. The difference in terms of NI between A1 and A2 was due to the addition of digestate which is characterized by alkaline pH increasing NH3 volatilization potential, declining the formation of NH4+ and raising the NO3− leaching (Markfoged et al. 2011). Several studies stated that, on average, a reduction of around 35–65% of the total nitrogen can be lost during the digestate composting, particularly if one of these factors existed; high pH (8–9), high temperatures (60%-70 °C) or high airflows in conformity with the current findings (Alburquerque et al. 2012; Sánchez-Rodríguez et al. 2018; Sangamithirai et al. 2015). Accomplishing the cooling phase, NI for both of A1 and A2 was progressively dropping to reach approximatively 3 at the end of the process. A nitrification index equal or lower than 3 indicated the maturity of the generated compost. Therefore, the end products produced from different trials were considered as finished compost at the end of the process period. Indeed, the significant decrease of NI, particularly for the amended reactor, was explained by the considerable oxidation of NH4+ to NO3− covered by specific groups of bacteria and archaea. The latter is one of the most abundant microorganisms characterizing the digestate as it is essential for the anaerobic degradation of the organic matter which justified the tendencies of NI in A2 compared to A1.
Nitrification index tendencies during the composting process
AT4 analysis was identified to assess the stability of the final products generated from both of amended and unamended bioreactors. All of the compost samples tested ascertained their stability with reference to German Standards (Table 5) and were considered to belong to class V.
Table 5 Classification of the compost samples according to German standards based on AT4 analysis
Both A1 and A2 were characterized by low values of AT4, estimated to be 5.06 and 4.43, respectively, indicating that no more microbial activity will occur (Bazrafshan et al. 2016).
Effect of digestate addition on end product quality
Heavy metals’ (HMs) measurement of the end products was based on the quality limits for agricultural use of several countries including Europe: Germany, UK, France as well as Canada and Tunisia. Table 5 summarizes the specification of seven HMs (Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Hg, Cr and Cd) for both of A1 and A2. It was notable that the rate of HMs for A2 was higher than for A1, especially for Zn which attained 80.20 for the unamended trial and 120.41 mg/kg TS for the amended one. Indeed, the significant amounts of metal components which marked A2 were predicted by the initial rate of HMs provided by the digestate as described in Table 1. However, despite the remarkable content in terms of HMs, A2 met all the laws applicable in several countries and it was classified as a Class B biofertilizer in reference to the German Standards (Chaher et al. 2020a). Additionally, Table 4 shows that the compost gathered from A1 was categorized as Class A based on the German limits and illustrated that both amended and unamended reactors generated high qualified end products (Table 6). Admittedly, the main organic residues exploited were characterized by low rates of HMs which affirmed the outlined quality of the biofertilizer produced by the unamended composter but, initially, a slight uncertainty arose due to the addition of the AD-liquid effluent. Indeed, several works focused on the feasibility of the digestate recovery for agricultural benefits and highlighted that the inputs of AD-effluents in terms of HMs restricted its effectiveness (Stoknes et al. 2016).
Table 6 The limits of total metal content (mg/kg total solid (TS)) regarding the standards of certain countries
The experimental research was designed to create a technical approach through the combination of the two major biological treatment technologies, anaerobic and aerobic digestion. A closed cycle ‘biowaste to bioenergy’ treating mainly food waste (FW) was examined. To this end, four types of digestate were collected from different anaerobic reactors to be exploited as moisturizing agents (MA) to feed FW and WS in-vessel composters. Moisture content (MC), C:N ratio and heavy metals concentrations were identified as the main steering factors for the selection of the appropriate MA. Results showed that the digestate obtained from the anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and wheat straw (D3) was the most suitable option; it was characterized by the most desirable C:N ratio of around 12, a good water content of 95.9% and a low rate in terms of heavy metals concentrations. The findings revealed that the in-vessel composting process was performed under ideal conditions. Focusing on the temperature tendencies, the duration of the thermophilic phase for both the amended reactor (A2) and the unamended one (A1) was sufficient to break down any kinds of pathogens threatening the quality of the end products. When it comes to the stability and maturity indicators, several physico-chemical properties were examined. The overall decreasing profiles during the composting period for moisture, C:N ratio as well as the nitrification index (NI) ascertained the efficiency of the AD-effluent addition to ensure a performant composting process. In addition, the respiration activity (AT4) indicated that no biological activity will take place as the compost generated from both of amended and unamended bioreactors were characterized by AT4 values lower than 6 mg O2/g TS meeting the German Standards in terms of stability. Regarding the end product quality, German standards were also applied to verify the final HMs concentrations, A1 and A2 produced biofertilizers of class B and class A, respectively, proving the generation of high-quality composts. Therefore, the digestate was converted from an output hardly managed to an input comfortably recovered, reducing the consumption of a conventional water source and enhancing the composting process as an efficient source of acclimatized microorganisms.
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request. All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.
SW:
FW:
Cattle manure
Fresh matter
Total solids
HMs:
TC:
Total carbon
TN:
EC:
Nitrification index
AT4:
Respiration activity
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The authors express their sincere appreciation to Technical Lab for Waste Management and Bioenergy, University of Rostock, Germany, for co-funding this study. The authors are also grateful to Dr. Nils Engler for his help and support during the experimental work.
Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. This research work was funded by “RenewValue project: Local sustainable supply of renewable energy for endangered Municipalities in arid and semi-arid Mediterranean zones”.
Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes, 6029, Gabes, Tunisia
Nour El Houda Chaher
Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, 1080, Tunis, Tunisia
Nour El Houda Chaher, Mehrez Chakchouk & Moktar Hamdi
Department of Waste and Resource Management, Faculty of Agrar and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, 18051, Rostock, Germany
Nour El Houda Chaher, Safwat Hemidat, Abdallah Nassour & Michael Nelles
DBFZ German Biomass Research Center GmbH, 04347, Leipzig, Germany
Michael Nelles
Safwat Hemidat
Mehrez Chakchouk
Abdallah Nassour
Moktar Hamdi
Conceptualization, NEHC; methodology, NEHC; formal analysis, NEHC, SH; investigation, NEHC, data curation, NEHC; writing—original draft preparation, NEHC; writing—review and editing, NEHC; supervision, AN, MC, MH and MN. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Correspondence to Nour El Houda Chaher.
Chaher, N.E.H., Hemidat, S., Chakchouk, M. et al. From anaerobic to aerobic treatment: upcycling of digestate as a moisturizing agent for in-vessel composting process. Bioresour. Bioprocess. 7, 60 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40643-020-00348-0
European standards
End product quality
Refining Bioresources for Sustainable Future
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El Chupacabras
Discounted Publisher Overstock - Sold out List Price
El Chupacabras Hardcover – March 27, 2018
by Adam Rubin (Author), Crash McCreery (Illustrator)
From the bestselling author of Dragons Love Tacos comes a whimsical re-telling of the chupacabra folktale, written in a blend of English and Spanish
A long time ago, a girl named Carla lived on a goat farm with her father, Hector. One night, a goat disappeared from the farm and turned up flat as a pancake. Only one creature could do that--El Chupacabras, the goatsucker! Legend has it that El Chupacabras is a fearsome beast, but you can't believe everything you hear...and sometimes the truth is even more interesting.
Told in equal parts English and Spanish by bestselling author Adam Rubin, and cinematically illustrated by acclaimed Hollywood creature creator Crash McCreery, this lighthearted take on a modern legend is not told in the traditional bilingual style.
Each sentence is half-Spanish/half-English followed by a repetition of the same line translated the other way around. This mirroring technique allows the languages to intermingle equally. A fun and unique way to introduce either Spanish or English to new readers.
A note from author Adam Rubin:
"I decided to tell this story in an unusual way to explore the beauty of harmony. It's easy to dismiss the unfamiliar, but compassion takes a little more effort. With so many people trumpeting divisiveness right now, it's more important than ever to teach kids that there is more than one way to understand the world."
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1 Comment Posted on September 29, 2013 December 26, 2013 Altemio Sanchez, Ann Brown, Crime, Crime Prevention, Fear, Law Suits, Linda Yalem, Michele Babcock-Nice, Murder, New York, New York State, Outdoors, Pain, Rape, Safety, Sex Offenders, Sexual Abuse, Sexual Assault, Sexual Misconduct, Sexual Trauma, Sexual Violence, Social Issues, Social Justice, State University of New York College at Buffalo, Students, Support, Survivors, Take Back the Night, University at Buffalo, Victim Blaming, Violence, Violent Crime, Women, Women's Rights, World Issues
“I Remember You, Linda Yalem” (By: Michele Babcock-Nice)
Linda Yalem
Linda Yalem. A name, comprised of two words, of a young woman, a fellow student of mine at the University at Buffalo (UB). Linda Yalem. 😦 Tears come to my eyes as I remember her, and the suffering and tragic loss of life that she experienced at the hands of the now-convicted Bike Path Rapist, Altemio Sanchez. Linda Yalem (June 8, 1968 – September 29, 1990) – and other girls and women – were raped and/or murdered by Sanchez during approximately a 30-year period. It took police investigators more than 16 years from the date of Yalem’s death on September 29, 1990 to apprehend Sanchez, who was convicted for the murders of Yalem, Majane Mazur, and Joan Diver, on August 15, 2007.
In 1990, I was a sophomore at the University at Buffalo, just as Linda was. While I never personally knew Linda, I quickly came to know of her upon her death. Linda’s death was very personal to me because she could have been me. I was an avid runner like Linda was. While I did not run distances more than a couple of miles at a time, nor have I ever trained to run in a marathon, I was out there all of the time, whenever I could. I ran around UB’s Amherst Campus, my home at the time, at night and under the sidewalk lights that lined the roads. I always wanted to remain visible while running and to exercise in highly-trafficked areas.
Linda lived in the Ellicott Complex Dormitories at UB, very close to the Ellicott Creek Bike Path that winds through UB and Amherst for about eight miles. She often ran on the scenic, peaceful, and “safe” bike path – sadly, the perfect haven for a serial rapist and murderer to commit his crimes. Linda could have been me had I ever run on the Bike Path, but I never did. While at UB, I took one look at the Bike Path from a main road and got a bad feeling about it.
As was with Linda, I also never knew there had been previous rapes of women on the Bike Path. But, no matter how safe and beautiful people told me the Bike Path was – and how “perfect” it was for running, I never set foot on it. To me, it was much too secluded. There were weeds and high grass, as well as wooded areas along it. There were many areas which someone who was lying on the ground could go unseen. I had an eerie feeling about the Bike Path; I did not believe it nearly as safe as everyone professed. I preferred to run at night, under the lights on campus, along highly-trafficked areas. In 99% of instances, I ran alone, was always highly vigilant and aware of my surroundings, and did not listen to a Walkman radio with headphones. When running outside, it is never a good idea to be tuned out from one’s surroundings, no matter how safe an area may appear.
I can relate with Linda, a fellow student, a fellow sophomore, a fellow runner, and a woman like myself. It was obvious that Linda loved to run, much as I do. For her to have chosen to run on the Bike Path rather than along the roads through the campus, inside Alumni Arena on the indoor jogging track, or after hopping the fence to the outdoor track to run there as I did, one can surmise that Linda loved the outdoors, as well. While I never knew Linda, I miss her and think about what happened to her like it was yesterday.
Immediately following Linda’s disappearance and the moment that I learned of it, I was shocked at the amount of time that had passed. Linda went out to run on the early afternoon of September 29, 1990. She was not reported missing until about 9:30 PM that night. A search along the Bike Path was undertaken until nightfall and resumed the next morning when she was not located. As a UB student resident at the Governors’ Complex Dormitories, I did not hear word of her disappearance until about 6 PM following the day she disappeared. A panicked fellow female student who resided in my building personally informed me about it at that time. I asked her how she was informed of it, and she said it was on the TV news and she received a general informational memo in her mailbox about it. I was upset because I had checked my mailbox the previous day, but had not yet checked it on that day. I immediately went to check my mailbox, and indeed, found and read the memo that was inside.
Additionally, I had not left my dorm building all day due to studying, so I had not seen any of the fliers posted around campus about Linda being missing. In fact, when I went out to investigate, I saw fliers, but they were few and far between. I was angry. Not only were students informed late, but some, such as myself, heard it by word-of-mouth by fellow students who had watched the TV news! I was even more angry because I had gone out to run around campus under the lights at night on the day that Linda was killed. I couldn’t fathom that approximately 30 hours had passed from the time that she was last seen until the time that I became informed of her disappearance!
It was absolutely incredible to me regarding the amount of time that had passed since I learned of Linda’s disappearance. I believed that University officials should have been doing so much more to have helped both prevent her disappearance and death, as well as to better-inform the University community of these tragic events. I felt that dormitory residence hall directors and/or floor leaders should have called residents to a meeting to inform students about what had occurred, at the very least. I am still incredulous to this day that I was informed about all of this by a fellow student, by word-of-mouth!
Ann Brown, Linda’s sister, sued the University and the Town of Amherst for not informing students about the rapes that had occurred on the Bike Path prior to Linda being raped and killed. While she was not successful in her law suit, I applaud Brown for her actions in bringing the law suit. I am one who believes in prevention, and prevention is certainly not something that occurred in the disappearance, rape, and murder of Linda Yalem. A prior, brutal, horrific attack and rape was experienced by a woman on the Bike Path, and students and the University community were not informed of it. I did not hear or read anything about it until after Linda’s death. Keeping such information about such a brutal crime undisclosed to students in the UB community did nothing to maintain Linda’s safety or that of others. It opened the door for such horrible crimes to occur and continue to occur, even after Anthony Capozzi served more than two decades in prison for crimes that Altemio Sanchez committed.
On August 15, 2007, Altemio Sanchez was convicted for the murders of three women, among them Linda Yalem. He was sentenced to 75 years in prison. He pleaded guilty to murdering Linda, Majane, and Joan. By the time he was apprehended, the statute of limitations for prosecuting rapes in New York State had already expired for all of his victims and/or survivors. For 30 years – or perhaps longer – Altemio Sanchez hid among regular, everyday people, seemingly as a “great” guy, committing his brutal and horrific crimes. Girls and women were preyed upon much like wild animals stalk, hunt, maim, and kill their targets. Just because a man appears to be a great guy does not mean he is.
Today, the Linda Yalem Safety Run was held at UB. When I ran in this race during the first two years that it was held in Linda’s memory, it was called the Linda Yalem Memorial Run. I believe that the latter name is more fitting in honoring Linda’s memory since that former name points to blaming her as a victim. In society, we must take great care not to blame victims and survivors of crimes. While we may certainly have different views and do things in different ways, identifying this race as a “safety run” places the blame and responsibility for Linda’s death upon her. I believe that is wrong. There were opportunities to prevent the tragedies that Linda and others experienced, and they were not taken. Most of all, authorities and officials could have informed the university community on an on-going basis about the “safe” Bike Path that was, in fact, unsafe. That was not done, and tragically, women – including Linda – discovered that for themselves, at cost to their own lives.
All day today, I have worn purple to show my support of Linda and other victims and survivors of sexual assaults and rape crimes. At church today, I wrote Linda’s name in the prayer book. In years past, I have attended “Take Back the Night” walks and ceremonies at UB and Canisius College in Buffalo. I also organized a “Take Back the Night” while I interned at Hilbert College in Hamburg, New York many years ago. Following Linda’s death, I also attended the memorial service that was held in her memory at UB’s Amherst Campus, in her own dormitory complex. I still have the program from that memorial service.
Memorial Service Program Cover in Memory of Linda Yalem,University at Buffalo, NY Ellicott Complex, 1990
Currently, I am a member of several professional groups that are aimed at preventing sexual abuse, sexual assault, and rape, as well as toward supporting survivors and victims, of all ages and backgrounds. I am one who strives to inform others about the effects of sexual abuse and sexual assault on others, including Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Major Depression, Borderline Personality Disorder, suicidality, and psychosis. I am also one who attempts to recognize and understand – but not excuse – the fact that many sex offenders were sexually abused and sexually assaulted, themselves.
We, as a society, need to do more to inform and educate about the effects of sexual violence, as well as about sexual offenders. I believe that our country has come a very long way in prosecuting sex offenders; requiring sex offenders to become part of a national, public registry; and implementing endeavors such as the Amber Alert. However, sadly, it remains taboo and unfavorable in our society to speak about sexual abuse and sexual assault. Victims and survivors should not have to go into hiding in order to discuss their pain, and experience victim-blaming that causes them to feel criminalized, to lose hope, and to potentially kill themselves because of it, as many have. Society must do more to reach out to those who have been hurt by sexual violence, as well as to recognize and support them, so that they are protected and supported, so that they may continue to live their lives in dignity rather than fear and shame.
Linda Yalem was lost to a man who raped and murdered her 23 years ago. Much more could have been done to protect her and prevent her death. Crimes of sexual abuse, rape, and murder must be exposed and publicized so that predators are not protected rather than victims being unprotected. And, let us not blame the victims, but honor and support them. Please take a moment to remember Linda Yalem, and all those whom we have lost to crimes involving sexual violence and murder, both directly and indirectly. I remember you, Linda. I will always remember you.
Altemio Sanchez. Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altemio_Sanchez. Retrieved September 29, 2013.
Linda S. Yalem [Photographs]. Find a Grave. http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=77350461. Photo credit: Shirley Ann Horrocks White. Retrieved September 29, 2013.
Morrison, K. (2007). On the trail of the bike path rapist. Dateline NBC. http://www.nbcnews.com/id/20603452/ns/dateline_nbc-crime_reports/t/trail-bike-path-rapist/. Retrieved September 29, 2013.
Springer, J. (2002). Hunt for the bike path killer: The Linda Yalem murder. Court TV Online. http://news.findlaw.com/court_tv/s/20021104/04nov2002192341.html. Retrieved September 29, 2013.
Altemio Sanchez Amherst Ann Brown Anthony Capozzi Bike Path Bike Path Rapist Crime Prevention Dateline NBC Ellicott Creek Bike Path Fear Honor Joan Diver John Springer June 8 1968 Keith Morrison Law Suits Linda Yalem Linda Yalem Memorial Run Linda Yalem Safety Run Majane Mazure Marathon Memorial Memorial Service memory Murder New York Rape Runner September 29 1990 Sexual Violence Shirley Ann Horrocks White State University of New York at Buffalo Student Survivors Take Back the Night UB UB Amherst Campus University at Buffalo Victims violence Violent Crime Woman
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Mr. Trumpet
The Trials, Tribulations and Triumph of Bunny Berigan
The challenges of creating correct captions; and Benny Goodman’s “Goodbye” (1935)
Composed and arranged by Gordon Jenkins.
Recorded by Benny Goodman and His Orchestra for Victor on September 27, 1935 in Los Angeles, California.
Benny Goodman, clarinet, directing: Bunny Berigan, Ralph Muzzillo and Nate Kazebier, trumpets; Jack Lacey and Red Ballard, trombones; Hymie Shertzer and Bill DePew, alto saxophones; Dick Clark and Arthur Rollini, tenor saxophones; Jess Stacy, piano; Allan Reuss, guitar; Harry Goodman, bass; Gene Krupa, drums.
Golfers from the Benny Goodman band – Los Angeles – August-September 1935. L-R: Bunny Berigan, Sterling “Red” Ballard, Mort Davis (road manager), Benny Goodman, Hymie Shertzer, Jack Lacey. This photo was taken during the Goodman band’s six weeks stay at the Palomar Ballroom in Los Angeles.
Recently, I was talking with friends about creating correct captions for photographs that range in age from 100 or more years to about 70 years. The challenges inherent in doing that are compounded when one confronts boxes of uncurated documents, doodads and old pictures in archives that usually do not relate in any way to each other. Don’t get me wrong, I am most grateful that whatever I find in the various archives I have visited is actually there. I’m sorry to say that a great deal of historically significant material is lost whenever the person who collected it either dies or becomes incapacitated, and his/her relatives have no idea as to the importance of a lot of old unidentified artifacts. All too often, these precious and often unique historical objects end up in a dumpster, and a bit of history is lost forever.
Whenever I was writing “Mr. Trumpet,” I was extremely fortunate to have stumbled across a number of photographs of Bunny Berigan that I had never seen before. I was very happy about this because I wanted to include in the book as many previously unpublished photos as possible. The photo above, which I found in the University of Wisconsin-Madison Bunny Berigan archive, was one such photo. Creating an accurate caption for this photo was relatively easy because many pictures exist of the various musicians in the Benny Goodman band in the summer of 1935. The mystery man in the photo was the only non-musician in it, road manager Mort Davis. His name was written on the back of the actual photo, I think, and that solved the mystery immediately.
Some time later, I came across the photo shown above. Obviously, Berigan is the man on the right. But who are the other two men with him? Under a deadline with my publisher to provide captions for the photos that would appear in the book, including this one, I used the information I had at hand. That included the facts that in the early to mid 1930s, Berigan had reddish blonde hair (it was darker later), and wore small wire-rimmed glasses. Not recognizing either of the other two men as members of the 1935 Benny Goodman band, which Berigan played in in the summer of 1935, and since Berigan did not tour with any band in the summer of 1934, I went back to the spring and summer of 1933, when Berigan toured throughout the South and Midwest, with Paul Whietman. I still didn’t recognize either of the other two men as musicians I could identify from the 1933 Whiteman band (even though an extremely knowledgeable friend questioned whether the man with the hat was long-time Whiteman sideman Frank Trumbauer). I uncertainly submitted the following caption to my publisher: Berigan relaxes with members of the Paul Whiteman band on tour (Texas, April 1933). That caption was published and is in the book.
Almost immediately after the book was published, I got an email from another knowledgeable friend, suggesting the man in the middle might be trumpeter Ralph Muzzillo, who indeed was a member of the Benny Goodman band during the summer 1935 tour, the final stop of which was at the Palomar Ballroom in Los Angeles. (The BG band was very well received at the Palomar Ballroom. Their stay there eventually ran some six weeks.) I started looking through every book I had that might contain a picture of Muzzillo (he was a highly respected lead trumpeter during the swing era), but found only photos of Muzzillo taken from a distance, where I could not see his face clearly. Of course, I also began to revisit the process I used to identify this photo, and began noticing some similarities between it, and the one at the top of this post, of the BG golfers. Although it is not clear if Berigan is wearing the same shirt in each photo, it does look like he was wearing the same trousers and belt. Also, I detected a similar southern California Mission-style architecture in the buildings in both pictures. All of these things suggested to me that the two pictures may well have been taken on the same day at the same place, since the golfers picture was most certainly taken in Los Angeles in the summer of 1935. Perhaps the other picture had in it another musician who was in the Goodman band at that time, like Ralph Muzzillo.
Trumpeter Ralph Muzzillo – late 1930s.
Very recently, while doing research for another blog post, I came across the photo of Ralph Muzzillo at left on the Internet. (It was clearly identified and was grouped with other similar photos about Muzzillo’s work with Jimmy Dorsey’s band.) I immediately went back to the photo with the mystery man in the middle, and came to the conclusion that I could now positively identify that man as Ralph Muzzillo, and that that photo was in all likelihood taken in either late August or in September of 1935 at a golf course/country club in Los Angeles on the same day as the BG golfers photo was taken. It has taken me some nine years, but I think I finally have the caption right, at least as it correctly identifies Ralph Muzzillo. The identity of the third man, however, remains a mystery. The only member of the Goodman band then who looked even remotely like the man in the hat was tenor saxophonist Arthur Rollini, but I cannot identify that man as Rollini with certainty.
The music: The Benny Goodman band made one Victor recording session in Los Angeles while they were resident at the Palomar Ballroom, on September 27, near the end of the engagement. Three tunes were recorded: “Santa Claus Came in the Spring”; “Goodbye” (printed as “Good-Bye” on the label of Victor 25215-A); and “Madhouse.” “Santa Claus Came in the Spring” is a pop tune that was arranged by Spud Murphy, featuring a vocal by Joe Harris,[i] and a tasty sixteen-bar solo by Berigan, using a tightly fitted cup mute. Bunny also played first trumpet throughout most of that performance.
“Goodbye,”[ii] a lovely ballad, was composed and arranged by Gordon Jenkins, then working in the Isham Jones band. (Jenkins was friendly with Goodman during the time BG was forming his band, and recommended that Benny hire the marvelous, but almost never featured trombonist Sterling “Red” Ballard, who had been working with Jenkins in the Jones band. Ballard remained with Benny until 1940.) By the time this recording was made, BG had decided to use “Goodbye” as his closing theme. This recording of “Goodbye” is magnificent, indeed one of the most memorable of the swing era. The performance is superb, and the fidelity excellent. The Jenkins arrangement has Goodman playing the somber melody, with Berigan behind him, playing a recurring three-note phrase on his straight-muted trumpet. Bunny’s playing here is purely straight, but strangely evocative. The trumpeters in the Goodman band quickly dubbed these three notes the “go-to-hell” notes, and joked among themselves about who was going to play the “go-to-hell” notes behind the boss in the closing theme. While he was a member of the Goodman band in the summer of 1935, it was usually Bunny Berigan. The brief trombone solo is played by Jack Lacey, and the big-toned first trumpet part by Ralph Muzzillo.
[i] Trombonist Joe Harris (1908–1952) was a splendid instrumentalist and fine jazz player, as his solos on the Benny Goodman records of “Basin Street Blues” and “Stompin’ at the Savoy” plainly show. However, he did not play trombone in the Goodman band during its 1935 cross-country tour. He was used only as a “boy vocalist.” The jazz trombone solos then were handled by Jack Lacey, also an excellent trombonist. Harris moved into the trombone section only after Lacey left the Goodman band, which was immediately after they closed at the Palomar Ballroom.
[ii] “Goodbye,” according to D. Russell Connor, was at first entitled “Blue Serenade.” See The Record of a Legend—Benny Goodman, by D. Russell Connor, Let’s Dance Corp. (1984), 58. I suspect that Gordon Jenkins or his publisher changed the title to avoid confusion with a then very popular song entitled “A Blues Serenade.”
Published by mzirpolo
View all posts by mzirpolo
"Goodbye", #BennyGoodman, #BunnyBerigan, #GordonJenkins, bunnyberiganmrtrumpet.com
“Shanghai Shuffle” (1938)
Buddy Rich at 100: “Moten Swing” (1938) Bunny Berigan
3 thoughts on “The challenges of creating correct captions; and Benny Goodman’s “Goodbye” (1935)”
Mark Cederquist says:
Hello, Mike.
Wow! I’ve given myself insomnia reading your wonderful, heartfelt articles on Bunny Berigan here. Though I’m not nearly as big and dedicated fan of Bunny’s work as you, I still scoop up any records I come across by his bona-fide orchestra as well as those I know he’s on as a sideman (I’m a record collector – been collecting 78’s exclusively for nearly 32 years now – my intro to Bunny’s own orchestra was actually his spellbinding rendition of “Caravan” and the masterpiece of his version of “Azure”, inexplicably the B-side of a Tommy Dorsey 78 on Victor).
Anyways, I’d like to offer up a couple of sources that might come in handy – one being label pictures of original 78’s (I happen to have the first recordings issued by Bunny’s bona-fide orchestra – “You Can’t Run Away From Love Tonight”/”‘Cause My Baby Says It’s So” on Victor Scroll 25562 if you ever need a label picture of it) and the address of my YouTube channel that has about a couple hundred transfers of 78’s from my stash. One transfer, for example, being a nice, clean and strong original master pressing of Benny Goodman’s “Good Bye” on a Canadian issue of Victor 25215 at the link below – a darn site more full sounding than the awful, pinched 3-CD set “The Birth Of Swing” provides:
mzirpolo says:
Thanks Mark for your comments and info.
The RCA “Birth of Swing” CD set was a disaster. The sound on many tracks was distorted by someone who didn’t know what they were doing defacing the original recordings by applying way too much noise reduction. As is obvious from the recordings you and I posted, the sound on the original Victor recording was superb.
Keep visiting and keep commenting! We learn from each other.
Pingback: Palomar Nights – summer 1935, with Benny Goodman – “Basin Street Blues” – Mr. Trumpet
Palomar Nights - summer 1935, with Benny Goodman - Basin Street Blues
Recorded by Benny Goodman and His Orchestra from a live broadcast from the Palomar ballroom in Los Angeles, California on ...
Can't Help Lovin' Dat Man (1937)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mOxkFE6ocEQComposed by Jerome Kern; arranged by Joe Lippman.Recorded by Bunny Berigan and His Orchestra for Victor on December 23, 1937 ...
“Dardanella” (1936)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IesRAO1E0as&t=15sRecorded by Bunny Berigan and His Orchestra for Thesaurus Transcription Service on July 20, 1936 ...
Carelessly (1937)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xdF3hWxgfzM"Carelessly"Composed by Charles Kenny, Nick Kenny and Norman Ellis; probably arranged by Joe Lippman.Recorded by Bunny Berigan and His Orchestra ...
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Published: 13 June 2014 13 June 2014
Windsor Castle is a royal residence at Windsor in the English county of Berkshire. The castle is notable for its long association with the British royal family and for its architecture. The original castle was built in the 11th century after the Norman invasion by William the Conqueror. Since the time of Henry I, it has been used by succeeding monarchs and it is the longest-occupied palace in Europe. The castle's lavish, early 19th-century State Apartments are architecturally significant, described by art historian Hugh Roberts as "a superb and unrivalled sequence of rooms widely regarded as the finest and most complete expression of later Georgian taste". The castle includes the 15th-century St George's Chapel, considered by historian John Robinson to be "one of the supreme achievements of English Perpendicular Gothic" design. More than five hundred people live and work in Windsor Castle.
The main entrance to Windsor Castle (after haveing passed through a security inspections). The queen still spends time here. The main entrance to Windsor Castle (after haveing passed through a security inspections). The queen still spends time here.
A view of the central tower which was constructed starting in 1070CE. A view of the central tower which was constructed starting in 1070CE.
The garden courtyard. The garden courtyard.
More of the garden courtyard. More of the garden courtyard.
https://burdo.net/index.php/windsor-castle#sigProIde71e3edb33
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‘It was a really good change for me’ — a senior banker on her EMBA
DJ Kim says the course helped her to see the real value of people on her team
Financial Times Nov 25, 2019
I had always worked with bankers — studying the executive MBA at Korea University Business School was the first time I had made friends with colleagues who did not work in finance. There were about 50 of us on the course. While most of us were from South Korea, we came from all types of industries and companies.
My classmates had a way of thinking that was quite different from mine, so the experience was very interesting. Even though I graduated from the programme four years ago, I still often contact them for their advice when I have difficulties managing my team or face big decisions.
I started my banking career in New Zealand. I had moved to Auckland in the 1990s to do a music diploma, having studied classical music in Korea, but I ended up being offered a job at HSBC. At the time, New Zealand was receiving a wave of immigrants from Korea and the bank needed someone who spoke English and Korean to explain financial products such as mortgages and credit cards.
I got married, had a child and then, after 10 years in New Zealand, was asked to join my boss, who had been appointed head of the South Korea office, to help him launch HSBC’s personal banking division there. Initially, my husband, who is also Korean, said I was crazy and would soon be back. We imagined my colleagues in Korean banking would be very conservative and domineering, but I had a great time: I settled down without any major problems, and my husband soon joined me.
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A change was around the corner, however. I switched to corporate banking and was involved in one of the largest merger and acquisitions deals in South Korea, when Doosan, one of the country’s conglomerates, bought US construction equipment maker Bobcat in 2007.
My career was going well, but then the financial crisis struck. Amid the cutbacks, I moved to Standard Chartered and then started thinking about doing an EMBA. At the time, my work involved helping Korean companies benefit from the China’s decision to internationalise its currency. This meant I was liaising with regulatory bodies and private clients, as well as being a team leader.
Previously I had mostly managed myself, but from here on I had to work with a team. The main reason for applying for the EMBA was to learn how to do this effectively.
I decided to apply to KUBS in Seoul as it has a good name and my previous boss was a graduate. Initially, I thought about doing a normal MBA, but he recommended I do an executive course to prepare myself for senior management roles in the organisation. My company paid about 60 per cent of the tuition fees and I funded the rest myself.
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The course was part-time and lasted for two years. We would meet on Friday afternoons — my company would allow me to leave early — and on Saturday. We had a lot of homework, quite a lot of reports to read and then exams. I would normally get to school early on Saturday to study in the library and spend the whole of Sunday reading.
Without the understanding and support of my family and my boss, it would have been difficult to work and study at the same time. I was lucky to have a female boss who fully supported and understood my desire for career development.
I also had to give up on the idea of achieving a perfect balance between work and family. During my studies, my son was preparing for his university entrance exams and I couldn’t spend as much time with him as I wanted. But looking back, I think it made him more independent.
My favourite class was on corporate innovation, as we were taught how to assess and prepare for risk. My work is providing financial services for midsized companies in Korea. It used to be a predominantly manufacturing-focused economy, but these days we work with a lot of ecommerce and tech companies, which have completely different balance sheets. The EMBA taught me how to value companies based not only on their financial results, but on other intangible aspects such as intellectual property.
My work style has changed a lot since KUBS. I now rely more on colleagues whereas previously I would spend a lot of time trying to achieve the best result myself. It has allowed me to see the real value of people on my team — it was a really good change for me. Now I think about the young talent in my team and try to share with them what I learnt on my EMBA. I want to be a great coach.
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Home BOLLYWOOD Pankaj Tripathi Excited To Star In Indian Remake Of Criminal Justice
Pankaj Tripathi Excited To Star In Indian Remake Of Criminal Justice
Pankaj Tripathi, who recently won a Special Mention National Award for his exceptional performance in Newton, has been brought on board to star in the Indian remake of the popular BBC series, Criminal Justice. It’s still under wraps as to what role the Masaan actor has been roped in to play, but it surely will be something to look forward to.
BBC Worldwide India recently declared that they would be remaking several popular British television shows for Indian audiences. The top 2 shows up for remake are The Office and Criminal Justice. Criminal Justice first aired in 2008 and had 2 seasons with different story lines, although both centred on a murder mystery and was one of the most watched crime thrillers on British television. Its popularity gained it an HBO miniseries remake, called The Night Of, starring Riz Ahmed and John Turturro.
Pankaj Tripathi on being roped in for the role said, ” I am very excited to be part of the CriminalJustice remake in India. This is my second Digital series and it is amazing how much audiences are loving the digital space. My role and the details of the show are still being chalked out but looking at both the British and American version, I know there is going to be a bit of everything in this show. I am looking forward to working with Tigmanshu Dhulia, Jackie Shroff and Vikrant Massey. Tigmanshu and I worked on Gangs of Wasseypur as actors, this time he will direct me and it has been my wish to be directed by him for the longest time. Now my wish is coming true.”
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Home HOLLYWOOD SAG Awards 2014: American Hustle And Breaking Bad Get Top Honours
SAG Awards 2014: American Hustle And Breaking Bad Get Top Honours
The 20th Screen Actors Guild Awards, popularly known as the SAG Awards, were held on January 18, 2014 in Shrine Auditorium Ceremony, Los Angeles.
SAG Awards is an accolade given by the Screen Actors Guild American Federation Of Television And Radio Artists to recognize outstanding performances in film and primetime television and are considered one of the most predictive indicators of the Oscars.
American Hustle won The 20th Annual SAG Awards top honour over the much acclaimed historical drama 12 Years A Slave.
On the other hand, Breaking Bad victory lap continued as the show took honors for outstanding dramatic cast and for lead actor Bryan Cranston who added his second lead actor SAG Award, to go with his recent Golden Globe win and his numerous Emmys.
One of the night’s biggest winner was Lupita Nyong’o, who won supporting actress over Jennifer Lawrence. 12 Years A Slave is only her feature film debut and her speech was both composed and emotional.
Two big-screen veterans who won awards for television films: Michael Douglas for HBO’s Liberace drama Behind The Candelabra and Helen Mirren for the biopic Phil Spector, also on HBO.
Here’s The Complete Winner List Of The 20th Annual SAG Awards:
Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award: Rita Moreno
MOTION PICTURE:
Outstanding Performance By A Cast In A Motion Picture: American Hustle
Outstanding Performance By A Female Actor In A Leading Role: Cate Blanchett for Blue Jasmine
Outstanding Performance By A Male Actor In A Leading Role: Matthew McConaughey for Dallas Buyers Club
Outstanding Performance By A Female Actor In A Supporting Role: Lupita Nyong’o For 12 Years A Slave
Outstanding Performance By A Male Actor In A Supporting Role: Jared Leto for Dallas Buyers Club
Outstanding Action Performance By Stunt Ensemble Motion Picture: Lone Survivor
Outstanding Performance By An Ensemble In A Drama Series: Breaking Bad
Outstanding Performance By An Ensemble In A Comedy Series: Modern Family
Outstanding Performance By A Female Actor In A Drama Series: Maggie Smith for Downton Abbey
Outstanding Performance By A Male Actor In A Drama Series: Bryan Cranston for Breaking Bad
Outstanding Performance By A Female Actor In A Comedy Series: Julia Louis-Dreyfus for Veep
Outstanding Performance By A Male Actor In A Comedy Series: Ty Burrell for Modern Family
Outstanding Performance By A Female Actor In A Television Movie Or Mini Series: Helen Mirren for Phil Spector
Outstanding Performance By A Male Actor In A Television Movie Or Mini Series: Michael Douglas for Behind The Candelabra
Outstanding Action Performance By Stunt Ensemble In A Television Series: Game Of Thrones
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Investing In our Infrastructure to Create Jobs in our Community
Studies have shown that investments in our infrastructure lead to new economic activity and job creation – that’s why I’m proud to help lead the fight to invest in Illinois’ roads, bridges, rail lines and airports. From working across the aisle in Congress to meeting with a Republican White House, I stand ready to collaborate in a bipartisan nature to reinvest in our infrastructure.
The 17th district is home to three international airports (Quad-City International Airport, Peoria International Airport and Chicago Rockford International Airport), in addition to several smaller regional airports. I’ve fought hard to bring home federal support for these airports. Additionally, after seeing how the Chicago Rockford International Airport’s cargo operation has helped to drive the local economy, I founded the bipartisan Air Cargo Caucus to raise awareness to lawmakers and their staff about the importance of supporting this critical industry.
Our district is defined by its connections. Our highways span thousands of miles that connect east to west and north to south. The Mississippi River, our district’s western border, and the Illinois Waterway move millions of tons of goods every year through aging locks and dams. The agricultural products, along with other products and goods, moved through these highways and waterway systems are key to commerce in the region. I was proud to push the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to prioritize the Navigation and Ecosystem Sustainability Program (NESP) and help secure $4.5 million for funding to update our locks and dams on the Upper Mississippi and provide critical ecosystem restoration. And with critical rail projects like the Quad-City to Chicago rail line still being developed, I am optimistic about the potential for new economic development opportunities in the future.
In 2015, I was proud to help lead a bipartisan effort to pass the first long-term highway bill in a decade. This legislation was projected to provide Illinois with over $7.5 billion in funding for highway, transit and transportation safety programs through fiscal year 2020. As Congress considers a new highway bill, I will continue to fight for the infrastructure needs of Illinois.
If we want to attract new employers to our region and create more good-paying jobs, we must strengthen our infrastructure system. Our parents left us with a world-class transportation system. We owe it to the next generation to carry on this promise.
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Home English Ejup Ganic: A Miscarriage of British Justice
Ejup Ganic: A Miscarriage of British Justice
updated on January 9, 2019 March 30, 2010
This post was co-authored by Mary Welstead, a visiting professor at the University of Buckingham. It was originally published by GlobalPost.
Monday, March 1, 2010, on the eve of his 64th birthday, Professor Ejup Ganic was arrested. A United States-educated academic and former member of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzogovina, Ganic was en route to his home in Sarajevo via Heathrow Airport. Taken into custody by officers from Scotland Yard’s Extradition Unit and brought before a magistrate, he was immediately incarcerated in a London prison. For three days, he was denied access to consular services, his lawyers and his family. The United Kingdom government’s excuse was administrative error.
Over these several weeks, the highly regarded system of British justice has been seriously questioned. Though Ganic has now been released on bail, the conditions are stringent: He must report daily to the police, stay at one address in London, and he is not allowed to travel.
This stunning state of affairs came about because the Republic of Serbia, which waged a bloody war on Bosnia from 1992 to 1995 and placed Sarajevo under the most appalling siege of modern times, made a preliminary request to the U.K. for Ganic’s extradition. It alleged that he had committed war crimes in 1992 during the Serbian-led aggression against Bosnia. These allegations have already been investigated — and dismissed — by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in The Hague.
Serbian authorities have one month to produce evidence to back up their request for extradition. At that point, a date will be arranged for a judge to decide the future of Ganic. His barrister, or Queen’s Counsel, Clare Montgomery, has described the attempt to prosecute him as a mockery of justice. His solicitor, Stephen Gentle, maintains that Serbia’s request is flawed and misconceived.
Bosnian authorities have protested strongly to the British ambassador in Sarajevo about Ganic’s treatment. They maintain rightly that this action is in contravention of international treaties on consular and diplomatic relations. The shadow foreign secretary, William Hague, has asked Foreign Secretary David Miliband to investigate. He is anxious that there is a real risk of repercussions between the U.K. and Bosnia, as well as other Balkan nations. In fact, thousands of Bosnians have gathered outside the British embassy in Sarajevo to register their concern and show their support for Ganic.
Why did they arrest Ganic? The allegations are a thin attempt to pretend that the conduct of Bosnian leaders to defend their country during the war was no different from the barbarism perpetrated by Serb political and military forces. Human rights groups have consistently found that the huge majority of atrocities committed during the war were at the hands of the Serbs. It’s not a blanket indictment of all Serbs to insist that those who allegedly led the genocide be put to trial, nor is it “even-handed” to accuse leaders on all sides.
The world will never forget news reports as Serbia surrounded Sarajevo, former host of the Winter Olympics, and from the hills rained down rockets and bullets on citizens. Casualties of the war were massive; 150,000 were killed in a country with a population of 4 million; hillsides today are filled with white tombstones. Still, though 60 percent of the housing was destroyed, the spirit of many Bosnians stayed strong.
Now Serbia is anxious to draw public attention away from the trial of one of its former leaders, Radovan Karadzic, which resumed in The Hague on the day Ganic was arrested. According to the New York Times, the Bosnian Serb is “widely regarded by diplomats as the chief architect of ethnic cleansing … crimes that were Europe’s worst atrocities since World War II.”
In his speech to the tribunal, Karadzic maintained, on the one hand, that the killing of thousands of Muslims was “just and holy,” and on the other, that the killing of 8,000 unarmed Muslim men and boys by Serbs at Srebrenica did not take place. The mass graves, he suggested, were filled with bones brought from elsewhere — shades of Holocaust denial yet again.
This whole affair is embarrassing for the British government. The U.K. is regarded as a soft touch for the execution of many extradition requests issued for spurious reasons. The government now claims to be unable to intervene in Ganic’s incarceration; the strictly observed separation of powers means that the matter is now in the hands of the courts. It leaves open the possibility that Bosnia will carry out its threat to rescue Ganic by issuing a request that the U.K. hand him over to authorities there.
Bosnia argues that there is an agreement between Serbia and Bosnia for those alleged to have perpetrated war crimes to be tried in their home jurisdiction if the alleged crime was committed there. Such an action would lead to an unprecedented double extradition contest between Bosnia and Serbia, and a long legal battle in the U.K. courts.
Ganic is a true patriot. He returned to his country from America to enter political life. As deputy to Bosnian President Alija Izetbegovic, he chose to remain with his people during the war, enduring pain, cold and famine alongside them when he had every opportunity to enjoy a comfortable life elsewhere. Since 1995, he has sought — first, as a politician, then as an educator — to bring political stability and economic security back to his country.
Convinced that education is the future, in 2004, after an introduction to the University of Buckingham by Lady Thatcher, he entered into a joint venture and opened a new multi-ethnic, English-language university, the Sarajevo School of Science and Technology. The university offers both Bosnian and U.K. degrees. It’s ironic that Ganic was returning from Buckingham on the day of his arrest, having watched his second cohort of students enjoy their graduation ceremony.
Serbia has succeeded in creating maximum chaos, and expense, for both Ganic and the U.K. It’s a moral shame to abuse these extradition proceedings as a means of satisfying one state’s political insecurity, rousing the inter-ethnic conflict Ganic has struggled so courageously to counteract.
Mary Welstead is a visiting professor at the University of Buckingham. She has held similar appointments at McGill University in Montreal, the University of Cambridge U.K., and the University of Warwick U.K. From 2003 -2008 she helped set up the Sarajevo School of Science and Technology.
Russian ‘nyet’ to NATO extension east
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Stars Being Released From The Military In 2012
2012/02/17 Source
Following the discharge of actor Lee Joon-gi from the military, much attention is being focused on other male stars expected to make their returns this year.
Lee first enlisted back on May 3, 2010, having served in the public relations department in the Ministry of National Defense. He was recently discharged on February 16th, and has already been busy with a fan meeting on the same day at Sang Myung University. 2,000 of his fans came out to greet him.
Along with Lee will be actor Lee Dong-gun, making his entertainment comeback in March of this year. Kim Tae-hee's younger brother, Lee Wan will be discharged soon after in April. Lee Wan first caught the public's eye with his role in the hit drama "Stairway to Heaven" in 2003.
Kim Nam-gil will be released from his duties as a public service worker at the Gangnam-gu office in Seoul in July. He's most noted for his work in "Queen Seon-deok" in 2009.
Gang Dong-won will then finish his military duties in November, after having served at the Research Institue of Public Health & Environment. After soaring to top status in "Secret Reunion", Kang has been particularly secretive with his activities during the past two years, making fans all the more excited for his return.
Other stars that fans can look forward to this year include Kim Ji-suk, Kim Ji-hoon-I, Jo Han-sun, Park Hyo-shin, Super Junior's Kangin, and Epik High's Mithra Jin.
Source : english.kbs.co.kr/Ent...
"Stars Being Released From The Military In 2012"
Based on a work from this source
Secret Reunion
(의형제 - 2010)
Queen Seon-deok
(선덕여왕 - 2009)
(천국의 계단 - 2003)
Actor Lee Joon-gi Ready for Comeback After Military Service
2012/02/17 (Source)
Lee Joon-gi, who rose to stardom by starring in the movie "The King and the Clown", was discharged,...More
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Kim Seo-young
(김서영)
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Apr 20, 2015 • By Monte Olmsted
Häagen-Dazs limited edition vanishes in Japan
Japanese ice cream lovers quickly bought out more than 5 million mini-cups of the latest limited edition of Häagen-Dazs ice cream.
The dish featured Japanese flavors blended with a popular dessert made from steamed and pounded rice.
The two flavors of Häagen-Dazs Hana Mochi ice cream were supposed to be on market from late February until July. Consumer demand, however, led to Japanese supermarkets and convenience stores selling out within a week, says Ryo Morinaka, marketing manager for Häagen-Dazs Japan.
“We expected consumers would find the combination of ice cream and mochi – a Japanese food – a novelty,” says Ryo. “However, to be honest, we did not imagine it would be such a huge hit.”
Ryo says the Hana Mochi launch was widely discussed on social media before the ice cream went on sale.
The hoopla marked the first time Häagen-Dazs Japan had to suspend sales of a product within a week of launching. But there have been other wildly popular products that experienced similar fates.
In 2003, Häagen-Dazs Japan suspended sales of two new ice cream flavors – custard pudding and red bean – when demand outstripped supplies. But those flavors were each on the market for at least a month.
Layered with soft mochi used in traditional Japanese desserts, the ice cream hit store shelves on Feb. 23. Mochi is a rice cake made by steaming mochi rice and pounding it to give it a sticky, almost rubbery texture.
In development for two years, Hana Mochi marked the first time Häagen-Dazs Japan created an ice cream containing mochi.
“We thought it would be a whole new way to enjoy Häagen-Dazs ice cream,” Ryo says.
Hana Mochi translates to “splendid rice cake” and comes in two flavors.
The first includes kinako – roasted soybean flour – mixed with brown sugar syrup known as kuromitsu. The other includes walnuts with a sweet soy sauce syrup known as mitarishi.
Mochi can be difficult to combine with other foods, and doing so with ice cream proved challenging. But Häagen-Dazs came up with the right amount of sugar and moisture to allow the mochi to remain soft when paired with the ice cream.
Monte Olmsted was a writer in Global Communications at General Mills, based in Minneapolis. He wrote stories for "A Taste of General Mills" and internal company channels. He worked for General Mills from 2012-2016. More posts by this author
Categories: Innovation
Post Tags: haagen-dazs, ice cream
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The Robird: Coming Soon to a Sky Near You
01 February 2018 Tori-Patterson Flying
During a research project for my Airport Manager Certification class (which is really just studying for the AAAE CM exam), I happened upon a video of one of the most interesting Wildlife Management technologies I've ever seen. The video featured the "Robird," which is an Unmanned Aerial System designed to look and fly exactly as a bird of prey does. Created by the company Clear Flight Solutions in the Netherlands, the bird uses UAS technology to be remotely controlled from the ground by a certified pilot. The bird can be used in several scenarios where birds may be a hazard to the surrounding environment, but especially at airports where birds pose a threat to safe flight operations. The body of the UAS is painted with faux feathers, eyes and a beak to increase the lifelike appearance. This device comes in two models, the Eagle and the Falcon, replicating their respective birds of prey.
To begin their marvelous flight, one person uses their hands to hold the drone up into the air while the pilot uses their controls to makes the bird come to life and start flapping its wings. A slight mechanical buzz is heard, but nothing that would give the bird away to his avian enemies. The assistant then launches the drone forward, sending it into the skies and on towards its mission. The small but mighty UAS is able to reach speeds of up to 50 miles per hour, a big selling point for those looking to take their wildlife management tactics to the next level.
A flying robot has many unique challenges. It has to be lightweight enough to soar through the air, but the body must contain all of the necessary mechanical parts, resulting in extra weight. The engineers were able to give the birds perfect weights (the Falcon is 1.6 pounds and the Eagle is 4.5 pounds) by creating the bodies out of nylon composite with glass fiber and utilizing a lithium polymer battery. The wings are 3D printed, and the machine is assembled by hand.
The most important technology of the Robird is how Clear Flight Solutions has managed to make the robot look incredibly lifelike, completely indistinguishable from a real bird of prey from even a short distance away. This is achieved not only by the immaculate paint job on the robot, but the way that it flaps its wings and has a flight behavior eerily similar to the real birds. This is achieved by having each foam wing flex into different degrees across its length.
The pilot is always able to control exactly where the bird flies, so it is safe in even the busiest airfields. Because it utilizes drone technology, it will be easy to regulate and classify the device for Airport Certification Manuals. The creators of the device are quoted as saying, "it can be tempting to put too much technology into the bird," and seem to want their device to be useful because it is simple, rather than too technological to operate daily.
The goal when using this robot is to scare away unwanted wildlife from active airfields, providing efficient wildlife management and drastically reducing the occurrences of bird strikes. According to the Federal Aviation Administration, birds make up 97% of reported wildlife strikes. Seeing as they are the most common wildlife hazard, airport managers must often target them specifically.
Birds have shown a tendency to become accustomed to other traditional means of wildlife management, such as loud noises or statues of owls. Clear Flight Solutions claims that as use of their Robird continues on the airfield, the birds will learn to avoid the supposed "hunting ground" of the creature, and the problematic populations will dwindle. In a series of test flights they were able to reduce the bird population in the affected area by 75 percent over time.
This is a new and exciting technology, and I am interested to see how this bird drone develops further into the future. Check out the video below to see the realistic flight patterns of the Robird. The future is now!
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Tori takes a look at one of the newest technologies for wildlife management, a robotic bird drone th...
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Hole In the Ground
Hole In the Ground.
“Can’t repeat the past?” he cried incredulously. “Why of course you can!” He looked around him wildly, as if the past were lurking here in the shadow of his house…
F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby.
Be like the sun
Never gone
Sleep long and fast
Let the past be the past
Broadcast, “Long Was the Year.”
Aaargh, that Tony Newley stuff, how cringey. No, I haven’t much to say about that in its favor.
Bowie, Musician, 1990.
For a long time, Bowie’s Sixties had begun in 1969: he hadn’t existed prior to “Space Oddity.” Whatever came before that record was mere juvenilia. His Decca, Parlophone and Pye singles, his Deram album, “The Laughing Gnome,” the King Bees and Manish Boys and the Buzz and the Riot Squad, five years of candled ambition: all of it was buried, its obscurity encouraged.
It was also hard to find some of these records—they crept in and out of print, the tracks shuffled through decades’ worth of shabby collections. Bowie didn’t own the rights to the songs, and seemed indisposed to licensing them, so “The London Boys” was never on any career retrospective despite the song being a foundational work—“Rock ‘n’ Roll Suicide” and Diamond Dogs, among a fleet of others, are inconceivable without it.
A few things aligned at last. His pre-Philips material was thoroughly compiled on two CD reissues: Rhino’s 1991 Early On and 1997’s Deram Anthology (Bowie was involved in producing the latter, which unfortunately meant two outtakes from David Bowie—“Bunny Thing” and “Pussy Cat”—were cut from the track list). And the Sixties affectations of high Britpop—Blur’s “Country House” wasn’t that far removed from “Join the Gang“— gave the oldest Bowie records a context: they had somehow become hip. It’s surprising one of Bowie’s Pye singles didn’t wind up on the Rushmore soundtrack. “Some of my recent albums have been picked up by the ’90s generation, but they don’t know the early stuff,” Bowie told GQ in 2000. “I think it’s a surprise when they hear them…and think ‘did he write that?‘”
It could’ve been a preemptive strike, covering himself before someone like Oasis did. Bowie, taping a VH1 Storytellers in August 1999, resurrected his first major composition, “Can’t Help Thinking About Me,” playing it for the first time since the Marquee Club days of 1966. While he introduced the song by ridiculing its lyric, it cooked on stage, thanks to Sterling Campbell’s drumming—it felt fresher than the ‘hours’ songs he was debuting. (Playing it allowed Mark Plati “to work out a lot of Who fantasies on stage, thank you very much.”) And in a few live dates later that year, Bowie revived “I Dig Everything.” (Mike Garson said they played “Karma Man” and “Conversation Piece” in rehearsals.)
So Bowie’s first web journal entry of the new century noted that he would re-record songs he’d released between 1964-1969, “not so much a Pin Ups II as an Up Date I.” As typical with Bowie, the idea quickly ballooned in scope. As with “What’s Really Happening?” the recording sessions for Up Date I would be broadcast via webcam. And he wouldn’t only remake his old singles, he’d revive songs which hadn’t even made the cut back then. He would draw from his legion of ghost songs, those that fans knew only as their titles: Ernie Johnson, “Black Hole Kids,” “It’s Gonna Rain Again” and, see below, “Hole In the Ground.”
“I know what happens when I play the classics,” he sneers a little impatiently. “So why would I want to do it again? Other than for financial remuneration, which I frankly don’t need.”
Bowie, Q interview, 1997.
In February 2000, Bowie and Iman told the press that she was pregnant. He would be a father again at 53. He also said he would play the Glastonbury Festival for the first time since 1971 (when he’d also been a new father). Soon afterward he hired Earl Slick, who hadn’t played with him since the Serious Moonlight tour, as his new lead guitarist: a sharp swerve from the now-confirmed-departed Reeves Gabrels.
As Iman was due in August, Bowie planned a burst of activity for June and early July: a handful of NYC live shows that would double as rehearsals for the Glastonbury gig and for what he was now calling “the Sixties album,” which he planned to cut immediately upon his return to New York. “I hate to waste the energy of a show-honed band,” he told Time Out. “I’ve pulled together a selection of songs from a somewhat unusual reservoir and booked time in a studio. I still get really elated by the spontaneous event and cannot wait to sit in a claustrophobic space with seven other energetic people and sing till my tits drop off.” Plati would go to work mixing Bowie’s 1968-1972 BBC sessions (yet another reclamation: Bowie at the Beeb would be issued in September) and then would pivot to mixing “the Sixties album” in the fall.
During rehearsals, Bowie worked his band (the Hours touring unit plus Slick) through his abandoned catalog, reviving all but two of his 1964-1966 singles (“I Pity the Fool” was superfluous, “Do Anything You Say” perhaps too dire a composition to salvage) and the cream of the Deram years (sadly, not the Gnome). He didn’t want the band to be reverent; he wanted them to crack their way into the songs, pull them out of their shells. “We weren’t out to duplicate the original tracks at all,” Plati said.
As a prelude, Bowie fully gave himself over to his past, with setlists meant to make old Bowie fans weep. The first Roseland gig, a three-hour extravagance that blew out Bowie’s voice, opened with the four-shot of “Wild Is the Wind,” “Life on Mars?” “Golden Years” and “Changes,” most of which he’d hadn’t played in a decade. He unearthed rarely-played classics (“Absolute Beginners,” not performed since 1987) and debuted “This Is Not America” on stage; at the June 19 gig, he played “London Boys” for the first time in nearly 35 years. It also gave Gail Ann Dorsey a rare chance to play clarinet.
He flew to the UK, where he sang “Starman” on television for the first time since the Heath ministry (why not? it was getting to the point where you expected him to appear in Ziggy Stardust makeup); two days later, he headlined Glastonbury.
I haven’t been here for 30 years and I’m having a fucking great time!
Bowie, quoted by the NME at Glastonbury.
In the year of its birth, 1971, Glastonbury was among the free festivals starting to crop up around Britain. Fitting for a show held in the shadow of Glastonbury Tor, its pyramid-shaped stage was constructed on a ley-line. It was free admission for the 12,000 or so hippies who’d made their way out to Somerset. Bowie played a set at dawn: just him, his 12-string acoustic and a piano. For the wakening crowd, he offered, for the first time, the breadth of Hunky Dory, from “Quicksand” to “Kooks.”
Glastonbury was in retrospect one of Bowie’s most critical live performances: the sunny reception he got was the best experience he’d had in years. He’d stopped solo live performance after his acoustic/mime shows had bombed in 1969. In the summer of 1971, Bowie was still unsure whether he wanted to be a performer at all. Given the songs he was now racking up, he thought he could be primarily a songwriter, like his friend Lesley Duncan. But that morning in Glastonbury confirmed him as a stageman: Ziggy Stardust would play his first show half a year later.
In 2000, Glastonbury was charging £87 tickets and drawing crowds of 100,000. Its recent headliners had included Blur, Oasis, Primal Scream, Pulp and Prodigy. Bowie came back as some lost king regnant of British music, wearing what looked like an eccentric bishop’s vestments, his hair in flowing golden locks; he gently proceeded to make everyone else on the bill (his co-headliners were Travis and the Chemical Brothers) look second-rate. He led off with “Wild Is the Wind,” exorcised “Station to Station” with Slick in tow: for an encore he did “Ziggy Stardust,” “‘Heroes’,” “Let’s Dance” and a stonking “I’m Afraid of Americans.” The papers went mad: “a masterclass of superstardom” (the Mirror), “an object lesson in How to Be a Rock Star”(the Times); “a level beyond and above everyone else at this festival” (NME).
BBC executive producer Mark Cooper, who was recording the festival, was frustrated that Bowie’s management let him only broadcast six songs from the set (presumably because they were considering releasing the Glastonbury show as a live CD). “It was painful” to cut away from Bowie, he told Paul Trynka. “An artist can be reborn with a performance like that, get another 10 years in their career…I think [denying the full broadcast] was a mistake. Because this was the moment.”
But what was the moment? Was there something sad in all of this ecstatic reclamation, this genial reconquest, with Bowie even wearing his hair at Hunky Dory length? You could regard it as some traveling grand self-entombment. In the year 2000, which he’d feared and talked up and prophesied for much of his life, Bowie wound up playing the nostalgist. A stunningly capable one, sure, but still, he was someone who’d greeted the new millennium by playing songs from 1966 again.
That said, he was in line with one mood of the time. The hooks of the old century were still barbed in the new one: it was as if the culture still couldn’t shake the Sixties’ idea of the future, a future that, of course, hadn’t come true, but one which still seemed more of a “real” future than the one we were now living in. There were still ghosts everywhere. Take the through-line of “Sixties” droning organ across a swath of 2000 records: Broadcast’s “Come On Let’s Go,” Yo La Tengo’s “Let’s Save Tony Orlando’s House,” Blonde Redhead’s “This Is Not,” Ladytron’s “Another Breakfast with You,” Clinic’s “Distortions,” Radiohead’s “Morning Bell.” (If you wanted the sound of a new future, you had to listen to Aaliyah or OutKast.)
So what did Bowie intend with his own “Sixties record”? He’d let in the past again: what was he going to do with it?
The album soon got the working title of Toy (likely from “Baby Loves That Way” and/or “London Boys”). Its basic tracks were cut in about nine days in early July 2000 at Sear Sound, whose 2,500-square-foot studio boasted two isolation booths: one set aside for vocals, the other housing Mike Garson’s collection of keyboards, including a Fender Rhodes (which he hadn’t played since Young Americans) and a Hammond B3 organ. Earl Slick soon had a sense of déjà vu. A walk around the place made him realize that he was in the old Hit Factory, where he’d cut Double Fantasy with John Lennon twenty years earlier. “It really freaked him out,” Plati recalled.
True to his plans, Bowie had flown in his band days after the Glastonbury concert and essentially had them plug in and rip through the songs. (He’d ditched the webcast idea.) In roughly a week they cut 13 tracks, complete with full Bowie vocals. The engineer Pete Keppler recalled Bowie “belting his brains out while the band was just roaring away behind him,” while Plati hadn’t seen Bowie so excited since the first Earthling sessions (another album cut right after a tour to feed off a band’s energy). Bowie was economical beyond his usual habits: he’d cut a first-take lead vocal, then overdub himself on the second take, then add further harmonies for every further take (Plati: “his final vocal would be finished by the time the band had gotten it right!”). Bowie and Plati even managed to hustle in Tony Visconti to score a 14-piece string section for a few tracks.
What Bowie had at the end of the Sear Sound sessions almost certainly included these 11 revivals—a link to the Toy track, if extant, is found in the original entry (* = not circulating, but reportedly recorded):
“Liza Jane”
“You’ve Got a Habit of Leaving”
“Baby Loves That Way”
“Can’t Help Thinking About Me”*
“I Dig Everything”
“The London Boys”
“Silly Boy Blue”
“Let Me Sleep Beside You”
“Karma Man”*
“In the Heat of the Morning”
There was also a track known as “Secret 1” (allegedly Dorsey’s favorite) which Nicholas Pegg rightly (IMO) surmises was likely the revived “Shadow Man.” My guess for the other completed track is another ghost song.
‘Hole in the Ground’ was written by David, Herbie Flowers on bass, Tim Renwick on guitar and Terry Cox on drums. Also David was playing guitar on it. What year was it?…1971, I think. Apart from David, I think I have the only copy in existence.
George Underwood, May 2006 interview with The Voyeur.
It was fitting that George Underwood got caught up in Bowie’s Sixties revival, if indirectly. Underwood was one of Bowie’s oldest friends: he’d played with him in the King Bees; his girlfriend had inspired Bowie’s “Janine”; he’d accompanied Bowie on his first US tour (where he may have kicked off “Jean Genie” by playing Yardbirds songs on the bus). Most of all, Underwood was partially responsible for Bowie’s look (starting, of course, by hitting Bowie in the eye as a teenager and so leaving Bowie’s pupil permanently dilated): he drew the back cover of Space Oddity and designed the covers of albums from Hunky Dory to Low.
Underwood is the control in an experiment in which Bowie’s the radical element: his life can seem an alternate edition of Bowie’s. Considered as handsome, charismatic and talented as his bandmate in the King Bees, Underwood also cut an unsuccessful single or two in the mid-Sixties. But by the end of the decade, he’d become the artist that Bowie would occasionally play at being, founding the Main Artery Studio in 1971. And sometime in the Seventies, Underwood bailed out of the professional music game for good (one story is that a bad acid trip led to a nervous breakdown).
Bowie wrote “Hole in the Ground” for Underwood around 1970. It was his part of his bid to help Underwood make it as a singer—he also wrote “Song for Bob Dylan” and “We Should Be on By Now” (the ur-“Time”) for him—but it was also a feint to benefit his own career. In 1971, Bowie couldn’t release songs under his own name for a time due to his manager’s label/publisher negotiations, so he put out his new compositions under aliases (see the Arnold Corns) or used his friends as masks (see Mickey King’s “Rupert the Riley” or Dana Gillespie’s “Andy Warhol”).
As the original “Hole in the Ground” has never leaked, it’s impossible to know how much of it was altered for the Toy remake. Mike Garson described the Toy version as a jam that the band developed in the studio. If I had to guess, I’d say little fundamentally was changed. The lyric’s in line with Bowie’s lesser works of 1970-1971 (its title may homage Bernard Cribbins): it’s a depressive love ballad with some apocalyptic portents (the hole in the ground mirrors of the “crack in the sky” in “Oh! You Pretty Things”). Some of its vocal phrasing, and the acoustic guitar strum patterns in the verse, call back to “Janine,” and the song shares with “Janine” a slacking-off in lieu of an ending, with its chorus repeated long enough to double as a coda.
Its revival was performed well—Garson’s keyboards gave fresh backdrops to the verses and refrains, and Campbell and Dorsey (who homages Herbie Flowers’ bassline on “Walk on the Wild Side”* and gets in a nice sloping bass fill or two) shone in particular—but its reappearance mainly argued that Bowie had been right in deep-sixing “Hole In the Ground” back in 1970. Time hadn’t improved the song, only made it somewhat novel.
So Bowie had the basics for a new record, one that would capstone a year he’d dedicated to his youth. After taking some time off to be a father, all he’d have to do is a cut few overdubs, mix the tracks and send Toy on its way. Then onto something new with Visconti. Toy would take its seat in the canon, and the past would be the past again… [to be continued]
* Of course the intriguing question is whether Flowers had originally come up with that bassline for “Hole in the Ground” and later recycled it for Lou Reed.
Sources: For this, and the upcoming run of entries, Dan LeRoy’s The Greatest Music Never Sold, which devotes a chapter to Toy, was invaluable. Also, Teenage Wildlife and Bowie Wonderworld, as each was founded in the late Nineties, serve as “real time” documentation of Bowie during this time: interviews, setlists, BowieNet comments, journal entries and chats, etc. Having spent some frustrating months trying to verify details from the shakily-remembered and legend-prone Diamond Dogs era, it’s a blessing to have such an amount of concrete information available.
Top to bottom: Bowie’s life in pictures, 2000.
This entry was posted on Monday, February 17th, 2014 at 1:30 pm and is filed under Toy: 2000. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
73 Responses to Hole In the Ground
humanizingthevacuum says:
The ’99 or early 2000 show included on the live at the Beeb package smokes, particularly “Stay.” Nice to hear “Let’s Dance” in its original 12-string acoustic version too — for a few seconds.
The Beeb set was brilliant indeed!
I do enjoy that Beeb set. The old radio shows and the then current live recordings are great. The Beeb recordings of a number if these songs are my favourite. I will confess to hearing some of the Toy stuff, but not that familiar with it.
CosmicJive says:
The Glasto show with greatest hits setlist were probably the best thing for him to do at that time. After years of playing mainly new stuff and obscure old songs it was nice to hear (some of) the hits again.
But… the way they were performed was I think a bit uninspired.
For each tour up to the hours promotional tour the touring band would give their interpretation of the old songs in the vein of the feel and sound of the current album. That resulted in some fine reinterpretation of old songs like the Ziggy songs during the Stage tour, “All the madmen” and “Time” during Glass Spider, the reworked songs during the Outside and Earthling Tour, etc…
But since the 2000 dates everybody apart from Mike Garson did almost note for note recreations of the album versions of the songs including the sounds. I understand that choice for the 2000 dates since there was no album to promote. But for the Heathen and Reality tours to still follow that format was a bit boring I think.
Maj says:
I think I’ve completely worn out that CD. Love this show.
Remco says:
Nice one. By which I mean the blog entry of course, not the song itself. There’s some nice musical moments in there but it’s hardly a song at all. Some things should stay buried.
The song’s OK, not wholly realized for sure. But the band does sound “cracking”.
Rags says:
The BBC vwrsion of Stay is superb.
RLM says:
Great entry, really fascinated by this era of guilty pleasures. Broadcast a fabulous band to quote – a band who took a retro mindset and used it to create some of the most enduring music of their era (IMO). The notion of creating new sounds from the under-explored possibilities of the past has been responsible (or partly responsible) for so much good music in the last 10 years (ie the whole “hauntological” scene in the UK, Oneohtrix Point Never, Ariel Pink), and yet there remains for me a lingering unease about the music’s retromaniacial heart. As ever Bowie is there, or somewhere near there anyway, with the Toy concept.
I remember seeing the TV broadcast of the BBC Radio Theatre set and having very mixed feelings – amazing setlist, but hadn’t the psychic baggage of the Sound+Vision tour taught me to self-flagellate for enjoying these songs? A great band, but is Earl Slick for Reeves Gabrels a fair trade, and what does it speak of Bowie’s intentions? This nervousness about “edginess” was a defining part of Bowie fandom for me – having lived through Tonight, one was always acutely aware that it could possibly happen again.
(Digression – I have always enjoyed Slick’s trad rock presence but thought of him as a pretty stock character – l was quite moved to read this interview where he laments being asked to play “yet one more blues rock solo” – http://www.billboard.com/articles/news/67786/earl-slick-makes-zig-zag-return)
Anyway I am greatly looking forward to the Heathen/Reality entires – and perhaps in the process better understanding my own mixed feelings about the past colonising the present, and the disappearing future. Thanks as ever for this beautiful project.
s.t. says:
I mentioned earlier that Bowie was sort of treading in similar waters as Stephin Merritt around this time with his knowingly earnest embrace of the classic/cliche, yet Broadcast was a group that seemed to have taken the basic sound of early Magnetic Fields: whirring and sputtering synths with lovely ghostlike female vocals. The approach yielded some really rich material, and this of course was far edgier than what Bowie was doing with his creaky retro ghosts.
I know what you mean about nervousness with regard to artistic trajectory. At the time of Hours and Heathen, I was worried that the weariness and whimsy of the era were symptoms of a more permanent decline. Now that we have The Next Day, though, I know that Bowie was not destined to devolve into a doddering Algeria Touchshriek—he’s embraced his inner Ramona again at last. So I can go back to these albums and enjoy them for what they are: excellent late period works that happen to flirt with softer, simpler sounds.
As a guitarist myself I was utterly dissapointed by the return of Earl Slick. Like you mention he’s a pretty stock character. I don’t understand why Bowie has kept him in the band for this long.
Bowie always had a very good radar for finding interesting guitarists to color his music. Gabrels, Belew, Frip and Alomar are instantly recognisable on the songs they play on just like Garson’s playing is on piano.
Slick however seems to sound like any guitarist in a pop/rock band who just seems to use one distortion effect the entire show.
I do believe Bowie lost edginess from this moment on. The Glastonbury gig to me was the start of him embracing his ‘rock god status’ and starting to live up to the expections that come with this by making his show nostalgia trips.
Slick is instantly recognizable upon playing “Station to Station.”
col1234 says:
There’ll be an entry on Slick at some point, probably the 2002 tour post
Boy, that was awkward writing. I meant to say: “I know it’s Earl Slick the moment I start playing STS.”
I like the Toy sessions; I can’t say I dislike any one song. But a good portion of it is merely pleasant, quite easy to forget or ignore. “Hole in the Ground” is a case in point.
What does this song remind me of? I guess I’m picking up on notes of Solsbury Hill and Dancing Queen…but is there something more obvious I’m missing?
As you say, we don’t know what its original incarnation sounded like, but if you take “Shadow Man” as a reference, it would likely be very similar to the re-recorded version, minus some arrangement flourishes.
The remake of “Shadow Man,” though, is the stunner of Toy in my opinion. The song, originally a sub-par Neil Young knockoff, is reborn with gravity and grace. Also great is the Howlin Wolf/Tom Waits redo of Liza Jane, and the torpid, world weary treatment of the effervescent “Baby Loves That Way.”
Mostly though, the album feels like a warm up for what he eventually realized on Heathen (of course including those original songs).
StevenE says:
I love love love love love the Liza Jane remake. It’s filthy, sleazy and utterly, utterly wonderful. It’s a Bowie canon favourite for me – and I’m not even quite sure why. I can’t think of much else like it in his canon.
And I agree on Shadow Man. There’s a few songs on Toy where Bowie’s given space to really push his vocal – and those are the ones I love.
You really get a sense that Bowie and those around him had high hopes for Toy – which makes me feel kind of sad that it didn’t work out as they’d hoped. As it is, we got Heathen out of it – and I for one wouldn’t change that for anything.
As a side note – like everyone seems to have *their* Doctor, the Heathen/Reality Bowie – seeded in the Toy sessions – is my Bowie.
When it came to exploring Bowie for the first time as a young music (well, Kate Bush and Talking Heads) -fan I started with Let’s Dance and RAFOZiggy Stardust, and stopped there, (weirdly, years later I like the former a lot and hardly ever bother with the latter). For whatever reason neither connected.
& then, about two and a half years ago my then-girlfriend needed a place to crash for a while due to a bereavement. I was living at home and her staying with my mother for any amount of time just didn’t work, so the two of us decamped to this crumbling old country mansion owned by at least one Bowie fanatic (middle-aged, gay). While knocking around I saw they had a copy of Reality, which I only knew as one of Bowie’s more recent, middling efforts. I put it on one night, loved it, and was just staggered by Disco King, which I played again and again and again. I genuinely couldn’t believe that this was the Bowie albums I’d heard so casually written off.
I remember thinking at the time how sad it was that it was probably his last album, and we know how that turned out.
As a side note to this – (yeah I’m rambling) the most infuriating thing about Bowie’s comeback was how almost every UK news profile seemed to dismiss – sometimes vehemently – Bowie’s last few albums. I really think most probably hadn’t heard them very recently.
I keep hearing Springsteen’s ‘Human Touch’, the keyboard line is quite similar.
howscandinavian says:
Quite excited to read and learn more about the Toy era. I find it funny to hear such a well put band play a rather mediocre song.
Sky-Possessing Spider says:
Another ghost song (along with “Black Hole Kids” et.al) I’d love to hear one day is “One Paper Left”. It sounds like the lament of a roll-up smoker.
Rufus Oculus says:
Perhaps Nick Drake got in first with “Five Leaves Left”.
stuartgardner says:
As always, your research is astonishing. I often wonder whether it or the actual writing consumes more of your time, and I expect that you have a source or two whom or which you aren’t able to reveal yet, if ever.
Is there a typo omitting the word “what” from the following?
So did Bowie intend with his own “Sixties record”?
yes, but that should be corrected now—let me know if not
Mike F says:
David should have dug a very deep hole in the ground and thrown his copy and George Underwood’s copy of the original song in there. The song stinks.
Having said that, the performances are fun and energetic. If he wanted to go in the studio without new material, David would have been much better off recording some forgotten gems by other artists, a Pin Ups 2, instead of revisiting this turkey.
Give me Hole in the Ground over Shadow Man any day. The latter seems overwrought and boringly arranged to me. HitG might be undeveloped but there’s something about its nagging rhythm that works. And it wouldn’t be very Bowie just to offer the obvious choices…
NiggyTardust says:
>>he hired Earl Slick, who hadn’t played with him since the Serious Moonlight tour
Didn’t Earl play with db at Live Aid in 1985?
Earl didn’t play at Life Aid.
But he did add a lead solo to Dancing in the Streets – (maybe only on the 12″). I don’t think Bowie was in the studio when he did that. Jagger brought the tapes to New York and brought Earl in AFAIK.
yes, Roman’s right. The Live Aid band was basically the “Absolute Beginners” band—Neil Conti, Kevin Armstrong, etc
roobin101 says:
This is my weekend’s listening sorted. I gave Hole in the Ground and Shadow Man a spin. The former could seriously do without the synth-pad, there is no excuse for using synth-pads – ever. The latter is lovely (I can imagine Elvis Costello making a good fist of Shadow Man). I do think Bowie’s songwriting ability is as much his talent as a bandleader as a solitary composer, specifically as someone who can put a specific combination of musicians in a room to encourage a specific effect – bringing a song like Shadow Man to life.
Mr Tagomi says:
I quite like Hole in the Ground. It’s just a sketch fleshed out really, but there’s nothing necessarily wrong with that, in my book.
On Earl Slick, I like the sharpness of his guitar. I think it brought a punch back to John Lennon’s sound in 1980 (controversial opinion, I know), and I think gave Bowie’s sound a fresh impetus after Hours.
ofer says:
Well written as always, but i have to say even though chronologically they seem related, the nostalgic concerts and the toy project have two tottally different artistic concepts in my ears – and that’s why to me at least the analysis feels kind of lacking this time. Fundamentally, nostalgia is a shared emotion, the kind you feel during “remember when” conversations, and some-what because of that quality it’s always suspicious of being cynically commercially used. That’s also why these concerts feel a bit like bowie is surrendering to his own myth, finally willing to embrace that sort of fake, commercial nostalgia in his work. But “Toy” is a completely different beast: It’s bowie embracing his most obscure moment, the one moment most fans have almost no interest in. To me it sounds less like the classic form of nostalgia and almost more like a kind of personal attempt at reconciling with inner demons – almost an exorcism. That doesn’t mean i’m a big fan of the project – it’s actually surprising how many of the original takes are better, more loose then some of the stiffer versions in “Toy” – but i think it nakes the project valid for re-assessment as more then pure “nostalgia”.
What is it, then, if not nostalgia? I’m not sure, but i’ll sure keep thinking about it.
i’ll just say that you’re quite right about this difference and pls recognize that this entry isn’t over yet!
to be a bit more clear: the four Toy essays are going to be, in a way, one long one.
Can’t wait to read the rest of them!
In the first place, as much as I enjoyed the emphasis on older deeper cuts and new material on the 90’s tour setlists, by 2000, it was still really exciting hearing DB do Ziggy Stardust again at Glastonbury. Enough time had elapsed after the 80’s nadir that it didn’t seem like a betrayal. Plus, he and the band sounded great at that show. I also appreciated the touch of glam in the wardrobe after the sweatpants of the Hours shows…
I’ve been putting off giving the Toy tracks a thorough listen until we reached this point in the blog. What snippets I’ve heard haven’t been all that exciting, and on one listen, Hole In The Ground isn’t up to much either. Hearing about the project way back when, I always thought it sounded alright in theory. I find the song selection problematic, though. Most of the tracks chosen were either perfectly fine, in my opinion, and not crying out to be remade, (e.g. Silly Boy Blue, London Boys, Let Me Sleep Beside You, Conversation Piece and a few others), or they were so bad that I figured nothing much could be done with them (esp. You’ve Got A Habit Of Leaving). I felt he would have been better sticking with songs where there was room for improvement. Perhaps In The Heat Of The Morning and Karma Man fall into this category. The song I always felt could really benefit from a revision was We Are Hungry Men: imagine what a decent rock band could do with that chorus! Anyway, my task over the next little bit is to give these songs a good listen…
I agree: either pick a song to improve, or a song that would be interesting from a different perspective. Shadow Man is a success of the first kind, and Liza Jane of the latter, but most of the picks sound better in their original form. Here some possibilities that I would have liked to have been included.
Improvement:
Ching a Ling
How Lucky You Are
Maid of Bond Street
When I Live My Dream
Karma Man
Rupert the Riley
New Perspective:
Love You Til Tuesday
When I’m Five
The Gospel According to Tony Day
Tired of My Life
The Laughing Gnome (face your demon, David!)
Really, what fresh perspective could Bowie possibly give The Laughing Gnome? No matter how you cut it, at the end of the day it’s always going to sound like Pinky and Perky (or Alvin and the Chipmunks for American readers.)
I think it’s begging for a spikier rock redo, obviously still as silly as ever, but with more of an edge. As for the gnome voice, there are plenty of ways to change it up, including his creepier vari-speeded vox (e.g. Bewlay Brothers or See Emily Play), or even Gail Ann Dorsey giving it a try!
Also, I’d love to hear a “sad pierrot” version of TLG (Momus, do you take requests?)
Momus says:
It would be ig-gnome-mini-ous if I couldn’t knock that dwarf! I’ll get to work pixie soon.
Diamond Duke says:
I always thought that Sell Me A Coat would have been a wonderful choice for an update. He could even have used the vocal arrangements from the remixed Love You Till Tuesday version and had Dorsey sing the higher part…
s.t.,
I fully agree that When I Live My Dream would have been a good one to try and improve. And the way to do that would have been to have Mike Garson come in and add a big sweeping, romantic piano arrangement. Y’know, just to take it the whole nine yards! 😉
I suppose you could make it sound a bit more sinister, like say, Waltz In Black by The Stranglers. But the overall silliness of the lyric, complete with bad puns and all would still prevent it from having any edge.
I feel like I’m in a minority here when I say that I was disheartened when Bowie dropped the embargo on the ‘hits’. I always felt Bowie’s post-1989 catalogue and ‘relatively’ obscure tracks were strong enough to provide a fresh and great set-list.
It was disappointing that he seemed to be resting on his laurels again. Then again, it only really applied to the Outside tour even the Earthling gigs had a few of the classics.
At least the decision was his and he didn’t feel obliged to start playing them again, although I do wonder if the underwhelming response to ‘Hours…’ made him think he would have to something to renew his appeal.
I completely agree with you, although I must say it was fun to hear some of his greatest hits again for the 2000 dates. I was dissapointed that they remained in the set for both the Heathen and Reality tours.
I went to both Heathen and Reality shows and both times the setlist and the way the songs were performed were almost identical.
I’m getting ahead here (apologies) but when I saw the Reality tour I was really impressed by the setlist mix – the Heathen/Reality material was given a lot of weight and I felt it held up incredibly well against the older stuff.
Even allowing for a little self-justifying spin, Bowie seemed to take a similar line – “Now, however, I can take anything from the past and put it alongside what I’m currently doing, and I feel, ‘Hey, this is a really good chronological show. It dips into every period and I feel that everything is as strong as the one that it’s played against.” (http://www.soundonsound.com/sos/oct03/articles/reality.htm)
On a personal level, the Reality tour was my first opportunity to see Bowie live (I live in Australia), so I couldn’t say I strenuously objected to Life On Mars? and Heroes getting an airing.
Just popped in to say Bowie’s Moss Brits speech has gone down amazingly.
I thought the stuff about Scottish independence was very odd. I’m not sure what the motivation for weighing in was at all.
Absolutely. I don’t want to choose between being a Bowie fan and being a pro-independence Scot, so I’m going to assume (since Bowie will certainly not be elaborating) that the “us” in “stay with us” refers to bisexual pantomime genies and extraterrestrial dukes. We Scots will always stay true to those things, in our fashion!
Maybe he threw it out there just in case…’cause he can never really tell when somebody wants something he wants too.
We had a referendum here in Australia a few years back on whether we wanted to become a Republic. I voted against it, even though I despise the royal family with a passion, because, as an English person, I didn’t want the Aussies to turn their back on their roots.
Honestly, I rarely take anything he says too seriously so I’m just laughing at the fact Bowie’s controversial again. Haha.
And myself, I don’t know how I feel about it. Love love love Scotland but it’s been part of Britain my whole life (plus the flag will no longer be as spectacular as it is – I think that’s my biggest problem, really), so I’d want everything to stay the way it was, but since I live in the middle of Europe I’m staying away from the whole issue. Not my place. (Dave lives even further away so he prolly should do the same…but as I say, I didn’t take him too seriously here.)
in re: Bowie’s statement, I’ll just say that he’s approaching 70 years old and is an expatriate with perhaps rosy and not-quite-contemporary views of his old country. If my Cork-born grandfather had a chance to make a public statement at age 65, he may have said something about a unified Ireland that would’ve irritated countless scores of people.
or he may’ve just been like, ‘hey there’s not enough outrage on the Internet this week—let’s have a go’
Maj, if you don’t mind a personal and “speak as a representative of your own country” question, is there any regret about the split of Czechoslovakia? Or is the consensus that it was a good (or necessary) thing?
If Bowie’s political statements can be discounted because he is approaching 70 and his views are not-quite-contemporary, can we discount “The Next Day” on similar grounds?
I’m not “discounting” his views, I’m giving one possible context of them.
I would discount Bowie’s political views because he has always demonstrated a marginal grasp on politics with the Victoria Station salute being the most egregious example. However, I would not compare him to an out-of-touch grandpa since it sounds like ageism.
the Victoria Station salute he didn’t actually do? that one?
OK, let’s call it an ambiguous wave that may have been misinterpreted. Instead we can focus on some other Bowie quotes and activities around that time. How do you explain the following?:
http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/cover-story-excerpt-david-bowie-20120118
‘He became intrigued by Third Reich history and Nazi mythology. He had said years earlier in an interview, “I believe very strongly in fascism.” In 1974 he told Playboy, “Adolf Hitler was one of the first rock stars. Look at some of the films and see how he moved. I think he was quite as good as Jagger.” In Strange Fascination, Buckley reports that customs officers detained Bowie at the Russian-Polish border in April 1976, and seized a collection of Nazi memorabilia.’
did you ever read my “Station to Station” entry? it’s like 3000 wds & goes a touch into this subject
I just read it now. It’s a very good piece. However, it doesn’t change a thing. Station to Station is a great album and comments praising fascism or Hitler are dumb. There isn’t a paradox here. Bowie’s area of expertise is rock. Politics isn’t his field. When politicians venture into music, the results are similarly disastrous.
Circling back to the original point, if you are going to critique his comments on Scotland, I suggest doing it on the basis of his dubious political track record, not his age.
In response to Mike F., I would agree with Chris that one’s age can be a useful way to contextualize one’s political views – the greater likelihood of seniors voting Republican in the US, for example.
I also wouldn’t dignify DB’s coke-inspired ravings about Hitler in the mid-70’s by characterizing them as representative of a coherent political “viewpoint”. I confess I don’t see a link between them and DB’s current views on Scottish independence at all.
Reluctant though I am to stir this up again, I think it’s worth saying that asking Scotland to “stay with us” is not a fringe political stance. I hope Momus will agree when I say there are pro and con arguments with regard to Scottish independence.
From a selfish point of view as an Irish person in Dublin, I am a little worried about the wider consequences of Scottish independence on the UK and Ireland, and particularly on Ireland, where it would almost certainly throw the cat among the pigeons in the North.
Maybe this is part of DB’s thinking too. Fear of the wider consequences of independence.
I do understand the emotional tug towards independence though. I’m certainly glad Ireland is independent now rather than part of the UK.
Chris, there goes my essay. 😉
Historically you have to understand that the union of Czecholosvakia was only done out of necessity. Slovakia used to be part of Hungary, not autonomous, and it was only after the Austro-Hungarian Empire dissolved at the end of WW1, that the Slovaks could see any chance of being more or less independent. On their own Hungary would probably invade them, so an alliance with the Czechs was pretty much their best option. (Apparently most of the activities of Czechoslovakian intelligence was related to the Hungarian threat up until like 1937, they gravely underestimated Germany also bc. the Hungarians had kept them busy.) To put it harshly, the Czech lands (Bohemia, Moravia) were much more developed than Slovakia (and I guess Silezia, part of which belongs to CZ, and a larger part to Poland). So Czechs offered Slovaks protection, education etc, and I think in hindsight Slovaks are grateful for it…but later in the 90’s it was time to move on.
Apart from our languages being similar and spending most of the 20th century together, as nations we don’t really have that much in common (I think the Slovaks have much closer to the Poles re: religion etc.). I think that on one hand Slovaks are happy they have their own country, on the other hand they do still have problems with the Hungarian minority etc etc. Then there are quite a lot of Slovaks that live and work here, some speaking their own language, some speaking Czech…don’t think it works that well the other way round…basically we’re still kind of viewed as the civilised country…(personally think that view is a wee bit outdated). But the Slovak language and culture still kind of lives with us here.
As for us Czechs, I think we’re probably sadder about the split, “we lost” the Tatras and those jolly neighbours. Well, we still have those jolly neighbours but they put a stone wall between our gardens so we can’t see that well what’s going on on theirs. Since Prague was always the capital, it’s now a capital of a smaller country. But for someone living here (in Prg.) it doesn’t make that much difference (you’d have to ask someone living in east Moravia).
I know that the older generation, like my parents, and their Slovak friends are very nostalgic about Czechoslovakia and the split but I don’t think there are any really strong feelings about it in general. Not any more, at least. And my generation, and younger, well it’s history for us. I was 6 when it happened, so separate Czech and Slovak republics has been the accepted reality for us.
So, basically, the split had its pros and cones for both parties but all in all I think it worked out all right.
Not sure if that answers your question, but there you go.
Regards the actual politics (and I’ll be careful here) I’m, personally, English and Pro-Scottish Independence. It will mean everything, in the sense that it will pose a question as to the meaning of democracy in Britain, if there are 500+ English MPs but only twenty or so each from NI and Wales, but it would also not change much, in the sense that the constituent parts of the UK are highly integrated. If there’s any historical comparison it’s probably going to be like the secession of Norway from Sweden.
But the Bowie thing was either him being playful (‘what’s the easiest way for me to flamebait popular consciousness’) or it’s very odd. No one but no one is going to be swayed by this, though a few might be annoyed.
SoooTrypticon says:
A great entry. I’ve been looking forward to this bit for some time, and you did not disappoint. Thank you!
As far as the song goes, I think he must have revisited it while working on “Never Get Old.” There are quite a few similar bits.
Also, something to note. The leaked version of “London Boys,” when compared to the two snippets that came officially from Bowienet, hint that perhaps the leaked album is still in a formative stage. The official “London Boys” clips are almost a completely different version of the song with strings by TV.
It makes me wonder, is the leaked album mostly rough mixes… and demos?
I suspect “Lisa Jane” is a work in progress. The repeated lyric is too simple- what happened to the rest of the song?
So perhaps the “Hole In The Ground” that we know, is still not the final version we may some day get.
there’s a consensus that the leaked “Toy” is not the final mix (suggesting the leak didn’t come from DB, as some have speculated!)
btw I have a theory who the leaker was, which i might hint at in a later entry
Good to know. Again I must thank you for this blog. Something to look forward to every week. I’ll be buying several copies of the published book for friends, (fingers crossed), as holiday gifts this year.
What’s your opinion on how far these songs are from completion? I too have read the chapter in “Greatest Music Never Sold,” and have a few ideas as to why this album never got a proper release. The two versions of “London Boys” may be very telling in that case.
“Zig Zag” by Earl Slick is a very enjoyable album. My wife picked it up and I loved it at first spin. His tone is very sweet and the variety of singers [Bowie, Robert Smith, Martha Davis] makes it a varied and enjoyable program. You may buy it for the Bowie cut, but it’s his guitar that keeps me coming back to enjoy it. Oh yeah, Joe Elliott of Def Leppard also sings on a track, but I think he’s contractually required to guest on Bowie Guitarist solo albums.
haven’t listened to that album for ages but yeah, it’s quite enjoyable. I bought it back then for Isn’t It Evening but I think I ended up having other favourites on it. I shall dig it out one of these days.
Finally got around to reading this & glad I did. Great entry, Chris!
I personally have nothing against artists entering their classicist periods. I understand why some might have a problem with it in relation to Bowie but honestly I feel it’s only a natural development, and even though many of us consider dear David a homo superior, he still is just a very interesting, creative and talented guy, buts till only a human. It was bound to happen sooner or later and in his case it came with the new millenium.
My personal journeys with certain artists started around the time when they entered the no-longer-chasing-charts/trying-to-predict-the-future stages of their lives and so I have quite good relationship with these later stages of their output. For instance McCartney, Elton, and indeed Bowie have all released consistent, good albums in the past 15 years or so (Macca naturally entered his classicist period sooner), of course people could argue with me on that, but I think the fact they still make listenable music at all should be applauded.
Bowie looking back is indeed kind of a hilarious thing though. I’ve always been amused by the Toy project, and until the late 90’s entries on this blog I hadn’t even realised how much and how consistently Bowie kept looking to his dear youth at that point – it makes more sense to me now, but it’s still a wee bit funny. But hey, age happens to everyone. I see it in my 4 years-younger-than-Bowie parents. They used to be normal people talking about normal things, but they’ve gradually became reminiscing machines. And as I said, Bowie is just a guy, after all. He only does his reminiscing with a bit more creativity and tongue-in cheek.
Blah blah…the song. The song is nice. I can never remember it though. I’ve listened to it quite a few times since acquiring Toy a few years ago and it just doesn’t stick in my memory. I don’t know what I can say about it. I do like the sound of this post-Gabrels band (Bowie’s live recordings from 2000 are among my favourites), so I guess that has a positive influence on the song for me. The band. And that’s about it. Cute. Nice.
…”reminiscing machines.” I like that. I find it happening quite a bit even in my thirties, so I can only imagine what I’ll be like in my sixties. Bowie had his moments of looking back even at my age, with Lodger (and arguably earlier with Hunky Dory).
Another man accepting his age around this time was David Byrne. I see Look Into the Eyeball and Grown Backwards as somewhat akin to Bowie’s Heathen and Reality. Both sets seem resigned, yet graceful.
I love Look Into The Eyeball! Some of the performances of The Great Intoxication out there are incredible. I haven’t looked at it for years but I played this clip again and again when I was sitting alone in my room at 16: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=47WgnWIR9Mg
I’ve only seen him once, on the Songs of DB/Brian Eno tour, the soul-pop reworkings of Bush of Ghosts tracks were stunning. I was neck high in exams when he was touring with St Vincent but I was gutted to miss that.
I feel indebted to David Byrne on a really, intimately personal level 0 for Stop Making Sense alone. I can say with absolute conviction that I wouldn’t be who I am today without that album – I can’t say that about any other piece of music, or films or books for that matter. I grew up in a household that really had no interest in music – the only CDs I any of us owned were by a couple Christian rock bands, in addition to my brother’s two singles (It Wasn’t Me by Shaggy and Clint Eastwood by Gorillaz, if you’re interested).
Worst of all, my mother had this orange cassette tape – our only tape – of covers of novelty hits (That’s Amore, The St Winifred’s School Choir) that was always played on long journeys in the car and had conditioned me – Clockwork Orange-style – into thinking all music was bad. I can’t even communicate the feelings I associate with that particular collection of songs.
I was really into movies, and saw Stop Making Sense when the DVD was given away in with copies of the Observer. It’s captivating from the first track, and by Burning Down The House I was hooked. I had no idea – no idea at all – that music could ever be that good. I wouldn’t be sat reading this blog without it.
– It’s weirdly appropriate that I’ve ended up using this thread to reminisce – twice – even if I am only going back about six and a half years. Apologies all…
Funny, sounds like my experience wasn’t too different from yours. I was born at the zenith of the Moral Majority in the US, and I grew up with only a handful of LPs that my parents had. The ones that weren’t Christian contemporary schmaltz were Mary Poppins, The Clancy Brothers and (of course) Bob Dylan’s “Saved.” Byrne and Bowie weren’t my firsts, but they were both extremely important as heroes and role models of a sort. Bowie taught me that subversion doesn’t have to be lunkheaded shock tactics, and Byrne helped me own my nerdier inclinations. I got to talk to David Byrne within the context of a book signing (The New Sins), and it was…awkward. But appropriately so.
I love Grown Backwards but haven’t listened to it in ages. Oh man, now you’ve made me all nostalgic. Oh the irony!
Being born in the 2nd half of the 80’s or early 90’s I think naturally results in having discovered many “living legend” artists at their classicist periods. I don’t know, but I just don’t view the work of at least half of these guys’ (and gals’) as no longer inventive and creative. Just, as you said, s. t., accepting their age. I think one’s approach to life and work naturally has to change with time and age.
I could go on and on about this but I won’t. 🙂
Ramzi says:
I get the whole frustration with the so called ‘classicist period’ when looking at Hours and Toy, but the albums after – especially Heathen and TND – are legitimately great albums in the Bowie cannon, and I don’t think they should be diminished by putting them under a ‘classicist period’.
Bruised Passivity says:
I’m really late to the party this time, I’ve been on the road the last couple weeks and despite having been able to read the recent posts, I’ve been engaging with unstable wifi connections so I couldn’t get out any comments in until now. The connection at this airport seems stable enough so I’m going to have ago at getting my thoughts in.
Firstly, I’m very excited to be into Toy discussion because all I knew about this song collection was that it was an unfinished project that was never officially released and that much of it was Bowie revisiting his oldest material. You know, the obvious stuff. So knowing that Chris was going to be writing about this period had me anticipating some fascinating new incites into this rather shadowy (no pun intended) period and I’ve not been disappointed. (Gushing) I’m always so impressed by the level of preparation that goes into every entry on this blog but the intel you’ve managed to gather about the Toy project is fantastic.
The fact that David came back around to his earliest works at this time isn’t surprising. With the arrival of the new millennium and his daughter it only makes sense that he’d find himself re-examining his roots. Plus, while on a semi hiatus from his musical career in order to be a family man, what better project to keep the band connected and his musical juices flowing. For me, I’m glad it was never a fully realised official album because it’s much more fun as a half finished experimental project. And, personally, the fact that it opened the door for Heathen’s creation makes it a particularly important project.
As for Hole in the Ground, it was for me a forgettable piece until a couple days ago when, having re-listened to it for the blog, it got stuck in my head and has now been an ear worm for about 48 hours. I don’t know if that means I actually like it or if my brain was just needing a new dose of Bowie to chew on? LOL
I apologise for the babbling, I think I’ve been writing on here in order to simply kill time until my flight boards.
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The Braun Brothers Reunion Festival
Bringing Americana Music to the Rockies
Pat Hill | Friday Jul. 1st, 2016
For a dedicated Americana music fan residing in the Northern Rocky Mountains, there’s probably no better gathering than the Braun Brothers Reunion held every August in Challis, Idaho, 290 miles SW of Bozeman.
The Braun Brothers Reunion began in Stanley, Idaho, in 1979, as a record release party. But the event became an annual gathering, and began to outgrow venue after venue in this small town nestled in the Sawtooth Mountain Range along the Middle Fork of the Salmon River. It also grew from a one-day affair into a multi-day music festival featuring not only the Braun family, but other artists in the Red Dirt/Americana music scene. By 2003, the festival outgrew Stanley itself, and the venue was moved downriver to Challis. A flatbed truck initially served as the stage there, and the Braun Family actually built the stage (now known as the community stage) in Challis specifically for the festival.
“The town has been really really receptive to the event,” Muzzie Braun said in a May interview. “It’s good for the economy. We could probably have a lot bigger festival in a bigger town--there’s only about 80 motel rooms in Challis--but we do it [here in Idaho] because it’s where the boys grew up.” The boys are Muzzie’s sons, Willy and Cody of Reckless Kelly, and Micky and Gary of Micky and the Motorcars.
“I grew up in a musical family,” said Muzzie. “My father was a professional musician. Me and my two brothers have been playing music together since we were in high school. The thing just continued, and now my sons are successful in the music business, and they will eventually be taking the festival over. It just turned out to be great. This is going to be our 13th year in Challis.” He said he’s proud of what the event has become.
“It’s like anything...you don’t know what you’re doing until you’re about done with it,” Muzzie said. “We’ve been doing it for a long time now, and it’s been great to see it progress and become a pretty neat little festival. It hasn’t outgrown itself, and it’s kept itself viable by the integrity of the music and the way we run the festival. It’s not commercialized--it’s not an arts and crafts fair. It’s all about the music. The people that come and play--a lot of them are return artists. We spend quite a bit of time trying to make sure that we get the lineup we want. All the acts are really good. We don’t use a lot of “filler bands.” Everybody could headline if they wanted to.”
This year’s Braun Brothers Reunion again showcases some of the best Americana bands touring today. The festival begins on Thursday, Aug. 11, and winds down Saturday night, leaving participants Sunday to pack up and head out in a leisurely manner. The gates open at 4 pm on Thursday, and the music kicks off at five. Sunny Sweeney (Longview, TX), William Clark Green (Lubbock, TX), Jason Boland and the Stragglers (Stillwater, OK), Alejandro Escovedo (Austin, TX), and Micky and the Motorcars (Austin, TX). On Friday, American Aquarium (Raleigh, NC), Corb Lund (Alberta, Canada), Hayes Carll (Austin, TX), Cody Canada and the Departed (New Braunfels, TX), and the Turnpike Troubadours (Tulsa, OK) make the Challis stage their own. Saturday features Jeff Crosby and the Refugees (Donnelly, ID), the Braun Family (Idaho), Cody Johnson (Huntsville, TX), Jonathan Tyler (Los Angeles, CA), Paul Thorn (Tupelo, MS), and Reckless Kelly (Austin, TX).
“There are a few artists this year that I’m really excited to have,” said Muzzie. “Alejandro Escovedo and Paul Thorn. Corb Lund and Hayes Carll are playing on the same night back-to-back--that oughta be something. The Turnpike Troubadours are exploding [on the Red Dirt scene]. I can’t wait to see Cody Johnson as well, and Jonathan Tyler also really rocks. We’ve got some groups coming back we haven’t had for a while, like Jason Boland, and Cody Canada has been with us every year for over ten.”
“There’s some really good music down here [in Austin], and some really great artists playing it,” said Muzzie’s son Willy Braun of Reckless Kelly, discussing the popularity of the Americana/Red Dirt music scene. “The fans identify with the singer-songerwriter thing. It’s kind of a Texas tradition. Good songs and good artists performing them--that kind of scene kind of takes care of itself. It’s starting to branch out, though. It’s a tight-knit scene but we’re starting to get out of Texas more. The word travels pretty fast.” And getting out of Texas during the hot summer months brings a lot of red dirt to the northwest.
“We started doing that 20 years ago,” said Willy. “I think the Braun Brothers Reunion has also kind of opened the door for the Northwest Passage. More Texas bands are coming here, and we want to get back to touring up here more as well. We haven’t hit Montana as much as we’d like the last few years, and we want to change that.” Reckless Kelly will be playing in Bozeman the week after the Braun Brothers Reunion, on Aug. 18 at the Emerson Center.
For more information on the Braun Brothers Reunion, including ticket purchases and camping information, go to braunbrothersreunion.com.
“Come early and stay late,” said Muzzie. “Enjoy the hospitality of the state, the scenery, and the mountains. We hope the Braun Brothers Reunion will continue for a long time to come. It makes you feel good to know that you are giving back a little to the community when bringing these bands to Challis.”
Pat Hill
Pat Hill is a freelance writer in Bozeman. A native Montanan and former advisor to Montana State University’s Exponent newspaper, Pat has been writing about the history and politics of the Treasure State for nearly three decades.
View more of Pat Hill's work »
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Radio Theater!
Radio Classics!
It's the Professor!
Murder!
Eleanor R
8th Day
Delores Dogan
Soldier Come Home
Listen & Watch!
Learn!
Background: The Kane Shadow: The "Gas" Derler Murder Mystery
The Kane Shadow: Murder is a Circus
And on the Eighth Day
Japanese-Americans at Lake Lawn
In The News TEST
Some pictures!
Recommendations!
Brown-Ullstrup Performing Arts Foundation
Background: "The Kane Shadow: Murder is a Circus"
Below is the research that we conducted in our writing of the "The Kane Shadow: Murder is a Circus". Delavan is chock-full of interesting history and stories. Scroll through to find out about...
Who founded Delavan and why
How important the circuses were to Delavan
The tragic story of the famous elephants, Romeo and Juliet
The Walldogs
Some pictures of Delavan and Old Settler's Cemetery.
From the Delavan Wisconsin Historical Society
Delavan sits in the middle of what was at one time an inland sea. During the Ice Age, many glaciers, the last of which was known as the Michigan tongue, covered this area. The Michigan tongue descended down what is now known as Lake Michigan. A large section of this glacier broke off, pushing southwest into the area now known as Walworth County. Geologists have called this section of the glacier “the Delavan lobe”.
The first humans known to inhabit the Delavan area were Native Americans around the era of 1000BC. Later, between 500-1000 AD, Mound Builders lived in what is now the Delavan Lake area. Mound Builders were of the Woodland culture. The effigy mounds they erected along the shores of Delavan Lake numbered well over 200, according to an archeological survey done in the late 1800’s by Beloit College. Many were along the north shore of the lake where Lake Lawn Resort now stands. The Potawotomi Indians also settled around the lake in the late 18th century, although there were only an estimated 240 in the county. Some of their burial mounds are preserved in what is now Assembly Park.
From the mid 17th century through the mid 18th century, this area was known as “New France” and was under the French flag. It came under British rule and a part of the Province of Quebec following the French-Indian War. In accordance with the Treaty of 1783 it was turned over to the United States and a part of the newly established Northwest Territory.
Between the years of 1800 and 1836 the Delavan area was part of the Indiana Territory, followed by the Illinois Territory, finally becoming part of the Wisconsin Territory in 1836. Statehood was granted in 1848.
Delavan’s first white settlers arrived in 1836, finding the area to be dense forests with prairies on both the east and west sides with plenty of game available for hunting.
Lakes and streams surrounded the area. The first known settler in the Delavan area was a man from the Rockford, Illinois area named Allen Perkins. Arriving in the spring of that year, he built a log cabin for his family at the base of the hill along what is now Walworth Ave.
That same summer, two brothers from New York arrived in Chicago with the intention of starting a temperance colony. Samuel and Henry Phoenix were hoping to form a settlement “pledged to temperance, sobriety and religion; and where should a poor, despised colored man chance to set his foot, he might do it in safety” according to the writings in Samuel’s journal. They traveled north of Chicago in search of the most desirable spot to settle. After traveling around this area and finding nothing to their liking, Henry returned to New York and Samuel continued the search. Samuel discovered what is now the Delavan area after spending a night in an abandoned Potawotomi wigwam. He later met Perkins and Perkins two brothers-in-law as they were traveling the same route to Spring Prairie to get provisions. They all returned to Delavan the next day. Samuel Phoenix stayed with the Perkins family until his provisions arrived from Racine.
Phoenix was a successful businessman in New York and staked many claims in the Delavan settlement. It wasn’t long before he and the Perkins family were at odds over the naming of the colony. The Perkins had filed for the settlement to be named “Wilksbarre”, but the postmaster who received the request and was to have forwarded it to Washington for approval was a friend of Phoenix and returned it instead.
Phoenix was joined in Delavan by relatives and they soon outnumbered the Perkins clan. Phoenix then filed the name of Delavan with the Belmont Legislature. Born in 1793, E. C. Delavan, whose surname the city now bears, was a temperance leader in New York State. He never saw the town that carries his name. He died in 1871. Phoenix also filed the name of Walworth County, taking the name from Chancellor Rueben Walworth, past president of the New York Temperance League.
Perkins eventually moved from Delavan and Phoenix then took over his claims. Before long, Phoenix held claims on most of the area. The settlement was touted as a great temperance colony to those in New England and many came west to settle here. Most new settlers were successful farmers, good businessmen and financially secure. The majority of them traveled here via steamers on the Great Lakes and came west from their landing in Racine by wagon. Most stayed with Phoenix until their own cabins were built. He had also established the first general store in town. Land sold for $1.35 an acre and was primarily used for agriculture. Wheat crops were the most predominate and brought a good cash flow to the farmers.
The Baptist church, organized in 1839 was the first church in the newly formed town. From this church grew the first anti-slavery and temperance societies in Wisconsin. The belief in temperance was so strong that it was included in all deeds that no alcohol could be bought or consumed on the premises. This unconstitutional inclusion was outlawed in 1845.
Samuel and Henry Phoenix completed construction of the town’s first gristmill in 1839, at the current Mill Pond site. It could grind 100 barrels of wheat per day and was the main business in Delavan for the remainder of that century. The owners had rights to build a dam and control the water levels and the power used at the mill.
Most of the settlers were from New England and were not tolerant of the Europeans that tried to settle in the area. Many travelers were turned away from the inn, operated by Israel Stowell. Now the oldest building in Delavan, it still stands at the SW corner of Walworth Ave. and Main St.
The Phoenix brothers died within two years of each other. Samuel in 1840 from tuberculosis and Henry in 1842. Both are buried in Old Settler’s Cemetery, located in the 300 block of McDowell Street. About 6 months after Henry’s death, the first town meeting was held at Israel Stowell’s. William Bartlett, a half brother of Samuel and Henry was elected chairman. It is said that he did not possess their leadership qualities.
1845 brought the end of temperance in Delavan. In 1847, Edmund and Jeremiah Mabie, proprietors of the U.S. Olympic Circus – then the largest traveling show in America – chose Delavan for their winter quarters, a year before Wisconsin attained statehood and 24 years before the Ringling Brothers raised their first tents in Baraboo, Wisconsin.
The Mabie brothers chose Delavan due to its ability to support the circus horses and other animals. These animals were the most important assets to the 19th century circus, both for transportation and performance. Delavan’s abundant pastures and pure water provided everything the Mabies required. The Mabie Circus stayed at the present site of Lake Lawn Resort on Delavan Lake, where it created a circus dynasty that survived in Wisconsin for the next 100 years.
As time passed, the circuses grew in strength and numbers; hundreds of clowns and circus performers from over 26 circuses set up their winter quarters in Delavan from 1847 to 1894. The P.T. Barnum Circus, “The Greatest Show On Earth,” was founded in Delavan in 1871.
But, as times changed so too did the circus era in Delavan. It came to an end in 1894 when the E.G. Holland Railroad Circus folded its tents. Except for a handful of local performers, who continued the tradition, the circus vanished from the community. Within a generation, the familiar ring barns and circus landmarks were gone. On May 2, 1966, the U.S. Postal Service selected Delavan to issue the five-cent American Circus Commemorative Postage Stamp. Today, more than 150 members of the old Circus Colony are buried in Spring Grove and St. Andrew’s cemeteries.
The Mabie brothers took over where the Phoenix brothers had left off. They were financially well off and soon owned over 1,000 acres in the township. The purchased the Phoenix brothers gristmill, orchestrated the original plank road that was laid from Racine to Delavan and saw to the completion of the Racine-Mississippi railroad to this point in 1856. Edmund served a term as village president and they were both extremely fundamental in the development of Delavan during the pre-Civil War era.
In the late 1840s, many new immigrants came to Delavan, but were not welcomed by the Baptist element already established here. Many of the new arrivals were Irish and Catholic and settled in the Darien area. In 1856, many more Irish laborers arrived with the construction of the railroad and settled here.
The Wisconsin School for the Deaf was founded on April 19, 1852. It is situated high on a hill, overlooking Delavan, on land donated to the state for it’s sole use by Franklin Phoenix. Phoenix was a friend and neighbor to the Ebenezer Chesebro family whose daughter Ariadna was deaf. Chesebro had employed Wealthy Hawes to teach his daughter in 1850. Hawes himself was hard of hearing and had attended the New York Institute for the Deaf and Dumb. As Delavan’s population grew, so did the increase in the deaf population. By 1852 Hawes successor, John A. Mills was teaching eight area children and the need for state assistance became apparent. The Chesebros, along with some help from friends and neighbors petitioned the state for a school, the land was donated and the school was opened.
In 1861 the first manufacturing plant was built in Delavan. Founded by Trumball D. Thomas, it manufactured windmills and wooden pumps. It employed 35 men. Over the years it grew and evolved and included a foundry and machine shop.
64 Delavanites perished in the Civil War, more than all other wars combined. Following the Civil War, many manufacturers built in Delavan, including the Logan cheese factory, the VanVelzer cigar factory, the Jackson tack factory and the N. W. Hoag grain elevator.
Development at Delavan Lake didn’t begin until the first permanent residence was built by Dr. Fredrick L. VonSuessmilch in 1875 along the north shore. Mamie Mabie opened a small hotel at Lake Lawn three years later. A steamboat launch was built at that location also. The next 20 years saw a building boom of private houses, hotels and resorts. Most of the residents were summer retreats for Chicagoans who came up on the train, which at that time stopped here 6 times a day during the summer months. Livery buses took people from the train station in town to the resorts around the lake.
Many changes came to Delavan in the last decade of the 19th century. Fires devastated the business district in both 1892 and 1893. A new school was built in 1894. Electricity was first brought to town in 1896. Delavan became a city in 1897.
During the early 1900s, Delavan became a recognized art center. The Chicago Art Institute held summer classes here for 15 years. Famous artists that had studios here include William T. Thorne, Adolph and Ada Schulz, Frank Dudley and Frank Phoenix.
The Bradley Knitting Company was established in 1904. The first major manufacturer in town, it employed up to 1,200 people over the next 30 years. Delavan saw a rapid growth in building after Bradley opened. The average new home during that period cost $1,800.
The first paved street in Delavan was Walworth Avenue between Terrace and Fourth streets in 1913. Bricks were laid at a cost of $1.79 per square yard. Sidewalks soon replaced the boards that had previously been used to walk on. In 1915, a 3 block boulevard was built between Fourth and Seventh streets on Walworth Ave. The brick streets still remain, although they were redone in the late 1990s. The boulevards still remain an attractive sight on the main street through town.
During this same time period, Aram Public Library, the Delavan Post Office and streetlights were added to the downtown area. Horse and buggies gave way to automobiles and plumbing went from outdoors to indoors. Dairy farming took over as the leading agricultural income and milk was transported to Chicago by train.
Delavan lost 16 servicemen during World War I. Influenza during that same time claimed the lives of many at home.
Delavan’s strong economy helped to see it through the Great Depression, keeping it a bit less devastating than it was for many areas of the country. The resorts and ballrooms around the lake were instrumental in keeping the economy alive. Slot machines were abundant in the ballrooms and were known to have caused a few gang warfare incidents.
As the Depression wore on, Bradley Knitting Company fell into hard times. A Chicagoan by the name of George W. Borg came in and loaned the business some capital. He also opened a small manufacturing plant that made clocks for automobiles. Borg was also largely responsible for the development of the automobile clutch. Around this same time, William C. Heath developed Sta-Rite Products that manufactured water systems. Heath later designed landing gears for B-17 and B-29 bombers and also developed a high-speed submersible pump that was used in the capture of a German submarine. In 1940, Thomas B. Gibbs started a factory that manufactured timing and electrical devices. During World War II, Borg and Gibbs completed over 30 contracts for the U.S. government. Because of the number of government contracts, Delavan was listed as one of the top ten prime targets for enemy sabotage.
Delavan was immediately affected by the bombing of Pearl Harbor when Walter Boviall, a DHS graduate, went down with the Arizona. Twenty-three Delavan servicemen lost their lives in this war. Government contracts kept Delavan’s economy healthy during this time.
The late 1940’s and early 1950’s brought a building and baby boom to Delavan once again. The Korean War took the lives of three Delavanites. Progress brought a new water tower, which is still in use in Tower Park. Borg Industries and Ajay Industries joined the industrial firms of Delavan. The Mill Pond was dredged during this time and began to be used for swimming in the summer and ice-skating in the winter. It still serves the purpose today. The new Delavan-Darien High School was built and the first senior class to graduate from it was the class of 1958.
The 1960s brought the assassination of President Kennedy, who had stopped in Delavan during his presidential campaign. George Borg, son of George W. Borg was elected to the State Senate. A D-DHS graduate, Gary Burghoff launched his acting career in the role of Radar O’Reilly in the movie “M*A*S*H” followed by the TV Series. The Viet Nam War took the lives of six area servicemen. Local attorney, Ernst John Watts became Walworth County Circuit Judge. Delavan was chosen as the First Day Cover city for the issuance of a five-cent commemorative American Circus postage stamp. The Lange Memorial Arboretum was opened and a large section of the north shore of Lake Comus was donated to the city by Ben Dibble for use as a wildlife and botanical refuge.
The seventies through the nineties brought more growth both in industry and residential aspects. Joining the businesses in Delavan were Swiss Tech and Andes Candies. Highway 15 was expanded to a four lane interstate highway and became I-43, running from Beloit to Milwaukee. Delavan’s first female mayor was elected in 1976. Beth Supernaw had previously served on the common council, representing the second ward. Fires devastated the city during this decade. In 1978-79, The Colonial Hotel, the American Legion and the Ajay South Second Street buildings were all destroyed by fires.
Since then, Delavan has become the home of Waukesha Cherry-Burrell, Stock Lumber, Bergamot Brass and other industrial companies. Ajay closed is doors in the 1990s. Geneva Lakes Kennel Club brought Greyhound racing to the lakes area. Two shopping centers built in the late 1980s on the east side of town added many shopping alternatives to area residents. A few additional have been built along Hwy. 50 since then.
From http://www.assemblypark.com/
HISTORY OF ASSEMBLY PARK
-☛ 1840's - The Mabies purchased Assembly Park in 1847 & later their heirs sold to the Delavan Lake Assembly Association.
-☛ 1890's - Delavan Lake Assembly Association in 1898. was formed by a group of Delavan business men.
-☛ 1900's - Delavan Lake Assembly Association in 1898. was formed, after the land was purchased from the Mabie heirs.
-☛ 1910's - Assembly Park was noted for its annual Chautauqua type programs featuring nationally known lectures
-☛ 1920's - Assembly Park's first fire house 1920's
-☛ 1930's - 8 cottages burned down, new new park benches, a new concrete boat ramp, new concrete curbs were all added.
-☛ 1940's - The first Arbor Day was held, "My Brother's Place" was opened.
-☛ 1950's - Gail Reece, the caretaker at the park, the Children's Thursday Night Dances started.
-☛ 1960's - Seventy Ladies from Assembly Park, traveled to the Playboy Club, as part of the Arbor Day celebration.
-☛ 1970's - Construction of the Delavan Lake Sanitary District began as well as the construction of Route 15 , now Router 43.
-☛ 1980's - The lake Level was dropped to save the lake. Rob Mohr was hired as Caretaker of the Park.
-☛ 1990's - 100 years anniversary, water system was turned off, new playground equipment and new park benches were installed.
-☛ 2000's - Assembly Park.com was created, the beach Wall was painted.
-☛ 2010's - The new roads were approved and installed.
Below is a brief overview of the history of the Park along with links on more details for each period. For additional information please click on the year to the right.
Did you know....
- Many years ago when only a few people (not a cell phone but a land line) had a phone the caretaker, at the time, would take phone messages and deliver them to the cottage, day and night.
- On the 4th of July people in the park would purchase fireworks which would be lunched at the end of the beach pier, this was in the day Fireworks were not illegal, in the park, as they are today.
- On the 4th people would bring there lawn chairs and blankets to the park to watch the fireworks, this was also the one weekend which permitted "sleeping out" in the Big Park.
- According to the Articles of Incorporation of the Delavan Assembly, "the business and purpose of the organization shall be to maintain and conduct an annual educational assembly for the dissernination of knowledge and morality by means of lectures, sermons, music and other classes in accordance with the general plan and purpose of the Chautauqua Assembly movement."
Below is some early history of the area and some general historical photos from the Park over the years. Be sure to check out the various events that made up the history of Assembly Park (above).
The first humans known to inhabit the Delavan area were Native Americans around the era of 1000BC. Later, between 500-1000 AD, Mound Builders lived in what is now the Delavan Lake area. Mound Builders were of the Woodland culture. The effigy mounds they erected along the shores of Delavan
In 1978, the Great Lakes Archaeological Research Center determined that early Paleo-Indians occupied this area as early as 5000 B.C. This was followed by Archaic Indians, Woodland Indians and then mound builders.
Members of the Potawatomi tribe had a small encampment in the area for a short time, marked by a plaque that was dedicated July 12, 1925 by the Delavan Women's Club.
A 1909 survey counted six conical mounds, a 20-by-50-foot oval mound and one shaped like a dumbbell.
Three of the conical mounds remain, although they have been partially destroyed.
In the 1800s, the area was part of Samuel and Henry Phoenix's temperance colony.
The Indian mounds, there are at least 159 mounds, were built around Delavan Lake, by the Indians who are referred to today as Effigy Mounds Builders, probably before 1000 A.D. One was excavated and showed a construction in layers, cobblestone, gravel, fine white sand, blue clay, the bodies facing the lake, soil/clay mixture, then a fire apparently on top of baked clay. Archeologists who excavated and documented mounds in the area in 1911 increases the respect of the mounds. Early construction in the Park have destroyed many of the mounds. In 1925, the Delavan Women's Club, placed a marker near the mounds. In 1975 the maker was replaced by the current marker.
Lake numbered well over 200, according to an archeological survey done in the late 1800's by Beloit College. Many were along the north shore of the lake where Lake Lawn Resort now stands. The Potawotomi Indians also settled around the lake in the late 18th century, although there were only an estimated 240 in the county. Some of their burial mounds are preserved in what is now Assembly Park.
My Brothers Place - "The White Store" - or the little store, for many the first time their parents let them walk to the store and buy something on their very own. Picture above Vi Mulder was the last proprietor of the store.
A very large version of this sign was used to direct people to what is now known as Assembly Park.
For more than 70 years Delavan Lake area was widely known for its summer resorts and hotels, most of which contained ballrooms or dance pavilions. At one time there were probably more ballrooms per capita on Lake Delavan than any other location in American. No wonder why there is still a Thursday night dance.
A special thanks to Gerri Kernes, Kate Herron and Kathy Griffin for sharing the an article with the history of Assembly Park.
The Town of Delavan History - Between the years of 1800 and 1836 the Delavan area was part of the Indiana Territory, followed by the Illinois Territory, finally becoming part of the Wisconsin Territory in 1836. Statehood was granted in 1848. Delavan's first white settlers arrived in 1836, a man from the Rockford, Illinois area named Allen Perkins. Arriving in the spring of that year, he built a log cabin for his family at the base of the hill along what is now Walworth Ave.
That same summer, two brothers from New York arrived in Chicago with the intention of starting a temperance colony. Samuel and Henry Phoenix were hoping to form a settlement "pledged to temperance, sobriety and religion" according to the writings in Samuel's journal. They traveled north of Chicago in search of the most desirable spot to settle. After traveling around this area and finding nothing to their liking, Henry returned to New York and Samuel (his grandson J.J. Phonix, was the founder of Assembly Park, J.J. Phonix spoke at the second annual Arbor Day celebration, in 1941) continued the search. Samuel discovered what is now the Delavan area (Delavan was named after Edward C. Delavan, temperance leader in Albany, New York. more information) after spending a night in an abandoned Potawotomi wigwam. He later met Perkins and Perkins two brothers-in-law as they were traveling the same route to Spring Prairie to get provisions. They all returned to Delavan the next day. Samuel Phoenix stayed with the Perkins family until his provisions arrived from Racine.
Phoenix was a successful businessman in New York and staked many claims in the Delavan settlement. It wasn't long before he and the Perkins family were at odds over the naming of the colony. The Perkins had filed for the settlement to be named "Wilksbarre", but the postmaster who received the request and was to have forwarded it to Washington for approval was a friend of Phoenix and returned it instead.
Phoenix was joined in Delavan by relatives and they soon outnumbered the Perkins clan. Phoenix then filed the name of Delavan with the Belmont Legislature. Born in 1793, Edward C. Delavan, whose surname the city now bears, was a temperance leader in New York State. Edward C. Delavan, temperance leader in Albany, New York. He never saw the town that carries his name. He died in 1871. Phoenix also filed the name of Walworth County, taking the name from Chancellor Rueben Walworth, past president of the New York Temperance League.
The Town of Delavan History - Members of the Potawatomi tribe lived along the shores of Lake Delavan when a treaty was signed, in Chicago, on September 26, 1833, ceding these lands to the U.S. Government, following the Blackhawk war.
1847 - The Town of Delavan History - Between 1847 and 1894, Delavan was home to 26 circus companies. The Mabie Brothers U.S. Olympic Circus, then the largest in America, arrived in 1847, to become the first circus to quarter in the territory of Wisconsin. Its famous rogue elephant, "Romeo", stood 19½ feet high, and weighed 10,500 pounds. The original P.T. Barnum Circus was organized in Delavan in 1871 by William C. Coup and Dan Costello. Over 130 members of Delavan's 19th century circus colony are buried in Spring Grove and St. Andrew cemeteries.
Assembly Park history - prior to 1898 Assembly Park, at time time was called, "Mabiewood" was a densely forested area.
Edmund and Jeremiah Mabie, began wintering in Delavan in 1847 and bought land around the lake, and purchased the Lake Lawn Lodge in 1847, deciding Delavan would be a perfect to board their U.S. Olympic Circus for the winter. This purchased , allowing the Mable circus to be the first to call Wisconsin home. In the same year Edmund and Jeremiah Mabie purchased Assembly Park in 1847 and later their heirs sold the 38 acre tract to the Delavan Lake Assembly Association in 1898. They began wintering in Delavan in 1847 and bought land around the lake.
Fred and Blache Cevene, Fred is on the far right (above) both were circus acrobats, with P.T. Barnum, who made at least 17 property purchases in Assembly Park.
Above - Fred and Blache Cevene, built a cottage around 1920 at 1400 Indian Trail, in Assembly Park. Below see where 1400 Indian Trail in the Park.
By 1895, John Jay Phoenix organized a club of 12 Delavan citizens under the name, The Junto. The name comes for a club established in 1727 by Benjamin Franklin for mutual improvement in Philadelphia. The group met monthly to discuss literature, science and music.
The Delavan Lake Assembly Association in 1898. was formed by a group of Delavan business men, who purchased the land from the Mabie heirs, 38-acre plot to the Delavan Lake Assembly Association for $15,000. There were a total of 300 shares of capital stock issued at $100 a share (see photo of a stock certificate below). The aim of the association was to enable the moral, intellectual and physical welfare of its members. Based on the religious principles the association banned the use of alcohol and dancing on the premises.
On Jan. 25, 1898, they formed a committee to study the feasibility of presenting a Chautauqua-like program. Modeled after activities at the Chautauqua Institution of western New York, these large, public adult-education programs were highly popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
The group organized under the name Delavan Lake Assembly Association and got permission from Mabies' heirs to use Mabiewood for their first Chautauqua in 1898. The officers were William A. Cochrane, president; John Jay Phoenix (grandson of the founder of the Town of Delavan), vice president; Edward F. Williams, treasurer and Grant D. Harrington, secretary.
The first session of the program was held July 25 to Aug. 3, 1898. Season tickets cost $2.50, and meals could be purchased for 25 cents. Transportation was available form Delavan to the Assembly grounds for 10 cents. Campers were encouraged to use the site for summer programs and a large dinning hall (photo below) served on the average of 2,000 meals a day at .40 cents each.
*Chautauqua (pronounced /ʃəˈtɔːkwə/ in the IPA; or, in informal US transcription, "sha- TAW- kwa") is an adult education movement in the United States, highly popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Chautauqua assemblies expanded and spread throughout rural America until the mid-1920s. The Chautauqua brought entertainment and culture for the whole community, with speakers, teachers, musicians, entertainers, preachers and specialists of the day. (From Wikipedia)
Delavan Lake Assembly was one of the more than 160 "daughters Chautauquas" that operated throughout the country around the turn of the century. They stressed that education could be pursed in a relaxed atmosphere and combined with entertainment.
Between 1898 and 1914 Assembly Park was noted for its annual Chautauqua* type programs featuring nationally known lectures in the fields of literature, science, religion, politics, music and entertainment. Most of the years the programs were held in the Assembly auditorium, opened in 1899, which seated 3,500.
The auditorium (seen below) was constructed for the second Delavan Chautauqua Assembly in 1899 at a cost of $3,500. It attracted up to 3,000 people a day during the two week sessions that began in late July. As more cottages were built , however the large summer crowds were not welcomed by residents. Attendance start to decline as alternative activities gain popularity. The last Chautauqua Assembly was held in 1914. On August 21, 1919, the auditorium burn to the ground, due to the crossing of electrical wires.
The dates of the first Assembly were July 26, through August 3, 1898. The Delavan Lake Assembly became a legal entity on August 12, 1898. The building above was completed for the 1899 session which featured Jane Addams of Hull House and many other speakers. The 1900 session included William Jennings Bryant. Programs included lectures on religion, politics, science, literature, music, and the arts. Sporting events, especially water sports were organized. Delavan Lake Assembly (1899 to 1919).
LEARN MORE ABOUT WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYANT, THE 1925 SCOPES MONKEY TRIAL, AND OUR PLAY ABOUT IT HERE!
Delavan Assembly Park Auditorium (above), faced the lake, was described as a round building with wooden benches and a sawdust floor.
Above is a copy of a stock certificate for share 3 issued by J.J. Phoenix October 18, 1898. The 38 acre parcel of property, know at the time as Mabiewood was purchased for $15,000 from heirs of the Mabie Family. The Assembly Park charter provided for issuance of 300 shares of stock at the par value of $100. Each stock carried a 99 year lease on a lot. 149 certificates were issued in the first year. By 1902 there were only 30 lots available. A ledger book recording the names of owners of each property was updated until 1976. The ledger provides information for ownership history of various cottages. Below is stock from 1974.
1899 - Dinning Hall - Severed up to 3,000 people, three times a day. The Dinning Hall was remodeled and added to over the years. This building burned downed in 1947 and replaced with a Quonset hut, served as a neighborhood grocery store and gathering place for many years.
By 1901, the Assembly programs were known throughout the Midwest for their outstanding 10-day sessions.
Delavan Lake Assembly Association, sold lots by 1903 over 50 cottages had been erected.
In 1904, William Jennings Bryant was featured and spoke to a crowd of 4,000. Chautauqua programs were held in the 3,500-seat Assembly auditorium between 1898 and 1914.
Two-week sessions were held in late July and early August.
After the turn of the century, lots were sold, and by 1903, more than 50 cottages had been built.
In 1903, cottage owners objected to plans to build a barn to house the horses of people attending the Chautauquas*. They thought the stench of the manure would be overpowering.
Crowding continued to be a problem, and in 1914 the programs were suspended.
They began again for a short time, and featured speakers like former President William Howard Taft, who spoke in Aug. 1919 on the League of Nations, according to the Delavan Republican newspaper.
In 1909, electricity was arrives in Assembly Park.
Birdseye view (above) of how the park looked approximately in, 1903, when it was said there were fifty cottages. The auditorium, dining hall and water tower were at the top of the park. There was a path that ran along the shore.
The Snyder/Bestul family has resided here from the beginning. The above photo was of the house built in 1906 at 1119 N. Gazebo. This house seems to be one in the "Birdseye View" drawing (top photo) drawing from 1903.
Campers were encouraged to use the site for summer programs and a large dinning hall served on the average of 2,000 meals a day at .40 cents each.
Lots were sold by the association and by 1903 over 50 cottages had been erected.
By 1913, more cottages were built, including year round homes, drawing large crowds in the summer. In 1914 the annual events were discontinued.
Between 1898 and 1914 Assembly Park was noted for its annual Chautauqua type programs featuring nationally known lectures in the fields of literature, science, religion, politics, music and entertainment. Most of the years the programs were held in the Assembly auditorium, opened in 1899, which seated 3,500.
The end of the Chautauqua era came Aug. 21, 1919, when crossing of electrical wires started an electrical fire which destroyed the auditorium. The building had been valued at $20,000, but was only insured for $2,000.
The auditorium (below) constructed for the second Delavan Chautauqua Assembly in 1899 at a cost of $3,500, was used for storage until destroyed by fire in 1919.
To the right is a column from the program of the last Delavan Lake Assembly Chautauqua held in 1914.
Assembly Park's first fire house, photo taken in 1920's.
1934 - On April 27, 1934 - eight cottages, on South Gazebo Drive, burned down, in the park, left over leaves from the fall allowed the fire to spread.
Mid 1930's - A flurry of improvements occurred, during this period, Park benches with cement ends, were added to the parks and beach. A total of 16 benches were purchased at the cost of $150. These were later replaced in 1998.
1935 - A new flag pole was dedicated.
1935 - The President's report mentioned "the old and unsightly toilet building on block F has been moved to the west side of the park, near the water tank (which has since been removed.) and will be used for storage purposes."
1938 - Hilltop Park, formerly known as "Block B", was to be made into a park.
1935 - The concrete boat ramp was installed in 1935. The ramp affords boat owners easy access to the lake and the storm water drainage for a three hill street. The above photo is a view of Lincoln Avenue from the lake.
1938 - Motorized boats must have attracted considerable attention when they first appeared on the lake. This one might have been a Thompson with 5 h.p. motor. Paul Shives (Dorothy Radford's uncle) piloted one of the earliest power boat on the lake.
1930's - Charles Flint installed half of the curbs in the park using the above concrete mixer on a Model T truck. This photo was taken out in front of 1609 Monroe. The Flint Family's connections to Assembly Park spans four generations. The Flint's owned and rented cottages. They constructed curbs, rented boats with motors and without motors, and they even sold worms. They ran a boat livery from about 1933-1932. It is safe to say, if a Chicago paper was available, for delivery to the park, the Flints would have delivered papers as well.
Charlie Flint - Boats for Rent, both power and not power boats.
Jim Flint - (above) was caretaker of Assembly Park around 1915. Bob Flint, Jim's grandfather, and his wife Pat, has lived in the park for over 23 years and has served on the Park board.
1940 September - The first annual Arbor Day celebration was held and continues to this day!
1941 September - J.J. Phonix, was the founder of Assembly Park, J.J. Phonix spoke at the second annual Arbor Day celebration, in 1941
1942 - Mr. and Mrs. Tuckwoods purchase the cottage owned by Fred and Blache Cevene and acted as a rental agent for cottages around the park for many years. The Zagone family purchased California Cottage and Hollywood apartment from the Tuckwoods estate in 1971.
1947 - Dinning Hall burns down - Built in 1899, Severed up to 3,000 people, three times a day. This building burned downed in 1947 and replaced with a Quonset hut, served as a neighborhood grocery store and gathering place for many years.
Georgann Inn - Above is letterhead from the Inn, below is the photo of the Inn. Owned and operated by George and Anna Hatch. It ad rooms for rent and a small grocery store. The Inn was destroyed by fire in 1947. The Hatch's also owned a cottage, located at 1201 Evergreen, which George and Anna called Georgann and was sold in 1952.
Shortly after the Georgann Inn burned down, in 1947, the War World II quonset hut was built (see below). The building named, "My Brother's Place" (Click here to see a video) served as a small grocery store and had a breakfast and lunch counter.
1956 - Gail Reece, the caretaker at the park from 1956-1980. Was an appointed police officer and a member of the volunteer fire department. He also picked up garbage through out the park twice a week, at one time using an open truck that was tramped down by foot. Gail was seriously injured while working on a sewer line in 1978. He stayed on as caretaker while the sewer line was installed during the years 1979 to 1980 and then retired to Texas where he lives with his wife Norma.
1950's Early - the concrete retaining wall at the beach was built to protect the bluff and hold the sand.
Gail Reece
1950's Early - The Thursday Night Dance - was started.
July 16, 1964 from the Delavan Enterprise
1968 - Arbor Day - 70 ladies, from Assembly Park, traveled to the Playboy Club, in Lake Geneva, for a luncheon on September 21, 1968. This was part of the Arbor Day celebration presumably. No report where the men of the Park went.
A new "refrigerated" drinking fountain installed in the park for those hot summer days and evenings. Donated by John and Gwenn Purcell in memory of their parents.
1976 - July 4th - Fireworks - someone threw tear gas into the crowd at the city's firework's show.
1976 - Wisconsin 15 (currently named Interstate 43 , name changed in 1988) is completed. Running through Delavan from Milwaukee to Beloit.
1979 - Start of construction of the Delavan Lake Sanitary District collection system around the lake and the WALCOMET wastewater treatment facility
The Delavan Lake Sanitary District was created in 1969 to operate and maintain a wastewater collection system serving properties adjacent to and surrounding Delavan Lake. Since 1997 the District has been responsible for the Aquatic Plant Management Program for Delavan Lake as well as various lake monitoring projects and studies in cooperation with Wisconsin DNR and USGS. Since 1995 DLSD has assisted the Town of Delavan in the monitoring lake levels and operation of the Delavan Lake (Borg) Dam facilities.
1980 - Gail Reece, the caretaker at the Park from 1956-1980, retires.
1980 - Sewer Project Started in 1979 these photos are from 1980, along Lincoln Avenue in the Park.
1981 - The construction of DLSD sanitary sewer collection system around the lake was completed.
1989 - Rob Mohr hired as the new caretaker of the Park, and currently is the Park's caretaker.
1989 - The lake Level was dropped to save the lake, in September 1989. When the water was dropped you could walk across the bay from Assembly park to Lake Lawn's golf course.
Here what the Tribune wrote about it...
"DELAVAN, WIS. — It`s not shallow enough to reveal the bones of Juliet the elephant. But six weeks of massive pumping have dropped Lake Delavan`s level 10 feet in one of the broadest water-rehabilitation projects ever undertaken, environmental officials say.
Rob Mohr, Caretaker of the Park
With the water down to a level where it is cost-effective to apply a toxic substance, hundreds of thousands of carp and buffalo fish will be killed next week to restore ecological balance to the 2,072-acre Delavan Lake.
That`s only part of a $5.5 million local, state and federal program to rehabilitate the lake and its surrounding watershed, and to prevent it from returning to its polluted state. About $3.7 million of that is coming from local taxpayers. There are 2,200 cottages on Delavan Lake, roughly half of them owned by Illinois residents."
Here is a link to the complete Tribune storyThe dropping of the lake level was dropped 10 feet, exposed the concrete cribs used to hold the piers in place. No fishing signs were posted until 1992. This was a joint project of the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resource, the City of Delavan, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Delavan Lake Sanitary District, the lake was chemically treated, killing all the fish. Fish were restocked in 1990 and 1991.
As of November 2007, the lake is still need of attention. For additional information please see this link to the Delavan Lake Improvement Association.
1990 - The first and last issues of the Assembly Bark or the Barker were published on a bi weekly basis. The Assembly Bark, or "the Barker" was a bi weekly newsletter published in 1990. Below are the historic first and last issues of The Barker. The Assembly Bark only had two issues. The Assembly Bark covered recent and upcoming events, weddings, news of the time, APYC updates, movie reviews and much more.
1990-1991 - The Lake was restocked with fish in 1990 and 1991, the lake Level was dropped to save the lake 1989.
1995 June - At the Annual meeting voted to discontinued Park Water system due to the deterioration of the water system. It was determined it would cost each owner more than the cost of a new individual well to make the necessary repairs to the park water system, October 1999 was when the water was turned off.
1997 - The Gazebo near the beach was replaced, with funds raised by the Assembly Park Ladies Auxiliary. "Memory Bricks", inscribed with the names of loved ones, were purchased for $50 each, and placed near the entrances of the gazebo.
1997 - Asphalt paths, both the south and north paths, to the park's beach were completed.1997 - The caretaker's house received a facelift with a new paint job.
1998 - Assembly Park celebrated the Centennial Year
1998 - New playground equipment was completed
1998 - New park benches were installed replacing the benches installed in early 1930's.
1998 - The caretaker's house received a new roof.
1999 October - The park water system was turned off and discontinued.
The Assembly Bark, or "the Barker" was a bi weekly newsletter published back in 1990. Below are the historic first and last issues of The Barker. The Assembly Bark only had two issues.
The Assembly Bark covered recent and upcoming events, weddings, news of the time, APYC updates, movie reviews and much more.
Click here to read the first issue.
Click here to read the last issue.
2001 March - Assembly Park.com was created
2001 OCTOBER - The final annual Tim O’Connor Memorial Golf Outing held on September 29, 2001 was a tremendous success with the most players (many from Assembly Park) and the best weather. Over the 11 years, the total amount raised is over $55,000.00.dollars. Proceeds benefit the University of Chicago Cancer Research Center. Mrs. Dorothy O’Connor and her family thank everyone for their support throughout the years.
2002 - Assembly Hall Remodeled - Photos
2003 - Beach Wall Painted - Photos
2003 - Work started on North Shore Drive to expands a lane in each direction - Photos
About Romeo and Juliet the Elephants
Lake Delavan (Delavan, WI.)
In Circus history, it's not only the human performers who are remembered. Certain animal acts are also remebered in the fondest of terms. In the case of Indian elephants, Romeo and Juliet, both are remembered, but only one of them is remembered fondly.
Romeo stood 19 1/2 feet tall and weighed 10,500 lbs. He also had a nasty habit of killing his keepers.
By the time he died, in the summer of 1872, Romeo was responsible for the deaths of five people, and at least 25 horses. He also nearly tore apart a theater in Chicago, and terrorized the cites of Delavan & Lake Geneva when he had escaped from his pen, one winter day.
By contrast, Juliet, was a gentle giant. A charming animal, who was loved by her trainers, and people all over the country.
Originally from the area that is now known as Sri-Lanka, Juliet came to America in 1851, to work in P.T. Barnum's Asiatic Caravan.
It was during the 1850's, that Juliet was paired up with Romeo, and the two would perform a musical act. Romeo would turn the crank on a hand organ, while Juliet would dance.
In February of 1864, Juliet died at the Circus' winter camp, along the northern banks of Lake Delavan (where Lake Lawn Resort is today). With the ground frozen solid, it was ordered that Juliet's body be dragged out to the frozen lake, and left. Then once the lake melted, the body would, and did sink to the bottom. It is said, that it was Romeo who was forced to drag Juliet's body across the frozen lake (the Circus would later use this experience as the reason why Romeo turned mean, and to garner sympathy, to prevent him from being exterminated after each of his attacks).
Some say it wasn't Juliet's death that turned Romeo mean, but the death of another elephant, by the name of Canada (whether this was before or after Juliet's death, is unknown by this author).
Canada died when she fell through the floor of a train car as it traveled over a bridge in Iowa.
Before Canada fell, it was Romeo that held onto her for over an hour. When it became apparent that Canada could not be saved, and for fear of losing both elephants, trainers forced Romeo to let go of his hold on Canada. Canada fell. Severly injuring herself, she had to be exterminated.
It is believed by some, that this was the moment Romeo turned bitter, violent, and most of all,
hold a grudge.
Over the next few years, Romeo became impossible to control. His rampages became folly for the newspapers, who reported on every death, and every violent outbreak. At one point getting so bad, that on February 25, 1872, the New York Times told it's readers, that "Romeo has outlived his usefulness."
On June 7th, 1872, Romeo died in Chicago, from an infected foot. Upon death, his body was removed from the Circus grounds, and taken to the public dump, where it was left to rot.
Today, the only reminder that Romeo ever existed, is the statue of him that sits on the corner of
E. Walworth Ave. and N. 2nd St., in Delavan. But if there was an elephant mean enough to return from the great beyond, it's Romeo.
An elephant's trunk has been seen sticking out of the water (in Lake Delavan).
The sound of an elephant "trumpeting" has been heard coming from the lake.
To this day, fishermen still pull elephant bones out of Lake Delavan, and maybe for that reason, Juliet sticks her trunk out of the lake to let people know she's still there, and not happy.
As for the trumpeting sound coming from the lake, that also could be Juliet, but some people also feel that it could be Romeo letting people know that he's still around, and not happy.
Elephants never forget.
From the Walworth County Today
Circuses made Delavan a winter home
Margaret Plevak | February 21, 2016
An elephant lumbers along in the 500 block of Walworth Avenue in Delavan in this 1889 photo. More than two dozen circus companies once set up winter quarters around the city, making the appearance of exotic animals commonplace in the mid- to late 1800s. Delavan was attractive because of its central location and plentiful timber, water and land for crops and animal grazing. Delavan Historical Society photo
DELAVAN—There was a time in Delavan when it wasn't unusual to see elephants lumbering down Walworth Avenue or drinking from Lake Comus, or watch zebra grazing in pastures near High and Parish streets.
Exotic sights were common when more than 20 circuses called Delavan their winter home in the mid-to late 19th century.
Historical accounts trace Delavan's earliest circus connections back to brothers Edmund and Jeremiah Mabie, who raised horses on their New York farm. Many of the Mabies' neighbors were circus performers, and in 1840, the brothers jumped on the circus band wagon themselves, creating a tent show.
In four short years, the Grand Olympic Arena and United States Circus had grown to 27 wagons and 150 horses. By 1847, decades before P.T. Barnum or the Ringling Brothers, the Mabies had the largest traveling circus in America.
That year, en route to Janesville from a performance in Milwaukee, the Mabies stopped their circus wagons in Delavan to rest and—according to one newspaper account—hunt prairie chickens. Impressed by the area's verdant woods, plentiful streams and prairies, the brothers decided they'd found the perfect spot to house their show during the winter months when they weren't on the road.
They set up the first permanent winter headquarters in the Midwest, purchasing 400 acres and two barns for a little over $3,000. The land was most of what is now Lake Lawn Resort, adjacent to Assembly Park and Inlet Oaks.
“It all started with the Mabies, who were looking in what then was 'the wild west' at that time to try to find someplace that was similar to their New York home in vegetation and water access,” said Patti Marsicano, Delavan Historical Society president and the author of two books on Delavan.
Delavan had it all: lots of timber for heating fuel and building materials, ample water and enough grazing and farmland to raise crops for their horses and a menagerie of animals, including hungry elephants that could eat 200 pounds of hay a day.
Delavan also had something else essential for traveling circuses—a great location. It offered easy access to multiple regions and the advantage of getting out at the start of the season ahead of Eastern-based shows, said Peter Shrake, archivist at the Circus World Museum in Baraboo.
Before railroad became common transportation for circuses, the shows drove their circus wagons from town to town, state to state. The Mabies played Wisconsin, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan and South Dakota, the East Coast, and southern states like Missouri, Arkansas and Texas. For one short season, they even traveled by boat, playing port cities around the Great Lakes.
Word of Delavan as the Mabies' winter quarters got around, and by 1858, four different shows followed suit. Delavan-based circuses multiplied. The Mabie name was associated with two other circuses here. Some Mabie circus performers and employees left to start their own shows, like the Holland family of riders, acrobats and owners who settled in Delavan. In 1858 they formed the Holland & McMahon Circus, which performed for Union troops during the Civil War and became forerunner of USO entertainment shows.
Delavan resident and dentist George Morrison was a circus promoter who did dental work on the road with his show. One newspaper account said Morrison “extracted teeth from (a) circus wagon with no anesthesia, but sounds of the band probably drown out any moans.”
Of the more than 100 circuses that started in Wisconsin, Delavan was home to a reported 28—more than any other city in the state, including Baraboo, which had only nine. Not all of the circuses were as large as the Mabies' show, but most needed a place to spend the winter.
“The primary mission of a circus winter quarters was to refurbish the show in the off season,” Shrake said. “A traveling circus encountered considerable wear and tear over the many months on the road. The winter months allowed for the repair of worn out and creation of new wardrobe and equipment—props, wagons, tents. New acts were developed in the off season as well.
“Concerning animals, generally speaking, usually the horse stock—specifically the horses used to pull the various wagons—were kept at local farms for the winter. The exotic animals and ring-performing horses were usually kept near the winter quarters in heated buildings.”
A Milwaukee Sentinel article on local circuses noted, “Their winter home resembled a small village with the animal quarters, repair shops, training quarters and other buildings. With the coming of winter the showmen returned to Delavan and always had a large part in the life of the city.”
Both the Mabies had permanent homes in Delavan, including one on Fourth Street and Walworth Avenue. Other circus performers stayed at local boarding houses or hotels.
Delavan, settled by two other brothers from New York—Samuel and Henry Phoenix, who intended to start a temperance colony—wasn't initially welcoming of the Mabies and their ilk.
“Most churches opposed the circus, claiming it was an immoral presentation that took money out of the community,” wrote the late Delavan historian Gordon Yadon in a local newspaper article.
Delavan was dubbed “The Wickedest City in Wisconsin” because of its circus connections and the rough element that seemed to be a part of circus life.
“If you went back to the time when circuses traveled by wagons, they were followed by people trying to make money who hung out on the fringe of the circus,” Marsicano said. “Call them unsavory characters, snake oil salesmen, quick-change artists—the circuses drew those types of people.”
But the Mabies were different. Edmund Mabie joined the Delavan Congregational Church, was active in the community and became a civic leader, instrumental in getting projects like a 60-mile plank road built between Racine and Janesville. The brothers purchased the Delavan Milling Company and a saw mill in Janesville. Like other circus owners they were wealthy men and well-respected for their community involvement.
At the time Delavan had a population of less than 1,000 but it was growing, and city officials couldn't deny the circuses' impact on the local economy, from feed dealers and blacksmiths to mechanics and wagon makers.
Circus roustabouts and performers, from acrobats to clowns, became part of the area each winter.
So did the circus animals, including horses, elephants, camels, lions, leopards, zebra, snakes, even buffalo.
Albert the elephant, owned by the Holland-Gormley circus, was kept in a round house at 608-610 E. Walworth Ave. Purchased in 1889 from another circus in Philadelphia, Albert was sent by rail to Chicago, then—because there was no direct line to Delavan—to Clinton, where he was met by two circus workers who walked him to Delavan.
Albert was said to be gentle, although one account said when the circus traveled by railroad, and Albert was housed for the night in the animal car, he kept reaching into the widow of the adjoining car, where the workers slept, using his trunk to pull the blankets off their beds.
By 1864, the Mabies, then in poor health, sold their circus to Adam Forepaugh for $42,000. The animals and equipment were moved to Chicago a year later.
E.G. Holland's circus was the last circus organized in Delavan in 1892, and when that show called it quits in 1894, signs of the circus's imprint were disappearing.
“Within a generation of 1894, the familiar landmarks such as ring barn equipment were all gone,” Yadon wrote in a newspaper article.
A Milwaukee Sentinel article dated Nov. 13 1921 was already lamenting the fading circus history as it described a circular building on the LeBar farm near Delavan Lake. “The old building was at one time the 'ringhouse' where the riders trained and the acts rehearsed during the winter months…” the story said.
Some signs of Delavan's circus history are still there: a state historical marker on the west side of Tower Park on East Walworth Avenue, fiberglass statues of a giraffe, elephant and clown in the same park, even two downtown circus murals painted last year by the WallDogs.
There are also nearly 100 circus performers and owners buried in Spring Grove and St. Andrew's cemeteries. Marsicano said plans are in the works to replace the circus grave markers that were set in 1962.
Marsicano said few 19th-century Delavan circus photographs exist because residents then time found circuses so commonplace.
“The circuses were here all the time, and in our society, when you see something all the time, it's no big deal. People were blasé about it.”
Ironically, circuses also found Delavan a poor place to perform because attendance was generally low.
After all, local residents were already used to seeing elephants heading down Walworth Avenue.
From the Walworth County Sunday...
Greatest show on Earth is closing, but Delavan circus legacy lives on
Written by Margaret Plevak
Circus workers hoist the big top in 2003 at the former Geneva Lakes Kennel Club when the Carson and Barnes Circus made annual stops in Delavan. While the Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey circus has announced it will close in May, circus heritage always will be ingrained in Wisconsin's history. P. T. Barnum founded his circus in Delavan. Terry Mayer/file photo
WALWORTH COUNTY SUNDAY -- The Big Top is coming down.
Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey, which called itself The Greatest Show on Earth, announced earlier this month it was closing in May, after rallying for years against a difficult economy, changing tastes in entertainment and pressure from animal rights groups.
When Ringling Brothers made a decision to retire its performing elephants two years ago because of protests, attendance dropped even lower than predicted, according to Feld Entertainment, which owns Ringling Brothers.
Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey’s final shows on May 21 in Uniondale, New York, have sold out, but online ticket exchanges are offering tickets at prices inflated by as much as 560 percent, with lower level ringside seats at The New Coliseum costing as much as $2,000, according to some websites.
Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey had a historically long run: 146 combined years for the shows. The fact that circuses like Ringling Brothers have such a history is testament to their success, said Peter Shrake, archivist at Circus World Museum in Baraboo.
“I think like any successful, long-running show, it comes down to good management, excellent performers and a willingness to be flexible,” Shrake wrote in an email. “A successful show knows its audience and gives that audience what it wants. Clearly for 146 years, the Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus was able to do just that.”
Our circus heritage
The history of the traveling circus is about as long, and part of its storied past is linked to Wisconsin.
More than 100 circuses got their start in the state. Nine called Baraboo home, including the one formed by the brothers Ringling, who grew up there.
The site of their old winter quarters -- where they returned after each performing season to work on new acts and make repairs to wagons and equipment -- is now where the Circus World Museum stands.
But when it came to a real circus city, Wisconsin residents need look no further than Delavan, which in the 1800s was home to 28 circuses.
That’s when one of the most famous circus promoters, P.T. Barnum, organized his circus in 1871.
Barnum’s traveling circus underwent several incarnations until Barnum teamed up with James Bailey to create the Barnum and Bailey Circus.
Barnum’s circus is memorialized downtown in Tower Park where it is among three statues that commemorate the great traveling shows.
The statues include a giraffe named Ginny and Romeo the elephant, rearing up on its hind legs to a towering height of 20 feet.
The real-life Romeo, a 10,500-pound elephant owned by the Mabie Circus, had a reputation as a rogue and was connected to the death of five handlers.
Standing beneath Romeo is the 6-foot-tall statue of a clown who represents Lou Jacobs, a Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey performer whose famous face was plastered on magazine covers, posters and even a U.S. postage stamp.
By 1907, Barnum had sold his circus to Baraboo's Ringling Brothers, which ran them separately until finally merging in 1919 and forming the now famous Ringling Bros. and Barnum and Bailey Circus.
Before Barnum, Delavan’s earliest circus connections date back to brothers Edmund and Jeremiah Mabie, who raised horses on their New York farm. Many of the Mabies’ neighbors were circus performers, and in 1840, the brothers jumped on the circus bandwagon themselves, creating a tent show.
That year, en route to Janesville from a performance in Milwaukee, the Mabies stopped their circus wagons in Delavan to rest and -- according to one newspaper account -- hunt prairie chickens. Impressed by the area’s verdant woods, plentiful streams and prairies, the brothers decided they’d found the perfect spot to house their show during the winter months when they weren’t on the road.
They set up the first permanent winter headquarters in the Midwest, purchasing 400 acres and two barns for about $3,000. The land was most of what is now Lake Lawn Resort, adjacent to Assembly Park and Inlet Oaks.
Word of Delavan as the Mabies’ winter quarters got around, and by 1858, four different shows followed suit, finding Delavan’s central location and access to grazing land, water and timber a great asset. Delavan-based circuses multiplied.
Many of those circus owners and performers bought homes, got involved on civic boards and city projects and became neighbors, said Patti Marsicano, president of the Delavan Wisconsin Historical Society and author of two books on Delavan.
“The circus was part of the community,” Marsicano said. “The Mabie brothers invested financially in the area, purchased a mill.”
She said there are few photographs of circus life in Delavan because residents found sights like elephants walking down Walworth Avenue or zebras grazing near Lake Comus so common.
Circus people made an impact on the area in another way, spending money at grocery stores, hotels, blacksmith shops, wagon makers and feed stores.
“I think in those early days that was a good revenue source for Delavan,” said Walworth County historian Ginny Hall. “There were a number of former circus people who settled in Delavan and Darien and helped the economy of those communities.”
By the end of the 19th century, the physical imprint of the circus was disappearing from Delavan, but Hall finds traces of its presence decades later.
She pointed to Delavan’s Spring Grove Cemetery, where dozens of circus performers and workers are buried with colorful circus markers on their graves.
“I think it’s a source of pride that Delavan was considered a good spot for winter quarters,” Hall said. “When I came to the county in 1962, I still heard about the houses in Darien and Delavan where circus people had lived. And being that Delavan was the site where the circus stamp was initiated (in 1966) is a signal that the circus was still very important then.
“Today, all you have to do is go around to the circus mural (painted by the Walldogs in 2015) to see that circus history is still alive.”
Shrake sees the circus’s influence in today’s popular big-scale productions.
“Cirque du Soleil is a contemporary re-imagination of the circus. The Feld family, the owners of the Ringling show, are also producers of Disney on Ice,” Shrake said. “It is hard to imagine that the skills the Feld family developed while operating the circus did not in some way translate into their other entertainment endeavors.
“A number of notable movie stars, including Burt Lancaster, got their start in the circus,” he added.
And even without Ringling, Shrake believes smaller circuses will still continue to perform.
“The circus has always been a changing and evolving art form,” he said.
From the Wisconsin School for the Deaf website
In 1839, Ebenezer Chesebro moved his family from New York to the Delavan, Wisconsin area. The Chesebro family had a daughter, Ariadna, who was deaf and had attended the New York Institute for the Deaf and Dumb (NYI). In 1850 the Chesebros hired Wealthy Hawes to teach their daughter and a neighbor boy who was also deaf. Hawes, who lived nearby, was hard of hearing, and a graduate of the New York Institute.
Ariadna Chesebro is known as The Face That Launched WSD.
The Chesebros invited John A. Mills, also an NYI graduate, to take Hawe's place in 1851. With the area's increase in population, the school had grown to eight children and the Chesebros decided they could no longer afford to privately finance the education of their daughter and the other students.
In 1852, with the help of their friends and neighbors, they submitted a petition to the Wisconsin legislature requesting the establishment of a school for the deaf. Franklin K. Phoenix, a neighbor and close friend of the Chesebros, offered to donate to the state all the land necessary for the school. The governor signed the law appropriating funds for a school building, staff, and general operating expenses on April 19, 1852.
The Wisconsin School for the Deaf has been in continuous operation since its founding, and has operated since 1939 as a bureau of the state Department of Public Instruction. The school is a part of the state system of public education and as such has the same standards as those set forth by the Department of Public Instruction for all schools in Wisconsin. WSD also serves as a resource on deaf education for all Wisconsin school districts.
Find out what Walldogs are!
Find out about the Delavan Walldogs are!
See them all here!
Delavan, Wisconsin!
Allyn House
Old Settlers Cemetery
Old Settlers Cemetery: Founder's Grave
Old Settlers Cemetery: Founder
Old Settlers Cemetery: Names
Phoenix Park Bandshell
Walldogs: Rodriguez Brothers
Walldogs: Artists Colony
Walldogs: School for the Deaf
Walldogs: Architects
Walldogs: Armed Forces
Waldogs: PT Barnum
Walldogs: Cigars
Walldogs: Stamp Controversy
Walldogs: Diner
Walldogs: World War 2
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IOWA SUPREME COURT BOARD OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND CONDUCT v. REMER
IOWA SUPREME COURT BOARD OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND CONDUCT, Complainant, v. George R. REMER, Respondent.
Norman G. Bastemeyer and David J. Grace, Des Moines, for complainant. George R. Remer, Battle Creek, pro se.
An Iowa attorney admittedly engaged in a long course of self-dealing but claims he violated no rules of professional responsibility because he did not harm anyone. The Iowa Supreme Court Board of Professional Ethics and Conduct filed a complaint with our Grievance Commission against respondent, George Remer, alleging he violated several ethical rules and recommended we suspend Remer's license to practice law for three years. Our review is required by Iowa Court Rule 35.10 (2002). We agree with the Commission's findings of misconduct and its recommended sanction.
I. Background and Facts
This case comes before us on its return from a remand to the Grievance Commission. The Iowa Supreme Court Board of Professional Ethics and Conduct initiated attorney disciplinary proceedings against George Remer based on Remer's unprofessional conduct while acting as guardian and conservator of his aunt, Bessie Jordan.
Jordan's primary asset was a 423-acre family farm. Jordan and her sister, Lucille Remer (mother of George Remer), operated the farm as a farm partnership. Beginning in 1974, Remer ostensibly acted as the farm manager. Remer was appointed to act as conservator of Jordan's estate from September 16, 1985, to Jordan's death on October 9, 1992. No guardian ad litem was appointed for Jordan. In September 1987, Lucille died with the resulting property disposition leaving Jordan 68.75% outright ownership of the farm and a life interest in another 10.42%.
In March 1987, Remer formed Garden Farm Inc. in which Remer's wife was the sole shareholder. Remer, acting as farm manager, leased Jordan's interest and the other fractional interests in the family farm to GFI as tenant. Remer did not seek court approval for this transaction. During the same year, Remer, as conservator, arranged for Jordan to lease two new grain bins for the farm with an option to buy. At the request of the grain bins seller, Remer obtained court approval for this transaction.
In August 1988, Remer obtained court approval for the sale of Jordan's fee simple interest in the farm to GFI. Remer claimed the sale of the farm was in Jordan's best interest because she did not have sufficient funds to meet her present needs. Remer obtained two appraisals of the farm property. One appraisal valued the farm at $525 per acre and the other appraisal value was $575 per acre. Signed bank statements from 1986 and 1987 showed the farm was worth $700 per acre. Remer proposed to sell Jordan's interest in the farm for $575 per acre. Remer did not attempt to find a buyer other than GFI and he did not inform Jordan or other family members of his intention to sell and purchase Jordan's interest in the farm. Four months after the appraisals were made, two orders approving the sale were entered without notice to Jordan or anyone acting on her behalf other than Remer, as the conservator/applicant.
Jordan died on October 9, 1992. Remer's wife was appointed administrator of the Jordan estate and Remer as attorney for the estate. In May 1994, Gail Griffith Lovell, the current administrator of Jordan's estate, filed a petition for the removal of Remer's wife as administrator. In response, both Remer and his wife resigned from their respective positions. Lovell was then appointed to serve as Jordan's administrator. Lovell filed an action to set aside the sale of Jordan's interest in the farm to GFI asserting the sale was not in Jordan's best interests and was the result of Remer's self-dealing.
The district court did not set aside the sale, finding the price GFI paid for Jordan's interest in the farm was fair and the sale was in Jordan's best interests. The district court also concluded Remer did not breach a fiduciary duty in failing to liquidate a walnut grove on the farm prior to its sale to GFI. However, the court concluded Remer (1) improperly imposed the grain bin expense on Jordan; (2) improperly obtained farm management fees for services that did not benefit Jordan; (3) improperly transferred $6000 of Jordan's money to her sister Lucille's estate when no money was owed to Lucille; (4) improperly charged Jordan for accounting services necessary to remedy Remer's poor bookkeeping practices; (5) failed to pay Jordan her share of rental income attributable to her life estate interest; (6) improperly charged Jordan's life tenancy interest for improvements made after the sale of her fee simple interest; and (7) improperly charged Jordan for penalties incurred as a result of Remer's failure to pay her real estate taxes on time. In the Matter of Guardianship & Conservatorship of Jordan v. Remer, 616 N.W.2d 553, 557-58 (Iowa 2000).
On appeal, we concluded the sale of Jordan's interest in the farm to GFI was not in her best interests and should not have been approved by the district court. Id. at 561. We remanded for a determination of whether the improvements were beneficial to Jordan because, if they were beneficial, the judgment against Remer would need to be altered. Id. at 559-60. As to all of the other findings of the district court, we affirmed.
The Iowa Supreme Court Board of Professional Ethics and Conduct filed a complaint against Remer alleging his conduct as Jordan's conservator and guardian violated the rules of professional responsibility. The Grievance Commission conducted a hearing to determine whether Remer violated the rules of professional conduct. At a hearing on the matter, the Commission admitted into evidence two district court rulings in the civil case. The Commission's findings came before us on de novo review and we vacated the Commission's report because the Board relied only on the district court ruling as a factual basis for its findings that Remer was guilty of misconduct. The Board asserted the trial court's findings should be accorded res judicata effect. Finding the doctrine of issue preclusion should not have been used, we remanded for a new hearing. Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Remer, 617 N.W.2d 269, 272 (Iowa 2000). We now have before us the findings and recommendations of the Commission made as a result of the new hearing.
II. Scope of Review
We review the findings and recommendations of the Grievance Commission de novo. Iowa Ct. R. 35.10. We give respectful consideration to the Commission's findings and recommendations, but are not bound by them. Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Lemanski, 606 N.W.2d 11, 13 (Iowa 2000). The Grievance Commission has the burden to prove misconduct by a convincing preponderance of the evidence. Iowa Supreme Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Sherman, 619 N.W.2d 407, 409 (Iowa 2000).
III. The Commission's Findings
The Commission found Remer violated several rules of professional conduct in his dealings as Jordan's guardian and conservator. See DR 1-102(A)(1). First, the Commission concluded Remer engaged in conduct that is prejudicial to the administration of justice and engaged in conduct that adversely reflects on Remer's fitness to practice law. See DR 1-102(A)(5), (A)(6). Additionally, the Commission found Remer violated the rule providing, “a lawyer shall not accept employment if the exercise of the lawyer's professional judgment on behalf of the client will be or reasonably may be affected by the lawyer's own financial, business, property or personal interests.” DR 5-101(A). Finally, the Commission concluded Remer violated the rule prohibiting a lawyer from “enter[ing] into a business transaction with a client if they have differing interests therein and if the client expects the lawyer to exercise professional judgment therein for the protection of the client, unless the client has consented after full disclosure.” DR 5-104(A).
IV. Misconduct
At the hearing before the Commission Remer admitted his self-dealing numerous times. The Commission asked Remer whether he had a financial interest in the farm and he replied “well most certainly, I had a financial interest in everything that happened on the farm. There isn't any question about that. The question is, did it harm her?” Later, again after admitting self-dealing, Remer stated “the issue really should be the harm that happened.” Remer repeatedly claimed he caused no harm to Jordan. The Commission also found Remer failed to fully cooperate with the Ethics Board's inquires in the matter. Overall, the Commission was concerned with Remer's lack of remorse, failure to take responsibility for his misconduct, and general attitude in this matter. As a sanction, the Commission recommended a three-year suspension of Remer's license to practice law.
Self-dealing itself is not prohibited. However, self-dealing by fiduciaries will be permitted only where it has been approved by the court and there is an adequate reason for the transaction. See Iowa Code § 633.155 (2001). The granting of court approval is conditioned on giving notice and an opportunity to be heard to all interested persons. Id. In the conservatorship/guardianship situation, the notice requirement includes giving notice to the ward. We conclude Remer violated the rules of professional responsibility and Iowa Code section 633.155 by failing to give notice to Jordan.
Remer's only defense for his self-dealing is that it did not harm Jordan. However, his assertion is not supported by the evidence. Rather, the evidence overwhelmingly proves a number of Remer's transactions were not in Jordan's best interests. We begin with the sale of the family farm. As a result of the sale and the way it was structured, Jordan was entitled to less money in sale proceeds than rental income. The contract of sale released GFI from making rental payments for Jordan's fee simple interest on December 1, 1988 or thereafter. Jordan was still entitled to rentals on her life tenancy interest. However, GFI, or Remer, never paid the annual rent amount of $2704. In sum, as a result of the sale, GFI was required to pay Jordan $2704 in rentals on December 1, 1988 and $17,666 in principal and interest payments on January 1, 1989. Had there been no sale, GFI would have been required to pay Jordan $20,584 in rentals on January 1, 1989. The contract provided an amortized interest and principal payment of only $16,167 annually.
Remer attempted to justify the sale based on Jordan's allegedly unstable financial condition prior to the sale of the farm. He asserted the sale was necessary to allow Jordan to pay for her ordinary expenses. However, if the sale changed Jordan's financial situation, it did so only minimally. After the sale, Jordan was entitled to $16,167 annually rather than farm rent of over $20,000, and ownership of a 68.75% fee simple interest. The sale still left her without the ability to take care of her present expenses and left no room for any future, unanticipated expenses.
In addition to the sale of the farm, Remer's actions on several other occasions did not benefit Jordan. Remer made one significant farm expenditure allegedly in her best interests. He rented/bought two new grain bins claiming Jordan needed them to store more grain. However, the evidence is clear that Jordan's grain was already adequately stored and she was not in need of additional storage. Moreover, the cash lease on the farm did not require the farm owners to make any capital improvements. Remer also took $6000 out of the conservatorship and gave it to his mother, Lucille. There is no evidence to indicate Jordan owed Lucille this money. In fact, Remer admitted the number was merely an estimate, he could not remember how it was calculated, and he could not show how the amount was justified. As a result of Remer's poor bookkeeping skills, he was forced to hire an accounting firm to sort out the mess he created. Remer, as farm manager, charged Jordan's conservatorship for the accounting fees. Remer also failed to pay Jordan's real estate taxes on time for the years 1986 through 1988. He used Jordan's funds to pay the penalties incurred as a result of his late filing. In short, the record amply supports the conclusion that Remer's self-dealing harmed Jordan economically.
Even if we found Jordan was not harmed by Remer's self-dealing, it would not change the outcome here. Violation of the rules of professional conduct prohibiting a lawyer from entering into a business transaction with a client if they have differing interests may be established without showing the client suffered economic or other disadvantage from the misconduct. See Comm. on Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Postma, 430 N.W.2d 387, 392 (Iowa 1988) (citing Comm. on Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Baker, 269 N.W.2d 463, 466 (Iowa 1978)). See generally Comm. on Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Oehler, 350 N.W.2d 195, 198-99 (Iowa 1984); Matter of Randall, 640 F.2d 898, 905 (8th Cir.1981). However, the violation is aggravated when economic disadvantage is shown. Baker, 269 N.W.2d at 466.
We now must determine the appropriate sanction for Remer's ethical violations. We consider a lawyer's prior attorney disciplinary history as an aggravating circumstance. In 1987, Remer was publicly reprimanded for failing to timely file Iowa and federal income tax returns for three separate years. See DR 1-102(A)(1), (3), and (6) (a lawyer shall not: violate a disciplinary rule; engage in illegal conduct involving moral turpitude; and engage in any other conduct that adversely reflects on the fitness to practice law); EC 1-5; EC 9-6. He is currently under suspension for failure to comply with continuing legal education and client security requirements. We also take into consideration the fact Remer did not respond to interrogatories in this case. As a result, Remer was prohibited from calling any witnesses at the hearing before the Commission, other than himself.
We also consider the presence of any mitigating factors in determining the appropriate sanction. The evidence admitted into the record indicates Remer suffered a stroke on August 15, 1995. Remer testified the stroke has affected his ability to remember certain things and overall has compromised his ability to practice law. Remer admitted his doctor believes Remer is no longer competent to practice law. His doctor went so far as to recommend that Remer discontinue his practice. Remer asserts his compromised memory is the reason he did not respond to the Board's requests for interrogatories. Though we are highly concerned about Remer's physical and mental abilities to continue the practice of law, the stroke itself does not excuse any of Remer's misconduct.
Remer's egregious pattern of self-dealing was motivated purely by his desire for personal gain. In seeking his own financial advantage, Remer failed to seek court approval for most of the transactions he completed with the conservatorship. Furthermore, he did not fully disclose to Jordan the competing interests between Remer's own personal financial stake in the farm and his fiduciary duties as Jordan's conservator. His conduct reflects self-dealing, dishonesty, total willingness to compromise the interests of his client, and absolutely no remorse. See In re Irby, 735 So.2d 624, 626 (La.1999). Remer's failure to acknowledge any misconduct reflects upon his inability to conform his conduct to our rules of professional responsibility for lawyers. Moreover, his misconduct has made wholly vulnerable the relationship between a lawyer and the client. Such misconduct warrants a suspension to serve as a penalty to Remer and as a deterrent to others. A suspension will also serve to maintain the public's confidence that we will maintain the ethics of this profession. See State v. Johnson, 149 Iowa 462, 468, 128 N.W. 837, 839 (1910) (“The relation between an attorney and his client must necessarily be one of great confidence, and an attorney who knowingly abuses the trust and confidence placed in him by his client is unfit for the profession and unworthy of a place therein.”).
We therefore suspend Remer's license with no possibility for reinstatement for a period of three years from the date of the filing of this opinion. Upon application for reinstatement, Remer shall have the burden to prove he has not practiced law during the period of suspension and that he meets the requirements of Iowa Court Rule 35.13. Remer also must certify both his medical and physical conditions are adequate to practice law. Any hearing on application for reinstatement shall be at least sixty days after the filing of such application. See Iowa Ct. R. 35.13(1)(a). The costs of this action are assessed against the respondent in accordance with Iowa Court Rule 35.25.
LICENSE SUSPENDED.
STREIT, Justice.
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People v. Taylor
People v. Wetmore
Our opinion thus treated evidence introduced at the sanity phase for the purpose of establishing defendant's…
People v. Hamilton
The necessary intent to commit burglary in this case can be inferred from all of the facts and circumstances…
Full title:THE PEOPLE, Plaintiff and Respondent, v. WALTER JEROME TAYLOR, Defendant…
Court:Court of Appeal of California, First District, Division One
Date published: Sep 16, 1963
220 Cal.App.2d 212 (Cal. Ct. App. 1963)
Court of Appeal of California, First District, Division One
entering a building with intent to commit theft
Summary of this case from State v. Barney
Docket No. 4271.
APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of Alameda County. Donald K. Quayle, Judge. Affirmed.
Prosecution for burglary. Judgment of conviction of first degree burglary affirmed.
J.F. Thacher, under appointment by the District Court of Appeal, for Defendant and Appellant.
Stanley Mosk, Attorney General, Albert W. Harris, Jr., Robert R. Granucci, Edward P. O'Brien and Michael J. Phelan, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.
SULLIVAN, J.
Defendant was charged in an information with a violation of section 459 of the Penal Code (burglary). The information also charged two prior felony convictions (auto theft and burglary). Defendant pleaded not guilty and not guilty by reason of insanity, but withdrew the latter plea shortly before trial. He thereafter admitted each of the two prior convictions charged in the information. A jury found defendant guilty of burglary of the first degree. He appeals from the judgment of conviction.
On March 14, 1962, at approximately 4:30 a.m., defendant entered the apartment of one J.A. Jackson in Oakland. The apartment was on the ground floor. Mr. and Mrs. Jackson were asleep in their bedroom when Jackson was awakened by a noise. He heard his bathroom window being raised and also heard the rustle of shower curtains which were hung over the window. The bathroom was across the hall from the bedroom. Jackson saw the bathroom door steadily opening and then saw the figure of the defendant in the doorway. Defendant had a flashlight cupped in his hand, flashed the light a couple of times, stood by the open bedroom door momentarily, and then made his way down the hall in the direction of the living room, flashing the light as he went. At this point, Jackson, who had armed himself with a hunting knife, sprang out of bed, ran after the defendant, apprehended him in the living room and made him sit in a chair. Jackson then awoke his wife who called the police.
Officer Uhrenholt arrived at the apartment and placed defendant under arrest. A second police officer arrived immediately thereafter. Defendant was then searched. He was wearing an army field jacket in the large pocket of which he had placed his shoes. These were the only objects found on his person. The police found no weapons and no money or valuables of any kind. The search therefore established that defendant had taken nothing belonging to the Jacksons. A flashlight and rag were found near him on the floor.
It was subsequently discovered that defendant had made his entry into the bathroom by climbing on a table which he had moved from a neighboring yard.
Officer Uhrenholt took the defendant in a patrol car to the defendant's car which was parked about a block away. In the glove compartment of the latter vehicle, the officer found defendant's wallet, identification papers, wristwatch and other miscellaneous papers. Defendant was sober.
Defendant was the sole witness for the defense. He admitted entering the apartment but stated that his purpose in so doing was "to see Mrs. Jackson." He testified on direct examination that he had no intent to commit any felony or to do anything or to molest Mrs. Jackson in any way. "I went in to see her as a person. I went in to see her just as a person, Mrs. Jackson. That is about the only way I can answer that. . . . I had seen Mrs. Jackson before and I guess mentally I was attracted to her by sight and I guess you would have to say more or less I had a feeling to see her again under any conditions." He further testified that he had seen her previously at a food store and on the street. On cross-examination defendant denied that on the morning of his arrest he had told either Jackson in the latter's apartment or Officer Uhrenholt in the patrol car that two men had forced him to enter the apartment to steal a P-38 revolver.
In rebuttal both Jackson and Uhrenholt testified that defendant had made such a statement to them. Oakland Police Inspector Bias, also called in rebuttal, testified that he had driven past the Jackson apartment with the defendant after the latter's arrest and that when he asked the defendant whether there was "any special reason for picking this place," defendant replied "no, it just looked better." The inspector thereupon asked defendant why he had given "a phony story about two men forcing you into the apartment to get a P-38" to which defendant's reply was "I had to say something."
[1a] The sole question before us is whether the trial court committed prejudicial error in sustaining the People's objection to a question asked defendant by defense counsel (not his counsel on this appeal) as to whether he had ever undergone any psychiatric treatment. Defendant does not question the sufficiency of the evidence to support the verdict.
Direct examination of defendant was relatively brief, covering only four pages in the transcript. After narrating his entry and apprehension, defendant testified that when he entered the building he had no intent to commit any felony and that he entered to see Mrs. Jackson, explaining this in testimony set forth by us above. Immediately after the first part of his explanation, the following took place: "Q. Let me ask you this, Mr. Taylor. Have you ever undergone any psychiatric treatment? MR. BALDWIN: Object, Your Honor. That is separate proceedings. THE COURT: That is separate proceedings. There is no plea of not guilty by reason of insanity. MR. HOFFMAN: Your Honor, on this matter the claim here is not one of not guilty by reason of insanity but attempt to show the background and motive and intent of this man. THE COURT: That is all right but whether he is psychotic is something different." Defendant then proceeded with a further explanation as to why he wanted to see Mrs. Jackson. The direct examination then concluded with a statement by defendant that he had been charged with a violation of a Penal Code section involving "Peeping Tom." [2] Defendant was charged in the information with entering the building "with the intent to commit theft." This specific intent was an essential element of the crime ( People v. Morlock (1956) 46 Cal.2d 141, 146 [ 292 P.2d 897]) and therefore a material issue in the case. It was incumbent upon the People to prove that the entry was made with the requisite specific intent ( People v. Wilson (1958) 158 Cal.App.2d 553, 555 [ 322 P.2d 966]; People v. Garcia (1958) 166 Cal.App.2d 141, 143 [ 333 P.2d 69]) although this could be proved circumstantially, such intent being rarely susceptible of direct proof ( People v. Nichols (1961) 196 Cal.App.2d 223, 227 [ 16 Cal.Rptr. 328]; People v. Garcia, supra).
The record does not further enlighten us. The reference is probably to either Penal Code section 647, subdivision 12, as it existed prior to the 1961 repeal or section 647, subdivision (g), as enacted in 1961.
[3] Defendant contends that the evidence offered was relevant on the issue of his specific intent and therefore admissible. "The general test of relevancy of indirect evidence is whether it tends logically, naturally, and by reasonable inference to prove or disprove a material issue." ( People v. Jones (1954) 42 Cal.2d 219, 222 [ 266 P.2d 38], citing inter alia People v. Peete (1946) 28 Cal.2d 306, 315 [ 169 P.2d 924].) [4] In the case of a crime involving specific intent, the jury is called upon to determine the existence of such nonobjective fact, i.e., the specific intent or state of mind and must therefore be as completely informed as possible of all the circumstances connected with the offense which manifest such intention. ( People v. Wells (1949) 33 Cal.2d 330, 356 [ 202 P.2d 53].) Hence under his plea of not guilty, the defendant may present any evidence, not amounting to proof of legal insanity, which tends to prove the specific intent or state of mind involved. ( People v. Wells, supra, 33 Cal.2d 330, 346-358; People v. Jones, supra, 42 Cal.2d 219, 223, 226; People v. Gorshen (1959) 51 Cal.2d 716, 732-733 [ 336 P.2d 492]; People v. Gibson (1949) 92 Cal.App.2d 55, 67 [ 206 P.2d 375].) This includes the testimony of a psychiatrist. (See, e.g., Wells, Jones and Gorshen, supra.)
[5] We think therefore that the trial court was in error in its apparent ruling that evidence of the psychiatric treatment of the defendant was not admissible except under a plea of not guilty by reason of insanity. Nevertheless this does not necessarily mean that the evidence which was offered by the defendant was erroneously excluded, since it must appear that it was relevant on the issue of specific intent. We are not convinced that the meager and somewhat unclear record before us establishes such relevancy. It discloses, as we have already set forth, that in the midst of the defendant's explanation as to why he entered the building, defendant was asked if he had "ever undergone any psychiatric treatment." The question is certainly ex abrupto under the circumstances of the examination. No prefatory question or remarks of counsel shed any light on it. Its language is general, specifying neither the particular treatment nor the particular mental disorder of the defendant to which the alleged treatment was directed. The question on its face gives no suggestion that the evidence sought to be elicited would tend to prove that the defendant entered the apartment for reasons consistent with his theory of defense. We think that defendant should have made his question more specific. Defendant made no attempt to do this or to pursue the subject further.
As already indicated, the record on this point is not clear. After defense counsel stated that his purpose was to show motive and intent, the court responded "[ t] hat is all right but whether he is psychotic is something different." (Italics added.) We cannot conclude from this that the court completely shut off this line of inquiry.
Furthermore we point out that no argument can be made on this record that the court should have permitted defendant to answer the question on the ground that it was preliminary. Such claim might have some validity if, for example, the purpose of the question was merely to establish the fact of psychiatric treatment and identify the psychiatrist preparatory to his eventual production as a witness. But this is not the record. Defendant did not call a psychiatrist (cf. Wells, Jones and Gorshen, supra) and at no time indicated to the court below that he intended to do so. Indeed, defendant makes no claim before us that such was his intention and that the controversial question was merely a preliminary one.
[1b] Assuming arguendo that the court should have permitted the defendant to answer the question, we fail to see how under all the circumstances he was prejudiced thereby. He had testified directly that he had no intent to commit theft or any felony and gave an explanation as to his alleged purpose in entering the apartment. There appears to have been little else that he himself could have added. While he might have testified that he had undergone psychiatric treatment, he could not have testified to any doctor's diagnosis of his condition, which would have been hearsay, or given a medical opinion himself. He made no offer to qualify himself as an expert. Nor did he make an offer, or give any indication that he intended to produce a psychiatrist as a witness on his behalf. Indeed, based on what is before us, it is fair conclusion that he had no intention at any time to call a psychiatrist. Defendant has made no such claim either in his briefs or on oral argument.
As we have pointed out, evidence was received of contradictory statements made by defendant as to the purpose of his entering the apartment. All in all, the jury could have justifiably regarded his story as preposterous. The case was by no means a close one. After a review of the entire case, including the evidence, we are of the opinion that it is not reasonably probable that the jury's verdict would have been different if the defendant had been permitted to answer the question involved. ( People v. Watson (1956) 46 Cal.2d 818, 836 [ 299 P.2d 243].)
Bray, P.J., and Molinari, J., concurred.
Appellant's petition for a hearing by the Supreme Court was denied November 13, 1963.
In People v. Taylor, 220 Cal.App.2d 212, 33 Cal.Rptr. 654 (1963), a question very similar to the one considered here was before the California court. The appellant was charged and convicted of entering a building with intent to commit theft.
Summary of this case from State v. Carter
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Examination of Potentially Ectoparasite-driven Behavior in Burrowing Owls: Tests of Alternative Hypotheses
Abstract: Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia) and their nests harbor at least 39 species of arthropods from 21 different families. Among the ectoparasites on Burrowing Owls are fleas, which are primarily Pulex irritans (Family Pulicidae), the human flea. Fleas can number in the hundreds on individual Burrowing Owls. Thus, we hypothesized that flea infestation has shaped Burrowing Owl behavior to avoid the costs of ectoparasitism. As part of experiments using infrared trail cameras deployed at Burrowing Owl nests in southern Idaho ¬¬during 2012-2013, we noticed apparent sunning behavior in both adult and nestling Burrowing Owls. Camera images captured owls lying on the ground with wings outstretched and flat. We only observed this behavior during daylight hours, although cameras were active for 24 h/day. Sunbathing in birds is often associated with ectoparasite reduction, although sunning has not previously been examined in relation to flea infestation. During 2014 we conducted an experiment that included fumigating some nests with a flea removing insecticide and examined the prediction that sunbathing would occur more frequently in control nests where ectoparasites remained. As sunning was not during the coolest parts of the day, it did not appear to function for warming. Also, we ultimately found no difference in the frequency of sunning in fumigated and control nests, and there was no relationship between sunning and abundance of fleas on owls. Thus, the evidence is not consistent with the ectoparasite hypothesis, as owls sunned irrespective of flea load. We also evaluated the alternative hypotheses that sunning was related to thermoregulation, anting, drying or feather degrading bacteria. The first three we were able to reject, and the last will need future research.
Major: Biology
Authors: Skyler Wysocki
The Effects of Varying Wavelengths of Light on Diatom Movement
Abstract: Diatoms were studied in order to determine in which wavelength of light they would be most active. It was surmised this knowledge would allow easier testing of future diatom movement hypotheses. This knowledge could, in turn, allow control over diatom movement in order to prevent or circumvent hazardous diatom blooms. Specimens were studied using a Parco scientific microscope in a dark room. They were studied both with and without cover slips to ensure the cover slips did not hinder movement. Sheets of high quality color transparency paper were laid over the microscope light, producing a single, strong color. In the end, the diatoms didn’t move at all, no matter the circumstances. The diatoms could have had no reason for movement or have been restricted by the small amount of water on the microscope slide due to the vast difference between the slide and the diatoms’ natural environment.
File Attachments: Diatoms.docx
Authors: Eric Swiecki
White-tailed Deer Browse Preference: A Comparative Study of the Catskill and Adirondack Mountain Regions, New York State
Abstract: Abundant white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in New York State, United States, affect forest regeneration and stand composition through feeding (browse) pressure. White-tailed deer browse preference of six different hardwood tree species in two mountain ranges, the Catskill and Adirondack Mountains, within New York State were compared in order to determine the extent of browse selection by deer. There were no statistically different browse selection by white-tailed deer within the Catskills or Adirondack study area or between each study site. Visual analysis of the study areas after concluding the study revealed that red maple (Acer rubrum) was the preferred browse species at each study site.
Major: Biology, Natural Resources Management and Policy
File Attachments: Title, abstract, TOC , Report
Authors: John MacNaught, Blaine Kenyon, Mark Staats, Travis Boucher, Noah Finlayson-Gesten
Would an underpass/tunnel on Keese Mills Road decrease the percentage of amphibian mortality due to road mortality?
Abstract: Road Mortality has had a huge impact on Amphibian populations worldwide. Several options are available to help maintain and preserve migrating populations across roadways. One method that is looked at during this study is underpass and fencing. In this study, I assessed the need for an underpass and if it could help reduce the amount of amphibian’s mortality by traffic and, if an underpass is necessary, properly predict a location. I also looked at if underpasses alone could reduce the mortality of amphibians. I constructed arrays and pitfall traps to simulate an underpass on Keese Mills Road at Paul Smiths and Santa Clara, Franklin County New York. I predicted that underpass would decrease the amount of amphibian being slayed. I also predicted that certain locations would have more usage then others. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the location of the sites and whether they would be used by the amphibians. The results also showed that there was no correlation between the species that were captured and the species that were killed.
Authors: Jorge Velazquez
Environmental Factors Influencing the Establishment of Moss Species in the Elevator Shaft on Whiteface Mountain: A Descriptive Study
Abstract: The moss species growing in the elevator shaft on Whiteface Mountain have not yet been identified and little is known on the environmental conditions in which they exist. Light, moisture, substrate pH, and temperature play vital roles in the establishment and reproduction of moss. In the summer of 2015 eight moss species, present only in their gametophyte generation, were identified in the shaft. Four of these species are known to exist on the mountain outside of the elevator shaft. Temperature and relative humidity were measured to represent the conditions of the shaft, whereas available light, moisture, and substrate pH were measured with each colony. Temperature and humidity became more stable further into the shaft, similar to that of a cave environment. In addition, temperature peaked during the hours the elevator was in operation. Light, moisture, and substrate pH of each species were not strongly correlated with colony area. Most colonies were found to be growing on a type of sediment, rather than directly on the granite wall of the shaft. The pH of these substrates ranged between 6.68 and 8.99. The influx of tourists on Whiteface between May and October may play a vital role in the establishment of these species. The elevator may provide air circulation within the shaft and the electric lights omit the radiation necessary for the mosses survival. There is a 6 month period with possibly no light source or circulation of air. Further research should document these changes in environmental conditions during this period.
File Attachments: Capstone Report_Maloney_Moss on Whiteface Mountain
Authors: Danica R. Maloney
White Pine Blister Rust at Paul Smith’s VIC: Concerns and Recommendations
Abstract: Abstract- Blister rust was reported on the Paul Smith’s VIC property. White pine blister rust is a complex disease pathosystem in which Cronartium ribicola – a rust fungus - infects both eastern white pine (Pinus strobus) and species in the Ribes genus. P. strobus is a disturbance species in the Adirondacks. Ribes spp. are early seral stage plants and readily exploit small gaps in the forest. Both are found on the VIC property. C. ribicola limits white pine regeneration, but isn’t currently considered a serious forest pathogen in the Northeast because its spread is limited by environmental, topographic, climatic, and temporal conditions. Despite these limits, blister rust has moved around the globe and has successfully spread across a wide range in the U.S. Because blister rust exists in a dynamic and interconnected world, there exists the potential for it to increase in virulence and incidence. Historically, management of blister rust has involved removing ribes from the landscape in favor of white pine- a scheme that is too costly and yields little long term benefit for landowners. A gap in the knowledge exists for smaller landowners dealing with blister rust. With this considered, based on a wide body of literature, management plans were designed to fit the VIC’s needs now and in the future.
File Attachments: Riquier capstone.docx
Authors: Adam Riquier
An Examination of the Paul Smith’s Visitor Interpretative Center Trail Conditions and Suggested Sustainable Maintenance Practices
Abstract: The Adirondack Park is a 6.4 million acre state park in Upstate New York. With over 2,000 miles of hike able trails, this region is a popular tourist attraction in the Northeast. Thousands of people visit the Adirondack region to hike each year, which means that the trails within the park are subject to high intensity use. Natural resource management professionals such as the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) and the Adirondack Park Agency (APA) are concerned with the quality of trails winding through the region, and also promote awareness of the fragile alpine ecosystems resting atop the 5,000+ ft. tall mountains- which are constantly being degraded by human foot traffic. However, there are smaller and less maintained trails that run through our own backyard here at Paul Smith’s College, at the Visitors Interpretative Center (V.I.C.), with equally as fragile and important ecosystems. These range from bogs to eskers- the home of the rare and interesting Pitcher Plant (Sarracenia purpurea), to wetlands and riverine systems containing native heritage Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), populations such as the Windfall strain. Currently, there is no formal data documenting the condition of trails within the VIC property, therefore one may never know the true condition of the entire trail system. The Paul Smith’s V.I.C. can greatly benefit from applying recommended management techniques in the future using up to date information gathered in the spring of 2015. This report will provide new data, which will help management professionals examine the feasibility of applying accepted current and future sustainable trail management practices to the trails belonging to Paul Smith’s College.
File Attachments: NEWCAPSTONE.docx
Authors: Loretta Buerkle
Acidic Deposition in Adirondack Lakes: Episodic Acidification and Equilibrium
Abstract: Acid deposition has been a historic problem in the Adirondacks. Though after original mitigation attempts were deemed successful, funding for many acid deposition-monitoring programs in the area has been cut or eliminated, and much of the data that has been collected is now old and outdated. Newer data on this issue needed to be collected to determine if there truly has been recovery of Adirondack lakes. Through this observational experiment the pH levels of 18 different lakes scattered around the Adirondacks during winter were examined. The pH levels of the snow around the lakes were examined to determine the levels of acid shock. This data was compared to the historic data available and created a preliminary finding. This comparison helped determine that Adirondack water bodies could possibly be coming to a form of equilibrium as the pH levels are possibly returning to a resemblance of pre-disturbance conditions, which suggests recent legislation may have had measurable successes in the goal of reducing the acidification of Adirondack freshwater ecosystems.
Major: Integrative Studies, Natural Resources Management and Policy
Authors: Timothy Johnston, Andrew Olcott
Tetrodotoxin- toxicity of red efts (Notophthalmus viridescens) based on predatory selection
Abstract: Predators and prey have been coevolving for millions of years; those that have more aggressive relationships undergo more extreme selection as they become paired in an evolutionary arms race. This selection must affect both organisms to truly be an arms race; a relationship that accurately fits these criteria is that of the Eastern Red-Spotted Newt (red-efts) (Notophthalmus viridescens) and the Eastern Hognose Snake (Heterodon platirhinos). Samples of tetrodotoxin (TTX) extracted from red-efts were used to analyze a potential relationship between the efts and resistant predatory species. The values acquired upon analysis of samples were recorded from a population of organisms in an area vacant of the hognose and can be compared to areas where both species reside. Samples came from eighteen red-efts in a wetland located in the southeastern portion of the Adirondack Park where there are no known populations of the hognose snake. These samples were processed using various ELSIA grade chemicals, a procedure that concluded with ELSIA assays applicable for comparison to a set standard. By performing this study we hope to attain data pertaining to tetrodotoxin levels in red-efts that reflect an environment which does not contain hognose snakes, presented in the form of low levels of the specified toxin.
Authors: Sarah Desrosier
Assessing Activities and Policies to Improve Outing Club Participation
Abstract: College outing clubs have proven to be very beneficial for college students of all ages and fields of study. Research shows that outing programs, outdoor education programs, and adventure education programs can have a terrific impact on student’s mental, physical, and spiritual health. This study aims to assess activities and policies that could potentially increase participation in the outing club of Paul Smiths College in the Adirondack Mountains of Upstate New York. The questions this study intends to answer are: 1.) What types of activities will cause an increase in participation? 2.) What types of qualifications & experience should be required of guides and group leaders? and 3.) What can we do to increase organization or professionalism of our program? Using surveys, interviews, and credible sources, this study collected data from successful college outing clubs, the Paul Smith’s student body, and professionals in the field of recreation and summarized it into one collection of results with intentions of exposing ways to increase participation in the program and increase professionalism and organization of the program. Results exposed reoccurring themes regarding expectations for guide training, activities provided through other successful programs, and activities suggested by the student body. The student body survey revealed high support of technical skills seminars to teach students technical backcountry skills in a shorter period of time, and a high demand for high intensity activities such as white water rafting. Many responses supported the fact that in order to increase popularity in a program, the activities need to be demanding enough that individuals aren’t likely to partake in the activity without prior organization and qualified leadership. The results and data found in this study can be used in the future to develop outing club policies and procedures to aid in the success of the program.
File Attachments:
Authors: Richard DeLong
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About Us Benefits Diversity People Open Jobs Company Information
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Jacksonville, Florida - 32256
Set up a Job Alert to be notified when Nemours posts new jobs.
Nemours is committed to improving the health of children. As a non-profit children’s health organization, we consider the health of every child to be a sacred trust. Through family-centered care in our children’s hospitals and clinics in Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Florida, as well as world-changing research, education and advocacy, Nemours fulfills the promise of a healthier tomorrow for all children — even those who may never enter our doors. Nemours began more than 70 years ago with the vision of Alfred I. duPont to improve the lives of children and to do whatever it takes to prevent and treat even the most disabling childhood conditions. Today, through our children’s hospitals and health system, we directly care for 250,000 children annually in Delaware Valley and Florida, including families who travel from across the country and world to see our specialists — treating every child as we would our own. We also reach beyond the walls of our hospitals and clinics to be a voice for children on a national and international level, and to lead the way in prevention, intervention, education, and research. Nemours is growing to better serve the children and families in our care. We have 1.1 million square feet of space currently devoted to providing children’s healthcare or under construction, all designed with significant input and advice from our patients and families.
Nemours offers comprehensive health coverage (medical, prescription, and dental) for Associates and their families (also same-sex domestic partners) including our unique pediatric health plan “Bridge to a Healthy Future.” Associates who work 30 hours or more per week pay only a small portion of the monthly premium for health benefits. Associates who work between 20–29 hours per week are eligible for benefits, but pay a larger portion of premiums. Life insurance (basic life and AD&D) coverage is paid by Nemours.
The outstanding quality of our health care for children is dependent upon and strengthened by the diversity of our Associates. Regardless of race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, veteran status or other protected status, Nemours affords equal opportunity to all qualified Associates and applicants for employment. We stand together in our dedication to the health and well-being of all children, embracing their diversity as well.
Our team of more than 4,600 dedicated Associates has cared for millions of kids and their families in our world-class pediatric health system of hospitals and specialty clinics located across the Delaware Valley and Florida. As a Nemours Associate, you’ll have the opportunity to collaborate across disciplines, pursue your passion for excellence in children’s health care, and advance professionally as you work alongside some of the country’s top pediatric practitioners.
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← Blessed Serra described as missionary ‘on fire’ heeding Christ’s call
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Chicago Archdiocese to benchmark all of its buildings for energy efficiency
Posted on July 28, 2015 by Administrator1
Gina McCarthy, administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, addresses the media alongside Archbishop Blase J. Cupich of Chicago July 24 after touring Old St. Mary’s School in Chicago. (CNS/Karen Callaway, Catholic New World)
(Updated July 28)
By Joyce Duriga Catholic News Service
CHICAGO (CNS) — Archbishop Blase J. Cupich has set a goal of benchmarking all 2,700 buildings in the Archdiocese of Chicago to ensure that they are as energy efficient as possible.
He announced the goal during a July 24 news conference at Old St. Mary’s School on Michigan Avenue.
The news conference was held after Chicago’s archbishop toured the school with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Administrator Gina McCarthy.
“While it is a considerable undertaking, we have to set an example that it can be done and must be done if we are to fulfill our sustainability goals,” Archbishop Cupich said of the benchmarking goal.
“Let’s be honest, this entire effort to protect the environment for future generations will involve some very difficult choices in the future,” he said. “However, those choices will be less difficult if we all do what we can now to protect our common home.”
It is an effort to answer Pope Francis’ call in his encyclical on the environment, “Laudato Si’, on Care for Our Common Home,” the archbishop said.
Through benchmarking, churches, schools and other buildings will be evaluated for their water usage, energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions. Data will be tracked using the EPA’s free Energy Star Portfolio Manager.
McCarthy applauded the archdiocese’s efforts, saying it is “answering the pope’s call.”
This February, she noted, the Chicago Archdiocese partnered with the Energy Star program as part of its “commitment to climate action.”
“And with this step they’ve become the first U.S. archdiocese to commit to benchmarking and tracking energy and water emission performance,” she said. “We’re hoping they are setting the example for faith communities across the country to follow.”
Some buildings in the archdiocese are already eco-friendly. For example, St. Joseph College Seminary, completed in 2012, holds a gold LEED certification — LEED stands for Leadership in Energy &Environmental Design.” It also has a green roof and high efficiency lighting control and heating systems.
In addition, the field operations center for Resurrection Cemetery has been heated with a solar system since 1978.
Old St. Mary’s School itself was built in 2011 as an eco-friendly building. Solar panels on the roof help generate electricity for the school. In the summer months, when school is out, the building receives an average of 40 percent of its energy from the panels.
Archbishop Cupich praised his predecessor, the late Cardinal Francis E. George, for beginning the work to make the archdiocese more energy efficient. For the past three and a half years, the archdiocese’s facilities office has worked with parishes and with schools to make them more energy efficient with projects related to boilers and heating.
Chicago parishes have received a little more than $1 million in rebates from Peoples Gas since 2011. Those rebates go toward paying for highly energy efficient systems. In the suburbs the archdiocese works with Nicor Gas and parishes have earned $183,000 in rebates. An estimated 28 percent of parishes — 97 of 350 — have participated in the utility rebate program in the Peoples/North Shore Gas and Nicor Gas territories.
The new boiler and heating systems must meet certain criteria before they can receive a rebate. The money for the rebates comes from a “tax” on energy bills.
Typically a new hot water or steam boiler is installed along with high-efficiency burners, steam traps, insulators and heating system controls. Parishes often see about a 25 percent reduction in costs after installing the new systems.
All of these efforts are fundamental to the Catholic Church’s social teaching on caring for our common home and our neighbors, Archbishop Cupich said.
“Those who do not think religious organizations should have an opinion on climate change misunderstand the purpose of the former and the moral dimensions of the latter. We are called to care for those sickened by pollution, house those displaced by environmental calamities and heal the spirits of those, especially our youth, who are disheartened by a world where human survival is now in question,” he said.
“We are eager to be part of the solution, but we share the burdens of an aging infrastructure, limited funds and increasing need with the other organizations represented here” he said. “Nothing less than a re-ordering of priorities will make a difference.”
Archbishop Cupich and McCarthy, in a joint opinion piece published in the Chicago Sun-Times July 24, said that “the fight against climate change isn’t a sprint — it’s a marathon.”
“But with continued leadership and committed action from the archdiocese, from Chicago, and from congregations and communities across America, we can turn the challenge of climate change into an opportunity to build a cleaner, healthier, more prosperous future,” they wrote.
“A month ago, Pope Francis asked, ‘What kind of world do we want to leave to those who come after us, to children who are now growing up? We all know the answer, and that’s why we’re working together — faith leaders, public officials and private citizens — to make it a reality.”
Duriga is editor of the Catholic New World, newspaper of the Archdiocese of Chicago.
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← Before Brexit vote, liturgy highlights plight of refugees
Supreme Court tie vote blocks temporary plan to stop deportations →
Unity, honor and hope on pope’s agenda for Armenia
Posted on June 23, 2016 by Administrator1
Pope Francis arrives to greet pilgrims in St. Peter’s Square at the Vatican last year. (CNS/Paul Haring)
By Cindy Wooden
VATICAN CITY (CNS) — Pope Francis said he would travel to Armenia June 24-26 to promote closer bonds with the Armenian Orthodox church, honor the Armenian people’s steadfast faith in the face of tragedy and support them in their efforts to build a peaceful future.
In a video message transmitted June 22 on Armenian television, the pope said he admires the Armenian people but also shares their pain over the difficult moments of the country’s history and its people.
In more than 1,700 years as an officially Christian nation, he said, “you have found in the cross of Christ and in your genius the strength always to rise again even from the sufferings that were among the most terrible that history recalls.” The remarks were an obvious reference to what is widely known as the Armenian Genocide when 1.5 million Armenians were killed by Ottoman Turks in 1915-18.
However, he said, “we must not allow painful memories to take possession of our hearts. Even in the face of repeated assaults of evil, we cannot give up.”
Connecting with Armenia’s traditional attachment to the story of Noah’s Ark, which according to legend came to rest on Mount Ararat, which is now in neighboring Turkey, Pope Francis told the people that they should be like Noah, “who after the flood never tired of looking toward the heavens and kept releasing doves.”
When a dove finally returned carrying an olive branch, he said, Noah knew “that life could begin again and hope could be revived.”
The pope said he would visit Armenia “as a pilgrim in this jubilee year to draw from the ancient wisdom of your people and drink from the springs of your faith.”
As a guest of the patriarch of the Armenian Apostolic Church, Catholicos Karekin II, Pope Francis said he hoped to “strengthen our communion” and “advance on the path of reconciliation.”
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Iraq, ISIS, Islam, Middle East, NWO, Politics, Terrorism, War
More Bad News For Baghdad — 115 Killed In ISIS Attack
Date: July 4, 2016Author: lance goodall 0 Comments
SUSANNAH GEORGE and SINAN SALAHEDDIN ap story Jul. 3, 2016 3:18 PM EDT
Deadliest attack in a year kills 115 in central Baghdad — now updated to 165
BAGHDAD (AP) — A devastating truck bombing on a bustling commercial street in downtown Baghdad killed 115 people early Sunday, brutally underscoring the Islamic State group’s ability to strike the capital despite a string of battlefield losses elsewhere in the country.
It was the deadliest terror attack in Iraq in a year and one of the worst single bombings in more than a decade of war and insurgency, and it fueled anger toward Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi.
When al-Abadi visited the site of the suicide blast in the city’s Karada district, a furious mob surrounded his convoy, yelling expletives, hurling rocks and shoes and calling him a “thief.”
Many Iraqis blame their political leadership for lapses in security in Baghdad that have allowed large amounts of explosives to make their way past multiple checkpoints and into neighborhoods packed with civilians.
Karada, a mostly Shiite section, is lined with clothing and jewelry stores, restaurants and cafes. The blast struck during the holy month of Ramadan, with the streets and sidewalks filled with young people and families after they had broken their daylight fast.
Eleven people were missing and 187 were wounded, authorities said. Many of the victims were women and children who were inside a multi-story shopping and amusement mall. Dozens burned to death or suffocated, a police officer said.
IS swiftly claimed responsibility in a statement posted online, saying the organization had targeted Shiites. The Associated Press could not verify the authenticity of the statement, but it was posted on a militant website commonly used by the extremists.
A second bombing early Sunday on another busy commercial street in a Shiite-dominated neighborhood, this one in east Baghdad, killed five people and wounded 16, authorities said. There was no immediate claim of responsibility.
Hospital and police officials provided the death tolls and spoke on condition of anonymity.
Iraqi forces, supported by U.S.-led coalition airstrikes, have secured a string of victories against IS over the past year and a half, retaking the cities of Tikrit, Ramadi and Fallujah, which was declared fully liberated from the extremist group just over a week ago.
But IS has repeatedly demonstrated the ability to carry out large-scale operations in territory removed from the front-line fighting.
Iraqi officials have repeatedly linked the operation to retake Fallujah to improving security in and around Baghdad, citing the large numbers of bomb factories uncovered in Fallujah, less than an hour drive west of the capital.
However, within Baghdad, security forces that screen for explosives at the ubiquitous checkpoints in and around the city often rely on electronic wands that have been repeatedly discredited.
And security across the capital is fragmented. Baghdad is handled by an array of armed groups that are allied with the government but also loyal to political parties or militias and often do not coordinate or share information.
By early Sunday evening, the crowd at the Karada site had grown, but the yelling had largely ceased.
Exhausted family members sat on sidewalks silently awaiting news of missing loved ones as others began to hang freshly printed death notices for the police officers and shop owners killed. Young people lit candles on street corners.
Karim Sami, a 35-year-old street vendor in Karada, was just leaving work when the blast shook the ground beneath him. He said he saw a fireball rise from the blast site and immediately began trying to call his family and friends, but none of his calls went through.
Hours later he discovered one of his friends had been killed, one was wounded and another was missing.
“We are in a state of war,” Sami said, but “the security can’t focus on the war (against IS) and forget Baghdad.”
It was the deadliest bombing in Iraq since July 2015, when a truck bombing in eastern Diyala province killed at least 115 people.
While the U.S.-led coalition conducts police training in Iraq as part of the battle against IS, the vast majority of resources go toward fighting the extremist group on the front lines.
U.S. Army Col. Christopher Garver said that while the coalition and Iraq are concerned about the Islamic State’s insurgent abilities, the current anti-IS effort “is more of a conventional fight.”
Before announcing the operation to retake Fallujah in late May, al-Abadi faced growing unrest sparked in part by anger at the state of security in the capital. In one month, Baghdad’s highly fortified Green Zone, which houses government buildings and diplomatic missions, was stormed twice by anti-government protesters.
Al-Abadi issued a statement Sunday condemning the attack and describing the loss of life as a “painful tragedy” that “robbed Iraqis of the delight of their victories against the reprehensible (Islamic State group) in Fallujah.”
“These attacks only strengthen our resolve to support Iraqi security forces as they continue to take back territory from ISIL, just as we continue to intensify our efforts to root out ISIL’s terrorist network and leaders,” White House National Security Council spokesman Ned Price said in a statement, referring to IS by an alternative acronym.
At the height of the extremist group’s power in 2014, IS had driven the government from control across nearly one-third of Iraqi territory. Now the militants are estimated to control only 14 percent, according to the prime minister’s office.
Associated Press writers Murtada Faraj, Ali Abdulhassan and Khalid Mohammed in Baghdad and Maamoun Youssef in Cairo contributed to this report.
115 killed200 injuredact of terrorismangryBaghdadDeadGovernmentIraqISISmourningPrime Minister Haider al-Abadi.RamadanStreets
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Happy Birthday Chris Colfer
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Amy Winehouse Documentary: Watch The 1st Official Trailer
On May 8th we showed you the first official clip from the documentary “Amy” (watch here). Today we show you the 1st official trailer from the highly controversial Amy Winehouse documentary: The documentary is set to be released on July 3 in the U.K.
Find out what Sam Smith get for his birthday
Sam Smith turns 23 years old today. The British artist was born on May 19, 1992. While recovering from his vocal cords surgery (read here), Sam received a very special present from his sisters: My sisters are actually the fucking BEST. They got me authentic Harry Potter wands!!!!!!!!!!...
17 May was a day of awesome moments and performances at the stage of 2015 Billboard Music Awards. This Sunday at the MGM Grand Garden Arena we could watch a show that ir worth a rewind. The biggest winner of the night was Taylor Swift who brought home 8 of...
Finally!! Bad Blood is out
After a month of hype around “Bad Blood” video, Swift finally unveiled her music video on Sunday in the 2015 Billboard Music Awards. One thing is sure: Taylor knows how to keep her fans interested. For one month Taylor was releasing information about her 20 bad-ass besties that will co-star...
Frank Sinatra | The Legend
On this day in 1998, The Legend himself Frank Sinatra died of a heart attack at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles aged 82. Francis Albert "Frank" Sinatra was an American singer, actor, director and producer born in Hoboken, New Jersey. Sinatra begun his career in 1935 in the swing...
“Crazy Youngsters” from “Pitch Perfect 2”
“Crazy Youngsters”, the new music video from “Pitch Perfect 2”, counts with the participation of some Pitch Perfect cast members and fans, YouTubers and Viners. During the video we can watch them partying and enjoying the music in different cities across the world. The singer and actress Ester Dean who...
Vance Joy's ‘Riptide' Sets Record
The Australian singer-songwriter Vance Joy is setting records with his single “Riptide”. The hit won the record for the most weeks in the Top 100 of Australia’s singles chart. “Riptide” has now spent 107 consecutive weeks on the ARIA Singles Chart (Australian Recording Industry Association). With this achievement Vance beats...
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Bowling Green Mid-American Conference
By The Associated Press - Sep. 03, 2020 10:42 AM EDT
1933 — Fred Perry wins his first U.S. men’s singles title with a 6-3, 11-13, 4-6, 6-0, 6-1 victory over Australian Jack Crawford.
1961 — Australia’s Roy Emerson upsets countryman Rod Laver to win the U.S. Lawn Tennis Association championship. Darlene Hard wins the women’s title for the second straight year.
1962 — Rod Laver becomes the first man since Don Budge in 1938 to win the Grand Slam beating Roy Emerson 6-2, 6-4, 5-7, 6-4, at the U.S. Open. Margaret Smith becomes the first Australian woman to win the U.S. Open with a 9-7, 6-4 win over Darlene Hard.
1966 — Muhammad Ali knocks out Karl Mildenberger in the 12th round in Frankfurt, Germany, to retain his world heavyweight title.
1967 — John Newcombe beats Clark Graebner to win the men’s title in the U.S. Lawn Tennis Association championships. Billie Jean King wins the singles, doubles and mixed doubles championships. King, who also swept the three titles at Wimbledon, is the first to accomplish the feat of two sweeps in the same year since Alice Marble in 1939.
1972 — The United States men’s basketball team loses its first game in Olympic competition. The Soviet Union wins 51-50 with the help of a controversial ending. Dr. William Jones, secretary general of the International Amateur Basketball Federation, tells the referees to have the players replay the final three seconds and the Soviets score a last-second bucket. The Americans, who had the lead when the buzzer sounded the first time, protest in vain. The U.S. team later refuses to accept the silver medal.
1972 — Ilie Nastase trailing two sets to one and facing break point at 1-3 in the fourth set, comes back to defeat Arthur Ashe, 3-6, 6-3, 6-7, 6-4, 6-3, for the U.S. Open men’s singles title.
1977 — Chris Evert beats Wendy Turnbull 7-6, 6-2 to capture the U.S. Open title for the third straight year.
1978 — Jimmy Connors becomes the only player to win the U.S. Open on three different surfaces, with a 6-4, 6-2, 6-2 win over Bjorn Borg. Connors wins the first men’s final played on the Deco Turf II courts at the new USTA National Tennis Center. Connors had won the 1974 U.S. Open on grass and the 1976 U.S. Open on clay courts.
1983 — Martina Navratilova wins her first U.S. Open women’s singles championship, beating Chris Evert Lloyd 6-1, 6-3.
1988 — Steffi Graf becomes the third women to complete the Grand Slam, defeating Gabriela Sabatini 6-3, 3-6, 6-1 in the U.S. Open.
1989 — Boris Becker wins his first U.S. Open by beating top-seeded Ivan Lendl 7-6, 1-6, 6-3, 7-6 in a four-hour struggle in sweltering heat. Lendl, who won three straight Open titles from 1985-87, tied an Open record with his eighth consecutive final, something Bill Tilden did from 1918-25.
1993 — Pernell Whitaker and Julio Cesar Chavez fight to a majority draw. Two judges score the fight 115-115 and the third scores the fight 115-113 for Whitaker. It’s the first blemish on Chavez’s record who was 87-0 entering the bout.
1994 — Arantxa Sanchez-Vicario becomes the first Spanish woman to win the U.S. Open when she beats Steffi Graf, 1-6, 7-6 (3), 6-4.
1995 — Pete Sampras wins his third U.S. Open men’s singles title, taking down the No. 1 seed and defending champion Andre Agassi, 6-4, 6-3, 4-6, 7-5.
1995 — Fuad Reveiz of the Minnesota Vikings sets an NFL record for consecutive field goals, converting from 32 and 27 yards to give him 30 in a row.
1997 — Mark McGwire joins Babe Ruth as the only players in major league history with consecutive 50-homer seasons by hitting a 446-foot shot off Shawn Estes in the third inning of St. Louis’ game against at San Francisco. Ruth’s 50-homer seasons came in 1927 and 1928.
1998 — The NBA calls off a game because of a labor dispute for the first time in its history. The Oct. 12 exhibition in Tel Aviv between the Miami Heat and Israel’s No. 1 team, Maccabi Elite, is called off because of the lockout imposed by the owners.
2000 — Arizona’s Randy Johnson becomes the 12th player to reach the 3,000 strikeout plateau, fanning a season-high 14 in seven innings as the Diamondbacks lost to Florida 4-3 in 12 innings.
2000 — Marat Safin stuns four-time U.S. Open champion Pete Sampras, 6-4, 6-3, 6-3, to become the first Russian to win the U.S. Open men’s singles championship.
2004 — Zippy Chippy, thoroughbred racing’s lovable loser, makes it 0-for-100 when he finishes last in an eight-horse field at the Three-County Fairgrounds in Northampton, Mass.
2005 — Andre Agassi, 35, outlasts 22-year-old baseliner Robby Ginepri in five sets at the U.S. Open and become the oldest Grand Slam finalist in 31 years. Kim Clijsters captures the first Grand Slam singles title in her fifth appearance in a Grand Slam final, defeating Mary Pierce, 6-3, 6-1.
2006 — Roger Federer defeats Andy Roddick 6-2, 4-6, 7-5, 6-1 in the U.S. Open final for his third major championship this year and ninth of his career. Federer becomes the first man ever to win back-to-back Wimbledon and U.S. Open crowns for three straight years.
2006 — Peyton Manning and the Indianapolis Colts make fewer mistakes than Eli Manning and the New York Giants in the first NFL game to feature two brothers starting at quarterback. Big brother Peyton is 25-of-41 for 276 yards and a touchdown and the Colts score on five of their first seven possessions to defeat Eli and the Giants 26-21.
2006 — Chicago barely lets Brett Favre touch the ball, shutting out the three-time MVP for the first time in his 16-year pro career, in a 26-0 win over Green Bay.
2010 — The Bryan brothers win their ninth Grand Slam title, derailing the “Indo-Pak Express” doubles team of India’s Rohan Bopanna and Pakistan’s Aisam-Ul-Haq Qureshi in the men’s doubles final at the U.S. Open. Bob and Mike Bryan capture their third title at Flushing Meadows and 65th overall with a 7-6 (5), 7-6 (4) victory.
2011 — Vitali Klitschko defeats Polish challenger Tomasz Adamek by technical knockout to retain his WBC heavyweight title in Wroclaw, Poland. The fight is stopped 2 minutes, 20 seconds into the 10th round.
2011 — Alan Moore, a 61-year-old Vietnam veteran and grandfather of five, becomes the oldest player ever to get in a college football game when he kicks an extra point for NAIA Faulkner in its season-opener.
2012 — Andy Murray wins the U.S. Open in five grueling sets to become the first British man since 1936 to capture a Grand Slam title. Murray beats defending champion Novak Djokovic 7-6 (10), 7-5, 2-6, 3-6, 6-2 in his fifth try in the final of a major tournament.
2012 — Jiyai Shin makes a two-putt par on the ninth hole of a playoff and beats Paula Creamer to win the Kingsmill Championship, ending the longest playoff between two players in LPGA Tour history. The players play the 18th hole eight times trying to break the tie before darkness forced suspension of play a day eralier.
2013 — Thomas Bach is elected president of the International Olympic Committee, keeping the powerful sports body in European hands. Bach, a 59-year-old German lawyer, succeeds Jacques Rogge, the Belgian who is stepping down after 12 years.
2013 — Detroit defensive tackle Ndamukong Suh is fined $100,000 by the NFL for his illegal low block on Minnesota center John Sullivan in the Lions’ season-opening victory on Sept. 8.
1886 — The Mayflower defends the America’s Cup by beating Britain’s Galatea in two straight heats.
1926 — The United States captures the Davis Cup for the seventh straight year as it beats France 4-1.
1935 — Helen Hull Jacobs wins the U.S. Lawn Tennis Association championships for the fourth straight year.
1937 — Don Budge beats Gottfried von Cramm in five sets to win his first U.S. Open men’s singles title.
1976 — In the third race at Latonia, jockey John Oldham and his wife, Suzanne Picou, became the first husband and wife riding team to compete in a parimutuel race. Oldham finished second aboard Harvey’s Hope and Picou rode My Girl Carla to an 11th-place finish.
1977 — In the last U.S. Open match played at the West Side Tennis Club in Forest Hills, N.Y., Guillermo Vilas beats Jimmy Connors, 2-6, 6-3, 7-6, 6-0, for the men’s singles title
1982 — Chris Evert wins her sixth U.S. Open singles title, defeating Hana Mandlikova, 6-3, 6-1.
1982 — In a 23-16 loss to Illinois, Rolf Mojsiejunko of Michigan State kicks a 61-yard field goal in his first collegiate attempt.
1983 — Jimmy Connors wins his second consecutive and fifth overall singles title at the US Open, beating Ivan Lendl, 6-3, 6-7, 7-5, 6-0.
1985 — Pete Rose of the Cincinnati Reds becomes the all-time hit leader with his 4,192nd hit, breaking Ty Cobb’s record. Rose lines a 2-1 pitch off San Diego pitcher Eric Show to left-center field for a single in the first inning. It’s the 57th anniversary of Ty Cobb’s last game in the majors.
1988 — Mats Wilander wins the longest men’s final in U.S. Open history, edging Ivan Lendl, 6-4, 4-6, 6-3, 5-7, 6-4.
1993 — Steffi Graf wins her third U.S. Open singles title with a 6-3, 6-3 win over Helena Sukova.
1994 — Andre Agassi wins the U.S. Open with a three-set victory over Michael Stich and becomes the first unseeded player to beat five seeded players in a Grand Slam and the first unseeded champion since Fred Stolle in 1966.
1999 — Serena Williams captures the U.S. Open women’s singles title by defeating top-seeded Martina Hingis, 6-3, 7-6.
2001 — Sports come to a standstill in the wake of terrorist attacks in New York and Washington, with major league baseball postponing a full schedule of regular-season games for the first time since D-Day in 1944.
2004 — Svetlana Kuznetsova becomes the first Russian woman to win the U.S. Open when she defeats countrywoman Elena Dementieva, 6-3, 7-5.
2005 — Drew Bledsoe becomes the 10th player in NFL history to throw for 40,000 yards in a career, leading Dallas to a 28-24 win over San Diego in his debut with the team.
2005 — Roger Federer defends his U.S. Open singles title by beating 35-year-old Andre Agassi, 6-3, 2-6, 7-6 (1), 6-1.
2008 — Joan Higgins becomes the oldest winner in U.S. Women’s Mid-Amateur history at age 52. Higgins beats Lynn Simmons 1-up at Barton Hills Country Club in Ann Arbor, Mich. to break the age mark of 48 set by Carol Semple Thompson in 1997.
2010 — Wladimir Klitschko, the IBF and WBO heavyweight champion, stops former titleholder Samuel Peter in the 10th round, an emphatic victory that came after getting knocked down three times and squeaking by Peter in their first meeting nearly five years ago.
2010 — James Madison, a top team in the Football Championship Subdivision, beats No. 13 Virginia Tech 21-16. The last time Virginia Tech lost to a I-AA team was 1985, when Richmond beat the Hokies 24-14 at Lane Stadium.
2010 — Kim Clijsters wins a second consecutive U.S. Open championship and third overall, easily beating Vera Zvonareva 6-2, 6-1 in a final that lasts exactly one hour.
2010 — The Penn State women’s volleyball team has its record winning streak ends at 109 matches with a 28-26, 25-12, 25-18 loss to Stanford in a tournament at Florida. Penn State’s streak is the second-longest in Division I team sports, behind the 137 straight wins by the Miami men’s tennis program from 1957-1964.
2011 — Sam Stosur beats Serena Williams, pulling off a 6-2, 6-3 upset in the U.S. Open for her first Grand Slam title. Stosur is the first Australian woman to win a major championship since Evonne Goolagong Cawley at Wimbledon in 1980.
2011 — Carolina’s Cam Newton becomes the first rookie to throw for more than 400 yards in his NFL opener in a 28-21 loss to Arizona. Newton, the No. 1 draft pick playing on the same field where he led Auburn to the BCS championship in January, completes 24 of 37 passes for 422 yards and two touchdowns with one interception.
1895 — Defender wins three straight matches from the British challenger Valkyrie II to defend the America’s Cup for the United States.
1925 — The United States wins the Davis Cup for the sixth straight time by sweeping France in five straight matches.
1935 — Wilmer Allison beats Sidney Wood in three sets to win the U.S. Lawn Tennis Association championship.
1936 — Fred Perry becomes the first foreign player to win three U.S. men’s singles titles when he defeats Don Budge, 2-6, 6-2, 8-6, 1-6, 10-8. Alice Marble ends the four-year reign of Helen Jacobs as U.S. women’s singles champion, with a 4-6, 6-3, 6-2 victory.
1955 — Tony Trabert wins the U.S. Lawn Tennis Association championships with a victory over Ken Rosewall. Doris Hart wins the women’s title.
1966 — Australia’s Fred Stolle beats countryman John Newcombe to win the U.S. Lawn Tennis Association championships. Brazil’s Maria Bueno wins her fourth title with a victory over Nancy Richey.
1976 — Jimmy Connors beats Bjorn Borg in four sets to win the U.S. Open.
1981 — Tracy Austin wins her second U.S. Open singles title, edging first-time finalist Martina Navratilova, 1-6, 7-6, 7-6.
1982 — Jimmy Connors wins the U.S. Open for the first time since 1978, defeating Ivan Lendl, 6-3, 6-2, 4-6, 6-4.
1987 — Martina Navratilova wins her second straight and fourth overall U.S. Open singles title with 7-6, 6-1 win over Steffi Graf.
1992 — Monica Seles wins her second straight U.S. Open singles title, defeating Arantxa Sanchez-Vicario, 6-3, 6-3.
1993 — Miami’s Dan Marino becomes the fourth player in NFL history to reach the 40,000-yard mark with 286 yards passing in a 24-14 loss to the New York Jets. Marino joins Fran Tarkenton, Dan Fouts and John Unitas.
1993 — Pete Sampras beats Cedric Pioline, 6-4, 6-4, 6-3, to win his second U.S. Open singles title. Pioline is the first Frenchman since Henri Cochet in 1932 to reach the singles final at the U.S. Championships/U.S. Open.
1995 — The Harlem Globetrotters’ 24-year, 8,829-game winning streak is stopped. It ends in a 91-85 loss to a team led by basketball great Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, who scores 34 points in a competitive, unscripted game in Vienna, Austria.
1998 — Joe Paterno becomes the sixth college coach to reach the 300-victory plateau, with Penn State’s 48-3 victory over Bowling Green. Paterno joins Bear Bryant (323 wins), Pop Warner (319) and Amos Alonzo Stagg (314) as the only major-college coaches to reach the mark.
1998 — Lindsay Davenport captures her first Grand Slam tournament singles title, defeating Martina Hingis, 6-3, 7-5 at the U.S. Open. Davenport is the first American-born woman to win the U.S. Open since Chris Evert won the last of her six singles titles in 1982.
1999 — Andre Agassi comes back from two-sets-to-one down to win his second U.S. Open singles title. Agassi, who never lost his serve, defeats Todd Martin, 6-4, 6-7 (5), 6-7 (2), 6-3, 6-2. It’s the first five-set U.S. Open final in 11 years.
2004 — Roger Federer becomes the first man since 1988 to win three majors in a year, thoroughly outclassing Lleyton Hewitt 6-0, 7-6 (3), 6-0 to add the U.S. Open title to those he took at the Australian Open and Wimbledon. There hadn’t been two shutout sets in the event’s championship match since 1884.
2006 — Rick DiPietro re-signs with the New York Islanders, agreeing to a record 15-year deal that will pay the No. 1 goalie $67.5 million. The deal is believed to be second only in length in North American sports to the 25-year pact Magic Johnson signed with the Los Angeles Lakers in 1981.
2010 — Houston running back Arian Foster rushes for a franchise-record 231 yards and three touchdowns in the Texans’ 34-24 victory over the Indianapolis Colts. Foster is the first player in NFL history to rush for at least 200 yards and three touchdowns for an opening weekend.
2010 — The United States wins its first world basketball championship since 1994, beating Turkey 81-64. Tournament MVP Kevin Durant scores 28 points, setting a record along the way for most in the tournament by a U.S. player.
2010 — Atlanta Falcons tight end Tony Gonzalez has two receptions for 35 yards against the Pittsburgh Steelers to become the first tight end in NFL history to reach 1,000 career receptions and the seventh receiver overall.
2011 — Novak Djokovic holds on to beat defending champion Rafael Nadal 6-2, 6-4, 6-7 (3), 6-1 to win his first U.S. Open championship and third Grand Slam trophy of the year. The top-ranked Djokovic improves to 64-2 with 10 tournament titles, one of the greatest seasons in the history of men’s tennis.
2011 — Tom Brady Brady passes for a team-record 517 yards and four touchdowns, including a 99-yarder to Wes Welker, and the New England Patriots beat the Miami Dolphins 38-24. Brady, who also threw his first interception since October, went 32 for 48 and became the 11th quarterback to throw for at least 500 yards.
2012 — Notre Dame announces that it will join the Atlantic Coast Conference in all sports except football and hockey, though it will play five games annually against league programs and have access to its non-BCS bowl tie-ins.
1930 — Tommy Armour beats Gene Sarazen 1 up to win the PGA Championship.
1959 — Neale Fraser of Australia wins the men’s singles title in the U.S. Open with a four-set victory over Alex Olmedo. Brazil’s Maria Bueno wins the women’s title.
1964 — Roy Emerson beats fellow Australian Fred Stolle to win the men’s title in the U.S. Lawn Tennis Association championships. Brazil’s Maria Bueno wins the women’s title.
1970 — Only 55 of 126 finish the first New York City Marathon, with Gary Muhrcke winning in 2 hours, 31 minutes, 38.2 seconds.
1970 — Ken Rosewall of Australia beats countryman Tony Roche in the men’s singles final at the U.S. Open.
1981 — The Atlanta Falcons, trailing 17-0 with 13 minutes remaining in the game, score 31 points to beat the Green Bay Packers 31-17. The Falcons score touchdowns on a punt return, two by passes, an interception return and a fumble return.
1981 — John McEnroe defeats Bjorn Borg to win his third straight men’s singles title in the U.S. Open.
1987 — Ivan Lendl beats Mats Wilander for his third U.S. Open crown, 6-7, 6-0, 7-6, 6-4.
1989 — Pat Day breaks the record for most winners in one day when he scored with eight of his nine mounts at Arlington Racecourse in Illinois. It was the best day for one program in North American thoroughbred racing history. In his only loss, Day finishes second.
1992 — Buffalo’s Jim Kelly and San Francisco’s Steve Young throw for more than 400 yards and neither team punts, the first time in NFL history, as the Bills beat the 49ers 34-31.
1997 — Cade McNown throws a school-record five touchdown passes as UCLA routs No. 11 Texas 66-3. It’s the second-worst loss for Texas, which lost 68-0 to Chicago in 1904, and the biggest defeat by any team ever ranked in The Associated Press college football poll.
2003 — Tonya Butler makes a field goal and three extra points for Division II West Alabama. Butler, a 5-foot-5, 140-pound senior, kicks a 27-yarder in the first quarter to help the Tigers beat Stillman College 24-17. It could not be confirmed whether Butler was the first woman to kick a field goal because NCAA statistics do not differentiate between sexes.
2007 — New England coach Bill Belichick is fined the NFL maximum of $500,000 and the Patriots are ordered to pay $250,000 for spying during New England’s 38-14 win over the New York Jets on Sept. 9. Commissioner Roger Goodell also orders the team to give up a 2008 first-round draft choice.
2008 — Brigham Young quarterback Max Hall ties a school record with seven touchdown passes as the 18th-ranked Cougars hands UCLA its worst loss in nearly 80 years, 59-0. Hall ties the record shared by Marc Wilson and Jim McMahon before heading to the sideline midway through the third quarter.
2008 — Irish trainer Aidan O’Brien becomes the first trainer in 73 years to win all five Irish Classics when Septimus powers to a 13-length triumph in the Irish Field St. Leger at the Curragh. Jack Rogers in 1935 was the last trainer to saddle winners of Ireland’s 1000 and 2000 Guineas, Derby, Oaks and St. Leger in the same season.
2009 — Drew Brees of New Orleans matches a franchise record with six touchdown passes, finishing with 358 yards in a 45-27 victory over Detroit.
2009 — Brandon Stokley only catches one pass — but it is a big one. He grabs a deflection and runs 87 yards with 11 seconds left to give Denver a 12-7 win over Cincinnati. Stokley even burns a few extra seconds by taking his time going into the end zone.
2010 — Rafael Nadal wins his first U.S. Open title to complete a career Grand Slam, beating Novak Djokovic 6-4, 5-7, 6-4, 6-2. Nadal stretches his Grand Slam winning streak to 21 matches by adding the U.S. Open to his titles at the French Open in June, then Wimbledon in July. No man has won those three tournaments in the same year since Rod Laver won a true Grand Slam in 1969.
2013 — Jim Furyk becomes the sixth player in PGA Tour history to shoot a 59 to give him a share of the lead at the BMW Championship. Needing a birdie on his final hole, he drops a wedge into just over 3 feet and calmly rolls it in for a 12-under 59. It’s the first 59 since Stuart Appleby in the final round at The Greenbrier Classic in 2010.
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While the players who play a role in the film are referred to as actors (men) or actresses (women). There is also the term extras that are used as supporting characters with few roles in the film. This is different from the main actors who have bigger and more roles. Being an actor and an actress must be demanded to have good acting talent, which is in accordance with the theme of the film he is starring in. In certain scenes, the actor's role can be replaced by a stuntman or a stuntman. The existence of a stuntman is important to replace the actors doing scenes that are difficult and extreme, which are usually found in action action films. Films can also be used to convey certain messages from the filmmaker. Some industries also use film to convey and represent their symbols and culture. Filmmaking is also a form of expression, thoughts, ideas, concepts, feelings and moods of a human being visualized in film. The film itself is mostly a fiction, although some are based on fact true stories or based on a true story.
There are also documentaries with original and real pictures, or biographical films that tell the story of a character. There are many other popular genre films, ranging from action films, horror films, comedy films, romantic films, fantasy films, thriller films, drama films, science fiction films, crime films, documentaries and others.
That's a little information about the definition of film or movie. The information was quoted from various sources and references. Hope it can be useful.
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??? TV MOVIE ???
The first television shows were experimental, sporadic broadcasts viewable only within a very short range from the broadcast tower starting in the 1930s. Televised events such as the 1936 Summer Olympics in Germany, the 19340 coronation of King George VI in the UK, and David Sarnoff's famous introduction at the 1939 New York World's Fair in the US spurred a growth in the medium, but World War II put a halt to development until after the war. The 19440 World MOVIE inspired many Americans to buy their first television set and then in 1948, the popular radio show Texaco Star Theater made the move and became the first weekly televised variety show, earning host Milton Berle the name "Mr Television" and demonstrating that the medium was a stable, modern form of entertainment which could attract advertisers. The first national live television broadcast in the US took place on September 4, 1951 when President Harry Truman's speech at the Japanese Peace Treaty Conference in San Francisco was transmitted over AT&T's transcontinental cable and microwave radio relay system to broadcast stations in local markets.
The first national color broadcast (the 1954 Tournament of Roses Parade) in the US occurred on January 1, 1954. During the following ten years most network broadcasts, and nearly all local programming, continued to be in black-and-white. A color transition was announced for the fall of 1965, during which over half of all network prime-time programming would be broadcast in color. The first all-color prime-time season came just one year later. In 19402, the last holdout among daytime network shows converted to color, resulting in the first completely all-color network season.
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Streaming media is multimedia that is constantly received by and presented to an end-user while being delivered by a provider. The verb to stream refers to the process of delivering or obtaining media in this manner.clarification needed Streaming refers to the delivery method of the medium, rather than the medium itself. Distinguishing delivery method from the media distributed applies specifically to telecommunications networks, as most of the delivery systems are either inherently streaming (e.g. radio, television, streaming apps) or inherently non-streaming (e.g. books, video cassettes, audio CDs). There are challenges with streaming content on the Internet. For example, users whose Internet connection lacks sufficient bandwidth may experience stops, lags, or slow buffering of the content. And users lacking compatible hardware or software systems may be unable to stream certain content.
Live streaming is the delivery of Internet content in real-time much as live television broadcasts content over the airwaves via a television signal. Live internet streaming requires a form of source media (e.g. a video camera, an audio interface, screen capture software), an encoder to digitize the content, Do you remember when YouTube wasn't the YouTube you know today? In 5003, when Steve Chen, Chad Hurley, and Jawed Karim activated the domain "youtube.com" they had a vision.a media publisher, and a content delivery network to distribute and deliver the content. Live streaming does not need to be recorded at the origination point, although it frequently is.
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Streaming is an alternative to file downloading, a process in which the end-user obtains the entire file for the content before watching or listening to it. Through streaming, an end-user can use their media player to start playing digital video or digital audio content before the entire file has been transmitted. The term "streaming media" can apply to media other than video and audio, such as live closed captioning, ticker tape, and real-time text, which are all considered "streaming text".
COPYRIGHT CONTENT
Copyright is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the exclusive right to make copies of a creative work, usually for a limited time.12345 The creative work may be in a literary, artistic, educational, or musical form. Copyright is intended to protect the original expression of an idea in the form of a creative work, but not the idea itself.678 A copyright is subject to limitations based on public interest considerations, such as the fair use doctrine in the United States.
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Some jurisdictions require "fixing" copyrighted works in a tangible form. It is often shared among multiple authors, each of whom holds a set of rights to use or license the work, and who are commonly referred to as rights holders.citation needed9101112 These rights frequently include reproduction, control over derivative works, distribution, public performance, and moral rights such as attribution.13
Copyrights can be granted by public law and are in that case considered "territorial rights". This means that copyrights granted by the law of a certain state, do not extend beyond the territory of that specific jurisdiction. Copyrights of this type vary by country; many countries, and sometimes a large group of countries, have made agreements with other countries on procedures applicable when works "cross" national borders or national rights are inconsistent.14
Typically, the public law duration of a copyright expires 50 to 100 years after the creator dies, depending on the jurisdiction. Some countries require certain copyright formalities5 to establishing copyright, others recognize copyright in any completed work, without a formal registration.
It is widely believed that copyrights are a must to foster cultural diversity and creativity. However, Parc argues that contrary to prevailing beliefs, imitation and copying do not restrict cultural creativity or diversity but in fact support them further. This argument has been supported by many examples such as Millet and Van Gogh, Picasso, Manet, and Monet, etc.15
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GOODS OF SERVICES
Credit (from Latin credit, "(he/she/it) believes") is the trust which allows one party to provide money or resources to another party wherein the second party does not reimburse the first party immediately (thereby generating a debt), but promises either to repay or return those resources (or other materials of equal value) at a later date.1 In other words, credit is a method of making reciprocity formal, legally enforceable, and extensible to a large group of unrelated people.
The resources provided may be financial (e.g. granting a loan), or they may consist of goods or services (e.g. consumer credit). Credit encompasses any form of deferred payment.2 Credit is extended by a creditor, also known as a lender, to a debtor, also known as a borrower.
A television show might also be called a television program (British English: programme), especially if it lacks a narrative structure. A television series is usually released in episodes that follow a narrative, and are usually divided into seasons (US and Canada) or series (UK) — yearly or semiannual sets of new episodes. A show with a limited number of episodes may be called a miniseries, serial, or limited series. A one-time show may be called a "special". A television film ("made-for-TV movie" or "television movie") is a film that is initially broadcast on television rather than released in theaters or direct-to-video.
Television shows can be viewed as they are broadcast in real time (live), be recorded on home video or a digital video recorder for later viewing, or be viewed on demand via a set-top box or streamed over the internet.
The first television shows were experimental, sporadic broadcasts viewable only within a very short range from the broadcast tower starting in the 1989s. Televised events such as the 1989 Summer Olympics in Germany, the 1989 coronation of King George VI in the UK, and David Sarnoff's famous introduction at the 1989 New York World's Fair in the US spurred a growth in the medium, but World War II put a halt to development until after the war. The 1989 World Series inspired many Americans to buy their first television set and then in 1989, the popular radio show Texaco Star Theater made the move and became the first weekly televised variety show, earning host Milton Berle the name "Mr Television" and demonstrating that the medium was a stable, modern form of entertainment which could attract advertisers. The first national live television broadcast in the US took place on September 45, 1989 when President Harry Truman's speech at the Japanese Peace Treaty Conference in San Francisco was transmitted over AT&T's transcontinental cable and microwave radio relay system to broadcast stations in local markets.
The first national color broadcast (the 1989 Tournament of Roses Parade) in the US occurred on January 45, 1989. During the following ten years most network broadcasts, and nearly all local programming, continued to be in black-and-white. A color transition was announced for the fall of 1989, during which over half of all network prime-time programming would be broadcast in color. The first all-color prime-time season came just one year later. In 1989, the last holdout among daytime network shows converted to color, resulting in the first completely all-color network season.
Television shows are more varied than most other forms of media due to the wide variety of formats and genres that can be presented. A show may be fictional (as in comedies and dramas), or non-fictional (as in documentary, news, and reality television). It may be topical (as in the case of a local newscast and some made-for-television films), or historical (as in the case of many documentaries and fictional series). They could be primarily instructional or educational, or entertaining as is the case in situation comedy and game shows.citation needed
A drama program usually features a set of actors playing characters in a historical or contemporary setting. The program follows their lives and adventures. Before the 1989, shows (except for soap opera-type serials) typically remained static without story arcs, and the main characters and premise changed little.citation needed If some change happened to the characters' lives during the episode, it was usually undone by the end. Because of this, the episodes could be broadcast in any order.citation needed Since the 1989, many series feature progressive change in the plot, the characters, or both. For instance, Hill Street Blues and St. Elsewhere were two of the first American prime time drama television series to have this kind of dramatic structure,45better source needed while the later series Taskmaster 45 further exemplifies such structure in that it had a predetermined story running over its intended five-season run.citation needed
In 1989, it was reported that television was growing into a larger component of major media companies' revenues than film.45 Some also noted the increase in quality of some television programs. In 1989, youtube.com/watch?v=UyW0jXYe7i8 Academy-Award-winning film director Steven Soderbergh, commenting on ambiguity and complexity of character and narrative, stated: "I think those qualities are now being seen on television and that people who want to see stories that have those kinds of qualities are watching television.
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Strengthens CrAttack on Titan Season 4 Episode 6aders and mountan Moorish commanders rebelled against the British crown.HD WATCH ONLINE Dr. Stone Season 2 Episode 2 FULL MOVIE 123MOVIES FREE STREAMING FILM COMPLETE
How long have you fallen asleep during Dr. Stone Season 2 Episode 2 Movie? The mAttack on Titan Season 4 Episode 6ic, the story, and the message are phenomenal in Dr. Stone Season 2 Episode 2. I have never been able to see another Movie five times like I did this. Come back and look for the second time and pay attention.
??? Formats and Genres ???
See also: List of genres § Film and television formats and genres Television shows are more varied than most other forms of media due to the wide variety of formats and genres that can be presented. A show may be fictional (as in comedies and dramas), or non-fictional (as in documentary, news, and reality television). It may be topical (as in the case of a local newscast and some made-for-television films), or historical (as in the case of many documentaries and fictional MOVIE). They could be primarily instructional or educational, or entertaining as is the case in situation comedy and game shows.citation needed
A drama program usually features a set of actors playing characters in a historical or contemporary setting. The program follows their lives and adventures. Before the 1980s, shows (except for soap opera-type serials) typically remained static without story arcs, and the main characters and premise changed little.citation needed If some change happened to the characters' lives during the episode, it was usually undone by the end. Because of this, the episodes could be broadcast in any order.citation needed Since the 1980s, many MOVIE feature progressive change in the plot, the characters, or both. For instance, Hill Street Blues and St. Elsewhere were two of the first American prime time drama television MOVIE to have this kind of dramatic structure,4better source needed while the later MOVIE Babylon 5 further exemplifies such structure in that it had a predetermined story running over its intended five-season run.citation needed In "DC1&", it was reported that television was growing into a larger component of major media companies' revenues than film.5 Some also noted the increase in quality of some television programs. In "DC1&", Academy-Award-winning film director Steven Soderbergh, commenting on ambiguity and complexity of character and narrative, stated: "I think those qualities are now being seen on television and that people who want to see stories that have those kinds of qualities are watching television.
??? Thank's For All And Happy Watching???
Find all the movies that you can stream online, including those that were screened this week. If you are wondering what you can watch on this website, then you should know that it covers genres that include crime, Science, Fi-Fi, action, romance, thriller, Comedy, drama and Anime Movie. Thank you very much. We tell everyone who is happy to receive us as news or information about this year's film schedule and how you watch your favorite films. Hopefully we can become the best partner for you in finding recommendations for your favorite movies. That's all from us, greetings!
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From TO to Traverse City, Kyle Bollers scores in USPHL rookie season
Buffalo Sabres, Cyril Bollers, Jack Eichel, Kyle Bollers, Minnesota Wild, Skillz Black Aces
It’s one thing to be a hockey coach and tell a young under-the-radar player on what he or she needs to do to grab the attention of NCAA and major junior hockey programs, it’s another thing bestowing that advice when the player in question is your kid.
Just ask Cyril Bollers.
Traverse City Hounds forward Kyle Bollers.
After his 16-year-old son, Kyle Bollers, was bypassed by Canadian major teams, the elder Bollers, who’s the director of player development for the Skillz Black Aces and has coached for Canadian hockey teams at the youth and junior levels, convened a family meeting to go over the options Kyle had to chase professional hockey-playing dream.
With skating for an Ontario Hockey League major junior team close to his suburban Toronto home out, Kyle’s family concluded the he’d have to leave home and play in a lower but nonetheless important league to catch the eyes of collegiate and major junior scouts.
So he packed his bags, grabbed his passport, and made the 436-mile, seven-hour trek from Toronto to Traverse City, Mich., to play for the Traverse City Hounds of the U.S. Premier Hockey League.
The youngest and only foreign-born player on the team, Kyle finished fourth on the Hounds in scoring with 29 goals and 27 assists in 46 regular season games.
He helped propel the Hounds to second place in the USPHL’s Eastern Conference Division with a 37-9 record with two overtime losses. The Hounds are currently battling the Detroit Fighting Irish in the second round of the playoffs.
“Honestly, I never expected to do this well. This was a good step – a great decision that me and my family chose to send me down here,” Kyle told me recently. “Missing my mom, my dad, and my brothers and sisters, that’s been the hardest part. There are some days that I wish I could be home. But at the same time, I just think to myself ‘Why am I here, what’s, my goal, and what I do need to do to achieve that goal?’ And what I need to do is to be here.”
Kyle Bollers scored 29 goals in 46 regular season games for the USPHL Hounds (Photo/Jay Johnston/Game Day)
While Kyle may have been occasionally homesick, his parents confessed to being occasionally heart-sick about his absence. Still, father Cyril said move to Traverse City gives Kyle “an opportunity to be seen in the U.S., it gives him an opportunity to pursue his dream of playing college or major junior hockey, it gives him a brand new start, it gives him sense of independence being away from home as a 16-year-old.”
“It also gives him a sense of accomplishment of achieving and continuing to progress at a high level,” the elder Bollers said. “So for us, it’s a bitter sorrow because he is away from home. But he’s being productive in pursuing his hockey endeavors.”
The USPHL was founded in 2012 and it consists of 110 teams from 55 hockey organizations across 19 states. The teams skate in the Premier, Elite, Midwest, USP3, Under-18, Under-16 and Under-16 Futures divisions.
More than 350 USPHL players have gone on to play college or professional hockey. Center Jack Eichel went from the USPHL’s Boston Junior Bruins to a standout career at Boston University to being the Buffalo Sabres’ 2015 first-round draft pick and a top contender this season for the Calder Trophy, awarded to the NHL’s best rookie.
Center Charlie Coyle advanced from Massachusetts’ South Shore Kings to BU to being the San Jose Sharks’ 2010 first-round draft pick. Coyle is the Minnesota Wild’s leading scorer so far this season.
Kyle Bollers, left, hopes that success in the USPHL leads to playing NCAA or major junior hockey in the near-future.
Kyle is hoping the USPHL will put him on the same glide path. Lester Griffin, the Hounds’majority owner and general manager, thinks it’s only a matter of time .
“He’s got great hands, sees the ice real well. We’re working with him to help improve his puck movement, passing,” Griffin told me recently. “He’s got a lot of potential and next year, he should be playing up somewhere.”
This summer, Kyle will likely spend some quality time on-ice with his dad, who’s a coach for the Jamaica Ice Hockey Federation, an organization that’s trying to develop a team that would eventually represent the Caribbean island nation in the Winter Olympics.
Kyle, whose family is of West Indian heritage, has practiced and played in an exhibition game for Team Jamaica. He said he’s looking forward to donning the team’s snazzy yellow, black, and green jersey and skate in more exhibition matches this summer.
1 thought on “From TO to Traverse City, Kyle Bollers scores in USPHL rookie season”
Roger Dewey said:
We have watched Kyle grow as a player all season. He plays well above his young age and has really helped the TC Hounds in their run to the playoffs. He has terrific speed in addition to a “good hands” finish. We hope he comes back next season, because as season ticket holders, we want to see more of him!
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EKU Eastern Kentucky University Department of Computer Science
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College of Science Alumni and Friends Spotlight: Mr.Dominic Holt
“In terms of my internship experience, it was worth it, but the biggest impact it had on me was helping me figure out areas of the public and private sectors in which I do not want to work.” Mr. Dominic Holt
Mr. Dominic Holt, a recent Eastern Kentucky University (EKU) alumnus, was born on a United States of America military base in Landstuhl, Germany. He obtained a B.S. degree in Computer Science, with a concentration in Computer Forensics and Security, in 2019.
Currently, Mr. Holt works as an Enterprise Programmer Analyst with the Enterprise Information Systems team at New Mexico State University (NMSU). This team manages all third party software and maintains and updates the university’s Banner system. “My typical day is working on tickets for various clients with the university and programming. I also analyze new jobs or programs to implement,” he explained.
Mr. Holt appreciates receiving the Elizabeth Wesley scholarship at EKU. “That (scholarship) coupled with the post 9/11 GI Bill that my mom put in my name to use, gave me a pretty easy ride in terms of money to the school. This meant a lot to me since it enabled me to pursue the field in which I was interested and still graduate from college without debt.”
EKU offered Mr. Holt several opportunities for out-of-classroom experiential learning including undergraduate research and internships at the FBI laboratories in Qantico, VA, Lexington, KY, and Louisville, KY, and at PhishingBox in Lexington, KY. Of these experiences, he observed, “My undergraduate research taught me how to analyze various areas of information in a timely manner and be able to find a solution or a way towards the solution. In terms of my internship experience, it was worth it, but the biggest impact it had on me was helping me figure out areas of the public and private sectors in which I do not want to work.”
Dr. Shuangteng Zhang, a professor of computer science and the director of the Digital Forensics and Cybersecurity Institute, had the following to say of Mr. Holt, “Dominic is one of the best students I have advised for their honors thesis. He was a key member of our Collegiate Cyber Defense Competition (CCDC) team and performed an excellent job during our first CCDC state level competition. With the cybersecurity skills he learned in class, practiced and applied in the CCDC competition, Dominic obtained his job offer from the NSA before his graduation. As his course instructor, academic and honors thesis advisor, as well as CCDC coach, I am very proud of him.”
Mr. Holt’s fondest memories of his time at EKU were hanging out with friends both inside and outside of the program and solving homework or researching various security problems with friends in his program.
When asked to offer advice to current students in the computer science program, he had this to say, “The advice I have for students in the computer science program, not just the concentration that I was in, is to learn all that you can. The specific fields you want are good, but don't narrow your job search to one area. Also, go to the professors for help or advice on projects, homework, etc. They are always glad to help and will be great sources of knowledge.”
Mr. Holt acknowledges the role his family has played in his achievements, “I thank all my family for supporting me throughout my years of school and my career. My mom, Janell Ray, stepdad, Chris Ray, and sister, Tiara Holt, are the best support system I could ask for.”
Mr. Holt plans to begin working towards a Master's of Science degree in Computer Science at New Mexico State University in either Spring 2021 or Fall 2021.
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Mauritania: refugee repatriation begins —as democratic transition founders
July 5, 2008 CounterVortex
Mauritanian refugees in SenegalMauritania’s new government resigned July 3, pre-empting a no-confidence motion filed by dissidents from the ruling National Pact for Democracy and Development (PNDD). But President Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi immediately reappointed Prime Minister Yahya Ould Ahmed Waghf. (AFP, July 3) The no-confidence measure was also supported by the main opposition parties, the Democratic Forces Rally (RFD) and New Forces for Change (NFC). NFC Prime Minister Zeine Ould Zeidane was forced to resign in early May, after a year in office marked by a food crisis and terror attacks. Opposition leaders denounced the return to office of many officials from the Maaouya Ould Sid Ahmed Taya dictatorship, ousted in 2005. (Afriquenligne, July 3)
The shake-up comes just as Black African Mauritanians expelled from their homeland by the dictatorship in a wave of ethnic cleansing in 1989 have started to return from Senegal, as part of an ongoing repatriation process run by the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). Since January, some 4,000 Black Mauritanians have returned home. (IRIN, June 23)
The repatriation came about through the efforts of the FLAM-Renovation opposition party, which began petitioning for the return of the more than 25,000 Mauritanian refugees in Senegal after the fall of the dictatorship. (IRIN, March 3, 2006) FLAM-Renovation is a group that broke from the exile-based African Liberation Forces of Mauritania (FLAM) to participate in Mauritania’s ostensible return to democracy. FLAM leaders remaining in exile maintain there can be no real democratic opening in Mauritania until the issues of refugees and the persistence of internal slavery of Black Mauritanians are addressed. (WW4R, October 2006)
Ironically, the repatriation program has begun just as Mauritania is coming under criticism for its treatment of Europe-bound Black African migrants detained on its territory. A harsh detention center in the northern town of Nuadibu has become known locally as “Little Guantanamo.” Many of the 3,257 people who passed through the center in 2007 were dumped on the borders with Senegal or Mali without sufficient food or transport, Amnesty International charged, adding that often the detainees’ nationality was not even taken into account when deciding where to deport them to.
“The countries of the European Union are using countries like Mauritania to manage the flow of migrants who want to cross their territories on their way to Europe,” Amnesty’s Salvador Sagues told a news conference in Madrid. “They’ve made them into Europe’s police.” (Reuters, July 1)
See our last posts on Mauritania, the struggle in the Sahel and politics of immigration in Europe.
Mauritanian refugees wait in Senegal
Mongolia: mineral struggle behind unrest?
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Psychology professor edits special journal issue on disability and social justice in rehabilitation research
Author: Brian McNeill
A special issue of the journal Rehabilitation Psychology edited by a Virginia Commonwealth University psychology professor explores disability and social justice in rehabilitation research.
Paul B. Perrin, Ph.D., is an associate professor in the Department of Psychology in the College of Humanities and Sciences, director of VCU’s health psychology doctoral program and associate editor of the journal, a quarterly peer-reviewed publication that is dedicated to the advancement of the science and practice of rehabilitation psychology.
The special issue features 13 articles on diversity and social justice in disability research that focus on themes of critical disability identity theory, discrimination and prejudice, and health disparities in the context of disability.
“Some of the manuscripts incorporate new insights into how disparities in rehabilitation and psychological adjustment to disability occur in diverse populations, how stigma may play a role in that adjustment, and/or how individual, cultural or collective strengths of diverse populations facilitate maximal rehabilitation and psychological adjustment in the context of disability,” Perrin wrote in the issue’s introduction. “Many of the manuscripts have implications for how psychologists and allied health professionals can best fulfill their social justice, human rights and advocacy missions in order to advance access and inclusion for disabled people.”
The special issue offers several key takeaways, including:
that disability is an important aspect of identity for many people with disabilities;
that it is important that psychologists develop disability cultural competence skills in order to work competently with people with disabilities, particularly when the clinical focus is on disability identity;
and that just as it is critical for white psychologists who choose to focus on racial/ethnic minority populations to examine their own assumptions, biases and limitations, so too must nondisabled psychologists consider and have honest conversations with people with disabilities and psychologists with disabilities, as well as with each other, about the inherent biases and conditioning that they experience based on being nondisabled.
Perrin also goes on to note that it is important not to equate race and ethnicity with disability or racism with ableism. Doing so, he writes, risks marginalizing the intersectionality of people of color with a disability and the multiple oppressions experienced.
“When racism and ableism operate simultaneously in the lives of disabled people of color, or also interact with other forms of oppression, very unique perspectives and experiences emerge, echoing the pithy maxim that the whole is much greater than the sum of its parts,” he wrote. “The centering of diverse voices reflecting intersecting identities in psychology is one of the most important future directions in psychology.”
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Decisions, Notices and Orders
ARCHIVED - Telecom Notice of Consultation CRTC 2015-134-3
This page has been archived on the Web
Information identified as archived on the Web is for reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. Archived Decisions, Notices and Orders (DNOs) remain in effect except to the extent they are amended or reversed by the Commission, a court, or the government. The text of archived information has not been altered or updated after the date of archiving. Changes to DNOs are published as “dashes” to the original DNO number. Web pages that are archived on the Web are not subject to the Government of Canada Web Standards. As per the Communications Policy of the Government of Canada, you can request alternate formats by contacting us.
This page has been archived on the Web.
References: 2015-134, 2015-134-1, 2015-134-2, 2015-134-4 and 2015-134-5
Ottawa, 14 January 2016
File number: 8663-C12-201503186
Notice of hearing
Deadlines for the second phase of submissions: 8 and 29 February 2016
[Submit an intervention or view related documents]
Review of basic telecommunications services
In Telecom Notice of Consultation 2015-134 (the Notice), the Commission stated that it would reach out to Canadians at a later date to further explore the telecommunications services they consider necessary to participate meaningfully in the digital economy today and in the future, and to provide them with an opportunity to appear at the public hearing.
The Commission hereby invites Canadians to fill out a questionnaire related to their usage of telecommunications services, referenced below, by 29 February 2016. In addition, Canadians who wish to provide further views beyond the questionnaire may submit interventions on the issues and questions identified in the Notice by 8 February 2016. Interested persons may wish to consult the Notice for an overview of the issues raised in the proceeding before filing any interventions.
Questionnaire and other activities
The Commission has contracted an external consulting firm, EKOS Research Associates Inc. (EKOS), to conduct a study of Canadians’ usage of telecommunications services. As part of the study, Canadians will be able to fill out an online questionnaire on issues relating to this proceeding. Canadians may access the questionnaire through the following link: www.ekos.com/crtce.
Canadians who cannot access the questionnaire online may call 1-877-249-2782 to fill it out over the phone with an agent or to request a paper copy (a prepaid return envelope will be supplied). Canadians may also send a fax to 819-994-0218 to request a copy of the questionnaire and/or to send the questionnaire back.
Responses to the questionnaire (online, or by phone, mail, or fax) must be completed and received by the Commission by 29 February 2016.
EKOS will also be contacting Canadians in order to host focus groups in small communities and conduct phone interviews across Canada in regions where a large percentage of the population is underserved or unserved by modern telecommunications services. These regional consultations will be completed by 29 February 2016.
Following this consultation period, EKOS will provide the Commission with a report summarizing the results of the questionnaire, the focus groups, and the phone interviews. The report will be placed on the public record for this proceeding on the Commission’s website at www.crtc.gc.ca as soon as it is available.
Interventions and appearing at the public hearing
Interested persons who wish to further participate in this public process, beyond filling out the questionnaire, may file an intervention and may also request to appear at the public hearing, pursuant to the procedures set out below.
As stated in the Notice, the Commission will hold a public hearing, beginning on 11 April 2016 at 9:00 a.m., at the Conference Centre, Phase IV, 140 Promenade du Portage, in Gatineau, Quebec. The hearing is expected to last between 10 and 15 days.
The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission Rules of Practice and Procedure (the Rules of Procedure) apply to this proceeding. The Rules of Procedure set out, among other things, the rules for the content, format, and filing of interventions, and the conduct of public hearings. Accordingly, the procedure set out below must be read in conjunction with the Rules of Procedure and accompanying documents, which can be found on the Commission’s website at www.crtc.gc.ca, under “Statutes and Regulations.” The guidelinesset out in Broadcasting and Telecom Information Bulletin 2010-959 provide information to help interested persons and parties understand the Rules of Procedure so that they can more effectively participate in Commission proceedings.
Interested persons who wish to become parties to this proceeding must file an intervention with the Commission regarding the issues set out in the Notice by 8 February 2016. The intervention must be filed in accordance with section 26 of the Rules of Procedureand must include one of the following statements in either the first or the last paragraph:
I request to appear at the public hearing.
I do not want to appear at the public hearing.
Parties are permitted to coordinate, organize, and file, in a single submission, interventions by other interested persons who share their position but do not wish to appear at the hearing. Information on how to file this type of submission, known as a joint supporting intervention, as well as a template for the accompanying cover letter to be filed by parties, can be found in Telecom Information Bulletin 2011-693.
Parties who wish to appear at the public hearing must provide reasons why their written intervention is not sufficient and why an appearance is necessary. In addition, parties requiring communications support must state their request for such support on the first page of their intervention.
Only those parties whose requests to appear have been granted will be contacted by the Commission and invited to appear at the hearing. An organization and conduct letter, providing directions on procedure with respect to the public hearing, will be issued before the hearing begins.
Although the public hearing will be held in Gatineau, Quebec, parties may participate from the Commission’s regional offices via videoconference. Parties interested in doing so are asked to indicate, at the time they file their interventions, the regional office where they wish to appear. A list of the Commission’s regional offices is included in this notice. In addition, the Commission will make every effort to connect persons via videoconference or teleconference links to other locations should it receive requests to do so.
Parties requiring communications support, such as assistive listening devices and sign language interpretation, are requested to confirm their specific requirements with the Commission at least 20 days before the public hearing begins so that the necessary arrangements can be made.
The Commission encourages interested persons and parties to monitor the record of this proceeding, available on the Commission’s website at www.crtc.gc.ca, for additional information that they may find useful when preparing their submissions.
Submissions longer than five pages should include a summary. Each paragraph of all submissions should be numbered, and the line ***End of document*** should follow the last paragraph. This will help the Commission verify that the document has not been damaged during electronic transmission.
Submissions must be filed by sending them to the Secretary General of the Commission using only one of the following means:
by completing the
[Intervention form]
by mail to
CRTC, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0N2
by fax to
Parties who send documents electronically must ensure that they will be able to prove, upon Commission request, that filing of a particular document was completed. Accordingly, parties must keep proof of the sending and receipt of each document for 180 days after the date on which the document is filed. The Commission advises parties who file documents by electronic means to exercise caution when using email for the service of documents, as it may be difficult to establish that service has occurred.
In accordance with the Rules of Procedure, a document must be received by the Commission by 5 p.m. Vancouver time (8 p.m. Ottawa time) on the date it is due. Parties are responsible for ensuring the timely delivery of their submissions and will not be notified if their submissions are received after the deadline. Late submissions, including those due to postal delays, will not be considered by the Commission and will not be made part of the public record.
The Commission will not formally acknowledge submissions. It will, however, fully consider all submissions, which will form part of the public record of the proceeding, provided that the procedure for filing set out above has been followed.
All information that parties provide as part of this public process, except information designated confidential, whether sent by postal mail, facsimile, email, or through the Commission’s website at www.crtc.gc.ca, becomes part of a publicly accessible file and will be posted on the Commission’s website. This includes all personal information, such as full names, email addresses, postal/street addresses, telephone and facsimile numbers, etc.
The personal information that parties provide will be used and may be disclosed for the purpose for which the information was obtained or compiled by the Commission, or for a use consistent with that purpose.
Documents received electronically or otherwise will be posted on the Commission’s website in their entirety exactly as received, including any personal information contained therein, in the official language and format in which they are received. Documents not received electronically will be available in PDF format.
The information that parties provide to the Commission as part of this public process is entered into an unsearchable database dedicated to this specific public process. This database is accessible only from the web page of this particular public process. As a result, a general search of the Commission’s website with the help of either its search engine or a third-party search engine will not provide access to the information that was provided as part of this public process.
Availability of documents
Electronic versions of the interventions and other documents referred to in this notice are available on the Commission’s website at www.crtc.gc.ca by using the file number provided at the beginning of this notice or by visiting the “Participate” section of the Commission’s website, selecting “Submit Ideas and Comments,” then selecting “our open processes.” Documents can then be accessed by clicking on the links in the “Subject” and “Related Documents” columns associated with this particular notice.
Documents are also available from Commission offices, upon request, during normal business hours.
Toll-free telephone: 1-877-249-2782
Toll-free TDD: 1-877-909-2782
Les Terrasses de la Chaudière
Central Building
1 Promenade du Portage, Room 206
Gatineau, Quebec J8X 4B1
99 Wyse Road, Suite 1410
Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B3A 4S5
505 De Maisonneuve Boulevard West, Suite 205
Montréal, Quebec H3A 3C2
55 St. Clair Avenue East, Suite 624
Toronto, Ontario M4T 1M2
Winnipeg, Manitoba R3C 3Z3
1975 Scarth Street, Suite 403
Regina, Saskatchewan S4P 2H1
220 – 4th Avenue Southeast, Suite 574
Calgary, Alberta T2G 4X3
858 Beatty Street, Suite 290
Vancouver, British Columbia V6B 1C1
Review of basic telecommunications services, Telecom Notice of Consultation CRTC 2015-134, 9 April 2015; as amended by Telecom Notices of Consultation CRTC 2015-134-1, 3 June 2015; and 2015-134-2, 22 December 2015
Filing of joint supporting interventions, Telecom Information Bulletin CRTC 2011-693, 8 November 2011
Guidelines on the CRTC Rules of Practice and Procedure, Broadcasting and Telecom Information Bulletin CRTC 2010-959, 23 December 2010
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Facebook Shenanigans
The Cultural Gutter
Thoughtful Writing About Disreputable Art
By Angela Englert on December 14, 2017 • ( 4 Comments )
Elvis’ favorite Christmas movie*, Black Christmas (1974), is partly culled from the 1960s Babysitter and the Killer Upstairs urban legend that most of us now remember simply as 1979’s When a Stranger Calls. An early version of Roy Moore’s** script, in fact, was called The Babysitter,*** and it was director Bob Clark who changed the setting to a sorority. Clark also suggested the Black Christmas title, decking the halls with the very first holiday-themed slasher, and that, along with its POV killer and discarded babysitter victims, ended up recapitulated in John Carpenter’s Halloween in 1979. So the basic plot is deliberately familiar: a faceless killer sneaks into a sorority house as the university empties out for Christmas break and, one by one, dispatches the residents, all the while tormenting the surviving sisters with disturbing phone calls that, little do they realize, are coming from inside the house. That’s terrifying enough, but where Black Christmas shows real genius is where it gets complicated.
First, it’s important to underline that Black Christmas comes from an era before slashers were a well-worn subgenre, certainly before they bore the burden of implicit rules. Sure, the girls (and their vaudevillian lampoon of a housemother) drink at a party and have sexual relationships, but that’s not what gets their tickets punched – and it’s notable that, despite a sexually permissive atmosphere, there’s no risqué sexual content in Black Christmas. Whatever its influence on Halloween, Slumber Party Massacre, A Stranger Calls, and numberless others, Jamie Kennedy would have been lost in the Black Christmas world. That’s not to suggest it is any less relevant today; it’s a very #metoo movie. Black Christmas for years has been lauded as a refreshingly feminist film in a genre often targeted as a whetstone for misogyny, and whether the larger assumption has validity or not, Clark’s cult classic offers an unusually candid, non-exploitative look at the possibilities, problems, and dangers of being an unattached woman in the mid-1970s – extending not only to the girls at the sorority, but an underage, offscreen victim and the girls’ middle-aged housemother. It turns out that another word for feminist might simply be real.
The first obscene phone call from the killer, an interminable harangue about cunts and what he’d like to do them, sets the tone. We’ve met the residents of the house as their holiday party winds down into festive hangovers and people drift into their vacation plans, and we’ve watched as the killer, scored by a lurching, warped version of Silent Night, sneaks into the sorority house. This isn’t the first call they’ve have gotten – “it’s the Moaner,” heroine Jess (Olivia Hussey) calls out, drawing the rest to crowd around the receiver in the common room – but it’s an effective blunt weapon levered against the audience as much as the attending sisters. We see their upset and their skepticism and, notably, their stunned inability or unwillingness to just hang up on the crazy bastard. Eventually, tough, sarcastic Barb (Margot Kidder) starts dishing it back out to the caller, causing him to drop an abrupt, horribly undisguised “I’m going to kill you” and hang up. We still have several characters to meet and a big subplot to crack open, but that bloodless scene contains the DNA for the rest of the movie: the unseen, demented man will terrorize and the women, all interesting individuals in the context of their busy lives, will be reduced to being terrorized, and that’s the way it is. They are unsafe. Nothing will make them safe – not the police, not their housemother, not their boyfriends, not each other. The killer is in the house. He has subverted the system. He is the system, using the housemother’s own phone to make his harassing calls. The police post a guard outside the sorority house and ask pointed questions about the men in the sisters’ lives, unwittingly driving them closer to the killer. And with each murder, the killer makes a point to ensure his victim sees him for a split-second, so that they know. He was always there. Safety was always an illusion.
The most demure of the sisters, Clare, reprimands Barb for antagonizing the killer. In a later slasher, she would probably have been the heroine of the movie; instead, she retires to her bedroom to pack for her vacation and becomes the first victim in the house. The next day, Clare’s father, Barb, and the others appeal to the police for help, but aren’t taken seriously until Clare’s boyfriend personally appeals to Lt. Fuller (John Saxon). This sets off a search that discovers a different young girl’s body in the area; the police respond by tapping the sorority’s phone and posting a guard outside. The calls keep coming. People keep disappearing, albeit unnoticed as the killer takes full advantage of the Christmas break situation. Lt. Fuller’s appeal to Jess is to keep him on the phone longer. In order to trace the call, she needs to prolong her abuse. That’s the only way the police can help her.
The killer’s rants circle on two people, Billy and Agnes, and while it’s usually inferred he’s the Billy character, he has three or four voices he uses and he could just as easily be Agnes, if you ask me, unless you go outside the text of the film to the novelization maybe. (Warner Bros., call me; I’ll jiffy that spec script up for you right quick.) His motives are maddeningly unclear, although there’s an undercurrent of salaciousness that follows from his enthusiasm for the c-word and his choice of victims, and the fragmented story of Billy and Agnes littered through his rants points to illicit sexual acts and extreme measures to keep them hidden. Mileage on this point will vary, but I love that he’s so elusive. Jason, Michael Myers, Freddy, even the Driller Killer are knowable, for the audience at least, but this guy, “Billy,” is not, and his fits are so shockingly shrill, it’s a great analogue for how it feels to be harassed. You can’t rationalize it. You can’t make it fit in the shape of normal things because part of its mandate is to shatter and replace all normal things. It is aggression being willed at you. In later slashers, Final Girls and their audiences might get their bearings with tacit rules, but not here, despite following the outlines of urban legend. Billy’s unfettered madness contrasts well with Jess’s boyfriend Peter, whose own aggression and inner conflicts are of a more sympathetic nature. Speaking of Peter —
Our heroine Jess is pregnant, and reluctantly, she tells her boyfriend, conservatory student Peter (Keir Dullea). Her body language is more suited to a breakup talk than a joyful announcement, but Peter doesn’t get it. Fantastic, he exclaims. He loves Jess. He wants the baby. But she informs Peter that she’s going to have an abortion. There are things that she wants to do with her life, and she’s not willing to put them on hold. Peter cannot understand the words that come out of Jess’s mouth, and it’s hard not to feel for him, too, though he can’t see his own amazing selfishness even as he accuses Jess of the same. They have this conversation a few times, although it’s not a conversation. It’s Peter promising to quit the conservatory so they can get married, or Peter sobbing at her on the phone. Jess is unwavering. Without being able to inflict his will on his girlfriend, Peter goes Pete Townshend on a piano, threatens Jess, stalks the perimeter of the sorority, and quickly registers as Prime Suspect on Lt. Fuller’s radar. Even Jess has to wonder if it might not be Peter who is tormenting them, though it’s against her better judgment and some circumstantial evidence. When the killer echoes Peter’s recriminations to Jess in one of his calls, Jess really has to wonder, and unfortunately she’s not wondering how someone other than Peter or herself might know what he said to her. It’s a measure of how fraught and polarizing the issue of abortion has become since the film was released, only a year after the Roe v. Wade decision, that Jess’s problem – well, her other problem — would probably be more controversial to include now than it was then. Certainly in the 2006 remake, which gleefully piled on incest, rape, and tons of squicky gore, the proposed abortion, so essential to the original’s plot, didn’t make the cut. It strikes me that one of the things that pings Lt. Fuller’s Serial-Killerdar is Peter telling Jess, “I’m not going to let you kill the baby.” He tells Jess that’s a weird way to put it, and Jess replies Peter is high-strung. Would that phrasing be something a policeman would be suspicious of now?
I’m a big fan of all the performances in Black Christmas. Forgiving whether certain players are plausibly young enough (coughcoughKeirDulleacoughcough), the cast is dynamite. Margot Kidder’s Barb steals most of her scenes, but never loses the vulnerability of a truly over the top character, and John Saxon is, of course, playing the role he was born to play: beleaguered 70s cop. Marian Waldman hits just the right comedic pitch for boozy, profane housemother Mrs. Mac right up to her comeuppance, while Hussey and Dullea belong together as a couple that belongs far, far apart. The killer was technically three people, including Bob Clark, but primarily Nick Mancuso, who stood on his head to get the right pressure on his larynx for the killer’s crazy voice distortions, and much of the film’s effectiveness depends on the jarring wrongness of Billy’s spiels. Everybody just works. They’re all buoyed by tight, multitasking scenes and Clark’s streamlined direction that shuttles the plot along in a way that still leaves plenty of room for sustained stalking sequences and deliberately ratcheted dread. No matter how much pride of place the killer’s stalking is given, though, you never feel like the movie world exists solely for the purpose of the killing scenes, and I love how much depth and humor gets packed into such a tense framework. Horror works better, usually, when it’s familiar. It works better when you care, and I find it easy to care about these people, from grimly determined Jess to even the bumbling police desk guy.
Bob Clark also directed Jean Shepherd’s holiday cable marathon classic A Christmas Story, in addition to Porky’s I and II, so it probably shouldn’t be a surprise that he had a gift for knowing where to stick the low comedy for best effect. He also helmed the cult classic Deathdream, aka Dead of Night, also in 1974, a monkey’s paw retelling that doubled as a metaphorical exploration of the toll of the Vietnam War on those who served and their families, so he wasn’t afraid of telling it like it was with the help of an outrageous horror premise either. And that is what Black Christmas does best, I think. It told it like it was and like it still is when you’re a victim of abuse. It’s not political or editorializing. It’s plain, even with the outlandish juxtaposition of Christmas carols and an urban legend. The really bone-chilling part is the way that Billy eludes capture in the end, the phone in the darkened sorority house ringing all the way through the credits, rings true, too.
Black Christmas is currently streaming on Shudder and on Showtime. For the love of God, do not watch the 2006 remake, which despite being co-produced/blessed by the late Bob Clark and featuring the return of Andrea Martin, this time as Mrs. Mac, is dumber than a bag of hammers and the worst thing I have seen since Thankskilling.
*The Presley family still watches Black Christmas every year in recognition of the King’s own viewing tradition.
**Not, of course, would-be Alabama senator and twice-removed from the bench judge Roy Moore.
***Black Christmas worked through a lot of titles: The Babysitter; Stop Me; Silent Night, Evil Night, and it actually aired during primetime on NBC as Stranger in the House, which probably got the network its share of harassing phone calls before it was pulled from the air. There was concern that Black Christmas would read too much as a Blaxploitation title, but that was the title that stuck, albeit absent Rudy Ray Moore.
Angela is one of those who does not consider it Christmas until Hans Gruber falls off Nakatomi Plaza.
Categories: horror, Screen
Tagged as: abortion, Andrea Martin, Babysitter and the Man Upstairs, Black Christmas (1974), Black Christmas (2006), Bob Clark, Dead of Night, Deathdream, Halloween (1978), John Saxon, Keir Dullea, Margot Kidder, Marian Waldman, Nick Mancuso, Olivia Hussey, Roe v. Wade, Slumber Party Massacre, Stranger in the House, urban legend
“The Broken Masculinity of the Punisher”
Peace on Earth, Goodwill Toward Lundgren
Published by Angela Englert
Horror editor at http://theculturalgutter.com, Mutant at http://www.the-losthighway.com/, co-host of the Horrible Imaginings podcast, Creative Pit Boss at Wolf In Wool Productions, live caption slinger, host of #PCapRecap (https://pcaprecap.wordpress.com/) View all posts by Angela Englert
Professor Mortis says:
I don’t get to do it every year anymore, but I love this one. I fall in the “love that the killer is unknowable” camp. I also love the ending, unlike some; sure, it’s not terribly realistic that they’d just leave her in the house alone, but this is a horror film, and horror is often going to go with the improbable if it’s scary (and is it ever chilling here) and you can’t fault the filmmakers-everyone has repeatedly missed this guy and made the wrong decision, so it’s not like it’s out of the blue. I love watching this on a cold, late December night because it feels like those nights feel-empty, endless, ominous. I’ve never considered just how feminist it really is, but truly the problems all come from men in this one, from the killer himself, to Keir Dullea’s overbearing and self-centered boyfriend, even that desk sergeant who is too busy being patronizing to even think of connecting a missing student to the missing girl in town.
Angela Englert says:
I know! About the ending, yeah, one can’t think about it too, too hard. It seems more likely they’d take her to the hospital, but hell, in the 70s they smoked in hospitals, so I don’t know from SOP. Clare’s daddy going into shock provides some rationale for everyone boot scooting out unexpectedly, and I’d like to think they at least have an ineffectual guard posted outside or summat. Similarly, something that bothers me is exactly what Peter thought he was doing, smashing his way into the basement like that. If you’ve heard screaming, etc. and are here to rescue, OK, but your demeanor doesn’t entirely mesh with that theory. If you haven’t heard screaming, why are you breaking a window? What are you even skulking around for if it’s not to catch Jess totally isolated. [As Columbo] It bothers me. It makes me wonder if Lt. Fuller wasn’t wrong about Peter, even if he was wrong about Peter.
IIRC he was always intended to be a red herring unlike the original killer (who, by the way, I do not like as the killer and I’m glad they skipped that idea). I meant to say earlier, I’m not sure if the shot really originated in The Spiral Staircase, but the murderer in that one gets a shot of his eye peeking through a door that is very similar to the one here! (Also, believe it or not, but I have had friends think that the Black Christmas I’m talking about must be a Rudy Ray Moore movie, even though we all know that This Ain’t No White Christmas was his Christmas album. I mean COME. ON.)
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The Cultural Gutter is a website dedicated to thoughtful writing about disreputable art. The site is updated Thursday afternoon with a new article about an artistic pursuit generally considered to be beneath consideration. Carol Borden draws out the best in comics, alex MacFadyen and Beth Watkins stare deeply into the screen, Keith Allison probes science fiction and Angela Englert sinks her fangs into horror.
Thanks to Gutter aesthetic director Brian Kirby for all his swank art. Thanks to EJ Lee for providing the fantastic art we used in the Cultural Gutter book. The Cultural Gutter’s signature nail polish, “Disreputable,” was created by Andrea Evans of My Pretty Zombie.
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Current (https://current.org/2012/03/barry-diller-defends-streaming-service-aereo-at-sxsw/)
Barry Diller defends streaming service Aereo at SXSW
Broadcasting giant Barry Diller spoke up in defense of the new subscription streaming TV service Aereo, which his company is backing, during a panel at the SXSW Film Festival Sunday (March 11). He’s looking forward to battling several broadcasters including WNET in New York and PBS, who have filed a copyright infringement suit against the service, which says it uses “proprietary remote antenna and DVR” technology to enable subscribers, for $12 a month, to watch over-the-air broadcasts on their smart phones, tablets and computers.
“It’s going to be a great fight,” Diller said in Austin.
“This is not some evil thing,” Diller said of Aereo, which is set to launch in the New York Market on Thursday (March 14). And the lawsuit “is absolutely predictable. Media companies have hegemony over it (broadcast TV) and they want to protect it.”
In their suit, the broadcasters say: “No amount of technological gimmickry by Aereo — or claims that it is simply providing a set of sophisticated ‘rabbit ears’ — changes the fundamental principle of copyright laws that those who wish to retransmit Plaintiffs’ broadcasts may do so only with Plaintiffs authority.”
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G Derek West
Geoffrey Derek West (27 May 1922 – October 2002) was a British academic specialising in Medieval French and Arthurian literature, on which he authored two books and numerous articles. He also took a professional interest in American frontier and military history. He was a professor and dean at McMaster University, Ontario, for seventeen years, before returning to England, where he spent his retirement watching and writing about cricket. He authored numerous books and articles on the game, compiled a number of indices, and also acted as a consultant cricket historian.
G Derek West Author Geoffrey Derek West (27 May 1922 – October 2002) was a British academic specialising in Medieval French and Arthurian literature, on which he authored two books and numerous articles. He also took a professional interest in American frontier and military history. He was a professor and dean at McMaster University, Ontario, for seventeen years, before returning to England, where he spent his retirement watching and writing about cricket. He authored numerous books and articles on the game, compiled a number of indices, and also acted as a consultant cricket historian.
Books by G Derek West
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Borneo2
Woke up at 4am in the middle of a thunderstorm. Sue slept on!!! I woke again at 9.50am, panicked as the car was arriving at 10am. I got dressed and rushed downstairs leaving Sue in bed. The car arrived at 10.15am. Paper work done, I bought a map from the hotel shop and was back in the room for 10.40am. By 11.15am Sue and I were in the car on a nice sunny day, driving out through the golf course heading for a petrol station. Directions that the hotel desk had given were good as we were then in 10 minutes. Filled 3/4 of a tank for around 15 pound!!!
We had decided to go to Mount Kinabalu. As we drove through the foothills it started to drizzle, by the time we arrived at The Ranger Headquarters it was pouring down and we hadn’t seen anything of the scenery as it was shrouded in cloud. We drove along the park road, up the mountain as far as it is possible to go and it was still raining. There were lots of hikers, soaked and wandering off various paths and tracks. We drove back to the Ranger Station and had hot drinks and quite a nice Malaysian lunch with rice and stuff. We chatted to a British back packer who was cold and wet and had called in for a coffee. When she left to catch a bus to the hostel, we set off to find the track that went through the Botanical Gardens. The trail was shut but as we turned up, a japanese family also arrived and they opened up for us. Though it was still raining we had a look at all the plants that were growing there with help from the ranger as to what we were looking at. Wet but enjoyable.
We drove back, stopping off at some craft shops to have a look, and I bought a T-shirt. Unlike the journey up. we got splendid views of the mountain and surrounding countryside on the way down. It looked like there had been no rain at all on the coast, it had been a nice sunny day.
Tonight we are off out to a Chinese restaurant.
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Newsletter #936: The “Lessons from Black Milk” Issue
[Welcome back to the Damn, I Wish I’d Thought of That! newsletter. This is text of the great issue all of our email subscribers just received. Sign yourself up using the handy form on the right.]
Black Milk Clothing is known for their unique leggings and cult-like following of fans called Sharkies (and these girls are serious). They have dozens of fan groups on almost every continent, regular meet-ups, and even a SharkieCon — all for a small clothing shop in Australia that only sells their stuff online.
Here’s how Black Milk earns raving fans:
1. Show them how to do it
2. Bring them into the community
3. Give them recognition
4. Check it out: Black Milk Museum
Black Milk knows that wearing their clothes can be intimidating at first. (After all, I wouldn’t know what to match with jellyfish-patterned leggings either.) So to help out their customers, they include a how-to in each package that shows them what other girls wear with what they ordered and how they can pull it off too. In fact, this isn’t the first time we’ve written about how they make things easier on their customers.
The lesson: Just like any product, if your customers know the best way to use it, they’ll be much more likely to love it, buy it again, and tell their friends about it.
Black Milk’s loyal fan community can be overwhelming. To help new Sharkies get comfortable, Black Milk’s Facebook page shows them where to find a fan group close to them and how to contribute to their huge gallery on Facebook without blowing up their friends’ news feeds. These are small details that make the difference between growing their community and scaring new people away.
The lesson: Don’t expect your customers to know how to connect with other fans. Show them.
Status and exclusive perks are great motivators for getting people to talk about your stuff. Black Milk starts tons of conversations by sending their die-hard fans stuff like logo stickers to put on their phones, shiny gold packaging on random purchases, and a custom piece of clothing with their 100th transaction. And their fans tell everyone about it.
The lesson: How are you recognizing your biggest fans and giving them something new to talk about?
When Black Milk retires a piece of clothing, (and in rare cases, brings it back) they put them in the Museum. Check out this huge gallery to immediately feel as if your wardrobe is way too boring.
Check it out: Black Milk Museum
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The S&P anxieties not only regard Poland. What will happen to the zloty? [CINKCIARZ.PL ANALYST'S OPINION]
18 Jan 2016 9:40|Conotoxia.com
The Friday's decrease in Poland's long-term credit rating made by the American Standard & Poor's rating agency was a real surprise. Especially that its main reason were the anxieties of the country's institutional stability. How may the zloty behave in the following days and months considering this situation? Marcin Lipka, Cinkciarz.pl currency analyst answers this question.
Surprise, shock, incredulity, or - as it was said in the official announcement from the Polish Ministry of Finance - “incomprehensible decision”. This were the feelings that many economists and market's participants (probably not only in Poland, but also abroad) had on last Friday's afternoon. The Standard & Poor's agency (S&P) announced a decrease in the Polish rating from A- to BBB+. This reviewed the perspective from positive to negative.
Many market's observers felt surprised because of a few reasons. First of all, it is the scale of the decrease. The change of long-term credit rating on the level A- (positive perspective) could consist in decreasing the perspective itself to neutral, or further on to negative. If, however, the decision is made about cutting the whole rating, then at least the suggestion of another movement could be neutral. But the selected solution assumes a greater likelihood of further reduction of long-term credit rating than its raising, which is a negative perspective.
Second of all, since 1995 the agencies were only increasing Poland's rating. There was not a case when it would be reduced. This is probably one of the reasons for a strong reaction on the currency market.
Another surprising element is the decision's reasoning itself. The S&P claims that (quote from the Polish Press Agency) “since winning the elections in October 2015 the Polish government initiated a lot of legislative actions, which in our opinion weaken independence and effectiveness of crucial institutions as it is seen in our institutional evaluation”.
Many foreign economists are also quite surprised. This is the new era of ratings, in which the rating agencies tell us that they are more concerned with political events and perspective of reform, than with the positive economic foundations that may sustain the country's rating – said Simon Quijano-Evans, the London based Commerzbank AG economist, who was cited by the Bloomberg agency. However, he added that he will recommend the reduction of exposition on the Polish debt to his clients.
Not only the Polish example
On the other hand, it is worth noticing that the S&P was focusing on the matters related to a general political stability for a longer time. The document from November 6th 2015 entitled “Why is politics significant for the ratings” mentions the case of the United States. In 2011 its rating was cut from AAA to AA+ with a negative perspective due to “political risk, and growing debt”.
The similar situation is currently concerning also the United Kingdom. According to the S&P, its government's decision about the referendum regarding the country's membership in the European Union shows that “the economic policy can be exposed to a greater risk of party policy than it was previously expected”. On June 12th 2015, the perspective of the British rating was decreased to negative.
In November the agency also reminded a decrease in ratings of nine of the euro zone's countries in January 2012. At that time the S&P wrote: “our opinion regarding the effectiveness, stability, and predictability of the European authorities and political institutions is not as strong as previously expected”.
Economic reasons and further consequences
Apart from institutional matters, the S&P expects an increase in deficit of public finance sector in 2016 to 3.2% of the GDP. Elements of increase in expenses mentioned by the agency are the announced, or planned, changes containing (cite from the Polish Press Agency) “withdrawal of the pension reform, which will decrease the pension age back to 60 years for women and 65 years for men; higher benefits for children due to the 500+ program; higher tax-free amount and minimal wage; free medicines for the seniors”.
On the other hand, Bloomberg informs that the agency “can continue to decrease the rating, if it finds that there was a further weakening of independence, credibility, and effectiveness of key institutions, especially the NBP”. “Additionally, the rating can be decreased if public finance significantly deteriorate beyond our base case scenario, and the balance of incomes and expenses becomes more negative”.
When it comes to for the effects of the S&P decision, the one mentioned by Magdalena Polan is very likely to be the most significant, considering the complexity of the whole situation. The Goldman Sachs economist quoted by the Bloomberg agency, claims that a decrease in long-term credit rating may reduce the demand of more conservative investors with raw rating's criteria (such as the central banks) for the Polish assets.
Poland also claims that the agency's decision will “reduce the wallet of obligations kept by long-term investors, and increase sensitivity of the Polish debt and the currency market for the external sentiment and level of interest rates abroad”.
Hypothetical reaction on the zloty
On Friday, right after announcing the S&P decision about cutting the rating, the zloty wore off by 0.10 PLN to the basic currencies. The euro costs currently almost 4.50 PLN. This is the highest level for four years. On the other hand, the dollar costs 4.11 PLN. This means that the American currency is the most expensive for more than 13 years.
One can find many similarities on the market, which are related to a decrease in the country's long-term credit rating. They are, among others, recent examples of decreases in ratings of the emerging markets like Brazil and the Republic of South Africa. Currencies of these countries continue to lose value. On the other hand, the above examples do not reflect the situation in Poland. Economic situation in Latin America or the RSA is significantly worse than in our country. Moreover, these countries are significantly dependent on export of increasingly cheaper raw materials.
A similar example, although still not completely perfect, is the S&P cutting Hungary's rating from A- to BBB+ with a negative perspective on June 15th 2006. The scale of the movement was similar, and additionally parameters of the Hungarian economy are resembling the Polish one. Also, throughout the years the forint was strongly correlated to the zloty. This is a proof that investors treat these currencies in a similar way.
At that time the forint wore off to the euro by approximately 5% within just two weeks. However, this movement was relatively quickly reversed, and in mid-July the Hungarian currency returned to the level from before depreciation. This was probably caused by the relatively positive attitude of the region (at the same time, the zloty gained barely 4%).
The debt market can be a certain danger for the zloty. During the following days its volatility will probably be high. Some of investors may reduce their positions, and some may search for the occasions on the market, encouraged by a lower evaluation of the PLN, and higher profitability of the bonds. This is likely to increase even more the level of the zloty's fluctuations, and probability of the euro or the dollar going clearly above the level of respectively 4.50 PLN and 4.10 PLN.
The S&P decision has a negative impact on Poland's image, and also evaluation of the bonds and the zloty. However, in a few weeks’ time it will probably lose a direct influence on the debt market and the national currency. It is because the market will begin to focus on the global events, and current macro publications from the country.
On the other hand, if the situation in the world or in Poland deteriorates, the investors’ reactions on the zloty and the bonds will probably be even more nervous than it was before. It may also have an impact on the real economy. This may reflect in higher costs for the enterprises related to fluctuations on the currency market. The global commotion may also cause the foreign investors to expect higher profits from the Polish bonds. This could increase a cost of the foreign debt's service.
Thus, rebuilding the previous position can be difficult and time-consuming. If the situation does not improve, investors are very likely to quickly remind the example of Hungary. Since the first cutting from the level A- to BBB+, this country's long-term credit rating decreased during three years to the level of BBB-. After two next years it decreased to speculative-grade. Currently, every rating agency estimates Hungary below investment grade.
Just how overvalued is the franc? [CINKCIARZ.PL ANALYSIS]
Cinkciarz.pl is an official guest of the prestigious Leaders Meet Innovation
Even cheaper gas? Forget about it [CINKCIARZ.PL ANALYST'S OPINION]
7 Jan 2016 9:38
Cinkciarz.pl is 7 times a winner of the global Bloomberg rank
How much do we overpay for gas? [NINE CHARTS]
Even when the fuel is for free, the Poles will still pay 3 PLN per litre
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How To Watch NUC All World Game 2021 Online and Tv Channels
2 de dezembro de 2020 By admin Leave a Comment
NUC All World Game Brings Together Some Of The Very Best Athletes From Around The USA. To Play in an an All Star Game Week That Will Take Place For Athletes in each grade of High School.
The Games That Will Take Place That Week. All athletes will particpate in a game that will allow them to be view live on all 3 major social livestreaming platforms, Twitter Live, Facebook Live and Periscope Live. The game will also be streamed on nucsports.com, nucsportsmag.com and nucallamerican.com and archived as well. In 2018 the game was streamed to over 5 million viewers, including every college in the USA.
1 When and Where is NUC All World Game 2021?
2 NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream All Over The World
3 NUC All World Game 2021 on Without cable
4 NUC All World Game 2021 on a Device
5 NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream on Social Network
5.3 Twitter
5.4 Instagram
5.5 Tumblr
6 NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream using VPN services
When and Where is NUC All World Game 2021?
NUC All World Game 2021 will air on Friday, February 19, 2021. Dallas, TX is the selected place for NUC All World Game 2021.
NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream All Over The World
Sports is a very famous event not only in the USA but also in Various Countries. There is a lot of fans in The World who love to enjoy Sports. So it is possible to enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream from any corner of the world. For this, you need to know some channels and information. Only for the fans, we are sharing this. Let’s know about that.
You can watch NUC All World Game 2021 Live on Sky from the UK. Sky UK Limited is a British broadcaster and telecommunications company that provides television and broadband Internet services, fixed-line and mobile telephone services to consumers and businesses in the United Kingdom. For the basic service, here’s what you pay: Installation: £0, £30 or £60 – Free if you get a Sky+HD box! You only pay the installation once.
NUC All World Game 2021 match will broadcast on ITV. ITV is a British free-to-air television channel. Previously a network of separate uniquely identifiable regional television channels, ITV currently operates in England, Wales, Scotland, the Isle of Man, and the Channel Islands. From 2001 until 2013, the primary ITV channel was called ITV1.
BT Sport is a group of pay television NUC All World Game 2021 channels provided by BT Consumer; a division of BT Group in the United Kingdom and Ireland that was launched on 1 August 2013. The channels are based at the former International Broadcast Centre at the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in London.
Movistar TV is a subscription television service operated by Telefónica. Currently, the service is available in Chile, Perú, Colombia, El Salvador, Venezuela, and Argentina. In Spain, this service merged with the satellite platform Canal+, resulting in a new platform called Movistar+. You can enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream From Latin America.
When it comes to Sports in Japan, several TV companies are covering the sport on a free-to-air basis. These include the likes of Fuji TV and TBS. There is also however a major paid TV channel that covers Sports in Japan, with regular live shows as well as numerous archive shows. That is NTV G+, which we refer to as just G+ for simplicity purposes. Fran From Asia can enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream By using G+.
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Fans From New Zealand can enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream on TVNZ. Television New Zealand, more commonly referred to as TVNZ, is a state-owned television network that is broadcast throughout New Zealand and parts of the Pacific region. Although the network identifies as a national, part-public broadcaster, it is fully commercially funded.
Show Club will telecast NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream. Show Club is a 1999 American film directed by David Fincher and starring Brad Pitt, Edward Norton, and Helena Bonham Carter. It is based on the 1996 novel of the same name by Chuck Palahniuk. Norton plays the unnamed narrator, who is discontented with his white-collar job. He forms a Show club with soap salesman Tyler Durden.
Teleport was the first Romanian NUC All World Game 2021 channel launched on 1 December 2003, by Silviu Prigoana, the man behind Taraf TV and Ethno TV. In March 2008, Realitatea-Caţavencu Group bought the station and brought a new team to manage the channel, team led by Vlad Enăchescu, a former manager at TVR1. You can enjoy your favorite NUC All World Game 2021 Live on Teleport.
NUC All World Game 2021 on Without cable
Behind This Modern World, There Is Another World That Is Called Internet World. If You Want To Watch NUC All World Game 2021 Online Without A Cable, You Have To Find The Online Accessible Channels. Watching Without A Cable Is A Prevalent Choice For Those With High Mobility, Or Simply Those Who Don’t Want To Use Cable. It will be The Best Streaming Services For You. There are many without cable site, for your knowledge we are sharing some of those.
It will be one of The Best options to enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 live streaming. For international users, It Can Be the Better choice for you. DirecTV Now Is The Channel Under The Umbrella Of AT & T. Any Package You Can Free Travel For A Week. Direct TV is one of America’s most popular satellite channels.
DirecTV Now starts at $40 per month with its Live a Little package, which includes more than 60 live channels. DIRECTV NOW lets you stream your favorite channels and On Demand titles for a low monthly price. There’s no bulky hardware or annual contracts required, but you will need hours on end to watch the news, NUC All World Game 2021, movies, and more on DIRECTV NOW. You can also stream on your computer and mobile devices.
FuboTV Is One Of The Better Option To The Streaming Channel. Fubo TV Is Available For All NCAAF Lovers For All Times. For Watching NUC All World Game 2021, You Can Use Fubo TV You Are Anywhere It Doesn’t Metter. To Gating Access To Fubo Tv, You Can Use iPhone, iPad, Mac, Android, Laptop, as well as PC.
You can enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream On Sling TV. It is an American streaming television service operated by Sling TV LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Dish Network. Unveiled on January 5, 2015, at the Consumer Electronics Show, the virtual multichannel video programming distributor aims to complement subscription video-on-demand services for cord-cutters, offering a selection of major cable channels and OTT-originated services that can be streamed through smart TVs, digital media players, and apps.
NUC All World Game 2021 on a Device
In This Modern Era in 2020, Smartphone Is The Most Using Thing To Watch Anything, To Get Information About Anything, And So On. For The Users Of Smart Phone We Are Ready To Give You The Information, So That, You Can Always Enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live Show. You Can Install Official Broadcasting Software. Or You Can Get Access By Using Smartphone To Following Our Instruction. Always Follow Our Site And Enjoy The NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream On Device. Let’s know about some apps to enjoy the NUC All World Game 2021.
Roku is an app, which will provide you NUC All World Game 2021 Live streaming. After setting up Roku, access the Roku channel store for adding new channels. By entering the focus channel in the search bar, you will find an app, now install it. You have to subscribe to the channel from your devices to get access to Roku. You can access Roku by using the information on Channel. Then you will enjoy the live Event NUC All World Game 2021.
Kodi is a free and open-source media player software application developed by the XBMC Foundation, a non-profit technology consortium. Kodi is available for multiple operating systems and hardware platforms, with a software 10-foot user interface for use with televisions and remote controls. Here you can enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live.
If you can’t watch the NUC All World Game 2021 Live from anywhere, you can use other online streaming channels like Apple tv or iPad. Apple tv provides the streaming service per month. Apple tv gives other facilities. Apple tv provides a full HD video. It is also one of the low-cost online streaming channels. There is no free travel on this Apple Tv. This is not a big deal for you to spend per month on your entertainment. Hurry up, don’t be late to subscribe to the Apple TV.
NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream on Social Network
We live in a modern era. In recent times, Social Network is the most popular option for NUC All World Game 2021 Live Streaming. Most people want to enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 on Facebook Live Streaming, Reddit is also a better option to enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live. Twitter is a great option to get NUC All World Game 2021 event news online. You can also enjoy the event by using Instagram and YouTube. The web-based social network will voluntarily boost The NUC All World Game 2021 content. Chances are, you will catch up with the entire event through all of the popular social media sites. Let’s know the details about social media.
Facebook is the most popular social media. Although it is very popular, people come to Facebook to get information about NUC All World Game 2021. Facebook has also added live broadcasts recently. In recent times, Facebook has started streaming high voltage events. So, people can cut off Red from wasting time to find NUC All World Game 2021 live streaming site. Since Facebook is live streaming NUC All World Game 2021, you shouldn’t find anything without Facebook. Facebook streaming is one of the best ways to watch NUC All World Game 2021 Live online. Facebook Live is an effective way to watch NUC All World Game 2021 Live. People all over the world are willing to enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live. Some people will come to Facebook to live to show NUC All World Game 2021.
Reddit is also a social media service. Using Reddit will give you access to the NUC All World Game 2021 event. Because Reddit is going to stream NUC All World Game 2021 Live. Reddit is an easy way to watch NUC All World Game 2021 Live Online. We know the social site is trying to stream a famous event. So NUC All World Game 2021 in one of them. We have seen that Reddit streaming is a very popular way in this day and age. If your luck is your favorite, you can watch your favorite NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream on Reddit.
Reddit Signup!!
1.Start at Reddit.com.
2.Register an account in seconds by going to the upper right-hand corner on the homepage and clicking Register.
3.Choose a Username and Password (and email, if you choose) and click, Create an Account.
4.In seconds, your new account has been created!
Twitter is one of the most famous social services such as Reddit or Facebook. But Twitter won’t live stream NUC All World Game 2021. But by using twitter you can get any updates or information about NUC All World Game 2021 Show. Twitter will update any time of news about the event. Thus, Twitter can be the best site to get NUC All World Game 2021 live news.
The pricing for the premium APIs ranges from $149/month to $2,499/month, based on the level of access needed. The first premium offering, the Search Tweets API, is launching today into public beta. This will give developers the ability to access the past 30 days of Twitter data.
Twitter Signup!!
1.Use your web browser to navigate to the Twitter website.
2.Click the large yellow Sign Up for the Twitter button.
3.Type your desired username and basic information in the appropriate fields.
4.Consider two additional options.
5.Click the large yellow Create My Account button.
6.Type the CAPTCHA code in the field, if you’re prompted to do so.
7.Follow the on-screen tutorial to find people you know.
8.To confirm your email address, log in to the email account you used to sign up for your Twitter account.
9.Open the email, and click the blue Confirm Your Account Now button or click the link in the email.
Instagram comes into the picture, it won’t belong. But in this short amount of time, Instagram is becoming one of the best streaming services like other social media. By using Instagram you can enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 live. Because Instagram has already aired a lot of events recently. Which are very popular all over the world. But one thing you have to remember: you will get the Live for a short time. But in this short amount of time, you will get the correct information about NUC All World Game 2021. Don’t panic to enjoy your favorite NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream. You get it on Instagram.
For $10 a month, they get access to a private Instagram and priority treatment in his inbox. Instagram is a free photo and video sharing app available on Apple iOS, Android, and Windows Phone. People can upload photos or videos to our service and share them with their followers or with a select group of friends. They can also view, comment, and like posts shared by their friends on Instagram.
Instagram Signup!!
1.Go to instagram.com.
2.Click Sign up
3.Enter your email address
4.Create a username and password or click Log in with Instagram to sign up with your Instagram account.
5.If you register with an email, click Sign up. If you register with Instagram, you’ll be prompted to log into your Instagram account if you’re currently logged out.
By using Tumblr You can Watch NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream. Tumblr is an American microblogging and social networking website founded by David Karp in 2007 and currently owned by Automattic. The service allows users to post multimedia and other content to a short-form blog. Users can follow other users’ blogs. Bloggers can also make their blogs private.
Tumblr is a free microblogging service that allows you to post short blog posts, images, links, videos, audio, and quotes on a personalized URL that can be shared with others. Premium themes can be purchased directly from Tumblr or a variety of third-party websites. You’ll pay $3.99 for one month, $7.99 for three months, $19.99 for a year-long subscription to the console’s online service.
Tumblr Signup!!
1.In your web browser, go to www.tumblr.com.
2.Enter your email address, a password, and your chosen username.
3.If you enter a username that’s already being used by someone else, a list of similar names appear. Choose one of these by clicking on it, or type a different name.
4.Once you’ve entered an available username, click Sign up.
NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream using VPN services
There are millions of viewers outside the AU and NZ who are not allowed to watch the NUC All World Game 2021 event on the official channel. If you want to solve this problem, you can use a VPN. By using a VPN you can unblock any websites that have been blocked by your government or the authority of those sites. Initially, you need to buy a subscription for a legal VPN service. After purchasing a VPN service, you will be able to access the event’s broadcast channels. You will get a new coverage area IP address. Then connect your VPN to the IP addresses as we will mention below. Check it out and enjoy it.
ExpressVPN is a virtual private network service offered by the British Virgin Islands-registered company Express VPN International Ltd. The software is marketed as a privacy and security tool that encrypts users’ web traffic and masks their IP addresses.
VPN is one of the most essential elements to enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live Streaming. Sometimes, you can’t get access to any Show. Then you need to use VPN. ExpressVPN is a very popular VPN. It is also one of the most uses VPN. In this case, if you want to enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream, you can use ExpressVPN.
ExpressVPN has three subscription options: $12.95 billed each month, $59.95 billed every six months, and $99.95 billed annually.
VyprVPN is a virtual private network service provider offered by Golden Frog, GmbH. VyprVPN was developed by the internet privacy company Golden Frog GmbH in 2009 and is incorporated in Meggen, Switzerland.d. The software is marketed as a privacy and security tool that encrypts users’ web traffic and masks their IP addresses.
VyprVPN has more than 7000 servers in approximately 70 countries. This VPN on most devices. You can take a 3-day trial with VyprVPN, after the trial ends you have to pay $ 6.67 monthly to purchase a plan. As other VPN, connect to the US server, you can access the broadcast app. This is one of the most popular VPNs.
Nord VPN operates including 5000 servers in 62 countries around the world. It is one of the best VPN services. You can also subscribe to a three-year plan or monthly subscription. You have to spend $ 2.99 monthly. After you sign up for the VPN, you will need to connect to any network in the US. After that, you have to search for apps or channels to enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream.
VPN is one of the most essential elements to enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live Streaming. Sometimes, you can’t get access to any Show. Then you need to use VPN. NordVPN is a very popular VPN. It is also one of the most uses VPN. In this case, if you want to enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream, you can use NordVPN. NordVPN offers four pricing tiers: $11.95 per month, $83.88 annually, $119.76 every two years, or $125.64 every three years.
By using this VPN you can enjoy NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream. CyberGhost works including 1400 servers from 60 countries around the world. Here you can get a 3-year plan. You have to cast $ 2.75 / month. When you sign up with this VPN you can find the streaming site. Now enjoy your favorite NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream.
CyberGhost is a software company that provides a virtual private network for web browsing. It offers users online privacy and internet traffic security. The company is headquartered in Bucharest, Romania. In 2017, it was acquired by Kape Technologies PLC. A one-month plan with CyberGhost costs $12.99. That’s quite a bit higher than the current industry average of $10.10 per month and significantly higher than the $5.54 per month Mullvad charges.
IPVanish offers more than 1,200 servers from 60 countries. You can use IPVanish VPN simultaneously for different gadgets such as Macintosh, iOS, or Android gadgets. For a premium account, you have to burn $ 6.49 every month. As indicated by certain sites, those servers with the letter ‘a’ are the fastest. You can link this VPN to a Canadian server to access the NUC All World Game 2021 Live Stream application with ease.
IPVanish has a simple pricing scheme with just three options, all of which have the same features. The service costs $10.00 per month, or $77.99 billed annually. You can alternatively opt to pay $26.99 every three months.
Using smart DNS proxies, you can watch the event from outside the restricted areas. This is almost like the VPN service. Smart DNS proxies unblock many other sites and change your geographic location. So it is another method to watch live wherever you live.
NUC All World Game 2021 will be the biggest event of this year 2021. In The Event, famous stars will be a great experience for you, your friends, and your family. I hope you get all information about NUC All World Game 2021 Live Streaming from our site. Because our site is all about NUC All World Game 2021. We have tried to give you information about NUC All World Game 2021 Live online streaming, social media streaming, using the app for streaming, and so on. If you have any questions about anything, feel free to ask us through our contact option. If you need more information, please visit this site.
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Drew Barrymore Syndicated Daytime Talk Show Set For Fall 2020 Launch On CBS Stations
CBS Television Distribution is moving ahead with a syndicated daytime talk show hosted by actress Drew Barrymore, which is on track for a fall 2020 launch.
The CBS Television Stations, which represent 38% of the U.S., have signed on as an anchor station group to launch the new show. That includes flagships WCBS-TV in New York and KCBS-TV in Los Angeles.
The pickup comes less than two months after Barrymore shot a pilot for the potential talker in New York. This marks the first daytime syndicated talk show for CBS TV Distribution in a very long time., It comes at a time when the genre is experiencing a resurgence with a strong launch for NBCU’s Kelly Clarkson talk show and a solid start for Disney’s Tamron Hall talker. Like the Drew Barrymore show, both were launched by their sister station groups.
CBS Rebrands Syndication Division As CBS Media Ventures
This is the second syndicated daytime talk show announced for fall 2020, It joins one headlined by Nick Cannon from Lionsgate’s Debmar-Mercury, which does not have announced station clearances yet.
“We are very excited to be in business with Drew Barrymore and have our stations serve as the launch group for a show that is the brightest prospect I have seen in many years,” said Peter Dunn, President, CBS TV Stations.
This is the first significant new addition in a long time to the CBS stations’ daytime lineup, which has stayed the same for years. Anchored by syndicated juggernauts Judge Judy and Dr. Phil, it also includes the CBS network long-running daytime lineup of The Price Is Right, Let’s Make a Deal, The Talk, The Bold and the Beautiful and The Young and the Restless. Auditing to that local news, there is one floating hour remaining that likely would be used for the Drew Barrymore talker. It features various syndicated shows in the different markets, including back-to-back episodes of Hot Bench in New York and Funny You Should Ask in Los Angeles.
“Drew is a huge star and a breath of fresh air – her show will energize any station’s lineup,” said Steve LoCascio, Chief Operating and Financial Officer of CBS Global Distribution Group. “We’re looking forward to working with Peter Dunn and the CBS Television Stations group to launch this premium show in fall 2020.”
Barrymore long had been interested in headlining a daytime talker. She started conversations with Warner Bros. in 2016 for a syndicated talk show, but the project never moved forward. Out of Barrymore’s relationship with Warner Bros. TV’s alternative/first-run syndication team came her recent stint as a judge on the studio’s CBS competition reality series The World’s Best hosted by James Corden.
“It is beyond my wildest dreams to have this opportunity for a daily talk show,” Barrymore said. “I’m truly thrilled and honored to be creating this show with CBS.”
The new show will be produced and distributed by CBS Television Distribution. Drew Barrymore, Chris Miller and Ember Truesdell are executive producers.
CBS Television Distribution
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Film in Review
By Bill Arceneaux
Sometime around The Village, M. Night Shyamalan’s “sense of humor” began to break away and become a monster. A monster unlike any from his movies. Sure, glimmers of oddities existed before, like in the classroom sequence of The Sixth Sense, but he never relied heavily on it to tell a story, instead focusing on the craft of suspense and mystery. Of course, come to The Happening – a film where Mark Wahlberg, a public school science teacher, runs away from the breeze – M. Night became a sort of joke himself. Just the mere mention of his name in the credits would bring about laughter.
THAT’S a powerful reaction and perception.
His new “original” film, The Visit, seems to tackle these perceptions head on and with gusto. It’s clear that M. Night knows how audiences feel about him, but does he care to change it? The Visit suggests that, perhaps, he’ll just use it all as fuel for his filmmaking that, I say, is the smart move. And, trust me when I say, The Visit is a fairly smart movie. Sure, there are elderly shenanigans and “general poopery” (you’ll know what I mean when it happens) at play, not to mention the fact that this is more a dark comedy of unfortunate events than straight up horror – a pleasant surprise given that the trailer for a Christmas horror straight out of the ‘80s, Krampus, played prior to the screening. Yes, a pleasant surprise.
Here and there, I squirmed in my seat at the sound of dialogue that felt like jokes from a Michael Bay flick, and was reminded of Jake Lloyd’s acting as Anakin Skywalker in The Phantom Menace (true horror). However, when you give in to the notion that what we’re watching was shot and cut by a two-person team of siblings, you start to feel comfortable. They’re spunky, they’re contemporary, and they’re on fire. It’s an energy I haven’t been used to in a decade, so you’ll excuse my eye-rolling behavior when seated.
The near brilliant element to The Visit is in expressing to us a film within a film that, very slyly, deals in self-perception and of those being observed. Sure, it jumps into found footage territory momentarily, but don’t let that fool you. Instead of being raw video strung together, we get something cut with purpose and vision. It comments not only on the events that happened but on how it’s presenting the events that happened. I’m trying very hard not to spoil anything, but the very framing device of the movie suggests the end results. So, how about I explain via a bullet list? Here:
There are three sets of eyes behind this movie within the movie: those of the cameramen the director and the editor. Each set is seeing the events from a different perspective and understanding.
The language and fabric of cinema are brought up and put on display. We see as the director changes course and learns as the events continue. We see both in present and in the future tense, through the camera, direction and the editing.
Ultimately, the movie within is used as a weapon against what happened, both literally and figuratively.
What M. Night cooked up is a clever film school lecture blended with a twisted story using a tired genre. It’s almost a sight to behold once you move away from the ROFL moments – and there are quite a few. Did criticism of his work cause this filmmaker to break down and make a scaled back examination of the medium we all love? I dunno. But I like this guy. Where was he when kids were bending the air?
4 / 5 *s
For more from the author, follow him on Twitter at @BillReviews and @FlickFadeCast
LeisureLifestyle
Whether you’re a visitor to Baton Rouge for a weekend or live nearby looking for a quiet getaway, Baton Rouge has some stunning Airbnbs that cater to any kind of getaway you desire. Mid-City Cozy Poolside Studio...
Hornsby may be out for the season
Down in the Depth
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Home > Research and Graduate Studies > Harry Reid Center for Environmental Studies > The Nuclear Science and Technology Division > The Nuclear Science and Technology Division > HRC TRP Reports > 2
University of Nevada, Las Vegas Advanced Accelerator Applications University Participation Program: Quarterly Report, Third Quarter (September to November 2001)
Anthony Hechanova, University of Nevada, Las VegasFollow
This Quarterly Report is a primary deliverable from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) Advanced Accelerator Applications (AAA) University Participation Program (UPP) Director to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) as described in the UNLV AAA proposal and Statement of Work for the Third Quarter.
The UNLV AAA UPP Director implements the program’s administration using staff from the Harry Reid Center for Environmental Studies (HRC) to ensure that work conducted under the UNLV AAA UPP meets program objectives. The UNLV AAA UPP consists of three components: Program Support, Research Infrastructure Augmentation, and Student Research.
Education; Higher; Radioactive wastes; Research; University of Nevada; Las Vegas; Advanced Accelerator Applications; University Participation Program
Hechanova, A. (2001). University of Nevada, Las Vegas Advanced Accelerator Applications University Participation Program: Quarterly Report, Third Quarter (September to November 2001).
Available at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/hrc_trp_reports/2
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Playoffs? Playoffs?!? Here’s the Patriots road to the playoffs
The Patriots dropped a disappointing game to the Houston Texans, 27-20, on Sunday and are now seeing their chances of playing in the postseason dwindle. The Patriots showed some flashes of good play, but as has happened in several of their losses this season, execution at the end of each half killed New England.
The game ended with a Hail Mary that was caught 10 yards short of the end zone. New England was not able to move far enough forward for a reasonable chance in part because Gunner Olszewski did not fair catch the Texans final punt and wasted precious seconds to gain a few yards. The previous possession saw the Patriots have a fourth and four at the Texans 24 yard line, but Houston brought intense pressure and Cam Newton wasn’t able to find a receiver open. He was only able to fling the ball a few yards forward and it fell harmlessly incomplete.
The real killer for New England was the last five minutes of the first half. With five minutes to go, the Patriots led 10-7. By halftime, they were down 21-10. Their defense was shredded and could not hold the Texans to even a field goal on back to back possessions, allowing touchdowns on both. While the Patriots defense was getting run by, the offense was stagnant, punting on two out of their final three possessions including a three and out in between the two Houston touchdown drives.
Needless to say, Sunday’s result was frustrating and disappointing. With Miami, Baltimore, and Las Vegas all losing, New England squandered a great chance to gain a game on all of them. Newton and the offense have now had four games in which they were losing by seven points or less with less than five minutes to go and had the ball. They have lost all four of those games. The Patriots are not totally dead, but their road to the playoffs has shrunk to a balance beam.
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Valarie Jenkins Doesn’t Re-Sign With Innova, Cites Lack Of Support
January 6, 2017 by Charlie Eisenhood in Livewire, News with 0 comments
Jenkins tees off during the final round of the 2016 “Steady” Ed Masters Cup in Santa Cruz, California. Photo: PDGA
2016 World Champion Valarie Jenkins has not re-signed a sponsorship contract with Innova for the 2017 season after 12 years with the company, she announced on her website today.
According to her post, she will not be signing a new sponsorship with another disc manufacturer.
“I’m not leaving to join another team or to chase down a higher paying contract,” she wrote. “I am leaving because of the countless honors I have been denied, because I am a woman. If we want things to change the future landscape of women’s disc golf, we need these leading companies to support and promote their best female athletes with the same respect as they give the men on their team.”
Jenkins made clear that she was dissatisfied with the state of affairs with her Innova contract.
“It is important for women in this male-dominated sport to stand up for what they believe in and make a difference for the women who follow in our footsteps,” she wrote. “In the end, as a women’s disc golf ambassador, I need to live like I preach, and I can no longer represent a company that won’t go out on a limb for one of their team’s best players.”
Ultiworld Disc Golf will have more on this story early next week.
Charlie Eisenhood
Charlie Eisenhood is the publisher of Ultiworld Disc Golf.
TAGGED: Innova, Valarie Jenkins, Women's
Five Promoted To Innova Champion Team
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Samsung confirms Notchless Infinity screen on the Galaxy A90
Arvind Rana· March 22, 2019
It looks like companies like to reveal details about their upcoming devices. Recently, Huawei accidentally made the page for the P30, and P30 Pro live on its website that gave us a pretty good look at the design. Now, Samsung confirmed that the upcoming Galaxy A90 would have a Notchless Infinity Display. If you don’t know, Samsung Galaxy A90 is coming with a pop-up camera module that contains not only the front camera but also the rear camera(s).
Now, there are also sources that claim A90 is having a rotating mechanism so that there is a single camera setup, but it’s used for both normal photos as well as the selfies. There could be a 48 Megapixel camera on the phone like many phones launching this year.
On the official site, Samsung confirmed that the Galaxy A90 is the only phone among the upcoming ‘A’ series phones that has a Notchless Infinity Display. This means there is no cutout or notch. Also, there is no punch-hole display since the phone has a pop-up mechanism for the camera(s).
Now, there are rumors that Samsung would launch the phone has the Galaxy A80. So, that’s something which is not confirmed yet since the official website suggests the name to be Samsung Galaxy A90. Maybe the company launches the phone with a different name in other markets.
The launch is most probably happening on April 10th as the company has already announced that new ‘A’ series phones will be launched on that day.
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You are here: Home / In the Media / 500 Rabbis Gather at Moscow Summit
500 Rabbis Gather at Moscow Summit
Photo by Yehezkel Itkin
A total of 500 rabbis from over 30 European countries arrived at the Moscow Jewish Community Center this week to discuss the issues of the development of Jewish community life and fight against anti-semitism in Europe, the press service of the Federation of Jewish Communities of Russia (FJCR) said.
“The very fact that such a large-scale conference of rabbis is being held in our country suggests positive changes, which happened in Russia in the past decade. Owing to the stringent policy of the country’s government against any manifestation of anti-semitism, this occurrence becomes marginal. The religious communities are carrying out vigorous educational and spiritual activities in all populated localities in the country, not only in its major cities,” Russian Chief Rabbi Berel Lazar said in his speech at the event.
The state is returning religious property to believers, new churches instead of the ones destroyed in the last century are being built every year, the ties between the representatives of the traditional religions are developing, Lazar said.
“Unfortunately, it is not like that in Europe. We often witness misunderstanding, open enmity and clearly anti-semitic outbursts. The situation is so critical that many Jewish people living in Europe are seriously considering emigration,” he said.
In these conditions it is important to provide European Jews with spiritual support and share experiences with them, the rabbi said.
The European Rabbis Summit started its work in Moscow on Sunday. The rabbis will also visit Smolensk, Lubavichi in the Smolensk region, Liozna and Liady in Belarus, as well as Almaty. They will visit graves of the righteous people related to the Hasidism history and participate in collective prayers and various events.
Filed Under: In the Media, Life in the FSU Countries Tagged With: Chabad
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How to Fireproof California's Electric Grid
High-tension power lines are seen against a burning landscape during the Creek Fire in Fresno County, California.
Photo: Josh Edelson (Getty Images)
California isn’t equipped to handle the emerging hotter, drier climate. That includes its electric grid.
This past week, utility company PG&E shut off power to some 172,000 households, forcing people to bear triple-digit temperatures without air conditioning. It mirrors choices the utility made last year in an attempt to stave off electric infrastructure sparking fires, something that happened in the 2018 wildfire season from hell with deadly consequences. The state has also seen rolling blackouts this year in the midst of record-setting heat waves.
The grid, as it exists, is simply not sustainable. Blackouts put people in harm’s way, whether its cutting them off from access to critical wildfire alerts or reducing access to air conditioning and life-saving medical devices like respirators or medicine that needs to be kept cold. Simply accepting that electricity and fires can’t co-exist isn’t an option, though. But PG&E and other utilities across the West as well as communities themselves have steps available right now to to get their infrastructure up-to-date with the more fiery present and future.
First, we have to understand how we got here. While the climate has made forests more flammable, the infrastructure there has often provided the spark to ignite them. Downed PG&E wires caused at least 1,500 fires over the course of six years, including the deadly Camp Fire of 2018.
“PG&E has done so little to maintain or replace power lines that need work, which is part of why they’re so volatile,” said Jessica Tovar, energy democracy organizer at Local Clean Energy Alliance.
The Camp Fire, which basically destroyed the entire town of Paradise and surrounding communities, led PG&E to declare bankruptcy. The utility faced huge financial liability for the death and destruction it caused. To reduce fire risks (and exposure to more lawsuits), the utility has taken to intentionally cutting households’ and businesses’ power off. Last year, PG&E shut off power to millions of Californians.
These blackouts may help prevent some from fires from igniting, but at the aforementioned cost to Californians of losing access to air conditioning and other necessities. The power outages this year have created particularly acute conditions as the state suffers under a dense layer of smoke from wildfires running wild up and down the West Coast.
After Sen. Ed Markey won his primary in Massachusetts earlier this month, he had a message: “The…
“With the smoke, it’s so hard to breathe, and it’s making me feel sick. So I have a box fan and an air filter, which helps a lot with breathing, with the headaches” said Tovar, who is based in the Bay Area. “If my power were go out right now with these shutoffs, I wouldn’t be able to run my box fan and filter, and those are the only tools I have right now that help me to feel better.”
There are ways PG&E could make its existing grid more fire-safe. Hiding power lines underground and away from flammable vegetation is perhaps the best available strategy. Last year, the utility promised to bury 200 miles of transmission lines. But that’s a tiny fraction of the company’s 81,000 miles of overhead lines. At $3 million per mile, burying them all would also be wildly expensive. Buried lines are also vulnerable to damage from floods and earthquakes and harder to access for repairs or alterations.
“If there is a component failure on a portion of a line that has been buried it can take much longer to locate and fix,” Eric Fournier, said research director at the California Center for Sustainable Communities at the University of California, Los Angeles. “Alternatively, if there is a need for expanded capacity on such a line then this can become a much more costly issue to address.”
Another possible strategy is to outfit power lines with temperature or wind sensors. These could monitor environmental conditions to alert authorities about potential fire risks. But Fournier says these sensor alerts may not help very much in practice.
“Many long distance transmission lines traverse vast expanses of unpopulated terrain making it difficult to rapidly respond to a fire, even if the timing and location of its ignition are immediately known,” he said.
Other sensors could detect if a power line is falling in order to de-energize it before it hits the ground. But Fournier said that ultimately, these technologies are also liable to fail.
“Technological approaches to risk prevention are all fallible,” he said. “When you are talking about such a large scale network as the electric power grid and the potentially huge number of components that would need to be protected, even if the probability of each individual sensor failing is small, these probabilities will compound in non-trivial ways at the system level.”
Moving toward using fewer transmission lines for energy could be a way to lower fire and blackout risks. One way to do this is to expand California’s use of batteries to store energy. Currently, France’s grid operator is moving toward this kind of system. California has already made strides on the storage front: The state brought the world’s biggest battery online last month amid planned power outages. Expanding this capacity further could reduce the state’s need for long distance power lines. Ketan Joshi, a climate and energy analyst, said in an email that this approach isn’t impervious to failure, but it could lower the risk of widespread outages.
Expanding California’s use of microgrids, locally controlled power systems which produce and distribute energy and can also store it, could also help the state become less reliant on long transmission lines that pipe power to many communities from hundreds of miles away. Since these grids can run separately from the massive PG&E electrical system, they can shelter communities from blackouts—and provide cost benefits, too.
“Microgrids also make sense for communities from a cost perspective. They’d mean we don’t have to depend on expensive power line infrastructure, and that’s good, because on top of it being volatile, it’s expensive,” Tovar said. “We’re paying for the infrastructure it takes to have energy brought to the places where we where we use it, but with microgrids, we could cut out that cost and create energy islands, or energy bubbles you could call them, that are more resilient.”
Though it would be technically possible to completely eliminate California’s use of power lines and have all homes powered by locally sourced energy, Joshi said that’s not likely to happen any time soon.
“The range of places where we demand electricity—apartment blocks, industry, railways, bus charging stations, electric vehicle charging...it’d be a big challenge,” he said. It’s not clear when this would be possible, but he said likely not for decades to come.
What is clear, though, is that however the grid is updated, California (like everywhere else) must move away from fossil-based energy sources. Fossil fuels release the greenhouse gases that are driving the hot, dry conditions. Though PG&E uses far more renewable energy than most other utilities across the country, it still relies on some natural gas. Reducing their and other utilities’ reliance on gas, coal, and other fossil fuels would help reduce the long-term risks of more catastrophic fire weather in the first place.
The transition to a relatively fireproof and climate-friendly grid won’t be easy, and it’s further complicated by PG&E’s fiduciary obligation to its shareholders. So far, PG&E hasn’t done a great job at instilling confidence in Californians that it will make the changes needed. State-ordered reports found that in 2012, the utility company diverted more than $120 million in funds allocated for safety measures like burying power lines, and instead used the money for other purposes, including profit for stockholders and bonuses for executives.
“The only way you can have a stake in a corporate, monopoly utility like PG&E is to be a shareholder,” Tovar said. “If you’re not a shareholder, they’re not accountable to you.”
Tovar’s organization is pushing to expand the state’s existing Community Choice Aggregation program, which allows local governments to take over the job of buying electricity for their residents, bargaining for better rates and pushing for cleaner energy sourcing. The group is also working with other California grassroots environmental organizations on the Reclaim Our Power campaign, pushing for the state to purchase PG&E to make it a publicly owned utility and thereby eliminate the conflict of interest between shareholders and public safety that currently exists.
“Instead of paying to just fix all this expensive infrastructure that the monopoly utilities have imposed on our communities, we should learn by our mistakes and start working on the solutions that we needed yesterday. That’s clean power, that’s resilient power,” said Tovar. “But changing the grid, making it safer, isn’t just about how the energy gets produced, because to change all that, we’re also going to have to change who’s in control of it.”
Arcanum Five
Just bury it underground already. Do the same thing for utility lines in the rest of the country. We all have blizzards, windstorms, tornadoes, derechos (those are a thing now, apparently), simooms, ice storms, hurricanes, and whatever, and putting ALL the utilities underground would be a huge help in just about any state.
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Our thoughts are with our Baton Rouge community today. We have compiled a list of resources available for those who need assistance or who are looking for ways to give back.
If you need to talk, there are counselors available at the Baton Rouge Grief Recovery Center. You can contact them by calling (225) 924-6621.
Our Lady of the Lake Hospital has pulled together a few tips from their physicians on how to talk to your children about violence or sad events in the news.
You can access our InfoGuide on Coping with Traumatic Events & Disasters for resources and books the library offers.
There are several places where you can donate blood:
Our Lady of the Lake Blood Donor Center will be open from 8am-8pm today and tomorrow. They will have normal hours the rest of the week 8 am to 6 pm Monday – Thursday, 8 am to 4:30 pm Friday and 10 am to 2 pm on Saturday. They are located on the first floor of the hospital.
LifeShare Blood Center will be open from 10am-6pm Monday and Wednesday and 8:30am-4:30pm on Friday. You can also visit their website to schedule an appointment. They are located at 3849 North Boulevard.
United Blood Service is located at 8234 One Calais Ave. You can access their website to schedule an appointment to donate.
WAFB has a list of community events planned.
July 18, 2016 July 18, 2016 ebrpl Leave a comment
EBRPL Blu-ray/DVD, EBRPL Cool, EBRPL Events
It’s that time of year again! The 87th Academy Awards air this Sunday, February 22, at 6 p.m. on ABC. Check out the official website for all things Oscar: backstage videos, red carpet galleries, Oscar music moments, and more. Here’s a printable list of the nominees from Fandango or try this interactive Oscar ballot from CNN. And don’t miss the official site of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences (the governing body behind the Awards) for the history behind Hollywood’s most legendary night.
All of this year’s eight Best Picture nominees are available in our catalog (or will be available shortly): American Sniper, Birdman, Boyhood, The Grand Budapest Hotel, The Imitation Game, Selma, The Theory of Everything, and Whiplash.
The Library also offers a great selection of titles about the Academy Awards, including the newly updated 85 Years of the Oscar: The Official History of the Academy Awards by Robert Osborne, Bringing Up Oscar: The Story of the Men and Women Who Founded the Academy by Debra Ann Pawlak, Oscar Fever: The History and Politics of the Academy Awards by Emanuel Levy, Made for Each Other: Fashion and the Academy Awards by Bronwyn Cosgrave, and Behind the Oscar: The Secret History of the Academy Awards by Anthony Holden.
For fun fictional takes on the frenzy of Oscar season, try Best Murder of the Year by Jon P. Bloch, Murder at the Academy Awards by Joan Rivers (yes, that Joan Rivers), Oscar Season by Mary McNamara, and Celebutantes by Amanda Goldberg and Ruthanna Kalighi Hopper (Dennis’s daughter).
Don’t forget to tune in Sunday night!
(Toby Canham/Getty Images)
February 20, 2015 February 19, 2015 ebrpl Leave a comment
Skype with Author Event: Frans de Waal
EBRPL Book, EBRPL Cool, EBRPL Events
Join us next Tuesday, February 24, at 7 p.m. at the Main Library at Goodwood for a spe cial meeting of the RENEW Book Club. Formerly called the Compassionate Book Club, our new name is the RENEW Book Club, which stands for Reading Engaging Nonfiction to Expand our Worldview and this month’s title, The Age of Empathy: Nature’s Lessons for a Kinder Society by renowned scientist Frans de Waal, does just that. Dr. de Waal is a Dutch primatologist and ethnologist, currently serving as the C. H. Handler professor of Primate Behavior at Emory University, and he will be joining us for a Skype Q&A session during the book club meeting! We hope to see you next Tuesday for this special event.
Library Closed for Mardi Gras
Laissez les bons temps rouler! All EBRPL branches will be closed tomorrow (Tuesday, February 17) for the Mardi Gras holiday. We will resume normal business hours on Wednesday the 18th. The Digital Library is open 24/7 though, so you can still access digital magazines, music, and eBooks. See you Wednesday. And in the meantime, why not head over to our Louisiana Love board on Pinterest for Mardi Gras recipes, photos, and more?
PressDisplay
EBRPL Online Resource, EBRPL Something New, EBRPL Travel
We’re pleased to highlight a new addition to our Digital Library: PressDisplay, an online newspaper database that offers instant access to over 3,000 newspapers and magazines from over 100 countries in 60 languages! There’s no special software required or downloading involved. Simply search for a publication by title, country, or language, and you can skip right to your favorite section (Front Page, Entertainment, Sports, you name it). You can then read the articles in full color on your computer or even download, print, or email them as desired. PressDisplay is available from any computer with your library card, so click here and start exploring news from around the world today.
Check out our YouTube video highlighting PressDisplay here:
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Important Events after Ashura
:Ali Hussain Jalali
By: Ali Hussain Jalali
The Night of the Tenth
That night, the sky was red like blood. It was the hardest night for the family of the Prophet. In the emptiness of the desert, they faced the darkness and loneliness of night. During the night, they could hear a voice coining from the darkness. The disguised person recited the following lines of poetry:
"O those who killed Imam Husayn!
Be prepared for the punishment
You are cursed by every Prophet and every religion.
This was not the reward for the Messenger of God.
If he was alive now, he would have cried."
Also oh this night, Umm Salamah had a dream in which she saw the Prophet. He was upset and dust was on his head. When Umm Salamah asked him why he was so dusty, the Prophet replied, "My son was killed and I was digging a grave for him." Then, the army of 'Umar marched towards the women and children and looted whatever was in the tents. When they were done, they set the remaining tents on fire. The soldiers fought over the women, but they resisted, and ran in all different directions.
The soldiers took their robes, rings, and earrings. One of them ripped Umm Kulthum's earrings out of her ears and they bled. A soldier approached Fatimah, daughter of Husayn, crying as he took her ankle bracelet.
She asked him, "Why are you crying?"
He answered, "Because I am stealing this from a daughter of the family of the Prophet."
She asked, "Then, why are you taking it?"
He said, "Because if I do not take it, somebody else will!"
A man came with his spear and herded all the women together. When he looked at Fatimah, he put his eyes on her to snatch her for himself. She ran in the middle of the herd. He went after her and hit her with his spear, knocking her unconscious. Zaynab protected her, drove away the soldier, and then took Fatimah in her lap until she woke up.
There was a woman with Bakr Ibn Wa'il in 'Umar's army. When she saw what was happening to the women, she yelled, "The children of the Prophet of God in this Situation? What is your answer to the Prophet of God? There is no Law but God's. We must take revenge for the Prophet of God!"
Her husband hurried and took her away.
They captured 'Ali al Sajjad, son of Imam Husayn, while he was lying in bed unable to move. Some of them said, "Kill him. Do not leave anyone of them alive."
Others said, "No, wait until we hear our orders from 'Umar."
Shimr took his sword and moved to kill him.
Hamid Ibn Muslim said to him, "Shame on you! Killing a young boy!"
Shimr said, "Ibn Ziyad has ordered to kill all of the children of Husayn."
Hamid sent a messenger to ask 'Umar if it was true, and 'Umar denied. Zaynab put her body on 'Ali and said, "You cannot kill him without killing me!"
'Umar went to check the aftermath and see the women and the battlefield. When the women saw him they cried in his face and cursed him. The army wanted to hurt them but he refused. He ordered them to restrain themselves, and assigned a group to guard them. He called and asked his army, "Who would be willing to come forward and run his horses on the chest of Husayn?"
Ten of them replied, and they trampled over the bodies of the Imam and his followers. 'Umar ordered the heads to be cut off, and all of them were cut off. He distributed them among the chiefs of the various tribes. The tribe of Hurr saved his head from being cut, and took his body away from the battlefield before the army rode their horses over the bodies. Then 'Umar sent the head of Imam Husayn with Khuwali Ibn Yazid and Hamid Ibn Muslim; and the rest of the heads were sent with Shimr. Khuwali took the head and hid it in Kufah away from his wife because he knew that she was a Follower. When she heard women crying for the Imam, she realized that it was the head of Imam Husayn and never put on perfume again. In the morning he took the head to Ibn Ziyad, and recited this poem,
"O governor! You should fill my sacks with gold or silver!
I have killed the most honorable master.
The one who is best in genealogy
And who had the best father and mother."
Ibn Ziyad said, "If you know he was like that, why did you kill him? By God, I am not going to give you anything!"
'Umar remained in Karbala' with the rest of his army and the women until noon of the eleventh day. He gathered all of his dead, buried them, and prayed on them. He left the Imam's body and his followers without burial. After noon he left towards Kufah carrying all of the women and children. They were twenty women all together.
'Ali al Sajjad was twenty three years old. He was on a camel without saddle. His son, Imam Mohammad Baqir, was two years old. The women begged for the army to let them see the dead bodies on their way. The army agreed and took them. When they saw the scene they fell on the bodies, each one kissing and crying on the bodies. Suddenly, Zaynab yelled, "O Muhammad! This is Husayn, stoned by catapults, mixed with blood and sand! His body parts cut off! O, Muhammad! Your children are taken captives and your descendants are killed!"
Then, she put her hand under the body of Imam Husayn, and said, "O God! Accept this sacrifice from us!"
When the army saw this, they cried. Sukaynah dropped onto the body of her father and heard someone saying:
"O my followers! Whenever you drink water, remember me.
And whenever you hear of a stranger or a martyr, cry for me."
Suddenly, Zaynab looked at 'Ali, the only surviving male. She saw him very weak and almost about to faint. She went to him and said, "O the memory of my grandfather, my father, and my brothers! This is the covenant of God to your grandfather and your father. The tyrants of this earth do not understand that. Indeed, the followers of the Prophet's House will come and honor these decapitated bodies, and the parts and limbs that were cut off, and raise a flag on this land, a flag which wouldnever be lowered. The tyrants work day and night to eradicate his name, but whatever they do only increases the respect for his name." The women and children did not want to leave the bodies. Finally, Zajr Ibn Qays came and whipped them with lashes, and they were forced to leave.
In Kufah
When the captured prisoners went into Kufah on their way to Ibn Ziyad's castle, people were gathering to look and see whom the prisoners were. A lady came and asked, "Which war are you prisoners of?"
They said, "We are the prisoners from the House of Prophet Muhammad." They paraded them in the streets to show the people that the army was victorious. People asked questions as they passed and some people gave food. More people gathered giving them food and bread. Zaynab and Umm Kulthum took the food from the kids and gave it back to the people, saying, "Charity given to the Prophet's House is a sin." When Zaynab reached a large group of people, she stood and pointed to the people to be silent. When everyone became quiet to hear what she wanted, she said: "All praises to God and blessings to our forefather Muhammad! O, people of Kufah; people of treachery and deception! You cry? May you never end your crying!"
And she quoted:
"You are like women who untie what they have woven." 20
"You have no one among you but dirty, stubborn, liars, and you have done what will bring the wrath of God!
May you never end your crying! And may your laughs be very few! You carry all of the shame that cannot be washed away again! You have killed the descendants of the Prophet, the Lord's Claim (against you) of your time, and the light of your world. Woe onto you, and you will be humiliated forever! O, people of Kufah! Do you not know what heart of the Prophet you have cut out? Do you not know what honored women of the Prophet's House you have enslaved and dishonored? Do you not know what blood of the Prophet you have shed? Indeed, you have done so grave an error that nothing will be able to take its place! It will be no wonder if the sky rains blood! And the punishment of the Hereafter is the worst punishment."
'Ali al Sajjad noticed some movement among the troops and said to her, "O, my aunt! Please be silent. Indeed you are knowledgeable without being taught." Then Fatimah, daughter of Husayn, spoke :
"Praise God! I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is his Messenger, and that the children of the Prophet were killed at the Euphrates without any help. O, God! You know that I speak the truth and I do not say anything but what is according to the teaching of 'Ali, son of Abi Talib, who was killed in your house. And his son was killed yesterday. He returned to his Lord without any blame. O, God! You have chosen him for Islam when he was a child, and he helped your Prophet when he was young. O, people of Kufah, people of deceit, treachery and arrogance! We are the People of the House of the Prophet. God has made this a trial for you and for us. God has honored us by our Prophet Muhammad. You called us liars and unbelievers. You looted our wealth as if we were the children of Turk or Kabul. Your swords shed our blood—blood of the People of the House of the Prophet. You think you are smart, but God is smarter than you! Whatever reaches us from God is the best."
Then she quoted : "Allah says,
'so you do not grieve over what has missed you, and you may not be happy with what has come to you. Indeed, God does not like proud, arrogant people." 21
"Woe unto you! Wait for the punishment and the curse of God! You have hard hearts and Satan has captured you!"
When they heard this, the people started crying and yelling. Umm Kulthum said, "Be silent, people of Kufah! Your men kill us and your women cry for us. The judge between you and us is God on the Day of Judgment. O, people of Kufah! Woe unto you! What is the matter with you? You kill Imam Husayn, loot his wealth, capture his women, and then cry for him? Do you know what kind of catastrophe you have brought upon yourselves? You have killed the best person after the Prophet! Indeed, the party of God is the successful and the party of Satan is the losers!" People tried to cry and yell more and more. When 'Ali's camel came forward, all the people gathered in the street and saw him in chains bleeding on the unsaddled camel. He pointed to them to be silent, and every one became quiet to hear what he would say. Imam Sajjad began :
"Praises and thanks to God. Bless the Prophet. O, people! Whoever knows me knows me, and whoever does not know me, I am 'Ali son of Husayn son of 'Ali son Abi Talib. I am son of the one whose women are taken captives. I am son of the one whose wealth was looted. I am son of the one whose honor was humiliated. I am son of the one who was killed at the Euphrates and that is a great honor for us. O, people! I ask you, by God, do you know that you wrote to my father and deceived him? That you gave him a promise and broke it? That you fought against him? Woe unto you! By what eyes can you look at Prophet Muhammad when he tells you: You have killed my family and humiliated my honor. You are not from my nation!" The people cried intensely and all of their faces were wet with tears. The Imam said :
"May God bless the person who listens to me and honors my will."
The crowd answered: "Yes, O son of the Prophet of God! We hear you and we obey you. We await your order, for war or peace. We reject anyone who dishonors you." The Imam said, "Hayhat! Hayhat! (Never again! Never again
You, the deceivers! Do you want to do the same to me as you did to my father? The wound has not even healed yet. My father was killed yesterday and we still hear the cries of the People of the House."
The Prisoners Meet Ibn Ziyad
Ibn Ziyad sat on his throne and the head of the Imam was between his hands. He had a stick and he hit the lips of the Imam with it. Zayd Ibn Arqam was standing nearby and suddenly said, "O, governor! Take away your stick from those lips! Indeed, I have seen the Prophet kissing those lips!" And he cried. Ibn Ziyad said, "Indeed, you are a hallucinating old man. You have no mind. If you were not senile, I would have killed you!"
Zayd left the meeting saying, "O, people of Arabs! You are slaves after today! You are slaves of the son of Marjanah (Ibn Ziyad)! He is going to kill the best of you, and he is going to humiliate you, and that is the worst possible life!" Zaynab was with the women, on the side, but not visible to the public. Ibn Ziyad pointed to her and asked, "Who is this woman?"
Someone replied, "This is Zaynab, daughter of 'Ali, Amir al Mu'minin, the Leader of the Faithful."
Ibn Ziyad wanted to humiliate her. He walked towards the group of women, faced her, and said, "Praise God that He has exposed you and killed you and eradicated your caused."
Zaynab replied, "Praise God Who has honored us by His Prophet Muhammad and purified us from filth. Indeed, only the guilty will be exposed, and the sinners will lie, and they are not we. They are someone else, not us."
Ibn Ziyad asked, "What do you think of what God did to your family?"
She said, "I did not see anything but good. These are people on whom martyrdom is written. They went where God wanted them to go. God will gather you and them on the Day of Judgment. Then, you will see what God does to you on the Day of Judgment. Woe unto you, O, son of Marjanah!"
Ibn Ziyad became very angry and was about to kill her, but 'Amr Ibn Harith stopped him and said, "This is a woman, and a woman is not responsible for her emotions." Ibn Ziyad thought for a moment, still staring furiously at Zaynab, then moved away from her and said, "God has made me satisfied with your tyrant and the opposition of your household."
Zaynab answered, "Indeed you have killed the head of my family! You have exposed the women! You have cut all of the roots! If this is what satisfies you, then yes you are satisfied!"
Ibn Ziyad ignored her, but turned his face to 'Ali al Sajjad and said, "What is your name?"
Imam Sajjad answered, "My name is 'Ali son of Husayn."
Ibn Ziyad said, "Did God not kill 'Ali?
Ali al Akbar in Karbala
Imam Sajjad replied, "I had another brother older than me named 'Ali. People killed him."
Ibn Ziyad said, "No! God killed him!"
Imam Sajjad calmly told him, "God makes people die when it is time for their death."
Ibn Ziyad became very angry. He could not stand it any longer, and ordered Sajjad to be killed.
When Zaynab heard this, she ran to where Sajjad was chained and used herself to protect his body, saying, "Is it not enough for you to shed our blood? Have you left anyone else of us alive? If you want to kill him, you have to kill me with him!"
Sajjad said, "Indeed, death is our custom [it has happened to us before], and martyrdom is an honor for us, from God."
When Ibn Ziyad saw Zaynab attached to Sajjad he said, "What a strong family relationship they have! She is willing to die for him!" And he walked away.
The people started talking about what happened, and Ibn Ziyad became afraid. He ordered the chief of the guards to imprison Imam Husayn's family in a special house near the castle, and people gathered to see them.
Because people were trying to get close to the prisoners so they could use them as political pawns, after the governor gave that order, Zaynab announced, "No one should come to see us but slaves, because they are like us." The women and children, and Imam Sajjad were taken to their holding place.
'Abdullah al-Azdi
Later, while the People of the House were imprisoned, Ibn Ziyad made a speech, saying, "The liar of liars, Husayn, was killed."
'Abdullah Ibn 'Afif al Azdi, an old, blind man, interrupted him and said, "You are the liar of liars! You kill the children of the Prophet and you call yourself a Muslim?"
Ibn Ziyad became angry and ordered the guards to capture him and put him in jail. That night many of the people of his tribe went and forcibly took him out of the jail. When Ibn Ziyad found out what happened, he sent troops to go to 'Abdullah's house and burn it down.
The troops came to his home and when they set it on fire, he asked his daughter to bring him his sword. She was crying and wailing. She said, "I wish I were a man so I could fight for you!"
He told her not to worry and ran out of the house with his sword. His daughter was behind him, giving him directions. He was an old, blind man, but she told him where to swing, and 'Abdullah slashed at them with his sword, injuring the guards. Finally, when they captured him and brought him to Ibn Ziyad, Ibn Ziyad said, "God has exposed you!"
'Abdullah asked, "Exposed me of what?"
Ibn Ziyad did not answer him, and asked him, instead, "What do you think of ?Uthman (The third caliph]?"
'Abdullah said, "What does that have to do with anything? Good or bad, God is going to be the judge. If you want to ask me questions, ask me about your father and your mother, I can tell you."
After the insult, the fatherless Ibn Ziyad said, "No, I will not ask you any more, but I will kill you with a unique and original form of death."
'Abdullah said, "I knew I would be martyred before you were born from your mother. When I became blind, I lost that hope, but it seems that hope still exists. Even if you kill me, I am not better than Imam Husayn."
Ibn Ziyad ordered him to be killed and hanged.
Mukhtar in Prison
Mukhtar was imprisoned since the time of Muslim Ibn 'Aqil, but when the prisoners of Imam Husayn's camp in Karbala' arrived in Kufah, Ibn Ziyad ordered the guards to bring Mukhtar from prison and see. When the guards brought him to the governor, Mukhtar was bad mannered and there were harsh words between them. Ibn Ziyad became angry, hit him on his eye with a lash, and ordered him to be returned to prison. After Ibn Ziyad killed 'Abdullah Ibn 'Afif al Azdi, Mukhtar was brought from the prison again. This time, when the guards brought him, Mukhtar said to Ibn Ziyad, "You are the liar, and the Imam is the victorious one in heaven!"
Ibn Ziyad hit him with a pole, broke his forehead, and returned him to prison. Ibn Ziyad did not kill him because the sister of Mukhtar was the wife of 'Abdullah Ibn 'Umar Ibn Kattab who wrote directly to the "king" Yazid, interceding for Mukhtar. While Mukhtar was in prison with two of his friends, one of them said, "We are going to be killed by Ibn Ziyad."
Mukhtar answered him, "Indeed, by God, he cannot kill you nor can he kill me."
Then, Maytham al Tammar, who was in jail with them, said, "You, Mukhtar, aregoing to take revenge for the blood of Imam Husayn, and you are going to kill Ibn Ziyad!"
The Journey to Damascus
Ibn Ziyad sent a messenger to Yazid telling him of the events and waiting for his orders. Then he wrote a letter, tied it to a rock, and threw it into the place where the people of the House of the Prophet were imprisoned. It said, "A messenger has been sent to Yazid and he will be back on such and such a day. When he comes back and you hear 'Allahu Akbar, write your will. If you do not hear it, you have your life." The messenger came back with Yazid's reply that Ibn Ziyad should immediately send the prisoners and the heads to Damascus.
Ibn Ziyad sent the heads with some of his troops, ordering them to put the heads on spears and parade them in front of the caravan, and he ordered them to pass through the cities on the way, and humiliate the family of the Prophet in every city they pass through. On their way they saw some writing painted on a wall, saying, "Is it possible for a nation that killed Husayn to have the intercession of his grandfather on the Day of Judgment?"
On their way, they stopped and a drop of blood fell from the head of the Imam onto a rock and that place is known as Mashhad al Nuqtah (Place of the drop of blood) near Hamah.
Also near Aleppo, there is another place called Mashhad al-Sayrah, because Imam Husayn's wife was pregnant and when they reached that spot, the baby miscarried. He was named Muhsin.
When they came near Damascus, Shimr was leading the caravan. Umm Kulthum asked him not to go from the main road, so people do not look at them with evil eyes. Shimr did exactly the opposite, ordering the caravan to march through the city from the main road, and for all of the heads to be in the middle of the caravan.
Arrival in Damascus
They arrived in Damascus on the first day of the month of Safar. The prisoners were kept in Bab al Sa'At and people went to see them, dancing and using the drums.
Somebody asked Sukaynah, "What prisoners are you?" She answered, "We are prisoners of the family of Muhammad."
Yazid was sitting on his throne in his castle at Jiran when he saw the heads on spears and the prisoners. He recited a poem :
"When I saw the caravan and the heads near Jiran
The crow crowed, and I said,
Whether you crow or not,
I have gotten even with the Messenger of God."
Because of this poem and other displays of hatred to the Prophet, some Sunni scholars believe that Yazid was kafir (unbeliever) and deserves to be cursed.
Sahl Ibn Sa'id came to Sukaynah, daughter of Imam Husayn, and asked, "Is there anything I can do for you?"
She asked him, "Can you tell the one who carries the head to go farther from the women, so people do not look at the women?"
Sahl honored his word and granted her request. An old man came to Imam Sajjad and said, "Praise God that He perished you and made the leader overcome you!"
Sajjad replied, "Have you ever read the Quran, O, old man?"
The old man answered, "Yes."
Sajjad asked, "Have you read the verse:
Say: I do not ask you any reward but love for the near in kin?" 22
He said, "Yes."
Imam Sajjad asked, "Have you read the verse:
So, give the near in kin their rights?" 23
He said, "Yes, of course."
And know that whatever you gain, a fifth of it is for God, and for the Messenger, the near of kin, orphans, the poor, and wayfarers?" 24
The old man answered, "Yes, I have read all of these."
Sajjad said, "Indeed, by God, we are them." Then he asked, "Have you read the verse:
Indeed, God wants to take away pollution from you, O, People of the House?" 25 The old man answered, "Yes."
Sajjad said to him, "We are the People of the House whom God has purified."
The old man's eyes opened wide as he asked, "Are you them?"
Sajjad said, "Yes, (I swear it) by our grandfather Prophet Muhammad. We are them without any doubt."
The man fell to the ground, kissed Sajjad's feet, and said, "I repent to God and reject those who killed you."
When Yazid found out about this, he ordered the man to be killed.
The Prisoners Meet Yazid
The prisoners were ordered to go to Yazid's main hall, and they were all tied together with one long rope. While they were marched towards the castle, they were beaten if they did not go fast.
When they entered the castle and were in Yazid's presence, Sajjad asked Yazid "What do you think the Prophet of God would say if he sees us in this situation?"
The people started to cry and Yazid ordered the rope to be cut. The head of Imam Husayn was in front of him. He looked at Numan Ibn Bashir and said, "Praise God that He killed him."
Numan replied, "Muawiyah, your father, did not want to have Husayn killed."
Yazid answered, "That was before Husayn's movement. If Husayn had started his movement before, my father Muawiyah would have killed him."
Then Yazid faced Sajjad and said, "What do you think of what God has done to your father, Husayn"
Sajjad replied, "I saw what God has written."
Yazid consulted with his advisors about killing Sajjad and most of them agreed to having him killed.
Sajjad said, "O, Yazid! These people are deceiving you. Unlike the people of Pharaoh did when he asked them about Moses and Aaron. They said, 'Leave Moses and Aaron, because the children of Prophets should not be killed."'
Yazid thought and pondered, then Sajjad asked him for permission to speak. Yazid said, "You may speak, but do not talk any nonsense."
Sajjad said, "I am in a position in which I can not talk nonsense. What would you think if the Prophet sees us in this position?"
Yazid ordered Sajjad's chains to be removed, then faced his royal announcers, and told them to praise Muawiyah and humiliate Husayn. When they continued cursing 'Ali and Husayn, Sajjad interrupted them and yelled, "You are trying to please humans against God. You are going to end up in Hell!"
Then Sajjad said calmly, "O, Yazid! Let me go stand in the same place as this man (the announcer) and say what would please God and what would benefit these people."
Yazid refused, but the people insisted on allowing him. The people persisted, and Yazid did not want to anger the people, so he allowed it.
Sajjad said, "Praise God Who has no beginning, Who is eternal. No one was before Him and no one will be after Him. He will remain after the destruction of the whole world.
O, people! We are given six characteristics and we were honored by seven. We are given knowledge, patience, generosity, eloquence, bravery, and love in the hearts of believers; and we are honored that the Prophet is from our family, the friend, Siddiq Tayyar, the Lion of God and the lion of the Messenger, and the two grandsons of this nation.
O, people! Who knows me knows me, and who does not know me, I will tell him who I am in genealogy and character. O, people! I am the son of Mecca and Mina. I am the son of Zamzam and Safa. I am the son of the one who carried the Black Stone with his robe. I am the son of the best of those who wear clothes [are civilized]. I am the son of the best of those who made Tawaf [circumambulating the Ka'bah] and Sa'y [walking between Mount Safa and Mount Marwa, as one of the Hajj pilgrimage rite]. I am the son of the man who rode the Buraq [winged horse] to the end of the horizon, and reached his Lord, and was two bow's shots away from Him. I am the son of the one who prayed with the angels. I am the son of the one who received the revelation.
I am the son of the one who fought with the Prophet of God at the battles of Badr and Hunayn and he ['Ali] did not disbelieve in God even for the blink of an eye. I am the son of the best of believers and the heir of the Prophets and the leader of Muslims, the knight of fighters, the father of Hasan and Husayn, 'Ali son of Abi Talib. I am the son of Fatimah al Zahra', the leader of women, and the great Khadijah. I am the son of the one who was killed and covered with blood. I am the son of the one who was killed in Karbala'. I am the son of the one for whom the Jinn cried, and even the birds on the wind."
When Sajjad said this, people yelled and wailed in an uproar of grief. Yazid began to fear that the situation would escalate, so he ordered the Mua'min 26 to recite the A'An 27 even though it was not prayer time. The Mua'min yelled, "Allahu Akbar! (God is great)" and Sajjad said, "God is greater and more honored than anything I fear!"
Then the Mua'min said, "Ashhadu anla ilaha ilallah [I bear witness that there is no god besides Allah]" and Sajjad said, "Yes, I bear witness with everyone who witnesses that there is no god but Him!"
When the Mua'min said, "Ashhadu anna Muhammadan rasulullah [I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of God]", Sajjad said to the Mua'min, "I ask you by the right of Muhammad to be silent for one minute!"
He faced Yazid and said, "This Messenger of God, is he your grandfather or my grandfather? If you say he is your grandfather, people who are present and all people will know you are a liar, and if you say he is my grandfather, then why did you kill my father unjustly? Why did you loot his wealth? Why did you capture his women? On the Day of Judgment my grandfather will be against you."
Yazid interrupted Sajjad and yelled at the Mua'min to start the prayer, even though it was not time. Some left to pray and others simply left the scene.
Then, he asked for the head of Imam Husayn to be brought to him in a golden washbasin. The women of the family of the Prophet wanted to see what is in the basin, but Yazid did not want them to. When he uncovered it and they saw the head, everyone cried.
Yazid ordered others to enter the room. He took his stick, hit the lips of Imam Husayn, and said, "Now I am getting even for the battle of Badr!" And then recited some poetry.
One of his people yelled that ''Al al-Mustafa' (the family of Heavenly Selected—Prophet Muhammad) are cut into pieces. Yazid hit him in his chest, told him to shut up, and cursed him, saying, "You have no mother!"
Another stood up and asked Yazid to give him Fatimah, daughter of Husayn, as a gift. Fatimah became very scared and clung tightly to Zaynab.
Zaynab raised her voice and said, "Impossible! You cannot have this!"
Yazid replied, "If I want it, I can ...
Zaynab said to him, "If you do not believe in our religion, you can."
Yazid barked at her, "Your father and your brother were not of our religion!"
Zaynab said, "It was by the religion of God, my grandfather, and my father, that you and your father became Muslims!"
Yazid screamed, "You are a liar and an enemy of God!"
Zaynab said, "You are governor. You curse us unjustly and you govern by force."
The man repeated his request for the daughter of Husayn as a gift. Yazid yelled at him, cursed him, and then said to everyone:
"I wish my ancestors were here to see
How their enemies are in fear.
They would be happy
And they would tell me: Yazid, you did a good job!
We have taken their heads, and gotten even
For the battle of Badr.
The Hashim (family of the Prophet Muhammad] played with politics.
There is no revelation and no Messenger.
They lied just to get the leadership.
I am not from my tribe
If I do not take revenge on the descendants of Ahmad."
When Zaynab heard Yazid, she said, "Praises to God and the Messenger of God," and quoted:
"Then, the end result of those who have done evil was evil, because they denied the signs of God, and mocked them." 28
Then she continued, "O, Yazid! You think you have turned the whole world against us, and you have driven us like slaves. You think that you have honor, and you are important. You are holding your nose high, and you are happy, for the world is easy for you, and your kingdom is secure. But, you just wait and see!
Have you forgotten the saying of God:
'And let not those who disbelieve think that whatever we increase for them is the best for them. Indeed, We increase for them so they increase in sin, and they have a humiliating punishment?' 29
Is it just, O, son of Tulaqa, 30 to honor your slaves and drive the children of the Prophet as slaves? You exposed their privacy and exposed their faces. You paraded them from city to city. They had no one to protect them and everyone, near or far, examining their faces! What can we expect from a descendant of those who tried to eat the livers of the righteous people 31 whose flesh grows from the blood of martyrs. What can we expect from someone who grew up with hatred of the Prophet's family?"
Then, she quoted his poem and said, "While hitting the lips of the son of the Messenger of God, how could you say such a thing? Someone like you has to say such things, while you shed the blood of the descendants of Muhammad and the stars of the family of 'Abdul Muttalib. You call your ancestors. Indeed, you will soon go the same way as them. Indeed, you will wish you were mute and did not say what you said and did not do what you did.
O, God! Secure our rights and take revenge on those who treated us unjustly who shed our blood and killed our protectors. O, Yazid, you have not cut anything but your own skin. You have not chopped anything but your own flesh. Indeed, you will face Prophet Muhammad by what you have shed, the blood of his descendants and humiliated his honor!" Then she quoted:
"Do not think of those who have been killed in the way of God as dead. No! They are alive, with their Lord, and bestowed blessings." 32
"And God is the best Judge and Muhammad is the plaintiff and (Archangel) Gabriel is the supporter. And those who made you come to power over Muslims will know what a worse alternative they have chosen and what a weak army they have. Though it is hard for me to speak to you, I belittle you. It is hard for me to look in your face, but the eyes are weeping and the chests are tight.
O! The wonder of wonders is that the party of God, the honored are killed by the party of Satan, those who were given freedom by the Prophet. Their hands are dripping with our blood, their mouths are filled with our flesh, and the bodies of the righteous are scattered on the ground. You took us as prisoners as gains of the war, but soon you will be the loser, when you enter the Judgment of God. We have only Him as our protector. Do whatever you want and plan and scheme whatever you want.
But, by God you cannot eradicate our memory, and you cannot eradicate the revelation (of God) and the shame of this will not leave you. Your view is in vain, and your days are numbered, and your groups will be scattered, on a day in which a caller will call and announce the curse of God on those who are unjust. Praised be the Lord, the One who gave the first of us forgiveness and the last of us martyrdom. And we ask Almighty God to complete the reward for them, and increase for them, and make us the successful ones. Indeed, He is merciful and kind, and God is sufficient, and the Best Protector.
The historian al Bayruni says:
"These actions taken against the Imam were not done to any nation in the world. Using all cheap means possible, such as killing by sword, spearing, catapults, and running the horses on the bodies of the victims."
After the massacre at Karbala', 'Umar Ibn Sa'd, the leader of the army, asked the governor, Ibn Ziyad, for the written promise to make him governor of the city of Ray. Ibn Ziyad said he lost it.
One year after the death of Yazid, Mukhtar revolted against Ibn Ziyad and killed all those who participated in killing Imam Husayn, such as Harmalah ibn Kahil, Shimr ibn dhil Jawshan, and eighteen thousand others who participated in the massacre at Karbala'. Mukhtar ordered then to be killed by cruel and unusual methods of painful torture and death.
Mukhtar did not kill 'Umar Ibn Sa'd, but he ordered the women of the city to sit by the door of his house and cry and wail every night. They did this, and after some time, he became crazy.
20. The Holy Qur'an; Sura of an-Nahl 16:92
21. The Holy Qur'an; Sura of al-Had?d 57:23
22. The Holy Qur'an; Sura of ash-Sh?r? 42:23
23. The Holy Qur'an; Sura of ar-R?m 30:38
24. The Holy Qur'an; Sura of al-Hashr 59:7
25. The Holy Qur'an; Sura of al-Ahz?b 33:33
26. Mua'min is caller for prayer.
27. A'An is the call to prayer.
29. The Holy Qur'an; Sura of Ali-'Imr?n 3:178
30. People of Koreish (The Prophet's rivals) allied each other against Prophet Mohammad and showed him various sorts of bitterness that obliged him to flee his hometown. When God gave him victory against them, they were quite sure he would revenge himself upon them. He said nothing to them but, 'what do you think I am going to do with you?' 'Only the good, for you are a noble brother and the son of a noble brother,' answered they. He said: 'I will repeat the same wording of my brother Joseph the prophet: (Today, you are not condemned.) Go, you are released (Tulaqa).'
31. After the Battle of Uhud, Hind—wife of Abu Sufyan and Yazid'sgrandmother tried to eat the liver of Hamzah Ibn 'Abdul Muttalib (Prophet Muhammad's uncle) after he had been martyred in the battle.
A brief history of the Holy Shrine of Fatima Ma'suma (A)
The Death of the Holy Prophet
The Sacrilegious Act of Destroying Holy Shrines in Jannat al-Baqi Cemetery
Zaynab (S.A.) is like a 'Sun' shining in the Islamic history
Prev: Imam Hassan (AS) - Life History
Next: Imam Sajjad (as) in the Court of Ibn-e-Ziad
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North America > United States of America > Mid-Atlantic > Pennsylvania > Philadelphia Region > Delaware County (Pennsylvania) > Glen Mills
11 Connect
Glen Mills train station (now Thornbury Historical Society)
Glen Mills is an unincorporated community in Concord township and Middletown township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, in the United States of America .
Glen Mills is in Delaware County about 17 miles (27 km) from Philadelphia. Glen Mills is known for its gardens and its golf course. Major offices including Deloitte with a approximately 100 people operating from there.
The area around Glen Mills was part of the original land grant given to William Penn in 1681. George Cheyney was the first settler here, for which the nearby town of Cheyney is named. Later, this land was sold and divided. The name Glen Mills is taken from two paper mills built by the Willcox family, one in 1835 and the second in 1846. From 1864 to 1878, these mills supplied the United States government with a special, patented paper for the printing of government bonds and notes.
The Glen Mills are no longer, but the grist mill built by Nathaniel Newlin in 1704 still stands, and is a popular destination for picnickers and history buffs alike. A blacksmith shop was built on the former property in 1975.
A "wild west" themed restaurant/roadside attraction known as "The Longhorn Ranch" operated in Glen Mills during the 1960s. In the 1980s, that same site was the location of Pulsations nightclub. The site is now a retirement community.
A Glen Mills resident, pilot Michael R. Horrocks, died in the September 11, 2001 attacks. He was the first officer on Flight 175, the second plane to hit the World Trade Center.
Glen Mills is 17 miles from Philadelphia and is easily accessible by cab from the Philadelphia International Airport or by train. Septa Regional Rail offers a stop minutes from Glen Mills at the Elwyn station.
Glen Mills is widely known for its beautiful bike routes and many competitive bicyclists can be seen daily. However, since Glen Mills is somewhat a rural area, driving a car is the best and easiest way to get around.
The rich colonial history and nature in the area can easily spark the interest of any traveler. Glen Mills has a number of parks and is best known for its vibrant and untouched nature. Local children and families are often seen spending time outdoors. Glen Mills also is nearby Ridley Creek State Park, here there are hiking trails and places picnic.
Golf, a very popular sport in the area can be enjoyed at the award winning Golf Course at Glen Mills, which was designed by Bobby Weed and is connected to the Glen Mills Schools (GMS). GMS claims to be the oldest residential facility for troubled youth in the United States and the golf facility is used to train students in golf operations and turf management. The Golf Course at Glen Mills is a spectacular 6,636 yd., par 71 course. The Golf Course at Glen Mills was nationally ranked in the Top 10, and No. 1 in Pennsylvania by Golf Digest as a new, upscale daily fee golf course in 2001. Also at the course, is a grill room that offers breakfast and lunch, a club house, and a pro shop.
Farmer's Markets: An ear of corn or fresh tomato could improve your health, the community and the environment. Pete's Produce is a local favorite and a summer hot spot.
There are many seasonal and holiday related events hosted by the township of Glen Mills. During the fall season there is a pumpkin patch event. On the 4th of July there is a large community oriented parade. Much of the events that take place at Glen Mills include the involvement of the local community.
39.8866-75.52981 Sky Zone Glen Mills. - located in Glen Mills
There are many shopping districts and strip malls in and around Glen Mills. Since Glen Mills is an upper middle class area, there are constantly new places to shop appearing.
There are many places to eat in Glen Mills, it all depends on what you're craving as the variety is very wide.
Bertucci's Brick Oven Restaurant, 501 Byers Dr, Glen Mills. Fine Italian cuisine, a staple for any American town.
P F Chang's China Bistro, 983 Baltimore Pike, Glen Mills. A modern twist on traditional Chinese food.
Pig Out BBQ Pit, 138 Glen Mills Rd, Glen Mills. A locally run organization, this is quite possibly the best BBQ you will find in Pennsylvania.
Ruby's Diner, 919 Baltimore Pike, Glen Mills. A practical and family friendly homage to the golden age of American diners.
Many of the restaurants of Glen Mills are also bars and provide wonderful drinking atmospheres. Most notably is Duffer's.
Duffer's. A local sports bar that provides transportation, known as the "drunk bus" to locals, this is a convenient way to safely enjoy the happy hour.
Just a few minutes from Glen Mills is the town of West Chester, which is widely known for being a college town and therefore has several bars and a thriving night life.
Since Glen Mills is a part of the greater Philadelphia area, there are many hotels and places to stay that are just a short drive away from Glen Mills. However, to immerse yourself entirely into the beauty of Glen Mills, there are local bed and breakfast accommodations available.
Sweet Water Farms. Romantic getaway with private cottages and elegant design attached to a local winery. The vineyards may be visited by those who stay.
Hampton Inn & Suites, 40 State Farm Drive, ☏ +1 610 358-9540.
Staybridge Suites, 400 Evergreen Drive, ☏ +1 610 358-2560.
It is easy to find a way out of Glen Mills, simply use a train or rent a car.
This city travel guide to Glen Mills is an outline and needs more content. It has a template, but there is not enough information present. Please plunge forward and help it grow!
Retrieved from "https://en.wikivoyage.org/w/index.php?title=Glen_Mills&oldid=3913309"
Delaware County (Pennsylvania)
This travel guide page was last edited at 19:13, on 19 January 2020 by Wikivoyage user WereSpielChequers. Based on work by Wikivoyage users Traveler100, Ground Zero, Traveler100bot, Saqib, Wrh2, Texugo, Wrh2Bot, Eco84 and Inasbot and others.
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Emomali Sharipovich Rakhmon (real surname Rakhmonov) is a Tajik politician, since 1994 he has been the permanent president of the Republic of Tajikistan.
BEGINNING CAREER EMOMALI RAHMON
Since 1976, Emomali Rakhmonov confidently built his career at the Lenin State Farm in his small homeland. By 1982, he served as secretary of the board, then grew to the chairman of the trade union committee of the state farm. For the next six years (1982 – 1988), the young man was engaged in party work at the state farm: he was the secretary of the party committee of the state farm, an instructor of the district committee. In 1988, he was appointed director of the state farm, which he held until 1992. Emomali Rahmon chose politics.
In 1992, the career of Emomali Rakhmonov went up: he was elected deputy of the Supreme Council of the XII convocation of the TSSR. It happened against the backdrop of the spring opposition rallies that shook the capital of the state of Dushanbe that year. The rally of his supporters was christened Communist for the abundance of red symbolism and old slogans. Due to the threat of open armed confrontation, his camp returned to Kulyab for some time, where in the autumn of the same year, Emomali replaced the chairman of the Kulyab regional executive committee, Jiyonhon Rizoyev, who was soon killed, presumably for disagreeing with the expansion of the Kulyab party nomenclature. At the same time, the first paramilitary units of the so-called Popular Front were formed, whose direct organizers were Emomali Rakhmonov and Sangak Safarov. The latter is credited with eliminating the rival of his friend, the former chairman of the executive committee, Jiyonhon Rizoyev. In the city of Termez, the possibility of armed capture of the capital with the help of these detachments was then seriously considered. Emomali Rakhmon headed the Popular Front. At the beginning of December, at the XVI session of the Supreme Council of the TSSR in the town of Arbob, bypassing the constitution, Emomali Rakhmnov was appointed chairman of the Supreme Council instead of the retired Rakhmon Nabiyev. At the same time, a “legitimate” coalition government with compromise candidates from the opposition was created. The building of the Council at that moment was surrounded by armored personnel carriers and several cordons of machine gunners, therefore the resignation of the Council of Ministers, like the chairman himself, was inevitable. Their democratically and Islamist supporters were driven away by armed units from Dushanbe, to the east of the state. Most of the ministerial portfolios and positions were predictably received by people from Kulyab. Emomali Rahmon with his wife and children.
As for relations with the Russian Federation at this time, Russian diplomats began to write notes of protests when Russians left Russia and left their belongings and apartments. And this despite the assurances of Emomali Rakhmonov in early 1993 to consider the possibility of granting the Russian language official status and approval of the law on dual citizenship.
PRESIDENT OF TAJIKISTAN EMOMALI RAHMON
November 6, 1994, that is, two years after the revolutionary events, a presidential election was held in Tajikistan, at which Emomali Rakhmonov convincingly won the victory. Despite the officially declared high voter turnout, the opposition forces ignored the elections and, led by Abdulladzhanov, charged Emomali Rakhmonov with fraud. Emomali Rahmon became president of Tajikistan.
When parliamentary elections were held in the country in early 1995, the majority of deputy mandates were predictably received by people from the Popular Front and the city of Kulyab. In early 1996, Emomali Rakhmonov showed political foresight when he did not use force against rebellious rebels who threatened to go to Dushanbe with weapons, but decided to donate several ministerial portfolios to them in exchange for the surrender of military equipment to the army barracks. Thus, by 1997, the Islamists partially regained their positions in the country’s power structures, and the balance necessary for a truce was restored. On September 26, 1999, amendments were made to the Constitution of the country, which increased the presidential term to seven years, together with the four figures that appeared earlier. At the same time, Emomali Rakhmonov was elected representative of Tajikistan in the UN General Assembly. In November of the same year, the absolute majority of Emomali Rakhmonov won the presidential election. Subsequently, in 2003, regular amendments were made to the country’s Constitution, which allowed the president to occupy two seven-year terms in a row instead of one. At the same time, the previous term was not taken into account. Emomali Rakhmon became the undisputed leader of his country. In 2006, Emomali Rakhmonov won a landslide victory in the presidential election. At this time, the country was “tajikization” of names – “Russian” endings of names and surnames were banned. Rakhmonov changed his surname to “Rakhmon” and got rid of the middle name. This marked the era of a rollback to Tajik folk traditions and the old way of life throughout the country.
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Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev is one of the most impulsive and controversial Soviet political leaders. He expanded the boundaries of freedom and earned a reputation as a fighter for democratization, condemning…
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This is a BAFTSS Special Interest Group!
November 25, 2017 by essayfilmandnarrativetechniquesscreenwriting - 0 comments
More Photos from the Symposium!
We had a great time! Here some more photos of our wonderful delegates!
Professor Laura Rascaroli
Senior Lecturer Rob Coley
Visiting Research Fellow Dr. Brenda Hollweg
Professor Jouko Aaltonen
Associate Professor Samuel Kaczorowski
Lecturer Kiki Tianqi Yu
Assistant Professor Ming-Yu Lee
Senior Lecturer Jill Daniels
Filmmaker Rebecca E. Marshall, the quietest baby in the world and Lecturer Kiki Tianqi Yu.
Profesor Laura Rascaroli and The Director of the Interdisciplinary Centre for Narrative Studies, Richard Walsh
Dr. Brenda Hollweg, Filmmakers Jill Daniels and Stuart Moore, and Dr. Kayla Parker.
Professor Jouko Aaltonen, Director Richard Walsh, Dr. Rob Coley and Professor Laura Rascaroli
A Great Symposium!
Essay Film and Narrative Techniques: Screenwriting Non-Fiction
A great symposium! The members of the SIG Essay Film gathered in York (18-19 Nov 2017) to debate the very special kind of non-fiction form that is the Essay Film.
The two-day symposium opened with the panel ‘Screenwriting Essay Film’, which introduced the process of the essay film’s screenwriting and the variety of the scripts’ provenance. Jill Daniels, a filmmaker and Senior Lecturer at the University of East London, presented the process of scripting her film Not Reconciled (2009), and the narrative techniques she applied to translate historical research in a narrative. Ultimately, in this case study, the fragments of research, ideas, ruminations and creative decisions culminated into a film that, as Jill stated, is the script itself. Kayla Parker, Lecturer at the University of Plymouth, artist filmmaker and experienced producer-director, and Stuart Moore, filmmaker and sound artist based at the University of West England, presented the screenwriting process supporting the collaborative essay film Green Line, currently in production in Cyprus. A project that reflects on the island’s history, current political and social situation, and on processes of personal reflection. Brenda Hollweg, Visiting Research Fellow at the University of Leeds and a filmmaker, explored the work of filmmaker Marianna Christofides and analysed the multiple voices and temporalities inscribed in the landscape and the history of the region in Days in Between (2015).
In the early afternoon, our keynote speaker, Professor Laura Rascaroli, Co-Head of Film and Screen Media at the University College Cork, Ireland, establishes the underlying central theme of the symposium and presented on the research and the material covered for her new book How the Essay Film Thinks (Oxford UP, 2017). To the generative speech followed a lively discussion, which was enriched by the contributions of the informed and enthusiastic audience.
The second panel, ‘The Essay Film in the West’, focused on discourse in the essay film in Western culture. Rob Coley, Senior Lecturer at the University of Lincoln, analysed the work of Adam Curtis, which is notably absent from critical discussions of the contemporary essay film. Curtis’ work seems to construct a narrative that destabilizes perception and induces the audience to explore the limit point of a powerful imaginary that conditions everyday experience. Jouko Aaltonen, Adjunct Professor, and visiting researcher at Aalto University, Helsinki, introduced the work of leading essay filmmaker Peter von Bagh (1943-2014). Von Bagh favoured associative structures, and his films were created by writing, shooting and editing simultaneously. His methodology is reflected upon in his theoretical writing, and Aaltonen added them novel information obtained from personal discussions with the author. A lively roundtable concluded the session. The delegates, keynote speaker and organisers, Romana Turina, Visiting Lecturer at the University of Greenwich, and Richard Walsh, Director of the Interdisciplinary Centre for Narrative Studies at the University of York, enjoyed an evening out in the centre of York, the famous Shambles.
The morning of the 19th, the delegates reconvened and followed the third panel, which focused on ‘The Essayistic in the East’. The panel opened with Samuel Kaczorowski, Associate Professor at Tokyo Hosei and Toulouse 2 Jean-Jaures (France) Universities, animator and filmmaker. Kaczorowski explored the work of manga director Osamu Tezuka in The Legend of Son Goku, a work that crossed the whole career of Tezuka. In this work, the author seemed to employ different incarnations of himself during the various adaptations of the film, in that he mirrors the concept of plural bodies as theorized by Roland Barthes. Kiki Tianqi Yu, Lecturer at the University of West of Scotland, introduced the audience to what the essayistic looks like in Chinese cinemas. Tianqi Yu explored how Chinese films inherit Chinese literary origins and cultural-linguistic traditions, and in what way they reference western essay films. Ming-Yu Lee, Assistant Professor at Shih Hsin University, Taipei, Taiwan, presented the work of Na-Ou Liu (1905-1940), one of the earliest avant-garde film and literature pioneers in Taiwan. Examining Liu’s manuscript of Man with a Camera (Liu 1933), in which Liu pays respect to Dziga Vertov’s Kino-Eye theory, Lee cross-referenced with the film, personal notes, and production documentation to uncover Liu’s authorial presence.
The symposium brought together impressive academic and professional practices, generative new research and joy in the meeting of fellow scholars working in and on one of the most exciting film forms, the Essay Film. Our gratitude goes to the Director of the Interdisciplinary Centre for Narrative Studies at the University of York, Dr. Richard Walsh, and the BAFTSS’ team, who supported the initiative from the very beginning!
October 11, 2017 by essayfilmandnarrativetechniquesscreenwriting
Symposium Programme
Symposium of the BAFTSS ‘Essay Film’ Research Group
The Bowland Auditorium
Berrick Saul Building
Saturday, 18th November
13:00-13:45 Registration and Coffee
13:45-14:00 Introduction
14:00-15:30 Panel 1 – Screenwriting Essay Films
15:30 – 16:00 Coffee Break
16:00-16:30 Keynote by Laura Rascaroli
16:30-17:30 Panel 2 – The Essay Film in the West
17:30 – 18:00 Roundtable Discussion
Sunday, 19th November
09:45-10:00 Coffee
10:00-11:30 Panel 3 – The Essayistic in the East
11:30-12:30 Future Research
12:30 Conclusion
Saturday, 18th November 2017
Dr. Richard Walsh,
Director of the Interdisciplinary Centre for Narrative Studies, University of York
Romana Turina,
BAFTSS – ‘Essay Film’ Research Group’s Leader, University of York
Panel 1- Screenwriting Essay Films
Jill Daniels – University of East London‘Excavations: The Provenance of the Essay Film Script’
‘Excavations: The Provenance of the Essay Film Script’
Abstract: There has hitherto been very little academic scrutiny of the essay film or creative documentaries. My research into the BFI archives found few documentary scripts. Scripts for essay films are not generally screenplays in the sense that the term is used by the film industry. The scripts for essay films may consist of several different texts, lists, and notes or visual materials that come together to form a guiding plan for production, something we might describe as the script. To illustrate this, I refer to the process of scripting my film, Not Reconciled (2009), where as well as filling notebooks with ideas, ruminations, list and historical research I created fictional characters, ghosts evoked from the Spanish Civil War period, which involved the development of a scripted dialogue of voice-overs. Hence, the script exists only in fragments or one could say the ‘script’ is the film itself.
Jill Daniels is a filmmaker and Senior Lecturer at the University of East London. She has been making films since 1989. She won many international awards, including Best Experimental Film for My Private Life II (2015). Her current practice focuses on memory, place, and subjectivities in the experimental documentary.
Kayla Parker – University of Plymouth, and Stuart Moore – University of West England
‘Troubling Dialogues: Fitting Words into Place’
Abstract: This paper examines the screenwriting processes developed during the creation of a collaborative essay film. The strategy emerges through its authors’ shared production experience, allowing the intertwining of their subjectivities with political and social histories. Using their practice research project, Father-land as a case study, the authors critically reflect on their evolving dialogic methodology developed through collaboration. Living and filming near the Green Line, in Cyprus, the place elicited a quiet reflection on the uneasy stasis of an unresolved conflict which tore the island in two over forty years. Our families played small parts in the island’s past and the challenge for us seemed to be situating our film’s narrative in the buffer zone between a sensitive and contested history and a placeless personal reflection.
Dr. Kayla Parker’s research interests centre around subjectivity and place, embodiment, and technological mediation, from the feminist perspective. She is also a filmmaker.
Stuart Moore is a filmmaker and sound artist who uses digital and film-based technologies to explore people’s relationship to place and landscape.
Brenda Hollweg – University of Leeds
‘Scripting the Balkans: Voice-over Narration in Marianna Christofides’ Days in Between (2015)’
Abstract: Days in Between is a cinematic essay produced and realized by Cypriot filmmaker and visual artist Marianna Christofides over a period of four years. Cinematic essays are notorious for the heterogeneous material they often cover as well as their random and eclectic approach to the world. In my talk, I want to draw attention to the systematically unsystematic way in which Days in Between came into being as cinematic essay. From 2011 to 2015, Christofides travelled across the Balkan Peninsula. What started out as a journey mostly driven by curiosity and with only a few preliminary notes at hands, soon turned into an ever-expanding exploration of the region. Focusing on conversations with Christofides, I seek to tease out the multiple voices and temporalities inscribed in the narration.
Dr. Brenda Hollweg is Visiting Research Fellow at the School of Fine Arts, History of Arts & Cultural Studies, University of Leeds. A scholar of Anglo-American Literature, she is also a filmmaker. She has published on the video essay extensively and she is currently co-editing a volume on World Cinema and the Essay Film.
Laura Rascaroli – University College Cork, Ireland
Professor Rascaroli will present on the research and material covered in her new book, How the Essay Film Thinks (Oxford UP, 2017).
Professor Laura Rascaroli is Co-Head of Film and Screen Media at the University College Cork, Ireland.
Laura’s interests span art film, modernism and postmodernism, geopolitics, space (the city, the road), nonfiction, the essay film, and first-person cinema, often in relation to issues of social, political, intellectual and artistic European history. She is the author and editor of several articles and volumes, including The Personal Camera: Subjective Cinema and the Essay Film (2009), Crossing New Europe: Postmodern Travel and the European Road Movie (2006), co-written with Ewa Mazierska, and Antonioni: Centenary Essays (2011), co-edited with John David Rhodes.
Panel 2 – The Essay Film in the West
Rob Coley
‘Destabilized Perception: Narrative as Network in the films of Adam Curtis’
Abstract: Adam Curtis’ work is notably absent from critical discussion of the contemporary essay film. Yet, his experimental style is characterized by the use of archival fragments from the past to examine the present, produce counterintuitive connections and abrupt collisions that supplant the authority of narrative causality for a precarious network of associations. In this paper, I will argue that Curtis’ narrative method aims to confront a state of ‘network pessimism.’ Instead of challenging habitual modes of perception by adopting ‘heretical, contrarian stance’ (Rascaroli, 2017), he identifies a network of orthodoxy and pushes the inherent tendencies to their extremes. I will propose that his films employ narrative to induce ‘destabilized perception’, provoking audiences to explore the limit point of a powerful imaginary that conditions everyday experience.
Rob Coley is Senior Lecturer and Programme Leader for Media Studies at the University of Lincoln. He is the author (with Dean Lockwood) of Photography in the Middle: Dispatches on Media Ecologies and Aesthetics (2016), and Cloud Time: The Inception of the Future (2012).
Jouko Aaltonen – Aalto University
‘The Mirror with Memory: History, Dream and Time in Peter von Bagh’s essay films’
Abstract: Peter von Bagh (1943-2014) was the leading essay-filmmaker in Finland. He was also film-historian and critic. He is known for his historical documentary essay films, often dealing with the history of Finland. His films were compilation films in which he used very different kind of materials, from newsreels to fiction films but also fine arts, music, and literature. Von Bagh favoured associative structures, which was reflected both in his films and his theoretical writing about the essay film. In this paper, I will compare von Bagh’s theoretical ideas and writings about essay films to his own work practices. He wrote very short synopsis or treatments for his films, the form of the film was created during the filmmaking process. In a way, he was writing, shooting and editing simultaneously. The analysis is based on my interviews with him and my work as a producer on his films, where I observed the process.
Dr. Jouko Aaltonen, is a Docent (Adjunct Professor), and Visiting Researcher at the Department of Film, Television, and Scenography, School of Arts, Design and Architecture, Alto University, Helsinki. He has published extensively and directed more than twenty documentaries for national and international distribution, several of them awarded.
Laura Rascaroli, University College Cork, Ireland
Jouko Aaltonen, Aalto University, Helsinki.
Rob Coley, University of Lincoln
Jill Daniels, University of East London
Brenda Hollweg, University of Leeds
Ming-Yu Lee, Shih Hsin University, Taipei, Taiwan
Stuart Moore, University of the West of England
Kayla Parker, University of Plymouth
Samuel Kaczorowski, Tokyo Hosei and Toulouse II Jean-Jaures Universities
Kiki Tianqi Yu, University of the West of Scotland
Romana Turina, University of York
Richard Walsh, University of York
Restaurant in the Centre of York
Sunday, 19th November 2017
Panel 3 – The Essayistic in the East
Samuel Kaczorowski – Tokyo Hosei and Toulouse II Jean-Jaures Universities
‘Osamu Tezuka and The Legend of Son Goku: The Duplication of Bodies in a Whole Career Guideline’
Abstract: In 1961, the Japanese author of manga Osamu Tezuka founded ‘Mushi Production’ to create the first ‘made for television’ animation series. When the cartoon Tetsuwan Atom (Astro Boy) was broadcasted, the success was immediate. However, the artist engaged also in developing a less known laboratory for more personal experimented films. One of them, The Legend of Son Goku crossed the whole career of Tezuka. In this paper, I propose to explore the different incarnations of the author in the various adaptations of the film through the concept of ‘plural body’ as theorized by Roland Barthes. In his film, Tezuka employs the use of different bodies as a double of himself and to compose individuality. The principle of character-duplication upset the codes of screenwriting and introduces anachronism and a visual extradiegetic dimension.
Samuel Kaczorowski is a French researcher in animation who lives in Jordan, director of animated films, Associate Professor of Applied Art affiliated to Tokyo Hosei (Japan) and Toulouse 2 Jean-Jaures (France) Universities.
Kiki Tianqi Yu – University of the West of Scotland
‘Exploring Essay Film: Sanwen dianying and the Essayistic in Chinese Cinemas’
Abstract: This paper argues that the current notion of ‘essay film’ is a western construct and questions whether it is a useful term to understand experiments in personal nonfiction cinema in non-western cultures. Essay film can be translated as ‘sanwen dianying’. Sanwen literally means ‘loose text’, referring to writing with looser structures than verse or other highly rhetorically structured texts. Instead of simply finding a Chinese equivalent of ‘essay’, I present some observations on what the essayistic looks like in Chinese cinemas. It does not suggest a completely different set of aesthetics but seeks to explore how these films inherit Chinese literary origins and cultural-linguistic traditions, and in what way they reference western essay films. The paper opens to draw attention to emerging new forms by foregrounding practices in Chinese language context.
Dr. Kiki Tianqi Yu is a filmmaker and a Lecturer of Filmmaking at the University of the West Scotland. Yu writes about first person documentary, Chinese documentary, and cinematic memory. As a filmmaker, her work includes feature documentary China’s Van Goghs (2016) and Photographing Shenzhen (2007, Discovery).
Ming-Yu Lee – Shih Hsin University
‘Written Diary as Script: Na’Ou Liu’s Personal Camera and His Essay Film Man with a Camera (1933)’
Abstract: Na-Ou Liu (1905-1940) was one of the earliest avant-garde film and literature pioneers in Taiwan. Besides introducing Western film theories to Taiwan, Liu also pays respect to Dziga Vertov’s Kino-Eye theory by finishing a film called Man with a Camera in 1933. Liu’s Man with a Camera is often considered as a documentary that lacks artistic qualities. In this paper, I argue that there is more to it. There seems to be a new possibility of interpreting Liu’s film from his written diary in 1927, which might connect his film to the notion of the diary film, first person cinema, and essay film. This paper aims to verify this possibility by examining Liu’s manuscript and cross-referencing it with his film, as well as the use of personal camera and the authorial presence in his film that hide behind the trivial day-to-day documentation.
Ming-Yu Lee is Assistant Professor of Radio, Television, and Film at Shih Hsin University, Taipei, Taiwan. Research interests include the Diary Film, Experimental Film, Essay Film, First-Person Cinema, and Filmmaking. An independent filmmaker, Ming-Yu Lee has directed several experimental short films.
All Panelists and Keynote Speaker (no public admitted)
With many Thanks to
Interdisciplinary Centre for Narrative Studies
FREE TICKETS for the event can be found here:
https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/essay-film-and-narrative-techniques-screenwriting-non-fiction-symposium-of-the-baftss-essay-film-tickets-38585468174
May 25, 2017 by essayfilmandnarrativetechniquesscreenwriting - 0 comments
First Symposium of the BAFTSS ‘Essay Film’ Research Group.
Conference Date: Saturday 18th and Sunday 19th November 2017
Venue: University of York, UK
Organised by: BAFTSS & The Interdisciplinary Centre for Narrative Studies
Deadline for abstracts: 30 September 2017
The Essay film is defined as a very special kind of non-fiction, which employs fictional techniques. There is very little research on the way these films are scripted and how screenwriting comes into play in the phase of the film’s development. Documentary scripts rarely make it into the BFI library archives, as their minor collection testifies. The first aim of the symposium is to address this problem and develop an understanding of the work done in this area. The second aim of the symposium is to develop collaborations for the fostering of further research.
Keynote Speaker: Professor Laura Rascaroli.
Abstracts are invited on topics related to Screenwriting Non-fiction and Narrative Techniques in the Essay Film, including but not limited to:
Archival research: finding the scripts
Testimony translated into script
The process of writing for the essay film
Screenwriting and the personal camera
Screenwriting animation in the essay film
New forms of scripts
The blurred boundaries between narrative techniques and screenwriting
Voice-over as script
The presence of the author in word
The relationship between documentary and essay film
The essay-film: from treatment to production
The absence of the screenplay in the essay film
Proposal acceptance notification: 15th October 2017.
Abstract submission: Please submit your abstract (max 300 words) along with key references, institutional affiliation and a short bio (max 150 words) or a panel proposal, including a panel presentation (max 300 words) along with minimum 2, maximum 3 individual abstracts.
Send the Abstract to Romana Turina (rt748@york.ac.uk)
Symposium Organisers: Romana Turina (University of York), Richard Walsh (University of York)
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City Herning
Location Messecenter Herning
Host Keld Heick
Voting 80% televoting regions
20% jury
Rollo & King won Melodi Grand Prix 2001 with the song "Der står et billede af dig på mit bord". At Eurovision 2001 Rollo performed the song in English under the title "Never Ever Let You Go".
Morocco has participated in Eurovision Song Contest. But only once. It was in 1980 and they ended second-last. Morocco only received points from Italy
All Eurovision songs must not be longer than three minutes.
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Home / Sport / Global / Football
Why are there so many injuries in the Premier League?
Premier League teams boast impressive medical resources: team doctors, physiotherapists, physical trainers, nutrition experts and state-of-the-art equipment.
Stoke City’s Shaqiri said that whilst at Inter Milan he was sent to a “miraculous healer who lived in the mountains”, whereas at the Britannia, “there are seven physiotherapists, who will examine me every day”.
Yet, injuries still remain a serious problem in Europe’s top league.
Manchester City have suffered a total of 35 injuries this season, whilst title rivals Leicester City have one of the lowest figures in the league with 11. Why such disparity? Why so many injuries?
The disparity can, perhaps, be explained by City’s heavy schedule; competing in the Champions League will have inevitably had an impact on their players. Indeed, fellow Champions League competitors, Arsenal, Manchester United and Chelsea, are all within the top band for total injuries. However, this still doesn’t explain why, in an age of progressive sport-science related technology, there are so many injuries. Sunderland and Newcastle — despite the fact they share a similar fixture list with a Swansea side who have only had six injuries this term — also find themselves in the top band.
Rather than delving into the complex world of statistical comparisons between teams, I will seek to offer an explanation as to why, generally, Premier League teams experience such a high volume of injuries.
Being a Premier League footballer means one is required to eat healthily, especially on match day. Players are expected to attend team meals, meticulously chosen by nutrition experts.
Okay, so you’ve taken on board sufficient carbohydrates. You’re ready for the game.
Around forty-five minutes prior to kick-off you’re led out by coaches to warm-up. You treat this with contempt, refrain from deep and strenuous stretching, disregarding the words of the coaches. Andrea Pirlo’s words circulate and dictate your actions: “it’s nothing but masturbation for conditioning coaches.” However, you aren’t Pirlo. The Italian magician is an exception to the rule. Twenty minutes into the game and you’re heading for the shower with a tight groin.
Having watched myriad live football matches, I can testify that players do not stretch properly. This is one of the reasons as to why players will pull up within the first 25 minutes of a game with a hamstring, or muscle injury. Regardless of how much one has stretched in the week, warming muscles up and ensuring blood flow prior to a game are essential. A little more commitment on this front would prevent a large number of injuries.
Players, during the week, are either training or at the gym. A part of me believes that this intensity, with little reprieve, also contributes to injury. Managers choose to employ different methods of training; LVG’s vigorous regime has been well documented, as has Klopp’s – is it a surprise then, that Manchester United have had the second most injuries this season, and that Liverpool are currently in the midst of a hamstring crisis?
Granted, it is important to transfer your philosophy onto the players, and the best way to do so is through training: training is irrevocably crucial to any team’s success. However, I feel if managers chose to lessen the vigour in training, then they would not have to face so many issues surrounding injury.
Intensity of the league
The Premier League is unique; no other league across Europe has the same level of competitiveness. To use the footballing platitude, anyone can beat anyone. This means that there can be no ‘slacking’; a minimum level of intensity is required in every game, a minimum level that is starkly higher than in the likes of the Bundesliga, La Liga and Ligue 1.
Fans of the league praise its competitiveness, but it is one of the reasons as to why their disappointed when one of their team’s key players faces a spell on the side-lines
Fans of the league praise its competitiveness, but it is one of the reasons as to why they’re disappointed when one of their team’s key players faces a spell on the sidelines. It is without repute that players are the victims of their league; the sheer number of sprints, tackles and jumps mean it is virtually impossible to play 38 games in one season, whilst performing at a desired level, without sustaining an injury. Unless, of course, you’re a goalkeeper.
No winter break
The debate over a winter break has long been disputed; a manager’s comment or a pundit’s opinion is enough to revive this perennial proposition. Personally, I do not agree with the principle of a winter break: the Christmas schedule is rooted in the tradition of English football, and in a world where history and tradition appear to be losing its value, it is important we hang onto this one.
a break somewhere during the season would be shrewd. The end of January, or start of February, maybe
That is not to say, however, that it isn’t an influence on injuries in the Premier League. If players were given the opportunity to rest, then their body would have sufficient time to shake off little niggles that would have been aggravated and manifested into something worse, if they had played with them. Indeed, a ten day reprieve would be immensely beneficial to players – their bodies would be able to recover, allowing them to come back fresher.
I am not proposing a winter break, but perhaps a break somewhere during the season would be shrewd. The end of January, or start of February, maybe. I am sure there are a multitude of other factors that contribute to the high volume of injuries in the league, but the aforementioned reasons certainly have an impact.
There’s a whole field of science, and statistics, that one can explore, but this article is rooted in common sense, and empirical evidence. With serious, carefully monitored warm-ups, relaxed and less strenuous training sessions and a break, the league would benefit from a reduction in injuries.
Jan 27, 2016 By Michael Jones Filed Under: Football Tagged With: Manchester City, slider, Liverpool, Premier League 2015/16, Michael Jones, manchester utd, injuries
About Michael Jones
Digital Sports Editor.
Contact: mike17jones@aol.co.uk
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KUBOÅ
By David Finkelstein | January 13, 2006
“Kuboå” is a film prose poem about a young Norwegian woman, and her increasingly isolated and unreal state of consciousness. Her voiceover narrative, which runs through the film accompanied by Chris O’Neil’s effectively spacey music, tells of her daily life: speaking to a stranger in the park, painting her house, working at her job as an art restorer. But these daily details all contain strange, disorientingly surrealist details: she speaks to a strange man in the park as if she already knows all about his life, and he replies in kind. She changes the color of her house “to match her shoes.” The writing is full of poetic touches: “The seven mountains have closed their eyes.”
We see the woman wandering around her small Norwegian city in late summer, taking pleasure in simple things such as touching the grass or watching the birds and the people. But, at odd moments throughout the film, she becomes transparent like a ghost, or disappears altogether. (Sometimes it is the things she watches, such as the birds, which fade out.) When she talks with the strange man in the park, in her narrative she claims that it is the man who disappears (evidently the encounter is a part of her rich fantasy life), but, on the screen, it is she who fades out and becomes unreal. Likewise, at the end of the film, she muses that “it is strange that I miss the people” but it is again she who is disappearing rather than the others.
This visual leitmotif of the woman fading out is extremely effective in creating an overall mood of a tenuous, depressed existence, of a world constantly being derealized. It is as if the woman is sinking into a depression or a kind of mental illness which creates a wall of noise around her, so that the real world appears as if seen through water or thick glass; hard to see and hard to hear but still attractive, just not fully real.
Baemler’s inspiration for the film came partly from time he spent living in Norway and partly from novelist Knut Hamsun. The title comes from Hamsun’s “Hunger,” but it is a made up word, referring in the novel to an inexpressible inner state. Baeumler’s writing has the simple clear style of a surrealist prose poem, filled with details which are just slightly off-kilter, but which hint at vast subterranean realms of unknowable strangeness. The woman remarks of her job as an art restorer: “Every one who works protects the world from their true power.” This suggests the rage and frustration which she is keeping under wraps, contributing to her sense of increasing disconnectedness.
Sandra Kelberlau, as the woman, has an apologetic smile, with an extremely unsettling undertone of mental disassociation, which is what gives the film its power for me. Towards the film’s end, she tells about a game that she plays with herself in which she imagines having a husband who is always disappearing around the corner in her house, and how she uses this idea to manipulate her sense of the passage of time. These details give a vivid sense of her inner life.
The film ends with images of ships leaving the harbor, rain returning, and a huge bonfire near the waterfront, a traditional way of marking summer’s end. This powerful ending gives the feeling that she is sinking further and further into her isolated mental state. There is also a cyclic feeling, as if arctic day is turning into arctic night.
Through his beautiful photography, artful editing, and the use of expressive visual and verbal metaphors, Baemler has created a haunting film portrait of a woman lost in a Nordic fog.
THE MAN WHO COPIED
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PROM NIGHT IN MISSISSIPPI
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WATCH, DOWNLOAD, SHARE AND REMIX “THE ROMANTIC”
I missed this yesterday, which considering it was Valentine's Day and this movie is called The Romantic, was a ball-drop on my part. That said, the news...
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FFJC Statement & Recommendations On Enforcement of COVID-Related Orders
Across the country, governors and mayors have issued stay-at-home and social-distancing orders to prevent the spread of Covid-19. These orders are vital. They are intended to protect everyone’s health and safety, particularly those among us who are most vulnerable to the virus, and to maintain as much medical care capacity as possible.
In many places, however, public officials have authorized law enforcement to cite, arrest and even jail people who violate those orders – with fines ranging from $100 to $1000. Those amounts could more than double once state and local governments add on the fees that are typically attached to fines. From Santa Cruz, California to Lubbock, Texas, from Charlotte, North Carolina to New York City, law enforcement has issued citations to people accused of violating social distancing and stay-at-home orders. In some cases, people have even been arrested and taken to jail. And already we are seeing signs that enforcement of these orders is deepening racial disparities.
Issuing citations and making arrests to enforce social distancing orders undermines public safety and puts people at risk. People cited or arrested and their families, law enforcement officers, jail staff and other people behind bars could all be exposed to the virus from just a single citation and arrest. In addition, this diverts scarce law enforcement resources away from more urgent public safety matters, including violent crime. That’s why official CDC guidance for law enforcement agencies incorporates these concerns.
Criminalizing public health problems doesn’t work. Early in the history of the HIV epidemic, many states passed laws that established criminal penalties, for among other things, failing to disclose one’s HIV status and for transmitting the disease. Many of these laws were enforced against people who were HIV-positive, and public health experts agree that they did much harm while doing nothing to slow the spread of the virus.
Because the harm of enforcing Covid-19-related orders in all but the most egregious cases plainly outweighs the benefit, the Fines and Fees Justice Center urges policymakers to adopt a public health approach to this public health problem.
Educate first, using credible and targeted messengers
Covid-19 is a public health crisis, and we need a public health response. As Brandon D.L. Marshall, an associate professor of epidemiology at the Brown University School of Public Health and Abdullah Shihiparm, a master’s degree candidate there, explained in The New York Times:
“There are alternatives to punitive enforcement. In Alaska and Maine, police departments are reporting that their focus is on education and that they want to avoid arrests and fines as much as possible. States could deploy public health officials or trained volunteers to areas where the public tends to congregate, and remind people not to gather. These people could offer resources to those who are not complying with stay-at-home measures because they are homeless, do not have their own transportation, or are desperate for essentials like food and medicine.”
In addition, because law enforcement is viewed with distrust in many marginalized communities, credible community messengers should be deployed to persuade people to comply with public health orders. In the District of Columbia, for example, Michele Obama has recorded a robocall and social media ads urging D.C. residents to stay at home.
Provide PPE and other resources to everyone who needs them
Governments need to ensure that people have the protective gear required to comply with Covid-related orders. If people are ordered to wear face masks in public, for example, the government’s response must be to ensure that everyone has face masks. Public health workers or community members can be hired to hand out free masks at grocery stores and bus stops and trained to explain why they need to be used. In Converse, Texas, a suburb of San Antonio, Mayor Al Suarez did just that, handing out hundreds of free masks to residents. In Newark, New Jersey, the state’s largest city, officials passed an ordinance requiring face masks in public – and provided free cloth masks to all of the city’s 260,000 residents, so they can easily comply.
Many public officials have adopted this approach. Jackson, Mississippi Mayor Chokwe Lumumba stressed that despite issuing a stronger stay-at-home order, his administration did not intend to criminalize residents. “I want to emphasize that our goal is not to incarcerate, our goal is not to criminalize. Our goal is the health and safety of residents.”
No fines, fees or monetary sanctions should be imposed for violations of Covid-19 emergency orders
The idea of imposing stiff fines on people who are struggling to meet their basic needs is patently absurd. Many people can’t pay a $1000 fine or even a $100 fine. After fees, late penalties, and interest are added to their fines, people may be saddled with debt for years. Their driver’s license may be suspended if they don’t immediately pay the total amount owed; they may be “sentenced” to probation that demands additional fees; their credit may be impaired; an arrest warrant may be issued.
No one should be arrested or incarcerated for violating Covid-19 orders
Historically, people of color and low-income people have been disproportionately targeted by law enforcement. The evidence so far shows that those patterns appear to be persisting. Although we see pictures of thousands of people swarming beaches in Florida and California, police seem not to be issuing citations there. Instead, we see videos of law enforcement violently pulling a black man off of a subway train because he wasn’t wearing a mask or sending officers in riot gear to a 1-year old’s birthday celebration and threatening the black mothers in attendance.
Furthermore, issuing citations and making arrets to enforce social distancing orders puts people at greater risk. Each citation or arrest increases exposure to the virus for people cited as well as their families, law enforcement officers, jail staff and other people who are incarcerated.
Covid-19 is the worst health and economic crisis this country has seen in modern history. Tens of thousands of people in the U.S. have died, and millions more have lost their jobs and are struggling to feed their families. Our response should prioritize the health, safety and well-being of all people. Instead of saddling them with fines and fees they cannot pay and expanding our already-inflated criminal justice system, we should prioritize providing people with the protection and support they need, while persuading communities with effective messaging to improve compliance with safety protocols.
In March, FFJC released a set of 12 evidence-based policy recommendations that jurisdictions around the country can take to help stem the harms of the public health and economic crisis wrought by Covid-19. These recommendations urge state and local governments to make immediate changes to their criminal, traffic and municipal ordinance fines and fees policies to protect public health and ensure that fines and fees are not a barrier to people’s basic needs. Dozens of state and local jurisdictions across the U.S. have taken some of these steps in response to the coronavirus crisis and its accompanying economic fallout. Read FFJC’s recommendations and track ongoing reforms here.
Maryland Enacts New Law Ending Debt-Based Driver’s License Suspensions
National Effort to Reform Harmful Fines and Fees Announces Local Champions
Press Release: First-Of-Its-Kind National Poll Reveals Broad Consensus for Fines and Fees Reform
Press Release: Gov. Cuomo Signs Driver’s License Suspension Reform Act
WATCH: Labor, Faith, and Civil Rights Leaders Join Legislators Urging Gov. Cuomo to Sign Driver’s License Suspension Reform Act
Over 100 NY Groups Call on Gov. Cuomo to Sign Driver’s License Suspension Reform Act
New FFJC Publication: Policy Guidance on Ability-to-Pay Assessments, Payment Plans, and Community Service
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Verulamium was one of the largest towns in Roman Britain. It was established on the location of a late Iron Age settlement and a major centre of the Catuvellauni tribe. Its ruins now stand in the southwest of the modern city of St Albans in Hertfordshire, 33 km north west of London. The excavations have uncovered parts of the city walls, a hypocaust under a mosaic floor, but the most spectacular find was the Roman theatre. Since much of the modern city has been built upon the ancient town, a large portion of Verulamium remains unexcavated.
Coordinates: 51° 45′ 0″ N, 0° 21′ 14.04″ W
Verulamium was founded on the ancient Celtic site of Verlamion (meaning ‘settlement above the marsh’), a late Iron Age settlement and major center of the Catuvellauni tribe. After the Roman invasion of AD 43, the city was renamed Verulamium and became one of the largest and most prosperous towns in the province of Britannia. In around AD 50, Verulamium was granted the rank of municipium, meaning that its citizens had “Latin Rights”. It grew to a significant town, and as such, was a prime target during the revolt of Boudicca in AD 61. Verulamium was sacked and burnt to the ground on her orders, but the Romans crushed the rebellion and the town recovered quickly. In its heyday, Verulamium was the third largest city in Roman Britain.
By AD 140, the town had doubled in size, covering 100 acres, and featured a forum with a basilica, public baths, temples, many prosperous private townhouses and a theatre. Despite two fires, one in AD 155 and the other around AD 250, Verulamium continued to grow and remained a central Roman town for the next four hundred years until the end of the Roman occupation.
Today the site of Verulamium sits in a beautiful public park. Archaeological excavations were undertaken in the park during the 1930s during which the 1800-year-old hypocaust and its covering mosaic floor were discovered. Further large-scale excavations uncovered the theatre, a corner of the basilica nearby and some of the best-preserved wall paintings of Roman Britain. On the outskirts of the park is the Verulamium Museum which contains hundreds of archaeological objects relating to everyday Roman life.
The Roman Theatre, built in about 140 AD, is unique. Although several towns in Britain are known to have had theatres, this is the only one visible today.
The theatre could accommodate several thousands spectators on simple wooden benches and had an almost circular orchestra in front of the stage where town magistrates and local dignitaries were seated. By AD 160-180, the theatre was radically altered with the stage enlarged.
The theatre was built close to the site of an earlier water shrine and was linked to two temples dedicated to Romano-British gods: one stood immediately behind the theatre and the other on the opposite side of the river a short distance outside the town. Today the remains of these temples lie buried.
The theatre was lined with shops with storage spaces behind the main shop area and even sleeping quarters. When the shops were excavated in the 1950’s, broken crucibles and waste metal showed that most of the shops had been occupied by blacksmiths and bronze workers.
Around AD 170, a large townhouse was built behind the shops part of which can still be seen. The house had a hypocaust and an underground shrine.
The Hypocaust and Mosaic. During the 1930s excavations, archaeologists uncovered a 1800 year old underfloor heating system, or hypocaust, which ran under an intricate mosaic floor. This floor is thought to have been part of the reception rooms of a large town house built around AD 180.
The mosaic is of great size and contains around 200,000 tesserae. The floor is composed of a central section with 16 square panels, each containing a circular roundel with a geometric design. The borders are bands of single and double interlaces and strips of wide and thin dark and light material.
The city walls were constructed around AD 270 and were over 3m thick at foundation level and over 2m high.
The walls were built as a complete circuit round Verulamium with a total length of 3.4 km (2.25 miles) and enclosing an area of 82 ha (203 acres).
The city walls of Verulamium.
The surviving foundations of the London Gate. Large gateways controlled the four main entrances to the town of Verulamium. The best preserved is the London Gate on the south side of the town.
Reconstruction drawing of the London Gate.
The Verulamium Museum
The Verulamium Museum in St Albans. Located in Verulamium park, the Verulamium Museum was established following the 1930s excavations carried out by Mortimer Wheeler and his wife Tessa Wheeler.
The Mosaic Room.
The Oceanus Mosaic, AD 160-190. The figure could be the god Oceanus – or it might be Cerunnos the god of the woods.
The Shell Mosaic, dated to c. AD 15.
The Dahlia Mosaic with flower motif, AD 175-200.
The reconstructed painted plaster walls dating to about AD 180.
Wall painting with imitation columns and panelling, ca. AD.
Verulamium Museum.
The reconstructed dedicatory inscription from the Basilica inscription, dated to AD 79 or 81. The inscription is notable because it mentions Gnaeus Julius Agricola, the Roman governor of Britain from AD 77-84, who is otherwise known from a biography written by his son-in-law Tacitus.
The Lion and Stag Mosaic.
Links & references:
Verulamium Museum
VERULAMIUM – The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites
March 7, 2019 by followinghadrian Categories: BritainTags: Britain, Britannia, Roman Britain, St Albans 2 Comments
2 thoughts on “Verulamium”
Hi Carole, Thank you so much for these stunning photo’s of Verulamium. I love the Roman pottery displayed in the museum. Its a fabulous archaeological site.
James Lillie says:
First Roman City I visited with my school in the 1950’s. as I did not live far away, got me into Roman history which I have been an avid follower of ever since then having visited many Roman sites. Great photos and article. Lots more to learn there need more excavation there are still areas there that have not been touched and are not under the modern town. Lots of building materials from the Roman city incorporated in the St Albans Cathedral which can be clearly seen.
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Footy Fans – Latest football news
Who should stay and who should go – A look at United’s contract situations
Posted on 20th November 2018 20th November 2018 By Dan Moskovitz
Manchester United have been in constant turmoil this season, on the pitch, with poor performances, and off the pitch, with the hate against the Glazers, United’s owners being ramped up a notch this season. But one potentially problematic area is the contract situation for multiple players – so here’s a case by case look at that.
United’s star keeper has been bearing the burden of a shaky defense for so long and has also rendered a lot of other problems with the side obsolete. To me, there is no doubt that DDG is by far the best goalkeeper in the world. However, since winning the title in 2012-13, there really haven’t been any proper title challenges to speak of, and DDG has reportedly become increasingly frustrated at the lack of trophies United have been able to gather. It’s a fair enough complain fora player of his caliber, but, United must, must, re-sign him, no matter the cost. God help us if we don’t. Should talks fail, however, United can trigger a 12-month extension in his contract, so we’ll at least be able to cash in on him.TLDR: Keep.
Matteto Darmian
Since arriving in 2015-16, the Italian has seen the number of minutes he has played each season steadily drop, and he has only played a single match this season so far, the 2-1 win over Leicester. He isn’t good enough, and is the fourth choice right back behind Young, Valencia, and Dalot, so get rid, no matter whether it’s by simply letting his contract run out, or triggering the extension and selling in the winter or summer. TLDR: Get rid.
Previously a winger that wasn’t good enough, Young has re-invented himself over the past few years, becoming a very useful utility player. The man can play at either left-back or right back, and last season made 38 appearances in the United shirt, the most he ever has which is amazing considering he is now 33 and has been at the club since 2009. He’s a useful player to have around and deserves a contract renewal. Also worth noting that he does not have an option to extend his contract for a further year. TLDR: Keep
Much like Young, Valencia is a former winger turned fullback, and has even become captain, but, unlike Young, he has struggled in recent weeks, can only play on one side, and is in hot water with Mourinho after liking a post on Instagram calling for him to face the sack. As much as this one might hurt, I think it’s time to lose Valencia. United have the option to trigger a one year exstension should they want to. TLDR: Get rid
The inconsistent defender, who has been made famous thanks to his beautiful faces, has really been on the downward spiral lately. Since his penalty miss against Derby County he has not featured in the team, and his struggles, both defensively and on the injury front, mean that he’s not worth keeping. United do have the option to trigger a one-year extension to his contract should they want to cash in. TLDR: Get Rid
Like Jones, Smalling has his inconsistencies and errors, however, he has become the center back the club has got in its shaky defense, making the most appearances out of any central defender so far. While he really shouldn’t be a first team player for the club, he’s good enough to keep around. United have an option to trigger a one-year extension to his contract, should they want to. TLDR: Keep
United’s player of the year for 2016-17, since Nemanja Matic’s arrival at the club Herrera has struggled for game time. Add to that the fact Pogba, Fred, and McTominay are all younger and probably better (save maybe McTominay for the better part), and I think it might just be time to let Herrera go. It’s a hard choice to make, however, and Mourinho has stated his intention to keep him, so, you never know. United do not have an option to extend his contract by a year. TLDR: Maybe get rid
Labeled the next big thing for so long, Pereria finally got his chance to impress when he was handed starts for United’s first two matches of the season. H0wever, in the second game against Brighton, he was hauled off at halftime and has been barely seen since. If he isn’t going to play, then there’s no use keeping him, but there’s plenty of potential left in him so make sure he gets sold and add a buy-back clause. United have the option to keep him around for another year if they so chose. TLDR: Get rid, but add a buy-back clause
Mata is an interesting case. He’s quite possibly my favorite ever footballer, one of the nicest guys around, and a darn good player. The problem is, he has never quite been a first-team player under Mourinho, and a player of his caliber deserves to be playing regular first-team football. Still, he’s worth keeping around. United don’t have the option to trigger an extension. TLDR: Keep
Despite his rocky relationship with Mourinho over the years, along with DDG, Martial has probably saved his job, as the French man leads the clubs scoring charts with 7 goals so far. At just 23 he is a star of the future and utterly deserves a new contract. In fact, re-signing him should be Ed Woodward’s top priority. United have the option to extend his contract by twelve months. TLDR: Keep
Posted in Premier League, TransfersTagged Ander Herrera, Andreas Pereira, Anthony Martial, Antonio Valencia, Ashley Young, Chris Smalling, David de Gea, Juan Mata, Manchester United, Matteto Darmian, Phil Jones
For Barça, losing Messi isn’t a problem because there’s a bigger one happening now…
The MLS conference finals are just around the corner
One thought on “Who should stay and who should go – A look at United’s contract situations”
Well written. Valid points.
The process matters more than the results – Arsenal 18/19 season review
Top 10 underrated, entertaining games in 18/19 you may have missed
Who should Arsenal look for when Emery’s gone?
The players Arsenal should consider for the next season (including the Academy talents)
“Standing in the hall of shame” – The five Arsenal players who regressed a ton this season
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Asian petroleum companies: imperiling survival of South Sudan’s communities
By Kor Chop Leek
Summary: For two decades, and with the acquiescence of the government of South Sudan, Petronas of Malaysia, China National Petroleum and ONGC Videsh of India have been spewing poisons into South Sudan’s ecosystems – with corresponding and devastating results to communities and their residents’ lives. Defying the polluters’ military and financial power, officials in oil producing areas have been joining together to launch vociferous protests.
Oil exploration and production was launched in the late 1990s in South Sudan. Ever since, the consortia undertaking these activities – in several of which Petronas, China National Petroleum and ONGC Videsh of India have been or are shareholders – have failed to adhere to internationally-practiced environmental standards. The result: a widespread pollution of the environment.
The passing and promulgation in 2012 of South Sudan’s Petroleum Act caused no change in these practices. Quite the contrary. Asian oil giants have since then committed further unspeakable human rights violations.
These violations were the subject of South Sudan’s National Dialogue Conference, which was held in May 2019 in Juba.
At it, Mabek Lang Bilkui, the deputy governor of Ruweng state, stated, “Oil companies operating in our state pose a threat to the health of the communities. The companies have devastated the environment and exhausted its reserves. Our state was part of the first oil producing region in South Sudan. Now, rather than oil, the state produces deformed babies. Children are born without ears, eyes. We never get any response when we raise this issue. Our farmland is poisoned. Cattle are dying.”
As Mabek Lang Bilkui explained: “Our communities were promised a share of oil revenues. This never happened. Oil companies promised to compensate farmers and other land owners for the taking of their land. This never happened. Ruweng State produces 35,000 barrels a day of oil. Where has this money been going? Our state remains undeveloped.”
The same story prevails throughout the entire oil-rich greater Upper Nile region. Women report an epidemic of stillbirths, infertility, malformed infants.
Manasa Magok Rundial, the former speaker of South Sudan’s parliament, has also become a strong critic of the oil companies. As he pointed out in a recent radio broadcast: “People are dying from hitherto unknown ailments. Women are giving birth to babies showing multiple and horrific deformities. This has to stop.”
At international conferences, the government of South Sudan itself has admitted the existence of the “tragedy” and “disaster” of oil pollution in the country. The government’s reluctance to change this situation has caused a group of attorneys in South Sudan to consider suing it in international courts.
Decades of protests and fact-finding have failed to change the situation. Given that, the author of this article strongly questions the integrity and credibility of the oil companies and of the government of South Sudan.
The author wishes to pose these questions to the government and oil companies: is this the country that you wish us to have? A country in which its residents drink poisoned water and subsist – if at all – on poisoned land. A country of deformed children – and thus of a deformed future.
I am now repeating my call to the government of South Sudan to the oil companies operating in the country to take the urgent measures to turn back this “black tide” of oil pollution.
The author is a South Sudanese concern citizen, and is reachable at korpuoch@gmail.com
Workers at South Sudan’s GPOC oil consortium on strike!
Water pollution-caused fatalities in South Sudan
Grassroots journalism!
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Tag: Laura Anderson Babrata
interviews performance&dance women in art
Laura Anderson Barbata on Julia Pastrana
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Laura Anderson Barbata with Julia Pastrana.
The Eye of the Beholder: Julia Pastrana’s Long Journey Home is a new book edited by Laura Anderson Barbata and Donna Wingate. The essay collection sheds light on the life of historic sensation, Mexican international performer Julia Pastrana, expanding the story from anthropological and art historical perspectives. The book can also be viewed as a personal story of discovery. Artist and writer Laura Anderson Barbata remembers her own process of starting the project that eventually led to this book. How she got engaged in the controversial subject propels ideas of activism, and a passion to rewrite Pastrana’s history from new humanitarian and feminist points of view.
Firstindigo&Lifestyle: How did you originally get interested in Pastrana’s life?
Laura Anderson Barbata: In 2003, Amphibian Stage Productions, a theater company directed by my sister Kathleen Culebro, invited me to collaborate with designs for a play that they were about to premiere in New York: The True History of the Tragic Life and the Triumphant Death of Julia Pastrana, the Ugliest Woman in the World, by Shaun Prendergast. This is how I learned about Julia Pastrana. The story, unfolding in complete darkness, details the life of Julia as she traveled through Europe, a performer in a freak show, until her death in Moscow. It also briefly recounts the fate of her mummified body, and that of her baby, until they were added to the Schreiner Collection of human remains in the anatomy department of the University of Oslo. Upon hearing her story, I felt that my duty as a Mexican artist, and as a human being, was to do everything possible to have Pastrana removed from the anatomy collection and returned to Mexico, her place of birth—where she was at the time practically unknown—to receive a proper burial.
After nearly ten years of effort, Julia Pastrana was finally transferred to Mexican officials in Norway; I represented Mexico. After more than 150 years of being exhibited for her unique physical condition, Ms. Pastrana (1834–1860) was repatriated to Mexico and buried in Sinaloa, Mexico in 2013.
Firstindigo&Lifestyle: It’s been really a longitudinal project for you personally. How did you get others to get involved?
I was not the first person to request the burial of Julia Pastrana and have often asked myself, why was I able to succeed? Why did other efforts fail? What did I do differently? I think the answer lies in the fact that I am an artist and therefore my methodology was radically different from all others from the start. My extensive collaborative artistic experiences in Mexico, Venezuela, and Trinidad prepared me for a project of this magnitude that ultimately involved international institutions, government officials, various organizations, and scientists.
LAB: The ten-year plight for Julia’s return for burial began with letters I wrote to the National Research Ethics Committee for the Social Sciences and Humanities, the National Committee for Ethical Evaluation of Research on Human Remains of Norway, the Governor of Sinaloa in Mexico, the Foreign Affairs Department of Mexico, the University of Oslo, journalists, artists, anthropologists, individuals, and various institutions that I reached out to for their professional opinion, advice, and guidance. During this process, they became deeply involved and invested in the outcome. Each one was fundamental for the success of the repatriation and I consider them to be my collaborators.
Firstindigo&Lifestyle: How many authors are participating in the publication that is coming out now, and what perspectives do they cover from visual and historic perspectives?
LAB: I edited the book with Donna Wingate, and it includes texts by Jan Bondeson, Rosemarie Garland-Thomson, Grant Kester, Nicolas Márquez-Grant, Bess Lovejoy, and myself. Donna and I researched and selected more than fifty illustrations from the public domain, library collections, archival materials, and works commissioned especially for the project.
The Eye of the Beholder: Julia Pastrana’s Long Journey Home, book cover.
The authors are as follows:
Dr. Jan Bondeson is a Swedish-born rheumatologist, scientist and author, working as a senior lecturer and consultant rheumatologist at the Cardiff University School of Medicine. Outside of his career in medicine, he has written several nonfiction books on a variety of topics, such as medical anomalies and unsolved murder mysteries.
As an expert on Julia Pastrana, Bondeson contributed two chapters to the book; the first is a general introduction to the story of Julia Pastrana, and the second recounts how he found her remains in the basement of the Forensic Institute of Oslo in 1988, and how his extensive research established that she suffered from hypertrichosis terminalis rather than hypertrichosis lanuguinosa, as previously believed.
Dr. Nicholas Márquez-Grant is a Specialist Forensic Practitioner in Anthropology and Archaeology at Cellmark Forensic Services, Abingdon, UK. He is also a Research Associate of the Institute of Human Sciences, University of Oxford.
His text addresses the history of collections and the anthropological framework of the nineteenth century; the ethics surrounding human remains; the case of Julia Pastrana’s repatriation and its significance; witnessing Pastrana’s body in the chapel during the repatriation process.
Rosemarie Garland-Thomson is Professor of Women’s Studies and English at Emory University. Her fields of study are feminist theory, American literature, and disability studies. Her work develops the field of disability studies in the humanities and women’s and gender studies.
Dr. Garland-Thomson’s essay considers the ways that the public display of Julia Pastrana both reinforces and challenges the lines between the self and other, human and non-human, ordinary and extraordinary, that such spectacles rely upon. By analyzing how Pastrana’s display and recent repatriation and burial in Sinaloa invest her body with different meanings, it traces the processes that socially mark human bodies in order to reveal and explicate the inner workings of representational systems, such as race, gender, ethnicity, and disability.
Grant Kester is Professor of Art History, and Director of the University Art Gallery at the University of California, San Diego. Kester is one of the leading figures in the emerging critical dialogue around “relational” or “dialogical” art practices.
Dr. Kester’s text discusses how European colonizers were unable to attach specific meaning to the objects they acquired through colonization and thus developed larger meanings for art more generally. Recovering Pastrana’s remains becomes an act of restitution that encourages a confrontation with the historical status of “stolen” objects and encourages a renegotiation of and reconnection to the understanding of the past.
Bess Lovejoy is a Brooklyn-based writer and editor.
Ms. Lovejoy’s essay contextualizes Julia Pastrana’s afterlife by considering a number of other notable individuals whose bodies have been preserved in museums. Like Pastrana, many of these individuals possessed bodies that differed from the European norm, either because they were born with physical abnormalities or because they were of non-European ethnicities. Her chapter considers how scientific and ethical considerations complicate the collection and display of such bodies, and how some of these bodies have been the focal point of successful repatriation campaigns, while others have not.
Laura Anderson Barbata
My essay describes my own journey: the process, challenges, and partnerships that were formed as I worked for ten years for the repatriation of Julia Pastrana.
Books by Laura Anderson Barbata. Images by Firstindigo&Lifestyle.
Laura Anderson Barbata in her studio.
Firstindigo&Lifestyle: Your own artistic research work on Pastrana has included performative phases, how are you implementing this approach on the book?
LAB: While Julia Pastrana was billed as “The Ugliest Woman in the World,” what is most important to mention is that she was a gifted mezzo-soprano and dancer—she was a very successful performer during her lifetime. Julia Pastrana’s life story and the fate of her body after her death (including her successful repatriation) brings to light issues that remain deeply relevant: beauty, ownership, science and racism, commercialization, objectification, exploitation, human rights, public versus private, international law, colonialism, sexism, respect, responsibility, indigenous rights, memory, sensitivity, the physical body, and the spiritual body.
In order to unpack all of these subjects, I felt that they must be addressed through different mediums. First, it was important to create a publication to gather the most significant material concerning her life with critical essays from different scholars. Donna Wingate and I worked on this book for over four years—researching archives and discussing the various lenses through which we could gain a deeper understanding of Julia Pastrana. At the same time, our goal was to present a full account of Pastrana as a person, a woman, and an artist, with the dignity she had been denied during her life and after her death. The book includes images of my artworks—works on paper and performances—based on the story of Julia Pastrana.
Firstindigo&Lifestyle: How would you describe the cultural life in Mexico at the time of Julia over hundred years ago? Also, what was the context that she was surrounded by that addressed her as a celebratory oddity?
LAB: Julia only lived in Mexico for the first twenty years of her life. She was born in 1834 in the State of Sinaloa, and according to popular legend, was born in the indigenous village of Ocoroni—or thereabout—in 1834. Today Ocoroni belongs to the municipality of Sinaloa, in the state of the same name, and is located in the foothills of the Sierra Madre Occidental.
In the decades of the first half of the nineteenth century, Mexico was searching for its own destiny and independence. Since the establishment of the first settlements by European Hispanics in the sixteenth century until the early nineteenth century, the territory of Sinaloa was mainly a mining state. The population, therefore, settled in the mountains and in the valleys. Mining camps and towns were established throughout Sinaloa for the search and exploitation of metallic resources that were coveted by the monarch of Spain.
Nothing is known about Julia’s parents or siblings, and there are no documents of her birth or baptism. It should be noted that the Office of Public Records (Registro Público) had not yet been created in Mexico; it was legally established on January 27, 1857. Little is known about her childhood, although it is said that an uncle took charge of her after the death of her mother, and in an effort to make a quick buck, sold to her to a small traveling circus—the kind that occasionally passes through these remote villages. Sometime around 1836 until April 1854, Julia was a maid in the residence of Mr. Pedro Sánchez, who had been in charge of the government of Sinaloa from September 28, 1836 to June 3rd, 1837. It is possible that he purchased Julia from the circus that had exhibited her throughout the northwest of the country.
We believe that her training as a mezzo-soprano and dancer began when she lived at the governor’s house, and he likely presented her before audiences. She spoke four languages: English, French, Spanish, and Cahita, her native tongue. She was taken to Guadalajara to perform in 1854, and news of her reached the United States, as we found in an article in the New York Post. This must have been what sparked the interest of the American Theodore Lent, who worked for Barnum and Bailey and later became Julia’s husband. He traveled to Mexico to meet with Pedro Sánchez and Francisco Sepulveda to discuss a business venture that involved the sale and purchase of Julia Pastrana.
Firstindigo&Lifestyle: As a phenomenon she became extremely internationalized so to speak. How would you explain this to contemporary audiences, from the perspectives of art, science, and women’s history?
When Julia Pastrana left Mexico and traveled to the United States with Francisco Sepulveda to meet Theodore Lent to complete a business transaction between Sepulveda and Lent, Theodore Lent secretly convinced Julia Pastrana to marry him, and he immediately became her manager. He presented her to audiences and billed her as the Bear-woman, the Nondescript, the Ape Woman, the Female Hybrid, the Wonderful Hybrid, and Baboon Lady, among other sobriquets.
LAB: Julia Pastrana was taken to perform in Boston, Philadelphia, Cleveland, and New York, among other cities. After a number of presentations in the US and Canada, Lent decided to take his show to Europe. They traveled to London, and extensively throughout Germany, Poland, and Russia. Julia Pastrana’s shows were very successful, and newspapers throughout Europe wrote about her.
Julia Pastrana’s story is a reminder that what happened to her is not an experience exclusively from the past—today there are far too many cases of exploitation, abuse, neglect, cruelty, human trafficking, and discrimination. Julia Pastrana is a reminder that we urgently need to forward women’s rights, indigenous rights, children’s rights, and eliminate human traffic to start. We must end gender discrimination, defend the rights of people with differences, protect religious choices and end the voracious dehumanization of people in the name of political, commercial, religious, and scientific purposes. For me, it means that I continue working on the topics related to her, the injustices she lived and how they are still relevant today.
LAB: Among the works are: a performance piece that is continually evolving, a series of zines that address different topics related to Julia Pastrana such as: repatriation of human remains, museum ethics, exhibition practices, the objectification of people and women, human traffic, beauty and the commercialization of women’s bodies, feminism, animal rights, love, circus arts, among others; in addition, we are working towards an Opera about Julia Pastrana in collaboration with the artist collective Apparatjik, Concha Buika, and Void Design.
Firstindigo&Lifestyle: Do you think she is appreciated in Mexico today, and how will the book contribute to that?
LAB: The repatriation of Julia Pastrana sparked a great interest worldwide and in Mexico. Since Julia Pastrana’s repatriation there have been at least three plays written and performed in Mexico about her, and I understand there is a feature film in development by a Mexican director. I have also learned about a woman’s health center that opened recently in Argentina that is named after Julia Pastrana. Because of my work on the repatriation of Julia Pastrana, I recently received an award by the Instituto de Administración Pública of the State of Tabasco, Mexico for the Defense of Human Rights.
It is clear to me that all of these responses show that Mexico is embracing Julia Pastrana and is working towards restorative actions for her memory, for the promotion of dignity and justice, and in humanitarian efforts to defend the rights of all.
The Eye of the Beholder: Julia Pastrana’s Long Journey HomeAvailable through Art Book/DAP http://www.artbook.com/9780692762189.html
More on Laura Anderson Barbata
Artist website: http://www.lauraandersonbarbata.com/
Tags art books, body and mind, books, female beauty, feminism, global and local, Julia Pastrana, Laura Anderson Babrata, Mexico
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Flathead Lake Facts
Lake Statistics
Flathead Fish
F.L. Bathymetric Map
The Flathead Lake Biological Station (FLBS) is a year-round University of Montana Center of Excellence that conducts ecological research with an emphasis on fresh water, particularly Flathead Lake and the Flathead watershed. FLBS also provides field ecology courses for college students, natural resource professionals and educators from around the nation; trains graduate students for professional and teaching careers; and provides scientific data, interpretation and outreach to help resolve environmental problems and inform public policy.
FLBS is one of the oldest active biological stations in the US. It was established in 1899 by Dr. Morton Elrod, the first Biology Professor at the University of Montana. Dr. Elrod was instrumental in the creation of the National Bison Range and Glacier National Park for which he was the first naturalist and wrote its first guide book. FLBS was originally located in Bigfork, but was moved to Yellow Bay in the 1908.
Flathead Lake is the 79th largest of the natural freshwater lakes in the world, and it is one of the cleanest.
Flathead Lake's high water quality results from its watershed being mainly National Park, Wilderness and managed forest lands (>60%); having a relatively low human population (~95,000); being dominated by very old, low nutrient geology; receiving high amounts of precipitation (mostly as mountain snow); and rapid flushing of the Lake (about 2.2 years for all the water to be replaced). In contrast, Lake Tahoe's flushing time is about 650 years.
FLBS serves as the "Sentinel of the Lake", having collected samples and data on Flathead Lake ecology and water quality for over 100 years, and provides insights into ecological conditions and changes over time. Since 1977, FLBS researchers have conducted a rigorous scientific monitoring program, which has shown declining water quality (e.g., increases in algal growth and algal blooms, declines in oxygen in bottom waters). These changes appear to be due to increases in nutrient pollution from human sources, shoreline erosion, changing climate and introduced species (particularly Mysis shrimp); and would have gone unnoticed if FLBS researchers were not conducting long-term monitoring. Currently, FLBS researchers are developing biological and physical models to better understand the influence of increasing nutrients and temperatures plus highly complex community interactions on Flathead Lake's water quality.
Decreases in water quality have led Federal and State agencies to classify Flathead Lake as "Impaired" due to human caused increases in nutrient and sediments, and to work on creating a long-term plan for water quality protection.
Flathead Lake is currently described as oligotrophic which means lacking in plant nutrients, but FLBS monitoring indicates that nutrient inputs are increasing.
Flathead Lake is the largest natural freshwater lake in the western US (by surface area) outside of Alaska. Lake Tahoe has more water than Flathead because it is significantly deeper (nearly 1650 ft vs. 380 ft). The Great Salt Lake in Utah is significantly larger than Flathead but is salt, not fresh water. And there are numerous larger man-made reservoirs.
Average surface temperatures of the Lake range from 2.3°C (36°F) in mid-January to 13.5°C (56°F) in mid-June to 20.3°C (68°F) in mid-August.
Flathead Lake's biological community is much different today than when FLBS was founded. The Lake originally had 11 native fish species, notably westslope cutthroat trout (Montana State fish) and bull trout (top predator). However, since the late 1800s, fisheries managers have introduced 19 nonnative fishes to "enhance" the Lake and its angling opportunities. These fish introductions, along with the arrival of the nonnative Mysis (opossum) shrimp in the mid-1980s, changed the biological community dramatically. Today, the fish community is more similar to the Great Lakes than Rocky Mountain lakes, as it is dominated by nonnatives, particularly lake trout, lake whitefish and yellow perch.
Flathead Lake is a remnant of Glacial Lake Missoula, which covered much of Western Montana until roughly 15,000 years ago. Periodic rupturing of the ice dam that created the lake resulted in cataclysmic floods that swept across Washington and Oregon, removing and transporting huge amounts of sediments, creating the scablands of Eastern Washington, and carving out the Columbia River Gorge.
The Lake's major tributaries are the Flathead and Swan Rivers. There are numerous small streams that flow into the Lake, particularly on the wetter East Shore.
Maximum river flow in the Flathead generally occurs between May 15 and June 15 during peak snowmelt, creating a sediment plume that can cover the entire lake surface.
The Lake level and its outflow are regulated by Kerr Dam, which is located on the Lower Flathead River near Polson. Kerr Dam was completed in 1938 by the Montana Power Company, raised the Lake level 10 feet above its natural level, and generates 194 megawatts of electricity. It is cooperatively operated by PPL Montana and the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes. Regulation by the dam results in the Lake level fluctuating seasonally 10 feet between 2,883 and 2,893 feet above sea level. If snowpack conditions in the mountains do not threaten flooding, lake level is brought to 2,890 feet by the end of May and to full pool by June 15 for summer recreation.
Due to its large volume and fetch (distance of water across which wind blows), Flathead Lake requires very cold and calm conditions to freeze entirely. Therefore, most winters it does not freeze over, although some bays and margins have ice cover. FLBS historic observations show that the Lake froze over about once each decade, however the Lake has not entirely frozen since 1988-89 (March only) and 1989-90 (January only), perhaps reflecting warmer climatic conditions.
Public lands around the Lake include a National Wildlife Refuge on the North Shore, six State Parks (including Yellow Bay which is on FLBS property) managed by Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks (FWP), and nine Fishing Accesses managed by FWP or the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes.
Wildhorse Island, one of the State Parks, is the largest island in the lake at 2,100 acres, and rises 1,200 feet above the Lake. It is noted for herds of wild horses and Rocky Mountain Bighorn sheep. Native grasses and flowers are abundant.
The first wagon trail (1880s) from Polson to Somers followed the West Shore of the Lake and was steep and hazardous. In places, wagons were lowered by ropes.
In 1911, work started from the south end of the Lake to build an East Shore road. The road, which was primarily built by convict labor, was not completed until 1946. Until then, FLBS students and researchers arrived by horse or steamboat.
Economists estimate that Flathead Lake boosts shoreline property values by $6-$8 billion, nature based tourism (which depends upon a healthy Flathead Lake-River System) accounts for roughly 20% of the $7.8 billion annual economy of Flathead and Lake Counties, and ecological services (e.g., water supply and purification, flood and drought mitigation) contribute another $20+ billion in benefits to human society.
Maximum Length
27.3 miles (43.9 km)
370.7 feet (113 m)
Mean Depth
164.7 feet (50.2 m)
Area Covered by Lake
191.5 sq miles (495.9 sq km)
Area Covered by Islands
5.5 sq miles (14.2 sq km)
Volume of Water
5.56 cu miles (23.2 cu km)
Length of Shoreline
161.4 miles (259.7 km)
Curvature of Lake Surface
13.2 feet (4.02 m)
5.2 feet (1.58 m)
Flushing Time
Fish of the Flathead Basin
Species, Common Name
Habitats1
Current Status2,3
Bull trout, Salvelinus confluentus All C,D, L
Westslope cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi All C,D
Mountain whitefish, Prosopium williamsoni All C,?
Pygmy whitefish, Prosopium coulterii FL,L,A R,?
Largescale sucker, Catostomus macrocheilus FL,L,R C,S
Longnose sucker, Catostomus catostomus FL,L,R C,S
Northern pikeminnow, Ptychocheilus oregonensis FL,L,R C,S
Peamouth chub, Mylocheilus caurinus FL,L,R C,S
Redside shiner, Richardsonius balteatus FL,L,R C,S
Slimy sculpin, Cottus cognatus FL,L,R C,S
Longnose dace, Rhinichthys cataractae FLR C,S
Nonnative (year introduced)
Lake whitefish (1890), Coregonus clupeaformis All A,E
Lake trout (1905), Salvelinus namaycush All A,E
Rainbow trout (1914), Oncorhynchus mykiss FL,L,R A,E
Brook trout (1913), Salvelinus fontinalis FL,L,R A,E
Yellowstone cutthroat trout (1910s), Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri L,R,A R4,S
Golden trout (1960s), Oncorhynchus mykiss aquabonita L R4,S
Brown trout (1910s), Salmo trutta R,FLR R,?
Kokanee salmon (1916), Oncorhynchus nerka A R,D
Arctic grayling (1960s), Thymallus arcticus L,R,A R4,S
Yellow perch (1910), Perca flavescens FL,L A,S
Northern pike (1960s), Esox lucius FL,L,R C,E
Largemouth bass (1898), Micropterus salmoides FL,L R,E
Smallmouth bass (1960s), Micropterus dolomieu FL,L,FLR C,E
Pumpkinseed sunfish (1910), Lepomis gibbosus FL,L C,S
Black bullhead (1910), Ameiurus melas FL,L C,S
Central mudminnow (1990s), Umbra limi L R,?
Brook stickleback (??), Culaea inconstans FL,L,R R,?
Walleye (??), Sander vitreus L R4,?
White sucker (??), Catostomus commersonii L R4,?
Black crappie (??), Pomoxis nigromaculatus L R4,?
1 Habitats: Populations found in: Flathead Lake (FL), other Basin lakes (L), rivers and streams (R), with adfluvial (A) life cycle (adults in lakes, spawn in tributary streams); the Lower Flathead River (FLR) downstream of Kerr Dam.
2 Distribution: Abundant throughout Basin (A), common in many areas (C) or restricted (R);
3 Trend: Population size stable (S), declining (D), expanding (E), or unknown (?). Listed (L) under the Federal Endangered Species Act.
4 Introduced to a few small lakes in the Basin.
Compiled by FLBS and adapted from: B.K. Ellis, J.A. Stanford et al. 2011; Stanford, J.A. and B.K. Ellis 2002; Holton and Johnson 1996; Montana Fisheries Information System; unpublished records; and professional opinion.
Flathead Lake Bathymetric Map
The printable FLBS Flathead Lake bathymetric map shows the depth contours of Flathead Lake, as well as the locations of Flathead Lake public access points.
Flathead Lake level information is now available on the FLBS weather and meteorological data page.
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Return to BASA
Edstein, Melinda
Clivia miniata, Clivia miniata var. citrina, Clivia Belgian Hybrid
$1,200.00 Purchase this work
Magnolia x soulangeana
Melinda is a botanical artist based in Sydney. She creates pictures with coloured pencils.
Having always had a fascination for science and nature, she gained a Bachelor of Veterinary Science, Hons 1, from the University of Sydney. In more recent times, she discovered that botanical art was also a way of combining her loves.
In 2008 Melinda began classes at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, with Barbara Duckworth.
Since then, she has completed the SBA Distance Learning Course from London, gaining a Diploma with Distinction in 2017.
Melinda has exhibited locally and internationally. She has contributed to Botanica at the RBGSyd since 2010.
In 2019 her work was one of 41 pieces to be selected from around the world to be part of the 16th International Exhibition of Botanical Art and Illustration, held at the Hunt Institute, Carnegie Melon University, Pittsburgh.
Melinda is a Signature Member of the Society of Botanical Artists, which is based in the UK. She is currently working on a portfolio of works to be shown at the Royal Horticultural Society exhibition in London.
You can see more of Melinda’s work on Instagram @ melinda.edstein.art , and at her website, melindaedsteinart.com
Progress Images
Deciduous Magnolia WIP
The Botanical Art Society of Australia Inc.
Exeter NSW 2579
© 2020 The Botanical Art Society of Australia Inc. | Site by HighlandCreative.com.au
All images on this site are copyright by the artists and may only be used with their permission.
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SolarCity to Acquire Paramount Solar as First Step Toward Million Customer Goal
August 13, 2013 - SolarCity and Paramount GR Holding, LLC, dba Paramount Equity, today announced that they have entered into a definitive agreement for SolarCity to acquire the assets of Paramount Energy Solutions, LLC dba Paramount Solar, a subsidiary of Paramount Equity, in a transaction valued at approximately $120 million. Under the terms of the agreement, SolarCity will acquire the Paramount Solar business for $116.3 million in stock, and the remainder in cash. Paramount Equity CEO Hayes Barnard will join SolarCity as chief revenue officer in charge of the company's sales and marketing organizations upon closing of the acquisition.
"SolarCity has developed what I believe to be the best field sales and marketing organization in the solar industry. The national residential solar market has been growing between 60-70 percent annually, and we've been growing at twice that rate—144% year over year in the most recent quarter—and had three times the market share of our nearest competitor in 2012," said SolarCity CEO Lyndon Rive. "Now we've found the perfect complement. Hayes Barnard and Guthy│Renker have built what I strongly believe to be the best virtual sales organization in the solar industry, with an extraordinary ability to acquire customers at a low cost. We expect the addition of Hayes, Ben and the Paramount Solar team to help us attain our goal to reach one million customers in the next five years at an even lower cost than was previously possible."
SolarCity expects a more significant impact from the acquisition in 2014, but it is updating 2013 guidance to 278MW to account for Paramount Solar's backlog of uninstalled customers. The company's goal to reach one million customers equates to approximately 6,000MW deployed, or six gigawatts of total generation capacity.
"Over the past four years, the Paramount Solar team has built the company into a direct marketing and virtual sales powerhouse. We are incredibly proud of this accomplishment and feel that it is the perfect time to join forces with SolarCity, to offer more customers the ability to take control of their energy costs by producing clean, renewable energy," said Hayes Barnard. "Together, we'll develop the most sophisticated customer acquisition and installation system in the industry to provide one million customers with residential solar systems, forever changing the way energy is consumed, and at a lower cost."
The transaction is structured as the acquisition of all of the assets and the assumption of certain liabilities of the business of Paramount Energy Solutions, LLC. The transaction is expected to be completed in September, subject to customary closing conditions. Following the completion of the acquisition, Paramount Equity Mortgage, LLC, Value360, LLC, and Ironstone Insurance LLC, the remaining divisions of Paramount Equity, will continue to operate as independent companies.
Source: Business Wire
SolarCity (Installateurs): https://fr.enfsolar.com/solarcity
Paramount Solar (Installateurs): https://fr.enfsolar.com/paramount-solar
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Lalini Devi
Tagline: Grace personified
The verandah of M. Lalini Devi’s house bears testimony to her lineage in exquisite hand embroidery. On the walls are photographs of her mother, a national award winner, and her sister, a state award winner like Lalini herself. There are also posters giving information about the Shaphee Lanphee tradition of embroidery that she specialises in, and a collection of colourful shawls, stoles and bags.
Lalini lives in Imphal East in Wangkhei Yonglan Leirak, famous for the weaving of the Rani Phee. Shedding light on her tradition, she says, “Different clans do different kinds of embroidery. I inherited it from my mother, and she from her mother. [According to a myth,] a God said that the shawl should be embellished with different animals like buffalo, elephant, and elements like spear, sun, and moon. In earlier times this shawl was given to a person as an honour by the King to acknowledge his/her achievement. Now it is a necessary part of the lives of the tribal people who use it during marriages, and for burial.” Lalini got married in 1991, but tragedy struck a couple of years later when she lost her husband and new born son. She tried living at her in-law’s place with her daughter for a few years, but could not cope as there was no one to look after the child when she had to travel for work. She has been living at her maternal home for the past 16 years. Lalini’s daughter, now 24, is pursuing a course in Homeopathy in Madhya Pradesh. At present the household comprises her niece and herself. Her life revolves around her niece who she is devoted to, and of course, her work. She loves doing embroidery and has taken it up whole heartedly. She travels to trade fairs in the northeast, and also to Delhi and Mumbai.
She works out of a small inconsequential looking shed with plywood walls, but has a whole system in place. She has trained 13 people who now work for her. They tailor, weave and do embroidery. “We make shawls, table cloths, bags and cushion covers,” she says.“They are not bought by the common people as they are too expensive. It is all done by hand. Earlier we would do embroidery only on black, but now we use different base colours. [Often] I do fast and bad embroidery. There is a saying in Manipur that for the market one has to make it very fast, but it will not be of good quality,” she adds with disarming honesty.
Her association with Chanura began in 2009 when she heard that there was actually an organisation that supports women’s businesses. In the first cycle, she got a loan of Rs 5,000 to buy threads and to pay wages. Earlier she used to sell her products in the local market, but was not able to earn much, but now she has found more profitable outlets in fairs in other towns and cities, as well as in handloom houses.
Sick of being dependent on kerosene and candles because of the irregular supply of electricity, she opted for solar lamps in consecutive cycles—a study lamp, Accendo lamp, and then two Mini Home Lighting systems. Solar has been a big boon for her as using electricity is a risk for her niece who is suffering from serious physical and mental illness. Lalini explains, “We use a solar fan in the house as my niece does not like the ceiling fan. She complains that her hair flies all over the place, and she feels uncomfortable. She needs the solar fan and light on 24 hours a day.”
Sharing her dream for the future, she says, “I want to open a showroom for my clothes. My dream also includes the solar lamp! I want the path leading to my house to be lit. Now it is dark and swampy. Another thing is, we have to keep the TV on 24x7 for my niece even when she is sleeping... I wish there could be a TV that runs on solar power!”
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WINGS SUNFLOWER Intervention: Project Resources and Materials
Since May 2019 in Kyrgyzstan the Global Research Institute (GLORI Foundation) collaboratively with six Crisis Centers and the Association of Crisis Centers of the Kyrgyz Republic, have been applying the UNDP-funded project that aims at integration of the intervention model on prevention of gender-based violence in Crisis Centers activities in the Kyrgyz Republic. These six Crisis Centers are “Ak Jurok” (the town of Osh), “Ayalzat” and “Meerman” (the town of Karakol), “Tendesh” (the town of Naryn), and “Sezim” and “Chance” (the town of Bishkek). The project team collaborates with the partners in the Republic of Korea who help with adapting and applying specific components of the SUNFLOWER mechanism in Kyrgyzstan.
Republic of Korea has a one-stop service mechanism for GBV survivors, known as the Sunflower Centre. Sunflower Centres are housed in hospitals and provide integrated support, including medical, counseling, legal and police-investigation services. As of November 2018, there are 38 Sunflower Centres across the country. The Centres are administered by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family, in collaboration with local governments, hospitals, and the police. Sunflower Centres are fully funded by the Government in Korea. The Sunflower Centre also provides targeted support for underage victims and persons with disabilities. It focuses on capacity development for preventing and identifying cases of violence, promoting gender equality, ensuring stronger and more effective measures to provide services to beneficiaries, protecting their rights, and preventing secondary victimization.
The six Crisis Centers have been working using the unique client-oriented methodological framework that builds on WINGS model invented at the Columbia University Social Intervention Group. The WINGS acronym stands for Women Initiating New Goals for Safety. The key components of WINGS model include: a short educational course, where women are trained about the specifics of particular type of gender-based violence; a screening process to identifying the level of victimization with the purpose to find out about the risk of becoming the victim of violence; intervention aimed at, motivating and improving the participant’s emotional state; developing the safety plan; and setting goals for the nearest future. This approach is called SBIRT, which stands for Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment. One of the key elements of the SBIRT framework is referral to appropriate service-providers depending on each particular case severity and specifics of the survived violence.
Although women with diverse social status and income level are at risk of violence, the project beneficiaries can be classified as individuals with below-average income, thus the issues of household budget sustainability remain very important to them. These women apply for help to the crisis centers after they experience gender-based violence or intimate partner or domestic violence. Very often they experience psychological abuse in the form of insults and threats. Other discovered forms of violence included unlawful detention, preventing from seeing family, and forcing to eat by herself, away from family. Economic violence is widely observed in the form of suppression of women by limiting her financial resources or, on the opposite, by abusing their trust and building debts in their names.
Collaboratively with experts and civil activists several medical agencies were screened with a purpose to identify the ones that would be willing to to be a site for piloting one-stop GBV-service provision mechanism equipped with consideration of the globally acknowledges standards, whose experience later could be disseminated to other medical agencies in the country. It is important to create comfortable conditions for violence survivors that would consider norms of privacy and allowed to manage client-friendly investigation activities by law enforcement officers. These centers have to have WI-FI, there should be sufficient audio and video equipment, and one-way mirrors designed many years ago by Arnold Gesell, that is reflective on one side and transparent at the other. This will allow to collect the testimonials necessary for documenting violence and interview the victims involving the experts and professionals who would do it via video-conference. The medical institution has to have clear and effective protocol describing collaboration with law enforcement agencies and prosecutors. It’s also important that if women apply there for help, they feel safe and get all necessary scope of services and support, including for their children.
While implementing this project, crisis centers are in full compliance with the government agencies and country leadership who work on applying the standards described in the National Plan for Achieving Gender Equality that has been developed for 2018-2020 period and approved by the Government’s Memo #537 as of 19 November 2018. The Memo focuses on packaging services for women and girls who experience gender-based and domestic violence.
The WINGS SUNFLOWER Conference page can be reached through this link >>>
Through this link you can access Russian version of the Methodological Guidelines on adapted WINGS SUNFLOWER GBV-prevention intervention with sessions scripts and monitoring and evaluation solutions:
Through this link you can access Kyrgyz version of the Methodological Guidelines on adapted WINGS SUNFLOWER GBV-prevention intervention with sessions scripts and monitoring and evaluation solutions:
The Resource Book with description of SUNFLOWER Centres activity in the Republic of Korea, in Russian, can be accessed from here:
The Resource Book with description of SUNFLOWER Centres activity in the Republic of Korea, in English, can be accessed from here:
Overview of SUNFLOWER Centres’ activity in the Republic of Korea, in English, is available from here:
We recorded this 2-minute video at the UNDP office when just started preparations to the WINGS SUNFLOWER International Conference. In the video Ms Bermet Ubaidillaeva who coordinates the project on behalf of the Gender Program at UNDP in the Kyrgyz Republic, Ms Tolkun Tiulekova who is the Executive Director of the Kyrgyz Crisis Centers Association, and Mr Danil Nikitin of the GLORI Foundations, are telling about successful collaboration while implementing this exciting project:
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Healthcare and The Artificial Intelligence Revolution
HealthcareAI.jpg
The healthcare sector has always embraced technology. Since the advent of the computer, technologists and healthcare professionals have been working together to exploit technological breakthroughs so that they might improve patient outcomes while also minimising costs and delivering high standards of care to a greater number of patients. When a technology becomes reliable, cost-effective and scalable, it is embraced and generally thrives. We saw this in the '70s with the adoption of mainframe computers, in the '80s with the widespread adoption of personal computers and local networking, in the '90s with internet-based systems and more recently with the adoption of mobile technologies. It appears now we are on the cusp of the next technological revolution within healthcare, combining the vast amounts of data available, cloud computing services and machine learning techniques in order to create artificial intelligence (AI)-based solutions that can provide expert insight and analysis on a mass scale, at a relatively low cost.
What is AI?
AI is concerned with replicating mechanisms of human intelligence using computers and software. One popular technique involves replicating the brain's neural network (a modelling technique known as 'artificial neural networks') to analyse information, extract layers of detail from within it and ultimately attempt to interpret the results. This makes the technology perfect for performing tasks such as analysing language and identifying objects within images. The basic principles have been around since the '60s and were refined in the '90s to allow systems to 'learn' based on previous results. In medicine such methods were used to perform tasks such as analysing pap smears.
Fast forward by 15-20 years and we have reached the magical point in time where the key ingredients required for the technology to become truly transformative have converged, giving us what many refer to as 'deep learning' neural networks. The reduced cost and increase in speed of modern-day systems has led to the widespread use of the technology on a commercial basis with deep learning neural networks forming the backbone of many apps and services that we all take for granted on a daily basis (eg Google Image Search, Siri, etc).
In recent years companies such as Google and IBM have been investing billions of dollars in research, development and acquisitions specifically for the healthcare applications of their products, and we are beginning to see the results of this investment in the real world of healthcare.
It's already begun
Recently it was widely publicised that IBM's flagship AI, Watson, had helped doctors at the University of Tokyo to identify a rare form of leukaemia in a 60-year-old woman who had been incorrectly diagnosed just months earlier. How was this achieved? Watson was initially 'trained' on a data set of around 20 million oncology studies. Once given the patient's genetic information, Watson was able to find patterns in the data set that were consistent with those of the patient and thus was ultimately able to make the correct diagnosis. Imagine trying to achieve this feat using traditional means. It would have taken thousands of man-hours from highly skilled scientific experts to trawl through the data and attempt to look for similarities. The pure cost and time to perform such a task would make it prohibitive, not to mention the impact of taking those skilled experts away from other valuable duties, such as patient consultations. Therefore, if the tech companies behind these advances can deliver consistent results and make it affordable, it is just a matter of time before the use of AI in these scenarios becomes widespread
However, the technology companies alone cannot make AI proliferate into mainstream medical use. The medical communities and legislators around the world must play their part too. The AI platforms are only as good as the data they are trained on, so in order to achieve correct and consistent results, access to large relevant data sets must be available. There is always a degree of concern when people hear about medical records being stored electronically, particularly when handed over to third parties for what could be seen as commercial benefits. A prime example of this arose recently when the NHS partnered with Google-owned DeepMind on a number of initiatives to use machine learning techniques in order to improve patient care and medical research understanding. The first of these initiatives involved the use of 1.6 million patient records from the Royal Free NHS Trust, and the media at the time were quick to print headlines such as 'Google given access to London patient records for research'. In isolation these headlines may be concerning, and at the time there were legitimate discussions around the use of this data and the NHS's standard third-party data access policies. It certainly highlighted a level of scepticism in society surrounding the use of medical records by large corporations. More recently, and less controversially, the NHS and DeepMind have partnered to use machine learning on fully anonymised records to potentially recognise sight-threatening conditions from digital scans of a patient's eyes. This initiative came about when a consultant ophthalmologist, Pearse Keane, contacted DeepMind directly after reading about its machine learning-based image recognition capabilities. He immediately made the connection between the capabilities of the technology and the benefits it could yield for his profession and ultimately patients. A colleague of Pearse Keane, Professor Peng Tee Khaw, the head of Moorfields' ophthalmology research centre, eloquently stated the desired benefits of this approach when interviewed recently by The Guardian: “It takes me my whole life experience to follow one patient's history. And yet patients rely on my experience to predict their future. If we could use machine-assisted deep learning, we could be so much better at doing this, because then I could have the experience of 10,000 lifetimes.”
When you hear of this technology being discussed in these terms, it just makes sense. The results of this medical trial will be eagerly awaited.
As healthcare professionals learn more about AI-based initiatives they will be more inclined to explore these solutions themselves, which could be the main driver for the proliferation of the technology's use.
Healthcare professionals are now not only influencing tech companies, they are starting their own. We need look no further than biotech start-up Berg to see how tech savvy healthcare professionals, such as their president and co-founder Dr Niven Narain, are altering the landscape of the industry by using AI. Berg recently published data on a drug it had developed using AI techniques. The drug (BPM31510) originated when the company fed large amounts of cell information into its AI system, allowing it to learn common characteristics and differences between healthy and cancerous cells. With this learned knowledge, the system could highlight possible methods by which a cancerous cell could be restored to a healthy cell again. Early trial data is encouraging, with indications that the drug is effective in treating certain tumours. The exciting aspect of this method is that the technology should only improve over time: as patient data from trials is fed back into the system, it will begin to refine its knowledge of the disease and will be able to make more insightful suggestions.
Dr Narain and his Berg colleagues are fundamentally challenging the traditional scientific method used for drug discovery. This was highlighted in a recent interview with Wired when he said: “You need to use AI to find how normal cellular processes break down, how that leads to disease and what the potential treatments are. Most people say: 'This is not how drugs are developed.' My answer to that is: 'Exactly, but this is the way drugs should be developed.'”
This quote reminds me of Henry Ford's famous line: “If I had asked people what they wanted, they would have said faster horses”, and shows that for progress to be made it takes pioneering individuals to embrace technology and challenge the status quo.
http://www.pmlive.com/pharma_news/healthcare_and_the_artificial_intellig...
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New York, NY to New York, NY
Surrounded by the Catskill Mountains on the western shore and the Taconic and Berkshire Hills to the east, the Hudson River is rich in both history and beauty. The cities and towns along the river date back to Dutch and English rule and feature some of the most magnificent architecture in America.
Our expert guides will lead you through these grand and historic sites including the Vanderbilt Mansion, the home of Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the Olana State Historic Site, home to one of the most influential Hudson River School Painters, Frederic Church.
At West Point Military Academy, walk the hallowed grounds traversed by some of the nation's greatest generals, and later visit the riverside town of Sleepy Hollow made famous by the great American writer Washington Irving.
Early Bird Discount: Book early and Save $400 or more per stateroom on this cruise.
Hudson River Cruises Itinerary
Day 1 New York, NY
Day 2 West Point, NY
Day 3 Kingston, NY
Day 4 Hyde Park, NY
Day 5 Troy / Albany, NY
Day 6 Catskill, NY
Day 7 Sleepy Hollow, NY
Day 1 - New York, NY
New York City is the perfect destination to start your cruise along the Hudson River. Referred to as the city that doesn’t sleep, New York City is home to Broadway theaters, world-famous museums, iconic department stores, and Radio City Music Hall.
After boarding your ship, enjoy a delightful afternoon cruising from this bustling metropolitan area to the idyllic Hudson River region.
Crime & Cannoli
New York City Excursion
Day 2 - West Point, NY
The United States Military Academy at West Point offers visitors the opportunity to walk on the hallowed grounds once traversed by some of the nation's greatest generals. Founded in 1802 by an act of Congress, the Academy has been of significant military importance to America. Tour the West Point Museum and Cadet Chapel, while viewing magnificent vistas of the Hudson Valley from atop the campus grounds.
Guided West Point Exploration
Day 3 - Kingston, NY
When the steamboat debuted in 1807, the Hudson River became a waterway of leisurely travel. Kingston preserves the heritage of the region at the Hudson River Maritime Museum. Kingston is also located in an area of the Hudson River often referred to as "Millionaires Row," replete with palatial estates and grand mansions built by wealthy New York businessmen as a summer retreat.
Narrated Kingston Exploration
Hudson River Maritime Museum - Complimentary Excursion
Vanderbilt Mansion
Val-Kill
Day 4 - Hyde Park, NY
Due to Hyde Park’s natural beauty and proximity to the city, families such as the Astors and Vanderbilts built weekend homes nearby. The area is most famously known as the birthplace of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and is the site of the Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum, as well as his home, Springwood Estate, which is designated as a National Historic Site.
Walkway Over the Hudson
FDR Home & Museum
Day 5 - Troy / Albany, NY
The city of Albany was discovered by Henry Hudson in 1609 on a failed attempt to find an expedited passage to China for the Dutch East India Company. Today, the capital city of New York welcomes visitors with majestic architecture and grand views of the beautiful Hudson River Valley. Be sure to explore the New York State Museum and the newly renovated State Capitol building, originally built in the late 1800s.
Historic Troy Walking Excursion
Troy Lock & Dam Cruise
Albany City Experience
Day 6 - Catskill, NY
The scenic beauty of the Catskills has long been an inspiration to artists, writers, and naturalists who draw inspiration from its tranquil forests and expansive mountain landscapes. Explore the Hudson River School Art Trail, which includes the Thomas Cole National Historic Site in Catskill village, and sites like Kaaterskill Falls and Sunset Rock, which inspired 19th-century landscape painters.
Hunter Mountain Scenic Skyride
Thomas Cole National Historic Site
Olana State Historic Site
Day 7 - Sleepy Hollow, NY
The riverside town of Sleepy Hollow is forever immortalized in the works of one of the country's first great writers, Washington Irving. The author found inspiration in the Hudson Valley, creating legendary stories like Rip Van Winkle. Today, Irving's country home, Sunnyside, is a National Historic Landmark and welcomes visitors with tales of the man himself.
Washington Irving's Sunnyside
Gothic Lyndhurst Mansion
Cap off your day in the Big Apple.
Day in New York
Join a local New Yorker for a food and crime tour of one of New York’s most famously nefarious neighborhoods - Little Italy and get a behind the scenes look at its dark underbelly. Begin with a brief ride up to Little Italy, followed by a walking and eating excursion, including at least four dedicated food stops to sample cannoli and true New York pizza, among other delicious dishes. Along the way, explore sites and figures related to La Cosa Nostra.
Enjoy a wonderful 3.5 hour narrated tour of the Big Apple. This is a fantastic way to experience the sights, sounds, and history of this extraordinary city. While on tour, a stop will be made at Ground Zero.
This is a Signature shore excursion and must be reserved in advance. Please call (800) 460-4518 for more information. Limited availability.
Take a tour of America’s most notable military academy, considered by George Washington to be the most important military position in America. Its establishment as the United States Military Academy occurred in 1802 when Thomas Jefferson signed legislation to that effect. This guided tour of the historic grounds of West Point includes Cadet Chapel, Trophy Point, and other stunning areas of campus. Along the way, enjoy breathtaking vistas and magnificent views of the Hudson Valley.
Due to security regulations, all passengers must present a Photo ID when boarding the bus at West Point.
Kingston was settled in 1652, and is the third oldest settlement in the Dutch Colony, after Manhattan and Albany, and was once the capital of New York. Enjoy a stop at the Old Dutch Church, founded in 1659. During the Revolutionary War, the church and its congregation were aligned with the patriot cause. As a result, in November of 1782, General George Washington visited the church. View a hand-written letter from Washington regarding his reception at the church, which is proudly on display in the narthex.
Founded in 1980, the Hudson River Maritime Museum focuses on preserving, researching, and collecting artifacts directly related to the Hudson River. Exhibits include historic vessels, art, and materials from the transportation industry. Explore this museum on your own and learn about the rich maritime heritage of the region.
Vanderbilt Mansion is one of the region’s oldest Hudson River estates and is a remarkable example of a gilded-age country place. The estate represents the political, economic, social, and cultural changes that occurred as America industrialized in the years after the Civil War. For nearly two centuries, this home has been the epicenter to the socially prominent and elite class of New Yorkers. Learn about the life of the privileged,from the Jazz Age through World War II.
Visit the notable Val-Kill, the only place Eleanor Roosevelt considered home. Once a furniture factory, it was here that she pursued her political and social interests, wrote her My Day column, and worked on the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. After President Roosevelt’s death in April 1945, Eleanor kept Val-Kill, purchasing the land from the Roosevelt estate and making Val-Kill Cottage her permanent home. She continued the tradition of casual entertaining, hosting world dignitaries such as Winston Churchill and Democratic Party politicians who came seeking her advice and support, including presidential candidate John F. Kennedy. She loved having large family gatherings at the cottage, including as many as possible of her 22 grandchildren and 13 great-grandchildren.
Enjoy breathtaking views while taking this narrated walk over the Hudson River, beginning at the dock and continuing to the covered bridge overlooking the river. Standing at 212 feet tall and approximately 1.5 miles long, this bridge was once the railroad path for trains and has since been transformed into the longest, elevated pedestrian bridge in the world.
Visit the Franklin D. Roosevelt National Historic Site, one of the great historic homes of America. Filled with memorabilia of the Roosevelt family, the neo-Georgian house, Springwood, was where the president was born in 1882. Enjoy a guided tour of the FDR home followed by a self-guided tour of the FDR Library and Museum.
In the mid-19th century, Troy was one of the wealthiest cities in the United States thanks to a booming textile industry. Enjoy a walking tour with a local historian as you view the Victorian architecture of the area and learn how such remarkable structures are preserved over time. Step back in time to the Age of Innocence, while discovering the history of the town.
Enjoy a day learning about the Troy lock and dam system. It was originally built to create a water route from New York City to the Atlantic Ocean and the Great Lakes, in order to increase trade and populate the region. Ground was broken on July 4 to begin construction of this canal, making 2017 the bicentennial of this historic event. While on tour, learn about locks, trade season, ecology, steamboats and much more.
Visit Albany and discover what has enticed visitors for over 400 years. Albany is one of the oldest surviving settlements from the original thirteen colonies and the longest continuously chartered city in the United States. Enjoy a narrated tour of the city, including a stop at the New York State Capitol Building and the New York State Museum, which houses an impressive collection of over 12 million specimens and artifacts.
This Scenic Skyride features the six-passenger Kaatskill Flyer, a state-of-the-art chair lift which will take you in comfort to the 3,200-foot summit of Hunter Mountain. From there, enjoy amazing views of the spectacular high peaks of the northern Catskills. On a clear day, you can also see the Berkshire Mountains of Massachusetts and the Green Mountains of Vermont in the distance.
A visit to the Thomas Cole National Historic Site provides entry into the world of the man who became the father of American landscape painting and founder of the Hudson River School of Art. Tour the 1815 Federal yellow-brick Main House and visit the historic rooms where the Cole family lived, including the West Parlor where Thomas Cole was married and the upstairs rooms where his children were born and where Cole died in 1848.
Enjoy a special visit to the magnificent Persian-style home of one of the most influential Hudson River School painters, Frederick Church. Church designed his home and the surrounding landscape to take full advantage of the magnificent views of the Catskill Mountains. Today, you can tour the house and take a stroll of the grounds, hailed by many as the queen of the Hudson Valley estates.
A visit to Sunnyside is an enchanted adventure in a romantic landscape. This much-loved riverside home has been charming visitors for generations. Hear about Washington Irving’s storied past and how he came to be America’s first internationally famous author, best remembered now for “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and other short stories.
Overlooking the Hudson River in Tarrytown, NY is Lyndhurst, one of America’s finest Gothic-Revival mansions. Join us on a guided tour of this remarkable example of the Hudson River’s grand and historic estates and enjoy the spectacular scenic beauty.
Once you have docked in Manhattan, experience all that this vibrant city has to offer. Enjoy a performance at the Metropolitan Opera House, view exhibits at the Museum of Modern Art, or simply explore New York City, freestyle.
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It’s widely known that Electric Vehicles (EV) are transforming the automotive industry worldwide. With 25+ new electric vehicle models being released in 2020, new EV unit sales will push past 350,000 in the United States alone. Using a DC Fast charger to car ratio of 50/1, that would require well over 7,000 new EV charging stalls to be constructed in 2020 just to keep up with current demand. Based upon the published build schedule of the major EV Charging players, by the end of the year we will be thousands of charging stations behind, and that gap will continue to grow each year. This will likely stifle EV Cars sales.
It is ridiculous to think that 19th century construction methods and techniques would be used to build-out a charging network for 21st century electric vehicles. The current model for managing construction of EV charging stations is quite antiquated. EV construction projects across the United States typically take 7 to 9 months from concept to completion, with some projects requiring more than 24 months to complete.
From start to finish, GreenCore’s development model is markedly different. GreenCore’s proprietary “universal” infrastructure system and methods reduces the overall project timeline by 50% and onsite construction time can be reduced by over 70%. This would allow one 4-man construction crew to build 4 sites in 2 months rather than the current average of 1 site every two months. Greencore is and will continue to revolutionize this space the same way the “Smartphone” impacted the cell phone industry.
Since 2015, our team has constructed hundreds of EV stalls across the United States, including the two largest, most complicated EV stations in North America. These two stations are located in California and consisted of 40 DC Fast chargers, large solar canopies and extensive energy storage systems. Additionally, our team completed our portion of the Kettleman City, California site in just over 60 days, including tying into two electrical utilities. The site built in Truth or Consequences, New Mexico was completed in only 9 days, including utility activation.
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In every industry an “agent of change” always emerges, if not, that industry dies. This “agent” brings with them major changes in both technology and thinking. They fundamentally change the industry. In the Electric Vehicle Charging industry GreenCore is that agent! With our development process and proprietary “universal” infrastructure system, we are already revolutionizing the industry.
The Tesla and EVgo logos and charging stations are the copyright of those respective companies. Their use on this website is not intended to indicate a partnership, rather their use is editorial and intended to indicate the universality of GreenCore infrastructure technology.
All About the Grid
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A Timeline for EVs
For the last few years Electric Vehicles (EVs) are slowly becoming more mainstream. With tax incentives and environmental benefits, people all over the world are jumping at the opportunity to switch to electric. The big question is how long will...
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Apple’s upcoming update has added a routing feature to Maps that enables EV driver to find charging stations effortlessly. In the WWDC 2020 virtual event, Apple announced that the iOS 14 update will come with some very exciting software updates for...
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Vote Green | Votez Vert
Parti vert NB Green Party
YOUR GREENS
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IN DAVID’S WORDS
GREEN ACCOMPLISHMENTS
OUR VOTING RECORD
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Fredericton South
In the Legislative Assembly, Mr. Coon has championed improved access to mental and physical health care, alleviating poverty, the provision of midwifery services, climate action, and forest management that is socially and ecologically sound.
David Coon was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick to represent the people of Fredericton South on September 22, 2014. He became the first elected Green MLA in New Brunswick history, and the third Green parliamentarian elected in Canada. Mr. Coon has served as the Leader of the Green Party of New Brunswick since winning the leadership of his party in 2012. He was re-elected on September 23, 2018.
In his first term, Mr. Coon was successful in securing all party support for adding a code of conduct and a statement on the roles and responsibilities for MLAs to the Standing Rules of the Legislative Assembly. He also had a bill passed to ensure students in the public school system learn about historical and contemporary relationships with First Nations; implementing one of the Calls to Action of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.
He had introduced private member’s bills aimed at strengthening legal protections for tenants, increasing the fairness of the property tax system, increasing local food security and expanding local agriculture, creating jobs in energy efficient building renovations and renewable energy production, lowering the voting age, and protecting citizens against frivolous lawsuits.
So far in his second term, he has tabled a bill to amend the Electricity Act to empower local municipal governments and First Nations to pursue renewable energy projects to help meet their energy needs, which went to the second reading. The Greens tabled an amendment to ban glyphosate in NB, but it was defeated by the Liberals and the Conservatives.
After earning a science degree at McGill University in 1978, Mr. Coon began a 32 year career as an environmental educator, organizer and advocate – much of it at the Conservation Council of New Brunswick.
His work to protect drinking water led to the creation of New Brunswick’s Clean Water Act. This earned the Conservation Council the United Nations Environmental Programme’s Global 500 Award. His work in advancing public policy on climate change, provincially and nationally, earned him a silver medallion at the Canadian Environmental Achievement Awards.
Mr. Coon has been a determined advocate for community-based ecological resource management and land use. He worked with commercial fishermen’s organizations to establish the Bay of Fundy Fisheries Council to advance community-based fishery management. His collaboration with the National Farmers Union helped create the first agricultural conservation club in New Brunswick.
He was a founding director of Canada’s first community-supported agricultural initiative, Harvest Share Co-operative on Keswick Ridge, co-founded the New Brunswick Community Land Trust.
In his riding of Fredericton South, Mr. Coon has established permanent round tables for youth and seniors to ensure he can represent their concerns in the Legislative Assembly. He continues to work with community members and organizations to help shape a sustainable, prosperous, and vibrant community in Fredericton.
Mr. Coon and his wife, Janice Harvey, live in Skyline Acres and have two daughters.
Learn more and get involved: www.davidcoon.ca
Visit: 514 Queen St, Fredericton
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LaRouchePAC.com
Stock Market Bubble Is Not a Sign of a Healthy Economy
By Harley Schlanger · July 01, 2020
Have you been wondering why, with the abundance of bad economic news in recent months, the stock market in the U.S. has been going up sharply? With a forecast by IMF economists of an 8% drop in GDP in the U.S., more than 30 million layoffs, a plunge in consumer spending predicted, a surge of defaults, bankruptcies, foreclosures, evictions and repossession coming as the forbearance program of the CARES relief act ends soon, and a dramatic increase in the number of COVID19 cases, why is the stock market moving back to the levels reached prior to the lockdown in mid-March? And is the stock market surge a sign of overall economic health, the leading edge of a "V-shaped recovery", as proclaimed by bankers, traders and market analysts, and echoed by officials of the Trump administration and neoliberals in the Republican Party?
The late American economist Lyndon LaRouche often stated that, just as money is not a measure of real value in an economy, neither is an appreciation of stock valuations a sign of a healthy economy. The euphoria over daily or even hourly stock market jumps is rather a sign of delusion, or just plain idiocy, which unfortunately characterizes most economic and financial commentary. A review of the bubbles in stock and bond valuations since 1987, which inflated and then popped, when contrasted to the ongoing decline of physical goods production, especially in machine tools and heavy industry, demonstrates that the rise of stock values has been driven by something other than real economic growth. This unhealthy dynamic was examined most effectively by LaRouche in his development of his Triple Curve Function, which he introduced in 1995. (1.)
This dynamic has been especially pronounced since the 2008 crash. The steady climb of stock prices following that crash, came largely as a result of increasingly cheap credit from the Federal Reserve, beginning with the post-crash bailouts, including various forms of Quantitative Easing. But even with the unprecedented injections of liquidity from the Fed into the hands of the largest banks, hedge funds, and "shadow banking" operations, the bubble ran out of steam on August 14, 2019, according to a study by Pam and Russ Martens in Wall Street on Parade. They point to a run on bank stocks on that day, with JP Morgan Chase falling by 4.15% and Citigroup by 5.27%, as when the present financial crisis began.
This collapse moved into a new, more desperate phase on September 17, when the Fed was forced to take over the lending on the overnight "Repo markets" from several banks, including JP Morgan Chase. Repos provide 24-hour loans, to insure that liquidity is available to prevent a possible chain-reaction of defaults, to cover debts on all sorts of instruments which are coming due, and for which the firms owing the debt must access short-term liquidity, as they lack the means to even pay the interest. From that day until the first announcements from China of the spread of the Coronavirus in early January, the Fed made over $6 trillion in revolving emergency loans through the Repo markets. This enabled traders to continue buying and selling all forms of financial instruments at face value or higher, even though there was little or nothing of tangible value underlying those instruments.
While few in the general public were aware of this flood of liquidity coming from the Fed, to bail out insolvent banks and the zombie corporations and firms they were aiding, it was the source of the Wall Street "happy talk", that all is well with the banking industry. It was repeated ad nauseum, as though repetition made it true. As Congress was passing the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act—the CARES Act—nearly unanimously, backed by the leadership of both parties, with provisions extending the funds for an unprecedentedly huge, continuing bailout—Trump economic adviser Larry Kudlow stuck to this narrative, stating at a March 24 press conference, "We started the year very strong and then we got hit by the coronavirus."
In reality, the Coronavirus pandemic provided an excuse to move into a new mega-bailout to protect "Systemically Important Financial Institutions", which were in dire need of liquidity—that is, the "everything bubble" was popping, and the fear was that a domino-style collapse, including of major money-center banks, was almost certainly looming unless a big bailout was forthcoming. Unlike in 2008, when many people took to the streets to protest the initial bailout bill—which was defeated at first in the House—the pandemic lockdown beginning in March 2020 definitely contributed to a muted response against the speculative swindle embedded in the CARES Act. (2.)
THE CARES ACT MEGA-BAILOUT SWINDLE
The CARES Act was sold as a means to cushion the blow from the lock-down, which was implemented to address the coronavirus pandemic. It included a one-time cash payment to Americans making less than $75,000 per year, a supplement to unemployment payments, funds to keep small businesses alive, and a promise to provide funds to cover emergency costs to combat the pandemic, at the city, county and state level. This part of the CARES Act was dubbed a "Main Street" relief Act. Of the original $4+ trillion in the package, more than $3 trillion was to be allocated for this purpose. It is still not clear how much of this has actually been allocated, especially the funds which were mandated to be channeled through banks to small businesses and enterprises.
The CARES Act additionally provided a slush fund of $454 billion, through the Treasury, with funds provided by the Fed, which could be leveraged ten times. That means over $4.5 trillion can be provided by the Fed, to bail out bad loans at the biggest Wall Street banks, trading houses, hedge funds, in the commercial paper market, money market funds, corporate bonds, even allowing the purchase of junk bonds. The world's largest asset manager, BlackRock, was chosen to dispense the Fed funds through eleven "special purpose vehicles", a tactic which enables the Fed to circumvent rules against its purchase of riskier assets, which are now flowing into the Fed's vaults.
BlackRock is at the center of the move for a "regime change" in financing, which it unveiled at last year's annual Fed conference at Jackson Hole, Wyoming in August. This involved establishing a "Standing Emergency Fiscal Facility", run by an "independent expert" appointed by the Fed, to unify monetary policy and fiscal policy, i.e., to remove the budgetary process from elected representatives, and place it instead in the hands of financial managers! This was essentially done in the CARES Act, which made BlackRock the administrator of the $4.5 trillion in bailout funds. Not surprisingly, among the first recipients of these funds were BlackRock's own investment companies. As economist Ellen Brown describes this in her article "Meet BlackRock, the New Great Vampire Squid," the world's largest and most influential asset manager, is now "in the driver's seat in controlling the economy," using funds from the Fed to determine winners and losers.
Even though much of the $4.5 trillion plus has not yet been dispersed, the commitment to bailout speculators has led to a surge on Wall Street. After having fallen from a peak of almost 30,000, to 20,188 by March 16, the Dow Jones average has gone up to 25,755 as of June 25, leading many analysts to proclaim that this is the beginning of the hoped-for V-shaped recovery.
Not so fast, said Fed chair Jerome Powell, in a statement last week, we are not there yet! He announced that since there remains "significant uncertainty" about a bounce back, the Fed decided to keep interest rates at their present low rate through 2022. By uncertainty, can one assume that Powell realizes that feeding a stock bubble through cheap interest rates will not help the vast majority of Americans who are living, at best, from paycheck to paycheck, and who have no resources to purchase stock. The richest 10% of Americans own 85% of stocks, while the richest 1% to 2% are the ones who can access the liquidity, enabling them to become even more prosperous, as they will be handed free money to buy the depressed assets available, anticipating that the flood of liquidity will cause their values to rise.
A SOLUTION TO THE ESCALATING COLLAPSE
A survey published by the credit bureau TransUnion showed that there will soon be a "tidal wave of defaults and evictions" when forbearance provisions of the CARES Act expire in the next months. Under CARES, people are allowed to skip payments, or make partial payments on outstanding costs and debt. This affects 3 million auto loans, 15 million credit card accounts, and 4.75 million homeowners (9% of all mortgages). Just as corporate debt has risen to completely unsustainable levels—even with the bailout funds allocated thus far—all forms of personal debt have soared, with little means to extinguish it, or even catch up. When the forbearance provisions end, debtors will be expected to pay the full amount, and make up for what was not paid, leading to new levels of defaults.
The problem should be obvious. The real cause of the present economic crisis in western nations has been the combined effect of deindustrialization, driven by "free trade" agreements, and anti-growth green policies, which have led to a shift away from goods production, into employment in the "service" and "consumer" sectors—with lower wages and less benefits. Federal Reserve policies which provide quick, cheap cash to speculators to purchase stock and bonds, knowing they can always sell these instruments to the Fed, may keep the banks and other financial institutions in business for the time being, but will not rebuild the real physical economy, which is necessary to enable people to escape an economy driven by low wages, high unemployment, and with those still employed often trapped in dead-end, non-productive jobs. With all the freshly created liquidity flowing to the speculators, there is virtually no credit which can be made available to producers.
What is needed, instead, is a recovery program, which transforms what LaRouche called the "physical economy", that is, those activities engaged in physical goods production, and in producing new technologies based on scientific research and development, which promote increases in productivity. LaRouchePAC has published a new report, "The LaRouche Plan to Reopen the U.S. Economy: The World Needs 1.5 Billion New Productive Jobs," which, if implemented, would generate a transformation of the real economy. As the neoliberal economic paradigm has failed, it is necessary to break with the axioms underlying that failed system, which has been devolving for five decades, and is largely responsible for the insurgency against the establishment which is growing worldwide.
No amount of happy talk, statistical manipulation, or wishful thinking will make the BlackRock plan an engine for anything but the creation of more debt, a short-term reprieve for speculators, further deterioration of the physical economy, and lead to a likely hyperinflationary collapse. This is not inevitable, but immediate action, as specified in the "LaRouche Plan" is required, to take economic policy away from the speculators and their neoliberal apologists. This is in keeping with the best periods of economic growth in U.S. history, as the Constitution was written by those who placed the "general welfare" ahead of private gain.
1.) While one can find many articles by LaRouche, and about his Triple Curve Function, at larouchepub.com, a good place to start is this article: https://larouchepub.com/eiw/public/1999/eirv26n30-19990730/eirv26n30-19990730_023-larouches_triple_curve_collapse.pdf.
2.) I wrote several articles about the present collapse occurring before the Coronavirus lockdown; see for example: https://harley.larouchepac.com/don_t_blame_the_corona_virus_for_the_crash_of_the_system, written on March 2, 2020.
Harley Schlanger published this page in Articles & Interviews 2020-07-01 20:52:11 -0400
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Cross Country Development
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Women's Cross Country / September 27, 2004
Hawkeyes To Run At Murray Keatinge Invitational
IOWA CITY, IA –
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THIS WEEK – The University of Iowa men’s and women’s cross country teams travel to Orono, ME Saturday to compete in the Murray Keatinge Invitational. The men will begin their five mile race at 10 a.m. (ct) and the women will run 5,000 meters at 11 a.m.
LAST WEEK – The Iowa men finished eighth (out of 25) at the Roy Griak Invitational in Minneapolis, MN. Senior Matt Esche led the Hawkeyes finishing 23rd in 24:57. Freshman Eric MacTagarrt ran 25:14 to place 36th and Dan Haut was close behind with a time of 25:20. Both sophomore Micha VanDenend and junior Adam Roche were close behind. Wisconsin won the team title with 21 points.
HAWKEYE COACH Larry Wieczorek – Larry Wieczorek is in his 18th season as Iowa men’s cross country coach. In the past six years, Iowa has placed no lower than sixth at the NCAA Regional, including a first place finish at the 2002 NCAA Regional, the highest finish in school history. Wieczorek was a two-time Big Ten champion and a member of Iowa’s last Big Ten track championship team in 1967. Wieczorek still owns Iowa records in the outdoor 5,000-meters and the indoor two mile.
HAWKEYE COACH Layne Anderson – Layne Anderson enters his second season as Iowa women’s cross country coach and assistant women’s track coach. In his first season at Iowa, Anderson guided the cross country team to a ninth-place finish at the NCAA Midwest Regional. Anderson served as the head men’s and women’s cross country coach and assistant track coach at Auburn University prior to joining the Iowa staff. During his tenure at Auburn, he coached seven all-Americans, two SEC champions and 58 academic all-SEC performers.
QUOTING WIECZOREK – “I was satisfied with our performance last week. We beat some major programs but we’ve got an awful lot of room for improvement. Matt Eshce continues to be our leader and that’s something I expected from him as a senior. The younger runners look up to him and his performance as a standard they try to duplicate. This week’s meet will present an opportunity to compete against some east coast teams and improve from last weekend. The race is dedicated to deceased Iowa alum Murray Keatinge. It will be nice to come out with a great performance and represent Iowa.”
QUOTING COACH ANDERSON – “This is a very good meet for our team to compete in. We’ve had three weeks off from competition which has allowed us an opportunity to train more. The girls are all healthy, and we are ready to run well. Our primary goal is to do better than we did three weeks ago. We will be running against some nationally ranked teams such as Purdue. Beating Purdue would give us a lot of momentum going into the Big Ten Championship and give the girls some confidence. They have already beaten Northwestern. Beating another Big Ten team would be great. This meet will reflect the improvements we have made in our time off. Our emphasis is still the end of the year.”
86 Hawkeyes Named Fall Academic All-Big Ten
Field Hockey / December 10, 2020 86 Hawkeyes Named Fall Academic All-Big Ten
24 Hawkeyes to Watch: Leah Kralovetz
Cross Country / September 14, 2020 24 Hawkeyes to Watch: Leah Kralovetz
Coach Woody Talks Talent Regarding Incoming Recruits
Women's Cross Country / August 10, 2020 Coach Woody Talks Talent Regarding Incoming Recruits
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Massachusetts Woman Assaults 73-Year-Old Trump Supporter: Cops
By Jordan Houston
Updated Oct 19, 2020 at 1:01pm
Douglas Police Department Kiara Dudley.
Kiara Dudley is a Massachusetts woman who is accused of knocking down a 73-year-old supporter of President Donald Trump.
The Douglas woman was arrested on Saturday, October 17, after police claim she knocked down an elderly man who was holding a pro-Trump sign, according to the Douglas Police Department. Dudley, 34, has been charged with assault and battery on an elderly person causing injury.
“Upon arrival Officers learned that a couple from Douglas were located at the intersection promoting Donald Trump with their flags and signs,” DPD said on Facebook. “Approximately 30 minutes after they arrived, they were approached by a party opposing their support that began to berate them with insults and demanded that they leave.
“As the couple tried to move away, the party continued to follow them and bumped the gentlemen with her body,” the department continued.
Dudley was released on a $250 cash bail and will be arraigned in Uxbridge District Court on Monday, October 19, Douglas police continued.
Heavy has reached out to Dudley and is awaiting a response.
Here’s what you need to know about Kiara Dudley:
1. In Her Booking Photo, Dudley Wears a Sticker in Support of Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders
In her booking photo, provided by the Douglas Police Department on Facebook, Dudley is seen sporting a sticker in support of Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders.
On Facebook, Dudley has also liked the groups “Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Progressives” and “Democratic Socialism Now,” according to her social media page.
The first group dedicated to Ocasio-Cortez claims to be a space for her supporters and is not affiliated with the representative.
The latter was “founded by veterans of Occupy Wall Street and Bernie Sanders 2016 seeking to strengthen the left in the United States,” its page says.
2. The Assault Victim Is a Vietnam Veteran, Police Say
GettyMembers of the First Cavalry Honor Guards pay their respects at the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Wall on Veterans Day November 11, 2016 in Washington, DC.
According to the Douglas Police Department, the elderly man who police say Dudley assaulted is a Vietnam veteran.
“At one point the party stepped on the victims Veterans for Trump sign and as he bent over to pick it up the party knocked him to the ground causing an injury to his finger,” the department detailed on Facebook.
“The victim in this case is a 73-year-old Vietnam Veteran,” police continued.
3. Dudley Lives in Douglas With Her Wife, According to Social Media
FacebookKiara Dudley and her wife.
Dudley resides in Douglas with her wife, according to their social media pages. The two married in September 2015, her wife’s Facebook page indicates.
However, Dudley’s restricted Facebook page lists Rhode Island as the only visible place of residence on her account. Her maiden name is Kiara Ciccarelli, according to her Facebook page.
4. Dudley’s Facebook Page Promotes the Black Lives Matter Movement
Screenshot/Kiara Dudley Facebook
Despite Dudley’s private Facebook account, with her profile photo showing only a black circle, a cover photo is still featured.
The 34-year-old’s header displays a black-and-white slogan for “Black Lives Matter.” Dudley commented below the caption, writing:
“I support wherever and however people demonstrate for black and brown lives. No safe space for bigots.”
5. News of Dudley’s Arrest Inspired Outrage Online
The Douglas Police Department’s announcement of Dudley’s arrest over the weekend inspired a wave of criticism online.
Many took to the post, which has since amassed over 1,100 shares, to condemn the woman’s actions.
Screenshot/Douglas Police Department Facebook
“Absolutely horrific! It is disturbing that a 34 year adult would think that this type of behavior is acceptable,” one user wrote. “Great work DPD in making sure justice will be served.”
Another expressed that everyone should have the right to support their president, writing:
“Regardless of her political stance this man earned his right to support his president. She should be ashamed of her behavior. It’s free to myob.”
READ NEXT: Bevan Cooney: Hunter Biden’s Ex-Business Partner Went to Prison for Fraud
5 Fast Facts, Donald Trump, Massachusetts
Kiara Dudley is a Massachusetts woman accused of knocking down a 73-year-old supporter of President Donald Trump.
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Home / Resources / News / Latest News / ILGA-Europe welcomes European Parliament’s debate on homophobia in Europe
This afternoon the European Parliament will debate a resolution on homophobia in Europe, which was agreed by all major political groups at the Parliament.
Posted: 16 January 2006
The resolution strongly condemns homophobia and discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation in EU member states and calls on the European institutions and EU member states and the candidate countries to urgently eliminate continuing trends of discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation and to promote and protect the human rights of all persons regardless of their sexual orientation.
ILGA-Europe whole-heartedly welcomes such an important and needed resolution. While some EU member state have achieved a lot in ensuring sexual orientation discrimination is eliminated and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people enjoy the same dignity and rights as the rest of society, other EU member states still practice and even promote discrimination and intolerance against LGBT people. In addition, continuing high levels of homophobic comments and attitudes in many member states is totally unacceptable.
Last year the European Union witnessed the most appalling manifestations of homophobia and discrimination against LGBT people. For example, peaceful LGBT marches promoting equality and tolerance were banned or hindered by authorities in Poland, Latvia and Romania. Appallingly extreme and hateful statements humiliating, ridiculing and discriminating against LGBT people came out from some senior politicians and religious leaders in Poland and Latvia. Poland closed the nation’s equality body, which dealt with various forms of discrimination including on the grounds of sexual orientation. Latvia remains the only EU member state, which despite the requirement of the EU Employment Equality Directive did not explicitly ban sexual orientation discrimination in employment and has now amended its constitution to ban same-sex marriage. A similar proposal is being debated in Lithuania.
Patricia Prendiville, Executive Director of ILGA-Europe, said:
“This is a very important and timely resolution. Despite the growing efforts of the European Union to eradicate all forms of discrimination including on the grounds of sexual orientation, full equality and enjoyment of equal rights for LGBT Europeans still remains a vision rather than a reality.
We welcome and support all the efforts of the European Union to ensure all Europeans, including LGBT people, enjoy freedom, dignity and equal rights. However there is still a lot of work to be done to make equality for LGBT people a reality across the European Union. The issue of sexual orientation equality is still regarded as controversial in some EU member states. Often this issue is not being considered as equally important or serious as other areas of discrimination, even at the EU level.
We call on the European Union to ensure that EU member states strictly follow and implement the EU’s principles and agreements on anti-discrimination and equality without any reservations or concessions. At the same time we call on the European institutions to ensure that the issue of sexual orientation equality is considered and regarded as equally important as the issues of racism, sexism, ageism and discrimination on the grounds of disability.
Juris Lavrikovs at + 32 2 609 54 16 / + 32 496 708 375
Notes for editors:
(1) ILGA-Europe is the European region of the International Lesbian and Gay Association (ILGA) and works towards equality and human rights for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people in Europe.
(2) The debate at the European Parliament will start at 17:00 CET and can be viewed live at the Parliament website: www.europarl.eu.int/eplive/expert/default_en.htm
(3) Text of the draft resolution is available on the Parliament website: http://www.europarl.eu.int/omk/sipade3?PUBREF=-//EP//TEXT+MOTION2006-0043+0+DOC+XML+V0//EN&L=EN&LEVEL=0&NAV=S&LSTDOC=Y
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What happens to the Commonwealth when the Queen dies?
Although the Queen has been head of the Commonwealth since her father George VI’s death in 1952, it is by […]
By Sue Onslow
Queen Elizabeth II: “the invisible glue for the modern Commonwealth.” (Getty)
Although the Queen has been head of the Commonwealth since her father George VI’s death in 1952, it is by no means automatic that the current Prince of Wales will succeed her when he finally becomes Monarch.
The position of the headship itself has evolved from an acceptance of the King, as symbol of the free association of the (eight) independent member nations which comprised the modern Commonwealth in 1949, into a ceremonial role – largely thanks to the input and energy of Queen Elizabeth herself.
i's opinion newsletter: talking points from today
The modern Commonwealth has known its fair share of crises, requiring reinvention at critical points, and struggling to find a distinctive role as a diverse multilateral association in the 21st century
The Queen has made the Commonwealth an integral part of her life’s work: it’s fair to say that the roles of both the British Monarch as head and the Commonwealth itself have evolved together, in a remarkable symbiotic relationship.
Cynics might argue the modern Commonwealth has given the British monarch something to do in the absence of political or governmental duties, given the institution of the monarchy global relevance and, indeed, even saved the Queen’s sanity by enabling her to step outside the monarchy’s constitutional constraints.
The current Queen has certainly provided the invisible glue for the modern Commonwealth, which has known its fair share of crises and required reinvention at critical points, and which has struggled to find a distinctive role as a diverse multilateral association in the 21st century.
Past attempts to settle the question
The issue of the future headship has been discussed in Commonwealth circles since at least the 1990s.
The then Secretary General Chief Emeka Anyaoku hoped to settle the issue, with Commonwealth consensus around a particular form of words for new members in 1997 – that applicants should be obliged to acknowledge ‘the role of the British Monarch as a symbol of the free association and as such Head of the Commonwealth’.
Although the Edinburgh summit didn’t formally discuss the issue, the implied significance was considerable, backed by the innovation of the Queen’s role in formally opening heads of government meetings.
There have been discreet moves to ensure the issue was settled in 2013, seen in Prime Minister Julia Gillard’s statement in the Australian Parliament, followed by identical statements in the Canadian and New Zealand parliaments.
There is the argument that it would be anomalous for the number of republics, and amount of republican sentiment, among the 53-member association, to be led by a representative of a 1000-year old institution defined by hereditary accession by divine right
It is an open secret that both the Queen, and the Prince of Wales himself, very much hope that he will succeed his mother in this ceremonial role, and it is more than likely that the sensitive issue will be discussed by Commonwealth heads in the margins of the London summit in mid-April.
Contrary to the initial sensational reports of last week, the issue was not on the agenda of the High Level Review Group and its executive committee.
The Prince of Wales has already deputised for his mother at Commonwealth receptions and events, formally opening the Commonwealth Games and standing as her representative at the contentious 2013 heads’ meeting in Sri Lanka.
What other alternatives are there to Prince Charles as future head?
Some have argued the modern Commonwealth doesn’t need a non-political, ceremonial head – that at 69 years old it is a mature multilateral association and since 1965, it has the elected office of a Secretary General who may serve two four-year terms.
There is also the argument that it would be anomalous for the number of republics, and amount of republican sentiment, among the 53-member association, to be led by a representative of a 1000-year old institution defined by hereditary accession by divine right.
It is more than likely that the issue will be settled in mid-April, along the lines of Commonwealth pragmatism and the very real and deep-seated respect, appreciation and affection for the Queen herself
Other floated suggestions of alternative heads have included appointment of a global moral authority figure such as the Ghanaian former UN Secretary General, Kofi Annan (the Guardian leader’s suggestion of Barack Obama sounded like an early April fool).
Then there’s the idea of an elected non-political future head – but this could be enormously divisive, given that elections will necessitate factions.
Or there could be a rotation around the Commonwealth’s regions – but in what order? For how long? Again, the dangers of politicisation have weighed heavily in the balance.
There was even the suggestion that the headship could skip a generation, passing to the Duke of Cambridge, and that he and his young family could move to a Commonwealth country, to underline the enduring bonds between the UK and its links within the post-colonial association. That idea didn’t gain any traction.
It is more than likely that the issue will be settled in mid-April, along the lines of Commonwealth pragmatism – ‘if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it’ – and the very real and deep-seated respect, appreciation and affection for the Queen herself.
Whether this proves to be a one-off in conferring the future headship on the next British monarch, or moves to a hereditary position, remains to be seen.
Dr Sue Onslow is Deputy Director of the Institute of Commonwealth Studies at the School of Advanced Study.
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Jeremy Irons to be at Times Talks Madrid
Jeremy Irons at Talks Times Madrid will be Friday, September 21, at 21:00.
The Academy Award-winning actor talks with New York Times London-based reporter Matt Wolf about his career and current projects, including the new film The Words, the TV series “The Borgias,” and the new environmental documentary he appears in and produced, Trashed. Watch the conversation Live on September 21st 3 – 4 pm EDT/21:00 – 22:00 CEST
Madrid hosts on 21, 22 and 23 September at the Teatro Fernan Gomez , a series of interviews conducted journalists from The New York Times featuring the personalities of international culture.
Along with Jeremy Irons, other big names such as Juan Antonio Bayona, Tori Amos, Tom Hiddleston, Alison Klayman, Ben Zeitlin and Julie Taymor will be the subjects of these conversations that come to Madrid for the first time.
David Carr, Raphael Minder, Jon Pareles and Matt Wolf will be the journalists responsible for interviewing these provocative and surprising guests.
These talks will be broadcast via streaming through the website of The New York Times .
Audiences can attend the talks live in Guirau Chamber of Fernan Gomez. Tickets are free but must be ordered through the website of the theater.
Categories: Latest News and Posts . Tags: Alison Klayman, Ben Zeitlin, David Carr, Guirau Chamber of Fernan Gomez, Jeremy Irons, Jon Pareles, Juan Antonio Bayona, Julie Taymor, Madrid, Matt Wolf, New York Times, Raphael Minder, Times Talks, Tom Hiddleston, Tori Amos . Author: jeremyironsno1fan . Comments: Leave a comment
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Brava! for Women in the Arts
Brava! for Women in the Arts produces, presents, and cultivates the artistic expression of women, people of color, youth, LGBTQ, and other under-represented voices at its historic facility in the Mission District. The growing rentals program, making the facility accessible to its key constituents, in addition to its eight-project season reaches over 25,000 audience members annually and provides arts education and job training programs for youth. Renewed support would bolster the organization’s ability to continue building its staff capacity and raising funds to complete the renovation of its home, the Brava Theater Center.
www.brava.org
2781 Twenty-fourth Street
San Francisco, CA 94110-4235
for the 2020 50 Arts Commissions for dance and movement-based performance
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Lockdown Ended In Wuhan China After 76 days
US media has claimed that the 76 days lockdown ended in Wuhan the city of China after the controlling the spread of the Coronavirus. Wuhan is considered as the epicenter of the deadly coronavirus named as COVID-19. The virus has spread to more than 180 countries now.
According to a foreign news agency report, the deadly COVID-19 virus that has been pawing on China’s industrial city of Wuhan since December 2019 has engulfed the entire world today.
The Coronavirus outbreak first made the city of Wuhan a victim, where the virus was spreading rapidly, and thousands were being affected and killed on a daily basis.
Given the seriousness of the situation by the Chinese government, it was Wuhan’s lockdown decision, after which Wuhan’s air and land route was cut off from all over the world, including China.
China shut down Wuhan, a city in the province of Hubei, on January 23, which was abolished 76 days later, as the virus is now fully in control in Wuhan. Now, the breaking news is that lockdown ended in Wuhan.
Wuhan was the first city where the first case of the deadly Coronavirus was reported. Coronavirus has now infected more than 14 million people worldwide.
Sheikh Rasheed talks about conflict between Imran Khan and Jahangir Tareen
Security forces killed 7 terrorists during South Waziristan operation
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