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__label__wiki	0.889109	0.889109	From left to right: Mr. Yousef Al Alami, H.E. Hamad Abdullah Al Shamsi, H.E. Ali Saeed Bin Harmal Al Dhaheri, H.E. Khadaim Abdulla Aldarei, Dr. Shamsheer Vayalil, Mr. Mohammed Qusai Al Ghussein and Mr. Abdallah Malek Osseiran H.E. Ali Saeed Bin Harmal Al Dhaheri An accomplished entrepreneur specializing in the education sector, Mr. Al Dhaheri holds a number of key positions including Chairman of Abu Dhabi University, CEO of Abu Dhabi University Holding Company, Chairman of Liwa International School, Chairman of Magna Education Investment and Chairman of Watania Insurance. H.E. Hamad Abdullah Al Shamsi Mr. Al Shamsi is the Chairman of the Board for Amanat and has extensive experience in private investment. He is also a member of the Board of Directors for Abu Dhabi Council for Economic Development, a Director of Abu Dhabi Airports Company and Etihad Airways P.J.S.C. H.E. Khadaim Abdulla Al Darei During his extensive career in both the public and private sector, Mr. Al Darei held senior positions in the UAE’s diplomatic core and managed the public and private offices of senior members of the UAE Government and Royal Family. He is currently Managing Director of Al Ain Holding and the Vice Chairman of Al Dahra Holding. Dr. Shamsheer Vayalil Dr. Vayalil is a doctor, entrepreneur and philanthropist. He is the founder and Managing Director of VPS Healthcare. He is the proud recipient of the 2015 GPF Global Humanitarian award, which he received during a special reception held at the United Nations headquarters. He also serves as Vice Chairman of the Board, Managing Director and CEO of Amanat. Mr. Mohammed Qusai Al Ghussein Coming from an entrepreneurial family, Mr. Al Ghussein has been involved in a number of business ventures as part of the family business and then with Atlas Financial Services. He now serves on a number of boards including Bin Harmal Group and Abu Dhabi University. Mr. Yousef Al Alami Mr. Al Alami has considerable experience in private placements and public offerings in the Middle East, Europe, Asia and USA. He has held a number of senior positions in large financial institutions in the UAE and worldwide including Abu Dhabi Investment Company and The National Investor in UAE, KFTCIC in Kuwait and First Boston in New York, London and Athens. Mr. Abdallah Malek Osseiran Mr. Osseiran has over 30 years of experience of corporate banking, investments & asset management across various sectors, including Education, Hospitality, Financial Services, Real estate and Private Equity. He is currently the Managing Director of Magna Investments and serves other boards. Ms. Kristina E. Turner Ms. Turner has extensive experience in governance and the management of board level meetings. She currently serves as Secretary to the Board of Directors of Abu Dhabi University. © 2018 ADUHC. All rights reserved.	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line5
__label__cc	0.624636	0.375364	Indianapolis City-County Council Candidate Reports $3,000 In Campaign Contributions From Church Groups Churches and religious organizations are generally prohibited from engaging in political activity in order to maintain their 501(c)(3) tax exempt status. Advance Indiana was surprised to see $3,000 in campaign contributions listed on campaign finance reports filed by Councilor Stephen J. Clay, the slated Democratic candidate seeking election in District 13. Clay was selected by Democratic precinct committee persons last November to fill the unexpired term of Steve Tally following his election as Lawrence Township Trustee. He is running unopposed in the May 5 primary election. According to Clay's campaign finance report, his campaign committee, "Friends of Stephen J. Clay," reported receiving on April 8 a $500 contribution from Shalom Church, a large black interdenominational church in Florissant, Missouri, a St. Louis suburb abutting Ferguson. Today, his campaign committee filed a supplemental large campaign report showing two contributions from the Baptist Ministers Alliance on April 14, one for $1,500 and one for $1,000. Clay, who is the senior pastor of Messiah Missionary Baptist Church, formerly served as the president of the Baptist Ministers Alliance of Indianapolis and Vicinity. According to records on file with the Secretary of State's office, Clay incorporated the nonprofit organization on March 23, 2010. Former City-County Councilor Lonell Conley is listed as the nonprofit's registered agent. What's it going to take to get any info available from Child Protective Services on Clay? Can churches donate to political candidates? I know nothing about the CPS issue. That was something Abdul was putting out there. I don't know about Abdul but I can introduce you to a few CPS sources. Stephen Clay is only concerned about Louis Farrakhan, Al Sharpton, and becoming the Indy Jesse Jackson. He has issues. What about his 'affinity' with boys? What about his power struggle with 'whitey?' It is time to report to the IRS all of his Political Contributors who are tax-exempt. They cannot hold tax-exempt status and support a Political Candidate. Even if these contributions are not legal, this will probably be filed in the No Action Taken folder by our Local "Justice" Units of Government. The persons name om the Large Contributions does not have an address which is required by the form. Concerning the form itself Memo to ever is charge of forms - We now have Spreadsheets that can be used via a Computer. This Technology and software is nearly 25 years old. However, in Indiana we would not want to rush things along. A spread sheet would allow an easy searchable data base but we would not want something like that in Indiana.	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line6
__label__wiki	0.653574	0.653574	Timberland Announces Partnership with The Savory Institute as Part of Effort to Build Regenerative Leather Supply Chain for Fashion Industry By: 3BL Media: Corporate Social Responsibility, Energy and Health News May 28, 2020 at 05:00 AM EDT Furthers brand commitment to responsible design in pursuit of a greener future SOURCE: Timberland STRATHAM, N.H., May 27, 2020 /3BL Media/ - Global outdoor lifestyle brand Timberland today announced a new partnership with the Savory Institute, a 501(c)(3) non-profit focused on the large-scale regeneration of the world’s grasslands, as part of the brand’s long-standing commitment to build a greener future. This move augments the brand’s recently announced collaboration with Other Half Processing, which sources hides from Thousand Hills Lifetime Grazed regenerative ranches. Through these partnerships, Timberland is working to identify, aggregate, and connect early-adopter regenerative ranches with its large-scale tannery partners to help build a regenerative supply chain for the footwear and apparel industry. “The fashion industry has a significant impact on greenhouse gas emissions, and we believe it’s all of our responsibility to be a part of the solution,” said Colleen Vien, director of sustainability for Timberland. “Regenerative agriculture presents a powerful opportunity to go beyond simply minimizing our impact, to actually create value and have a net positive effect for the land and the farmers. Timberland is incredibly excited to be partnering with The Savory Institute to drive real and meaningful change.” Ranchers and farmers who use regenerative grazing practices manage their cattle in a way that mimics the natural movement of herd animals. This grazing allows for more rest and re-growth of grasses, leading to better food for livestock and healthier soil, as these grasses pull carbon out of the atmosphere and store it in the ground. These practices also support biodiversity, and make the land more productive with greater resilience to both drought and heavy rain. As a charitable supporter of The Savory Institute and a member of its “Land to Market Frontier Founder” corporate advisory program, Timberland will co-fund the Institute’s Ecological Outcome Verification (EOV) process on all Thousand Hills Lifetime Grazed ranches. The EOV process measures the tangible regenerative benefits occurring on the land, while also providing valuable data back to farmers to improve their practices. “The regenerative movement has largely been focused on the food industry to date, but we at Savory Institute believe there is an opportunity to simultaneously synergize with the apparel industry and open up unparalleled successes for the planet,” said Chris Kerston, Chief Commercial Officer for the Land to Market program at Savory. “Additionally, cultivating a more complete utilization of the materials coming off regenerative farms creates mutually beneficial opportunities for the farmer, for the brand, and for the consumer. We are thrilled to be partnering with Timberland, a proven leader in this space, on their initiative to bring leather products raised on verified regenerative landscapes to the masses.” In Fall 2020, Timberland will launch a collection of boots made using Regenerative Leather sourced from Thousand Hills Lifetime Grazed ranches, with plans to scale the program significantly over time. Timberland has long been ahead of the curve with its commitment to responsible design – beginning with the launch of its iconic Earthkeepers® boot in 2007 which was made with recycled PET, recycled rubber, and leather from tanneries rated gold by the Leather Working Group for best environmental practices. Timberland also made a landmark commitment in 2019 to plant 50 million trees over the next five years, in pursuit of a greener future. For more information about Timberland’s commitment to better product, stronger communities and a greener world, visit the brand’s responsibility site. About Timberland Founded in 1973, Timberland is a global outdoor lifestyle brand based in Stratham, New Hampshire, with international headquarters in Switzerland and Hong Kong. Best known for its original yellow boot designed for the harsh elements of New England, Timberland today offers a full range of footwear, apparel and accessories for people who value purposeful style and share the brand’s passion for enjoying – and protecting – nature. At the heart of the Timberland® brand is the core belief that a greener future is a better future. This comes to life through a decades-long commitment to make products responsibly, protect the outdoors, and strengthen communities around the world. To share in Timberland’s mission to step outside, work together and make it better, visit one of our stores, timberland.com or follow us @timberland. Timberland is a VF Corporation brand. About Savory Institute The Savory Institute, a U.S. 501(c)(3) charitable organization, facilitates large-scale regeneration of the world’s grasslands through Holistic Management. Together with Savory’s global network of Hubs, the Savory Institute equips farmers and ranchers around the world with education, training, and implementation support to achieve success within their cultural and ecological contexts. Savory Institute also removes barriers and creates enhanced conditions for large-scale progress by informing policy, engaging the marketplace, and increasing public awareness. Savory’s long-term goal is to positively influence the management of 1 billion hectares of grasslands by 2025, thereby contributing to global climate-, water- and food-security. To learn more, visit www.savory.global. Tweet me: .@Timberland announces a new partnership with @SavoryInstitute as part of the brand’s long-standing commitment to build a greener future. See how they are working to build a regenerative leather supply chain for the fashion industry: https://bit.ly/3ca98ve KEYWORDS: NYSE:VFC, Timberland, The Savory Institute, Leather, regenerative agriculture VF Corp	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line10
__label__cc	0.619825	0.380175	Underdogs Before The Book Thief Markus Zusak wrote a trilogy of novels about the Wolfe Brothers The Underdog Fighting Rueben Wolfe and Getting the Girl Cameron and Ruben Wolfe are champions at getting into f Title: Underdogs Author: Markus Zusak Before The Book Thief, Markus Zusak wrote a trilogy of novels about the Wolfe Brothers The Underdog, Fighting Rueben Wolfe, and Getting the Girl Cameron and Ruben Wolfe are champions at getting into fights, coming up with half baked schemes, and generally disappointing girls, their parents, and their much motivated older siblings They re intensely loyal to each othBefore The Book Thief, Markus Zusak wrote a trilogy of novels about the Wolfe Brothers The Underdog, Fighting Rueben Wolfe, and Getting the Girl Cameron and Ruben Wolfe are champions at getting into fights, coming up with half baked schemes, and generally disappointing girls, their parents, and their much motivated older siblings They re intensely loyal to each other, brothers at their best and at their very worst But when Cameron falls head over heels for Ruben s girlfriend, the strength of their bond is tested to its breaking point.We re proud to present these novels together for the first time, and to be introducing American readers to The Underdog, never before published in the United States Fans of The Book Thief won t want to miss reading the novels that launched Markus Zusak s stellar career. [PDF] Ó Unlimited ✓ Underdogs : by Markus Zusak ✓ Markus Zusak 431 Markus Zusak Title: [PDF] Ó Unlimited ✓ Underdogs : by Markus Zusak ✓ Posted by:Markus Zusak About " Markus Zusak " Markus Zusak was born in 1975 and is the author of five books, including the international bestseller, The Book Thief, which is translated into than forty languages First released in 2005, The Book Thief has spent than a decade on the New York Times bestseller list, and still remains there to this day.His first three books, The Underdog, Fighting Ruben Wolfe and When Dogs Cry also known as Getting the Girl , released between 1999 and 2001, were all published internationally and garnered a number of awards and honours in his native Australia and the USA.The Messenger or I am the Messenger , published in 2002, won the 2003 Australian Children s Book Council Book of the Year Award Older Readers and the 2003 NSW Premier s Literary Award Ethel Turner Prize , as well as receiving a Printz Honour in America It also won numerous national readers choice awards across Europe, including, in 2007, the highly regarded Deutscher Jugendliteratur Jugendjury prize in Germany, which he won again for The Book Thief in 2010.It is The Book Thief, however, that has established Markus Zusak as one of the most successful authors to come out of Australia To date, The Book Thief has held the number one position at the New York Times bestseller list, as well as in countries across South America, Europe and Asia It has also been in the top five bestsellers in the UK and several other territories It has amassed many and varied awards, ranging from literary prizes to readers choice awards to prizes voted on by booksellers It was the only book to feature on both the USA and UK World Book Night Lists in 2012, and has been voted as Australian readers favourite book by iconic independent bookstore, Dymocks, three years running.In 2013, The Book Thief was adapted to screen, directed by Emmy Award winning Brian Percival Downton Abbey and shot in Berlin by Twentieth Century Fox The cast was headlined by Academy Award winner Geoffrey Rush Shine, The King s Speech and Academy Award nominee Emily Watson Breaking the Waves, Anna Karenina It also cast Sophie Nelisse Monsieur Lazhar , as Liesel Meminger The Guardian calls The Book Thief a novel of breathtaking scope, masterfully told The New York Times Brilliant and hugely ambitious the kind of book that can be life changing The Age an original, moving, beautifully written book In 2014, Zusak received the American Library Association s Margaret Edwards award for significant and lasting contribution to young adult literature, for his body of work ranging from The Underdog up to The The Book Thief Markus Zusak grew up in Sydney, Australia, and still lives there with his wife and two children. Markus Zusak is arguably one of the best contemporary YA authors, as evidenced by his internationally acclaimed bestseller, The Book Thief. It was a pleasure to read this trilogy as it chronicles the first three works of the author before his literary fame. The Underdog is the shortest story of the three, and while lacking in some aspects it is an intriguing first act of Underdogs trilogy and whets the reader’s appetite for a taste of the resilient Wolfe Family. Fighting Ruben Wolfe delves dee [...] Dawn Teresa Originally posted on my blog, Read LoveThe Book Thief was no fluke. It was the culmination of years of work and growth from a gifted writer. When I began reading the first book in Underdogs, fearful that it would prove to be vastly inferior to The Book Thief (one of my all-time favorite books), I found real and rapid assurance that the hand that authored that masterpiece also wrote these words. In The Underdog, originally published in 1999 (and his first work), Markus Zusak's talent and unique s [...] Magnificent!I know THE BOOK THIEF is the one that all kiddies rave about, and don't get me wrong: that is a brilliant book and I love it. But then I discovered GETTING THE GIRL, which led me to find FIGHTING RUBEN WOLFE, which brings us here, to the first US publication of THE UNDERDOG, contained in this omnibus of all three Wolfe brothers books. If you don't, from the first chapter of THE UNDERDOG (or any of the other two, really), fall madly in love with the endearingly awkward and yet strange [...] Come on, people, this is Zusak we're talking about and while, yes, I love his entirely unique writing style, I adore his beautifully honest stories with their sweet messages even more. This little story doesn't have some huge event or a climactic ending, it doesn't have some whirling plot that keeps us turning pages but will be forgotten not long after the last page is read. It's about life, and the lessons we can glean from it. Sure, Cameron couldn't talk to girls and Ruben and he were pretty u [...] Heidi (Yup. Still here.) I am not afraid. I will admit it. I have a new book crush. His name is Cameron. He is geeky and shy and he has a heart of gold. What is not to love? I will add that in the intro Mr. Zuzak admitted he is Cameron so by default I guess my crush also carries to him (Who are we kidding I love Markus too. I mean who can resist an accent?) What is it about Aussie writers? Even in their earlier books that are not as polished (such as this one) they have you laughing one minute and wanting to bawl your e [...] Brigid ✩ Cool Ninja Sharpshooter ✩ I finished this at last! And over all, I really enjoyed it. The first book of the anthology was a bit rough and uneventful, but I thought the second and third books were a lot better, and I could definitely see Markus Zusak's writing improve over the course of the trilogy. There were times when I thought the style (especially the dialogue) got kind of pretentious/annoying, but for the most part I loved the way they were written. And by the end I felt very attached to the Wolfe family and felt li [...] The first thing to note is that this is an omnibus of The Underdog, Fighting Ruben Wolfe and Getting the Girl. The second thing to note is that they're Markus Zusak's very first novels. The writing style we all loved in The Book Thief didn't just spring magically from a first effort, and Underdogs is definitely representative of the journey this author's writing grew through.The biggest issue with The Underdog is that it's plot-less. This leaves it all up to Cameron to capture our interest, whic [...] On TCM there’s a segment where Peter O’Toole reflects upon his experiences working with David Lean in Lawrence of Arabia. O’Toole remembers one particular scene where Lean asks him to complete five minutes of mime for the scene where Lawrence tries on, for the first time, that white robe in the desert. Not knowing what to do, O’Toole thinks about it, and then remembers the dagger he has sheathed on his waist. As the film starts rolling, O’Toole uses the dagger as a mirror to look at hi [...] Jillian -always aspiring- All three books in one volume? YES!!! I don’t know what it is with me and omnibuses… omnibusseses… omnibi? Anything that’s packaged as a complete set, be it made up of novels or comics, tends to attract my attention these days. This particular omnibus appeared to me out of nowhere, and didn’t do anything for me at first. Somewhere between when I started it and when I finished it, though, it crept up on me and became one of my favorite recent reads. It’s a meandering, quirky coming-of-age story that is funny and heartbrea [...] Meegy To tell you the truth I was a bit skeptical about this book at first, but as it was by Markus Zusak I wanted to read it. This book is compiled of three short stories about Cameron Wolfe. I loved how at the end of each chapter is either a dream, a conversation with his brother or WORDS (as Cameron calls them)This book was amazing, and about battle of Cameron Wolfes every day teenage life. The last book I found was the best, and it made me cry to see it all come together. Eli Lindsey I liked this book very much. In the beginning I was very skeptical because the plot seemed to be going nowhere but as it got going, it progressed greatly. This story is just one of those feel good books, in the end the little man gets what he wants and triumphs over the big man. My favorite character in the book is Reuben, he is the one everyone likes but still doesn't show it in his day to day life. He is also nice to his brother Cameron, even though Cameron is not as good of a boxer as he. Thi [...] G'day, mates. This here's the story of Cameron Wolfe. OK, THREE stories of Cameron Wolfe. Once upon a time they were little known novels by a little known YA writer from Down Under. Title of the books? The Underdog, Fighting Ruben Wolfe, and Getting the Girl. Title of the author? Markus Zusak. Reason that sounds familiar? The Book Thief.And that's the reason has put together these three books -- Zusak's sensational success with the Holocaust sleeper, The Book Thief. Some of the books in UNDERDO [...] Underdogs is an omnibus volume of Markus Zusak;s three novels about the Wolfe brothers, Ruben and young narrator Cameron. The first novel - The Underdog - is noticeably the weakest of the three, and was in fact Zusak's first novel. There's really little to say about it, except that so little happens in it that I am a bit surprised that it was even published. It basically sets the stage for the two novels that follow.But it is followed by Fighting Ruben Wolfe, and that is a horse of another (extr [...] Would want to be a fighter? This book is a story about two brothers that always get into fights. They're not that close with their other siblings but themselves. One day a street boxing promotor heard about Ruben Wolfe beating up a guy in school for calling his sister inappropriate names. When the promotor talked with Ruben to get him to fight, Ruben also told him about his brother Cameron Wolfe that he should fight too. Ruben starts taking this seriously because he wants to be a fighter even th [...] Jen Scott I'm going to do a three part review for this book, because I read all three novels at different times. The first one is for Underdog: Out of all of the Markus Zusak books I've read, this one was my least favorite. I felt like it didn't have as much direction as his other books, and there was no "wow" factor for me. But, nevertheless, this is Markus Zusak we're talking about, and he is a beautiful writer, so I enjoyed reading it.Fighting Ruben Wolfe: I had the awesome experience of reading this t [...] I could relate to this story right from the beginning. Though the main character is 15, the things he is going through right now sort of relate to any average teenager (love, relationships etc). I really like how the story talks about the main character (Cameron)'s brother and how they are still having fun together even after they have fights and arguments (that was mostly what related to me). This book is good for people who want to know what it is like going through a teen's life but it goes i [...] Это история про :миссис Вульфмистера ВульфаСтиваСаруРубаКэмеронаОктавиюПушкапро поиски себяпро голодпро дружбупро семьюпро любовь — Ты можешь утонуть во мне, когда захочешь, Кэмерон, — сказала она и, как тогда, прикоснулась губами к моим губам и плавно потекла через мо [...] Simply put, Zusak is a genius at writing and that was the main force to keep me reading. Out of the three books I liked the third one the most. However, the more I read the more meaningful and different the book became. My actual rating is 3.5. If you're a fan of the book thief and/or the messenger then you may want more Zusak in his beginning years. Warning: Peculiar, but worthy Maureen E All three Wolfe novels. The last, Getting the Girl is by far my favorite, though the tidiness of the resolution bothered me just a little. But I was invested enough in Cameron at that point to not really mind. [Oct. 2011] Deb Stern I could have counted this as three separate books, as they were written. However, to really feel the full effect, this needs to read as one continuous novel. Zusak speaks of layers from life experiences and every one of his books shows pieces of his layers. Audible version really good. Phrynne A very short, simple little book but it shows that Marcus Zusak has what it takes to be a really good author and later he proved this with The Book Thief. Underdogs is not really my kind of book but I enjoyed it for what it was. K. McDevitt I'd read Fighting Ruben Wolfe before, so when I saw this collection of all three books (that one being the middle one) I grabbed it. It was a slow read for me for some reason, but I did enjoy it. I got to meet Cameron Wolfe for the first time (again) in the first story, "The Underdog," and really get to know him. And I got to see him really come into his own in the third story, "Getting the Girl." Born into a working class family, Cameron has a lot of hopes of making something of himself, but is [...] Jacinta Carter While not as good as Zusak's other novels, this trilogy was still an enjoyable read. He does a great job of portraying the struggles the Wolfe brothers face in life and with each other. If I were a brother (instead of just having three of them), this book probably would have hit closer to home for me. As it is, though, I liked reading about Cameron and Ruben Wolfe, and I wouldn't have minded if this book had been a bit longer. Fatcheeks If I had to choose my favorite relationship in this book, it would definitely be Steve and Cam. That one broke my heart and filled it again the most.That said, I love books about family and ones that focus on brothers. It reminded me ofThe Outsidersso therefore, I recommended this book for anyone who enjoyed that book. Markus Zusak has earned a place at the top of my list of favorite authors. If you haven't read The Book Thief, do. Read my review of it first though--I think you should know some things before you start. Read I am the Messenger too. Once you've read those, you're going to want more Markus Zusak--at least I did. Luckily I discovered Underdogs. It is a compilation of the first three books Zusak published. Originally published in his native Australia, they have only recently become available to rea [...] Relebohile Ntshingila Actual rating is 3.5 Stars. Hazel West Thoughts on the Overall Book: I decided to just review this addition so I can review all three books together in order to compare them. They were, of course, brother stories, and that always makes me enjoy things so much more and I really did love reading about the Wolfe brothers.Cover--Yea or Nay: Meh, it's okay. Nothing really special, but I do like silhouettes as opposed to character impersonators. Characters: These are definitely character driven stories, so having good characters is very im [...] Albert Riehle This is an omnibus edition of the 3 continuous books in the Cameron Wolfe series and as an omnibus I'm giving it 4 stars because I have to judge it all together. It's worth noting that if there were half-stars I'd give it 4.5 though. It's also worth noting that the last two books, Fighting Ruben Wolfe and Getting the Girl are definite 5 star works. It's the first book, Underdog that brings the rating down. And Underdog isn't bad. It's simply a first book and it's not as good as the other two. It [...] I’d like to preface this with the fact that I adore everything Zusak has ever written (I can’t wait for whenever Bridge of Clay comes out because Lord knows I’ve been waiting long enough). But with I’d like to call attention to the little known Underdogs omnibus, consisting of three books, The Underdog, Fighting Ruben Wolfe, and Getting the Girl. I know one of the complaints about this series is that they aren’t written exactly like the way I Am the Messenger or The Book Thief is writt [...] Tucket's Travels: Francis Tucket's Adventures In T... Be Careful Who You Love: Inside the Michael Jackso... Curiosidades do Vaticano Dream Stalker Protector of the Flight Just Big Boobs, Vol. 13: Sexy Girls With Big Boobs... Fates of Midgard النظرية النسبية الخاصة The Quicksand War:Prelude to Vietnam Большая книга рассказов Exactly Alike The pageant of medieval art and life A Vida Secreta de Jonas Office-Boy em Apuros Plays 2: The Marrying of Ann Leete / The Madras Ho... Color Me Vegan: Maximize Your Nutrient Intake and ... © 2021 Underdogs \| Theme by Markus Zusak	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line15
__label__cc	0.625272	0.374728	3 Sustainable Transport I felt a sort of similarity when we rode our first train in Kyoto last week; it was like going from the relative flatness of Atlanta to the rolling mountains of Appalachia. Except this was the transition from Tokyo and Fukushima to Kyoto—a new beautiful country with monkeys and native bamboo forests at the tops of those mountains. Keihanshin, our new megaregion. The mountains in Keihanshin have been the most blatant regional observation that I've observed the past few weeks from the Kanto region. In the cities I've been in so far in Keihanshin (Kyoto, Kobe and Osaka), the mountains make for longer rail rides. Here in Kobe, I find myself riding on Rapid express lines more than anything. To get to school, it takes a 50 minute train and bus commute to get from our dorm up where the main campus is. But trains are also quieter and simpler to navigate—I haven't had to cram myself into a rail car yet and our local station in Kobe (Fukae) only has one rail line going through it. Apart from differences in transit, our classes have discussed regionalism in language. Some words change from Tokyo to Kobe such as "baka" becoming "aho" for "fool", or "arigatō" becoming "ōkini" to mean "thanks." Our Kobe classmates said that these words are often used interchangeably, which suggests that the regional vocabulary isn't strict. There is also a difference in dialect apparently from these two regions, but I don't have the ear to notice a distinction yet. Another shift in the Keihanshin region is that I'm back to my American roots while walking; people walk on the right side here. Or at least, that's where the arrows are in stations, but I think there are so many tourists and commuters here that it gets confusing. I was trying to find the etiquette for this region online and found out it's more complicated than I thought: "Interestingly, people in Kyoto behave differently on the escalators on different train or subway lines in Kyoto. For JR lines and subway lines, which mainly run in Kyoto city, most of the people stand on the left side when taking the escalator. While for Hankyu lines, Keihan line and Kintetsu lines, which connect Kyoto to its neighborhood such as Osaka and Nara, more people stand on the right side." (https://www.getaroundjapan.jp/archives/4730) It's definitely confusing for me now because I just became used to walking on the left. I've only really been settled in this new region for a week, so there are likely more evidence of regionalism that I have yet to experience. But so far, it's been my favorite part of the country as I feel really connected to nature. Almost too connected; I went on a run last week to try to scale one of the hilly areas near me and was deterred by a sign for wild boars. I'm hoping to get over my fear and climb Mount Rokko (Kobe's signature peak) in the next week or so. Read more about Settling down in Keihanshin The first week of this program was spent in Tokyo, a part of the Kanto region, we then proceeded to the travel leg and have ended up in Kobe, a part of the Kansai region. Even though these regions are part of the same country and are relatively close to each other (at least in an American standard) there are a lot of cultural differences between them. The first difference that I observed was the way people stood on escalators. In the Kanto region, most people stand on the left side and leave the right for people in a rush. Whereas in the Kansai region, people stand on the right and leave the left side of the escalator for people in a rush. The differences in escalator use between regions. (Image taken from CNN) Another difference that I learned about was the dialect. The funniest difference I learned about was the word for "idiot." The Kanto region uses the word "baka" when referring to someone but often use it when referring to carelessness, whereas the Kansai region uses the word "aho" but use it when talking to people they are more familiar with. Overall, there are a lot of differences between these two regions that usually go unnoticed by foreigners. The difference in language, food, culture, and many other things show the regionalism present in Japan. This regionalism can be compared to the one we see in the USA, especially in the North East and the South, where there are differences in language, food, culture, and other things. The Kanto and Kansai regions on a map. (Image taken from CNN) Read more about Regionalism in Japan (First of all: apologies in advance for pictures being sideways and videos being linked instead of embedded. GT is giving me an error when I try to embed the images and videos. I will try to fix the issues for next post.) In some areas, Japan’s technological progress has amazed me. However, I am surprised that such an advanced country is lacking in other areas. One of the technologies that I first encountered, and have grown to love, are the toilets. There are so many options to make the experience comfortable. Often, there are cleaning wipes so you can sit directly on the seat (they are heated!). Most of these features are more for comfort than sustainability, but there are environmental and social features too. Many of the toilets I’ve used have settings for different flush levels to save water, including the toilets in our dorms. This toilet also has a faucet on the top, so when you flush it refills the toilet and you can rinse your hands simultaneously (not gross toilet water, regular sink water). This feature saves water, although I am still trying to figure out where hand soap comes in this process (I feel weird not using soap, so I wash my hands after the toilet rinse). There are also baby holders in some of the public bathrooms I’ve encountered. This is helpful for mothers to bring their children on errands so they can be more time efficient. I doubt there is the same in the men’s restrooms, but if they incorporated that, it would be great for increasing gender equality. Video: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Hfb5SwOaAwyiZ1fDA2bZPL9GwdeGcLdF/view?usp=sharing Another technology I have encountered is sliding automatic doors. In the states, most automatic doors are in supermarkets where you would be carrying bags. In Japan, almost all doors I’ve encountered are automatic doors. I’ve become so used to them that when I encounter a door I have to push or pull, I do a double take. These doors help prevent germs from spreading since there are no handles. They are also helpful for older people or people with disabilities who might have a hard time opening the doors. They allow for people to have their hands full, maybe carrying a child or bags. Another benefit is that the sliding doors take up less space which helps with the high population density. Overall, automatic sliding doors are a sustainable in a variety of ways. One downside might be that they use electricity, but this can be a neutral effect if the electricity comes from a reusable source. One smart technology that has the potential to be so much more sustainable are vending machines. There are so many vending machines in Japan. Unfortunately, almost all the bottles are made of plastic. While there are receptacles for these bottles specifically, reducing plastic use is much more effective than recycling in terms of sustainability. In my opinion, the vending machines don’t have to disappear, but they could instead use dispensing vending machines. There are fancy Coca-Cola machines in Atlanta that pour a huge variety of drinks while being easy and fun to use. They don’t incorporate a payment system, but if the price was set by the type and amount of beverage, this could eliminate the need for bottles. At Tech, everyone carries around a water bottle. If people in Japan had personal water bottles and refilled them with any drink from a vending machine, the plastic use would go down dramatically while still being profitable. One minor issue is figuring out how to refill these machines, which would be harder than with bottles but certainly doable. Japan has many smart technologies that make the country sustainable. There are areas where they could improve, and I hope they do. I also hope we implement some of these useful technologies in the US and other countries. One major lesson I’ve learned on this trip so far, is that all the countries in the world could learn a little bit more from each other; that would be nice. Read more about Smart (and maybe Sustainable) Tech around Japan Our travel week is over :( but now we're in Kobe studying with a class twice the size of us! We talked about smart cities in our first lecture together. A smart city is one that uses digital ICTs (Information and Communication Technologies) and other new technologies to improve citizen's lives. These new technologies can help promote sustainable development by providing data and increasing efficiency for all groups of people. They also have the potential to make a country more resilient, as seen in earthquake-resistant structures. There are several ways that I've seen Japan fit the mold of a sustainable city. Although some of these technologies seem unnecessary, Japan is a clear leader for integrating smart technologies for environmental efforts and social inclusion. My immediate observations about tech here is its appearance in food. On Ramen Street, we ordered by pressing a button. Other places, I've ordered by an app. Toilets are also honestly an amazing technology here. As a combination of western design and eastern bidet practices, it is amenable to many people. The toilets in our new apartments have a built in sink that also pours water in to refill the tank. Both the food and toilet technology may seem small, but they're contributing a lot to sustainability issues in the country. Tech in restaurants helps limit the number of people needed to run it—and for a country that's losing its workforce this is a practical solution for the future. Toilets with built-in faucets help conserve water and space. Our tour of Giken way back in week one was another example of smart technologies. Their silent press-in system helps eliminate noise emitted by construction. Their Eco-Park design also conserves space and saves people time by providing an automated valet. When I think of unnecessary technologies, my usual frame of reference is thinking about how that time/money could have been spent more effectively. For example, when we visited Fukushima, our tour started with a movie played at the TEPCO decommissioning archive center. The video was combined elements of digital and paper media to illustrate the explosions, and part of the video was projected on the ground. It was a really well-designed movie but it lacked any discussion about how TEPCO is trying to make a change. What else could've been done in the time to make that very tech-savvy video? Maybe increased efforts to help people more who were personally affected by the mistakes made during the nuclear disaster. That being said, smart technologies are being introduced in Fukushima. Solar panels are becoming common, and hydrogen as a source of power is being explored in the region. New sources of energy can help improve citizen's lives and safety. As seen, there are many instances where Japan is investing into smart technologies. Some are small, but almost all are improving citizen quality of life. Other efforts may not really be necessary, but I also recognize the functionality of technology also varies by the person. The fact that Japan is working on tech-involved parking systems and forms of energy illustrates how much of a leader it has become in the realm of sustainability. Read more about Kobe Arrival and Smart Tech These past three weeks, I have taken numerous modes of transportation from Kyoto's city bus and Tokyo's trains to Hiroshima's ferry and the Shinkansen and learned about various aspects of Japan's culture and practices. Little did I know that all around me were installations of smart technologies that all work towards creating more sustainable cities. During the first week in Tokyo, we visited Giken to learn more about the company's efforts towards parking facilities by taking advantage of underground spaces. Company representatives demonstrated for us both their bicycle and automobile parking systems, in which both the former and latter contain hundreds of units to prevent cluttering of public areas and to also conserve space from up above (which is especially needed for Japan's high population density). Giken has also developed a soundproof technology called the press-in method, which uses static loading with zero noise and vibration at construction sites. This smart technology, therefore, allows for any important construction to occur right beside people's homes without disturbing them with the usual noise that is commonly heard right on Georgia Tech's campus. Additionally, Google Maps has advanced its technology by coordinating with the public transit system in Japan. To get to your destination, the application will list when the train will arrive as well as the optimal car to board; this way, you will be closest to the exit and get out the fastest when you arrive at your designated stop. In most trains, but more so in Tokyo, there are overhead displays that, for each of the next few stops, show the time remaining until the train will arrive at those particular stops. I also learned about the innovations that JR East is currently working on during our visit to their Research and Development Facility in Tokyo several weeks ago. One development is a new ticket gate in which the top surface will slant inwards so that wheel-chair bound individuals can easily tap their ticket onto the scanner without any difficulties. The company is also working with laser technology, so that a sensor hanging from the ceiling can detect all commuters carrying a card or ticket without them having to scan it at the machine. This would increase time efficiency and reduce congestion at the ticket gates, especially during rush hour. It has only been a short three weeks, but I have already learned a lot about sustainable development with respect to Japan's infrastructure, transportation systems, public spaces, and more. I hope that for the next two months, I will come to recognize more smart technologies that Japan has implemented and how these systems will help the country's approach towards sustainable development. Read more about Japan's Smart & Sustainable Solutions Whenever Tokyo appears in movies, it is usually depicted as a glitzy, technological city of the future; after spending some time in this city, I can confirm that there is indeed fact within the Hollywood fantasies. Tokyo, as well as other Japanese cities, have incorporated a variety of “smart” technologies into their societal frameworks that aid citizens in navigating the demands of everyday life. Because of Japan’s emphasis on the utilization of sustainable transportation such as mass transit and biking, many of these smart technologies are connected to this realm of society. The smart technology that I have become most acquainted with during my time in Japan is the IC card, which is a prepaid train system card that allows users to simply tap their cards on a turnstile before and after they embark on the train to pay for their rides. Numerous cards exist under the umbrella of the Japan Rail system including Pasmo, Icoca, and Pitapa, but our students have been making use of the Suica card. The IC card is incredibly convenient because it allows users to load a desired amount of money onto their cards, with kiosks for adding more money onto cards located at every train station, thereby reducing the need for paper tickets. The MARTA system in Atlanta, Georgia has a similar feature known as the Breeze Card, but the Japanese IC cards prove to be more valuable due to the fact that they can be used to make small purchases at convenience stores as well as their ability to be made available on smartphones. Another smart technology that has been implemented in Japan’s transit system is the presence of small digital screens within Tokyo’s train cars that display information including station names, stop times, and car numbers in addition to the weather and advertisements. These screens are helpful because they allow passengers to divulge important information without having to focus on the train conductor’s announcements or having to decipher a complicated map of the train system. Although these screens are present in the local train cars of Tokyo, they are absent from the local train cars of Kobe, which has caused me to have to pay more attention during my train rides in this new city. While the lack of digital screens in the Kobe train cars won’t inhibit me from utilizing the train system, the addition of this smart technology would definitely make riding the train a more convenient experience. Aside from the train system, smart technology in Tokyo also comes in the form of car and bike storage. During our second day in Tokyo, our group had the pleasure of visiting Giken, a company renowned for automated parking facilities. We were brought to an ECO Cycle, which is an automated underground bicycle parking facility, and an ECO Park, which is an automated underground car parking facility, and we were able to view demonstrations of how both services work. Giken’s automated parking facilities contribute to sustainable development because they decrease the need for large parking lots and instead replace them with compact areas that can house not only cars but bikes as well. Although Giken has already established its parking facilities in countries such as Japan, the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom, it has only begun to penetrate these countries, so its impact on sustainable development will not be visible until the company further diffuses itself around the world. As shown by the example of Japan, the implementation of smart technologies in a society can be an agent in stimulating sustainable development. Because smart technologies can help enhance the experiences of taking the train or riding a bike, they encourage individuals to utilize these more-sustainable forms of transportation. Despite the fact that progress can still be made even in Tokyo in the realm of smart technologies, the efforts to ensure a future that is both sustainable and convenient are promising. Read more about Smarter than the Average Technology: Smart Technology in Japan The last three weeks of this trip have been very informative and enlightening on the advancement in “smart technologies” in Japanese society. From innovations in transit services with the JR, to improved, sustainable parking methods from the Giken company and their eco-parking systems, Japan is continuously showing why it is leading in the race of creating smarter cities. In the beginning of our trip, we toured the Giken company observing and learning about their eco cycle and car parking systems. They can park over 200 bikes and 50 cars in their underground parking units, which are a cylinder shape. The system works in where you park your car, receive a ticket of its storage spot, and then when you come back, you insert your ticket and the computer retrieves your car for you. This parking system is “smart” indeed by saving space in the city with smaller parking space which always for more space to build other beneficial “smart” and green systems instead of having clunky, cement parking lots taking up an unnecessary number of square miles. On another tour, we observed some of the newest initiatives in improving JR East transit systems. One project was relating to the boarding and departing the trains, where instead of a simple waist level barrier separating the customer form the tracks, it is whole fence-like barrier that rises and lowers upon arrival and departure of the train. This will increase customer safety and further decrease the chances of people committing suicides on the railways. The JR East employees also showed our group an improved version of the Suica card scanner. This scanner, differing from the present box gate look, has the scanning part at an angle and also above the customer suspended from the ceiling, providing more convenient access to customers, specifically to handicapped passengers in wheelchairs and shorter customers to scan their card with less strain. These are just two examples from the JR company to make more sustainable transit systems, working with “smarter” technology. With these and the countless other examples in the making, Japan is displaying very “smart” and sustainable technological advances to make their environment healthier and people having easier access and convenience in their everyday lives. Read more about "Smart" Sustainability Source: Sunpower-UK Over the past three weeks, I have been observing many different examples of smart technologies in Japan. A smart technology is anything that improves the everyday lives of all citizens of an area. The technologies have emerged out of Japans megaregions because megaregions are usually the sources of technological innovation. Cities that implement these technologies are referred to as “smart cities” are usually leading cities in sustainability. Source: sites.psu.edu The first smart technologies I witnessed in Japan were the underground parking garages for cars and bikes. These were essentially parking hubs that robotically stored one’s car or bike and then returned it when needed. These improve people’s lives and preserve the beauty of the city by eliminating massive above ground parking structures or cluttered parking lots. The automated parking systems have been implemented in certain areas of Tokyo, but I have yet to see them in other cities in Japan. I also feel that the United States could benefit from implementing a technology like this because a lot more people own and drive personal vehicles. The underground parking garage technology could also be used for Bird and Lime scooters, which would help clean the streets of scooters laying around everywhere. Source: matcha-jp.com I also witnessed a variety of smart technologies while touring the JR East Research and Development facility. The people over at JR East were working on multiple innovations that will improve the lives of every utilizing their transit systems. The most impressive technology I observed there was the adjustable train station ceiling. If implemented, this ceiling would adjust in height to correct airflow depending on how many people were walking through the station. Another innovation that JR East was working on was their new prepaid card scanner. This is almost the same thing that is currently being used, however, its aim is to make scanning in or out of train stations easier for wheelchair users by placing the scanner at an angle to the gate. These are just a few examples of smart technologies that have been developed and implemented in Japan, however, there are still many ideas that can be produced to improve our lives. Read more about Smart Technologies in Japan One of the key factors in pushing for a place to become sustainable is to ensure you have technology that will allow you to keep doing so. Japan is a place that has done a great job in implementing such technologies. I will write about some of these "smart" technologies that I have observed in my past three weeks here. The Suica card is similar to a Marta breeze card, it enables passengers to be able to pay for their train rides with it. One thing that sets it apart from any other metro/train card is that it can be used to pay for various forms of travels, ranging from the Shinkansen to a city's street car service (it is accepted at most vending machines too) regardless of which company operates the service. This cooperation between companies to allow for users to have the most convenient journey by allowing them to reduce the number of payment methods they have to carry to only one card is the perfect implementation of a smart technology. A passenger putting their Suica card at a gate of a train station. Image from gogonihon.com. The next smart technology that I saw was something that has not been implemented yet. I saw it at the JR East Research Facility. It was a ceiling whose height could be adjusted. They used this to imitate the heights of different stations but it could also be used to adjust the temperature of stations in a more efficient way. I can see this method having the potential of saving a lot of money in heating/cooling expenditure and adjust how air conditioners are used in a way that is better for the environment. Another smart technology I learned about was also at the JR East Research Facility. They are developing translucent solar panels that can be placed on windows of trains and train stations. I found this very impressive as if this is successfully implemented it will increase the amount of renewable energy used while also saving money for the companies running train stations and trains (which are usually the same). Overall, there have been a lot of smart technologies that I have seen in Japan and I could talk about them all day. I am impressed by how technology development is approached by taking sustainability into mind and also how companies are willing to work with each other here. Giken, a company making underground parking for cycles and cars. This is another example of a "smart" technology. Image taken from Giken.com. Read more about Smart Cities in Japan We praised Tokyo’s sustainable development surrounding their transit system; however, in towns outside of this megaregion, they do not have these capabilities. The towns within the prefecture of Fukushima, the preferred mode of transportation was cars. In front of every retail center, there was parking spots and parking lots, indicating people needed to travel by car in order to reach these destinations. In Kyoto, a much older city, the roads are much smaller. It seems that within these condensed patches of infrastructure, bikes and walking are the preferred mode of transportation. With towns within Fukushima, power plants have taken advantage of the hardly dense population for the rest of the country. Prior to the nuclear reaction, the plant in Fukushima powered most of Tokyo. Unfortunately, these are the areas that are susceptible to a nuclear reaction or other hazardous materials such as hydrogen because of this reason. Resilient is not an adjective I thought could describe a city or a community beforehand. The towns of Fukushima show true resilience. The people did not abandon the city even when there was nothing left to return to for some. There were no more jobs and for some, no more homes. Towns that had been there the last 1200 years were wiped. All the town’s history, important monuments, and people’s homes were all gone in a matter of a few hours. In place of these towns, the have built a seawall all alongside in order to mitigate further damage in the future. They have also built new homes for those who were forced to evacuate. They are slowly one by one tearing down homes that were affected by the earthquake and tsunami. The amount of current movement that bustles in and out carrying soil bags was impactful. They did not leave the city to let nature took over. The amount of work that goes into removing the entire surface of multiple towns sounds like a development nightmare. There is a lot of current movement, even eight year later, in these towns that are building infrastructure in place in order to mitigate and rebuild livable conditions. Image 1: The seawall supplies next to the last standing school. Image 2: New homes rebuilt for the evacuees. Not only are they keen on physically rebuilding, they want to rebuild their community. The sheer determination from Mayor Toshitsuna Watanabe of Okuma really left an impact on me. Even after 8 years, he still considered himself the mayor of the town and never stopped working on his duties ever since the day of the evacuation. He still felt ownership and responsibility over his town. He is aware that the elderly in the community are the ones who want to come back and he is recreating a home for them because they do not have the economic stability to work in another place and restart their lives. They just want to retire and finish their lives in their beloved home. I am touched that so many resources and money are going to the reconstruction of this town primarily for its elderly inhabitants. Image 3: Georgia Tech students and Mayor Toshitsuna Watanabe of Okuma. I am touched by our tour guides who are still tirelessly trying to make the city a home for themselves and for their loved ones. This is their home and their history, and they will continue to rebuild. I also believe it says a lot of the Japanese culture and their beliefs. They value tradition and innovation. They are rebuilding their communities that have significant history and taking the opportunity to do things better. They took the opportunity to convert to 100% renewable energy and have flooded their fields with solar panels and a hydrogen plant. I am very impressed with the determination of the government, the people, the businesses, and the overall community. I do believe the towns once affected by a triple disaster will be the epitome of a resilient community for others in the world to emulate. Image 4: Georgia Tech students with our tour guides. Read more about Can a City Be Resilient?	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line16
__label__wiki	0.550569	0.550569	who owns hospitals in italy Cleveland Clinic is consistently ranked as one of the best hospitals in the United States. In the 80s he owned an auto repair facility in Pinetamare. The majority of the patients use public hospitals in which patients pay a nominal fee, roughly $3–5. 0000025314 00000 n This depends on the type of population and the framework set by the Central Administration of the Health System. -Level 1 hospitals: high number of specialties, population area between 150,000 and 300,000 inhabitants. Most of the population owns their home, ... Italy's health care system, ... which allows you to choose your doctor and to be treated in private hospitals. 0000024515 00000 n A public hospital, or government hospital, is a hospital which is government owned and is fully funded by the government and operates solely off the money that is collected from taxpayers to fund healthcare initiatives. Patient at the Philadelphia Hospital (Philadelphia General Hospital) receiving eye treatment, 1902 The evolution of hospitals in the Western world from charitable guesthouses to centers of scientific excellence has been influenced by a number of social and cultural developments. By 1694, 3 other religious hospitals had been constructed, including the Hôtel-Dieu in Montréal, and in 1819 and 1829, respectively, general hospitals were opened in Montréal and York [Toronto]. - improved coordination within the hospital, - accelerating the computerization of hospitals. Some fine memories of Naples. According to the World Health Organization, in 2014, total expenditure on health reached 8.3% of GDP, i.e. 0000028986 00000 n In the United States, two thirds of all urban hospitals are non-profit. Private hospitals rarely operate emergency departments, and patients treated at these private facilities are billed for care. A public hospital, on the other hand, is completely and entirely run on the government’s funding and money. It advises the Director and must be consulted on certain decisions; - The Supervisory Board, with only 9 members, supervises the activity of the institution and adopts certain decisions; - The « Medical Board » is the body representing the medical and pharmaceutical staff of the institution. The number of public hospitals in major suburbs declined 27% (134 to 98) from 1996 to 2002. Hospitals in Australia treat all Australian citizens and permanent residents regardless of their age, income, or social status. In the U.S., public hospitals receive significant funding from local, state, and/or federal governments. Just enter here to see our hospital guide in Italy. Thus, many people can no longer afford to go to hospital for treatment. Here are the top 10 government-owned hospitals by gross revenue (with figures rounded to the nearest hundred million), according to data from the American Hospital Directory. [8] The privatization of public hospitals was often contemplated during this period and stalled once an infectious disease outbreak such as influenza in 1918, tuberculosis in the early 1900s, and the polio epidemic in the 1950s hit the U.S.. At this time, with the goal to improve people's health and welfare by allowing for effective health planning and the creation of neighborhood health centers, health policies like the Social Security Act were enacted. 0000025635 00000 n In 2009, health expenditure represented 4.96% of GDP, or 72.1 euros per capita. Inspired by the Jerusalem hospital, the communes of Tuscany began building hospitals during the thirteenth century. In comparison, public funding in the United States is 50% and it is nearly 80% in Japan and European countries.[14]. But foreign operators still face a … The creation of university hospital centres has led to the emergence of a mixed hospital and university status for employees (doctors, …). Public hospitals are managed by a Board of Directors and have their own budget. This hospital is still in operation. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2014, total expenditure on health reached 8.8% of GDP, i.e. Not–for–profit privately owned hospitals, total number Indicator code: hosp.notProfit Hospitals that are legal or social entities created for the purpose of producing goods and services, whose status does not permit them to be a source of income, profit, or other financial … The remaining third is split between for-profit and public, public hospitals not necessarily being not-for-profit hospital corporations. 7. [24], According to the World Health Organization, in 2014, total expenditure on health reached 9.2% of GDP, i.e. 0000028578 00000 n In the spring of 2006, the movie Casino Royale was filmed in front of this villa (the last scene of … - Group II: Hospitals providing some internal medicine and surgery services and some specialities that are not able in Group I’s hospitals. Pressure is building on Belgium’s hospitals, with 467 people admitted on average each day, a rise of 85%. 0000024860 00000 n unnybrook is owned by, I believe, the Government of Canada, at least the land is. 0000028680 00000 n Public hospitals are listed in the yellow pages under Ospedali and private hospitals under Case di cura private.If your Italian is poor or you prefer to be treated by English-speaking practitioners, the Salvator Mundi International Hospital, Viale Mura Gianicolensi, 67, Rome (Tel. In Have a pic of Humpty Dumpty on my computer. Education and training, Hospitals provide secondary and tertiary care as well as emergencies. This accounts for many factors ranging from a shortage of specialists who are more likely to practice in the more profitable sectors than in the safety-net, to the lack of clinical space. [25], In Norway, all public hospitals are funded from the national budget[26] and run by four Regional Health Authorities (RHA) owned by the Ministry of Health and Care Services. It is a general medical and surgical facility. 2009 reform : Modification of the governance of public health care institutions by setting up a director with a Board of directors and a Supervisory Board;No more executive council. 0000005057 00000 n Since there is social insurance for everyone in France, people almost do not have to pay for medical interventions. With their mandate to care for low income patients, the public hospital started engaging in leadership roles in the communities they care for since the 1980s. The vast majority of hospitals in the United Kingdom are publicly owned and managed by the National Health Service (NHS). As a result, patients have to pay for their health care. I loved going on base and was in awe of the Navy. We have subsidiaries in Belgium and in the United States. In 2009, health expenditure represented 4.96% of GDP, or 72.1 euros per capita. … The results, by any standards, have been staggering. %PDF-1.6 %�� The law also determines that the healthcare costs in this situation are to be paid by the SUS. Public hospitals, especially in urban areas, have a high concentration of uncompensated care and graduate medical education as compared to all other American hospitals. Primary care is provided in public health centres. In addition to the public hospitals, a few privately owned health clinics are operating. By Lucy Elkins for MailOnline. To overcome this challenge, some public hospitals have adopted disease prevention methods, the increase of specialty providers and clinics, deployment of nurse practitioners and physician assistants in specialty clinics, asynchronous electronic consultations, telehealth, the integration of Primary Care Providers (PCP) in the specialty clinics, and referral by PCP's to specialists.[8][13]. 0000027624 00000 n Inpeco is headquartered in Switzerland (Novazzano). In 2006, the objectives of the health reform are defined: - improving access to health insurance coverage, - improving the provision of quality care, - developing community-based care by training general practitioners in particular, - monitoring the safety and access to basic medicines, Since 2009, an investment plan of 850 billion yuans (over 92 billion euros) has been devoted to this reform.[15]. The first HÔTEL-DIEUin New France was established in 1639 by 3 sisters of Augustines de la Miséricorde de Jésus in Québec City. The 1979 reform of the health system reduced public funding for hospitals from 90% to 15%. Services in public hospitals for all Australian citizens and permanent residents are fully subsidized by the federal government's Medicare Universal Healthcare program. Cleveland Clinic conducts their pediatric operations through the Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital. Christian Fracassi, founder and CEO of Isinnova, an Italian engineering startup, heard the call for help last Friday. In some cases, these insurances will also assume the treatment costs for foreign patients, especially in emergency cases, but this has to be investigated in detail and depends on inter-government contracts. 0000027980 00000 n There are private and public hospitals. 0000026426 00000 n This is different from most other hospitals in Canada, where provincial governments pay for the construction of the hospital building. Where patients hold private health insurance, after initial treatment by a public hospital's emergency department, the patient has the option of being transferred to a private hospital. They print their own passports, have their own media, and even maintain their own mail service, all for a population numbering no more than 1,000 people. - Regional hospitals: they provide tertiary treatment or very specialized care which require advanced technologies. Recently, new legislation has been enacted forbidding private hospitals to refuse treatment to patients with insufficient funds in case of life-threatening emergencies. In Turin (City), there are 865263 inhabitants who may need hospital medical care any day of the year. A public hospital, or government hospital, is a hospital which is government owned and is fully funded by the government and operates solely off the money that is collected from taxpayers to fund healthcare initiatives. A private hospital is one which is owned and governed by a person or many people who are managing the whole finances on their own. On the other hand clients which are covered by private insurance have to pay additional fees. Following this phase was the "practitioner period" during which, the then welfare oriented urban public hospitals changed their focus to medical care and formalized nursing care. ", "Norway's Regional Health Authorities info", "South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority info", "The Act of 2 July 1999 No. Each person is taken care of by the community, both for his or her job and for his or her health. For every consultation, people have to go to the hospital. Health care in the United States is provided by many distinct organizations. startxref %%EOF He has important responsibilities and is mainly responsible for the day-to-day management of the hospital, under the supervision of the Supervisory Board; - The Board of Directors is chaired by the Director. South Africa has private and public hospitals. The purpose is to summarize and compare research findings and to generate questions for further studies. In Australia, public hospitals are operated and funded by each individual state's health department. It is projected that this number will grow to about 33 million by 2018. Public hospitals are funded by the Department of Health. Italy’s national health plan (Servizio Sanitario Nazionale), provides for hospital and medical benefits. Public funding represents 24.7% of total health expenditure. Medical departments or clinics are usually headed by one, sometimes more than one superintendent or chairman who are employed by the hospital. These units were created according to geographical location, the balance of specialties and the availability of emergency services. ��a��$��J�J�mђ�;sX�� $�sc��\�3[ݍ}\|"T��f��Q# �FTK$K4��;r��>lҩ�s��h��'e��Qg>�wV��"�)YD ��6~�IPh��}�J��%�Y� �^_PG��B;f[O\|��=���x{�@�n,�(�oM��K�o�f��P��~d�2��e�˚��Ԍ��EV�`=�/�瞃&��'��v�2��p�+=��c��Ŭ��).�!LH��h@�IM>��RP��o�(�;��ݸ�`��A�zA}��nh`?O�^��z!��8��A�[��50۳D�+�b�d �ʉI��#l�o��gyUn��u��qvWݥ��U��^�:a)n`d��.��Ǭ�G ��!� ��]�u��ߞ��U�Y6�Cݰ�-2ۘo��P�FW��Jz�Nk�V}�;�w�hi�ݟ��ʬR0N) q? Governments are turning empty hotels into hospitals for coronavirus patients with mild symptoms, isolation safe houses for exposure cases and housing for hospital … NÃO COMPROVAÇÃO DA CARÊNCIA DE RECURSOS FINANCEIROS DO PACIENTE. Cutting-edge facilities, accompanied by the best possible professional advice and excellent accommodation will make your private medical treatment as smooth as possible. The Italian man from the Veneto region who had tested positive for the virus died in hospital, where he had recovered some 10 days earlier for an unrelated health issue, Italy's health minister said. Anonymous @ 2015-10-30 08:37:39 . 0000024987 00000 n NMC group of hospitals is the largest healthcare provider and has treated over 8.5 millions patients globally. NAPLES, Italy — “The desperation is taking its toll.” That’s what Armando Gallinari, a father of five who runs a small flower shop in the north of Naples, told us. What is common to many healthcare systems is a discussion about the optimal balance between public and private provision. University-affiliated hospital (CHU in French) : Large-scale vaccination campaigns and the strengthening of medical care in impoverished rural areas made it possible to prevent many diseases. There are between 7 and 9 members. $267 per capita.[19]. 0000028163 00000 n The CHA Medical Group, under the leadership of internationally known fertility specialist Kwang Yul Cha, M.D., already owns and operates four acute care hospitals with … By 1694, 3 other religious hospitals had been constructed, including the Hôtel-Dieu in Montréal, and in 1819 and 1829, respectively, general hospitals were opened in Montréal and York [Toronto]. These are usually individual state funded. Based in Kennesaw, Ga., VPI carries 1,500 SKUs in any given quarter, including medications, according to its president, Bob MacDonald. - Hospitals in the territory of the Slovak Republic (general hospitals, specialty hospitals, sanatoriums - i.e. The Spanish public health system is universal: anyone in need of medical care can apply for it, even those who are not affiliated to the Spanish Social Security and who, in case of need, can go to the emergency room for treatment. The next level of care would be district hospitals which have General Practitioners and basic radiographs. 0000027495 00000 n Courtesy of Isinnova. The reliability and approachability of doctors and staff in private hospitals have resulted in preference of people from the public to private health centers. Since the SARS crisis in 2003, the Chinese authorities have undertaken health system reforms and health insurance revival. Life expectancy rose from 35 years in 1949 to 65.86 years in 1978. So we assure you will find all Hospitals in Turin (City) at a glance. 0000005912 00000 n Here are 23 things that will get you in trouble in the land of la dolce vita.. 1. The Spanish national healthcare system covers almost every Spanish. There was also a « wage freeze » and budgetary constraints. 0000027445 00000 n University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden 1,295 www.uniklinikum-dresden.de: University Hospital of Düsseldorf: Düsseldorf 1,303 www.uniklinik-duesseldorf.de: Uniklinik RWTH Aachen Aachen 1,517 Universitätsklinikum Würzburg Würzburg 1,438 Universitätsklinikum Bonn Bonn 1,237 $4,508 per capita.[22]. Those services are increasingly provided by private sector. hospitals providing long-term care for the chronically ill and hospitals providing rehabilitation and related services to physically challenged or disabled people). So whether you disagree or not, better be careful if you're headed to Italy on vacation. RESSARCIMENTO DE DESPESAS MÉDICAS PARTICULARES. Commissioning has also been extended to the very lowest level enabling GPs who identify a need in their community to commission services to meet that need. So, the purpose of public hospital in France is to heal everyone, participate in public health actions, participate in university teaching and research, … It must guarantee equal access for all to health care. [16], According to the World Health Organization, in 2014, total expenditure on health reached 5.5% of GDP, i.e. 0000025685 00000 n The "poor house" also provided secondarily medical care, specifically during epidemics. Some costs, however (pathology, X-ray) may qualify for billing under Medicare. Hospital treatment can be provided in different types of hospitals: - General hospitals from the national health system: they provide care in different specialties (internal medicine, general medicine, paediatrics, radiology, orthopaedics, obstetrics and gynaecology, etc.). Community Healthcare Trust files for a $144 million IPO originally appeared on IPO investment manager Renaissance Capital's web site renaissancecapital.com. This new phase was highlighted by the private physicians providing care to patients outside their private practices into inpatient hospital settings. $5,182 per capita.[23]. 0000001698 00000 n The York hospital had been built several years earlier but had been used as a temporary home for the government after Upper Canada's parliament buildings burn… Patients do not pay for the care they receive. As cities and hospitals across the globe are overrun with coronavirus patients, the acute shortage of medical equipment has been the biggest problem. The Bank of China now owns five major banks in Italy… all of which had been secretly (and illegally) propped up by Renzi using pilfered pension funds! [5][6] The largest public hospital system in the U.S. is NYC Health + Hospitals. Hospitals contracted by the SSN allow the patient's care to be paid for. In some countries, this type of hospital provides medical care free of charge to patients, covering expenses and wages by government reimbursement. [37], Repercussions of accumulated uncompensated care, DURAND-DROUHIN, Jean-Louis “La santé en Chine” dans “Les Tribunes de la santé” 2011/1 (n°30), page 87, Marketing Chine, Feb 26, 2020 “Le marché de la santé en Chine : 130 milliards d’euros”, Last edited on 27 November 2020, at 19:02, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Health insurance coverage in the United States, Northern Norway Regional Health Authority, South-eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, "ADMINISTRATIVO. In Canada all hospitals are funded through Medicare, Canada's publicly funded universal health insurance system and operated by the provincial governments. They are located in urban zones. $3,377 per capita.[36]. People without Social Security and without the European Health Insurance Card must pay for health care. Government or public hospitals were more likely to offer relatively unprofitable medical services. To receive care in hospital you must have a prescription for a general practitioner except in case of emergency. [12] Much research has proven the increase in uninsured and Medicaid enrollment entwined to unmet needs for disproportionate share subsidies to be associated with the challenges faced by public hospitals to maintain their financial viability as they compete with the private sector for paying patients. Hospital beds per 1,000 population in Italy 2014-2017 Number of hospital beds in Sweden 2009-2019, by sector Number of hospital beds per 100,000 inhabitants Japan 2010-2019 According to the World Health Organization, in 2014, total expenditure on health reached 10.4% of GDP, i.e. According to the World Health Organization, in 2014, total expenditure on health reached 11.3% of GDP, i.e. 1126 0 obj <>stream It is consulted on the principal projects and plays an evaluation role; - The « technical committee » is the body of representing of the non-medical staff; - The « Health, safety and working conditions » committee. For most German patients, the cost of hospital treatment is taken care of by the compulsory general social security health insurance. - National reference centres specialized in specific pathologies. 0000026697 00000 n Fast Facts on U.S. The patients point of entry usually is through primary health care (Clinics) usually run by nurses. Maximum care hospitals - big institutions, usually more than 1000 beds, mostly university hospitals with comprehensive spectrum, responsible for research and training as well as hospital treatment. 0000004771 00000 n 0000028729 00000 n Patients who are not members of the social security health scheme generally have to pay their o… 0000004911 00000 n 0000026376 00000 n The Holy See is the organization that owns the Vatican, i.e. In 2020, with the coronavirus crisis, we can see a health crisis. Healthcare spending in Italy accounted for 9.2% of GDP in 2012 (about $3,200 per capita), slightly lower than the average of 9.3% in OECD countries. The urban public hospitals are often associated with medical schools. In Portugal, three systems work together to provide health care. To put into practice the demands of the Flexner Report published in 1910, public hospitals later benefited from the best medical care technology to hire full-time staff members,[5] instruct medical and nursing students during the "academic period". J6��7�#,"��ˢr��q�t�wp��przlF�2η��_e��?��:F��D4�Dn��C��w�XZ�=,�H�".��X�~�x%h�V{�L��P:��]v�ν��&�%J��Ҋ4/��7\|� ��SzbJ�#�?zl��,�P��o�ܠ��B�K��J�[�4��U� ��J� _:S6�"m�o�@TI�;��t��w��?�3�� Almost 5,000 people are in hospitals, more than 750 … In February 2010, sixteen hospitals in sixteen different cities were designated to test this comprehensive reform. 0000027808 00000 n [13] The provision of good quality ambulatory specialty care for these uninsured and Medicaid enrolled patients has particularly been a challenge for many urban public hospitals. This article does not cite any sources. Currently, many urban public hospitals in the U.S. playing the role of safety-net hospitals, which do not turn away the under insured and uninsured such as the vulnerable ethnic minorities,[9] may charge Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurers for the care of patients. Private patients either have healthcare insurance, known as medical aid, or have to pay the full amount privately if uninsured. 0000024756 00000 n Public hospital is mainly financed by employees contributions and health insurance. 0000029191 00000 n Because of the welfare state, both hospitals and dispensaries are public. $731 per capita.[17]. xref The system is comprised of more than 1,200 hospital beds and over 4,000 credentialed providers offering cardiovascular care, cancer care, orthopedics … Hospitals are inclined to outsource any service that is not related to the basic patient care. 0000028408 00000 n On average physician services receive approximately 15% of provincial health funding, while hospitals get around 35%. 0000029142 00000 n 0000005103 00000 n 0000025814 00000 n • The fees of a private hospital are higher than that of a public hospital. Europe is home to many world-class hospitals, private clinics, leading doctors and specialist professional medical treatment. the smallest independent city-state in the world. Over the last 46 years, NMC has earned the trust of millions, thanks to its personalized care, genuine concern and a sincere commitment to the overall well-being of … Urbanization and the abandonment of the countryside mean that 80% of medical resources are located in cities. In Italy, the health system is organised by the National Health Service (SSN, Servizio Sanitario Nazionale) but the management of the health care system is done at the regional level by Regional Health Agencies working with Local Health Authorities (ASL, Azienda Sanitaria Locale). Before 1300, for example, the town of Siena built an institution that differed from the Hôtel-Dieu of Paris in that it maintained on its staff a … That makes for only 18.8 ventilators per 100,000 people. But, while investing largely in the U.S., the Vatican was sufficiently astute to invest a good portion of the Lateran compensation in Italy itself. $2,690 per capita.[33]. The next level of care would be Regional hospitals which have general practitioners, specialists and ICU's, and CT SCANS. $1,148 per capita. Despite this scenario, some patients were able to successfully sue the government for full SUS coverage for procedures performed in non-public facilities.[1]. 0000028872 00000 n Health care facilities are largely owned and operated by private sector businesses. These include Germany’s university hospitals. In India, public hospitals (called Government Hospitals) provide health care free at the point of use for any Indian citizen. It has been a problem during the coronavirus crisis because public hospital has been needed more than never. 0000027043 00000 n Provincial health plans aim to cover wide area of medical services and procedures, from hospital records to nutritional care. Hospital funding in Canada follows provincial health plans and hospitals are required by law to operate within their budgets. The system provides universal coverage to all patients, including emergency care, preventive medicine, diagnostic procedures, surgeries (except cosmetic procedures) and medicine necessary to treat their condition. For this reason, these "poor houses" were later known as "pest" houses. The safety-net role of public hospitals has evolved since 1700s when the first U.S. public hospital sheltered and provided medical healthcare to the poor. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources.Unsourced material may be challenged and removed October 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) The construction and operation of hospitals and health clinics are also a responsibility of the government. The article Who owns your hospital? 0000026920 00000 n And there was not enough beds to cope with the huge amount of sick people. In 2014, the government announced it would allow wholly foreign-owned hospitals, up from a maximum of 70% foreign ownership previously. Italy’s national health plan (Servizio Sanitario Nazionale), provides for hospital and medical benefits. Doctors Hospital of Riverside LLC, an affiliate of AHMC Healthcare Inc., completed its acquisition of Parkview Community Hospital as of July 1, 2019. Prevention, That includes hospital security, maintenance of information systems, catering service, record keeping. They are attached to a hospital department and a university department, usually within a research laboratory. [8] Until the late 20th century, public hospitals represented the "poor house" that undertook social welfare roles. Even though hospitals are mostly funded by taxpayers, some hospitals, as well as medical research facilities, receive charitable donations. Revealed: How rip off car parks are making hospitals millions. The reception structures correspond to Western dispensaries or hospitals. However, given budget constraints, these services are often unavailable in the majority of the country with the exception of major metropolitan regions, and even in those cities access to complex procedures may be delayed because of long lines. The French health care system is one of universal health care largely financed by government national health insurance.In its 2000 assessment of world health care systems, the World Health Organization found that France provided the "best overall health care" in the world. 63 relating to Patients' Rights (the Patients' Rights Act)", https://www.cleiss.fr/docs/systemes-de-sante/portugal.html, https://www.cleiss.fr/docs/systemes-de-sante/espagne.html, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Public_hospital&oldid=991001150, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 27 November 2020, at 19:02. 23% of emergency care, 63% of burn care and 40% of trauma care are handled by public hospitals in the urban cities of the United States. 0000025105 00000 n German healthcare system consists of public hospitals (55 percent of total hospitals), voluntary charitable hospitals (38 percent of total hospitals) and private hospitals (7 percent of total hospitals). 0000025264 00000 n Health care, Most hospitals are either owned by a charitable foundation, non-profit corporation or a religious organization. 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__label__cc	0.63729	0.36271	Home University of Southern California Dissertations and Theses Page 9 Save page Remove page Previous 9 of 427 Next In October 2009, five pale, blood-stained teenagers sat on a curb in Newhall, California. They were not crime victims nor movie extras. Rather, these teens were “zombies,” waiting to participate in a Zombie Walk. These events, where groups of people dressed as zombies lumber through the streets, have been happening globally since 2001 and entice up to several thousand participants for each walk. Zombies are familiar characters in comic books, video games, television and film, but with thousands of people dressing as zombies and taking to the streets, it becomes clear that the kinds of work zombies do in U.S. culture provides insight into how we approach death, try to diffuse its potency, and use it to make political interventions into everyday life. Zombies are critical repositories of social fears and desires related to capitalist wage slavery, race, gender, and the political power of the masses, and as such, they demonstrate how representations and performances of death, in widely different forms, have served remarkably consistent functions in the United States throughout the past two centuries. This project seeks to show that the zombie, as a creature of both/and—both slave and master, both living and dead, both black and white—is often positioned as that which invades the normative space of the living, a space that is generally conceived of in terms of whiteness, patriarchy, and heterosexuality. In forcing those who exist in this space to face a being who can encompasses both their ideals and that which their society rejects, Full text Abstract In October 2009, five pale, blood-stained teenagers sat on a curb in Newhall, California. They were not crime victims nor movie extras. Rather, these teens were “zombies,” waiting to participate in a Zombie Walk. These events, where groups of people dressed as zombies lumber through the streets, have been happening globally since 2001 and entice up to several thousand participants for each walk. Zombies are familiar characters in comic books, video games, television and film, but with thousands of people dressing as zombies and taking to the streets, it becomes clear that the kinds of work zombies do in U.S. culture provides insight into how we approach death, try to diffuse its potency, and use it to make political interventions into everyday life. Zombies are critical repositories of social fears and desires related to capitalist wage slavery, race, gender, and the political power of the masses, and as such, they demonstrate how representations and performances of death, in widely different forms, have served remarkably consistent functions in the United States throughout the past two centuries. This project seeks to show that the zombie, as a creature of both/and—both slave and master, both living and dead, both black and white—is often positioned as that which invades the normative space of the living, a space that is generally conceived of in terms of whiteness, patriarchy, and heterosexuality. In forcing those who exist in this space to face a being who can encompasses both their ideals and that which their society rejects, ix	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line21
__label__wiki	0.667928	0.667928	Firenze, Paul. “Spirit Photography: How Early Spiritualists Tried to Save Religion by Using Science.” Skeptic 11.2 (2004): 70-78. Flanagan, Owen and Thomas Polger. “Zombies and the Function of Consciousness.” Journal of Consciousness Studies 2 (1995): 313-321. Florida, University of. “ZOMBIE ATTACK Disaster Preparedness Simulation Exercise #5 (DR5).” PDF, n.d. Accessed on October 1, 2009. https://lss.at.ufl.edu/services/reports/cms/zbsd_exercise.pdf. Floyd, Randall. “‘Zombie’ Attacks are Part of Caribbean Tradition.” The Augusta Chronicle (June 4, 2000): F2. Foner, Eric. Reconstruction:America’s Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877. New York: Harper Collins, 2002. Foster, Gwendolyn Audrey. Performing Whiteness: Postmodern Re/Constructions in the Cinema. New York: SUNY Press, 2003. Fournier, Arthur M. The Zombie Curse: A Doctor’s 25-year Journey into the Heart of the AIDS Epidemic in Haiti. Washington, D.C.: Joseph Henry Press, 2006. Freedberg, David. The Power of Images: Studies in the History and Theory of Response. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989. Freedman, Samuel G. “Myths Obscure Voodoo, Source of Comfort in Haiti.” The New York Times (February 20, 2010). Accessed on August 7, 2010. The New York Times online archive. Freud, Sigmund. The Uncanny. Trans. David McLintock. 1899. Reprint, New York: Penguin Books, 2003. Frick, Carolyn E. The Making of Haiti: The Saint Domingue Revolution from Below. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1990. Froude, James Anthony. The English in the West Indies, or The Bow of Ulysses. London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1888. Full text 394 Firenze, Paul. “Spirit Photography: How Early Spiritualists Tried to Save Religion by Using Science.” Skeptic 11.2 (2004): 70-78. Flanagan, Owen and Thomas Polger. “Zombies and the Function of Consciousness.” Journal of Consciousness Studies 2 (1995): 313-321. Florida, University of. “ZOMBIE ATTACK Disaster Preparedness Simulation Exercise #5 (DR5).” PDF, n.d. Accessed on October 1, 2009. https://lss.at.ufl.edu/services/reports/cms/zbsd_exercise.pdf. Floyd, Randall. “‘Zombie’ Attacks are Part of Caribbean Tradition.” The Augusta Chronicle (June 4, 2000): F2. Foner, Eric. Reconstruction:America’s Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877. New York: Harper Collins, 2002. Foster, Gwendolyn Audrey. Performing Whiteness: Postmodern Re/Constructions in the Cinema. New York: SUNY Press, 2003. Fournier, Arthur M. The Zombie Curse: A Doctor’s 25-year Journey into the Heart of the AIDS Epidemic in Haiti. Washington, D.C.: Joseph Henry Press, 2006. Freedberg, David. The Power of Images: Studies in the History and Theory of Response. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989. Freedman, Samuel G. “Myths Obscure Voodoo, Source of Comfort in Haiti.” The New York Times (February 20, 2010). Accessed on August 7, 2010. The New York Times online archive. Freud, Sigmund. The Uncanny. Trans. David McLintock. 1899. Reprint, New York: Penguin Books, 2003. Frick, Carolyn E. The Making of Haiti: The Saint Domingue Revolution from Below. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1990. Froude, James Anthony. The English in the West Indies, or The Bow of Ulysses. London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1888.	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line22
__label__cc	0.72575	0.27425	Dating statistics united states 27.2% of women and 11.7% of men have experienced unwanted sexual contact (by any perpetrator).[vii]One in 6 women (16.2%) and 1 in 19 men (5.2%) in the United States have experienced stalking victimization at some point during their lifetime in which they felt very fearful or believed that they or someone close to them would be harmed or killed (by any perpetrator).[i]Repeatedly receiving unwanted telephone calls, voice, or text messages was the most commonly experienced stalking tactic for both female and male victims of stalking (78.8% for women and 75.9% for men).[iv]About 1 in 5 women and nearly 1 in 7 men who ever experienced rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner, first experienced some form of partner violence between 11 and 17 years of age.[ii]Most female and male victims of rape, physical violence, and/or stalking by an intimate partner (69% of female victims, 53% of male victims) experienced some form of intimate partner violence for the first time before 25 years of age.[vii]A survey of American employees found that 44% of full-time employed adults personally experienced domestic violence’s effect in their workplaces, and 21% identified themselves as victims of intimate partner violence.[iii]64% of the respondents in a 2005 survey who identified themselves as victims of domestic violence indicated that their ability to work was affected by the violence.More than half of domestic violence victims (57%) said they were distracted, almost half (45%) feared getting discovered, and two in five were afraid of their intimate partner’s unexpected visit (either by phone or in person).[iv]Nine in ten employees (91%) say that domestic violence has a negative impact on their company’s bottom line. As such, it is important for the public to have access to accurate, unbiased current and historical information about immigration. How many Hispanics in the United States are immigrants? The majority of Hispanics in the United States are native born. By compiling some of the most frequently requested facts and figures on U. immigration, this article answering questions such as: How many people immigrated to the country last year? How many immigrants enter the United States as refugees? How many unauthorized immigrants are there in the United States? What is the size of the Limited English Proficient population? Spanish speakers accounted for 64 percent (16.4 million) of the LEP population. In 2014, there were 25.7 million Limited English Proficient (LEP) individuals ages 5 and older, accounting for 9 percent of the 299.1 million U. The next two languages most commonly spoken by LEP individuals were Chinese (including Mandarin and Cantonese, 1.8 million, or 7 percent) and Vietnamese (864,000, or 3 percent). Together, immigrants from these ten countries represented close to 60 percent of the U. Italian-born immigrants made up 13 percent of the foreign born in 1960, followed by those born in Germany and Canada (about 10 percent each). In the 1960s no single country accounted for more than 15 percent of the total immigrant population. Race categories include both racial and national-origin groups. They include individuals who classified themselves in one of the specific Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino categories listed on the Census 2000 questionnaire—"Mexican, Mexican Am., Chicano," "Puerto Rican," or "Cuban"—as well as those who indicate that they are "other Spanish/Hispanic/Latino." Persons who indicated that they are "other Spanish/Hispanic/Latino" include those whose origins are from Spain, the Spanish-speaking countries of Central or South America, the Dominican Republic, or people who self-identify more generally as Spanish, Spanish-American, Hispanic, Hispano, Latino, and so on. In 2014, approximately 51 percent of immigrants were female. The share has fluctuated slightly during the past three decades; women accounted for 53 percent of immigrants in 1980, 51 percent in 1990, and 50 percent in 2000. India, closely trailed by China (including Hong Kong but not Taiwan), and the Philippines were the next largest countries of origin, accounting for about 5 percent each. who is peggy noonan dating angola azdg dating online sex dating in burtons bridge illinois martial arts and dating non subcribe dating websites tall person dating Cam chating cyber sex sex web Free online 1 on 1 cam sex chat Dating No sign up free sex profiles Privet sex web camchat is carbon dating erronious datingrussian orghome anniversary dating one present year	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line24
__label__wiki	0.89456	0.89456	The Top 12 Beatles Albums or: Ranking Those Which Deserve All My Loving Dan S. / January 7, 2010 Here’s the concept. I consider each of The Beatles’ twelve studio albums in their best form (i.e. their British releases) and rank them according to which albums I most want to listen to, end to end, right now. I’m ignoring the Yellow Submarine soundtrack (which most people like to pretend doesn’t exist) but including Help!, A Hard Day’s Night, and Magical Mystery Tour. 12. Let It Be (1970) With pretty much every Beatles album, you can logcially make a claim of perfection — or at least greatness that supercedes perfection. “Sure, The White Album is fractured and quirky, but its sprawl is so dizzying and compelling.” With Let It Be, there’s no “but…” in there that justifies just how gloppy and inconsistent it is. There are a few transcendent tracks. But there aren’t enough of them for Let It Be to lose the title of being my least favorite Beatles album. Why it’s not higher: The Long and Winding Road makes me nauseous. Only ten real songs. The only Beatles album that is unquestionably worse than the previous one, which makes it the only disappointment in their catalog. 11. Please Please Me (1963) What is so remarkable about Please Please Me is that it’s good. And that’s it. It’s not great (besides the three mandatory classics that should be on everyone’s iPod). It’s certainly not bad. It’s mostly remembered so fondly simply because it was The Beatles’ first album and because it’s not particularly objectionable. Why it’s not higher: Minus a few tracks, this is merely good early sixties pop. There’s impeccable craft, but the songs and the sound are just above average. Why it’s not lower: The title track. I Saw Her Standing There (“One two three FAH!”). Twist and Shout — which is the flukiest Beatles track ever because its charm is poor craft (John’s dying vocal chords). 10. Beatles for Sale (1964) There’s no such thing as an underrated Beatles album — remember that AllMusic has given its prestigious five-star designation to every album on this list except Let It Be — but if there were, Beatles For Sale would be the one. Its three opening tracks are probably the three darkest from the first half of The Beatles’ career, and they’re also quite good. The rest of the album doesn’t quite live up to the intro, with only a few exceptions. Then again, look at those exceptions: Eight Days a Week, I’ll Follow the Sun, and the most underrated of all Beatles tracks, What You’re Doing. Why it’s not higher: Too much folksy country filler, including the regrettable Mr. Moonlight. And there’s a Chuck Berry cover that reminds us that they’re just a bunch of white dudes. The album’s also a bit too long. Why it’s not lower: Awesome opening set. What You’re Doing. Consistently great harmonies and melodies and craft. 9. With The Beatles (1963) With The Beatles is kind of like The Godfather 2 to Please Please Me’s The Godfather. The good moments aren’t nearly as iconic. There’s no “leave the cannolis” (Please Please Me), no sleeping with the fishes (I Saw Her Standing There), and no horse head (Twist and Shout). But it’s smarter and richer and better executed and a few shades darker. Why it’s not higher: Still just straightforward pop. A small handful of forgettable tracks. Why it’s not lower: All My Loving is so great. One of my favorite songs ever. And it’s one of many great ones on With the Beatles. 8. Help! (1965) What do you get when you slap together, with no real cohesion or theme, two 10 out of 10 tracks (Help!, Yesterday), a 9 out of 10 (I’ve Just Seen a Face), and a large array of 8/10s? You get The Beatles’ eighth best album. There’s no real flow or feeling that this is anything more than a mixtape or soundtrack, but then every song is somewhere between quite good and perfect. It’s a bit frustrating, really. Why it’s not higher: Because it just feels like an uneven Greatest Hits album. No cohesion. Also, I’ll nitpick: there’s two dud songs, You Like Me Too Much and Tell Me What You See. Why it’s not lower: It pains me to put this at #8, because this is one of the most consistently good Beatles albums. It has Help! It has Yesterday. But it’s just not as fun or coherent or lasting as some of the other albums. 7. Magical Mystery Tour (1967) Magical Mystery Tour is just as disjointed as Help!, and it has a greater percentage of tracks that I skip over. So why is it ahead of Help? Because the songs that I don’t skip are peak Beatles. Psychedelic and bizarre in all of the good ways. They sound experimental, and each experiment is a success. Fool on the Hill. I Am the Walrus. Strawberry Fields Forever. All You Need Is Love. Why it’s not higher: A few too many duds and not enough unity. Why it’s not lower: Most bands would do terrible things to have a greatest hits album feature about six of these tracks, let alone one studio album. 6. The White Album (1968) The single most fascinating album ever released. If this album had never been released, and its concept was explained to music fans everywhere – a huge double album whose quirks effectively document every reason The Beatles were great but also every reason The Beatles self-destructed, filled with some of The Beatles’ alternately best and most polarizing tracks, including a small handful of masterpieces – it would be sheer fantasy. It would be like making up an album where Buddy Holly, Kurt Cobain, Ian Curtis, and Jeff Buckley rise from the dead to record together. But here The White Album is, and people still don’t fully get it. I know I don’t. I’m not even sure I like it sometimes. Yet I keep listening, keep hoping in vain that it will somehow piece together into something sensible and comprehensible. It won’t. Why it’s not higher: There are definitely some bad tracks. And there’s certainly too much going on; the loose ends tie up about as well as a bowl of spaghetti. The confusing thing is: nobody agrees what the bad tracks are, and some people think the album’s excesses are its greatest trait. Why it’s not lower: While My Guitar Gently Weeps, Back in the USSR, Blackbird, etc. Each just thrown off like simple exercises, when each would’ve been Best Track Ever for just about any other band. 5. Abbey Road (1969) There have been times in my life when I would have put Abbey Road at the top of this list. But I’ve just listened to it too much. It’s a bit too polished and clean. It aims to be more focused and less challenging than other Beatles albums; in turn, it’s an easier listen but an ultimately less satisfying one over the long term. Still, even after all of these spins, it still goes down so smoothly and delightfully, and some of the tracks are all-time keepers. Why it’s not higher: It’s over-familiar at this point, not as deep as some of the Beatles’ other works, and there aren’t quite enough mysteries to unravel. Why it’s not lower: One great song after another: Come Together. Something. Oh! Darling. Here Comes the Sun. Because. The Medley… Should I keep going, or do you want to just look up the track list yourself? Plus it has a pleasant, professional polish to it. It’s cohesive and guitar-driven. 4. Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band (1967) The first time I listened to The Beatles’ discography straight through, the moment I decided that The Beatles were unquestionably the greatest band of all time was ten seconds into When I’m Sixty Four, when the chamber hall band is just bouncing around before the verses start. It’s not the most remarkable moment for the band — in fact, it’s not even close to the most remarkable moment on the album — yet it’s an extremely confident and unique touch. It sounds like nothing else in rock and roll, but it feels immediately familiar. It’s a nice microcosm of what makes Sgt. Pepper’s so great. Why it’s not higher: The songs, on a whole, just aren’t quite as good as the ones on other albums. For every A Day in the Life – which may require that you change underpants following the first time you listen to it – there’s a Good Morning Good Morning, which is only decent as a composition once you strip away the soundscape wizardry. Why it’s not lower: No album sounds better. Sgt. Peppers is kaleidoscopic, psychedelic, intricate, beautiful, daunting, terrifying, mystifying — insert any adjective which implies that it evokes a powerful response. 3. A Hard Day’s Night (1964) Putting it above The White Album and Sgt. Pepper’s will pass as heresy in some circles, but you read the introduction, right? What do I most want to listen to, right now? A Hard Day’s Night fits comfortably in third place. It’s just… perfect. I don’t know; maybe I use that word too lightly. But if you were to ask me what the prototypical rock album is, I’d burn you a copy of this. It has the rockers, the ballads, the album tracks, the consistency and variety. It gels together as if made by skilled craftsmen, but it flows with hooks and ideas that come from burgeoning artists. I have no complaints. Why it’s not higher: Because, as flawless as it is, it’s still not The Beatles’ greatest album. Why it’s not lower: No bad tracks and lots of great ones. No covers, only Lennon-McCartney. True cohesion. The greatest album-opening guitar chord of all time. 2. Revolver (1966) I couldn’t have said it better than this, so I’ll just borrow the ending from Stephen Thomas Erlewine’s review: The biggest miracle of Revolver may be that the Beatles covered so much new stylistic ground and executed it perfectly on one record, or it may be that all of it holds together perfectly. Either way, its daring sonic adventures and consistently stunning songcraft set the standard for what pop/rock could achieve. Even after Sgt. Pepper, Revolver stands as the ultimate modern pop album and it’s still as emulated as it was upon its original release. Why it’s not higher: Revolver might be the consensus greatest Beatles album (if Rolling Stone re-did its poll of writers and musicians post-remaster, after everyone has listened to all of the albums again, I bet Revolver would win #1 this time, not Sgt. Pepper’s), but it’s not my favorite. Why it’s not lower: Few albums are as bold and perfectly balanced at the same time. It launched a dozen genres of music. It’s artistically significant without being pretentious. Simply, it’s a true pleasure and watershed album. 1. Rubber Soul (1965) If I have a consistent complaint with The Beatles’ releases from Revolver through The White Album, it’s that too often the tremendous displays of sound and style distract from the songs themselves. But here, I have no such complaints. Even the boldest tracks here — Michelle and Norwegian Wood — just come across and rich and powerful instead of experimental. It’s convenient that the last Beatles album to focus more on the songs themselves — instead of the way the songs sound — happens to feature the band’s best set of tracks. I’d be hard pressed to name an album by anyone with a set of songs I like more. Here are the highlights: Drive My Car, Nowhere Man, In My Life, Norwegian Wood, Michelle, Girl, The Word, Think For Yourself… and so on. One underrated feature of Rubber Soul? The song lengths. Every track is between 2:00 and 3:30. They don’t miss a beat — their greatness is concentrated down into something infinitely satisfying. There have been great songs throughout the years — The Police’s “Every Breath You Take” and No Doubt’s “Don’t Speak” come to mind — that actually seem worse because they’re about a minute longer than they need to be. They wear out their welcome. Rubber Soul gives you exactly what you need. No more, no less. Why it’s not lower: The understated sound, but moreso, the songs. An album is only as good as its songs, and Rubber Soul has the best of them. If you enjoyed reading this, please stick around and check out some of our other classic rock features, such as our list of The Top 100 Billy Joel Songs. January 7, 2010 in Music. Tags: Beatles, dan, feature Dan’s Top 100 Everything: #4 Bruce Springsteen Adam Schlesinger: In Memoriam Song of the Day: “Fall Wind” by Hayashi Aozora ← Joy Division – Don’t walk away in silence… Invictus: No sense of the moment → 7 thoughts on “The Top 12 Beatles Albums or: Ranking Those Which Deserve All My Loving” Coconut Harry says: FYI – it was John Lennon’s dyeing vocal chords on “Twist and Shout”. Thanks for the heads up, typo’s been fixed — Dan Yea.. that wasn’t Paul, that was John. Also that pic aint the beatles….its ME 🙂 me: that pic is not the beatles . admin: it is, you know.. me: but ive seen them , they lived in my house .. Dan S. says: So I just took a close look at the picture and realized that “paul” and “George” (if those are your real names) were correct, and I feel like an idiot. The picture was not actually The Beatles. I found a new picture and changed it. -Dan Pingback: Once in a Lifetime: 12.12.12 « Adelle's Blog Robert Spinello says: I’ve been listening to these since they were released in the U.S. in the 80s and Ive been listening to the American LPs of Beatles for 45 years so my opinion is valid. Pepper is not their best effort. If it contained Penny Lane and Strawberry Fields (recorded during the Pepper sessions) it would be number 2) Also Let it Be was kept in the can a year.- doesn’t deserve a top spot. Neither does Abbey Road with almost a full side of unfinished songs disguised as a medley. Beatles For Sale deserves a better spot. They showed much growth in this period. 1) Revolver 2) Rubber Soul 3) Pepper 4) White Album 5) Abbey Road 6) A Hard Day’s Night 7) Help 8) Magical Mystery Tour 9) Beatles For Sale 10) Let it Be 11) With The Beatles 12) Please Please Me 13) Yellow Submarine	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line26
__label__wiki	0.861535	0.861535	Protestants – one of the most pro-Ukrainian groups in the Donbas Pastor Sergey Kosyak at an interfaith prayer marathon with his son, praying for the unity of Ukraine 2016/03/25 - 11:24 • International, More, War in the Donbas Edited by: A. N. Moscow commentators have focused on what they view as the anti-Russian activities of the Kyiv Patriarchate of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church and the Uniates, but it turns out, several observers say, that one of the most pro-Ukrainian and thus anti-Russian groups in the Donbas are leaders and members of Protestant denominations there. There are some 20,000 Protestants in eastern Ukraine, Yekaterina Shapoval writes, who actively support the territorial integrity of Ukraine by directly supporting Ukrainian forces, providing humanitarian assistance to the population, helping people to evacuate, and tearing down statues of Lenin. In Shapoval’s words, “the Protestants in the East have turned out to be one of the most patriotic social groups,” something that experts say is “not accidental.” Mikhail Cherenkov, a professor at the Ukrainian Catholic University and himself a Protestant, notes that “the Donbas was always the most Protestant region in Ukraine.” A major contributing factor was that during the Soviet period, people from across the USSR came to work in that Ukrainian region. As a result of intermixing, “the level of traditional Orthodox religiosity was lower than in the rest of Ukraine,” according to Kirill Govorun, a former senior hierarch of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate. And when the region went into a deep depression in the 1990s, the number of Ukrainians who turned to Protestantism grew significantly. When the Ukrainian economy improved in the first years of this century, Cherenkov says, many of those who had done so turned away from the Protestant denominations. During the course of 2014 alone, the pro-Moscow militants killed seven Protestant pastors, seized 40 church activists, and confiscated the buildings and land of 12 religious communities. Indeed, he suggests, the chief “misfortune of Ukrainian Protestantism” is that it experiences the greatest growth when times are tough. Russian intervention has thus produced an increase in the number of people in the Donbas who are participating in Protestant groups and an increase in the activity of them and their church leaders in order to help defend Ukraine against Russian intervention and Moscow-sponsored secession. Pro-Moscow forces have acted in ways that have contributed to the growth of pro-Ukrainian Protestantism in the east: During the course of 2014 alone, the pro-Moscow militants killed seven Protestant pastors, seized 40 church activists, and confiscated the buildings and land of 12 religious communities. Protestant pastor Sergey Kosyak after being tortured by Putin’s mercenaries in the Russia-occupied territory of Ukraine. The pro-Moscow militants operated on the principle, Petr Dudnik, the pastor of the Church of the Good News, that “there is only one true faith, Russian Orthodoxy, and all the rest, is an American faith. This means that we are accomplices of the US.” Dudnik, Shapoval points out, is “a legendary figure” in the Donbas. When the pro-Moscow militants occupied Slavyansk, he led 4,000 Ukrainians out of the line of fire; and later, he and his parishioners did the same for another 12,000 Ukrainians from Debaltsevo, Donetsk, Luhansk, and Horlivka. But it is not just the bestiality of pro-Moscow forces that is leading to a growth in Protestant activism in eastern Ukraine, Shapoval says. It is also the fact that Protestants see the spread of Russian power in the region as heralding the return of “the ‘red dragon’ – Stalin, Lenin, and the entire Soviet-communist horror” under which they suffered in the past. Lenin’s monument, largest in Ukraine, taken down in Kharkiv. Their anti-Sovietism is clearly in evidence, the Ukrainian journalist says, in their active involvement in efforts to tear down statues to Lenin and other Soviet leaders. In many cases, it has been Protestants who have taken the lead in these efforts. There are also many Protestants in the Ukrainian forces in the region, and their Protestantism reinforces their commitment to defend their country against Russia. As one of them tells Shapoval, Christianity does require turning the other cheek, “but when one is talking about war, there is nothing like that” in the Bible. “An enemy who can kill you or bring harm must be destroyed,” he says. Protestants persecuted in rebel-held Luhansk Evangelical Protestants in Ukraine and their emigre churches often pro-Russian, Ukrainian religious expert says Statement of heads of Evangelical Protestant Churches of Ukraine on religious persecution in the Donets and Luhansk Oblasts The Church in the Bloodlands War and Ukraine’s religious communities One year ago I was kidnapped, tortured, and… let go! Tags: Donbas war (2014-present), international, Protestant, religion Paul A. Goble Paul Goble is a longtime specialist on ethnic and religious questions in Eurasia. He has served as director of research and publications at the Azerbaijan Diplomatic Academy, vice dean for the social sciences and humanities at Audentes University in Tallinn, and a senior research associate at the EuroCollege of the University of Tartu in Estonia. Earlier he has served in various capacities in the U.S. State Department, the Central Intelligence Agency and the International Broadcasting Bureau as well as at the Voice of America and Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty and at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Euromaidan Press republishes the work of Paul Goble with permission from his blog Windows on Eurasia. » International, More, War in the Donbas » Protestants – one of the most... Moscow expanding its cyber war against Ukraine Next Post: Aidar soldier dies in U.S. after 15-month fight for life Largest-yet report on Ukraine invasion documents Russian army... Donbas without water: The ecology of the east... Conflict conservation in Ukraine’s east follows the Transnistria... The toxic myth of “understanding and engaging” Russia	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line30
__label__wiki	0.847188	0.847188	Castle Green Independent Chapel (Demolished) Bristol, Castle Green Methodist New Connexion Chapel Bristol, Independent Chapel (Welsh) (Demolished) Bristol, Former Friends Meeting House Bristol, St Peter's Church (Ruins) Bristol, St Philip & St Jacob's Church ("Pip'n'Jay") St Paul, Bristol, The Whitefield Tabernacle (Demolished) St Philip, Bristol, Mission Chapel (Demolished) St Paul, Bristol, Peoples Bethel Mission (Demolished) St Paul, Bristol, Old King Street Baptist Chapel (Demolished) Bristol, St Matthias on the Weir Church (Demolished) Bristol, St Bartholow's Church (Demolished) Bristol, John Wesley's Chapel ("The New Room") Place of Worship has been Demolished. Castle Green Independent Chapel (Demolished), Bristol Castle Green Independent Chapel (Demolished), Castle Green, Bristol, Gloucestershire. This Place of Worship was founded in 1640, but we understand it was closed in 1901. The congregation of the former Castle Green Independent Chapel (later Congregational) is credited as being the oldest in the City. John Latimer, on pp.150-151 of his Annals of Bristol in the Seventeenth Century (1900) records the year 1640 as "locally notable for the first open secession from the Church of England... One day... a farmer of Stapleton, a butcher of Lawford's Gate, a farrier of Wine Street, and a young minister named Bacon, living in Lewin's Mead, met together in Broad Street, at the house of Mr. Hazard, the incumbent of St. Ewen's and St. Mary Redcliff ... it was agreed after grave deliberation to separate from the worship of the world, and to go no more to the services set down in the Book of Common Prayer". His first reference to Castle Green Chapel is on p.370, when "on February 10th [1675], [Bishop] Carleton, four parsons, two Aldermen and some military officers, with a noisy rabble, surrounded Castle Green Chapel whilst service was proceeding, arrested the minister, John Thompson, a Master of Arts of Oxford". The Bishop, acting as prosecutor, committed him to gaol for six months, but Newgate was rarely free from epidemics, arising from the foulness of the cells", and he died there on March 4th. This building appears to have been superseded by a later Chapel, as on p.388 "the Corporation, in September, 1678, granted to Ichabod Chauncy, a professor of physic and a prominent Dissenter, a lease for four lives of a piece of void ground in Castle Green at a rent of £2 6s. 8d. A new chapel for the congregation worshipping in that locality was soon afterwards erected on part of this site". According to Non-Conformist Chapels and Meeting Houses, Gloucestershire (1986), in its description of Brunswick Chapel, it was rebuilt in 1815. Its position is shown on Maps prior to 1900 on the south side of Castle Green, in a block bounded on the west by Cock & Bottle Lane, on the south by Castle Street, and on the east by Tower Street. It was closed in 1901, when a new Church was opened in Greenbank, and demolished shortly after. Note that there were two Tower Streets in Bristol at this time. The other was in the Temple area, and still exists, whereas the one mentioned above has been cleared, and lies under Castle Park, its line, perhaps following the line of one of the southern entrances to the park. Two further sources of information are available, firstly Phil Draper's ChurchCrawler website, which includes old photographs, and secondly, sketches in the Loxton Collection in Bristol Reference Library (E453 & E454), for which see Bristol - Pinpoint Local Information. The exterior is shown as a two-storey building with a three bay front, and a pediment above the central doorway, whilst the view of interior is similar to the photograph on Phil's site, where he notes that the white ironwork in front of the altar was preserved in the new building in Greenbank. Now or formerly Independent/Congregational. This Chapel was located at OS grid reference ST5930573148. You can see this on various mapping systems. Note all links open in a new window: Castle Green Independent Chapel (Demolished), Bristol shown on a Google Map. Places of Worship in Bristol shown on a Google Map. I have found many websites of use whilst compiling the information for this database. Here are some which deserve mention as being of special interest for Bristol, and perhaps to Local History and Places of Worship as a whole. The Church officiando's “Bible” - Phil Draper's ChurchCrawler website - photographs, and well-researched details, Bristol a speciality! (verified 2018-10-16) The “Google Maps Experience” for the past - Bristol - Pinpoint Local Information - if you have an interest in Bristol, this site allows you to explore it from 1750 onwards to the present day… (verified 2018-11-11) Information last updated on 23 Feb 2014 at 14:39. This Report was created 13 Jan 2021 - 19:06:39 GMT from information held in the Gloucestershire section of the Places of Worship Database. This was last updated on 14 Jun 2019 at 13:31. URL of this page: http://churchdb.gukutils.org.uk/GLS1619.php	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line35
__label__cc	0.50628	0.49372	Two South American Wines Los Vascos Cabernet Sauvignon Colchagua, Chile 2005 The most distinguishing thing about this cabernet is that its label reads "Domaines Barons De Rothschild (Lafite)" at the top. At first glance I somehow assumed this meant I was drinking genuine Chateau Lafite Rothschild. When I actually had a sip however, I knew this could not be Old World wine. I re-checked the label and, indeed, at the very bottom in light gray microscopic print it reads "Produced by Vina Los Vascos - Peralillo - Chile." Apparently this is a wine estate in Chile owned by the Lafite Rothschild domaine in France. In this case, they get an A+ for clever branding, and probably sell a good deal of this wine simply because it bears the Rothschild name. And right that they should sell a lot of it, because the wine itself is quite surprising for a young, Chilean cabernet. Its most distinct feature is a strong aroma of pepper--not the spice, but the vegetable--which follows through onto the tongue, giv Don't See "Juno" Movie Review: Juno By: Grant Catton This isn't a movie review, so much as it is a movie warning: don't see Juno . This probably flies in the face of everything you've been hearing on the street. Yes, people do seem to be "raving" about this film for some reason. In fact I just came back from the video store where people were aghast when I told them I thought the film sucked. I asked them why they liked it, no one could tell me for sure. They seem to have been duped into the same mainstream-indy movie reverie that Little Miss Sunshine induced in viewers (yes, I hated that movie too). But I'll get to that later. Since no one can tell me exactly why they liked Juno , I'll explain to you why I didn't. For starters, it had no dramatic tension, and none of the film's themes or characters were developed to any appreciable degree. If all that sounds a little too nebulous, read below... Brief Synopsis (With Plot Spoilers) The film is about Juno, a Congress Overrides Bush Veto Just as soon as I got done lamenting the fact that Congress--more specifically, the Democrats--can't get anything done, they accomplish something extremely difficult, and which has so far not been done to George W. Bush; they overrode his veto. The vote was on a Bill to authorize $23 billion in improvements to the nation's water-related infrastructure. Bush apparently opposed it because he felt it contained too many unnecesary projects. That's a fair enough reason to oppose it, I guess, but given that the projects involved repairs to levees, dams, beaches, and sewage systems--as well as money for hurricane damaged areas in the Gulf Coast--I would be curious to see exactly which ones he considered unnecesary. The override vote was reportedly 351 to 54 in the House, and 79-14 in the Senate, meaning a serious load of Republicans joined in. I'm not well-informed enough to expound at length on the possible ramifications of this, and I'm not optimistic enough to hope th Town Hall Meeting on the War in Iraq Last night, a so-called Town Hall meeting was held in my neighborhood in Brooklyn. This was organized by the Central Brooklyn Independant Democrats, one of various Democratic party organizations in the area. Three U.S. Congressional Representatives from New York City were there; Yvette Clark, Jerrold Nadler, and Anthony Weiner, along with other state and local politicians, even the former U.S. Congressman from the district, Major Owens. Each politician was allowed to say a few words about the war in Iraq and what could possibly be done to stop it and pull out U.S. troops. Then, the Congressmen took questions from the audience. Despite a few outbursts of angry boos and catcalls, the event remained fairly civilized, and the politicians were allowed to speak their minds and answer the questions without disruption. I went into the meeting with an unbiased (I'd like to think) attitude, and I came away with the following impressions... 1.) Despite having a majority in the House and Se Movie Review: Into the Wild Movie Review and Commentary: Into the Wild Synopsis (with ending spoiler): Into the Wild is a movie adapted from the book of the same title, by John Krakauer, and it is a true story. The main character is Chris McCandless, an American college graduate who is determined to live a life of adventure. Immediately after graduating college, Chris gives his life's savings to charity and sets out for the Western U.S. He soon abandons his car, burns what little pocket money he brought with him, and sets out on foot. The movie depicts the adventures Chris experienced in two years on the road with no vehicle, no identification, and virtually no money. The film is not completely chronolgical, however, and cuts back and forth between these adventures on the road, and those he experienced during final phase of his journey; his time spent living in a bus in the Alaskan wilderness. The film includes a voice-over by the main character, as well as that of his confused and hurt younger sister, A-Rod, and Old-Timey Base Ball... Alex Roderiguez is once again in the spotlight...and I don't mean for the blond woman he was seen with in Toronto, I mean for that play in which he startled a Blue Jays player by yelling "hah!" to him as he was trying to catch a high pop-up. The Blue Jays player allegedly thought it was his teamate calling for the ball, and backed off, letting the ball drop and eventually allowing the Yankees to score three runs. The Blue Jays player, and the fans, and many people in major league baseball, have been debating whether or not A-Rod "did something wrong." Well, I've got a word or two for anyone--ANYONE--who is even debating this play for a minute; GROW UP. This is professional sport! This is not a Miss Manner's tea party, where we all dress up and lift our pinkies when we drink and act courteous and proper to each other! This is a game where the finest physical specimens in the world play on a dirt field wielding wooden bats, metal spikes, and hurl rock-har Love Him or Hate Him, He's Barry! The New York Mets are poised to play the final leg of a three-game home stand against the San Francisco Giants and...the San Francisco Giants AND??? Barry Bonds. I'm proud to say that I will have attended all three, yes, all three games at Shea; Tuesday's, Wednesday's, and tonight's games. I say with even more pride that I have been going for the sole purpose of seeing Barry Bonds hit a home run in his quest to break the all-time record of 755, and to watch the viscious New York fans work him over with such creative chants as "You're on steriods," "You're a cheater," and various juvenile comments about what he should go and do to his mother. Its been educational. Not only about the speed with which sports fans abandon all civility and good taste, but about the Spanish language, too. The group of Hispanic guys sitting next to me heckled Bonds in English and Spanish. I learned a few new phrases, though I don't think I'll be using them News Commentary Digest The following is a wrap-up of recent current events and my brief opinions on them. Wolf-O and the World Bank So Paul Wolfowitz, president of the World Bank, has come under fire for alleged special treatment he gave to his girlfriend, who worked at the World Bank when he became president. Supposedly, she was given a bigger promotion than she deserved, and was given a plum assignment at another department. Now, some of the European partners in the World Bank are calling for Wolfo's resignation and also standing in his way as he tries to push new initiatives through. This is to be expected. Wolfo was an exteremly unpopular nomination to head the World Bank. He is one of the main "architechts" of the Iraq war, and is seen by the world as just another extension of the Bush administration. So, the world wasn't exactly happy to see him run the World Bank in the first place. Now, throw in some accusations of double-dealing, favoratism, cronyism, what-have-you, and now the A-Rod Kicking Early Season A-ss Anyone else out there pleasantly surprised (read: shocked) by A-Rod so far this season? The man has (as of this minute) 9 HRs and 19 Hits in 13 Games, for a .365 average. He has hit safely in every game so far this season. At this pace (which is almost unthinkable) he would have 112 HRs and 236 Hits by the end of the season. The home run thing is ludicrous--unless he starts going to the same chemists as Bonds, Sosa, McGwire, et al.--but as for the hits, he could do it. He hit 213 in 1998 for Seattle, and the record is 262 by Ichiro Suzuki in 2004. But that's not the point... The point is A-Rod is making it happen. My memory isn't good enough to say whether he's jumped out to great starts like this in prior seasons, but I know he's jumped out to far, far worse ones. He's earning his keep, enough for two players, so far this season. The real test will come in two months, three months, FOUR months, to see if he can keep up the torrid pace and re-endear himself to New It's been over one month since I've posted anything on this blog. In that month a lot of weird, bizarre, and tragic events have happened. I can't even add them up in my head, there are so many. But, I will try to make sense of some of them here in the next few weeks. I'll cover some old topics, adress some new ones, but...I'm back. The Sub-Prime Chickens Are Coming Home to Roost Actual Conversation from last week: Investor, to his stock broker: "Do I have anything in my portfolio with exposure to the sub-prime mortgage market?" Broker: [laughing] From the Wall Street Journal, 3/15/07: "People lack the tools to quantify the exposure of the financial system to subprime, and where there is uncertainty, you sell first." -- Teun Draaisma , co-head of European equity strategy at Morgan Stanley The Point: Everybody who has anything invested in the stock market is directly or indirectly exposed to the sub-prime mortgage market, and as the sub-prime bubble goes, so will go the market. Sub-prime mortgages are loans made to borrowers with sketchy or outright bad credit, usually taken out to buy houses or refinance existing loans. These types of loans sometimes have higher-than normal interest rates, but also include loans with certain features that allow borrowers to pay abnormally low interest rates--or no interest at all--for a certain peri A-Rod on the Clock In the pre-millenium days, drugstores and gift shops used to sell "Millenium Countdown" clocks, that ticked down, to the second, the amount of time until the new millenium. Someobody needs to start making A-Rod Countdown clocks, to measure the time between now and when he bolts from the Yankees or is run out of town by villagers with torches in the middle of the night. I say "when," because as everyone knows, it isn't a question of "if" anymore. Not only has A-Rod failed to live up to expectations as a Yankee, but he is now running afoul of New York's Golden Boy, Mr. Yankee himself; Derek Jeter. If he was under the microscope before, he will be under the Hubble Space telescope now. Yankee fans will view each breath of his as a grave insult to their beloved club. Each twich of his lip will be countend as grievous affront. He will not be able to do anything, ANYTHING, right. Unless he jumps out of the gate this season with 15 home runs and a .450 av The Great Troop Rift An interesting and unfortunate battle is about to be waged in the U.S. government, and that is the fight to get our troops out of Iraq--or at least the fight for politicians to appear strongly enough on one side or the other of the issue to get elected in 2008. Strap in, because this is going to be one of the biggest, and maybe ugliest political battles of the decade. This, folks, is politics at its absolute worst. This is that ugly territory where literally life-and-death issues are decided by people have one goal and one goal alone: to get elected. You have the Democrats promoting a phased, pull-out plan, the same week as U.S. General Petraeus (the Julius Caesar of this campaign) saying that the U.S. needs to put more troops there, and for a longer period of time. You also have an un-popular president of a bruised and battered party on his way out, who has no plans of changing his course and will almost certainly pass the buck onto whoever replaces him. Meanwhile, he's trying Greenspan's Still Got It and Beware The China Bubble As you might now, last week saw the Dow Jones Industrial Average tumble 416 points on Tuesday, recover a bit on Wednesday, and then get slammed again to the tune of 200 points on Thursday. What's behind this volatility? Is it a signal of the next big stock market crash? Probably not. What's behind it is one man; Alan Greenspan, former Federal Reserve Chairman. In a speech last Sunday, the man simply uttered the word "recession" in relation to the U.S. economy, and all hell broke loose in the world markets. First the Chinese stock market plunged about 10%, and then the U.S. market tanked later in the day. Did Greenspan singlehandedly cause the Chinese market--and thereby the U.S. market--to crumble? The offending speech was, after all, made to an investor group in China. Maybe the fact that he was there, in China, talking about the U.S. economy, to which China is closely linked, caused skittishness that culminated in a sell-off. There's no way it can be a coincide Blogger Jailed in Egypt Last week, an Egyptian man was sentenced to four years in prison for writing comments on a blog that criticized the Egyptian government and a Muslim university. This isn't the first time we've heard about such oppression in Egypt or elsewhere in the Middle East, so it doesn't come as much of a surprise. Still, as a blogger, it alarmed me. As an American, it filled me with pride, but also with concern. While we live in a free country, we have to realize that our freedom is not guaranteed by anyone, we have to actively guard it and fight for it. Luckily, it is enabled by a government that was engineered to ensure personal freedom, and to create the conditions in which people could be free to live as they chose. However, if we stopped paying attention and stopped fighting for it, that freedom would disappear. It wouldn't happen over night, but it would happen eventually. If you look closely, you can even see the early warning signs. Laws like the Patriot Act, which use Modern Day Air-Travel; or Buses That Fly In aftermath of the JetBlue debacle, I feel its the right time to unleash a frustrated rant about air-travel that I've had bottled up in me for some time. Just as a preface...I've been on ten flights in three months (two on JetBlue); my luggage was lost twice (once with JetBlue, once with Delta), half the flights were delayed, each of them was packed to the gills. I nearly missed one flight because, though I was sitting five feet from the gate, no announcements were made until the plane was literally sealing its door to go. On two of the flights there were babies that screamed in mortal pain for the entire trip, on one flight the toilet odors seeped upward and throughout the plane. Going through security was actually a highlight of the whole thing. If I had a perfect memory, I could go on, but these most recent flights are a pretty good sampling. Didn't flying used to be glamourous? Remember the pleasant stewardesses with Southern accents who were just dying to take care Afghanistan? Redux An interesting article* on Afghanistan caught my eye today. In it, a powerful Afghan warlord predicted the U.S. will pull out of Afghanistan at the same time it pulls out from Iraq, and that both will happen this year. I don't agree that it will happen this year, or that the withdrawals will happen on the same time frame, partly for reasons I mentioned in a past blog; that the Afghan theater gets less attention. However, the warlord does make some statements that echo my previous posting, namely: "The occupying forces...have only one successful way and ... that is to pull out of Afghanistan as soon as possible." Gulbuddin Hekmatyar , a former prime minister whose forces operate in southeastern areas near Pakistan. Notice, he refers to the "occupying forces." It doesn't matter where they are from, they all eventually get forced out, in other words. This guy isn't just shooting off his mouth, either. He and his militia were basically responsible for eje Pro Sports All-Star Games Professional Sports All-Star games rank thusly in order of importance and seriousness: 1.) baseball 2.) hockey T-3.) football and basketball I bring this up because I turned on the NBA All-Star game last night for about ten minutes. Don't get me wrong, it was mildly entertaining to see the best in the game dunking on each other and burying three pointers, but it had the congenial feel of pre-game shootaround. The score was in the 40s after the first quarter. Guys were throwing alley-oops off the back board, dribbling between their legs...it was the Harlem Globetrotters. It was a circus, on top of the circus that already is pro-basketball. That's fine, but it's not enough to get me to watch. When I watch an all-star game I go to see the sport's best, at their best, playing their hardest. I don't think this is too much to ask. If not, then just have the skills competitions and call it quits, as I believe was suggested in Sports Illustrated recently, but don't Afghanistan? Yes, Afghanistan. You may be shocked to learn that the U.S. has nearly 30,000 troops there. That's one quarter of the Iraq force. The only thing is, we barely ever hear about them until, like last week, we hear that president Bush extended the tour of duty for about 4,000 of them...how nice of him. Could anything be more demoralizing that believing you are on your way home from risking your life in one of the most forbidding places on earth, and then finding out you have another six months there? There's nobody to appeal to, because The President has decreed it. The only other time we hear about what's going on in Afghanistan is when we hear that someone was killed. Other than that, the media is pretty much mum. Maybe that's because we are keeping things so secret that nothing leaks out, maybe that's because nothing materially good is happening. Either way, I've got some food for president Bush to think about: "Never get involved in a land war in Asia.&qu Book Analysis & Review: The Corrections Book Analysis & Review: The Corrections By: Jonathan Franzen Review By: Grant Catton Description and General Synopsis The Corrections is over 560 pages long and the majority of the action in the book takes place shortly after the turn of the recent millennium, in the year 2000. The book centers around the Lambert family, who are originally from St. Jude, Kansas. The father, Alfred, is losing his mind due to dementia or Alzheimer's, or a combination of the two, and is wearing on the nerves of his wife, Enid. Enid is still sprightly and in full grasp of her senses, and coming to terms with the compounded anxiey of nearly five decades under Alfred's stoic and affection-less thumb. They are in their late 70s and have three children who represent Generation X to a stereotypical T. Gary, the oldest, is a successful financial planner who appears even more successful in the heady days of the internet technology stock market bubble. While it seems he can't lose in his care Super Bowl Dissillusionment Okay. This will be brief... The Super Bowl was a letdown. It's not necessarily anyone's fault. The rain had a lot to do with it. It rained for literally the ENTIRE game and that definitely deadened the whole pace of the game. There were more turnovers and kooky plays than I can even count or remember properly; a botched hold on an extra point, a missed chip-shot field goal (both by the Colts), the requisite two INTs from Grossman (one of which arguably cost him the game), one INT from Manning early in...throw in a dozen fumbles and you've got a strange game that seemed to have been won more on paper than on the sloppy Miami gridiron. When the Bears returned the OPENING KICKOFF for a TD and followed up with an INT on the next series, I really thought we had a game on our hands. I was wrong. I expected some more from Grossman, though I don't know why exactly I expected that. He didn't play badly, I guess, but he didn't have a great game either. Chicago continue	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line36
__label__wiki	0.889614	0.889614	HPU Gives Men’s Basketball Coach Scott Cherry Contract Extension Posted by Press Release on March 14, 2013 at 8:01 pm under College \| Comments are off for this article HIGH POINT, N.C. — High Point University has signed head men’s basketball coach Scott Cherry to a four-year contract extension that will run through the 2016-17 season, Athletic Director Craig Keilitz announced on Thursday. The Panthers won the North Division of the Big South this season, the school’s first conference championship since moving up to NCAA Div. I in 1999-2000. “We are extremely confident in the direction of our men’s basketball program and we’re excited to see what Coach Cherry and his staff can build in the future,” said Keilitz. “The success we had in the second half of this season along with what we have returning for next year is very encouraging. I’m pleased with the high level of play and I’m confident it will continue to rise.” High Point went 17-13 overall and 12-4 in the Big South in 2012-13, setting a program record for Big South wins. High Point went on a great second-half run, going 13-6 in the final 19 games. That included a seven-game winning streak, HPU’s best since 2006-07. High Point’s division championship was HPU’s first conference title since 1996-97, when HPU was a member of the NCAA Div. II Conference Carolinas. HPU could still be selected for a postseason tournament. “I’m extremely grateful to Dr. Qubein, Craig Keilitz and the HPU community for the opportunity I’ve had here and the support I’ve had,” said Cherry. “I’m looking forward to continuing to build the program. We’ve got a great team coming back and we’re putting the finishing touches on a great recruiting class to replace our outgoing seniors.” High Point returns 11 players who accounted for 85 percent of scoring and 70 percent of rebounding for the 2013-14 season. The Panthers’ whole starting line-up from the second half of the season returns: forwards John Brown and Allan Chaney and guards Derrell Edwards, Dejuan McGaughy and Adam Weary. HPU went 10-5 when those five started. Brown was named to the All-Big South first team and was named Big South Freshman of the Year. He was just the second freshman ever named to the first team. He ranked among the national leaders in freshman scoring all year. Chaney was named to the All-Big South second team and was named CBSSports.com Midseason Comeback Player of the Year. He led HPU in scoring and rebounding in Big South play. Weary was named to the Big South All-Freshman team after averaging 10.0 points per game. McGaughy averaged 6.9 points while shooting 43.6 percent from three-point range this season. Edwards was the only HPU player to start every game and developed a reputation as one of the top defensive players in the league. The Panthers also return freshman forward Lorenzo Cugini along with guards Devante Wallace, Justin Cheek, Haiishen McIntyre, Quincy Drye and Tre Duncan. In 2012-13 Big South games, High Point led the league in scoring margin (+7.8), field goal percentage (47.5), assists per game (15.6) and assist-to-turnover ratio (1.3). In overall games, HPU set a program record for blocks in a season (134) and blocks per game (4.5). At 12-4, High Point tied South Division champ Charleston Southern for the best league record. Prior to High Point, Cherry was an assistant coach at South Carolina, Western Kentucky, George Mason and Tennessee Tech. He helped lead George Mason to a Final Four appearance and helped lead Western Kentucky to the Sweet Sixteen. Cherry played at North Carolina under coach Dean Smith and was a captain of the Tar Heels’ 1993 NCAA Championship team. Tags: Mens Basketball	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line37
__label__cc	0.675819	0.324181	← Links of the Month: Sunday, June 8, 2014 Getting Ready for the Fall → Systems Thinking and Complexity 101 Posted on June 14, 2014 by Dave Pollard This is a synopsis of a talk and mini-workshop I gave recently in Vancouver. It introduces a model for identifying and dealing with both the complicated and complex aspects of issues we face in our own lives, in our organizations and in the world, and presents an elementary method of thinking about and diagramming systems (both complicated and complex) as a means of better understanding and appreciating them. There are four main purposes for learning about complexity and systems thinking: To appreciate how organic (complex) systems (bodies, organizations, cultures, ecosystems) really work To appreciate why mechanical, analytical approaches to change in organizations usually fail By studying and diagramming complex systems, to be able to anticipate how they might respond to interventions To be able to embrace complexity in all its ‘unknowability’, instead of fearing it as most people instinctively do The book I recommend for studying the nature of complex systems and how to think about and diagram systems is Rosalind Armson’s Growing Wings on the Way: Systems Thinking for Messy Situations. If you buy the Kindle edition, you’ll find the illustrations unreadable, but you can download and print them in legible format free from her website. Rosalind is a British engineering PhD, and what makes her book exemplary to me is the accessibility of her examples, that run from the destruction of downtowns by big box malls to the challenge of coping with an ill and aging parent living in another town. She uses the term “messy situations” where many of us refer to “complex predicaments”, and doesn’t specifically differentiate between “complicated” and “complex” the way Dave Snowden and others do (she calls all fully-solvable problems “simple” rather than separating them into “simple” and “complicated”), but otherwise we’re totally on the same page. Here’s an excerpt from her introduction, which includes a wonderful definition of complex predicaments and some excellent examples: This book is about dealing with messy situations. Sometimes known as ‘wicked problems’ [or complex predicaments] they are fairly easy to spot: it’s hard to know where to start we can’t define them everything seems to connect to everything else and depends on something else having been done first we get in a muddle thinking about them we often try to ignore some aspect/s of them when we finally do something about them, they usually get worse they’re so entangled that our first mistake is usually to try and fix them as we would fix a ‘simple’ problem Examples of messy situations might include: the healthcare system in your country, dealing with a family break-up, exploring change and making it happen in your organisation, and worrying about how to look after your elderly parents. [Other examples include coping with poverty, addiction, inequality, a fragile economy, and runaway climate change]. The ‘butterfly’ model above includes elements of Dave Snowden’s ontology of systems, Rosalind’s approach to dealing with complex predicaments, and some of my own thinking about complexity and systems thinking. It differentiates between Complicated systems: those that are not so obvious as to be ‘simple’, but are fully-knowable with study, where it is possible to thoroughly understand the causality relationships between the variables, which are finite in number, and to use that understanding to predict the outcome of interventions in the system with some degree of reliability, and Complex systems: organic systems, such as the human body, organizations, cultures and ecosystems, which are not fully knowable, have an infinite number of variables affecting them, and cannot be understood with sufficient precision to assess causality with any certainty or to predict the outcome of interventions reliably. Studying complex systems and issues will allow you to appreciate them (see why they are the way they are, how they probably got that way, and what keeps them going), but you can never fully understand them. Many of the issues we deal with in our lives involve both complicated and complex systems, and hence have both complicated and complex aspects that need to be teased apart. I use the terms ‘problem’ and ‘solution’ in dealing with the complicated elements, and the terms ‘predicament’ and ‘approach to addressing’ in dealing with the complex elements, since predicaments by definition cannot be ‘solved’ or ‘fixed’. The approaches to addressing them often entail accepting and working around them, or adapting to them. Trying to intervene to change them in a desired direction is usually ineffective and can often lead to paradoxical results that make the situation worse. Pollard’s Law of Complexity: Things are the way they are for a reason. If you want to change something, it helps to know that reason. If that reason is complex, success in changing it is unlikely, and adapting to it is probably a better strategy. The left side of the model describes the steps involved in dealing with a complicated problem (or the complicated aspects of an issue with both complicated and complex components). If my car won’t start, for example, this model would instruct me to, first, analyze the situation (what are the possible reasons for it not starting, how do I diagnose the problem by testing each possible reason etc.), by imagining what might be wrong, questioning why and how it failed to start and whether each possible diagnosis makes sense, and conversing with others who might have useful insight or experience with the problem. From this, I can understand the situation and deduce the most logical causes of the problem and the appropriate solution to each possible cause. And finally, through collaboration with others, and through accepting offers from people who know and care about the issue, I can intervene ‘systematically’, until the right solution is pinpointed and my car starts again. It may be an iterative process, but it is not a complex one. There are only so many variables, causes, and things that can have gone wrong, and there are only so many ways to rectify the mechanical malfunction. The right side of the model, by contrast, describes the steps involved in dealing with a complex predicament (or the complex aspects of an issue with both complicated and complex components). As an example, I suffer from a chronic disease called ulcerative colitis. Although the incidence of the disease is soaring and globally it seems to correlate closely with affluence and stress, its causes are unknown (and, despite medicine’s hubristic claims, probably never will be known), so we can only treat the symptoms. Unlike my car problem, I can’t analyze and understand the possible causes and ‘fix’ the problem. All I can do is explore what is known about the symptoms, and the hypotheses about how some treatments appear to alleviate symptoms in different sufferers, and appreciate the complexity of the predicament and the options available to me. Then, by imagining what might have happened to make me vulnerable to this disease (e.g. taking high doses of oral tetracycline as an acne treatment in my teenage years), questioning theories and options (e.g. will taking a ‘maintenance dose’ of an anti-inflammatory help or hinder), and having conversations with people who have studied the disease and people who know my lifestyle, and by rigorously tracking correlations between my diet and lifestyle and my feelings of well-being (something I’ve been doing since it was first diagnosed), I can begin to make sense of its sudden occurrence in 2006 (after I received some extremely stressful news), and its non-recurrence since then (except for two mild flare-ups in 2007 and 2013). And then, by collaborating with and accepting offers from others (e.g. acknowledging the wisdom of my GP’s recommendation to immediately quit my high-stress job, discussing my situation with other sufferers and seeing how they have dealt with it, and accepting a low-stress job that came to me most fortuitously late in 2006) I can adapt my diet, exercise regime, work life and other aspects of my lifestyle to try to reduce the risk of flare-ups and work around this disease that will be with me the rest of my life. Here’s an example of how this model might be used by an organization which is going through a ‘culture transformation’ process to deal with a lack of knowledge-sharing and collaboration among its people. This is a predicament that has both complicated and complex components: First, the issue at hand must be separated into its complicated and complex aspects. One of the complicated aspects might be poor IT systems that don’t provide a means to capture and disseminate what people know and have learned. Two of the complex aspects might be cynicism that useful knowledge can be ‘captured’ at all in a database that lacks context of the situation, and a performance assessment system that rewards individual achievement and provides no incentive for sharing or collaboration. The complicated aspects of the issue are then addressed using the analyze to understand / imagine, question, converse / deduce / collaborate, offer / intervene process. Why don’t the existing IT systems have a mechanism to capture knowledge? What is the most useful knowledge to capture and what are the options for structuring it so that entering it into the system is easy? How does this new database fit with existing IT architecture and how might it most effectively be accessed? What technical problems does this present? Who do we need to talk with to understand how this will be used, updated and maintained, and whose ‘job’ will it be? Who will we need to promote this new resource, and how will this be done? Who has real passion for testing this, and whose collaboration will we need? It’s not simple, but it’s not a complex process. It should not be hard to deal with these ‘merely complicated’ aspects of the issue. The complex aspects of the issue are more perplexing; they need to be addressed using the explore to appreciate / imagine, question, converse / intuit & ‘make sense’ / collaborate, offer / adapt & workaround process. Why aren’t people explicitly sharing knowledge already? The exploration might reveal that knowledge is already being shared generously, through mostly-informal iterative context-rich conversations. Then what? Should we tell the boss that trying to capture this in databases might seem to be efficient but is actually very ineffective? How might we, instead, enable and encourage more such conversations? Is it fruitful, and practical, to try to record and ‘reuse’ such conversations? The exploration might help us appreciate that most of these conversations are based around stories that don’t lend themselves to capture in rigid data entry formats. How might we then capture and organize stories in a way that would be useful, or can we do so at all? Rather than capturing stories, should we be training our people how to be better story-tellers? How do we deal with the fact that we grade performance individually on the curve, which necessarily provides a disincentive for collaborating and helping others improve their performance? How do we ‘make sense’ of the fact our people collaborate and share generously despite this disincentive? As you can see, this is a very different process than the one that worked for the complicated aspects. It generally leaves us with a greater appreciation of why things are the way they are, and how people have worked around the existing formal processes to do their jobs as well as they do. It can be a pretty humbling process, one that leads more to actions around “how can we help you do what you already do more easily and effectively” than “how can we get you to change your behaviour”. It’s no surprise that, for many organizations that have tried to introduce a ‘knowledge-sharing’ culture, the job quickly focused on the easier merely-complicated aspects — it became all about IT, and in fact many people began to see Knowledge Management as being just an aspect of IT (all about content and collection). No one really wants to deal with the complex aspects (having the hundreds of challenging conversations necessary to appreciate the status quo and the very human motivations behind it, and helping people in modest ways to do their best work better) because this work is hard and thankless and difficult to measure meaningfully. Because of that, and the lack of insight, imagination and courage by executives in charge of such ‘culture change’ programs, most such programs, in my experience, fail. It requires a very different skill set to deal with the complex aspects, a skill set that in most organizations is in short supply, and is much underrated by the mostly-analytical left-brained thinkers who make the final decisions. Sadly, the only truly successful large-scale culture change programs I have seen entailed the firing of a large proportion of the staff and the hiring of new people who already embodied the desired ‘new’ culture. For the same reason, many organizational ‘consolidations’ and ‘mergers’ (takeovers), both in the private and public sector, end up with almost all of the acquired organization’s people leaving. This incapacity is equally true, unfortunately, in our attempts to deal with complex predicaments like poverty, inequality, our fragile economic system, the exhaustion of cheap energy, and runaway climate change, in our larger society. And in this larger society there is no one ‘in charge’ to make the decisions that would be needed to bring about large-scale imaginative adaptation to the challenges we face. So we’re left to deal with such predicaments personally, and in communities that are sufficiently small-scale and sufficiently enlightened to appreciate both the predicaments and how imaginative adaptations and workarounds can alleviate their pain and their harm, at least locally. Most people don’t want to hear or believe this; they want to believe there are miraculous ‘fixes’ to these now-global predicaments. But the more you study complex systems, the more you realize there are none. Geoengineering proposals now being made to ‘fix’ our atmosphere are a classic case of trying to ‘solve’ a complex predicament as if it were a merely complicated problem, and its outcome will almost surely be disastrous. [At this point I gave participants their first exercise: Thinking about some of the challenges facing them in their industry currently, what are the complicated vs. complex aspects of each? We drilled down into 5 such challenges, and they all had both complicated and complex aspects; the complex aspects were the harder ones to deal with in each case.] Systems diagrams are a useful tool to help with both the analysis and understanding of complicated systems and challenges (and the complicated aspects of systems and challenges that have both complicated and complex aspects), and with the exploration and appreciation of complex systems and challenges (and the complex aspects of systems and challenges that have both complicated and complex aspects). Here are the basic steps in using such diagrams: Identify the elements (variables) in the system Show the apparent or possible causal connections with arrows Discover reinforcing loops (“vicious cycles” and “virtuous cycles”) in these systems Identify the balancing elements that keep the system in stasis Consider how interventions, adaptations and workarounds might affect the system and what outcomes they might produce These diagrams are used differently in complicated vs complex systems. In complicated systems, they can be used to analyze, understand, predict, and intervene optimally. In complex systems, many of the benefits of diagramming emerge from the process of diagramming rather than the finished diagram, i.e. from the exploration and appreciation of the predicament. The diagram, and the system, are models of reality – they are inherently incomplete and flawed. The map is not the territory! There are many different ways of documenting systems and challenges, and Rosalind’s book explains a number of them. For purposes of this workshop I introduced just one systems diagramming technique that’s easy to learn and quite intuitive and robust. Here’s an example of this technique, looking at the complex predicament of introducing a big box mall supermarket into a town and its impact on the downtown (called the ‘high street’ in the UK) retail stores: The chart shows two ‘vicious cycles’ shown as A and B on the chart. The first of these leads to the bankruptcy of downtown food stores, and the second to the bankruptcy of other downtown stores and the deterioration of the downtown as a whole. The next exercise for the group was to watch or read the Jack Kent children’s story There’s No Such Thing As a Dragon. The synopsis of the story is: This is the story of Billy Bixbie, who finds a tiny dragon sitting on the foot of his bed. His mother is firm in her assertion, “There’s no such thing as a dragon.” Yet, the more she denies the dragon and, in turn, convinces young Billy to ignore the dragon, the bigger he grows. By the story’s end, the dragon is filling the Bixbie’s home, with his head and tail spilling out of the top and bottom windows. Finally, Billy can no longer deny the dragon and points this out to his mother. As soon as they acknowledge that there indeed is such a thing as a dragon, the fire breathing fellow returns to his original size–small, like a lap dog. Mrs. Bixbie asks how it was that he grew so big. To which Billy ends the book by saying, “I guess he just wanted to be noticed.” The group was asked (1) to identify and diagram the “vicious cycle” (a type of reinforcing or “resilient” loop) in red, then (2) to add the “balancing element” that pulled the system out of the cycle before it collapsed, then (3) to identify a possible “virtuous cycle” (another reinforcing or “resilient” loop) that might result in the dragon disappearing entirely, in green, and finally (4) to add another “balancing element” that might pull the system out of the virtuous cycle and back into the vicious cycle. The finished diagram looked like this: This is a simple example of a system in balance or stasis, where the cycles that might tend to collapse it are held in check. Because it’s a complex system, and we are only identifying the more obvious variables, it’s a delicate balance, and another variable of which we’re unaware, or a “black swan” event, could pull it out of stasis. You could substitute the word “addiction” or “trauma” or “urban decay” or “economic inequality” or “climate change” for “dragon” and the model would still more-or-less work. There are three reasons why such system diagrams are useful, especially for complex predicaments: To appreciate why something is happening that might not be obvious or intuitive To appreciate why well-intentioned interventions are failing to work To identify possible workarounds and other interventions that might be useful, and their possible consequences The next exercise was to draw a system diagram to appreciate the challenge of never-ending annual budget cuts, a predicament in both the private and public sector. The task was to diagram the “vicious cycle” in both sectors, and then to explore possible ways to imaginatively adapt or work around the predicament. The vicious cycle diagrams looked like this: We discussed the fact that because of oligopolies in the private sector, and because government employees often can’t just leave and find comparable work when their job gets difficult, the kind of ‘market factors’ that might end this vicious cycle and produce a system in stasis just aren’t present. So both sectors add user fees endlessly without improving service, and eliminate or cut back or outsource or offshore services to reduce costs. Customers and employees are both unhappy but have nowhere else to turn in oligopoly markets, so the demanded profit increase and cost cutting are achieved. And since it was achieved, shareholders and citizens believe it can be achieved again each year, and keep demanding it. Such a cycle can only end in collapse. We discussed possible collapse ‘end games’ that could result if this cycle continues — complete privatization of government services, for example, or, to introduce another variable, wide-spread business (government) failure if customers (taxpayers) are no longer able to pay for the industry’s products (their taxes) because of a continuing stagnant economy. We also came up with some imaginative adaptations and workarounds that might pull us out of these cycles (the ones we came up with were industry-specific and not particularly useful to document here). We briefly looked at climate change as another complex predicament, studying the vicious cycles in the systems charts I developed for my SHIFT magazine articles. There was an appreciation, I think, that most of the current “solutions” to climate change (cap-and-trade, carbon taxes, sequestration etc.) can’t be expected to work because they’re defeated by the reinforcing feedback loops in the system, and there was an appreciation of why saying that “if we all just did x it would solve the problem” is mostly wishful thinking, and an improbable way to get out of the predicament. Finally, I discussed six other tools that I’ve found useful in systems thinking: Visualizations, especially other kinds of systems diagrams, such as the famous Lawrence Livermore graphic showing all the sources, uses and losses of energy in the US. Cultural anthropology and specifically ‘business anthropology’ to observe and document behaviours in organizations as they actually occur rather than as the ‘procedure manuals’ say they should. Future state stories to imagine how things might work x years in the future, and then, after collecting current state stories, and engaging a cross section of participating and affected people in iterative conversations, devising a realistic ‘map’ to get to that future state from the current state. Games and simulations and ‘table-top’ exercises to explore more deeply the variables in play in complex systems and how they are correlated, and to envision the impact of attempted interventions, adaptations and ‘black swan’ events. Whole system in the room exercises — that allow multiple perspectives on how the system really functions and what diverse ‘stakeholders’ think would make a difference, leading to some convergence and viewpoint shifts. Biomimicry: the appreciation that nature has been adapting to and working around the predicaments and challenges of complex systems for billions of years, and the value of studying natural systems to appreciate how that has happened. It was a challenging session, and obviously just touched the surface of this difficult subject. I’m grateful that the audience was an exceptionally bright and animated group, and not too large, and would like to thank them for their participation and helpful suggestions. They seemed to appreciate it and find it enlightening, so I may get called upon to talk with others on this subject. I would welcome any thoughts on how to tweak or add to this workshop. This entry was posted in How the World Really Works, Working Smarter. Bookmark the permalink. 8 Responses to Systems Thinking and Complexity 101 Pingback: Systems Thinking and Complexity 101 « how... Beth Patterson says: As I was digesting this, I was thinking about the clinic I am administrator for. It is being specifically developed for patients with complex physical and psychological problems. The medical and mental health communities dreamed it up, the Affordable Care Act is partially funding the innovation model. It involves intensive services of support, motivational work, trust building, inclusion of support system. I was overlaying your model onto the model of care that we are developing, with the mantra of ‘One Size Fits One.’ Very individualized care plans that put the patient’s goals at the center. Really challenging work as most of these patients are so fearful and weary of the current medical system that it takes months for them to open to us, even though we are the last resort for many of them. The creative problem solving that the team does (physicians, medical assistants, nurse care coordinators, community health workers, nutritionists and behavioral health specialists) is phenomenal. When they veer into familiar waters of treating the patient like he/she is something to fix, I gently attempt to steer us back into the wonder of the human being. Your work here with complicated (let’s fix him) vs. complex (let’s honor and admire him) is so pertinent. Thank you, as always. Pingback: Systems Thinking and Complexity 101 « how to save the world \| Olduvaiblog thal says: you definitely are a smart person and I appreciate your diligence. However, the underlying premise, that it will get warmer is not correct. We’ll rather face the end of the Holocene – you find some info here: http://vault-co.blogspot.com/search?q=ice+age What do you base on the prediction, there will be catastrophic global warming?	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line43
__label__wiki	0.564635	0.564635	Five Teams to Represent Country in 2018 IBMC Five of the teams that participated in this year’s renewal of the Development Bank of Jamaica’s (DBJ) National Business Model Competition (NBMC) for tertiary institutions will represent the country in the 2018 International Business Model Competition (IBMC) in Utah, USA, from May 10 to 11. Heading the record list of entrants is University of the West Indies (UWI) Mona Campus-based market research entity, Queritel, which topped the six teams participating in the recent NBMC finals at The Knutsford Court Hotel, New Kingston, to emerge as Jamaica’s official representative at the IBMC. Queritel will be joined by first and second runners-up, Eco-Structures and Pneulyfe, representing the UWI and Northern Caribbean University (NCU), respectively. The UWI’s Skolastik Oasis and NCU’s Beasc Technology were also invited to participate. This year’s record number of NBMC entrants results from Jamaica securing four of the 12 coveted spaces offered in the IBMC’s highly competitive ‘At Large Round’, a feat never before accomplished. The DBJ’s Jamaica Venture Capital Programme Project Coordinator, Audrey Richards, who coordinates the NBMC, describes this as a “tremendous achievement”. “It endorses the work our universities are doing in building future business leaders. It is an endorsement of the quality of the judges at our competition, and it sends a signal that the work we, the Development Bank of Jamaica though the Jamaica Venture Capital Programme, are doing with our universities and, indeed (towards) the development of a robust entrepreneurial ecosystem, is on the right path,” she says. There is great anticipation of Jamaica doing well again in the upcoming IBMC, to replicate and even surpass impressive performances recorded by teams entering since 2014, when the country sent its first representative. Jamaican teams have consistently finished in the top 10, despite competing against thousands of participants from over 40 colleges and universities across the world. The 2014 NBMC winner, Herboo Enterprise, placed eighth; 2015 champion, JarGro Enterprise, reached the semi-finals; 2016 winner, Guardana Inc, which received honorary mention – sixth; and 2017 champion, Natsima Nutraceuticals – fourth. The replication or surpassing of these placements would cap a record-breaking year for the NBMC, which saw the UWI, through Queritel, winning the competition for the first time and, in the process, breaking NCU’s dominance of the initiative since its inception. The competition, which is designed to encourage and promote the creative and innovative thinking of students, facilitates local entrepreneurial skills and enhances collaboration and communication between stakeholders in the private sector and academia. According to Querital’s Vice President for Marketing and Operations, Kedonne Martin, “originally the idea for Queritel was (to name the entity) Research Aid Plus, which came up after realising that students on campus needed research work done and they needed help with this… so they came to us”. “After working with this idea for a year and pitching it, we realised that it made more sense to (market it) to entrepreneurs, who would be more willing to pay for this service. So, we pivoted to Queritel and, since then, we have had over 120 customers and made over US$6,000 in revenue, and it has been amazing. Winning this competition is another form of validation for us, and we are so happy for it,” he says. The members of Querital copped the winning prize of $2 million, plus an all-expense paid trip to the IBMC, slated for the prestigious Utah Valley Convention Centre and the Provo Marriott Hotel and Conference Centre. Prizes totalling $4 million were up for grabs in this year’s NBMC, which was sponsored by the Inter-American Development Bank, through the Multilateral Investment Fund; PanJam Investment; Restaurant Associates, through its flagship brand, Burger King; Musson Foundation; NCB Foundation; Sagicor Group; Scotiabank; GK Capital Management; and the PetroCaribe Development Fund. The IBMC is sponsored by the Kevin and Debra Rollins Centre for Entrepreneurship and Technology in the Marriott School of Management at Brigham Young University, headquartered in Provo, Utah. The entrepreneurship programme at the Marriott School, which has campuses/students across the United States and in 105 other countries, is consistently ranked among the top such offered, annually. Source: https://jis.gov.jm/five-teams-to-represent-country-in-2018-ibmc/	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line51
__label__wiki	0.947175	0.947175	News \| All stories Croatian prime minister receives award in Prague Ian Willoughby The Croatian prime minister, Ivo Sander, received an award in Prague on Friday from the Vasek and Anna Maria Polak Foundation. The award has been presented for services to democracy and the free market since 1994, and has previously been won by Vaclav Havel and Lech Walesa. Vasek Polak had a bicycle repair shop in Prague before later building up an extremely successful car dealership business in the United States. Topolanek wants minority cabinet with broad support The leader of the Civic Democrats, Mirek Topolanek, is now considering trying to establish a minority government supported by the Social Democrats, the Christian Democrats and the Green Party, Mlada fronta Dnes reported on Saturday. Mr Topolanek has been trying in vain to form a government since elections two months ago. The chairman of the Social Democrats, outgoing prime minister Jiri Paroubek, said the new plan was innovative but would not find support either in his party or the two smaller ones. President Vaclav Klaus has given Mr Topolanek until the first week of August to form a government. Budvar alcohol-free beer sees big sales increase due to new road law The Budejovicky Budvar brewery reports says it has sold 60 percent more of its alcohol-free beer in July than in the same month last year, Mlada fronta Dnes reported. The surge in sales is attributed to new traffic regulations which have stiffened punishments for drink driving. Summer schools of Slavonic studies underway in Prague The 50th Summer School of Slovanic Studies began at Prague's Charles University on Saturday. A record 210 students from almost 40 countries are attending the month-long school, which features 25 different specialised courses. Schools of Slovanic Studies are also underway in Brno and Olomouc. Czech footballer Skacel joins Southampton The Czech football player Rudolf Skacel has signed a four-year contract with the English Championship club Southampton. Skacel was a great success at Scotland's Hearts last season and is reunited with the club's former manager George Burley at Southampton. Czech police search for woman wanted in Canada over abduction of children Czech police are searching for a woman believed to be in hiding with her three young children. After a court in Canada awarded custody of the children to their father, Romana Dittrichova abducted them and brought them to the Czech Republic in June. Jehovah's Witnesses gather in Prague for weekend of ceremonies A mass baptism of Jehovah's Witnesses is being held at a football stadium in Prague on Saturday. Organisers say around 20,000 of the faith group's members from around the world are in the Czech capital for a weekend of religious ceremonies. There are over 15,000 Jehovah's Witnesses in the Czech Republic. Around 40,000 at this year's CzechTek free music festival Around 40,000 people from the Czech Republic and elsewhere in Europe have gathered at the CzechTek free techno music festival, which is being held on Czech Army land in north Bohemia. Last year's CzechTek became the subject of political debate when around 1,000 riot police used truncheons, tear gas and water cannons to break the festival up, after complaints from landowners. Vaidisova to face Clijsters in California The Czech tennis star Nicole Vaidisova has reached the semi-finals at the Bank of the West Classic in Stanford, California. The 17-year-old beat Australia's Samantha Stosur 6-4 6-2 to set up a clash with top seed Kim Clijsters of Belgium. Father of UK chess player who fell to death facing rape charges The father of Jessie Gilbert, a young British chess player who was found dead in the Czech Republic, is facing rape charges, the news agency AP reported. UK police confirmed that one of Ian Gilbert's alleged victims had died, but refused to name her. Jessie Gilbert fell from the eighth-floor window of a hotel in Pardubice, where she was attending an international chess tournament. It was not clear whether she had committed suicide or had an accident while sleepwalking. Czech Castles Events in the CR Czech Folklore Czech Center NY Czech Radio History	cc/2021-04/en_head_0025.json.gz/line56

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