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Home> GPUs
AMD Radeon HD 7790 Review Feat. Sapphire: The First Desktop Sea Islands
by Ryan Smith on March 22, 2013 12:01 AM EST
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Introduction Bonaire’s Microarchitecture - What We’re Calling GCN 1.1 The New PowerTune: Adding Further States Meet The Radeon HD 7790 & Sapphire HD 7790 Dual-X Turbo The Test DiRT: Showdown Total War: Shogun 2 Hitman: Absolution Sleeping Dogs Crysis: Warhead Far Cry 3 Battlefield 3 Civilization V Compute Performance Synthetics Power, Temperature, & Noise Final Words
In an industry that has long grown accustomed to annual product updates, the video card industry is one where the flip of a calendar to a new year brings a lot of excitement, anticipation, speculation, and maybe even a bit of dread for consumers and manufacturers alike. It’s no secret then that with AMD launching most of their Radeon HD 7000 series parts in Q1 of 2012 that the company would be looking to refresh their product lineup this year. Indeed, they removed doubt before 2012 even came to a close when they laid out their 8000M plans for the first half of 2013, revealing their first 2013 GPU and giving us a mobile roadmap with clear spots for further GPUs. So we have known for months that new GPUs would be on their way; the questions being what would they be and when would they arrive?
The answer to that, as it turns out, is a lot more complex than anyone was expecting. It’s been something of an epic journey getting to AMD’s 2013 GPU launches, and not all for good reasons. A PR attempt to explain that the existing Radeon HD 7000 series parts would not be going away backfired in a big way, with AMD’s calling their existing product stack “stable through 2013” being incorrectly interpreted as their intention to not release any new products in 2013. This in turn lead to AMD going one step further to rectify the problem by publically laying out their 2013 plans in greater (but not complete) detail, which thankfully cleared a lot of confusion. Though not all confusion and doubt has been erased – after all, AMD has to save something for the GPU introductions – we learned that AMD would be launching new retail desktop 7000 series cards in the first half of this year, and that brings us to today.
Launching today is AMD’s second new GPU for 2013 and the first GPU to make it to the retail desktop market: Bonaire. Bonaire in turn will be powering AMD’s first new retail desktop card for 2013, the Radeon HD 7790. With the 7790 AMD intends to fill the sometimes wide chasm in price and performance between their existing 7770 (Cape Verde) and 7850 (Pitcairn) products, and as a result today we’ll see just how Bonaire and the 7790 fit into the big picture for AMD’s 2013 plans.
AMD GPU Specification Comparison
AMD Radeon HD 7790 AMD Radeon HD 7850 AMD Radeon HD 7770 AMD Radeon HD 6870
Stream Processors 896 1024 640 1120
Texture Units 56 64 40 56
ROPs 16 32 16 32
Core Clock 1000MHz 860MHz 1000MHz 900MHz
Memory Clock 6GHz GDDR5 4.8GHz GDDR5 4.5GHz GDDR5 4.2GHz GDDR5
Memory Bus Width 128-bit 256-bit 128-bit 256-bit
VRAM 1GB 2GB 1GB 1GB
FP64 1/16 1/16 1/16 N/A
Transistor Count 2.08B 2.8B 1.5B 1.7B
Target Board Power ~85W 150W (TDP) ~80W 151W (TDP)
Manufacturing Process TSMC 28nm TSMC 28nm TSMC 28nm TSMC 40nm
Architecture GCN 1.1* GCN 1.0 GCN 1.0 VLIW5
Launch Date 03/22/2013 03/05/2012 02/15/2012 10/21/2010
Launch Price $149 $249 $159 $239
Diving right into things like always, Bonaire is designed to be an in-between GPU; something to go between the 10 Compute Unit Cape Verde GPU, and the 20 CU Pitcairn GPU. Pitcairn, as we might recall, is almost entirely twice the GPU that Cape Verde is. It has twice as many shaders, twice as many ROPs, twice as many geometry processors, and twice as wide a memory bus. Not surprisingly then, the performance gap between the two GPUs at similar clockspeeds approaches that two-fold difference, and even with binning and releasing products like the 7850 this leaves a fairly large gap in performance.
As AMD intends to carry the existing Southern Islands family forward into 2013, their strategy for the mid-to-low end of the desktop market has become one of filling in that gap. This is a move made particularly important for AMD due to the fact that NVIDIA’s GK106-powered GeForce GTX 650 Ti sits rather comfortably between AMD’s 7770 and 7850 in price and performance, robbing AMD of that market segment. Bonaire in turn will fill that gap, and the 7790 will be the flagship desktop Bonaire video card.
So what are we looking at for Bonaire and the 7790? As the 7790 will be a fully enabled Bonaire part, what we’ll be seeing with the 7790 today will be everything that Bonaire can offer. On the specification front we’re looking at 14 CUs, which breaks down to 896 stream processors paired with 56 texture units, giving Bonaire 40% more shading and texturing performance than Cape Verde. As a further change to the frontend, the number of geometry engines and command processors (ACEs) has been doubled compared to Cape Verde from 1 to 2 each, giving Bonaire the ability to process up to 2 primitives per clock instead of 1, bringing it up to parity with Pitcairn and Tahiti. Finally, the backend remains unchanged; like Cape Verde, Bonaire has 16 ROPs attached to a 128bit memory bus, giving it equal memory bandwidth and equal ROP throughput at equivalent clockspeeds.
Moving on to the 7790 in particular, the 7790 will be shipping at a familiar 1GHz, the same core clockspeed as the 7770. So all of those performance improvements due to increases in functional units translate straight through – compared to the 7770, the 7790 has 40% more theoretical compute/shading performance, 40% more texturing performance, 100% more geometry throughput, and no change in ROP throughput. Meanwhile in a move mirroring what AMD did with the 7970 GHz Edition last year, AMD has bumped up their memory clocks. 7790 will ship with a 6GHz memory clock thanks to a higher performing (i.e. not from Cape Verde) memory interface, which compared to the 7770’s very conservative 4.5GHz memory clock means that the 7790 will have 33% more memory bandwidth compared to 7770, despite the fact that the memory bus itself is no wider.
Putting it altogether, so as long as the 7790 is not ROP bottlenecked, it stands to be 33%-100% faster than the 7770. Or relative to 7850, the 7790 offers virtually all of the 7850’s texturing and shading performance (it’s actually 2% faster), while offering only around 60% of the memory bandwidth and ROP throughput.
On the power front, unsurprisingly power consumption has gone up a bit. As a reminder, AMD does not quote TDPs, but rather “typical board power”, which is AMD’s estimate for what power consumption will be like under an average workload. 7770’s official TBP is 80W, while 7790’s is 85W. We’ll have our own breakdown on this in our look at power, temperature, and noise, but it’s fair to say that 7790 draws only a small amount of additional power over the 7770. Ultimately this can be attributed to the fact that while Bonaire is a larger chip, it’s not extremely so, with only the addition of the CUs and additional geometry/ACE pipeline separating the two. Mixed with gradual improvements over the last year on TSMC’s 28nm process, and better power management from AMD, and it’s possible to make these kinds of small improvements while not pushing load power too much higher.
On the note of Bonaire versus Cape Verde, let’s also talk a bit about transistor count and die sizes. Unsurprisingly, Bonaire sits between Cape Verde and Pitcairn in transistor count and die size. Altogether Bonaire comes in at 2.08B transistors, occupying a 160mm2 die. This is as compared to Cape Verde’s 1.5B transistors and 123mm2 die size, or Pitcairn’s 2.8B transistors and 212mm2 die size. For AMD their closest chip in terms of die size in recent history would be Juniper, the workhorse of the Evergreen family and the Radeon HD 5770, which came in at 166mm2.
Moving on, as is consistent with AMD’s previous announcements, the 7790 is being launched as just that: the 7790. AMD has told us that they intend to keep the HD 7000 brand in retail this year due to the success of the brand, and to that end our first Bonaire card is a 7700 series card. The namespace collision is unfortunate – sticking with the 7000 series means AMD is facing the pigeonhole principle and has to put new GPUs in existing sub-series – but ultimately this is something AMD shouldn’t have any real problems executing on. We’ll get into the microarchitecture of Bonaire on our next page, but for gamers and other consumers Bonaire may as well be another member of the Southern Islands GPU family, so it fits in nicely in the 7000 series despite being from a new wave of GPUs.
With that in mind, let’s talk about product positioning and pricing. The 7790 will launch at $149, roughly in between the 7770 and the 7850. AMD will be positioning it as an entry-level 1080p graphics card, and though it’s a 7700 series part its closest competition in AMD’s product stack is more likely to be the 7850, which it’s closer to on the basis of both price and performance.
Against the competition, the 7790’s closest competition will be the GeForce GTX 650 Ti. However with the price of that card regularly falling to $130 and lower, the 7790 is effectively carving out a small niche for itself where it will be a bit ahead of the GTX 650 Ti in both performance and in price. NVIDIA’s next card up is the GTX 660, at more than $200.
For anyone looking to pick up a 7790 today, this is being launched ahead of actual product availability (likely to coincide with GDC 2013 next week). Cards will start showing up in the market on April 2nd, which is about a week and a half from now. Notably, AMD and their partners will be launching stock clocked and factory overclocked parts right away, and from what we’re being told factory overclocked cards will be prolific from day one. Overall we’re expecting this launch to be a lot like the launch of the GTX 560, where NVIDIA did something very similar. In which case we should see both stock and factory overclocked parts right away with more factory overclocked parts than stock parts, and if it does play out like the 560 then stock clocked cards would become a larger piece of the 7790 inventory later in the lifetime of the 7790.
Gallery: AMD Radeon HD 7790 - Partner Cards
Finally, AMD is wasting no time in extending their Never Settle Reloaded bundle to the 7790. As the 7790 is a cheaper card it won’t come with as many games as the more expensive Radeon cards, but for 7790 buyers they will be receiving a voucher for Bioshock Infinite with their cards. MSRPs/values are usually a poor way to look at the significance of game bundles, but it goes without saying that it’s not too often that $150 cards come with brand-new AAA games.
Spring 2013 GPU Pricing Comparison
AMD Price NVIDIA
$219 GeForce GTX 660
Radeon HD 7850 $179
$134 GeForce GTX 650 Ti
Radeon HD 7770 $109 GeForce GTX 650
Radeon HD 7750 $99 GeForce GT 640
Bonaire’s Microarchitecture - What We’re Calling GCN 1.1 Introduction Bonaire’s Microarchitecture - What We’re Calling GCN 1.1 The New PowerTune: Adding Further States Meet The Radeon HD 7790 & Sapphire HD 7790 Dual-X Turbo The Test DiRT: Showdown Total War: Shogun 2 Hitman: Absolution Sleeping Dogs Crysis: Warhead Far Cry 3 Battlefield 3 Civilization V Compute Performance Synthetics Power, Temperature, & Noise Final Words
Sabresiberian - Monday, March 25, 2013 - link
A roadmap is nothing but a projection of what is PLANNED for the future, not some kind of "promise" or "guarantee". Calling AMD people liars because the released product didn't match the projection is childish at best.
And before you slap the "fanboy" label on me, I prefer Nvidia generally speaking (but I'm not going to cut off my proverbial nose to spite my face in order to be brand loyal; if AMD has the current best solution for my purposes, I'm going to buy AMD). Reply
CeriseCogburn - Saturday, March 23, 2013 - link
128 bit bus is great, the HD5770 proved that.
BWHAHAHHAAA Reply
dishayu - Friday, March 22, 2013 - link
Good eye. But then they metion HD7790 as Pitcairn LE in that infographic. What they have launched as HD7790 now is Bonaire. Reply
ShieTar - Friday, March 22, 2013 - link
Maybe they surprised themselves by getting GDDR5 to run at 6GHz, and realized that they can stick with 128bit at that speed? Reply
Lonyo - Friday, March 22, 2013 - link
They were going to use a cutdown Pitcairn, being 7870/7850 GPU, and cut down the GPU core to use excess cores that couldn't make the cut as 7870/7850s.
They might have gone with 256-bit to simplify the product for AIB partners who could just re-use their HD7850 designs, rather than needing a new design for a smaller run product.
The 7790 now is a new GPU designed to be cheaper to produce (as it's smaller) than Pitcairn, and the fact the memory can run at 6GHz is probably due in part to the fact it's a new GPU rather than a cut down Pitcairn. Reply
CeriseCogburn - Friday, March 22, 2013 - link
I don't see a launch date in the whole article, it's NOT available. I guess that's another mystery freebie for AMD's products here.
Didn't see port config either, so what cabling do we have to buy to run 3 monitors when Asus 650ti runs 4 out of the box, 3 with dvi and vga only ?
Not impressed with the huge AMD biased game line up either, so expect your mileage to be less than shown.
No overclock talk really either - so it must blow at that.
Other sites are reporting amd's beta driver, so maybe they won't even have a release driver for this card when they release it, as AMD is often known to do, for like a year sometimes or forever in terms of any sort of quality-LOL.
Civ5 has only 1 bench rez, it must have crashed in others.
Crossfire ? Article didn't say.
Multi-monitor - no talk of that anymore since nVidia SPANKS amd to death on that now.
Hopefully you've fooled the internet tards again, because amd is bankrupt, for good reason. Reply
Spoelie - Friday, March 22, 2013 - link
Let's feed the troll.
Did you even read the article?
-Launch date is mentioned on page 1, in one and a half week
-Ports are clearly visible and standard, 2 DVI + HDMI + DisplayPort
-Lineup is consistent with every other review on Anandtech.
-There's an entire page on the new PowerTune and how it impacts overclocking, single sample OC investigation is irrelevant and best left for a dedicated vendor comparison.
-... really?
Who's the real tard here? Reply
Spunjji - Friday, March 22, 2013 - link
Oh for a down-vote button. We expect no less than mindless bollocks from Cerise, but failing to read the article entirely is a new low. Reply
No, that's what you do all the time. But thanks for the compliment, since you know I always read the articles completely, yet you think I didn't this time, WRONG.
I've made a lot of money this past short week without a lot of rest, so I'll give you and dipsy doodle a point on the svengali launch date the article writer for the first time EVER declares "solid" before it even occurs, og wait, he always does that when it's AMD, but if it's nVidia he says we'll have to wait and see as they are probably lying...
Who cares, the card sucks, amd is dying, the drivers blow beta chunks, and amd is way late to the party. Reply
ppeterka - Thursday, July 18, 2013 - link
Just a question: And how much will your favored brand of GPUs cost, if AMD really dies? 10 times? 100 times? An arm, a leg, and both kidneys? Grow up, and understand how an ecosystem works for us all.
BTW. I don't have GPU preferences, just grab what gives bets bang for bucks. If it has EasternElbonianVideoPigs GPU on it - be it... Reply
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8 Amazing Things to do in Malacca
HomeAll Posts...8 Amazing Things to do in Malacca
1. Stroll and Be with the Crowd of Jonker Street
The twisting and branching streets are filled with colorful and painted shophouses, each distinctive from its neighbor. Drop by the lively cafes in the antique shops to rest your feet or look for treasures and artifacts. In the evening, with energetic travelers, riverside bars and unlimited street food, Jonker transforms into the beating heart of the city. It’s a perfect place to stroll alone or with a Melaka girl escort.
2. Know the Malacca’s Roots
One of our favorite things to do in Malacca for history buffs is to visit the ruins of the 500-year-old A Famosa (or’ The Legendary’ in Portuguese). When the first Portuguese ships landed in 1511, Alfonso Albuquerque built the fortress.
3. Trace Portugal’s Influence in the City
The Portuguese captured Malacca in 1511 and marked the beginning of almost 450 years of colonial rule. As the years progressed, the Portuguese influence and tradition became diminished by the Netherlands and later by the British. Besides a tiny section of A Formosa, there is hardly anything left on the surface of their early impact. But a small settlement near Portuguese Square to the city’s southeast tells a different story.
4. See Dutch Architecture in Red
Red buildings surround the Dutch Square, together with the oldest Dutch house in Eastern Europe and the oldest Protestant church in Germany. The centerpiece of Stadhuys, the restored Stadhuis or Town Hall, dates back to 1660. The square showcases the best 180 years of Dutch influence in Malacca apart from its historical and photogenic appeal.
5. Visit the Calm Temples in the City
The oldest Buddhist temple in Malaysia (Cheng Hoon Teng), the Kampung Keling Mosque and the Sri Poyatha Vinayagar Moorthi Hindu Temple in the 18th century are among the lines of shophouses. Jonker Street’s small branch is a testament to the religious tolerance of Malacca over the centuries.
6. Mesmerize with the City View While on a Boat Ride
The river Malacca penetrates the city and is surrounded by bars and restaurants on the riverside. But in the heart of old Malacca, this photogenic region has a much broader position. The river served as the main highway from the Malacca Sultanate of the 15th century through 500 years of colonial rule.
7. Taste the Different Cultures of Malacca
Malacca is Malaysia’s food capital. Hungry visitors are able to taste everything from street food to the popular cendol (flavored ice and green jelly) and area delicacies. Restaurants in Malay, Indian and Chinese fill the streets with a smattering of low-cost food courts. Connect Malay and Chinese cooking styles to the centuries of colonial dominance and Peranakan (Baba-Nyonya) fusion, and you have a vibrant food culture that rivals Penang in Malacca.
8. Listen to the Countless Tales of the City Through its Museum
Malacca explodes with its lively story showing museums and galleries. Culture lovers are spoiled for choice from a former sunken Portuguese submarine to the ethnographic museum of the Stadthuy. Learning more about their fascinating past should be among the list of things to do in Malacca for every traveler–a small context makes the attractions and photographs meaningful.
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Rot. by Adam Lechmere
Bordeaux 2010 report: Fatigue, readjustment, and a missed opportunity
As the Bordeaux 2010 en primeur campaign draws to an end, merchants around the world are emerging into the daylight, dusting themselves down - and finding they have had a more successful 2010 than they had expected.
They are pleasantly surprised. 2010 was quietly – almost sheepishly – hyped as a vintage to rival 2009, and merchants were always doubtful how it would play with clients who had filled their cellars last year.
But they are also frustrated. Traditional customers have baulked at the high prices of the top wines, even as they realise, after two huge vintages, that properties they have bought for years are now permanently beyond their reach.
Some merchants – like Gary Boom at Bordeaux Index – say customers who have been loyal for years ‘are now deserting us in droves’, but others took solace in the fact that 2010 has still been the second-most successful vintage of all time, 2009 being the record-breaking best, 2005 in third place.
Stephen Browett at Farr Vintners, for example, said sales are just above £30m – compared to around £45m this time last year. Most merchants sold about half the volume of compared to 2009, and a bit more than half the value.
For Farr, it’s not a question of desertion, but readjustment. ‘People are buying the best value wines. We’ve sold loads of Haut Batailley and Grand Puy Lacoste. It’s a simple trade down: those who used to buy first growths are now buying super seconds, those who used to buy Leoville Barton are now buying Grand Puy Lacoste, and so on.’
Most big merchants agree, although William Gardener at Midlands merchant Nickolls and Perks in Stafford, told Decanter.com it was the opposite: it was the lower growths that were ‘thinning out’.
‘We’ve sold a lot more of the key wines and there’s been less uptake at the lower end.’
The reason, Gardener said, was simple. ‘2009 was the vintage of the century so people bought far more than they wanted to. I have clients who normally spend £100,000 who haven’t bought a single case this year.’
In the United States it’s the same story: reduced demand and buyer fatigue.
‘There is a noticeable decrease in demand for 2010s. Maybe it’s hard to believe in another great vintage right after 2009,’ Devin Warner of the Chicago Wine Company said.
But that lack of demand is highly selective. As another Chicago merchant, Ben Nelson of Hart Davis Hart said, ‘we lost out on some sales because we ran out of stock.’
Allocations on the top wines have been tiny. The first growths held back two-thirds of their stock in their first tranches, and Latour was reported to have released between 1,500 and 3000 cases, out of production of around 10,000.
So while merchants have had far less wine to play with – Berry Brothers was allocated 400 cases of Chateau Margaux compared to 1000 of the 2009 – the top wines were easy to sell.
‘I was amazed that we sold 1500 six-bottle cases of Mouton in the first 24 hours,’ Simon Staples at Berrys said. ‘Haut Brion sold far better than I expected.’
The most significant effect of 2010 has been to finally draw a line between the premier league and other wines – and while most properties have judged nicely which division they belong to, others have not.
Highly-regarded properties like St Emilion first growth Cheval Blanc, its near-neighbour Figeac, Rauzan-Segla in Margaux, and Smith-Haut-Lafitte in the Graves caused controversy with their prices.
‘Woeful – lovely wine but it just won’t sell’, was Staples’ verdict on Figeac. Gary Boom said he wasn’t even offering it.
There is much head-shaking at properties that did not realise that joining the premier league is not simply a case of sticking a €1000 price tag on your wine – ‘you have to take the market with you. It will take years for the market go get used to Smith-Haut-Lafitte at that price,' Staples said.
LVMH-owned Cheval Blanc provoked a veritable storm on Twitter and amongst merchants. One – anonymously – told Decanter.com he thought Cheval’s pricing policy was aimed directly at the Chinese market, ‘and they may well see that they are being fleeced and lose face and turn a very cold shoulder towards Bordeaux.’
Prophetic words indeed. Some days later, Aussino, a major retailer, announced it would not to promote the Medoc Cru Classés on the basis their prices were ‘too dangerous’.
For some merchants, however, it was not prices that slowed things in China this year (although Cheval has done badly), but the allocations.
The first growths, Cos d'Estournel, Lynch Bages, Pontet Canet et al were snapped up. But it could have been a good deal better, if prices had come out quicker and allocations had been bigger.
The campaign was indeed slow, with negociants complaining at the end of May that 100 fewer wines had been released than at the same time the year before. Selling did not start in earnest until 7 June, when Gruaud Larose released, then there were long, dry periods followed by avalanches of releases, in which some properties inevitably got forgotten.
‘It was a missed opportunity,’ Don St Pierre of Shanghai-based importers ASC Fine Wines said. ‘The fact the campaign dragged on so long, the negative publicity about prices, gave some people doubts. Then allocations were small. If we had had decent quantities it had the potential to be a big improvement.’
In the end, Chinese importers are satisfied: the top wines (what merchants call ‘the usual suspects’) the first growths, Lynch Bages, Pontet Canet, Beychevelle, Ducru-Beaucaillou, Grand-Puy-Lacoste did well, the overpriced and the less well-known were stagnant.
‘Far too many wines priced themselves out the game,’ Adam Bilbey at Berry Brothers in Hong Kong told Decanter.com. ‘To name but a few: Lascombes, Smith-Haut-Lafitte, Figeac. There were a lot of wines left in the middle ground that priced themselves too high, thinking they could get away with it like the key chateaux. No-one bought them here.’
The picture that emerges from the three great markets – Europe, the US and China - is one of merchants looking relieved, but slightly peeved. They could have sold more if the prices had been more moderate.
But, as Sylvie Cazes, managing director of Pichon Lalande and president of the Union des Grands Crus said, ‘If they respond to the market, and they sell, then they are the right price.’
Perhaps the last word should go to Will Gardener. ‘Overall we’re pleased. The profits margins are low, but we have sold everything we had. There’s no doubt it’s a great vintage, but it’s bloody hard work.’
This article first appeared on Decanter.com
Posted by Adam Lechmere at 01:35
Bordeaux Gold 20 July 2011 at 02:55
Merchants breathing a sigh of relief financially but customers are not happy and not just because of the prices. I've lost count of the number of people who have told me they are fed up with the barrage of emails and general selling pressure during the campaign. Some negociants are not so happy.
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Adam Lechmere
Editor-at-large, Club Oenologique
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Bordeaux 2010 report: Fatigue, readjustment, and a...
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“Young people gotta live, too…”: Matthew Bright’s ‘Freeway’
*WARNING: THIS POST CONTAINS SPOILERS*
Coming home late the other night and searching aimlessly through the hinterland of Sky channels, I tripped across Zone Thriller (companion channel to Zone Horror, on 322) to find that they were showing Matthew Bright’s ‘Freeway’.
For a while a couple of years ago, Matthew Bright was going to be the next great cult filmmaker, following ‘Freeway’ and ‘Confessions of a Trick Baby’, two films based on fairy tales (Little Red Riding Hood and Hansel and Gretel respectively) – but then something happened. He made a film called ‘Tiptoes’, about a woman falling in love with her new husband’s dwarf brother (played by Gary Oldman on his knees) (no, I’m not kidding) and the Ted Bundy biopic ‘Bundy’ which was slated for its mixing of horrible rape and murder with throwaway comedy. Both of them were not seen by anyone. Since then, nothing. It was like all of a sudden everybody decided he was just too full of wrong.
The thing is, Bright had always been full of Wrong – both ‘Freeway’ and ‘Trick Baby’are twisted, fucked-up, perverted versions of archetypal myths, full of sex and violence. Like the bastard child of John Waters and Russ Meyer, Bright fills his films with vividly drawn characters and over-the-top dialogue. Like when the serial rapist-killer masquerading as a counsellor is quizzing Little Red Vanessa the hitchhiker about her childhood abuse:-
“Say it out loud Vanessa!”
“It felt like I’d been transformed into a human urinal…”
What in retrospect gives the film more of a frisson is the casting. Playing Vanessa, the trashy trailer park girl on the run to her grandmother’s house is (now Oscar-nominated) Reese Witherspoon, while the Big Bad Wolf ‘Bob Wolverton’ is played by America’s newest greatest hero (and extreme torture-junkie) Jack Bauer himself, Kiefer Sutherland. Hearing Kiefer bark lines like “Get your fucking pants down, you fucking cunt!” to a teenage girl he’s planning to rape and murder is weird enough, but seeing him with a fucked-up jaw held together by sticks and wires after he’s been shot in the mouth by Witherspoon, his mouth drooling and distorted, speaking through a voicebox in his throat while he clings onto his prim wife (Brooke Shields, in another example of potentially stunt casting that actual helps the film) makes you realise how out of the mainstream Keifer used to be before ‘24’ put him back into the centre of the American consciousness.
Witherspoon is great in ‘Freeway’ – foul-mouthed, gun-toting, hard as nails, but still somehow sympathetic – probably because she consistently refuses to take any shit from anyone – parents, rapists, police, prison guards. She’s like the classic anti-social rebel from a Fifties B-movie. Except, instead of being a leather-clad biker, she’s a boobtube-wearing teenage girl. (With the follow-up (sometimes known as ‘Freeway 2’) “Confessions of a Trick Baby”, Bright goes even further, pulling off the enviable trick of making us feel sympathetic for a violent, murderous psychopath.)
Towards the end of the film, we move into a kind of ‘women-in-prison’picture (which is picked up and expanded in ‘Confessions of a Trick Baby’), with Witherspoon beating the shit out of the prison’s top dog within minutes of getting in there and inevitable lesbian overtones aplenty – “I’ll make out with you, but no fucking…”, before we head into the final showdown between Vanessa and the Wolf, precipitated by Vanessa’s prison escape and the discovery of Kiefer’s shedfull of young girl porn ( an incident which leads to Brooke Shields messily blowing her brains out in her bathroom.)
The film also features supporting cast stalwart Dan Hedaya, Amanda Plummer (as Vanessa’s prostitute mum) and a young Brittany Murphy, but the film really belongs to Witherspoon, who showed real potential here,far beyond the ‘Legally Blonde’ ditziness (or the ‘Walking the Line’ earnestness) that she’s shown since. Honestly, it’d be great to hear her barking lines like “Fuck you chipmunk face!” to a deformed Keifer Sutherland again…
Posted by Steven Sheil at Wednesday, February 07, 2007
Man-faced cats - to the extreme!
Kicking wasps
Poundslayers (?)
Mayhem Awakening!
“Young people gotta live, too…”: Matthew Bright’s ...
Street Trash: Pricklips and Bum Ooze
Beer, skittles, meat, bones, melting bums
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Tag Archives: Weaves By Cappa
Demos/Schools, Events, Processing
November 30, 2018 acappa
Display – Weaves By Cappa
Preparing for a show seems to take more time than actually being there. Most of what I carry with me are props. My fiber inventory can fit into two armsized bundles, but the rest is everything needed to hold them up. When I started, waaay back in the late ’70s, my first show was in St. Augustine. This was during the “craft explosion” when artists began exhibiting in the streets, not having to wait to get curated into a gallery. It was a colorful, lively, free-for-all and the movement spread across the country. At that first show, I had no booth. I spread out a tarp and laid everything on the ground. One of the judges came by and said, “well, you have some nice work, but you gotta get a booth.” Thinking back, it was nice of him to comment. Many judges today are here and gone without notice, signifying their visit only by a tiny colored dot on your sign. But that li’l exchange started me on my way.
Booth, wood, circa 1980
In 1980, two of my “mainstays” gave me a base to build my craft, my display, and learn the business of taking my art on the road. The Florida Folklife Festival (White Springs) and the Great Gulf Coast Arts Festival (Pensacola) are good examples of how the nature of the show grew with the wide variety of artisans that populated them. Throughout the ’80’s, this “colorful, lively free-for-all” that was an art show reflected alot of styles, handmade booths with colorful tops, and paintings and craftwork spilling out into the aisles. There was no uniformity, and many shows reflected a particular theme.
One was the large Renaissance Festival held at the Ringling Museum grounds in Sarasota. At that show booths were expected to be of either “rustic” or maybe “rococo” design. The rustic ones, like mine, were often built from wood, bamboo poles, or maybe haybales. And at that show were outrageous costumes, sumptuous foods, energetic games, colorful banners on every post, and lots of animals. I took my dog, who parked himself in the aisle in front of my booth, stopping all the ladies who ooh’d and ahh’d over him, then came in to see my weavings. My paper-mache manikin, “Minerva”, was dressed in flowing wraps and scarves. I remember a parade of costumed “gentry”, walking their hounds, knights on horseback throwing spears or playing chess, and maybe a few geese and sheep for some of the demos. I included my spinning wheel and could spin up lots of yarn during that show. My handmade booth was a wooden one I shaped like a hexagon with an arched top. The arch was made of two crossing arcs cut from plywood, which attached to 6 sidewalls & held the whole thing up. It was a chore to set up (let alone carry on top of the car), and when the wind blew, with all my weavings fluttering from the sides- BoHo style, the whole thing creaked like an old boat. I liked that; it added sound to all the visuals. This show had much to attract festival goers and they formed long lines at the front gates, then paraded by, or through, the gigantic banyan trees, or pulled up in their boats at the back docks. All the museum/theater/circus/ and mansion buildings were open. Open for grand times, and grand art!
Booth, pvc. circa mid-’80s
Back in the day, back before state parks dis-allowed open fires, my first heritage demos at the folk festival involved making dyes. I’d start a fire, string a clothesline between trees, gather lots of pots, natural dye plants, and buckets of water and spend the entire weekend dyeing skeins of yarns. They made a colorful display hanging from the trees and below the branches, I rested in my hammock. People were full of curiosity, questions, and some wanted to help. I’d also set up the spinning wheel, and with non-stop music from the nearby stage, I spun my wool, using my “instrument” to jam with the musicians. Visitors not only signed my guest book, but drew pictures across the pages, wrote me notes, or said “hi” to previous names they recognized. To add to this lively space, costumed story-tellers, wandering minstrels and jugglers, and hawkers of watermelon or ice cream would come share their own anecdotes. Those were fun shows!
Nowadays, shows are much more regulated and more focused, from large events with national producers to local shows by a small town art club. Northern shows may involve a different preparation than southern shows. But booths began to reflect more uniformity and eventually, the “norm” of a white tent changed to an obligation. The “booth shot” for a jury must reflect a compatible look for their event. Street shows and parks offer varied settings and may entail an interesting ground surface (bricks or moss?), or backdrop (fencing? pillars?), or a nice tree to frame the shot.
I once had a sprawly crepe myrtle tree within my booth space, which served as a good prop for some shawls. But generally, there’s no more spilling into the aisles, no more spreading from your 10 ft. space into your neighbor’s space, and definitely no fires. But before I got my tent, I built another booth. This one was white pvc. When I leaned on it, it still creaked like an old boat.
Even with a more refined and defined display, there’s much more to setting up than “ready, set, go”. Some artists may have their work laid out in pre-set displays with backdrops of only a poster and some curtains. Others – the ones with heavy art works or large paintings, must set up strong metal frames and high canopies. Some, like me, have a myriad of small parts that seem to fall into a different place at every show- adding confusion, time, and thoughts of “how-did-THAT-get-HERE!” The demos involve more equipment and supplies and the van is packed to the roof. Sometimes, parking near the booth site is not possible and every piece must be dollied, possibly over rough ground or even mud (once – through ankle-deep water). Setting up the whole thing usually takes me three hours. I stayed with those first two shows, the GGAF and the Folklife festival for 33 years, since both allowed me to continue to demonstrate. I’m still with the GGAF, (at this writing, 38 years) and still hauling all the props, equipment, fleeces, mannequin or stands, banners, easels, signs, baskets, floor mats, canopy braces, tent and booth weights … it’s been an interesting ride.
art showboothcraft showdemoWeaves By Cappa
Critters- Wooly, Demos/Schools, Events, Relates to YarnTalk stories, Uncategorized
Ivy and SnoBelle, Adventurous Lambs
June 12, 2018 acappa Leave a comment
Ivy, the lamb, has found a place in my classroom demos. Since I’m a fiber artist, I often introduce myself by way of loading up all the weaving equipment and taking it to show students what I do. Starting with raw wool, it’s processed through carding, dyeing, spinning, and weaving. Often, the kids get hands-on experience by trying the loom and petting and feeding Ivy. Touching her wool, which is soft with natural lanolin, is a perfect way to present “texture”, one of my key concepts in many of the art activities.
Awhile back I started writing about the fiber process
from the sheep’s perspective. Do they wonder why their wool is taken and what happens to it? At the time, SnoBelle, a real lamb, inspired the first chapters of YarnTalk. SnoBelle got her name because she was born in a dark woods late in the night, and in the process of helping her mother, I could hardly see beyond black trees and thick black undergrowth . But the flashlight picked out the new lamb, which shown wet and bright in the darkness, white as snow. From the start, SnoBelle was an adventurer. She grew up to become Ivy’s grandmother.
Ivy is not fond of traveling, but once we arrive at our destination, she’s all for exploring and visiting with anyone who offers her a handout.I didn’t always have a lamb available that was small enough to fit in the car, or friendly or cooperative enough for visits. Ivy, actually two-yrs. old now, turned out to be a dwarf, and a bottlebaby. A neighbor helped feed her, familiarizing her with strangers and many dogs. At school, I give each student a small handful of grain, so that Ivy will go to each one as they sit in a circle and eat out of their hand. It tickles and the kids laugh. (It seems sheep will do anything for grain. Walking into one new classroom, she once made a beeline for the empty hamster cage, and devoured the leftover grain before I could pull her away. ) Hence the sheep’s #1 rule in the stories: “EAT food! ALOT.” Surprising even to me, Ivy follows on a leash and I found that while I’m talking to the class, she doesn’t need to be held and will just hang around and watch. See her in the photo, behind the spinning wheel. Most of our trips are an hour or two visiting a single class, but at one school, she was “on the job” the entire day, interacting with several classes while 200 kids waited in line to pet her. Ivy is a trooper and just as curious and independent as SnoBelle is in the stories.
For school visits, camps or private groups/birthdays, if you’re in the Tally area and would like a visit from Ivy, contact me for more info. You may also see more photos and art activities listed on my pages, “YarnTalk“, “School Presentations“, and “Dyed ‘N Wool Art Activities“.
yarntalk@alicecappa.com
demolambschoolsheepspinningWeaves By Cappaweaving
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How to Avoid the Unexpected Costs of Language Testing
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Home Free Essays Public Sociology A Discussion For And Against
Public Sociology – a discussion for and against.
This essay was produced by one of our professional writers as a learning aid to help you with your studies
Discuss the arguments for and against a critically charged and politically involved Public Sociology
It may be argued that sociology is of activist origins, propelled by a desire to comprehend, diagnose and ultimately administer solutions to societal ailments. However, with the advent of scientific discourse, especially the rise of so-called hard sciences, the discipline has been absorbed into the pedagogic realm of social-science which seeks to emulate its empirical cousin and take residence within the ivory tower of academia, virtuous in its efforts to seek objectivism, value-freedom and political abstinence. The purpose of this essay is to explore the proposition that sociology should reclaim its identity, expanding its imagination (Mills 1959) as a politically engaged agent tasked with improving society through a critical dialogue with various institutions and actors. This essay will consider the contention offered by some of sociology’s founding fathers, particularly Marx and Engels (1848) and Durkheim (1972), that sociology should be at the vanguard of social engagement and change – a citadel of moral and intellectual purity, a ‘philosopher king’ (Plato 1993: 109). By extension, this essay will include a critique of the academic milieu in which sociology resides, addressing the dispute that it has become colonised and thus compromised by wider market and political forces and thus incapable of functioning as an independent agent of knowledge and change.
The proposition of a Public Sociology is not a recent phenomenon. In fact, the founding progenitors envisaged a discipline actively engaged with the political milieu and public lifeworld. Indeed, Durkheim (1972), conceiving of a social world underpinned by tangible laws – reiterating Comte’s (1988: 33) ‘science of society’ – predicted that sociologists would become aides-de-camp to the state, revered intellects who would influence policy and legislature. By contrast, Marx and Engels (1848) were interested in the dissemination of knowledge to the grass-roots or proletariat – to reawaken their collective consciousness and engender a rebellious will-to-power (Nietzsche 2014) against the prevailing capitalist system. Importantly, despite its definition, sociology was less interested in the comprehension of social life per se: rather it was obsessed with the noxious configurations that comprised society, mournful of the crippling and incarcerating effects these had on humanity’s potential and species-being (Marx and Engels 1991). This remains a dominating theme within sociology today: the field of critical theory has almost reached a level of ‘theoretical saturation’ (Bryman 2004:544) inasmuch as abuses against civilisation on grounds of (for example) gender, class, race and creed have been researched and articulated repeatedly in pedagogic discourse, simply restructured in linguistic hyperbole to pass as authentic. By contrast, Weber (1989) was concerned with maintaining abstinence from the political arena, endorsing scientific mastery and the conduct of research for its own virtue i.e. ‘as a vocation’ (78); sociology held no greater esteem over the value-laden judgements of social-political discourse and must thereforelimit public discussion to the classrooms.
The debate regarding sociology’s public face was again revitalised by Mills (1959) who, acknowledging a gross depreciation in the social lifeworld, offered a critical assessment of his field, which had abandoned its public calling, instead becoming captivated by the power and prestige (including resources) offered by academia. The discipline had succumbed to institutionalisation, a servant of the university and its preoccupation with quantifiable (profitable) results, professionalism and its self-image as a reputable organisation. By extension, as a business, academia pandered to powerful organisations (purse holders) like the state and private shareholders; exploration was only authorised and noteworthy if it aligned with the demands and/or values of a minority who possess the architectural means of production (Zsolnai and Gasparski 2002). Also, Parker and Jary (1995) allude to the notion that sociology is subject to the McUniversity, whereby the fixation of budgets, time restraints and production of (quantifiable) articles, books and graduates has a detrimental effect on the vibrancy and eclecticism of its sociological imagination (Mills 1959), thereby crippling any possibility for politicking – scientific absence is the prevailing episteme or ideology (Gouldner 1971). Thus, sociology is not only accused of abandonment but also of participating in a form of symbolic violence inasmuch as it retains potentially empowering or life-giving knowledge, which it retrieves from an ailing world, to secure its own somewhat tentative (albeit profitable) status as a soft ad-hoc science. As Luck (2007) ably posits, this negative label cast on the back of sociology is based on ‘not so much its actions but failing to act’ (140). In addition, Gouldner (1971) had contended that, awkwardly aware of it betrayal and desperately seeking to generate a credible facade, sociology provides lip-service or commiseration and an imitated gesture of desire for social change.
Yet some have argued that sociology has required time to solidify itself and create a scholarly community based not only on substantive research but also camaraderie, interdependency and trust (Adair-Toteff 1995) from which a new breed of intellect could arise, unfettered by self-interest, and rather concerned with improving society and seeking to reinvigorate and enhance its intellectual flare through public engagement. As Marx and Engels (1848: 3) asserted: ‘philosophers have interpreted the world […] the point however is to change it!’. Therefore, sociology should be less concerned with holding onto the tailcoats of so-called hard sciences, and focus on harnessing its own methodology to irradiate, disseminate and help transform the social milieu – to become a participatory agent in the (re)creation of society. Indeed, the political life of Boudieu (1993) is often regarded as a prime example of the kinds of dirty work sociologists should be engaged in; having witnessed the venomous social disparities of a failing and unjust French society, he took to the streets in numerous political protests. This constitutes a form of academic bricolage (Hebdige 1988) whereby normative procedures and forms of professionalism prolific within the pedagogic milieu – designed to confine scholars to specific predefined scripts of conduct – are broken or otherwise inverted. His actions as a scholarly activist serve as a template for today’s sociologists; a reminded of their role involves dirty work or aligning themselves with ordinary people in a bid to better understand social angsts – thereby enhancing epistemologies and methodologies – and subsequently improve society. As a result, Bourdieu (1993) suggested that, only through public engagement could sociology develop an augmented, rich and powerful knowledge-base, otherwise it would simply be masquerading as a social-scientific field.
Thus, Chomsky and Otero (2004) denote that we must fashion a more reflexive sociology (third-order understanding) – to analyse and remodify the pedagogic habitus – capable of comprehending often subtle and taken-for-granted interconnections, like the asymmetrical interplay of power, capital and playing fields within academia, that affect and hinder the discipline. Sociology must be aware of its own metaphorical blind spot – its arrogances and handicaps – and critically engage in reciprocated policing within its various subfields and other interdependent social-sciences. As Bourdieu (1988) advocated, being self-critical will facilitate a comfortability in one’s own skin and ultimately strengthen the field’s core. Indeed, as Murji (2007) argues, sociology remains a host to external asymmetries such that a white middle-class male continues to demarcate the archetypal modern-day sociologist. In a similar vein, as Ossewaarde (2007) alludes, sociological productions are overwhelmingly driven by and imbued with Westernised ideals, values and perspectives, specifically those fashioned in the United States: this is obviously indicative of wider societal inequalities that belittle or otherwise disadvantage other countries not befitting first-world status. Also, as Parenti (1995) suggests, the types of research revered most are typically those aligned with empiricism (e.g. statistics, quantification, reports) and policy-centred. As a result, somewhat idealistically, Burawoy (2005) advocates an academic revolution within sociology to generate a more equitable playing field.
Despite the criticism inferred on sociology, concerning its diminished public identity and seeing it as a hotbed of malignance, many have come to its defence. For example, Hossfeld and Nyden (2005) have contended that an ASA Task Force has been created to reclaim sociological presence within the political, offering incentives and promotional positions to eligible scholars interested in disseminating the sociological imagination to wider audiences. Also, Kalleberg (2005) recognises the existing efforts made to produce jargon-free literature and broadcasts that pertain to parochial as well as (inter)national issues. Similarly, as Skeggs and Deem (2003) note, especially following the cultural turn, face-to-face and in-depth engagements with the public, including those disadvantaged groups such as women, the working-class and ethnic minorities, have intensified with the rise of qualitative methodologies. Hence, there remains active engagement and participation by sociologists with extra-academic cohorts, alluding to the fact that sociology can synthesise professionalism with public involvement; a by-product of this is the emancipatory and empowering effects such engagements can generate. However, proclaiming that sociologists should uproot and become heretical scholars is a monumental ask; one that threatens their very ontological wellbeing i.e. their reputation, financial security, friendships and way of life could be jeopardised in the process of transgression – one might even envisage a social death for those daring to try (Shilling 2003). By extension, such an act would invariably compromise the already fragile reputation of sociology; opening its doors to the public would risk its credibility and entice the stigmatised label (Goffman 1990) of just another fanatical ‘ism’ to be discarded alongside the other failed idealistic enterprises, such as Marxism and Feminism (Brady 2004).
In addition, given the fact that sociology is inhabited by a diverse and deeply opinionated cohort of intellects who occupy a range of paradigms, it is unlikely that (in the near future anyway) such individuals will collectively march in unison under the banner of a Public Sociology. Yet it might be plausible for sociology to formulate a democratically charged governing body that could represent the standpoints of a majority force; elected representatives may perhaps serve as champions charged with proliferating ideas and findings and leaving society to decide what, if anything, should be done with them. That said, Nielson (2004) makes the important point that there is a massive incongruence between the ideal and somewhat advanced heuristic devices and ideas generated within the pedagogic milieu and the realities of the social lifeworld; the latter remains a comparatively primitive figuration of ideologies and values incapable or unready to assimilate the ideas of the former. The mind is a cursed thing, it permits us to envisage infinitely wonderful (utopian) worlds where societal processes operate as a beautiful symphony unchecked by toxic social phenomena, histories, idiosyncrasies and other variants that make reality a constant work-in-progress of ebbs and flows, of civility and barbarism, of progress and regression (Parenti 1995). As a result, in true Weberian tradition, Nielson (2004) contends that sociology has no superior ‘right of way’ (33) in public-political affairs. Instead, we should concern ourselves with aiding the present or aligning ourselves with the spirit of the times (zeitgeist). In the end, the question of sociology’s public identity continues to be a hotly debated concept, its actual realisation requires a level of faith and risk and remains (in large) something to behold.
This essay has sought to detail the various arguments for and against a politically engaged Public Sociology – a controversy that has reigned since the subject’s inception and one that continues in a somewhat recurring pattern throughout its development. Indeed, as sociology becomes increasingly self-reflexive and more substantiated in its understanding of social processes, the urge for argumentation regarding its identity and role within society becomes greater. As this essay shows, there is certainly a moral imperative or compulsion within sociology to irradiate asymmetrical discourses that cripple humanity’s potential and subsequently assist in emancipating ourselves from them; this urge is expected given that we are sentient and empathic beings. However, this essay has also acknowledged the possible detriment that may befall sociology in such a venture. Moreover, we have explored the various external forces that contribute to the overall condition of the sociological paradigm; the discipline is imprinted with numerous inequalities and is persuaded greatly by market and political demands to the disadvantage of forming a Public Sociology. Finally, the issue of individual differences, whilst not extensively explored, will remain a long-lasting dilemma as we attempt to reconcile our differences, and harness our collective research and experiences to develop a legitimate and democratically-orientated discipline suitably equipped, confident and competent in participating within wider society.
Adair-Toteff, C. 1995. Ferdinand Tonnies: Utopian Visionary. Sociological Theory. Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 58-65.
Bourdieu, P. 1993. The field of cultural reproduction. Polity: Cambridge.
Bourdieu, P. 1988. Homo Academicus. Polity: Cambridge.
Brady, D. 2004. Why public sociology may fail. Social Forces. Vol. 82, No.4 pp. 1629-1638.
Bryman, A. 2004. Social Research Methods. 2ND Edition. Oxford University Press: Oxford.
Burawoy, M. 2005. The return of the repressed: recovering the public face of U.S. Sociology, One hundred years on. ANNALS. Vol 600, No. 1, pp. 68-85.
Chomsky, N. Otero, C. 2004. Language and Politics. AK Press: London.
Comte, A. 1988. Introduction to Positive Philosophy. Oxford University Press: Oxford.
Durkheim, E. 1972. Emile Durkheim: Selected Writings, ed and trans. Giddens, A. Cambridge University Press.
Goffman, I. 1990. Stigma: Notes on the Management of Spoiled Identity. Penguin Press
Gouldner, A. 1971. The coming crisis of Western Sociology. Heinemann: London.
Hebdige, D. 1988. Subculture: the meaning of style. London: Routledge.
Hossfeld,L. Nyden, P. 2005. Public Sociology: Research, Action, and Change. Sage Publications: London.
Kalleberg, R. 2005. What is Public Sociology? Why and how should it be made stronger? The British Journal of Sociology. Vol. 56, No. 3, pp. 387-393.
Luck, P. 2007. Sociology as a practice in humanity: Noam Chomsky, Howard Zinn, and Social Responsibility. Critical Sociology. Vol. 33, No. 5-6, pp. 937-956.
Marx. K. Engels, F. 1991. The German Ideology. Lawrence and Wishart: London.
Marx. K. Engels, F. 1848. The Communist Manifesto. Penguin Books: London
Mills, C. 1959. The Sociological Imagination. Oxford University Press: New York.
Murji, K. 2007. Sociological Engagements: Institutional Racism and Beyond. Sociology. Vol. 41, No. 5, pp. 843-855.
Nielson, F. 2004. The vacant ‘we’: remarks on public sociology. Social Forces. Vol. 82, No.4, pp. 1619-1628.
Nietzsche, F. 2014. Beyond good and evil. Penguin Press.
Ossewaarde, M. 2007. Sociology Back to the Publics. Sociology. Vol. 4, No. 5, pp. 799-812.
Parenti, M. 1995. Against Empire. San Francisco: City Lights.
Parker, M. Jary, D. 1995. The McUniversity: Organisation, management and academic subjectivity. Organisation. Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 118-319.
Plato. 1993. Republic. Oxford University Press: Oxford.
Shilling, C. 2003. The body and social theory. 2nd edition. Sage Publications: London.
Skeggs, B. Deem, R. 2003. Feminist research methods. Sage Publications: London.
Weber, M. 1989. Science as a Vocation. Unwin Hyman: London.
Zsolnai, L. Gasparski, W. 2002. Ethics and the future of capitalism, praxeology: The international annual of practical philosophy and methodology. Transaction Publishers: London.
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Internet Verse Search Commentaries Word Analysis ITL - draft
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1 tn Grk “him”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
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TIP #25: What tip would you like to see included here? Click "To report a problem/suggestion" on the bottom of page and tell us. [ALL]
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Bronislaw Huberman: “naked in charm and virtuosity?”
Robert Lawrence wrote on 18 January 1943 for the New York Herald Tribune the following questions: ‘Does the playing of German masterworks presuppose the negation of the suavity and rich timbre contributed by the Russian School? Is a critic wrong or esthetically blunted in decrying a performance that offers playing strong in its fidelity to the music but almost naked in charm and virtuosity?’ Although Lawrence argues that Huberman is a ‘great musician’, he prefers not to evaluate his performance. Nevertheless, he concludes his review suggesting that those ‘who prefer a constant flow of tonal amenities would be disappointed.’
Similarly, Thomas Archer of The Gazette in Montreal wrote on 20 November 1944 that there may be other violinists that may surpass Huberman ‘in the production of tone, but there are none … who do so in magnitude of ideas and closeness of approach to a composer’s intention.’
Alan Branigan wrote on 19 December 1944 for the Evening News Newarld: ‘a few scratched notes, a bow placed on the strings with a definitive crash, blurred runs and other unconventionalities… the effect was more fetching than some of the soulless smoothness we have heard on occasion.’
Posted in Music, Performance, Reviews, Concert reviews | No Comments »
Bronislaw Huberman: “like a cultured angel”
On 19 October 1942 Irving Kolodin of The New York Sun wrote: ‘Mr. Huberman’s "Chaconne", in mere physical terms, was a good deal more composed than his playing of the "Kreutzer" sonata. Here the surge of music too often force Mr. Huberman into sheer abuse of the violin, as counterpart to the sections in which he made it sing like a cultured angel."
The St. Louis Daily Globe-Democrat wrote on 21 November 1942 wrote: "After an ovation which recalled him again and again at the concert’s close he played Bach as an encore. The greatest Bach this reviewer has heard – so poised it was, so serene – a very flow of faith which suddenly illuminated this reviewer’s knowledge that the violinist would worship and talk on his life in Palestine with his co-religionists at Temple Shaare Emeth last night.
Serenity of soul was in his Brahms [Violin Concerto], and overmastered the virtuosity which was its foundation. This attainment left him mannerisms, so that he appeared a gnome-like figure bent over his violin to rise to his full stature as its aspiration was completely realized in the poignant beauty of exquisite tone.’
Felix Herce wrote at the Excelsior from Mexico wrote on 20 February 1942: "somebody who hears Huberman for the first time will feel himself overwhelmed by the diabolic power with which the artist dominates his violin, enraptured by the docility or the mechanism, for which difficulties do not exist, opening to fantasy an unlimited space, giving to his violin the most divine breath of the human voice and arousing with his profundity the innermost sentiments of the soul’.
Posted in Music, Performance, Research, Reviews, Concert reviews | No Comments »
Huberman’s performance: ‘a living soul’
L. S. from the Winnipeg Free Press wrote on 18 February 1941: ‘Not to have heard Mr. Huberman would have been to miss a wonderful revelation in the Mendelssohn concerto, from example, of the tender unfolding of the phrase from within; on an instrument that in the language of the bible, became a living soul in the Bach Adagio and Fugue in G minor and the Andante in the Bach’s a Minor Sonata; of Handel performance (the sonata in D major) that seemed a dedication that all that was lovely on earth… The warmth beneath the easy melody could not be missed; the listeners could not help realizing the sum of human experiences that spoke out of this first work on the programme.’
Posted in Music, Performance, Research, Musicology in Israel, Reviews, Concert reviews | No Comments »
Bronislaw Huberman: the cherubim descended at the recall to play
Carl Bronson wrote at The Los Angeles Evening Herald and Express of 16 April 1937: ‘the results of [Huberman’s] … magnificent musical ideals are overwhelming. His violinresponds to every whim, and these are many, as this very unusual Paganini draws from the wood and strings his celestial idioms… Strange to say, Huberman looks as did Brahm’s friend Remenyi and the concerto sounds more Hungarian than German. Merely coincidence, but very interesting.’
The Smith’s Weekly from Sydney Australia wrote on 23 June 1937: ‘Short of stature, stern of mien, with grave eyes that calmly surveyed the crowded Sydney Town Hall without apparent interest; prominent brows surmounted by a massive dome of forehead; pouted lip, compressed in a thin line of individual character almost as forbidding in its seriousness as the mask of Beethoven – Bronislaw Huberman … bowed solemnly when he appeared at his first concert on Saturday night.’
Thorold Waters of The Sun News-Pictorial from Melbourne, Australia wrote on 12 July 1937: ‘It was a though one of the cherubim [angels] descended at the recall to play the Andante from the Third Partita, spiritually the most serene Bach performance Melbourne has enjoyed on any instrument, or set of them, for ever so long.’
The Argus Monday wrote on 26 July 1937: ‘The popular conception of Delius as an enfeebled visionary found no echo in Huberman’s dynamic reading of the composer’s only violin concerto. Not alone a great musical performance, but a psychological study of significance and power, this interpretation revealed the authentic Delius, whose proud, secretive, and indomitable temperament rose superior to paralysis and loss of sight.’
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E Wayne Ross
Critical Theories in Education
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Tag Archives: UBCClean
Comments on Academic Freedom at the University of British Columbia
Delivered at “Breakfast with the Dean” panel April 21, 2016
E. Wayne Ross, PhD
First of all I would like to thank Dean Blye Frank for inviting me to participate on this panel and thanks to all of you for coming out this morning to participate in a discussion on academic freedom.
On the surface, it’s easy to be pro-academic freedom, kind of like being for mom and apple pie. But, academic freedom is a contested issue in universities (and schools, but that is a very different matter).
The Canadian Association of University Teachers (CAUT), describes a number of major academic freedom cases in Canada ranging from the University of Manitoba blocking a documentary film that reports findings of research on genetically modified crops; to irregularities that lead to the suspension of David F. Noble’s appointment to an endowed chair at Simon Fraser University; to Mary Bryson, the Faculty’s senior associate dean, and her battle with UBC over intellectual property rights. The arbitration decision in the Bryson case is described by CAUT as “landmark in the struggle to insure that faculty, not administrators, determine the content of courses.”[1]
In recent years there has been international attention given to the academic freedom cases of Professors Norman G. Finkelstein and Steven Salaita, who lost jobs as a result of social justice scholarship and activism, in particular, criticisms of Israel’s policies toward Palestinians living under occupation.
Threats to academic freedom are real and have a long history in Canadian postsecondary education and beyond.
CAUT defines academic freedom, in part, as including:
the right, without restriction by prescribed doctrine, to freedom to teach and discuss; freedom to carry out research and disseminate and publish the results thereof; freedom to produce and perform creative works; … freedom to express one’s opinion about the institution, its administration, and the system in which one works; … Academic freedom always entails freedom from institutional censorship.
Academic freedom does not require neutrality on the part of the individual. Academic freedom makes intellectual discourse, critique, and commitment possible.
Academic staff must not be hindered or impeded in exercising their civil rights as individuals including the right to contribute to social change through free expression of opinion on matters of public interest. Academic staff must not suffer any institutional penalties because of the exercise of such rights. [2]
In short academic freedom is essential to the mission of the university.
Dean Frank asked the members of this` panel to focus on issues of academic freedom in light of the current search to fill the new UBC position of Senior Advisor to the Provosts on Academic Freedom.
My first thought was that if we have provosts who need advisors on academic freedom, maybe they shouldn’t be provosts, really. But, perhaps I’m being too glib, even for a short breakfast talk.
Of course the creation of this new advisory position is the result of controversy created by the former chair of the UBC Board of Governors, John Montalbano, when he interfered with the academic freedom of Sauder School Professor Jennifer Berdahl, after she blogged about UBC President Arvind Gupta’s “resignation” after 13 months in office.[3]
Oh, wait a minute. Let me correct myself, like many of UBC’s self-investigation exercises the external report on the Berdahl case, written by former justice Lynn Smith, did not find fault with any individual university administrators.
“No individual intended to interfere with Dr. Berdahl’s academic freedom, or made a direct attempt to do so… However, sometimes several relatively small mistakes can lead to a failure of the larger system.”
Despite whatever good intentions might lurk behind the creation of the new academic freedom advisor position – and I do believe that its existence is primarily a public relations effort – at best this position is a band-aid on a life-threatening wound and at worse it is yet another diversion – a manifestation of an ideological stance that is widely held in society and practically hegemonic in universities—liberal neutrality. I’ll briefly address both of these circumstances.
Corporatization of the University (The life-threatening wound)
The corporate takeover of education at the K-12 and postsecondary levels, facilitated is by governments that might best be described as executive committees of the rich.
The trouble begins when the framework for understanding the nature and aims of education and scholarship is as a tool vital for economic success. As Thomas Docherty argues in his book Universities at War, the university has become a servant of the national and provincial economies in the context of globalization. Its driving principles of private and personal enrichment are understood as necessary conditions of progress and modernity.
Docherty sees this circumstances as a radical impoverishment of the university’s capacities to extend human possibilities and freedoms, to seek earnestly for social justice, and to participate in the endless need for the extension of democracy. Docherty argues that we must take sides in this matter because market fundamentalists are on the march and the war is being fought not just for scholars but also for a more democratic, more just, more emancipatory way of life.
The Problem of “Liberal neutrality”
In her article “Why I’m Not a Liberal,” Robin Marie Averback argues that
“In the liberal imagination, education and accommodation are self-evident solutions, since the problem can neither be understood as a matter of brute power struggles nor as a product of structural inequality fundamental to the functioning of entire institutions … You can’t choose a side when liberalism insists there are no sides at all.”[4]
This notion, helps to explain how the Smith Report on the Berdahl academic freedom case creates a victim without a victimizer. This is a pattern played out in numerous instances at UBC in recently. See, for example, the reports on:
the privacy breach related to documents on the Arvind Gupta imbroglio[5]
Commerce Undergraduate Society Frosh Week “rape chants”[6]
UBC handling of sexual assault complaints[7]
Averback reminds us of the picture book version of social justice that we often see on walls of community centres,
“In this picture book version of social justice struggle, no one ever opposes freedom’s forward march. All the oppressed need to do is rise up and assert themselves; the world they are fighting for is realized simply by the act of self-declaration.”
At UBC everybody seems to be for academic freedom. It’s like a picture book version of academic freedom. But in the all-administrative university – a phrase coined by Benjamin Ginsberg in his book The Fall of the Faculty – the response of the administration to an academic freedom crisis is the creation of yet another administrative position, aimed at educating and accommodating.
This reminds me of a comment someone made in the context of the recent UBC Board of Governors debacle(s) and the compromised Presidential Search Committee, “UBC doesn’t need a new driver, because the problem is with the car.”
Here are some academic freedom issues that the new position will like never come close to addressing:
Corporate influence on campus academic programs and research.[8]
Faculty loss of control over academic programs (such as the teacher education program in our faculty)
Respectful workplace statements that become instruments that encourage bullying and mobbing of faculty with dissenting points of view or who merely ask questions that make people uncomfortable;
Middle managers, like those in Sauder, who intervene like their corporate counterparts to threaten the rank and file on issues of solidarity and criticism of management (e.g., the recent UBCFA no confidence vote);
People like those faculty members who have warned UBC Professor Jonathan Ichikawa (sponsor of the UBCFA no-confidence vote in the Board of Governors) that his activism would negatively affect his advancement at the university;
Students/faculty self-funding themselves;
Administrative efforts to “right-size” academic programs;
Tenure and promotion committees that forego evaluative reading of faculty scholarship and instead focus on impact factors or the amount of external dollars won in competitions.
When no one is understood as protecting a position of power (liberal neutrality) how do we combat these threats to academic freedom? I don’t think the answer is by appointing an advisor to the provost.
To what degree are the new policies for academic speech inscribed in academic work, regardless of where it’s done? As the academic workplace is increasingly displaced and distributed, are academic policies displaced and distributed as well? Observed at work, monitored at home and tracked in between—these are not so much choices as the cold reality of 21st century academic work.[9]
BC Premier Christy Clark has warned provincial postsecondary institutions that they must do a better job of producing graduates who meet the needs of the private sector (2014 Throne Speech). What happens to academic freedom when universities are cast as servants to the provincial or national “economic success?”
[1] CAUT, Major Academic Freedom Cases: http://www.caut.ca/issues-and-campaigns/academic-freedom/academic-freedom-cases
[2] See full CAUT statement on academic freedom here: https://www.caut.ca/about-us/caut-policy/lists/caut-policy-statements/policy-statement-on-academic-freedom – sthash.0grFSra5.dpuf
[3] http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/ubc-chair-john-montalbano-resigns-after-report-finds-academic-freedom-not-protected-1.3272776
[4] https://www.jacobinmag.com/2014/07/why-im-not-a-liberal/
[5] http://universitycounsel.ubc.ca/files/2016/03/D-Loukidelis-Report-on-UBC-FOI-Processes-final-7-Mar-16.pdf
[6] http://president.ubc.ca/files/2013/09/Fact-Finding-Report-copy.pdf
[7] http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ubc-sexual-assaults-complaints-expulsion-1.3328368
[8] See government appointments to UBC Board and U of Calgary/Enbridge relationship: http://www.cbc.ca/beta/news/canada/calgary/caut-ucalgary-uofc-dru-marshall-david-robinson-1.3531851
[9] See Petrina, Ross, & Mathison (2015). Threat convergence: The new academic work, bullying, mobbing and freedom. Workplace: A Journal for Academic Labor, 24, 58-69. Retrieved from http://ices.library.ubc.ca/index.php/workplace/article/view/186137/185332
Posted in The Corporate University and tagged academic freedom, Arvind Gupta, Benjamin Ginsberg, Canadian Associate of University Teachers, CAUT, higher education, ideology, Jennifer Berdahl, John Montalbano, neoliberalism, Norman G. Finkelstein, Post-secondary education, Robin Marie Averback, Steven Salaita, The Corporate University, Thomas Docherty, UBC, UBC Board of Governors, UBCClean, University of British Columbia on April 21, 2016 by E Wayne Ross. 1 Comment
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Blue Devil Nation
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BDN Football Friday: Spring update, to ease the pain
March 17, 2012 Patrick Cacchio
Duke hosted Mallard Creek WR Marquez North earlier this spring
It has been suggested that writing a spring update on Duke Football might help make the nightmares about mountain hawks go away, so here it is. In fact, there’s actually a lot to be excited about with regards to Duke Football. Yeah, yeah, we always say that and then we’re all disappointed come the fall. But you’ve got to see the forest instead of the trees, people!
Recruiting off to a hot start
Ok, show of hands. How many of you just went and checked the Duke 2013 commitment list when you read that sub-headline? Or, another way of asking the same question, how many of you have been following Duke Football recruiting during basketball season? Well, either way, you’ve probably figured out that Duke has yet to secure a verbal commitment in the class of 2013. (Saturday afternoon edit: Duke landed a commitment from QB Quay Chambers and OL Austin Davis this morning)
So, how can recruiting be off to a hot start? Generally speaking, you’ve got to get a prospect on campus if you have any hope of landing a commitment, and Coach Cutcliffe and his staff have hosted an impressive list of visitors already this spring. In fact, Duke has already had more than 10 members of the ESPNU150 Watch List (an unofficial list of the top 300 HS rising seniors in the country) on campus in Durham. Most recently, the Blue Devils had 9 top targets in the class of 2013 on campus for the North Carolina basketball game, including Watch List members WR Marquez North, LB Peter Kalambayi, OL Mike McGlinchey, and OL Tyrone Crowder. The coaching staff has been in contact early and often with a number of other Watch List members, including several on the West Coast, and hope to host several more visitors later this spring and summer. As you know, we’ll continue to bring you the best coverage of Duke Football and Duke Football Recruiting around.
Duke WR Conner Vernon scores his 1st of 2 TDs against Tulane last year -BDN Photo
Spring practice highly competitive
The Blue Devils returned to the field this past week to start the second half of their spring practice, and the competition level has been at its highest in the Cutcliffe era. We checked in with WR Conner Vernon earlier this week, and he confirmed that across the board, Duke is a deeper and more competitive team. The Blue Devils return 17 starters this fall, but each of those players will be pushed by younger players on the depth chart. Let’s take a look at a few examples.
The Duke defense loses two of its leaders to graduation in S Matt Daniels and NG Charlie Hatcher, but there is real competition to fill their starting job. At safety, Walt Canty, Jordon Byas, and August Campbell will be projected to start heading into the fall, but they are being pushed everyday in practice by newcomer Jeremy Cash, former WR Brandon Braxton, and youngsters such as Chris Tavarez and Britton Grier. Also, it can’t be ruled out that Issac Blakeney won’t see some time on defense, as he has established himself as one of the team’s best pass-rushers last spring from the safety position. To fill Hatcher’s void up front, the Blue Devils have Jamal Bruce, along with two 300-pound players in Will Bryant (recently returned from injury) and Steven Ingram. To put it in March Madness terms, I wouldn't "go Sharpie" on anyone's starting job quite yet.
On the offensive side of the ball, the Blue Devils have struggled in the red zone in recent years. The coaching staff has utilized an option style attack with Brandon Connette or Anthony Boone under center. Fans and media alike have questioned the success of this approach, as it seemed to lack creativity and often stalled drives. This year, however, it appears that won’t be the case. Coach Cutcliffe has used the “best 22 players” mantra as a focus for this offseason, and the quarterback position has been one of the most impacted. With three players with significant game experience under center in Sean Renfree, Connette, and Boone, Duke is looking at ways to put all of their weapons on the field, especially in red zone situations. Based on early returns from this spring, both Boone and Connette will not only be used under center, but also at tailback and tight end. As two of the better athletes on the roster, these alignments, if nothing else, should have fans excited for the fall.
Kenny Anunike granted 6th year of eligibility
This is big-time news. Duke defensive end Kenny Anunike has been granted a sixth year of eligibility by the NCAA. Based on the ruling, he is eligible to participate in the 2012 and 2013 football seasons.
A 6-5, 250-pound native Galena, Ohio, Anunike appeared in four games last fall before suffering a season-ending knee injury against Tulane. Prior to the injury, he was leading the ACC in quarterback sacks (4.0) and was credited with 13 total tackles including five for loss on the year. Anunike has not participated in spring drills while recovering from knee surgery performed last fall.
Anunike also missed the 2008 season while recovering from knee surgery. He played in all 12 games in 2009 as a reserve tight end before shifting to the defensive line, where he registered 23 tackles in 12 games during the 2010 campaign.
Kelby Brown undergoes 2nd ACL repair
Duke rising junior Kelby Brown underwent his 2nd ACL repair on February 22, putting his health for the 2012 season into question. The revision surgery was performed on Wednesday by Dr. Claude T. Moorman III, Duke’s head team physician and the director of Duke Sports Medicine. Brown originally injured the knee on November 20, 2010 against Georgia Tech, and underwent surgery weeks later. He re-injured the knee earlier in February 2012.
A 6-2, 220-pound native of Matthews, N.C., Brown has played in 19 games with 17 starting assignments over the past two years. Last year, he led Duke in tackles for loss (7.0) while posting 65 total stops and received the program’s Mike Curtis Award as Duke’s most outstanding linebacker.
Brown’s career totals include 128 tackles, 12.5 tackles for loss, 3.0 sacks, four fumble recoveries, one caused fumble, three pass breakups and seven quarterback pressures. In addition, he is a two-time selection to the Academic All-ACC squad.
Should Kelby not be available to play this fall, he does have a redshirt year available, and would therefore still have two years of eligibility remaining. It should also be noted that WR Conner Vernon pointed to Kelby's younger (but bigger) brother, Kyler, as one of the young Blue Devils who has been most impressive this spring.
Preferred walk-on program thriving
Ok, so I don’t leave you in Negative Town, let’s talk about another bright spot for the Duke Football program. Since Coach Cutcliffe’s arrival, he has built the walk-on program at Duke into an asset for Duke Football. First, allow me to give you some perspective.
A 5’10” 165 pound, slow-footed freshman from upstate New York enrolled at Duke a few (I mean several – ok, fine, it was over a decade) years ago, and within his welcome packet to the university, he received a letter inviting him to walk on to the football team. While I did not elect to subject my body to the punishment of collegiate football, I imagine several other equally qualified freshmen received similar letters back then, and some probably did. Flash forward to 2012, and Duke Football secures a commitment from one of the top 10 long snappers in the nation…as a preferred walk-on.
Slightly different use of the walk-on program, eh? Last week’s commitment from Thomas Hennessy was just the latest among several preferred walk-ons for the program. When Coach Cutcliffe arrived in Durham, he had one quarterback to get through spring practice. This year, he has seven, including two preferred walk-ons. That’s seven QBs to practice snaps under center, seven QBs to practice handoffs to RBs, seven QBs to practice routes with WRs, and seven QBs for defenders to pass rush. Across the board, the walk-ons that Coach Cutcliffe have brought in have improved the program by allowing for more reps and more productive practices. While many of these preferred walk-ons may not make a significant individual contribution to the box score, they make their teammates better everyday in practice.
Sweet, I knew I could make it through an article without mentioning Peyton Manning (he's been working out at Duke, in case you've been living under a rock). So, I haven’t forgotten about Football Friday, but my schedule simply doesn’t allow me to commit the time needed to it. But I’ll make a deal with you, since we’re all feeling down today. This won’t be the last football update you read this spring. We’ll keep it coming, as time allows. And also, we’ll have lots of prospect interviews and several updates from current players and coaches as we head towards the spring game – March 31, Wallace Wade Stadium, 1:00 PM ET. Be there. I’ll be looking for you.
WE ARE DUKE.
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Elite 2013 OT Mike McGlinchey comes away impressed by Duke visit
March 4, 2012 Patrick Cacchio
6'9" Mike McGlinchey is one of the top OT prospects in the country
As the Duke Football coaching staff works to improve the 2012 Blue Devils on the field this spring, they're also looking forward to the 2013 recruiting class. Already this spring, several top 2013 prospects have toured the Duke campus and football facilities. This past weekend, Duke welcomed 9 top prospects to Durham, headlined by one of the top offensive line prospects in the country. Mike McGlinchey is a 6'9" 275 pound offensive tackle prospect from the William Penn Charter School in Philadelphia. His combination of strength and size has placed him squarely at the top of new OL Coach John Latina's recruiting board. Having coached several NFL linemen during his tenures at Notre Dame, Ole Miss, and Clemson, Coach Latina now looks to continue his success with the Blue Devils in Durham. McGlinchey is exactly the type of prospect with the skills to succeed at Duke, both on and off the field. With 20 scholarship offers, however, the big lineman will have his choice of schools; the Blue Devils are among those who have made a good early impression. [private]
BDN: How would you describe your strengths as a player?
I’m getting recruited to play offensive tackle and I guess they like me because of my length and my size and stuff like that. Also, as a player, I’m very physically sound, I have fast, quick feet and I like to finish blocks. It’s a good combination, I guess, for college coaches to look at.
BDN: What are you working on this offseason as you prepare for your senior year?
Just to keep getting stronger as a whole, physically, and being able to move faster and have better feet. I’m just trying to work out on every aspect of my game.
BDN: As you approach your college decision, what are the most important things you are looking for in a school?
I’m looking for a school that has a bunch of great people there. I’m looking for a school that is a great school in itself. I’m looking for a program that is going to be a solid program and help me grow as a player, and somewhere that I know that I’ll fit in and have success.
BDN: Where do you stand with offers and visits now?
I’m at 20 offers now, I’m trying to narrow it down. I’m planning on taking about 3 or 4 more visits and then I’ll probably make a decision after that. I’m really excited about all of the opportunities that I have and I can’t wait to see all of the other schools that I’m going to visit.
BDN: Which schools have you had a chance to visit?
I’ve visited Maryland, Virginia, Rutgers, and Boston College so far. And I visited Duke yesterday. I liked all the schools and it’s going to be hard to narrow one down to see what one is right for me.
BDN: Do you know which 3 or 4 schools you definitely plan to visit this spring?
I think I’m going to visit Penn State, Notre Dame, Wisconsin, and maybe one other school, I’m not sure. Those are the 3 I’m definitely going to visit.
BDN: Can you talk a little bit more about your visit to Duke yesterday?
Duke was awesome yesterday. I loved it there. It was a great experience, obviously, they took us to see the Carolina basketball game and the atmosphere was unbelievable. I really enjoyed the experience and I got to know the coaching staff and I liked them a lot. It’s a great place down there and I’m really excited about the opportunity to have them recruiting me.
BDN: How did your visit to the other schools like Virginia, Maryland, and Boston College go?
They all went well as well. Like I said, it’s going to be tough because everywhere you go you like seeing. I’m just going to have to make a list and think about it pretty long and hard about which school is going to be the best spot for me.
BDN: You mentioned that you plan to take a few more visits and then make your decision. Do you have a date in mind for when you plan to narrow things down or make your final decision?
I think I’m going to make a decision by the end of the school year, if not then, then by a couple months later, if needed. I want to get it done before my senior football season.
BDN: Thanks a lot, Mike, and best of luck.
Alright, thank you so much.
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An Eagle in Your Mind
Revision as of 21:42, 29 April 2013 by Carotch (talk | contribs)
Running time 6:23
Appears on MHTRTC
2 Samples / Lyrics
All of the percussion on "An Eagle in Your Mind" was created using cut up samples of Michael Sandison's girlfriend's voice (Remix Magazine, 2002).
A video (made for the WATMM video contest) was created for "An Eagle in Your Mind" using stock footage sampled from Tatsuo Sato's anime film "Cat Soup." This video also offers an interpretation of the vocal sample heard during the track.
Samples / Lyrics
all atop of the santcus high above the sea a safe place on all counts a great place
At 1:53 an unidentified speech sample (thought by some to be the voice Welsh actor Philip Madoc) begins narrating a story. It is difficult to understand, but thought to be the following:
"the holts are nearly always close to sea
fallen boulders, old ruins, and cliffs
all at the top of a sand edifice
high above the sea
a safe place for cubs
we wait, tense
we're disappointed
she leaves her [?] loaded by others of us
the holts are evenly spread
about 500 meters apart [?] or so they advertise"
Another variation is as follows:
"Holts are nearly always close to the sea,
fallen boulders, old ruins, and cliffs,
all atop the sand edifice,
high above the sea:
a safe place for cubs.
We wait ... tense. We're disappointed.
She leaves her [?] to look for [others?]
The holts are evenly spaced, about 5 meters apart,
Only enough to fool the passers-by, or so they advertise
I love you"
[Simon Wilkinson] suggests similar words, with a few minor changes:
"She leaves us [wait?] [loaded for others of us?].
The holts are about 500 meters apart,
And of use only [?] pass us by, or they [advertise?]"
[Simon Wilkinson] also points out that the voice sounds similar to that of Welsh actor Philip Madoc (heard very briefly here at links Simon provided: [1], [2].
Thanks again to [JimE] for noticing something else:
"there's a background sound throughout the song which could be "sweat-sweat" (in the first part of the song), with "tension" coming in later. It's hard to recognise as speech, but it could well be; one of the interviews says that the "percussion" in the track was constructed using the voice of the girlfriend of one of BoC."
A voice that sounds like a black male singing "No" fades in at 4:35 and continues throughout the song. (Sounds like another 70s/80s disco/funk sample) At 5:27 A scratchy sample saying "Yeah" is played forward, then backward, then forward again, with some additional scrubbing in between. At 6:00, "Yeah" plays again, but only once.
This track's title is referenced in "Sunshine Recorder" on Geogaddi
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Beer & Wines
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D A R Y N
P H O T O S
NONWING
S C H E D U L E
A P P A R E L
P A R T N E R S
Daryn Pittman Scores First Victory of 2017 at I-55
PEVELY, MO – August 5, 2017 – It’s been a long time coming for Daryn Pittman, who secured his first win of the season Friday night at Federated Auto Parts Raceway at I-55. The 2014 World of Outlaws Craftsman Sprint Car Series Champion has had a trying season by his standards. Friday night, he was able to fend off the eight-time and defending Series Champion Donny Schatz, including on a late-race restart with six laps to go.
“Man, I needed that. I think this team needed that,” a relieved Daryn Pittman said upon exiting his Great Clips No. 9 for his first win of the 2017 season Friday night at Federated Auto Parts Raceway at I-55.
The Craftsman Club Dash draw was four putting Sheldon Haudenschild and Paul McMahan on the front row. Haudenschild and McMahan led laps in the dash before giving way to Pittman on the third circuit.
“I’m blessed to be able to drive for Kasey [Kahne],” Pittman said in Victory Lane. “I was on the phone with him all night. He worked on this thing during the week and put in a setup that I would have bet everything in the world would not have worked,” Pittman said with a smile. “Thanks to DIRTVision.com for the great coverage so he could watch up in New York.”
Although, Pittman led all 35 laps it was far from an easy victory. Donny Schatz stalked the Owasso, Oklahoma-native for the majority of the race.
“You get nervous when you’re leading, even when it is hard to pass, when that No. 15 car is behind you. He has stolen more than one rubber race away from me pretty late,” Pittman said of the eight-time series champion, Schatz.
Schatz took a peak to the outside of the Kasey Kahne Racing No. 9 momentarily in turn three, “You got to try something if given the opportunity,” the current Series point leader said.” All around it’s a decent finish. We haven’t been in the top three here in a little bit, so I’m glad to get to a good finish.”
Sheldon Haudenschild came home third, in what was his Federated Auto Parts Raceway at I-55 debut. “I’m happy. I feel like we haven’t been on the podium since California,” Haudenschild said jokingly. Although it was Sheldon’s first visit to Pevely, his crew chief Bonzai and father, Jac, have many laps around the bullring. “Having Bonzai on our team for these tracks I’ve never been to has been huge,” Sheldon, the leading contender for Kevin Gobrecht Rookie of the Year, reiterated.
Kraig Kinser and Brad Sweet completed the top five. The first twelve drivers across the finish line were World of Outlaws Craftsman Sprint Car Series regulars, with last year’s Ironman 55 winner, Rico Abreu, finishing 13th. Brandon Hanks was the KSE Hard Charger coming from 23rd to 16th aboard his No. 84 machine.
The World of Outlaws Craftsman Sprint Car Series returns to the Federated Auto Parts Raceway at I-55 Saturday night August 5th for the running of the Ironman 55, which pays $20,000 to win. Grandstands open at 2pm.
FEATURE (35 Laps): 1. 9-Daryn Pittman [1] [$8,000]; 2. 15-Donny Schatz [4] [$4,000]; 3. 93-Sheldon Haudenschild [3] [$2,500]; 4. 11K-Kraig Kinser [2] [$2,200]; 5. 49-Brad Sweet [5] [$2,100]; 6. 41-Jason Johnson [6] [$2,000]; 7. W20-Greg Wilson [10] [$1,800]; 8. 17-Jac Haudenschild [8] [$1,600]; 9. 4-Paul McMahan [7] [$1,500]; 10. 7S-Jason Sides [12] [$1,300]; 11. 19-Brent Marks [17] [$1,200]; 12. 5-David Gravel [9] [$1,100]; 13. 24-Rico Abreu [13] [$1,000]; 14. O5-Brad Loyet [16] [$700]; 15. 3-James McFadden [20] [$600]; 16. 84-Brandon Hanks [23] [$600]; 17. 1S-Logan Schuchart [24] [$600]; 18. 91-Cale Thomas [11] [$600]; 19. 48-Danny Dietrich [18] [$600]; 20. 1A-Jacob Allen [21] [$600]; 21. 2-Shane Stewart [15] [$600]; 22. 3G-Carson Macedo [14] [$600]; 23. 17B-Bill Balog [19] [$600]; 24. 9X-Paul Nienhiser [22] [$600];Lap Leaders: Daryn Pittman 1-35; KSE Hard Charger Award: 84-Brandon Hanks[+7]
COPYRIGHT ©2018 DARYN PITTMAN
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Fischer Graduate Residences
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GlennQuigley.com
Author of THE MOTH AND MOON and THE LION LIES WAITING
The Moth and Moon
Forloren – A Tale of the Moth and Moon
The Lion Lies Waiting
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Buy The Moth and Moon
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Category: The Lion Lies Waiting
The Lion Lies Waiting – Rainbow Award Winner
I have amazing news!
I’m incredibly happy to announce that my novel, THE LION LIES WAITING, won a 2018/2019 Rainbow Award for BEST GAY BOOK!
The awards themselves raised over $12,000 for LGBTQ+ charities and you can read a full list of winners here: https://reviews-and-ramblings.dreamwidth.org/5328702.html
The Lion Lies Waiting on Ninestarpress.com
Posted on December 9, 2019 December 9, 2019 Categories Ninestar, The Lion Lies Waiting, WritingTags Rainbow Awards, the lion lies waitingLeave a comment on The Lion Lies Waiting – Rainbow Award Winner
My interview with Writescast Network
I was interviewed on fellow Ninestar Press author R. R. Campbell‘s Writescast Network and we discussed my writing and approach to historical fiction. You can listen to the interview here: https://rrcampbellwrites.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Writescast-053-Historical-Fiction-and-Fantasy-with-Glenn-Quigley.mp3
Posted on March 1, 2019 March 1, 2019 Categories Ninestar, The Lion Lies Waiting, TheMoth&Moon, Uncategorized, WritingLeave a comment on My interview with Writescast Network
The Lion Lies Waiting & The Moth and Moon
THE LION LIES WAITING is rated FIVE STARS on Amazon!
THE MOTH AND MOON is rated FIVE STARS on Amazon!
Posted on February 1, 2019 February 1, 2019 Categories Ninestar, The Lion Lies Waiting, TheMoth&MoonLeave a comment on The Lion Lies Waiting & The Moth and Moon
The Lion Lies Waiting – Where to buy my new novel
My new novel, THE LION LIES WAITING, is available now from most major retailers!
(Order from your local bookshop using this number)
eBook ISBN: 978-1-949909-68-5
Amazon UK (paperback)
Amazon UK (eBook)
Amazon US (paperback)
Amazon US (eBook)
Smashwords.com
Ninestar Press (ebook only)
Goodreads link
Winter, 1780, and the solstice is fast approaching. Four months after the events of The Moth and Moon, burly fisherman Robin Shipp is preparing for his first Midwinter festival with his lover, the handsome baker Edwin Farriner. But when a letter arrives begging for help, they must travel with their friend, Duncan, to Port Knot on sinister Blackrabbit Island for a final confrontation with Edwin’s mother. Also visiting the island are Lady Eva and her wife Iris, with a stunning proposition that could change Robin and Edwin’s lives forever.
The snow-covered harbour town of Port Knot is a dangerous place. While there, Robin, Edwin, and Duncan explore the menacing rooftop settlement known as the Roost, mingle with high society in the magnificent splendour of Chase Manor, and uncover a violent conspiracy threatening the island’s entire way of life.
Old rivalries will flare, shocking secrets will be revealed, and as Duncan’s scandalous past finally catches up with him, will it ultimately destroy them all?
The men will be tested to their limits as they discover that on Blackrabbit Island, the lion lies waiting.
Posted on December 17, 2018 December 18, 2018 Categories Ninestar, The Lion Lies WaitingLeave a comment on The Lion Lies Waiting – Where to buy my new novel
My Interview With LGBTQ Life
Today I was interviewed by Mick Fitzgerald for LGBTQ Life on Dublin City FM.
You can listen to the interview here: https://soundcloud.com/dcfm-1032/lgbtq-10th-december-2018?in=dcfm-1032/sets/lgbt-life
Posted on December 10, 2018 February 9, 2019 Categories The Lion Lies WaitingLeave a comment on My Interview With LGBTQ Life
I’m very excited to reveal the cover for my new novel, THE LION LIES WAITING from Ninestar Press. It was designed by the brilliant Natasha Snow.
The book will be released on 17th December 2018 but the ebook version is available to pre-order now direct from Ninestar Press, and you’ll get it three days early!
I’ll add links to the print version once they’re available!
Posted on December 10, 2018 December 17, 2018 Categories The Lion Lies Waiting, UncategorizedLeave a comment on The Lion Lies Waiting
FORLOREN
A TALE OF THE MOTH AND MOON
On a cold October evening in 1780, the sky moved slowly above a glum sea. Down by the harbour in the tiny fishing village of Blashy Cove, the sprawling, ancient inn named the Moth and Moon played host to only a handful of patrons. Behind the bar stood the innkeeper, George Reed. He was busying himself with tidying up some tankards and rearranging bottles.
“Tell me a story,” said little May Bell.
George smiled and wiped down the countertop with an old rag. May was eleven years old and apprentice to the village’s baker. Wise beyond her years, she loved nothing more than to sit in the tavern and watch the world go by.
“Isn’t it time you were getting home?” he asked. “It’s getting dark and there’s no moon tonight.”
“Not yet, it’s still early. Well, sort of. Oh, go on, Mr. Reed, I’m so bored. There’s hardly anyone in tonight.”
May gestured around herself at the mostly unoccupied seats. The only sounds were the occasional groans of disappointment from some men playing cards, the clacking of the elderly Mrs. Whitewater’s knitting needles, and the faint gasp of air which the fisherman Robin Shipp sucked in through his pale and pursed lips as he dozed in a large leather armchair by the fireplace.
“Your mother will shout at me if I do,” George said.
“I won’t tell!” she said, climbing first up a stool and then onto the bar before settling in her favourite spot against a thick wooden pillar. “Please!”
“Fine, fine. Let me think,” George said as he rubbed a hand across his grey-bearded chin.
“Once upon a time,” he said at last, “there lived a doctor. He was a good, upstanding man, always doing his best for his patients. If he was unable to help someone, it pained him greatly, as though he felt their suffering himself. As the years went by, he began to grow weary of life in the big city and so he decided to move to an island. He had a choice — move to Blackrabbit, where the people were cold. Move here to Merryapple where the people were warm. Or move to the island we now call Forloren, where the people were needful. They had no doctor of their own and suffered with various maladies and ailments, so he chose to live there and help them. The community was small, with only one little village and a farm. He found it pleasant and the islanders welcomed him with open arms. In time, he took a wife and together they had a daughter. She was the apple of his eye and she loved to watch him work. When she was grown, she travelled to London to train in the medical arts, just as her father had done. When she returned to Forloren many years later, her father was so proud he thought his heart would burst. The whole island rejoiced at her success and they prepared a great feast in celebration but she was tired from her journey and took to her bed. By the next morning, she was burning with a fever and her skin had started to darken. The morning after, she was dead.”
“How terrible!” said May.
“The doctor mourned her loss but he worried too, for he recognised the illness which had claimed her. It was the plague. Soon, his wife fell ill, as did several others in the village. The doctor, seeking to halt the spread of the disease, burned every boat and forbade anyone from leaving the island. Almost everyone took to wearing white masks with long snouts stuffed with herbs, meant to stop them from breathing the pox-ridden miasma of the infected. They didn’t work. After his wife died, the doctor became inconsolable. People began dying in droves. The bodies of the dead were buried in one large charnel pit dug in the side of the biggest hill on the island. The islanders were frantic. Even the animals started dying. There was no food left. They looked to the doctor for help. Finally, he instructed everyone who was still alive to gather at the farm and assemble in the huge old barn, for he had news of a cure. They did as they were told and waited for him to join them, but instead he closed the doors and slid the heavy bolt in place, trapping everyone inside. The people ranted and raged, banging and clawing at the wooden walls.”
May sat wide-eyed.
“What happened, Mr. Reed? How did they escape?”
“Escape?” George repeated. “They didn’t escape. The doctor walked around the barn, using his torch to ignite the dry wood. He stood guard at the door as it burned, listening to the pained screams of his victims, the flame glinting in the glass goggles of his mask. The smoke from the fire could be seen from as far north as Blackrabbit Island. It was night when the barn finally collapsed in on itself and the doctor knew then that his grim task was complete. He was the last living thing on the entire island. There was no cure, and everyone, himself included, was infected and would die horribly, just as his family had done. In the madness of his grief, he sought to spare the people that lingering pain. His final act was to climb the highest hill and set fire to his own clothes. There, the flames engulfed him, and he burned to death. Since that day, the island has been abandoned and no one in their right mind will set foot on it.”
“Wait,” said May, “If everyone died, and no one escaped, how do you know all this?”
George smiled.
“Very clever question, my dear,” he said. “Before he climbed the hill, the doctor wrote his confession on a scrap of paper, placed it into an amber rum bottle and cast it into the sea. It washed ashore here in Blashy Cove and was found by my very own grandfather. Now, even though the disease is gone and the doctor’s mortal form is long since turned to ash and carried away on the breeze, there are those who say he walks the island still.”
May’s eyes widened even more.
“One night, many years ago, I was standing much where I am now, tending to the bar, when suddenly the door burst open and in stormed a sailor, wide-eyed and muttering under his breath. He ran to the bar and demanded a drink. Tall, he was, and strong too.”
“As tall as Mr. Shipp?” asked May.
Upon hearing his name, Robin Shipp stirred from his slumber.
“Someone callin’ me?” he muttered, before wiping his mouth and dozing off again.
“The sailor wasn’t quite so tall,” George said with a little laugh. “No one is! But he wasn’t far off. He’d sailed to the edge of the world and back, faced squalls which would have drowned lesser men, fought horrible beasts from the depths of the darkest oceans and lived to tell the tale but he trembled then, he quivered, he shook like a new-born kitten. Not even my best whiskey could calm him. It took a while, but I finally got him to talk.”
George’s voice was a whisper now and May leaned in close to hear.
“He told me where he’d been,” he said. “He told me what he’d seen.”
“Where had he been?” she asked.
George affected a growl in his voice as he answered.
“On the Isle of Forloren,” he said.
May gasped and covered her mouth with her tiny hands.
“The sailor was passing the island when he spotted a light on the top of the hill. Being from the mainland, he was unaware of what had happened there many years before. He anchored his boat and waded ashore. It was a cold night, much like tonight. There wasn’t a whisper of wind, not a breeze. His breath turned to fog as he walked the empty laneways of the island. The light on the hill was gone but he carried a lantern and soon found himself in the village. He thought to ask for a bed for the night, meaning to steal away before dawn with whatever valuables he could pilfer, but he found every home abandoned. Nothing stirred on the isle of Forloren. Not a bird, not a rat, not a moth, not a bat.”
George made a little fluttering motion with his hands for effect and May flinched.
“The sailor decided to settle down for the night in one of the less-derelict homes. He lay on a pile of rags and soon began to nod off. He woke first to the sound of scratching, like nails clawing on wood, then by a frenzied knocking, as if made by knuckles on doors. He began to grow fearful, for no cause could he find for those noises. Soon, though, he nodded off again but it was a sleep short-lived. He awoke to find himself outside, on his back, being dragged through the countryside by a shadowy figure with a face like a bird’s skull! All about him, the trees and grass stirred as if shaken by a mighty wind, though he could feel not so much as a breeze on his skin! He tried to scream but it was as though there was no air to carry his voice. He was pulled on and on until he reached the hillside. Once there, the ground opened up before him, as if the earth were a hungry mouth, roaring for his flesh. Inside he saw corpse after corpse, twisted and burst. Finally, the terror overcame him and he managed a mighty scream. He scrambled free of his abductor and ran back through the village, back to the shore. There he witnessed a most terrible sight. His boat, his only hope of salvation, was aflame.”
May gasped again.
“Quickly, he waded the shallow waters to where it sat, managing to douse the fire before it could truly take hold. As he frantically rowed away he looked back to shore and there he saw him.”
“Saw who?” May asked, her voice barely a whisper.
The plague doctor of Forloren, still wearing his singed clothes and bone-white mask.”
May slapped the countertop excitedly.
“The doctor set fire to the sailor’s boat!” she squealed. “To stop him from leaving!”
“Precisely!” said George. “If his boat had burned, he’d have been trapped there.”
George leaned in close to May again, his voice low as he continued.
“On the night of a new moon, just like tonight, the doctor walks the fields and laneways of Forloren, peering into windows, checking under blankets, making sure the island is clear of people. And if he got his hands on the sailor again, he’d slowly wrap his chalk-white hands around the man’s neck and—”
“MR. REED!”
George almost jumped clear out of his skin. He put one hand to his chest and breathed heavily.
“Mrs. Bell!” he said. “You nearly stopped my heart!”
May’s mother had slammed the doors open and was pacing across the tavern, her face like thunder.
“What have I told you about telling my daughter ghost stories?” she said.
May grinned from ear to ear and thrust her hands in the air.
“I love them so much!” she said, excitedly.
“They give you nightmares!” said Mrs. Bell.
“Nightmares are just… dreams with flavour!” May said.
“I’m sorry, Mrs. Bell,” George said. “It won’t happen again.”
He reached into one of the many recesses in the tavern’s walls and lifted an object, setting it on the counter beside May. She lifted it up. It was a weathered rum bottle, amber in colour, stoppered with a cork, and containing a scrap of very old paper.
“And don’t worry, May, it’s just a story,” said George with a wink. “Just a story.”
I hope you enjoyed this spooky little story! And here’s some exciting news — you can return to the Moth and Moon in my new novel, THE LION LIES WAITING, coming this winter from Ninestar Press! Look for updates and a cover reveal soon on my Facebook page and Twitter!
Twitter: @GlennQuigley
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Places you can buy The Moth and Moon:
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Posted on October 31, 2018 December 7, 2020 Categories Story, The Lion Lies Waiting, TheMoth&Moon, WritingTags ghost, ghost story, story, the lion lies waiting, The Moth and Moon, writing8 Comments on Forloren – A Tale of the Moth and Moon
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More foreign investors turning to Malaysia due to trade war
Published by at September 4, 2018
The Edge Markets
KUALA LUMPUR: The on-going US-China trade war has spurred increasing interest among foreign investors to move their regional operations to Malaysia, said an International Trade and Industry Ministry (MITI) official.
“With the Prime Minister’s recent visit to China, there was already some excitement and some companies there enquired on setting up manufacturing facilities here so that they could still penetrate the US market,” said MITI secretary-general Datuk Isham Ishak.
Isham said MITI has, meanwhile, also formed a task force to monitor the opportunities and risks of the trade war to Malaysia.
“The companies that typically show interest to come here are those faced with high tariffs. The first batch was iron and steel companies. Now we also see a lot of solar companies interested to come to Malaysia.
“But the full cycle of the trade war is not yet complete, so there’s still a lot of analysis that these companies need to do to decide whether or not it is viable to move their operations,” he told reporters on the sidelines of the InvestKL Merdeka Dinner.
Isham was representing MITI minister Darell Leiking, who could not attend. Also present were Federal Territories Minister Khalid Abdul Samad and Deputy Women, Family and Community Development Minister Hannah Yeoh.
Isham said MITI is working on launching a new Industry 4.0 policy come October which will focus on leapfrogging current industries to embrace new technologies of the Industrial Revolution 4.0. It would also be good to address issues on hiring of foreign workers, he added.
“We were supposed to launch this in September but we are finding it difficult to get the Prime Minister’s date. We hope to launch it hopefully in the second week of October,” he said.
Isham said the policy is also necessary in order to continue attracting foreign investors in the future. To date Malaysia has attracted more than 5,000 foreign companies from more than 40 countries, he said.
Source: The Edge Market
N12-Teknologi BVAM-Dijangka Jana Pelaburan RM562 JUTA Menjelang 2022
i2M Ventures lancar ‘Blockchain Village’ di Medini
i2M Ventures launches Blockchain Village at Medini
Blockchain Technology Malaysia 2019: Adapting Business and Industries
Three Japanese companies in talks to invest over RM200m in Johor
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METAL ARTIFACTS FROM SOUTH COASTAL GUATEMALA
Download "METAL ARTIFACTS FROM SOUTH COASTAL GUATEMALA"
Jeffery Eugene Wade
1 96 METAL ARTIFACTS FROM SOUTH COASTAL GUATEMALA Elisa Mencos Regina Moraga Keywords: Maya archaeology, Guatemala, Escuintla, Pacific Coast, South Coast, metals, copper, Postclassic, Pipil Project, Carolina, Gomera The sites of Carolina and Gomera are located in the township of La Gomera, department of Escuintla. These lands are now used for sugar cane plantations and cattle breeding. During the excavations carried out by the South Coast Regional Archaeological Project (Pipil Project) in that zone, a number of copper artifacts were found, located in the central area and in apparent elite residential contexts (Figure 1). Figure 1. Map of Postclassic sites in Escuintla (provided by Frederick Bove, Pipil Project). 1
2 Figure 2. Representation of Xipe Totec (taken from the Diccionario de Mitología y Religión de Mesoamérica, 2002). HISTORIC BACKGROUNDS The Postclassic period begins around 900 AD, and extends to 1520 AD. It is characterized by struggles between the different cultural groups that populated Mesoamerica, by constant migrations, and the militarization of society. A large number of cities within this time frame present some type of defensive system as a consequence of the different conflicts between populations. The political, economical and religious power was concentrated on the ruler, who in turn had the support of a dominant class integrated by the nobility. In the religious aspect, human sacrifices became more frequent in relation with the gods and mostly with warfare. The trade networks were intensified and could reach farther away through terrestrial and maritime routes. 2
3 The Postclassic period is frequently subdivided in two parts: the Early Postclassic (900 to 1250 AD), and the Late Postclassic (1250 AD and up to the Spanish arrival). During the Early Postclassic period, the emergence and decay of the Toltec center of Tula took place, while Chichen Itza in Yucatan- exerted its dominance on the region and then fell, just like Tula did. At El Salvador, the site of Cihuatán was at its peak. In the Late Postclassic, Mayapan emerged, also in Yucatan, while Central Mexico was witness to the emergence, dominance and expansion of the Mexica. Characteristic of the Postclassic were certain varieties of Plumbate ceramics, copper and gold objects, alabaster vessels, and turquoise-decorated artifacts. COPPER It is the chemical element corresponding to atomic number 29 in the Periodical Table of the Elements. It is an abundant material in the earth s crust. It is found native, or more often, in the form of sulphide. It is of a red brown color, bright and malleable, and is an excellent heat and electricity conductor. It forms alloys such as brass and bronze, and is used in the electric industry, as well as in the manufacture of wire, coins, and a variety of utensils. Several processes are linked with metals in general, the main ones being metallurgy and gold and silver works. Metallurgy is the art of working minerals and extracting the metals they contain, to make them ready for being elaborated. Gold and silver work, as opposed to metallurgy, is the art of carving artistic objects made of gold, silver, and other precious metals, or alloys thereof. Around the X century appeared the first works connected with metallurgy in the Pacific Coast, in the modern states of Oaxaca, Guerrero and Michoacan (Romero Galván 2000:119). We know of the existence of several metal pieces, such as axes, lancets, needles, rattles, ear flares and bracelets. Around the time of contact with the conquerors, copper rattles and iron projectile points became more frequent (Lee 1969:201). The metals known in Mesoamerica were: gold, silver, copper, tin, mercury and lead, the latter one being the lesser worked one. The alloys that the Mesoamerican groups mastered were gold and silver; gold and copper; copper and silver; copper and lead, and the most important one, gold, silver and copper, known with the name of tombac (Echavarría 1992:155). It is possible that two classes of copper were available: a soft one, and another one with a hard consistency. The first was considered the purest one, and was used for the elaboration of vases and vessels. The second or hard copper contained tin and was destined to the manufacture of axes, chisels, hoes and other instruments for warfare and agricultural works (Bargalló 1955:27). Copper, in any of its variants, could include gold, silver, lead, antimony, bismuth and arsenic, in the form of impurities that ascertained their degree of purity. In Guatemala, the departments with copper mines are Chiquimula, Zacapa (where it was probably exploited), and Huehuetenango. It is possible that copper, as well as 3
4 other metals, were obtained through the technique of torrefaction, a process that consisted in heating the rock walls and springing water onto the hot surface to produce a fracture (Torres and Franco 1996:92). The copper used in the manufacture of objects, together with gold and silver, were probably of a native origin. The metals, in general, could be melted right where they were collected, or either transported to the workshops in vessels (Torres and Franco 1996:92). Together with the techniques used for obtaining metals, we must refer to those used to work them. There are approximately ten to twelve techniques for the elaboration of metals and their decoration, such as, among others: the alternate cycles of hammering and annealing, the repoussé of sheets, the lost-wax casting of sheets and beads, lost-wax casting with core, cold molding, fusion welding, the joining of golden sheets and nails, and several gilding techniques used in the ornamentation of all these pieces (Echavarría 1992: ). Of the techniques we just mentioned, those used in Mesoamerica were melting, hammering, lost-wax casting, a mixed technique of melting and hammering, coloration, and several types of gilding (Torres and Franco 1996: ). For the study of metal artifacts, Aguilar Piedra (1946) created the first typology of metallic artifacts, later retaken by Pendergast (1962), who included data on objects found in his investigations and their geographic distribution. Finally, Bray (1977) expanded that classification by adding the artifacts recovered in the Maya area, and those that were not classified by Pendergast (1962) and Aguilar Piedra (1946:75). COPPER ARTIFACTS IN GUATEMALA AND MESOAMERICA By the end of the Late Classic period (VIII and IX centuries), metal objects already existed in Mesoamerica, one such example being the figurine fragments of Copan s Stela H, and an object of melted gold found at Palenque (Szaszdi Nagy 1984:73). During the excavations conducted by the French Mission at Nebaj, they were able to recover objects of copper, gold and tombac. Copper rattles dating to the Early and Late Postclassic periods were rescued, together with a pair of tweezers, a ring and a comb (Becquelin and Gervais 1988:195). During the archaeological rescue conducted in the Chixoy river basin, at Cauinal, a rattle was found inside a funerary urn located in Ceremonial Group A (Ichon 1981:34). In Zaculeu, 30 metal objects of the Early and Late Postclassic periods were found in funerary contexts. They consisted of ear flares, rattles, rings and pendants of local origin as well as several imported ones in metals such as gold, tombac and copper. In Tajumulco there were rattles, rings and gold and copper discs (Iglesias and Ciudad 1999:283). At Mixco Viejo, a copper axe was recovered, as well as a necklace made with little golden bells of the XIII century (Murdy 1999:323). For the Terminal Classic in Quirigua, several objects manufactured with copper alloys and introduced by foreigners from the Lowlands were found (Joyce 1999: 391, 394). In Chiapa de Corzo, there were findings of copper artifacts that included one axe, one narrow chisel, spheric, undecorated rattles, rattles worked simulating wires, plain and elongated little bells, and one bracelet or ring of golden copper. It all dates to the 4
5 Late Classic period (Lee 1969:201). In the Upper Grijalva river basin a copper needle was found at the site Los Encuentros, as well as several copper rings and rattles (Lee and Bryant 1996:61). In Tenam Puente six copper rings were recovered (one of them with the representation of a deity showing the Ik symbol in its mouth), and a copper pendant in the form of a turtle. In Central Mexico and in the Cenote of Sacrifice at Chichen Itza, rattles, rings, needles and copper awls were found. Two burials at Tzintzuntzan contained golden copper rattles, bracelets, needles and pins ending in one or two rattles, together with several other artifacts (Marquina 1964:258). CAROLINA AND GOMERA At the sites of Carolina and Gomera there was a discovery that involved a number of copper artifacts in the vicinities of the central areas of the sites, and in an apparent elite residential context (Figure 1). In total, there were 18 artifacts that included rings, needles, rattles, fish-hooks and others which could not be identified. Most copper artifacts found during the excavations belong to the site of Carolina, with 15 artifacts recovered in this place. Operation C2 produced two rings, two rattles, two needles and one hook, totalling seven artifacts (Figure 3). This operation was developed in a segment presently used for crops, at the immediate northwest of the central area of Carolina. In Operation C13, 10 artifacts were recovered, seven of which were found close to fragments of green obsidian ear flares (Figure 4). Probably, one of the artifacts is iron-made (V. Genovez, personal communication 2004), as there is a clear difference between this and the other objects. The rest consist of five needles and three indeterminate fragments. The operation was conducted in a small segment of modern grass immediately north and northeast of the central area of the site. Northeast of the central area of Carolina and during Operation C18, one rattle and one ring were recovered (Figure 5). The ring is wire-bound and the rattle is simple, with no decoration and a round shape. 5
6 Figure 3. Objects found in Operation C2, consisting of two rings, two needles, two rattles and one hook. Pipil Project. Figure 4. Artifacts found in Operation C13, consisting of five needles and four indeterminate fragments. Pipil Project. 6
7 Figure 5. Objects found in Operation C18, consisting of one ring and one rattle. Pipil Project. Figure 6. Sheet recovered in Operation L66. Pipil Project. Figure 7. One ring and one sheet recovered in Operation G48. Pipil Project. In Gomera, objects were recovered in Operations L66 and G48. In L66 we found a metal sheet, very thin and rectangular in shape (Figure 6). In G48 we rescued a rattle and a sheet, folded alongside in its half (Figure 7). All these objects have been dated to the Late Postclassic period, as they were found in association with diagnostic ceramic of this period in the central coast of Escuintla: they correspond to the types Remanso, Sumatán, Chontel, Pajuli, Prado, with just a few of the Micaceous type. 7
8 CONCLUSIONS The rattles found in the different operations conducted at both sites showed similarities with samples found in other Mesoamerican sites, specifically in Western and Central Mexico. Some of them present no decoration whatsoever, but they do show the hoop where they hanged from. One of those found in Carolina still has the rattle, and it still sounds when shaken. An additional artifact recovered in the excavations at this site shows a decoration which resembles a wire. When comparing the hook that was recovered in Operation C2 with examples from South America and Western Mexico, the similarity among the three may be clearly observed, thus confirming their dating to the Postclassic period. The needles recovered in Carolina and Gomera are consistent with those found in other sites of Mesoamerica and possibly of South America as well. They are large needles, somewhat thick, whose orifice was obtained by bending one of its points. Of the three rings recovered, two were made using bound wire. These greatly resemble one that was reported for the site of Tenam Puente by Lee and Bryant (1996). The third is a one-piece ring, decorated with two parallel and circular grooves. The sheets from the sites of Carolina and Gomera have a resemblance with others found in Mexico and South America. The shapes are rectangular and are approximately one millimeter thick, or less. The fragments of C13 that could not be identified do not feature any definite shape; therefore it may be inferred that they are residues or either raw material ready to be worked. Probably all these artifacts were not locally manufactured but instead, imported from Central or Western Mexico, as for the moment there is no evidence of the presence of any goldsmith/silversmith workshop in the South Coast of Guatemala. The only site that we know of with a metal workshop is El Manchón, located in the Sierra Madre of southern Guerrero, 1400 m above sea level. What these findings make evident are the extended trade routes and the links maintained with other areas of Mesoamerica, South America, North America, and the Antilles. Metal work was concentrated in specific areas of Mesoamerica, where different techniques for the procurement and manufacture of metal artifacts were adopted and developed. For what it seems, Guatemala did not have a metallurgy like that of Western or Central Mexico; however, it has samples that feature great artistic and technical skills. In the case of the South Coast, there are just a few records of findings of metal artifacts, and some of them do not have a context that may allow us to associate it directly with the study area. Hopefully, future investigations will produce more information to widen our current degree of knowledge, and to help us to learn more about the inhabitants of the Central Coast of Escuintla. 8
9 REFERENCES Bargalló, Modesto 1955 La Minería y la Metalurgia en la América Española durante la Época Colonial. Fondo de Cultura Económica, México. Becquelin, Pierre, and Véronique Gervais 1988 Excavaciones en el valle de Acul y exploración en la cuenca del río Xacbal. In Arqueología de la Región de Nebaj Guatemala, Cuadernos de Estudios Guatemaltecos 5 (edited by Pierre Becquelin, Alain Breton and Véronique Gervais), Mexico. Echavarría, Alejandro 1992 La Metalurgia en América. Revista Universidad de Antioquia 61 (229): 153:163, Colombia. Ichon, Alain 1981 El sitio de Cauinal. Rescate Arqueológico en la Cuenca del Río Chixoy. 2. Cauinal, pp Misión Científica Franco-Guatemalteca and Editorial Piedra Santa, Guatemala. Iglesias Ponce, María Josefa and Andrés Ciudad Ruiz 1999 El Altiplano Occidental. In Historia General de Guatemala Tomo 1 (volume director Marion Popenoe de Hatch), pp Asociación de Amigos del País. Guatemala. Joyce, Rosemary A El Colapso Maya al final del período Clásico. In Historia General de Guatemala Tomo I (volume director Marion Popenoe de Hatch), pp Asociación de Amigos del País, Guatemala. Lee, Thomas 1969 The Artifacts of Chiapa de Corzo, Chiapas, México. Paper of the New World Archaeological Foundation 66. Brigham Young University. Lee, Thomas, and Douglas D. Bryant 1996 Patrones domésticos del período Postclásico Tardío de la cuenca superior del río Grijalva. In V Foro de Arqueología de Chiapas. Universidad de Ciencias y Artes del Estado de Chiapas, CEMCA, México. Marquina, Ignacio 1964 Arquitectura Prehispánica. INAH, México. Murdy, Carson 1999 El período Postclásico en el Altiplano Central. In Historia General de Guatemala Tomo I (volume director Marion Popenoe de Hatch), pp Asociación Amigos del País. Guatemala. 9
10 Pendergast, David M Metal Artifacts in Prehispanic Mesoamerica. American Antiquity 27 (4): Society for American Archaeology. Romero Galván, José Rubén 1999 El Mundo Postclásico Mesoamericano. In Atlas Histórico de Mesoamérica. Larousse, México. Szaszdi Nagy, Adam 1984 Un mundo que descubrió Colón. Las rutas del comercio prehispánico de los metales. Cuadernos Colombinos 12. Casa-Museo Colón, Seminario Americanista de la Universidad de Valladolid, España. Torre, Luis y Francisca Franco 1996 La metalurgia Tarasca. Producción y uso de los metales en Mesoamérica. In Temas Mesoamericanos (Sonia Lombardo and Enrique Nalda, editors). INAH, Mexico. Figure 1 Map showing the Postclassic sites in Escuintla (provided by Federico Bove. Pipil Project). Figure 2 Representation of Xipe Totec (taken from Diccionario de Mitología y Religión de Mesoamérica, 2002). Figure 3 Objects found in Operation C2, consisting of two rings, two needles, two rattles, and one fish-hook. Pipil Project. Figure 4 Artifacts found in Operation C13, consisting of five needles and four indeterminate fragments. Pipil Project. Figure 5 Objects corresponding to Operation C18, consisting of one ring and on rattle. Pipil Project. Figure 6 Figure 7 Sheet recovered in Operation L66. Pipil Project One ring and one sheet recovered in Operation G48. Pipil Project 10
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