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Ruth Gavison
Ruth Gavison is Haim H. Cohn Professor Emerita of Human Rights in the Hebrew university of Jerusalem, winner of the Israel Prize in Law 2011, and the founding president of Metzilah, a Center for Zionist, Jewish, Liberal and Humanist Thought. She has taught at Yale and the University of Southern California, and was a fellow at Princeton’s Center for Human Values. She has been a member of numerous Israeli Public Inquiry Committees, including the Winograd Commission to investigate the 2006 Lebanon War. She was a founding member of ACRI, the Association for Civil Rights in Israel, served for many years as its chairperson and, from 1996-1999 as its president. Her personal website is gavison.com.
Ruth Gavison on MRB
Reflections on the Nation-State Debate
Constitutional Anchoring of Israel’s Vision: Recommendations Submitted to the Minister of Justice. First English Translation.
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Home / All About Baseball / Major Leagues / AL / Rays, Mariners Agree On Six-Player Deal
Rays, Mariners Agree On Six-Player Deal
By David Conde
And so the off-season has begun and for the Tampa Bay Rays, it begins as with a bang as they make a trade on Thursday night with the Seattle Mariners in a six-player deal.
Looking for a jolt to their offense for the 2016 season, the Rays acquired SS Brad Miller, 1B/OF Logan Morrison and right-handed relief pitcher Danny Farquhar. In the deal the Mariners get right hander Nate Karns, left hander C.J. Riefenhauser and OF Boog Powell.
Miller, 26, made his debut in 2013 and in three seasons with the Mariners he batted .248, with 29 home runs and 118 RBI’s. He enjoyed his best season so far in the majors in 2015, as he batted .258, with 11 home runs and 46 RBI’s.
Morrison, 28, made his major league debut with the Florida Marlins in 2010 and enjoyed his breakout season in 2011, when belted 23 home runs and drove in 72 RBI’s. He was traded to the Mariners in 2013 for Carter Capps. This past season, he batted .225, with 17 home runs, and drove in 54 runs.
Farquhar, 28, made his MLB debut in 2011 with the Toronto Blue jays and pitched in just their games. He returned to the majors in 2013, after being traded the Seattle mariners and saved 16 games. In three seasons with the mariners, he posted a 4-12 record, with a 3.85 ERA, and 208 strike outs in 177.2 reliefe innings.
“We feel even better about the talent that we’ll have on the infield next year,” Matt Silverman, Rays president of baseball operations tells MLB.com. “We feel better about our lineup versus right-handed pitching, especially. And feel better about the general balance of our roster.”
As for the mariners end of deal, RHP Karns, 27, made his debut with the Washington Nationals in 2013. In the spring of 2014, he was traded to the Rays in a four player deal. In 2015 as a starter, he was 7-5, a 3.67 ERA, and 145 strike outs in 147 innings.
Riefenhauser, 25, made his debut with the Rays in 2014 and appeared in seven games in relief. In 2015, he posted a 1-0 record, with a 5.52 ERA, and 7 strike outs in 14.2 innings, appearing in 17 games.
Powell, 22, was drafted by the Oakland A’s in the 20th round of the 2012 MLB draft. Prior to the 2015 season, he was involved in a trade that sent Ben Zobrist and Yunel Escobar to Oakland in exchange for Powell’s services and catcher John Jaso. This past season, combined between AA/AAA he batted .385, with three home runs and 40 RBI’s in 444 at bats.
Co-Founder/Executive Editor at Legends On Deck®
David is the Founder and Executive Editor of Legends On Deck®. He was a Senior Editor for MetsMerizedOnline, MetsMinors.net and Contributor for Hardballchat.com. David's idea forLegends on Deck is to be a site where passionate fans of the game have a place to read about their favorite baseball teams. The site is also for people who had a talent to write or even take photographs and have the platform to share. The passion of following the Minor Leagues can be seen all over the site as the players journey's are what what drives the LOD team to share their content. David's passion is making available a site that people can have fun sharing and reading.
You can also reach out to David at daconde@legendsondeck.com
Latest posts by David Conde (see all)
What Does The Future of Baseball Really Look Like? - June 11, 2020
A Comical View Into Possible MLB Rule Changes For The 2020 Season - March 26, 2020
Say It Aint So Beltran, Say It Aint So! - January 16, 2020
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Callums Angels (Arrived)
Camilla Duke Donate
Callum Grant Donate
Mackenzie Corning Donate
Jan. 23, 2020, 1:36 a.m. - Team 39 checking in for the final time via text. So "good morning and incase we don't see you, good afternoon, good evening and goodnight". We have arrived in Valencia and are going to make our way to the finish line/hostel. Thank you to the safety teams for keeping us in line throughout the journey and thank you to our friends and family who have tracked us from all over the world. We've made it. Who would've thought? Not me. It's been an experience and a half and all three of us feel an incredible sense of accomplishment for making it here. Xoxo Callum's Angels
Jan. 22, 2020, 10:58 p.m. - check in, still on the bus to Valencia, ETA 2:30
Jan. 22, 2020, 8:48 p.m. - Team 39 checking in. En route to Valencia via bus. Tell the Lion that it's on sight, no cap. And tell the Frost chic that we can't wait to see her. Xoxo Callum's Angels
Jan. 22, 2020, 7:49 p.m. - 39. Arrived in Barcelona. Ready to sue Rory McLion for emotional distress. He'd better lawyer the fuck up.
Jan. 22, 2020, 6:44 p.m. - Team 39-we have just gone on a serious emotional rollercoaster y'all. Stuck in the back end of the storm in rural Spain, we finally were able to make it to a train station. We RAN to catch the train out and are on our way to Barcelona.
Jan. 22, 2020, 5:53 p.m. - Team 39-stuck just south of Figueres, seeking a lift out
Jan. 22, 2020, 3:30 p.m. - Heading towards Figueres in hopes of a better direction.
Jan. 22, 2020, 3:24 p.m. - team 39, out of that car but stuck on the highway about 5 miles from Figueres
Jan. 22, 2020, 2:59 p.m. - Team 39-out of Figueres going south!
Jan. 22, 2020, 2:36 p.m. - What's kickin', lil chikin'? Team 39 here letting y'all know we made it safely south. We are currently on the outskirts Figueres looking for our next lift towards Barcelona. Xoxo Callum's Angels
Jan. 22, 2020, 2:15 p.m. - Team 39-heading out of la Jonquera toward Figueraa
Jan. 22, 2020, 2:12 p.m. - Hola from Team 39! We have crossed into Spain and have been dropped off in La Jonquera. Big shoutout to Miss Lola and Miss Sandrine. Currently looking for out next lift south. Xoxo Callum's Angels
Jan. 22, 2020, 1:52 p.m. - new ride, still heading south on the road to Barcelona
Jan. 22, 2020, 1:23 p.m. - heading south on the A9
Jan. 22, 2020, 1:22 p.m. - Team 39- just picked up in Perpignan.
Jan. 22, 2020, 1 p.m. - What's cookin good lookin ;) team 39 has just reached Perpignan and are gonna make moves toward valencia
Jan. 22, 2020, 10:21 a.m. - Good morning Vietnam! Team 39 is on the train from Toulouse to Perpignan. Vibe check: thriving and surviving.
Jan. 22, 2020, 8:24 a.m. - Hello from Team 39, this is just to say we aren't yet on the move and we'll let you know when we are. We know that we're coming up for 10 hours xoxo Callum's Angels
Jan. 22, 2020, 8:21 a.m. - Good morning from Toulouse, we have just woken up and will be heading out/ south shortly!
Jan. 21, 2020, 10:21 p.m. - Signing off for the night. Heading off to sleep xoxo Callum's Angels
Jan. 21, 2020, 7:19 p.m. - Hey babe, we made it to Toulouse safe and sound. We are going to find somewhere to stay here tonight as we don't feel like braving the french streets for a second night in a row. Going to get food shortly too. We'll let you know where we end up. Xoxo Callum's Angels
Jan. 21, 2020, 3:16 p.m. - Hi, mister. Team 39 checking in here. All is well with the trio and we're still on the bus heading south. Currently close to Limoges on the A20. Once again the ladies are nappin', the man is snackin'. Xoxo Callum's Angels
Jan. 21, 2020, 12:06 p.m. - Team 39: howdy to our fans, we remain on the bus heading toward Toulouse, Eatin our snacks and enjoying the scenery.
Jan. 21, 2020, 9:15 a.m. - The bus was delayed but we are leaving Paris now!
Jan. 21, 2020, 8:40 a.m. - Greetings loved ones, let's take a journey--to Toulouse! Team 39 is headed south and entering recovery mode. xoxo Callum's Angels
Jan. 21, 2020, 7:46 a.m. - Team 39-hello again from your favorite racers, we just got off the train in Paris and are heading for the bus station on the metro. Will keep you posted about our exit from this city Xoxo callums angels
Jan. 21, 2020, 3:58 a.m. - What a night...we danced in the streets; we cried in the streets and!... We were stranded in la havre all night. We give evening life here a solid 0/10. Fortunately we are about to catch a train from la havre to Paris and then onward at 5:20. Mamma Mia, here we go again Xoxo callums Angels
Jan. 20, 2020, 11:51 p.m. - Hey what's up hello from team 39: in our hour of woe we found an open McDonald's drive thru. (Got out of our ride at the Le Havre train station)...unfortunately our woe has continued due to the fact that we were denied access to chickie nuggies :'( they wouldn't serve us without a car. So we soldier on in our defeat (Sans des frites), hanging in the station until further notice.
Jan. 20, 2020, 11:16 p.m. - Team 39 experiencing small defeat tonight: catching a ride back to Le Havre
Jan. 20, 2020, 9:25 p.m. - Team 39-drove faster than we ever have in our whole lives, I swear it was lightning speed. Out of the car and on the bridge in Tancarville
Jan. 20, 2020, 9:14 p.m. - Headed toward Tancarville
Jan. 20, 2020, 9:12 p.m. - What's gooooood-team 39 here is heading out of La Havre going south in a car!
Jan. 20, 2020, 8:46 p.m. - What's crackalackin: Team 39, hopping over to a petrol station in la havre via Uber
Jan. 20, 2020, 8:18 p.m. - On the shuttle bus from Le Havre Port to Le Havre Train Station
Jan. 20, 2020, 7:37 p.m. - LAND HO! Team 39 is approaching port in Le Havre. EU sign on xoxo Callum's Angels
Jan. 20, 2020, 6:41 p.m. - Hello from Team 39! We are still on they ferry between Portsmouth and Le Havre. All is good here and we are doing our best to arrange a lift from the ferry.
Jan. 20, 2020, 2:33 p.m. - Hello! Just to let you guys know that the map says we're in Dover but we're in Portsmouth. It's v minor but would be great if you guys could change it. Thank you!
Jan. 20, 2020, 2:05 p.m. - Hey miss thing, consider us aboard the ferry. We expect to arrive in Le Havre at 9pm tonight and we take great delight in saying UK SIGNOFF. We would also like to take this opportunity to give a shout-out to a Miss Liam Peniston for being the hostess with the mostest and doing his best to set us up with the meat men of the Smithfield market. . Xoxo Callum's Angels
Jan. 20, 2020, 12:35 p.m. - Hey good lookin', we've made it to the Portsmouth Ferry Terminal and will be checking in shortly. Xoxo Callum's Angels
Jan. 20, 2020, 11:15 a.m. - Hello from Team 39! We just reached Portsmouth Station and we're getting ready to yeet onto the Ferry. Continental Europe incoming xoxo
Jan. 20, 2020, 9:33 a.m. - Team 39-caught the train from London out to Portsmouth just in the nick of time. Next stop: Portsmouth ferry
Jan. 20, 2020, 8:38 a.m. - Team 39 having a quick brekkie at Victoria Station. We found the Muffin Man.
Jan. 20, 2020, 7:35 a.m. - Team 39 is getting on the tube to Victoria Station!
Jan. 20, 2020, 6:38 a.m. - Spent the night in London and we are now awake and heading out for the day
Jan. 19, 2020, 9:06 p.m. - Team 39 is getting off the bus at London Victoria Station. Gonna get some food now.
Jan. 19, 2020, 4:38 p.m. - Team 39 is still on the bus, nearby Manchester Airport and headed south. Planning on mastering some Tiktok dances at our next stop.
Jan. 19, 2020, 3:11 p.m. - Hello from Team 39! We are still on the bus somewhere between Preston and Manchester. The ladies are nappin', the man is snackin' and we are all round feeling good.
Jan. 19, 2020, 11:15 a.m. - On a bus from Glasgow heading toward London. "Lookin fresh, feeling fine, drinking our smoothies" special shout-out to Kat Frost for keeping us in line
Jan. 19, 2020, 7:09 a.m. - Team 39-fresh off the bus in Glasgow
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Now Playing: Movies (Moderator: Mac) »
What Are You Looking Forward To?
Film School Rejects gives us a reality check: Ghost In The Shell is going to suck. Makes the ethnicity issue seem pretty unimportant.
I agree that casting ScarJo is a head-scratching decision on their part for the reasons explained. But having said that, she's also the very reason why I'm gonna end up checking the movie out. I read the Trade Paperback pf Ghost in the Shell years ago and always wondered when they would make a big budget flick for it.
No, casting Margot Robbie was a headscratcher, casting ScarJo makes perfect freaking sense, there's very few people who can open a movie and only a sliver of those are women. ScarJo is one of them, so yeah, of course they're minds are going to go there. I wouldn't have thought of her, but I think she might be the ONLY actress who could really do that part. And honestly, I'm not offended like I am by the idea of a white-washed Akira. Why? Because Akira is about being Japanese, Ghost In The Shell is about being human. The character is barely human, let alone Asian, so I think in this case it's okay.
There's a movie I love called Hachi, it's the story of Hachiko, a famous Japanese folk tale, transposed to modern day New York with Richard Gere in the role of the Professor. No outrage, first because it's not a well-known film, but also because that film isn't about being asian either, it's about a man and his dog. It's universal. The dog, I will point out, is still Japanese.
You also had The Grudge, Ringu and a bunch of Asian horror flicks adapted into American films with American leads. No outrage.
But then you have sh*t like Godzilla. We've never been able to make a good Godzilla film in the states, and that's because Godzilla is inherently Japanese, so much stuff goes into it even at an unconscious level. Japan reveres nature, but nature was constantly destroying them. They had been annihilated by a nuclear weapon and were still frightened to the core by it, and the people who dropped the bomb were now in the country protecting them. That's an insane thing to get your head around.
So I got a free ticket to an advance screening of Kingsmen, which I want to see. Great! It's at a crummy theater ages away. Screw that! Annoys me.
I feel slightly more vindicated about wanting to see movies at home now that I heard (read) Soderbergh talking about 2001: A Space Odyssey and saying that the best version he saw, including a 70mm print, is the version on blu-ray.
Anyone else think that movie theaters will be a thing of the past and that VOD will eventually take over 100%?
As long as theaters keep doing stuff like this, I think they'll stay alive for a while...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GruHSeYuXUE&
Let's also not forget that ****.com/quick-fixes/5-reasons-you-shouldnt-buy-fancy-new-tv-anytime-soon/" class="bbc_link" target="_blank">the upcoming 4K upgrade is going to be a consumer nightmare for the next couple of years.
Dewey Cheatham & Howe LLP
Location: Little Ol Town in the Midwest
Anything can happen. I think my generation will keep movie going alive. I don't know the younger generations view on theaters. Hell, I'm not sure of their support for movies in general.
Because the rest of us think you're an idiot.
While I'm not looking forward to it, the casting (and concept) of ****/" class="bbc_link" target="_blank">Adam Sandler's Ridiculous Six has a few things that I find interesting (Vanilla Ice as Mark Twain, for example).
If it marks a return to at least semi-decent parody movies, I'll be happy.
While I'm not looking forward to it, the casting (and concept) of Adam Sandler's Ridiculous Six has a few things that I find interesting (Vanilla Ice as Mark Twain, for example).
If I could say this about that
Hey, I look for the gems in sh*t. I'm like a hunter. Where people see a bad movie, I see something to play around with, to tinker or to mash up with something else, or something I can strip for parts.
« Last Edit: January 26, 2015, 01:34:22 pm by Neumatic »
I got free passes for Kingsmen tomorrow. Psyched about that, I've heard it's awesome as f*ck.
Nice. Give us the lowdown when you get back.
Passengers is in talks to star Chris Pratt and Jennifer Lawrence. The snake, however, could not be reached for comment.
What's got me excited (outside of the fact that I've been following the writer on twitter forever so I'm happy for him) is that the movie was written with these two actors in mind, so if they sign on, it should be quite fun.
I had an idea like this once upon a time and never thought it interesting enough to follow through on, so I'm quite happy to see this come together. it takes the sting off something like that when you see an idea you had being done better than you would have done.
So I made a list of all the upcoming movies I'm interested in, it's rudimentary and I'm sure there will be plenty I'll opt out of and just wait for DVD, but it's long and kind of daunting.
The next release (outside of "Kingsman" which I'm keen on seeing again) is "Hot Tub Time Machine 2." I love the original, but I didn't dig it on first viewing. And comedy sequels usually aren't that hot, so I'm wondering if I should hold out for the blu-ray release where I can see an unrated cut as often as I like or not. I've been waiting for five years, so it's not like six months is THAT long to wait (I want the price to go down a bit, naturally), but at the same time... it IS six months. And the theatrical pickings are going to be few and far between until the film festival in spring.
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kiss tours in the 80s
HomeUncategorizedkiss tours in the 80s
MTV had launched the previous August, but Kiss had been slow to latch on to its potential. But there’s something that happens onstage that you can’t get anywhere else. All those albums were products of the guys at the centre of the storm, and that was us.”. And Vini was really good at that.”, “Vini was a very good friend of mine at the time,” says Stanley. So I had the seamstress add some fabric. “People were surrounding themselves with a lot of sycophants who were telling them what was best for them to hear, but was ultimately most destructive for the band. Morgan Fisher - keyboards/piano on European Hot Space tour (09.04.1982 - 05.06.1982) Fred Mandel - keyboards/piano on the rest of Hot Space tour (21.07.1982 - 03.11.1982) Spike Edney - keyboards/piano, guitar and backing vocals on the Works and Magic tours He would say, ‘I can play faster than he can’. “It was very gradual, but certainly during Crazy Nights, it was becoming clear that I was not happy pulling all the weight. Gene Simmons, on the other hand, was altogether less engaged with the matter at hand. Sometimes known as the First Tour, it also encompasses several shows before and after the "official" dates. Nevison was the go-to guy for 80s rock with a hi-vis pop sheen. At each beat, the shot of the made-up band member vanishes, replaced by an image of them live from the studio floor: Vincent looking vacant, Carr coquettish, Stanley glowering, Simmons smirking. The end was in sight for The Wizard. https://www.facebook.com/groups/275031995937837/ join to talk kiss Deuce King of the night time world Let me go rock n roll Do you love me? “Well, Peter wasn’t there for the most part,” says Messina. Condition. At least Kiss had a new guitarist to keep themselves moving forward. “But I thought that a good reason for taking off the make-up was because people were listening to the albums with their eyes, and they didn’t want to see the make up. We were back with Gene and Paul producing, which means the two of them are gonna compromise – ‘I like that song of yours, but I don’t like that one’; ‘Well, if you let me use mine…’ That was one of the weaknesses of the two of them producing.”. There was just one dark cloud on the horizon: in 1990, Eric Carr would be diagnosed with a cancerous tumour in his heart. Arthritic or not, by the end of the tour Mark St John had sunk himself. “Paul was really excited by Nevison,” says Bruce Kulick. It’s a mark of Stanley’s stubborn determination and general dedication to the Kiss cause that not only was Animalize finished without the singer murdering at least two of his colleagues, but that it sounded so good. “And the manager decided that we should do solo records to keep the band together: ‘They’re solo records, but they’ll be Kiss records too – you’ll have your cake and eat it.’ Ace and Peter, fucking idiots to this day, poor guys.”, In theory, the ploy of releasing four sonically schizophrenic solo records on the same day in 1978 should have been a stroke of genius. In the tour program for the band's final tour, Simmons reflected on the tour: . They had a new record contract and management deal, a debut in the can, a brand new logo backdrop and a new stunt: Gene breathing fire, a trick he learnt from the magician Amaze-O. We had a fox and we had an Egyptian guy. Instead, it backfired massively, with each record shifting a fraction of what a regular Kiss record would normally sell and leaving the band facing a serious rethink as they entered New York’s Electric Ladyland Studio to record their next album as a group, Dynasty. Paul had nine songs ready to go for the album. It was easy to work with Paul, I liked the vibe, and then he said a couple of prophetic words to me: ‘Don’t cut your hair.’ I was, like, ‘Why is he saying that? By Uploaded by Voodoopie, Judas Priest / Alice Cooper / Motorhead / Dangerous Toys / Metal Church But he’s his own worst enemy, in addition to having a multitude of other enemies out there now. magazine, page 24. I kept it very positive – I knew I had the home team advantage by touring with them. That may have been the case in the past, but as 1981 bled into 1982, the world was changing. But without patting myself on the back, I certainly showed up every day and gave it my best.”. “I loved that, but it doesn’t necessarily mean it had a place in the band. Sadly, the drummer died of complications from the disease on November 24, 1991. The singer says that he hasn’t listened to Kiss’ 80s albums in their entirety for a long time. Neither were they buying concert tickets. First up is Vinnie Vincent (“Lead guitarist and co-writer of many of the songs on the current Kiss album,” intones Jackson with near-Biblical gravitas). see all. Taking off the make-up was the very last (space) ace up their sleeve. Judas Priest are an English heavy metal band formed in West Bromwich in 1969. Future Publishing Limited Quay House, The Ambury, “”The Elder” was the result of temporary insanity,” says Gene Simmons. I walked past this woman’s dress store and I saw this thing and I stopped. Over the subsequent years, the power of the channel to make or break bands may well have made an impact – conscious or subconscious – on the more melodic direction the band took. “We even used to jam a little bit backstage. Sign up below to get the latest from Classic Rock, plus exclusive special offers, direct to your inbox! “Then Vinnie pulls whatever it was that put him out of the picture, and they’re looking for a hotshot guitar player,” he says. The disco dust-sprinkled I Was Made For Loving You had given them one of their biggest hits, albeit to the disgust of some of their rockier fans who saw it – quite rightly – as a shameless attempt to keep up with the times. “It was sometime in December in 1984 that I got that phone call: ‘Hey, we want you to be the guy,” says Kulick. “When we started doing Creatures Of The Night, Paul and I wrote Creatures and a couple of others,” says Mitchell. The plan was to ease him into the show with short ‘guest’ spots, building up to an entire show at the tour’s conclusion. “The Elder had been a disaster,” says Mitchell. Five years in, and the lustre of being the drummer in Kiss was starting to fade. I understood why, but I didn’t like that whole approach. They are frequently ranked as one of the greatest metal bands of all time. “Two members left because of drugs and alcohol and we’d just recorded “The Elder” – that was not an ideal situation,” says Gene Simmons with heavy understatement. The band have sold over 50 million copies of their albums to date. “When we went on tour, we rallied,” says Stanley. But out of those lost periods came some really good stuff. We’d done our heaviest album ever, cos we felt that we had something to prove. (And for Mitchell, it was the start of a close bond with Stanley. I was like, This guy is wrong. In the annals of 20th century history, Sunday September 18, 1983, will go down as being about as uneventful as it gets. / Paradise Lost / Phil Campbell and the Bastard Sons / Powerflo / Powerwolf / Sacred Reich / Sepultura / SHVPES / Silverstein / Slapshot / Soen / Steel Panther / Tempt / Thunder / Tribulation / The Vintage Caravan / Vltimas / Wayward Sons / Wednesday 13 / Amaranthe, Ozzy Osbourne / Judas Priest / Hardcore Superstar, 8kids / Apocalyptica / Asking Alexandria / Astroid Boys / Beatsteaks / Being As An Ocean / Benediction / Betrayal / Body Count feat. Visit our corporate site. None of which helped Kiss, and the situation wouldn’t be resolved by the time they started work on their next album, Creatures Of The Night even before Killers was finished. Kiss took most of August off from the tour to record their follow-up album, Hotter Than Hell. I love going to concerts and usually make it to pretty much any concert that hits Atlanta: old, new, rock, alternative – you name it. KISS on stage is the stereotype of the glam 80s band on steroids. They enjoyed moderate success in North America during the 1980s. “We didn’t know which way to go.”, “We lost our focus,” says Stanley. The brief was, ‘Let’s get back to what Kiss does. Handily the glorious power-ballad Forever provided them with their biggest US hit in years, though it would be Bruce Kulick playing bass rather than Gene Simmons on the song. Working with Bob was a pleasure, and he had the discipline that we enjoyed. And music itself was changing. After the pop-rock glories of Crazy Nights, Hot In The Shade – note the tongue in cheek acronym its initials form – sounded like a step backwards. Despite the success of I Was Made For Loving You, Kiss were wobbling like drag queens on nine-inch heels when they started recording the follow-up to Dynasty. St John would later put his ailment down to the stress of the situation, but it presented a more immediate problem. The Psycho Circus tour was far and above anything that people have ever seen. “Gene was doing a movie in Canada, Paul was in Bermuda with (disco singer) Lisa Hartman that week, and Eric was in Florida, fucking some girls. When he was out doing other projects, or trying to become a TV star, or working with other bands – and he would have been better off sleeping than working with some of the calibre of bands he worked with – it compromised everything he did.”. The melodic rock edge of Lick It Up helped it become the first Kiss album to sell 500,000 copies in the US since Unmasked. According to Simmons he has sued the band 14 times, each one unsuccessful. Not that the dwindling Kiss Army felt that way at the time: the album limped apologetically to Number 35 in the Billboard charts. All Listings. By the end of 1982, he had officially joined Kiss – though as a salaried, “non-voting” member. With Bruce Kulick on board, Eric Carr was no longer ‘the new guy’. The guitarist’s own choice, Mick Fury, was blocked; instead, he was dubbed Vinnie Vincent. We became swallowed up by our success.”, “For me,” says the sometime God Of Thunder, “the 80s was miserable.”. For his part, Gene Simmons was happy to cede control of the studio to his bandmate. But the partnership between Kiss and MTV was certainly had its upside. They didn’t know it at the time, but Dynasty would become the band’s most controversial album yet. BA1 1UA. Not Specified. With the latter, he would pen two new songs, Partners In Crime and I’m A Legend Tonight for Killers, The other two were Stanley’s Nowhere To Run and Down On Your Knees, a co-write between the singer and a young Canadian songwriter named Bryan Adams. And then that was it.”. “In this case, it was a monumental move for him, so we didn’t do it. For me, it’s psychic trip – onstage, it’s cathartic, I let out the inner demos.”, The subject was raised again as the band recorded Lick It Up. "Detroit Rock City" is a staple for opening a Kiss concert, and "Rock and Roll All Nite" will more than likely close out any encores at performances you might attend. The work he was bringing in was sub-par, but the bottom line is that he was absent. 2 Day Shipping. But if Dynasty and Unmasked were a sharp left and right turn respectively, their next album would be the sound of Kiss hitting the kerb and crashing straight into a concrete garbage can. He’s gotta be thinking that something is going on’.”, In late August, his suspicions were confirmed. When certain people aren’t pulling their weight and sabotaging what you want to do. He’s somebody who is not the kind of person I want to be around.”. Afterwards, they slowly but surely regained their status as one of America’s pre-eminent rock’n’roll bands with a canon of towering 80s records that stood steel-clawed toecap to steel-clawed toecap with everything they’d done before and helped lead MTV’s rock revolution. “I hate the studio. There’s no question that The Rolling Stones managing to last for a full fifty years without splitting was an impressive achievement - even if Keith Richards really is the world’s only known immortal man - but The Kinks managed a not-unimpressive thirty-three years themselves, and were almost as crucial a part of the British Invasion of the U.S. in the sixties as the Stones and The Beatles. “There was anywhere from 190,000 to 210,000 people there. “He didn’t do badly when he had those chances to do parts of the show, and then a full show,” says Kulick. My knuckles on my left hand were swollen up, and so were my left kneecap and my Achilles Tendon. “It was no longer the original images. “To point a finger at Vini would be crazy,” says Stanley. You will receive a verification email shortly. Of all the people who have passed through Kiss, the recruitment of Bruce Kulick was the most unusual. Lick It Up took the metalized blueprint of its predecessor and added some 80s flash: Exciter (featuring a guitar solo courtesy of Rick Derringer) showed the trials of the last few years hadn’t blunted their edge, while the title track was a bona fide AOR anthem. I need to be worshipped as the god that I am.”, Paul Stanley is less jocular. “There was a reorganizing of my thoughts about what the band was and what it would be,” he says now. “They were all part of getting us back to where we are now,” says Paul Stanley. May. KISS Alive Forever is the must-have reference for every die-hard KISS fan—a complete archive of well over 1,900 performances, all categorized by tour. That didn’t go down very well. Watch the footage on YouTube now, and it’s a strangely solemn experience. Maybe next we’d have Turtle Boy. At a show at the LA Forum, he deliberately extended his guitar solo, keeping an increasingly apoplectic Stanley waiting for his cue at the side of the stage. Ice-T / Booze & Glory / Bronson A.D. / Bullet for My Valentine / Caliban / Cradle of Filth / Dagoba / DED / Dool / Dritte Wahl / Drunken Swallows / Ektomorf / Emmure / Employed To Serve / Entombed A.D. / Eskimo Callboy / First Blood / For I am King / God Dethroned / H2O / Hatebreed / The Hirsch Effekt / In Sanity / In This Moment / Johnny Deathshadow / Judas Priest / Kataklysm / Knocked Loose / Life Of Agony / Lionheart / Madball / Mambo Kurt / Manos / Marduk / Megaherz / Miss May I / Moscow Death Brigade / Nothing More / Oceans Ate Alaska / Parkway Drive / Perkele / Powerflo / Pro-Pain / Psychostick / Rise of the Northstar / Septicflesh / Stick To Your Guns / Stray from the Path / Shark Tank / Soulfly / Tankard / Tendencia / Thy Art Is Murder / Toxpack / Vallenfyre / We Butter The Bread With Butter / Wolves In the Throne Room / Ze Gran Zeft, No More Tours 2: Celebrating 5 Decades Of The Prince Of Darkness Live, Van Halen 1988 / Judas Priest / Billy Squire / Acdc's Back In Black, Austin City Limits Live at The Moody Theater, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WFNY0m3xx8w&fbclid=IwAR1IfVxVccl-fkr-mdChWH842nslMnjnREgc-Jys_1y4x2hcS3sNRM3HC6Y, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DsNlu8Mk_Fg&fbclid=IwAR1MNfOAXdgWlfFfdJsQXl6KB8JjPBQLKs6lhrmFLv0qzyef6O5CQyVZwPE, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LyKa_tc3Xr4&fbclid=IwAR3N6Zj5xtQPtbsAE3RTte6nPKfra5fSajwlyGS3gI7ca9oFBZWzb1Svu2I, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=032W5-qn5wk&fbclid=IwAR1MNfOAXdgWlfFfdJsQXl6KB8JjPBQLKs6lhrmFLv0qzyef6O5CQyVZwPE, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSCj9tBViaQ&fbclid=IwAR3_v41PlwsxbYV0gaZ3Q1ZL9OqcoM-XE3WrMb1GeqAMD8dLw9AJuekekNk, https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_9gWeiShHFHOSFSVuAhJCjSpdxRtw0kh, Judas Priest / Alice Cooper / Motorhead / Dangerous Toys / Metal Church. Gene is just a workaholic. “At one point we even dated roommates.”). “For me, the day was anti-climactic,” says Stanley. And what was lacking was my team mate’s commitment. I don’t what it was – it was red and it was shiny and had all these little pieces that moved. But that was another point where the band was going through more changes. But – and it’s a big but – there were personal issues right from the get-go. Ice-T / Boston Manor / British Lion / Bury Tomorrow / Cemetery Sun / Chelsea Grin / Creeper / Crystal Lake / The Dead Daisies / Death to All / Deep Purple / Deez Nuts / Deftones / Devin Townsend / Dimmu Borgir / Disillusion / Disturbed / Dog Eat Dog / Dool / Down / Dream State / Dying Fetus / Enter Shikari / Exciter / Faith No More / Fields of the Nephilim / Fire From the Gods / Foreigner / Fu Manchu / Gaahls Wyrd / Good Riddance / The Great Old Ones / Heathen / Heaven Shall Burn / High On Fire / The HU / In Extremo / Iron Maiden / Judas Priest / Kadavar / Killing Joke / Killswitch Engage / Korn / Lagwagon / M.O.D. It was the most embarrassing cross-dressing thing you could ever imagine. “Yeah, I lost it in terms of spending time being committed to the band full time,” he says now. Two consecutive platinum albums had given the band a renewed confidence as they entered the studio to record their 14th studio album. There are some real gems in there.”, This original appeared in Classic Rock Presents AOR 10. Bob Kulick, guitarist with cult AOR heroes Balance and a man who actually auditioned for Kiss back in 1973, stood in for Frehley on the new tracks from Killers (a role he had filled a few years earlier, when he overdubbed the Kiss man’s guitar parts on Alive II). There were more serious problems for Kiss than stepping out onstage without their battle dress and make-up. 3 Day Shipping. “There are two songs on Animalize I didn’t play on: Lonely Is The Hunter and Murder In High Heels,” St John told Kiss biographer Ken Sharp. Today, Vincent has seemingly stepped away from music. Lick It Up probably shows about 25 per cent of what I’m capable of achieving.”. I said, ‘This doesn’t work for me – I either have a partner or I don’t. Kiss were back on track. Stanley had wanted to lose the make-up for Creatures Of The Night, but Gene Simmons was having none of it. “I remember being at an airport shopping mall in Minneapolis. Songs from the group's non-makeup era during the '80s … I used to get a lot of gripes from him, and I was, like, ‘Would you shut up! And he was starting to act up. Tellingly, there were no new Gene Simmons tracks on the album. But for all the hooplah, it was been born out of necessity. “It may be admirable to stay in a leaky ship and keep bailing water, but it doesn’t get the same result,” says Stanley. If you're looking for up-to-date information on tour dates for classic rock bands and solo artists, you'll find this list useful. Please refresh the page and try again. But neither this latest addition the Kiss menagerie nor Bob Ezrin could save Music From “The Elder” from utter disaster. We took a look at each other and went, ‘What are we gonna do?’.”. “There was a funny thing that happened in England on the Animalize tour. No Preference. I wanted to do things that would have made the group more exciting and more meaningful. Within Temptation / Slipknot / KISS / Def Leppard / Slayer / Sabaton / Lynyrd Skynyrd / Whitesnake / Rob Zombie / Disturbed / Amon Amarth / In Flames / Gojira / Lamb of God / Behemoth / Anthrax / Three Days Grace / Philip H. Anselmo & The Illegals / Aborted / Death Angel / Glenn Hughes: Festivalpark Stenehei: Dessel : Jun 21, 2019 – Jun 23, 2019 “I succumbed to Hollywood, to pop culture, to the hair bands, to the times. And one of his best songs from those years was Tears Are Falling, from the 1985 album Asylum.The riff was heavy and dramatic, but in the vocal melody and the big … Ezrin certainly helped pull Kiss together for an unexpectedly cohesive album. If you recorded a KISS show and want to monetize, click HERE to contact confidentially. “I come from an older school of guitar players,” says Stanley, “and the 80s were immersed in guys doing slide whistles and calliopes on their guitars, playing it with the whammy bars, turning it into something that isn’t even a guitar as far as I’m concerned. It was a baptism of fire, not least seeing the push-pull dynamic of the Stanley-Simmons working relationship at close quarters. All rights reserved. “I just wasn’t living up to my full potential,” said Vincent in 1985, shortly after his inevitable departure from the band. “I had reactive arthritis. “I looked like Chicken Man,” Carr later recalled. There was a problem. “Gene can say whatever he wants about being disenchanted with the 80s,” says Stanley. It looked like a nation – Kiss nation. Mitchell quickly struck up a good working relationship with Simmons and especially Stanley. The funk intro of Sure Knows Something was no less jarring, though at least that swiftly flipped into something more recognisably Kiss. “We were the ones writing the songs. The band have sold over 50 million copies of their albums to date. Among was them future Bon Jovi man Richie Sambora. We built our career on doing things our own way.”. “It was actually Paul who felt more comfortable. Unmasked, out of control and losing band members by the day, Kiss overcame a multitude of hurdles in the 80s. And on the "Animalize" tour I saw WASP open for them in Lansing, MI. By Dave Everley ( Classic Rock) December 10, 2016. In the Caribbean, the islands of St Kitts and Nevis finally gained their independence after two centuries of British rule. The make-up detracted from the music.”. “I was just there because I was asked to be there. “So the record started off as demos, which we then started overdubbing. “I looked like a big chicken.” In the end, he would come up with his own persona: The Fox. Or part of the problem. While Gene had taken Paul’s criticisms on board, the recording of the album was still less than smooth – not helped by the fact that they’d decided to co-produce it. REO Speedwagon (originally styled as R.E.O. He left soon afterwards, though the band wouldn’t officially announce his departure for another 12 months. In Alaska, long-distance walker George Meegan completed a six-year-trek that took him from one end of the Western Hemisphere to the other. But as much as it causes some problems, it’s actually created one of the biggest bands in the world. (Cancelled European Tour) May 31 - … I had nothing against Mark, and it wasn’t like I should have been in Kiss. “And I’d say, ‘Play it again’, and he’d play a completely different solo. Dysfunctional Days & Crazy Nights: The Epic Story Of Kiss In The 80s. “The songs I wrote in the 80s were nowhere near what they should have been,” says Simmons. If Kiss’ big day failed to move Stanley, it was a different matter when the band found themselves onstage sans the Max Factor for the first time. And we were pleased with it. “It was a strange situation, but I wasn’t gonna do a Nancy Kerrigan – I wasn’t gonna club him in the middle of the night in the hallway,” says Kulick. I saw the Plasmatics open for KISS too, during the COTN tour. “But it didn’t look like they were letting him go immediately. see all. The Kiss Tour was Kiss' first album support tour. The latter had replaced Criss in May 1980, just before they played their sole US show in support of Unmasked at New York’s 5000-capacity Palladium (a far cry from their previous New York gig, at Madison Square Garden). With his bandmate absent, the singer took on the task of producing the album. At management’s insistence, the new drummer was going to be The Hawk. “Hot In The Shade was very fragmented, very piecemeal,” says Stanley. Poison and Cinderella weren’t far behind. “What was hard for me was taking the place of someone that fans really loved. For now, though, Cusano was the favourite candidate as full-time replacement for Ace Frehley. Krokus's Concert History. “In many, many ways, throughout their entire career. And so, at 11pm on Sunday, September 1983, the four members of Kiss finally made their first official public appearance without make-up, even if the day and time-slot of the broadcast only illustrate the reduced circumstances they found themselves in after a couple of flop albums. The answer was simple: take off the make-up. I ended up either singing the solos to him or sometimes even punching in and playing some of them. It was the decade of Duran Duran and the Thompson Twins and all that stuff. The Car Crash That Killed Hanoi Rocks' Razzle: 'Vince Neil never apologised…', Tony Iommi to receive more cancer treatment, Emerson, Lake & Palmer’s Greg Lake dies aged 69, Tracks of the Week: new music from Clutch, Orianthi and more, Rob Halford's autobiography Confess is the heavy metal book of 2020, Jimmy Page's new book, The Anthology, is a must for hardcore fans, The best books about music – and the best of 2020, Heart to get their own Bohemian Rhapsody-style movie. The likes of Prisoner Of Love and Desmond Child/Holly Knight co-write Hide Your Heart were proficient, by-numbers arena rock. “They were actually afraid that it was over. He also helped channel the natural competitiveness between Simmons and Stanley. “We started working on Animalize, but there was upheaval,” says Simmons. 4 Day Shipping. “It’s well documented,” says Stanley, firmly. That one?’ And I’m going, ‘No!’.” Another contender was Eddie Van Halen, who was increasingly unhappy in the band that bore his name; he would be talked out of it by Simmons and Eddie’s brother, Alex Van Halen. / Thundermother / Tri State Corner / U.D.O. English pop came in with synthetic drums. Bath We came back to America and it was dead. The album had been released two months earlier, and hailed as a return to form.
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take it with a grain of salt nejm
Stay connected to what's important in medical research and clinical practice, Subscribe to the most trusted and influential source ofmedical knowledge, This article is available to subscribers. Register for 2 FREE subscriber-only articles each month. Already have an account? Information, resources, and support needed to approach rotations - and life as a resident. Information and tools for librarians about site license offerings. Are you a member of an institution such as a university or hospital? When her headaches had progressed to what she described as “the worst pain in her life” and she began to vomit, she decided to go to the emergency department. Print Subscriber? Take It with a Grain of Salt This interactive case features a 56-year-old woman who presents to the ED with a 1-week history of frontotemporal headaches and nausea. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199911183412111. This article has no abstract; the first 100 words appear below. Each interactive case presents an evolving patient history and a series of The idea comes from the fact that food is more easily swallowed if taken with a small amount of salt. Already have an account? The most trusted, influential source of new medical knowledge and clinical best practices in the world. separately or available to subscribers). NEW! Peer-reviewed journal featuring in-depth articles to accelerate the transformation of health care delivery. November 22, 2018N Engl J Med 2018; 379:e38 Take two dried walnuts, two figs and twenty leaves of rue; pound them all together, with the addition of a grain of salt; if a person takes this mixture fasting, he will be proof against all poisons for that day. Subscribe now. Earn 1 ABIM MOC point for each case Pliny’s Naturalis Historia, 77 A.D. translates into modern English thus: But Take the News With a Grain of Salt A Low-Cost Steroid Shows Promise for Treating COVID-19. The authorized source of trusted medical research and education for the Chinese-language medical community. receive immediate feedback on your answers and treatment choices. Are you a member of an institution such as a university or hospital? The content of this site is intended for health care professionals. NEW! But Take the News With a Grain of Salt ... the Lancet and the New England Journal of Medicine… The most effective and engaging way for clinicians to learn, improve their practice, and prepare for board exams. I heard that you can get a free movie ticket if you wear red, but Kevin told me that, so I'm going to take it with a grain of salt. Purchase this article Get Free Access Now. Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org. The most trusted, influential source of new medical knowledge and clinical best practices in the world. Concise summaries and expert physician commentary that busy clinicians need to enhance patient care. Prepare to become a physician, build your knowledge, lead a health care organization, and advance your career with NEJM Group information and services. . American Heart Association Scientific Sessions, From Portraits to Role Models — Why We Need Black Physicians in Academic Medicine, Solving Population-wide Obesity — Progress and Future Prospects, The Bottom of the Health Care Rationing Iceberg, A Cluster-Randomized Trial of Hydroxychloroquine for Prevention of Covid-19, Rivaroxaban in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and a Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve, Once-Weekly Insulin for Type 2 Diabetes without Previous Insulin Treatment, A Randomized Trial of Laryngeal Mask Airway in Neonatal Resuscitation. Subscribe now. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMimc1716086, Caren G. Solomon, M.D., M.P.H., Editor, Amy Miller, M.D., Ph.D., Associate Editor, Bruce D. Levy, M.D., Associate Editor, Joseph Loscalzo, M.D., Ph.D., Associate Editor. The authorized source of trusted medical research and education for the Chinese-language medical community. The findings are of particular interest because they indicate that purchasers of handguns are at high risk for suicide, particularly during the period immediately after the purchase.1 This association is especially strong among women.There are other interesting findings . take (something) with a grain of salt To consider or evaluate something, such as a statement, with the understanding that it may not be completely true or accurate, typically due to the unreliability of the source. . In the original, which is of course in Latin, Pliny wrote "addito salis grano." Information, resources, and support needed to approach rotations - and life as a resident. What's the origin of the phrase 'Take with a grain of salt'? In modern versions of the Latin phrase, we usually use "cum grano salis," which means "with a grain of salt." Stay connected to what's important in medical research and clinical practice, Subscribe to the most trusted and influential source ofmedical knowledge, This Interactive Medical Case is available to subscribers. The article by Wintemute et al.1 in this issue of the Journal adds to the growing literature that connects firearms with increased risks of suicide and homicide.26 Some of these studies have examined the risks associated with the possession of firearms, and some, the risks associated with ownership; now, this article looks at the risks in relation to firearm purchase. Concise summaries and expert physician commentary that busy clinicians need to enhance patient care. Learn more about Institutional Access. The most effective and engaging way for clinicians to learn, improve their practice, and prepare for board exams. questions and exercises designed to test your diagnostic and therapeutic skills. Sign in. A 56-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with a 1-week history of frontotemporal headaches and nausea. Editorial from The New England Journal of Medicine — Firearms and Suicide NEJM Group ... Take It with a Grain of Salt; Peripheral Nerve Blocks for Hand Procedures; Current Issue
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take it with a grain of salt nejm 2020
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Category: Advanced Technology
William Pettis January 12, 2021 0 Comments
The speed at which technology advances is capable of overwhelming us. It could outpace our understanding. What are the reasons for the technological acceleration? The explanation of why it happens is related to technological evolution, increasing exponentially in an almost unstoppable way.
Let’s see, today, tools or methods are being created to develop other, more efficient tools. Those same tools will be used to create those of the generation that follows them… and so on. They are getting better and better, and they are emerging faster and faster.
At the speed of current technological evolution, at the end of the 21st century, the progress achieved will be equivalent not to 100 years but 20,000.
For example, a button: In 1950, manual calculators were used in heavy and rudimentary devices. Thirty years later, personal computers (PCs) were already available. Today – seventy years later – there are many functionalities in a laptop. It can connect with wireless Internet, with access to the cloud for file storage, and linked directly to the functionalities of tablets and smartphones.
What does mass rapid access entail?
It generates motivations for the involvement of capital investments that want to finance incipient projects.
It can encourage and make possible the development and growth of small companies without requiring large investments.
Reduce costs and time needed to profoundly impact millions of users
It involves attracting more media attention and more resources. This allows the hiring of more and better human talent.
Technological advances are related to interconnection, take advantage of the Internet of things, and focus on citizens’ benefit.
Acceleration with reservations
Ah, but be careful! Technological acceleration also creates a risk for participants in different industries: if they do not keep pace with change, they are left behind. Innovation grows exponentially (non-linear), and some view this progressive development with concern. They ensure that he divorces himself from a necessary social and cultural accompaniment.
On the other hand, with the technological acceleration comes an increase in other factors of this same process, in a correlated way.
Inventor and futurist Ray Kurzweil (inventor of the first flatbed scanner) talks about the Law of Accelerated Returns. According to him, the advancement of technology can be measurable in numbers like performance-price and speed. In turn, it can be measured by developing the chips, which will evolve in parallel.
The reasons for the technological acceleration are related to the evolutionary development of trends such as smart cities. These cities generate interconnection, take advantage of the Internet of things, and focus on the inhabitants’ benefit. In turn, they promote convergence and integration.
We are clear about the need to keep pace with this technological evolution. From its conception, the project is aligned with the global advance trends. Among them, the creation of a super app. We believe in using innovative technology and products in an ecosystem that tends towards collaboration and technological advancement.
What impression does the concept of technological acceleration leave on you? In which processes or inventions can you identify the signs of this behavior?
William Pettis December 20, 2020 0 Comments
Colourful Ontario
For the past several years Ontario has attracted a large number of film production houses and producers both at local and international levels. There are several reasons why Ontario is a favorable destination for film producers, and they include diverse sites to pick from, brilliant technical and creative personnel in the industry and variety of favorable weather conditions. Other reasons include state of the art production services and knowledgeable, experienced professionals in the industry and variety of natural beauty. Additionally, Ontario has covered all kinds of geographical terrains and architectural styles.
In Toronto, there are several industrial buildings that offer an excellent setting for film production. The buildings are not only spacious but also magnificent to produce different stages while producing a film. There are also European streetscapes that offer exciting filming stages especially in scenes involving chasing or escapes. There is also an Ivy League style university where university school scenes can be shot complete with required equipment and facilities that might be needed in such a setting. Toronto also has glass and steel skyscrapers which offer spectacular filming stages that are complemented with modern style and outstanding architectural designs.
Toronto city is blessed with cultural and ethnic diversity which makes it a favorite place to shoot film sets that are based in other cities of the world. Different film story sets have been shot in Toronto locations that resemble cultural and ethnicity of cities such as New York, Vienna, Tokyo, Washington, Warsaw and even Tehran. By filming these story sets in Toronto, film production houses and directors have been able to significantly minimize their filming budgets and reduce the time required to prepare the film. That has been possible because the movie directors have been able to move to various cities around the world and carrying their equipment with them.
Casa Loma in Toronto is also an outstanding place to shoot a film, formerly a home to a wealthy businessman; it has a strange architectural design and is a good setting to shoot a film in an opulent palace or a scary background. Toronto city hall is another filming location in which it has provided different filming stages for various film productions especially those that resemble US setting such as Washington D.C. Other beautiful film locations in the US include Niagara Falls and Sheraton on the Falls, which offer natural beauty, and they are also very safe from when landing from the top to the bottom and are also free from dangerous water animals like crocodiles and sharks.
In Ontario and beyond the city of Toronto, the province has an incredible range of diverse locations that includes brilliant, iconic parks and buildings in Ottawa where film directors and producers enjoy shooting their films to Hamilton’s industrial settings. Ottawa, which is also the nation capital, has other unique locations such as British-style buildings which provide convenience for film directors by having a film setting done in Canada instead of going all the way to London. Ottawa also has a Rideau Canal, which is a dazzling location to do a film setting. The parks include Morningside Park and Allen Gardens. The popular streets where films have been shot in Toronto include church street, Yonge Street, and Kingston road.
Northern Ontario has natural wilderness and tundra that are safe and intriguing settings that make the films outstanding. Additionally, Ontario has many tranquil small towns with friendly communities that resemble those in the American Midwest and New England as well.
Ontario is a fascinating place to shoot a film due to all the above exciting locations for filming, as well as the peaceful community because of the province’s stable political environment which provides long-lasting peace in these locations.…
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Women Ironing (1884) by Edgar Degas
Interpretation of Impressionist Genre Painting
MAIN A-Z INDEX
Women Ironing (1884)
By Degas.
Regarded as one of the
great modern paintings of
the nineteenth century.
• Description
• Background
• Analysis of Women Ironing
• Explanation of Other Impressionist Genre Paintings
Name: Women Ironing (Repasseuses) (1884)
Artist: Edgar Degas (1834-1917)
Medium: Oil and pastel on canvas
Type: Genre painting
Movement: Impressionism
Location: Musee d'Orsay, Paris
For an interpretation of other pictures from the 19th and 20th centuries, see: Analysis of Modern Paintings (1800-2000).
Edgar Degas, like his friend Edouard Manet (1832-83), was a classicist in Impressionist clothes. His training at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts and his frequent study of Old Masters in the Louvre Museum gave him a taste and a talent for figure painting, which he refined in a wide range of ballet dancers, racehorses, female nudes and pictures of working women. These figurative works alone cemented Degas' reputation as one of the best genre painters of the 19th century. His belief in classicism, along with his aversion to spontaneous plein air painting - one of the fundamental characteristics of Impressionism - distinguishes him from other members of the Impressionist group. Even so, he can still be ranked among the Impressionists, because of his taste for modern subjects, his loose brushwork, and his constant quest to capture the fleeting moment - albeit through careful observation and precise paintwork in the studio, of which Women Ironing is a perfect example. In addition, Degas participated in 7 out of 8 of the Impressionist Exhibitions in Paris, between 1874 and 1886. See also: Impressionist Painters: Biographies (c.1840-1920).
NOTE: Important works by Degas include: The Bellelli Family (1858-67), Race Horses in front of the Stands (1866-8), The Ballet Class (1871-4), Absinthe (1876), Portraits at the Bourse (1879) and Woman Combing Her Hair (1890).
Analysis of Women Ironing by Degas
Woman Ironing (also known as The Laundresses or Les Repasseuses) in the Musee d'Orsay is one of a series of four variations of this picture - with its two washerwomen, one yawning, the other ironing - which is part of a larger series of women in laundries that Degas began in 1869. Over the next 25 years or so, he continued to exploit this theme which he succeeded in varying by changing the pose, the setting, and above all the lighting (the play of light), which he diversified as much as possible by means of artificial illumination, transparencies, reflections from the washing lying flat or drying on cords from the ceiling. Degas' treatment of this theme reflects the realism that was the vogue in literature at the time, in books such as Manette Salomon (1867), by the Goncourt brothers (1867), and above all L'Assommoir (1877) by Emile Zola, which describes in detail the laundry belonging to Gervaise, where "big Clemence was ironing her thirty-fifth man's shirt". See also Millet's genre paintings of rural workers, including: The Gleaners (1857) and the Man with a Hoe (1862). For more, see: Realism to Impressionism (c.1830-1900).
Following the traditions of Realist painting pioneered by Honore Daumier (1798-1879), Women Ironing is an unsentimental snapshot of the Parisian working class: one which gives Degas ample opportunity to demonstrate his observational and painterly talents. With consummate skill Degas catches the fleeting moment, although it is certain that great deal of preparatory sketching lies behind the seemingly spontaneous result - as he once admitted, "no art was ever less spontaneous than mine". The first washerwoman, a great, strapping wench, is yawning and stretching, with one hand holding her head, and her other, a bottle of wine. In front of her there is neither washing nor iron. She is obviously exhausted and overwhelmed by the heat. Her companion wearily continues at her task. The gestures are marvellously observed. Never has a yawn appeared more natural; never has an iron been pressed downwards with such verisimilitude; and the contrast between the upraised motion of the first woman and the downward motion of her colleague heightens the effect of each.
The realist impact is further enhanced by the grainy, unprepared canvas, while the colour, delightful as it is, does not prettify the working women beyond credulity. Furthermore, Degas has brushed on the crumbling touches of pastel in a way which keeps an edge of roughness by allowing the raw canvas to show through, and so makes the pastel colours vibrate.
By 1884, the Impressionist group was beginning to disperse. Manet was already dead, Monet (1840-1926) had moved to Giverny, Sisley (1839-99) to Fontainebleau, and Pissarro (1830-1903) to Eragny. Renoir was here and there. Meantime, Degas continued working in Paris, producing some of his greatest genre paintings, and a range of stunningly colourful pastel drawings of dancers and other figures. In 1886, he exhibited an impressive series of figure paintings of women at their toilette, which Renoir described as "a piece of the Parthenon" - alluding to the Greek sculpture widely acknowledged to be the leading art of classical antiquity.
NOTE: For the story behind French Impressionism and the group of Parisian artists who created it, see our 10-part series, beginning: Impressionism: Origins, Influences.
Explanation of Other Impressionist Genre Paintings
• The Floor Scrapers (1875) by Gustave Caillebotte.
Musee d'Orsay.
• Luncheon Of the Boating Party (1880-1) by Renoir.
Phillips Collection, Washington DC.
• A Bar at the Folies-Bergere (1882) by Manet.
Courtauld Gallery, London.
• El Jaleo (1882) by John Singer Sargent.
Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, Boston.
• Bathers at Asnieres (1883-4) by Georges Seurat.
National Gallery, London.
• A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte (1884-6) by Seurat.
Art Institute of Chicago.
• Young Woman Sewing (1886) by Mary Cassatt.
• For analysis of other Impressionist genre paintings, see: Homepage.
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ART EDUCATION
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Uncrowned Community Builders
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Biographical information for "Oscar Mathew Bragg"
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Oscar M. Bragg has the distinction of being the second African American Policeman in Buffalo. Bragg was appointed, from the Civil Service list, to the position of patrolman on July 18, 1919. He joined fellow patrolman, George Sarsnett on the force and the two remained the only two African American policemen for a quarter of a century. Like Sarsnett, he was initially assigned to Precinct #4 at 161 Sycamore Street. Bragg was a native of Collierville, Tennessee. His parents were Henry and Mary Waters Bragg. He attended high school in Memphis and completed three years at Lane Preparatory College in Jackson, Tennessee. He then taught school for three years before relocating to Buffalo in 1916. Bragg was married to Marie McCarter Bragg. Bragg remained a policeman for over 40 years. He attained the rank of Detective on January 31, 1946. In 1962 as he was preparing to retire, at the age of 70, he was believed to be the oldest active policeman still working in a metropolitan community. Oscar Bragg died on June 5, 1974 and is buried in Forest Lawn Cemetery in Buffalo, New York.
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Community Foundation for Greater Buffalo and the Joseph R. Takats Foundation Trust.
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Mother language day 2020: Celebrating cross-border languages for peaceful dialogue
UNESCO is celebrating ‘Languages without borders’ for International Mother Language Day 2020 on 21 February.
Bashkiria chances in obtaining funding from Eurasian REC are rated as high
The strategic session dedicated to the creation of a world-class Eurasian Research and Educational Center in the Republic of Bashkortostan was held in the Ufa Congress Hall “Toratau” on February 17.
Yangan-Tau Geopark hosted artisans festival
The masterclasses day was held at the Yangan-Tau Geopark in the village of Mechetlino, Salavatsky district last weekend.
National cuisine restaurant "Bashkortostan" was opened in Moscow
For the first time, a national restaurant "Bashkortostan" opened in Moscow. Politicians and pop stars took part in the official opening of the restaurant.
In Ufa, at the request of the head of Tatarstan , a square named after Gabdulla Tukay will appear
In Ufa, the square in front of the Ufa State Tatar Theater "Nur," on which a monument to Gabdulla Tukay is installed, will be named after this famous poet. Deputies unanimously voted for this decision at the latest meeting of the Ufa Council.
Russian and foreign rock art restorers will gather in Ufa
On February 14-17, Russian and foreign experts in the field of rock art restoration will come to the capital of Bashkortostan. The scientific and production center for the protection and use of immovable objects of the cultural heritage of Bashkortostan together with the Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve "Shulgan-Tash Cave" will hold an expert meeting.
Main events, programs and projects of UNESCO implemented in the Republic of Bashkortostan
UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is an intergovernmental organization. It was founded in 1945 and headquartered in Paris. It consist 193 member states (2019) including the Russian Federation (since 1954). The highest governing body is the General Conference and the executive bodies are the Executive Council and the Secretariat.
58 delegations from 50 countries visited Bashkiria in year - representative of Russian Foreign Ministry in Ufa
Bashkortostan, as one of the most active participants in foreign economic relations, makes a worthy contribution to establishing confidence in relations between Russia and foreign countries, and its integration into the world economy on acceptable terms.
News 9 - 16 из 379
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Social and Political Philosophy [x]
Language and Literature [x]
Dialogue and Universalism [x]
Continental Philosophy 1374
Language and Literature 1374
Social Science 1374
Social and Political Philosophy 1374
Dialogue and Universalism 1374
Editorial 78
Displaying: 61-80 of 1374 documents
61. Dialogue and Universalism: Volume > 14 > Issue: 5/6
Wieńczysław J. Wagner A Bad Dream or Cruel Reality? Some Thoughts on the Origin, Developments and Aftermath of the Warsaw Uprising of 1944
The traditional German policy was to “push to the East”. After signing a non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union, Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939, and the Red Army entered the Polish territory on September 17.The German occupation was marked by terror and executions. A resistance movement was developed, and along a secret government and underground army came into being. It was organized by officers who were not taken prisoners of war and by main political parties. The German retaliation—arrests, tortures, concentration camps—did not deter the Poles from joining the patriotic conspiracy.For about five years, the nation waited for a proper moment to fight the occupants. For the city of Warsaw, it seemed that the good time was the middle of the summer of 1944. The Germans were retreating on all fronts, and the Red Army was on the suburbs of Warsaw, on the right bank of the Vistula. It was expected that it would help the insurgents.The Uprising was intended to last a few days. It ended after more than two months, when the Home Army had no more bullets, and the population—no more food. An honorable surrender was signed with the Germans, by virtue of which the insurgents were treated as allied soldiers rather than bandits to be executed, as was the case at the beginning of the Uprising.
Ignacy Matuszewski, Maciej Bańkowski Warsaw’s Final Days
Jacek J. Jadacki, Aleksandra Rodzińska-Chojnowska Thinkers with Brave Hearts
After recalling the fact that many Polish philosophers participated in national insurgences of the 18th and 19th centuries, the paper presents the philosophical standpoint held by representatives of the lost generation of Professor Władysław Tatarkiewicz’s pupils, killed during the Warsaw Uprising of 1944. The main features of this standpoint were: optimism, realism, creativism, and, first of all, patriotism.
Aleksander Gieysztor, Ewa Gieysztor Introduction to the Conference “The Meaning of Polish History”, Royal Castle, Warsaw, November 4, 1988
The State and the nation belong to the ideas created by the common consciousness, and at the same time, as a true forma formans, have connotations to the world of predominance, influencing the reality. There exist such strong connections, that their understanding is an intellectual duty of those who research nowadays the social links and try to explain them to the contemporary audience.
Michał Pohoski, Maciej Bańkowski Towards the Uprising
An account of a mission to help the Warsaw insurgents by Home Army soldiers from Mińsk Mazowiecki, a small town near Warsaw, and from the county of Mińsk. The mission was called to a forced halt and disarmed by the Red Army, depriving the Warsaw insurgents of the help they needed so badly. Eventually, many of the participants of the mission were sent to the labor camps in the Soviet Union.
Jerzy Pelc Soldiers of the Uprising
The author looks for ideological reasons for which the Poles joined the military organizations. On the basis of his own experience, he attempts to establish a relation between the political attitudes of the Poles and their decision to join respective (right wing or left wing) military units that fought during the war. He states that in many cases the main factor in the decision to defend the country was the heart and not the reason. Political preferences of the young and politically inexperienced soldiers were of little importance in the process of deciding under which banner to fight.
Art Stawinski Truth in Myth and Science
We humans are a curious species. Of all the life forms that inhabit the earth, we alone strive to make sense of the world in which we find ourselves. For thousands of years we understood the world through stories. Our ancestors told stories of how the world began, how our people originated and came to be at this place, and how those people across the river or beyond the mountains came to be where they are. Some stories were of animals and plants in our neighborhood, and their powers to help us, feed us, or cure our ailments. But in the last few centuries, starting in Europe and spreading throughout the world, a new way of understanding began competing with storytelling as a means of comprehending our world. Science supplanted storytelling largely because it empowered us to transform the world in ways that were unimaginable to our ancestors. We understand the world scientifically by describing the world instead of by telling stories about it. The stories our ancestors told no longer explain the world, but are data within the world, part of the world that science (i.e. cultural anthropology) describes. Our stories have become myths, cultural artifacts that may be interesting and a subject of study, but cannot possibly be true. Yet even in societies that have thoroughly embraced science as a means of understanding the world, myths remain a powerful force. Myth and science exist side by side, often creating confusion and conflict.
Werner Krieglstein Compassion: The Focal Point of Any Future Philosophy
Traditional analysis and reductionism put no value on direct experience. Negative Dialectic allows the human mind to return to an experience of mythical connectedness without falling into the trap of ideological isolation. The paper addresses the problem of truth claims of personal experiences by relating the truth of an experience to its context.The quintessential wholeness of the quantum world corresponds with the commonplace experience of the unity of our mind. Mind is an organic part of the growth process of ever-more complex processes and events that comprise the natural world. Today science provides some support for the idea that all individuals embody spontaneity and experience.
Nicholas Maxwell A Revolution for Science and the Humanities: From Knowledge to Wisdom
At present the basic intellectual aim of academic inquiry is to improve knowledge. Much of the structure, the whole character, of academic inquiry, in universities all over the world, is shaped by the adoption of this as the basic intellectual aim. But, judged from the standpoint of making a contribution to human welfare, academic inquiry of this type is damagingly irrational. Three of four of the most elementary rules of rational problem-solving are violated. A revolution in the aims and methods of academic inquiry is needed so that the basic aim becomes to promote wisdom, conceived of as the capacity to realize what is of value, for oneself and others, thus including knowledge and technological know-how, but much else besides. This urgently needed revolution would affect every branch and aspect of the academic enterprise.
Graham Harman Some Preconditions of Universal Philosophical Dialogue
Our own era is widely viewed as a golden age of intellectual tolerance when compared with the persecutions of yesteryear. But in fact, this tolerance serves to mask a fundamental indifference of one perspective to another. Each world view is seen as a personal opinion, walled off from others and immune to challenge or alteration by them. This article blames the current situation in part on the triumph of critical philosophy since Kant. In closing, several concrete and even whimsical proposals are made for remedying the situation and restoring a more wild and fruitful form of intellectual combat of a kind that no longer exists.
Charles S. Brown Overcoming Boundaries of Wisdom: From Eco-phenomenology to Eco-logos
This paper explores the contribution that a Husserlian inspired phenomenology can make to environmental philosophy. In particular I argue that Husserl’s phenomenological critique of naturalism liberates thinking from its metaphysical naïveté thereby opening thought to a new conception of nature, while his theory of intentionality can be adapted to provide new directions for developing an account of axiological rationality which is open to claim that there is goodness and value within non-human nature. Such a form of rationality, based in the dialectic of empty and filled intentions, would begin to provide a discourse in which the goodness and value of non-human nature could be registered, expressed, and articulated in a rational manner. The result will be an experiential grounding for environmental ethics.
I. Bambang Sugiharto Logos without Substance: Wisdom as Seeing through the Absence
The tradition of Western philosophy has been tracing out the significations of logos and centered around logos. This in fact has given birth to many significant results. Through its logical structuring of empirical reality it has made possible critical understanding transcending the past and progressive creation of the future. But this Logology or Logocentrism has eventually also led to its self-destruction and to the brink of absolute nihilism.Along the history, logos has been interpreted in various ways. The history implies that at least in the cosmic, theological and ideological frameworks logos used to be seen as extralinguistic substance; whereas starting from the scientific mode of thinking logos has been seen more as intralinguistic substance (at least up till Logical-Positivism). This ends up in the political perspective in which logos is without substance: mere effects of the play of texts and discourse.While the latter appears like a predicament, the fact is that it can also be taken as a moment of liberation, a liberation from the keen yet stifling Western (Aristotelian) paradigm of logos apophanticos which has animated all kinds of “positivistic” mode of thinking; a liberation from the so-called Metaphysics of Presence, hence an openness towards the Absence, the ambiguity, the indefinability or the elusiveness of reality (Being); an openness towards the richness and complexity of human experience; hence an openness for mutual interogative and transformative dialogues among different semiotic systems, traditions and language games, which would also empower and incorporate non-Western as well as non-scientific mode of thinking into global discourse.Perhaps wisdom lies in the courage to recognize the fact that ultimately reality or the so-called Being is not a substance, but rather, fleeting relations, ever-changing networks, or elusive flux. Wisdom ultimately might mean an ability to come to terms with insecurity, an ability to see through the “absence”.
J. Z. Hubert Replacing Mythos by Logos: An Analysis of Conditions and Possibilities in the Light of Information-Thermodynamic Principles of Social Synergetics and of Their Normative Implications
Religions, ideologies try to give a complete vision of the world a vision containing both its origin, explanation and a “normative kit”: a collection of precepts and rules, which should regulate human activities and behavior. Their synergetic meaning is clear: if embraced by all they allow for development of strong synergetic effects on the social macro scales (i.e. beneficent to all members of society). These in turn may lead to creation of order and beauty, of intellectual, spiritual and moral development within men and in society. In this consist the elements of their natural—i.e. not explicitly reasoned out—wisdom. However, as they contain also some elements of harmful consequences—at least if they are literally accepted and in a fundamentalist manner practiced—they cannot be universally accepted. But—rejecting them we lose also the important sourcesof natural—or should we say instinctive—wisdom.Could the solution of this contradiction, of this one of the basic human sources of suffering be looked for in the modern science of complexity?Synergetics and the sciences of complex systems in general offer a solid scientific base for a meta-philosophical, universalist intellectual framework. Its offspring the social synergetics offers concrete propositions of optimized social structures. Optimized in the sense of espousing (and further developing) the main synergetic effects with being at the same time free of the negative “side effects” happening when religions or ideologies are the source of synergism.Finally a connection is discussed between the presented ideas and the concept of “love of wisdom”. The term “love of wisdom” may be understood as striving not only to possess a “sound and serene judgment regarding the conduct of life” but also a practical ability to act according to that judgment.This ability may be also expressed using the information-thermodynamic concepts of synergetics. Indeed without the ever continuing negentropy transformation neither survival of a complex system like man or society nor its continuing development—uncovering of all his “hidden potentials” is possible.To assure maximization of this transformation process creation of strong synergetic effects—of reinforcement, of positive feedback—between all human beings—i.e. not excluding any nations, any social groups, and any individuals—are necessary. Acting towards local and global realization of such a structure everywhere on our planet constitutes the essence of social wisdom.Removing all obstacles towards this goal—obstacles existing on the intellectual, emotional and spiritual level—should be one of the most important tasks of various institutions, of state structures, of purified from mythical elements ideologies, of man oriented sciences and above all of the modern universalism.Thus striving towards its realization is an expression of the love of wisdom. Of wisdom once based on the elements of mythos and now regained in the full light of Logos.
Editors Wisdom: Systemic Research and University Education
Edward Demenchonok Intercultural Discourse and African-Caribbean Philosophy
The explosion of publications on race, gender, and minority cultures during recent decades was a natural reaction to the universalistic pretensions of Western philosophy, for which many of these issues were invisible. The theoretical articulation of these issues has substantially contributed to the transformation of philosophy. However, the side-effect of an overemphasis on difference is an underestimating of unity, which may lead to disintegration. The challenge to philosophical thought on race, gender, and culture is to reconcile the difference with commonality, and diversity with unity. This essay explores the issues of cultural identity and intercultural relations and their interpretation in African-Caribbean thought. The first part of the essay surveys the current debate over multiculturalism, which promotes diversity but overlooks the interrelations of cultures, and the alternative ideas of interculturality or the dialogue of cultures. Thedissatisfaction with multiculturalism and postmodern relativism stimulated alternative approaches, such as “transculture” and “intercultural philosophy”. Mikhail Epstein criticizes relativism from the perspective of “critical universalism” and develops the concept of “transculture”. Raúl Fornet-Betancourt’s project of the intercultural transformation of philosophy asserts the cultural embedding of philosophical thinking and draws attention to the indigenous and African thought. The second half of the essay focuses on the ideas of identity and interculturality as they are expressed in African-Caribbean philosophy. This philosophy is viewed as a part of Africana philosophy. Various theoretical approaches to the issues of race and culture are examined: Charles Mills’ concept of “racial contract”, Lewis Gordon’s “Africana philosophy of existence”, and Paget Henry’s project of Africana philosophy, which combines the existentialphenomenological approach with analysis of the discursive formations in search for the identity of this philosophy. The analysis shows that in the evolution of African-Caribbean philosophy, as in Latin American and other “Third World philosophies”, the initial focus on the search for identity is followed by more interest in dialogical relationships with other philosophies as a condition for its own development.
Ulrich Seeberg Philosophy—The Narrow Door to the Teaching of Wisdom: A Kantian Position
The aim of this paper is to explain the Kantian concept of philosophy according to which philosophy can be understood as the narrow door to the teaching of wisdom. This discussion is guided by the question about the relation between logos and mythos. The thesis is that the awareness of the limits of logos, the scientific approach to the world, can be regarded as a presupposition for a proper understanding of mythos, the articulation of wisdom, which expresses the unity of contradictory elements of life. Philosophy has the function of mediating between reason and wisdom by making explicit the limits of scientific explanation. This opens a field of unrestricted and therefore not scientifically explicable thoughts: the sphere of ideas that are accessible in Ethics and Aesthetics.
Grant Havers Political Philosophy and the Love of Wisdom: Leo Strauss and the “New” Conservatism
The “new” conservatism which dominates American politics is fundamentally different from both liberalism and traditional conservatism. For the neoconservatives, who are influenced by the political philosopher Leo Strauss, fault liberalism for undermining the authority of absolute morality and natural inequality in favor of relativism and openness. Yet they also repudiate the old European conservatism for failing to defy the currents of modernity with anything more than an appeal to tradition. In fine, neoconservatism rejects, despite its own modern origins, modernity itself.
Steven V. Hicks Mythos, Logos and the Love of Wisdom
Karin Melis Reading Medea and Hecuba: The Tragic in Unconditional Love
If, as I propose, Hecuba represents fate and Medea contingency, taken together they constitute as well as reveal the tragic within the tension between the ontological and empirical status of man as it is embodied in the clash between necessity and freedom. Viewing this tension within the perspective of the unconditional status of the love of the mother, I will show how both narratives belong to the realm of possibilities and cause, what Ricoeur calls “suffering for the sake of understanding”. I will argue that the phenomenon of the unconditional love of the mother is in itself tragic and open to both the appearance of both Medea and Hecuba.
Herman E. Stark Philosophy as Wonder
I argue that the love of wisdom can be recovered by reawakening in humans the genuine sense of wonder, i.e., by recovering the transformed condition in which humans experience philosophical asking as a meaning-bestowing and existentially-transforming phenomenon. Wonder in this sense is primarily a metaphysical and not psychological state, and it is evoked by the transforming phenomenon of philosophical asking. Philosophical asking is not reducible to a something, e.g., a sentence in question-form, that provokes the setting up and critique of theories but rather is essentially a way of existing, a dwelling, that is marked by the astonishment of watching the world, and ourselves, open up and transfigure by our very asking, i.e., by our existing as askers.
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West High Yield Resources Retains Macam Investor Relations
NOT FOR DISSEMINATION IN THE UNITED STATES OR TO US PERSONS.
West High Yield (W.H.Y.) Resources Ltd. (TSX VENTURE:WHY) ("West High Yield" or the "Company") is pleased to advise that it has entered into a consulting agreement with Macam Investor Relations ("Macam IR") to provide investor relation services, subject to regulatory and TSX Venture Exchange ("TSXV") approval. Macam IR will initiate and maintain contact with the financial community, shareholders, investors and other stakeholders for the purpose of increasing awareness of West High Yield and its activities.
The initial term of the agreement between West High Yield and Macam IR is for a six month period subject to renewal or earlier termination by either party. Macam IR will receive a monthly fee of $7,500. In addition, subject to regulatory approval, Macam IR will be granted 300,000 options at an exercise price of $0.30. The stock options have standard vesting provisions and will expire two years from the date of issuance.
West High Yield is developing a substantial magnesium resource at its Record Ridge South property near Rossland, B.C. The Company controls approximately 6,134 contiguous hectares of mineral and crown granted claims on its property. The Company has obtained a NI 43-101 Reserve Report prepared by SRK Consulting of Denver, Colorado indicating 9,160,000 gross tonnes of magnesium (7,145,000 tonnes recoverable) on the property. Visit the West High Yield website at www.whyresources.com for more information about West High Yield.
READER ADVISORY
This news release may contain certain forward-looking statements, including management's assessment of future plans and operations, and capital expenditures and the timing thereof, that involve substantial known and unknown risks and uncertainties, certain of which are beyond the Company's control. Such risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, risks associated with mining exploration, development, exploitation, production, marketing and transportation, loss of markets, volatility of commodity prices, currency fluctuations, imprecision of reserve estimates, environmental risks, competition from other explorers and producers, inability to retain drilling rigs and other services, delays resulting from or inability to obtain required regulatory approvals and ability to access sufficient capital from internal and external sources, the impact of general economic conditions in Canada, the United States and overseas, industry conditions, changes in laws and regulations (including the adoption of new environmental laws and regulations) and changes in how they are interpreted and enforced, increased competition, the lack of availability of qualified personnel or management, fluctuations in foreign exchange or interest rates, stock market volatility and market valuations of companies with respect to announced transactions and the final valuations thereof, and obtaining required approvals of regulatory authorities. The Company's actual results, performance or achievements could differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements and, accordingly, no assurances can be given that any of the events anticipated by the forward-looking statements will transpire or occur, or if any of them do so, what benefits, including the amount of proceeds, that the Company will derive therefrom. Readers are cautioned that the foregoing list of factors is not exhaustive. All subsequent forward-looking statements, whether written or oral, attributable to the Company or persons acting on its behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. Furthermore, the forward-looking statements contained in this news release are made as at the date of this news release and the Company does not undertake any obligation to update publicly or to revise any of the included forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by applicable securities laws.
42,820,394 Common Shares Issued
Neither the TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.
West High Yield (W.H.Y.) Resources Ltd.
Frank Marasco
frank@whyresources.com
Dwayne Vinck
vinck@shaw.ca
Macam Investor Relations
Justin Cubberley
VP, Trading & Research
jcubberley@macamgroup.com
www.macamgroup.com
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Posted by Darren Marchal - October 2, 2018
Q3-Market Performance Review
Yesterday was the first day of the Fourth Quarter of 2018, so it’s a good time to assess where markets are for the year. Nobody should change their portfolios radically based on recent market moves, and, to the extent that anybody does, the bias should be selling what has dropped and buying what has surged. But, from time to time, it can be useful to observe recent trends.
The first thing to notice about market returns through the first three quarters of 2018 is that U.S. stocks are up again. The S&P 500 Index closed the Third Quarter up 10.58% for the year, including dividends. Mid-cap stocks were up too, though less dramatically. The Russell Midcap Index gained 7.45% for the year through the Third Quarter. Small-cap stocks have gained about as much as the S&P 500, with the Russell 2000 Index up 11.51% for the year. And the Russell Megacap 50 Index also has a similar gain for the year of 11.69%.
Two Discrepancies
If U.S. stocks are having a good year, international stocks aren’t. The MSCI EAFE Index, which tracks stocks from developed countries, lost 1.43% for the year through the end of the Third Quarter. The MSCI Emerging Markets Index (MSCI EM NR) has done ever worse, shedding 7.68% for the year through the end of the quarter. Much of those losses are attributable to the dollar’s surge against foreign currencies, especially those of emerging markets. When U.S investors buy foreign stocks or a foreign stock fund, they typically get two sources of return, the stock’s return in its own market and the foreign currency’s return versus the U.S. dollar. That second return has hurt U.S. investors in foreign stocks this year, as the dollar has surged. A dollar surge also puts emerging markets under a cloud because emerging markets countries and companies borrow in U.S. dollars, making a dollar surge especially burdensome for them.
A second discrepancy is the difference in value and growth stocks. Value stocks tend to trade with lower price-earnings and price/book ratios, while growth stocks tend to trade with higher ratios precisely because of their anticipated growth in earnings and/or book value. The Russell 1000 Value Index rose a tepid 3.92% for the year, while the Russell 1000 Growth Index surged by 17.09%. the top-5 holding of the Russell 1000 Growth Index are Apple (AAPL), Microsoft (MSFT), Amazon (AMZN), Facebook (FB), and Alphabet (GOOG). The only one of the so-called “FAANG”s that it’s missing is Netflix, and the FAANG stocks have gained more than the overall market.
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Jokers - Andy Wing
Painting, Acrylic on wood
Verso dated 1979-83
Andrew Staley Wing (American, 1931-2004) was one of many American abstract artists whose art was grounded in the forms, materials and cadences of nature. Born on September 14, 1931 in Greenwich, Connecticut, Wing grew up in an artistic East Coast family. Wing took classes at the Art Students League in New York City, where he was influenced by the burgeoning Abstract Expressionist movement. At Bard College, he studied art under luminaries Louis Schanker and Stefan Hirsch, graduating in 1955. He moved to Laguna Beach, California in 1956 and received his MFA from Long Beach State College in 1962.
Wing painted outdoors, often on the roof of his Laguna Canyon home, where, with various dramatic gestures, he would throw vessels of carefully mixed pigment and water solutions onto his explosive canvases. He was very much influenced by the patterns and palettes of the seasons, and would often strategically leave his canvases exposed to the elements to age and develop unique patinas. His forward-thinking passion for conservation often drove him to repurpose found materials in his paintings and constructions.
Andy Wing died in Laguna Beach, California on February 3, 2004, two years after the Laguna Art Museum hosted a retrospective exhibition of his work, The Chances of Andy Wing.
Wing received numerous awards for his paintings and drawings and exhibited throughout the country.
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Call The Forum Call The Kemp Sign Up For Email
The mission of the Arts Council is to nurture and strengthen the artistic, cultural, and educational quality of the community and surrounding area.
The Arts Council is committed to inspiring an artistic and cultural awakening… one mind at a time. We are dedicated to raising awareness in the region through our community art events and venues.
We strive to enrich the mind and satisfy the soul artistically through accountability, integrity, and respect to the communities we serve. We provide our non-profit member organizations with a brick-and-mortar home rich in cultural history giving sustainability, stewardship, and value to their members and their missions.
The Arts Council is comprised of two historic buildings: The Kemp and The Forum. Through extensive capital campaigns and broad community support, we have renovated and restored each of these buildings to return them to their former glory and re-purpose each to create viable arts and cultural centers for generations to come. The buildings are official Texas historical and Wichita Falls landmarks.
The Kemp
The Kemp (1300 Lamar Street) was built in 1917 at the request of Flora Kemp who, when asked by her husband Joseph what she would like for her birthday, suggested a public library. The library opened its doors in 1918 with a donation of 4000 books provided by the community. In 1998, the City of Wichita Falls leased the then-defunct historic building to the Arts Council, which began an extensive renovation project to restore the building. The result was The Kemp Center for the Arts, which opened it’s doors in 2002. Currently the building and grounds house 5 gallery exhibit spaces, three classrooms and an auditorium, all available for room rental.
The Forum (2120 Speedway Avenue) began in 1927 as the home of The Woman’s Forum, a women’s social and philanthropic organization founded by the women of Wichita Falls’ rapidly expanding ranch and oil community. In 2010 the aging building was deeded to the Arts Council and an extensive renovation project was undertaken to restore and repair the facility. Currently known as “The Forum”, the building helps support the Arts Council’s Performance Arts programming and provides over 12000 square feet of room rental.
The Arts Council is proud to have served the greater Wichita Falls community for 25 years. In that time, we’ve grown to encompass the heart of arts education in Wichita Falls. Looking forward, our mission is to expand our current platform for visual and performance arts while increasing educational outreach to the community.
In 2018, we served the community through:
2 historic buildings, preserved and restored for public use
Brick-and-mortar housing for 5 Non-Profits
Meeting place for 50+ Member Organizations
Art center open 7 days a week, providing a welcoming local destination for both tourists and locals
30,000+ visitors brought to Wichita Falls through Arts Council programming
20,000+ visitors at Home & Garden, Mystery Art, ArtZeum and Cowboy True events
28 unique gallery exhibits featuring local, regional and national visual artists
20 years of scholarship awarded to MSU Fine Arts students
5000+ students inspired to life-long and life-changing learning:
Distance Learning – reaching 1000+ local and rural students each month with real-time classroom instruction
Art In Transition –teaching art in the county jails system
Memories In The Making – allowing caregivers and loved ones to overcome the daily stress of memory loss through creative action
© Copyright 2021 - Arts Council, Wichita Falls Area, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Why Do Conservatives Continue to Watch Network TV?
In light of the episode of Scandal, in which a woman has an abortion to the tune of Silent Night, Matt Walsh rants:
Everyone who tunes into MSNBC knows they're going to be watching a bunch of propaganda merchants desperately shill for the Obama Administration. The real danger is the progressive proselytizing from Hollywood and these "entertainment" outlets like ABC. If your children are brainwashed by anything they see on television, it won't be Anderson Cooper or MSNBC pundits doing the damage. It will be mainstream sitcoms and dramas and awards shows and whatever else our pop culture produces.
But here's the thing: ABC wouldn't survive if so-called "conservatives" and Christians stopped watching. So, seriously, why are we watching?
Because if we stopped watching Hollywood, we would have nothing else to watch.
There are Christians in this world who are extremely committed to the Culture War and live their lives in conformity to those values.
They are a small minority.
Most Christians and like-minded conservatives are happy to give lip-servive to the Culture War, but don't really fight it.
If they gave up all their leisure, all their entertainment, they would be impoverished.
I noticed this when I became a serious Catholic in my teens, growing up. I wanted to live my Catholic faith, but it meant giving up about 90% of my entertainment. Even shows I thought were redeemable-- Like Absolutely Fabulous-- had some questionable sides to it because there was a lot of open drug use and mention of promiscuous sex (but that's why it was redeemable, because it mocked that whole jet set culture.)
I realized when I was growing up that I would never be the famous poet that I wanted to be because the things that I wrote about, nobody cared about. I never completely stopped writing poetry, but I don't devote myself to it. It's too time-consuming for little return.
But that's life as a cultural conservative. It's a life of entertainment poverty. And maybe instead of telling people not to watch ABC, we need to compete with ABC.
It's not the first time I've said this. And I'm sure I'm not the only one who thinks this. It's just that it's really frustrating. I know this entertainment juggernaut is probably the biggest factor keeping us down. I think Christians really should examine what they're watching and ask themselves whether it's good for their soul. But it's the reality of human nature that people want to be entertained. There's nothing wrong with entertainment. It's good to fill your head with stories. It's one of the things that makes us human. But if you want people to give something up, you have to be able to offer an alternative.
It's also frustrating because I know that some people are trying to change the cultural scene, but I think we're still experiencing growing pains. I have seen a number of right-wing initiatives and they've all fizzled. But that's the nature of the cultural business, most of what is produced in the beginning of any movement is bad-- sometimes painfully so-- and eventually develops a reputation for being bad. It's like Canadian literature from the 1970s or Korean cars in the 1980s. But we have to go throw that bad phase to learn how to make good stuff. I just hope more people become aware of the need to support conservative artists.
abortion|Catholic|ccot|culture|prolife|tcot|tv. roft|
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Angelina Jolie Source
your original source for all things Jolie
Categories Causes UNHCR Special Envoy
Why Nato must defend women’s rights
Posted December 11, 2017 Written
by Em
Article written by Angelina and Jens Stoltenberg for The Guardian. A very important article so be sure to read it!
All violence against women betrays the fundamental promise in the UN Charter of equal rights and dignity for women. It is one of the prime reasons why women remain in a subordinate position in relation to men in most parts of the world.
When this violence is committed as an act of war it tears apart families, creates mass displacement, and makes peace and reconciliation far harder to achieve. In fact, it is often designed expressly to achieve those goals as part of a military strategy.
Despite being prohibited by international law, sexual violence continues to be employed as a tactic of war in numerous conflicts from Myanmar to Ukraine and Syria to Somalia. It includes mass rape, gang rape, sexual slavery, and rape as a form of torture, ethnic cleansing and terrorism. It accounts in large part for why it is often more dangerous to be a woman in a warzone today than it is to be a soldier.
In our different roles we have seen how conflicts in which women’s bodies and rights are systematically abused last longer, cause deeper wounds and are much harder to resolve and overcome. Ending gender-based violence is therefore a vital issue of peace and security as well as of social justice.
The Nato Alliance was founded to safeguard not just the security but also the freedom of its peoples: in the words of President Harry Truman, as “a shield against aggression and the fear of aggression”.
For nearly 70 years Nato has stood for collective defence against military threats. But also for the defence of democracy, individual liberty, the rule of law and the UN Charter.
We believe that Nato has the responsibility and opportunity to be a leading protector of women’s rights.
In particular, we believe Nato can become the global military leader in how to prevent and respond to sexual violence in conflict, drawing on the strengths and capabilities of its member states and working with its many partner countries.
Over the coming months we will be working together and with others to identify ways in which Nato can strengthen its contribution to women’s protection and participation in all aspects of conflict-prevention and resolution.
First, by building on Nato’s commitment to integrate gender issues into its strategic thinking as part of its values and reinforcing a culture of the integration of women throughout the organization including in leadership positions.
Nato’s senior military leaders, have a vital role to play in being positive role models, and promoting the role of women in the military.
Second, by helping to raise the standards of other militaries. Nato and Allied countries are involved every day in training partner militaries around the world. We want to explore ways in which existing training on the protection of human rights and civilians, including against sexual violence, can be strengthened.
Third, Nato has developed standard operating practices for soldiers in the field, learned through mandatory pre-deployment training. Standards and training are not the only answer, but they ensure that personnel recognize the different ways in which women and girls are affected by conflict and are trained to prevent, recognize and respond to sexual and gender-based violence.
This is a vital part of helping to create lasting cultural changes, including debunking the myths that fuel sexual violence and deepening understanding of the centrality of protection and rights for women in the creation of lasting peace and security.
Fourth, Nato already deploys gender advisers to local communities in Kosovo and Afghanistan, while Nato’s female soldiers are able to reach and engage with local communities. Stronger awareness of the role that gender plays in conflict improves military operational effectiveness and leads to improved security. Strengthening this culture can only benefit Nato’s contribution to peace and security over the long term.
Fifth, Reporting on conflict-related sexual violence is now one of the tasks of Nato commanders. Nato is also creating a reporting system to record instances of gender-based violence compatible with UN Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Arrangements.
With this data, which will be shared with the UN, Nato soldiers will be able to discern patterns and trends so that they will be able to respond more quickly to prevent potential violence. By reporting crimes and supporting work to bring perpetrators to justice, Nato can challenge the culture of impunity, including for senior leaders and those most responsible.
Nato Allies have strongly committed to put these issues front and center every day, in how they train soldiers, in how they operate in the field, and in how they interact with civilians who find themselves in combat zones.
We will also be urging more concerted action in the wider world. By working together with business, civil society, governments and political leadership writ large, international organizations such as Nato can help lead the way toward ending impunity for sexual violence in conflict.
It is humanity’s shame that violence against women, whether in peaceful societies or during times of war, has been universally regarded as a lesser crime. There is finally hope that we can change this. We owe it to ourselves – men and women alike – and to future generations.
Jens Stoltenberg is NATO Secretary General. Angelina Jolie is co-founder of the Preventing Sexual Violence in Conflict Initiative
Tags: Causes: 2017 UNHCR UNHCR: 2017
Source: Source: The Guardian (UK)
“The Hollywood Reporter” photos and interview
“First They Killed My Father” nominated for a Golden Globe
Celebrating 20 years since the original
release on December 8, 1999
"A word of advice, don't point your fucking finger at crazy people!"
Information Photos Movie Clips
Oscars Photos Oscars Clips
A gorilla named Ivan tries to piece together his past with the help of an elephant named Stella as they hatch a plan to escape from captivity.
Maleficent 2
The complex relationship of Maleficent and Aurora continues to be explored as they face new threats to the magical land of the Moors.
Before Alice went to Wonderland, and before Peter became Pan, they were brother and sister.
The Kept
A woman returns to her isolated homestead to discover that her husband and four children were murdered. The woman is injured by a shot and is tended to by her remaining son, Caleb, who survived by hiding in the pantry.
Those Who Wish Me Dead
A teenage murder witness finds himself pursued by twin assassins in the Montana wilderness with a survival expert tasked with protecting him - and a forest fire threatening to consume them all.
Announced Projects
(Children News Show) Our World
(Documentary) Women Make Film
(Documentary) Bright Path
(Animated) Kung Fu Panda 4
Angelina Supports
Magazine Alerts
Marie Claire (US) - December 4, 2018
The Evening Standard (UK) - November 23, 2018
Hello (UK) - October 15, 2018
Elite Affilliates
Brangelina Forum
Apply/View Affiliates
2019 | Angelina Jolie Source
Angelina-Jolie.com on Twitter
Angelina-Jolie.com on FaceBook
Angelina-Jolie.com on Tumblr
This is an unofficial non-profit fansite dedicated to Angelina Jolie in hopes to help promote her career, the causes she supports and to help fans finding information, media and the latest news. It first came online in 2001 and has been online back and forth under different domains, and is now back online at angelina-jolie.com since early 2017.
This site has no official affiliation with Angelina Jolie or her agents - it is run by fans for fans. The webmaster(s) of this website claim no ownership to any material seen on this website and is used, to the best of their knowledge, under the "Fair Use" copyright laws.
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HomeAbout UsFaculty and StaffAlpha Index
Faculty and staff last names starting with V
Vossel, Keith, M.D., M.Sc.
Center Director, Mary S. Easton Center for Alzheimer's Disease Research Center at UCLA
Professor, Department of Neurology
Specialty: Behavioral Neurology, Alzheimer's Disease, Frontotemporal Dementia, Dementia with Lewy Bodies, Early-onset Dementia, Epilepsy Clinic Appts: (310) 794-1195
UCLA-Easton Center Administration
Vinters, Harry V., M.D., F.C.A.P.,F.R.C.P.(C), F.F.Path.(R.C.P.I.)
Distinguished Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine of Neurology (Emeritus), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
Chief, Section of Neuropathology (Emeritus), UCLA Medical Center
Daljit S. & Elaine Sarkaria Chair in Diagnostic Medicine
Member, Brain Research Institute & Mental Retardation Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
Specialty: Neuropathology Tel: (310) 825-6191
Easton Center - Neuropathology Core
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Purchase Offers Are in For First National Center
Published: Thu, July 17, 2014 12:00 AM Updated: Thu, July 17, 2014 9:40 PM
Today, July 17, 2014, was the day the development community has awaited for months.
First National Center, built over three phases with the tower built in 1931,cursed in recent yearswith a series of out-of-state owners who did little but make matters worse with either a poor misunderstanding of the market or out-right financial mismanagement. Consider that one owner sold the building just as electric cut-off notices were being left at the entrance, while the last owner is now a convicted felon who was hit with allegations of fraud and deception from coast to coast.
The current owners, Los Angeles-based Joshua Paradise LLC., are textile owners and investors who obtained the building through a quirky transaction involving the last owner, Aaron Yashouafar, as he was within hours of losing control in a bank foreclosure action. Local investment groups have long wanted to buy the property, but not at the prices they’ve seen as being inflated (more than $25 million).
The building is listed as being 26 percent occupied, though that occupancy is set to further plunge with a handful of tenants set to leave soon, including the petroleum library. Restrooms are located between floors in the tower, and the middle building is pretty much mothballed. The complex is just under 1 million square feet, yet it has no garage of its own. Emily Dobson-Timm, the longtime property manager who kept the building steady through these troubled recent years left a few months ago.
Joshua-Paradise LLC. told prospective bidders to offer up their best bid and submit it today. City officials advised that a successful redevelopment likely will require public participation and that the city prefers to work with a local owner they know and trust. But at least one respected local group dropped out from bidding, and I am told one nationally respected group with a good track record is among those submitting a bid.
A common theme in almost all of the proposals I am tracking is that the historic tower will be converted into a hotel that includes incorporation of the Great Banking Hall as a lobby, and housing on the upper floors. A redevelopment also would likely include conversion of the middle and possibly the east buildings into structured parking.
Amy Dunn, a broker with CBRE representing the owners, was tight-lipped about the bids at the close of business on Thursday. She previously disclosed several potential buyers had toured the property and out-of-town interests were impressed with what they saw transpiring downtown.
“We have had a good response, even on a rainy day,” Dunn said late Thursday afternoon. “We will be waiting to go to the next. We’ve got the offers. We will call for a best and final and we will know what’s next then.”
CommentsPurchase Offers Are in For First National Center
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Pair of Brough bowls
Pair of Brough bowls (mark)
This item is not for sale, but you will
find many that are in our
Pair of Brough bowls - 4¾" (120 mm) diameter, 2⅝" (66 mm) high.
Brough, Alan
Alan Brough - 2001
Alan Brough was born in 1924 in Wilmslow, Cheshire. His father (also Alan Brough) was a Manchester sculptor, well-known for his busts of George V and George VI and for his carving in coal of coalminers working at the face. After studying at the Camberwell School of Art in London from 1946 to 1950 he became a potter. He won the first prize of £200 at the International Handicraft Exhibition at Earls Court in 1953 for his exhibit - a three-legged bowl.
In 1956 he started Deacon Pottery in Central London with his friend from art school, Tony Deacon. By 1968 his reputation was such that when Bill Marshall had to give up some of his duties at the Leach Pottery to assist Bernard Leach, who was getting too old to throw his own pots, Bernard asked Alan to to come to St Ives to take care of organising the students' work and learning activities.
He stayed at the Leach for four years before starting his own pottery, Alan Brough Pottery, in nearby Newlyn, Cornwall. He now lives just outside Penzance, and does his potting in a small workshop not far from home. Alan's work is noted for his attention to form. He works mainly in porcelain and stoneware, and his work is now sold at the Leach Pottery.
The Leach Legacy by Marion Whybrow
© Copyright 2000-2021 The Pottery Studio. All rights reserved.
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Debate: Charter schools
Are charter schools a good idea? In New Orleans?
Background and context:
Charter schools are elementary or secondary schools in the United States that receive public money but have been freed from some of the rules, regulations, and statutes that apply to other public schools in exchange for some type of accountability for producing certain results, which are set forth in each school's charter. While charter schools provide an alternative to other public schools, they are part of the public education system and are not allowed to charge tuition. Where space at a charter school is limited, admission is frequently allocated by lottery based admissions. Some charter schools provide a curriculum that specializes in a certain field-- e.g. arts, mathematics, etc. Others simply seek to provide a better and more efficient general education than nearby public schools
Some charter schools are founded by teachers, parents, or activists who feel restricted by traditional public schools. State-run charters (schools not affiliated with local school districts) are often established by non-profit groups, universities, and some government entities. Additionally, school districts sometimes permit corporations to open chains of for-profit charter schools. After Minnessotta first enacted charter school laws in 1991, the charter school movement has grown substantially, with 40 states adopting charter laws by 2008 and over 3,400 charter schools opening to serve roughly one million American students. A major demonstration of this rising popularity is occurring in New Orleans where, following hurricane Katrina in 2005, the city has rebuilt its education system predominantly around charter schools. As the movement has growth in popularity, so has the debate. The main questions involved in the debate include: Do charter schools and students perform better? Do charter teachers work more freely and effectively? Is the more specific mission focus of charter schools valuable? Do charter schools compete with other traditional public schools? Is this good or bad? Do charter schools create a two-tiered and segregated system of education? Do charter schools give parents/students greater choice? Are charter school more cost-effective? Do the overall pros and cons favor charter schools for public policy?
See Wikipedia: Charter schools for more background.
1. Are charter schools a good idea? In New Orleans? |
2. Background and context: |
3. Performance: Are charter schools and students performing better? | | | |
4. Teachers: Do charter schools promote better teachers and teaching? | | | |
5. Mission: Are the missions of charter schools sound? | | | |
6. Choice: Do charter schools offer beneficial choices to parents/students? | | | |
7. Competition: Do charter schools foster beneficial competition? | | | |
8. Economics: Are charter schools more economical? | | | |
9. Diversity: Do charter schools help promote diversity and integration? | | | |
10. Reform: Do charter schools help advance education reform? | | | |
11. New Orleans: Are charter schools in post-Katrina New Orleans a good idea? | | | |
12. Pro/con resources | | | |
13. See also |
14. External links |
Performance: Are charter schools and students performing better?
Charter schools are performing better than public schools Scot Lehigh. "A strong case for more charter schools". Boston Globe. January 7, 2009 - "Compared with students in traditional schools, charter school students are doing significantly better in math and English, according to the analysis by researchers from Harvard and MIT."
"Orleans charters score better on LEAP than traditional schools". The Times Picayune. July 31, 2007 - "In scores released this week, charter schools such as Wright posted higher scores at every grade level, with some showing vast improvement over their pre-Katrina, pre-charter performance under the Orleans Parish School Board."
Adaptive charter schools can make necessary changes Jonathan Bertsch, KIPP's director of operations in New Orleans, said in a June 2008 Washington Post article: "The main difference is that most of the charters have the freedom to change, to get better, to hire the people they need to make the school better." [1]
Charter schools perform no better than public schools "Reining in Charter Schools". New York Times (Editorial). May 10, 2006 - "several studies have shown that on the whole, charter schools perform no better than other public schools."
Competition created by charter schools distracts from the classroom "Reining in Charter Schools". New York Times (Editorial). May 10, 2006 - "uncertainty has created budgeting havoc and simply forced the diversion of much of the attention of district leaders away from the classroom as a matter of financial survival. Every year, there were schools to close and costs to cut. Three years after the first charter school opened, Dayton had slipped to last in the state’s rating system — worse even than Cleveland, the traditional testing doormat in Ohio. Three years later, Dayton still is at the bottom."
Charter schools proliferated too quickly to monitor "Reining in Charter Schools". New York Times (Editorial). May 10, 2006: "some states have opened so many charter programs so quickly that they can barely count them, let alone monitor student performance."
Teachers: Do charter schools promote better teachers and teaching?
Charter school administrators can hand-pick the best teachers New Orleans' Fischer Elementary School principal Dahme Bolden was quoted in an October 2006 NPR article saying: "The difference [between the former system and new charter schools] is I can hand-pick my teachers. As a result, I see more leadership from the teaching staff, [more] enthusiasm, I see more teaching and learning going on."[2]
Competition b/w teachers in charter schools incentivizes performance New Orleans KIPP Believe College Prep school teacher Scarlet Feinberg said in a October 2006 NPR article: "It's great pressure, I mean it's pressure that makes you work harder, that gives you a sense of urgency every day that they must learn these skills. If you don't produce the results that need to be produced, it's very possible that you could lose your job."[3]
Charter schools promote teacher independence and character Elly Jo Rael. "A Summary of Arguments For and Against Charter Schools": "Charter schools promote teacher autonomy and empowerment. Due to decreased regulation teachers can maintain a greater sense of freedom to develop their own unique styles of pedagogy, and are able to adopt new methods without fear of administrative sanctions. Thus, the best teachers in the educational system will be attracted by higher levels of autonomy. Furthermore, by empowering teachers, charter schools will increase teacher motivation and innovation making the profession attractive."
Charter school competition distracts from teaching "Reining in Charter Schools". New York Times (Editorial). May 10, 2006 - "uncertainty has created budgeting havoc and simply forced the diversion of much of the attention of district leaders away from the classroom as a matter of financial survival. Every year, there were schools to close and costs to cut. Three years after the first charter school opened, Dayton had slipped to last in the state’s rating system — worse even than Cleveland, the traditional testing doormat in Ohio. Three years later, Dayton still is at the bottom."
Charter schools spend more on administration Deborah Bach. "School Board digs in against charter schools". Seattle PI. December 17, 2003 - "The Seattle School Board intends to make a pre-emptive strike against charter school legislation that came close to passing last session, despite being turned down by voters twice in the past. [...] At its Jan. 7 meeting, the board is expected to adopt a resolution opposing charter schools. [...] The proposed resolution cites a study last year by the American Federation of Teachers that found that charter schools spend a greater percentage of their resources on administration, less on infrastructure and provide fewer services than the districts they reside in."
Charter schools actively resist teacher unionization Seth Sandronsky. "Rethinking Charter Schools". Weekend Edition. September 27, 2008 - "Charter schools, begun two decades ago to spur innovation in learning and teaching, have been a force to push out labor unions. It is common for teachers at charter schools to be at-will employees, with no job protections."
Mission: Are the missions of charter schools sound?
The mission focus of charter schools helps promote success "Contracting for Success: Charter Schools Offer Choice". Duke University. Summer 2005 - "The charter that establishes each school is a performance contract detailing the school’s mission, program, goals, enrollment limits, assessment methods, and criteria for success. Approval of the charter is contingent on a clearly described instructional program. Most charters are granted for three to five years, but they can be revoked if the state determines that student achievement has not been demonstrated or that the terms of the contract have not been met."
Charter schools focus more on behavior and self-esteem "Charter Schools' Big Experiment". Washington Post. June 9, 2008 - "many New Orleans parents are embracing charter schools. Shajuandra Steptore, a nursing student, said she was not impressed by the regular public schools that her bright but sometimes troublesome daughter A'sha attended before the hurricane. When Alford's school opened, Steptore said, she was drawn to its promise 'to focus on behavior and on self-esteem.' After a year at Langston Hughes, A'sha is finishing fifth grade. Her behavior has improved along with her reading and math, and Steptore plans to keep her in charters permanently."
Charter schools can unconventionally reward student success Michael Kunzelman. "In Post-Katrina New Orleans, Educators, Students Embrace Charter Schools". Associated Press - "Beignet rewards. Indeed, KIPP schools employ virtually theatrical teaching methods and routines. Teachers and students frequently interact through singing, chanting, and hand gestures. 'Sparking' in the classroom means sitting up, paying attention, asking and answering questions. Students earn a weekly 'paycheck' that rewards good behavior with treats like hot cocoa and beignets, the fried pastries that are a signature snack in New Orleans.' Lessons on behavior are as much a part of the school's curriculum as reading, writing, and arithmetic."
Charter schools are a type of public school for public benefit Charter schools are generally considered part of state public school systems, as they can receive public funding, so they have the must have the public interest at heart.
Charter schools combine the best of public and private schools. Charter schools are taxpayer-funded, and so free to the public, like public schools. Yet, charter schools are free of many state regulations, making them particularly adaptive and responsive to student needs, much like private schools. The combination of these two strengths makes charter schools a very attractive option for students.
Charter schools are unaccountable and dictatorial Charter schools are not bound by the same regulations that exist on public schools, nor by the democratic processes that make it possible for citizens to pressure public school administrators. This make them less accountable to the desires of a community.
Different policies in every charter school creates confusion Sarah Carr. "Parent blasts New Orleans charter school's expulsion process". The Times-Picayune. December 10, 2008: "Expulsion practices vary at charter schools across the city, and there can be gaps in coordination with the Recovery School District, which ends up accepting many students expelled from charters."
Charter schools create two-tiers; lets public schools fail Charter schools, and the competition they introduce, produce a two-tiered education system in which public schools are essentially abandoned for what are supposedly better charter schools. This is because charter schools have the power to deny students enrollments if they do not qualify, generally on the basis of merit. This stands in contrast to public schools that must accept those in the district that enroll. The problem is that this creates an "exclusive" tier in the public schooling system, leaving public schools with those that are "less qualified". This degrades public schools and their intellectual environment, and makes it harder for public schools to show statistical improvements and obtain needed funding. Instead of this, why not make public schools work for all students, including the gifted and less gifted.
Public schools can offer everything charter schools claim Larry Kuehn. "Ten Problems with Charter Schools". British Columbia Teachers' Federation. 1995 - "The concerns of most parents can be addressed by the current system. Many program options are currently offered in public schools and schools are increasingly open to program options. Particular languages, areas of focus such as the arts, and special needs are already met by programs within the public schools. This approach better serves the public good than setting up what are often essentially private schools with full public funding. Parent advisory committees, mandated in the School Act, provide an opportunity for parents to provide input into the school policies."
Charter schools fragment society with scattered education values The many different missions and values of charter schools means that we do not adopt a single core set of values upon which to educate our children. Creating fragmentation in this way among members of society is a bad idea.
Choice: Do charter schools offer beneficial choices to parents/students?
Charter schools offer parents choices in public schools John McCain said in the last US presidential debate in October 2008: "Charter schools aren’t the only answer, but they’re providing competition…choice and competition amongst schools is one of the key elements that’s already been proven in places like New Orleans and New York City and other places."[4]
Charter schools are based on funding students not schools Bruno Manno. "The Case Against Charter Schools". School Administrator. May 2001. - "Allegation No. 1: Charter schools rob funds and students from regular public schools. While they may benefit a few youngsters, they hurt those left behind by biting into district budgets. [...] While it is true that charter funds are typically subtracted from district revenues, that is because their students are subtracted from district rolls. The fundamental concept of any school choice regimen is that the money follows the child to the school the family selects. Public dollars are meant to be spent for the education of that particular student, not entitlements for school systems. The premise of the allegation is backwards."
Charter school choice helps pressure school boards to reform Elly Jo Rael. "A Summary of Arguments For and Against Charter Schools" - "Charter schools add financial pressure to break up inertia. Putting financial pressure on the public schools is the only way to force them to change. As mentioned before, parent and student choice pressures schools to be accountable, and to accommodate their interests. If public schools fail to address concerns and interests, then they will ultimately lose students in their respective districts and a given percentage of per pupil expenditures."
Many factors constrain "choice" introduced by charter schools Larry Kuehn. "Ten Problems with Charter Schools". British Columbia Teachers' Federation. 1995 - "Hidden impediments get in the way of real choice. [...] Proponents of "choice" through charter schools often claim that the choice is open for any parents. In practice, hidden factors, such as the cost of transportation or the lack of skills to take part in meetings, get in the way of any real opportunities for many to choose. A case study on one California district demonstrated that a school choice program designed to overcome economic inequities resulted in increasing stratification because of these hidden factors. [...] As James Guthrie told Education Week, 'let me tell you why schools aren't like chocolate bars. When you or I eat a chocolate bar, the gratification and the effect is virtually immediate. Schools have a lagged effect, some of the consequences of which are not immediately evident.' In the absence of data, he says, 'parents will make a judgment based on the social class of students.'"
Competition: Do charter schools foster beneficial competition?
Charter schools spur competition that forces all schools to improve Charter schools add a new model into the mix, in addition to private and public schools. For both private and public schools to survive in the face of charter schools, they must improve themselves. In this sense, competition with charter schools will improve private and public schools.
Barack Obama said in the last US presidential debate in October 2008: "I doubled the number of charter schools in Illinois despite some reservations from teachers unions. I think it’s important to foster competition inside the public schools."[5]
John McCain said in the last US presidential debate in October 2008: "Charter schools aren’t the only answer, but they’re providing competition…choice and competition amongst schools is one of the key elements that’s already been proven in places like New Orleans and New York City and other places, where we have charter schools, where we take good teachers and we reward them and promote them."[6]
Charter schools stimulate competition to enroll students Charter schools compete with other schools for students. This creates positive movement toward fuller enrollment, including of disadvantaged students.
Regulations restrict charter schools and their competitiveness Elly Jo Rael. "A Summary of Arguments For and Against Charter Schools" - "Charter schools do not create school competition. The instability of reform laws, lack of adequate funding, the lack of a profit motive, and many remaining restrictions on who can establish a charter school and how it can be run will restrict their creation, as will the lack of technical assistance, start-up capital, and facilities. The application process (e.g. through a local school board) and accountability procedures (e.g. annual standardized tests) will both restrict the number of charter schools and reduce the variation between them. Most state laws also restrict the number of charter schools allowed."
Public schools are cushioned from enrollment losses to charter schools "Does Charter School Competition Improve Traditional Public Schools?". Manhattan Institute for Public Policy. June 10, 2000 - We studied Springfield and Worcester, Massachusetts, Jersey City and Trenton, New Jersey, and the District of Columbia (D.C.), to appraise how charter schools are affecting the traditional public school system.2 We found that charter competition has not induced large changes in district-wide operations, despite the fact that a significant number of students have left district schools for charter schools. [...] This may be explained by the fact that state policies generally cushion districts from the financial effects of departing students. Demographics play a role, too. Rising total enrollments, a by-product of the 'baby boom echo,' and recent high rates of immigration, have helped districts avoid fiscal pain; some have maintained absolute enrollment (and budget) levels even as their market share has shrunk."
Funded charter schools are not in open market competition Charter shools, which often receive public and private funding, cannot be said to be engaged in an open market of competition. As such, the efficiencies and benefits of the markets and competition do not apply.
Schools are not like businesses; can't just let bad ones die Scott Elliott. "The case against charter schools in Dayton". Dayton Daily. November 12, 2005 - "schools are not mutual funds. If you pick a mutual fund, all you care about is performance. If it starts to lose money, you dump it. Schools are much more complicated. Once you pick one for your child, it’s awfully hard to switch. You arrange your life around the school’s schedule, your child makes friends. It’s more than a business relationship. It’s an emotional investment. And those ties are awfully tough to sever, even if the school’s performance is disappointing."
Entrepreneurs exploit corrupt officials to create charter schools Seth Sandronsky. "Rethinking Charter Schools". Weekend Edition. September 27, 2008 - "In New Orleans, public officials and charter school operators exploited the awful devastation from Hurricane Katrina and shameful reaction of FEMA to turn the city’s schools upside down. Consider this. 'In one short year, New Orleans had become home to the highest concentration of charter schools in the nation,' writes Leigh Dingerson, a community organizer, educator and co-editor of the collection, along with Barbara Miner, Bob Peterson and Stephanie Walters."
Charter schools compete with and threaten public schools Leigh Dingerson, education team leader for the Center for Community Change in the District, says Louisiana school authorities have "opened a flea market of entrepreneurial opportunism [with charter schools] that is dismantling the institution of public education in New Orleans."[7]
Charter schools are damaging private schools Scott Elliott. "The case against charter schools in Dayton". Dayton Daily. November 12, 2005 - "unexpectedly, charters have also devastated private schools. The trend line is stark. Private schools were having a strong decade in the 1990s. Many hit 10-year enrollment peaks in 1999, just as charter were getting off the ground. [...] Five years later, private school enrollment was collapsing — better than three-quarters hit 10-year enrollment lows. I just pulled updated private school enrollment data last week — since 2003, 18 of 20 Dayton private schools saw enrollment drops. This is no coincidence."
Charter schools can destroy valuable neighborhood schools Larry Kuehn. "Ten Problems with Charter Schools". British Columbia Teachers' Federation. 1995 - "A charter school could mean the end of a neighbourhood school. [...] If charter schools become part of the school system, some existing schools would be converted from neighbourhood schools to charter schools. This would mean that the neighbourhood public school would not necessarily be accessible to everyone who lives in the neighbourhood."
Economics: Are charter schools more economical?
Charter schools offer fewer services, reducing operating costs "Contracting for Success: Charter Schools Offer Choice". Duke University. Summer 2005 - "Because charter schools often do not offer the same services that traditional public schools do, their operating costs tend to be lower. Bus transportation, for example, is usually not available to charter school students. This lack of transportation may limit enrollment to students who live nearby or have other transportation options."
Charter schools, free from regulation, are innovative Scott Elliot. "The case for charter schools in Dayton". Dayton Daily. November 12, 2005 - "Innovation is a prime byproduct of the entrepreneurial spirit that independent school operators bring to the table. Before competition, the school district had no incentive to pursue Higdon’s innovative ideas. Today, more educators in Dayton are thinking outside the box than ever."
Agile charter schools can quickly respond to meet demand In the aftermath of Katrina, Jeanne Allen, president of the pro-charter Center for Education Reform, said in a Washington Post article: "Charter educators and friends took games and books and organized dozens of small classrooms while the national government scratched its head over what to do."[8]
Charter schools can generate strong funding from foundations Matthew Yglesias. "The Case for Charter Schools". Thank Progress. September 19, 2008 - "it’s important to understand that the charter schools that have shown the most impressive results get substantial additional funding from foundations and other charitable sources over and above their public funding. The evidence, in other words, suggests that structural reform in the direction of more charter schools is a necessary complement to more funding, but not a substitute for it."
Charter schools make good use of empty school buildings Robert Holland, Senior Fellow at the Heartland Institute. "Use the empty school buildings". Washington Post. August 9, 2008 - "Across the nation, charter school operators report that finding adequate space is their single biggest challenge. Fearing competition, officialdom often hoards surplus property that could house these independently managed public schools. [...] One might think that things would be different in the District, where charter schools have been a lifeline for families more than they have been just about anywhere else in the United States ["Respect for Charter Schools," editorial, Aug. 4]. Long a model of education failure, Washington has a chance to be an exemplar of urban education reform, largely because of its charter schools, which now serve almost one-third of the city's schoolchildren. Yet D.C. officials are being super-stingy about letting charter operators lease the city's surplus school buildings. [...] Washington's families deserve better. School stewardship should be about what's best for children, not how best to conduct turf wars."
Charter schools contribute to damaging privatization of schools Deborah Bach. "School Board digs in against charter schools". Seattle PI. December 17, 2003 - "contributing to the privatization of public schools -- the Senate-backed legislation allows a charter school's board of directors to contract out for supplies and services, including instruction."
Charter schools don't add efficiency, but more administrative costs Larry Kuehn. "Ten Problems with Charter Schools". British Columbia Teachers' Federation. 1995 - "Charter schools don't reduce spending on administration. While some have argued that administrative efficiencies will be improved with competition, experience doesn't bear this out. In Britain, grant-maintained schools have spawned new agencies to serve administrative needs. Many individual schools have had to create jobs for people to handle finances; where schools have not, the principal ends up spending a great deal of time on day-to-day business administration, like insurance, benefits, and building repair, rather than educational concerns. The advantages of bulk purchasing and efficiencies of scale are lost, making materials and services more expensive. Salaries of principals in the grant-maintained schools have soared."
Charter schools have a poor return on investment Scott Elliott. "The case against charter schools in Dayton". Dayton Daily. November 12, 2005 - "If charter schools are about free enterprise, markets and bringing business sense to the world of education, then I’ve got three words that the proponents should consider: return on investment. [...] Last year, Ohio spent $424 million on about 250 charter schools statewide. In Dayton alone, the cost was about $45 million on 33 charter schools. So what did we get for our money? [...] Statewide, 71 percent of charter schools were rated in 'academic emergency,' the lowest rating category. [...] In Dayton, no charter schools were rated excellent or effective at the top two rating categories. Many Dayton charters, about 39 percent, got no rating for a variety of reasons, while another 40 percent were rated in academic emergency. [...] And this is part of a continuing pattern."
Charter schools do not achieve economies of scale "Reining in Charter Schools". New York Times (Editorial). May 10, 2006 - "Edison has long insisted that its fortunes would improve with "economies of scale." The flaw here is that renovating schools, buying computers and training teachers remain expensive, no matter how many times you do it. Some experts argue that economies of scale do not exist in education, especially in a charter system, where schools are meant to vary in focus and size. In addition, the costs of managing large systems have proved to be high."
Charter schools proliferated too quickly to monitor performance "Reining in Charter Schools". New York Times (Editorial). May 10, 2006: "some states have opened so many charter programs so quickly that they can barely count them, let alone monitor student performance."
Diversity: Do charter schools help promote diversity and integration?
Disadvantaged can afford publicly-funded charter schools Publicly-funded charter schools are good for the disadvantaged in the same way as public schools; they are free.
The disadvantaged deserve access to better schools Paul Grogan, president of the Boston Foundation, which funded the research - "There is no justification for keeping a charter cap in place that is denying urban, mostly black and brown children the opportunity for a demonstrably better result."[9]
Flexibility of charter schools can better serve disadvantaged Scott Elliot. "The case for charter schools in Dayton". Dayton Daily. November 12, 2005 - "At ISUS, they aggressively recruit dropouts, through juvenile court, word-of-mouth or other referrals. These are kids nobody seemed to care about six years ago. The kids get intensive instruction to try to raise their test scores to the point where they can pass a state exam and graduate. [...] The whole story of ISUS was made possible by the freedom of charter schools. Once the bonds of bureaucracy were broken, Higdon was able to put her innovations into motion and create a remarkable opportunity for kids who were mostly overlooked and ignored in the past."
Charter schools are exploited most by affable students Larry Kuehn. "Ten Problems with Charter Schools". British Columbia Teachers' Federation. 1995 - "one school district in California found that its choice programs aimed at equalizing actually increased the disparities. Even in this situation, parents with the most resources took the most advantage of the situation for their children."
Charter schools can exclude special needs students Larry Kuehn. "Ten Problems with Charter Schools". British Columbia Teachers' Federation. 1995 - "Charter schools may exclude students with special needs. [...] In a system based on an educational marketplace, students with special needs may detract from the marketability of the school. Research in Britain indicates that the 'most effective strategies are 1. to recruit more students who are likely to perform well academically, and 2. exclude students who are likely not to do well academically. [...] There is concern in Britain over the trend away from integrating children with special needs into the regular classroom. These students are seen as impediments in achieving test scores that can be used to comparison-market the school."
Reform: Do charter schools help advance education reform?
Charter schools can shake-up bureaucracies and institute reforms Scott Elliot. "The case for charter schools in Dayton". Dayton Daily. November 12, 2005 - "The old conventional wisdom in the business community said that the city’s political scene was such that the dysfunctional school board could not be radically changed. There were too many entrenched political interest groups to defeat.
But in the wake of charters, four professional women running as a team were able to raise $200,000, mostly from CEOs and large companies, and capture a majority of four school board seats by outspending their five opponents by a 20-1 margin combined! They took control, set about professionalizing the top administration, replaced half the district’s principals and began instituting a systemic curriculum and instruction reform."
Charter schools are about niche education, not broad reform Larry Kuehn. "Ten Problems with Charter Schools". British Columbia Teachers' Federation. 1995 - "Charter schools don't encourage system reform and improved quality. [...] The theory put forward by many charter school advocates is that the competition of charter schools will lead to reform and improvement to the mainstream of the public schools. [...] In the U.S. and Alberta, most of the charter proposals have been for 'niche schools' that serve a particular special population. Charter schools end up serving special interests, rather than creating programs that develop alternatives that would be offered to most students. They divert money and attention from improving all schools to enhancing a few."
New Orleans: Are charter schools in post-Katrina New Orleans a good idea?
Katrina allowed New Orleans to restart with charter schools Phyllis Landrieu, member of the New Orleans Parish School Board - "I say in many ways, 'Thank you, Katrina. Immediately, all those problems [with the previous education system] were eliminated, to some extent, and we had an opportunity to start over."[10]
Charter schools cut through red tape, quickly opening after Katrina Education Secretary Margaret Spellings said in an interview for a June 13, 2006 New York Times article: "Just the fact that the charter schools are the ones that are open is testament to their ability to cut through red tape and be responsive to families where and when they need them."[11]
Charter schools exploited aftermath of Katrina in New Orleans Daniel Pryzbyla. "Katrina exposed charter school carpetbaggers". EdNews.org. October 1, 2007 - "Katrina's aftermath brought recent and past history onto center stage. Seizing on education 'disasters' was one of them. A dictionary definition for 'carpetbagger' is 'U.S. history; a Northerner who went to the South after the Civil War and became active in Republican politics, esp., as to profiteer from the unsettled social and political conditions of the area during Reconstruction.(2) Any opportunistic or exploitive outsider (1865- 1870).' Welcome to new New Orleans."
New Orleans should not be experimented on with charter schools Post-Katrina New Orleans is suffering deeply and should not be the subject of an experiment involving charter schools, the result of which is hard to predict.
Pro/con resources
Scott Elliot. "The case for charter schools in Dayton". Dayton Daily. November 12, 2005
Scot Lehigh. "A strong case for more charter schools". Boston Globe. January 7, 2009
"Top Story- Gates Foundation to Invest in More Charters". Press Room. January 27, 2009
Bruno Manno. "The Case Against Charter Schools". School Administrator. May 2001.
Bruno V. Manno. "Renewing Public Education: Charter Schools in Action (book)"
Jen O'Neill. "Charter Schools Remedy Education Woes in New Orleans". May 20, 2008
Emily Wilson. "A Charter School's Unconventional Success". NPR, Day to Day. August 23, 2006
"Orleans charters score better on LEAP than traditional schools". The Times Picayune. July 31, 2007
"Closing the Achievement Gap—Creating Quality Choices: Charters". Annie E. Casey Foundation. 2008
Matthew Carr and Beth Lear. "Public Charter Schools: A Great Value for Ohio’s Public Education System". Buckeye Institute for Public Policy Solutions. November 14, 2008
Michael Kunzelman. "In Post-Katrina New Orleans, Educators, Students Embrace Charter Schools". Associated Press
Dan Juneau. "Report: Louisiana, New Orleans Charter Schools Get Good Grade". Bayou Buzz
"Contracting for Success: Charter Schools Offer Choice". Duke University. Summer 2005
Nicholas Johnson. "Charter Schools Offer Options". Iowa City Press-Citizen. "Opinion". August 15, 2000
"The Case For School Choice: Implications for Canada". The Fraser Institute. September 20, 1999
The National Alliance for Public Charter Schools
Louisiana Charter School Association
National Charter School Research Project
"Charter schools bring new hope". USA Today. September 9, 1998
"Reining in Charter Schools". New York Times (Editorial). May 10, 2006
Scott Elliott. "The case against charter schools in Dayton". Dayton Daily. November 12, 2005
Larry Kuehn. "Ten Problems with Charter Schools". British Columbia Teachers' Federation. 1995
Deborah Bach. "School Board digs in against charter schools". Seattle PI. December 17, 2003
"Do Charter Schools Measure Up?". The American Federation of Teachers. July 2002
Sarah Carr. "Parent blasts New Orleans charter school's expulsion process". The Times-Picayune. December 10, 2008
"Charter schools missing the grade". (Orlando Sentinel Special Report.
Seth Sandronsky. "Rethinking Charter Schools". Weekend Edition. September 27, 2008
Daniel Pryzbyla. "Katrina exposed charter school carpetbaggers". EdNews.org. October 1, 2007
Greg Toppo. "Charter schools fail to top their public peers". USA Today. August 22, 2006
"America's Charter Schools: Results From the NAEP 2003 Pilot Study". The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). 2003
Kendall Owens. "Charter school expansion would bring competition for public school money". Times Herald. October 16, 2008
Nathan Newman. "Union Busting at NYC charter schools". TPM Cafe. November 22, 2005
Ronald Corwin and Joseph Schneider. "The School Choice Hoax" (Book).
Amy Stuart Wells. "Where Charter School Policy Fails". (book)
Kevin B. Smith. "The Case Against School Choice" (Book). 1995
United Teachers of New Orleans
Protect our Public Schools
Save Our Schools DC
Debate: Rebuilding New Orleans
Debate: Crime cameras
Debate: Demolishing public housing in New Orleans
Debate: Disaster tourism in New Orleans
Debate: Rebuilding the 9th ward in New Orleans
Debate: Building category 5 levees in New Orleans
"Charter Schools' Big Experiment". Washington Post. June 9, 2008
"Editorial: Study pros and cons of charter schools". Star Tribune. November 28, 2008
"The Pros and Cons of Charter School Closures". Education Sector. 2005
"Video: Pros and cons of charter schools". Opposing Views.
Elly Jo Rael. "A Summary of Arguments For and Against Charter Schools"
Larry Abramson. "For Charter Schools, New Orleans Is Citywide Lab". NPR. October 3, 2006
Patrik Jonsson. "As New Orleans restarts its schools, most are now charter schools". Christian Science Monitor. September 4, 2007
Thomas Frank. "New Orleans puts charter schools to big test". USA Today. November 27, 2005
Michael Tisserand. "The Charter School Flood". The Nation. September 10, 2007
"In New Orleans schools, it's like starting over". USA Today. June 7, 2007
Leigh Dingerson, Center for Community Change. "Keeping the Promise: The Debate Over Charter Schools" (Book)
Susan Saulny. "U.S. Gives Charter Schools a Big Push in New Orleans". New York Times. June 13, 2006
Retrieved from "http://www.debatepedia.com/en/index.php/Debate:_Charter_schools"
Categories: Politics | US politics | Education | Schools | New Orleans | United States | Capitalism | Privatization | Charter schools
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THE LONG BIO
I grew up in Baltimore, MD, where the winters were snowy and the summers were hot and humid. I had an older brother and a yappy dog and a best friend who lived just up the street. It was pretty great. I spent a lot of time at our local library which had a massive circular ramp from the street up to the book level. Walking up that ramp made each visit feel important. I loved getting new books every week, but I also hated returning ones that I liked, so sometimes I hid them in my room so they couldn't be returned. This resulted in a lot of overdue fines, which my mom wasn't so thrilled about. (Sorry, Mom!) You could probably call me a book hoarder, since I also liked to collect series books just to admire them all lined up on my shelf.
I kept a journal starting at age ten, and wrote in it faithfully until I was about twenty-five. I still have all of those journals, and use them sometimes as inspiration for my books. I wrote a lot of poetry and short fiction as a kid, but didn't really think of becoming a writer until after I'd graduated college and was working in new media in New York City. I felt overwhelmed by the need to write, so I started working on some short stories. I quickly realized that most of my ideas were about school-aged kids, so I decided to concentrate on middle grade fiction. I began taking creative writing classes and ended up completing a Master of Fine Arts (MFA) in Creative Writing at The New School. I started my first novel while I was there. Now I live in Washington, DC, and I'm a teacher as well as a writer! I'm an adjunct professor in the graduate writing program at McDaniel College, helping other writers turn their ideas into books.
Q: How long have you been writing?
A: I've always loved words--reading them and writing them. I started writing poems when I was about eight years old. I even had one published in our school lit journal in sixth grade. It was about a bird and the first line went something like, “Oh, happy is the bird that sings in flight, whose eyes shine like jewels in the early sunlight.” You have to start somewhere. :)
Q: Why do you write for kids and teens?
A: Mostly because I love children's books more than adult books. But also because books are one of the ways kids and teens learn about the world, and for an author it's exciting to know you are helping to shape your readers.
Q: Why do some of your books have different author names on them?
A: My series books are all written under pseudonyms because I'm not the only author writing for that series. Most series have two or three authors, and we share one pseudonym so that the books are easy to shelve and find at bookstores. My standalone books are written under Caroline Hickey, but I'm also Nicholas O. Time, Chloe Taylor, and Coco Simon.
Q: What are some of your favorite books?
A: The Evolution of Calpurnia Tate, The War That Saved My Life, The Hired Girl, A Northern Light, Raymie Nightingale, Hattie Big Sky, Catherine, Called Birdy, all the Ivy and Bean books. Everything by Beverly Cleary, Eleanor Estes, and Ellen Conford. I have a million favorites.
Q: Did you always want to be a writer?
A: No, I wanted to be a ballerina. Then a pediatrician. Then a judge. But I've always liked writing, and writing is what keeps me interested and challenged and excited.
Q: What are you working on now?
A: A new middle grade book about three kids with a big idea who want to change the world, and a delicious new middle grade series called Sprinkle Sundays.
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Omphalos I
The idea of center as origin, the place from which infinite directions depart, or the infinitely small vanishing point, is found in the iron scultpure Omphalos,READ MORE
a series of ink drawings with the same title, and La freccia che colpisce il bersaglio vola per sempre, a sculpture in white terracotta whose four parts are, in turn, composed of a series of concentric sub-parts sloping towards the inside to form a sort of visual vortex. Omphalos is a word from ancient Greek meaning “navel,” but also umbilical cord, the center of the Earth. The omphalos is the center of the human body, but it is also, significantly, a scar that bears witness to the moment in which we were separated from the maternal body that hosted and generated us; it is the tangible sign of a separation, but also of the conquest of an independent life. The reference to the many meanings of this word emerges in two sculptures, one in iron and one in graphite, and their related drawings. In the sculptures the movement of expansion that starts at the center necessarily encounters a limit at the borders of the object, while in the drawings the lines that spread out from the center suggest a potentially infinite movement. Again in these works, it is not so much the natural, the living that is shown and represented. As the artist remarks in his writing, instead it is a question of “to act as nature would, which is also typical of the alchemical process. The alchemist is he who sets out not to reproduce a natural phenomenon in the laboratory, but to pro-duce processes of transmutation according to the ways of nature, attuning soul and body to its way of proceeding”.
Omphalos. Ink on paper, 2 sheets 66×102 cm each, 2006/2007 [D0042]
Omphalos. Ink on braille paper, 51×34 cm, 2006/2007 [D0122]
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> Policy News
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> Home > Policy > Local
Local Policy
Communities across the Nation are working to create policies that support the community school strategy. These policies can be used to direct city and district funding or local school or school board policies that support the implementation of community schools. Below are a few examples of this:
The report, Partnerships, Not Pushouts: A Guide for School Board Members on Community Partnerships for Student Succes, is a new "whole-child" policy guide for school board members, developed by the Coalition for Community Schools, the Alliance for Excellent Education, American Federation of Teachers, CASEL, National Education Association, National School Boards Association, Opportunity Action, Opportunity to Learn Campaign, and the Rural School and Community Trust. Review the report and the following for exemplar school board policies:
Las Cruces, NM: Las Cruces School District Community School Resolution
The Las Cruces District Public schools approved a resolution to allocate county resources to support the creation, development, and evolution of community schools in Las Cruces, New Mexico. The resolution creates a school family council, funds full-service community schools coordinators at each community school, and ensures that the school district will complete comprehensive needs assessments to improve essential functions of the strategy.
Pomona, CA: Pomona Community Schools Pilot Program
The Pomona, CA School Board passed a community schools pilot program June 8th, 2016 for implementation in two high schools. The policy defines community schools through six research-based strategies. Some of these strategies include:
· "An emphasis on high-quality teaching, not high stakes testing"
· "Wrap-around supports such as healthcare, eye care, and social and emotional services that support academics."
· "Positive discipline practices such as restorative justice"
The district also encourages key components including an annual assets and needs assessment and full-time coordinators.
Baltimore, MD: Baltimore Board of School Commissioners Community Schools Strategy
The Baltimore Board of School Commissioners approved a policy that defines a community schools strategy for the district. The policy defines key terms including a full-service community school, and outlines a community schools continuum that describes how schools can move toward becoming full-service community schools. In addition, the strategy designates a city-level Community School Steering Committee (CSSC) and outlines a process to involve parents/families through community forums, focus groups, and surveys.
Pittsburgh, PA: Pittsburgh City School District Community Schools Policy
Pttisburgh City School District passed a Community Schools Policy on July 18, 2016. The School Board emphasized that the development and success of the child rely on the impact of the family and community. Therefore, support for families and communities through coordinated partnerships is the strategy they will use to implement a holistic approach to education. The schools that implement the community school model will be chosen through an application process headed by a District Community School Steering Committee. To read the full text of the policy click here.
Cincinnati, OH: Cincinnati City School District Community School Policy
Cincinnati Public Schools is creating campuses that strengthen this link between schools and communities. CPS is garnering national recognition for its work to create these Community Learning Centers (CLC) district-wide, not just in isolated neighborhoods. The goal of Cincinnati’s Community Learning Centers is to support student achievement, revitalize neighborhoods and maximize the community's return on their financial investment.
Hayward’s framework for its community schools seeks to fulfill a common set of conditions for learning that ensures that students are engaged, safe, and healthy. Since the district’s new strategy was implemented, truancy rates have significantly declined, and the graduation rate rose from 68% to 93%. The Hayward Unified School District’s Board recognizes the importance of the community schools strategy, and articulated so in its resolution declaring the district a "Full Service Community School District". You can read the full policy here.
Seattle, WA: School and Community Partnership Policy and Lead Community Partner Policy
A federal Full-Service Community School Grantee, the Seattle Public Schools Full Service Community Schools Project works to increase the number of students who meet achievement standards and receive challenging academic content at Cleveland and Rainer Beach High Schools. This initiative works toward these goals through collaboration with community partners, involving families in student education, increasing students' access to academic enrichment and support services, and a focus on student health and development.
Hartford, CT: Hartford Board of Education Policy on Community Schools
Members of the Hartford Community-School Partnership, which launched in July, 2008, are the Hartford Public Schools, the City of Hartford Mayor’s Office (including Hartford Office for Young Children and Office for Youth Services), and the United Way of Central and Northeastern Connecticut. The partnership is an outgrowth of a plan developed by Superintendent Steven Adamowski to create a new system of high quality, high performing schools to close the urban-suburban achievement gap.
CITY AND COUNTY POLICY
San Pablo, CA: Resolution Of The City Council Of The City Of San Pablo Authorizing Support For Full Service Community Schools In San Pablo
Walter T. Helms Middle School, San Pablo’s first FSCS initiative, is now the hub and model for the city’s FSCS initiative. The district presented a co-written district-wide full service community schools resolution covering five cities to the West Contra Costa Unified School District Board of Education in November 2012. The board unanimously passed a resolution to implement community schools beginning with its high schools that have school based health centers and two elementary schools, one with a dental clinic in operation.
Multnomah County (Portland), OR: County’s Intergovernmental Agreement
The Schools Uniting Neighborhoods Initiative is a collaboration of city, county, state and school districts in Portland/Multnomah County, Oregon. Fifty-three SUN Schools work to extend the school day and strive to be a community "hub" by linking with other community institutions, such as the libraries, parks and community centers, neighborhood health clinics and area churches and businesses.
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HomeFeatured ArticlesSuper Sargasso Surfin’
Fortean Phenomena
Super Sargasso Surfin’
After spending any reasonable amount of time recording and cataloguing the odder aspects of daily life on this planet, certain conclusions almost beg to be arrived at, such as "people are generally speaking, nuts," or that perhaps half the population really are more intelligent than the average person. But from these studies, one starts to get a grasp on the "bigger picture" that Charles Fort and hundreds of others have devoted so much time, in some cases even their lifetimes, examining. In the last year, while researching my weekly email newsletter, Blather [1], several events and a few tenuous mental tangents brought me to consider Fort’s humorous hypothesis on the "Super-Sargasso Sea," an aerial ocean from which eels migrate back to old mother earth, aided by the wonderful force of gravity. But when rather out-of-date military projectiles and then–saints preserve us–people starting falling out of the sky, questions arise about the connections between "Magonia"–the possible home of historical "aerial sailing ships"–and the "Super-Sargasso."
Amphibious Vertical Migrations
The Associated Press, on 8th July 1997, reported that on Saturday 5th July, at around 11 pm, it rained toads in the Mexican town of Villa Angel Flores, in the Pacific Coast state of Sinaloa. Apparently a "mini tornado" picked them up from a pond and dumped them on the town. The Fortean Times On line Reporting Service [2], which is wired into the Forteana mailing list [3], had a posting culled from BBC teletext of 26th June 1997, via Rompes news agency, which told of people in Southern Romania rising from their beds after heavy rain overnight to find themselves up to their ankles in frogs. (I would presume that the people of Southern Romania sleep indoors, and the correspondant was merely indulging in colourful hyperbolic metaphor.) The report concluded that the frogs had been sucked up by strong winds, carried long distances and deposited in the Urziceni region.
Typically enough, neither of these run-of-the-mill (if bizarre) reports state how this can happen, or more importantly why it was only toads and frogs that the tornado or strong winds allegedly picked up. This phenomenon has been reported in some shape or form for hundreds of years, and there’s still precious little information as to why these rains are so selective. Sometimes it’s berries, sometimes it’s fish, and sometimes of course, the classic frog falls. Charles Fort’s Book of the Damned (1919), New Lands (1923), and Lo! (1931) [4] record many of these reports of weird organic and apparently manufactured "rain" from all over the world, with all sorts of interesting ingredients, including alabaster, ants, ashes, beef, beetle larvae, berries, bitumen, blood, butter, charcoal, china fragments (naturally vitrified?), cinders, coal, cobwebs, coins, crabs, crayfish, eels, fish, flesh, gelatinous matter, grain, hay, ice, iron balls, jelly fish, limestone, lizards, mud, mussels, oyster shells, periwinkles, quartz, resin, salt, sand, sandalwood, seeds, silk, snails, snakes, spawn, spiders, carved and shaped stones, turtles, and of course, toads and frogs. But never all at once, you understand.
Fish are a particular favourite of fall aficionados, spawning the likes of the "mad fishmonger" explanation for the Worcester fish fall of 1881. (Much study has gone in this phenomenon, Bob Rickard’s collection of E.W. Gudger’s work in Fortean Studies 2 springs to mind, as well as a recent issue of Fortean Times [5].)
Crows, well, they’d be in the sky anyway, wouldn’t they?
On Monday December 21st 1997, I received an article from Daniel Ko in Hong Kong, with news from The Nation (Thailand) on Saturday, 29th November, 1997 (ppA7). It told of a "Village stoned by crows" in southwestern Chinese province of Sichuan on Thursday the 27th. Between 200 and 300 crows flew overhead as a "black cloud" before suddenly dropping dead into the village of Dujiangyan. The China News Service said that "Only a dozen got away, making desperate cries as they flew." "Experts" were quoted as saying that the crows could have been suddenly killed by poisoning. I suppose we are expected to be content with such an explanation.
Other notable falls of 1997 include a couple of blocks of ice hitting the ground in Brazil in July. One of them, which crashed through the roof of bus factory, weighed more than 50kg. On 28th November, reports came in about "purple blotches" found all over peoples homes, gardens and cars in Rochester, New York. Airplane lavatory fluid was quickly ruled out, according to theAssociated Press, and a theory concerning the droppings of berry-eating birds was introduced, which understandably enough left many people unconvinced.
Dimension Hopping Cannonballs?
Apart from "rains" of materials, other than the various forms of dihydrogen monoxide, there exists reports of single, or relatively small numbers of, falls of apparently man made objects. A "civil war-type" missile tore through a window and two walls of Leonard and Kathy Mickelson’s mobile home in House Springs, Missouri, on Thursday night 16th of October 1997, according to the Associated Press. Nobody was home when it happened, and the neighbours noticed nothing strange. Police are reportedly investigating the possible use of a small cannon, a weapon readily available for Civil War re-enactments. Just three days later, on the 19th, in an apparently unrelated yet somehow relevant incident reported by the Associated Press in Cincinnati, Ohio, a 14-year-old boy was severely injured by an exploding gunpowder charge during a Civil War re-enactment.
Following this news, and while researching "The Smoking Cannon" for Blather [6], I spent into the wee hours of the morning poring over the books of Charles Fort and others, but I could find no mention of cannonballs from the sky. (Obviously he didn’t record cannonballs that would have fallen during wars.) As the Honourable Mr. Andy Silverman pointed out on the Forteana mailing list, perhaps the "civil war-type" projectile plummeted from Fort’s hypothetical heavenly Super-Sargasso Sea–from which many eels have reportedly migrated back to solid earth, rather than liquid water. Mr. Silverman goes on to wonder if a stray cannonball from the Ohio re-enactment was lost in the floating Sargasso
I was inclined to ponder, if such a floating sea, as ridiculous as it seems, manages to exist, why should we be at all bothered by the trivial matter of the Ohio re-enactment taking place after the House Springs cannonball incident? (i.e., daft as it sounds, perhaps the Mickelson’s missile transcended time and space and possibly several other dimensions, to make sure it was home and waiting for them.) If I may be even sillier, perhaps the damned things have been hanging around in the sky since the U.S. Civil War! What goes up, must come down. . . sometime?
Or then again, surely such an aerial ocean has maritime vessels floating about in it. . . the missile may have been a stray from some heavenly hostile exchange between alien galleons.
Recently, while delving through James Hardiman’s 1843 notes to Roderick O’Flaherty’s A Description of West or H-Iar Connaught (1684), in a search for anomalous animal reports (and I can conclude that I found many, including mentions of Irish crocodiles!), by complete chance I stumbled across the following, in a note pertaining to the appearance of "Demon Ships" in Galway Bay in 1161 A.D., which was mentioned in the Annals of the Four Masters, a year-by-year history of Ireland from the "earliest times" to 1616, compiled by four friars in the Abbey of Donegal in Bundrowes, on the coast near Bundoran [7].
"Fantastical Ships –Our annalists, in recording this occurrence, call these ships loinger demnacda. . . the meaning of demnacda, which literally signifies devilish or diabolical, from deaman (demon), the evil spirit. But our author’s phrase, "fantastical ships" (viz., visionary, or having the appearance of a phantom, not real), was happily chosen to express this instance of atmospheric refraction. [Ah, the wonders of science.] The writer remembers to have seen, when a boy, a well-defined aerial phenomenon of this kind, from a rising ground near the mountain of Cruach-Patrick [a.k.a. Croagh Patrick]. It was on a serene evening in the autumn of 1798. Hundreds who also witnessed the scene believed it supernatural; but it was soon afterwards found to have been caused by the fleet of Admiral Warren, then in pursuit of a French squadron, off the west coast of Ireland."
The Annals of the Four Masters holds other mentions of strange aerial vessels; "Ships, with their crews, were plainly seen in the sky this year." The year? 743 A.D. [8].
After much hunting about, some other references were unearthed. In "Mystery
Airships of the 1800’s" by Jerome Clark and Loren Coleman in Fate magazine of
June 1973 [9], which
states the following:
"An ancient obscure Irish manuscript, Speculum Regali, records an incident that supposedly occurred in the year 956 A. D.: ‘There happened in the borough of Cloera, one Sunday while people were at mass, a marvel. In this town there is a church to the memory of St. Kinarus. It befell that a metal anchor was dropped from the sky, with a rope attached to it, and one of the sharp flukes caught in the wooden arch above the church door.The people rushed out of the church and saw in the sky a ship with men on board, floating at the end of the anchor cable, and they saw a man leap overboard and pull himself down the cable to the anchor as if to unhook it. "He appeared as if he were swimming in water. "The folk rushed up and tried to seize him; but the bishop forbade the people to hold the man for fear it might kill him. The man was freed and hurried up the cable to the ship, where the crew cut the rope and the ship rose and sailed away out of sight. But the anchor is in the church as a testimony to this singular occurrence.’"
Naturally enough, after perusing various texts on the mystery airships of the last century, I began to wonder how much recoil a cannon carrying airship could stand, without propelling itself into the past or future.
Soon after Blather’s ‘Smoking Cannon’ issue, folklorist Leslie Ellen Jones stumbled across the following on page 11 of Daibhi O Croinin’s Early Medieval Ireland 400-1200 [10]:
"The Annals of Ulster, for example, in the year AD 749 report that ships were seen in the air (some said above the monastery of Clonmacnois). Other sources report a similar episode at Teltown, during the reign of Congalach mac Maele Mithig (d. AD 956), when a ship appeared in the air above a market fair (oenach) and a member of the crew cast a spear down at a salmon below. When he came down to retrieve the spear a man on the ground took hold of him, whereupon the man from above said: ‘Let me go! I’m being drowned!’ Congalach ordered that the man be released and he scurried back up to his shipmates, ‘who were all that time looking down, and were laughing together.’ Well they might. There is no point in trying to explore the Otherworld with the apparatus and outlook of the science laboratory: flying ships are not subject to the laws of quantum mechanics."(Leslie adds that ‘the actual text and translation of this episode is cited as being in Myles Dillon, 1960, "Laud Misc. 610", ‘Celtica,’ pp. 64-76, and Kuno Meyer, 1908, "Irish mirabilia in the Norse ‘Speculum Regale,’" ‘Eriu’, vol. 4, part 1, pp. 1-16.’)
So how does all this relate to "Magonia," a symbolic point of reference to the home of all and mysterious and apparently manned aerial craft throughout the ages–a kind of Super-Sargasso Sea without the humour, popularised by astrophysicist and UFO researcher Jacques Vallee?
The word ‘Magonia’ originates from a series of events, believed to have taken place in Lyons, France around 833A.D., and which Jean Louis Brodu [11], presents a English translation from the French of Saint Agobard, De la Grêle et du tonnerre (Imprimerie de Dumoulin, Ronet et Sibuet, Lyons 1841), which is translated from the Latin of Archbishop Agobard of Lyons who tells us that:
‘We have seen and heard from a lot of people so mad and blind as to believe and to assert that there exists a certain region called Magonia, from which ships, navigating on clouds, set sail to transport back to this same region the fruits of the earth ruined by hail and destroyed by storm, after the value of the wheat and the other fruits have been paid by these aerial navigators to the tempestarii, from whom they have received them. We have even seen several of these senseless fools who, believing the reality of such absurd things, brought in front of an assembly of men four persons in chairs, three men and a woman, who they said had fallen from these ships. They retained them in irons for some days, before they brought them before me, followed by the crowd, to stone them to death as they had been condemned, but after a long discussion, the truth finally triumphed after the many reasonings which I opposed to them and those who had shown them to the people were found, as a proverb has it, as much confused as a thief when he is surprised."
Vallee’s "Magonia" interpretations, while streets ahead of the run-of-the-mill extraterrestrial hypothesis and flying saucer pabulum popular today, deserves some criticism, and received an interesting barrage from Brodu who accuses Vallee of being a little too fond of referencing the abbot Montfaucon de Villars 1670 "studies" of the Magonia material, in his cabalistic book Le Comte de Gabalis ou entren sur les sciences secrets (The Count of Gabalis, or Briefing on the Secret Sciences). Brodu seems to find this work to be a glossed-over popularist work, and too apocryphal and satirical to use as an absolute reference, as well as being laced with cabalistic "secrets."
In Gervase of Tilbury’s Otia Imperialis from the 13th century, a very similar event is described as having taken place around 1200 A.D. at a church near Bristol, which brings to mind the "Card Playing Devil on a Stormy Night" form of ghost story, which seems to be linked to several "haunted houses" in Ireland and Britain. Loftus Hall in Wexford and "The Hellfire Club" in the Dublin mountains spring to mind [12]. Could the various texts have being describing the same story, or even the same parable, misinterpretation, or mistranslation? As for the form of these UFOs, an apparent aerial vessel would have been possibly described as a sailing ship, just as various people were cataloguing reports of "mystery airships" long before the days of "flying saucers." It’s always worth bearing in mind that the UFO phenomenon is not as new as we like to think, "visitations" of one form or other are the basis of many belief systems, and date back to at least the beginning of history.
All this, of course, doesn’t necessarily explain the cannonball buried inside Leonard and Kathy Mickelson’s mobile home.
But people…?
On December 1st 1997, Reuters told of a body discovered in a canefield in Palm Beach County, Florida. Police reckoned that it was a missing sky diver who plunged to his [er, apparent?] death a week beforehand.
"We believe it is the body of Omar Lozada but I can’t confirm it yet," said Mark Phillips of Palm Beach County Sheriff’s Office. Lozada went missing after crashing into Victor Govone, 25, as they were free-falling from about 5,000 feet. Govone had only minor injuries. The Palm Beach Post of Friday 28th November said that James Michael Darby had died while his ski board was hit by another sky diver and he crashed into a lake.
These deaths are hardly classifiable as forteana, until you read the news from Reuters on Wednesday 3rd of December, of the body of a woman in her 30s or 40s, dressed in black, which fell from somewhere on to a garden wall, resulting in massive fatal injuries. The Miami Herald reported her body was nearly ripped in half. And where is Miami? It’s in Florida.
Initially investigators reckoned that she had fallen from an aircraft, but have since decided that this isn’t the case. They now feel that she fell from a nearby apartment balcony, due to the kind of injury, and the reasonably high temperature of the body, which supposedly means that she fell from a low altitude. They don’t seem to have considered a small, pressurised low-flying aircraft.
Later, the Associated Press said that she had been named as Helene Deborah Gusik, and the police reckoned that she had fallen from a nearby apartment block, but didn’t know why she was even in the building.
Reuters also mentions that on 23rd May, 1996, "a teenage boy found in a Miami street the body of a man who apparently fell from the wheel well of an aircraft about to land at Miami International Airport. Police concluded the man, whose body was smudged with airplane grease, was a stowaway."
Now I may be jumping to conclusions, but isn’t that an awful lot of people falling out of the sky in one state? Call me Chicken Licken, but consider these tales with the plethora of bizarre aircraft accidents in Florida these last couple of years, and you would be forgiven for sticking to surface travel for manoeuvring your way around that particular neck of the woods, remembering to wearing a hard hat.
Perhaps the winds of change have blown a piece of Fort’s Super-Sargasso Sea into position over Florida? (It could be on a south-easterly drift from House Springs, Missouri.) Were people falling from that place which seems to divulge ships, cannonballs and vertically migrating eels? Bear in mind that I’m resorting to sheer whimsical conjecture here, not A Scientific Theory of The Severest Authority. Now that we know that we live on an almost spherical planet, and we have poor unfortunates sitting in ancient metal cans in orbit about it, surely we would notice something has obvious as an aerial sea full of silver saucers, sailing ships and salmon splashing about above our noggins? Well, wouldn’t we?
On mentioning this spate of vertically migrating humans, Brian Chapman in Canada was quick to recall an article in Fortean Times 72:15 of December/January 1994, when a Parisian lady had her tree vandalised and her phone lines cut by a man who descended from above –without a parachute. He was quite dead, lightly dressed, "swarthy" and carrying three obsolete Russian banknotes, amounting to 55 roubles.
He, too, was thought to have fallen from the undercarriage of an aircraft landing at Roissy-Charles de Gaulle. If this was the case, he would have had to survive several hours at 36,000 feet or so, at a temperature of minus 45 degrees. The "average" person can live for 10 minutes in these conditions, according toFortean Times . However, investigators claim that he was alive when he hit the ground.
Regarding body temperatures of freefallers and stowaways on aircraft, Daniel Ko, in Hong Kong, told me that: "I used to do a fair bit of skydiving (60 jumps) and even 13,500ft jumps from an open doored Cessna during very early spring through hailclouds. It’s unlikely that the victim’s body core temperature would drop significantly. Indeed, it’s significantly more likely that a low flying light [aircraft] was involved, as (1) they’re easier to fall out of. (2) security makes it difficult to stow away in the external recesses of commercial pressurized airliners. (3) Bodies in freefall accelerate slowly. The first 1000ft takes 10 seconds and 5 seconds thereafter. Given the height of lowrise apartments the purported extent of the damage is not entirely consistent. (Guesstimate; experiment impractical.)"
On Sunday 7th December 1997, to ice the wake cake celebrating an alarming tally of parachute related deaths in a short space of time, three skydivers, two Americans and an Austrian, were killed attempting to sky dive at the South Pole. They were jumping from a Twin Otter at 8,500 feet, and two of the parachutes failed to open, the other only partially opening.
Aside from the more explicable phenomena detailed above, the choir of skydiving angels (now sadly deceased), there is a great deal of bizarre circumstantial evidence to add to Fort’s theories of another layer of Swiftian reality above our heads. Are flying saucers actually submarine vessels from another dimension? Is the ocean that the Magonians sail upon and dive in the same air that we breathe, as the ocean that we sail and dive in is breathed by fishes? Are "aliens" in fact deep sea divers? Do Magonians trawl these waters? Was James Cameron’s movie The Abyss have the right idea, but the wrong way around, with its water-god "aliens" residing in the gloomy depths of our oceans? Or perhaps I’m merely trying to milk Swiftian sunlight from common cucumbers.
Add a few hollow earth theories and one or two flat earth theories to the Sargasso pea soup, compare the taste of the resulting dish to the current popular understandings of "reality" and How It All Works, and the finished dish will provide plenty of food for thought.
[1] http://www.blather.net/subscribe.html
[2] http://www.forteantimes.com
[3] Send email to majordomo@primenet.com with the words "subscribe forteana" on the first line of an otherwise blank message.
[4] Book of the Damned ISBN 1-870870-53-0, New Lands ISBN 1-870870-62-x,
Lo! ISBN 1-870870-89-1.
[5] Fortean Studies 2 ISBN 1-870-870-70-0 and Fortean Times 106:35.
[6] http://www.blather.net/archives/issue1no24.html
[7] The Way That I Went, Robert Lloyd Praeger, 1937. The Collins
Press, ISBN 1-898-256-357
[8] "Fortean Phenomena in the Annals of the Four Masters," by Peter Alderson Smith, Fortean Times 54:51.
[9] Interestingly, mention of the 956 A.D. incident is also mentioned in a United States Air Forces Academy textbook, Introductory Space Science, Volume II, Department of Physics, USAF, edited by Major Donald G. Carpenter and co-edited by Lt. Colonel Edward R. Therkelson (http://in-search-of.com/frames/WWWBoard/messages/1412.html). According to the online version, the book was taken off the curriculum in the 1970s, due of the controversy surrounding it.
[10] Daibhi O Croinin’s Early Medieval Ireland 400-1200 (Longman, 1995 ISBN: 0582015650)
[11] "Magonia: A Re-Evaluation," Jean Louis Brodu, Fortean Studies 2, ISBN 1-870870-70-0.
[12] A breed of off-the-rack ghost tale. A loose version would consist of a young stranger seeking shelter on a stormy night, and whiling away the hours playing cards or dining with his hosts, and flirting with the daughter of the household. She drops a card, or a fork, and on reaching beneath the table, notices that the mysterious guest has a cloven hoof. She screams, and the guest departs via the ceiling in a ball of flame.
I would offer thanks for the sterling support and much needed assistance of Paul "Archeire" Clerkin, Bob "Fortean Times" Rickard, Leslie Ellen Jones Ph.D., Kelly McGillis, Andy Silverman, Tim Hodkinson, Daniel Ko, Brian Chapman and Patrick Huyghe.
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Freedom of Information Act Requests 2019
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P80 Group Foundation
The Broken Circuits of Technology Transfer and Deployment
Why doesn't technology diffuse more rapidly from places where it was invented and, in many cases, deployed successfully for many years to places where it is needed to solve such pressing social and economic development issues as access to clean drinking water, off-grid renewable energy, low-cost high quality health care, and enhanced food security? There is no technological mystery about how to make substantial progress in each of these areas. We know how to purify water, process, store and preserve food, and harness water, wind and sunlight to generate electricity. Technological solutions to each of these vexing problems have been in widespread use for years in many parts of the world and, as we showcased during the Global Solutions Summit, new, improved technological solutions are emerging from both developed and developing countries at a steady pace. To have an immediate impact, we do not have to go into a lab and invent things that the world has never seen before. We “merely” have to deploy existing, proven solutions to places that need them to solve their problems.
If that’s the case, why doesn’t technology move more freely from places where it was invented to places where it is needed? What are the impediments even to potentially profitable technology deployment transactions?
A recent G-77 declaration argues that the root cause of the problem is the failure of developed country governments to honor their “commitments to transfer technology to developing countries and provide access to technology on favourable terms, including concessional and preferential terms.” As I noted in a previous blog, this begs a wide range of critically important questions. Two sets of questions stand out as particularly relevant. First, who is going to be acquiring this technology – governments or private entities -- and what obstacles are impeding them from using it to produce such services as clean drinking water and renewable energy? Second, who owns the technology that would be transferred – governments or private individuals -- and what obstacles are impeding them from “transferring” this technology to emerging markets?
I would argue that there are structural impediments on both the acquiring and technology providing sides of the technology transfer process. In the Summary of the December 2012 Club de Madrid-P80 Group Foundation meeting in Little Rock, Arkansas and the ensuing Little Rock Accord, my P80 Group Foundation colleagues and I described these structural impediments as “broken circuits” or structural obstacles that make it difficult for entrepreneurs in developing countries to identify, adapt and adopt proven technologies and for entrepreneurs (in developed and emerging markets) who own these proven technologies to identify potential customers or users in emerging markets. Until we address these structural problems and repair these broken circuits, subsidies alone stand little chance of generating a more effective global technology deployment process.
In terms of the emerging market side of the equation, I have written previously (here on Page 7) that for many developing countries, innovation entails “building the capacity to use technologies that are in widespread use elsewhere but that are new to the country, new to the firm, or used in new ways. To facilitate this type of innovation, countries must build the capacity to find, absorb and use these technologies.” More recently, in a Discussion Paper prepared for the 11th Annual Brookings Blum Roundtable on Global Poverty, Professor Diego Comin of the Harvard Business School writes, “Technological knowledge is a key ingredient for the adoption and use of new technologies. Often, companies need to know how to use a new technology before they can decide whether the technology will solve its needs.”
In other words, developing countries need to build the expertise required to learn what technologies are currently available, what new ones are coming online, how to get these technologies into the hands of local entrepreneurs who can combine them with other technologies and integrate the entire package into viable businesses or service delivery organizations, and how to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of different technological solutions. How can developing countries develop this expertise?
Several years ago, some World Bank colleagues and I recommended that as part of their national innovation strategies, developing countries establish a series of Innovation and Technology Entrepreneurship Centers (ITECs). These ITECs, which could be jointly administered by local university schools of engineering and business, would serve as local centers of expertise for technologies in a particular sector (e.g., water filtration, off-grid renewable energy, etc.), scouting organizations monitoring the latest technological developments in that sector, and technology deployment centers helping local entrepreneurs learn what technologies are available and how to use them. More specifically, working in collaboration with the local private sector, including students as well as expatriates, and returning members of the Diaspora with special sectoral expertise , government agencies, universities, research institutes, private foundations, and NGOs, ITECs would (i) identify, evaluate, and locate relevant technology that exists outside the home country; (ii) where necessary, license it or find other ways to acquire it and bring it into the country; (iii) pass it along to scientists in universities, research institutes, engineers, designers, and private businesses who can perform any “translational” or “developmental” research and design modifications required to adapt this technology for local use and to suit local customs; and (iv) transfer or diffuse this technology to local entrepreneurs from inside and outside the country who can start new businesses on the basis of this “new-to-the-country” technology.
In addition to these technical functions, ITECs could help play a matchmaking function by introducing local entrepreneurs who want to start a business on the basis of this new technology to entrepreneurs with interesting technology who are looking for emerging market partners. ITECs could also sponsor “start-up weekends” and boot camps where would-be local entrepreneurs with interesting ideas for starting a rural micro-grid or a rural clean water distribution business can join with other like-minded individuals, get mentoring and advice from experienced entrepreneurs, and learn about new ways to finance their business and the newest ways to generate revenue from customers, etc.
Developing ITECs will go a long way towards helping to repair the first broken circuit. Repairing the second broken circuit will require helping entrepreneurs with useful technology do business in emerging markets.
In the course of organizing the Global Solutions Summit, my colleagues and I encountered numerous entrepreneurs who had developed innovative technologies for generating off grid electricity, energy saving devices for pumping irrigation water and cooling/heating buildings, and drinking water filtration and purification systems. (We will soon feature some of these companies on the GSS website. Further announcements about this will be available in the coming weeks.) In almost every case, the technology was not developed with emerging market customers in mind. But when we explained to the entrepreneurs or the venture capitalists who backed them that there was an enormous potential market for this technology in emerging markets, we were frequently met with this common refrain: “I simply don’t have the bandwidth, contacts, or know-how to find customers in Africa, Latin America and Asia.” This illustrates the second technology transfer broken circuit. Not only don’t countries have the capacity to identify and adopt the technology they need but technology suppliers do not have the capacity to identify and develop commercial relationships with potential customers in emerging markets.
As my colleagues in the P80 Group Foundation and I pointed out in Little Rock, there are at least five barriers inhibiting technology deployment:
1. The Technology Company (TC) does not have a comprehensive strategy and specialized support to enter multiple markets simultaneously.
2. The TC lacks sufficient capital for additional staff and other resources necessary to service the international markets.
3. The TC lacks a qualified and well capitalized local in-country "franchisee" to act as a local project developer, develop a locally acceptable billing and payment system, organize and operate repair and maintenance services, and combine the entrepreneur's core technology with all the other technologies that are required for operating, for example, a well functioning off-grid power generation and distribution business or water purification drinking water production and distribution system.
4. The TCs and local "franchisees" lack the complete know-how to access all of the governmental, NGO and public/private related assistance that is available for both project preparation, feasibility studies, and project financing and often do not have the time and resources to develop such assistance on a case by case basis.
Repairing this broken circuit requires innovative business organization models and technology deployment mechanisms which, in turn, can attract financing directly and indirectly from institutional investors, the Diaspora, and the “crowd.” Future blogs will discuss these issues in greater detail.
Alfred Watkins is Chairman of the Global Solutions Summit. He worked for more than 23 years at the World Bank, specializing in technology transfer to emerging markets. He worked extensively in Europe and Central Asia, Southeast Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.
Brookings Blum Roundtable On Global Poverty
Club De Madrid
Little Rock Accord
Technology Deployment
World Bank Global Forum Action Plan
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Leif Ove Andsnes
Semyon Bychkov
Johan Dalene
Alan Gilbert
Sheku Kanneh-Mason
Miloš Karadaglić
Nikolaj Szeps-Znaider
Franz Welser-Möst
The Kanneh-Masons
Special Artist Projects
Carl Nielsen International Competition
Rosendal Chamber Music Festival
Alan Gilbert in 2016-17
“The Gilbert era…has been the most intellectually lively in the recent history of the orchestra.” – New Yorker
In seven years as Music Director of the New York Philharmonic, Alan Gilbert has continued to evolve the role of the modern orchestra; as the New York Times put it, “helping to change the template for what an American orchestra can be.” The eighth and final season of Gilbert’s tenure, which also marks the Philharmonic’s 175th anniversary season, not only honors their shared hometown, but also celebrates this extraordinary legacy. Thus world premieres of new Philharmonic commissions rub shoulders with iconic masterworks and an adventurous opera performance; artistic residencies continue to forge and nurture meaningful musical partnerships; innovative programming explores the ways music can foster global community and positive change; and the conductor and orchestra once again take their vision overseas on their seventh and final European tour together. Meanwhile, as a perennially popular guest of the world’s foremost ensembles, Gilbert returns to the podiums of the Berlin Philharmonic, Munich Philharmonic, Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra, Orchestra of the Lucerne Festival Academy, and Rome’s Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia, besides making his staged operatic debut at La Scala. Once again, the season looks to showcase the “unflashy radicalism” with which the conductor has consistently shown himself to be “a force of permanent revolution” (New York magazine).
As Gilbert explains:
“The New York Philharmonic has always been and will always be my musical home. My final season as Music Director – and the Philharmonic’s 175th anniversary season – will present music that the orchestra and I love, and will celebrate New York City, our shared hometown. Looking back on my tenure, I am particularly proud that the projects and collaborative approach I introduced in my first season are now woven into the fabric of the Philharmonic. I will always treasure the sense of warmth and family with the musicians of the orchestra: there’s nothing better than to share the stage with friends. My final weeks encapsulate some of my musical aspirations, with the final subscription program examining a question I see as crucial to the future: how music can be a positive force in a world faced with crises. It speaks in part to what I hope I have accomplished at this great orchestra – to make music an essential part of this city, our world, and people’s lives.”
Farewell season at the New York Philharmonic
To launch his farewell season at the Philharmonic, Gilbert leads the Opening Gala Concert (Sep 21) that pays tribute to their native city. The New York premiere of John Corigliano’s Stomp, for Orchestra shares the program with two key New York works of the past: Gershwin’s Concerto in F, which the Philharmonic commissioned and premiered, with American jazz virtuoso Aaron Diehl, and Dvorák’s Symphony No. 9, “From the New World,” which the Philharmonic premiered in 1893. This work forms the centerpiece of the orchestra’s season-long New World Initiative, which seeks to make the beloved symphony a cultural touchstone for as many New Yorkers as possible. By way of an upbeat to the new season, for the fourth edition of The Art of the Score: Film Week at the Philharmonic, Gilbert and the Philharmonic – the orchestra that anchored the film’s original soundtrack recording – accompany a screening of Woody Allen’s Manhattan (Sep 16 & 17) with the first live-to-film performance of its classic Gershwin score.
The Music Director’s commitment to contemporary composition is one of the defining hallmarks of his tenure. Marking the first in The New York Commissions – a trio of works commissioned from composers based in the city, writing on New York themes, to be premiered over three seasons – he conducts the world premiere of a new work by Pulitzer Prize-winner Wynton Marsalis, the Managing & Artistic Director of Jazz at Lincoln Center, which joins the Philharmonic in the performances (Dec 28, 29, 30; Jan 3). Gilbert also leads world premiere performances of a Philharmonic-commissioned violin concerto by award-winning Soviet-Russian-born composer Lera Auerbach (March 1–3) and a Philharmonic co-commissioned piano concerto by HK Gruber (Jan 5–7), the Austrian composer whose comic opera Gloria – A Pig Tale was, as staged under Gilbert’s leadership by Giants Are Small, a highlight of the inaugural NY PHIL BIENNIAL. The two concerto soloists are violinist Leonidas Kavakos and pianist Emanuel Ax, the present and 2012-13 incumbents of the Philharmonic’s Mary and James G. Wallach Artist-in-Residence position.
This position, together with The Marie-Josée Kravis Composer-in-Residence, was one of the initiatives launched by Gilbert in his inaugural season as Music Director. It was also he who subsequently introduced the Kravis Emerging Composer and Artist-in-Association positions, and all four partnerships continue to flourish. In the coming season, the second of Esa-Pekka Salonen’s term as Composer-in-Residence, Gilbert conducts the New York premiere of the great Finn’s Cello Concerto, a Philharmonic co-commission, with Yo-Yo Ma (March 15–18), who rejoins Gilbert and the orchestra to reprise the concerto on their EUROPE / SPRING 2017 tour (March 23–April 7). To celebrate these partnerships, the Music Director also leads the New York premieres of Salonen’s Wing on Wing and Aeriality by Kravis Emerging Composer Anna Thorvaldsdottir alongside Kavakos’s account of the Brahms Violin Concerto (May 19, 20 & 23). Other artists of note who will appear with the orchestra under his direction this season include violinist Lisa Batiashvili, Philharmonic Principal Clarinet Anthony McGill, pianists Stephen Hough and Lang Lang, mezzo-soprano Joyce DiDonato, and 2015-16 Artist-in-Residence bass-baritone Eric Owens. Together with soprano Renée Fleming, pianist Yefim Bronfman, and violinists Joshua Bell, Pamela Frank and Philharmonic Concertmaster Frank Huang, Ax and Batiashvili are among the artistic luminaries who come together for a festive program to celebrate Gilbert’s 50th birthday, under his own leadership (Feb 23).
Other highlights of the conductor’s Philharmonic season further illustrate the breadth of programming that has consistently characterized his directorship. Key concerts include complete performances of Wagner’s Das Rheingold, with Eric Owens and Jamie Barton heading a star-studded cast (June 1, 3 & 6); a tribute to new septuagenarian John Adams, with whose Doctor Atomic the Music Director scored his first Grammy Award (March 9–11); a creative pairing of Beethoven’s Ninth with Schoenberg’s A Survivor from Warsaw (May 3–6 & 9); seasonal performances of Handel’sMessiah, in which Gilbert’s “decisive phrasing, generally brisk pacing and insistence on crystalline textures” previously impressed the New York Times as “magical” (Dec 13–17); and accounts of Mahler’s Fourth Symphony on both sides of the Atlantic, to complete his full Philharmonic cycle of the composer’s symphonies (March 1–4; March 23–April 7). The upcoming “EUROPE / SPRING 2017” tour takes Gilbert and the orchestra back to Luxembourg, Antwerp, Düsseldorf, Essen, Budapest, Vienna, Hamburg, and Copenhagen, crowned by their third residency at London’s Barbican, in repertoire showcasing such season highlights as Salonen’s Cello Concerto, Mahler’s Fourth, and the music of John Adams (March 23–April 7). Making a fitting end to the 2016-17 season and indeed to the Music Director’s eight-year tenure, their Season Finale program features “guest artists from around the world in performances that highlight important international issues and foster the idea of a global community that shares a common humanity.” (June 8–10).
Guest conducting Europe’s top orchestras
Gilbert remains in high demand with the world’s foremost orchestras. At Milan’s La Scala, he helps premiere a new production of Porgy and Bess by stage director Philipp Harnoncourt, starring Morris Robinson and Kristin Lewis, which marks the conductor’s first staged opera with the company and the first time that the original version of Gershwin’s score will be heard there in its entirety (Nov 13–23). As a regular guest of the Berlin Philharmonic, Gilbert leads a program of Tchaikovsky, Bartók, and John Adams, the orchestra’s current composer-in-residence (Dec 2–4). After joining violinist Anne-Sophie Mutter for a program exploring the roots of Modernism at the Lucerne Festival(Sep 4), Gilbert returns to the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra with a pairing of Bartók’s Bluebeard’s Castle and Beethoven’s Second Piano Concerto, followed by a special “talk and performance” event for which he and soloist Inon Barnatan – the Israeli pianist now launching his third and final season as the New York Philharmonic’s inauguralArtist-in-Association – join German TV personality Malte Arkona (Oct 20–22). In the New Year, the conductor resumes the podiums of the Munich Philharmonic (Feb 2–5), Royal Concertgebouw (Feb 8–11), and Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia (Feb 16–18) orchestras, where highlights include the world premiere of a new Concertgebouw commission by Joey Roukens, and a Rome rendition of The Ring Synthesis, Gilbert’s own arrangement of selections from Wagner’s Ring Cycle.
2015-16 highlights at the Philharmonic and beyond
These engagements follow a string of fresh triumphs for the conductor. At the New York Philharmonic, he launched 2015-16 with season-opening events at Lincoln Center’s newly renamed David Geffen Hall, where his leadership of Strauss’s Ein Heldenleben drew “pyrotechnic pleasures and swashbuckling sounds” (New York magazine) from the orchestra, and Carnegie Hall, where their program – featuring an “incandescent performance” (New York Times) of Ravel’s Daphnis et Chloé, Suite No. 2 – was selected as one of the “Top Ten of 2015” (New York Classical Review). Philharmonic highlights went on to include a “white-hot” (New York Times) account of Stravinsky’s Rite of Spring; widely celebrated commemorations of the Sibelius sesquicentennial; and the second NY PHIL BIENNIAL, the kaleidoscopic, citywide new-music immersion at which he led premieres by William Bolcom, John Corigliano, Per Nørgård, and the late Steven Stucky, as well as a three-part Ligeti series at the Metropolitan Musuem of Art. As theNew York Times wrote:
“Few of Alan Gilbert’s initiatives as the New York Philharmonic’s music director have been as ambitious, and as successful, as the NY Phil Biennial. It’s not just an extended immersion in contemporary music – that would be admirable enough – but also an endeavor that connects the orchestra with a range of spaces and cooperating organizations.”
Under his curation, the festival featured Gerald Barry’s operatic adaptation of The Importance of Being Earnest, prompting the Wall Street Journal to observe: “We can thank the New York Philharmonic and its soon-to-depart music director, Alan Gilbert, for bringing some of the most imaginative opera events of recent years to New York.” Gilbert also led members of the Philharmonic’s brass section at the University of Michigan’s homecoming football game, named one of the best five halftime shows of 2015 (NCAA), and directed the orchestra’s 100th-birthday gala tribute to Frank Sinatra, with such household names as Christina Aguilera, Bernadette Peters, Sting, and Seth MacFarlane. This was subsequently broadcast nationwide on PBS’s Live From Lincoln Center, scoring the conductor his second Emmy Award nomination for Best Musical Direction.
In light of his impending departure from the orchestra, accolades are continuing to pour in. In the New Yorker, Alex Ross declared:
“Gilbert’s record with new music is unambiguously formidable, rivaling that of Leonard Bernstein and Pierre Boulez, the two great visionaries in Philharmonic history. Indeed, Gilbert may have been a more persuasive advocate than either of them, since, not being a composer himself, he could not be accused of serving his own agenda.”
“I already know that I’ll greatly miss the specific spirit of innovation that he has brought to my hometown orchestra,” wrote Seth Colter Walls in the Guardian. “The seemingly selfless, profoundly gifted maestro…will be missed,” agreed Martin Bernheimer in the Financial Times. As Alex Ross put it, “The Gilbert era…has been the most intellectually lively in the recent history of the orchestra.”
Beyond the Philharmonic, last season saw Gilbert make guest conducting debuts with four eminent European ensembles: Milan’s La Scala Orchestra, the Staatskapelle Dresden, the Academy of St. Martin in the Fields, and the London Symphony Orchestra, after which the Guardian ran its review under the headline: “New York maestro hands audience an adrenaline rush.” He returned to Leipzig’s Gewandhaus Orchestra, Paris’s Orchestre Philharmonique de Radio France, Tokyo’s Metropolitan Symphony, Hamburg’s NDR Symphony, and the Cleveland Orchestra, where he gave “the kind of searing, well-paced, and deeply organic performance” that “demands a cultivated relationship” (Plain-Dealer). Likewise, his leadership of George Benjamin’s opera Written on Skin at the Mostly Mozart Festival was named one of the “Best Classical Performances of 2015” by both New York magazine and the New York Times, which praised the “surging and nuanced performance” he drew from the Mahler Chamber Orchestra.
In addition to his Emmy nomination, Gilbert’s achievements were recognized with two new awards. He received anhonorary doctorate from Westminster Choir College, where he served as the 2016 commencement speaker, and was named an Officier de l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French government. As the subject of an episode of PBS TV’s celebrated Charlie Rose show, he eloquently described his vision for the evolution of the orchestra in contemporary society and his own plans for the future. Click here to see Gilbert’s appearance on Charlie Rose.
See the original news release at 21C Media Group here.
Franz Welser-Most
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GENDER AND EDUCATION - MYTHS, MISCONCEPTIONS AND REALITIES.
The ‘gender effect’ is a matter of concern not only for England but many countries around the world. As a result, gender and educational attainment continues to be the focus of research. Initially the focus was on ‘girls’ underachievement’ in the 1970’s but since the 1990’s, however, the discourse has shifted significantly to focus on ‘boys’ underachievement.’
This issue regularly preoccupies the minds of many politicians and parts of the media, and from time to time it gives way to a moral panic. However, in terms of inequalities in education it is worth remembering that class has over five times the effect and ethnicity has twice the effect compared to gender. [i] That is not to say that that the effect of gender is not still significant but it should be considered within this context. The actual issues affecting inequalities in education can be quite complex and to gain a better understanding of these issues it is important to look at how class, ethnicity and gender come together to interplay on educational outcomes. It is recommended that senior leadership teams and staff in school look holistically at the needs of their particular pupils and groups of pupils who are currently underachieving before developing strategies to address these needs. It is also worth remembering that there are more variations within the overaching groups of ethnic minority and pupils eligible for free school meals, as there are between them too, largely because groups are not homogeneous and have a wide variety of needs.
This fascination with the ‘gender effect’ has resulted in many myths and misconceptions being perpetuated. For colleagues interested in addressing gender inequalities Equitable Education has produced the following Infographic exploding 12 myths and misconceptions commonly associated with gender. The Infographic has been based on the publication called ‘Education and Gender – Mythbusters. Addressing Gender and Achievement: Myths and Realities’ produced by the DCSF in 2009 and written by Gemma Moss, Becky Francis and Christine Skelton.
[i] Gillborn D & Mirza H (2000), ‘Educational Inequality: Mapping Race, Gender and Class. A Synthesis of Research’. Ofsted London
The realities to these myths are outlined below:
The original publication ‘Education and Gender – Mythbusters. Addressing Gender and Achievement: Myths and Realities’ produced by the DCSF in 2009 and written by Gemma Moss, Becky Francis and Christine Skelton it is available here in PDF format for you to download. It includes further information, along with research evidence to back up these assertions.
We shall be coming back to this topic in future postings, so do visit our blog regularly to keep updated. In the meantime, should you require specialist advice and support in addressing educational inequalities in.your school, please do contact us at Equitable Education by e-mailing us on info@equitableeducation.co.uk
If you would like a PDF version of our Infographic to use in your school, please get in touch with us by using the e-mail above. We look forward to hearing from you.
Using peer-tutoring to improve standards in reading
A short while ago, I attended a meeting with colleagues at the Centre for Evaluation and Monitoring (CEM) at Durham University to discuss proposals for working with schools in disadvantaged areas to improve reading. Using the research findings from the EEF Toolkit developed by CEM, which found that peer tutoring was one of the top three strategies to improve learning, we are looking at ways in which we could use both cross–aged peer tutoring and parental engagement (another strategy recognised by the Toolkit) to raise standards in reading in a sustainable way.
Durham University is already working on a Shared Maths peer tutoring programme across four Local Authorities (LA). The Shared Maths project is being funded by Education Endowment Foundation (EEF) and it is a cross–aged peer tutoring programme involving Year 5’s working as tutors and Year 3’s as tutees. Pupils work together for 20 minutes a week, over a period of 16 weeks to solve mathematical problems. Together, they use a variety of strategies based on real life situations to gain a deep understanding of the mathematical problem and reach an answer to this problem. Altogether, there are nearly 100 schools across the four LA’s involved in the Shared Maths project which commenced in 2012 and will continue to be delivered over the next few years. Each LA has a local co-ordinator who works with schools in their area to provide initial CPD and follow up training to teachers taking part, along with on-going tailored support to schools throughout the duration of their involvement. InCAS, which is a diagnostic, computer-adaptive assessment tool, is being used to provide an objective measure of attainment and inform personalised learning of pupils involved in the project. Bristol University is providing an external evaluation of the Shared Maths Project.
The benefits of the cross–aged peer tutoring work are cited as the following:
· “Cross-age peer tutoring in maths has consistently been found to raise attainment with gains for both tutors and tutees.
· On top of the attainment gains there are social and emotional benefits to being involved in peer tutoring:
· Participating in a peer tutoring programme can improve attitudes both to maths and to school generally.
· Peer tutoring can increase motivation and confidence in maths.
· Working with a partner using the peer tutoring technique develops pupils’ interpersonal skills as well as improving social, communication and teamwork skills.
· Peer tutoring can increase social relationships within schools particularly for people who find it difficult to make friends”.
Source Durham University www.sharedmaths.org website.
Recognising the above benefits of peer tutoring, we are hoping to extend the Shared Maths Project by piloting a small scale project with 6 primary schools to deliver peer-tutoring with a focus on improving reading for 10 weeks and then extending the same techniques to parents, so that target pupils continue to read within the home environment. This should allow for the development of a holistic approach to reading within the family context, with opportunities for families to read reciprocally, using other languages if these are spoken within the home environment.
The evidence base for peer learning is extensive, with Professor Keith Topping being a leading expert in the field. Professor Topping who is the Director of the Centre for Peer Learning at Dundee University and who was a lead member of the Fife Peer Learning Project, is working with Dr Andy Wiggins, and other colleagues from CEM and I on this project.
Whilst I was at CEM, I had the opportunity to meet with Stuart Kime. Stuart has been part of the team along with Professor Robert Coe, Camilla Nevill, & Robbie Coleman, who have produced the newly released The DIY Evaluation Guide (January 2013) to accompany the refreshed Sutton Trust - EEF The Teaching and Learning Toolkit
Stuart and colleagues are particularly interested in receiving feedback and hearing from colleagues in schools who have used The DIY Evaluation Guide. Stuart can be contacted on stuart.kime@cem.durham.ac.uk
The Sutton Trust-Education Endowment Foundation Teaching and Learning Toolkit. London: Education Endowment Foundation by Higgins, S., Katsipataki, M., Kokotsaki, D., Coleman, R., Major, L.E., & Coe, R. (2013).
Further posting on this blog will provide updates on developments in relation to using peer-tutoring to raise standards of achievement in reading.
In the meantime, interested colleagues may wish to visit the newly refreshed EEF Toolkit pages. The Toolkit is a live resource which will be updated on a regular basis as findings from EEF-funded projects and other high-quality research become available. The sceenshot above only shows the top seven strategies. When you visit the EEF website you will see 30 topics outlined, including 8 new topics which are summarised for average impact on attainment, along with strength of the evidence and their cost. Each one of the topics also has a video case studies and improved links to further reading and providers of professional development via The Teacher Development Trust's GoodCPDGuide.
DO YOU HAVE A PUPIL PREMIUM POLICY? IF NOT, YOU CAN GET A FREE MODEL PUPIL PREMIUM POLICY TEMPLATE AND GUIDANCE FOR SCHOOLS, COURTESY OF EQUITABLE EDUCATION.
Equitable Education has produced a Model Pupil Premium Policy Template and accompanying guidance for schools to use. Both are available free for schools to download from the Guardian Teacher Network. Click here for the Model Policy Template and here for the accompanying guidance.
The Pupil Premium Policy and guidance have been written to support schools to produce a policy of their own. The policy enables all colleagues in a school community to be clear as to how this additional funding is to be used to reduce inequalities, what their role is in narrowing the gaps for disadvantaged pupils and how the school will demonstrate impact. The supporting guidance assists schools in tailoring the policy to meet the needs of their particular pupils. It also pulls all the latest research and tools they can use together in one place for ease of use saving time and effort.
The Pupil Premium Policy Template on the Guardian Teacher Network is a PDF. Should schools require a Word version to make it easier for them to produce their own, this is available on request from Equitable Education on info@equitableeducation.co.uk for a copy.
Equitable Education provides workshops for schools and their governing bodies to facilitate the production of their own Pupil Premium Policy, using all the latest evidence based research of ‘what works’ and evaluation tools that are available to use. We can support you in personalising the workshop, so that it is tailor made to meet the particular needs of your pupils eligible for free schools meals. Please get in contact with Sameena Choudry on sc@equitableeducation.co.uk to discuss the needs of your school and how we can support you in ensuring maximum impact in using your Pupil Premium effectively in narrowing the gaps for your disadvantaged pupils.
For further information on the Pupil Premium and what you as a school needs to meet the Ofsted and Pupil Premium Grant requirements, please read the blog posting below.
WHAT ARE THE REQUIREMENTS OF SCHOOLS REGARDING THE USE OF THE PUPIL PREMIUM AND HOW ARE THEY HELD ACCOUNTABLE FOR ITS USE?
Many schools are receiving additional funding for their pupils who are eligible for free schools meals through the Pupil Premium Grant. This is also given for children who have been looked after for more than six months and children of service personnel. The purpose of the Pupil Premium is to reduce the inequalities in educational attainment that currently exist between disadvantaged pupils and their more affluent peers.
The Pupil Premium Grant is not ring-fenced by the DfE and schools have freedom to use the Pupil Premium as they see fit, based upon their knowledge of their pupil needs.
‘It is for schools to decide how the Pupil Premium, allocated to schools per FSM pupil, is spent, since they are best placed to assess what additional provision should be made for the individual pupils within their responsibility.’ DfE
As a school in receipt of Pupil Premium funding, you are accountable to your parents and school community for how you are using this additional resource to narrow the achievement gaps of your pupils. New measures have been included in the performance tables published annually on a national level. They capture the achievement of disadvantaged pupils covered by the Pupil Premium.
Under The School Information (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2012, Schedule 4 there is specified information which has to be to be published on a school’s website.
Section 9 of this regulation requires schools to publish:
‘The amount of the school’s allocation from the Pupil Premium grant in respect of the current academic year; details of how it is intended that the allocation will be spent; details of how the previous academic year’s allocation was spent, and the effect of this expenditure on the educational attainment of those pupils at the school in respect of whom grant funding was allocated’.
In addition, under the Ofsted Inspection Framework 2012, there is a stronger focus on improving the learning and progress of different groups and on narrowing gaps in standards. As a result, Ofsted carefully scrutinises the use of the Pupil Premium and the impact this is having on narrowing the gaps. Please note that this permeates across all four areas of the new Ofsted framework and your governing body has an important role in monitoring the use of the Pupil Premium and accounting for its effectiveness.
Equitable Education has produced a free Model Pupil Premium Policy Template for schools to use, with accompanying guidance. Both documents are available from the Guardian Teacher Network and can be downloaded here.
Equitable Education can provide workshops for your school and your governing body on the Pupil Premium. this which will be tailor made to meet the specific needs of your pupils eligible for free school meals. These workshops will also take you through the latest evidence based research of ‘what works’ and evaluation tools to ensure that members of your school community know how to narrow the gaps and can demonstrate impact. Please feel free to get in touch with Sameena Choudry on sc@equitableeducation.co.uk to discuss your school needs. We can also provide you with a Word version of the two documents produced by Equitable Education. These are available by e-mail from info@equitableeducation.co.uk
DO YOU KNOW HOW TO ADDRESS THE SPECIFIC LINGUISTIC NEEDS OF YOUR ADVANCED ENGLISH AS AN ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE (EAL ) PUPILS, SO THEY ARE PREPARED FOR THEIR KS 2 WRITING SATS?
Over the last few years there has been either a significant reduction, or in some cases a cut in Local Authority services providing specialist consultancy support for teachers to address the needs of pupil’s for whom English as an additional language (EAL), even though many EAL pupils at Key Stage 2 continue to underperform, especially in regions outside of London. Some schools may have specialist EAL teachers employed who have the expertise to support teachers to raise the attainment of these pupils but more often than not it is often left to class teachers, who may or may not have relevant training and specialist skills to address the needs of advanced EAL learners.
Many teachers may not be aware of the research and resources that can support teachers in improving the writing skills of advanced EAL learners. The research on ‘Writing in English as an additional language at KS 2’, undertaken by Professor Cameron and Dr Besser at the University of Leeds on behalf of the DCSF is very useful. This was shortly followed by Ofsted’s ‘Could they do even better’ which identified the need for teachers to be aware of the specific linguistic needs of advanced bilingual learners, along with detailed case studies to illustrate the difference that effective intervention, addressing specific linguistic features, can make to the development of the writing skills of advanced bilingual learners. A few years later PNS developed materials entitled ‘Teaching units to support guided writing in English as an additional language’, for teachers and teaching assistants to support the development of writing of advanced EAL learners. Although these publications may now seem dated, they are in fact still very relevant and pertinent. They are recommended for use by teachers who wish to find out more about the specific issues their advanced EAL learners face in writing in KS2, and how they can support their pupils to do better in their KS 2 writing SATS papers.
Professor Lynne Cameron and Dr Sharon Besser analysed Key Stage 2 SATS writing papers in 2003 to see if there were any significant differences in the writing of Year 6 pupils for whom English was an additional language (EAL), with a specific focus on advanced learners and those for whom it was their mother tongue (EMT). They compared 264 scripts by focusing on text, sentence and word level. The 2003 scripts had two tasks - one story and a radio advertisement. The story writing task consisted of a set of pictures leading to a problem for the main characters, which pupils had to resolve and conclude. The shorter task was to write an advertisement for local radio to persuade listeners to buy a new toy.
Their analysis of the scripts are summarised below in tables from their publication (pages 11-14), with significant differences highlighted by the dark boxes.
Based on the above findings they highlighted that the following grammatical features may present particular challenges for EAL learners:
Teachers preparing their advanced EAL learners for KS 2 writing tests may wish to use the blank proformas included on pages 90-93 of their publication for analysing the writing produced by their own pupil’s. The publication also provides detailed annotated examples of the completed profromas, which the researchers themselves produced when analysing the scripts themselves.
The teaching units can be used by trained adults working with small groups of children in Years 2-6 or as part of quality first teaching in lessons.
Equitable Education is able to provide specialist advice and training to support all staff working with advanced EAL learners. For further information, please contact Equitable Education on info@equitableeducation.co.uk
Seven specific characteristics of outstanding leaders who successfully close the gaps
During the course of over 25 years in education, I have been privileged to have had the opportunity to work alongside hundreds of primary and secondary schools leaders in Yorkshire. The vast majority of schools I have spent most of my career in are those which would be deemed to be in “challenging circumstances”[i]. These schools are the ones I proactively chose to focus my own teaching career in because of the potential to make a greater difference. Recently, I have been reflecting on the specific characteristics of successful leaders of challenging schools who I have seen successfully close the gaps in attainment. What is it that they do on a regular and sustained basis for their pupils and communities, which makes the difference between success and failure of a school and its community ?
There is much research on what constitutes successful school leadership.[ii] However, there has been much less research on the nature of successful leadership of schools facing challenging circumstances[iii] with attention being drawn to this subject only a decade ago. In 2009, Ofsted published two key reports[iv] outlining characteristics of schools which were outstanding and excelled against the odds, in terms of their intake of pupils and location. The same year the then DCSF also published two phase reports[v] with a main focus on white pupils eligible for free school meals. There seems however, even much less written about leadership of multi-ethnic schools. Following Gillborn and Gipps’[vi] seminal research in 1996, which highlighted the under-performance of some minority ethnic pupils, Blair and Bourne’s research[vii] in 1998 highlighted the characteristics of outstanding multi-ethnic schools. Subsequent to this, the only other main research which focuses on successful multi-ethnic leadership was undertaken by Dimmock et al[viii] in 2004, followed by Walker et al,[ix] which used a case study approach of ‘good leaders’ of multi-ethnic schools, setting the challenges they face within an international context. Currently, with the focus on closing the gap and raising attainment in schools near or below floor targets, many of whom are schools facing challenging circumstances, HMCI Wilshaw has ordered a review of “Access & Achievement”[x]. The purpose of this review is to focus on the issues facing urban leadership. He has also engaged an expert panel to come up with new and radical solutions to address the issues facing deprived communities. After a year of deliberations, the expert panel is due to report back in May this year.
Based on this research and my own observations of working closely with these leaders who had a proven track record in closing the gaps, I decided to reflect on what I thought were the most compelling specific characteristics they shared and came up with this list, much of which resonates with the research outlined above.
1. Overarching commitment to fairness, equality and social justice.
This commitment drives the schools mission, values and practice in schools and is their ‘raison d’etre’ for leading schools in challenging circumstances. I have observed that that these leaders are confident and command respect from their school community, but at the same time have a sense of humility and modesty, with an eagerness of wanting to learn more about their often changing communities. They have high expectations of their staff, pupils and their communities and ensure that this is permeates across everything the school does.
2. Distributed leadership at all levels
The demands of working in a school facing challenging circumstances is immense and one of the key ingredients is making sure that all leaders in the school passionately share in the Head’s vision and commitment to fairness, equality and social justice. This team of leaders play a pivotal role in ensuring that the many difficult issues they come across on a daily basis are dealt with promptly and effectively, without distracting them from the smooth and efficient running of the school and their core focus of delivering high quality teaching and learning opportunities for their pupils.
3. Delivery of Quality First Teaching, with a high emphasis on literacy skills and the use of swift and effective interventions for those at risk of falling behind.
The leaders I am referring to relentlessly focus on the delivery of high quality first teaching by all their staff, from teachers to support staff, each with a key role to play in accelerating pupil’s progress and learning. They ensure that all staff are experts in teaching literacy, which is taught explicitly and consistently across the curriculum, with interventions carefully monitored for progress and impact. They create opportunities for their pupils and parents to engage in fun literacy activities, even when parents may be less confident in their own literacy skills or do not have the literacy skills in English. They are solution focused by using innovative strategies such as use of technology in the form of “Talking books” or using bilingual reading resources to overcome barriers.
Another key feature of these leaders is that they ensure that the curriculum offered to their pupil’s is reflective of their backgrounds and interests, including positive portrayals of diversity. This demonstrates to pupils and their parents that they are respected and their heritage is valued. A rich variety of enrichment activities are used as a way of enhancing the learning experiences of pupils and are carefully planned at key points in the delivery of the curriculum to actively support learning in a practical, fun and meaningful way. Often when affordability is an issue they use school funds to either subsidise or fully pay for the costs.
4. Use effective and regular tracking systems which are not only disaggregated by different groups (i.e. gender, socio-economic status, ethnicity, language background and special educational needs) but also look at how structural inequalities can come together and impact on pupil outcomes.
They use their tracking data at regular intervals to monitor pupil progress and ensure that both quality first teaching and interventions are delivering faster than average rates of progress, which they know is essential for their pupil’s to get to age related expectations, as many of their pupil’s start at lower levels of attainment on entry. They use this tracking information to deliver bespoke and personalised learning suitable for meeting the needs of either groups of pupils or individual pupils. They expect their pupils to reach at least age related national expectations, irrespective of their starting points and although they are aware of both LA and national performance of particular groups of pupils, they continue to set expectations for them to reach the national benchmark rather than that of their peers, as they know this will perpetuate lower standards.
5. They know each and every child, their background and circumstances.
They use this knowledge to ensure that the holistic needs of the child are met but without compromising on the high expectations they have of them. They show “tough kindness with empathy” rather than expecting less of them because of their particular circumstances. On many an occasion, whilst on a learning walks, with these outstanding leaders they are vigilant and aware of their pupils’ needs and interactions. They also make it their business to know more about the personal circumstances of their pupils as do all Headteachers. However, in addition they make it their business to be knowledgeable of the extra learning their pupil's undertake at weekends and after school, including competency in other languages the pupil's may be learning or speak within the community and at home, as they can see the benefits of bilingualism as a tool for learning.
6. Proactive engagement with the community
They recognise the important role that parents and carers play in the lives of their children, especially since they know that schools only have pupils for 15% of the time. They, therefore proactively look at ways in which the remaining 85% of the time their pupils are with their parents can be maximised. They do this enabling their school to become a hub of the community, providing extended services in partnership with other key services so that wrap around care is available when needed. They also enable successful partnerships to be forged between their school and local complementary schools, who provide additional study support in language, religious or academic study. They work in synergy to meet the holistic needs of the same groups of children, with a collective emphasis on high attainment.
7. They nurture and develop their own staff and governors and try to ensure that they are representative of the community their school serves.
These leaders understand that the school is at the heart of their local community and that pupils need to see positive role models from the community in its staff and governing body. They therefore, nurture and develop staff and governors by providing high quality professional development opportunities and coaching. This also assists in alleviating some of the difficulties they can face in recruiting and retaining staff and governors. In many cases, I have seen these schools develop strong partnerships with local universities and colleges who place trainee teachers in their schools. The advantages are that the school is able to train these teachers in both the generic and specific skills and competencies needed for teaching in urban schools, thereby having a ready pool of potential teachers to recruit from. They also benefit from having highly qualified additional staff in their school which means they can provide more focused quality teaching to their pupils, at minimal cost.
These observations based on my own working closely with these leaders are closely borne out by the research. However, the key issues is not the identification of these key characteristics but the translation of these into practice. We now have, more than ever before much evidence based research to guide us in what works the best. Take for example the latest Education Endowment Foundation, Teaching and Learning Toolkit Research which has shown that providing effective feedback is the single most powerful way of improving attainment. However, less than 3% of teachers in surveyed identified this as a top spending priority for the Pupil Premium. This example illustrates the problem. Therefore, the issue is even though we know the effective characteristics of outstanding leaders who close the gaps in their schools, how do we ensure more schools in similar circumstances have leaders with these specific outstanding characteristics? Bearing in mind the growing emphasis on school to support and system leadership to drive up standards across localities, it is difficult not to share some of the concerns highlighted by HMCI Wilshaw when giving evidence to a cross –party commons committee earlier this week. He stated “The great challenge for the future is to identify system-wide leaders for our poorest areas because at the moment we have got more good head teachers serving quite affluent communities who are national leaders of education who are asked to go into disadvantages communities to support them. I am not sure they have the necessary skills to do that. Some will, some won’t.”
I believe that the many of the leaders I have identified above, lead ‘outstanding’ schools according to Ofsted criteria. However, I have also come across many exceptional leaders, who will find it difficult to get this grading for their school in the current framework, even though the progress the pupils make is higher than the national average. Together, these leaders hold the key to raising standards in similar schools, where many of the systemic problems lie. Recognising the specialist and distinct competencies and expertise they have should form the cornerstone of any strategy in driving forward standards for closing the gaps and raising standards for all.
[i] i.e. those schools which face multiple challenges in terms of their location (inner city and/or in areas of high social deprivation); student mix (higher percentages of pupils eligible for free school meals, mobility, minority ethnic pupils, new arrivals with English as an additional language needs); facing staffing difficulties in terms of recruitment and retention of key staff; parental attitudes and sometimes histories of the schools themselves with low records of attainment and achievement and therefore under pressure from either being in an Ofsted categories or likelihood of falling into one as a result of being below or near the floor targets.
[ii] Alma Harris’s et al’s “10 strong claims about successful leadership”, which built on their earlier work “7 Strong claims about successful school leadership (2006).
[iii] Alma Harris & Chris Chapman “ Leading for improvement in challenging circumstances”, 2003.
[iv] Ofsted “12 outstanding schools: excelling against the odds” published in 2009, with one for primary and the other for secondary, highlighted the characteristics of schools and leaders that may a significant difference.
[v] “Extra Mile: Achieving Success with pupils from deprived communities”.
[vi] “ Recent research into the achievements of ethnic minority pupils”.
[vii] “Making a difference: teaching and learning in successful multi-ethnic schools”.
[viii] “The leadership of multi-ethnic schools: What we know and don’t know about values driven leadership”.
[ix] “Priorities, strategies and challenges: Proactive leadership in multi-ethnic schools”, NCSL.
[x] This new report follows on from two earlier ones, with the same name undertaken by Ofsted, first in 1993 and then a decade later in 2003.
Closing the Gender Gap - Act Now
“Gender equality is not just about economic empowerment. It is a moral imperative. It is about fairness and equity and includes many political, social and cultural dimensions. It is also a key factor in self-reported well-being and happiness across the world. Many countries worldwide have made significant progress towards gender equality in education in recent decades. Girls today outperform boys in some areas of education and are less likely to drop out of school. But the glass is still only half full: women continue to earn less than men, are less likely to make it to the top of the career ladder, and are more likely to spend their final years in poverty”
The Gender Gap - Act Now, OECD, Dec 2012.
Just a few weeks ago the OECD released a detailed report called Closing the Gender Gap - Act Now”. The report covers four key areas of gender inequalities ranging from general public policy, employment and entrepreneurship along with education. The three key areas provide a holistic overview of gender inequalities affect many facets of life with education being one of these. The report is fascinating and it provides a wealth of information on the issues affecting gender in education, along with proposals made by the OECD to policy makers to overcome them.
The key findings will no doubt be familiar to many, such as the fact that boys are more likely to drop out of secondary education, which results in young women becoming increasingly better educated than young men in many OECD countries. It has also been well documented that:
Boys lag behind girls at the end of compulsory education in reading skills, by the equivalent of a year’s schooling on average.
Boys are also far less likely to spend time in reading for pleasure.
In contrast, although boys perform better in mathematics, the gender gap is narrower than in reading.
There remain high disparities in the choice of subject to study, with girls still less likely to choose scientific and technological fields of study,
Even when girls chose these subjects they are less likely to take up careers in those fields which leaves major implications for the potential career and earning prospects for women in the world of work.
The report argues that a major explanatory factor in these gender disparities is due to differences in attitudes. In order to address these disparities they outline key policy messages for governments to note such as getting “girls more interested in mathematics and science and boys more interested in reading in OECD countries, for example, by removing the gender bias in curricula and raising awareness of the likely consequences of male and female choices of fields of study in their careers and earnings”. They also suggest the use of apprenticeships to encourage women who have completed their science technology and mathematics (STEM) studies to work in scientific fields.
Focusing on the role of educational aspirations which are formed in early life, the report recommends that more attention should be devoted to changing gender stereotypes and attitudes at a young age. It outlines how gender stereotyping takes place in subtle ways at home, in schools, and in society and the messages children and young people form when:
they have primarily women teachers in primary schools and male science teachers in secondary,
text books which perpetuate gender stereotypes and
how teachers themselves can perpetuate their beliefs about girl’s and boy’s abilities in particular subjects.
Although these points relate to what happens at the school, the report recognises the fact that attitudes are also crucially determined by what happens at home. This highlights the important fact that whatever teachers do in school they also have to consider how wider societal and family issues can affect outcomes in schools and any strategy to address these gender disparities should also focus on changing attitudes within the context of what goes on at home.
Due to the nature of this posting I have only focused on a few issues highlighted in the report. For those of you wishing to read the full report it is available here.
“To reap the highest economic and social return on education investment, therefore, it is important to find out just why there are gender differences in attitudes towards reading and mathematics, then to discover ways to reverse the imbalance.”
Boys Reading
The OECD report focused on many issues affecting gender inequalities in education across the world. Moving closer to home the issue of boy’s reading in particular persistently remains an area of priority for most schools in England and the UK. The All Party Parliamentary Literacy Group Boys' Reading Commission working jointly with the National Literacy Trust found that ”three out of four (76%) UK schools are concerned about boys’ underachievement in reading despite no Government strategy to address the issue”.
The commission published a report in July 2012 this year. In it they reveal that the “reading gender gap” is widening and says action needs to be taken in homes, schools and communities. The reading commission report provides a comprehensive overview of the issues, with evidence coming from three sources, including a survey of young people themselves. What will be particularly useful to schools and colleagues interested in closing the gender gaps in reading is that it also provides plenty of practical solutions of how boy’s literacy has been successfully supported by schools, thereby providing those of you wishing to address these issues with practical strategies of “what works” to implement in your own schools or classroom contexts.
Links to the National Literacy Trust page on the Boy’s Reading Commission, which includes the report along with other relevant papers are available here.
Please note that any of the views expressed above are mine alone and not necessarily those of the OECD or The National Literacy Trust. Equitable Education is available to provide specialist consultancy to schools in closing the gender gaps in education.
Many of you will be aware that the Pupil Premium is an additional amount of money given on an individual basis to schools for pupils eligible for free school meals (FSM) and for pupils in care who have been continuously looked after for six months. This year the amount has increased from £488 given last year to £600 and it will continue to increase in future years. The DfE also made an announcement in November 2012 that secondary schools “will receive an additional premium of £500 for each Year 7 pupil who has not achieved at least level 4 in reading and/or maths (maximum £500 per pupil) at Key Stage 2. The premium will be available to all state-funded schools with a Year 7 cohort, including PRUs and special schools”.
It is worth remembering that pupils eligible for free school meals (FSM) covers a wide range of pupils, with many, especially pupils with SEND and some minority ethnic pupils having higher rates of eligibility for FSM. Therefore, schools should consider how this valuable resource can be used the most effectively when considering the multiple needs or intersectionality of pupils who come under the category of being eligible for free school meals. The DfE has provided evidence and guidance notes to schools to assist them in the use of the Pupil Premium. These are available here. The DfE has also provided additional guidance for the use of the Year 7 Pupil Premium for pupils who did not achieve a level 4 in reading and/or maths at Key stage 2 “. This is available here.
Just a reminder that although the pupil premium is not ring-fenced, schools are expected to publish on-line though their school website details of how much Pupil Premium they have been allocated, how they plan to use it in the current year along with an account of how last year’s was spent. Most schools have included this information on their websites. What is less evident is the impact the Pupil Premium has had on the educational attainment of eligible pupils. It is also worth noting that schools are expected to publish this information on a school academic year rather than the financial year in which it is allocated, so it will require some calculation of amounts of funding per academic year.
If schools require any information on the points raised in this post or on how they can use the Pupil Premium most effectively to ensure impact on attainment based on the needs of eligible pupils in their schools, please contact Equitable Education on info@equitableeducation.co.uk
"Effective classroom strategies for closing the gap in educational achievement for children and young people living in poverty, including white working-class boys" by C4EO
classroom_strategies_research_review.pdf
This research review which is part of C4EO's schools and communities theme. Written by Jonathan Sharples, Robert Slavin, Bette Chambers (Institute for Effective Education) and Caroline Sharp (NFER) it provides a refreshing and practical insight into what works in closing the gap in achievement for children and young people living in poverty. It builds on the plethora of research which highlights where and what the gaps are for children and young people in that it is the first of its kind that actually focuses on looking at "what works" from a whole school perspective and in the context of the classroom. The authors undertook a systematic research of literature both in the UK and internationally and have come up with the following findings as to "What works" within the classroom:
"International trials-based evidence of effective classroom strategies
International research evidence, based on experimental trials, identifies some common classroom strategies that work across different subjects and educational phases:
The quality of teaching makes the biggest difference to learning outcomes Pedagogy matters.
Coaching teachers/teaching assistants in specific teaching strategies significantly raises outcomes for children living in poverty.
Evidence-based approaches include cooperative learning (structured groupwork), frequent assessment and ‘learning to learn’ strategies.
Adopting new curricula does not, in general, produce large improvements in learning outcomes.
Classroom interventions that close attainment gaps often adopt proven classroom management strategies, for example a rapid pace of instruction, using all-pupil responses and developing a common language for discipline.
Traditional use of information and communication technology (ICT) (e.g. individualised, self-instructional programmes) has minimal impact on attainment for children living in poverty. Whole-class approaches, such as the use of interactive whiteboards and embedded multimedia, show greater promise.
Whole-school reform models, which address multiple elements of school provision, can produce substantial improvements in academic outcomes.
The most powerful improvements in achievement are produced through the use of well-specified, well-supported and well-implemented programmes, incorporating extensive professional development. The review identifies specific evidence-based programmes that UK schools can adopt.
Findings from the best-evidence synthesis of strategies for struggling readers living in poverty – What works for struggling readers? – identify that:
Structured phonics-based approaches, in general, work better than non phonics approaches.
One-to-one tutoring by qualified teachers is very effective for improving literacy outcomes, but this is an expensive strategy.
Tutoring by teaching assistants and volunteers can produce positive outcomes if they are well trained and use structured phonics materials.
Intervening immediately is most effective for primary reading, where preventative whole-class strategies are adopted first, followed by tutoring for the small number of pupils who still need it.
Findings of the best-evidence synthesis of early years interventions – What works in early childhood programmes? – identify that:
Early childhood programmes with explicit emergent literacy instruction and clear teaching objectives, provide the greatest improvements in school readiness, when they are implemented in a developmentally appropriate way" (Pages 2 & 3).
The above provides a very useful checklist for schools on evidence based research of "what works" in the classroom and should enable the use targeted of additional resources such as the "pupil premium" to be used more effectively to close the gaps in achievement. What is interesting is the finding that adopting new curricula does not produce large improvements in learning outcomes. When one considers the financial investment, time and effort devoted to overhauling the curriculum it seems that many other strategies could yield better outcomes for learners than this. In contrast, what is not surprising is the finding that the quality of teaching impacts the greatest on learning outcomes. This still remains one of the fundamental challenges for the English education system where in-school variation continues to exist within schools, with disadvantaged pupils making 1.5 years of learning over a school year with a highly effective teacher compared to 0.5 years learning with a poorly performing teacher. This difference of one year’s worth of learning is critical since the prevalence of in-school variance in the quality of teaching can hold back disadvantaged pupil's learning even further. This brings to the fore the need for schools to ensure the second finding of this report, that there are plenty of opportunities for teachers and learning assistants to receive coaching and support from colleagues who deliver outstanding teaching in school. Spreading this best practice in teaching through collaborative teaching opportunities and peer support rather than the heavy reliance of Ofsted type formal lesson observations, which do not necessarily result in teacher's improving the quality of their own teaching has been shown to impact on pupil's progress.
Further detailed information on each of the classroom strategies is provided in the report for those interested in delving into the evidence further and considering the implications for their own teaching.We haven't focused on the whole school strategies the report outlines as making an impact, but this section will no doubt be of interest to Heads and Senior Leaders too and is well worth a read to save time and effort, not to mention costs in implementing strategies that are going to have very little if negligible impact on outcomes for learners.
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This is the must see matchup of the week.. He carried a 3.66 grade point average while earning his bachelor’s degree in
mesh with Teddy Bridgewater strengths and whose blocking ability will be tremendous with an offense that remains heavily run dependent.
Manning’s numbers went up in the first two seasons in McAdoo’s offense, but last season he struggled, and McAdoo had issues with everything from Manning’s footwork to his decision making. But there was Jerry Jones Jerry Jones locking arms with his players and kneeling before the playing of the anthem..
Reid said during the first three years in Kansas City, he spent more time around Pederson than anyone else. Gonzalez teammates also started flocking to White. Let them try to tackle me and give us a chance to get a free play,'” said Rodgers, an expert at drawing defensive linemen offside for penalties.
But they not stars, and the vast majority are ho hum.. The victim told police he was in his dormitory room in March 2016 when the players tackled and duct taped the freshman, put a pillowcase over his head and threw him in a vehicle, the Chicago Tribune reported, citing court documents describing the victim’s statements to investigators.
These preparations may involve practicing basketball skills, performing drills to build stamina and lifting weights. Youth leagues should apply to their leagues for funds, but they can also apply for grants from national foundations.. Port Charlotte High School’s (PCHS) Model United Nations Academics Team took to the road to compete in both the Southwest Florida Regional Model United Nations Conference and the Florida High Schools Model United Nations Conference held at Florida Gulf Coast University.
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Preview and Prediction for PGA Tour’s 2014 Florida Swing
By Fred Altvater
Now that the new wraparound schedule and west coast swing have concluded, the PGA Tour moves to Florida.
Professional golfers profess that early season tournaments are used to work out the kinks and get back into tournament mode after their winter layoff.
A renewed sense of urgency seems to hit the golf circuit, however, as the tour moves into the "Florida Swing."
Fourteen tournaments are complete in the 2013-14 season, but the top names have only played in handful of events thus far.
The four tournaments in Florida, the Honda Classic, the WGC-Cadillac, the Valspar Championship and the Arnold Palmer Invitational are a preview and a warm-up for the Masters each year.
Tiger Woods has only played once thus far in the U.S. which resulted in a rather untidy T-80 at the Farmers Insurance Open at Torrey Pines.
No. 2 in the world and Masters champion Adam Scott has played just two events in Hawaii before taking his winter vacation.
Phil Mickelson has played in five events this year, but he skipped Riviera and the match play.
All the big names will be in attendance in Florida as the Masters looms the second week in April.
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Rogers Cup 2014: Williams Sisters Show Why Sibling Rivalry Is Still Must-See TV
By Lindsay Gibbs
The best story in sports just keeps getting better.
Nearly 30 years after they started squaring off against each other on the courts in Compton, California, and over 16 years after they first played each other on the pro tour in the second round of the Australian Open, sisters Venus and Serena Williams met again Saturday.
This, the 25th meeting in their historic rivalry, took place in the semifinals of the Rogers Cup in Montreal, a premier event for the WTA. Once again, this was a match that couldn't be missed. In fact, Pam Shriver on ESPN2 surmised that this might have been their best match yet.
Just like their first meeting Down Under so many years ago, this time it was Venus, the elder sister, who came out on top 6-7, 6-2, 6-3 thanks to her forceful strokes, aggressive returns and blazing winners. Unlike when they were teenagers, this was considered an upset.
Jon Wertheim of Sports Illustrated took a look at how the Williams Sisters got here:
As was the case in their meatiest years of their estimable careers, Venus (now 34 years old) and Serena (closing in on 33) each got this far with a combination of shotmaking and mental impregnability. [In the quarterfinals,] Serena needed three sets, but got past her friend Caroline Wozniacki 4-6, 7-5, 7-5. Venus followed that up by beating Carla Suarez Navarro on the same court, 4-6, 6-2, 6-3.
Though they both had rough roads to the semifinal, Serena was still the favorite. After all, she had a 14-10 lead in her head-to-head over Venus, is the No. 1 player in the world and had just come off of a title at Stanford last week, her fourth of the season.
While Serena has not been her dominant self on the big stages, falling early in all three of the majors so far in 2014, she's still the one to beat whenever she takes the court.
Venus, meanwhile, has struggled mightily over the past five years. Rank...
Article Source: Bleacher Report - Tennis
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"What sweet and melancholy memories I still have of those days....I look back on the lovely buildings, the orderly flower beds, the mellow roofs of the Salpêtrière and remember how it seemed that the greatest wrought iron gates shut me in with some grand and glorious past. The old-fashioned charm of it all sank deep into my heart." (Jane Avril)
The Salpêtrière
Between December 28th, 1882 (Jane was 15) until July 11th, 1884, Jane Avril was hospitalised at the hospital. Not because of illness, as many would have you believe, but to protect her from her own mother's abuses.
Here Jane describes her experiences and shares her feelings towards her stay at the Salpêtrière.
"I don't know how or why I was put with the women, for my place should have been with the children....I found myself in the great professor Charcot's service, with the stars of hysteria, an ailment which, at that time, was creating a sensation. The foremost medical men, the best known thinkers of the entire world came in droves to attend the courses presided over by the master and to witness the demonstrations and experiments on his most famous subjects...I lived for two years on this "Eden" - which it was for me, so much in this world being relative...There were those deranged girls whose ailments named Hysteria consisted, above all, in simulation of it...How much trouble they used to go to in order to capture attention and gain stardom. That prize went to the one who would find something novel to overshadow the others when Charcot, followed by a large group of students, stood at the bedside and observed their wild contortions, "arcs de cercle," various acrobatics, and other gymnastics...These patients had nothing to hide from little me - I was of so little consequence! - thus they didn't hesitate to let me know about what they used to call "the secret." They gave me the following directions: - "when you see one of them come in, be sure to come to my bed and press hard on my ovaries," It was understood that this simple maneuver would suffice to interrupt the attack immediately, permitting the "patient" - recovering her wits - to have a conversation with the special person of the moment. When they sensed that the time of Charcot's visit was approaching, several threw a fit and I, now that the time had arrived, cooperated by doing what they had requested of me...Often, in the big amphitheater filled to the top, in front of the chiefs of the medical profession from all countries, Charcot gave his course, presenting his strangest "cases" on whom he performed numerous experiments with suggestion."
"For me it was a comic show to see these crazies come away so proud and delighted to have been chosen and pointed to by the "master". In my tiny brain, I was astonished every time to see how such eminent savants could be duped in that way, when I, as insignificant as I was, saw through the farces. I have said to myself since that the great Charcot was aware of what was happening."
"During my stay in this place, I got to know at the debut of their careers professors Poirier, Babinski, Gilbert Ballet, Ch. Richet (Paul Richer), Marie, Voisin and poor Gilles de la Tourette who died prematurely, carried off by the sad disease that he had learned to care for; and doctors Vigouroux and Lalonde (Londe) who administered electrical treatments."
"I have retained a bittersweet memory of the time I spent in that institution. The buildings, the lay-out of the gardens, the large portals which divided the courtyards seemed to me, in a confused way, to evoke a great century. They gave off a grandiose majesty in the style of the great king, Louis XIV. I was happy there and pampered by everybody. The supervisors considered me the child of the house and there was an old-fashioned charm that suited my reveries."
"I cannot understand how these girls - pretty, for the most part - were so stupid and lazy as to shut themselves away from active life and - voluntary recluses - ruin their precious youth in such a way."
Jane Avril Describes as well the famous "Mad Ball"
"One evening that I have never forgotten, a grand holiday, followed by a masked ball, was given in a pavilion of Doctor Voisin. Many future big shots of the medical profession were in attendance. I was disguised as Descente de la Courtille - in a costune furnished by Mlle Jeanne Charcot...I was ashamed to be so carried away by an instinct which, up to that moment, I had never suspected to be in me..." That evening, at the Salpêtrière, Jeanne Beaudon had a revelation of her calling for dance. "Alas, I was cured!"
Taken from Mes Mémoirs (My Memories) by Jane Avril
Published by Phebus 2005
Translation from Bonduelle, Michel and Gelfand, Toby (1999) "Hysteria Behind the Scenes: Jane Avril at the Salpêtrière, Journal of the History of Neurosciences, 8: 1, 35 - 42
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1076/jhin.8.1.35.1778
Register of Patients admitted to the Hospital of the Salpêtrière
Jane Avril was admitted to the hospital of the Salpêtrière, on the recommendation of a family friend. Jane's birth name, Jeanne Beaudon, first appears in its registers on 28th December 1882. She would stay there for the next 18 months, under the care of the famous Professor Charcot. She was only 14 at the time of entering the hospital.
Craig's Blog - http://www.janeavril.net/craigs-blog.html
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Jenna’s Library Ogilvie III
Ogilvie III: 1st Appellate District Opinion filed 7/29/11
The Court of Appeals reversed the WCAB opinion of 9/3/09 noted below, and remanded the case for further proceedings. On 10/26/11 the California Supreme Court rejected the defendant’s appeal. Under the 7/29/11 decision of Ogilvie III, the Appellate Court determined that the WCAB acted in excess of its authority when the WCAB derived its new method for the alternative diminished future earning capacity factor. The Court focused on the issue of whether it is permissible to depart from the scheduled rating on the basis of vocational expert opinion that the employee has a greater loss of FEC than reflected in the scheduled rating. The Court mentioned 3 ways to rebut the schedule:
1. The party trying to rebut the schedule could show a factual error in the application of the formula, such as the wrong body part, wrong occupation, etc. The Court also discussed the point that there may be problems with the assumptions that the RAND study applied, and the Court alluded to the lack of a cross walk study with the old and new schedules. It appears that if a party wants to rebut the rating based upon problems with the assumptions in the RAND study, then there will have to be evidence regarding those assumptions. The Court seemed to be re-visiting some of the discussion of theBoughner case. However, the Court did not linger on this discussion regarding the possibility of attacking the assumptions of the RAND study, and then the Court moved onto a discussion on the LeBoeuftheory.
2. The Court suggests that the LeBoeuf theory may still apply and a party can rebut the schedule when the injury impairs his or her rehabilitation. Since vocational rehabilitation benefits no longer exist in our current system, perhaps the Court is considering the voucher system. This LeBoeuf theory is mostly effective when the employee’s work injury directly caused the DFEC and other non-work injury factors are not involved, such as general economic conditions, language barriers, and education factors.
3. The applicant could try to show that his or her injury had complications that the RAND study did not consider. Here the Court gave an example of a foot injury that had complications from nerve damage may have had a severity that was not captured within the sampling of disabled workers in the RAND study who did not have similar complications. The Court left it to the WCAB to describe the method for this re-calculation.
The Court did not find any special meaning in the legislative change on SB899 when the legislature changed language in LC Section 4660 to reflect that a PD Award must reflect diminished future earning capacity. The previous version used the terminology that the Award should reflect the employee’s decreased ability to compete in the open labor market. The Court believes these terms are interchangeable.
The case was remanded for further proceedings because the Court was not able to determine whether the vocational experts in Ogilvie considered impermissible factors in the basis for their conclusions.
Further case-law will continue to shape our Ogilvie analysis.
Click here for summary of the Dahl case.
Click here for the Dahl decision.
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Xenophobic voters shun ruling party
By Lee Tae-hoon
Many people against multiculturalism avoided casting votes for the governing Saenuri Party and the minor opposition New Progressive Party in Wednesday’s National Assembly elections on fears of having a nationalized citizen as a legislator.
Few hesitated to express their deep disappointment in the two parties’ support for non-Koreans and Korean nationals with multicultural backgrounds. They argued that the appalling recent murder in Suwon by a Korean-Chinese man reveals the side effects destroying the “homogeneity of Korean society.”
The two parties named Philippine-born Jasmine Lee and Pak No-ja, a Russian-born professor at the University of Oslo in Norway, on their list of candidates for proportional representative seats.
“I just cast my vote for the sake of the nation and the race,” a blogger posted Wednesday on Internet forum “Against Multiculturalism Policy.”
“Many people have lined up to vote in my town. Of course, the two foreigners will not get in.”
Another blogger, identified as “Multiculturalism means multiple races,” urged other voters to avoid casting ballots for political parties that have been supportive of Korea becoming a multicultural society.
“I cast my vote early by excluding parties eager to embrace a multiracial, multicultural society from my choice,” he said. “The Saenuri Party went insane. Don’t ever cast a vote for it.”
The blogger said he filed a complaint against the conservative party for placing Lee, secretary-general of non-profit organization Sharing Water Drops, 15th on its list of proportional representatives.
“It will just be a matter of time before East Asians make up the half of the population,” he argued.
A blogger, indentified as “inferno,” called for a rise in nationalism, saying the Saenuri Party has given up its conservative doctrine.
“I’m a conservative, but I refuse to vote for the Saenuri Party because it has become a load of trash that no longer deserves to be labeled conservative,” he said.
“Now is time for us to prepare for the rebirth of true conservatism in Korea.”
The blogger said he and members of the Alliance for Eliminating Crimes by Foreigners were planning to stage a rally today or Friday in protest of promoting multiculturalism in front of the Government Complex in Gwacheon, Gyeonggi Province.
Numerous bloggers also expressed their deep concern over the promotion of multiculturalism, threatening to shun political parties that overlook problems created by foreigners on messages that they posted on the official website of Cheong Wa Dae.
“As you know Korea is a country with good security,” a blogger named Lee Hyung-in wrote. “If foreign criminal rings come to Korea and stay here as a hideout, Korea will be a playground for foreign criminals.”
Bae Jin-a, a kindergarten teacher, said that politicians are discriminating their own countrymen for the sake of giving more incentives to foreigners.
Bae said she discovered that the government subsidizes fees for kindergartens for families with a multicultural background regardless of their income level.
“They seem to believe it is obligatory for us to treat them as special because they are foreigners. Some do not take their children home even though they are not working and at home,” she said. “I don’t understand why the government fully pays for the education for all multicultural families, including the ones owning many apartments and lots of land.”
leeth@koreatimes.co.kr More articles by this reporter
AI developer to discard data used in controversial 'female' chatbot
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The Most Influential Multiplayer Games of All Time
Nowadays gamers are absolutely spoilt for choice when they decide to head online and seek out some multiplayer fun. The likes of Apex Legends, Rocket League, Minecraft, Overwatch, CS:GO and Dota 2 all offer the potential for some outrageously exciting gameplay, creating massive communities spread across the world.
The thriving multiplayer gaming sector owes a huge debt of gratitude to a select handful of titles that pushed boundaries and opened new avenues of exploration. These are the five most influential multiplayer games of all time:
British students Roy Trubshaw and Richaed Bartle kick-started the multiplayer adventure genre when they developed text based RPG Multi-User Dungeon back in 1978. They designed it on the DEC PDP-10 mainframe at the University of Essex and it revolved around gaining points until one player achieved the Wizard rank, giving the character immortality and special powers over mortals.
MUD became the first online multiplayer RPG in 1980 when the university connected its internal network to ARPANet, allowing fantasy fans to compete with one another. This inspired generations of massively multiplayer titles such as Everquest, Ultima Online and World of Warcraft, plus hundreds of adventure and RPG offers. Bartle and Trubshaw decided not to copyright the game or the technology underpinning it.
They shared it freely and that allowed people to write their own MUDs, sparking a great deal of creativity in the gaming community. It proliferated and evolved, eventually spawning the graphical games that we know and love today.
The original Super Mario Kart dazzled gamers with its exhilarating blend of breakneck action, thrilling duels and tense finishes. It was released on the SNES in 1992 and sold almost 9 million copies worldwide, making it the fourth bestselling game on that console.
Super Mario Kart allowed players to take control of eight different players from the Mario universe, each of whom possessed different abilities. It featured a wonderfully addictive single player mode, but the greatest pleasure lay in meeting up with friends and trying to surge to victory using all manner of thrilling power-ups and special weapons.
The graphics look dated now, but at the time they were cutting edge, possibly the best ever seen on the SNES. The gameplay is absolutely superb and its legacy continues to endure in kart racers and driving games that are being released to this day. The Mario Kart series has now sold 100 million copies and Nintendo continues to churn them out, but the original remains the greatest.
Goldeneye 007 is one of the most influential first-person shooters of all time. It seized upon a genre made popular by Doom, improved upon it significantly and ushered in a new era of realistic graphics and freewheeling gameplay.
The aesthetic was perfect. The weapons were inventive. The death match stages were well judged. §The list of characters was phenomenal, bringing together the main players in Goldeneye and many more Bond villains from the history books.
The single player mode was exciting, but it was all about the split-screen multiplayer mode, which allowed friends to plug in four controllers and wage war.
Goldeneye 007 paved the way for Halo, Call of Duty, Counter-Strike and all the big FPS games that dominate the competitive gaming scene now, from Overwatch to Rainbow 6 Siege. It left an indelible mark on popular culture and its influence is immense. The fact that it was cobbled together by a bunch inspired amateurs working on a shoestring budget makes it even more impressive.
Blizzard struck gold when it unveiled World of Warcraft in 2004. It had already enjoyed considerable success with Warcraft III, but WoW dialled up the intensity and set a new benchmark for MMORPGs.
Each class is viable and interesting, character development is impressive, the gameplay is extremely deep and the environment is absolutely stunning. More than 15 years have passed since it hit shelves, and WoW has grossed more than $10 billion, making it one of the most successful games of all time.
Its influence is enormous. WoW essentially established the basic principle of the MMO genre, ensuring that players are free to enjoy whatever kind of experience they want, whenever they wish to do so. It changed video games and wrecked lives.
Riot Games laid the groundwork for the modern esports sector when it launched LoL in 2009. It followed the Asian model of releasing the game on a free-to-play basis and then set about constantly upgrading and improving the game in a bid to grant it the sort of longevity that was sadly absent in the gaming industry. The strategy proved to be remarkably successful.
LoL remains one of the most popular games in the world and it is the number one esport in terms of viewing figures. Millions of people around the world watch tournaments on Twitch and YouTube, fans wager on matches at popular sites such as Unikrn, major brands are spending vast sums on sponsoring the scene and star players like Faker have become rich and famous beyond their wildest dreams.
It also earns Riot more than $1 billion per year via microtransactions. Fans love the thrilling nature of battling it out on Summoner’s Rift, and the game continues to be updated to take advantage of technological developments, allowing it to retain a large and passionate community.
Games like Dota 2, CS:GO, PUBG and all the other big esports now follow a free-to-play model and seek to enjoy the sort of longevity that LoL has gained, allowing a growing competitive gaming scene to thrive across the world.
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The history of gaming
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Mineralogical Association of Canada
Association Minéralogique du Canada
Topics in Mineral Sciences
The Canadian Mineralogist Thematic Issues
The Canadian Mineralogist
Submit & Author Information
Copyright and Conditions of Use
Depository of Unpublished Data
Early Contributions to Canadian Mineralogy
MAC Scholarships
Student Travel/Research Grant
Berry Medal
Hawley Medal
Peacock Medal
Pinch Medal
Undergraduate Student Award
GAC-MAC Annual Meeting
Mineralogical Resources
Mineral Clubs in Canada
Dr. Susan L. S. Stipp
Susan was born and raised in Niagara Falls (Canada). She received an Honours BSc (Earth sciences) in 1975 from the University of Waterloo (Canada). During her studies, she worked for the Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Inco Metals, and Cominco. After graduation, she joined Inco (Thompson, Manitoba). She returned to the University of Waterloo with her young children in 1980 and completed an MSc in hydrogeology and geochemistry, with part-time work in groundwater consulting. In 1983, on scholarships from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada) and from Stanford University (California, USA), she moved to Stanford University for a PhD in civil engineering and chemistry. Following her PhD defense in 1989, she worked as a Maître Assistante in the Chemistry Department, University of Geneva (Switzerland) for 4 years and then for 2 years in the Physics Department at the École Polytechnique Fédérale (Lausanne, France). In 1995, she accepted a lektorship (associate professor) in the Geology Department at the University of Copenhagen (Demark) and, in 2006, she was appointed professor at the Nano-Science Center, where she built a group of 45 physicists, chemists, geologists, mineralogists, engineers and mathematicians, all on research funding. The facilities and expertise of the group were directed toward studying the fluid interface between mineral surfaces in soil, sediments, and rocks. Her projects, with strong support from industry, have always been fundamental research with very direct applications. For example, using nano-techniques to understand nature’s secrets and then applying that new understanding to solve society’s challenges: ensuring clean water, safe storage of waste, removing organic material (oil, pesticides) from mineral surfaces, CO2 sequestration, and discovering the mysteries of biomineralization. She recently moved to the Physics Department at the Technical University (Denmark), where she continues to use high-tech instruments to explore mineral-surface processes. When she is not working, she enjoys backpacking and skiing, her garden, reading, and spending time with her husband, children, and grandchildren.
After working for several years as an exploration geologist and hydrogeologist, Susan began a foray into what would become a long-term passion: understanding the science of mineral-surface chemistry. She has sought to employ novel techniques (XPS, AFM) to investigate atomic-scale processes occurring at mineral surfaces and, by better understanding these, to develop insights into how these processes impact on mineral transformations and the reactivity of minerals.
Susan has followed a remarkable career, built on her combined experiences, curiosity, and scientific rigor, that has culminated in her both creating and running the Centre for Interface Geochemistry (Switzerland) and the NanoGeoScience Center (Denmark). Throughout her illuminating and most-impressive career, she has not forgotten where she has come from and continues to lead and inspire the next generation.
Copyright © 2021 Mineralogical Association of Canada – Powered by Customify.
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Mel Frank Tool & Supply, Inc. v. Di-Chem Co. case brief
Mel Frank Tool & Supply, Inc. v. Di-Chem Co. case brief summary
580 N.W.2d 802 (1998)
Appellee lessor commenced an action against appellant lessee, which alleged breach of the lease and damages to the premises. The Iowa District Court for Pottawattamie County entered a judgment in favor of the lessor. The lessee appealed that judgment. It also appealed a finding that a real estate agent had prepared the lease on its behalf.
The lessee, a chemical distributor, leased premises from the lessor. Those premises were vacated after the city enacted an ordinance, which prohibited the storage of hazardous materials.
On appeal, the court held that the ordinance did not excuse the lessee's breach.
When a party's principal purpose in making the contract was substantially frustrated by the occurrence of an event that was beyond the control or expectation of the parties, its duty to render performance was discharged.
However, the frustrating event had to nullify a basic assumption upon which the contract was made and had to be so severe that it could not be regarded as within the risks assumed under the contract.
Thus, so long as there was a serviceable use for the property, a party's performance was expected even though the remaining uses were less lucrative.
Because the lessee failed to establish that its entire inventory consisted of hazardous materials, it could not establish frustration of purpose.
The court also found that a clause in the parties' lease did not allow the lessee to terminate its obligations and that the trial court's finding about the real estate agent was harmless error.
The court affirmed the trial court's judgment in favor of the lessor.
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Strength for Tomorrow: a new trauma informed service for Aberdeen
One of the great things about the third sector is its ability to collaborate with partners to develop meaningful services through knowledge, expertise and compassion. In Aberdeen, Penumbra colleagues recently teamed up with Cyrenians to offer innovative support to survivors of childhood abuse.
‘Strength for Tomorrow’ is a new service which will support adults who have experienced childhood abuse which continues to affect their lives today. The project, which is funded by Inspiring Scotland, will help those with multiple issues that result from the historic abuse such as alcohol and drugs misuse or mental health challenges. Due to the complex nature of these cases, many survivors have struggled to get the support they need within the conventional support system.
We caught up with the manager of this new service, Ellen McCready:
We’re delighted to soon be launching Strength for Tomorrow – a specialist and highly needed service in the North-east. Strength for Tomorrow will be service-user led and inclusive – there are no limits or milestones as to what people can achieve, and our team’s job is to make sure we are supporting people to take positive steps in their lives, in any direction they choose.
Being abused as a child can lead to difficulties forming and maintaining positive relationships, the use of unhealthy and chaotic coping mechanisms, such as alcohol and drug use, and difficulties managing emotions – sometimes people can find it difficult to find and access the right kind of support, and speak up and ask for help.’
The new service environment will be psychologically informed, keeping the care and wellbeing of survivors paramount. Support offered to service users will be guided by a trauma informed psychologist and a one-to-one care practitioner.
And Lynda Reid-Fowler at Aberdeen Cyrenians told us:
Ensuring people who come to use the service feel safe and supported is our top priority, and we’ve invested considerable care and attention into making sure the Strength for Tomorrow environment and care system works for those who are chaotic and increasingly vulnerable. Everyone deserves the chance to have a happy and fulfilling life – for those who have had that taken away from them as a child, the impact is long-lasting and devastating. We are immensely grateful to Inspiring Scotland and Penumbra for their support allowing us to build this vital care service – by working in partnership, we will be able to ensure the best support for the people who turn to us in dire need.
Our colleagues in the Penumbra Aberdeen service will be leading on the mental health support offered as part of the service and Spotlight had the chance to catch up with the delightful Kenny Thom, Assistant Area Manager for the charity’s north region:
We’re delighted to be working with Aberdeen Cyrenians, bringing together expertise to offer care and support for vulnerable people affected by abuse. It’s widely recognised that traumatic events can have a significant and lasting impact on mental health and wellbeing.
Ensuring that people have access to trauma informed, recovery focused services is hugely important to us and we welcome the opportunity to work with Inspiring Scotland and Aberdeen Cyrenians to offer tailored mental health and wellbeing support as part of Strength for Tomorrow.
Referrals to Strength for Tomorrow can be made in person, or, can be made by other agencies on behalf of someone, provided their consent has been obtained. Further information and the referral form can be accessed at HERE
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Bernard De Montfaucon
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Dom Bernard de Montfaucon, O.S.B.
21 December 1741 (1741-12-22) (aged 86)
Dom Bernard de Montfaucon, O.S.B. (French: [d? mfok]; 13 January 1655 - 21 December 1741) was a French Benedictine monk of the Congregation of Saint Maur. He was an astute scholar who founded the discipline of palaeography, as well as being an editor of works of the Fathers of the Church. He is regarded as one of the founders of the modern discipline of archaeology.
The Emblematic Hand of the Mysteries (in Antiquitas explanatione et schematibus illustrata)
Example of Montfaucon's facsimile from Codex Colbertinus 700 (designated by l 1 on the list Gregory-Aland), with text of Matthew 18:10
Montfaucon was born on 13 January 1655 in the Castle of Soulatgé, a small village in the southern town of Corbières, then in the ancient Province of Languedoc, now in the modern Department of Aude.[1][2] Other sources claimed his birth date is in 16 January,[3] the most accepted date.[4] After one year he was moved to the Castle of Roquetaillade, residence of his family. When he was seven, he was sent to Limoux, to the college run by the Fathers of Christian Doctrine.
Montfaucon served in the French army as a volunteer and participated in the Franco-Dutch War of 1673. He was a captain of grenadiers and made two campaigns under the command of Marshall Turenne, participated in the Battle of Herbsthausen and fell ill in Saverne in Alsace. Because of his infectious illness he made a vow to Our Lady of Marceille to give one hundred livres to her sanctuary in Limoux and to become a monk, if he was able to return to his country as a result of her intervention.
After the death of Montfaucon's father at the Château de Roquetaillade, in 1675 he entered the novitiate of the Benedictine monastery of Bream in Toulouse. There he learned several ancient languages: Greek, Hebrew, Chaldean, Syriac, and Coptic.
In 1687 Montfaucon was called to the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés and he started to work on an edition of the works of the Greek Church Fathers.
In 1705 Montfaucon examined and described the manuscripts of the Fonds Coislin, in Bibliotheca Coisliniana (Paris, 1705). In 1708 in Palaeographia Graeca Montfaucon became the first to use the term "palaeography".[5] The work illustrates the entire history of Greek writing. It contains Montfaucon's discussions of variations in Greek letter forms, the use of abbreviations in Greek manuscripts, and the process of deciphering archaic writing. It was Montfaucon's special interest. In this work he often cited Greek manuscripts in texts of Athanasius of Alexandria, Origen, and John Chrysostom.[6] The book dealt so comprehensively with the handwriting and other characteristics of Greek manuscripts that it remained the leading authority on the subject for almost two centuries.[7]
In 1714 Montfaucon published the fragments of Hexapla of Origen.[8]
Montfaucon published 15 volumes of L'antiquité expliquée et représentée en figures between 1719 and 1724. An English translation of this work was published in 1721-25 under the title Antiquity Explained and Represented in Diagrams. The work contained copperplate folio engravings of classical antiquities. It included a depiction of the "Barberini Vase", more commonly known as the "Portland Vase". This book is published in English under the title Antiquities.[9] The materials used in this work were taken from the manuscripts deposited in French libraries. It contains many illustrative facsimiles, though they are engraved in a rather coarse way.
In 1719, Montfaucon was named by Philippe II, Duke of Orléans to the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. In 1719 after the death of the Jesuit priest, Michel Le Tellier (1643-1719), confessor to the late King Louis XIV, Bernard de Montfaucon then became confessor to the young King Louis XV.
Montfaucon died on 21 December 1741 at the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés, where he was buried.
In a letter of 24 June 1786, Josiah Wedgwood explains that he had seen Montfaucon's engravings of the Portland Vase.
Montfaucon was the original editor of the homilies Adversus Judaeos by saint John Chrysostom along with many other works of the Fathers of the Church.
Montfaucon laid the foundation for the study of Greek manuscripts. Scrivener stated that his work still maintains a high authority, even "after more recent discoveries", especially of papyri in Egypt.[10] Present scholars agree that he created a new discipline, palaeography, and presented it in a perfected way.[11][12]
Montfaucon is largely responsible for bringing the Bayeux Tapestry to the attention of the public. In 1724, the scholar Antoine Lancelot discovered drawings of a section of the tapestry (about 30 feet of the Tapestry's 231 feet) among papers of Nicolas-Joseph Foucault, a Norman administrator. (These drawings of the tapestry's images "classicized" the otherwise cruder Anglo-Norman style by adding shadows and dimensionality to the figures.) Lancelot, unsure of what medium these drawings depicted, suggested that they might be a tomb relief, stained glass, a fresco, or even a tapestry.[13] When Lancelot presented Foucault's drawings in 1724 to the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres in Paris, they attracted the attention of Montfaucon, who subsequently tracked down the textile in the drawings with help from his Benedictine colleagues in Normandy.[14] This is often regarded as the modern "discovery" of the Bayeux Tapestry, which had gone on quiet display annually in the Bayeux Cathedral for possibly centuries. Montfaucon published the Foucault drawings in the first volume his Les Monumens de la Monarchie Francoise [sic]. In anticipation of volume 2 of Les Monumens, Montfaucon employed the artist Antoine Benoit and sent him to Bayeux to copy the Tapestry in its entirety and in a manner faithful to its style, unlike Foucault's "touched up" renditions which were more suitable to 18th-century French tastes. Emory University art history professor Elizabeth Carson Pastan criticizes Montfaucon for his "Norman Triumphalist" point of view in dealing with the story of the Tapestry, despite the fact that he asserted that one should trust "the best historians of Normandy." She does state, however, that modern scholars are indebted to him for his process of examining many accounts of the Norman Conquest in interpreting the Tapestry, and his highlighting of the Tapestry's ambiguity and enigma [15] (such as why Harold Godwinson went to Normandy in 1064 or the identity of the elusive Aelfgyva).
Analecta graeca, sive varia opuscula graeca inedita (Paris, 1688)
S. Athanasii opera omnia (Paris, 1698)
Diarium italicum (Paris, 1702)
Bibliotheca Coisliniana (Paris, 1705)
Collectio nova patrum graecorum (2 vols., 1706)
Palaeographia Graeca, sive, De ortu et progressu literarum graecarum (Paris, 1708)
Bibliotheca Coisliniana olim Segueriana, Paris: Ludovicus Guerin & Carolus Robustel, (Paris, 1715)
L'antiquité expliquée et representée en figures/Antiquitas explanatione et schematibus illustrata (Bilingual edition, vols. 1-15, Paris, 1719-1724)
Les monuments de la monarchie française (for Henrik IV, vols. 1-5, Paris, 1729-1733)
Sancti patris nostri Ioannis Chrisostomi opera omnia (Paris, 1718--1738)
Bibliotheca bibliothecarum manuscriptorum nova (vols. 1-2, Paris, 1739)
Lectionary 295 - manuscript presented by Anselmo Banduri to Montfaucon
^ "MONTFAUCON, Bernard". Enciclopedia Italiana (in Italian). 1934. Retrieved 2018.
^ "Montfaucon, Bernard de". Encyclopædia Britannica. 18. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 1911. Retrieved 2018.
^ "Dom Bernard de Montfaucon". quaspier.free.fr (in French). Retrieved 2018.
^ Gasnault, Pierre (2010). "Un précurseur des Antiquaires : dom Bernard de Montfaucon". Bulletin de la Société Nationale des Antiquaires de France (in French). 1 (1): 113-116. doi:10.3406/bsnaf.2010.10807. Retrieved 2018 – via persee.fr.
^ Bernard de Montfaucon et al., Palaeographia Graeca, sive, De ortu et progressu literarum graecarum, Paris, Ludovicum Guerin (1708); André Vauchez, Richard Barrie Dobson, Adrian Walford, Michael Lapidge, Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages (Routledge, 2000), Volume 2, p. 1070
^ Books on Palaeography from the Arnold Semeiology Collection Archived 2010-05-30 at the Wayback Machine
^ Bernhard Bischoff, Latin palaeography: antiquity and the Middle Ages (Cambridge University Press, 1990), p. 1.
^ "Bernard de Montfaucon", in Marie-Nicolas Bouillet and Alexis Chassang (eds.), Dictionnaire universel d'histoire et de géographie, 1878.
^ Georgios Fatouros (1993). "Montfaucon, Bernard de". In Bautz, Traugott (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). 6. Herzberg: Bautz. cols. 92-94. ISBN 3-88309-044-1.
^ Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose; Edward Miller (1894). A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, vol. 1 (4 ed.). London: George Bell & Sons. p. 21.
^ W. Wattenbach, Anleitung zur griechischen Palaeographie (Leipzig 1895), p. 4.
^ Bruce M. Metzger, Manuscripts of the Greek Bible: An Introduction to Greek Palaeography (Oxford University Press, 1991), p. 1.
^ Lancelot. Explication d'un Monument de Guillaume le Conquerant
^ Elizabeth Carson Pastan. "Montfaucon as Reader of the Bayeux Tapestry" in Janet T. Marquardt and Alyce A. Jordan (eds.) Medieval Art and Architecture after the Middle Ages (2009) p. 89
^ Elizabeth Carson Pastan. "Montfaucon as Reader of the Bayeux Tapestry" in Janet T. Marquardt and Alyce A. Jordan (eds.) Medieval Art and Architecture after the Middle Ages (2009) pp. 102-103
Works by or about Bernard de Montfaucon at Internet Archive
"Montfaucon, Bernard de" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 18 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 780.
"Bernard de Montfaucon". Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). cols. 92-94.
arachne.uni-koeln.de/ Montfaucon's "Antiquite", complete & commented, as high-resolution scans
Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Bernard de Montfaucon" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
Les Monumens De La Monarchie Françoise at the University of Heidelberg website
L' antiquité expliquée et représentée en figures at the University of Heidelberg website
[PDF Download] The Legacy of Bernard de Montfaucon: Three Hundred Years of Study on Greek Handwriting
[PDF] The Legacy of Bernard de Montfaucon: Three Hundred Years of Study on Greek Handwriting
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Between Islands Project relaunches
Tweets by @scotruralnet
Hannah Downey
Friday 31 July 2020 - 11:58
In line with many other initiatives, the Between Islands Project found itself in a position where this summer’s planned programme of activities had to be cancelled due to the covid virus and ensuing lockdown situation. Originated by An Lanntair in Stornoway, and funded through the LEADER 2014-2020 regional cooperation scheme, the project had been working with a range of arts and heritage organisations from throughout the Western and Northern Isles in the creation of a collaborative series of events. Musical performances were planned for both Shetland Folk Festival and Heb Celt in Lewis, with workshops, lectures and museum exhibition launches planned throughout the summer and on each island group.
However, now, and with an extended completion date of December granted by LEADER, the project has been revived, and still promises to deliver on these original initiatives mostly through utilising online resources.
Project coordinator Alex Macdonald explains: “As the project involved a series of live events initially we were at a loss as to how it could be saved. Also, a lot of the work was already underway so it was extremely disappointing to think it would never be seen. In particular the folk festival live events and exhibitions in Lerwick, Kirkwall and Stornoway appeared unlikely within the original funding timeframe, so I am delighted we have been able to regroup and collectively find some workable solutions.”
Lectures in conjunction with UHI will now be placed online, as will workshops and the exhibitions themselves, which are to be created as virtual presentations. Likewise short films due to be screened as part of the museum displays will be released weekly as an online series, and the live musical events will be replaced with a CD recording of new work by the original line-up of participating artists.
Alex continued, “Ultimately placing these activities online can present its own challenges but a positive outcome will be that there is both a tangible legacy to the project and of course that these resources can potentially be accessed by a much wider audience. To that end there will be a website and utube channel launched shortly to work in conjunction with our existing information channels, and I am very grateful to our funders and participants for their determination in ensuring the project could continue.”
Professor Frank Rennie of Lews Castle UHI commented, "In a strange way, the constraints of lockdown have encouraged us to think innovatively about education and public engagement, so it is with pleasure that we are pursuing this initiative in the online environment. Hopefully, it will allow a great many more people to view the lectures than a face-to-face audience would allow, and in due course, we can follow-up the talks with Q&A sessions and other events."
Matt Bruce, Vice-Chair of the Outer Hebrides LEADER Local Action Group added ‘A number of enterprises had to fundamentally rethink how they would deliver their projects following the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions and the LAG are delighted with how Between Islands has incorporated innovative methods to achieve their goals and reach existing and new audiences and allow them to be immersed in the culture and heritage of the Outer Hebrides, Orkney and Shetland.’
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Hendricks news release about coming marriage
In May of 1988, David Hendricks, Menard Prison inmate N-50478, distributed a news release to announce he was about to marry. Here’s the release:
NEWS RELEASE May 1, 1988 From: David Hendricks, Menard
My natural inclination is to keep this news private. I present it, however, with a two-fold purpose: 1) Out of respect for, and as a courtesy to, Central-Illinois reporters. 2) Because it is news which is likely to be discovered and reported anyway; so I want to present the facts accurately to avoid mistakes.
I am getting married later this month of May, 1988. My fiancee is Patricia Miller, a 37 year old woman from out-of-state. She is a medical transcriptionist by profession and a devoted Christian. Although we met through the mail, Pat has visited me quite often. The lady who introduced us (the mother of a fellow prison inmate) attends the same church as Pat.
Pat and I fell in love fairly early in our relationship but have resisted the desire to marry, hoping to wait until I was released from prison. Waiting for “justice” can be exasperating, however, and since we both feel our lives will be enriched by marriage, we have decided to wait no longer. We are deeply in love and committed to each other, come what may.
The ceremony will be held at the Menard Prison in a small room. The six guests will include Pat’s children, my parents, and my late wife Susan’s mother and sister. Prison rules allow the wedding party to visit in the visiting room for the day.
Pat and her two children plan to move to Illinois to be near me. Rather than seeking new employment, she intends to organize an informational campaign about my case. The facts are on our side. We, therefore, want to publicize those facts to try to correct the injustice done to me.
I am very happy. Pat is a wonderful woman, one who shares my Christian faith. After all that I’ve experienced during the last four and a half years, having someone love me and believe in me as Pat does has brightened my life and given me renewed hope. I love her two children: Ryan is seven; Rachel is two. Both are very lovable and have won my heart completely.
We do not want news coverage of the ceremony or, in fact, any coverage more than simple factual reporting of the marriage, which may be of interest to the news-gathering public. I have shown you the courtesy of this press release; please reciprocate by respecting our wishes for relative privacy. Thank you.
As it turned out, Hendricks’s announcement was premature. The prison warden denied permission for the marriage to take place, saying it could only frustrate Hendricks because there was no prospect he would ever be freed. In the meantime, Pat Miller moved from Toledo, Ohio, with her two children to a remote farmhouse near the prison. In October Hendricks resubmitted his request to marry and the warden gave his approval. The marriage was set for Dec. 20. A few weeks later the Illinois Supreme Court announced it would issue its decision in the Hendricks case on Dec. 21. The marriage occurred as scheduled.
Filed Under: Reasonable Doubt, Steve Vogel's Clippings
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Guardians of the Galaxy Blew My Mind
Published by B. McKenzie at 7:49 pm under Movie Review
My expectations were modest — e.g. “What if they made a watchable version of Green Lantern?” The movie is better than I think anyone could have reasonably anticipated. It’s more like an exceptionally funny version of Star Wars. 5 stars.
PS: I’d suggest against bringing most kids younger than 13. The violence level is more like a Vin Diesel movie than a talking raccoon movie. (You did notice that the talking raccoon has a machine gun, right?)
7 Responses to “Guardians of the Galaxy Blew My Mind”
# Byakuya21 on 02 Aug 2014 at 9:09 pm
I wholeheartedly agree. This movie very much evoked Star Wars, especially Rocket Raccoon. In my view, the dialogue was really sharp in this film. It both developed the characters, along with added some really hilarious bits.
I will admit the villain was bland. His motivation wasn’t well defined and he was typical. But the movie’s strong characterization of each of the main characters really helped carry the film. That said, this is probably my favorite Marvel movie of this year.
“This movie very much evoked Star Wars, especially Rocket Raccoon.” In addition, the actor that played Peter Quill compared his character to a mix of Han Solo and Marty McFly.
I believe the villain (Rohan) had an uncommonly entertaining response to Peter Quill busting a move as the planet was about to explode. Also, Rohan was vastly more effective throughout the movie than Parallax was throughout Green Lantern. (E.g. Parallax was completely unthreatening because the planet was Earth and obviously Earth is covered in plot armor made up of potential sequels, but I thought Rohan was a lot more dangerous because he wanted to destroy a planet that could have easily been destroyed, a la Alderaan in Star Wars).
“That said, this is probably my favorite Marvel movie of this year.” I’d agree. Overall, it’s my favorite movie of the year except for perhaps Grand Budapest Hotel, A Most Wanted Man, and The Missing Picture. I believe it’s distinctly better than Winter Soldier, Days of Future Past, or Amazing Spider-Man 2.
# Byakuya21 on 03 Aug 2014 at 9:12 am
@ B.Mac
I actually liked Captain America Winter Soldier, and I acknowledge your criticisms to the movie(I have seen your post on the film). In terms of Rohan, I do agree he is much better than Pharalax. But to be fair, Green Lantern is the bottom of the barrel when it comes to superhero movies.
The one thing I also noticed when thinking about the film was how superb the dialogue and humor added to characterization and development. For example (SPOILERS), the scene with Rocket fighting the group and hating how people looked down on him(due to genetic experiments) very much fleshed out its character.
It showcased that despite his snarky, lighthearted demeanor, he was trying to define his existence, and not have those experiments be the one aspect that defined him.
Additionally, I also enjoyed Gamora’s character. She definitely one of the best females we have seen in a Marvel movie. Very much like Mystique in First Class, she had her own motivations and well defined traits(SPOILERS), her willingness to stop Thanos and atone for the crimes she’s committed.
She wasn’t there as a love interest or just a sex symbol(cough, Emma Frost). She actually contributed to the plot and developed overall. In my view, this movie is the perfect movie when an author is trying to humanize characters that aren’t human.
# Emily M. on 15 Aug 2014 at 10:39 pm
“I’d suggest against bringing most kids younger than 13. The violence level is more like a Vin Diesel movie than a talking raccoon movie. (You did notice that the talking raccoon has a machine gun, right?)” There’s also the “blacklight/Jackson Pollock painting” gag. Cue the adults laughing awkwardly and the kids looking genuinely confused. I thought that the pure awkwardness of the audience’s reactions around me made the joke ten times funnier.
# Manuel Alanis on 03 Oct 2014 at 7:03 pm
To each their own I guess; I thought it was a decent film. See, to me, there’s more than just visuals, action and comedy to a movie, and oddly (also disappointingly) enough, Marvel Studios proved that they knew this earlier this year with Captain America: The Winter Soldier, which had action and comedy, but also understood the importance of characters, storytelling, themes, etc.
Guardians had a cookie cutter story and villain, as well as no themes and the characters that could’ve been compelling (Drax) were turned into goofballs, and, like most MCU films, everybody was telling jokes all the time. There could’ve been a fascinating parallel between Drax and Ronan both wanting revenge, but no, we have to sit through more comedy… There could’ve been an intriguing exploration of Star-Lord’s loneliness and wonder about his own life and everything that’s out there, but no, we have to sit through more goofy dancing…
Overall, I’d say it’s Thor: The Dark World all over again; fun film with good CGI, fun action sequences, some but quite a bit forced at some points comedy, and it was entertaining, I will not deny that, I just wish Marvel Studios would’ve taken this chance to actually tell a compelling, unpredictable story instead of what we got.
For the record, no, I don’t hate Marvel Studios; Captain America: The Winter Soldier is probably on my Top 5 Comic Book Films of all time, and the first Iron Man film is on the Top 10 as well, I just need more of those.
# Innocent Bystander on 20 Oct 2014 at 1:09 pm
Agreed; this movie is definitely my favorite of the year so far. At least until I see Book of Life.
BTW, have you ever considered looking at the DC animated films? I feel that, since the majority of them are done really well, they could offer tips on writing. (Sorry if this came out of nowhere; you mentioned Green Lantern, and I remember watching GL: First Flight and thinking “Why didn’t they do this in the other movie? This would’ve worked so much better.” the whole way through.)
# B. McKenzie on 20 Oct 2014 at 7:24 pm
“BTW, have you ever considered looking at the DC animated films?” Of the ones I’ve seen, Mask of the Phantasm strikes me as really sharp. I’ll look into First Flight. UPDATE: First Flight was a pleasant surprise in some ways (e.g. the introduction to the villain was more interesting than usual, though the transition from hardass teammate to obvious psycho is probably rushed), but I felt that the not-terribly-distinctive protagonist was something of a liability. GL didn’t get many opportunities to do things that most other protagonists would not have, which is not ideal in terms of developing a unique personality. (E.g. I’d recommend checking out Guardians of the Galaxy — Peter Quill gets a lot more to work with there, like breaking into a prison to retrieve a Walkman and using Kevin Bacon movies to hit on assassins, and trolling a gang leader with a Troll doll).
That said, First Flight was far superior to the live action Green Lantern movie in every way I can think of.
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Readings at Mass
Liturgical Colour: Green.
Hebrews 7:1-3,15-17 ©
You are a priest of the order of Melchizedek, for ever
You remember that Melchizedek, king of Salem, a priest of God Most High, went to meet Abraham who was on his way back after defeating the kings, and blessed him; and also that it was to him that Abraham gave a tenth of all that he had. By the interpretation of his name, he is, first, ‘king of righteousness’ and also king of Salem, that is, ‘king of peace’; he has no father, mother or ancestry, and his life has no beginning or ending; he is like the Son of God. He remains a priest for ever.
This becomes even more clearly evident when there appears a second Melchizedek, who is a priest not by virtue of a law about physical descent, but by the power of an indestructible life. For it was about him that the prophecy was made: You are a priest of the order of Melchizedek, and for ever.
Psalm 109(110):1-4
Gospel Acclamation
Heb4:12
Alleluia, alleluia!
The word of God is something alive and active:
it can judge secret emotions and thoughts.
cf.Mt4:23
Jesus proclaimed the Good News of the kingdom
and cured all kinds of sickness among the people.
Mark 3:1-6 ©
Is it against the law on the sabbath day to save life?
Jesus went into a synagogue, and there was a man there who had a withered hand. And they were watching him to see if he would cure him on the sabbath day, hoping for something to use against him. He said to the man with the withered hand, ‘Stand up out in the middle!’ Then he said to them, ‘Is it against the law on the sabbath day to do good, or to do evil; to save life, or to kill?’ But they said nothing. Then, grieved to find them so obstinate, he looked angrily round at them, and said to the man, ‘Stretch out your hand.’ He stretched it out and his hand was better. The Pharisees went out and at once began to plot with the Herodians against him, discussing how to destroy him.
The responsorial psalms at Mass cannot be displayed on the Web, for copyright reasons. The Universalis apps and programs do contain these psalms.
The readings on this page are from the Jerusalem Bible, which is used at Mass in most of the English-speaking world. The New American Bible readings, which are used at Mass in the United States, are available in the Universalis apps, programs and downloads.
You can also view this page with the Gospel in Greek and English.
England - Arundel & Brighton
Copyright © 1996-2020 Universalis Publishing Limited: see www.universalis.com. Scripture readings from the Jerusalem Bible are published and copyright © 1966, 1967 and 1968 by Darton, Longman & Todd, Ltd and Doubleday, a division of Random House, Inc, and used by permission of the publishers.
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Glossary of womens health - WikiMD
Glossary of womens health
From WikiMD
.A | .B | .C | .D | .E | .F | .G | .H | .I | .J | .K | .L | .M
.N | .O | .P | .Q | .R | .S | .T | .U | .V | .W | .X | .Y | .Z
acupuncture a form of complementary and alternative medicine that involves inserting thin needles through the skin at specific points on the body to control pain and other symptoms.
allergen a foreign substance to the body's
immune system that may cause an allergic reaction.
Alzheimer's disease a brain disease that cripples the brain's nerve cells over time and destroys memory and learning. It usually starts in late middle age or old age and gets worse over time. Symptoms include loss of memory, confusion, problems in thinking, and changes in language, behavior, and personality.
amniotic fluid clear, slightly yellowish liquid that surrounds the unborn baby (fetus) during pregnancy. It is contained in the amniotic sac.
anesthesia the use of medicine to prevent the feeling of pain or another sensation during surgery or other procedures that might be painful.
aneurysm a thin or weak spot in an artery that balloons out and can burst.
angina a recurring pain or discomfort in the chest that happens when some part of the heart does not receive enough blood. It is a common symptom of coronary heart disease, which occurs when vessels that carry blood to the heart become narrowed and blocked due to atherosclerosis. Angina feels like a pressing or squeezing pain, usually in the chest under the breast bone, but sometimes in the shoulders, arms, neck, jaws, or back. Angina is usually is brought on by exertion, and relieved within a few minutes by resting or by taking prescribed angina medicine.
antibiotics drugs used to fight many infections caused by bacteria. Some antibiotics are effective against only certain types of bacteria; others can effectively fight a wide range of bacteria. Antibiotics do not work against viral infections.antibodies blood
proteins made by certain white blood cells called B cells in response to germs or other foreign substances that enter the body. Antibodies help the body fight illness and disease by attaching to germs and marking them for destruction.
antidepressants a name for a category of medications used to treat depression.
antihistamines drugs that are used to prevent or relieve the symptoms of hay fever and other allergies by preventing the action of a substance called histamine, which is produced by the body. Histamine can cause itching, sneezing, runny nose, watery eyes, and sometimes can make breathing difficult. Some of these drugs are also used to prevent motion sickness, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness. Since they may cause drowsiness as a side effect, some of them may be used to help people go to sleep.
antimetabolites anticancer drugs that can stop or slow down biochemical reactions in cells.
anus the body opening from which stool passes from the lower end of the intestine and out of the body.
anxiety disorder serious medical illness that fills people's lives with anxiety and fear. Some anxiety disorders include panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, social phobia (or social anxiety disorder), specific phobias, and generalized anxiety disorder.
arteries blood vessels that carry oxygen and blood to the heart, brain and other parts of the body.
artherosclerosis disease when fatty deposits clog the walls of the arteries.
arthritis swelling, redness, warmth, and pain of the joints, the places where two bones meet, such as the elbow or knee. There are more than 100 types of arthritis. The two most common types of arthritis are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
assisted reproductive technology technology that involves procedures that handle a woman's eggs and a man's sperm to help infertile couples conceive a child.
asthma a chronic disease of the lungs. Symptoms include cough, wheezing, a tight feeling in the chest, and trouble breathing.
atherosclerosis a disease in which fatty material is deposited on the wall of the arteries. This fatty material causes the arteries to become narrow and it eventually restricts blood flow.
autoantibodies blood proteins made by the body's immune system that are meant to neutralize and destroy germs or other foreign substances but instead attack healthy cells of the body.
autoimmune disease disease caused by an immune response against foreign substances in the tissues of one's own body.
bacteria microorganisms that can cause infections.
bacterial vaginosis (BV) the most common vaginal infection in women of childbearing age, which happens when the normal bacteria (germs) in the vagina get out of balance, such as from douching or from sexual contact. Symptoms include vaginal discharge that can be white, gray, or thin and have an odor; burning or pain when urinating; or itching around the outside of the vagina. There also may be no symptoms.
benign noncancerous
bladder the organ in the human body that stores urine. It is found in the lower part of the abdomen.
blood glucose level also called blood sugar level, it is the amount of glucose, or sugar, in the blood. Too much glucose in the blood for a long time can cause diabetes and damage many parts of the body, such as the heart, blood vessels, eyes, and kidneys.
blood transfusion the transfer of blood or blood products from one person (donor) into another person's bloodstream (recipient). Most times, it is done to replace blood cells or blood products lost through severe bleeding. Blood can be given from two sources, your own blood (autologous blood) or from someone else (donor blood).
body mass index a measure of body fat based on a person's height and weight.
bronchitis inflammation of the main air passages (bronchi) to your lungs. It causes cough, shortness of breath, and chest tightness.
calorie a unit of energy-producing potential in food.
cancer a term for diseases in which abnormal cells in the body divide without control. Cancer cells can invade nearby tissues and can spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymphatic system, which is a network of tissues that clears infections and keeps body fluids in balance.
celiac disease a digestive disease that damages the small intestine and interferes with absorption of nutrients from food. When people with celiac disease eat foods containing gluten, their immune system responds by damaging the small intestine.
cervix the lower, narrow part of the uterus (womb). The cervix forms a canal that opens into the vagina, which leads to the outside of the body.
cesarean section or C-section procedure where the baby is delivered through an abdominal incision. Also called cesarean delivery or cesarean birth.
chemotherapy treatment with anticancer drugs.
chicken pox a disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which results in a blister-like rash, itching, tiredness, and fever.
chiropractic an alternative medical system that takes a different approach from standard medicine in treating health problems. The goal of chiropractic therapy is to normalize this relationship between your body's structure (mainly the spine) and its function. Chiropractic professionals use a type of hands-on therapy called spinal manipulation or adjustment.
chlamydia a common sexually transmitted disease (STD). Most people have no symptoms, but chlamydia can cause serious damage a women's reproductive organs. When a woman does have symptoms, they may include thin vaginal discharge and other symptoms similar to gonorrhea like burning when urinating. Long-term irritation may cause lower abdominal pain, inflammation of the pelvic organs, and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
cholesterol a fatty substance present in all parts of the body. It is a component of cell membranes and is used to make vitamin D and some hormones. Some cholesterol in the body is produced by the liver and some is derived from food, particularly animal products. A high level of cholesterol in the blood can help cause atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. In the blood, cholesterol is bound to chemicals called lipoproteins. Cholesterol attached to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) harms health and is often called bad cholesterol. Cholesterol attached to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is good for health and is often called good cholesterol.
chronic long-lasting, such as a chronic illness or chronic disease.
cirrhosis the result of chronic liver disease, where the liver is scarred and no longer functions properly. This causes many complications, including build up of fluid in the abdomen, bleeding disorders, increased pressure in the blood vessels and brain function disorders.
cleft lip or palate birth defects that affect the upper lip and the hard and soft palates of the mouth. Features range from a small notch in the lip to a complete fissure or groove, extending into the roof of the month and nose. These features may occur separately or together.
colon cancer cancer in the inner lining of the colon. The colon is the part of the digestive tract that removes water from feces before the feces leaves the body through the anus. Most colon cancers start as noncancerous growths called polyps.
colorectal cancer cancer of the colon or rectum is also called colorectal cancer. See colon cancer.
colostrum thick, yellowish fluid secreted from breast during pregnancy, and the first few days after childbirth before the onset of mature breast milk. Also called first milk, it provides nutrients and protection against infectious diseases.
constipation infrequent or hard stools or difficulty passing stools.
coronary artery disease also called coronary heart disease. It is the most common type of heart disease that results from atherosclerosis — the gradual buildup of plaques in the coronary arteries, the blood vessels that bring blood to the heart. This disease develops slowly and silently, over decades. It can go virtually unnoticed until it produces a heart attack.
cystic fibrosis (CF) one of the most common serious genetic (inherited) diseases. One out of every 400 couples is at risk for having children with CF. CF causes the body to make abnormal secretions leading to mucous build-up. CF mucous build-up can impair organs such as the pancreas, the intestine and the lungs.
cystocele also called "dropped bladder," when the bladder drops into or out of the vagina. A cystocele happens when the muscles or tissues of the pelvic area are weak or damaged and can no longer support the pelvic organs.
delusion when a person believes something that is not true and that person keeps the belief even though there is strong evidence against it. Delusions can be the result of brain injury or mental illness.
dementia a group of symptoms caused by disorders that affect the brain. Symptoms may include memory loss, confusion, personality changes, and difficulty with normal activities like eating or dressing. Dementia has many causes, including Alzheimer's disease and stroke.
dental dam a square, thin piece of latex that can be placed over the anus or the vagina before oral sex.
depression term used to describe an emotional state involving sadness, lack of energy and low self-esteem.
dermatitis see atopic dermatitis.
diabetes a disease in which blood glucose (blood sugar) levels are above normal. There are two main types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is caused by a problem with the body's defense system, called the immune system. This form of diabetes usually starts in childhood or adolescence. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes. It starts most often in adulthood.
diabetic see diabetes
diaphragm birth control device made of a thin flexible disk, usually made of rubber, that is designed to cover the cervixto prevent the entry of sperm during sexual intercourse.
diarrhea passing frequent and loose stools that can be watery. Acute diarrhea goes away in a few weeks. Diarrhea becomes chronic when it lasts longer than 4 weeks.
dietary fiber coarse fibrous substances found in grains, fruits, and vegetables. Dietary fiber is generally not digested but helps move food through the digestive tract. Eating dietary fiber helps prevent many long-term illnesses, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain gastrointestinal diseases.
DNA test a lab test in which a patient's DNA is tested. DNA is a molecule that has a person's genetic information and is found in every cell in a person's body.
Down syndrome Down syndrome is the most frequent genetic cause for mild to moderate mental retardation and related medical problems. It is caused by a chromosomal abnormality. For an unknown reason, a change in cell growth results in 47 instead of the usual 46 chromosomes. This extra chromosome changes the orderly development of the body and brain.
eating disorder eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder, involve serious problems with eating. This could include an extreme decrease of food or severe overeating, as well as feelings of distress and concern about body shape or weight.
ectopic pregnancy a pregnancy that is not in the uterus. It happens when a fertilized egg settles and grows in a place other than the inner lining of the uterus. Most happen in the fallopian tube, but can happen in the ovary, cervix, or abdominal cavity.
eczema a group of conditions in which the skin becomes inflamed, forms blisters, and becomes crusty, thick, and scaly. Eczema causes burning and itching and may occur over a long period of time. Atopic dermatitis is the most common type of eczema.
electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) an external, noninvasive test that records the electrical activity of the heart.
endometrial cancer cancer that develops from the endometrium, or the inner lining of the uterus (womb).
endometriosis a condition in which tissue that normally lines the uterus grows in other areas of the body, usually inside the abdominal cavity, but acts as if it were inside the uterus. Blood shed monthly from the misplaced tissue has no place to go, and tissues surrounding the area of endometriosis may become inflamed or swollen. This can produce scar tissue. Symptoms include painful menstrual cramps that can be felt in the abdomen or lower back, or pain during or after sexual activity, irregular bleeding, and infertility.
epidural during labor a woman may be offered an epidural, where a needle is inserted into the epidural space at the end of the spine, to numb the lower body and reduce pain. This allows a woman to have more energy and strength for the end stage of labor, when it is time to push the baby out of the birth canal.
epilepsy a physical disorder that involves recurrent seizures. It is caused by sudden changes in how the brain works.
episiotomy This is a procedure where an incision is made in the perineum (area between the vagina and the anus) to make the vaginal opening larger in order to prevent the area from tearing during delivery.
esophagus tube that connects the throat with the stomach.
estrogen a group of female hormones that are responsible for the development of breasts and other secondary sex characteristics in women. Estrogen is produced by the ovaries and other body tissues. Estrogen, along with progesterone, is important in preparing a woman's body for pregnancy.
fallopian tube(s) part of the female reproductive system, one of a pair of tubes connecting the ovaries to the uterus.
fatigue a feeling of lack of energy, weariness or tiredness.
fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) a term used to describe the full range of harmful effects that can occur when a fetus is exposed to alcohol.
fever body temperature is raised above normal and is usually a sign of infection or illness.
fibromyalgia (FM) a disorder that causes aches and pain all over the body, and involves tender points on specific places on the neck, shoulders, back, hips, arms, and legs that hurt when pressure is put on them.
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) a hormone produced by the pituitary gland. In women, it helps control the menstrual cycle and the production of eggs by the ovaries.
galactosemia a condition where the body is not able to process galactose (a sugar), which makes up half of the sugar (called lactose) found in milk. When galactose levels become high, body organs and the central nervous system can be damaged. In newborns, the condition is found when first breastfeeding and can cause jaundice and other problems.
gallstone solid material that forms in the gallbladder or common bile duct. Gallstones are made of cholesterol or other substances found in the gallbladder. They may occur as one large stone or as many small ones, and they may vary from the size of a grain of sand to a golf ball.
gene the functional and physical unit of heredity made up of DNA, which has a specific function and is passed from parent to offspring
gestational diabetes diabetes that occurs during pregnancy.
gestational high blood pressure also called gestational hypertension; high blood pressure that happens only during pregnancy. Gestational high blood pressure raises your risk for health problems during pregnancy such as preeclampsia.
gland a cell, group of cells, or organ that makes chemicals and releases them for use by other parts of the body or to be excreted. The pituitary gland, for example, makes growth hormone, which stimulates cells to grow and divide. Sweat glands excrete water, salts, and waste to help cool down the body.
gonorrhea a sexually transmitted disease that often has no symptoms. However, some women have pain or burning when urinating; yellowish and sometimes bloody vaginal discharge; bleeding between menstrual periods; heavy bleeding with periods; or pain when having sex. Untreated gonorrhea can cause serious and permanent health problems like pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).
hallucination when a person who is awake senses something that is not real. Examples of hallucinations are hearing voices when no one is speaking, seeing something that doesn't exist, or smelling something that is not present.
heart disease a number of abnormal conditions affecting the heart and the blood vessels in the heart. The most common type of heart disease is coronary artery disease, which is the gradual buildup of plaques in the coronary arteries, the blood vessels that bring blood to the heart. This disease develops slowly and silently, over decades. It can go virtually unnoticed until it produces a heart attack.
hemorrhagic stroke type of stroke caused by a weakened blood vessel that bursts, causing bleeding in the brain.
hemorrhoids veins around the anus or lower rectum that are swollen and inflamed.
hepatitis B a serious disease caused by a virus that attacks the liver. The virus, which is called hepatitis B virus (HBV), can cause lifelong infection, cirrhosis (scarring) of the liver, liver cancer, liver failure, and death. You get hepatitis B by direct contact with the blood or body fluids of an infected person; for instance, you can become infected by having sex or sharing needles with an infected person. A baby can get hepatitis B from an infected mother during childbirth.
herpes simplex virus (HSV) a virus that causes blisters and sores mainly around the mouth and genitals. There are two types. Type 1 is the most common and causes sores around the mouth, or cold sores. It is transmitted by infected saliva. Type 2 causes sores mainly on the genitals and is transmitted sexually.
high blood pressure see hypertension.
HIV and AIDS human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the virus that infects and destroys the body's immune cells and causes a disease called AIDS, or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. AIDS occurs in the most advanced stage of HIV infection, when a person's T-cell count goes below 200 and he or she becomes ill with one of the health problems common in people with AIDS. HIV and AIDS infection is lifelong—there is no cure, but there are many medicines to fight both HIV infection and the infections and cancers that come with it.
hives red and sometimes itchy bumps on the skin, usually caused by an allergic reaction to a drug or a food.
hormone substance produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another to affect a function of the body, such as growth or metabolism.
human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 or type 2 (HTLV 1-2) viruses that infect T cells, a type of white blood cell, and can cause leukemia and lymphoma. HTLV 1-2 is spread by sharing syringes or needles, through blood transfusions or sexual contact, and from mother to child during birth or breastfeeding.
hypertension also called high blood pressure, it is having blood pressure greater than 140 over 90 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). Long-term high blood pressure can damage blood vessels and organs, including the heart, kidneys, eyes, and brain.
hypnosis a focused state of concentration used to reduce pain. With self-hypnosis, you repeat a positive statement over and over. With guided imagery, you create relaxing images in your mind.
hypothyroidism see underactive thyroid.
hysterectomy surgery to remove the uterus.
immune system a complex system in the body that recognizes and responds to potentially harmful substances, like infections, in order to protect the body.
incontinence the inability to control the flow of urine from the bladder, called urinary incontinence, or the escape of stool from the rectum, called fecal incontinence.
infertility a condition in which a couple has problems conceiving, or getting pregnant, after 1 year of regular sexual intercourse without using any birth control methods. If a woman keeps having miscarriages, it's also called infertility. Infertility can be caused by a problem with the man or the woman, or both.
inflammation used to describe an area on the body that is swollen, red, hot, and in pain.
inflammatory bowel disease long-lasting problems that cause irritation and ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract. The most common disorders are ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
insecticides chemicals used to control or kill insects.
insomnia not being able to sleep.
insulin one of many hormones that helps the body turn the food we eat into energy and helps store energy to be used later. People with diabetes mellitus, a condition in which the body does not make enough insulin, might need to inject themselves with insulin to help their bodies' cells work properly.
intestines also known as the bowels, or the long, tube-like organ in the human body that completes digestion or the breaking down of food. They consist of the small intestine and the large intestine.
intrauterine device a small device that is placed inside a woman's uterus by a health care provider, which prevents pregnancy by changing the environment of the uterus (or womb).
iron an important mineral involved in creating and using energy, including moving oxygen throughout the body.
ischemic stroke a blockage of blood vessels supplying blood to the brain, causing a decrease in blood supply.
jaundice a yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes, caused by too much bilirubin in the blood. While not a disease, jaundice can signal a liver or gallbladder problem. Newborns can develop jaundice, which is only temporary and goes away.
kidney stones hard mass developed from crystals that separate from the urine and build up on the inner surfaces of the kidney.
lactose intolerance a digestive disorder in which the body cannot digest or absorb lactose, a type of sugar found in milk and other dairy products.
lead a metal that can make infants and young children sick.
libido sexual drive.
listeria a harmful bacteria found in some refrigerated and ready-to-eat foods that can cause early delivery or miscarriage.
liver the largest body organ, the liver has many jobs, including changing food into energy and cleaning alcohol and poisons from the blood. The liver also makes bile, a yellowish-green liquid that helps with digestion.
low birth weight having a weight at birth that is less than 2500 grams, or 5 pounds, 8 ounces.
lupus see systemic lupus erythematosus.
luteinizing hormone a hormone that triggers ovulation and stimulates the corpus luteum (empty follicle) to make progesterone.
male circumcision the surgical removal of the skin covering the tip of the penis. In the United States and in many countries around the world, circumcision is done on newborn boys for religious, cultural, or medical reasons. Circumcision may protect against infections, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Male circumcision is different from female genital cutting (FGC), which is sometimes called female circumcision. FGC is the piercing, cutting, removing, or sewing closed all or part of a girl's or woman's external genitals for no medical reason.
meningitis infection which causes inflammation of the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord.
menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) replaces the hormones that a woman's ovaries stop making at the time of menopause, easing symptoms like hot flashes and vaginal dryness. MHT is associated with serious risks, including breast cancer, heart disease and stroke. Women who choose to use MHT should use the lowest dose that helps for the shortest time needed.
menopause the transition in a woman's life when production of the hormone estrogen in her body falls permanently to very low levels, the ovaries stop producing eggs, and menstrual periods stop for good.
menstruating the blood flow from the uterus that happens about every 4 weeks in a woman.
metabolism Metabolism refers to all of the processes in the body that make and use energy, such as digesting food and nutrients and removing waste through urine and feces.
microbicide a medicine that kills microbes such as bacteria or a virus. It is usually a gel, cream, or foam that is put on the vagina or rectum before sex to stop HIV or other sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
migraine a medical condition that usually involves a very painful headache, usually felt on one side of the head. Besides intense pain, migraine also can cause nausea and vomiting and sensitivity to light and sound. Some people also may see spots or flashing lights or have a temporary loss of vision.
miscarriage an unplanned loss of a pregnancy. Also called a spontaneous abortion.
multiple sclerosis also called MS, a disorder of the brain and spinal cord that causes decreased nerve function associated with the formation of scars on the covering of nerve cells. Symptoms range from numbness to paralysis and blindness. A person with MS slowly loses control over his or her body.
necrotizing enterocolitis necrotizing enterocolitis occurs when the lining of the intestinal wall dies and the tissue falls off.It mainly affects premature infants or sick newborns. The cause for this disorder is unknown. But it is thought that a decrease in blood flow to the bowel keeps the bowel from making mucus that protects the gastrointestinal tract. Bacteria in the intestine may also be a cause.
nipple the protruding part of the breast that extends and becomes firmer upon stimulation. In breastfeeding, milk travels from the milk sinuses through the nipple to the baby.
nutrient any food substance that provides energy or helps build tissue.
obese see obesity.
obesity having too much body fat. People with a body mass index of 30 or higher are obese.
osteoporosis a bone disease that is characterized by progressive loss of bone density and thinning of bone tissue, causing bones to break easily.
ovary (ovaries) part of a woman's reproductive system, the ovaries produce her eggs. Each month, through the process called ovulation, the ovaries release eggs into the fallopian tubes, where they travel to the uterus, or womb. If an egg is fertilized by a man's sperm, a woman becomes pregnant and the egg grows and develops inside the uterus. If the egg is not fertilize, the egg and the lining of the uterus is shed during a woman's monthly menstrual period.
ovulation the release of a single egg from a follicle that developed in the ovary. It usually occurs regularly, around day 14 of a 28-day menstrual cycle.
Pap test a test that finds changes in the cells of the cervix. The test can find cancer or cells that can turn into cancer. To perform a Pap test, a health care provider uses a small brush to gently scrape cells from the cervix for examination under a microscope.
parasite an organism that lives on or in a host organism and gets its food from or at the expense of its host.
pelvic exam during this exam, the doctor or nurse practitioner looks for redness, swelling, discharge, or sores on the outside and inside of the vagina. A Pap test tests for cell changes on the cervix. The doctor or nurse practitioner will also put two fingers inside the vagina and press on the abdomen with the other hand to check for cysts or growths on the ovaries and uterus. STD tests may also be done.
pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) an infection of the female reproductive organs that are above the cervix, such as the fallopian tubes and ovaries. It is the most common and serious problem caused by sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). PID can cause ectopic pregnancies, infertility, chronic pelvic pain, and other serious problems. Symptoms include fever, foul-smelling vaginal discharge, extreme pain, and vaginal bleeding.
perimenopause the phase in a woman's reproductive lifecycle leading up to menopause. Menopause is reached when a woman hasn't had a period for 12 months in a row. Before that point, during perimenopause, a woman's body slowly makes less of the hormones estrogen and progesterone. This causes some women to have symptoms such as hot flashes and changes in their periods. Many women go through it in their 40s and 50s.
pesticides any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, or repelling any pest. It also includes herbicides, fungicides, and various other substances used to control pests.
phenylketonuria (PKU) an inherited disorder in which the body cannot process a portion of the protein called phenylalanine (Phe), which is in almost all foods. If the Phe level gets too high, the brain can become damaged. All babies born in the United States are now tested for PKU soon after birth, making it easier to diagnose the disease and to treat it early.
placenta during pregnancy, a temporary organ joining the mother and fetus. The placenta transfers oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus, and permits the release of carbon dioxide and waste products from the fetus. The placenta is expelled during the birth process with the fetal membranes.
placental abruption when the placenta separates from the uterine wall before delivery, which can mean the fetus doesn't get enough oxygen.
plaque a buildup of fat, cholesterol and other substances that accumulate in the walls of the arteries.
pneumonia a severe inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli, or tiny air sacs in the lungs, are filled with fluid. This may cause a decrease in the amount of oxygen that the blood can absorb from air breathed into the lung. Pneumonia is usually caused by infection but may also be caused by radiation treatment, allergy, or irritation of lung tissue by inhaled substances. It may involve part or all of the lungs.
polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) a health problem that can affect a woman's menstrual cycle, ability to have children, hormones, heart, blood vessels, and appearance. With PCOS, women typically have high levels of androgens or male hormones, missed or irregular periods, and many small cysts in their ovaries.
postpartum depression (PPD) a serious condition that requires treatment from a health care provider. With this condition, feelings of the baby blues (feeling sad, anxious, afraid, or confused after having a baby) do not go away or get worse.
potassium a mineral that plays important roles in muscle contraction, the beating of the heart, and the sending of nerve impulses.
preconception health a woman's health before she becomes pregnant. It involves knowing how health conditions and risk factors could affect a woman or her unborn baby if she becomes pregnant.
preeclampsia also known as toxemia, it is a syndrome occurring in a pregnant woman after her 20th week of pregnancy that causes high blood pressure and problems with the kidneys and other organs. Symptoms include sudden increase in blood pressure, too much protein in the urine, swelling in a woman's face and hands, and headache.
premature birth see preterm birth.
premenstrual syndrome (PMS) a group of symptoms linked to the menstrual cycle that occur in the week or two weeks before menstruation. The symptoms usually go away after menstruation begins and can include acne, breast swelling and tenderness, feeling tired, having trouble sleeping, upset stomach, bloating, constipation or diarrhea, headache or backache, appetite changes or food cravings, joint or muscle pain, trouble concentrating or remembering, tension, irritability, mood swings or crying spells, and anxiety or depression.
preterm birth also called premature birth, it is a birth that occurs before the 37th week of pregnancy.
preterm labor labor that occurs before 37 completed weeks of pregnancy.
primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) a reproductive health problems that occurs when a woman's ovaries stop working normally before she is 40. POI is not the same as early menopause. Some women with POI still get a period now and then. But ovulation problems can make getting pregnant hard for women with POI.
progesterone a female hormone produced by the ovaries. Progesterone, along with estrogen, prepares the uterus (womb) for a possible pregnancy each month and supports the fertilized egg if conception occurs. Progesterone also helps prepare the breasts for milk production and breastfeeding.
prolactin a hormone that increases during pregnancy and breastfeeding. It stimulates the human breast to produce milk. Prolactin also helps inhibit ovulation.
prostate gland a gland in a man's reproductive system. It makes and stores seminal fluid. This fluid is released to form part of semen.
protein any of a group of large molecules that contain primarily carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Proteins are essential to the structure and function of all living cells. Examples of proteins in the body include enzymes, antibodies, and some hormones.
puberty time when the body is changing from the body of a child to the body of an adult. This process begins earlier in girls than in boys, usually between ages 8 and 13, and lasts 2 to 4 years.
radiation treatment using radiation to destroy cancer cells.
restless legs syndrome (RLS) a disorder that causes a powerful urge to move your legs. Your legs become uncomfortable when you are lying down or sitting. Some people describe it as a creeping, crawling, tingling or burning sensation. Moving makes your legs feel better, but not for long.
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) form of arthritis that causes pain, swelling, stiffness and loss of function in your joints. It can affect any joint but is common in the wrist and fingers. If one hand has RA, the other one usually does too. It's an autoimmune disease. This means the arthritis is caused by your immune system attacking your body's own tissues. RA can affect body parts besides joints, such as your eyes, mouth and lungs.
Rh factor a protein found on most people's red blood cells. If you do not have the protein, you are Rh negative. Most pregnant women who are Rh negative need treatment to protect the fetus from getting a blood disease that can lead to anemia.
rubella also called German measles. Rubella virus causes rash, mild fever, and arthritis. If a woman gets rubella while she is pregnant, she could have a miscarriage or her baby could be born with serious birth defects.
saturated fat fat such as butter, solid shortening, lard, and fatback. It is recommended that people avoid eating saturated fat, which increases the risk of certain long-term illnesses, such as coronary artery disease.
sedative a drug that calms a person and allows her or him to sleep.
seizures uncontrollable contractions of muscles that can result in sudden movement or loss of control, also known as convulsions.
semen the fluid (which contains sperm) a male releases from his penis when he becomes sexually aroused or has an orgasm.
sexually transmitted infections (STIs) diseases that are spread by sexual activity. Also called sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
sickle cell anemia a blood disorder passed down from parents to children. It involves problems in the red blood cells. Normal red blood cells are round and smooth and move through blood vessels easily. Sickle cells are hard and have a curved edge. These cells cannot squeeze through small blood vessels. They block the organs from getting blood. Your body destroys sickle red cells quickly, but it can't make new red blood cells fast enough — a condition called anemia.
sleep apnea a disorder involving brief interruptions of breathing during sleep.
sodium a mineral that is used in regulating the amount of water in the body. Sodium also plays important roles, along with potassium, in muscle contraction, the beating of the heart, and the sending of nerve impulses. Sodium is an ingredient of table salt.
spina bifida spina bifida is the most common of all birth defects. Its name means clef spine, or a failure of a fetal spine to close the right way when it is developing before birth. It occurs very early in pregnancy, roughly three to four weeks after conception, before most women know that they are pregnant. Any woman can have an affected pregnancy. Most women who bear a child with Spina bifida have no family history of it.
stillbirth when a fetus dies during birth, or when the fetus dies during the late stages of pregnancy when it would have been otherwise expected to survive.
stroke stoppage of blood flow to an area of the brain, causing permanent damage to nerve cells in that region. A stroke can occur either because an artery is clogged by a blood clot (called ischemic stroke) or an artery tears and bleeds into the brain. A stroke can cause symptoms such as loss of consciousness, problems with movement, and loss of speech.
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) the diagnosis given for the sudden death of an infant under one year of age that remains unexplained after a complete investigation. Because most cases of SIDS occur when a baby is sleeping in a crib, SIDS is also commonly known as crib death. Most SIDS deaths occur when a baby is between 1 and 4 months of age.
symptothermal method a method of pregnancy planning or birth control that combines certain aspects of the calendar, the basal body temperature, and the cervical mucus methods. It takes into account all these factors as well as other symptoms a woman might have, such as slight cramping and breast tenderness.
syphilis a sexually transmitted disease which may or may not have symptoms. Symptoms in the first stages can include painless sores on the genitals, anus, or mouth and enlarged lymph nodes in the area around the sore. Syphilis can be cured with antibiotics. If left untreated, syphilis can permanently damage the brain, nerves, eyes, heart, blood vessels, liver, bones, and joints. This damage includes paralysis (not being able to move or feel a part of the body), numbness, blindness, dementia, and even death.
systemic lupus erythematosus an autoimmune disease that can cause inflammation and damage to the joints, skin, kidneys, heart, lungs, blood vessels, and brain.
testicle (testis) the male sex gland. There are a pair of testes behind the penis in a pouch of skin called the scrotum. The testes make and store sperm, and make the male hormone testosterone.
thrush a yeast infection, caused by the fungus Candida albicans, of the mouth and throat. It's hallmark is white patches in the mouth. It can also occur in the gastrointestinal tract and vagina, and causes some types of diaper rash in infants.
thyroid The thyroid is a small gland in the neck that makes and stores hormones that help regulate heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and the rate at which food is converted into energy.
tourette's syndrome a brain-based disorder that starts in childhood in which a person makes involuntary movements and sounds (called tics).
toxoplasmosis an infection caused by the parasite named Toxoplasma gondii that can invade tissues and damage the brain, especially in a fetus and in a newborn baby. Symptoms include fever, fatigue, headache, swollen lymph glands, and muscle aches and pains. Can be contracted by touching the hands to the mouth after gardening, cleaning a cat's litter box, or anything that came into contact with cat feces; or by eating raw or partly cooked meat, or touching the hands to the mouth after touching raw or undercooked meat.
trans fat a type of unsaturated fat. Foods made with partially hydrogenated or hydrogenated oils contain trans fat. Food manufacturers use trans fat to prolong the shelf life of processed food. Some trans fats occur naturally in meat and dairy products from animals such as cattle, goats, and sheep. Eating trans fats increases the risk of certain long-term illnesses, such as coronary artery disease.
triglyceride a type of fat in the blood stream and fat tissue. High triglyceride levels (above 200) can contribute to the hardening and narrowing of arteries.
trisomy 18 a condition in which a baby is conceived with three copies instead of the normal two copies of chromosome #18. Children with this condition have multiple malformations and mental retardation due to the extra chromosome #18. Some of the problems include: low birth weight, small head, small jaw, malformations of the heart and kidneys, clenched fists with abnormal finger positioning, and malformed feet. The mental retardation is severe. Ninety five percent of children with this condition die before their first birthday.
tuberculosis a disease caused by bacteria that usually affects your lungs. Tuberculosis (TB) bacteria is spread through the air from one person to another. If someone with TB of the lungs or throat coughs or sneezes, people nearby who breathe in the bacteria can get TB. If your body can't stop the bacteria from growing, you will develop TB disease.
ultrasound a painless test that uses sound waves to produce images of the organs and structures of the body on a screen. Also called sonography.
umbilical cord connected to the placenta and provides the transfer of nutrients and waste between the woman and the fetus.
urethra the tube that releases urine from the body.
urinary tract infection an infection anywhere in the urinary tract, or organs that collect and store urine and release it from your body (the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra). An infection occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from the digestive tract, cling to the urethra (opening to the urinary tract) and begin to multiply.
uterine contractions during the birthing process, a woman's uterus tightens, or contracts. Contractions can be strong and regular (meaning that they can happen every 5 minutes, every 3 minutes, and so on) during labor until the baby is delivered. Women can have contractions before labor starts; these are not regular and do not progress, or increase in intensity or duration.
uterine fibroids common, benign (noncancerous) tumors that grow in the muscle of the uterus, or womb. Fibroids often cause no symptoms and need no treatment, and they usually shrink after menopause. But sometimes fibroids cause heavy bleeding or pain, and require treatment.
uterus a woman's womb, or the hollow, pear-shaped organ located in a woman's lower abdomen between the bladder and the rectum.
vaccine see immunization.
vagina the muscular canal that extends from the cervix to the outside of the body. Its walls are lined with mucus membranes and tiny glands that make vaginal secretions.
vaginitis Inflammation of the vagina, often caused by infection. Symptoms can include vaginal itching, burning, pain, and discharge.
viruses small microscopic organisms that often cause disease.
vulva the external female genital organ. It has five parts, including the urinary opening and the opening to the vagina.
wheezing breathing with difficulty, with a whistling noise. Wheezing is a symptom of asthma.
yeast infections a common infection in women caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida. It is normal to have some yeast in your vagina, but sometimes it can overgrow because of hormonal changes in your body, such as during pregnancy, or from taking certain medications, such as antibiotics. Symptoms include itching, burning, and irritation of the vagina; pain when urinating or with intercourse; and cottage cheese-looking vaginal discharge.
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Jimmy Carl Black
from El Paso, TX
February 1, 1938 - November 1, 2008 (age 70)
Jimmy Carl Black was an unusual figure in American rock music, as he achieved lasting fame primarily for a single ad-libbed line on the third album by the Mothers of Invention: "Hi boys and girls, I'm Jimmy Carl Black and I'm the Indian of the group." Of course, there was more to it than just this line, as bandleader Frank Zappa exploited the eccentric character of this Cheyenne Indian musician, realizing that his personality would be fascinating to certain listeners and quite a departure from the usual rock stars of that day. Black also had roots as a Texan, hailing from a town on the border of that state and New Mexico. This birthplace was almost a symbolic indicator of how Black would straddle different musical geographies. Although famous for his avant-garde work with Zappa, he was really more of a roots musician and worked extensively in blues, Tex-Mex, and country-rock. He came from a generation of musicians for whom working in a rock & roll band meant playing for strippers, four or five sets per night with more than one version of Wooly Bully.
All this would change in 1964 when his band, the Soul Giants, auditioned a young man named Frank Zappa for lead guitarist. Zappa could smell change in the wind big time and eventually suggested the band quit doing covers and let him write some songs specifically for them. The idea was to create an image of the band as the ultimate set of freaks, to cash in on the peace-and-love hippie era while simultaneously making fun of it, and everything else that came to mind. Zappa also envisioned himself as an avant-garde composer creating works along the lines of Edgar Varese. It was all a tall order, but with the band's name changed to the Mothers of Invention and the 1965 release of the first double album in rock history, Zappa's twisted dream became a reality.
Black went from backing up bumping and grinding to playing at Royal Festival Hall in a few years, but was dumped back out on the street when Zappa decided to disband his original group of Mothers and embark on a solo career in 1970. By then Zappa and the band had released their first and only full-length commercial film, #200 Motels, in which Black was prominently featured in what came to be one of his signature songs, Lonesome Cowboy Burt. Black and several other members of the Mothers rebounded with a new band, Geronimo Black. The group's direction was less of a freakout and more rock and blues, and Black wrote several classic Native American protest tunes for the band's debut album. Black and the group were based out of California up until 1973. A shift in record company management led to the band being dumped, beginning several decades of struggle for Black as he moved around the Western United States, almost always having to work at some job other than music in order to survive and support his five children.
For Black, being impoverished wasn't just a private matter. His former boss, Zappa, had recorded band meetings and arguments, inevitably about money and the lack of it, and had edited these spoken word bits into several Mothers releases. This material had an enlightening effect on many young listeners who thought all rock bandmembers were rolling in amassed wealth and hadn't a care in the world, certainly not the worries that plagued middle-class adults raising families. But no matter how hard times became, Black always remained involved in some kind of musical project. From 1973-1982 Black lived in New Mexico and Texas. He performed in a group called the Lotus Family with the banjo player Jim Bowie. Other Black groups from this period were Captain Glasspack and the Magic Mufflers and Big Sonny and the Lo Boys. In 1975, Black joined the band of another avant-garde rock legend, Captain Beefheart, as one of a set of double drummers. He stayed with the group for less than a year, performing on the Chicago-based #Soundstage television program and at the Nepworth Pop Festival in the United Kingdom. He was asked to do some guest vocals on a Zappa album in 1981, producing the off-color country song Harder Than Your Husband. But this friendly association with Zappa ended when most of the original Mothers decided to sue for unpaid back royalties, winning the case but not allowed to discuss the outcome with the press.
In 1982 he moved to Austin, TX, a town with a promising music scene that led to some new relationships, including one with the British singer Arthur Brown, another individual attempting to survive on a few moments of '60s fame, in his case a bizarre hit single entitled Fire. That Black and Brown would eventually combine their talents as house painters as well as musically says more about the lack of sufficiently paid musical employment in the Austin area than it does about these men's versatility. Throughout this period there had been attempts to revive the original Mothers, sans Zappa, as the Grandmothers. Most frequent partners in these ventures would be keyboardist Don Preston and reed player Bunk Gardner. While living in Austin, Black also began a Texas-based version of the group, and began to incorporate not just senior ex-Mothers but young Zappa fanatics eager to take part in a repertory company of Zappa music alongside their hero's former sidemen.
In 1991, Black and Preston were both invited to perform at the Moers Jazz Festival in a 12-piece grouping of musicians from different genres organized by guitarist Eugene Chadbourne. One year later Black had the opportunity to relocate in Europe when his wife was offered a job teaching on a military base in Vicenza, Italy. The Army wasn't particularly fond of the Blacks and wanted to send them back to Texas, but they opted to stay in Europe, relocating to the Stuttgart area of Germany where, in collaboration with the Muffin record company, he began an intensive effort to expand work possibilities for the Grandmothers. At the same time, Black continued his relationship with Chadbourne. The two formed a duo named the Jack and Jim Show after a painting Beefheart had done of Black with a jackrabbit. Black began getting enough work in Europe to survive as a musician, backing up a variety of blues singers in a band led by guitarist and harmonica player Rick Farrell and also appearing from 1994 onward as a guest vocalist with the British band the Muffin Men.
Concentrating more on singing than drumming, Black became known as one of the best interpreters of classic Zappa and Beefheart material. Despite threats of legal action from Zappa's widow, Gail, the Grandmothers continued to increase their activity. In 2000 the band embarked on a two-month tour of the United States, playing 60 shows in 66 days. Black continued in the life of a journeyman musician. "I'm famous, but I don't have a pot to piss in," he was fond of saying. The University of Liverpool Press planned to publish a biography of Black in 2002, to be written by Black and Rod Gilliard of the Muffin Men. Jimmy Carl Black passed away November 1, 2008, after a bout with cancer. ~ Eugene Chadbourne, Rovi
Good Night Ladies
I'm a King Bee
Dixie Night Club
Live in Steinbach
More Rockin' Blues
Live All-Stars
Black/Brown/Stone
If We'd All Been Living in California...
Can I Borrow a Couple of Bucks Until the End of the Week?
Zappa & MOI: Jimmy Carl Black Part 1
Jimmy Carl Black talks about Hendrix and Zappa Mothers
Frank Zappa - Lonesome Cowboy Burt [from the film '200 Motels' - 1971]
Jimmy Carl Black (Mothers of Invention) Interview-2006
The Muffin Men, + Jimmy Carl Black, Willie the Pimp
Jimmy Carl Black: Feb 1, 1938 – Nov 1, 2008: a tribute
Jimmy Carl Black with Frank Zappa
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Home › Emerging Tech
Mobile TV is the latest technology where the TV services are streamed on to the mobile or hand-held devices. Mobile TV is going to get more and more prevalent over the next couple years . There is lot of momentum in the area, even if there are a few commercial products so far.
Already, many mobile operators offer a selection of television channels or individual shows, which are streamed across their third-generation (3G) networks. In South Korea, television is also sent to mobile phones via satellite and terrestrial broadcast networks, which is far more efficient than sending video across mobile networks; similar broadcasts will begin in Japan soon. In Europe, the Italian arm of 3, a mobile operator, recently acquired Canale 7, a television channel, with a view to launching mobile- TV broadcasts in Italy in the second half of 2006. Similar mobile- TV networks will also be built in Finland and America, and are being tested in many other countries.
At the moment, mobile TV is mostly streamed over 3G networks. But sending an individual data stream to each viewer is inefficient and will be unsustainable in the long run if mobile TV takes off. So the general consensus is that 3G streaming is a prelude to the construction of dedicated mobile- TV broadcast networks, which transmit digital TV signals on entirely different frequencies to those used for voice and data. There are three main standards: DVB-H (Digital Video Broadcasting - Handhelds) , favoured in Europe; DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting), which has been adopted in South Korea and Japan; and Media FLO , which is being rolled out in America. Watching TV using any of these technologies requires a TV -capable handset, of course. Among the three technologies, DVB-H was officially adopted by ETSI (the European Telecommunications Standards Institute) as the standard for mobile TV services in Europe.
Just as there are several competing mobile- TV technologies, there are also many possible business models. Mobile operators might choose to build their own mobile- TV broadcast networks; or they could form a consortium and build a shared network; or existing broadcasters could build such networks. Some channels will be given away for free, while others are for paying subscribers only. The outcome will vary from country to country, depending on the regulatory environment and the availability of spectrum. In Italy, 3 bought Canale 7 to get its hands on its spectrum and its broadcaster's licence; in Britain, Finland and America, the scarcity of spectrum makes shared networks most likely.
Among the various mobile TV technologies, the likeliest near-term solution will be to unify under the ETSI-endorsed DVB-H standard. It is considered to be is the best delivery system currently available for most markets, according to many of the operators and vendors.
DVB-H:
DVB-H is a terrestial digital TV standard that uses less power in receiving client than DVB-T (DVB Terrestial), and allows the receiving device to move freely while receiving the transmission, thus making it ideal for mobile phones and haldheld computers to receive digital TV broadcasting over the digiTV network (without using mobile phone networks at all) .
The basic DVB-T television standard has been modified to enable the receivers to be less power hungry, as DVB-T is used in an environment where power consumption is not a major consideration. This power reduction has been achieved by time slicing so that the receiver is only switched on in those time intervals when viewing the channel of interest. These intervals could be anything between a few milliseconds and a few seconds. It therefore reduces power consumption by being switched off for the rest of the time when non-required data is being transmitted. There is therefore a trade off between the data rate required for the service and how much this can be packed into short bursts to save the battery power of the receiver.
Like DMB, DVB-H uses COFDM but with a bandwidth of either 6, 7, or 8 MHz. Additionally it uses a range of different types of modulation from QPSK up to 64QAM and this enables it to have a very high data rate. However it is more susceptible to signal variations and synchronisation problems. Additionally higher transmitter powers are required than those needed for DMB. Also frequencies that are likely to be used have not yet been allocated but it is thought they might be within the existing television bands. The wide RF bandwidth also means that current drain is increased, as wide bandwidth amplifiers are inherently more power hungry.
As it is really just an extension to DVB-T, DVB-H uses the same specs DVB-T. Video is normally encoded with MPEG-2 (but can be encoded with MPEG-1 as well, although very rarely used) and the standard, just like its other siblings DVB-C (Cable) , DVB-S (Satellite) and DVB-T, is mostly used in Europe.
Benefits of DVB-H:
An approved standard for handheld equipment by ETSI (European Telecommunications Institute) with a high adoption rate worldwide
DVB-H is an open industry standard that was developed by the DVB Project , an industry consortium and is currently being supported by leading companies throughout the wireless industry.
It benefits from existing DVB-T infrastructure components, which reduces initial investments in many cases
It provides the best user experience in the mobile environment, with an energy saving handset that is only ‘on’ 10% of the time, programme guide, soft handover and in-building coverage
It offers an excellent, broadcast-quality picture, because the screen resolution is of a similar standard to VHS
Battery consumption is reduced by 90% due to time-slicing technology
DVB-H comes from the proven DVB standard used in Europe for standard DTV transmission with a low power mode for battery-powered devices.
Efficient use of bandwidth enables up to 55 mobile channels plus scalability
It is supported by publicly available air interface specifications helping to drive device interoperability and market development
Its security includes end-to-end control of stream encryption, generation of decryption keys and delivery of keys to consumers in a billing-integrated way
It will be accessible by an estimated audience of approximately 300 million mobile users by 2006
Mobile TV Resources:
DVB Project
Nokia Mobile TV Forum
Mobile DTV Alliance
Mobile TV Ready for prime time? : Article
3G Americas: Mobile TV white paper / Tutorial
About Mobile TV
DVB-H Online
Competing Technologies Vie for Mobile TV Trends
Difference between DVB-H and DAB (pdf)
Wikipedia DVB-H
Register/Login with: Google
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Spotlight On...John Pastore
Name: John Pastore
Hometown: Brooklyn, NY
Education: B.A. - English Writing
Favorite Credits: Family of Strangers, Sidetracked
Why theater?: Because we have the opportunity to make a live audience uncomfortable in the best possible way. I love making a live audience think and / or cringe. Also, as a writer, theater affords me the luxury to maintain focus on a limited number of characters within one or two sets.
Tell us about Panic at the Riverside Motel?: What are your options when you are $50,000 short on an extravagant wedding? What happens when you've exhausted every avenue of help? Thankfully for Jake and Kaitlin, they have the opportunity to sell $50,000 worth of cocaine at the Riverside Motel. But things go wrong...immediately.
What inspired you to create Panic at the Riverside Motel?: I've always wanted to write a show that took place in a seedy motel. I think they're fun. I had the general idea in my head, but nothing else. A lot of things happen in these motels, so I felt my idea had potential. I eventually realized that combining the sleazy motel environment with desperation based on superficiality would naturally cause even more trouble for these characters. It felt very comfortable.
What kind of theater speaks to you? What or who inspires you as an artist?: The best theater for me makes you think, even if it's a comedy. The audience should be able to sit there and put themselves in whatever position a character is in, and just wonder..."what would I do?" My first inspiration was Sam Shepard. I read a lot of his plays in college, and they were the first ones that I related to. After that, I felt I had permission to write my own plays.
If you could work with anyone you’ve yet to work with, who would it be?: High hopes here: Melissa Leo, Ethan Hawke
What show have you recommended to your friends?: Revivals of Waiting for Godot and True West
Who would play you in a movie about yourself and what would it be called?: Edward Norton- “Hanging By A Thread”
What’s your biggest guilty pleasure?: WWE Wrestling! Been a fan since I was a kid!
If you weren’t working in theater, you would be _____?: Back in the office job that I quit.
What’s up next?: I just finished a script that I'm considering turning into a short film. It's pure comedy.
Posted by Michael Block at 12:38 PM
Labels: John Pastore, Spotlight On
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The Black Dahlia in Hollywood
The Life and Murder of Elizabeth Short.
Andy Russell
Anne Toth Film Clip
BDiH Forum
Georgette Bauerdorf
Musso and Frank Grill
Radio City Hollywood
Steve Hodel's Squad Room
The Dial Murder Network
Elizabeth Short
The Lady in Red?
Hollywood & Cherokee, 1946
Columbia Square
Ray Pinker's Color Photos
Los Angeles Times photograph
Ray Pinker, chemist and crime lab technician for the LAPD, began his career in 1929 in the Police Scientific Investigation Division. The laboratory was just seven years old when Pinker joined the department and it was the first such lab in the country. He had a long, distinguished career that lasted almost 40 years. After his departure from the LAPD, he taught police science at Cal State Los Angeles. Pinker died in 1979 at the age of 74.
During his long career, he worked on high profile crimes and lesser known, solving many with his scientific methods.
Perhaps his most famous case was the murder of Elizabeth Short. By 1947, Pinker was using microscopic color photography to aid in crime detection. He said, "If juries could see the evidence as we see it in our investigations there would be more convictions of persons we know guilty of the crime charged and we would not have them back on our streets free to perpetrate more crimes."
According to the Los Angeles Times, "Color photos were first used by Pinker in the recent investigation of the mutilation murder of Elizabeth Short (the 'Black Dahlia.') Should the slayer ever be found he will be confronted in court with a variety of pictures thoroughly and accurately displaying all features of his butchery."
When Beth Short was a student at Medford High School, her fellow students compared her to the hugely popular movie star, Deanna Durbin.
Beth was called "Medford's Deanna Durbin," not because of a shared musical talent, but because of Beth's physical resemblance to the singer and actress.
In the 1930s and 1940s, light opera singers, such as Irene Dunne, Jeanette MacDonald and Gloria Jean were very popular with movie audiences. Deanna Durbin was the overwhelming favorite and was the highest salaried female in the world in 1947.
She was a reluctant star, but as her producer, Joe Pasternak once said, "no one can take credit for discovering her. You can't hide that kind of light under a bushel. You just can't, no matter how hard you try!"
She was born Edna Mae Durbin in Canada in 1921, retired from Hollywood in 1948 and died in in France in 2013. Durbin eventually shunned Hollywood and lived in seclusion for decades. She once said that the actress Deanna Durbin was a creation of Hollywood and did not reflect the person, Edna Durbin.
“If you can make a woman laugh, you can make her do anything.” ~ Marilyn Monroe
Bernard of Hollywood, 1946
Over the years, claims have been made that Elizabeth Short and Marilyn Monroe knew each other. While it is possible that their paths crossed in Hollywood or that they might have had a nodding acquaintance, no evidence has ever been presented that verifies the claims.
Beth Short stayed with her father near the University of Southern California briefly in 1942. Then, in the last half of 1946 she returned to live for five months in L.A. and Hollywood.
Norma Jeane Baker, who did not become Marilyn Monroe until 1946, lived around L.A. much longer. Norma Jeane was born in Los Angeles in 1926, two years after the birth of Beth Short in Massachusetts.
In the years leading up to her marriage, Norma Jeane lived in and out of orphanages and foster homes in the Los Angeles area.
When Beth resided briefly in Los Angeles in 1942, Norma Jeane was attending Van Nuys High School and living with friends of her mother’s. While still in high school, an arrangement was made that 15 year old Norma Jeane marry neighbor Jim Dougherty. Dougherty said they dated a few times before he proposed and she said “yes.”
It has been repeated many times that the newlyweds celebrated their marriage at the Florentine Gardens in Hollywood, but Norma Jeane’s half sister, Berniece Baker Miracle, said that is not true. Their wedding and reception was held at the home of Chester Howell.
Norma Jeane had turned 16 shortly before her marriage. Jim was 21. He worked for the Lockheed Corporation in Burbank, while his new wife stayed home.
Beth returned to Southern California from the east in July, 1946. On Beth’s 22nd birthday, July 29, Norma Jeane received her first mention in a Hollywood gossip column. Beth was in Long Beach. A month later, Norma Jeane signed her first studio contract and changed her name to Marilyn Monroe. Around this time, Beth and her boyfriend moved from Long Beach to Hollywood and they lived at the Brevoort Apartments as Mr. and Mrs. Gordon Fickling.
After marrying Jim Dougherty in 1942, the couple lived in the San Fernando Valley. When Jim joined the Merchant Marines, they lived on Santa Catalina Island, off the coast of San Pedro. When her husband left for service in the Pacific, Norma Jeane lived with his mother in the Valley. In September, 1946, they divorced.
Following the split, Norma Jeane, now Marilyn, lived in Hollywood at the Studio Club from September, 1946 until the summer of 1947. It was around this time that both Marilyn and Beth lived in Hollywood and may have crossed paths. Beth moved from the Brevoort Apartments in late August and Marilyn moved into the Studio Club in September. Their residences were two blocks from each other.
Beth died in January, 1947, and in the fall, Marilyn moved to the El Palacio Apartments in West Hollywood.
Camp Cooke & the Cuties
Camp Cooke Cutie
Elizabeth Short & co-workers
When Elizabeth Short arrived for work at the Camp Cooke post exchange in late January, 1943, the camp was still being built. It was huge in size and underwent major construction, the second phase being completed in February, 1943, soon after Beth’s arrival.
In March, 1941, the War Department authorized the army to locate land and build a camp in California as a training site for armored divisions. The camp was officially opened in October, 1941, but the attack on Pearl Harbor in December of that year accelerated the construction of Camp Cook, which covered over 90,000 acres on the central coast. The camp was named for Maj. General Phillip St. George Cooke, a veteran of the Indian Wars and the Civil War.
Early in the war, servicemen stationed at Camp Cooke had to seek entertainment in nearby Lompoc or Santa Maria. Activities were limited to movie houses, bars and churches. It wasn’t long before the USO and other service clubs began providing entertainment. Bob Hope brought the cast of his radio show to Camp Cooke in March, 1942 and more entertainers followed. The next month, two service clubs opened and dancing and socializing became popular. The Army brought in 250 chaperoned young women from surrounding towns and eventually even more from Burbank and Los Angeles.
Broadway musicals were put on and exhibition boxing matches with Joe Louis, World Heavy Weight Champion and others were staged. Yankee Clipper Joe DiMaggio played baseball for the soldiers and Irving Berlin’s stage show, "This is the Army" was filmed at the camp, using soldier as extras. Throughout the war years, nearly every major entertainer in the United States performed at Camp Cooke.
The Camp Cooke Clarion, the base newspaper, was printed every Friday by the Santa Maria Daily Times. The first edition was published on Friday, March 13, 1942 as part of a morale building program for the soldiers. Over time, the newspaper was called the Camp Cooke Clarion, the Clarion and the Cooke Clarion.
Some of the Cuties
B & B Portraits
Beginning with Velma Staples, one employee per week was chosen as the Camp Cooke Cutie. The young women, single or married, were picked from the female civilian personnel and highlighted in the Clarion each Friday.
Suggestions for the “Cuties” were made by camp denizens and given to the Public Relations department. A photographer from B & B Portrait Studio, the local camp studio, captured the image of each week’s winner.
B & B Portrait Studio
Camp Cooke Clarion
Camp Cooke Cuties worked in the Utilities Office, at the Provost Marshals Office, the Post Engineers Building, Ordnance Office, Reclamation Office, Signal Office, Quartermaster Office and most other departments at the camp. Most of the girls were young, in their teens or early twenties. They came from all over the country. Some, as we know, eventually made their way south to Los Angeles.
Sara Lee Testa
Sara Lee Testa was employed as a receptionist at the Post Exchange. She was born in South Carolina in 1921, but lived in Houston, Texas before working at Camp Cooke. Sara Lee had blue eyes, brown hair and was 5’ 2” tall. She was identified as possibly being seen at Mark Hansen’s Hollywood home on Carlos Avenue. Sara Lee died in 2006 at the age of 84.
Around the time Beth Short was employed at Camp Cooke, she lived in the surrounding communities of Lompoc, Casmalia and Santa Barbara. On September 6, 1943, the El Paseo nightclub in Santa Barbara sent its Grand International Revue to Camp Cooke to entertain the troops. A few weeks later, Elizabeth Short was arrested at the El Paseo and was sent home to Medford, Massachusetts, bringing to a close her time in the Central Coast and her brief career at Camp Cooke.
(Special thanks to Maj Mike McCloud, U.S. Air Force, ret.)
Remembering Beth Short
Clara Fisher
Medford High School classmate Clara Fisher recalled, "She was such a beautiful girl. I remember her very well because she was so popular and dressed exceptionally well."
Beth Short, the young woman from Medford, Massachusetts, died far from home and family. She was a mystery to the public, to the people who passed through her life and to her mother and sisters. From a variety of sources, a picture of her emerges.
Phoebe Short said her daughter was a "good girl." At the time of Beth's murder, Phoebe said, "She was working in Hollywood doing bit parts for the movies until two weeks ago." She didn't understand why newspapers painted such a negative portrait of her daughter.
Beth's sister, Virginia, who lived in Berkeley, California, hadn't heard from her in "at least two years" when she learned of her death.
Ginny said "She was always being told how pretty she was and I guess it went to her head."
Classmate Clara Fisher recalled, "She was such a beautiful girl. I remember her very well because she was so popular and dressed exceptionally well."
Red Manley described meeting her in San Diego, saying, "She was such a pretty girl I stopped and raked up a conversation with her."
An acquaintance from Long Beach, Robert Robertson, recalled, "She was a beautiful girl and well built and seemed like a nice girl,"
George Bacos said, "I didn’t want to kiss her because of all that ‘goop’ she used on her face. I’m used to nice, cultured girls.”
Roommate Linda Rohr said Beth wore too much makeup, "an inch thick."
Mary Unkefer of the Santa Barbara police department said Beth was, "very good looking with beautfiul dark hair and fair skin. She dressed nicely and was a long way from being a barfly." She also said, "She had the blackest hair I ever saw."
Inez Keeling, the manager of the Camp Cooke PX said, "I was won over at once by her innocence. She was one of the loveliest and most shy girls working for me."
Beth "had small, brown molelike freckles on her left arm and two faint small brown moles on her right cheek," according to a Santa Barbara police report.
The Santa Barbara police recorded her statistics as, "5' 7"; weight 130 lbs.; complexion fair; hair black; eyes, hazel green; mole on face."
Camp Cooke employment documents showed her as "5' 6"; weight 121 lbs.; hair brown; eyes green; build, medium; scar on back; complexion fair."
Harold Costa rembered that Beth's friends, Margie and Lynn, said, "the kid was broke and hungry." They asked that she be invited along with them. Costa said Beth didn't join the others once because "her hair needed another henna rinse."
Twenty-three year old Freddie Woods of Chicago said, "Elizabeth Short was one of the prettiest girls I ever met, but she was terribly preoccupied with the details of the Degnan murder."
According to a Boston newspaper article, an air force lieutenant from Oklahoma wrote to her, saying, "You seem to be doing alright by yourself Beth, and I'm proud of you. Bet quite a few of your firm's clients envy your face and figure, and might even have mentioned the fact. Don't know what prompted this from me. except that I think you are a doll- beautiful, yet fragile."
The same newspaper printed an excerpt from another letter, this one from "an officer at a Texas airfield:"
"Hope you've had the best of luck with your photographer towards that new job you want. Don't forget that I want some of those glamour shots of you that you promised. It's hard to believe that a few days ago I was sitting in Earl Carroll's with you across the table. It's nice to remember moments like that, and I really have plenty of moments with you that won't be forgotten."
Another letter was mailed to her at the Hotel Vernon in Chicago and forwarded to her in Hollywood. It was mailed by another unidentified air force officer from Scott Field in Illinois. It read, in part,
"Honey, I'm terribly sorry about that wire you sent. Couldn't raise the money on such short notice. Glad you managed O.K. For goodness sake write me and give me your permanent address- if you have one. I love you much more than this abrupt note indicates."
Dorothy French remarked, “There was something so sorrowful about her -."
There was, "nothing malicious about her," Anne Toth said.
Elizabeth Short was often described as attractive or beautiful by those who knew her. She was about 5' 5" tall and weighed about 115 pounds, the ideal woman in the eyes of Broadway entrepreneur and nightclub impresario, Earl Carroll, who thought the perfect woman should be 5' 5", 118 pounds. She had dyed, jet black hair and wore heavy makeup. She had pale blue eyes and she liked to wear a flower in her hair. She had a bad cough and decaying teeth. She bit her finger nails, wore "falsies" and had taps put on her shoes. She dressed with care and didn't like to share her clothing with the other girls.
She mislead people and was secretive about her life, but she was most often thought of as a nice girl. She was known around Hollywood as Beth or Betty, and those acquainted with her, for the most part, spoke well of her after her death.
Investigators were not so impressed. They disproved rumors that she was a prostitute, but agreed that she was a moocher and walked too close to the edge.
Mark Hansen said she, "appeared to be a very nice girl," and "she appeared to be a more domestic type girl." He also said, "Well I thought she was fair looking, average. If it wasn't for her teeth, she had bad teeth. Other than that she would have been beautiful."
Hansen said, "I didn't like the caliber of people she showed up with." But he also sympathized with her. "I felt sorry for her. She said there was bad company over there [the Chancellor] and she couldn't stand it."
Anne Toth said there was "nothing malicious about her." "She had a lot of high ideas, that Betty, believe me, with her Boston family and all that stuff-."
Anne said she was fastidious about herself. "She was the type that didn't want anybody to touch her clothes and she didn't want to touch theirs. She washed everything, she was a very meticulous person."
George Bacos said, "As a matter of fact, for my part I tried to avoid her as much as possible. I was new in radio and made contacts, and she dressed kinda cheaply, you know, too obvious and everything."
John Egger, the head usher at the CBS studios in Hollywood recalled, "-we always notice a girl like that, she was a striking girl, with that raven hair, blue sweater or pink sweater, she more or less became a legend and when we saw her with a man we paid more attention."
She had a quiet demeanor and good looks, but apparently she was not a happy young woman. Her mother recalled "moments of despondency." Those who knew her in Hollywood noticed she was often frightened. Mark Hansen and Ann Toth saw it, as did roommate Lynn Martin and the Frenches in San Diego.
Fickling-Short Correspondence
From Beth to Gordon (unmailed):
Darling: I do hope that you enjoyed a happy Christmas at home with your folks. I wish that I could have been at home during the holidays. My grandparents came to visit at my home from Portland, Maine. My aunts and uncles also were included so I guess mother had her hands full.
My sister and brother-in-law were as happy as two love birds. I'm so happy for them. What could be better? Mother mentioned that she wanted to come here some time in the spring. She intends buying a house near my sister in Berkeley. I know that she'll be happier here. She works so hard at home taking care of the furnace and keeping the house up, besides working herself. My younger sisters aren't much help because they are at the age where they like to run around. I used to keep them in line when I was home, but now poor mother has it all to do.
Mother has asked about you several times and I do wish you knew her. I'm sure that you would like her, for everyone does. She's so wonderful and very nice looking, too. Where do you expect to live permanently? Have you come to any conclusion as to where you'll work now, dear? That is the main worry now, isn't it? Frankly, darling, if everyone waited to have everything all smooth before they decided to marry, none of them would be together now.
It takes two to make a marriage successful, and it also takes time to have everything as you want it. Two people never do start out having everything all at once. My sister and her husband married during the war and it was all confusing then. Everything is very nice now and they are happy. I have no right to preach to you I know, Gordon darling, but you are missing so much of life. Don't you think so? I'm getting ready to leave now that the holidays are over. I'll need my fur coat in Chicago, I guess. It's going to be cold there. I know that you'll be happy some day soon darling, bye for now, love Beth.
Excerpts from Gordon to Beth:
I'm hoping you get the job you want, also the clothes and the apartment. After that, you should be able to relax, for a few days before something else happens.
Just tried to call you for the sixth time since 11 A.M. I hope that you enjoyed your breakfast date which you seemed to have kept despite the fact that you said you were not going to. If I am ever able to understand you, I'm going to consider myself quite accomplished. Will continue trying to call you and hope that you can say hello between dates.
Telegram to Beth, Park Row Hotel, Chicago, summer, 1946
Darling, love you more than ever. Have been away recently. My letters to Indianapolis returned. You're moving to fast. Letter follows. Don't move. Signed love Gordon.
Letter to Beth, Hawthorne Apts. September, 1946:
Loving you the way I do would make me do practically anything I guess. I learn so many new things about you every day, that it's a little confusing. You do things that irritate me and burn me up but no darling, I don't want to leave you, as you seem to believe.
From Beth, December 13, 1946 (unmailed):
Honey: Today has been quite busy for me. However, I always find time to let you know that my thoughts are of you. I have just made a chocolate cake and topped it off with white fudge frosting. I also added chopped nuts and cocoanut. Everyone approved because it is nearly gone now. I made hot coffee and it all tasted good. As I wrote, I am spending the holidays with my girl friend whom I worked with in Hollywood. Her mother has a home here in San Diego. She and I feel the same about Hollywood. I couldn't bear to be alone during the holidays, so she and I are spending it with her mother. We all get along fine and I am happy for now.
I want to go to Florida in the new year, and stay there. I've lost a great deal of work here, and when I was able to work, I had to pay a great deal for medicine and doctor bills. Rather discouraging, I should say!!! I honestly did believe that I would be well here in the West. Time has proved differently to me. My girl friend's mom works at the Navy hospital here. I found myself a very nice job there also. I've worked for the past few days and I'm crazy about it. I am a receptionist and stenographer combination. I work for a lieutenant commander and he is very nice to me. He has asked me to spend New Year's Eve with him.
All of the doctors on the staff at the hospital have made plans to get a party together at the country club here. I feel quite flattered because he asked me when we first met. He's certainly a nice boss. Everyone has been real nice to me.
I had hoped that we would be together by this time this year. It isn't possible, but I do hope that you find a nice young lady to kiss at midnight New Year's. It would have been wonderful if we belonged to each other now. Most sweethearts celebrate together on New Year's Eve. I so wish it could have been different for us.
My boss told me that he would find me a house through the Navy housing if I would stay here. I would never be happy in a house alone. I want the kind of happiness everyone else has. I'm working for now and I'll plan something else later. I am so unsettled and discouraged. Perhaps Matt was my man, that is why I've been so miserable. I'll never regret coming West to see you. You didn't take me in your arms and keep me there, however, it was nice as long as it lasted. You had a great deal on your mind and I was just an extra burden. I'll never be settled unless I find my own happiness, as everyone else does with the man they love.
Perhaps there is someone now, because I've never been able to call you "all mine." I've just about made my mind up to forget you and try and be happy some other way. I'm miserable because you are not around. Yet I knew you never will be. Why go on, for if I let myself, I am sure that I could find someone else and love them. I'm human, dear, so much so but you can't understand it. I want someone all for myself. Don't you? I'll close for now, and have a nice holiday and be happier than I am.
Always, Betty.
Letter sent to San Diego from Gordon, postmarked Charlotte, North Carolina, January 3, 1947:
Honey, I know that I can't make you happy if I haven't anything to offer you. Until that time you must make your own decisions. Anything that will make you happy is all right with me. I trust that you'll be very happy back in Chicago modeling, doing what you like best. Time and again I've suggested that you forget me, as I've believed it's the only thing for you to do, to be happy- find your happiness where you can, you're not finding it in me- I enjoy hearing about you in your letters, but if you'd rather stop them there's no hard feelings on my part. I'll understand and wish you all the happiness in the world.
Love, Gordon
[Special thanks to kawaglia from the BDiH forum for providing these letters]
Phoebe Short
In 1982, in Stockton, California, Phoebe Short and her oldest daughter, Virginia talked about Elizabeth.
Phoebe said, "She was a very affectionate, sweet girl and if she was out at night she always stopped in my bedroom to talk. And she would talk and talk and tell everything that she had done and everything."
Virginia said, "This case seems to be constantly coming up. It’s never been buried, it’s never been solved. But there always seems to be, you know, unfinished business with it. It’s a very mysterious kind of thing."
After 35 years, Phoebe said, "I expect it would be good to close the case, but like I say, I’m not a person that holds a grudge, but I, I would like to see the case closed."
In 1947, when Mrs. Short traveled to California, her mother, Ella Leighton, left her home in Portland, Maine to stay with Beth’s three sisters still living at home in Medford. Beth’s married sister, Mrs. Adrian West, living with her husband in Northern California, talked to reporters about Beth before the funeral: “She was always being told how pretty she was and I guess it went to her head. We just can’t understand the things they say about her in the papers. She was never like that. We just can’t believe it.”
Mrs. Short told reporters at the airport in Los Angeles that, “It was only 10 days ago when she wrote me from San Diego telling me she had a job in the naval hospital there. I never dreamed that she was having financial difficulties. Her letters were always so cheerful.”
Days after the murder, Phoebe reflected on her daughter's life, saying, "Betty was a sophomore when she left high school in Medford. She had asthma. Every winter she would go south, to Florida, as a waitress. Then she would come back home in summer. When she was away, she always wrote me once a week. The last I heard she was working in San Diego at a hospital."
She also said, "The only man that I know she loved was Maj. Matt Gordon Jr. She was engaged to Matt, but he was killed flying home."
At the inquest in Los Angeles, Mrs. Short was asked to tell about hearing of her daughter's death. "She was murdered!" she said, rising from her chair. Silence fell over the courtroom as Mrs. Short gained back her composure.
She also told of her daughter’s aspirations: “Elizabeth always wanted to be an actress. She was ambitious and beautiful and full of life, but she had her moments of despondency.”
“Betty always loved California so, so I think we’ll have the funeral in Berkeley. That is, as soon as the body is released.”
Cleo Short
Cleo Short, the father who deserted his family in 1930, left his wife Phoebe and his five young daughters to fend for themselves when he disappeared from their lives.
He was born on October 18, 1885 in Virginia. He married Phoebe Sawyer on April 11, 1918 in Portland, Maine.
Cleo Short said he sent his daughter 200 dollars in 1942 to travel west and stay with him in his home in Vallejo, California. She took him up on his offer, but their relationship was strained and he told her to leave his home in January of 1943.
Father and daughter went their separate ways, but they both ended up in Los Angeles, just a few miles from each other. Cleo told investigators that he never saw his daughter again after she left his home up north.
"I didn't want anything to do with her or any of the rest of the family then. I was through." At the time of the murder, Cleo Short was living at 1020 South Kingsley in Los Angeles, one mile from the Figueroa Hotel. He was working at a refrigeration repair business on Santa Monica Boulevard, just east of Fairfax Avenue in West Hollywood.
Investigators had to search for Cleo after his daughter's body was discovered and identified. He was eventually found in his apartment on Kingsley Drive and was described as intoxicated and uncooperative.
"We went up there and first time we ever saw him, we knocked and knocked and knocked on the door, and finally aroused him, and we found him to be in a drunken stupor. Found wine bottles all over the place, he was very uncooperative, especially in view of the fact that after all, his daughter had been murdered."
They went to see him the next day and he described his relationship with her, saying in part, "he kicked her out because she was so dirty, and she wouldn't keep the house clean, she wouldn't cook his meals," the investigators said.
He refused to identify his daughter's body and did not attend her funeral.
"I want nothing to do with this," he said.
A woman named Leona M. White contacted investigators, saying she had been a neighbor of Cleo's at the time of the murder. She wrote,
"I did not reside in the same apartment house as Mr. Short but directly across on different streets. His apartment was on the front of the 3rd floor and mine on the front on the 2nd floor.
"On the night the newspaper stated Miss Short was killed I was having a very severe attack of asthma and Mr. Short left my home about 11 p.m. & he called on the phone about 12 to see how I was. I asked him not to call me later as it wakened other tenants. I couldn't lie down and about 2 a.m. he rang my bell and when I answered he asked to come up and he said he had been in bed asleep & when he awoke and looked out the window and saw my light on he put his clothes over his pajamas & walked over. He had his bedroom slippers on and he stayed until about 4 a.m. Then about 8 a.m. he put the morning paper on my door. That next night he came by and we discussed the murder and read about it- and I know he had no idea who it was. After the paper stated the presence of a scar on the murdered girl's back- he said she must have had an operation similar to his daughter Betty- and he discussed that and I know he has grieved terribly altho[sic] I haven't seen him for over a year and I had never met any of his daughters or Mrs. Short."
Cleo Short died in Los Angeles on January 19, 1967, 20 years and four days after his daughter's murder.
Matt Gordon
Major Matt Gordon, Jr, a young Army Air Force pilot during the war, was the man Beth hoped to marry one day. Beth's mother, Phoebe Short, said that Matt was "the only man that I know she loved."
Matt was born on April 21, 1919 and grew up in Pueblo, Colorado. According to his cousin, Matt's oldest brother, Vincent, was also a pilot who served in WW II, Korea and Viet Nam.
According to newspaper articles, Matt's mother, Mrs. Matt Gordon, Sr, said her son told her the two met in Miami in 1944. Mrs. Gordon said that they met only once, but that they corresponded by mail. Beth wrote him:
"Darling,
I'm so proud that I'm afraid I'm going to cry. Forgive me please, I didn't plan to cry at all. I simply can't help myself, and when you come home I'm never going to let you go, Darling. I'm not trying to frighten you really. I just love you so, and it's real love because I haven't had you out of my thoughts since we met."
Matt wrote a letter from India to his mother dated May 5, 1945, asking if she thought Beth really loved him.
"It kind of looks like she does. In 11 days she wrote me 27 letters." Mrs. Gordon later said she did not give her son advice, that she trusted his judgment.
Beth never saw Matt again. He died after his plane crashed in India on August 10, 1945. He was killed while testing a repaired plane.
In 1940, Matt Gordon signed up with General Clair Chennault's newly commissioned Fourteenth Air Force.
In April, 1943, under the command of Major Robert Liles, Second Lieutenant Matt Gordon flew a P-40 Warhawk, a single engine, single seat fighter in China. He and his fellow flyers fought off a Japanese aerial attack, where Matt shot down an enemy plane with two-to-one odds against the American fighters.
In China, as a First lieutenant, Gordon was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for his part in over 50 combat missions and for destroying two Japanese Zeros.
By September, 1943, Matt had been promoted to captain, and according to newspaper accounts, Liles, Matt and fellow flyer, Captain Roger Pryor all took part in another major air battle when Japanese planes attacked the Fourteenth Air Force headquarters in China.
"- Liles, Gordon and Pryor all became aces as the enemy suffered the heaviest loss to date—15 bombers and two Zeros definitely downed and three bombers and four Zeros damaged—in attacks on American airdromes in this theater."
According to reports, Gordon had five kills with the 75th FS 23rd FG in 1943. He was a fighter squadron commander with the Air Commandos in his second tour of duty in Burma.
Capt. Mathew Gordon
Non-Fatal Air Crash: 11-19-43
Ceretificate
Pfc. Richard D. Michael
Report of Interment
Maj. Mathew Gordon
In March, 1945, Matt flew to the rescue of a downed American pilot in Central Burma, near the Japanese lines. Matt took off in a L-5 from his base and rescued the flyer. Hours later, Gordon received another radio message reporting another downed pilot. He took off in the same L-5, this time crashing into a tree top before he could locate the pilot.
Matt was given first aide and packed off to an American hospital with serious head wounds, where he remarked, "Naturally, I'd do it again, but the irony of the whole thing is that the second pilot was rescued by British troops as soon as he hit the ground."
Matt's cousin says that Gordon also piloted a B-29 Superfortress bomber, christened, "The Nippon Nemesis."
In the summer of 1945, Matt's mother received the bad news and sent a telegram to Beth reading in part, "Matt killed in plane crash on way home from India. Our deepest sympathy is with you. Pray it isn't true."
The telegram was later found pasted in one of Beth's souvenir albums.
Matt was only 26 when he was killed.
Harry L. Hansen
Detective Harry Hansen worked the Black Dahlia case from Day One. He was on the scene at Norton Avenue on the morning of January 15, 1947 and remained on the case until he retired in 1968. He even received some 400 written "clues" from Dahlia obsessed people during retirement, according to a Los Angeles Times article.
The Times said Hansen was an entertainer before going into police work and continued "as a master of ceremonies for department function."
He started working for the LAPD in the late 1930's and worked his way up to Detective Sergeant and eventually taught homicide investigation to police offiers from all over California at UCLA.
Hansen retired to Palm Desert, California in 1968. In 1975, he served as technical advisor for the television movie, "Who Killed the Black Dahlia?". He was portrayed on screen by Efrem Zimbalist, Jr.
While retired, Hansen spoke of Carlos Avenue and Mark Hansen, saying he would, "-Give 'em a place to stay. 'course I don’t know what went on, but it’s not like Sunday school. That’s for sure."
After a long career as a homicide detective, Harry Hansen died at 80 years old on October 9, 1983 at the Eisenhower Medical Center in Rancho Mirage, California.
Mark, Anne & Beth
Los Angeles Times Photo
In 1949, district attorney investigators interviewed Mark Hansen and Anne Toth separately. Theater impresario Hansen was a suspect early in the 1947 LAPD investigation and remained so long after.
Anne found a place for Beth at the Chancellor Hotel in Hollywood, without telling Mark Hansen. When he drove her home the night before she left town, Anne said he was "amazed, he didn't know what had happened to her, where she had gone or what had happened." Anne asked Hansen to get the address in Berkeley for Beth's sister, since Anne would be nearby in Richmond at the same time.
When he returned from dropping her off at the Chancellor, Anne said he didn't get the address. The next day Anne called to speak with Beth, but she had disappeared and left some of her things, because she couldn't afford the rent. Witnesses said she was scared before she left.
On January 10, about 11:00 pm, Mark asked Anne to guess the whereabouts of Betty Short. Ann replied, "Is she in Berkeley?" Anne said Hansen told her no, she went to San Diego.
Anne said, "Well, that is like wrong way Corrigan, headed for Berkeley and went to San Diego." Then, she said Hansen told her, "he got a wire from her. Then he said he got a telephone call from her and he said that she wanted some money to come back to Los Angeles. So, he said he didn't send her - he wouldn't send her any, and that he said that if she did get up here that she could come to the house and stay for a few days and he said that she had intentions of bringing my coat back to me, and I imagine she mentioned it over the telephone and so forth, and I lent her some money, I imagine she mentioned that, and that was just about all there was to it."
Then, on January 12, Anne said Mark's telephone started ringing continuously in the evening. When he answered it, the other party was silent. After about half an hour of the telephone ringing constantly, Anne told Hansen to let her have the phone. She took it in her room and the same thing happened for another half an hour.
Eventually, Anne told the silent caller that she was going to report the incident to authorities. After that, the calls ceased. The calls were made in "the evening of the 12th, I would say, between twelve and one o'clock," Anne said.
Investigators asked Anne about the movements of Hansen on the night of January 14. She could not recall, except to say that he was usually home by 11:00 pm. "If he went to the fights or wrestling matches or say whatever it was, he usually got in around 11 o'clock, ten, eleven."
"But I couldn't tell you. I may have been out to four in the morning, I don't know."
Investigators went on to ask about his sexual conduct, to which Anne described him as "very crude. I wouldn't say rough or anything else, just crude."
They also asked about his background and the claims he made to Anne about his medical knowledge. She said, "He claimed to have known something about the medical profession." She also said, "He claims to know how to perform abortions or something, I don't know." Anne added, "Of course, I never believed him anyway.
Investigators also asked Anne about how Hansen felt towards Beth. They wanted to know, "- did she go for him or was it a means to an end?" Anne replied, "Yes, I think, more or less." "A means to having a place to live?" they asked. Anne said, "Well, I guess she compensated to a respect. After all, he asked her not to go with other fellows, so she did likewise to him.
"But there was a little lopsided romance going on there at the time?"
Anne replied, "Yes."
Marjorie Graham
Margie Graham played a central role in Beth Short's Hollywood life. The two young women knew each other from Cambridge, Massachusetts, Margie's home town. They met again in Los Angeles, where they were roommates in at least four different residences.
While no record of employment could be found for Beth Short in Los Angeles, Margie Graham worked as a stenographer for an insurance company and also as a waitress in several restaurants, including the Pig Stand on Vermont Avenue in Hollywood.
Bob Granas introduced Lynn Martin and Margie to George Bacos. George said that Margie, "seemed like a nice gal. She was quiet too; didn't dress as smartly as Lynn; anything like that."
He said, "I wouldn't say she was fast." "She's built big; not fat, but big." George also recalled that "I think she said she was married."
Finis Brown described her as a "heavy set girl with "light brown hair."
The D.A. investigation suggested that "she is of a nice family," but the "LAPD indicates otherwise while in Los Angeles vicinity."
Anne Toth said that Bill Robinson was Margie's boy friend. Ann also said, "This Robinson tried to take advantage of her [Beth] once and he slapped her in the face and threw her out of the car. She came home crying about that."
When Beth arrived in Los Angeles in 1946, she lived at the Sunset Motel and later at the Brevoort Hotel with Gordon Fickling. Margie said that she ran into Beth in Hollywood in the summer of 1946.
"I went to the West Coast last summer and was in a 5 and 10 cent store in Hollywood one afternoon when I bumped into Betty. She had just arrived in town that day and didn't have a place to live, so I asked her to come and room with me for a while."
When Beth moved from the Brevoort on August 28, she moved in with Margie and Lynn Martin at the Hawthorne Hotel, several blocks west and kitty-corner from Hollywood High School.
Two neighbors, Don Leyes and Harold Costa took the girls out occasionally. They would take Beth too, after the girls told them she was hungry and broke.
Margie said, "She wasn't working then and was having a little trouble getting her trunk from her home. I let her take money for meals and other things.
"After staying with me for a month she went to live with a private family and when I left Hollywood in October, she said she was going down to San Diego because the weather in Los Angeles was getting too cold.
"Betty always had trouble with her health, especially her lungs, and I think that is why she went to Florida and California in the first place."
Margie and Beth moved out of the Hawthorne on September 20 and moved to the Figueroa Hotel in downtown Los Angeles with a friend, Sid Zaid. They stayed there until October 1.
Sid then took the two girls to Mark Hansen's house on Carlos Avenue in Hollywood on October 1, where they stayed until October 12.
Anne said that "Marjorie drank up all of Mark's liquor, so he kicked her out, so out Betty went too. I don't blame him."
Margie and Beth moved into the Guardian Arms apartments. Ann said the two girls went to "Bill Robinson's place, hotel apartments or something, on Hollywood Boulevard. I think they were gone about two or three weeks."
Bill Robinson and Marvin Margolis and the two girls all lived together until October 22, after which Margie returned to Cambridge.
Anne saw Beth and Margie once while they were living at the Guardian. Anne said they were sitting on the porch at Mark's house, possibly waiting for their mail to be delivered.
Beth moved back to Mark's later in October and stayed until November 13, when Beth got in a heated argument with another girl staying at the house. Mark told her find another place to stay.
After Margie returned to Cambridge, she was contacted by authorities. She told them that she had last seen Beth in October, and that it was her understanding that Beth was planning to marry a lieutenant on November 1, after his release from a hospital.
Margie said, "I worked nights out there, and she was always going out as I was getting up for breakfast."
"Betty had an inferiority complex and wanted to become a movie star to prove to her family that she could make good." She also said she was "very flighty and fickle."
"Betty went out with a different man nearly every night. She wore very startling clothes. On practically every date she had, she acted like a 16-year old on her first date. And she could never make up her mind who she was in love with. Practically every man she went out with was for the moment 'the man.'"
Margie also described Beth as "Good hearted" and "making friends easily."
Glynn Wolfe
Glynn Wolfe, the owner and operator of the Hotel Chancellor on Cherokee Avenue in Hollywood, was Elizabeth Short’s landlord when she lived in Apartment 501 in 1946.
Wolfe, nicknamed "Scotty," was born in Indiana on July 25, 1908. He was first married in 1932 when he still lived in Indiana. He was married and divorced four times by 1936. A judge asked him not to make his home town into a Hollywood, so “I went to Hollywood,” Wolfe said.
In 1948, Wolfe married Peggy Lou, but divorced her in Mexico in 1952. In 1954, he said, “I’ve had a bad experience since she left. I’ll give her half of the Chancellor Hotel if she comes back.”
Beth’s friend, Anne Toth, called Wolfe “one of the worst type.” She described him as a sexual pervert, maniac, everything. I hate him,” she said, “He even threatened to kill me once.” Anne said Wolfe “was putting four girls into a room, where there should have been two, for $5.00.”
In 1960, he had four ex-wives living at the Chancellor. The same year he was jailed after one of twelve of his ex-wives accused him of beating her.
Wolfe, who preferred young women, once said that “You have to spank them once in a while, but after they’re tamed they make wonderful wives. He said his twelve wives were all teenagers “because they’re happy that they don’t have to work, and they don’t make demands. He said they eventually left him when they get “fidgety and want to run loose. And you can’t hold anybody if they don’t want to stay.”
Bonnie Lee Bakley, married nine times before marrying actor Robert Blake, claimed to have been Wolfe’s 26th wife.
According to the Guinness World Records, Glynn Wolfe was “world’s most married man.” His last wife, Linda, holds the “record for being the most married woman in the world,” with 23 marriages. By the time of his death in 1997, Wolfe had been married 29 times.
Betty Bersinger
Discovered the body
Betty Bersinger was the first person to discover the body of Elizabeth Short on Norton Avenue on January 15, 1947.
She told police her story eight days later after she made herself available for questioning at the University Police Station.
According to the Los Angeles Examiner, she recounted the morning to investigators:
"I was walking with my little 3 year old daughter, Anne, at about 10:45 a.m. the morning of January 15.
"We were going south on Norton avenue to the Leimert Park section, where I was going to have Anne's shoes repaired.
"As we passed that vacant lot between 39th street and Coliseum avenue, I saw the body about a foot or two from the sidewalk. It was lying face up- and I could see it was cut in two.
"I was so shocked and scared and so worried my little girl would see it, that I gathered her up in my arms and ran to the nearest house- it was a doctor's I think.
"After asking to use the phone, I telephoned the police. I don't recall whether I told the policeman with whom I talked that the body was cut in two. And I'm sure I didn't say whether it was a man or woman.
"But I told him exactly where it was and said there was a body there. I didn't say anything about thinking it was a man or that it was a drunk.
"My little girl didn't see the body. I made sure she wouldn't. I'm glad she didn't. We don't talk about the case in front of her."
Elvera French
Beth Short overstayed her welcome at the French family home.
Dorothy French, a cashier at a San Diego movie theater, invited the homeless girl to stay with her mother, younger brother and herself until she got on her feet. The visit lasted a month, and mother and daughter were anxious for her departure.
Elvera described Beth as "depressed and moody." She told detectives Gerald Walk and Ed Stotler, "I had a premonition Miss Short was in trouble. She was so silent and sullen over her inability to find employment. Too, she was unwilling to discuss her past other than to say she came from Hollywood."
"When I read newspaper account of the slaying , I was confident Miss Short was the victim.
Before Beth left San Diego, she borrowed a dollar from the Frenches and gave a hat and veil to Elvera as a gift.
Jack Egger
CBS Usher
According to Jack Egger, head usher at C.B.S studios in Hollywood, he saw Elizabeth Short alive in Hollywood in early January, 1947.
John F. Egger was born on July 27, 1927 and began work at the Columbia Broadcasting System in Hollywood in March, 1941. He went into the armed services in June, 1945 and returned to C.B.S. in October, 1946. He stayed until June, 1948.
Newspaperman and television producer Pete Noyes said, "before he became a cop," Egger "worked security at the Florentine Gardens." In January, 1947, Jack Egger lived under the roof of his father, Frank Egger, at 1768 North Las Palmas, two blocks from the Chancellor Apartments.
By February, 1950, during the district attorney investigation of the Black Dahlia murder, he was working at the Hall of Justice in Los Angeles and was involved in the investigation. He told Lt. Frank Jemison that he saw Elizabeth Short "at least twenty times" while he worked at C.B.S.
Investigators asked him about the day that Elizabeth Short and a man he identified as a Chicago policeman visited C.B.S. to see the Jack Carson radio program. Egger said he remembered viewing the badge, saying it was definitely a Chicago badge, but he couldn't remember if it was a shield or a star badge.
Egger said Beth and the man were waiting in the patio area, not in line. James Neemo, an usher who worked under Jack Egger, brought the two to him. He admitted both into the studio without tickets as a courtesy.
Lt. Jemison asked Egger if he could recall the exact date he saw the two. Egger said he was sure it was in January, because he was home sick in bed on New Years Eve and he admitted them days later. After checking the dates of the Jack Carson program, he stated the show was broadcast on Wednesdays. At first, he believed it to be January 8, but after questioning he said it could have been on January 2.
Egger was shown photographs to see if he could identify the man with the badge. He initially identified Dr. Patrick S. O'Reilly, but after he saw O'Reilly in person, he changed his mind.
Jack Egger described the Chicago policeman as 5'10", 180 pounds, in his early forties, with receding hair, "between dark and gray."
"Captain Jack" Egger continued a career in law enforcement, eventually becoming Captain of Police in the Beverly Hills Police Department and later Director of Studio Protection for Warner Brothers.
Jack Egger died on March 3, 2010. He was living in Studio City at the time.
Lola Titus
On July 15, 1949, two and a half years after the murder of Elizabeth Short, Mark Hansen was back in the news. Strip tease artist and taxi dancer, Lola Titus knocked on Hansen's front door in Hollywood.
At some point, after he let her in, she took out a hand gun and shot Hansen in the back while he was shaving in his bathroom.
Hansen survived, but while being taken to the hospital, he called out for "Brown" to be called.
Several months later, a memorandum was issued by investigators, in an effort to explain "Brown's" identify:
"Relative to Lola Titus, Mark Hansen was a victim of an ADW attach by a shooting which is of public knowledge. Mark Hansen had knowledge that Sgt. Brown, Homicide Division, had information relative to the record of Lola Titus and other information regarding her. While en route to the hospital in an ambulance he requested the ambulance attendants that "Brown" be called. He did not designate at the time by first name which Brown he wanted.
It has been ascertained that Hansen's motive in calling for "Brown" was that he was the officer in the police department most qualified in relation to Lola Titus to conduct an investigation into the circumstances. It was pure conjecture in filling in the details by persons unaware of the facts that caused the false rumor to circulate that Hansen had called for Thad Brown.
It has further been ascertained that Hansen was calling for Sgt. F. A. Brown and his motives in so doing were the same as any reasonalbe man would have displayed under like circumstances. Homicide Division was contacted by the persons of whom Hansen had made the request to see "Brown." Since at that time much work had been done in connection with Hansen as a possible suspect in the Short case or as having more information than he revealed, it was felt that Sgt. Brown would be the officer to whom Hansen would most likely make any statement.
Sgt. Brown was off duty on the day in question and attemptes [sic] were made by Homicide Division whether Sgt. Brown's neighbors could contact him. Contact could not be obtained and Chief Brown felt that since he was the brother of Sgt. Brown he would be the next best substitute for Hansen to relate any information he might desire to give in connection with the Short case. Chief Brown, therefore, went to the bedside of Mark Hansen under the impression that Hansen was seriously injured and had some statement to make. Chief Brown found that Hansen's motive in calling was as heretofore stated, that is that Sgt. Brown knew Lola Titus' background, etc.
Previous to this shooting incident Chief Brown had been furnished information by Sgt. Brown regarding Lola Titus and had seen a picture of her. Shortly after leaving the hospital chief Brown placed Lola Titus under arrest on a charge of assault with intent to commit murder.
At the time of this occurrence Thad Brown was Commander of the Patrol Bureau which handles all divisional vice activities of the police department. Since the information regarding Lola Titus previous to the assault on Mark Hansen had been in connection with vice activities in the Hollywood Division this information had been transmitted to the commander in charge of these operation."
Candle Wax & Take Out
Four days after Elizabeth Short's body was found on Norton Avenue, investigators discovered two partially burned candles among her belongings retrieved from a locker at the Greyhound bus station in downtown Los Angeles. According to newspaper accounts, shortly after the murder, detectives "learned that she always carried a candle in her purse and was in the habit of melting the wax when she retired to the powder room in night clubs."
Beth's girl friends were interviewed and asked about the candles. Former Hotel Chancellor roommate Sheryl Hoagland said, "Beth would take a candle and melt it. Then she’d drop the hot wax into the cavities of her teeth. This would remove all the dark tops of the teeth.”
Captain Jack Donahoe, learning of the habit, directed an investigation of all clubs in Hollywood where Beth was known to have been. Attendants were questioned regarding a patron melting wax in the ladies' room. The Biltmore Hotel was the first site that was checked.
At roughly the same time, a "flying squad of plainclothesmen" was ordered to canvass the harbor area in search of a "polite young man" who tried to rent a room with a private bath at three different establishments. Donahoe also sent police to the San Pedro-Lomita area in search of the man.
Captain Donahoe surmised that the killer may have held his victim in a shack on the edge of the city. He said, "If the girl was held prisoner during the few days before her death, and we have reason to believe she was, it was probably in an outlying shack where the killer would be unable to do any cooking. We are checking all eating places outside the city in an effort to get a line on any suspicious persons who took out meals from Jan. 9 to 14."
Besides checking motels on the outskirts of Los Angeles, the idea that a trailer was used to hold Beth during the missing days was also considered. A newspaper article reported a theory developed by the police that, "Although they believe that the slaying and mutilation took place in an isolated dwelling, they have not ruled out the possibility that the murder scene was a trailer parked in some outlying spot.
"It was pointed out that the mobility of the trailer would provide the brutal slayer with an unsuspected means of flight from the city."
N. T. G.
Nils T. Granlund
While many Black Dahlia researchers think of Mark Hansen when they hear of the Florentine Gardens, it was show promoter and producer, Nils T. Granlund that audiences associated with the club. Granlund, better known to Broadway and Hollywood audiences as "N.T.G.", and to friends as "Granny," operated the floor shows at the Florentine Gardens during the 1940's.
He was born in Sweden in 1890 and is credited with being the inventor of the modern cabaret or nightclub. His career in show business began in 1912 when Marcus Loew personally hired him to promote his stage show "Hanky Panky." Granlund had a 45 year career in show business. He referred to himself "as press agent, radio broadcaster, vaudeville impresario, and producer of night-club shows from Texas Guinan's blistering bistro to the Flamingo in Las Vegas." He either discovered or was instrumental in making famous such legends as Ruby Keeler, Ruby Stevens (Barbara Stanwyck), Clara Bow and Lucille LaSuer (Joan Crawford).
Granlund was a sailor and newspaper reporter in New England in his youth. As a reporter, he and Damon Runyon, Walter Winchell and Mark Hellinger were fast friends. Granlund once wrote of his nightclub days in New York: "Before this new industry was two years old I had produced a dozen or more shows in competing cabarets. At one time I operated in six different clubs simultaneously and all of these places were owned by gangsters." In the 1920's, when flashy nightclubs were the biggest entertainment in New York, Granny provided the girls for Ziegfeld's Follies, Earl Carroll's Vanities and George White's Scandal.
After providing the talent for so many others, Granny finally opened his own nightclub in New York on Broadway at 48th Street. It has been credited as being the first modern nightclub and was the model for all that followed. He opened the Hollywood Restaurant shortly after the repeal of the 18th Amendment and introduced a new era in supper clubs. One of his early discoveries was Harriet Hilliard, who later married Ozzie Nelson. The New York Daily Mirror wrote, "N.T.G. is the conceiver, inventor, and creator of modern night life. The Hollywood was the daddy of practically every cabaret in the business today."
In 1940, when Granlund began his association with the Florentine, Earl Carroll's nightclub and restaurant on Sunset Boulevard was the classy address. Granny once said, "the owner of the Florentine at this time was Frank Bruni, and the joint was flooded with red ink. He propositioned me to bring a show into the place and try to put it on its feet. It was a challenge, and the kind I have never been able to resist."
"The Florentine had never enjoyed a very high reputation. One reason, which seemed obvious to me, was the fact that the management would never pay salaries that would attract high-class entertainment."
"I agreed to go into the Florentine Gardens for six weeks, just to see what could be done. The six weeks stretched to six months to five years before I finally left. And in that time it made a $1,000,000 net profit."
In 1944, the nightclub was charged with hiring two 15 year old girls, the Stull sisters, Jean and Dean. Sugar Geise, wife of Walter Morgan, of the D.A.'s office and vice squad, was the lead girl in the Florentine Gardens when N.T.G. ran the shows. She said, "Nils only hired pretty girls. If you were beautiful and could move, that's all you needed." Sugar once said, "Listen, if I wrote a book I'd have to leave town."
The names of Anne Toth and Elizabeth Short are never mentioned among the showgirls at the Florentine. Anne, who was acting and modeling at the time, had a connection through Mark Hansen. Elizabeth Short also had the connection, but seemed to lack ambition or interest.
He put the Mills Brothers in the cabaret lounge off the dining room and soon moved them to the main stage when their popularity rose. He soon hired bandleaders Ozzie Nelson and Paul Whitman and entertainers Sophie Tucker and Harry Richman.
Granlund and Milton Berle did a comedy routine together in New York in the 1920's. In the 1940's, when both were living in California, Berle called up Granny and said he wanted to hold his wedding reception at the Florentine Gardens. By this time, both were established performers, but they ran through some of their old material at the reception.
Showgirls were his specialty and in the 1940's he had a chorus line that included future stars, Yvonne De Carlo, Marie McDonald, Gwen Verdon, Lili St. Cyr and Jean Wallace. The main dining room seated 600 customers, and with Granlund's expertise, the club was filling up most nights.
In 1946, the year Beth Short came to Hollywood, Granlund was the announcer for "You're in the Act," a CBS radio program that broadcast five days a week from the Florentine Gardens. He made three movies during the 1940's, including "Rhythm Parade, filmed largely at the Florentine. He also played himself in "Goin' to Town" and "Take it Big."
Granny's wife, Rose Wenzel, was an early Skouras brothers star in their St. Louis theater. The brothers went on to become the owners of more theaters than any other outfit in the world. They kept up with N.T.G. and Rose through the years.
After his engagement at the Florentine, N.T.G. continued his career in Las Vegas. In 1949, Moe Sedway hired him to set up shows at the Flamingo. In 1950, Granlund made his television debut in "Backstage with N.T.G."
Seven years later, in 1957, he died in Las Vegas after his taxi was hit by another car on the Strip near the Riviera Hotel. His body was claimed by former Florentine showgirl and friend, Yvonne De Carlo.
- Gus Topley
Skouras & van der Steen
Charles Skouras
When Frank Jemison interviewed Bernardus van der Steen, his wife and others, in connection with the opening of the Crest Theatre in Long Beach, the topic was murder and the suspect was Mark Hansen.
Charlie Skouras, one of the Skouras brothers who had a chain of theaters dating back to the early days of film, went on to become head of Fox Coast West in 1950. The night of the opening, he threw a party at the Hilton Hotel in Long Beach, where Mark Hansen sat with the van der Steens and others.
For a time, it was believed that the party was held within a day or two of the murder, but the facts disclosed another date, January 24, 1947. Hansen came with a male guest, who van der Steen described as an associate of Hansen's in the theater business.
The party was officially over at 2 am, but guests stayed another hour or so. Ernest Glaser, Catering Manager of the Hilton Hotel, said there were about 200 guests in all. He supplied the investigators with the name of the photographer assigned to the opening so they could review pictures of attendees.
Hansen spent the night at the van der Steens in Redondo Beach. It took them about an hour or more to drive from Long Beach to Redondo Beach, due to a heavy fog that rolled in about 10 pm on the night of the 24th.
When records showed that the party was held later than originally thought, investigators reached another dead end. However, Mr. van der Steen said that Hansen had been a dinner guest at his home three or four times. The other dates were not established, but Hansen did bring one or more guest with him in the past.
Anne Toth's boyfriend, Leo Hymes, said he had been puzzled about Hansen going to van der Steen's around the time of the murder. He did not mention the party or the theater opening, but, he did say Hansen called that night and said he was not returning home. Hymes said it was days just before or just after the murder.
On February 11, 1947, van der Steen made his last investment in the Florentine Gardens. He said that, "everyone as a rule came to see me; they wanted me to buy into - and wanted me to operate the Florentine Gardens. I bought an interest in the Florentine Gardens." At the time, van der Steen was Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Pig 'n Whistle.
~ Courtesy alteredplans
Magic is the Moonlight
When Beth Short arrived in Los Angeles in 1946, Hollywood was not only the movie and radio capital of the world, but it also captivated audiences with live entertainment.
Earl Carroll's and the Florentine Gardens staged floor shows with name entertainers and chorus girls. The Hollywood Palladium featured big bands and a huge dance floor. The Hollywood Canteen was built exclusively for the entertainment of servicemen.
In the same neighborhood, on Vine Street, between Hollywood Boulevard and Sunset Boulevard, Tom Breneman's Breakfast in Hollywood broadcast radio programs before live restaurant audiences.
Beth Short, according to a soldier she met in Los Angeles in September, 1946, accompanied him to Tom Breneman's, where she was apparently well known. The soldier remarked that there was a line outside, but when they opened the door, the head waiter greeted her and escorted them to a table. The soldier also said that all the waiters seemed to know her.
Breneman's program was such a success that a movie was made called "Breakfast in Hollywood." Actress Bonita Granville, famous for her role as Nancy Drew in films, was the star, along with Breneman. Other featured players included, Beulah Bondi, Zasu Pitts, Spike Jones and Nat "King" Cole.
Andy Russell, a handsome young singer from Boyle Heights in East Los Angeles, and a popular recording artist, was featured in the movie, singing his hit, "Magic is the Moonlight."
Beth’s Hollywood in Color
NBC Studios
Tom Breneman's
Hollywood & Cahuenga
Hollywood & Vine
Vine Street
Looking south towards Hollywood and Vine
Hollywood Boulevard, 1946
Looking west towards Highland
Hollywood & Vine, Christmas 1946
Now playing at the Pantages: The Jolson Story
Hollywood & Highland, Christmas 1946
Now Playing at the Paramount: Blue Skies
Melody Lane
Sardi's
Sunset and Vine
NBC Radio City
Earl Carroll's
Sunset, Near Vine
Late 1940's
1940’s Los Angeles
Greyhound Terminal
S.W. L.A. Housing Tract
Crenshaw Manor
1947 Housing Tract
Norton Avenue
Read all about it...
"Your devotion is my most precious possession. Darling, how many lips have joined with yours since ours last met? Sometimes I go crazy when I think of such things."
- Gordon Fickling
"No, in fact,. she talked very little on the way in to Los Angeles and I wasn’t in a very talkative mood. I don’t know what was the matter with her. It didn’t make any difference to me. I was just glad to get rid of her.”
- Red Manley, Chapter 12
"Didn't Beth Short at one time or another indicate to you at least she wasn't fond of queer women, did she indicate that to you?"
- Lt. Jemison
"No, she always made the statement, very queer people in this town, queer people, referring to both men and women I guess. That is the only thing referring to queers that she ever mentioned, but I doubt it very much. Why did she go through the trouble of wearing falsies and all that, to attract a queer lesbian, because either they go for you or don't go for you, they don't care if you haven't any shape. As far as that goes, in my estimation, I think she was definitely out to attract men. I can't see anyway of her wanting to atract a woman, because I would definitely notice it. I have been around enough to notice it in this town -- I would notice it."
- Anne Toth
"I have no right to preach to you, Gordon darling, but you are missing so much of life. I know, though that you'll be happy some day soon, darling."
- Beth to Gordon Fickling
Anne Toth Interview
Anne Toth
In the first place, she didn't drink, she didn't smoke, because after all, living with her. I knew. and she always came in at a decent hour, 11 o'clock, or around there. She never came in later than that, and naturally if she was supposed to be sexy and do other stuff, there is a lot more that goes to it, rather than if a decent girl~ there is drinking, smoking, wining and dining, and a few other things that go with it. I don't think she was trying to be sexy ~ in a very innocent way (trying to put on glamour). In a plain way. Nothing malicious about her.
Muriel Short Interview
Beth's sister, Muriel said, "Mama had a premonition. Mama came home from work very tired and went to bed right after supper, but around midnight she woke with a cold chill. Mama told me she felt as if the blanket had been yanked off the bed. She went over to the window thinking maybe the wind had blown it off, but the windows were closed. Mama said she got a strange feeling. She knew something was wrong, that something had happened to Bette."
Lynn Martin Interview
aka Norma Lee Myer
There are a lot of girls in Hollywood who could end up like Beth Short...Hollywood draws them from all over the country.
Hollywood is a lonely place when you come into it without home ties or friends and very little money. There are few places for a lonely girl to go except into a bar.
Girls pick each other up in a store or a bar and start rooming together like old friends. It doesn't matter if they don't know anything about each other. It's somebody to talk to and share the rent with- like Beth and Marjorie and I. Sharing rent means more money for something to eat or a new pair of shoes.
Even more important than food sometimes is having makeup and being able to keep your hair looking good, because if you look good, you can always get a man to buy you a thick steak, some French-fried potatoes and a cup of coffee. Nothing ever tastes so good- at first. But the guys you pick up all insist you order steak or chops, and you get so sick of meat- meat all the time, and after awhile you can hardly get it down.
You don't drink at first, because you don't like liquor. You don't like the taste. But you drink because when you're on a date in a bar you have to order something, and when you're out on a date the first thing is always a couple of drinks- and then a couple of drinks.
You're always lonely in Hollywood, even when you're out with people. They don't belong to you- those people. None of them really care what happens to you. Lots of times you can hardly stand the man you're with, but you can forget about that after a few drinks.
Lots of times the girls talk to each other about getting out of Hollywood and starting all over again. They're going back home, or they're going to get married to someone. Down in the heart of all of them is sort of a hazy dream about a husband and a house and a baby.
They talk about it, and they dream about it, but somehow they almost never do it. This life is like a drug. You can't give it up. It's not like having a nine to fiver. They can sleep late if they want- they're on their own time. And if they have family back home, they never want their families to know what kind of life they're leading- so if they write home, they make up stuff.
Most of the girls are pretty innocent and well meaning at first. The road downhill is gradual. They know their life isn't right, but after a while you take the easiest way.
Sooner or later they become pregnant, and many of them resort to an illegal operation- and sometimes some of them end like Beth Short.
The Jewel Room
Elizabeth Short was said to have left the Biltmore Hotel on Olive Street between 9:45 pm and 10:00 pm on January 9, 1947. Reports indicated she may have been seen down the street at the Crown Grill at Olive and 8th later that evening.
The bartender on duty that night was Sam Slott. He and the other bartenders, Paul Sales and "Mack" Mahaley, were scheduled to be interviewed as part of the 1949 grand jury investigation. It was reported that Elizabeth Short had a drink at the Crown Grill, or Jewel Room, as it was also called, that night.
Chris Anaya, a waitress that started working at the Crown Grill after the death of Elizabeth Short, told investigator James F. McGrath that she heard from fellow employees that Beth was a customer. She was seen in the company of a "beautiful redhead," a waitress named Kay Graham, and a blonde girl called June Pina, McGrath said.
According to McGrath, Anaya also said she heard that the three of them "spent several nights at a hotel situated just above this cocktail bar known as the Olive Hotel."
At the time of the grand jury investigation, the hotel records did not indicate a room had been occupied by any of the three women; however, McGrath stated the records were in poor condition and further checking was scheduled.
McGrath also said in his report that, "Miss Anaya stated that she had also heard that the victim hung around a bar in Hollywood, located near the Paramount Theater."
"When you mentioned marriage in your letter, Beth, I got to wondering about that myself.
"Seems like you have to be in love with a person before it's a safe bet. Infatuation is sometimes mistakenly accepted for true love which can never be.
"Love lingers on if properly nurtured, while infatuation is soon dispelled through adverse circumstances.
"I know whereof I speak, because my ardent love soon cooled off and left me wondering how I could have felt that way at all.
~ Stephen Wolak
"Darling your request impossible at this time, other obligations have me against a wall. Try to make other arrangements. I'm concerned and sorry, believe me.
"Honey, I'm terribly sorry about that wire you sent. Couldn't raise the money on that short notice. Glad you managed O.K. I want that picture of you very much."
~ Gordon Fickling
"Your letter took me completely by surprise. Yes, I've always had the feeling that we had a lot in common and that we could have meant a lot to each other had we only been together~"
~ Paul Rosie
"I'll never regret coming west to see you. You didn't take me in your arms and keep me there. You had a great deal on your mind and I was just an extra burden."
~ Beth to Gordon Fickling
"You say in your letter you want us to be friends, but from your wire you seem to want more than that.
Are you really sure just what you want? Why not pause and consider just what you're coming out here to me would amount to?
"In your letter you mentioned a ring from Matt. You gave no further explanation. I really don't understand. I wouldn't want to interfere."
She spent all of her time "running around when she was supposed to be keeping house for me. I made her leave."
~ Cleo Short
"I didn't want anything to do with her or any of the rest of the family then. I was through."
L.A. City Officials
Mayor: Fletcher Bowron
District Attorney: William E. Simpson
District Attorney Chief Investigator: H. Leo Stanley
District Attorney Investigator: Frank B. Jemison
District Attorney Investigator: Walter Morgan
LAPD Chief of Police: Clemence B. Horrall1941-1949
LAPD Interim Chief of Police: William Worton1949-1950
LAPD Chief of Police: William H. Parker1950-1966
Chief of Detectives: Thaddeus Brown
Chief of Homicide, Central Division: Jack Donahoe
Detective Sgt., Central Division: Harry Hansen
Detective, Central Division: Finis Brown
D. A. Suspects
The district attorney’s office identified 22 suspects in the murder of Elizabeth Short. The list included half a dozen doctors, medical students, a “queer woman surgeon,” soldiers, working men and con men, and a night club impresario. The field was wide open.
(1) Carl Balsiger:
In late 1946, Carl Balsiger’s residence was listed as 7424 W. Sunset Boulevard, near Gardner Street in West Hollywood.
He said he met Beth Short on December 6 at a real estate office on Sunset Boulevard and drove her to Camarillo, about 40 miles northwest, where he had business. He claimed that he brought her back to Hollywood the same day and that he checked her into a hotel on Yucca Street. Balsiger said he drove her to the bus station in Hollywood, where she was to catch a bus to the bay area on December 7.
Balsiger was from a “nice” family in Kansas City, according to the district attorney records, and worked as a salesman for Marwyn Dairy at the time of the murder. He also sold flour and syrup.
(2) Claude Welsh:
It is unknown if this suspect knew Elizabeth Short.
(3) Sergeant “Chuck”:
The last name of this suspect is unknown;There is a Camp Cooke connection with Elizabeth Short.
(4) John D. Wade:
Wade had a Crown Grill connection with Elizabeth Short.
(5) Joe Scalise:
Joe Scalise worked at the Crown Grill across the street from the Biltmore on January 9, 1947. Two other employees said they saw Elizabeth Short there that night.
(6)James Neemo:
James Neemo was an usher that worked at the CBS studios in Columbia Square on Sunset Boulevard near Vine Street. He worked directly under head usher John Egger. Egger said he saw Beth “at least twenty times” at the radio studio. She always came alone, except once when she was with a man who identified himself with his badge as a Chicago police officer. Beth usually waited in line to see a broadcast, but this time she was allowed in with the man through a side door as a courtesy to the officer. He said she came to see the Jack Carson show on either January 2 or January 8.
(7) Maurice Clement:
Clement worked at Columbia Studios at the time of the murder. He lived in Hollywood at 1616 N. Normandie, apartment 107. His name was found in Elizabeth Short’s address book.
(8) Unknown Chicago Police Officer:
A man accompanying Elizabeth Short to a radio program at CBS studios in January, 1947, showed a Chicago police badge to CBS employees. His identity was never established.
(9) Salvador Torres Vera:
Vera frequented Brittingham’s restaurant in Columbia Square, but it has never been confirmed that he knew Elizabeth Short.
(10) Dr. George Hodel:
Hodel lived at the Sowden House in Hollywood and had offices in downtown Los Angeles. His home was secretly wired for eavesdropping some time after the murder. It was never proved that he knew Elizabeth Short.
(11) Marvin Margolis:
Marvin Margolis and Bill Robinson visited Mark Hansen’s home “quite often,” according to Anne Toth. She said that Bill was Marjorie’s boyfriend, but on one occasion he attacked Beth. “This Bill Robinson tried to take advantage of her once and he slapped her in the face and threw her out of the car. She came home crying about that. I don’t think anyone else tried anything.”
Mark Hansen described Bill Robinson and Marvin Margolis, saying, “They had a lot of nerve, those two guys. Always had to chase them out.” Concerning Margolis, Hansen said, “Well, I didn’t pay much attention to his conversation. He was a windy blower. I had to ask him to leave there. I didn’t want him around.”
John Egger, who was 20 years old in January, 1947, described Beth to authorities, saying, “The thing sir, we always notice a girl like that, she was a striking girl, with that raven hair, blue sweater or pink sweater, she more or less became a legend and when we saw her with a man we paid more attention-.”
(12) Glynn Wolfe:
Anne Toth did not care for Glynn Wolfe. She described him as a “Lousy character. I would say. One of the worst type.” She said he was a “-sexual pervert, maniac, everything. I hate him. He even threatened to kill me once,” “because I was going to turn him over to the O.P.A. He was putting four girls into a room, where there should have been two, for $5.00.”
Wolfe, according to district attorney notes, lived two blocks south of Hollywood Boulevard.
(13) Michael Anthony Otero:
Otero was identified as being in the company of Elizabeth Short on December 6. 1946, prior to her departure for San Diego. He was the only known person to have been with Elizabeth Short at the Biltmore Hotel, before her return to Los Angeles on January 9, 1947. He was known as “the teacher” by Anne Toth, and his Spanish book was found among Beth’s belongings after her murder.
(14) George Bacos:
George Bacos was the head usher at the NBC studios, according to John Egger, the head usher at the CBS studios down the block. Egger said, “I don’t like him very well. He is very conceited; I just don’t care for him myself. Never very close to him, just speaking acquaintance.”
Bacos lived at 650 S. Maltman in Los Angeles on January 15, 1947. He picked up Beth one night when he had tickets for a radio show. He said he was going to take Lynn Martin, but she wasn’t home, so he asked Beth. They were too late when they got there, so he drove her out to the Sunset Strip, where, he said, they parked and talked for awhile before he took her home. He described her, saying, “She wore a black satin skirt with a sweater – a pink sweater. Always wore something in her hair.”
Bacos claimed he was not attracted to Beth and often stayed away from her.
“I used to see her with a lot of people. As a matter of fact, for my part I tried to avoid her as much as possible. I was new in radio and made contacts, and she dressed kinda cheaply, you know, too obvious and everything. It was best for me especially. Where you would see her most was around CBS I couldn’t afford to be seen with the wrong kind of people.”
He told investigators he had seen Beth about twelve times. Bacos was also a friend of George price, who had photographed Lynn in the nude. He said he frequented Brittinghams, the restaurant in Columbia Square.
(15) Francis Campbell:
Campbell was on duty at the Crown Grill the night of January 9, 1947.
(16) Queer Woman Surgeon:
Elizabeth Short may have made contact with a female abortionist in the San Fernando Valley. There is no positive identification of this person.
(17) Dr. Paul De Gaston:
DeCaston was identified as an abortionist who practiced under the alias, Dr. C. J. Morris in downtown Los Angeles. He was tried for murder in 1934 and served time for performing abortions. His name and address were found in Elizabeth Short’s address book after her murder.
(18) Dr. A. R. Brix:
A business card for Dr. Brix was found in the effects of Elizabeth Short after her murder. Dr. Brix said she visited his office once, inquiring about his charges for treatment of female trouble. He said she did not return.
(19) Dr. M. M. Schwartz:
Dr. Schwartz was located in the Cherokee Building on Hollywood Boulevard, less than two blocks from the Chancellor. Mark Hansen said he drove Elizabeth Short to Schwartz’s office. The Doctor said she was a patient of Dr. Faught, with whom he shared a nurse in the Cherokee Building.
(20) Dr. Arthur McGinnis Faught:
Dr. Faught, who died in 1949, treated Elizabeth Short for a problem with her Bartholin gland, a lubricating gland in the vagina. According to Dr. Schwartz, Dr. Faught had lanced the gland several different times.
(21) Dr. Patrick S. O’Reilly:
Dr. O’Reilly was a good friend of Mark Hansen and spent time at the Florentine Gardens. He was arrested and convicted of assault with a deadly weapon in the sever beating of his secretary in a motel.
(22) Mark Hansen:
According to Mark Hansen, it was Sid Zaid who first introduced him to Elizabeth Short, when he brought her to his home. “I didn’t know anything about the girl at all.”
Hansen said, “The last time I saw the girl was when I took her to the Chancellor Apartment over there. I never seen her since. She never showed up after she called up and say she was in San Diego.” She didn’t like the Chancellor, he said, and that women were attacking her there, indicating they were lesbians. He also said she didn’t like them.
Anne said that he thought Gordon Fickling was her killer. “He right away thought he was the one that did it. That is what he insisted upon.”
Anne said that Hansen had a vacancy at one of his rooming houses around the time of the murder. When asked by authorities later, he couldn’t recall if he did or not. They asked him, “Now, would you be willing to cooperate with the police department and the District Attorney’s office to the extent that you would permit the laboratory experts – crime lab of the police department to come out and check for blood in all the rooms of these two rooming houses?” Hansen replied, “Oh sure.”
In January, 1949, Conwell L. Keller, a LAPD officer and former gangster squad member, testified at the Black Dahlia investigation. He was asked, if he thought he had a pretty good suspect “in Hansen possibly?” Keller replied, “Yes. He is mixed into it somewhere.”
Female Suspects
"Police made a complete about face today in their efforts to find the torture-murderer of pretty Elizabeth Short, and began an intensive search for a woman, rather than a man, as the mutilator of the 'Black Dahlia.'
Former roommates of the strikingly beautiful 22-year-old girl were placed first on the list of those to be questioned. The decision to change all previous tactics of the week-long search came after a meeting of the city's top-ranking police officials which began last night and lasted well into the morning hours.
Prime suspect in the new drive is a girl roommate who disappeared Jan. 15, the day Miss Short's tortured and mutilated body, hacked in two, was found in a lover's lane.
Adding to the belief that the girl's slayer may have been a woman were two factors.
First, she was known to be in Los Angeles Jan. 9 without any luggage which would indicate she spent the week before she was killed with some woman who could provider extra clothing and makeup.
Second, police officials said they believed the killing followed a pattern of other horror-murders by women."
~ United Press,
Investigators asked those who knew Beth Short about lesbians, homosexuals or "queers," the term they used most often. They asked Anne Toth, didn't she "at one time or another indicate to you at least she wasn't fond of queer women, did she indicate that to you?" Ann replied, "No, she always made the statement, very queer people in this town, queer people, referring to both men and women I guess. That is the only thing referring to queers that she ever mentioned, but I doubt it very much."
They asked George Bacos, "Did you ever see her at any time talking to any queer women?" Bacos answered, "I don't believe I did, no."
They asked other witnesses similar questions, but were unable to make a connection. Anne, who found a place for Beth at the Chancellor, did not believe Beth was afraid of the women at the Chancellor. She said, When I first went there, there was an English nurse - or there was an English girl that worked at the Gotham, a nurse, two big Texans, two musicians, I think they were the ones that were dragged in for that narcotic thing. Betty called me and told me about it."
When investigators asked Anne if Beth was afraid "of those two Texans," Ann said, "She was afraid she might be implicated in it."
In Ann's estimation, "I think she was definitely out to attract men."
Hollywood Addresses Known to Elizabeth Short in 1946:*
6303 Hollywood Blvd6445 Hollywood Blvd
6611 Hollywood Blvd
1652 North Cherokee
1525 North Vine Street
1744 North Ivar Street
5309 Melrose Avenue
The 1157 North Western Ave.
* As reported in the Los Angeles Evening Herald Express
Elizabeth Short’s Known Hollywood Addresses
Brevoort Hotel
Chancellor of Hollywood
1842 N. Cherokee Ave.
Guardian Apartments
Mark Hansen's
6024 Carlos Wy.
Hawthorne Hotel
1946 Hollywood Boulevard Night Spots and Eateries
Blue Palm
Bradley's Five & Ten
Bole Inn
Chi Chi Hollywood
Circle H
Florentine Garden
Four Star Grill
Frolic Room
Gordon's Cocktail Bar
Gotham Cafe
Hollywood Spaghetti Kitchen
Hoosin's Barbeque
The Jade
Mayflower Restaurant
Melody Room
New York Cafe
Palm's Grill
Paramount Kitchen
Pig & Whistle
Ritz Restaurant
Seven Seas Cafe
Snow White Waffle Shop
Streets of Paris
The Susie Q
Victor's Kitchen
1946 Vine Street Night Spots & Eateries
Billy Berg's
1356 N. Vine St.
The Brown Derby
Hollywood Recreation Co.
It Cafe
Maison Gaston
1219 N. Vine
Mike Lyman's Hollywood Grill
Mom's Hot Dog's
Ontra Cafeteria
Tip's
Victory Spaghetti Kitchen
1640 1/2 N. Vine St.
Las Palmas Avenue Night Spots and Eateries
Mad House Cafe
1710 N. Las Palmas Ave.
Miss Ann's
Pep's Vesuvio Restaurant
Swing Club
Tasty Snack Bar
1946 Hollywood Boulevard Businesses
Barber of Seville
Betty Blanc & Co.
Jacques DuBois French Gift Shop
Cory's Beauty Shop
6912 1/2 Hollywood Blvd.
Deardon's
Donna's
Embassy Modes
Foreman and Clark
Garland's Shops
Grayson's
Greene's Ladies Ready to Wear
Han Co.
Hollywood Book Store
Hollywood Gun Shop
Hollywood Magic Shop
Mayfair Gift Shop
Hollywood Men's Shop
Hollywood Typewriter Shop
Joyce Frocks
Junior Bootery of Hollywood Blvd.
S. H. Kress 5-10 & 25c Stores
Laurin's
Leed's Shoe Stores
Lester's Children's Shoes
Mcintosh Studio Clothes
Mandel Shoes
Mattson's Hollywood Army and Navy Store
Mayson Stores
Mimi's
J. J. Newberry Co.
Nobby Knit
Peck's of Hollywood
Pickwick Book Shop
Sally Lee Jr. Misses Apparel
Santa Fe Railway Ticket Office
Satyr Book Shop
Ruth Shack
Simon's Suit Shop
Slenderellla of Hollywood
Southern Pacific Company Ticket Office
Sporty Knit Shop
Studio of Flowers
Studio Men's Shop
Western Art Shop
F. W. Woolworth 5-10 & 15c Stores
1946 Hollywood Boulevard Jewelry Shops
Antin's Jewelers
Carlyle's of Hollywood
Christie Diamond Palace
Davis Jewelers
Drake Jewelers
Griss Jewelers
Hollywood Gift Shop
Roger Holmes Jewelers
Kirman's Gift and Jewelry Shop
Kopman Jewelers
Lawson's Jewelers
Lloyd's Jewelry
Macy's Jewelry Co.
Mills Jewelers
Parker Jewelry Co.
Sallan Brothers
Schaffer Jeweler of Hollywood
Shaw's Jewelers
Mort Sillman Jewelry Shop
Strasburg's of Hollywood
Wm Stromberg
Waters Jewelers
Wentz Jewelry Store
1946 Hollywood Boulevard Theaters
55441/2 Hollywood Blvd.
The Chinese
The Egyptian
The Hawaii
The Hollywood
The Hollywood Music Hall
The Hunley
The Marcal
The News-View Newsreel
The Pantages
The Paramount
The Vogue
The Warner
1946 Movie Releases
The Blue Dahlia
The Jolson Story
Best Years of Our Lives
Three Strangers
The Dark Corner
The Razor's Edge
Ziegfeld Follies
Humoresque
The Yearling
Duel in the Sun
The Harvey Girls
Road to Utopia
Till the Clouds Roll By
A Night in Casablanca
Cluny Brown
Caesar and Cleopatra
The Postman Aways Rings Twice
The Strange Love of Martha Ivers
1946 Hit Parade
South America, Take it Away
The Old Lamp-Lighter
Aren't You Glad You're You
You Keep Coming Back Like a Song
I Don't Know Enough About You
Rumors are Flying
Oh What it Seemed to Be
They Say It's Wonderful
Laughing on the Outside
Five Minutes More
For Sentimental Reasons
Doin' What Comes Natur'lly
One-zy Two-zy
You'd Be So Nice to Come Home To
Let it Snow, Let it Snow, Let it Snow
Shoofly Pie and Apple Pan Dowdy
1946 Radio Programs
Abbott Mysteries
Academy Award Theatre
The Adventures of Ellery Queen
The Adventures of Maisie
The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet
The Adventures of Sam Spade
The Adventures of the Thin Man
The Al Jolson Show
The Amazing Nero Wolf
Amos 'n' Andy
Arthur Godfrey Time
Benny Goodman Show
Bing Crosby Show
Bob and Ray Show
Bob Crosby Show
Bob Hope Show
Breakfast in Hollywood
The Chase and Sanborn Hour
The Cisco Kid
The Dinah Shore Show
The Dorothy Lamour Show
The Eddy Duchin Show
The Edgar Bergen/Charlie McCarthy Show
Fibber McGee and Molly
The Fred Allen Show
The Fred Waring Show
The Freddy Martin Orchestra
The Great Gildersleeve
The Guiding Light
The Guy Lombardo Show
Hedda Hoppa
Helen Hayes Theater
Inner Sanctum Mysteries
Jack Armstrong the All American Boy
The Jack Benny Program
The Judy Canova Show
The Kate Smith Hour
Kraft Music Hall
Lum and Abner
Lux Radio Theatre
Ma Perkins
Major Bowes Amateur Hour
Milton Berle Show
Mr. and Mrs. North
Mr. District Attorney
Murder at Midnight
National Barn Dance
Nick Carter, Master Detective
Official Detective
One Man's Family
The Passing Parade
People are Funny
The Perry Como Show
Quiz Kids
Red Ryder
Rin-Tin-Tin
The Romance of Helen Trent
Roy Rogers Show
The Rudy Vallee Show
Terry and the Pirates
The Tommy Dorsey Show
True Detective Mysteries
The Voice of Firestone
Walter Winchell's Journal
Young Doctor Malone
Your Hit Parade
Yours Truly, Johnny Dollar
1946 New York Times Fiction Best Sellers
The King's General
This Side of Innocence
The Hucksters
B.F.'s Daughter
Notices & Documents
Gordon Fickling
Draft Card
Robert Manley
Marvin Margolis
George Bacos
Robert Granas
Michael Otero
James Nimmo
Leslie Dillon
Greyhound Baggage Receipt
Items retrieved by LAPD on January 19, 1947
Joseph Scalise, Suspect
Employment Document
Booking Photographs
Mrs. Virginia K. Manson, October, 1943
Ken Murray's Blackouts
1946 advertisement
Bradley's 5 and 10
Hollywood & Cherokee
Sunset Motel
5154 Sunset Boulevard
Marcal Theatre Special Pass
Mark Hansen, Proprietor
Jay Farber Associates
George Bacos's employer
New Aster Motel
$4 a Day, January, 1947
Hotel Brevoort
Hotel Brevoort listing
Hollywood Hotel Brevoort
Guardian Arms Sign
Leasing sign, 2009
Application for Erection
6024 Carlos Avenue
Application for Repairs
1842 N. Cherokee Avenue
Phoebe Mae Short
Robert Morris Manley
Photo by John W. Riley
Matt Gordon Jr
Photo by Phillip Roberts
Joseph Gordon Fickling
Mark Marinus Hansen
Hollywood, California
Citizen's Witness Plan
Norton & 39th
Hill's Street Guide, 1946
Beth Short's L.A.
Fun Map
Belongings & Artifacts
Camp Cooke Barracks
150 miles NW of Los Angeles
WW II Souvenir Pillow
From the Camp Cooke PX
Here is Dahlia's Belongings
Beth Short's personal effects
And abstract of record registry
1942 Blue and White
Medford High Yearbook
FBI Files
Daily Police Bulletin
Information Wanted
The Black Dahlia Files
District Attorney files
Leo-Joseph Ladies Hat
747 S. Hill St. L. A.
Leo-Joseph Ladies Hat Label
Jemison Memo
Re: Ann Toth
Chapter 15 ~ Marvin Margolis
“The next time there is a war, two of us are not going – the one who comes after me and myself.”
~ Marvin Margolis
Marvin Margolis, the young Navy veteran that Beth introduced as her cousin, was born in Chicago on March 25, 1925. As a child, Marvin was shy and introverted. He was afraid of dark closets, walked in his sleep up to age 14 and often threatened to run away from home.
After high school, Margolis signed up as a pre-med student at the University of Chicago. Just before his eighteenth birthday, he joined the Navy. He was in the Naval Medical Corps during his entire enlistment, for two years, four months and twenty-four days, beginning March 1, 1943. He served in the U.S. Naval training stations and hospitals in Illinois, Washington state and at Camp Pendleton in Oceanside, California. One psychiatric report from Illinois read in part,
“This subject is calm, quiet and a resentful individual who shows ample evidence of open aggression; has had trouble in adjusting himself to Navy discipline, has become resentful over this. He desired operating room technique which was never granted to him and this is one of the underlying bases for his resentment and disgust. A tension state has resulted and at present this man shows a lack of interest, aims and ability to concentrate. The content of thought shows a beginning hypochondriasis and self-seated resentment.”
After serving stateside for the first two years, he was shipped to the South Pacific, where he took part in the invasion of Okinawa on April 1, 1945. The massive battle, known as Operation Iceberg, lasted until mid June and resulted in the highest number of casualties in the Pacific Theater during World War II. The Allies wanted the island for an air base to begin the final assault on the mainland of Japan, less than 350 miles away. From April 1 until May 25, the Japanese conducted seven major Kamikaze attacks on the American Navy, involving more than 1,500 suicide missions.
Margolis served 65 days on the island under intense, unrelenting bombing and air attack. He was involved with setting up a medical station at an airport that was bombed and strafed by the Japanese air force for twenty nine days. At one point he was ordered to set up a hospital in the south. He worked day and night, with little sleep, caring for 1,500 patients. Soon after, he was sent to the front lines for two weeks. He administered aid to two companies with heavy casualties. He worked out of a cave, which gave way under heavy rains, and he was buried up to his neck in mud, unable to move. He worked himself free the next day. Afterwards, he was described as being “amnesic, emotional with depression and instability.”
Japan’s total losses in the battle of Okinawa exceeded 100,000, while Allied forces suffered 62,000 casualties. After his release, Margolis received disability pay. Three Naval doctors said his condition resulted from “neuroses resulting from being in [the] first landing group on Okinawa in April, 1945.” On September 16, 1946, Margolis was diagnosed as, “sullen, his personality is not pleasing, apathetic, inclined to sarcasm.”
Following the war, he settled in Los Angeles and signed up for pre-med classes at the University of Southern California. In October, 1946, Margolis, Bill Robinson, Beth Short and Marjorie Graham all shared an apartment at the Guardian Arms on Hollywood Boulevard for twelve days.
After the death of Elizabeth Short, the two male roommates were wanted for questioning. Authorities stated, “He and Bill Robinson were both reluctant informants.” They also said, “It should be noted further that this suspect, Marvin Margolis, is the only pre-medical student who ever lived as a boy friend with Beth Short.
On November 26, 1946, he married Edith Bernstein at 6331 West 6th Street in Los Angeles. By the end of the decade, Marvin Margolis had moved back to Chicago, fathered a son and found work in an auto supply company as a stock man.
In 1950, the Chicago Police Department concluded that, “Records at the office of the Secretary of Police were check and do not show anyone by the name of Margolis as ever applying for or receiving any Chicago Special Police Badge. The Chicago Police Department does not issue ‘Honorary’ badges.'” Marvin Margolis was suspected of being the Chicago policeman that accompanied Elizabeth Short to a radio broadcast in Hollywood.
In 1949, Deputy District Attorney Arthur L. Veitch, in the presence of grand jury members, asked Detective Harry Hansen:
I think it might be just as well to ask you a question which in itself would be directly leading, but you are aware, I presume, of the investigation with respect to the fact that within 60 days of her death, this girl roomed and stayed in the rooms of a medical student at U.S.C., Marvin Margolis, who entered U.S.C. in September of 1946, and whose first obligation under his entry was to dissect a human corpse, and that Marvin Margolis is now in Chicago and that a check-up is being made.
Hansen answered, “No, I am not. The name is very familiar.”
Veitch told them:
Let us affirm to each other, nothing that’s said in this room is said outside the walls of the room. If we do that, we might inadvertently, [allow] the culprit to escape punishment forever.
« previous chapter
and unidentified woman
Post Exchange (PX)
Camp Cooke 1942
Camp Cooke
Elizabeth Short in Florida
Unknown, Eddie, Beth
Beth and Marge Dyer
Beth Short
Marco Lodge
Goodland, Florida
The Beachcomer
Miami Beach, 1940's
The Beachcomber
Elizabeth Short in San Diego
The French Women
Elvera and Dorothy
Sam Nevara
"Red"
Sheldon's
Sgt. Donald "Ken" Blucher
San Diego Police Department
Lynn Martin
Linda Rohr
Linda Rohr, Marian Schmidt
Joesph Gordon Fickling
Long Beach, Hollywood
Mark M. Hansen
Drawing by Bob Moore
Dorothy French
Carl Balsiger
George W. Welsh, Jr.
Happy Couple on the Town
Tim Mehringer & Beth Short
WAC Sgt. Mary Stradder
Friend from Casmalia
Freelance photographer, 1947
"Duke" Wellington, left
Los Angeles Public Library Collection
Glynn "Scotty" Wolfe
Owner Hotel Chancellor
Robert R. Robertson & Elizabeth Short
Summer, 1946
Donald Leyes & Harold Costa
Hawthorne Hotel Friends, 1947
Ethel Richmond
Landlady, Hawthorne Hotel
Bob Granas
May 26, 1925-Sept.19, 2013
Bob Jennings
"He too knew Bette."
Unidentified Man
Photo found in Beth Short's trunk
Phyllis Jean Cyr
Toni Smith
Apartment 501, Chancellor
Caral Marshall
She "knew who killed Elizabeth Short"
The Shorts and Robert Manley
Sister, mother, suspect
Mark Hansen & Lola Titus
Deputy Sheriff & Doctor
Lola Titus with Thad Brown
The Lady in Gold, 1949
Clemence Horrall
Los Angeles Police Chief
Capt. Jack Donahoe
LAPD Robbery & Homicide
Harry Hansen
Finis Brown
Ed Barrett
LAPD Homicide Detective
Frank Jemison
Detective J. J. O'Mara
Dr. Frederick Newbarr
Chief Autopsy Surgeon, L.A. County
Ray Pinker
Chief Forensic Specialist
The 1949 Grand Jury
"Jigsaw John" St. John
Photo by Jane Howatt
FBI ID Division, 1947
Souvenir Photo Folders
The Clover Club
Miami Downtown, 1943
1710 N. Las Palmas
1710 N. Las Palmas Avenue
The Swing Club
The Florentine Gardens
Ace Caine's
1369 N. Wewstern Avenue
Ace Cain's
Western Avenue, Hollywood
The Hollywood Palladium
Club Morocco
1551 N. Vine Street
Club Zarape
Hollywood & Las Palmas
The Trocadero
Gay Way
514 So. Main Street
Hill Top Star Room
The Gaslights
Highland & Melrose
Biltmore Bowl
Biltmore Hotel
West & Dade, Miami Beach
Mammy's
Beth Short, now serving
Club Flamingo
1027 N. La Brea Ave. 1947
1027 N. La Brea Avenue
Gotham Delicatessen
Sofie Tucker
Florentine Gardens, 1947
Mayflower Shop
Musso & Frank
Pig Stand
Sunset Blvd & Vermont Ave
Carpenter's Drive-In
Vermont Avenue
St. Clair's Restaurant
Medford Cafe
Wursthaus
Rosedale Delicatessen
The Roney Plaza
Hitching Post, Casmalia
4 Star Grill
Steve Boardner's
Pign' Whistle
Tabu of Hollywood
Club Flamngo
La Brea Avenue, Hollywood
Equitable Building
Italian Kitchen
Jewel Room
Britingham's
The Gayway
Sam's Columbia Grill
Bar of Music
Mike Lyman's
Five Thirty Grill
The Torch Club
The Gotham
The Dresden Room
Dave's Blue Room
Gloria Hattenberg serving
Courtesy: Hansen Family
The Melody Lane
At Hollywood and Vine
Blue Palm Cafe
Hollywood near Gower
Larry Potter's Stardust
The Roosevelt Hotel
Sardi's Continental Cocktail Lounge
Hollywood near Vine
From Collins Park
Greetings from Vallejo
Postcard printed in 1943
Brittingham's Radio Center Restaurant
Columbia Square, Sunset Blvd
The Italian Kitchen
Hollywood & Vine, 1944
Show girls postcard
Los Angeles Union Station
Postcard mailed 1947
Thrifty Drugs
Post Office 1946
1615 North Wilcox Ave.
Hotel Chancellor
Glynn Wolfe, Owner & Operator
John F. Egger
Fine Food & Cocktails
Clubs & Restaurants
Harvard Square, 1950
Buddy La Gore, now serving
Club Flamingo & Granas Liquor
La Brea Avenue
El Zarape Site
Photo by Ed Ruscha, 1966 2905 Sunset Blvd
Frolic Room & Pantages Theatre
Hollywood & Argyle, 1944
Frank R. Bruni & N.T.G.
N.T.G Presents
N.T.G. Presents
Bradley's 5 & 10
Hollywood and Cherokee
Harry Carpenter's Drive-In
The Five Points
Harry Carpenter's
Sandwich sleeve
Marjorie Graham serving
Ticket June 14, 1946
Ticket November 30, 1946
Steve Boardners
1652 Cherokee Ave.
The Cocktail
at the Biltmore
The Gallery Bar Black Dahlia
Biltmore Hotel Los Angeles
8th & Olive Los Angeles, 1946
Beth's snapshots
Apartments and Hotels
321-C West Montecito St.
Mecca Motel, San Diego
The Biltmore Hotel
Olive Street
Brevoort Front Door
Hotel Brevoort Arch
Lexington Avenue
Chancellor Hotel
Cherokee Avenue
Chancellor Apartments
The Guardian Arms
Guardian Arms Studio 726
Photo Credit: Waylon Jordan
Los Angeles, 1942
Cleo Short's Apartment
2901 South Figueroa
M & M Motel
M&M Motel
Lynn Martin's Address
La Bonita Motel
Duke Wellington's Home
237 N. Niagara St. Burbank
George Price's Home
Circled in red
Mark Hansen's Neighbor
Blackstone Hotel
Chicago, 1940's
Studios & Theaters
NBC Radio City Studios
CBS Studios
The Marcal Theatre
El Capitan Theatre
Crest Theatre, Long Beach,1947
Sunset Blvd
Sunset & Vine
Frolic Room, Pantages Theatre, Italian Kitchen
Max Factor, Hollywood
LAPL Herald Examiner Collection
Pico & Los Angeles
Fletcher Bowron Site
Los Angeles Mayor 1938-1953
Searching for Beth's Purse
H. W. Anderson, Foreman, L.A. Bi-Products Corp at the dump
Evidence Search
Items Sent to Newspapers
Elizabeth Short's Belongings
Greyhound Bus Locker Items
Beth's mother
Virginia Short, 1938
Oldest sister
Dorothea Short, 1940
Second oldest sister
Middle sister
Eleanora "Nony" Short
Second Youngest Daughter
Muriel Short, 1946
Youngest sister
Short Sisters, January, 1947
Eleanor, Muriel, Dorothea
Hollywood & the Movies
1539 North Vine Street, 1946
Smash-Up
Anne Toth, seated middle.
Anne Toth, far left
Smash-Up, U. A., 1947
Ed Alinder Collection
Movie Nightclub
Jolson Story
Chapter 1 ~ “Medford High’s Deanna Durbin”
Chapter 2 ~ The Hawthorne Hotel Crowd
Chapter 3 ~ Anne Toth
Chapter 4 ~ Mark Hansen
Chapter 5 ~ The Carlos Avenue House
Chapter 6 ~ Hollywood
Chapter 7 ~ Leo Hymes
Chapter 8 ~ The Chancellor Neighborhood
Chapter 9 ~ The Frolic Room & The Crown Grill
Chapter 10 ~ Harry Hansen
Chapter 11 ~ Drive-Ins & Hangouts
Chapter 12 ~ Art Richman
Chapter 13 ~ The Lady in Red
Chapter 14 ~ The Two Time Loser
Chapter 16 ~ San Diego Round Trip
Chapter 17 ~ Robert “Red” Manley
Chapter 18 ~ Aggie Underwood & Red Manley
Chapter 19 ~ The Biltmore
Chapter 20 ~ The Death of Elizabeth Short
Chapter 21 ~ Postmortem
Chapter 22 ~ Leads
Chapter 23 ~ 23 Clues
Chapter 24 ~ The Runaway
Chapter 25~ The Duke
Chapter 26 ~ Jimmy Richardson
Chapter 27 ~ George and Dorothy Hodel
Chapter 28 ~ Carl Balsiger
Chapter 29 ~ Leslie Dillon
Chapter 30 ~ The Aster Motel
Chapter 31 ~ Badge Number 1
Chapter 32 ~ Camp Cooke
Chapter 33 ~ Citizens Committee
Chapter 34 ~ The District Attorney Investigates
Chapter 35 ~ A Typical Day
Chapter 36 ~ Myth
Copyright © 2021 The Black Dahlia in Hollywood | part of the The Dial Murder Network | be good.
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U.S. / Social Justice Program
By Jorge Gutierrez
© Terrance Siemon
I have been doing community work for more than a decade now. It all started when I got involved with local undocumented immigrant youth in Orange County, California. Since then, l have worked on state and national immigrant and LGBTQ rights campaigns, and that work eventually led to my current position as executive director at Familia: Trans Queer Liberation Movement (Familia: TQLM). We are a national trans and queer Latinx grassroots organization, and we organize at the intersections of migrant justice, LGBTQ rights, and racial justice.
The current COVID-19 health crisis has deeply impacted our trans and queer Latinx and undocumented communities and the way our organizations engage our community in grassroots organizing across the country. We had to completely reassess our campaign and programmatic work in order to respond to the crisis and support our community with mutual aid efforts, resources, and connections to local health organizations and institutions. Familia: TQLM, like so many other organizations, had to move our grassroots organizing work to digital, and that has come with new opportunities and challenges. Our communities were already facing economic hardships due to racism, discrimination, and transphobia, and this pandemic has only heightened the fear, uncertainty, and economic challenges in people’s daily lives.
The pandemic has made it clear that we must continue to stay focused and not lose sight of the long-term work and vision to end capitalism, patriarchy, white supremacy, and protect our environment.
Part of the way we engage and continue to build people-power with our base has definitely changed so that we can, in the short term, support folks who have lost their jobs and are struggling to pay for rent, food, medical expenses, and other essential needs. Yet, the pandemic has made it clear that we must continue to stay focused and not lose sight of the long-term work and vision to end capitalism, patriarchy, and white supremacy, and to protect our environment. We are seeing that it is poor people, Black and Latinx people who are dying in higher numbers because of COVID-19. These are the same communities that will also face economic hardships the most as we continue through this health crisis. We cannot get stuck in the immediate and short-term strategies; the systems that are killing our people because they cannot get tested or treated on time are the same systems that are incarcerating, deporting, and killing Black, Latinx, and other people of color in this country.
Despite all these challenges, our members remain engaged in our campaign and organizing work to #EndTransDetention and #AbolishICE. Our community is inspired by the Black Lives Matter movement and its organizing power to take the streets to march and protest and demand for police budgets to be defunded and for that money to be invested in Black communities. Our members know that all of these injustices are not going to stop anytime soon so they know we must continue to adapt during this health crisis but continue to organize. No one organization, leader, or organizer has all the answers or knows how best to move forward through this pandemic, but we know that one winning strategy has been to organize and build people power for the long term. We must continue to organize our communities and resources in order to defund the police, abolish ICE, and reinvest that money and resources into Black, Latinx, and people of color across the country. Our communities need affordable housing, universal free healthcare, quality schools, jobs, and mental health services, and we must invest in our youth so that all of us can thrive and be our most authentic selves. ▅
Photo © Big Sky Film
Jorge Gutierrez (he/him/él)
Familia: Trans Queer Liberation Movement
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ADF to Italy: Rogue mayors have no authority to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples
news | Published on 22 Dec 2014 30 Sep 2020
ROME (22.12.2014)– Alliance Defending Freedom has sent the government of Italy a letter and legal memo regarding mayors who are disregarding Italian law and government orders by registering same-sex marriages performed abroad. Italy recognizes neither marriages nor civil unions between members of the same sex.
“Government officials should be held accountable to the laws they are sworn to uphold. Mayors throughout Italy have no authority to disobey explicit government orders and issue illegal marriage licenses,” said ADF Senior Legal Counsel Roger Kiska. “Italy has always recognized marriage as the union of one man and one woman. Mayors cannot take it upon themselves to disrespect both the law and the people of Italy.”
Mayors cannot take it upon themselves to disrespect both the law and the people of Italy.
In October, Italy’s Minister for the Interior Angelino Alfano issued an order for all prefects to annul registrations of same-sex marriage performed abroad since they have no basis in Italian law. Despite this order, a number of mayors continue to register these unions.
The ADF letter states that the mayors are “seeking to subvert proper judicial processes by acting outside of their given authority” and explains that “there is no international legal obligation requiring the recognition of these unions, nor the creation of ‘civil partnerships’ for same-sex couples. In fact, the European Court of Human Rights has repeatedly ruled precisely the opposite: that there is no right to same-sex marriage under the Convention.”
“Those taking part in these transcriptions have openly stated that this is part of an overall strategy to legalize same-sex ‘marriage’ by forcing the State to ‘[deal] with a growing number of problematic cases,’” the ADF legal memo further explains. “In reality, these cases are far from problematic: same-sex marriage is not legal in Italy and there is no legal requirement, either national or international, that requires the mayors or the central government to register unions created elsewhere.”
“Marriage expresses the reality that men and women bring distinct, irreplaceable gifts to family life, especially for children who deserve both a mother and a father,” added ADF Litigation Staff Counsel Robert Clarke. “Italy’s laws recognize this, and they cannot be wantonly ignored by government officials with a personal political agenda.”
Pronunciation guide: Kiska (KISH’-kuh)
ADF International is an alliance-building, non-profit legal organization that advocates for the right of people to freely live out their faith.
75th anniversary of the United Nations: “revitalize the human rights project”
NEW YORK (26 June 2020) – Today marks the 75th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations. ADF International holds a presence in New York and Geneva engaging on...
Published on 26 Jun 2020
Referendumul pentru căsătorie din România: 90 % sprijină căsătoria între un bărbat și o femeie
BUCUREȘTI (8 October 2018) – Acum mai bine de doi ani, trei milioane de cetățeni români au sprijinit...
Published on 08 Oct 2018
Problematic judgment in same-sex marriage case undermines national law
LUXEMBOURG (5 June 2018)–On 5 June 2018, the Court of Justice of the EU ruled in the case of Coman and others: "The decision of the Court of Justice of...
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Transracial & Transcultural Adoption With Alexis Oberdorfer
Preservation, Policy, and a Personal Perspective
Deirdre Parker December 19, 2020
According to the Child Welfare Information Gateway, transracial or transcultural adoption means placing a child who is of one race or ethnic group with adoptive parents of another race or ethnic group. Entering into the adoption community myself, I admit that even my opinion of transracial and transcultural adoption has changed over the years. Transracial and transcultural adoption has evolved over the years in the area of public policy and public opinion. Due to the testimonies of adoptees, adoptive parents, birth parents, and social workers over the years, reform was created on behalf of adoptees. This resulted in information that was released to create a healthier environment for adoptees. When adopting our son from South Africa, my husband and I used much soul searching when adopting a child. While both of his parents match his skin tone, we are born American and our son was born in South Africa. How were we, as African Americans, going to help our son preserve his South African culture? The answers to this question was in the advice that Alexis Oberdorfer adds to her article for prospective adoptive families and adoption professionals on behalf of adoptees of transracial and transcultural adoption.
The Author and Her Adoption Connection
Alexis Oberdorfer, MSW, is a social worker who oversees the adoption programs for Children’s Home Society and Lutheran Social Service of Minnesota. Ms. Oberdorfer has worked in the private and non-profit sector and accorse the public welfare continuum for 25 years. She’s received countless awards from her work in the adoption community and serves on the Board of the National Council For Adoption and the Advisory Board of the Permanency and Adoption Competency Certificate at the University of Minnesota. She is an adoptee in a transracial adoption and the adoptive parent in a transcultural adoption. In the article, “Adoption Advocate” from the National Council for Adoption, Oberdorfer uses history and her personal experiences to share the evolution of transracial and transcultural adoption.
Historical Facts of Adoption
In 1874, Harriet Tubman and her husband adopted a child named Gertie. This was one of the earliest examples of same-race adoption. It wasn’t until 1948 that Oberdofer stated that white parents in Minnesota adopted a black child and were the first recorded transracial adoption. Oberdorfer continues on to share that Pearl S. Buck began an agency specifically placing children through transracial and/or intercountry adoptive placement. Buck introduced the many people in the United States to the concept of transracial adoption.
With a change in the nation’s Civil Rights Movement, there was growth in interracial adoptions. However, in 1972, this resulted in the National Association for Black Social Workers to oppose the placement of black children in white homes for any reason. Growing up in a community that was predominantly African American, I can understand why the National Association for Black Social Workers opposed transracial adoption. In the African American community, the perseverance of culture is highly valued. There is this sense of history within the community that seeks to be maintained in the adoptive home. This sets the tone for the awareness of maintaining culture for the adoptee. While many people think love is enough, I’ve learned through my experience as a mom and as a teacher that loving the child enough to study and immerse into his or her culture is enough. I applied this concept in my own transcultural adoption.
Oberdorfer continues to mention the Multi-Ethnic Placement Act (MEPA) written in 1994 that was enacted to “decrease the length of time that children wait to be adopted; to prevent discriminiation in the placement of children on the basis of race, color, or national origin; and to facilitate the identification and recruitment of foster and adoptive parents who can meet the children’s needs”.
Oberorfer continues on to add that in 1996, the Interethnic Placement Act (IEPA) “takes away any consideration of the use of race, color or national origin when making placement decisions, unless it can be demonstrated that a same race placement is clearly in that child’s best interest.” More importantly, the IEPA imposes financial penalties on states that violate the IEPA by using race, color, or national origin in making placement decisions. This is something that I appreciate personally because it removes discriminiation in adoption. I’ve been in a situation where I’ve been discriminated against based on the stigma behind being African American and not having the trust of the agency to meet their standards in our home study. Thankfully, this was something that was brought to attention and the situation was solved. I shudder to think if there was no IEPA, then I would not have had the opportunity to adopt our son. My story is not the only one. I’ve spoken to a few African American families that had the same situation. I believe that laws like these push adoption education to evolve and help bring change in hearts and minds. I’m hopeful that as more adoptees like Ms. Oberorfer speak out and continue to document their experiences, they will bring about more change in the adoption community for people who are more aware and thoughtful when it comes to making the decision to adopt.
Growing Up in a Transracial Family
Oberorfer writes about her background of growing up in a transracial family before the National Black Social Workers took a stand against transracial adoption, thus before 1972. She was adopted in Chicago and moved to Minnesota. This greatly influenced her upbringing and culture. She was raised in a community that lacked racial diversity, but she was accepted in the immediate neighborhood. She was able to visit her friends and her friends could visit at home. When she was in preschool, she could recognize racial differences. As a preschool teacher, I’ve seen my students recognize differences in races and skin color as well. Ms. Oberorfer shares that she wanted her hair to be long and blond. I remember having a African American student who walked in one day and desired for her hair to be long, black and flowing like the hispanic student instead of her type of hair, which was coarse. When she described “wearing a towel on her head as I imagined what it would be like to have long straight hair”, I thought of myself. After getting my hair washed, I would pretend that the water magically made my hair straight and then wear a towel on my head.
As Oberorfer went to elementary school, she began to not fit in because of race. Her hair was different and her skin color was different. She gives a lot of attention to her hair care because to her, she feels that it is a big deal in adopting transracially. She explains that “Hair Care is a bellwether for positive self esteem.” She doesn’t make it an issue with standing out in the black community, but further standing out with her peers. Her hair was short and she wanted braids and twists (typical styles that would complement the texture of her hair). She goes on to explain that she had to go on a “journey for herself to figure out how to care for her hair and understand her body type and self-image as she grew older.” She didn’t feel that her parents were equipped to help her and the resources that are available for transracial adoptees today. When I look at what she describes as her experience as a transracial adoptee and the experience of transracial adoptees today, I find that there are many differences in awareness and education to parents.
Photo by Subhash Nusetti on Unsplash
Raising a Transcultural Family
Oberdorfer’s experience as an adoptee affects experience as an adoptive mother. She adopted black children from another country. She knew that from her experience that she would need to “step up [her] parenting knowledge to meet her children’s needs.” She made sure that she was educated about the products that her daughter would need from day one. She carved out time to learn and practice with her daughter’s hair and learned how to treat her son’s hair. She goes on to explain that while her children are the same race they still “feel it is important that [her] children have books, toys, dolls, crayons, playmates, movies, etc., that reflects them.” She goes on to describe that she brings art, a map of their country, and things that would give them a “sense of identity and pride.”
I can relate to Oberorfer with being the adoptive mother in a transcultural adoption. Our son was adopted from South Africa. The day we picked up our son he had many qualities that we did not necessarily have in our home. He played soccer; we watched football and basketball. He spoke some words in Zulu; we spoke English. He was born in Soweto, a place of a rich South African history; I was born in Baltimore, Maryland and my husband was born in Oxford, North Carolina. This adoption changed the culture of our home. My husband and I studied aparteid and we studied the history of South Africa. We studied Soweto and even researched the hospital where our son was born. We joined meetup groups with other South African enthusiasts and made friends with other black Africans. We made sure he was in schools where the African (not just Black) children could be represented. He goes to schools with children who have African names like him and a background and culture like him. We celebrate holidays that are exclusive to South Africa, listen to South African music, and, finally, just like we receive the New York Times and The Washington Post, we also receive Time Live to share about what is happening in South Africa.
I love that Oberorfer invites her children to critique how they were raised. As tough as I believe the critique will be, I wish that my son would do that with me and my husband as well. I believe that it would not only help him express himself, but help us help other adoptive parents in their adoption journey. Also, we share the same wish of wanting and hoping that our children will have “pride in their racial and cultural identity, and appreciate both their country of birth and their country of residence, as well as the diverse cultures that helped shape them.”
Questions for Potential Adoptive Families and Adoption Professionals
Oberorfer brings it home by challenging potential adoptive families who want to adopt transracially or transculturally. She challenges them with questions that they should ask themselves. I believe these questions are so key to having the parents think very thoughtfully when wanting to adopt their child. When my social workers were advising us on what will happen to our son once we brought him home, we answered the questions against the wishes of the social workers and it lasted only a few months with our son. It was once we actually thought of the questions they asked us that were similar to the ones read in the article and changed his environment to meet the answers, it helped our son grow and develop so much better. For example, we were in environments where we were one of the few minorities. Our son was the only minority at his school and the only minority in his Children’s Church. Thus, we changed churches and his school. Currently, he is in a school and church with other children who are immigrants. There are some children that are African, Hispanic and Asian. I notice that he has less anxiety and he feels more comfortable with speaking and sharing his thoughts. I highly recommend that potential adoptive families look at the questions that are listed and sit down and answer these questions and discuss them with their adoption professional. Speaking of adoption professionals, she has questions for them as well. Again, these are questions that would better help them match and help the professionals meet the needs of the adoptees.
Oberdorfer ends the article by stating that “families need to be willing to actively seek resources to understand how to prepare and support children to become adolescents and adults who are prepared to participate in the community as a person of color.” I believe that she is able to clearly make this statement because of her experience as a transracial adoptee and an adoptive mother herself. It is my hope that Ms. Oberdorfer will continue to speak out on behalf of adoptees, thus furthering the evolution of adoption education.
Deirdre Parker
Deirdre Parker is an early childhood educator in Washington DC. She proudly hails from Baltimore, MD where she received her BA in liberal studies from Notre Dame of Maryland University. She continued afterward to receive her BS in Music Therapy from Texas Woman's University and MS in Early Childhood Education from Boston University Wheelock College of Education and Human Development. She entered the adoption community with the adoption of her son from South Africa. When she is not at school teaching her “babies†and mentoring new early childhood educators; she is traveling, reading, writing, playing music, following politics, hiking, attending church, and cheering on the Ravens with her intelligent husband and her extremely bright 4-year-old little boy.
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The Chukchi Sea provides habitat for eiders, walrus, and other wildlife.
Photo: Milo Burcham
Ecological Atlas
Arctic Marine Data
Arctic Marine Synthesis
The Chukchi Sea, off the coast of northwest Alaska, is one of the most productive ocean ecosystems in the world. Its vast, shallow sea floor and seasonal ice cover provide nutrients and pristine habitat for a multitude of organisms, ranging from walruses to ice seals to whales to millions of seabirds to the top predator mammal, the polar bear.
But the Chukchi Sea is changing dramatically. The evidence of global climate change is evident here perhaps like no other place on earth. Sea temperatures are rising, shorelines are dramatically eroding, and summer sea ice is receding to historic lows. As sea ice retreats, there are substantial prospects for new industrial activities in the Chukchi, including commercial fishing, commercial shipping, and oil and gas extraction.
Scroll down to read more about the magnificent wildlife of the Chukchi Sea, Audubon's position on balance in the Arctic, and how you can help protect the Chukchi Sea.
Mammals of the Chukchi
The Chukchi Sea is distinctly different from lower latitude seas and makes direct and important contributions to global ocean and climate systems. Ice in particular is a critical feature of the Chukchi. The ice edge produces a rich profusion of phytoplankton, which is the base of the food chain for all marine and coastal Arctic wildlife and people, especially with a lack of sea floor predation by warmer water fish, such as salmon and pollock. The Chukchi's shallow and highly productive sea floor allows bottom-dwelling prey (crustacea, mollusks, etc.) to flourish, creating a buffet for wildlife specialized to feed off the ocean floor, such as walrus, seals, gray whales, and deep-diving sea birds. Many of these species also rely on ice edges for resting, denning, and/or calving.
Perhaps most famously, the Chukchi Sea is home to roughly half of America's polar bears, approximately 2,000 animals, or one-tenth of the world's population. Polar bears are integrally tied to sea ice for hunting, resting, breeding, and denning. Yet as the summer sea ice has retreated dramatically in recent years, especially off the coast of Alaska, polar bears are increasingly denning on coastal lands instead. The melting sea ice has also reduced the area available to polar bears for hunting seals, the bear's chief prey species, and is forcing bears to swim farther in search of food and denning sites. The United States Geological Survey forecasts a loss of two-thirds of the world's polar bears—and all of Alaska's polar bears by 2050. Other studies have documented polar bear drownings, smaller body size, lower cub survival rates, and cannibalism due to sea ice retreating. Based on this evidence and other scientific work, the polar bear was declared "threatened" under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) in 2008.
The most common prey species of the polar bear is the ringed seal, one of the so-called "ice seals" of the Chukchi. Other Chukchi ice seals include ribbon, bearded, and spotted seals. True to their nickname, these seals are ice dependent, relying on ice edges to hunt and give birth to and nurse pups.
In addition to seals, most of the Pacific walrus population uses the Chukchi Sea during the summer months. Unlike seals, walruses cannot swim indefinitely and rely on ice floes extensively for resting and as platforms from which to feed on mollusks and other benthic invertebrates. In recent years, as the ice retreated beyond the continental shelf, more than 10,000 walrus "haul out" on shore in Alaska and in Russia, and thousands of walruses have been killed in stampedes as the animals crowded onto the shoreline in these extraordinary numbers. Walruses have also suffered from population declines as feeding and nursing their young have grown increasingly difficult. The US Fish and Wildlife Service is investigating listing the Pacific walrus under the ESA.
The Chukchi is also important for whales. Endangered fin and humpback whales, and formerly endangered gray whales, feed in the Chukchi’s shallows, and up to 3,500 beluga whales use Kasegaluk Lagoon near Point Lay for feeding, calving, and molting. In addition, most of the western Arctic Ocean’s endangered bowhead whales, the most important subsistence and cultural resource of many Alaskan North Slope residents, migrate along the Chukchi coast.
Birds of the Chukchi
The bays, inlets, and river outlets lining the Chukchi also provide breeding, feeding, and staging areas for millions of shorebirds, seabirds, and waterfowl. At least 15 species on Audubon's Alaska WatchList use the Chukchi, including Spectacled Eiders, which are listed as threatened under the ESA, and Yellow-billed Loons, which have been found to warrant ESA listing (but are not a study priority).
There are small populations of Kittlitz’s Murrelets in the Chukchi Sea. Nests have been found inland in the DeLong Mountains and Lisburne Hills, and murrelets have been found up to 40-50 miles offshore, primarily in the Cape Lisburne area north of Point Hope. Kittlitz's Murrelets have undergone dramatic reductions in population in recent years. The US Fish and Wildlife Service decided not to list the species under the Endangered Species Act, but it remains to be seen how changes in climate will affect this species.
Several globally and continentally significant Important Bird Areas (IBAs) are within the Chukchi, including a dozen IBAs on the US side of the Chukchi Sea and six more on the Russian side. Included among these are marine feeding areas for Northern Fulmars and Short-tailed Shearwaters and nesting and feeding areas for huge colonies of Common Murres and Thick-billed Murres.
Ledyard Bay, an IBA just south of proposed oil and gas leases, is a Critical Habitat Area for Spectacled Eiders, listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). In fact, most of the female Spectacled Eiders that breed on the Arctic Coastal Plain molt in Ledyard Bay. About 33,000 Spectacled Eiders and 500,000 King Eiders feed on mollusks and other bottom food in the shallow waters of the Bay. From April into November, nearly all of the breeding King Eiders from the US and Canada, plus many Russian breeding King Eiders, migrate through, stage, and forage in the eastern Chukchi. King Eiders utilize the shallow open polynas (openings in sea ice) of the Chukchi to dive for mollusks and other invertebrates in spring and early summer, prior to dispersing to breeding grounds in Canada and Russia and on Alaska’s North Slope.
Protect the Ancient Trees of the Tongass National Forest
Tell the U.S. Forest Service and the USDA to halt the removal of protections for the Tongass National Forest and include Tribal Governments in a new rule-making process.
Part 1: BLM Lands at Risk
Part 2: Places with Faces and Names
Part 3: Add Your Voice to an Active Planning Process
Ending the Year with Gratitude and Hope
Unprecedented Rollback of Bird Protections Cemented in Administration’s Final Days
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Legal Check
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[Legal Updates] The changes in personal income tax exemptions
08/06/2020 admin2020-10-13T10:13:27+00:00
1| The changes in personal income tax exemptions
On June 02nd, 2020, the Standing Committee of The National Assembly promulgated Resolution No. 954/2020/UBTVQH14 to change the personal income tax exemptions, which takes effect on July 01st, 2020. According to this Resolution, the personal income tax exemptions shall be changed as follows:
Personal exemption: 11 million VND/month (132 million VND/year);
Exemption for each dependent: 4,4 million VND/dependent/month.
Taxpayers who have paid tax and applied the exemptions specified in the previous regulations, may recalculate the personal income tax payable by applying the exemptions specified in this Resolution when preparing the 2020’s annual personal income tax declaration.
The new exemptions are applied from the tax period of 2020.
2| New regulations on compulsory social insurance contributions to the occupational accident and disease insurance fund
On May 27th, 2020, the Government promulgated Decree No. 58/2020/NĐ-CP on compulsory social insurance contributions to the occupational accident and disease insurance fund.
Accordingly, the employers contribute monthly to the occupational accident and disease insurance fund for employees equal to 0.5% of the salary fund used as a basis for payment of social insurance.
In case the enterprises operate in industries with high risks of occupational accidents and occupational diseases, the contribution is 0.3% of the salary fund used as a basis for payment of social insurance when the following conditions are met.
Within 03 years up to the time of proposing not to be sanctioned for administrative violations in the form of fines, not to be examined for criminal responsibility for acts of violating the legislation on occupational safety and sanitation and social insurance;
To make periodic reports on occupational accidents and occupational safety and sanitation reports accurately, entirely and on time within 03 years preceding the proposed year;
The rate of occupational accidents of the year preceding the proposed year must be reduced by 15% or more compared to the average occupational accident frequency of 03 years preceding the proposed year; or not to cause occupational accidents from 03 years preceding the proposed year.
Decree No. 58/2020/ND-CP comes into effect from July 15th, 2020.
3| Ministry of Public Security warns of phishing
On June 4th, 2020, the Ministry of Public Security Portal posted a warning notice about new tricks to defraud the sellers’ property. The fraudster pretends to be a buyer and suggests transferring money in advance to the seller through Western Union, then the fraudster sends the victim a link that looks like the official Western Union website to receive the payment. After the victim completes the bank account information on the fake website, the fraudster also simultaneously transfers money from the victim’s account.
Ministry of Public Security warns: Online sellers who have never transacted via international money transfer systems, should be wary of this fraud. It is recommended to verify the information carefully when making remittance. Only conduct transactions on official and public websites of financial institutions or banks. Never give OTP codes to others. Limiting the publicity of date of birth, citizen identification number, telephone number, bank account number on cyberspace. For public accounts used for online transactions, it is necessary to limit the excess amount of money to avoid property appropriation.
Download Legal Updates as a PDF here.
[News] Apolat Legal_Year End Party 2020 & 5 years anniversary
From January 7th, 2021 to January 9th, 2021, Apolat Legal organized the company retreat for all members at Vung Tau City. This is the time for all to look back on the year over and enjoy the holiday after the hard-working days.
Especially, on January 7th, 2021, the 5th anniversary of the establishment of Apolat Legal (January 1st, 2016 to January 1st, 2021) was also held. The year 2020 is an important milestone marking the constantly evolving 5-year journey of Apolat Legal.
Over the years, Apolat Legal has supported domestic and foreign clients to address business issues and settle complex legal risks. We have been efforts to expand international cooperation, connected with the organization, associations, with the belief that the industry of legal services must always change to adapt to the wave of globalization and the digital economy.
Building a system with its headquarters in Ho Chi Minh City, Apolat Legal also expands its scope of operations in Hanoi.
The 5th anniversary of Apolat Legal and preparing for the 2nd 5-year plan, the year 2021, and the following years will mark further innovation and development.
Apolat Legal, with enthusiastic, responsible and aspiring people. Youthful, dynamic and friendly working environment; reasonable and attractive facilities, recruitment and treatment for talents… Apolat Legal aims to be in the top 20 leading law firms in Vietnam by 2025.
Finally, we would like to express our sincere thanks to the people who have contributed to Apolat Legal. Apolat Legal in the present, all thanks to the efforts, dedication of all of you. Apolat Legal is honored that you have been a part of our 5-year journey.
Some images at YEP night:
[News] Apolat Legal-Time to travel
[TIME TO TRAVEL]
Apolat Legal would like to inform you that all Apolat Legal’s members will participate in our annual company retreat:
From Thursday, January 7th, 2021 to Saturday, January 9th, 2021.
We will back to work as usual from Monday, January 11th, 2021.
Please contact us before or after this time.
Apolat Legal.
[Legal Updates] Letter of quick legal updates 202012
1. On December 18th, 2020, The Supreme People’s Court issued Official Dispatch No. 199/TANDTC-PC announces the results of online answers to some problems in bankruptcy settlement
According to the Official Dispatch, the Supreme People’s Court has answered the issues that the courts need to pay attention when settling the bankruptcy procedure as follows:
Firstly, the status of an insolvency enterprise or cooperative must fully satisfy the following conditions:
Have a specific, clear debt recognized, agreed upon by the parties or determined through a legally effective judgment or decision of a court, ruling of commercial arbitration, or determined in a decision of the competent authority, and the parties don’t have any dispute over this debt.
The debt is due for payment. Maturity debt means a debt with a clearly defined payment term, by which time the enterprise or cooperative must be obliged to repay the debt. This payment time limit is acknowledged, agreed upon by the parties or determined by a legally effective judgment or decision of a court, a judgment of a commercial arbitration or decision of a competent authority.
The enterprise or cooperative fails to fulfill the debt payment obligation within 3 months from the due date, because it has no assets to pay the debt or has assets but does not pay the debts.
Secondly, if the Court issues the decision to open the bankruptcy proceedings, the deposit of bankruptcy expenses paid by the applicant is not enough. The court can request the applicant to continue to submit the deposit. Suppose the applicant does not pay the supplement deposit of bankruptcy expense as requested, the Judge, at his discretion or according to the request of asset administrators, can decide on the sale of assets of the enterprise or cooperative after opening the bankruptcy procedure to ensure the payment of bankruptcy expense; the selling of assets is assigned to the asset administrators or the asset administration enterprises to ensure the bankruptcy expenses is paid in full.
Thirdly, in case the “Decision to open bankruptcy proceedings” is canceled by a superior court, the deposit of bankruptcy expense shall be refunded to the applicant, except for the case the applicant submits the dishonest bankruptcy claims.
2. The Ministry of Justice issued Circular No. 06/2020/TT-BTP dated December 17th, 2020, amending and supplementing a number of articles of Circular No. 08/2018/TT-BTP dated June 20th, 2018 guiding a number of issues on registration, providing information on security, contracts and information exchange on registered security, which comes into effects on January 01st, 2021
According to the Circular, collateral registered at the Asset Trading Registration Center as required from February 1st, 2021, has the following changes:
Firstly, separating the registration of security and the registration of contract at the registration center. Accordingly, the registration of contract is intended to publicize information and it does not give effect to the contract.
Secondly, supplementing provisions on online registration in case of not requiring a code to use the datebase of security measures.
Thirdly, amending, supplementing, and abolishing provisions on property which must be registered the security transaction, including:
Supplementing objects of property rights with respect to objects of copyright, industrial property rights, rights to plant varieties; Property rights arising from results of scientific research, technological development, technology transfer or other property rights of monetary value in the fields of science, technology, and information technology; the right to exploit natural resources.
Cancellation of “Property rights arising from shipbuilding leases; the right to compensate for damage arising from the contract of purchase and sale of aircraft or seagoing ships; the right to enjoy insurance under the insurance contract for aircraft and ships”.
Supplementing property rights arising from a contract include the right to collect debt, the right to demand payment, the right to enjoy the benefits formed from the contract, the right to exploit, manage the project, the right to compensate for damage under the contract. or other property rights of monetary value arising from the contract (except for land use rights, ownership of property on land, ownership or other rights which must be registered with respect to aircraft or seagoing ships according to regulations. regulations of the law on aviation and maritime).
The Circular No. 06/2020 / TT-BTP takes effect from February 01st, 2021.
[Legal Updates] The new regulation on the age of retirement and the health care for female employee
1. The new regulation on the age of retirement and the health care for female employee
The Government promulgated two Decrees guiding the implementation of some contents of the Labor Code 2019, specifically the Decree No. 135/2020/ND-CP dated November 18th, 2020 regulating the retirement ages and the Decree No. 145/2020/ND-CP dated December 14th, 2020 defining and providing guidance on the implementation of many contents of the Labor Code on working conditions and industrial relations.
1.1 The Decree No. 135/2020/ND-CP dated November 18th, 2020 regulates the retirement ages
1.1.1 The age of retirement
According to the Decree No. 135/2020//ND-CP, from January 01st, 2021, employee working in normal working conditions shall retire from work at the age of 60 and 03 months for male and 55 and 04 months for female. In the following years, the age of retirement of each year shall be increased by 03 months for male until they reach at the age of 62 in 2028 and by 04 months for female until they are 60 years old in 2035. Therefore, comparing with the current regulation, the age of retirement for male shall increase from 60 to 62 by 2028 and from 55 to 60 by 2035 for female.
1.1.2 Retirement before or after reaching the specified age of retirement
Depending on the circumstances, the employees can retire earlier or later than the age of retirement regulated. Specifically, the employees doing heavy lifting or working in hazardous environments can retire sooner, while working in highly-skilled jobs or the private sector can retire later. Generally, the maximum extension will be five years.
1.2 The Decree No. 145/2020/ND-CP dated December 14th, 2020 defines and provides guidance on the implementation of several contents of the Labor Code on working conditions and labour relations, details as follows:
In this Decree, the key points on health care for female employees are the regulations about the break of female employees during menstruation and female employees during the period of nursing a child under 12 months, specifically:
The female employee is entitled during her menstruation to a 30-minute break every day and during the period of nursing a child under 12 months is entitled to a break of 60 minutes every day which shall be included in the number of working hours and shall still receive the same wages as stated in her labour contract. In case a female employee does not want to take a break and employer allows her to work, a female employee is entitled to receive an additional salary for the work performed in the break, in addition to the salary pursuant to her labour contract.
Besides, the Decree No. 145/2020/ND-CP has the new provision on requiring employers who have more than 1000 female employees must install lactation and storing breastmilk rooms in the workplace.
The Decree No. 145/2020/ND-CP will take effect from February 1st, 2020.
2. The Government promulgated the new project on supporting to reduce the electricity price, electricity bills (the second time) for customers using electricity
The above project is approved when the Government promulgated Resolution No. 180/NQ-CP on the new project on supporting to reduce the electricity price, electricity bills (the second time) for customers using electricity on December 17th, 2020 based on proposal of the Industry and Trade Ministry. Specifically, according to the report of the Industry and Trade Ministry sent to the Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam to propose the project on supporting to reduce the electricity price, electricity cost (the second time):
The retail price of domestic electricity from level 1 to level 4 shall be reduced by 20%;
To decrease electricity price from the retail level applied to business by retail price applied to the manufacturing industry for the customer that is tourist accommodation establishments or customer having warehouse during circulation;
Establishments use for isolating, centralized medical examination for patients with suspected infection, already infected with COVID-19 shall receive a 100% reduction in electricity bill;
Medical establishments used for examination, testing and treating the suspected and infected patients with COVID-19 are entitled to a 20% discount on their electricity bill; and
Customers shall be assisted to reduce electricity price, electricity bills for 03 months with invoices in October, November, December 2020.
The Government assigned the Ministry of Industry and Trade to cooperate with the Ministry of Finance and related agency for implementing, ensuring strictness, right subject, and not allowing the policy to be abused for bad purposes.
Mon – Fri : 08:00 – 17:00
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Doré, Gustave
Category: Artist and sculptor
Paul Gustave Louis Christophe Doré ( 6 January 1832 – 23 January 1883) was a French artist, a painter, an engraver and an illustrator.
He is best known as one of the finest book illustrators of the nineteenth century, but he was also a painter and sculptor of international repute. His illustrated Bible, first published in 1865, has appeared in over 700 editions, and in its day was the most successful book in the world. He also sculpted in stone and did wood engraving.
He is on the site partly because his belief in visionary spiritual experience as a form of inspiration was total, and partly because he was blessed with the gift of perfect perception recall. He was a left hander.
[Left: Dore by Nadar]
As quoted in Gabriel Delanne - Materials for use in the study of Reincarnation
Some have a highly developed visual memory, such as the painters Horace Vernet, or Gustave Doré, who could paint a portrait from memory; in others, it is the musical sense that reaches a very high degree of perfection, such as Mozart who noted the Miserere de la Chapelle Sixtine after only hearing it twice.
The government of France made him a Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur in 1861.
Below Les Oceanides Les Naiades de la mer. Right Andromeda
Doré was a prolific artist. A more complete list of his works can be found on Wikipedia, however, Doré may be best known for the work he did illustrating the works of Dante and The Divine Comedy etc. Doré's later work included illustrations for new editions of Coleridge's Rime of the Ancient Mariner, Milton's Paradise Lost, Tennyson's Idylls of the King, and The Works of Thomas Hood.
He was mainly celebrated for his paintings in his day. His paintings remain world-renowned, with some justification, they are beautifully executed, realistic, extremely detailed and vibrant and show great skill. He captured landscapes exceptionally well, his series of Scotland in particular is stunning. But his woodcuts and engravings, are where he is now believed to have excelled as an artist, because of their imaginative and visionary quality.
Doré had a remarkable ability, whatever the medium or method, to capture Darkness and Light – light and shade, even in his fairy tales, and the contrast of the two. The pictures and scenes he produced were moody and atmospheric, they captured the emotion not just the scene. In Dante’s Paradiso, the angels are ethereal like congealed white Light. He must have had very clear visions of the scenes he ‘saw’ because the detail is extraordinary, yet give you the overall atmosphere of the place at the same time. Dore illustrated:
Les Contes drolatiques (1855) – by Honoré de Balzac
Baron von Münchhausen (1862)
Don Quixote de la Mancha (1863) - In the 1860s he illustrated a French edition of Cervantes's Don Quixote, and his depictions of the knight and his squire, Sancho Panza, have become so famous that they have influenced subsequent readers, artists, and stage and film directors' ideas of the physical "look" of the two characters. The tale of Don Quijote clearly appealed to Doré, and in the end he drew around 500 illustrations for this book
The Divine Comedy – Dante; Inferno; Purgatorio; Paradiso. The Divine Comedy tells of the poet Dante's travels through Hell, Purgatory and Paradise in search of salvation. Before he is redeemed by his love for the heavenly Beatrice, he in effect goes to hell [Inferno]. Gustave Dore's classic engravings were made for an 1867 publication.
Gargantua and Pantagruel - He illustrated "Gargantua et Pantagruel" by Rabelais in 1854.
Idylls of the King - Tennyson's poem
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner – Coleridge’s poem
The Bible - In 1853 Doré was asked to illustrate the works of Lord Byron. This commission was followed by additional work for British publishers, including a new illustrated Bible. Doré's illustrations for the Bible (1866) were a great success, and in 1867 Doré had a major exhibition of his work in London. This exhibition led to the foundation of the Doré Gallery in Bond Street, London
John Milton's Paradise Lost - 50 plates produced in 1866
Ariosto’s “Orlando Furioso”
Perrault's Fairy Tales (1867) - Doré illustrated several fairy tales: Cendrillon (or Cinderella), and Little Red Riding Hood amongst others, but each time the illustration was quite dark and alarming. Some children would quite likely have been quite frightened by his interpretations of the myths, his wolf was no sanitised fluffy toy wolf, but a very realistic wolf with ferocious teeth.
[left Doré_par_Cattelain_Le_Hanneton]
Wandering Jew - In 1856 he produced 12 folio-size illustrations of The Legend of The Wandering Jew
The Raven - Doré illustrated an oversized edition of Edgar Allan Poe's "The Raven", an endeavour that earned him 30,000 francs from publisher Harper & Brothers in 1883
Crusades - Interestingly, Dore chose to include drawings of Crusade troubadours singing the glories of the crusades. This was a work of pure imagination
Jean de La Fontaine's fables
London: A Pilgrimage - In 1869, Blanchard Jerrold, the son of Douglas William Jerrold, suggested that they work together to produce a comprehensive portrait of London. The pictures are indeed bleak. London life is displayed in all its ugliness, the poverty of flower sellers, the overcrowding as seen from the newly installed railways [for example the engraving Over London by Rail c 1870. From London: A Pilgrimage], the fog, the grimness of street life. The completed book London: A Pilgrimage, with 180 engravings, was published in 1872. It enjoyed commercial and popular success, but the work was disliked by many contemporary critics, principally it seems because Doré had not put a rosy tint over a grim situation and depicted the poverty exactly as it was. Some went into denial - Doré was accused by The Art Journal of "inventing rather than copying". Some accused him of bias - The Westminster Review claimed that "Doré gives us sketches in which the commonest, the vulgarest external features are set down". Interestingly, the book was a financial success. [right: Flower Sellers of London]
Below Houndsditch
As one can see from the books he chose to illustrate, Dore was a firm believer in Christianity as well as mythical and spiritual subjects.
Right: The Triumph Of Christianity Over Paganism
Interestingly, the engravings became more frequent in the books he illustrated, the more they fired his imagination and presumably came closer to his beliefs.
He painted numerous extremely dramatic and very large canvases related to the life of Jesus: For example
La Sainte Trinite
Le Christ quittant le prétoire 1867–72
One can see from the emotion with which the subjects are painted that Paul Gustave Louis Christophe Doré was a fervent believer in religion and the subjects he depicted.
There is passion in these paintings, they are not simply a commission, they are belief in action.
[Below Le Christ quittant le prétoire-Gustave_Doré]
Doré was born in Strasbourg on 6 January 1832. By age 5 he was being classified as an artistic child prodigy, creating drawings that were ‘mature beyond his years’. At the age of 15, Doré began his career working as a caricaturist for the French paper Le journal pour rire. Wood engraving was his primary method at this time. In the late 1840s and early 1850s, Doré made several ‘text comics’, but subsequently went on to win commissions to depict scenes from books by Cervantes, Rabelais, Balzac, Milton, and Dante.
[Left Carolus-Duran, Portrait de Gustave Doré, Strasbourg MAMCS]
Doré never married and, following the death of his father in 1849, when he was only 17, he continued to live with his mother, illustrating books until his death in Paris, aged only 51, following a short illness. At the time of his death in 1883, he was working on illustrations for an edition of Shakespeare's plays.
Below: Enigma
For iPad/iPhone users: tap letter twice to get list of items.
Doré, Gustave - Dante - Canto V
Doré, Gustave - Dante - Canto VIII
Doré, Gustave - Dante - Canto XII
Doré, Gustave - Dante - Canto XIV
Doré, Gustave - Dante - Canto XIV 2
Doré, Gustave - Dante - Canto XIX
Doré, Gustave - Dante - Canto XVIII
Doré, Gustave - Dante - Canto XVIII 2
Doré, Gustave - Dante - Canto XX
Doré, Gustave - Dante - Canto XXI
Doré, Gustave - Dante - Canto XXVII
Doré, Gustave - Dante - Canto XXVIII
Doré, Gustave - Dante - Canto XXXI
Doré, Gustave - Scotland - 01
Doré, Gustave - The Bible - Adam and Eve are expelled from the Garden of Eden
Doré, Gustave - The Bible - Cane and Abel
Doré, Gustave - The Bible - Sermon on the Mount
Doré, Gustave - The Bible - The Flood
Doré, Gustave - The Bible - Tower of Babel
Doré, Gustave - The Bible - Zachariah 6:5
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35 Ellis Island Immigration Photos That Capture American Diversity
By Erin Kelly
Contrary to what some might have you believe, American identity can look like many things. These Ellis Island immigration photos prove it.
As a clerk at Ellis Island from 1892-1925, Augustus Sherman was in a unique position to document countless immigrants as they attempted to gain entrance into the United States.
The untrained photographer had an undeniable natural talent: Even with bulky cameras and the time-consuming exposure process they required, Sherman was able to take more than 200 photos — of subjects typically detained for interrogation — that reveal as much about the subjects’ fears as they do the diverse reality of our national heritage:
The Faces Of America: 16 Stunning Colorized Portraits Of Ellis Island Immigrants
44 Poignant Photos Of Ellis Island Immigrants That Convey The Hope And Hardship Of Coming To America
D-Day Photos And Stories That Capture The Gravity Of The Normandy Invasion
An Albanian soldier.
Some hopeful immigrants could be held on Ellis Island for days, or even weeks, before being approved or deported.
An Algerian man in traditional apparel.
Immigrants were given free meals upon arriving — in most cases introducing them to new foods such as bananas and ice cream.
Photo identified as 'Girl from the Kochersberg region near Strasbourg, Alsace" (circa 1905).
Wilhelm Schleich, a miner from Hohenpeissenberg, Bavaria (circa 1905).
Cossack man from the steppes of Russia.
With the U.S. attitude toward becoming increasingly negative, World War I marked the end of mass immigration to America.
Peter Meyer from Svendberg, Denmark, age 57. April 30, 1909.
Three Dutch protestant women identified as "Mother and her two daughters from Zuid-Beveland, province of Zeeland, The Netherlands" (circa 1905).
Identified as "Dutch siblings from the Island of Marken, holding religious tracts" (circa 1905).
Photo identified as "Protestant woman from Zuid-Beveland, province of Zeeland, The Netherlands."
Three women from Guadeloupe in fancy dress.
A tattooed German stowaway allegedly deported in May 1911.
Rev. Joseph Vasilon, a Greek-Orthodox priest (circa 1905).
A Greek evzone, which is a member of a light infantry unit in the Greek army.
A Greek woman in June 1909.
A Guadeloupean woman, 1911.
About 700 immigrants passed through on the very first day of Ellis Island’s operation, January 1, 1892.
A Romani family. The Romani are sometimes referred to as Gypsies.
A young Italian woman. (circa 1906).
Eighty percent of immigrants were processed and approved in just a number of hours.
An Italian woman.
The highest number of immigrants to arrive on Ellis Island in a single day was 11,747, on April 17, 1907.
Swedish children in Lapland costume.
Originally titled "Swedish woman," the title was changed when it was noticed that the woman's clothing originated from the west coast of Norway.
A young Swedish girl from the Rattvik providence of Dalarna.
A Romanian immigrant poses with his instrument.
Romanian shepherd (circa 1906).
As opposed to wealthier arrivals, poor passengers were detained on the island for physical inspections and further legal questioning.
Two Romanian women.
Russian Cossacks, armed and in full dress.
A traditionally dressed Ruthenian woman, who would now be known as Ukrainian.
A Laplander woman from Finland (circa 1905).
Three young Scottish boys.
Captioned "Hungarian Gypsies all of whom were deported," this photo appeared in The New York Times on February 12, 1905.
Romanian shepherds, one proudly posing with his pipe.
A Slovak woman with her children.
To accommodate the dietary requirements of Jewish immigrants, a kosher kitchen was built in 1911.
Three Slovakian women.
It is estimated that nearly 40 percent of U.S. citizens can trace at least one ancestor back to Ellis Island.
Three Russian Cossacks.
Many famous people were processed at Ellis Island, including Charlie Chaplin, Carl Jung, Sigmund Freud, Charles Atlas, and Irving Berlin.
"Turkish bank guard John Postantzis, Feb 9, 1912."
The last person to pass through Ellis Island was a Norwegian merchant seaman by the name of Arne Peterssen in 1954.
A print of this image reads, "Thumbu Sammy, aged 17, Hindoo ex SS 'Adriatic', April 14, 1911."
All photos taken by Augustus Sherman (ca. 1905-1914)
Next, check out these chilling photos of American child labor in the early 20th century and striking photographs of people around the world at the turn of the 20th century.
Erin Kelly is a freelance writer, artist, and video editor that splits her time between the humid Midwest and the dusty corners of her mind.
Scientists Create Chimera Embryos Hoping For Miracle Cures
The Summer Of Nantucket’s Sublime Sea Serpent
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Most U.S. Trade Agreement Improve Trade Balance, but Effect Overwhelmed by NAFTA and China Trade
Dan Crawford | August 21, 2012 10:07 pm
by Kenneth Thomas
The U.S. trade deficit figures heavily in the analysis of Jeff Faux’s new book, The Servant Economy. Faux, the founder of the Economic Policy Institute (EPI), was one of the most important voices speaking out against NAFTA when it was debated and ultimately passed by Congress in 1993.
According to EPI’s 2011 Annual Report,”Presently, the United States’ non-oil deficit alone costs more than five million U.S. jobs.” This underscores the importance of the deficit and what is at stake. In the book, Faux points out that the theoretical benefits of free trade assume full employment, but that is hardly ever the case. Thus, he argues, the trade deficit is indeed a job killer.
Yet, as David Cay Johnston notes, the United States continues to negotiate new trade agreements while government agencies and government officials from the President down, tout them as engines of job creation. Johnston points out that the government predicted that our small pre-NAFTA trade surplus would continue, when instead we quickly went into a deficit that in 2011 reached $64.5 billion. Similarly, he says, the U.S. International Trade Commission predicted that normalizing trade relations with China would lead to a trade deficit of just $1 billion, when in fact it grew by 2011 to $295 billion!
How have these trade agreements performed? At present, according to the U.S. Trade Representative, the U.S. has free trade agreements with 19 other countries, with a 20th (with Panama) approved but not yet implemented. The 19 countries are: Australia, Bahrain, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Israel, Jordan, South Korea, Mexico, Morocco, Nicaragua, Oman, Peru, and Singapore.
The U.S. Census Bureau (then click on individual countries) has the answer to this. In 11 cases, the goods trade balance has improved from the year prior to the agreements’ coming into effect through 2011, in one case it’s too soon to tell (Colombia, effective May 15, 2012), and only in seven cases did the trade balance worsen.
Unfortunately, that’s the end of the good news, because our trade with most of these countries is relatively small: in six cases the improvement was under $2 billion dollars, which pales against the country’s overall goods deficit of $727.4 billion in 2011. The biggest gains have been with Singapore ($10.7 billion) and Australia ($9.1 billion).
The losses, on the other hand, have been huge, with the culprits being NAFTA and liberalizing trade with China (not even a full free trade agreement, just making it easier for U.S. firms to offshore their production to China). In the wake of NAFTA, the U.S. goods trade balance with Mexico has worsened by $66.2 billion, while our Canadian goods trade balance has worsened by $23.7 billion. Just since 2001, when China joined the WTO, and 2011, the goods trade deficit has increased from $83 billion to $295 billion. Robert E. Scott of the EPI estimates that this massive deficit has “eliminated or displaced nearly 2.8 million U.S. jobs since 2001.” In addition, our Israel free trade agreement has added about $10 billion more to the deficit.
As Faux argues, the trade deficit reduces demand for U.S. labor, and pushes wages down in the aggregate. Indeed, this is the tendency of trade in general for a labor-scarce country like the United States. Faux’s vision of where this is leading us in the long term is a depressing one, which I will discuss in more detail in a future column.
cross posted with Middle Class Political Economist
Tags: China, Kenneth Thomas, NAFTA, trade balances Comments (1) | Digg Facebook Twitter |
U.S. Trade Deficit Largely Due to "Intra-Firm" Trade
Dan Crawford | August 9, 2012 11:30 pm
U.S. Trade Deficit Largely Due to “Intra-Firm” Trade
The vast majority of the U.S. $727 billion trade deficit in goods for 2011 is due to “intra-firm” or “related party” trade, that is, trade between two units of the same corporation, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. This is significant because such trade is the most open to companies manipulating the prices between subsidiaries to minimize tax liabilities, usually known as abusive transfer pricing. Moreover, as Stuart Holland argued in 1987, intra-firm trade is also less responsive to changes in exchange rates than is trade between independent businesses, since within an individual multinational corporation each subsidiary will have a specific role to play in its supply chain, which won’t be quickly changed.
U.S. goods trade and related party trade (billions of dollars), world and selected countries, 2011:
Country Exports from US Imports to US Balance
World $1480.4 $2707.8 – $727.4
World (RP) $ 365.0 $1056.2 – $691.2
Canada $ 280.9 $ 315.3 -$ 34.5
Canada (RP) $ 98.1 $ 162.0 – $ 64.1
Ireland $ 7.6 $ 39.4 – $ 31.7
Ireland (RP) $ 1.5 $ 34.6 – $ 33.1
Mexico $ 196.4 $ 262.9 – $ 64.5
Mexico (RP) $ 60.5 $ 155.7 – $ 95.2
Sources: Total trade, U.S. Census, Trade in Good with World, Not Seasonally Adjusted; Related party (RP) trade, U.S. Census, NAICS Related-Party, select all NAICS2, 2011, all countries, variables “imports related trade” and “exports related trade” and layout by country. Canada, Ireland, and Mexico as linked.
As we can see, related party trade (which can mean trade within either a U.S. or foreign multinational corporation) is 27.6% of goods trade, but it represents a whopping 95.0% of the trade deficit. Moreover, in
countries where the U.S. has heavy foreign direct investment, such as Canada, Ireland, and Mexico, the trade deficit for intra-firm trade actually exceeds the country’s overall trade deficit.
In fact, virtually all U.S. imports from Ireland take the form of intra-firm trade. This is no doubt due to Ireland’s status as a tax haven and low corporate income tax rate of 12.5%.
These data suggest that much of the U.S. trade deficit is due to U.S. corporations offshoring production and exporting the products back home. As the related-party data does not distinguish between U.S. and foreign multinationals, there is no way to know exactly how big the share of U.S. multinationals is in intra-firm, but is surely much more than half. Moreover, not counted in the data are imports that come from subcontractors (Wal-Mart’s many suppliers, Foxconn producing Apple products, etc.).
The bottom line is that we need to reverse the incentives in the tax code that encourage the offshoring of jobs. (Why does Apple have $64 billion in cash abroad?) However, to emphasize the point I made last time about what Americans want out of tax reform and the “reform” that has actually happened, it’s worth pointing out that Robert Gilpin of Princeton University, author of the seminal U.S. Power and the Multinational Corporation (1975), made the same policy recommendation almost 40 years ago, and it hasn’t happened yet. We’ve got our work cut out for us.
UPDATE: Following the Mitt George Romney rule (“one year might be a fluke”), I went back and collected the data for all years back to 2002 (the earliest for which the related party trade info was available). While 2009-11 were all 95%, previous years were generally between 70% and 80%. I’m not sure yet what to make of that.
Tags: free trade, intra-firm trade, trade agreements, trade balances, transfer pricing, US trade deficit Comments (2) | Digg Facebook Twitter |
Retaliating Against Currency Manipulation: A Primer
Dan Crawford | October 6, 2011 9:41 am
Kash at The Streetlight points us to other aspects of the world, touching upon the WTO and the IMF roles in global trade and China in particular:
You’ve probably heard that this week the US Congress has been addressing the issue of how China controls its exchange rate with the US dollar. In particular, many have argued that China’s policy of only allowing the yuan (CNY) to appreciate very gradually against the dollar has kept Chinese products unreasonably cheap to American consumers, and American products unreasonably expensive to Chinese consumers. (See for example Paul Krugman’s column on Monday.)
And indicates a source worth reading:
if you’re interested in more details regarding the legal options and implications of possible US retaliation against Chinese currency manipulation, you can’t do better than this paper by Jonathan Sanford of the Congressional Research Service: “Currency Manipulation: The IMF and WTO“.
Tags: China, currency pegs, IMF, trade balances, WTO Comments (1) | Digg Facebook Twitter |
The re-balancing of trade within the Euro area: some improvement but not enough
Rebecca Wilder | May 1, 2011 3:20 pm
I thought that the whole point of fiscal austerity was to turn the balance of trade and capital flow within the Euro area: debtors becoming savers and capital flows out of the Periphery and into to the core. We’re seeing the outset of such a shift; but it’s probably too slow in the making.
The chart below illustrates the trade balance (exports minus imports) within the Euro area (17) for key austerity – Ireland, Greece, Spain, and Italy – and core – Germany, France, and the Netherlands – countries. The data span the last six months and are normalized by the European Commission’s 2010 GDP estimate for each country (listed on the Eurostat website).
(Let me be clear here: the trade balances illustrated below include only trade flows within the Euro area.)
It should be noted that this is an incomplete picture, since there are 17 Euro area countries. However, the following point is worth noting: the balance of trade is arduously improving in Spain and Greece at the cost of just a small share of surplus in the core. To me, policy makers are grasping at straws when they stick to the ‘exports will grow the Periphery out of their debt problems’ story.
* The Netherlands’ intra-Euro area trade surplus increased near 2 pps to 22.6%.
* Italy’s intra-Euro area trade deficit hovered at just under -1% of GDP.
* Spain’s trade deficit improved somewhat, falling roughly 50 basis points to -0.5% of GDP – probably nothing to write home about, given that the economy’s facing a 20%+ unemployment rate.
* The Greek trade deficit improved 90 bps to -5.3% of GDP.
* Ireland remains as open as ever.
* The German surplus dropped 15 bps to 1.3% of GDP.
It is true, that the re-balancing will take time. Some will argue that it’s extra-euro area trade that will provide the impetus for growth in some of these countries (Spain, Ireland, Greece, the usual suspects). However, while exports to the extra-Euro area market have played an important role in some growth trajectories – Spain, for example – intra-Euro area trade is critical. Below I list the average share of total export income derived from within the Euro area:
Average share of exports (source: Eurostat and Angry Bear calcs)
40.9% 38.8% 41.5% 55.7% 48.6% 43.8% 62.0%
Germany Ireland Greece Spain France Italy Netherlands
How much more austerity and ‘competitiveness’ will it take to turn the tide here? Probably more than some are willing to give. A nominal devaluation is needed. Without that, it’s ultimately ‘bailout’ or ‘default’, or both.
A side note: it would have really helped if the ECB allowed prices in Germany, for example, to overshoot the 2% Euro area inflation target.
Tags: Eurozone, Rebecca Wilder, trade balances Comments (1) | Digg Facebook Twitter |
Initial Claims for Unemployment Insurance and the Trade Deficit Both Increase
Dan Crawford | March 10, 2011 8:06 pm
Mark Thoma at Maximum Utility has conclusions on the figures for creation of jobs and trend in trade deficits: (reposted with permission of the author)
Figures on the trade balance and new claims for unemployment insurance are out this morning, and the news isn’t as good as hoped. First, initial claims increased:
In the week ending March 5, the advance figure for seasonally adjusted initial claims was 397,000, an increase of 26,000 from the previous week’s revised figure of 371,000. The 4-week moving average was 392,250, an increase of 3,000 from the previous week’s revised average of 389,250.
This level of claims, around 400,000, is near the breakeven point between a job market that is creating jobs, and one where jobs are being lost. Thus, these figures, combined with the figures over the last several releases embedded in the four-week average show a job market that is struggling to provide enough jobs just to keep up with population growth, let alone recover the millions of jobs lost during the recession. The trend for claims is in the right direction, and more generally job markets do appear to be improving, but the improvement is frustratingly slow. We need the recovery to accelerate substantially if we are going to get back to full employment in a reasonable amount of time.
Second, the trade deficit increased to $46.3 billion in January, an increase of around $6 billion:
The U.S. Census Bureau and the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, through the Department of Commerce, announced today that total January exports of $167.7 billion and imports of $214.1 billion resulted in a goods and services deficit of $46.3 billion, up from $40.3 billion in December, revised. January exports were $4.4 billion more than December exports of $163.3 billion. January imports were $10.5 billion more than December imports of $203.6 billion.
The jump in the trade deficit exceeded expectations, and was partly due to higher energy prices. In addition, the trade deficit with China increased by 12.5% to a little over $23 billion.
Some have pointed to increased exports and a reduction in the trade balance as one of the keys to recovery. A reduction in the deficit at the end of the last year provided some hope that this was happening, but this report throws cold water on those hopes. And, to make it worse, if energy prices go up any further the foreign sector is likely to pose a drag on an already much too slow recovery.
Tags: trade balances, trade policy, unemployment Comments (6) | Digg Facebook Twitter |
Trade policies, stimulus, and tax cuts
Dan Crawford | December 11, 2010 10:28 am
Both parties promise ‘economic growth’ in this debate as the way out of our troubles for unemployment and federal deficits. Left out of the discussion currently is the way to actually accomplish this growth in a way that delivers more specifically to voters other than some vague notion of trickle down from a ‘global free market’.
Andrea Hayley writes: Chinese State-Controlled Market Policies Increasingly Unfavorable to the U.S. in The Epoch Times
Deeply concerned about an unsustainable trade deficit with China, the chair and commissioner of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission (USCC) say that in order to compete with China’s state-controlled economic policies, the U.S. government needs to significantly shift its current market-based approach.
“A lot of our major competitors have game plans. The United States doesn’t have a game plan, and our people are suffering,” said Patrick A. Mulloy last Friday at the Center for National Policy.
Mulloy, a USCC commissioner, and Daniel Slane, chairman of the commission, were keynote speakers of a talk, “Competing with China: How the U.S. Can Create Jobs in the 21st Century.”
The commissioners both said the U.S. free market system is at a disadvantage in our trading relationship with China, and that the government needs to take action to protect American interests at home and abroad.
Over the last nine years since China ascended to the World Trade Organization (WTO), it has amassed a $1.76 trillion trade surplus with the United States. The most common reason cited for the imbalance is China’s undervaluation of their currency, the RMB (yuan).
The House acted this September to pass a resolution raising the threat of import tariffs should China fail to raise the value of its currency to an appropriate level.
■China Blocks WikiLeaks
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While the currency issue is important, Mulloy said he doesn’t think it is the silver bullet. “I think the problem is a little deeper than that,” he said.
Mulloy is more concerned about the cumulative result of Chinese policies that require U.S. companies to exchange technology and know-how in exchange for access to their markets.
China’s industrial policies lure foreign companies to outsource production with offers of incentives, subsidies, and lower labor costs, and in order to take advantage of these lucrative offers, U.S. companies are required to transfer technology and know-how to the Chinese. This has been going on for years.
But recently, China has started asserting its economic muscle, and its companies are increasingly directly competing with U.S. companies, with China’s government policies granting domestic manufacturers the upper hand.
For example, China has started manufacturing commercial airplanes.
“China is going to make its own aircraft, and China is going to buy its own aircraft,” said Mulloy.
Recently, China’s indigenous policy has changed the playing field. Referred to in the USCC report as a “profound change,” the policy explicitly favors domestic companies over foreign firms for government procurement contracts.
One of the positive effects of China’s ascendance to the WTO, the ability of U.S. companies to make profits selling to China’s rising middle class, is not likely to pan out.
Slane sees current U.S. trade policy as a recipe for disaster. He recommends changes, such as replacing corporate income tax with a value added tax (VAT), an increase in research and development funding, and stronger patent protections with the goal of supporting U.S. manufacturing to balance the trade deficit.
Slane acknowledges that such changes would be “deeply disruptive to global commerce,” and lead to higher costs on goods purchased in the United States, but maintains it is a price Americans should be willing to pay.
“If we want to bring back manufacturing our government must acknowledge it is a new day in which other governments are practicing state-controlled capitalism, while we practice free market capitalism. It should be obvious that this is not a level playing field,” said Slane.
(hat tip Stormy)
Tags: international trade, trade balances Comments (21) | Digg Facebook Twitter |
Dual mandate of national trade policy
Dan Crawford | November 14, 2010 10:01 am
Purpose of trade policy in the summary Congressional Rsearch Service paper March 24 2010 caught my attention.
U.S. trade policy is at a cross-roads as the Obama Administration and the 111th Congress face a range of policy issues and challenges. The future direction of trade policy and how the issues will be addressed are unclear at this time and the subject of sharp debate within Congress, the Administration, and the trade policy community at large. While a number of issues are related to trade policy, the fundamental question that is the subject of this debate is which trade policy, if any, will maximize the benefits of trade and boost U.S. living standards.
(bolding mine)
In a simple statement of what has and can happen, the disconnect implied in the quote is striking. The benefits of trade are obvious to many, but the winners and losers in such trade is not at all obvious to many in the big picture.
If the ‘economy’ was the driver for this election, meaning I assume the perceptions each voter carried with him or her to the voting booth, then understanding our economy is better for us all.
One thing voters need to keep in mind is that trade is global in scope, and what is good for a trans-national monopoly is not the same as good for the voters. Maximixing benefits of trade may have little to do with maximizing US standards of living for most.
The idea of smaller government may be popular right now, but if you expect anyone else to protect overall voter interests, I see no other institution willing to do so other than the federal government if you can steer policy that way. Any other institution I am forgetting about??
In a second post to come involving Michael Pettis, Spencer England, and Paul Krugman, how this plays out is explored.
Tags: trade balances, trade policy Comments (10) | Digg Facebook Twitter |
REAL TRADE BALANCE
Spencer England | August 11, 2010 9:09 am
The real trade deficit collapsed in June — plunging from -$45,992 million to -$54,136 billion ( 2005 $). I have not done the calculation, but this will generate a significant downward revision of the second quarter real GDP report. Remember, BEA does not have this data when they do the first GDP report.
The plunge was driven by a 5.2% jump in real nonpetroleum imports although petroleum imports also rose 1.9%. Since the May 2009 bottom, real nonpetroleum imports have risen some 31.9%. Real petroleum imports are up 8.9% over the same period. Real exports fell 1.6% and as the charts makes obvious they have been flat in recent months — they are actually down 1.5% from their March 2010 peak. This should force forecasters to significantly revise their growth forecast down as what looked like a strong rebound in exports late last year now appears to be faltering.
Tags: international trade, trade balances, trade imbalances Comments (17) | Digg Facebook Twitter |
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Are the Japanese and US releases of the Yu-Gi-Oh! manga the same?
Is the Japanese manga version of Yu-Gi-Oh same as the US manga version? Also, if it is not, what is the difference?
IsaacIsaac
This discussion of how the manga is divided is probably relevant. – Maroon Jan 13 '19 at 3:40
The editor of the English Version of the Manga, Jason Thompson stated that the licensing of the Yu-Gi-Oh! manga had not been entirely coordinated, so Viz decided to use many of the original character names and to "keep it more or less violent and gory." Thompson said that the manga "was almost unchanged from the Japanese original." Because the core fanbase of the series was, according to Thompson, "8-year-old boys (and a few incredible fangirls)," and because the series had little interest from "hardcore, Japanese-speaking fans, the kind who run scanlation sites and post on message boards" as the series was perceived to be "too mainstream," the Viz editors allowed Thompson "a surprising amount of leeway with the translation." Thompson said he hoped that he did not "abuse" the leeway he was given. In a 2004 interview, the editors of the United States Shonen Jump mentioned that Americans were surprised when reading the stories in Volumes 1 through 7, as they had not appeared on television as a part of the Yu-Gi-Oh! Duel Monsters anime. Takahashi added "The story is quite violent, isn't it? [laughs]"
Gary Andrews30Gary Andrews30
Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged yu-gi-oh or ask your own question.
Why is the American version of the manga split into three parts?
Who are “those guys from Season 4” that Yu-Gi-Oh The Abridged Series references?
How did the Yu-Gi-Oh anime differ from the manga?
Did Yugi duel against a prerecorded Pegasus or the real one?
What would happen if a duelist didn't follow the instruction on the card?
Has there ever been a duel, where Yugi used every existing card right?
What did Pegasus do with his left eye after the Millennium Eye was removed?
What does the “5D’s” mean in Yu-Gi-Oh! 5D’s?
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August 4, 2020 August 4, 2020 mlynxqualey #WITMonth, Morocco
#WiTMonth Conversations: Karima Ahdad on ‘Cactus Girls’
Our first “Women in Translation Month” conversation is between Moroccan novelist Karim Ahdad and translator Katherine Van de Vate, who is working to bring Ahdad’s first novel into English:
By Katherine Van de Vate
Karima Ahdad is a Moroccan novelist whose day job is as a journalist with TRT Arabi in Istanbul. Her first novel, Banat al-Sabbar (Cactus Girls), is a witty, sardonic look at the struggles of a family of Moroccan women after the death of the patriarch leaves them homeless and impoverished. A fierce indictment of injustice and inequality, the novel won a regional Mohamed Zafzaf Prize in 2019.
Katherine Van de Vate You’ve had success very early in your career – you published two prize-winning works before your 25th birthday – a short story collection, Nazif Akhir Alhulm (The Last Haemorrhage of the Dream), when you were 21, and Cactus Girls when you were 24. For a 26-year old writer, you have a strikingly critical view of society. You don’t spare anyone or anything in Cactus Girls – religion, society, marriage and government, they all seem to work against the interests of women. What’s the reason for your strong views?
Karima Ahdad: When you are a writer from a country like Morocco, you can’t remain detached; you have to take a stand. You’re a writer but you’re also a citizen — a citizen who lacks the most basic rights, who doesn’t enjoy citizenship in the full meaning of the term. Before I’m a writer, I’m a Moroccan woman, and according to the law, my value is half that of a man’s. When I walk in the street, I can’t avoid constant sexual harassment, which the law doesn’t even punish. So women’s issues are part of my daily life, and in a society that is male-dominated to its core, governed by a legal system that is just as male-dominated, women’s sufferings are inseparable from their lives. In a society like ours, I can’t just shut my door, make a cup of coffee, and say I have the right to write regardless of whatever is happening outside the door.
I really enjoy the creativity of writing fiction – of inventing characters and lives and other possible existences. But I can’t create characters who are divorced from their social setting. When I write about Moroccan women, I’m not able to separate their behaviour and attitudes from the prevailing mentality. I have to connect their fates to the context of their lives, in which tragic things can happen to them just because they are women.
That’s the logic behind my novel. It’s about a family living in the city of El Hoceima in the Moroccan Rif, where there were huge protests in 2016–2017 against the marginalization of the countryside. The novel starts with the death of the father of the family. Because he didn’t have any sons, Islamic inheritance laws dictates that his widow Louisa and her four daughters have to sell their house, which is their only asset, and divide up the proceeds with the father’s siblings. This leaves them homeless and nearly penniless, so they have to start their lives from scratch. This isn’t just a Moroccan story; it happens a lot in other countries where the law views women as having half the worth of men, and inheritance law prevents them from accumulating any capital. When a woman is from a poor background, access to capital is a life and death matter. There isn’t any place for such discriminatory laws in the 21st century.
Societies have developed in the direction of greater individualism, and families are no longer dominated by tribal thinking. But the law hasn’t kept up with this change; it’s as if it even refuses to acknowledge it. The contradiction between society and the law leads to tragedy for many families, like the one in my novel.
KVV: Why did you call your novel Cactus Girls?
KA: Cacti grow everywhere in Morocco, under the worst conditions. They are used for protection, but they also symbolize strength and endurance. In the 1950s and 1960s, houses in the Moroccan countryside were surrounded by cacti to protect the women from the prying eyes of strange men. Women in those days used to do almost all the heavy work, everything from bringing water from distant wells to planting and tilling the fields, but the men did the harvesting and kept all the proceeds for themselves.
The women in Cactus Girls lose everything they have built and worked for, just because they are women and inheritance law is unfair. They’re forced to endure poverty, humiliation, religious extremism, and sexual harassment, but, like cacti, they manage to survive against all the odds. As Sonya, the eldest daughter, says: “Like all the women I’ve ever known, whatever their education or social background, I’ve become a cactus. We’ve learned patience, and how to survive and thrive through thirst and fire and drought, as if we were born from the cactus, we live in the cactus, and to the cactus we’ll return when we die.”
KVV: Critics have praised your novel for its direct, clear style and its polyphony. Each chapter features a character who speaks or thinks in the first person; for example, when Sonya talks about the absurdity of having to wear a jilbab instead of a coat:
“I knew that even if I justified myself from sunrise to sunset, no one would understand, because I didn’t understand myself. How can it be forbidden for women to wear coats just because they aren’t mentioned in the Qur’an? I mean, the Qur’an doesn’t mention TV, cars, bicycles, trains, brick and cement houses, washing machines, pressure cookers, chairs, wheelchairs, computers, mobile phones, satellites; even trousers and underwear. Does that mean they’re all forbidden too?”
Your use of polyphony and the first person take us right inside the minds of each character. Why did you choose this style?
KA: I relied on polyphony because I wanted to give each woman her own unique voice to express her cares and her sufferings. But I also gave the male characters, like the father, individual voices, not just to show how their chauvinist mentality harms women, but also to emphasize that men are poor and marginalized too; they have to fight to survive too. In areas like the Moroccan Rif that have been marginalized by the state, where the poverty level is high, the oppression of women increases.
I also believe writing should be accessible. This era needs a kind of writing that can reach the new generation, connect with their emotional lives, and encourage them to enjoy reading. That calls for clear, simple writing which draws its subjects, its metaphors, and its aesthetic from today’s language and imagination.
KVV: Is there a particular character in Cactus Girls who exemplifies your approach?
KA: The story includes several generations, from the Berber grandmother who lived in the 1940s to the youngest daughter Safaa, who is still a schoolgirl. One of the key characters is Shadia, the second of the four daughters. Shadia manages to get out of El Hoceima and go to university in Rabat – incidentally, that’s what I did too – but she’s torn between her desire to live a modern life and the strict expectations of a male-dominated society. When she gets the phone call about her father’s death, she’s just finished a one-night stand. Here’s an excerpt:
“Apart from his name, all I knew about the man I’d just spent the night with was that we’d met in a bar in downtown Rabat…. I skipped class the next day, as usual with no regrets. I’m the kind of person who lives totally for the moment.
As I took a final drag on my cigarette, my mobile rang. It was my mother calling to tell me my father had died.”
KVV: The critics love your work; it’s been reviewed in dozens of magazines and newspapers in Morocco and you’ve spoken about Cactus Girls at literary festivals in Europe. What kind of popular reaction did it have in Morocco?
KA: I’ve been inundated with messages on social media. Many women wrote to tell me that the novel reflects their lives, that they see themselves in Louisa or Sonya or Shaima, and young men write to say that I’ve described our male-dominated society perfectly. That’s probably because I drew so much on my work as a journalist. Ever since I was 18, I’ve travelled all over Morocco meeting every kind of people, and I put their lives in my novel.
KVV: Cactus Girls hasn’t been translated yet, but we hope to see it in English before long. What are your future writing projects?
KA: I’d love to see Cactus Girls reach a much wider audience. I’ve just finished The Turkish Dream, a novel about a Moroccan couple living in Turkey that I hope will be published soon.
KVV: We look forward to seeing your new novel in print!
Tagged #WITMonth, Karima Ahdad, Women in Translation Month
4 thoughts on “#WiTMonth Conversations: Karima Ahdad on ‘Cactus Girls’”
kimechlin1 says:
Are there any excerpts from Cactus Girls available? I love ArabLit–read it every day.
all my best, Kim
On Tue, Aug 4, 2020 at 12:15 AM ArabLit & ArabLit Quarterly wrote:
> mlynxqualey posted: “Our first “Women in Translation Month” conversation > is between Moroccan novelist Karim Ahdad and translator Katherine Van > de Vate, who is working to bring Ahdad’s first novel into English: By > Katherine Van de Vate Karima Ahdad is a Moroccan novelist” >
Pingback: #WiTMonth Conversations: Poet Dunya Mikhail on Her Debut Novel, ‘The Bird Tattoo’ – ArabLit & ArabLit Quarterly
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hi i can tech you earn high online income in covid-19113925 says:
New Lit: Excerpt of Stella Gaitano’s ‘The Souls of Eddo’
#WiTMonth Selections: 5 Folktale-inspired Stories Translated from Arabic
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Adele Confirms Album Release Date at Her Friend’s Wedding Party
Adele confirmed her new album is coming this September.
The "Hello" hitmaker announced the news herself at a wedding party over the weekend, where she served as both an officiant and performer at her friend Laura Dockrill’s wedding to musician Hugo White in London. While speaking on stage, Adele was filmed telling everyone there to "expect my album in September."
Her next album will be her first release since 25, which dropped nearly five years ago and included the chart-topping songs "Send My Love (To Your New Lover)" and "Water Under the Bridge" and "When We Were Young."
You can watch Adele's album release date announcement, below:
At the wedding, she also sang her hit "Rolling in the Deep."
For months, rumors of a new Adele album been swirling with unconfirmed reports that she's working on tracks with Harry Styles, Beyoncé and Nicki Minaj. Last month, the singer's manager also revealed she's going to release new music this year, telling Music Week "the sooner [the album comes out] the better."
In May 2019, Adele hinted that new music was coming was when she turned 31.
"This is 31...thank f---ing god – 30 tried me so hard but I’m owning it and trying my hardest to lean in to it all," she wrote on Instagram. "For the first time in a decade I’m ready to feel the world around me and look up for once."
"30 will be a drum n bass record to spite you," she added. "Chin up eh."
Source: Adele Confirms Album Release Date at Her Friend’s Wedding Party
Filed Under: Adele
Categories: Celebrity News, Music News, News
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Montreal Canadiens at Toronto Maple Leafs odds, picks and prediction NHL Opening Day 2021 schedule: How to watch hockey this week | TV, time, free live stream The Montreal Canadiens and Toronto Maple Leafs open the 2020-21 NHL regular season against each other Wednesday for a 7 p.m. ET puck drop at Scotiabank Arena in Toronto. Below, we analyze the Canadiens-Maple Leafs NHL betting odds and lines, with picks and predictions.Canadiens at Maple Leafs: Betting odds, spread and lines.Odds via BetMGM; access USA TODAY Sports’ betting odds for a full list. Lines last updated at 5:52 a.m. ET. Carey Price (27-25-6, .909 SV%, 2.79 GAA) at Frederik Andersen (29-13-7, .909 SV%, 2.85 GAA)Price is expected to be the starting backstop for the opener, and that’s bad news for the Leafs. Last season he posted a 3-0-0 record with a 2.58 GAA and .912 SV% in three starts against Toronto. Price is expected to see more rest this season after the team inked veteran G Jake Allen to serve as his understudy this season. Andersen, who is entering the final year of his contract with the Maple Leafs, is hopeful of getting off to a good start. The 31-year Danish backstop was actually better on the road last season than at home, going 13-7-6 with a 3.03 GAA and .904 SV% in 28 starts at Scotiabank Arena. He actually didn’t face the Habs last season after going 3-0-1 with a 3.14 GAA and .918 SV% against them in 2018-19, and 3-0-0 with a 1.66 GAA and .950 SV% in 2017-18. He hasn’t lost to the Habs over his past seven starts since an overtime loss at home on Feb. 25, 2017. Get some action on this game or any NHL matchup with a legal, online bet at BetMGM in CO, IA, IN, NJ, PA, TN and WV. Risk-free first bet up to $500, paid in free bets. Terms and conditions apply. Bet now!Despite Price’s recent success against the them in 2019-20, the MAPLE LEAFS (-145) are still the play at home, and you won’t have to munch a lot of chalk. Yes, Montreal has won four in a row in this series, but it has won just once in the past five trips to Toronto, and the favorite is 19-7 across the past 26 meetings with the home side coming out ahead in four of the previous five battles. I am not confident enough to bet puck lines right off the bat to begin a new season. Given Montreal’s success against Toronto last season, you shouldn’t be, The OVER 6.5 (+100) is rather pricey. It will be interesting to see how both of the teams respond playing inside a barren 19,800-seat arena which is usually packed to the gills for this heated Canadian rival game. These teams got a taste of playing meaningful games with no fans in the bubble last summer, but it’s still something that is hard to get used to without that energy to feed off. Even so, we should see plenty of fireworks on the ice as the Over has cashed in five of the previous six meetings. Hockey is back, and your favorite teams will hit the ice starting Wednesday, January 13 (1/13/2021) to kick off the shortened 56-game season as the NHL continues to navigate the Covid-19 pandemic.Teams in the newly-formed North, Central, East and West divisions will played in one of 15 opening games between Wednesday and Thursday, January 14 (1/14/2021).NHL Games are broadcast on a variety of regional sports networks and national networks depending on the team, the matchup and the region. Navigating which team is on which channel when — and where to stream it — can be a challenge, but for Opening Day, at least, we have you covered. For games on regional NBC and Fox sports networks, such as MSG or NESN, you are unlikely to be able to watch the game on TV, or a Live TV streaming service, out of market. Instead, NHL Center Ice is your best choice for catching as many out of market games as you can all season long.Here’s the full 2021 NHL Opening Day lineup on TV and live streaming services. All times ET:When the NHL charter flight back from the Edmonton bubble landed in New Jersey, Gary Bettman’s phone started ringing. The commissioner thought he’d get a couple of weeks to exhale after awarding the Stanley Cup to the Tampa Bay Lightning. Instead, it was back to work.Of course, planning for the 2021 season began well before late September. It took a longterm extension of the collective bargaining agreement between the league and players’ union, layers of health and safety protocols, realigned divisions and convincing multiple government agencies that it is safe to play.The season opens Wednesday and Bettman estimates the league will lose over $1 billion even by playing. It’s a gamble everyone was willing to make to keep hockey going during the pandemic. It would be cheaper for us to shut the doors and not play,” Bettman said Monday. “We’re coming back to play this season because we think it’s important for the game, because our fans and our players want us to, and it may give people, particularly those who are back in isolation or where there are curfews, a sense of normalcy and something to do. None of the four major North American men’s professional sports leagues rely as much on attendance as the NHL: Roughly 50% of all revenue comes from ticket sales, concessions and other in-arena elements. That’s why the league and players prioritized extending the CBA before completing last season in twin playoff bubbles; they knew no fans slashes revenue for everyone.The agreement gave the NHL a blueprint to operate and labor peace through at least 2026. You always have to make judgments about what you think the future’s going to hold and how do you attempt to maximize the benefits and minimize the detriments, mitigate your risks, take advantage of opportunities and so on,” NHLPA executive director Don Fehr said in a phone interview. “I think the agreement that we reached last summer, certainly from the players’ standpoint, was fair and reasonable and appropriate, and took all of those things into account. And I don’t second guess it.” Living by the terms of that agreement means some short-term pain for owners now, and Bettman warned recently that players could have to repay some money later based on the 50/50 split of revenue. But that was just one part of the puzzle of pulling all this together, which started with when to begin play and how to do it.With the clock ticking down in mid-December, the sides agreed to open training camps for most teams just after Jan. 1 and drop the puck Jan. 13. Each team is scheduled to play 56 all divisional games during the regular season set to run until May 8, though the Dallas Stars’ outbreak and delayed start has already forced the question of how to handle various situations. There’s no hard and fast rule on how many positive test results would endanger a game and the addition of taxi squads of four to six players mitigates the risk. Watching other leagues postpone and reschedule games has helped, as has regular communication among medical experts.We’ve had the opportunity to learn a lot from each other because there’s so little science behind what’s going on because it’s happened so quickly,” NHL chief medical officer Dr. Winne Meeuwisse said. “Everything from infection control to testing strategies, how we interpret test results, how we act on positives, how we manage cases are all things that that we share on an anonymous basis so that we are able to refine what we do and do the best job we can of keeping the players and everybody around the game safe.” Players are tested daily and all arenas except for three — Florida Panthers, Arizona Coyotes and the Stars — will not have fans as the season gets going. The league realigned its teams to include an all-Canadian division to avoid border crossing hassle; questions remain about where the San Jose Sharks will play home games because of a ban on team sports in Santa Clara County, California. Expected and unforeseen problems will come up, but officials who were optimistic the entire way through negotiations to get to this point are confident the NHL can again get to the finish line.We’ve watched what’s happened in in the other sports and they’ve had their issues and been able to get through it, and I’m pretty sure we’ll be able to do it,” Fehr said. Bettman agreed there will be bumps along the way, and deputy commissioner Bill Daly doesn’t expect widespread vaccination of players to alleviate concerns before the end of this season. Just like the bubble, the NHL wants to get through this season with hopes of brighter days — and full arenas — ahead.What’s aspirational is we get through the season, we have an on-ice terrific season, great playoffs, we present the Stanley Cup and the world is back to normal for the ’21-22 season,” Bettman said. “Anything beyond that would be great.”
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ACMI - Australian Centre for the Moving Image
Museums in the 21st Century. Keynote address by Glenn D Lowry (Director, The Museum of Modern Art)
The Director of New York’s Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), Glenn D Lowry will present a keynote address for the first time in Australia at the Australian Centre for the Moving Image, (ACMI), on Thursday 24 June, 2010.
Art Exhibition previously on at ACMI - Australian Centre for the Moving Image in Australia.
From Thursday 24 June 2010 to Thursday 24 June 2010
Launch Thursday 24 June 2010, 2.30pm – 4pm
Published by anonymous on Tuesday 04 May 2010.
Lowry is in Australia for the opening of Tim Burton: The Exhibition at ACMI, for its only staging in the Southern Hemisphere.
The keynote address and panel discussion will explore the current trends and future challenges and directions of museums in the 21st century. Focusing on MoMA’s activities as a case study, Lowry will identify the changing nature of collecting, exhibiting and commissioning and will explore how institutions are transcending the limitations of the physical space by developing new creative collaborations across national and international boundaries and in the online world.
The panel session that follows, chaired by ACMI Director, Tony Sweeney, with John Kaldor, Director of Kaldor Public Art Projects, public broadcaster and commentator Phillip Adams and Elizabeth Ann Macgregor, Director of Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney, will continue the discussion by investigating how institutions are realigning their programs and shifting their artistic focuses and practices. The panel members will also contribute to a discussion about the way institutions maintain public relevance in a time of rapid social and cultural change and how the impact of digital technologies and the demands of the audience is shaping the development of the sector.
Mr. Sweeney, says that the discussion will allow local cultural institutions the opportunity to engage with a leading international gallery.
“Glenn is one of the most respected gallery directors in the world today, and his leadership of MoMA has been transformational in positioning it for the future. We are delighted to provide Australians with this rare opportunity to hear from him direct on the challenges and opportunities facing the cultural sector in the 21st century.”
The Tim Burton exhibition developed by MoMA and expanded by ACMI, cements the relationship between the two institutions which developed with the popular Pixar: 20 Years of Animation which showed at ACMI in 2007.
Exploring Burton’s visual imagination from his earliest childhood drawings through his mature work in film, Tim Burton brings together over 700 examples of rarely or never-before-seen drawings, paintings, photographs, storyboards, moving-image works, puppets, maquettes, costumes, and cinematic ephemera spanning his 27-year career.
Tim Burton is presented as part of Melbourne Winter Masterpieces 2010 for a strictly limited season from 24 June to 10 October 2010, only at ACMI.
Glenn D Lowry’s Keynote Address Museums in the 21st Century and panel discussion is on at ACMI on Thursday 24 June from 2.30pm. The event is free but seats are limited. Tickets are only available on the day of the event from the Tickets and Information counter. For more information please visit: www.acmi.net.au
http://www.acmi.net.au
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HAPPY NEW YEAR! - 10% OFF ALL POSTERS - DISCOUNT APPLIED AT CHECKOUT!
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Superstar: The Life and Times of Andy Warhol - 1991
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Size: 69 cm x 104 cm (27 in x 41 in)
A guaranteed original one sheet movie poster from 1991 for Chuck Workman's biographical documentary "Superstar: The Life and Times of Andy Warhol".
Featuring footage of Warhol and his brother John, Roy Lichtenstein, David Hockney, Dennis Hopper, Victor Hugo, Ultra Violet and Shelley Winters, this critically acclaimed documentary follows Warhol from his Pittsburgh childhood, through the invention of 'pop art' and the years of "The Factory" to his untimely death as the result of complications from a shooting.
Definitely a movie to search for if you have more than a passing interest in art, celebrity or history.
The design of this superb single-sided poster reflects Warhol's own screen-prints, with his famous wig replacing the likes of Marilyn Monroe, Muhammad Ali, Chairman Mao and Jackie Onassis. It has not been folded, and, as our photos show, is in great condition - a super piece of pop art in its own right!
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The water of life – a tale
Home/Blogs/Personal story/The water of life – a tale
I have just read this tale. Hope it can reach you. All of you.
The water of life
There was once a King who had an illness, and no one believed that he would come out of it with his life. He had three sons who were much distressed about it, and went down into the palace-garden and wept. There they met an old man who inquired as to the cause of their grief. They told him that their father was so ill that he would most certainly die, for nothing seemed to cure him. Then the old man said, “I know of one more remedy, and that is the water of life; if he drinks of it he will become well again; but it is hard to find.” The eldest said, “I will manage to find it,” and went to the sick King, and begged to be allowed to go forth in search of the water of life, for that alone could save him. “No,” said the King, “the danger of it is too great. I would rather die.” But he begged so long that the King consented. The prince thought in his heart, “If I bring the water, then I shall be best beloved of my father, and shall inherit the kingdom.” So he set out, and when he had ridden forth a little distance, a dwarf stood there in the road who called to him and said, “Whither away so fast?” – “Silly shrimp,” said the prince, very haughtily, “it is nothing to do with you,” and rode on. But the little dwarf had grown angry, and had wished an evil wish. Soon after this the prince entered a ravine, and the further he rode the closer the mountains drew together, and at last the road became so narrow that he could not advance a step further; it was impossible either to turn his horse or to dismount from the saddle, and he was shut in there as if in prison. The sick King waited long for him, but he came not. Then the second son said, “Father, let me go forth to seek the water,” and thought to himself, “If my brother is dead, then the kingdom will fall to me.” At first the King would not allow him to go either, but at last he yielded, so the prince set out on the same road that his brother had taken, and he too met the dwarf, who stopped him to ask, whither he was going in such haste? “Little shrimp,” said the prince, “that is nothing to thee,” and rode on without giving him another look. But the dwarf bewitched him, and he, like the other, rode into a ravine, and could neither go forwards nor backwards. So fare haughty people.
As the second son also remained away, the youngest begged to be allowed to go forth to fetch the water, and at last the King was obliged to let him go. When he met the dwarf and the latter asked him whither he was going in such haste, he stopped, gave him an explanation, and said, “I am seeking the water of life, for my father is sick unto death.” – “Dost thou know, then, where that is to be found?” – “No,” said the prince. “As thou hast borne thyself as is seemly, and not haughtily like thy false brothers, I will give thee the information and tell thee how thou mayst obtain the water of life. It springs from a fountain in the courtyard of an enchanted castle, but thou wilt not be able to make thy way to it, if I do not give thee an iron wand and two small loaves of bread. Strike thrice with the wand on the iron door of the castle and it will spring open: inside lie two lions with gaping jaws, but if thou throwest a loaf to each of them, they will be quieted. Then hasten to fetch some of the water of life before the clock strikes twelve, else the door will shut again, and thou wilt be imprisoned.” The prince thanked him, took the wand and the bread, and set out on his way. When he arrived, everything was as the dwarf had said. The door sprang open at the third stroke of the wand, and when he had appeased the lions with the bread, he entered the castle, and came to a large and splendid hall, wherein sat some enchanted princes whose rings he drew off their fingers. A sword and a loaf of bread were lying there, which he carried away. After this, he entered a chamber, in which was a beautiful maiden who rejoiced when she saw him, kissed him, and told him that he had delivered her, and should have the whole of her kingdom, and that if he would return in a year their wedding should be celebrated; likewise she told him where the spring of the water of life was, and that he was to hasten and draw some of it before the clock struck twelve. Then he went onwards, and at last entered a room where there was a beautiful newly-made bed, and as he was very weary, he felt inclined to rest a little. So he lay down and fell asleep. When he awoke, it was striking a quarter to twelve. He sprang up in a fright, ran to the spring, drew some water in a cup which stood near, and hastened away. But just as he was passing through the iron door, the clock struck twelve, and the door fell to with such violence that it carried away a piece of his heel. He, however, rejoicing at having obtained the water of life, went homewards, and again passed the dwarf. When the latter saw the sword and the loaf, he said, “With these thou hast won great wealth; with the sword thou canst slay whole armies, and the bread will never come to an end.” But the prince would not go home to his father without his brothers, and said, “Dear dwarf, canst thou not tell me where my two brothers are? They went out before I did in search of the water of life, and have not returned.” – “They are imprisoned between two mountains,” said the dwarf. “I have condemned them to stay there, because they were so haughty.” Then the prince begged until the dwarf released them; but he warned him, however, and said, “Beware of them, for they have bad hearts.” When his brothers came, he rejoiced, and told them how things had gone with him, that he had found the water of life and had brought a cupful away with him, and had rescued a beautiful princess, who was willing to wait a year for him, and then their wedding was to be celebrated and he would obtain a great kingdom. After that they rode on together, and chanced upon a land where war and famine reigned, and the King already thought he must perish, for the scarcity was so great. Then the prince went to him and gave him the loaf, wherewith he fed and satisfied the whole of his kingdom, and then the prince gave him the sword also wherewith he slew the hosts of his enemies, and could now live in rest and peace. The prince then took back his loaf and his sword, and the three brothers rode on. But after this they entered two more countries where war and famine reigned and each time the prince gave his loaf and his sword to the Kings, and had now delivered three kingdoms, and after that they went on board a ship and sailed over the sea. During the passage, the two eldest conversed apart and said, “The youngest has found the water of life and not we, for that our father will give him the kingdom the kingdom which belongs to us, and he will rob us of all our fortune.” They then began to seek revenge, and plotted with each other to destroy him. They waited until they found him fast asleep, then they poured the water of life out of the cup, and took it for themselves, but into the cup they poured salt sea-water. Now therefore, when they arrived home, the youngest took his cup to the sick King in order that he might drink out of it, and be cured. But scarcely had he drunk a very little of the salt sea-water than he became still worse than before. And as he was lamenting over this, the two eldest brothers came, and accused the youngest of having intended to poison him, and said that they had brought him the true water of life, and handed it to him. He had scarcely tasted it, when he felt his sickness departing, and became strong and healthy as in the days of his youth. After that they both went to the youngest, mocked him, and said, “You certainly found the water of life, but you have had the pain, and we the gain; you should have been sharper, and should have kept your eyes open. We took it from you whilst you were asleep at sea, and when a year is over, one of us will go and fetch the beautiful princess. But beware that you do not disclose aught of this to our father; indeed he does not trust you, and if you say a single word, you shall lose your life into the bargain, but if you keep silent, you shall have it as a gift.”
The old King was angry with his youngest son, and thought he had plotted against his life. So he summoned the court together and had sentence pronounced upon his son, that he should be secretly shot. And once when the prince was riding forth to the chase, suspecting no evil, the King’s huntsman had to go with him, and when they were quite alone in the forest, the huntsman looked so sorrowful that the prince said to him, “Dear huntsman, what ails you?” The huntsman said, “I cannot tell you, and yet I ought.” Then the prince said, “Say openly what it is, I will pardon you.” – “Alas!” said the huntsman, “I am to shoot you dead, the King has ordered me to do it.” Then the prince was shocked, and said, “Dear huntsman, let me live; there, I give you my royal garments; give me your common ones in their stead.” The huntsman said, “I will willingly do that, indeed I should not have been able to shoot you.” Then they exchanged clothes, and the huntsman returned home; the prince, however, went further into the forest. After a time three waggons of gold and precious stones came to the King for his youngest son, which were sent by the three Kings who had slain their enemies with the prince’s sword, and maintained their people with his bread, and who wished to show their gratitude for it. The old King then thought, “Can my son have been innocent?” and said to his people, “Would that he were still alive, how it grieves me that I have suffered him to be killed!” – “He still lives,” said the huntsman, “I could not find it in my heart to carry out your command,” and told the King how it had happened. Then a stone fell from the King’s heart, and he had it proclaimed in every country that his son might return and be taken into favour again.
The princess, however, had a road made up to her palace which was quite bright and golden, and told her people that whosoever came riding straight along it to her, would be the right wooer and was to be admitted, and whoever rode by the side of it, was not the right one, and was not to be admitted. As the time was now close at hand, the eldest thought he would hasten to go to the King’s daughter, and give himself out as her deliverer, and thus win her for his bride, and the kingdom to boot. Therefore he rode forth, and when he arrived in front of the palace, and saw the splendid golden road, he thought, it would be a sin and a shame if he were to ride over that, and turned aside, and rode on the right side of it. But when he came to the door, the servants told him that he was not the right man, and was to go away again. Soon after this the second prince set out, and when he came to the golden road, and his horse had put one foot on it, he thought, it would be a sin and a shame to tread a piece of it off, and he turned aside and rode on the left side of it, and when he reached the door, the attendants told him he was not the right one, and he was to go away again. When at last the year had entirely expired, the third son likewise wished to ride out of the forest to his beloved, and with her forget his sorrows. So he set out and thought of her so incessantly, and wished to be with her so much, that he never noticed the golden road at all. So his horse rode onwards up the middle of it, and when he came to the door, it was opened and the princess received him with joy, and said he was her deliverer, and lord of the kingdom, and their wedding was celebrated with great rejoicing. When it was over she told him that his father invited him to come to him, and had forgiven him. So he rode thither, and told him everything; how his brothers had betrayed him, and how he had nevertheless kept silence. The old King wished to punish them, but they had put to sea, and never came back as long as they lived.
This entry was published on 18 April 2017 and was updated on 20 April 2017 / Furio. Posted in Personal story. Bookmark the permalink.
Last broadcast
My dear fellow listeners, I am Sebastian and I am speaking to you – I regret to say it – for the last time. I am not sure how long the generator I am using will last, but from the look of it I don’t have much time left. I am home alone. Outside everything […]
Atlantis News #6
Here New Atlantis Radio. I’m Sebastian. Atlantidei friends, it has been complicated to get connected. The fact of finding a generator through many adventures has made that even today we could go live to disseminate our voices, our testimonies. But trust me that I will personally will do everything so that this can […]
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Home > News > WOW! 13 More Concerts Scheduled for 2018
WOW! 13 More Concerts Scheduled for 2018
Dancing with the Stars: Live! – Light Up the Night
Sunday, January 14, 2018 at 8pm
Monday, January 15, 2018 at 7:30pm
Tickets: $109, $95, $80
Members On Sale: Friday, October 6 at 12pm
Public On Sale: Monday, October 9 at 10am
TV’s hottest show is going back on tour across America this winter in Dancing with the Stars: Live! – Light Up the Night. Fans of the show have the opportunity to see the best ballroom dancers in the business perform live in their hometowns. This all-new production showcases ballroom and contemporary dances from ABC’s hit show Dancing with the Stars, including sizzling group numbers, steamy duets, and over the top original pieces.
The Tenors
Thursday, February 15, 2018 at 8pm
Members On Sale: Tuesday, October 10 at 9am
Public On Sale: Saturday, October 14 at 9am
Since 2008, Canadian vocal super group The Tenors have been thrilling audiences around the world with their powerful songs and outstanding harmonies. Blending classical music and contemporary pop, the award winning and multi-platinum selling band have achieved international success, showcasing their undeniable charm and diverse vocal styles performing over 700 shows on five continents.
The Temptations & The Four Tops
Thursday, March 8, 2018 at 8pm
Public On Sale: Saturday, November 4 at 9am
Thanks to their fine-tuned choreography, and even finer harmonies, The Temptations became one of the most successful acts to record for Motown Records. During the group’s five-decade career, these Grammy winners have charted numerous #1 hits including “My Girl,” “Ain’t Too Proud to Beg,” “Get Ready,” “Just My Imagination,” and “Papa Was a Rollin’ Stone,” among many others. The Four Tops teamed up in high school and spent over four decades without a single personnel change to become one of Motown’s most consistent hit makers. “Baby I Need Your Loving,” “I Can’t Help Myself (Sugar Pie, Honey Bunch),” “Reach Out (I’ll Be There),” and “Ain’t No Woman (Like the One I’ve Got)” are just some of their well-known hits.
The Charlie Daniels Band
Thursday, March 15, 2018 at 8pm
Fiddler extraordinaire, Charlie Daniels, is bringing his rockin’ country band back to AMT! A down-home, good-old boy attitude, mixed with hard-edged Southern rock boogie and blues, is what sets the Charlie Daniels Band apart. Their instrumental dexterity can be heard in their free-wheeling country tunes like “Long Haired Country Boy,” “The Legend of Wooley Swamp,” “The South’s Gonna Do It,” and especially their Grammy winning hit, “The Devil Went Down to Georgia.”
Brain Candy Live!
Friday, March 16, 2018 at 7:30pm
Adam Savage, one of TV’s most loved personalities, and Michael Stevens, one of YouTube’s biggest stars, bring their crazy toys, incredible tools, and mind-blowing demonstrations to AMT for a celebration of curiosity that’s an interactive, hands-on, minds-on theatrical experience. Savage and Stevens will unleash their collective sense of wonder, curiosity, and fun and invite you to join-in and get your mind messy. Join Adam and Michael as they use their secret recipe of fun, surprise, excitement, (and just a pinch of danger,) to cook-up a giant batch of magical Brain Candy.
Celtic Woman: The Homecoming Tour
Friday, April 6, 2018 at 8pm
Saturday, April 7, 2018 at 8pm
On a winter’s night in Dublin 14 years ago…an idea. To create a musical show with exceptional talent. Classically and traditionally trained Irish female musicians. Celtic Woman was born. Since its debut, global musical sensation Celtic Woman’s concerts continue to touch the hearts of a huge audience that spans the globe. Both an accomplished recording ensemble and a world-class performing collective, Celtic Woman celebrates Ireland’s rich musical and cultural heritage, while continuing its remarkable legacy of introducing some of Ireland’s most talented singers and musicians onto the world stage. It’s a universal celebration of life. It’s traditional, it’s contemporary. It’s yesterday, today and tomorrow. Experience Celtic Woman on their worldwide Homecoming Tour – LIVE from Ireland. Celtic Woman continues to transcend national and cultural boundaries to celebrate the timeless emotion of Ireland’s centuries-old heritage. A one-of-a-kind live act, Celtic Woman combines the country’s finest musical talents with epic stage production to present a uniquely inspiring live experience. Homecoming represents the next chapter of their extraordinary musical journey.
Saturday, May 5, 2018 at 3pm & 8pm
Everyman comic Bill Engvall returns to AMT with his own brand of down-home humor and country comedy. His debut album, Here’s Your Sign, has achieved gold record status, and has become a comedy classic. He was named Best Male Standup at the American Comedy Awards, and took his act out on the road as part of the Blue Collar Comedy Tour. Engvall’s 2009 album, Aged and Confused, reached #2 on Billboard’s Top Comedy Album charts. Don’t miss this evening of fun and silliness with Bill Engvall!
ABBA: The Concert
Sunday, May 6, 2018 at 3pm
ABBA: The Concert brings one of the greatest pop successes in the history of music back to life. Forming in 1996, ABBA: The Concert features the band Waterloo, and presents a visually and musically stunning tribute to Sweden’s pop superstars. ABBA: The Concert is a remarkable recreation of the group that brought you “Dancing Queen,” “Mamma Mia,” “SOS,” “Fernando,” “Take a Chance on Me,” “Waterloo,” and more. Audiences agree that “this is the closest to ABBA you’ll ever get.”
Thursday, May 31, 2018 at 8pm
Celebrating over 60 years in the music industry, Johnny Mathis is a 5-time Grammy nominee and Lifetime Achievement Award winner from the Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. He’s best-known for his supremely popular hits like “Chances Are,” “It’s Not For Me To Say,” “Wonderful, Wonderful,” “The Twelfth of Never,” and “Misty.” During his extensive career he has had three songs inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, achieved 50 hits on Billboard’s Adult Contemporary Chart, and ranks as the all-time #6 album artist in the history of Billboard’s pop album charts. Joining Johnny Mathis will be Gary Mule Deer, whose unique blend of comedy and music has set him apart as a one-of-a-kind performer. Gary has appeared regularly in Las Vegas, Reno, Lake Tahoe and Atlantic City, and for over 20 years has toured as a Special Guest with Mr. Mathis in major venues all across the U.S. and Canada.
Summer Doo Wop Cavalcade
Saturday, June 16, 2018 at 2pm & 7:30pm
Members On Sale: Tuesday, November 7 at 9am
Public On Sale: Saturday, November 11 at 9am
This Summer’s all-new Doo Wop Cavalcade is sure to be a knock-out! We’ve assembled a terrific line-up of some of your favorite groups. Be a part of the mood, the moments, the sights and the sounds of pure Doo Wop with The Brooklyn Bridge, The Coasters, Shirley Alston Reeves, original lead singer of The Shirelles, Emil Stucchio & The Classics, Little Peggy March, and The Knockouts. Don’t miss these legends of Doo Wop!
The Texas Tenors
Friday, July 13, 2018 at 8pm
Since their whirlwind debut several years ago on NBC’s America’s Got Talent, The Texas Tenors have accumulated a long list of awards and accolades, and collaborated with some of the most prestigious symphonies and performing arts centers throughout the globe. From Bruno Mars to Puccini, The Texas Tenors treat audiences to a unique blend of country, classical, Broadway, and current pop music with breathtaking vocals, humor, and a touch of cowboy charm. The Texas Tenors’ most recent PBS special, Rise, was released in 2017.
Sunday, July 29, 2018 at 7pm
A street poet and singer of extraordinary versatility, Dion helped define rock ‘n roll for a generation. A Grammy nominee and Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee, Dion and his group the Belmonts earned their place in the history books with songs such as “A Teenager in Love” and “Where or When.” After going solo, Dion racked up a string of hits including “Runaround Sue,” “Lovers Who Wander,” “The Wanderer,” “Ruby Baby,” “Donna the Prima Donna,” and “Abraham, Martin and John.”
The Golden Boys starring Frankie Avalon, Fabian & Bobby Rydell
Sunday, August 19, 2018 at 3pm
Frankie Avalon went from 50’s teen idol to a national and international star. His first song “De De Dinah” became a smash hit and his recording of “Venus” was one of the biggest selling hits of the era. His follow-up hits include “Bobbysocks to Stockings,” “Just As Your Heart,” and “A Boy Without a Girl.” With a series of performances on Dick Clark’s American Bandstand, Fabian became one of the top teen idols of the late 1950’s. Fabian enjoyed great success with the hits “Turn Me Loose,” “Hound Dog Man,” and the million-selling “Tiger” single. Another American Bandstand alum was Bobby Rydell, who had million selling singles with “Volare,” “Wild One,” and “We Got Love,” and additional success with “Swingin’ School,” “Kissin’ Time,” and “Forget Him.” This show is sure to bring back many a teenage memory!
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History on the Ground
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Antonine Wall and motte, 75m south west of Antonine Primary School
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A Scheduled Monument in Bonnybridge and Larbert, Falkirk
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Latitude: 55.9966 / 55°59'47"N
Longitude: -3.8863 / 3°53'10"W
OS Eastings: 282447
OS Northings: 679789
OS Grid: NS824797
Mapcode National: GBR 1F.V8WG
Mapcode Global: WH4PT.8JMS
Entry Name: Antonine Wall and motte, 75m SW of Antonine Primary School
Scheduled Date: 26 November 2009
Source: Historic Environment Scotland
Source ID: SM12373
Schedule Class: Cultural
Category: Roman: Antonine Wall; Secular: motte
Location: Falkirk
County: Falkirk
Electoral Ward: Bonnybridge and Larbert
Traditional County: Stirlingshire
This monument comprises a section of the Antonine Wall and a later medieval motte located within the grounds of Antonine Primary School. The monument lies 75m SW of Antonine Primary School and is immediately adjacent to an industrial estate to the east, formerly the site of Bonnybridge Railway station. The monument was first scheduled in 1975 and rescheduled in 2005; the present scheduling brings the scheduling up to modern standards.
Dating to the mid-second century AD, the Antonine Wall comprised five linear elements: an outer mound, a broad V-shaped ditch, an open area of ground, the rampart and an associated road known as the Military Way. In general the Wall ditch was a broad and V-profiled earthwork, measuring 12m wide at its maximum and around 3.6m in depth. The outer mound was formed with upcast on the N lip of the ditch that created an additional obstacle and heightened the N slope of the ditch. An open area of ground, known as the berm, separated the ditch from the rampart and excavations at several locations have revealed evidence of pits. These are interpreted as a defensive feature known as 'lilia', rows of pits containing sharp wooden stakes. A cluster of lilia pits are preserved at the fort of Rough Castle. Lilia pits were probably disguised and arranged in off-set rows to prevent attackers running straight across. The rampart was constructed of turf blocks standing on a stone base around 4.3m in width, except between Falkirk and Bo'ness where the rampart was composed of an earth core faced with clay cheeks. Generally, the stone base comprised a single course of roughly squared outer kerbs with a rubble core and incorporated culverts, box-like stone-lined channels that allowed water to drain through the rampart more efficiently.
Excavations in the 1930s demonstrated that this section of the frontier is well preserved as buried remains comprising the rampart, ditch, and the berm. The ditch survives as a gentle hollow running through the school playing field. The eroded Seabegs motte, the remains of a later medieval motte-and-bailey castle, stand on the N lip of the Antonine Wall ditch. The motte is formed from a substantially altered natural knoll and exploits the Antonine Wall ditch as its S defence. The motte is first recorded in a charter of 1542 as 'lie Mot de Seybeggis'. In the 1930s, the construction of a new road, cutting through the line of the Antonine Wall and across the NE corner of the motte, allowed limited excavation to take place. The foundations of the rampart were observed to be broken freestone rather than boulders, and were 4.3m wide. Few traces of the superstructure survived. The berm was recorded as 5.5m wide while the ditch was around 15.2m broad and approximately 3.7m deep. The fill of the ditch was found to include waterlogged contexts containing well-preserved organic matter. A band of mixed clay and earth on the N lip of the ditch was interpreted as remains of the upcast mound.
The area to be scheduled is irregular on plan, to include the remains described and an area around within which related remains may be expected to be found, as shown in red on the accompanying map. The scheduling extends up to but excludes the above-ground elements of the property boundary on the west.
Statement of Scheduling
Cultural Significance
The monument's cultural significance can be expressed as follows:
Intrinsic characteristics
The monument is a well-preserved stretch of the Antonine Wall, partly overlain by a later medieval motte, which has been partially excavated. Running through an area that has undergone extensive development, the monument is an important survival as documentary evidence indicates that it was not disturbed by industry in the 19th and 20th centuries. The potential for the survival of buried deposits is high as excavation in the 1930s demonstrated the excellent preservation of the rampart base, berm and ditch at this location.
The monument possesses good potential to provide high-quality archaeological evidence relating to the date, construction, maintenance and subsequent abandonment of the Antonine Wall and Roman frontier systems in general. There is excellent potential for the recovery of environmental samples from the fills of the ditch and from ancient ground surfaces sealed by remains of the rampart as indicated by the 1930s excavations. Such evidence offers excellent potential to enhance our knowledge of the local landscape when the Antonine Wall was built and in use.
Seabegs motte represents the remains of an Anglo-Norman motte-and-bailey type timber castle, specifically sited to exploit the Antonine Wall ditch. A series of smaller ditches extended around the N, W and E sides of the motte, creating a quadrangular outer defence that was mistaken by antiquaries as being a Roman fortification. Motte-and-bailey castles were a type of lordly fortified dwelling that became common across the British Isles from perhaps as early as the later 11th century and archaeologists believe that mottes were still under construction is some parts of Scotland until as late as the 14th century. Mottes are mainly associated with the spread of feudal society, and in Scotland represent attempts by the crown to control the land through the introduction of an immigrant aristocracy. It has excellent potential for the survival of buried deposits that could enhance our understanding of its construction, development and subsequent abandonment. In particular, remains of the timber tower that stood on top of the motte may be represented by negative evidence such as post-holes and foundations of associated structures while artefactual evidence may illustrate the date and duration of occupation, as well as highlighting the range of contacts those resident at Seabegs Motte had with the wider world. The associated ditches, particularly the Antonine Wall ditch on the south, may contain valuable artefactual evidence that could inform our understanding of the character of occupation at the site and highlight maintenance regimes. Additionally, environmental evidence from these waterlogged deposits could help us build a better understanding of the local landscape at the time Seabegs Motte was occupied.
Contextual characteristics
The Antonine Wall, established in the years following 142 AD, represents Scotland's most significant Roman monument. Measuring 60km in length, the Wall spans the narrow neck of land between Bo'ness on the River Forth and Old Kilpatrick on the River Clyde. Incorporating a continuous system of wall and ditch, the Wall is accompanied at regular intervals by forts, fortlets and other structures linked by a road system. Archaeologists believe the layout of the frontier underwent alteration either during or immediately after construction with more forts being added, reducing the distance between garrisons. The Wall is one of only three linear barriers to be found along the 2000km European frontier of the Roman Empire, the other examples being Hadrian's Wall and the Rhine limes, and these are unique to Germany and Britain. However, the Antonine Wall is unique in the disposition of its forts at such close intervals and in the use of a turf superstructure on a stone foundation, an adaptation unparalleled elsewhere in the Roman Empire.
Like other Roman frontiers, the Antonine Wall was intended to control and monitor cross-border movement into Roman-controlled territory rather than acting as a fortification to halt massed attack. However, it is likely that the frontier's physical presence in the landscape, a continuous barrier spanning central Scotland, discouraged small-scale local raiding.
The Antonine Wall has a close relationship with the topography of central Scotland. Much of the frontier occupies the southern edge of the valley formed by the Rivers Kelvin and Carron, a position that offered the Antonine Wall wide-ranging views over the Kilsyth Hills, the Campsie Fells, and Kilpatrick Hills and meant that it was widely visible in the landscape. The route of the Antonine Wall also has commanding views over natural communication routes.
The Antonine Wall formed part of the wider Roman reoccupation of Scotland. This comprises a web of roads interconnecting the forts and fortlets controlling the area to the south of the Wall. To the north of the frontier a chain of outpost forts, linked by a road, extended from Camelon on the outskirts of Falkirk to Bertha on the outskirts of Perth.
Seabegs motte is one of several later medieval fortifications that lie on the line of the Antonine Wall, exploiting what were likely to have been substantial fortifications. Although not sited in a particularly elevated location, it is clear that Seabegs motte drew its defensive strength from the earthworks of the Antonine Wall. Defence may not have been the primary factor for the construction of Seabegs motte as a crossing of the Bonny Water lies nearby. As a result, Seabegs motte may have controlled a key communication and transport route through central Scotland, perhaps yielding important economic benefits for the Lordship of Seabegs.
Associative characteristics
The Antonine Wall was established by the Emperor Antoninus Pius (AD 138-61) after successful campaigning in AD 139-42 by the Governor of Britain, Quintus Lollius Urbicus. It replaced Hadrian's Wall as the Empire's most northerly frontier. The Wall remained in use until it was abandoned in the years after 158AD, when the Roman army withdrew from Scotland and the frontier line shifted again to Hadrian's Wall. The construction and purpose of the Antonine Wall exemplifies the wider system of military frontier management, termed limes, which stretched over the whole of the Roman Empire.
The Antonine Wall forms an extension to the existing transnational 'Frontiers of the Roman Empire' World Heritage Site that includes the German limes and Hadrian's Wall. The UNESCO World Heritage Committee approved the addition of the Antonine Wall on 7 July 2008.
This section of the Antonine Wall appears on the several early maps of Scotland, notably those of Blaeu (1658), Roy (1747-55) and Moll (1745). Blaeu's map annotates the line of the Wall as 'Vestigia valli Romanorum quod videtur Agricolam aut Adrianum Primum posuisse' ('the remains of the Roman fortification which it seems Agricola or Hadrian first built'), a reminder that it was not until the 1690s that scholars were agreed upon the date, provenance and even location of the Antonine Wall.
Seabegs motte is likely to have been the original administrative centre of the medieval Barony of Seabegs although the only surviving documentary source for the site is a charter of c.1542 that records the transfer of ownership of the Barony of Seabegs. In the document the motte is specifically named as the place where the sasine (the document that gives legal possession of property or land) was to be formally handed over. This may have been in recognition of the site's former importance. The motte is named 'Castellum' on the 1st and 2nd editions of the Ordnance Survey map based on an erroneous antiquarian belief that the motte represented the remains of a Roman fortification. The motte, annotated as Chapel Hill, and the adjacent stretch of the Antonine Wall, are depicted on General William Roy's 'Military Antiquities of the Romans in North Britain', the first comprehensive and accurate record of the Antonine Wall to be made. This stretch of the Antonine Wall also appears on Scotland's earliest maps, notably those by Pont, Gordon, and Blaeu, which date to the 17th century.
National Importance
The monument is nationally important because it has an inherent potential to contribute to our understanding of the past, in particular the construction, function, maintenance and subsequent abandonment of the Antonine Wall and later medieval mottes. The monument represents a remarkable survival given the extent of industrial development in the surrounding area. Both Seabegs motte and the Antonine Wall appear as upstanding earthworks on a succession maps from the 17th to early 20th century and the site appears not to have been developed in the past. Limited excavation of the Antonine Wall and Seabegs motte in 1936 revealed a high degree of archaeological preservation in the areas inspected. This indicates there is high potential for archaeological deposits to survive relatively undisturbed. Organic evidence from ancient ground surfaces sealed by the motte and by the rampart of the Antonine Wall, as well as from the fills of the ditches of the Antonine Wall and the motte, are capable of providing information about the contemporary environment at the time of these monuments were built, occupied, and abandoned. The loss of the monument would affect our ability to understand the Roman frontier and would erode the overall importance of the Antonine Wall as a single linear monument spanning central Scotland. The loss of Seabegs Motte would affect our ability to understand the construction and function of such monuments, their placing in the contemporary landscape, and the social structure and economy of later medieval Scotland.
Breeze D J 2006, THE ANTONINE WALL, London: John Donald.
Keppie L J F 1977, 'Bonnybridge, Antonine Wall, Section', DISCOVERY EXCAV SCOT, 1976, 35.
Keppie L J F 1976, 'Some rescue excavations on the line of the Antonine Wall, 1973-6',
PROC SOC ANTIQ SCOT 107, 63.
Keppie L J F 1979, 'Seabegs, Bonnybridge (Falkirk parish) Antonine Wall, sections', DISCOVERY EXCAV SCOT, 2.
Keppie L J F and Walker J J 1989, 'Some excavations along the line of the Antonine Wall, 1981-85', PROC SOC ANTIQ SCOT 119, 148, No. 9.
Murray J F 1982, 'Seabegs, Bonnybridge (Falkirk parish) Antonine Wall', DISCOVERY EXCAV SCOT, 1982, 4-5.
Robertson A S 2001, THE ANTONINE WALL: A HANDBOOK TO THE SURVIVING REMAINS, Glasgow, 74-5, 5th edition.
Smith S 1936, 'Note on the Antonine Wall and Ditch near Bonnybridge', PROC SOC ANTIQ SCOT, 70, 146-7.
Other nearby scheduled monuments
Antonine Wall, 300m north west of Milnquarter
Antonine Wall, 160m ENE to 155m north west of St Joseph's Church
Antonine Wall, Milnquarter, Roman temporary camp 240m south east of
Antonine Wall, 80m WSW of Seabegs Place
Antonine Wall, 495m WSW and 125m south east of Bonnyside House
Antonine Wall, Seabegs Wood, rampart, ditch and Military Way
Calderfield, enclosure 150m south west of
Antonine Wall, Dalnair to Seabegs Wood, including fortlet and camp
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Too Close For Comfort: States With the Most Crowded Schools
The call for states to reopen schools has stirred up nationwide apprehension. With the federal government threatening to withhold education funds to states who refuse to reopen with in-person instruction, states are struggling to find solutions. The stay-at-home quarantine orders have unsettled the lives of students from pre-K to high school, and many students (and their families) may be eager to leave the house and join their classmates again. However, reopening school systems may only exacerbate the predicted second-wave of the coronavirus pandemic. Opening up schools will leave many people in precarious situations — not only will students, teachers, and administrators will greatly increase their own risk of infection, but also become likely transmitters to members of their households.
Classrooms are not uniform across the nation. While access to quality education is presumably afforded to all children in the United States starting in elementary school — compulsory education laws put forward by the Education Act of 1996 require children between the ages of 5 and 16 to be enrolled in full-time education in all fifty states — schools are not funded equally nationwide. Because public schools receive funding through both the federal and state levels, the conditions of schools may appear variable between states. Most importantly, the quality of education within a school district is inherently dependent on the affluence of residents within its zip code — property taxes have historically been used as a significant source to fund education.
Quality education does not solely consist of sufficient instruction and supplies, but a stable classroom environment where students feel safe, supported, and valued. Even before the pandemic, overcrowded classrooms posed a direct threat to student learning capacity — as teachers become overburdened with large classroom sizes and are unable to pay due attention to each pupil, it’s easier for some students to fall through the cracks. Now, with the threat of the coronavirus, the conditions of these cramped school buildings are even more concerning. The order to reopen in the fall is especially pernicious for historically underfunded schools whose facilities are less likely to accommodate CDC-recommended social distancing requirements. This will only heighten the disproportionated effect of coronavirus on vulnerable, low-income populations. Without the ability to properly social distance at six feet apart in classrooms and hallways, reopening school is a hazardous gamble. To determine which regions may be at the highest risk come fall, the data and research team at Insurify studied national public school data to find out which states have the most crowded schools.
National averages. Across the country, the average pupil/teacher ratio was 15.49. State expenditure on education in 2017 was on average $12,367,336,212. On average, states spent $13,918.62 on each student enrolled in public education. The average population density was 430.93 people per square mile.
Extra space to go around. The state with the lowest pupil/teacher ratio was Vermont at 10.50, which is 33 percent lower than the national average. Following Vermont was Maine (12.00), North Dakota (12.02), and New Jersey (12.05). New Jersey’s ranking as the fourth-least crowded schools in the nation is notable, as New Jersey has the highest population density of any state in America. A potential factor contributing to this surprising insight is New Jersey’s robust education budget — their education expenditure was seventh in the nation, behind much larger, populous states such as California, Texas, Florida, and Pennsylvania.
Population density is not a clear determinant of school overcrowding. Surprisingly, the majority of states that made the list do not have comparatively high population densities — seven out of the ten are within the bottom 50th percentile of the nation’s rankings. High-density states such as New York and Massachusetts had pupil/teacher ratios below the national average. Statistically, population density and pupil/teacher ratio were not found to be significantly correlated. This seemingly counterintuitive finding suggests that more people does not necessarily lead to more school crowding.
Stark differences between the coasts. On the west coast, and specifically the southwest, the pupil/teacher ratio experienced an upward trend. Only three out of the top ten states with the most crowded schools were not located on either the west coast or southwest region. As a whole, the west region of the United States is actually the least population-dense, following the finding that population density is not significantly correlated with crowded schools.
The data and research team at Insurify, a home insurance quotes comparison site, referred to data from the Institute of Education Sciences’ National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), the nation’s primary federal entity for collecting and analyzing data related to education. Pupil/teacher ratios were recorded on the state level yearly — the statistics for this study used the most recent tabulations from the 2018-2019 school year. The education data collected pertains to state-run public education systems and does not include statistics from private schools.
Data on total school expenditures came from NCES’s National Public Education Financial Survey, taken from its most recent report in 2017. The National Public Education Financial Survey documents state-wide spending patterns on education and related services. Spending per student was calculated by dividing the total education expenditure by the total student membership count for each state.
Population density rankings come from U.S. Census Bureau estimates of population and land area. The calculation for population density is determined by dividing the total population county by the land area total, which results in the average population per square mile within a state.
States with the Most Crowded Schools
10. Alabama
Pupil/Teacher Ratio: 17.56
Total education spending (2017): $7,857,707,829
Dollars spent per student: $10,548.25
Population per square mile: 95.4
National rank for population density: #27
Alabama kicks off the list as the tenth state in the nation with the most crowded schools. Although Alabama does not have a particularly high population density, its pupil/teacher ratio is 12 percent higher than the national average. With an education budget 33 percent lower than average, a potential factor in Alabama’s overcrowded schools could be its reduced allocation of financial resources in state education.
9. Michigan
Total education spending (2017): $18,889,660,740
Population per square mile: 175.0
While its lakes may be great and vast, Michigan’s schools are ninth-most crowded in the nation. Even though Michigan spent 35 percent more on education than the national average in 2017, its pupil/teacher ratio exceeds the norm by 13 percent. The case of Michigan demonstrates that spending more money on schools is not an all-encompassing solution to improving education quality — school boards have to ensure that the implementation of those funds is strategic.
Washington is eighth in the ranks for states with the most overcrowded schools in the United States. Washington stands as the median state in terms of population density, as it ranks 25th amongst all states. Despite this average statistic, its pupil/teacher ratio, which is 15 percent above the national average, indicates that schools in Washington have room for improvement when it comes to comfortable classroom sizes. Even with above-average spending on education, Washington is still riddled with overbooked classrooms and potentially overwhelmed teachers.
Our second deep south state on the list, Louisiana takes the seventh spot for states with the most crowded schools. Louisiana’s education expenditures, which were 29 percent below average in 2017, might be a potential contributing factor in its 16 percent above-average pupil/teacher ratio. With a relatively average population density, ranked 23rd overall in the nation, schools in Louisiana may be affected by the relatively lower education expenditures, leading to a deficit in the number of resources available per student.
Dollars spent per student: $8,418.262
Idaho presents a fascinating case in the top ten states with the most crowded schools. Idaho has a pupil/teacher ratio that exceeds the national average by 17 percent, making it the sixth-highest in the nation. However, Idaho is one of the least densely populated states, with only about 19.5 people per square mile. As a sparsely populated state, its rate of classroom overcrowding is surprising. Likely due to its low population density, Idaho’s spending on education is the farthest below the national average compared to the other states on this list — at approximately $2 billion, Idaho spent about 80 percent less. Even with fewer students overall, Idaho’s high volume of overcrowded classrooms follows the finding that population density is not necessarily a contributing factor to school overcrowding.
5. Oregon
Oregon, the second Pacific Northwest state on the list, has the fifth-most crowded schools in the country. While much less densely populated than its next-door neighbor Washington, at 40.9 people per square mile versus Washington’s 104.9, Oregon’s pupil/teacher ratio is 11 percent higher than Washington’s and exceeds the national average by 24 percent. Oregon spends approximately 9 percent less per student than average, which potentially affects classroom overcrowding. The disparity between population density and pupil/teacher ratio thus confirms the finding that school overcrowding is more likely a product of how educational environments are built, rather than the sheer number of overall students.
4. Nevada
The flocking to Las Vegas casinos in the midst of a pandemic is not the only thing Nevada should be concerned about. Its schools are the fourth in the nation for being the most overcrowded, despite the fact that the state is relatively sparsely populated. Similar to the case of Idaho, Nevada’s spending patterns on education are remarkably lower than the national average by 61 percent, likely due to its low population density. Nevada’s schools are nevertheless cramped, with a pupil/teacher ratio that’s 28 percent above the national average.
The third state on the list, Utah, follows a similar trajectory to the established pattern of many of these top ten states with most crowded classrooms. Utah is located in the southwestern region of the United States, has a relatively low population density, and below-average state education expenditures. Even though Utah may not have been an epicenter for the novel coronavirus epidemic, its case count saw a spike in June and kept a steady increase into July, according to state government estimations. Utah better be cautious going into the fall with their decisions to reopen schools — it seems that adequate social distancing would be extra difficult in their classrooms, where the pupil/teacher ratio exceeds the national average by 32 percent.
2. California
California is somewhat of an unexpected outlier — it has the highest population density out of any other state on the list, which contradicts the pattern of sparsely-populated states having the highest pupil/teacher ratios. In this way, California actually may concede with the seemingly logical yet actually inaccurate assumption that more students naturally lead to more crowded classrooms. California spends close to the national average on each student, so the Golden State may be a case of simply having a lot of students to account for. California was praised for its handling of the coronavirus early on in the pandemic, so perhaps the state will revamp its strong public health measures come fall.
1. Arizona
Arizona has the most crowded classrooms in the nation. Its pupil/teacher ratio is 35 percent higher than the national average, despite having a population density 87 percent below the nationwide mean. Arizona’s spending per student is one-third below the national standard. According to state officials, Arizona hospitals have been steadily approaching capacity since March. It’s clear that healthcare resources are becoming increasingly strained, and reopening schools in the fall could only serve to exacerbate the rates of COVID-19.
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Jane and Her Majesty
We’ve discussed this a bit on social media, but felt the occasion presented an opportunity for some snark would make a good blog post.
Alexandra Knatchbull, daughter of Lord Brabourne, great-granddaughter of Lord Mountbatten, and goddaughter of Diana, Princess of Wales, was married last weekend in what was described as “the society wedding of the year.” The wedding was covered by the press probably mostly because Her Majesty the Queen and other members of the British, Spanish, Greek and Jordanian royal families were guests.* The Prince of Wales gave away the bride as Lord Brabourne, one of the Prince’s best friends, was unable to do so due to illness, or at least that’s the official line.
None of the press coverage of the wedding seems to have picked up the most important fact for Janeites–that the bride is descended from Jane Austen’s brother Edward Austen Knight. Edward’s daughter Fanny’s son Edward Knatchbull, a British politician, was raised to the peerage as the first Baron Brabourne. The current Lord Brabourne is his great-great grandson, and thus the bride is Jane Austen’s sixth great-niece (we think that’s right). The present Lord Brabourne’s mother, Countess Mountbatten of Burma, is a peer in her own right (her title was passed down from her father, a very unusual thing), and Lord Brabourne is the presumptive heir of that title, meaning eventually he will become Earl Mountbatten of Burma, a title that supersedes the Brabourne barony. The Mountbattens are descended from Queen Victoria via Princess Alice, Victoria’s second daughter, Countess Mountbatten’s great-grandmother. If you have ever read Brabourne’s edition of Austen’s letters, you will know that, while proud of his famous great-aunt, he also was rather a snob (a trait inherited from Mummy, no doubt), and spent an awful lot of time going on about the greatness of his family in footnotes and section introductions. No doubt he would have been over the moon if he could have known his descendants have become so closely affiliated with royalty.
The Telegraph gives all the dish on the current Lord Brabourne, who reportedly is estranged from his family due to an affair with one Jeannie McWeeny. Pardon us while we fall off our chair laughing. The Daily Fail says more diplomatically that “relations between Lord Brabourne and Alexandra are said to be strained.” We are not sure if that had anything to do with his lordship’s alleged medical inability to give away his daughter. While the first Lord Brabourne would have approved and applauded the fact that his third great-granddaughter was given away by the Prince of Wales, we are pretty sure that Aunt Jane would not have approved of her fifth great-nephew’s shenanigans.
The bride’s gown was simple and flattering to her figure. We especially like the interesting gathers on the sleeves and the A-line styling, though we are not sure what is going on with the horizontal seam across her Queen Marys. The bride wore her family tiara, the Mountbatten Star Tiara. While we appreciate the history of the tiara, we are not overly fond of star tiaras. (Yes, the Editrix is a tiara connoisseur. Her Majesty owns our favorite of all time.)
They look really happy, though, and seem like a sweet couple. We wish them all the best. “It is settled between us already, that we are to be the happiest couple in the world.”
*Why Spain and Greece, which on the surface seems kind of random? Lord Mountbatten’s sister, born Princess Alice of Battenberg, married a younger son of the Greek royal family and also was the Duke of Edinburgh’s mother. Queen Sofia of Spain was born a princess of Greece and Denmark before the Greek royal family was deposed. They really are all related. The Jordanians are horsey, and so is Lady Brabourne, so that’s probably why they were there.
Tags Austen Family, Edward Austen Knight, Fanny Knight, It's all about the tiaras, Royal Weddings
An Interview with Whit Stillman
Had She Been In Love
3 thoughts on “Jane and Her Majesty”
A. Marie
Ah, I knew we could count on the Editrix for a full discussion of this event from all angles, both Janeite and Royalist. The consensus among my cohorts was that the stars in the tiara sort of got lost in the veil, but that the gown was simple and becoming. (Unfortunately, I myself was sharing your delight in the name “Jeannie McWeeny” to such an extent that I was unable to provide a coherent opinion on the fashion scene.)
Also, as the Editrix doubtless knows, Edith Lank owns a set of the Brabourne letters that was heavily annotated by Fanny Caroline Lefroy–giving versions of several events from the POV of the James Austen branch of the family. See Edith’s articles in Persuasions On-Line 29.1 and Persuasions 30.
Margaret C. Sullivan
I was at Edith’s breakout on her book! She also passed around a JA signature, which occasioned much swooning. Here’s a link to her article in Persuasions On-Line. We are apparently in agreement about Brabourne’s editorial commentary to the Letters: “Lord Brabourne clearly enjoyed including his own long and discursive family history along with the letters.” She said it rather more nicely than I did. I’ve been working on and off (mostly off) for a few years now on digitizing the letters for Molland’s and it’s pretty time-consuming, so all his nattering on about his family (if memory serves there’s an entire appendix, none of which has to do with Jane Austen) is really tiresome.
Jeanie McWeeny tee hee hee hee heeeeee
Lady Brabourne could play Charlotte Collins adequately.
Re. Jeanie McWeeny – when I said it aloud, my son, sitting nearby, asked, “Is that a stage name?”
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Andrew Weichel Producer, CTVNewsVancouver.ca
@ctvandrew Contact
Published Tuesday, November 24, 2020 6:47AM PST Last Updated Tuesday, November 24, 2020 7:50PM PST
VANCOUVER -- B.C. health officials announced another 941 cases of COVID-19 on Tuesday, shattering the province's previous record for daily infections.
The latest update from provincial health officer Dr. Bonnie Henry and Health Minister Adrian Dix also set new records for hospitalizations and active cases in B.C.
In a written statement, Henry and Dix urged people across the province to curb social interactions as much as possible, as required under B.C.'s temporary public health order.
"We need to slow the spread of COVID-19 in our province and that needs to happen now," the health officials said. "Let’s remember that every case of COVID-19 is a person who requires support and care, who may become severely ill and need to be in hospital, and whose family will experience the stress, emotional burden and for some, the tragedy, that has come with this virus."
There have now been 28,348 cases of the novel coronavirus identified in B.C. since the start of the pandemic, and 19,605 people have recovered.
The latest infections pushed the province's active caseload to a record 7,732, while hospitalizations reached a new high of 284. That includes 61 patients struggling in intensive care or critical care.
The previous record for daily cases was 767, set on Nov. 18. Prior to November, the province had never topped 400 cases in 24 hours.
Another 10,283 people are under active public health monitoring after being exposed to a known case of COVID-19.
Henry and Dix also announced two more coronavirus outbreaks in health-care facilities, at Valley Haven Care Home and Little Mountain Place. The outbreak at Fraserview Intermediate Care Lodge has been declared over.
New outbreaks in the health-care system have been declared on a daily basis in B.C., as the province's rapidly surging caseload continues spilling over into environments where elderly people face some of the greatest risks of severe complications and death from the disease.
As of Monday, there were 60 active outbreaks in long-term care homes, assisted living facilities and acute care units across the province – and 970 of B.C.'s active cases involved care home staff and residents.
"B.C.’s health-care workers are in our labs and hospitals, at our testing sites and in our communities. These people are our health-care system. They are there to support all of us without question and without pause, and we need to show that same support to them by all of us doing our part," Henry and Dix said.
"That is also why everyone, young and old, needs to pause their social interactions and increase their layers of protection and stay within their local communities as much as possible."
Under B.C.'s temporary restrictions, which will remain in place until at least Dec. 7, residents are asked to limit in-person social interactions to what's known as their "core bubble." For anyone in a shared living situation, such as families and roommates, that means only seeing people from your own household.
Those who live alone are allowed to choose a "core bubble" consisting of a maximum of two people, such as partners, close friends or family members.
Events of any size are to be cancelled or delayed, though officials said people can still hold small weddings, funerals or time-sensitive ceremonies such as baptisms, though there are strict rules including that no more than 10 people attend.
More information on B.C.'s public health order is available online.
Specimens to be tested for COVID-19 are seen at LifeLabs after being logged upon receipt at the company's lab, in Surrey, B.C., on Thursday, March 26, 2020. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Darryl Dyck
What's next in B.C.'s battle against COVID-19? Premier says more info to come
West Vancouver party host fined $2,300 for violating COVID-19 rules, police say
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The Best Areas to Stay in Santiago, Chile
Best Districts > Americas > Chile > Santiago > Best Areas to Stay in Santiago, Chile
AmericasChileSantiago
Best Areas to Stay in Santiago, Chile
Where to stay in Santiago, Chile – A Guide to the Chilean Capital
1. Our favorite area: Providencia
2. Lastarria
3. Santiago Centro
4. Las Condes
5. Recoleta & Bellavista
Santiago is the capital of Chile, one of the countries located in the southern cone of Latin America. It is the largest commercial and cultural center in Chile, a city surrounded by the Andes Mountains and, therefore, by amazing landscapes.
Santiago is also one of the most populated cities in Latin America, with immigrants from all over the world and, although it is not as popular as Buenos Aires or Rio de Janeiro, it is a destination that deserves to be explored during a backpacking route.
The Chilean capital has many architectural icons, including the Cathedral of Santiago, the Palacio de la Moneda (seat of the Chilean Government) and the Gran Santiago Tower, the tallest skyscraper in Latin America. In addition, the city has recreational spaces such as Cerro San Cristóbal and Parque O’Higgins, home of Lollapalooza Chile.
Due to its location in the southern hemisphere, the best times to visit Santiago vary a lot and depend on your interests. If you plan to ski, the winter months (between June and September) are recommended. On the other hand, spring (from September to November) and autumn (from March to June) provide the most pleasant temperatures to explore the city and discover its cultural attractions.
Transportation in Santiago de Chile includes a metro system that runs through much of the city and urban buses.
Deciding where to stay in Santiago de Chile depends on many factors. If you want to party in the best nightclubs and bars, Providencia is the ideal neighborhood for you (See accommodation in Providencia). On the other hand, to remain close to tourist attractions, it is advisable to stay in Santiago City Center (See hotels in Santiago City Center).
This is a guide with the best areas to stay in Santiago, Chile.
Providencia is one of the most popular districts of Santiago, thanks (in large part) to its many leisure options.
This lively Santiago area includes the Cerro de San Cristóbal (San Cristóbal Hill), ideal for cycling or walking and enjoying the best panoramic views of the city.
Providencia also has the largest commercial and business complex in Santiago: The Costanera Center, with stores, movie theaters, restaurants and all kinds of entertainment within a set of four buildings, including the 300-meter-high Santiago Tower.
This area is connected to the rest of Santiago by bus and lines 1, 4, 5 and 6 of the metro. In addition, it is a safe and pedestrian-friendly area.
Providencia is one of the best areas to stay in Santiago de Chile if you want to stay close to the important attractions of the city, but without the chaos of downtown Santiago. Its nightlife is another of the many reasons to stay in this district.
Best areas to stay in Santiago, Chile – Providencia
Accommodation in Providencia – Click on the map to see all available accommodation in this area
Why is this a recommended area to stay in Santiago, Chile:
San Cristóbal hill
Pedestrian-friendly
Great nightlife
Hotel Boutique L´Ambassade Providencia
L’Ambassade Petit Hotel has an outdoor pool and free Wi-Fi, as well as rooms that combine French and Chilean styles.
Newen Kara Hostel
Newen Kara Hostel offers private rooms with private bathrooms, including free breakfast.
NH Ciudad de Santiago
NH Ciudad de Santiago offers practical accommodation with free Wi-Fi and daily breakfast. The rooms are spacious and have a separate seating area.
The Lastarria neighborhood is the hipster and bohemian epicenter of Santiago, with cobblestone streets and European-inspired architecture that make it a very charming area.
Walking through Lastarria is like going back in time or entering an oasis in the busy and noisy center of Santiago. Among its cultural attractions are the Museum of Fine Arts, El Biográfo (a cinema dedicated to independent films) and the Cultural Center Gabriela Mistral.
The Forest Park with its exclusive pedestrian streets and its beautiful landscapes is another reason to stay in this neighborhood, as well as its restaurants and bars with large collections of wine to taste.
In addition, Lastarria can be accessed easily, using the Santiago metro.
Lastarria is one of the best areas to stay in Santiago, Chile if you would like to discover the less mainstream side of the Chilean capital.
Lastarria – Best areas to stay in Santiago, Chile. By Alex Fuentes on Flickr (CC BY-SA 2.0)
Accommodation in Lastarria – Click on the map to see all available accommodation in this area
Hipster area
Boutique-type hotels
Hostel Boutique Merced 88
Hostal Merced 88 is located in Santiago. It enjoys views of the city. In the mornings, an American breakfast is served.
Hostal de la Barra
Hostal de la Barra is a short walk from the Bellas Artes metro station. The property provides breakfast and Wi-Fi.
Hotel Luciano K
Hotel Luciano K, equipped with free Wi-Fi and an outdoor pool, is a boutique hotel that combines period design with Art Deco.
Santiago Centro (also known as Downtown Santiago or Santiago City Center) is the historic base of the Chilean capital and, at the same time, the most visited area of the city.
Several of the buildings in this district still preserve some of the colonial features of early Santiago, which makes it an mandatory stop during your stay.
When it comes to attractions in this area, the Palacio de la Moneda, the Colonial Museum, the National Historical Museum and the Museum of Pre-Columbian Art stand out. Similarly, the Plaza de Armas and the Fantasilandia Amusement Park are also iconic places of downtown Santiago.
On the other hand, if you want to taste the best typical Chilean cuisine, the Central Market, a Historical Monument of Chile, is the place to go.
Because it is an area with such significant historical level, the city center connects with the rest of Santiago by lines 1, 2, 5 and 6 of the metro.
Santiago Centro is one of the best areas to stay in Santiago, Chile, to fully understand the Chilean heritage.
Accommodation near the Palacio de la Moneda – Santiago de Chile
Accommodation in Santiago Centro – Click on the map to see all available accommodation in this area
Great metro connections
Hotel Casa Zañartu
Hotel Casa Zañartu is located in downtown Santiago, just 750 meters from the Government Palace and the Plaza de Armas.
Hostal Forestal
Hostal Forestal has a 24-hour reception, a tour desk and free Wi-Fi.
Hotel Plaza San Francisco
Hotel San Francisco Plaza has an indoor pool, a sauna and a fitness area.
Las Condes is probably the most exclusive district of Santiago, with high-end hotels and stores with the latest trends, ideal for those who want to shop in the Chilean capital and have a larger budget.
However, the main reason to stay in Las Condes is that it is the area indicated for business travelers or those who want to ski during the winter of Santiago since it is closer to La Cordillera than other neighborhoods in the city.
Las Condes is also home to Parque Araucano and the Cerro Calán Observatory, open during the night to, if the weather and the odds are on your favor, see the stars using telescopes.
To move to other areas of Santiago, Chile, Las Condes has metro line 1 and several stations just a few steps away from each other.
Las Condes is one of the best areas to stay in Santiago, Chile if you are looking for tranquility during your stay, but without getting too far from the main attractions of the city.
Las Condes – Where to stay in Santiago, Chile
Accommodation in Las Condes – Click on the map to see all available accommodation in this area
Exclusive area
Ski centers
Icon Hotel
Icon Hotel offers accommodation in Las Condes with a rooftop pool and bar, where you can enjoy panoramic views of the Andes.
Hostal Las Condes Rotonda Atenas
Hostal Rotonda Atenas offers accommodation with free WiFi in Santiago, close to supermarkets and shops.
InterContinental Santiago
The InterContinental Santiago offers luxury accommodation in a building that features a heated pool, a modern gym and 2 restaurants.
The area of Recoleta was known in the past as “La Chimba” and contains in its perimeter Bellavista, another of the bohemian neighborhoods of Santiago par excellence, with several theaters, art galleries and cultural options that attract hipsters, artists and all kinds of urban tribes.
It is in this neighborhood where you’ll find La Chascona, the old house of the writer Pablo Neruda that, currently, works as a museum and attracts hundreds of visitors who want to know more about his lifestyle.
In the surroundings of La Recoleta and Bellavista, you can also find the most original souvenirs, with crafts fairs, jewelry and ornaments made of lapis lazuli, a beautiful blue stone that is only available in Chile and Argentina.
This area of Santiago is connected to the rest of the city by line 2 of the metro.
Recoleta and Bellavista are among the best areas to stay in Santiago de Chile if you want to know the alternative scene of the city.
Bellavista – Staying in Santiago, Chile. By pixculture on Flickr (CC BY-SA 2.0)
Accommodation in Recoleta & Bellavista – Click on the map to see all available accommodation in this area
Charming streets
Bohemian area
Pablo Neruda’s house
Nativa Hotel Boutique
The rooms at Nativa Hotel Boutique are fitted with hardwood floors, heating and a private bathroom with free toiletries.
The Fox Hostel
Featuring free WiFi throughout the property, The Fox Hostel offers accommodation in Santiago, in the Recoleta district.
Casona Loreto
Casona Loreto has a seasonal outdoor pool and a 24-hour reception.
Read this in other languages
|ES| Dónde alojarse en Santiago de Chile
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Tags: Best area to stay in Santiago de Chile
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Pepper Sprays Article
Pepper Spray - A Personal Safety Product - In December 2005, President George W. Bush signed the reauthorization of the "Violence Against Women Act" without public debate . More than two out of five women have experienced sexual abuse in their lifetimes as per the study by American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Law enforcement is very much aware of this situation and they are doing their part diligently to curb it, but there is only so much they can do. In addition to relying on the law enforcement, you can take initiative to protect your invaluable freedom.
You might be thinking that it can be dangerous to even think about self defense when faced with violent crime. An attempt at self defense can turn a robbery into a murder--your own. So it's better to be equipped with safety products like a pepper spray, which help us to defend on sudden attacks in parking lots, ATM centers and other secluded places. A majority of law enforcement personnel carry a pepper spray for protection against assaults from criminals.
The truth is that in this uncertain world the truest safety we have is the safety we create within ourselves. Being terrified in the face of crime only makes us miserable and accomplishes the goal of crime, which is to create widespread fear and instability.
Let us educate ourselves with the crime facts:
Crime Statistics:
82% of society will be a victim of a violent crime during their lifetimes.
3 out of 4 women will be victims of at least one Sexual Abuse.
Every hour, 16 women confront rapists.
Every two minutes, somewhere in America, someone is sexually assaulted.
In 2002, there were a total of 4,854 cases of aggravated assault in Washington DC. On a daily basis, this computes to 13.2 aggravated assaults a day.
In Maryland, there were 3,228 cases of larceny and thefts per 100,000 people in 2002. This is one-third higher than the national average rate of 2,445.8 cases per 100,000.
In Detroit, there were 41.79 murders per 100,000 people in 2002. This is alarmingly way above the national average rate of 5.6 for the same year.
In 2002, with the exception of burglaries, Philadelphia led all crime levels which were above the national average rates for murder, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assaults, larceny/theft and motor vehicle theft.
Bioterrorism Preparedness
Homeland Security Equipment
Personal Safety - Pepper Sprays
Personal Safety - Stun Guns
Military Gas Masks
Spy Surveillance Equipment
Violent Crime (Murder, Rape, Robbery, Assault)
Year Total Cases
2000 1,425,486
2004 Not Available
Property Crime (Burglary, Larceny, Vehicle Theft)
2000 10,182,584
Source: Sourcebook of Bureau of Justice Statistics - 31st Edition
We can not assume that we are always safe. Crime can happen to anyone at anytime.
Is there a way you can safeguard yourself and protect your freedom?
Yes! You Can Stop It!
Personal safety products like pepper sprays are most powerful when you believe in yourself. When you believe in yourself, you are far more likely to:
Trust your sense of what's going on.
Pay attention to the warnings your awareness and intuition can give you.
Believe in your ability to verbally or physically defend yourself.
Give yourself the caring, safety and security you deserve.
When you believe in yourself, most people looking to cause a problem will leave you alone.
Personal safety grows from the power, energy, and passion you want in every part of life. Personal safety became a national priority and Personal safety products like Pepper Sprays are the best protection available. Pepper Sprays stop human attacks quickly, safely, and effectively. Pepper spray, used in self defense against dogs, human attackers, comes in an aerosol form and its active ingredient is OC (oleoresin capsicum) - a term used in reference to Chile peppers.
What does a pepper spray contain and how does it work?
Pepper spray products contain the ingredient called Oleoresin Capsicum (OC) . They come in either 10% or 15% (the highest percentage allowed by law), and have a 2 million Scoville heat rating. OC is a directive of hot Cayenne Peppers. It is pure, non-toxic and nonflammable. OC is not an irritant like tear gas but an inflammatory agent. Contact with mucous membranes (eyes, nose, throat and lungs) causes an immediate dilation of the capillaries of the eyes, resulting in temporary blindness and constricted breathing. It does not interfere with necessary breathing to sustain life. Effects last 30 to 45 minutes. So victim can have enough time to escape and call for help.
Is the usage of a Pepper Spray legal?
Yes, but you may not carry it on an airplane and some US states have pepper spray restrictions and formulation rules as mentioned below:
Massachusetts - you must have a Firearms Identification Card (FID) to possess and/or use pepper spray
Michigan - specific pepper or tear gas formulations are required
New York - pepper spray must be purchased from a New York state licensed firearm dealer or pharmacist
Wisconsin - state formulations do not allow UV dye in pepper spray
NOTE: It is best to contact your state or local law enforcement department to know whether the usage of pepper spray is legal or not.
Pepper Spray is a valuable self defense tool, but could be a weapon if not used properly Follow the basic safety precautions and rules. Enjoy the feeling of security, confidence it offers.
For more information on personal safety products please visit pepper sprays.
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iPhone 6s adoption seen as lower than the iPhone 6 – but what does that really mean?
Image source: YouTube / Dom Esposito
October 2nd, 2015 at 6:40 PM
Apple announced it sold more than 13 million combined iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus units during the opening weekend, including preorders. The phone was available online in a dozen markets including China for almost two weeks before launching in stores, helping Apple beat its iPhone 6 launch weekend sales record.
But an analytics company says that iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus show lower adoption rates than their predecessors.
DON’T MISS: How someone acquired the Google.com domain name for a single minute
According to Localytics, which recently revealed the iPhone 6 is the dominant model of the iPhone market with a 30% share, the iPhone 6s and iPhone 6s Plus accounted for 1.9% of all iPhones after the first week of sales. Comparatively, the iPhone 6 models accounted for 2.7% of all iPhones after the same period.
The company also says that adoption rate of the iPhone 5s and iPhone 5c was lower than the iPhone 5 adoption rate.
“In 2013, only 1.2% of all iPhone users had upgraded [emphasis ours] to the new 5S or 5C models within the first week of their availability,” the company writes. “Whereas, in 2012 the iPhone 5 accounted for 3.1% of all devices after the first week of sales.”
Looking at percentages alone, it makes sense that the iPhone “S” generation has lower adoption rates than previous models. But Localytics doesn’t mention any numbers for its comparisons. Apple grew its installed base year after year. Therefore, there are more and more iPhones in circulation each year. That means a lower percentage for the iPhone 6s isn’t relevant alone without knowing what that means in millions of units.
In the first three quarters since launching the iPhone 6, Apple has sold a total number of 183.17 million iPhones (iPhone 6, iPhone 6 Plus, iPhone 5s and iPhone 5c). Numbers for the September quarter, which include the over 13 million iPhone 6s sales, will be announced later this month.
This enormous number of new iPhone activations should indeed play a significant role when assessing what the first week of iPhone 6s sales means compared to the total number of iPhones. That’s especially true since iPhones retain value over time, with used iPhone sales booming around new iPhone launches. That means older devices are likely to be passed on to others, rather than being left in a drawer to collect dust.
Furthermore, Localytics seems to count only upgrades in its study from Apple’s existing iPhone users (see the previous quote and emphasis for 2013 iPhone adoption rate.) That means a large number of iPhone 6s purchases going to users who have owned a different smartphone in the past, or who have not owned smartphones at all, are uncounted.
Apple, meanwhile, has continuously stressed that iPhone 6 brought over a large number of Android users who ditched Google’s platform in favor of Apple’s newest iPhones.
So, is this report bad news for Apple? Localytics data indicates that the percentage of existing iPhone users who have upgraded to iPhone 6s is smaller than the ones who moved to iPhone 6 last year, but the actual number of iPhones in use for both periods of time isn’t specified. In fact, 1.9% of a larger pool of active iPhone users might translate into more sales than the previous year’s 2.7% adoption rate.
Graphs showing the aforementioned Localytics findings follow below.
Tags: Apple, iPhone 6, iPhone 6s
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How the U.S. Could Have “Won” the Vietnam War (1982) — Updated
The look of defeat: Saigon, 1975
Much like my father, I can be a pack rat. Going through old files, I found a “blue book” exam that I took as a college freshman in 1982. The essay question I had to answer was whether the U.S. could have won the Vietnam War. Recall that in 1975, South Vietnam had fallen to the communist North Vietnamese invaders, with U.S. diplomats ignominiously escaping by helicopter from the roof of our embassy in Saigon. In the 1980 Presidential Election, Ronald Reagan defeated Jimmy Carter, with Reagan declaring that the unpopular Vietnam War had been “a noble cause.”
I have not edited my answer (except for a few additions, in brackets, for clarity), which follows below. This is what one U.S. college freshman thought about Vietnam and the U.S. involvement in that war seven years after the defeat in 1975. (You can’t even call it sophomoric, since I was only a freshman.) I think my answer reflects a certain naivete as well as can-do optimism: That we were fighting for the right reasons but in the wrong way, and if we had followed a better strategy, and bossed around the South Vietnamese more, we could have, in some sense, “won.”
Today, I don’t believe the Vietnam War was winnable, and I lament the enormous amount of destruction we visited on the Vietnamese and their country, which I’ve written about in other articles, here and here for example.
Update (8/27/2014): Having watched the recent HBO documentary Nixon by Nixon: In His Own Words, it’s now glaringly obvious that the Vietnam War was unwinnable. Indeed, that’s precisely what Nixon and Kissinger (secretly) concluded. As they talked publicly about “peace with honor,” Nixon and Kissinger were privately conceding that the war was lost. They were looking only to deflect blame from themselves, for “a decent interval” between when US troops withdrew and when South Vietnam collapsed, which is exactly what they got — roughly three years, by which time Nixon had resigned in disgrace due to Watergate. Nixon and Kissinger also cast about for scapegoats; at the time, they planned to blame the inevitable defeat on the corruption of South Vietnamese leaders.
Why did the U.S. lose in Vietnam? A big reason, I think, is the dishonesty of our own government in consistently misleading the American people about the war and the region as well. This dishonesty started just after World War II and extended to LBJ and Nixon as revealed in “The Pentagon Papers.” In other words, Nixon’s “silent majority” wasn’t silent because it supported his policies. It was silent because it had been lied to by Nixon and his predecessors. If the U.S. government had had the guts to level with the American people, the worst of the war may have been averted. Even Watergate would have been averted, since you can draw a clear line from Daniel Ellsberg and “The Pentagon Papers” to attempts to “get” Ellsberg to the “dirty tricks” of the Nixon Campaign in 1972 that ended in his resignation. Lies begat crimes that begat more lies that begat more crimes…
[Winning the Vietnam War, as written in March of 1982]
The Vietnam War was a costly struggle involving over 500,000 U.S. troops [at peak deployment strength] and billions of dollars of equipment. The war was attacked both at home and abroad, and when the U.S. finally did pullout in 1972, the South Vietnamese government and the ARVN [Army of the Republic of Vietnam] collapsed in three years. The Vietnam War was a failure of U.S. foreign policy making, but if other alternatives had been pursued, the results would have been much better for the United States.
The U.S. became involved in Vietnam to contain communism, to prevent the takeover of South Vietnam by North Vietnam, and to contain China. Unfortunately, the U.S. underestimated the strength of the North Vietnamese will, and turned a local civil war between two conflicting ideologies into a major conflict. The U.S. believed that South Vietnam was a vital area of American interest, but it really wasn’t.
The South Vietnamese government was politically inefficient and corrupt. Most of the natives did not support the government, which was why the Viet Cong were able to succeed the way they did. U.S. foreign policy concentrated on defeating the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese Army, not realizing that the reform of the South Vietnamese government and the pacification of the local villagers were of more importance.
What could we have done, then, to “save” South Vietnam from North Vietnam? The answers are not concrete or exact. Most people believe that if the U.S. Army had had fewer restrictions and more men, North Vietnam would have lost. This pedestrian view is wrong for two basic reasons. One is that the U.S. Army fought the wrong type of war. Instead of conducting counterguerrilla activities, the U.S. Army adopted tactics intended for conventional warfare in Europe. The U.S. tried to defeat North Vietnam by sheer firepower, but superior numbers and materiel lose their advantage against a determined guerrilla enemy. Employing hit-and-run tactics, the Viet Cong fought only when they wanted to fight, and on ground of their choosing. Cincinnatus [Cecil B. Currey], in his book Self-Destruction:[The Disintegration and Decay of the United States Army during the Vietnam Era] stated that the U.S. Army could not have won the war because of the way they fought it.
The second reason is that each escalation of American troops in Vietnam could be easily matched by North Vietnam. Each year over 200,000 men [in North Vietnam] became eligible for the draft. When General Westmoreland asked for 200,000+ troops to launch a major counteroffensive after Tet [in early 1968], he was denied them on the grounds that more numbers would have had little or no effect in ending the war.
What can one conclude from this? A definite conclusion is that U.S. tactics were totally unsuited to the type of war fought in Vietnam. This suggests one change in our policy that would have improved the result. If we had pursued a policy of counterguerrilla warfare, and if we had protected the local villagers better, then we could have concentrated on the main problem—reforming the South Vietnamese government and creating an ARVN that didn’t lose every battle they fought.
The Vietnamization policy [under Nixon] was a step in the right direction, but it was implemented haphazardly and inefficiently. U.S. foreign policy should have recognized that the support of the government by the people was of paramount importance, but needed reforms [in South Vietnam] were not carried out and the people became disillusioned and bitter. If the government cannot protect us, the people thought, what good was it? The U.S. should have forced the various South Vietnamese governments to implement reforms, and it also should have pursued a more vigorous pacification program.
The handling of ARVN was also a mistake. ARVN came to rely upon the U.S. Army to great extent, and when the U.S. Army withdrew, the ARVN desertion rate reached an all-time high. The U.S. should have realized that giving the South Vietnamese billions of dollars in equipment and, among other things, the fourth largest air force in the world, was not enough. It did not cure the disease that afflicted ARVN, which was corruption and the lack of experienced officers.
What conclusions can be reached? U.S. foreign policy was definitely flawed, but we could have attained better results if other policies were implemented. A more effective pacification program, combined with counterguerrilla activities and increased defense of local villages, would have eroded the support of the Viet Cong, since a guerrilla war needs the support of the populace to succeed. The most basic flaw in U.S. policy, however, was ignoring the faults and corruption of the South Vietnamese government. Needed reforms of the overbearing totalitarian government would have gained the support of the South Vietnamese people, and this more than any other factor might have changed the results of 1975 and “won” the war for the United States.
Posted on April 19, 2014 by wjastorePosted in US Foreign Relations, US Military, warTagged 1982, ARVN, Communism, Containment, counterguerrilla, guerrilla war, U.S. Army, Viet Cong, Vietnam War, Vietnamization. 44 Comments
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The Library of Congress > Blogs > Serials > Ida B. Wells and the Activism of Investigative Journalism
Ida B. Wells and the Activism of Investigative Journalism
February 12, 2020 by Malea Walker
“Mrs. Ida B. Wells-Barnett.” The Broad Ax (Salt Lake City, UT), July 14, 1917
In a time of extreme racism and yellow journalism, documenting and speaking the truth about lynchings in the South was a rare and dangerous act. But that did not stop journalist Ida B. Wells. When one of her friends was lynched in Memphis in 1892, she decided she could not let the defamation and murder of African American men stand any longer.
For months, Wells traveled throughout the South investigating lynchings. She used eyewitness interviews, testimony from families, and looked through records. The New York Times in its recent obituary for Wells noted, “She pioneered reporting techniques that remain central tenets of modern journalism.”
What she found was that the stereotype of black men being lynched for raping white women was almost always false. Disputes usually started over completely unrelated things, as it had with her friend Thomas Moss, killed over a dispute that began with children playing marbles. She boldly reported her findings in an editorial in the newspaper that she co-owned and edited, The Memphis Free Press and Headlight. That editorial, however, caused a riot in Memphis and she was forced to leave her home to save her life. The office of the newspaper was destroyed.
“Driven from Home.” The Washington Bee (Washington, DC), June 11, 1892.
This did not stop Ida B. Wells from continuing to speak out and write about lynching in the South, however. Instead she made it her mission to continue reporting on her findings, and to bring facts forward to combat the racist lies that covered up the violence that she found. As The Appeal (Saint Paul, MN) wrote months later, by leaving Memphis and going to New York, she began to reach thousands more people. “Free Speech,” they noted, “is not so easily suppressed as The Free Speech.”
Wells continued to face danger and opposition as she began telling her story across the country. Linked below is an article from the Memphis Commercial as republished in The Columbia Herald. The language in this article is difficult to read, but it is being presented here as a historical example of what Wells faced.
“A Colored Corday.” The Columbia Herald (Columbia, TN), December 23, 1892.
Wells continued her reporting, writing for The New York Age, the Chicago Daily Inter-Ocean, The Conservator, and many other newspapers. She published the pamphlet Southern Horrors later in 1892, working off of what she had written for the Age and providing additional details. She then traveled across Europe, gaining support there for her anti-lynching mission. Her success in Europe emboldened her efforts once she returned to the United States and continued lecturing and writing.
In early 1895 she published her book, A Red Record. Again using her investigative reporting, A Red Record was longer than Southern Horrors and included updated statistics, specific details, and photographs of cases of lynching across the South.
A Red Record. Ida B. Wells (Chicago, 1895).
Wells continued to be an activist throughout the remainder of her career. She started a number of clubs and organizations including the Ida B. Wells Women’s Club and Alpha Suffrage Club, the first suffrage club for black women. She helped in the founding of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). In 1930 she even ran for a seat in the Illinois State Senate. She never stopped speaking the truth that she saw—the truth that she found through facts and figures. She died March 21, 1931.
Topics in Chronicling America – Ida B. Wells
Ida B. Wells-Barnett (1862-1931)
Lynch Law In Georgia. Ida B. Wells (Chicago, 1899).
Guide to the Ida B. Wells Papers 1884-1976. University of Chicago Library.
Posted in: African American, Biography, Digitized Newspapers, Women's History
Heidi Ziemer
Great piece! We have a local collection in Western New York of the Tourgee Papers – Ida Wells wrote often to Tourgee and considered him a supporter of her work: https://nyheritage.org/collections/albion-winegar-tourgee-collection
Amy W.
Wonderful blog post and sources! Also,
thanks to Heidi for sharing additional resources!
Jean Ellen Toles
Yes. I read “…’cancel culture…” instead of “…counterculture…” and wondered if it was a mistake.
Mother Ida B. Wells was a true revolutionary. She shook the foundation of every institution she crossed, even so-called “Progressives” of the day, both black and white, were challenged by her radical approach to loving black people. Alice Paul and W.E.B. Dubois alike, though on polar opposite sides of the argument of “Power to the people” each got a taste of the resolve of this powerful, intelligent and dedicated Queen. She is the template for any woman that strives for gender equity and for any person that strives for racial equity. Rest in Power, Queen Ida…
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Pirates Walk Off With A Win
The Seton Hall Pirates took on the Manhattan Jaspers on Saturday in game 2 of the 3 game series. The Pirates sent LHP Anthony Elia to the hill against LHP Mike Martin for Manhattan. The Pirates came out on top 3-2 in what proved to be a great day at Owen T. Carroll Field. The Pirates got on the board first in the bottom of the second inning. Catcher Dillon Hamlin got things started with a one out single, and after he stole second, right fielder Chris Selden singled to bring him home for the first run of the game. The Jaspers answered in the 4th on an RBI single by Brendan Slattery. Manhattan added another run in the 5th on a solo homerun by right fielder Jason Patnick. The Pirates responded in the bottom half of the inning with an RBI double by SS D.J. Ruhlman. The score would remain tied until the bottom of the 9th. After Selden flied out, and Chris Chiaradio grounded out, pinch hitter Jackson Martin drew a two out walk. A failed pick off attempt allowed Martin to advance to second, then Zack Weigel was hit by a pitch. This set the stage for D.J. Ruhlman, and he delivered with an RBI single to right center field that scored Martin. It was the first walk off win of the year for the Pirates who improved to 11-3, while the Jaspers fell to 2-12. On the hill, Anthony Elia was solid, allowing 6 hits and 2 runs while striking out 5 in 6 innings. Sam Burum went 2.1 innings and gave up only 1 hit, and Dan Ditusa went .2 of an inning, and picked up the win. For the Jaspers, Mike Martin gave up 2 runs in 5 innings, and LHP Joe Jacques picked up the loss by pitching 3.2 innings and giving up 1 run. Ditusa improved to 1-0 on the season while, Jacques fell to 0-2. The Pirates were led by D.J. Ruhlman who had 2 hits and 2 RBI’s. The Jaspers were led by Brendan Slattery who had 2 hits and an RBI.
The Pirates will be looking for the sweep today against Manhattan. The game is at 1 p.m. at Owen T. Carroll Field. The pitching matchup is Seton Hall RHP Conor Krauss (0-0) going up against RHP William Fabra (0-2) for the Jaspers. Krauss will be making his first start of the season. He has pitched well out of the pen, with a 1.42 ERA in 6.1 innings. Fabra is coming off of a loss to Florida Gulf Coast where he gave up only one hit, but walked 5 in 6 innings. The Pirates will look to keep the momentum going in this series and try to break out the brooms for a third time this season. We will have a full recap of the final game of the series later today. Until then, Hazard Zet Forward.
Carroll, Jaspers, Ruhlman
Pirates Down Jaspers In Home Opener
Pirates Break Out Brooms…..Again
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so definite in this respect as to make it ill advised for
the Attorney General of the State or the Comptroller
to do other than require the inclusion of such income
as subject to the tax.
Net income is gross income less allowable deductions.
The deductions allowed in computing net income are much the same as those allowed by the Federal Law. They include business expenses, interest, taxes, losses in business, losses in transactions entered into for profit, losses from fire, etc., bad debts actually charged off, wear and tear, obsolescence, depletion and contributions.
Taxes paid to the Federal Government or any of its possessions or to any territory, state or political subdivisions thereof or to any foreign government constitute an allowable deduction. Income taxes and taxes assessed against local benefits which tend to increase the value of the property assessed are not, however, permitted to be included as a deduction. Non-residents under certain conditions may deduct income taxes. This subject is treated later on under the heading “Non-Residents.”
Contributions are an allowable deduction to the extent of 15% of the net income of the taxpayer. They are limited, however, to those made to corporations or asso ciations organized under the Laws of the State and oper ated exclusively for religious, charitable, scientifico educational purposes, or for the prevention of cruelty to children or animals. Also, contributions made to the special fund for Vocational Rehabilitation authorized bi Congress may be included but not beyond the 15% limi
Interest paid during the year is a deduction under th: statute. But in determining the precise amount of inter
est which is deductible, a rather complicated and even unsatisfactory situation arises. The law permits in the e case of a resident that only such proportion of the total
interest may be deducted as the net income of the tax- payer bears to his total income from all sources. The . use of the words “total income from all sources” appears e to include "gross income” as defined in the law, plus : exempt income.
The Federal Law permits the deduction of interest upon all indebtedness, except only as to indebtedness incurred or continued to purchase or carry exempt obliga
tions other than certain obligations of the United States. ( It may have been the idea of the New York State Legislature to restrict the deduction of interest on indebtedness in somewhat the same way, but, in its practical operation, the New York State measure seems clearly to
discriminate against exempt holdings; to illustrate: e Should a resident have a total income of $60,000, $50,
000 from obligations of the United States which are tax exempt and $10,000 from taxable securities; and should he have outstanding indebtedness the interest on which amounted to $6,000 (a portion of the indebtedness being a mortgage upon his home and a portion for the purpose of carrying taxable securities) he would be privileged to use as a deduction, computing the amount in round figures, but $1,000, that is one-sixth of the $6,000. The same individual, with a like income and similar indebtedness, but receiving his total income of $60,000 from taxable sources, would be privileged to deduct practically the entire $6,000 of interest.
Interest deduction is often a very large and important tem to the taxpayer and its benefits may be reduced
to almost nothing by this provision. Such an arrangement, moreover, if administered along the lines indicated by the statute, would seem to be tantamount to an indirect tax upon exempt income.
The Comptroller in interpreting this provision of the law has held that if the taxpayer has no income from exempt sources the entire amount of interest may be deducted. Where, however, non-taxable income is received the amount of interest which may be treated as a deduction is that proportion which the gross income bears to gross income plus income received from exempt sources.
In view of the wording of the law it is not readily understandable how such an interpretation is possible, but it must be recognized that the practical result of this interpretation is much more equitable than the method of computation specified in the law. Even accepting the broad and liberal ruling which the Comptroller has made in connection with this provision the required apportionment will, in many instances, work unfairly.
In addition to the foregoing deductions, a resident taxpayer is allowed the following exemptions: $1,000 personal exemption in the case of a single person
or married person not living with husband or wife $2,000 personal exemption in the case of a “head of :
family," or a married person living with husbani
or wife. $200 for each person (other than husband or wife) de
pendent upon and receiving his chief support fros the taxpayer if such dependent person is unde: eighteen years of age or incapable of self-suppor.
because mentally or physically defective. Following the Federal Law, a husband and wife ar allowed, when living together, but one personal exem;
- tion of $2,000 against their aggregate net income. In
the event that they file separate returns, the personal exemption of $2,000 may be taken by either or divided be
tween them. & Salary, wages and other compensation paid by the : United States to officials and employees is exempt. This Exemptions : exemption, however, reduces and limits the personal ex- OECU.
emption of such officials or employees by the amount of
such salary, wages or compensation. For example, a I resident of the State who received $5,000 salary as an
official of the United States Government and $5,000 other income from taxable sources apparently would not be
allowed any credit in the form of personal exemption * but would be obliged to pay the tax on the entire $5,000 * of income received from taxable sources; another resi
dent of the State, however, receiving a like income in amount but made up of $5000 from exempt bonds and $5,000 from taxable sources could receive credit for the
personal exemption. In effect this seems to be an in"direct tax upon the salaries, wages, etc., paid by the United States.
In this connection the Attorney-General of the State has rendered an opinion substantially to the effect that officials or employees of the United States—if their "net income” from taxable sources is less than $1,000 if single or $2,000 if married-need make no return even though they are not entitled to receive credit for the personal exemption against that part of their income. While this ruling would not apparently alter the conditions outlined in the illustration just given it would create a very greatly changed condition where the "net income” (incorne
from taxable sources) did not exceed $1,000 or $2,000 s as the case might be.
Income of NonResidents
Deductions of NonResidents
Non-residents of New York are taxed at the same rate as residents but the levy is made only upon the income received from sources within the State. It does not include, however, annuities, interest on bank deposits, interest on bonds, notes or other interest bearing obligations or dividends from corporations, except to the extent to which such income shall be a part of income from any business, trade, profession or occupation carried on in the State and subject to taxation under the Personal Income Tax Law of the State.
In determining the amount of net income of a nonresident, deductions may be made from gross income as enumerated on pages 18 and 19. All deductions of non-residents, however, shall be allowed only to the extent that they are connected with income arising from sources within the State. In the case of interest paid on indebtedness a non-resident may deduct only that portion of the interest paid within the taxable year which the amount of his gross income bears to the total amount of his income received from all sources, both within and without the State.
The exemptions of $1,000 and $2,000 and $200 for each dependent as described on page 20 are not allowed to non-residents, according to the wording of the law, and thus, taxes are to be levied upon the full amount of net income. This provision has been featured in the general question as to whether the State of New York has the power to so tax a resident of another State Judge Knox of the United States District Court (Southern District of New York) in a case brought by the
Non-
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The Christian spectator. New ser. [of The Monthly Christian ..., Volume 6
course is pursued with each of the other “conventional notions," three of which we propose to examine. Categorical statements are not in our author's habit of writing. We long sometimes for an answer which shall be so definite and distinct as to admit of being understood in only one way. Orthodoxy receives such very hard measure that its indictment ought to be as clear as it is forcible. Its defence ought also to be heard. Admitting for a moment the first notion, which Mr. Maurice regards as conventional, let us ask what he means by saying that the New Testament is not the proclamation of a certain religion? If he means that it is not merely a regulative, preceptive arrangement, like the law of Moses, we heartily agree with him. The power of the Gospel lies in this, that it is not the declaration only of God's will, but the actual manifestation of His righteousness and character. But then it is the declaration of His will, and is binding upon us. Our common use of the word means no more than that, though much more is really implied in it. Yet even in this limited use of it, we are free to confess that we think too much stress has been laid upon that legal aspect of the Gospel, against which Mr. Maurice rebels ; but, on the other hand, we think his re-action from it is somewhat excessive. It has been repeated, is now generally repeated, even to weariness, that the Gospel presents us with a life, not with a philosophy; but it should be remembered that the manifestation of the life is light, and the presence of light is the increase of responsibility and of obligation. That by which we feel bound is our religion, and connected with this religion, resulting from the Gospel teaching, are certain explanations of moral mysteries, which, spite of Mr. Maurice's assertion to the contrary, we do find in the Epistles, so that the New Testament implicitly gives us both religion and philosophy, or history and mysteries. No doubt "a religion must always be affected by the local habits, by the individual temperaments, of those who profess it,” but for this the Gospel provides by making obligation spring only out of relations previously recognized by faith. Christianity is a fact and a principle. As the first, it is the ground of all spiritual relations; as the second, it is, when grasped, the explanation and justification of them.
We feel that there is great truth in very much which Mr. Maurice says respecting the miraculous element in the Gospel history; but we cannot help feeling that his charge against orthodoxy for holding a false conventional notion is scarcely proved. He complains that miracles are regarded as strange exceptional acts, breaking through the order of nature; that they were intended to make the mission of Christ credible; that they are supernatural testimonials and certificates to Him as a super
natural being. The effects resulting from this belief he thinks most evil, principally this, that it has alienated scientific men from the Bible; it has led them to distrust its supposed arbitrary author. Miracles, according to our author, are not arguments to convince the understanding, but an unveiling to the whole man of the nature and the character of the Son of Man, the King; they are the signs of his kingdom, not the putting forth of strange, novel, unwonted powers as reasons why he should be listened to. They explain the nature of Christ's operations, and the end for which He came; they do not violate law, they fulfil it : our so-called order of nature is disorder, and the King brings back the original, higher, true order of nature, by destroying sin, disease, death, and the tyranny of evil spirits. They are not addressed to minds unprepared to receive them by faith, unsusceptible through the lack of spiritual sympathy ; to such they are mere prodigies. But if they were only evidences of a divine mission, unconnected with the nature and character of that mission, the displays of them ought to have been most startling where the unbelief was most obstinate. We cannot conceive of there being any one, however he may usually differ from Mr. Maurice, who will dispute the truth of these statements respecting the purposes which miracles were intended to fulfil. All will acknowledge that they bore testimony to the character of God, and revealed His will respecting sin and its consequent ills; but most will recognize in them a testimony also to the power of Jesus. “If ye believe not me, believe the works; that ye may know, and believe that the Father is in me, and I in him.” Miracles we understand to be the result of the immediate action of the Divine will, in contrast to its mediate and ordinary action. In this sense they are supernatural, and so bear witness that he who possesses the power of working miracles is divinely aided. They doubtless, who regard only this aspect of miracles, are in danger of regarding only the corresponding aspect of God, in worshipping him as mere force; and orthodoxy, if it does this, draws upon itself the burden of accepting as evidence that which is more difficult of belief than that to which it bears testimony. As to the farther charge that orthodoxy “exhibits to us a Christ who breaks through the order of the universe by strange and irregular acts of power,” we admit at once that we believe that, though we should prefer to state the belief in our own words. He did transgress laws, the laws we know, the only laws we know anything about. It is no answer to say that he obeyed laws which were more fundamental, less capable of any suspension or modification than these we know. If this means anything, it means that the laws which science recognizes he did suspend, he did modify. Nor does it apply to this particular
nrice can is assertioid orthod have
case to say that “the tendency has been apparent in human creatures at all times to make themselves the measures of the universe, to deduce laws from appearances, to mould the lawgiver after their conceptions.” The clause we have italicised expresses exactly what science is doing and can only do; and the laws so deduced Jesus suspended, modified, and transgressed. This is the objection of science to them, that they thwart or turn aside the natural course of things—viz., the observed course; and they are not in agreement with any known system of law. If Mr. Maurice can prove that they are, the objection of science ceases; but his asscrtion that they are will not do, and it is harlly fair of him to scold orthodoxy.for not continuing to assert what, after all, he and his school have written on the subject, is still only a beautiful conjecture. We use the word not as expressing our own opinion, but the view which such a man as Renan would take of it; to those who, like him, believe that the whole universe is under the dominion of law, and that law is the expression of the perfect and immutable character of God, iniracles which are special, direct exercises of will, must be inconceivable, because inconsistent. But those who do not trouble themselves with, or are not disturbed by, philosophical difficulties, will find all that Mr. Maurice writes, by way of exposition on the miracles, most instructive and suggestive. To him they are the unveiling of the true, divinely-redeemed world; in them he sees the will of God in exercise healing the sick, raising the dead, and purifying the sinful. We feel the power of such thoughts; but they do not help us to reconcile the oppositions of science and Scripture. We feel assured they are in a very slender degree an answer to the arguments of either Hume or Baden Powell.
The last part of this introductory essay is devoted to the subject of inspiration and authenticity. Mr. Maurice objects that orthodoxy has placed the external evidences first, whereas it should have examined what the books had to say first. He asserts that the credentials of the messenger may be postponed to the contents of his message,—that the consequence of looking at the authenticity of the Gospels first has been to keep the attention of men there, and to lead to the opinion that the New Testament is itself only a book of evidence. We question if Mr. Maurice is quite in a position that enables him to deal fully with this important matter. He has first to tell us how he regards Christianity, whether as a traditional external revelation or spiritual and individual. If the former, then surely the veracity of the messengers who convey the message is all important, is essential. If it be so then the so-called conventional notion of orthodoxy is only the necessary corollary. But the fact is Mr. Maurice has his conventional notions too; he has an assumption which he makes on an authority we sometimes fancy prior to St. John and not canonical. An impartial objector might well say to him, “Why should I take your assumption rather than the conventional notions of orthodoxy ? You ask me to start not with a natural Jesus but with a supernatural Word of God. Why?” Because (he replies in effect) because, “If we habitually think of the Word of God as a living person, and that the eternal life which was with the Father has been manifested, the first three Gospels will become clear to us in the light of these principles.” That is to say, if we can believe St. John's Gospel we can believe the others. But how are we to believe St. John's Gospel ? He says, " the theology of the fourth Gospel will be the key to the history of the other three." Doubtless, to him who has the key; but what shall they do who have neither lock nor key? That is to say, who believe, on what appears to them to be good evidence, that the three first Gospels are mere legendary accounts of Jesus with a leaven of later theology, and that the fourth Gospel is “ the full development of that later theology, with a human history artificially and awkwardly grafted upon it." This is substantially Mr. Maurice's own question, and we are sorry he has not given us a distinct answer to it. He recognizes its importance; he says all other battles are child's play to this. But he says we have thrown away our weapons and are not fitted for the encounter. “For we say that St. John uses the expression Word of God in a sense which may be convenient for a system of Divinity, but which has nothing to do with our habitual language—with our common life. In these the book shall mean the Word of God—shall be the Word of God; and, therefore, we cannot hear the Person, the Word, speaking out of the book.” It is difficult to see how this method would work if applied to a mind like Renan's utterly disturbed by critical doubt. He surely would not believe in a person speaking out of a book which he did not consider authentic, or the facts of which were inconsistent and incoherent. He would naturally ask why he should be called upon to believe in this person except on the evidence of the book, and he would not be satisfied to be told that the discovery of difficulties in Luke's chronology and genealogy has “ been of great use in forcing us to seek more for the sense and purpose of the Divine narratives.” A critic of the " Tracts for Priests and People," writing in reference to Mr. Maurice's treatment of the evidences, has said, “The personal life of God in the world, of which his sense is so deep, seems to guarantee for him the particular Divine acts and manifestations enumerated in the Scriptures or the formularies of the Church; and his one standing appeal to us is,— Believe in Him who is signified, and you will believe the signs. Yet it is plain that no prior apprehension of God would enable us to divine, before they came, the forms in which his agency would express itself; or, after they have come and been reported, to separate the threads of reality from those of fiction in a narrative of mixed tissue. For knowledge of the divine events, taken one by one, we are not less dependent upon human attestation, than for the biography of an emperor or an apostle, and it is in vain to treat them as if they were deducible from the primary spiritual truth, and sure to stand or fall with it.” The reviewer then goes on to point out occasional inconsistencies in Mr. Maurice's method, which we have not observed, stating that his premises are sometimes historical, and at others purely spiritual. It is difficult to find out what his premises are. The“ theology of consciousness” he has striven to overthrow in former works, and yet his independence of the text of Scripture renders his beliefs and arguments subjective. So far as we can judge he finds his revelation of God in Christ in the Book, but the author of that revelation he must base upon something within himself. Maurice's best friends must feel that this refusal of his to examine the bases of his belief endangers the whole super-structure of his creed; it most certainly unfits him to meet the scepticism and unbelief of the present day. We cannot, therefore, regard this work as of much value as an answer to Renan's difficulties. They are partly critical, and partly arise from his utter unbelief in supernatural manifestations; the first Mr. Maurice refuses to notice, the second he fails, as we have shown, to shake. But because we think this, we do not say that the book is not of great worth, and that it will do nothing towards reconciling to the Gospels minds somewhat alienated by doubt. Our Lord Himself did not produce conviction and faith in those who could recognize no divine spirit; “but as many as received Him, to them gave He power to become the sons of God." We believe there are many, very many, who believe in an historical Christ, but who have never yet felt his presence in the Scriptures, and who, induced by Mr. Maurice's writings, will seek to yield their hearts to Him-will seek for His Spirit, and will find their doubts melt away beneath His influence. It is, therefore, in spite of all our differences with this writer, that we rejoice in his growing popularity. He is an earnest and a good man; we are persuaded his earnestness and goodness will do much to help others to faith in a living Saviour.
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MICHAEL SWANWICK is an institution in both science fiction and fantasy literature. He has served as an influence on genre fiction as a whole as well as an inspiration to many leading authors. He has been a finalist multiple times for every major award in science fiction/fantasy, from the Nebula to the Hugo.
Michael is the author of The Mongolian Wizard novels as well Stations of the Tide, The Dragons of Babel, and Chasing the Phoenix.
Being Gardner Dozois
The Iron Dragon's Mother
Speculations on Speculation: Theories of Science Fiction
The Postutopian Adventures of Darger and Surplus
City Under the Stars
Michael Swanwick and Gardner Dozois
Devil's Ways
Nancy Kress, J. M. Sidorova, et al.
Galaxy's Edge Magazine: Issue 46 September 2020
Michael Swanwick, Marina J. Lostetter, et al.
Galaxy's Edge Magazine: Issue 47 November 2020
Michael Swanwick, Joe Haldeman, et al.
The Boss in the Wall: A Treatise on the House Devil
Grania Davis and Avram Davidson
Galaxy's Edge Magazine: Issue 48 January 2021
Harry Turtledove, Michael Swanwick, et al.
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Key steps for submitting a grant proposal to the UK Research Councils (RCUK)
July 20, 2017 July 20, 2017 Christian DeFeoLeave a comment
Writing a good funding application is both a science and an art.
by Seema Sharma
In this post, we will guide you through key steps for grant submission to one of the UK Research Councils (RCUK). RCUK is made up of seven individual grant bodies that have some shared core principles, alongside differing council-specific criteria for applications that need to be followed closely. We’ll be using the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) as an example.
Each year the UK Research Councils invest around £3 billion of public money in research and associated training in the UK, covering the complete range of academic disciplines. An essential function of the Research Councils is to demonstrate the economic, societal and cultural impact of the research it funds. As a result, your application needs to go beyond stating the academic advances you will make and how this translates to progress in your discipline, to justify the investment of public funding. We’ve taken a look at all of the key areas of the application, using the BBSRC as an example, to highlight essential things to include and pay attention to.
Essential preparation work
Individual research councils provide grant handbooks on how to apply for funding. The BBSRC’s guide is available here http://www.bbsrc.ac.uk/funding/apply/ .The others are referenced at the end of the post [1].
It’s very important to read all the details that are included in the guide. If you’re applying with a spontaneous proposal, sometimes referred to as a ‘responsive mode research grant’ rather than answering a call to funding, you need to ensure that your proposed research fits within the research areas covered by that funding body. For example, the BBSRC fund research in plant science, microbes, animals (including humans) tools and technology underpinning biological research. Their funding remit [2] spans from a molecular level to whole organisms, but does not include research on human disease or disease processes. The latter being the remit of the Medical Research Council (MRC). There are, however, interfaces between the two, the details for which are outlined in a joint statement.
If you are applying as a result of a funding call, ensure you read call-specific requirements carefully, as they may differ to the general guide. The submission procedure across the seven councils has a similar framework, involving a Joint Electronic Submission (Je-S) form. There are, however, differences in guidelines, page length and format. In this post, we focus on the BBSRC as an example.
Je-S Form
All RCUK applications require the completion and online submission of a Je-S form. Detailed advice on how to complete the relevant sections of the application form can be found in the Je-S handbook: https://je-s.rcuk.ac.uk/Handbook/index.htm. In the first instance, if you are not registered, you need to set-up an account and then add a new application document of the type required, or a new research proposal or outlined in the funding call. We’ve included some tips for completing the main sections of a standard grant proposal:
Format – Be careful to check the precise formatting requirements for your proposal. For example, the BBSRC recommend that you use Arial, Helvetica or Verdana fonts. Also, a minimum font size of 11 must be used for the entire Case for Support, Justification of Resources and CVs. Other stipulations include minimal single line spacing, single character spacing with margins of at least 2cm. Administrative staff check that your proposal fits this criteria and you don’t want formatting issues to cause delays.
Case for Support and Previous Track Record – The page limit for the combined ‘ Previous Track record’ and ‘Case for Support’ section is a maximum of 8 sides of A4. The aim of the scientific case for support is to provide a description of the proposed research and its content and value. It should start with an introduction to the topic of research, explaining its impact in an academic and wider context. Bear in mind that some members of your reviewing panel may not be specialists in your particular field. Use this section to show you have a clear understanding of past and current work in the subject area.The overall aims of your project with clear quantifiable objectives, against which success could be measured, should be covered here. Additionally, it’s important to emphasise the novelty of the work as if its similar or identical to what’s currently being funded, your application will be unsuccessful. Your methodology and experiments should also be included in the case for support, remembering that reviewers will pay particular attention to this to assess the quality of the core research in your application. A programme of work, detailing what each member of the research team will be doing and how the project will be managed needs to be incorporated. References should appear in a list at the end of the case for support and shouldn’t be used to link to documents to extend the case for support.The previous track record section is used to convince the panel that you have a strong and successful background in the area of your proposed research. As such, you should summarise the results and conclusions of your recent research relevant to the current grant application. This encompasses any collaborative research and work funded by other research councils. Remember to emphasise the impact of the research at an academic and societal level. The expertise of all of the members of the team undertaking the research should also be highlighted here.
Attachments — A number of attachments are required in the application, including:
CV’s of all named applicants and research team members: These should be succinct and limited to 2 pages each.
Letters of support: Proposals that include project partners and collaborators should include a letter of support from them, confirming the resources and expertise they’ll be contributing. It’s important to note that Individuals providing letters of support are usually excluded from being peer reviewers for that particular proposal.
Proposal Cover Letter: Inclusion of a cover letter is mandatory. Letters have no limitation on page length. Any declarations of interest [4] should be covered here, and you can also list reviewers that you prefer aren’t approached. Although, the funding body ultimately holds the final decision on the reviewers it appoints. Facility Request Form: If your proposal requires the use of specialised facilities, (the sort listed here for the BBSRC http://www.bbsrc.ac.uk/research/facilities/), a form must be filled in to request access and attached to the proposal.
Final Interim Report: If you have a prior existing grant from the BBSRC funding body you must submit an interim report on its progress, using the form they provide. It excludes grants under six months old and training grants.
Diagrammatic Workplan: This should be a one page diagram that shows key milestones and timelines clearly.
Justification of resources — The main aim of this section is to help reviewers assess whether the research project you propose warrants the funding and resources requested.It includes a ‘Pathways to Impact’ document used to explain the academic, applied and societal impact of the research project. It’s acknowledged that some proposals may advance academic understanding, without an immediate applied impact. If this is the case, bear in mind reviewers will expect you to include how your advance fits into a pathway that will lead to an application.If there is a clear academic impact, the panel will want to know how you will deliver this to relevant end users to get the message out, beyond relying on others to read a publication. Examples here would be through conference engagements or collaboration. Public engagement can also be covered here if relevant.Project management, timing, and personnel involved in delivering the project should also be discussed here. Make sure you choose the best team for your project and also include how you will specifically be involved.A budgetary breakdown of all aspects of the proposal should also be presented. Reviewers tend to pay close attention here, to insure the individual components of the project have been appropriately costed. Over-costing without justification can kill your application.Further background information on Pathways to Impact is available on the RCUK website: http://www.rcuk.ac.uk/innovation/impacts/
Data management plan — This section of the form should include concise plans for data management and data sharing for your proposed project. You may include information on the type and volume of data that will be generated. Additionally, timeframes for public release, secondary uses and whether or not any data is proprietary and why, should also be described.
Nominated referees — Applicants can nominate four reviewers who they feel can give an independent assessment of the proposed project. Recent collaborators, or members of any of the applicants’ own institutions are not permitted as referees. Note that, only one reviewer from any one institution is allowed.
The BBSRC’s assessment criteria for proposals include scientific excellence, relevance to their strategy, economic and social impact and value for money, amongst others. With this in mind, here are some key summary points for your application:
Read the grant application guidelines provided carefully – pay attention to the format and any stipulated page limit for all the individual documents requested
Ensure your research falls within the remit of the council – if in doubt get in touch with them
Ensure you pay close attention to any additional call-specific criteria
Read the handbook on how to complete the Je-S form
Leave plenty of time and get your colleagues in a related field to review your application for feedback
The core science in very important, but don’t be tempted just to focus on the case for support — spend as much time on the pathways to impact
Ensure you submit accurate budget plans, demonstrating good value for money. Over-costing will result in proposal rejection
[1] RCUK Grant Handbooks for all seven councils
AHRC: http://www.ahrc.ac.uk/funding/research/researchfundingguide/
BBSRC: http://www.bbsrc.ac.uk/funding/apply/
EPSRC: https://www.epsrc.ac.uk/funding/howtoapply/fundingguide/
ESRC: http://www.esrc.ac.uk/funding/guidance-for-applicants/research-funding-guide/
MRC: http://www.mrc.ac.uk/funding/guidance-for-applicants/
NERC: http://www.nerc.ac.uk/funding/application/howtoapply/forms/grantshandbook/
NC3Rs: http://www.nc3rs.org.uk/funding
STFC: http://www.stfc.ac.uk/research-grants-handbook/
[2] BBSRC research grant areas http://www.bbsrc.ac.uk/funding/grants/areas.aspx
[3] RCUK Guidelines on declaration of interests http://www.rcuk.ac.uk/documents/documents/declarationofinterests- applicants-pdf/.
BBSRC Grants Guide: http://www.bbsrc.ac.uk/documents/grants-guide/
Information for BBSRC joint international grant funding:
http://www.bbsrc.ac.uk/funding/internationalfunding/international- funding-index.aspx.
Need Funding Opportunities? Mendeley Users: visit Mendeley Funding – More Information
Funding, mendeley funding
Mendeley Brainstorm – Quantum Computing: Close to Prime Time?
Mendeley Brainstorm – The Gig Economy – We Have a Winner!
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Category: Light In The Attic (Music Label)
Rodriguez Label Chief: ‘Our Dealings with Clarence Avant Were Always Positive’ | AUDIO KORNER
Light in the Attic’s Matt Sullivan, whose reissues prefigured the Oscar-winning documentary, laments the story’s tragic ending.
Matt Sullivan, 38, is a true believer. The head of Light in the Attic, the reissue label he founded in 2003 with partner Joe Wright in Seattle, released Sixto Rodriguez’s two albums, his 1970 debut, Cold Fact, and the 1971 follow-up Coming From Reality, in August 2008 and May 2009, just about the time the late Oscar-winning filmmaker Malik Bendjelloul began working on his documentary about the Detroit singer-songwriter who had become a cult figure in South Africa as a symbol of the fight against apartheid.
The first time Sullivan heard Rodriguez’s “Sugarman,” from a compilation sent to him by his friend, Irish producer/musician David Holmes, he was hooked.
“I couldn’t get enough of it,” says Sullivan who launched the label with This Is Madness, the 1971 sophomore record by hip-hop precursors the Last Poets, and has released more than 150 albums since.
Sullivan then e-mailed South African record store owner Stephen “Sugar” Segerman, who put him in touch with Rodriguez and his family, as the fan tried to figure out how to license the albums and get the musician, who didn’t make a penny from all the bootlegs sold in South Africa and Australia, paid.
The search brought him into contact with Rodriguez’s original producers, Dennis Coffey and Mike Theodore, and music business veteran Clarence Avant, the one-time Motown head who released the two Rodriguez albums on his own Sussex label, most famously the original home of Bill Withers.
Avant refused to answer Matt’s e-mails or phone calls, but Sullivan’s persistence finally landed him a meeting with the elusive label head, who agreed to meet during a wedding anniversary trip to Seattle. After seeing the kind of publicity Light in the Attic generated for its releases, Avant relented and consented to license the two albums to the indie company.
If there’s a villain in Searching for Sugar Man, it’s the flippant Avant, who brushes off talk of contracts signed 40 years ago, though, according to Sullivan, his attitude belies the fervent belief the executive had in Rodriguez and his music, going so far as to ask him to change his name to Jesus Rodriguez to avoid a previous publishing deal, a case now in the courts.
Read more at Rodriguez Label Chief: ‘Our Dealings with Clarence Avant Were Always Positive’ | AUDIO KORNER
Sixto Rodriguez pursues review of contracts, sales in search of royalties | Detroit Free Press | freep.com
Rodriguez Courtesy of Malik Bendjelloul/Sony Pictures Classics
Could some answers finally be on the way for Sixto Rodriguez?
After decades of murkiness about his record sales and royalties, a legal and accounting team has begun an inquiry for the enigmatic singer-songwriter, the Free Press has learned.
The move comes as 70-year-old Rodriguez gears up for the biggest hometown show of his career, tonight at the sold-out Masonic Temple Theatre in Detroit.
Read more at Sixto Rodriguez pursues review of contracts, sales in search of royalties | Detroit Free Press | freep.com.
19 May 2013 24
Rodriguez will be on The Tonight Show | Light In The Attic
Rodriguez will be on The Tonight Show with @jayleno this Friday! 11:35pm/10:35c TUNE IN!!!! #sugarman
— Light In The Attic (@lightintheattic) January 9, 2013
Best Album Reissues of 2012: Rodriguez, ‘Searching for Sugar Man’ | Rolling Stone
Searching For Sugar Man
The reissue of the year is the soundtrack to one of the most compelling music documentaries ever made, about a comeback so improbable it seems like fiction. Searching for Sugar Man follows two South African fans as they solve the mystery of the Hispanic, Detroit-born singer-songwriter Rodriguez: a charismatic phantom who vanished into working-life obscurity after his quietly urgent, elegant-R&B classics, 1970’s Cold Fact and 1971’s Coming From Reality, crashed on release in the U.S. (They were Springsteen-size smashes in South Africa, though Rodriguez never saw a dime.)
The soundtrack combines the best tracks from those LPs in a greatest-hits display of Rodriguez’s supple Dylanesque voice; his fluid, lyric swing between sympathy, need and righteous candor in “Sugar Man,” “I Wonder” and “I Think of You”; and the music’s unhurried, funky delicacy. You can get the original records in full, reissued by Light in the Attic. But the Sugar Man album is a precise introduction to a gentle genius who is still here (now 70), still singing, and finally reaching the audience he always deserved.
via Best Album Reissues of 2012: Rodriguez, ‘Searching for Sugar Man’ | Rolling Stone.
Charles Bradley – “I’ll Slip Away” (Rodriguez cover) – YouTube
Celebrating Light In The Attic’s 10 year anniversary in 2012, we are releasing a series of very special colored vinyl 7″s and digital downloads. The series features contemporary artists covering a track reissued by Light In The Attic on the A-side, plus the original version on the B-side.
Charles Bradley — known as “The Screaming Eagle of Soul”, and for good reason — tackles ‘I’ll Slip Away’ by one of Light In The Attic’s big success stories, Rodriguez. Dating back three years before his defining Cold Fact album, ‘I’ll Slip Away’ was the Sugarman’s 1967 debut single for Impact Records. In Rodriguez’s hands, it’s shuffling, tropicalia-tinged folk. In Bradley’s hands and backed by the inimitable Menahan Street Band, it’s a vintage soul stomper.
A side is produced by Thomas Brenneck and recorded at Dunham Sound Studio, Brooklyn, NY, July 2012. B side features the original Rodriguez version as remastered by Dave Cooley.
Charles Bradley – “I’ll Slip Away” (Rodriguez cover) – YouTube.
Rotter and Friends – Wisdom » Rodriguez Official Shirts Come To Reality
Rodriguez Tee Shirt
I am so proud to release the first official illustrated tee shirts of Rodriguez and honored to have been asked to scribble the magic, approved by the man himself. Special thanks to Light In The Attic, David Black (photographer of wonder), Stella Berkofsky, and Rodriguez’s family, for helping make this project happen. Rodriguez’s music is a very personal labor of love-it has hit many heart strung moments and inspired greatly for ages. Beyond that, his story is legendary even beyond the gifts he gives all musically: selfless, talented, and genuine: we salute.
via Rotter and Friends – Wisdom » Rodriguez Official Shirts Come To Reality.
Save the Date: Light In The Attic 10-Year Anniversary Concerts
Press Release from Light In The Attic Records
Hi Friends & Family,
I wanted to say hello and let you know that this fall marks the 10-year anniversary of Light In The Attic. We feel incredibly lucky to be doing this for a decade and continuing to thrive, especially in these tough economic times. Each year has surpassed the previous year, and 2012 is set to be far and away our best. To celebrate our first decade, we’ve put together two special concerts in L.A. and Seattle featuring RODRIGUEZ, MICHAEL CHAPMAN, DONNIE & JOE EMERSON, SHIN JOONG HYUN, and STEPHEN JOHN KALINICH. Save the date; they’re going to be fantastic shows. Below/attached are the full details on who plays where and when. This fall will also see a 7″ singles series featuring contemporary artists covering Light In The Attic songs, including Iggy Pop & Zig Zags, Sweet Tea (Alex Maas (Black Angels) & Erika Wennerstrom (Heartless Bastards)), Charles Bradley & The Menahan Street Band, and Mark Lanegan, amongst others.
Furthermore, the film documentary SEARCHING FOR SUGAR MAN about Detroit singer-songwriter SIXTO RODRIGUEZ is finally in U.S. theaters. For the past 4 years, we’ve been re-releasing Rodriguez’s music and have recently partnered with Sony Legacy on the soundtrack. See the movie. It’s truly a brilliant film. If you hate it, we’ll pay for your ticket. 2012 already looks to be the year of Rodriguez. Earlier this month the man performed on Letterman (
). The film is currently playing in theaters in Seattle, L.A., New York, Boston, San Francisco, Portland, Chicago, DC. Austin, Dallas, San Diego, Philly, the list goes on and on. See below for more info on cities and theaters.
Thanks for all the continued support and here’s to another 10 years,
Matt.
Matt Sullivan | Light In The Attic Records
cell 206 919 3780 | office 323 466 0655 | fax 206 706 1008
www.lightintheattic.net | www.twitter.com/lightintheattic
LIGHT IN THE ATTIC 10-YEAR ANNIVERSARY CONCERTS:
Fri, Sept 28 @ El Rey (L.A.):
– RODRIGUEZ
– SHIN JOONG HYUN (3rd ever U.S. show)
– MICHAEL CHAPMAN
– STEPHEN JOHN KALINICH
– DJ SIPREANO
http://www.facebook.com/events/367964679941354/
Fri, Oct 12 @ Showbox Market (Seattle):
– DONNIE & JOE EMERSON (1st ever Seattle show)
– DJ SUSPENCE
http://www.facebook.com/events/347326228683466
SEARCHING FOR SUGAR MAN: NOW PLAYING AT:
HARVARD EXIT TWIN (SEATTLE, WA)
NITEHAWK CINEMA (BROOKLYN, NY)
VILLAGE EAST CINEMA 7 (NEW YORK, NY)
LINCOLN PLAZA CINEMAS (NEW YORK, NY)
THE LANDMARK ON PICO (LOS ANGELES, CA)
REGENCY SOUTH COAST VILLAGE CIN (COSTA MESA, CA)
LAEMMLE’S PLAYHOUSE 7 (PASADENA, CA)
LA JOLLA VILLAGE THEATRE (LA JOLLA, CA)
AQUARIUS TWIN (PALO ALTO, CA)
CENTURY FIVE (PLEASANT HILL, CA)
EMBARCADERO CENTER CIN. 5 (SAN FRANCISCO, CA)
SEQUOIA TWIN (MILL VALLEY, CA)
NICKELODEON FOUR (SANTA CRUZ, CA)
CAMELVIEW PLAZA 5 (SCOTTSDALE, AZ)
CHARLES THEATRE (BALTIMORE, MD)
CENTURY CENTRE CINEMA (CHICAGO, IL)
KENDALL SQUARE CINEMA 9 (CAMBRIDGE, MA)
MAIN ART THEATRE 3 (ROYAL OAK, MI)
RITZ AT THE BOURSE 5 (PHILADELPHIA, PA)
MAYAN THREE (DENVER, CO)
WEST END CINEMA (WASHINGTON, DC)
COOLIDGE CNR. MOVIEHOUSE (BROOKLINE, MA)
EDINA CINEMA 4 (EDINA, MN)
FOX TOWER 10 (PORTLAND, OR)
ARBOR CINEMAS @ GREAT HILLS (AUSTIN, TX)
VIOLET CROWN CINEMA (AUSTIN, TX)
THE MAGNOLIA THEATRE (DALLAS, TX)
ANGELIKA FILM CENTER & CAFE (PLANO, TX)
MORE INFO + ADDITIONAL CITIES: www.sonyclassics.com/searchingforsugarman/dates.html
Uncut – Soundtrack Review – October 2012
A Selection Of Rodriguez Album Covers
Cold Fact (LP) Coming From
Reality (LP) Cold Fact (LP) After The Fact (LP)
At His Best (LP) Rodriguez Alive (LP) The Best Of Rodriguez (LP) Cold Fact (CD)
Cold Fact (CD) After The Fact (CD) Live Fact (CD) Cold Fact (CD)
After The Fact (CD) All The Facts (3CD) Cold Fact (Remastered CD) Sugarman: The Best Of Rodriguez
After The Fact (Remastered CD) Cold Fact
(USA re-issue) Searching For Sugar Man (soundtrack) Searching For Sugar Man (soundtrack)
August 2008 Worldwide
July 2012 Worldwide
Light In The Attic’s 10 Year Anniversary | Seattle & Los Angeles Concerts | Limited Edition 7″ Series « Light in the Attic Records
Light In The Attic’s 10 Year Anniversary | Seattle & Los Angeles Concerts
Hard to believe ten years have passed since Matt Sullivan and Josh Wright founded Light In The Attic, a label responsible for some of the sharpest looking and sounding reissues and new albums of recent years. To celebrate the tenth anniversary, Light In The Attic has put together some very special events and a series of exclusive singles.
via Light In The Attic’s 10 Year Anniversary | Seattle & Los Angeles Concerts | Limited Edition 7″ Series « Light in the Attic Records.
8 August 2012 0
Searching for Sugar Man – Rodriguez | AllMusic
In the documentary Searching for Sugar Man, director Malik Bendjelloul looks back at two music fans’ quest in the early ’90s to learn the fate of ’70s singer/songwriter Rodriguez (born Sixto Diaz Rodriguez to Mexican immigrant parents in Detroit), musically accompanied by the Searching for Sugar Man soundtrack that collects tracks from his two albums. Growing up in South Africa, record retailer Stephen “Sugar” Segerman and music journalist Craig Bartholomew had a very different relationship with Rodriguez than folks in his native U.S.; while debut Cold Fact and follow-up Coming from Reality (released on the short-lived Sussex label in 1970 and 1971, respectively) attracted critical praise from the few press outlets they reached, commercially they went nowhere, seemingly dooming the artist to obscurity. But against all odds, a bootleg recording of Cold Fact made its way to South Africa, just as the stronghold of apartheid was growing, and Rodriguez’s anti-establishment storytelling, filtered through a psychedelia-tinged folk-rock lens, connected deeply with black Africans as well as liberal young Afrikaners.
via Searching for Sugar Man – Rodriguez : Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards : AllMusic.
Searching for Sugar Man – Movie Trailers – iTunes
SEARCHING FOR SUGAR MAN tells the incredible true story of Rodriguez, the greatest ’70s rock icon who never was. Discovered in a Detroit bar in the late ’60s by two celebrated producers struck by his soulful melodies and prophetic lyrics, they recorded an album which they believed would secure his reputation as the greatest recording artist of his generation. In fact, the album bombed and the singer disappeared into obscurity amid rumors of a gruesome on-stage suicide. But a bootleg recording found its way into apartheid South Africa and, over the next two decades, he became a phenomenon. The film follows the story of two South African fans who set out to find out what really happened to their hero. Their investigation leads them to a story more extraordinary than any of the existing myths about the artist known as Rodriguez.
via Searching for Sugar Man – Movie Trailers – iTunes.
26 July 2012 1
Searching For Sugar Man Original Motion Picture Soundtrack | Light In The Attic Records
Searching For Sugar Man Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
“Stunning. One of the greatest, and most moving documentaries ever made.” ★★★★★, Q Magazine
“A hugely entertaining, emotionally touching, and musically revelatory experience” – IndieWire
“to South Africans in the early ‘70s he was their Beatles and Dylan combined” ★★★★, Mojo
via Searching For Sugar Man Original Motion Picture Soundtrack | Light In The Attic Records.
Summer Docs with Alec Baldwin | Hamptons International Film Festival
“Sometimes, unpredictable things occur in documentary film, occasionally, unbelievable things. SUGAR MAN is a film that introduces you to people you will never forget,” says HIFF Board Member and SummerDocs Host Alec Baldwin.
via Summer Docs with Alec Baldwin | Hamptons International Film Festival.
Searching For Sugar Man Poster | Malik Bendjelloul
Searching For Sugar Man Poster
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Advertising – North Korean Style (2): Where a picture says a thousand words.
August 25, 2018 / Frogdancer Jones / 6 Comments
Remember this guy? The golden Kim Il Sung? He was where I left the discussion last time.
He is on one of the 3 decorated stations in the Pyongyang metro that we visited, larger than life and twice as golden. I want you to keep him in mind when we revisit the metro later in this post. He isn’t the only item in the station I want to show you.
Last time we were talking about how The DPRK regime has clearly observed the power of advertising in the capitalist West and has used some of the tricks that work so well in the West, to instead endear themselves and their government to the North Korean population. Pictures and other visuals were a key component in gaining and then holding power.
As I’ve written about elsewhere, when Kim Il Sung came back to North Korea after WWII, North Korea had around 2.5 million illiterate people. Not surprisingly, there was a huge push for education. In 1946 the first University was built and in 1953 compulsory primary schooling was introduced. In the meantime, it makes sense that painting, murals and other visual arts would be crucial in gaining the largely illiterate population’s support for the new government and its programs.
This reliance on visual aids is still heavily used to this day.
These two photographs (with the helpful English subtitles) were in the foyer of the 6-star hotel that we stayed in when we went into the country. Whenever any of the leaders visited a factory, school, mine or farm, photographers were clearly on hand to document the visit, with the photos and captions proudly displayed for evermore.
Do you notice the phrasing of the captions? It was always the same – the leaders were not just touring and observing… they were always giving “on-site guidance” because their knowledge is deeper and more intuitive than anyone else’s.
Notice too, how Kim Jong Un is smiling and others around are laughing. By all accounts, he’s a very funny man and when we were in North Korea we saw many photos of him looking like he was full of warmth and good cheer. But in the West, it’s rare we see any photos of him cracking a grin.
Photos aren’t the only images that are used. In every foyer, whether it be a school, a hotel or a public building, there are massive paintings of at least one of the older 2 leaders. This one was in the foyer of the primary school in Pyongsong that we toured. Kim Il Sung is surrounded by happy children, Kim Jong Il is over to the side looking adoringly at his father, while the children are in an idyllic place, with more children rushing to join them. They are shown literally hanging off the two leaders, as metaphors for the Korean people as a whole, being supported and uplifted by these two Great Men.
See the bouquet of flowers at the foot of the painting? They were fresh flowers, and I’d bet my bottom dollar that there’s a fresh bouquet brought there every day, probably by the families of the students. If I was running the school I’d have the flowers brought on a roster, with each family’s child/ren having the honour of bowing and laying the flowers down in front of the portrait. Nothing like teaching them young!
This portrait of Kim Il Sung is in the foyer of the Grand People’s Study House, which was built to honour him on his 70th birthday. It was probably one of the biggest paintings we saw and I regret that I didn’t have a person in the frame to show you how large it is.
Mt Paektu in the distance, which is the most sacred mountain in the Korean peninsula for both North and South Koreans, the pine forest behind him with its positive ions and the blossoms of the foliage with its renewal and growth after the hard times of winter. Everywhere the North Koreans go, they see paintings like this all around them. They are steeped in the mystique of Kim Il Sung, in particular.
And here we are down in the metro again. This is at the very end of Puhung Station. See the shine? This isn’t a painting – it’s a mosaic made up of very tiny tiles, entitled ‘The Great Leader Kim Il-Sung Among Workers’. This is one of many mosaics that decorate the walls of these stations. They are all incredibly nationalistic in style, usually with political images of the leaders and the workers, but sometimes with views of Pyongyang itself and of vistas showcasing Korea’s natural beauty.
Actually, when you walk up to get a closer view, you can’t help but notice that Kim Il Sung’s face has far more detail than the others’ faces.
These mosaics run the whole length of the stations. They must have taken ages to plan and complete.
The next two photos are portions of the mosaics that run either side to the big gold statue of Kim Il Sung that is at the beginning of this post. Running for at least 30 feet alongside both platforms, these mosaics feature workers and citizens from all walks of life joyously celebrating the glory that is Kim Il Sung.
There’d be at least a hundred different figures all facing the statue, with their flags, signs and ecstatic expressions showing just how incredible their leader is. No matter where a commuter looks, there’s the evidence of how fortunate and blessed he or she is.
I’m sure by now you recognise the mountain behind Kim Jong Il! He’s standing in the worker’s parka that he wore in public in winter for the last decade or so of his life. Underneath that, he’s wearing the khaki uniform that again, he always wore in public to show that he was always working for the people and so didn’t have the time or the inclination to waste on dressing in expensive suits. (Sadly, in private it was another story. But the North Korean people haven’t an inkling of it.)
The lights in this station are meant to look like fireworks, celebrating all that he has done for and sacrificed for the country. Notice the newspapers in frames so the commuters can see what’s going on? When the people left and we were the only ones on the platform, we asked Mr Kim, one of our guides, what things were being reported on. The big news of the day was that it was the 30th anniversary of Kim Jong Il being appointed the head of some committee or other. Later on that day we saw women dancing in their national costumes in celebration of this.
The man has been dead since 2011! But still, they dance.
But BY FAR the most important images are these two. Every single house has them. Every single classroom, office, business, restaurant, factory … even, to my surprise, every single train carriage. No matter where a North Korean goes, these two faces are above them. These are the only shots used, so they are as familiar as the back of your own hand.
Every house is expected to have these hung up in the main living area. They are to be kept clean and dusted, and woe betide you if one gets broken. We were only in the DPRK for 10 days and even in that short space of time, we saw these faces so often that they became utterly familiar.
“Ah, there’s our mates!” we’d say as we walked under them. How much more powerful must it be if you were born under these faces and literally grew up under them all your life?
Here they are in the English classroom that I taught in at the Grand People’s Study House. They’re almost as big as me!
One morning towards the end of our tour, we went for a walk around central Pyongyang. By this stage, I had become very blasé about the pictures and signs, but I liked this one. It’s rare to see a woman featured at the forefront of a battle scene. This was one of a series of images on the side of the State Theatre.
Dotted in and around Pyongyang and other cities were billboards like these. They were everywhere, usually with cheering, victorious soldiers, but I particularly liked this one with the nuclear missiles flying up above the cheering population. I don’t know what the words below mean.
Every time you walk down the street, you are surrounded by images like this, or of the national flag.
Speaking of which, here it is.
It’s a clever design, with strong colours, (ironically the same red white and blue of the hated American Aggressors… and our flag too, come to think of it!), and it looks very effective when you see a whole heap of them in a line or grouped together on a street corner. The red star in the centre is placed everywhere. We noticed it a lot at the DMZ.
On our walk through Pyongyang, I decided to ask Un Ha, our other North Korean guide, what a couple of the signs were saying. I couldn’t quite remember the exact wording, but I’ve got it down in my book as being something about the constant fight for reunification with South Korea and how they will never give up.
Aha! Another sign! I asked Un Ha what it was saying.
“We promise to uphold the leadership of Marshal Kim Jong Un with the utmost loyalty.”
It makes you wonder.
Here is a population being groomed to adore their government above all else, while we’re being groomed to believe that KFC is finger-lickin’ good, that Red Bull gives you wings, and that maybe she’s born with it – or maybe it’s Maybelline.
There’s more I want to show you. Advertising is incredibly powerful.
Consumerism, Travel
How boredom spawned a side hustle.
OMG that last comment was priceless……..I nearly snorted 🙂
I had to go back in to see what I wrote!
Mrs Groovy
“The man has been dead since 2011! But still, they dance.” That’s the line that made me snort.
The mosaics are incredible works of art. I admit I don’t understand the hero/God leader worship thing. Although even a tiny iota of that would help here in the states where our president gets no respect, like him or not.
We’ve had (I think) 7 Prime Ministers in 11 years. Our leaders don’t seem to get too much respect at the moment either! ________________________________
august income/expenses report – a bit of an odd one - theFIREstarter
BOOKing myself in for next year. | Burning Desire for FIRE
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Airline CEO Willie Walsh honoured by Irish tourism industry with Special Recognition Award
Aviation, Business | Mon 4 Feb | Author – Business & Finance
Maurice Pratt Irish Tourism Industry Confederation Chairman, Airline CEO Willie Walsh, Irish Tourism Industry Confederation CEO Eoghan O’Mara Walsh. Photographer: Paul Sherwood
Irish Tourism Industry Awards announced 15 winning companies as best in category including Aer Lingus and EPIC museum
Airline CEO, Willie Walsh was honoured at the Irish Tourism Industry Awards receiving the 2019 Special Recognition Award for his contribution to Irish tourism. The Awards, organised by the Irish Tourism Industry Confederation (ITIC), Fáilte Ireland and Tourism Ireland also announced 15 winning companies as best in their category from 75 shortlisted finalists.
Willie Walsh’s career path
Willie Walsh became chief executive of International Airlines Group (IAG) when the company was created in January 2011, joining from British Airways where he was chief executive from October 2005. IAG is the parent company of Aer Lingus, British Airways, Iberia and Vueling. It is one of the world’s largest airline groups with 565 aircraft flying to 279 destinations and carrying around 113 million passengers each year. Prior to joining British Airways, he was chief executive at Aer Lingus, a position he was appointed to in the aftermath of 9/11.
Born in Dublin in 1961, Willie joined Aer Lingus in 1979 as a cadet pilot. He held several management positions in Aer Lingus before being appointed chief executive of Futura, a Spanish charter airline owned by Aer Lingus in 1998. He returned to Dublin with Aer Lingus in 2000 where he took up the role of chief operating officer and was subsequently appointed as chief executive in October 2001. He completed a Master of Science in Management and Business Administration at Dublin’s Trinity College in 1992.
Special Recognition Award for contribution to Irish Tourism
Receiving the Special Recognition award, Willie Walsh, said:
Tourism is a key sector for the Irish economy and it is only right that there is a national event to acknowledge and celebrate the best companies, operators and initiatives in this vibrant industry. My congratulations to everyone this evening on their awards and continued success, and thank you for this recognition.
Chairman of the Irish Tourism Industry Confederation (ITIC), Maurice Pratt, presenting to Willie Walsh, commented:
As Chair of ITIC and on behalf of the industry, I congratulate Willie Walsh on his significant contribution to Irish tourism. His work as CEO of Aer Lingus, and latterly as CEO of IAG, has been instrumental in delivering positive change to Irish tourism and we are thrilled to recognise that this evening and congratulate him on his achievements.
Irish tourism and Brexit
Speaking about the Irish tourism industry and the possible implications of Brexit, CEO of ITIC, Eoghan O’Mara Walsh, said:
The Irish tourism industry is worth an estimated €9.2 billion annually and employs 270,000 people right around the country. It is Ireland’s largest indigenous industry and is a massive asset to our economy. With the uncertainty of Brexit and the impact that may be felt, it is imperative that our Government continues to support the sector, so that we can ensure success for many years to come.
Fáilte Ireland campaign targets Brexit in €500k tourism push
Walsh Whiskey announce new product for the Christmas market
Markets update: Markets oscillate in stand off between economy and pandemic
Topics: Awards, Brexit, Irish Tourism Industry Confederation, special recognition, tourism
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Review The Liar’s Girl by Catherine Ryan Howard
Posted by daniel on 7 February 2018
Will Hurley was an attractive, charming, and impressive student at Dublin’s elite St. John’s College-and Ireland’s most prolific serial killer. Having stalked his four young victims, he drowned them in the muddy waters of the Grand Canal. Sentenced to life imprisonment when he was just nineteen, Will is locked away in the city’s Central Psychiatric Hospital.
Freshman Alison Smith moved to the Big Smoke to enrol in St. John’s and soon fell hard for Will Hurley. Her world bloomed … and then imploded when Liz, her best friend, became the latest victim of the Canal Killer-and the Canal Killer turned out to be the boy who’d been sleeping in her bed. Alison fled to the Netherlands and, in ten years, has never once looked back.
When a young woman’s body is found in the Grand Canal, Garda detectives visit Will to see if he can assist them in solving what looks like a copycat killing. Instead, Will tells them he has something new to confess-but there’s only one person he’s prepared to confess it to. The last thing Alison wants is to be pulled back into the past she’s worked so hard to leave behind. Reluctantly, she returns to the city she hasn’t set foot in for more than a decade to face the man who murdered the woman she was supposed to become.
Only to discover that, until now, Will has left out the worst part of all …
Last year I was one of those readers who found themselves engaged and engrossed altogether in Catherine Ryan Howard’s debut, Distress Signals, a cruise-themed thriller packed with twists, gory scenes, and abounding information on the workings of the maritime law. Needless to say, that novel deservedly gained a 5-star rating from me and you can imagine the sheer excitement I was overwhelmed with at the prospect of reading a brand new Ryan Howard publication in advance.
The Liar’s Girl is an enthralling mystery due to be published in March 2018 and I advise you all not to miss the opportunity of purchasing this well-plotted and well-researched novel by a highly talented author who, in my opinion, has not received sufficient acclaim and credit for her skillful narrative capabilities. In this second publication, Ryan Howard employs a selection of the tricks that worked out so well and have made Distress Signals stand out in the eyes of the avid mystery/thriller genres readers, such as the blend of past and present, the story told from the protagonist’s point of view as well as the culprit’s, plenty of detailed information about the functioning of the Garda (the Irish police force) and the law of Ireland, this last component contributing to the realistic and authentic aspect of the novel. While The Liar’s Girl bears welcome similarities to Ryan Howard’s previous work, it also showcases a set of distinctive features that together distinguish it from its predecessor, namely the slow-burning storyline as well as the strong emphasis on the procedural aspects in which Alison, the protagonist, is immersed in.
I thoroughly enjoyed the manner in which the author managed to build the relationships between the characters, in this endeavor successfully making use of characterization. In order to make sense of the present situation the characters of the novel find themselves in and the development of the plot, the readers ought to properly know their personalities, mentalities, backgrounds, and therefore the masterful characterization written by Ryan Howard comes in handy in this regard. I was certainly interested in seeing how Alison and Will would react in a face-to-face contact after ten years during which their lives obviously followed opposite paths and they did not communicate with one another at all following the dramatic prosecution of Will. Regarding this, it is safe to say that the author did not disappoint, considering that she wrote emotionally packed and tense dialogues between the two showing the drama derived from miscommunication, misunderstanding, and perhaps misjudgment. In addition, I appreciated the dynamics of the relationship between Alison and Malone and I loved the fact that the author left the reader hanging in the air with regard to whether they felt something for one another or not. In terms of working partners, they certainly made a rather good team despite the fact that they did not discover the truth in full, this aspect relating to the biggest and well-executed revelation Ryan Howard is bound to surprise most of the readers with.
To conclude, I believe that the worthiness of this mystery lies in the effective execution of the narrative flow, the beautiful writing, the exquisite characterization, and the fine build-up of suspense culminating in an unexpected but realistic twist. The Liar’s Girl is a strong 4-star read I am wholeheartedly recommending to everyone who has a love for the mystery/thriller genres.
Special thanks go to Edelweiss and Blackstone Publishing for providing me with an ARC in exchange for an honest review.
Published by daniel
View all posts by daniel
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Bitten( fanforever)1992 says:
interesanta coperta.
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HOLMAN v. STATE FN
Court of Appeal, Fifth District, California.
Ralph HOLMAN, Plaintiff and Appellant, v. STATE of California, Defendant and Respondent. [FN*]
Civ. 2449.
Decided: November 26, 1975
Sims & Solomon, Gabriel W. Solomon, Bakersfield, for plaintiff and appellant. Russ, McConnell & Tarkington, Paul W. Daniels, San Francisco, Borton, Petrini, Conron, Wetteroth, Hitchcock, Werdel & Kuhs, Bakersfield, for defendant and respondent.
STATEMENT OF THE CASE
This appeal involves the propriety of the granting of a nonsuit on two causes of action and the sustaining of a general demurrer to a third cause of action in a complaint for personal injuries by appellant Holman against the respondent State of California. The first cause of action is based on a theory o vicarious liability of respondent as the employer of an independent contractor for the negligent failure of the contractor to take special precautions. The second cause of action is based on two theories; first, a direct liability of respondent as a statutory employer under Labor Code section 6304 in that it failed to provide appellant with a safe place of employment; second, a direct liability under section 414 of the Restatement Second of Torts, for negligence in exercising control by an employer over work entrusted to an independent contractor. The third cause of action alleges respondent's negligence in selecting and retaining an incompetent and negligent contractor.
A general demurrer to the first two causes of action was overruled but was sustained as to the third cause of action with leave to amend. No amendment was filed, and the third cause of action was ordered dismissed. The case went to trial before a jury on the first two causes of action; at the close of appellant's case-in-chief a nonsuit was granted in favor of respondent on both causes of action. Thereafter, a final judgment was entered in favor of respondent on the three causes of action.
In accordance with the rule for reviewing a judgment of nonsuit, we will present the facts on the first two causes of action in a light most favorable to appellant.
On December 24, 1969, appellant, a heavy equipment operator, sustained severe and near-fatal injuries when he slipped and fell into an unshielded, high-speed, revolving driveshaft of a Caterpillar Model 630 tractor-scraper earthmoving machine. The machine was owned by appellant's employer, E. C. Young & Sons (hereinafter “Young”), who was employed by respondent as the general contractor for construction of a 14.8-mile portion of Interstate 5 in Kern County known as the Lost Hills segment. The driveshaft was unguarded in direct violation of the California Division of Industrial Safety, General Industry Safety Orders (Cal.Admin.Code, tit. 8, art. 41, s 3517, now s 4002) which provided that:
“Hazardous revolving or reciprocating parts in any machine not guarded by the frame of the machine or by location shall be guarded.”
Appellant testified that he went to work for Young in the middle of 1968 when Young was the contractor on another section of the freeway known as the Buttonwillow job. When the accident occurred, Young had been working on the Lost Hills section for three or four months. Appellant had operated various pieces of heavy equipment for Young including Young's three Caterpillar Model 630's. He had operated the 630 on which he was injured for three to four days prior to the accident. According to appellant, from the time he began operating the 630's until the day he was injured, none of the 630's had shields over their driveshafts.
The tractor on which appellant was injured had something wrong with its transmission so that it blew oil out of the dipstick hole. Because the transmission would run low on oil, it had to be checked several times a day. The only way to check the oil was to shut the engine off and check it with the dipstick or to look to see if oil was bubbling out of the dipstick hole when the engine was running. When the oil ran low, a grease monkey at the borrow pit would refill the transmission. The borrow pit was an area 500 feet from the roadway where the contractor obtained fill-dirt for the project.
On the day of the accident, appellant drove the 630 to the borrow pit for another load of dirt. Because he had to wait for another rig to get out of the way, he decided to check the transmission oil. He stood up on the deck on which the seat was located and turned around; he apparently slipped and fell toward the rear of the tractor and became entangled in the exposed three-foot section of the driveshaft.
Appellant testified that the exposed driveshaft could be seen from the ground. He said respondent's engineering staff was present daily in and about the 630's. He and the other equipment operators often complained to Young's mechanics about the lack of shields on the tractors, but he had never complained directly to Mr. Young or “the bosses.”
Appellant said the general condition of Young's equipment “pretty bad.” They had to be push-started and once they started nothing worked well. They wouldn't go into gear, the tires were bad, and the steering on some machines was bad. The 630's had to be left running at lunch time because they wouldn't re-start without pushing.
Appellant knew Brownie Coleman, the union shop steward on the job. He said Coleman was constantly complaining about the condition of the equipment in the presence of respondent's engineering staff, but he couldn't remember if Coleman specifically complained of the lack of driveshaft shields.
Brownie Coleman tesified that he was the Local 12 Operating Engineer's union steward on the Lost Hills freeway project when appellant was injured. As the union steward he was responsible for looking out for the safety of the men on the job. He said there were numerous state employees on the job with whom he often ate lunch. He said he observed many dangerous conditions on the job and that he frequently talked to the respondent's employees at lunch time about the conditions. He said he had talked with respondent's engineering staff about the exposed driveshafts on the 630's although he couldn't remember the dates of the conversations or the names of the people. He didn't know if all three 630's had exposed shafts when the job began, but all three were exposed when appellant was injured. He said Young was operating nothing but junk and that he discussed with respondent's people the lack of seat belts, the lack of fenders and bad tires on the equipment. Four people were hurt before the seat belts eventually were installed. He asked respondent's engineering staff to take one piece of equipment off the job because of no fenders and “a little bit of everything,” but the engineer said that if he shut down one piece on Young's equipment, he would have to shut them all down because they were all unsafe. Coleman said the unguarded driveshafts could be seen from just walking around the equipment that the resident engineering staff sometimes worked in close proximity to the 630's, and that there was nothing to prevent them from seeing the exposed driveshafts.
On cross-examination, Coleman repeated that he had requested respondent's staff to shut down equipment because of no seat belts, no fenders and bad tires. He said eventually a state official came to the jobsite and required seat belts. He said one one Young's mechanics might have told him the guard had been removed from appellant's 630 four to five days before the accident and it was run over by another truck which made it impossible to put it back on; Coleman was equivocal about this statement. He told Young's mechanics about the missing driveshaft shields, but he admitted it was possible he didn't mention this condition to respondent's people on the job-site. Although he discussed to other deficiencies with respondent's staff, he did not talk to Mr. Koontz, respondent's chief resident engineer.
On re-direct, Coleman said he was not sure when the driveshaft shields were removed from the 630's; that he often worked closely with respondent's engineer, Clayton, and that Clayton sometimes gave directions to Young's employees.
Appellant introduced into evidence the basic contract with respondent and the standard specifications which were incorporated into the contract. The contract provided that Young would comply with all applicable safety laws and provide all necessary safety devices and protective equipment, and take any other safety precautions as the contractor or as the State Highway Department contracting officer determined to be reasonably necessary. The standard specifications in pertinent part provided that:
“Authority of Engineer. The (state) Engineer shall decide all questions which may arise as to the quality or acceptability of materials furnished and work performed and as to the manner of performance and rate of progress of the work; all questions which may arise as to the interpretation of the plans and specification; all questions as to the acceptable fulfillment of the contract on the part of the Contractor; and all questions as to compensation. His decision shall be final and he shall have authority to enforce and make effective such decisions and orders which the Contractor fails to carry out promptly. (Emphasis added.)
“Superintendence. The Contractor shall designate in writing before starting work, an authorized representative who shall have the authority to represent and act for the Contractor.
“Said authorized representative shall be present at the site of the work at all times while work is acutally in progress on the contract. When work is not in progress and during periods when work is suspended, arrangements acceptable to the Engineer shall be made for any emergency work which may be required.
“Whenever the Contractor or his authorized representative is not present on any particular part of the work where it may be desired to give direction, orders will be given by the Engineer, which shall be received and obeyed by the superintendent or foreman who may have charge of the particular work in reference to which the order are given.
“Any order given the Engineer, not otherwise required by the specifications to be in writing, will on request of the Contractor, be given or confirmed by the Engineer in writing.
“Inspection. The Engineer shall at all times have access to the work during its construction, and shall be furnished with every reasonable facility for ascertaining that the materials and the workmanship are in accordance with the requirements and intentions of these specifications, the special provisions, and the plans. All work done and all materials furnished shall be subject to his inspection.
“Equipment and Plants. Only equipment and plants suitable to produce the quality of work and materials required will be permitted to operate on the project.
“The Contractor shall provide adequate and suitable equipment and plants to meet the above requirements, and when ordered by the Engineer shall remove unsuitable equipment from the work and discontinue the operation of unsatisfactory plants.
“Character of Workmen. If any subcontractor or person employed by the Contractor shall appear to the Engineer to be incompetent or to act in a disorderly or improper manner, he shall be discharged immediately on the requisition of the Engineer, and such person shall not again be employed on the work.
“Safety Provisions. The Contractor shall conform to the rules and regulations pertaining to safety established by the California Division of Industrial Safety.”
William Koontz testified he was the chief resident engineer for respondent and that he had five permanent assistants. His staff was thoroughly with Young before the Lost Hills project was begun because Young was the contractor on the previous Buttonwillow section of freeway. Counsel for appellant read to Koontz the sections from the standard specifications that indicated the resident engineer had control over the contractor. Koontz said he was familiar with those sections and knew the standard specifications were a part of the contract. He was aware the specifications provided that the contractor would comply with all state safety regulations, but he thought he had no duty to see that Young followed those safety rules; however, if he did see a hazardous condition, he would call it to the contractor's attention. He felt he had no affirmative duty to inspect the contractor's equipment for safety violations. He was not aware of any safety program initiated by Young, and said there was no state employee assigned to safety responsibilities. Koontz said his staff worked in the vicinity of Young's equipment. He was aware Young did not provide his mechanics with a maintenance shop, so they basically maintained the equipment out of a truck.
Appellant offered evidence that when Mr. Young purchased the Caterpillar 630's there were no shields over the driveshafts. There was evidence that the driveshaft shield was a standard part readily available from the local Caterpillar dealer fo $62.93
Appellant offered proof that Young's chief mechanic would testify that the three 630 tractors were used on the Buttonwilow and Lost Hills jobs, that they had no driveshaft shields; that all of Young's equipment was is poor shape and in constant need of repair, that he was only authorized to “patch” the equipment, that some equipment had no brakes or fenders, had loose steering, the tires were seconds, and the equpiment was extremely dangerous to operate. During the year he worked for Yound he never saw a state safety man nor were any safety meetings ever held. Young compared unfavorable to other contractors. He said state staffers were on the job-sites and had access to the equipment.
Finally, appellant offered to call witnesses from the State Division of Industrial Safety who would testify that it adopted special safety orders for high-injury-risk industries and that the state had deemed the construction industry to be a high-injury-risk business.
Preliminarily, we note that a nonsuit may be granted only when, disregarding conflicting evidence and giving to plaintiff's evidence all of the value to which it is legally entitled, and indulging in every legitimate inference which may be drawn from the evidence, the result is that there is no evidence of sufficient substantiality to support a verdict in favor of the plaintiff. (Stanford v. City of Ontario, 6 Cal.3d 870, 874, fn. 1, 101 Cal.Rptr. 97, 495 P.2d 425.)
We also note that the general rule of nonliability of the employer of an independent contractor for the latter's negligence is subject to such wide exceptions that nonliability is now the exception. Policy considerations frequently command the imposition of liability. (4 Witkin, Summary of Cal.Law (8th ed.) Torts, s 657, p. 2937.)
“Some of the principal (policy considerations) are that the enterprise, notwithstanding the employment of the independent contractor, remains the employer's because he is the party primarily to be benefited by it, that he selects the contractor, is free to insist upon one who is financially responsible, and to demand indemnity from him, that the insurance necessary to distribute the risk is properly a cost of the employer's business, and that the performance of the duty of care is of great importance to the public.” (Van Arsdale v. Hollinger, 68 Cal.2d 245, 253, 66 Cal.Rptr. 20, 25, 437 P.2d 508, 513.
We analyze the nonsuits and the demurrer with these principles in mind.
FIRST CAUSE OF ACTION
Appellant's first cause of action is predicated on a theory of vicarious liability as provided is section 416 of the Restatement Second of Torts:
“One who employes an independent contractor to do work which the employer should recognize as likely to create during its progress a peculiar risk of physical harm to others unless special precautions are taken, is subject to liability for physical harm caused to them by the failure of the contractor to exercise reasonable care to take such precautions, even though the employer has provided for such precautions in the contract or otherwise.” (See also Rest.2d Torts, s 427.)
While it is not essential that the work which the contractor is employed to do be in itself an extra hazardous or abnormally dangerous activity, or that it involves a high degree of risk to those in the immediate vicinity, it must involve some special hazard resulting from the nature of the work done which in turn calls for special precautins. This principle is explained:
“(I)f a contractor is employed to transport the employer's goods by truck over the public highway, the employer is not liable for the contractor's failure to inspect the brakes on his truck, or for his driving in excess of the speed limit, because the risk is in no way a peculiar one, and only on ordinary precaution is called for. But if the contractor is employed to transport giant logs weighing several tons over the highway, the employer will be subject to liability for the contractor's failure to take special precautions to anchor them on his trucks.” (Rest.2d Torts, s 416, com.d)
The cases generally recognize this distinction. In Van Arsdale v. Hollinger, supra, 68 Cal.2d 245, 66 Cal.Rptr. 20, 437 P.2d 508, the plaintiff was employed by a paving company which had contracted with the City of Los Angeles to make street improvements. As plaintiff was working at his job of eradicating the line from the street, he was hit from behind by a car. There was no flagman present and the plaintiff was working beyond the safety barricades without a red safety coat in violation of the paving company's contract with the city. After holding that employees of independent contractors come within the class of persons protected by section 416 of the Restatement Second of Torts, the court stated:
“. . . the conditions precedent to the nondelegable duty imposed by section 416 appear as a matter of law. The undertaking here was to eradicate the markings of the white lines on a busy street while one of the three lanes was kept open to traffic. Absent special precautions to keep the traffic proceeding on the open lane from going into the other lanes, the work was highly dangerous. The necessity for such precautions was inherent in the work and was obvious before the work commenced. The contract of the city provided for special precautions, but under the plain language of section 416 this does not satisfy its duty.” (68 Cal.2d at p. 254, 66 Cal.Rptr. at p. 26, 437 P.2d at p. 514.)
In Anderson v. L. C. Smith Constr., 276 Cal.App.2d 436, 81 Cal.Rptr. 73, it was held that backing a truck loaded with asphalt ona highway construction job without a warning device constituted dangerous work in the absence of special precautions. The evidence showed that the deceased (an employee of the subcontractor), at the time he was killed, was engaged in marking a chalkline for the asphalt paving machine to follow; that the paving operation required trucks to dump loads of asphalt into the hopper on the front part of the machine; to accomplish this the trucks loaded with asphalt would pull in some distance ahead of the paving machine, stop, and then back up to the paving machine which would be moving slowly forward putting down a layer of asphalt. Clearly, the nature of the work involved a special hazard to plaintiff which was foreseeable to the defendant general contractor.
Other examples of work which have been held to create a peculiar risk of physical harm absent special precautins are: Cement work on a bridge 20 feet high with no scaffolding or railings worker fell from bridge (Fonseca v. County of Orange, 28 Cal.App.3d 361, 104 Cal.Rptr. 566); building bridge over high-voltage wires worker injured whn boom of crane touched wire (Walker v. Capistrano Saddle Club, 12 Cal.App.3d 894, 90 Cal.Rptr. 912); repairing a metal tank from the inside by forcing buckled metal outward with the risk that the metal would spring inward and injure a workman (Ferrel v. Safeway Steel Scaffolds, 57 Cal.2d 651, 21 Cal.Rptr. 12, 369 P.2d 708); building concrete wall and floor, without railings, to a height of 10 feet with the risk that a workman might fall or be pushed from the wall (Morehouse v. Taubman, Co., 5 Cal.App.3d 548, 85 Cal.Rptr. 308); digging a trench without adequate bracing with the risk that a workman might be injured by a cave-in (Widman v. Rossmoor Sanitation, Inc., 19 Cal.App.3d 734, 97 Cal.Rptr. 52; Delgado v. W. C. Garcia & Associates, 212 Cal.App.2d 5, 27 Cal.Rptr. 613); erecting and crossgirding 30-foot steel columns for a water tower without safety equipment to keep plaintiff from falling off tower (Stilson v. Moulton-Niguel Water Dist., 21 Cal.App.3d 928, 98 Cal.Rptr. 914.
In all of the cases which have imposed a vicarious liability under section 416, there is a direct causal relationship between a peculiar risk inherent in the work to be performed and the plaintiff's injuries. It is the foreseeability of that special risk which justifies the imposition of liability. (See Addison v. Eagle Lake Lumber Co., 47 Cal.App.3d 394, 402-403, 120 Cal.Rptr. 737; Rest.2d Torts, s 416, com. e.)
On the other hand, where the injury is caused by a risk apart from the work itself, such as a defect in the equipment furnished by the contractor, the employer is not vicariously liable. For example, in McDonald v. Shell Oil Co., 44 Cal.2d 785, 285 P.2d 902, a nonsuit was upheld in an action against an oil company for injury sustained by an employee of an independent contractor whom the oil company had hired to recover well casing. Plaintiff's injury occurred while working with three other employees on a well-pulling rig. The rig consisted of a “cathead” which is a revolving spool, and a “catline” which is a piece of manila rope about an inch-and-a-half thick; the catline had a hook on one end and the other end was wrapped around the cathead. The cathead had no safety clamp or lock to stop the lowering or raising operation. Steel elevators weighing approximately 1,200 pounds were suspended on the catline about 24 feet in the air at the top of the drill pipe. The friction of the cathead caused the catline to burn and break and the suspended elevators fell on plaintiff, causing his injury.
The court held that an owner is not liable for injuries resulting from defective equipment used by the contractor unless the owner supplied the equipment or had the privilege of selecting it or the materials out of which it is made, or unless he exercised active control over the operations of the equipment. (McDonald v. Shell Oil Co., supra, 44 Cal.2d 785, at pp. 788-789, 285 P.2d 902)
In Hard v. Hollywood Turf Club, 112 Cal.App.2d 263, 246 P.2d 716, a workman was hurt when a defective scaffold supplied by his employer (subcontractor) collapsed. In denying recovery against the owner the court held there was nothing inherently dangerous in doing work on a high scaffold assuming the scaffold was safe; the workman was hurt only because the scaffold was defective and it had been made and supplied by the subcontractor and not by the owner.
Hypothesizing from these cases, if appellant's injuries had resulted from a dangerous condidtion of the land over which he had to drive his tractor, or from a condition of the earthfill operations in which he used his tractor (such as a steep grade, rocky terrain or a defect in the fill), causing appellant to be thrown from the tractor or causing the tractor to tip over, respondent woulde be vicariously liable for injuries suffered as a result of Young's failure to have seat belts or a rollbar on the tractor. The peculiar risk of such an incident happening during the course of moving dirt over the hazardous terrain would be foreseeable and would constitute a special risk in the work to be performed and to be guarded against. However, as appellant's injuries were caused solely by a defect in Young's equipment unrelated to any risk inherent in grading and surfacing the highway as a matter of law vicarious liability under section 416 does not arise. The nonsuit was properly granted as to the first cause of action.
SECOND CAUSE OF ACTION
Appellant's second cause of action is entitled, “Statutory Employer's Negligent Failure to Provide Safe Equipment and Safe Place of Employment.” Appellant refers to Labor Code section 6304 et seq.[FN1] and argues that Young and respondent were in joint control of the job-site, that respondent had the right, duty and power to control the details of Young's performance of the contract, that respondent negligently failed to provide a safe place of work in that appellant was permitted to work in close proximity to the unguarded driveshaft.
At trial, in resisting the nonsuit motion, appellant also relied on an alternate theory of agency as provided in section 414 of the Restatement Second Torts:
“One who entrusts work to an independent contractor, but who retains the control of any part of the work, is subject to liability for physical harm to others for whose safety the employer owes a duty to exercise reasonable care, which is cause by his failure to exercise his control with reasonable care.”
The rationale to section 414 is explained in comment a:
“If the employer of an independent contractor retains control over the operative detail of doing any part of the work, he is subject to liability for the negligence of the employees of the contractor engaged therein, under the rules of that part of the law Agency which deals with the relation of master and servant. The employer may, however, retain a control less than that which is necessary to subject him to liability as master. He may retain only the power to direct the order in which the work shall be done, or to forbid its being done in a manner likely to be dangerous to himself or others. Such a supervisory control may not subject him to liability under the principles of Agency, but he may be liable under the rule stated in this Section unless he exercises his supervisory control with reasonable care so as to prevent the work which he has ordered to be done from causing injury to others.” (Emphasis added.)
The essence of a negligence action is the existence of a duty of care toward others and a breach of that duty. “While the question whether one owes a duty to another must be decided on a case-by-case basis, every case is governed by the (general) rule . . . that all persons are required to use ordinary care to prevent others from being injured as the result of their conduct.” (Weirum v. RKO General, Inc., 15 Cal.3d 40, 46, 123 Cal.Rptr. 468, 471, 539 P.2d 36, 39; Hilyar v. Union Ice Co., 45 Cal.2d 30, 36, 286 P.2d 21.) Foreseeability of the risk is the primary consideration in establishing a duty of care. (Dillon v. Legg, 68 Cal.2d 728, 739, 69 Cal.Rptr. 72, 441 P.2d 912.) Thus, the question is whether appellant's evidence, viewed in a light most favorable to him, established facts from which the jury could have inferred a duty on the part of respondent to take reasonable precautions to prevent injury to appellant from the operation of the tractor.
Normally, the employer of independent contractor is under no obligation to inspect the contractor's equipment to see that it complies with safety regulations. (Kuntz v. Del E. Webb Constr. Co., 57 Cal.2d 100, 107, 18 Cal.Rptr. 527, 368 p.2d 127). Such a duty would place an onerous burden on the mployer and would emasculate the independent contractual relationship. Insofar as the employer is a public entity this policy is reflected in the immunity provisions of Government Code sections 818.6 and 821.4 which provide that neither a public entity nor a public employee is liable for injury caused by a failure to make an inspection or be reason of making an inadequate or negligent inspection of any property other than the property of the public entity for the purpose of determining whether the property complies with or violates any enactment or constitutes a hazard to health or safety. Thus, proof of facts sufficient to raise an inference of an employer-public entity's constructive knowledge of the dangerous condition of its contractor's equipment based on the entity's failure to inspect the equipment is insufficient as a matter of law to establish any liablility toward those who are injured while working about thee equipment.
However, appellant's evidence goes further. It is subject to the reasonable inference that respondent, through its engineers on the job, had actual knowledge of the dangerous condition of appellant's tractor. The chief resident engineer and his five assistants were constantly present of the job-site; they were familiar with Young's operations. Brownie Coleman testified he had talked with respondents's engineering staff about the exposed driveshafts on the tractor. There was evidence that the exposed driveshafts were visible to anyone working around the equipment. While this evidence was controverted it presented a factual question for the jury insofar as respondent's actual knowledge of the exposed driveshafts.[FN2]
The existence of a duty of care by an employer of an independent contractor towards his contractor's employees and others on the job requires an additional element: the retention of a certain degree of control by the employer over that part of the work which caused the injury. (Kuntz. v. Del E. Webb Constr. Co., supra, 57 Cal.2d 100, 107, 18 Cal.Rptr. 527, 368 P.2d 127; Woolen v. Aerojet General Corp., supra, 57 Cal.2d 407, 413, 20 Cal.Rptr. 12, 369 P.2d 708; Van Arsdale v. Hollinger, supra, 68 Cal.2d 245, 66 Cal.Rptr. 20, 437 P.2d 508; Widman v. Rossmoor Sanitation, Inc., supra, 19 Cal.App.3d 734, 97 Cal.Rptr. 52; see also Rest.2d Torts, s 414.)
In Van Arsdale v. Hollinger, supra, 68 Cal.2d 245, 66 Cal.Rptr. 20, 437 P.2d 508, where the plaintiff an emplouee of a paving contractor was injured while eradicating traffic lanes on a busy street in Los Angeles, the court held that whether the city was a statutory employer was a question of fact for the jury because among other things the contract between the city and the paving contractor provided that the contractor should furnish fences, barriers and warning signs, as well as provide flagmen with red coats and flags and whatever other safeguards were necessary to prevent injury to the workmen. The contract stated that if the contractor failed to provide the safety equipment, the city could do so at the contractor's expense. The evidence further showed that a city inspector was present at all times to see that work was being performed according to the specifications, and the inspectors testified that they understood they could tell the contractor to correct any dangerous condition due to a lack of barricades. Apart from this, the inspector testified he had no right to tell and did not tell the contractor's employees “how to do things.” After reaffirming the rule that the mere right to see that work is satisfactorily done does not impose a duty to see that the contractor complies with applicable safety regulations, the court held that, because of the evidence of some control over the activities of the contractor insofar as safety to others was concerned, it became a question of fact as to whether the city was a statutory employer within the Labor Code.
In Stilson v. Moulton-Niguel Water Dist., supra, 21 Cal.App.3d 928, 98 Cal.Rptr. 914, the plaintiff was injured in a fall from a 30-foot steel column on which he was working. Plaintiff, an employee of the subcontractor, sued the water district as a general employer. The plaintiff's motion for a directed verdict against the district was granted based in part on an agency theory. The district had entered into a construction contract with the plaintiff's employer. The contract contained terms giving the district engineer virtually the identical powers of control over the subcontractor's work as respondent had over Young's work pursuant to the freeway construction contract. (21 Cal.App.3d at pp. 934-935, 98 Cal.Rptr. 914.) The district argued on appeal that the contract granted the district engineer only a general supervisory power over the work performed by the subcontractor. The reviewing court concluded that while the contract terms could not be said to create an agency as a matter of law, a question of fact for the jury did exist.
In the present case, respondent's contract with Young provided that respondent's chief resident engineer would decide all questions as to the acceptability of the work performed and the acceptability of the manner of performance of the work. The engineer was authorized to give orders and directions to the contractor's foreman in the absence of the contractor. The engineer had the authority to order the contractor to remove or discontinue the use of “unsuitable” equipment; the engineer could order incompetent employees to be discharged, and the contract expressly provided that all state safety provisions were to be complied with. From the terms of the contract, a reasonable inference can be drawn that respondent, through its chief engineer, had the right to order unsafe equipment removed from the job. Assuming such a degree of control, it is unimportant that the accident occurred in the borrow pit 500 yards off of respondent's premised. If the tractor had been ordered off the job until the driveshaft was covered plaintiff would not have been injured; thus, it reasonably may be inferred that respondent's failure to exercise its duty of care was a proximate cause of plaintiff's injury even though the accident occurred off the premises owned by respondent.
We find no public policy which would proscribe a public entity's duty to exercise reasonable care to prevent injury to those working about its contractor's equipment when the entity has actual knowledge of the unsafe condition of the equipment and has the power, i. e., the right, to order the equipment removed from the job. In this situation the social justification for imposing a duty on the employer-entity to see that the danger is eliminated far outweighs any reasons against imposition of liability.
We emphasize that a duty of care can be imposed on the public entity with respect to the safety of the equipment furnished by his contractor only upon proof of actual knowledge of the dangerous condition of the equipment. (Cf. Gov.Code, ss 818.6, 821.4.) A finding of such knowledge cannot be based on specualtion or conjecture; it can be inferred from the circumstances only if in light of the evidence the employer “must have known” and not “should have known” of the dangerous condition. On the other hand, a defendant's actual knowledge may be shown by circumstantial as well as direct evidence; hence, his denial of such knowledge will not, per se. prevent liability. (See Uccello v. Laundenslayer, 44 Cal.App.3d 504, 514, fn. 4, 118 Cal.Rptr. 741.)
We hold that appellant's proof presented a jury question as to whether respondent was a statutory employer under the Labor Code as well as whether respondent was negligent under the general tort law articulated in section 414 of the Restatement Second of Torts. It was error to grant the nonsuit as to the second cause of action.
THIRD CAUSE OF ACTION
In his third cause of action appellant alleged that respondent negligently selected and retained Young as contractor in that Young's equipment in general and the Caterpillar 630 tractor in particular was in an unsafe condition and respondent knew or, in the exercise of reasonable care, should have known this to be true. Appellant chose not to amend his complaint; therefore it must be assumed on appeal that whatever facts he might have proved in support of the action were alleged in the complaining. (Irwin v. City of Manhattan Beach (1966) 65 Cal.2d 13, 24-25, 51 Cal.Rptr. 881, 415 P.2d 769; O'Hara v. L. A. County Flood etc. Dist. (1941) 19 Cal.2d 61, 64, 119 P.2d 23.
Government Code section 815 provides in pertinent part that, except as provided by statute, a public entity is not liable for an injury arising out of an act or omission of the entity or a public employee or any other person. Statutory authority for entity liability is found in section 815.2, subdivision (a) which provides that public entity is liable for injury proximately caused by an act or omission of the employee of the entity within the scope of his employment if the act or omission would have given rise to a cause of action against that employee. Section 820 subdivision (a) provides that, except as otherwise provided by statute, a public employee is liable for injury caused by his act or omission to the same extent as a private person.
A cause of action lies in tort for the negligent selection of an independent contractor. (See Rest.2d Torts, s 411; Risley v. Lenwell (1954) 129 Cal.App.2d 608, 622-625, 277 P.2d 897; 4 Witkin, Summary of Cal.Law (8th Ed.) Torts, s 658 p. 2938.) Moreover, an agent or employee is always liable for his own torts irrespective of whether the principal is liable and regardless of whether the agent acts according to his principal's directions. (Civ.Code, s 2343(3); see 1 Witkin, Summary of Cal.Law (8th ed.) Agency and Employer, s 186, pp. 781-782.) Therefore, the negligent selection or retention of the general contractor in this case would give a cause of action against the public employee involved, thereby bringing the cause of action within the scope of section 815.2, subdivision (a).
However, section 815.2, subdivision (b) provides that, except as otherwise provided by statute, a public entity is not liable for an injury resulting from an act or omission of its employee where the employee is immune from liability.
Government Code section 820.2 provides in pertinent part:
“. . . a public employee is not liable for an injury resulting from his act or omission where the act or omission was the result of the exercise of the discretion vested in him, whether or not such discretion be abused.”
Johnson v. State of California (1968) 69 Cal.2d 782, 73 Cal.Rptr. 240, 447 P.2d 352, holds that immune discretionary acts by public employees as contrasted with unprotected ministerial acts are those which are at the “planning” level of decision-making or can be described as basic policy decisions. Negligence occurring at the “operational-level of decision-making is not immune. (69 Cal.2d pp. 793-794, 73 Cal.Rptr. 240, 447 P.2d 352.) It would appear, therefore, that the decision of a state employee to hire a contractor known to be negligent or incompetent would be a ministerial, and not a policy-making decision.[FN3]
However, we need not decide this question at this time. Johnson v. State of California, supra, also holds that to avail itself of the discretionary immunity provided by section 820.2 the public entity must prove that the employee, in deciding to perform the act that led to plaintiff's injury, consciously exercised discretion in the sense of assuming certain risks in order to gain other policy objectives. “. . ., to be entitled to immunity the state must make a showing that such a policy decision, consciously balancing risks and advantages, took place. The fact that an employee normally engages in ‘discretionary activity’ is irrelevant if, in a given case, the employee did not render a considered decision.” (69 Cal.App.2d at pp. 794-795, fn. 8, 73 Cal.Rptr. at pp. 249, 447 P.2d at p. 361.) This language is cited in Elton v. County of Orange (1970) 3 Cal.App.3d 1053 at page 1058, 84 Cal.Rptr. 27 as authority for the proposition that a public entity's showing of discretionary immunity under section 820.2 cannot be ruled on at the demurrer stage.
It was error to sustain the general demurrer to the third cause of action.
The judgment of nonsuit on the first cause of action is affirmed; the judgment of nonsuit on the second cause of action is reversed; and the judgment of dismissal of the third cause of action for failure to state a cause of action is reversed.
Appellant is awarded his costs on appeal.
1. Labor Code sections 6304, 6400 and 6401 require an employer to provide a reasonably safe place of employment and to furnish safety devices, safeguards or other means of protection reasonably adequate to insure safety. Labor Code section 6304, in effect at the time of the injury, defined “employer” as including every person having direction, management, control or custody of any employment, place of employment or any employee. Section 6304 was amended effective Apr. 1, 1972, to delete and the language referring to persons in control to restore the ordinary definition of employer as contained in Labor Code section 3300.
2. By the term “actual knowledge” we mean notice of facts which would cause a reasonable employer to foresee injury to others if he failed to exercise his retained powers to compel the contractor to use safe equipment. Although the employer is under no affirmative duty to inspect his contractor's equipment (Kuntz v. Del E. Webb Constr. Co., supra, 57 Cal.2d 100, 107, 18 Cal.Rptr. 527, 368 P.2d 127), if he is told by others that the equipment is dangerous he has actual notice of facts which would cause a reasonable employer to investigate further.
3. Appellant's cause of action for negligent selection and retention of Young should be limited to respondent's actual knowledge of the dangerous condition of Young's equipment. To hold otherwise would abrogate section 818.6 of the Government Code by allowing the failure to inspect property for safety hazards to be actionable under the guise that the state “should have known” that the equipment was unsafe and, therefore, negligently hired the contractor. As appellant has pleaded that respondent knew that Young's equipment was in an unsafe condition, the cause of action does not contravene section 818.6.
FRANSON, Associate Justice.
GARGANO, Acting P. J., and THOMPSON, J.,[FN*] concur.
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Historical Studies (Graduate)
Department Website
Master of Arts in Historical Studies
The Nebraska Wesleyan University’s historical studies program is designed to allow K-12 teachers to expand their content knowledge in American history. Historical studies aims to help teachers improve the classroom performance of their students through an intensive curriculum of courses examining particular content areas relevant to K-12 classrooms.
HIST 501 Fundamentals of American History I (3 hours)
An intensive study of the origins and the development of what is now the United States from 1450 to 1865/1877. Learning with the primary documents and historical scholarship is emphasized. The course is designed to develop knowledge needed for successful teaching of U.S. history in the schools and emphasizes the National History Standards.
Prerequisite(s): Baccalaureate degree and teaching experience, or permission of the instructor.
HIST 502 Fundamentals of American History II (3 hours)
An intensive study of the origins and the development of what is now the United States from 1865/1877 to the present. Learning with primary documents and historical scholarship is emphasized. The course is designed to develop knowledge needed for successful teaching of U.S. history in the schools and emphasizes the National History Standards.
Prerequisite(s): Baccalaureate degree, teaching experience, HIST 501 Fundamentals of American History I or permission of the instructor.
HIST 503 Comparing Colonial American Frontiers (3 hours)
An examination of the interaction between native cultures and the interlopers, or colonial powers, from Spain, France, and Russia. Students will examine precontact tribal societies in the Americas, precontact colonial powers and motivations for expansion, legal issues, contact and reactions, developing relations and power structures, issues of sovereignty and dominance, religion and religious conversion, shifting or resilience of social structures, economic development of the colonial powers, miscegenation, and long-term interaction.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 501 Fundamentals of American History I.
HIST 511 American Indian History (3 hours)
This seminar will focus on North America's indigenous history up till 1890. Topics and readings will span the continent, incorporate Native relationships with a number of Euro-American empires, and cover chronology from pre-contact to the end of the 19th century. The history of North America's indigenous inhabitants is a complex network of thousands of distinct and unique peoples. Thus, we will attempt to simultaneously represent the diversity in Native history and identify general themes of Native experience.
HIST 512 Native American History (3 hours)
Course description coming soon.
HIST 514 The American Revolution and Early Republic (3 hours)
This course covers the period of the American Revolution and early republic, from roughly 1763 to 1830. During this era, among the most significant in U.S. history, Americans won their independence, wrote a Constitution, established a working government, expanded westward, and created a national economy. While the Revolution created the United States, by itself it guaranteed neither the success nor the precise character of that new nation. It was during the early years of the republic that Americans, in their daily lives and in their continuing arguments with each other, forged the real meaning of their Revolution. In so doing, they established the foundation of the modern United States. That process of creation is our subject this semester.
HIST 515 U.S. Civil War and Reconstruction (3 hours)
An examination of the causes, conduct and outcome of the Civil War in the United States. The course will explore various topics related to the war including its causes, military operations, technology, foreign relations and the political, social and economic tensions within the Union and Confederacy and will conclude with a study of the political, constitutional and social consequences of the Reconstruction period.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 501 Fundamentals of American History I and HIST 502 Fundamentals of American History II.
HIST 518 The U.S. in the Era of World Wars (3 hours)
This course examines the United States from the close of the Great War through the conclusion of World War II, an era of sweeping changes that in significant ways represents the maturation of both modern America and the modern world. The changes associated with this shift toward modernity were often painful and convulsive for the American nation and yielded new political, economic, social and cultural realities that continue to shape our contemporary era. The culmination of this period was the onset of a war of such scale as to eclipse all others in the history of humanity. This course will focus on creating a cohesive narrative that can do justice to an era made up of so many disparate trends, events and developments.
HIST 520 Recent American History, 1945-present (3 hours)
Examination of the United States since 1945. Major topics include: The Cold War and its aftermath, the American war in Vietnam, the collapse of Great Society liberalism, the emergence of the new conservatism, the struggle for minority rights, second-wave feminism, the rise of identity politics, the Reagan presidency, the role of media in the so-called Information Age and the post-9/11 American wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Special attention is paid to placing recent events and trends in a larger historical context.
HIST 521 History Strategies I (3 hours)
A hands-on, interactive course that focuses on the historical content and methods teachers need to understand to teach social studies and motivate students to think historically. The course will utilize a textbook as well as primary documents. Teachers will learn how to apply historical thinking to the classroom, assess student learning, and adjust curriculum for special needs of students.
Pass/Fail only.
HIST 522 History Strategies II (3 hours)
An advanced, hands-on, interactive course that continues the focus begun in History Alive I on the historical content and methods teachers need to understand to teach social studies and motivate students to think historically. The course will utilize a textbook as well as primary documents. Teachers will learn how to apply historical thinking to the classroom, assess student learning, and adjust curriculum for special needs of students.
Prerequisite(s): Baccalaureate degree and HIST 521 History Strategies I, or permission of the instructor.
HIST 523 History and Place (3 hours)
This course will allow students to visit places that interpret history (memorials, monuments, museums and historical sites) as a means to discuss how history is presented at those places. Todays teachers increasingly have access to interpretative materials in the classroom, through both field trips and virtual technology, but are not always adequately trained to critically analyze the accuracy of facts and interpretations presented. By choosing a particular topic or place (variable depending on the semester) as the theme, this course will allow teachers to examine and criticize how history is interpreted at particular historic sites, memorials and museums. The theme for a particular semester might be historic places in and around Lincoln or a remote location. Through participation in this course, students will: 1) Engage in research regarding historic places prior to visiting those places, thereby developing research skills that can be applied in their own teaching, 2) Recognize how interpretative sites frame and contextualize historical events, and 3) Create teaching modules that can accurately use place to teach history.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 501 Fundamentals of American History I and HIST 502 Fundamentals of American History II, or permission of the instructor.
HIST 525 Thinking Like A Historian (3 hours)
HIST 526 Reading Like a Historian (3 hours)
This course will examine strategies aimed at helping students read for deeper historical understanding. Building on the skills of Historical Thinking we continue to employ, we will develop strategies aimed at helping students read for deeper meaning and create curricular tools to apply these strategies. Members of the class will leave with an improved understanding of the impact that close reading plays on historical thinking. We also will develop ready-to-use teaching modules for the next school year.
HIST 550 Nebraska Institute for the Study of US History (3 hours)
An exploration of the resources and methods available to teachers for teaching American history through the history of Nebraska and meeting the Nebraska State Social Studies Standards requiring the use of Nebraska and regional examples in the teaching of social studies. The course examines the uses of artifacts, documents and place as appropriate means for engaging students in a hands-on approach to learning about United States history, Nebraska and the Great Plains. Utilizing the expertise of scholars from various disciplines including History, Literature, Political Science, Folk Culture, and Geography, as well as the resources of the Nebraska State Historical Society and Museum and historic sites within driving distance, the course provides the opportunity for teachers to learn more of the history of Nebraska and the United States, and to experience and experiment with resources and techniques for developing effective lesson plans.
Prerequisite(s): Baccalaureate degree and certification to teach in History, Political Science, or Social Studies Education.
HIST 558 American Dilemmas (3 hours)
Between 1877 and 1929 more and more Americans left the world of small farms and shops that, to cite an example, Abraham Lincoln knew on the Illinois prairie of his boyhood, and lurched toward becoming a modern nation characterized by heavy industrialization, rapid urbanization and large-scale immigration. This course is about those changes and their legacies. Specifically, we will look at political, social and cultural debates that accompanied the emergence of modern America and that remain matters of controversy today. This will include:immigration, the rise of modern corporations and attendant income inequality, urban life and movements for reform, reactionary movements opposing or attempting to negotiate the modern world (i.e. the Ku Klux Klan of the 1920's, the emergence of Christian Fundamentalism), and shifting gender roles in a modern society. a
HIST 559 The Evolution of Civil Liberties in the United States (3 hours)
This course engages participants with historical episodes in Nebraska dealing with civil liberties, civil rights, and social justice. Students will use documents, objects, place, and the wisdom of elders to explore the relationships between Nebraska, the United States, and its Constitution.
HIST 561 U.S. Constitutional History (3 hours)
An intensive study of the origins and development of key principles and practices of constitutional democracy in the United States. Teaching with core texts and primary documents is emphasized. A substantial amount of each class session will involve class discussion focusing on United States Supreme Court decisions assigned by the instructor. The course will examine the origins of the U.S. Constitution, its development since 1787, its stature as the "supreme law of the land," the meaning of the separation of powers inherent in the U.S. federal system, how the Supreme Court became the "final arbiter" of constitutional meaning, the manner in which constitutional issues are presented to the courts for adjudication and the juridical techniques used by the courts to decide issues.
HIST 562 American Creeds: The Idea of an American Nation (3 hours)
This course examines what one scholar has called "the story of American freedom." We will explore the different ways that the concept of freedom has been defined and contested by different people or groups in the American past and will attempt to improve our understanding of the political ideas and ideologies that have shaped the way Americans have understood themselves and their national enterprise. In exploring these topics, we will gain a better understanding of whether the ideological assumptions that continue to shape American political culture actually make the United States exceptional.
HIST 563 Shifting Power on the Plains (3 hours)
This course examines the Great Plains emphasizing the historical moments in which various human groups sought to stake their claim to its abundances and avoid its harsh scarcities. In exploring this history we will pay special attention to the ways in which events in the region have been both reflections and shapers of larger trends in both the American and global experience.
Prerequisite(s): Baccalaureate degree and be teacher certified.
HIST 564 Nebraska History (3 hours)
This course will explore Nebraska from the time of its first inhabitants to the present. We will examine Indian activity, geography, agriculture, politics, business and social history. There will be some lecturing, but a strong emphasis on class discussion. There will also be videos and guest speakers.
HIST 565 Western Myth in American History (3 hours)
An examination of America's oldest and most characteristic myth-the western or frontier myth and four recurring myths that stem from it: American exceptionalism, heroic individualism, regeneration through violence, and inevitable American progress. Students will: 1) examine and evaluate these myths and the ideals that the United States claims to embody, 2) understand how these myths have influenced the history of the United States, 3) investigate the extent to which reality matches these myths, and 4) write reflectively, critically, and analytically.
HIST 566 America in the 1960s (3 hours)
This course examines perhaps the most contentious and divisive decade of the twentieth century. It begins with the confident liberal vision expressed in John F. Kennedy's inaugural speech that the United States would "pay any price" and "bear any burden" to halt the spread of communism abroad and promote reform at home. The course goes on to account for the fate of this liberal agenda in the face of internal contradictions and external challenges, including the civil rights movement and black power, the new left, the counterculture, the rebirth of feminism, the sexual revolution, and the Vietnam war. It ends by exploring the rise of a more conservative order at the decade's end, in response to both the emerging reality of limited national power and wealth, and rising demands for rights and opportunities.
HIST 567 Teaching American History Through Biography (3 hours)
This course will focus on ways biography can be used in the classroom, across disciplines and grades. The course is reading-intensive, but after an initial organizational meeting, students will only meet 3-4 times as small groups during the summer (meeting times will be selected based on availability posted to a Google Calendar), with two additional individual or small-group meetings with the instructor as they work on final projects (these may take place in Omaha). To begin the course, students will read several articles and examples to ground their thinking in what biography is and how it has been/can be used in the classroom. Students will critically read and discuss several examples from biographies/ autobiographies to hone their skills on the material. To conclude the course students will create a biography-based final project, which must include accurate biographical data, historical context, primary sources, a bibliography, and suggestions for use across the curriculum and for multiple grades.
HIST 570 The Civil Rights Movement in Modern America (3 hours)
An examination of the issue of civil rights for minorities in the twentieth century United States. This course will explore a variety of developments, issues, and trends related to the struggle for civil rights in the twentieth century. Students will: 1) understand the role that issues of race have played in concepts of the American nation and the rights and responsibilities of citizenships 2) examine and evaluate different concepts of race, ethnicity, gender and nation and how they have contributed to the evolution and formation of American society and the role of government 3) investigate the continued place of these issues in American life 4) write analytically and critically.
HIST 571 African American History (3 hours)
This course will start with the arrival of Africans to the New World in the 1600's and continue through to the present. Students will examine seven topics: Slavery, Civil War, Reconstruction, Jim Crow, Harlem Renaissance, World War II and Segregation. The class will end with an examination/evaluation of twenty-first century racial progress.
HIST 572 U.S. International Relations (3 hours)
This course is a graduate-level survey of U.S. international relations from the Revolutionary War period through contemporary U.S. involvement in Iraq, Afghanistan and the United Nations. Students will be introduced to the field of international relations, including its methodological debates, and discuss the history of U.S. relations with other cultures and nations, including diplomatic, military, economic and cultural encounters. Students will also be exposed to differing pedagogical approaches to teaching U.S. international relations in the classroom.
HIST 573 Immigration History (3 hours)
This course offers a comparative history of immigration to the United States from colonial times to the present. It explores changing causes and patterns of immigration, the development of nativism and immigration restrictions, and the impact of immigration on the life of the nation. Above all, it focuses on the effects of race, ethnicity, gender, class, religion, and region of settlement in shaping the experiences and identities of immigrants themselves. During the semester, participants will also examine and evaluate conflicting theories of immigration forwarded by historian and other scholars.
HIST 574 History of Technology (3 hours)
Since the creation of the United States, Americans have used technology in an attempt to improve lives – at least for some. This course will explore an understanding of the nature, development, and role of technology and analyze its significance in American society. We will look at the role of technological change in society and how innovations, as part of technological systems, affected society and culture, restructuring economic and political life and realigning values. This is a social and cultural history of technology rather than a history of artifacts – people’s interaction with technology is essential to this course.
HIST 575 American Voices (3 hours)
This course explores the ways we use primary accounts to make claims of historical truth. Together we will read a variety of documents - some considered foundational to the formation of an American national identity - and interrogate the liimits and possibilities they hold for teaching American history. We will intend to develp both our own understanding of how to interpret documents and our ability to help students do the same.
HIST 576 Childhood In America (3 hours)
HIST 585 AP U.S. History Institute (3 hours)
A one-week institute designed by College Board and staffed by qualified historians trained and approved by College Board to prepare new AP teachers and teachers of advanced-level high school History courses to 1) select appropriate materials for AP and advanced level History courses, 2) determine appropriate course content, 3) raise student thinking skills to college level, 4) raise student reading and writing skills to advanced levels, 5) master teaching strategies suitable for advanced students, and 6) professionally assess student performance and progress.
HIST 589 Oral History Theory and Methods (3 hours)
An examination of the theory and practice of oral history and its relationship to the study of the past. Oral history is primary resource information created in an interview setting with a witness to or a participant in a historical event or way of life. Its purpose is to collect and preserve the person's first-hand information and make it available to others. The oral history course will cover the following: oral history and the study of history, oral history and memory, oral history as an interdisciplinary tool, planning and carrying out an oral history project, legal and ethical issues. The course will also provide students with hands-on experience with equipment, interviewing, and the processing and care of interview materials.
HIST 590 Selected Topics (1-3 hours)
A topical course designed to investigate any relevant subject matter not included in any of the standard courses. The title, content, and credit will be determined by the current mutual interests of students and faculty.
HIST 595 Independent Study (1-3 hours)
After consultation with the program director, a student may engage in a supervised independent study. Independent study may not duplicate courses described in the catalog.
HIST 599 Applied Project (3 hours)
The Applied Project is the culminating project for the Master of Historical Studies degree. The project may take the form of a thesis, curriculum development project, or a resource development project which will build on the coursework that comprised their program. Students will meet with the MAHS program director after completing the three core courses in the MAHS program: HIST 501 Fundamentals of American History I, HIST 502 Fundamentals of American History II, and HIST 550 Nebraska Institute for the Study of US History and propose a program of courses to meet the degree requirements as well as a project. At that time a three member committee (two plus the program director) will be assigned to approve the initial project proposal. The director of the program will provide the ongoing supervision of the student's work with support from the other members of the committee members when and where necessary. The project director will approve the completed project and assign the final grade.
Prerequisite(s): HIST 501 Fundamentals of American History I, HIST 502 Fundamentals of American History II and HIST 550 Nebraska Institute for the Study of US History.
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You are here: Home1 / Peter Oborne journalist
Peter Oborne, Journalist
Profile by Bridget Osborne
April 2017 (Updated September 2019)
“I became a journalist because I was so unsuccessful at everything else.”
I suspect he wasn’t as bad at it as he makes out, but for whatever reason, Peter Oborne didn’t flourish as a financier. Having been educated at Sherborne School and read History at Christ’s College, Cambridge, he landed a job at NM Rothschild’s corporate finance division in 1981 and stuck it out for three years. “I was hopeless at it” he says. Not a complete disaster though, as he met his wife Martine, now vicar of St Michael’s Church Elmwood Rd., Chiswick, then a high flier in the City. They are still together (an achievement in itself) and now have five children. He also picked up some skills useful to a journalist; he understands how money works and is not afraid of financial spreadsheets or mystified by the City’s arcane vocabulary.
Aware though that he had zero experience or training as a journalist, he decided to go and live with a striking miner’s family for a week during the 1984 miner’s strike and write about it. The article got him work at a magazine called Financial Weekly (now defunct). “As a financial journalist I became very capable very quickly” he says, which got him hired by the Evening Standard. His big break came when owner of the Mirror newspaper Robert Maxwell died: “I had splashes every day for three or four days.”
“What saved me was my ability to write an Op-Ed piece”
Once he’d experienced the glory of having the main story on the front page there was no stopping him. Then editor Paul Dacre asked him to go over to the political desk, where Peter admits to having been out of his depth, especially when the incumbent political editor had a heart attack, leaving him as acting political editor. “What saved me was my ability to write an Op-Ed piece” he says. He doesn’t consider himself to be a very good news journalist. The lack of shorthand and the basic grounding in funerals and flower shows, chasing fire engines and court reporting, left him at a bit of a disadvantage in covering breaking news, but if a statesman died he was in his element. “I could turn in 1100 beautiful words for a page 8 Op Ed in 50 minutes”. (Imagine trying to do that now without the benefit of Google!)
I think it’s fair to say he’s compensated. He’s had more scoops and splashes than most journalists have had hot breakfasts. He broke the story that John Major was talking to the IRA, at a time when talking to terrorists was supposed to be unthinkable. His career took off in all directions – newspapers, books, television – in and around core jobs as political columnist for the Daily Mail and the Daily Telegraph and associate editor of the Spectator.
Leaving the Telegraph
He was himself in the limelight in 2015 when he resigned from the Telegraph. He took issue with the way the paper was conducting its relationship between the editorial and commercial arms. Specifically, Oborne outlined how the paper downplayed negative stories about HSBC bank, a major source of their advertising revenue. In his opinion that compromised the journalistic integrity of the paper, which he called a “form of fraud on its readers”. Since then he has written for the Daily Mail and the Guardian and he takes himself off to places like Yemen and Syria, working on stories he wants to tell. I asked him how he did it, given that these are regions where even the most experienced and successful journalists on the ground struggle to get their stories aired. He said his income from his years at the Telegraph had given him the financial independence to go where he likes and sell the story afterwards. As a result, he has total independence and often writes about injustice ignored by the mainstream press – stories about British Muslims or Palestinians for example.
When asked about the journalism he’s most proud of, he goes to television. He’s made three trips to Iraq reporting on the Iraq war, undercover trips to Zimbabwe at the height of Mugabe’s murderous regime and a succession of programmes for Channel 4’s Dispatches. Among the best he counts the 2011 programme: ‘Inside Britain’s Israel lobby’ which showed how the Israeli lobby bankrolled politicians and influenced policy. “One Tory MP privately taunted me to make a film about the pro-Israeli lobby. He said: ‘You don’t have the guts. They’re the biggest lobby in Westminster and it’s a big story’.” Another of his favourites is ‘It Shouldn’t Happen to a Muslim’, a Dispatches documentary investigating the impact of the 7/7 bombings on the lives of British Muslims.
Opinionated and ebullient
The thing about columnists is that they have a view on everything. Whether it’s natural confidence which begets the arrogance to think you should write a column or whether writing a column forces you to have strident views on everything, I’m not sure. But Peter is certainly not backward about coming forward. He pops up all over the place, at conferences, on Question Time and he outlines his views as he pursues stories, with passion and ebullience.
How is he so certain of his opinions? On what does he base his views? The answer is many years of talking to powerful people, decision makers, either off the record in the bars and corridors of Westminster and on the fringes of high level meetings, or on the record in set piece interviews. Not just that but time spent in Iraq, Syria, Yemen, seeing at first hand the havoc wrought by Western policies. That and hours and hours of meticulous research following money trails, emails, bank accounts, documents and amassing evidence from witnesses to important decisions, which uncover how power is exercised. That said, during 2019 he ate humble pie very publicly for changing his mind about Brexit.
The Chiswick Calendar Events
Peter Oborne took part in The Chiswick Calendar’s first Media Club event: ‘Do ‘journalists’ still do real journalism?’ and often takes part in our discussions on politics and world affairs. Read more about The Chiswick Calendar’s Media Club here.
He chaired The Chiswick Calendar’s 2019 general election debate between Brentford & Isleworth constituency candidates Ruth Cadbury (Labour), Helen Cross (Lib Dem) and Seena Shah (Conservative), which you can see here.
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Research Article: Prevalence, risk factors and molecular characterization of Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnant women from Córdoba, Argentina: A prospective study
Date Published: May 31, 2019
Publisher: Public Library of Science
Author(s): Ana Ximena Kiguen, Marcela Marramá, Susana Ruiz, Patricia Estofan, Raúl Fernando Venezuela, Jessica Paola Mosmann, Marina Soledad Monetti, Virginia Rivero, Cecilia Gabriela Cuffini, Guangming Zhong.
Chlamydia trachomatis causes the most prevalent bacterial Sexual Transmitted Infection. In pregnant women, untreated chlamydial infections are associated with abortions, premature rupture of membranes, postpartum endometritis, low birth weight and transmission to the newborn. In Córdoba, Argentina, there is little knowledge about the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in women in their third trimester of pregnancy, so, the aim of this study was to evaluate Chlamydia trachomatis prevalence and genotypes present in Cordovan pregnant women with different age and socioeconomic status.
Design: prospective study.
A prevalence of 6.9% (35/509) for Chlamydia trachomatis infection was detected, with 32/295 and 3/214 from pregnant women with low or better economic resources respectively (p = 0,0001). Results showed a significantly increased rate of 11.6% (30/258) in women under 25 years compared with 2% (5/251) in patients over that age (p = 0,00003). Genotype E was the most prevalent.
With these results, we can say that pregnant women under 25 years old and low economic resources are one of the populations in which the screening programs of Chlamydia trachomatis should focus.
Partial Text
Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is an obligate intracellular Gram negative bacterium causing the most prevalent bacterial Sexual Transmitted Infection (STI) throughout the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that annually some 357 million people get one STI include: chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis or trichomoniasis [1]. According to ompA gene molecular differences, C. trachomatis could be divided into different genotypes that are responsible for various diseases: genotypes A, B, Ba and C causing trachoma; genotypes D, Da, E, F, G, H, I, Ia, J and K responsible for urogenital infections in adults and respiratory and conjunctival infections in neonates and genotypes L1, L2, L2a and L3 causing Lymphogranuloma venereum [2, 3]. The most important characteristic of C. trachomatis is the ability to produce acute complications and long-term sequelae in upper genital tract, thus affecting the reproductive health.
We studied patients from 14 to 43 years of age with a median of 25 years. From 509 samples analyzed in the present work, 35 were positive for C. trachomatis DNA, revealing a total prevalence of 6.9% in the pregnant population included in our study.
In our knowledge this is the first report of C. trachomatis prevalence in women in their third trimester of pregnancy from Cordoba, Argentina. According to published studies, the prevalence of this bacterium differs greatly around the world, with values between 0.1% and 25.7% depending on the particular characteristics of the pregnant population and the methodology used in the study [20, 21]. In Latin America, there are a few studies regarding C. trachomatis prevalence in pregnant women and values reported are 5.9%, 10% and 11% for pregnant women from Chile, Peru and Brazil respectively [22, 12, 23]. In the present study we found a prevalence of 6.9%, which is within the range expected for the region. Highest percentages of positivity were found in women between 21 to 25 years and with limited financial resources. Young women are a vulnerable group of the population with regard to sexually transmitted diseases. This is thought to be because of the relative immaturity of the genital tract, making it prone to both trauma and infection, particularly in the developing transformation zone of the cervix [6–7].
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The State Health Department Organizational Self-Assessment for Achieving Health Equity provides public health leaders with tools and guidance to identify skills, organizational practices, and infrastructure necessary to achieve health equity.
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A New Way to Talk About the Social Determinants of Health
Brennan Ramirez LK, Baker Ea, & Metzler M. (2008). Promoting health equity: A resource to help communities address social determinants of health. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dach/chhep/pdf/SDOHworkbook.pdf
Colorado Department of Public Health. (2010) Information Packet and Fact Sheet. CoPrevent [website]. Available at: https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B6U2flh3_SJLaUVaWFFMMWlSM2lpVy1weGlINHZVdw/edit?pli=1
Phelan JC, Link BG & Tehranifar P. (2010). Social Conditions as Fundamental Causes of Health Inequalities: Theory, Evidence, and Policy Implications. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 51(S):S28-S40. DOI:10.1177/0022146510383498. Available at: http://hsb.sagepub.com/content/51/1_suppl/S28.full.pdf
Ethnicity/Race
Hummer RA & Chinn JJ. (2011). Race/Ethnicity and U.S. Adult Mortality: Progress, Prospects, and New Analyses. Du Bois Review, 8(1): 5-24. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3116787/?tool=pubmed
Kawachi I, Daniels N & Robinson DE. (2005). Health Disparities by Race and Class: Why Both Matter. Health Affairs, 24(2): 343-352. DOI:10.1377.hlthaff.24.2.343. Available at: http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/24/2/343.full
Levine RS, Foster JE, Fullilove RE, Fullilove MT, Briggs NC, et al. (2001). Black-White Inequalities in Mortality and Life Expectancy, 1933-1999: Implications for Healthy People 2010. Public Health Reports, September-October2001, 116:474-483. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1497364/
Satcher D, Fryer Jr. GE, McCann J, Troutman A, Woolf SH, & Rust G. (2005). What if We Were Equal? A Comparison of the Black-White Mortality Gap in 1960 and 2000. Health Affairs, 24(2):459-464. DOI:10.1377/hlthaff.24.2.459. Available at: http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/24/2/459.full
Gender/Sexuality
Corliss HL, Shankle MD, Moyer MB. Research, curricula, and resources related to lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender health in US schools of public health. Am J Public Health. 2007 Jun; 97(6):1023-7. Epub 2007 Apr 26. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1874199/?tool=pubmed
Socioeconomic Status
Allegretto SA. (2011) The State of Working America’s Wealth, 2011: Through volatility and turmoil, the gap widens. Economic Policy Institute: State of Working America. Briefing Paper #292, March 23, 2011. Available at: http://www.epi.org/publication/the_state_of_working_americas_wealth_2011/
Braveman P, Cubbin C, Egerter S, Williams DR & Pamuk E. (2010). Socioeconomic Disparities in Health in the United States: What the Patterns Tell Us. American Journal of Public Health, 100(S1):S186-S196. DOI:10.2105/AJPH.2009.166082. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2837459/
Lantz PM, Golberstein E, House JS & Morenoff J. (2010). Socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors for mortality in a national 19-year prospective study of U.S. adults. Social Science & Medicine, 70:1558-1566. DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.02.003. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3337768/
Lantz PM & Pritchard A. (2010). Socioeconomic indicators that matter for population health. Preventing Chronic Disease, 7(4): 1-7. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2010/jul/09_0246.htm
Hillemeier, Marianne, Lynch, John, Harper, Sam, Casper, Michelle. Data Set Directory of Social Determinants of Health at the Local Level. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/data_set_directory.htm
Health Equity Leadership & Exchange Network (HELEN) provides frequent updates on health equity-related policies, laws and programs through The HELEN Monitor. http://healthequitynetwork.org/library/view/the-helen-monitor-vol.-9/
What is a Health Disparity?
Bridging Domains in Efforts to Reduce Disparities in Health and Health Care
How Can Practice-based Research Contribute to the Elimination of Health Disparities?
Using Community-Based Participatory Research to Address Health Disparities
Institute for Alternative Futures. The DRA Project: Using Healthy Eating and Active Living Initiatives to Reduce Health Disparities– February 2008 Report 08-01. 2008; 1-22.
Carter-Pokras O, Baquet C. What is a “Health Disparity”?. Public Health Reports. 2002; Vol.117: 426-434. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1497467/
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011). CDC Health Disparities and Inequalities Report – United States, 2011. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. January 14, 2011, 60(Supplement):1-116. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/other/su6001.pdf
Danaher A. (2011). Reducing Disparities and Improving Population Health: The role of a vibrant community sector. Toronto: On. The Wellesley Institute. Available at: http://www.wellesleyinstitute.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Reducing-Disparities-and-Improving-Population-Health.pdf
James SA. (2009). Epidemiologic Research on Health Disparities: Some Thoughts on History and Current Developments. Epidemiologic Reviews, 31:1-6. DOI:10.1093/epirev/mxp010. Available at: http://epirev.oxfordjournals.org/content/31/1/1.full
Thomas, Stephen B., Quinn, Sandra Crouse. (2008). Poverty and Elimination of Urban Health Disparities: Challenges and Opportunities. Annals of NY Academy Sciences 1136: 111–125. Available at: http://minority-health.pitt.edu/1022/1/Poverty_and_Elimination_of_Urban_Health.pdf
SDOH Fact Sheet
Baum FE, Bégin M, Houweling TAJ, Taylor S. (2009). Changes not for the fainthearted: Reorienting health care systems toward health equity through action on the social determinants of health. American Journal of Public Health, 99(11): 1967-1974. Available at: http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/full/10.2105/AJPH.2008.154856
Burris S. (2011). Law in a Social Determinants Strategy: A Public Health Law Research Perspective. Public Health Reports, 126(S3):22-27. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3150125/
Hillemeier M, Lynch J, Harper S, Casper M. Data Set Directory of Social Determinants of Health at the Local Level. Atlanta: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; 2004. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/docs/data_set_directory.pdf
Syme, SL. (2004). Social determinants of health: the community as empowered partner. Preventing Chronic Disease, 1(1):1-5. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC544525/pdf/PCD1A02.pdf
World Health Organization. Latest Publications on Commission on Social Determinants of Health. Available at: http://www.who.int/social_determinants/resources/latest_publications/en/index.html
Advocacy/Education
Advocacy Fact Sheet
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. (2010). A new way to talk about the social determinants of health. New York: NY. Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Available at: http://www.rwjf.org/vulnerablepopulations/product.jsp?id=66428
United States Department of Health and Human Service. National Action Plan to Improve Health Literacy Available at: http://www.health.gov/communication/hlactionplan/pdf/Health_Literacy_Action_Plan.pdf
Pertillar, Tiffany; Pobutsky, PhD, Ann; Brandt, EdD, MPH, Gail; New, OTR, MPH, Marisa; Delavan, BA, JamieLou; Taylor, MBA, Robyn; Shah, MPA, MA, Amishi; Adunola, DDS, MPH, Folasaya; and Nweke, Onyemaechi (2016) “An Assessment of Funding and Other Capacity Needs for Health Equity Programming Within State-Level Chronic Disease Programs,” Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice: Vol. 9 : Iss. 6, Article 7. Available at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/jhdrp/vol9/iss6/7
Cultural Competency Fact Sheet
LGBT 101
United States Department of Health Office of Minority Health, Think Cultural Health. Available at: https://www.thinkculturalhealth.hhs.gov/ United States Department of Health and Human Service. National Action Plan to Improve Health Literacy Available at: http://www.health.gov/communication/hlactionplan/pdf/Health_Literacy_Action_Plan.pdf
Cultural Competency Recommendations
Recommendations to the NACDD Board to insure an association that is culturally competent
Food Deserts to Food Oases
Community Action Guide
Unnatural Causes Toolkit
Health Equity Model Language
The purpose of this document is to assist public health staff with model language to use in official documents. The statements help drive action toward policies that result in real changes in the social determinants of health.
Health Equity at Work
Skills assessment of public health staff – summary (without appendices)
Linking Health Equity to 10 Essential PH Services
Action ideas to achieve health Equity by linking to the 10 Essential Public Health Services
Health Equity Council Tools and HP2020
Document contains a crosswalk or Health Equity Council tools, HP2020 objectives and Community Transformation Grants (CTG) approaches.
High School Dropout as a PH Issue
The action guide provides recommendations on how public health staff can help reduce high school drop outs.
Neighborhood Segregation
Guide calling public health staff to action in recognizing neighborhood segregation as a public health concern and steps to prevention.
Promising Practices to reduce inEquity
10 Promising Practices to reduce social inequities in public health – high level interventions
Public Health Roles for Action to Reduce Health Inequities
SDOH Recommendations for Action
Recommendations for NACDD Board Action on the CDC Expert Panel on SDOH report
State Health Department Organizational Self-Assessment for Achieving Health Equity: Toolkit and Guide to Implementation
HE_EIR_Training_Intro_Overview.pdf
Health Equity at Work Skills assessment of public health staff – summary report (without appendices)
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The Canadian Nurses Association (CNA) has a long history of working on behalf of its membership to advance health policy and development in Canada and abroad and to support global health and equity.
Nursing Now Canada — In June 2019, Canada joined Nursing Now, a global campaign that aims to improve health and health care by raising the status and profile of nursing. Check out Canada’s involvement.
International Council of Nurses — CNA’s membership in the International Council of Nurses ensures Canadian nurses’ knowledge and experience contribute to advancing global health and equity. This is achieved by bringing Canadian nursing expertise and innovations to policy thinking, thereby gaining visibility, credibility and a nursing voice on health issues. See why CNA values this relationship.
Global health issues — CNA collaborates with national and international non-governmental organizations and Canadian government departments to bring expertise and perspectives of nursing to inform and influence Canada’s position on global health issues. Explore the issues.
Programs and partnerships — For more than 35 years, CNA worked with national nursing associations (NNAs) at home and around the world to build partnerships and increase NNA capacities to strengthen the nursing profession and improve the quality of nursing and health services. Through the Strengthening Nurses, Nursing Networks and Associations Program (SNNNAP), funded by the former Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA), CNA worked with eight international NNAs from 2007 to 2012. Take a retrospective look.
International Year of the Nurse and the Midwife — The World Health Organization designated 2020 as the International Year of the Nurse and the Midwife in honour of the 200th anniversary of Florence Nightingale’s birth. Learn more.
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Home Editor's Pick US offers funding to strengthen civil society in Sri Lanka
US offers funding to strengthen civil society in Sri Lanka
The US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor (DRL) has announced an open competition for organizations interested in submitting applications for projects that advance and protect freedom of association and freedom of assembly in Sri Lanka.
Per the 2020 Human Rights Report, the UN Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Freedom of Association and Peaceful Assembly noted that although the country had a comprehensive legal framework governing the right to freedom of peaceful assembly, it was “scattered in different sets of laws and regulations which seem to be interchangeably enforced.”
DRL seeks proposals for programs that utilize legal mechanisms and the judicial system to ensure these legal protections are enforced and these rights are respected in Sri Lanka. Proposals should assess the use of policies, laws and programs on democratic political competition, civil society, and media freedom that are being put into place in Sri Lanka under the new government.
Additionally, proposals should provide legal and organizational support to organizations and individuals facing undue government restrictions, pressure, inspections, and censorship to ensure they can continue to operate, as well as foster civil society-led strategic litigation to advance the protection, fulfillment, and respect of human rights.
Program approaches may include but are not limited to:
Strengthening the role, status and capacity of defense lawyers and legal professionals;
Expand the capacity of judicial watchdog organizations to monitor, document, and advocate in support of fair judicial process and court decisions; Develop public-awareness and advocacy campaigns that can be implemented via multiple media and social platforms;
Assist small NGOs or informal advocacy organizations with innovative methods of civic engagement at the community level.
The proposed program must also address how it will ensure coordination with existing civil society networks, as well as ongoing civil society-led strategic litigation and advocacy efforts; all proposals must demonstrate that they do not duplicate existing efforts.
Proposed programming must be responsive to immediate needs on the ground, must be in line with the U.S. Government’s democracy, governance, and human rights goals in Sri Lanka; and should contribute to and support Sri Lanka’s efforts to strengthen democracy, governance, and human rights in the country. Helpful resources for applicants include the annual Sri Lanka Human Rights Report (https://www.state.gov/reports/2019-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/sri-lanka/) and the International Religious Freedom Report (http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/religiousfreedom/).
All programs should aim to have impact that leads to reforms and should have the potential for sustainability beyond DRL resources. DRL’s preference is to avoid duplicating past efforts by supporting new and creative approaches. This does not exclude from consideration projects that improve upon or expand existing successful projects in a new and complementary way. Programs should seek to include groups that can bring perspectives based on their religion, gender, disability, race, ethnicity, and/or sexual orientation and gender identity. Programs should be demand-driven and locally led to the extent possible. DRL requires all programs to be non-discriminatory and expects implementers to include strategies for integration of individuals/organizations regardless of religion, gender, disability, race, ethnicity, and/or sexual orientation and gender identity. (Colombo Gazette)
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Differences Between Buddhist Sects
ANTHON JACKSON
... Photos.com/Photos.com/Getty Images
Founded in the sixth century B.C. by the Indian Prince Siddhartha Gautama, Buddhism is one of the world's most widespread religions. As with all major religions, a great many historical schisms have split Buddhism into numerous sects. Most scholars divide Buddhism into three main branches, or yanas ("vehicles"). Early Buddhism, sometimes known as Hinayana Buddhism, is the religion's oldest sect, while the more accessible Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhism are later forms of the religion that are adapted to various regions and cultures.
Early Buddhism
Vajrayana Buddhism
1 Early Buddhism
A pejorative term coined by the Mahayana Buddhists, "Hinayana" Buddhism is more respectfully known as "Early Buddhism." Early Buddhism is the religion's original sect, and its sole surviving school is known as Theravada Buddhism, practiced in much of Southeast Asia, including Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Sri Lanka. The origins of Theravada Buddhism trace back to the very first followers of the Buddha himself, and its sacred texts are taken from an early Indian collection of the Buddha's teachings, written in the Pali language spoken in India during the time of Siddhartha Gautama, although which of these texts are considered scripture differs slightly by region. Theravada Buddhists hold sacred the four noble truths taught by the Buddha. This boils down to the idea that human suffering may be eliminated if we can successfully eliminate our own desires. The end goal within this sect is to attain nirvana, an escape from the cycle of death and rebirth to a state beyond desire and suffering. Those that follow the noble eightfold path and succeed in reaching nirvana are known in the Theravada school as arhats. According to Early Buddhist doctrine, the difficult task of reaching nirvana is only possible in this life for monks or ascetics.
2 Mahayana Buddhism
Mahayana Buddhism, the "Greater Vehicle," split from Early Buddhism in the first century and spread throughout much of East Asia. As opposed to Early Buddhists, Mahayana Buddhists believe that the path to nirvana should be open to all people rather than only monks. Rather than hoping to become arhats, Mahayana Buddhists hope to become bodhisattvas, enlightened saints who delay their own nirvana in order to help others. In addition to the Pali scripture used by the Theravada Buddhists, Mahayana Buddhists also accept later scriptures known as sutras, written in Sanskrit, and they believe in translating all the sacred texts into local languages. Mahayana Buddhists also revere many more buddhas and bodhisattvas than the Theravada Buddhists, and generally place more importance in ritual. Some of the major Mahayana sects are the Zen Buddhists, the Pure Land Buddhists and the Nichiren Buddhists, the teachings of the latter focusing even more heavily than the other Mahayana sects on the importance of the Lotus Sutra.
3 Vajrayana Buddhism
This branch of Buddhism, also known as Esoteric Buddhism, grew out of Mahayana Buddhism in India and is considered by many to be an extension of the Mahayana school. Its early texts were passed to China and then on to Japan, Korea, Tibet and Mongolia. Vajrayana Buddhists incorporated a range of ritual practices, often taken from other, older religions. The Japanese monk Kukai introduced this form of Buddhism to Japan, where it became known as Shingon Buddhism, one of the few remaining Vajrayana sects today. Another surviving group of Vajrayana Buddhists are the Newar Vajrayana Buddhists of Nepal's Kathmandu valley. As well as the various Indian Vajrayana deities, this group worships a few uniquely Newar deities.
4 Tibetan Buddhism
Perhaps the best-known form of Vajrayana Buddhism is found in Tibet. One of the last regions to do so, Tibet adopted Vajrayana Buddhism when it was introduced by the Indian mystic Padma Sambhava. As opposed to the Shingon and Newar Buddhists, Tibetan Buddhists center their focus on the newer texts of the Vajrayana, although there is some overlap in their sacred texts. Tibetan Buddhist teaching and rite also have certain elements of Theravada Buddhism and Bon, the older, shamanistic religion of Tibet. One set of scriptures that is unique to Tibetans contains a number of sexual rituals designed to help worshipers attain enlightenment. Tibetan Buddhism is further broken into four major divisions of its own: Nyingma Buddhism, the oldest Tibetan denomination, and the newer Kagyu, Sakya and Geluk sects of Buddhism.
1 Buddhist Studies: Differences Between Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism
2 The Art of Asia: Guide to Buddhist Sects
3 Faithology: Buddhist Denominations
4 Faithology: Theravada Buddhism
5 Faithology: Tibetan Buddhism
6 Faithology: Shingon Buddhism
7 Faithology: Nichiren Buddhism
Anthon Jackson is a writer and photographer. Since obtaining a Bachelor of Arts in Middle Eastern studies in 2008, he has authored travel guides for the likes of Rough Guides, A-Z World Travels and Adventure Journey while his work has also been featured by such publications as "GEOspecial," "Reader's Digest," Lonely Planet and National Geographic Traveler.
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Temples of Buddhism in Ancient India
Customs & Beliefs of Vietnamese Buddhists
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The Importance of Buddhist Pilgrimages
Death and Burial Traditions of Japan
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Which Countries Have the Highest COVID-19 Death Rate?
Adam Meltz Jun 27, 2020
The COVID-19 pandemic caught the world unprepared. Many countries didn’t know how to respond to the novel coronavirus. That led to a lot of problems in worldwide travel and the healthcare systems in many nations.
As of now (24.06.2020), more than 480 000 people with COVID-19 have died. In this article, we are going to share the top 10 countries with the highest COVID-19 death rate. Also, we will discuss how each of these countries has handled the crisis.
But before that, you’ll have to know what exactly is the death rate. It’s a measure of the number of deaths in a population. In most cases, the mortality rate is showed as units of deaths per 1,000 people per year.
Now that you know what death rate is let’s discuss the top 10 countries with the highest COVID-19 death rate, starting with the first one.
The US has the worst COVID-19 outbreak. As of now, more than 120 000 people with coronavirus have died. That’s because each state deals with the issue independently with some states having a full lockdown while others didn’t lock up at all. Also, the protests for George Floyd didn’t help at all, because they led to more people coming together without any protection.
At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there were hospitals and medical workers that didn’t have access to any protective equipment.
Fortunately, in April, 3M double the production of N95 respirators, so the people that need them the most will have access to them.
Brazil has become the second country in the world to pass 50 000 deaths from COVID-19. Only the US has more. The virus began spreading to Brazil on 25 February and four months later on 19 June, the country has reported its 1 millionth case. One of the reasons for these results is the ongoing protest against the president.
As of now, the crisis seems to be getting worse because there is a lot of political and economic instability in the country. No one knows what will happen next, but we can hope that fewer people are going to get infected and die.
Of all the countries in Europe, the UK had the worst COVID-19 outbreak. They have more than 300 000 cases of the novel coronavirus. This happened because they didn’t do a full lockdown immediately. The first case in the UK was on 31 January, and they didn’t start a lockdown until 23 March.
That means that for almost two months, the disease was spreading rapidly without much intervention. As of now, the UK is coming out of the lockdown preparing for the second wave of the COVID-19.
When the COVID-19 outbreak was in its early stages, one of the countries with the highest death rate was Italy. They have a more elderly population which is more susceptible to the novel coronavirus. Italy didn’t handle the pandemic very well, and as a result, the economic and political situation in the country isn’t good. Many people are without a job and have no way to provide for their families.
As of now, the worst seems to be behind Italy as their death toll is decreasing since May.
France recorded the first COVID-19 death outside of Asia. As of now, they have more than 160 000 confirmed cases with nearly 30 000 deaths. France reacted relatively quickly and went into a full lockdown only a month after the first recorded coronavirus death. They have extended their lockdown twice, and it ended on 11 May.
However, the government extended the national health emergency until 24 July.
Spain at one point had the worst COVID-19 outbreak next to Italy. Their first recorded case was confirmed on 31 January, but they waited almost two months before they went into full lockdown. Before the lockdown, there were confirmed COVID-19 cases in all 50 provinces in the country.
Spain also has a more elderly population, like most countries in Europe, which led to many deaths. As of now, the situation seems to be more manageable, and 1 June was the first day with 0 coronavirus deaths recorded.
The country with the worst COVID-19 outbreak in Central America is Mexico. They have 190 000 reported cases with more than 23 000 deaths. This was a result of a very unstable political situation. The president of Mexico didn’t take the coronavirus very seriously initially, which led to more soft measures, which resulted in more deaths.
Since then, the situation seems more at ease, and the first foreign tourists landed in Mexico on 1 June.
India is also one of the countries with the worst COVID-19 outbreak. They have almost half a million coronavirus cases with 14 000 deaths. India has the most cases in Asia, having their first case reported on 30 January. Each state handled the pandemic slightly differently, but for the most part, the social distancing rules were implemented.
India is still in a lockdown which will continue at least until 30 June.
The COVID-19 outbreak in Iran showed what happens when you’re misinformed. Initially, the leaders of the country denied the existence of COVID-19, and now, Iran has more than 200 000 cases and nearly 10 000 deaths. There were a couple of high-profile officials that got the disease and died.
As of now, there’s a resurgence of COVID-19 cases in Iran, and nobody knows when it’s going to stop.
Belgium, like all European countries on the list, has an elderly population. This led to problems in the healthcare system because as of now, Belgium has 60 000 reported cases and almost 10 000 deaths. The first case was reported in early February, and the peak of the outbreak was between March to April.
As the writing of this post, the situation in Belgium seems to be in control.
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Principles of Marketing [Deprecated]
Module 5: Ethics and Social Responsibility
Putting It Together: Ethics and Social Responsibility
In this module we’ve covered a range of different corporate ethical challenges, legal requirements, and opportunities to contribute to social good. Every year, a company called Ethisphere provides a through review of businesses seeking to gain recognition for being upstanding corporate citizens. (See the full list of honorees.)
The review process captures company performance in five areas, but in order to be honored, the companies must demonstrate that they are addressing ethics and social responsibility holistically. The five factors, which are nicely aligned with the topics of this module, are described below, each with a brief description of how the companies show compliance.
Ethics and Compliance Program
We discussed this topic in our focus on company policy, along with the important role of executive leadership in supporting and following the policy. This category reviews the ethics program structure, responsibility, and resources, and evaluates the program oversight and tone among top management in the company.
In the following video, Walmart’s chief ethics officer, Cindy Moehring, explains how the compliance and ethics team makes this sophisticated program simple:
Corporate Citizenship and Responsibility
We’ve looked at a number of ways in which companies can be good corporate citizens and “give back” to society and stakeholders. In this category, Ethisphere evaluates a wide range of a company’s performance indicators associated with sustainability, citizenship, and social responsibility, with special attention to areas such as environmental stewardship, community involvement, corporate philanthropy, workplace impact and well-being, and supply chain engagement and oversight.
In the video below, Executive Vice President of Government Affairs, General Counsel, and Corporate Secretary of PepsiCo Tony West discusses the responsibility to society that businesses have:
Culture of Ethics
We also discussed the importance of building a culture of accountability within an organization. In this area the Ethisphere evaluation measures an organization’s efforts and success at establishing an ethical tone throughout every level of the company.
In the following video, Tony West of PepsiCo shares insight on sustainable ethical cultures, employee values, and their persistence over time:
We discussed the importance of executive leadership when it comes to monitoring and promoting a quality company culture. This category of the Ethisphere review examines the availability and quality of systems designed to ensure strong corporate governance, which not only includes executive managers, but also the company’s board of directors.
CH2M Hill board member Georgia Nelson discusses the positive effects of board diversity on corporate governance and innovation in the video below:
Leadership, Innovation, and Reputation
The companies that make Ethisphere’s list of honorees are visibly presenting themselves in an ethical context, which supports their reputation among all stakeholders. This category evaluates the company’s ethical reputation in the marketplace and among key stakeholders such as employees and customers.
In the video below, the corporate communications manager of Aflac International, John Sullivan, explains how ethical practices reflect on the business:
Licenses and Attributions
CC licensed content, Original
Putting It Together: Ethical and Social Responsibility. Provided by: Lumen Learning . License: CC BY: Attribution
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What can the le...
What can the legal world learn from healthcare?
Written by Ana de Liz for Crafty Counsel
“We’ve got a small number of people in charge of a lot of people’s lives and you can have a big impact on those lives,” Dr Imogen Staveley says of the similarities between the aviation and the healthcare industries, which brought the medical industry to adopt one or two strategies from its high-skies counterpart (more on that later).
The legal industry, in some ways, harbours similar power in the sense that a select group of people in society (lawyers and barristers) can sometimes hold the fate of a number of its citizens — in the case of lawyers working in business, the success or failure of their critical projects and aspirations.
So, what can lawyers learn from doctors? In a conversation with Dr Imogen Staveley, GP and Deputy Chair of the Warwickshire North Clinical Commissioning Group, Crafty Counsel sought to find some answers.
Treating one’s career as a career-long learning experience
After medical school, doctors are on continuous training until they become consultants, after which they qualify either as a hospital specialist or as a GP (are you thinking back to your trainee years yet?).
Whichever path they chose, doctors have yearly appraisals and every five years, they are re-validated to show that their skills have been kept up to date: no longer is it accepted that more years under your belt mean that you’re a better or safer doctor, Dr Staveley says.
Even with experience, skills can wear-and-tear. Dr Staveley mentions an example where a doctor might be having a face-to-face consultation with a patient, someone might call her on the phone to ask a prescribing query, and then a trainee could come in to ask a question. In a legal context, an analogous situation might be dealing with more than one deal at a time, or juggling client work alongside managing team-members.
“It wouldn’t be beyond the realms of possibility that you might make a mistake in one of those interactions that are happening at the same time. However experienced you are, this can happen because your brain is not able to process that much information,” she mentions. Therefore, it is very important (both in medicine and in law) to have systems in place as fail-safes.
Dr Staveley explains that CPR practice training is compulsory on a yearly basis, focused on the actual resuscitation as well as the procedures and system around it. Everybody, no matter their seniority in the clinical team, has to come to the training every year, regardless of where they are in the team.
The shift in attitude came from a recognition of similarities with the aviation industry: where a small number of people are in charge of a lot of people’s lives in each job, and the aviation industry learned first that the “captain isn’t always right”: mistakes can be made and it’s important to learn from and prevent them from the most junior pilot to the most experienced doctor. The medical industry followed suit.
What can legal learn from this approach — in particular, regular simulation training of common situations (e.g. deal closings), and the involvement of all team members who would take part in that matter? Should partners, associates, trainees, paralegals and secretaries all train together?
One of the instruments which the medical industry has introduced to prevent mistakes has been more and more time doing better care checklists. What started out in 2007–8 as a WHO experiment to make surgeries safer for patients was quickly adopted into surgeries around the world and at the NHS. It didn’t take away any of the immense experience needed from the main surgeon (read: partner) to execute the surgery (read: deal), but it made it easier for them and the team around them (read: associates, trainees, paralegals) to minimise the chances of making mistakes.
Their introduction, however, was not without resistance. Dr Staveley explains that some surgeons will sometimes feel reluctant to go through checklists (even skipping chunks of some procedures all together) because of their many, many years of experience.
Nevertheless, she hopes that the culture is changing since junior doctors see the value in checklists, given that evidence shows that using them reduces harm significantly, and doctors lead by evidence. “It would be foolhardy for any junior doctor now to ignore it or not respect it. What’s really, really important is that it’s often a lead nurse in charge of calling it out and it’s so important that we support those people, do it, and take part in it ourselves,” she says.
What is it like, though, when the most senior person in the room undermines the clinical process in that way and what can a junior doctor or lawyer do about it?
Challenging the most senior doctor in any situation “take a lot,” Dr Staveley admits since they are often needed by the junior to sign off a placement form or fill in reports.
The problem lies where juniors fall into line and just do as expected in order to have the easy life. “We need to not have the easy life, we need to say something. And it doesn’t have to be dramatic, it’s just questioning: where were you when we were doing the checklist; or highlighting that they weren’t there. This is a small step to us all changing and improving things for the future and improving this for our patients.” She says that in whatever industry you find yourself in — whether legal or healthcare -, questioning our seniors is a must in order to change things.
An organisation can only learn from its errors if it knows about them. Dr Staveley observes that it is important for organisations to develop a culture that allows open and systematic discussion about mistakes without immediately seeking to apportion blame. This encourages those in the system to share mistakes they have made so that everyone can learn. (And — where serious mistakes have indeed been made — ensuring that doctors are provided with sufficient support as the necessary investigations and regulatory processes are completed.)
What can legal learn from this approach? How many partners or General Counsel are able to point to a culture that encourages more junior lawyers to step forward and discuss mistakes in an open and transparent way?
Law can be very introspective, and Crafty Counsel is hoping that shining a light on professionals in other disciplines will help lawyers to improve and innovate. If you have other suggestions of angles to take and people to interview — let them know!
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Tag: I’m Fine: The Final Season
Saying Goodbye to “I’m Fine”: an interview with series creator Brandon Kirby
With the release of I’m Fine’s third and final season, everyone at Dekkoo is feeling a little bittersweet. I’m Fine was Dekkoo’s first foray into the world of original series, and we couldn’t be prouder! But all good things must come to an end, and what a way to go out! We sat down with the creator of the series, Brandon Kirby, to see if he’s really doing fine after the release of the series’ last installment.
Will you tell us a little bit about yourself?
I grew up in Livonia, Michigan, and went to undergrad at Michigan State University. Shortly after graduation, I moved to L.A. in 2012 for an internship at The Hollywood Reporter. Classic L.A. move, I caught the screenwriting bug, and my career went from there. My first project was a web series I co-created with my writing partner at the time and still good friend, Jessie Katz; it was called The Exorcists, and somewhere in the bowels of YouTube, it can be found and watched. I also unfortunately star in it. The lessons learned from that project allowed me to go on and create I’m Fine.
What was your main source of inspiration for the series?
The main source of inspiration was a breakup, so a lot of the first season is based on a bad hookup I had post-breakup. Nate’s neuroses and bad decision making unfortunately mirrors my own. But once Perry Powell began to imbue Nate with his own nuances, the character evolved past any real-life touch points I had tethered the story to. Thankfully, all my actors were able to bring even more to their characters than I had anticipated, so I’m Fine as a series was quickly able to evolve beyond being semi-autobiographical despite many characters, situations, and even dialogue being pulled directly from my real life. These close ties to reality quickly dissipate by season two as the show’s storylines morphed and evolved into something greater.
Can you tell us a little about the inspiration for the title and how you decided on it?
In college, I would say “I’m fine” in a really weird, high-pitched, obviously not-fine tone, and it became a running joke with my friends. As I was writing the first episode, the title sort of came naturally from that.
What was it like bringing other writers onto the show for the last season?
They brought a lot of new perspectives and experiences to the show. For example, in the third episode of season three, we wanted to continue exploring Jeff’s issues of identity, so Clay Pruitt tackled that episode working on a story concept from Lee Doud who plays Jeff. And for the sixth episode—written by Michael Varrati—it’s the story of two older gay men courting younger men at a bar. Varrati wanted to bring that specific perspective to the episode to put a discussion of the gay generational divide into our final season.
What was the casting process like for such a strong ensemble show?
It all started through friends and friends of friends. Perry Powell (Nate) came recommended through our Director of Photography—Andrew Ceperley—and then Lee Doud (Jeff) came through our producer—Albert Payano. From there, Brittney King (Nicole) and Richard Stokes (Andy) were also recommended through Perry, and Ulysses Morazan (Brian) came recommended through another season-one producer—Abram Cerda. As we got into season two, we brought on our amazing casting director, Leslie Wasserman, who stayed with us through the process of casting seasons two and three. She’s been an absolute godsend, and we couldn’t have successfully done our last two seasons without her!
How does it feel to have seen these characters grow from season one to season three?
It’s been a really wild experience seeing how much they’ve grown. I think each character goes on a relatable journey of self discovery, and the direction these characters take is largely owed to the actors bringing them to life. Thanks to them, the characters have gone places I never expected.
Throughout the series, there was an emphasis not only on romantic relationships but on platonic ones and ones where the lines blurred a little as well. Why did you decide to showcase this broad spectrum of relationships?
Since the show’s starting-off point was a breakup, my goal was to not entirely focus on romantic relationships. As the series began, I was much more interested in exploring gay male relationships—namely friendships—that sometimes enter the gray area of more than friends. I think that’s something so specific to gay men where if you’re friends, there’s always the possibility that one person might see the other as something more. And that’s where Nate and Jeff find their friendship headed in season two, and then they have to walk it back, deal with the falling out of one of them having feelings, and then land back in the realm of friendship.
What would 15-year-old Brandon Kirby say about seeing something like I’m Fine on screen?
He would be shocked because 15-year-old me didn’t even have moving to L.A. on his radar. To see that his future self wrote and directed a show, he would be stunned. He probably would’ve gained a lot from it.
What do you think queer viewers will gain from this series?
I want them to see themselves and know that queer stories don’t all have to be tragic. Queer characters can exist in storytelling and media by just being themselves, living their lives, and fucking things up just like any other characters they might see in media.
What’s the main message you’d like your readers to walk away with after seeing I’m Fine?
We’re always growing, and we’re always on a journey. As queer people, we’re always trying to find our tribe, and the journey of self-identity is forever ongoing. We’re constantly redefining ourselves, changing our paths and friendships, and that’s okay. It’s all part of growing up, and sometimes, that means growing apart. I think that’s especially true for transplants moving to new cities and even more true for queer people. It’s all about finding your people, and sometimes, you have to go through a few rounds of figuring out what you want before you can land on what truly makes you happy.
How does it feel to have completed the third and final season of the show?
It feels bittersweet. I knew season three was the time to end the series, but it’ll definitely be weird not returning to these characters. The cast and crew feels the same way, but we’ll always have the friendships and the I’m Fine family we made along the way. Personally, it feels like I’m closing the chapter on that “Nate chapter” of my life, and so it’s a timely and fitting end.
Can you tell us something that was challenging about filming the series?
Budget is always something you’re fighting against when it comes to small projects such as this. Cutting corners, calling in favors, and finding every opportunity to save money is the name of the game.
Can you share one of your favorite moments or memories on set?
On set during the filming of season three, we were shooting a nighttime pool scene, and our director—Andrew Ceperley—was setting up for the shot but wasn’t satisfied with the angle he was getting. The two characters were sitting with their feet dangling in the pool, so straight-on shots were limited since there was a body of water in front of them. But that didn’t stop Andrew from fully getting in the water to film the entire scene. He didn’t even take the time to take his jeans off, let alone his socks or shoes. It was a moment of pure dedication, and I don’t think I’ll ever forget it.
How does it feel to have I’m Fine featured on Dekkoo?
I’m so thankful it’s on a platform like Dekkoo, dedicated to telling exclusively queer stories. I hope being on here allows the show to reach more people!
Do you have any new projects you’re currently working on?
I have a short film also starring Lee Doud (Jeff) called Is This a Date? that’s currently in post-prod and will premiere on Dekkoo either later this year or early next. I also have a queer horror short, The More the Scarier, that will land on Dekkoo this Halloween. The production company I have with Michael Varrati called June Gloom Productions also has a short, The Office is Mine, that will be hitting the festival circuit this fall. We also have many more queer horror-genre stories in the works!
Where can we find you online?
You can find me on Twitter and Instagram. You can also find I’m Fine on Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook.
You can watch the third and final season of I’m Fine right now, available for streaming on Dekkoo!
Posted on August 25, 2019 August 23, 2019 Author Austin AllieCategories Comedy, Dating, Drama, Gay Series, Interview, New ReleaseTags Brandon Kirby, I'm Fine: The Final SeasonLeave a comment on Saying Goodbye to “I’m Fine”: an interview with series creator Brandon Kirby
I’m Fine: The Final Season is now available!
A fresh, honest and laugh-out-loud-hilarious exploration of modern gay relationships, friendships and the blurry line between the two, I’m Fine is a positively charming original “pocket series” from Dekkoo. We’re thrilled to let you know that all episodes of Season 3, the official Final Season, are now available!
Created by Brandon Kirby, an up-and-coming filmmaker with strong ties to the world of gay-themed cinema and television, the first season on I’m Fine centers around the recent demise of a gay relationship – finding both humor and poignancy within the related pathos.
The beginning of the series finds Nate (Perry Powell), an attractive 20-something, still hopelessly obsessed with his aloof ex-boyfriend Joey (Shaughn Buchholz). He also ends up blurring the lines between friendship and romance with his best friend Jeff (Lee Doud).
Season Two picked up a few weeks after Season One – with Nate is continuing to move on from his breakup with Joey while simultaneously dealing with the fallout of sleeping with Jeff. There’s also a surplus of lovable supporting characters with their own romantic trials and tribulations – namely Richard Stokes and Ulysses Morazan as the coupled Andy and Brian.
In the third and final season of the Dekkoo-original series, Nate has at last put Joey behind him and moves forward in his career and friendships. That is, until an opportunity presents itself that makes him question everything he knows about L.A. All the while Jeff, Andy, Nicole and Mick navigate what it is they want and need in order to finally feel… fine.
Featuring crisp writing and direction and terrific performances from a culturally diverse cast, the series has garnered near countless clicks from subscribers and earned stellar reviews from Dekkoo users. It’s the gay rom-com gift that keeps on giving.
Check out the trailer for I’m Fine: The Final Season below and start diving into the episodes now on Dekkoo.
Posted on July 31, 2019 Author kcousinsCategories Comedy, Dating, Drama, Gay Series, New ReleaseTags I'm Fine, I'm Fine: The Final SeasonLeave a comment on I’m Fine: The Final Season is now available!
I’m Fine: The Final Season is coming to Dekkoo July 25th!!!
A fresh, honest and laugh-out-loud-hilarious exploration of modern gay relationships, friendships and the blurry line between the two, I’m Fine is a positively charming original “pocket series” from Dekkoo. We’re proud to announce that all episodes of Season 3, the official Final Season, are coming to Dekkoo on July 25th!
Check out the trailer for I’m Fine: The Final Season below. Also make sure to watch (or re-watch) the first two seasons before the new one comes along later this month. Both are available now on Dekkoo!
Posted on July 15, 2019 July 12, 2019 Author kcousinsCategories Comedy, Dating, Drama, Gay Series, New ReleaseTags Brandon Kirby, I'm Fine, I'm Fine: The Final Season, Lee Doud, Perry Powell, Richard Stokes, Shaughn Buchholz, Ulysses MorazanLeave a comment on I’m Fine: The Final Season is coming to Dekkoo July 25th!!!
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How Metal Roofing Pays For Itself
By Harry Comfort, The Garland Company Inc.
By next year (2020), the commercial and residential metal roofing market is expected to reach $4 billion, continuing a growth trend that began about three years ago. There are numerous reasons cited for the upward shift, according to Principia Consulting, a leading research and consulting firm focused exclusively on the building materials and construction industry. One growth driver includes the fact that building owners have begun to more fully understand and accept the life-cycle cost and long-term performance benefits of metal roof systems.
This article will explore the major benefits of metal that are driving today’s trend of choosing metal roofs and walls for the new construction and reroofing of private and public sector commercial facilities.
Functional And Aesthetic Versatility
What can metal do that traditional commercial roofing materials, such as single ply, modified bitumen, and Built-Up Roofing (BUR) cannot?
The major differentiating functional capabilities of metal roof and wall solutions include:
• Strength/performance
• Speed and ease of installation
• Minimal maintenance requirements
• Facilitates insulation upgrades
From an aesthetic perspective, the major differentiating capabilities of metal building solutions include:
• The ability to achieve tight curves and complex angles
• Extensive versatility in color and texture, including the ability to simulate, complement, and integrate with other building materials
Since metal’s performance life is most comparable to that of a modified built-up roofing system, it’s important to note that a typical metal roof is conservatively half the weight of BUR, while exceeding its strength on a pound-to-pound basis. That means at least some of the initial cost of metal is immediately paid back during new construction since metal roofs require fewer support materials. When it comes to reroofing, the lighter weight of metal makes retrofitting an option in many scenarios, making it possible to avoid costly tear-offs of roofs that have already met the building code maximums for the number of roofs allowed. This too can result in significant cost savings, even more so where the existing system includes asbestos or some other hazard associated with prohibitive removal costs. Additional cost savings can be realized through insulation retention as well. For example, if you start with insulation that is still in good condition, and can retrofit, you can actually retain that R-value and only need to add the additional amount required to achieve the minimum code requirements, or the amount the customer needs to increase the energy efficiency of the building. This also allows for additional long-term cost savings, further reducing the true cost of ownership of the metal roof system.
Strength/Performance
With the wide spectrum of load requirements, geographical conditions, and building functions that exist across North America, wind uplift resistance is the first of many prerequisites for the lasting performance of metal roofs and walls. Relying on minimum wind uplift resistance testing standards may be reasonable for a warehouse in Iowa, but would be a high risk for a healthcare facility in the middle of hurricane alley. Fortunately, today’s metal systems can and should be subjected to a full arsenal of wind uplift resistance testing, including ASTM E1592, UL 580, FM 4474 and TAS 125. Panels that meet or exceed these testing protocols, when properly designed and attached according to the manufacturer’s specifications, can be counted on to provide exceptional performance in the critical area of wind resistance.
But wind uplift resistance is only one of the many forces of nature that roofs are expected to withstand during the course of their service lives. Metal roof testing protocols also exist for verifying that metal panel systems are able to resist air and water infiltration. Specifically, it is reasonable to expect a metal roof system to have met or exceeded testing in these additional areas of performance:
• Water Penetration (ASTM E1646, ASTM E2140, TAS 114 Appendix G)
• Air Infiltration and Leakage (ASTM E1680)
• Wind Driven Rain (TAS 100, AAMA 501.1)
Speed And Ease Of Installation
ecause metals are capable of achieving far more challenging and complex architectural designs than other roof systems, they have mistakenly earned a reputation for being more complex to install. Certainly, complex details require the highest level of craftsmanship, and nothing but metal can achieve some of the more dramatic and demanding architectural visions. However, when comparing apples to apples, installing metal on a typical commercial roof is no more time consuming or demanding than installing many other materials, and can be installed faster and easier, especially in those applications where tear-off can be eliminated. In addition, standing seam metal roof installations are less affected by weather-related conditions than other systems, which can result in more predictable scheduling.
Perhaps most importantly, keep in mind that it is a fallacy to think all metal systems are alike. The fasteners used to secure/attach metal roof and wall systems may be through-fastened or concealed. Roof and wall panel designs may be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Clips may be two-piece or integrated as a single-piece and may use a continuous clip or snap-on design. Sealants may be isolated or exposed. All these factors will affect the facility of installation and long-term performance of the system. Requesting a comparative evaluation of different types of metal solutions, and their details, is the best way to make sure that the ease of installation of the metal system chosen is appropriate to the complexity of the design.
Facilitation Of Maintenance And Repair
With metal roofs, which tend to shed dirt, routine gutter maintenance and an occasional power washing are typically the only maintenance required. In addition, the modularity of integrated metal roof and wall systems makes tracing leaks and replacing portions of wet insulation easier than with many alternative systems.
Aside from these preventive maintenance and repair advantages, metals can frequently make it possible to solve tough waterproofing problems for less expense. For example, if water is leaking through the walls of a brick or block building, it can be very costly to cut out and repoint the mortar joints and apply a water repellant. Even after doing so, you are likely to have to reapply the water repellant to the vertical surface at least once every seven to 10 years. The fluted split face masonry that was so popular in the 1980s and 1990s is particularly susceptible to these kinds of problems and is quite difficult to waterproof using only an exterior surface coating. For a more permanent and less costly solution, once the source of the leak has been identified and repaired, you can overlay the masonry wall with a metal panel system, significantly reducing future maintenance and repairs, while upgrading the building’s aesthetics.
Facilitates Insulation Upgrades
With no end in sight to the volatility of energy costs, it is beneficial to realize that metal systems make insulation upgrades a relatively direct and easy process. Specifically, adding continuous insulation to the exterior of a building during a retrofit can significantly reduce costs related to cooling the building’s interior.
Angles And Curves
No alternative roofing or wall material compares to metal, for the long-term, when it comes to complex angles and tight curves. Although fluid-applied coating systems can be used in these areas, they typically require specialized craftsmen to properly install, as well as costly coating reapplication in the future. When you take a roof structure with multiple planes adjoining each other you have a lot of angles, each of which requires its own unique detailing to ensure watertight performance at the junction points. Materials such as masonry, for walls, or BUR, for roofs, do not lend themselves to such design complexity. Metal is the ideal solution for such applications, enabling installers to craft watertight details where different roof slopes adjoin.
The dramatic curves associated with so much contemporary design are another aesthetic challenge that can only be resolved through the use of metal. Advancements in metal roof and wall design have liberated the imaginations of architects to explore seemingly impossible curves that fan out, reverse themselves, overlap, and extend to create the most dramatic architectural statements.
For high profile projects that require community support and participation, such designs, made possible only with metal systems, can make the difference between funding failure and success, while encouraging subsequent community enthusiasm for, and use of, the resulting facility.
Versatility In Color And Texture
The vast number of colors, textures, and alignment options (i.e., vertical, horizontal, angular) available when using metal roof and wall panels make it possible to aesthetically match or complement the materials used on historic buildings or neighboring facilities, frequently at a fraction of the cost of replicating the original construction materials.
In addition, the flexibility of today’s metal panel designs provides architects with a whole new spectrum of aesthetic shapes that not only provide drama and curb appeal, but can also extend the functionality of the facilities themselves through the creative structuring of sites that are unusually compact or irregular.
As an added benefit, the high reflectivity of certain colors can greatly reduce heat absorption, resulting in a reduction of air-conditioning related energy requirements in warmer climates.
100 Percent Recyclability
The cradle-to-grave environmental impact of metal roof and wall solutions is minimal since 100 percent of metal panels are recyclable when metal systems reach the end of their service life. Additionally, many manufacturers dedicated to low environmental impact will utilize metal with both post-consumer and pre-consumer recycled content.
Extended Life-Cycle Performance
More recent code requirements have also raised the bar on building longevity. The new longevity requirement for sustainable buildings was raised, and includes a mandate for a service plan capable of justifying the longevity of various building materials and components. High-performance metal systems can reasonably be expected to resist degradation for half a century. Even more importantly, some metal roof and wall systems come with a 30-year commitment of watertight performance. This benefit alone ensures building owners of a better life-cycle dollar-and-cents return on investment than is possible with the majority of alternative low-slope waterproofing solutions for commercial buildings on the market today.
The growing use of metal to ensure the waterproofing integrity of commercial buildings is justified by its many benefits. High-performance metal roof and wall solutions — when properly designed and installed — offer property owners, who expect to retain ownership for 30 years or more, the best value over time, while offering architects an infinite array of aesthetic and functional possibilities.
Harry Comfort has a bachelor’s degree in structural engineering and has been working in the commercial waterproofing industry since 1993. He has been a territory manager for The Garland Company Inc., a full-service manufacturer of high-performance waterproofing solutions for the total building envelope, since 2002. In that capacity, he works directly with building owners, facility managers, and architects to develop and maintain roof asset management programs for the life of their commercial properties. For information about The Garland Company Inc. and its products, visit www.garlandco.com.
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World’s Largest Coal Company Files Chapter 11
(REUTERS/Rick Wilking)
Chris White Tech Reporter
St. Louis-based Peabody Energy, widely considered the largest coal company in the world, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy Wednesday, showing that even the most storied coal companies are not impervious to the coal industry’s downturn.
The company cited a slew of reasons for its decision, including the coal industry’s downward plunge in the energy market, stiff competition from natural gas producers, as well as economic slowdowns in China.
“This was a difficult decision, but it is the right path forward for Peabody,” Glenn Kellow, the company’s chief executive said in a statement Wednesday. “This process enables us to strengthen liquidity and reduce debt, build upon the significant operational achievements we’ve made in recent years and lay the foundation for long-term stability and success in the future.”
The move to file bankruptcy was prompted by both external market forces as well as an ill-timed decision to acquire Macarthur Coal of Australia in 2011 for $5.2 billion, which led to the company taking on massive debt after it failed to recognize China’s drop in demand for coal.
Shares in the company have tumbled more than 99 percent from their 2008 peak. Peabody shares closed Tuesday at a mere $ 2.06, leaving the company with just $38 million in its war chest.
Peabody’s fall comes amid the stumbles of several other major U.S. coal companies.
Arch Coal, another Missouri-based coal company, filed bankruptcy as well in January in a last ditch effort to slash nearly $4.5 billion from its doles. The filing, according to Arch Coal officials, essentially leaves most of the company in the hands of lenders. Arch Coal is the second largest coal producer in the U.S.
The coal industry’s descend claimed another victim in February when Illinois-based coal company Alliance Coal announced it planned on laying off 275 employees.
Alliance said that 75 of its employees will be cut from Illinois mines River View Coal, LLC and White County Coal, LLC, while Hamilton County Coal, LLC announced the temporary layoff of 200 employees.
The company claimed the layoffs come as a result of falling natural gas prices, “overreaching regulations” from the Obama administration and a glut in coal market.
Alpha Natural Resources Inc. filed for Chapter 11 in August, allowing the company to stay afloat for the time being.
But the move did not do much to ratchet down the glut in the coal industry. Alpha has managed to reduce its coal output to 44 million tons, which is only a 10 percent drop down from the 60.7 million tons it said it sold in 2015, according to Bloomberg.
Despite the bad news, Peabody Energy continues to stay upbeat, suggesting in its press statement that there is a place for coal in the energy market.
“Globally, thermal coal is expected to continue to fuel hundreds of existing coal generating plants as well as scores more that are under construction,” the statement reads. “Coal currently fuels approximately 40 percent of global electricity and is expected to be an essential source of global electricity generation and steel making for many decades to come.”
Follow Chris on Facebook and Twitter
Tags : arch coal coal prices energy obama administration peabody energy
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Nation’s Largest Drug Distributors Reach $260 Million Settlement In Opioid Crisis Case
Christian Datoc Senior White House Correspondent
Drug distributors McKesson Corp., Cardinal Health Inc., AmerisourceBergen Corp. and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. agreed to a $260 million settlement in relation to a landmark opioid abuse case early Monday morning.
The initial settlement includes $215 million in payments made by the distributors – the three largest in the country according to USA Today – to two Ohio counties. Teva must also make $45 million in payouts and donations to addiction centers. The Washington Post noted that while a fifth defendant, Walgreens, was not a part of the initial settlement, a sixth, Henry Schein Medical, must also pay $1.25 million to the two Ohio counties.
The New York Times reports that additional settlements involving thousands of other opioid cases could be reached at a later date.
Millions of lives have been destroyed by opioids over the past two decades. According to the National Institutes of Health, there are 130 opioid related deaths in the country every single day and the annual economic burden produced by the opioid crisis totals nearly $80 billion.
The crisis is now so widespread that the children’s program “Sesame Street” has been forced to address the issue. (RELATED: The Opioid Crisis Is Such A Widespread American Problem Even ‘Sesame Street’ Is Tackling It)
This is a developing story. It will be updated as more information becomes available.
Tags : ohio opioid crisis
Christian Datoc
Follow Christian on Twitter and Instagram
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Def Leppard's cross-Canada tour to hit Ontario this July
DH Toronto Staff
Def Leppard / Facebook
Def Leppard is coming to town during their Canada tour, and will be performing in Ottawa, Hamilton, and London this upcoming July.
The Canadian tour was announced in the first few days of 2019 and is expected to visit 11 shows alongside Sacramento melodica hard rock band TESLA.
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NY Times says this Ontario winter phenomenon is a must visit in 2019
The location of Ontario's secret weed warehouse has been revealed
The English rock band, best known for their global success in the 80s following the release of their albums High ‘n’ Dry and Hysteria, also made headlines when their drummer Rick Allen lost an arm in a car crash, yet managed to continue drumming for the band by using his feet to play part of the kit.
The tour is something of a victory lap for the band, as it was recently announced that they will be inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame at a March 29 ceremony in Brooklyn, NY.
The Ontario shows are at the start of the tour, which will begin on July 12 at the Scotiabank Centre in Halifax, NS and make its way west, stopping in, Ottawa’s Canadian Tire Centre on July 19, Hamilton’s FirstOntario Centre on July 20, and London’s Budweiser Gardens on July 22.
Tickets for the concerts go on sale starting Friday, January 18 at 10 am.
Def Leppard Ontario concerts 2019
When: July 19, 20, and 22, 2019
Time: Shows start at 6:30 pm
Where: Canadian Tire Centre — 1000 Palladium Drive, Ottawa
FirstOntario Centre — 101 York Boulevard, Hamilton
Budweiser Gardens — 99 Dundas Street, London
Tickets: Available online, presale starts at 10 am on Friday, January 11, on sale to the public at 10 am on Friday, January 18
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Senior Anglicans say Church has ‘nothing to fear’ from gay marriage
April 21, 2012 ATV News UK ATV Today Video Features 0
Several Senior Anglicans have written a letter to The Times stating the Church of England has ‘nothing to fear’ from gay marriage.
The debate surrounding the possible/likely legalising of gay marriage continues to rumble on with further evidence of how divided the Church of England is on the matter. Officially the Church of England has opposed the government’s proposals to introduce civil marriages for same-sex marriages but there are those within the Church who have a different point of view. A letter in The Times, written by senior Anglicans including five former Bishops, offers a different point of view and states the Church should rejoice at the prospect of civil gay marriages.
“We believe the Church has nothing to fear from … civil marriage for same-sex couples” the letter from the Senior Anglicans states. It goes on to state that marriage is ‘robust institution which has adapted much over the centuries” and has “moved beyond the polygamy of the Old Testament and preoccupation with social status and property in pre-Enlightenment times’
Those who oppose same-sex marriages argue the state does not have the power to change a cultural institution such as marriage – arguing marriage has always been between a man and a woman. However, critics of gay marriage ignore the fact that marriage has changed significantly over the years to reflect the views of society at that particular time. For example arranged marriages is no longer a practice considered acceptable by the Western world but several hundred years ago it was.
While the Catholic Church and the Church of England are opposed to gay marriages other religious groups such as Quakers, Pagans and Liberal Jews are supporters.
Olga Fedori leaving Holby City
Julie Goodyear to appear in Celebrity Big Brother
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