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__label__cc	0.562386	0.437614	GOAL: Serve as the nation’s most valuable river transportation corridor. GRADE: D- Provide for safe, efficient and dependable commercial navigation within the Mississippi River Watershed to ensure a competitive advantage for our goods in global markets. arial view Photo: US Army Corps of Engineers Photo: Robert J Hurt Photo: Erika Nortemann Photo: Jerod Foster Photo: Mark Godfrey Report Card Home The Basins Upper Mississippi River Ohio-Tennessee Rivers Lower Mississippi River Arkansas-Red Rivers Missouri River The Goals Flood Control & Risk Reduction Coastal Wetlands Gulf Hypoxia Importance of America’s Watershed Commercial navigation is critical to the economic and social well-being of the United States and the world. Barge transport is a vital link in the transportation system that integrates rail, truck and international shipping systems to efficiently move goods and materials. It is a cost-effective method to provide the agricultural, energy and manufacturing sectors with materials and to transport products to national and global markets. The commercial navigation industry in the Mississippi River Watershed annually transports $54 billion dollars of agricultural products, representing 92% of the nation’s farm exports, including more than 60% of the U.S. grain products for global consumption. Sustaining and increasing this capacity through infrastructure maintenance, rehabilitation, updates and innovations is necessary in order to maintain a competitive economy that benefits a growing population in the U.S. and around the world. The Technical Report Grades Explained Entire Mississippi Watershed The Mississippi River Watershed received a D- for Transportation, with all basins reporting either D or F grades. Critical components for locks and dams are in relatively poor condition across the Watershed, and a dangerous lack of funding for infrastructure maintenance means that multiple failures may be imminent. River transportation currently functions with some delays, but as these systems continue to deteriorate, significant failures could be expected which would result in severe economic, public safety and water security problems. Upper Mississippi Basin The Upper Mississippi Basin received a D grade for Transportation. The infrastructure condition indicator received a C-. The infrastructure maintenance indicator received an F for the entire watershed. The lock delays indicator in the Upper Mississippi received an A grade, the highest in the watershed. Ohio & Tennessee River Basin The Ohio River Basin received a D grade for Transportation. The infrastructure condition indicator received a D+. The infrastructure maintenance indicator received an F for the entire watershed. The lock delays indicator in the Ohio River received a B grade. Lower Mississippi Basin The Lower Mississippi Basin received a Failing grade for Transportation. The infrastructure condition indicator received a D-. The infrastructure maintenance indicator received an F for the entire watershed. The lock delays indicator received a D grade. Arkansas River & Red River Basin The Arkansas River & Red River Basin received a Failing grade for Transportation. The infrastructure condition indicator received a D+. The infrastructure maintenance indicator received an F for the entire watershed. The lock delays indicator received an F grade. Missouri River Basin Grading the Transportation goal in the Missouri Basin was a challenge during the Report Card process. The Missouri Basin is an outlier because there are no locks used for navigation. Two of the three indicators for the transportation goal measure the condition of the physical infrastructure for navigation and the performance of lock facilities, based on input from stakeholders and significant feedback from experts. These indicators do not apply to the Missouri Basin, and for this reason, the Report Card does not assign a grade to the transportation goal specific to this basin. However, transportation in the basin is compromised by the lack of adequate funding for maintenance, because this affects the management of the entire inland waterway network. The volume of transportation activity in the Missouri River Basin is substantially smaller than in the other basins. Recent years have seen an increase in the volume of activity following a low point around 2009. The volume of river born transportation on the Missouri River, however, remains below levels seen in the early 1980s. What was measured and how it was evaluated Transportation grades were assessed by measuring system performance, condition of lock and dam infrastructure, and sustainability of operations. Lock Delays measures time that locks are unavailable for navigational use. Using data from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to compare the amount of time locks in a basin were unavailable in 2013 with the best performing year from 2000 through 2012. These results were weighted by the percent of the total tonnage that moved through the lock in a year, reflecting the impact of delays at high-use facilities. Tonnage-weighted delays were compared to the best-performing year from 2000 through 2012. There are no locks in the Missouri River Basin; therefore we do not include a score for this indicator in the Missouri Basin. Infrastructure Condition reports the percentage of critical components at lock and dam facilities identified by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as being in “inadequate” or “failed” condition based on data reported for each facility. Critical components are defined as components where failure will cause unscheduled outages lasting a day or longer and preventing the facility from passing navigation traffic or maintaining the navigation pool. This is scored using the average of the percentages of critical components receiving grades of D or F for the locks and dams. There are no locks in the Missouri River Basin; therefore we do not include a score for this indicator in the Missouri Basin. The Infrastructure Maintenance indicator grades the adequacy of funding for operations and maintenance to maintain the current navigation system in working order. Data was gathered from the U.S. Office of Management and Budget and from estimates by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers pertaining to the annual amount of deferred maintenance related to the inland marine navigation system. The adequacy of maintenance for the navigation system is evaluated as pass or fail based on weight of evidence. The current navigational system plays a critical role in efficiently moving goods throughout the Mississippi River Watershed and to world markets. Although the current Report Card results for lock delays (indicator 1) led to a grade of C for the watershed, these delays are caused by a small number of components in poor or failing condition (indicator 2). The lack of funding for system maintenance (indicator 3) is widely expected to increase the number of components that fail and will likely significantly increase lock delays and decrease overall system performance. One point that was stressed by experts and at Report Card workshops throughout the watershed was the need to view and evaluate the navigational system as a unified system and not as a series of individual units. Disruption—such as a major infrastructure failure or accidents—at a handful of single points in the system would significantly affect the performance of the entire system. The AWI Report Card was developed over two years with significant amount of information and feedback from hundreds of experts and stakeholders throughout the watershed and nation. View a comprehensive Report Card technical paper that includes data sources, calculations and analysis.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1728
__label__cc	0.634122	0.365878	Home Politics Sunday Morning Musings: Whatsa Matter, Cupcake? Sunday Morning Musings: Whatsa Matter, Cupcake? Barb Meyers November 13, 2016 November 12, 2016 Politics, Social Commentary I’ve been told many times in my life, “You just don’t understand.” And the people who have said those words were likely correct. Until I walk in your shoes there is no way I can feel what you feel. And one thing I really don’t understand is the reaction of many to Hillary Clinton’s loss in the presidential campaign. I don’t recall ever being exposed to such angst, so many tears, so much violent upset over a presidential election. Is it because she’s a woman and she lost? Does that somehow send women in this country further away from achieving their own goals? I don’t see how, but if that’s how you feel, explain it to me. There are numerous women in powerful positions in this country and others. A woman (Kellyanne Conway) broke a glass ceiling by being the first woman to manage a successful presidential campaign. In the U.S. females have held high offices such as Supreme Court Justices and Cabinet secretaries. A female president is inevitable at some point, just not this year. What did women think a female president was going to do for them? How was it going to affect their day-to-day lives? Clinton was a symbol, perhaps for women power, but nothing more. I’d view her as a stepping stone. She did break a glass ceiling by being the first female presidential nominee for a primary party. She made progress for women, but there’s very little positive focus on that. What I want to say to those who keep posting on Facebook and other social media about their sadness and resentment is this: Grow the hell up. Life’s not fair. You don’t always get what you want. Get over it and move on and toughen up. Because if you’ve still got your panties in a wad over an election that wasn’t even close, you have a tough future ahead of you. I am truly concerned about the future of this country when I see the weakness of its young people. Have they been so sheltered and cosseted and never told no that they have no idea what disappointment feels like and therefore are unable to cope with it when it happens? Is this what results from not keeping score at all those childhood soccer games? Therapy dogs? Really? Who’s going to defend our country in the future when we’re all off in our safe spaces nursing our own perceived “wounds?” Maybe it’s generational. I wasn’t raised to air every single thought and opinion I had. As a general rule, I don’t discuss politics or a variety of other subjects with any but my inner circle of friends and family. My political views (and religious views and sexual preferences) are really nobody’s business. Airing them to all and sundry merely creates hard feelings. While I’ve encouraged the young people I know to vote, I don’t ask and don’t particularly care who they voted for. I just want them to appreciate and exercise their constitutional right. I want them to participate in the process. I hope all of those who are having trouble coping with the election outcome will find a future candidate they can rally behind and turn their negative energy to positive. Because this ongoing whining about something that isn’t going to change? I may not understand it but I know I’m sick of it. #elections #women #whining social media, whining, women. Bookmark. Thursday Morning Musings: What Do We Tell Our Daughters Now? The Bitter Romance Writer	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1730
__label__wiki	0.555131	0.555131	In late 1996 VIA Rail announced that it wanted to increase summer service on the busy Vancouver-Jasper segment of the Vancouver-Toronto Canadian to six days a week from three. This raised strenuous objections from the Great Canadian Railtour Company, a private company which had taken over VIA’s Canadian Rockies by Daylight service when it was privatised by the Mulroney government in 1990. While Transport Action Canada and Transport Action BC firmly felt that approving VIA’s planned service increase was in the best interest of the travelling public and would improve VIA’s financial state without threatening the viability of GCRC’s Rocky Mountaineer, on February 14, 1997 then Minister of Transport David Anderson announced that he would deny VIA’s request to increase their service. This page details our communications with the minister on this issue. Readers should be aware that a new Minister of Transport was appointed on June 11, 1997, The Honourable David M. Collenette, P.C., M.P. Transport Action BC’s November 10, 1996 letter to David Anderson The Honourable David Anderson Minster of Transport Ottawa, Ontario K1P 0A6 Re: Increased VIA Rail service between Vancouver and Jasper Dear Mr. Anderson: We understand that VIA Rail requires your permission to increase its summer service from three trains per week to six trains per week on the route of The Canadian between Vancouver and Jasper. Transport Action BC encourages you to allow VIA to increase its service, despite the objections of the Great Canadian Railtour Company (GCRC), for the reasons we provide below. VIA currently earns 130 percent of its operating costs on this route in the summer and is frequently forced to turn away passengers for lack of capacity; hence the desire to improve the service and the bottom line by expanding service on this profitable route. From personal experience within our group, we know that sleeping car space must be reserved at least two months ahead of time during the busy summer season. Additional earnings which VIA gains by increasing service can be used to help offset losses on other routes, such as the Skeena, and the Malahat Dayliner on Vancouver Island. VIA must be permitted to find ways to increase its revenue if it is to reduce its level of subsidy from $300 million to $170 million over the next couple of years. Expanding Vancouver—Jasper service is an ideal opportunity to help achieve this aim. While the route of The Canadian between Vancouver and Jasper is the same as that used by GCRC for a section of its Rocky Mountaineer service, we do not feel that VIA and GCRC are in direct competition for the same market given the distinctions between the two products provided. The Rocky Mountaineer caters almost exclusively to tourists who desire a leisurely trip allowing them to travel entirely in daylight. This requires a two-day trip with an overnight hotel stay in Kamloops. The same trip on VIA is only 18 hours, with the spectacular Fraser and Thompson River canyons passed through in darkness. VIA also provides service to intermediate destinations such as Port Coquitlam, Abbotsford, Chilliwack, Hope, Boston Bar, Ashcroft, Clearwater, Blue River and Valemont, as well as Kamloops. The Rocky Mountaineer does not permit boarding and alighting at any of these communities as it functions solely as a ‘land cruise’. It must also be added that GCRC still provides the only passenger train service on the more scenic and popular CPR route via Rogers Pass and Banff. VIA has also found that it has difficulty accommodating high levels of through traffic from points east of Jasper to points west. Expanding service west of Jasper to six days a week should help ease this constraint. It is obvious, given that both VIA and GCRC have plans for expansion, that their market assessments indicate considerable unsatisfied demand in the Vancouver—Jasper corridor. At present, the two companies combined are only carrying about one-third of the traffic which existed before VIA’s Western Canada services were cut drastically in 1990. Studies by the Alberta Department of Economic Development in 1989 showed there is a market for a daily regular train from both Edmonton and Calgary to Vancouver, as well as a three times per week tour and tourist train like the Rocky Mountaineer. We believe that this evidence supports our belief that there is room for both VIA and GCRC to grow and continue to generate profits on this route. With more capacity will come more tourists, many from out of the country, and the valuable economic benefit they provide in terms of spin-off spending. Local reports state that the average tourist stays for three days and spends $200 each day. On this basis, additional train passengers could create $40 million in spin-off benefits to the economy and generate over 1,000 needed summer jobs in the service sector. Great Canadian’s complaints that VIA is a bureaucratic Crown corporation run amok is simply not supported by the evidence. Rather, VIA is making a sound business decision which will help it to continue to provide service to the public while providing better value for its shareholders, the citizens of Canada. We strongly encourage you to support VIA in its efforts to simultaneously improve its service and financial position by permitting it to expand its summer Vancouver—Jasper service. Ian Fisher, Transport Action BC David Anderson’s December 18, 1996 reply (note how this letter could be sent to either VIA or GCRC supporters) Mr. Ian Fisher, Dear Mr. Fisher: Thank you for your recent letter regarding passenger rail service on the Jasper to Vancouver portion of the transcontinental route. Personally, I believe that the future of rail tourism in Canada is excellent, Indeed, the prospects for rail tourism over the next two decades may well be as bright as that which has been enjoyed by the cruise ship industry on our coast over the past twenty years. We have a great product with outstanding potential. I appreciate that you have taken the time to apprise me of your views on this matter. My officials are currently reviewing the implications of both VIA’s proposal and the material provided by the Great Canadian Railtour Company (GCRC). Furthermore, as this issue is commercial in nature, I have met twice with Mr. Peter Armstrong, President and Chief Executive Officer of GCRC, and with Mr. Terry Ivany, VIA’s President and Chief Executive Officer, and have asked that they present options to me to resolve this matter. I can assure that, in making a decision, I will carefully consider your views as well as the discussions between Messrs. Armstrong and Ivany. Again, thank you for writing. David Anderson, P.C., M.P. Transport Action BC’s March 10, 1997 letter to David Anderson Minister of Transport Dear Mr Anderson: I would like the express the disappointment among the membership of Transport Action BC following your announcement that VIA Rail’s request to increase its Vancouver—Jasper service was rejected. It is our belief that the services offered by VIA and the Great Canadian Railtour Company (GCRC) are sufficiently differentiated that VIA’s request should have been approved. My contacts in the local tour business indicate that they do not feel that VIA’s product is interchangeable with that of GCRC. For many travellers, GCRC’s service is simply too time-consuming to consider. I have discussed this issue with Mr. Peter Armstrong of GCRC and Transport Action BC does not agree with his position that VIA is in direct competition with his company. In addition, VIA’s government-mandated efforts to increase its cost recovery have been thwarted by the very government that has claimed that VIA must act in a more businesslike manner if it wishes to survive. It is ironic that the press release that accompanied your announcement included the sentence, “Via has been given a mandate by the federal government to reduce its operating subsidy while maintaining services.” Expanding VIA’s Jasper—Vancouver service presented an ideal opportunity for VIA to improve its economic sustainability to help meet this mandate given that VIA projected being able to recover at least 130 percent of the marginal costs of operating more frequent service. Past market analysis and historical evidence indicates that the market would not suffer a glut of supply if VIA were permitted to increase its services. Before the Mulroney cuts to VIA there were 15 trains a week leaving Vancouver to travel through the Rockies, this summer there will be no more than half that number. It is unfortunate that a proper market analysis was apparently not done to evaluate the current situation. What impact, if any, of VIA’s operation of six-day-a-week service in this corridor in the summer of 1991 should be examined. It has also been suggested that VIA’s proposed increase would only help to meet the latent demand for through-trips on The Canadian from points east of Jasper. Currently tour groups book space on VIA well in advance meaning that individual travellers, frequently Canadians, are unable to purchase a through ticket. Since these travellers are then unable to experience the most scenic part of the trip, it is likely that they choose other travel modes and so bring the cost recovery of The Canadian east of Jasper below optimal levels. This decision and the protracted process leading up to it has generated a considerable amount of ill will between VIA Rail and GCRC, as well as causing substantial inconvenience to tour operators who must plan and promote their products well ahead of time. Public and political perceptions of this issue were heavily shaped by the considerable number of misrepresentations made by GCRC and its allies made in the press. These statements were then perpetuated by the press as facts, leaving most reports on the issue a patchwork of half-truths. For example, GCRC certainly did not appear to do anything to dispel the mistaken impression that VIA was planning to resume service on the more lucrative CPR route to Banff when VIA only proposed to increase service on its existing route. Even the House of Commons Standing Committee on Transport perpetuates the myths put forward on this issue. In their report on the seemingly unrelated topic of renewing the national highway system, they state that the, “private sector must be protected from government re-entering a market to compete with the private sector after divesting itself of the service or infrastructure.” Since VIA never ceased to operate Vancouver-Jasper service since the Rocky Mountaineerbegan service, this is highly misleading. As well, VIA’s plan to increase service did not propose any new infrastructure but rather better use of that which is already in place. Ideally VIA and GCRC could co-operate in marketing their services. No doubt there are many travellers who would like to travel in daylight in one direction and by overnight train in the other. However, given the current poisoned climate, such co-operation seems a distant possibility. In the February 27th issue of the Victoria Times-Colonist you make a number of comments that suggest that the future of VIA Rail is not bright. I would agree that this is the case if reductions in financial support for VIA continue in combination with government micro-management that prevents VIA from taking advantage of opportunities to increase its revenue. As there will be an election in the near future, I suggest that the government be honest about its plans for VIA rather than perpetuating current uncertainties. If you have not already had the opportunity to do so, I would suggest that you meet with David Glastonbury, president of Transport Action Canada, to discuss the matter. David Anderson’s May 30, 1997 reply to our letter of March 10 May 30, 1997 (a few days before the federal election) Thank you for your letter of March 10, 1997, regarding my decision with respect to VIA Rail Canada’s proposal to increase the frequency of its service on the Jasper to Vancouver portion of the transcontinental route. I have noted your views on this issue. I can assure you that I carefully considered all of the views and information I received on this matter prior to deciding not to authorise VIA to proceed with its plans. In arriving at this decision, I was particularly concerned about the effect the extra frequencies would have on the private sector company also serving this route, especially at a time when this company has already invested heavily to increase its own capacity. VIA has made great strides toward being one of the best passenger rail services in the world, and I am confident that it will continue on this path. I trust that you will understand my position. Again, thank you for writing.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1731
__label__wiki	0.540251	0.540251	Azerbaijan celebrates Day of National Salvation Azerbaijan is celebrating the Day of National Salvation today. Great leader Heydar Aliyev announced the future development strategy of the Azerbaijani statehood in the meeting held on June 15, 1993 and this day entered the history of Azerbaijan as the Day of National Salvation, so Azerbaijan statehood has escaped the danger of disappearance. Heydar Aliyev, who returned to power for the second time with the request of the Azerbaijani people, was elected the chairman of the Supreme Soviet. Thus, tensions and confrontations that lasted for many years had weakened, and the country survived the threat of civil war and collapsing. National liberation philosophy, in its broad sense, ensures the existence of Azerbaijan and its greatest historical achievement. If gaining independence was first terms, the second important issue was to maintain and promote sovereignty and it became a reality thanks to the will of the national leader. He created the concept of national Azerbaijani statehood. Despite of all obstacles, public-political stability has been restored in the country as soon as possible. On June 20, 1993, Heydar Aliyev held a briefing for local and foreign journalists to convey the truth of Azerbaijan to the world community, and on June 21, he met with diplomats from several countries. The policy pursued in this area had removed the republic from the information blockade. The world-wide idea about Azerbaijan changed positively. The great potential of Heydar Aliyev became the guarantee of Azerbaijan's independence in such complicated political period. The identity of the national leader, his personal political power, determination and charisma ended the political crisis and the integration of Azerbaijan into the world community began. In 1997, members of the Milli Majlis made a proposal to include June 15 to the calendar as the National Salvation Day of Azerbaijan and the parliament approved this proposal. Since then, Heydar Aliyev's return to power has been celebrated as the National Salvation Day. back news prev news	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1732
__label__cc	0.71006	0.28994	Why is Sanja Ivekovic Plagiarizing From Wikipedia? by Will Brand on June 14, 2012 · 36 comments Off Our Chest Sanja Iveković, The Disobedient, 2012. Photo from Die Presse.com. The “Resources” section of Documenta’s website is a bit of a crapshoot. It offers, among other things, the cover of a book which Pierre Huyghe would like you to see, a twenty-minute video by Francis Alys, an Adorno text in German, and a video of the editor of Critical Inquiry pronouncing his lack of thoughts about Occupy. It’s a pile of information without the slightest hint of order, like an orphaned tumblr with too many editors; if you’re interested in a particular entry, there’s no way to find similar entries, no explanatory text, and no idea that you might actually want to know more. Enjoy Jurgen Hess’s minute-long thoughts on the political causes of famine? Then maybe you’ll enjoy Alexander Tarakhovsky’s metaphor of experience as skin. The whole production fetishizes the idea of insight at the expense of the actual knowledge and research from which it springs. The worst bit came Monday: a post apparently written by Sanja Iveković, the Croatian artist who until recently was exhibiting in MoMA’s atrium, which outright plagiarizes from 12 pages worth of Wikipedia entries. It’s part of a work Iveković has in Documenta, entitled The Disobedient: A press photograph published in the Hessische Volkswacht in April 1933 inspired the second part, The Disobedient (The Revolutionaries). The photo shows a Nazi officer and a donkey—fenced in with barbed wire—in front of a crowd on Kassel’s Opernplatz, across the street from Friedrichsplatz. The symbolic “concentration camp for stubborn citizens” was erected as a warning not to buy from Jews. Iveković’s installation in the Neue Galerie juxtaposes display cases filled with toy donkeys—the donkey being the symbol of the “beast of burden”—from private collections, one exemplar dating back to the time of World War I, with names of individuals who have resisted injustice and oppression in Nazi Germany and elsewhere in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Iveković, it seems, wanted to produce a supporting text to put stories to the names; as a result, she kindly gives us this PDF. It is, quite literally, the first paragraph of the Wikipedia article on each person. In the section on Steve Biko, she actually left in Wikipedia’s footnote shortcode. Compare for yourself, first from Ivekovic’s PDF: Amílcar Lopes da Costa Cabral (12 September 1924 – 20 January 1973) was a Guinea-Bissauan and Cape Verdean agricultural engineer, writer, thinker and politician. Also known by his nom de guerre Abel Djassi, Cabral led the nationalist movement of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde Islands and the ensuing war of independence in Guinea-Bissau. He was assassinated on 20 January 1973, about 8 months before Guinea-Bissau’s unilateral declaration of independence. From 1963 to his assassination in 1973, Cabral led the PAIGC’s guerrilla movement (in Portuguese Guinea) against the Portuguese colonialists, which evolved into one of most successful war of independence in African history And now from Wikipedia: Amílcar Lopes da Costa Cabral (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɐˈmilkaɾ ˈlɔpɨʃ kɐˈbɾal]; 12 September 1924 – 20 January 1973) was a Guinea-Bissauan and Cape Verdean agricultural engineer, writer, and a nationalist thinker and politician. Also known by his nom de guerre Abel Djassi, Cabral led the nationalist movement of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde Islands and the ensuing war of independence in Guinea-Bissau. He was assassinated on 20 January 1973, about 8 months before Guinea-Bissau’s unilateral declaration of independence. From 1963 to his assassination in 1973, Cabral led the PAIGC’s guerrilla movement (in Portuguese Guinea) against the Portuguese colonialists, which evolved into one of most successful war of independence in African history. We’ll say this: copying from Wikipedia is unacceptable in any field, and art is no exception. Even if we excuse the sheer laziness of it, or the arrogance of submitting this to perhaps the most respected art exhibition in the world, copying the text weakens the work: the reasons for Iveković’s inclusions could have been communicated more effectively in her own words. It is the sort of attention to detail which lies at the root of all good art, from the way Dan Walsh trims his paintbrushes to the specificity in Ryan Trecartin’s prop notes. If Documenta, as it says in the first sentence of its own self-description, is “dedicated to artistic research”, it should throw this out entirely. This is bad art and worse research, and throws into question the entirely of their “Resources” section. A publicly-funded, academically-minded exhibition must hold itself to higher standards. Tagged as: Documenta, Sanja Ivekovic, wikipedia { 36 comments } Erik Peterson June 14, 2012 at 8:27 pm Um first of all, the fact that there is no mentioned attempt to contact the artist about this is appalling. Wikipedia is a source for many of us working in the field, and its “open” and “free” ideologies are of interest to many people working with it. It is quite possible that Ikekovic has reasons or motivations for copying Wikipedia content that have nothing to do with plagiarism. In fact it seems rather unlikely that she intended to pass off the writing as her own words, and it’s rather irresponsible to report on it as such without consulting her or even Documenta on the matter. Second of all, Wikipedia is a Creative Commons open license resource. Though it is considered good form to cite any source, including Wikipedia, in an academic context (to provide a clear chain of descent for the scholarship involved in creating an academic work), there is neither a moral nor legal responsibility to cite words that come from Wikipedia. The site is both authorless and ownerless, no one’s rights are being violated by this appropriation and the indignation you’re expressing seems both overblown and misplaced in this context. It’s rather clear that you don’t “like” Documenta, and that this opinion is coloring your reading of this incident. If you have a beef with Documenta, that’s fine, write about it critically. I’m tired of AFC posting these gossipy articles that basically slander artists without asking them for so much as a quote on the matter. It might make for good metrics, and “palgiarizing wikipedia” is definitely a great SEO phrase, but it’s neither criticism nor good journalism. Will Brand June 14, 2012 at 8:56 pm “Um first of all, the fact that there is no mentioned attempt to contact the artist about this is appalling.” -“Wikipedia is a source for many of us working in the field, and its “open” and “free” ideologies are of interest to many people working with it. It is quite possible that Ikekovic has reasons or motivations for copying Wikipedia content that have nothing to do with plagiarism. In fact it seems rather unlikely that she intended to pass off the writing as her own words, and it’s rather irresponsible to report on it as such without consulting her or even Documenta on the matter.” As an artwork, you mean? Why not mention that you sourced the information at Wikipedia, then? You’re proposing that Ivekovic undertook this in secret, but that it is also part of the artwork? Is there anything in her history to suggest she often assumes viewers will discover the sources of her information, without her referencing them? Also, the second-to-last paragraph of the post was written in anticipation of this response. -“Second of all, Wikipedia is a Creative Commons open license resource. Though it is considered good form to cite any source, including Wikipedia, in an academic context (to provide a clear chain of descent for the scholarship involved in creating an academic work), there is neither a moral nor legal responsibility to cite words that come from Wikipedia. The site is both authorless and ownerless, no one’s rights are being violated by this appropriation and the indignation you’re expressing seems both overblown and misplaced in this context.” If we’re going down that route, you oughta look into what Wikipedia’s license means. They have an Attribution-Share Alike license, which does indeed require you to attribute the work. So yes, there is a moral responsibility, and yes, there is a legal responsibility. This is an additional reason why I have trouble with the idea that Ivekovic intended to use Wikipedia to make a point, but then never told anyone. If she had some great interest in creative commons licensing, she would have known that she had to mention Wikipedia. -It’s rather clear that you don’t “like” Documenta, and that this opinion is coloring your reading of this incident. If you have a beef with Documenta, that’s fine, write about it critically. I’m tired of AFC posting these gossipy articles that basically slander artists without asking them for so much as a quote on the matter. It might make for good metrics, and “palgiarizing wikipedia” is definitely a great SEO phrase, but it’s neither criticism nor good journalism.” I don’t have a problem with Documenta; I was looking forward to it very much, and even within this post I call it “perhaps the most respected art exhibition in the world.” I do think their website is terribly organized. I guess I just feel let down. There was a lot of promise here, and there are a lot of good ideas and good artists involved, but stuff like this… I mean, I expected they’d have higher standards, that’s all. You don’t feel a little bit let down that this is the best they could do? You don’t think that someone as widely lauded as Ivekovic should put a little bit more care into their work? Writers are pretty inexpensive. If I cared about SEO, I would have put “Documenta”, or maybe even “World’s Biggest Art Exhibition” in the title, instead of “Sanja Ivekovic”. So that doesn’t make sense either. No, I’m proposing that it’s far more likely that this is an act of accidental omission (especially considering that the citation code was left in), or something that the artist tossed off in order to fulfill a request for more explication by Documenta. It’s also entirely possible that the use of raw phrases from Wikipedia was intended as an artistic gesture. The point is we don’t know because you didn’t ask, and you’re not just suggesting but actually ~stating~ that this is plagiarism without having done the requisite research. This seems particularly galling in the context of the topic of this article. Actually, if you want to get down to the nitty-gritty of it, Creative Commons licenses (and other similar ‘copyleft’ and GNU based licenses) have had very little luck gaining any legal status, as most countries put the onus of “protecting” a copyright on the copyright holder, and a deliberate refusal to diligently pursue that protection is often construed as abandonment. Likewise, while it is shitty to directly lift from Wikipedia in an academic work without citation, the “attribution” and “share-alike” clauses of Wikipedia’s licenses typically refer to those pieces of media that have known and specific authors, like images and logos created for the site. This can be seen in the history of its logo, which had to have its copyright transferred from its “authors” to Wikipedia because posting on Wikipedia does not legally imply assignation of copyright. There is probably an argument to be made that you “have to” cite text copied from Wikipedia, but it’s a murky one at best. Again, I don’t know that she meant to make a point or that she has any interest in Wikipedia or in creative commons licensing or in the complexities of authorship and ownership of collaboratively created intellectual property. What I’m saying is that we don’t know, and I’m suggesting other possible reasons besides “plagiarism” which implies a desire to deceive and present another’s work as your own. It simply seems unlikely that this was the intent, and irresponsible to state it without even contacting the artist. Sorry, I’ve been seeing a lot of Documenta hate going around lately so I unfairly assumed your position on it based on the tone of this article. Actually I don’t disagree. What I think is both annoying and kind of worrying is that you singled out a particular artist as an example of what’s wrong with Documenta’s site, and then mostly talked about her “plagiarism” instead of providing other detailed examples of what you think is wrong with the site and how it could have been presented better. Though you do a little of that in middle of the text, most of it is given over to the “plagiarism” which seems like a pretty sensational word to apply to this pretty piddling transgression (if it is a transgression). Yeah that was a unfair jab. I have a grudge against SEO because I do production work for a commercial site and see how ruins writing. I don’t actually think that you or anyone on AFC is really trying to game your title tags for Google’s sake. What I’m getting at here is that I’ve seen more than one article on here recently that singles out artists as the “problem” in a particular situation that is far more complex, and rails against them without contacting them for quotes, reactions, or explanations. For instance, though I totally agree with Paddy’s recent assessment that the Net Art world (and obviously the art world in general) has major problems with diversity and gender dynamics, I also think it is totally irresponsible to single out artists who put their work in all-male shows as villains without contacting them to even find out if they knew who was participating in the show before it opened. It comes of as both gossipy and cynical, which I don’t think is the tone you want for this site. Will Brand June 14, 2012 at 10:12 pm As far as I’m concerned, using someone else’s work without attributing them is plagiarism. Given that definition, it’s happened here already, and doesn’t require confirmation. Perhaps, if I witness a murder, it’s worth asking the murderer if they premeditated it; that has a pretty big effect on how negatively I think of the person, and that’s why we break up murders by degree. Plagiarism, though, isn’t like that—it’s pretty black-and-white. There’s no question of intent, because intent isn’t the point; the point is that you’re causing people to believe you have produced this work, when you have not. That’s happened here. Leaving in the footnote reference only happened once in the entire PDF, which I think indicates it was an accident; every other one has been systematically removed. Similarly, all the pronunciation information has been removed, and occasionally a sentence from further down in the piece is brought into the paragraph, as in the blockquoted example above. I would think, if the intent were to reference Wikipedia, that she would have quoted it in full. Also, it would have been trivial to link to the pages within the PDF, or else to produce this in HTML, if she meant to refer to Wikipedia. This is not a document which encourages readers to read more; that, to me, is additionally damning as a research offering. Additionally, I think the idea that something just happened to drop out of a PDF is silly. Permanence is the whole reason you use a PDF! I also think it needs to be said that your argument is based on an imagined justification, where mine is based on the observed absence of citation in a situation where absence of citation is precisely the issue. I don’t understand what the argument here is. “Gossip” was in our page titles and self-descriptions until about two weeks ago, but perhaps it should go back in. It’s sometimes what we do, sorry :(. It’s actually kind of nice that people get the idea we’re super dignified—sometimes I think we’re growing up. I agree that it is not very nice to single out artists. Paddy’s piece, though, mostly gave specific examples for what would otherwise have been a very broad argument to make. In this piece, on the other hand, one artist is singled out because one artist is to blame; this has Ivekovic’s name on it, directly. Perhaps it is not her, but an assistant who made the error; if we start giving assistants credit only when things go badly, though, I think we’ll end up in a very nasty world. JosephYoung June 14, 2012 at 10:41 pm I don’t know what the artist’s intent was here, but the sentence “Plagiarism, though, isn’t like that—it’s pretty black-and-white” catches the eye. Seems a difficult position to take on a blog dedicated to contemporary art, doesn’t it? Will Brand June 15, 2012 at 2:37 am I dunno, I just took it, and it wasn’t that hard. Why should it be? Nobody swore me to uncertainty when I got my press pass. Erik Peterson June 15, 2012 at 3:07 am It’s appropriation when you like it, plagiarism when you don’t : P Plagiarism is absolutely conditioned by intent, a student who mis-cites something or drops a footnote without the intention of passing off the writing as their own is certainly not guilty of plagiarism, and would be given the chance (by any reasonable professor) to explain them self in this circumstance. I get that your murder comparison is hyperbolic for rhetorical effect, but it kind of disproves your point. The justice system separates manslaughter (unintentional death as the result of intentional actions) from premeditated murder because both are crimes, but of different degrees. Unintentional presentation of another person’s writing that might cause someone else to think it was one’s own writing isn’t punished at all, because it’s understood as a mistake and is not in the category of plagiarism. I never suggested that something just “dropped” out of the PDF. I’m suggesting the possible scenario (which I think is more likely than “plagiarism”) that perhaps the artist was asked for supplementary material from an organizer, and tossed off the document without too much thought. I know when I’m emailing with friends or people with whom I’m discussing my work or ideas, I don’t generally follow standard academic conventions for citation or even always add links. The point is there is plenty of reason for doubt of intent here, or even of the idea that this document was produced by the artist with the intent that it be seen by anyone by the curators of Documenta. Your argument is based on your imagination that the artist produced this document with the intention of passing off the writing as her own. My argument is based on the fact that there are many other plausible scenarios for the emergence of this document on Documenta’s website, and that you irresponsibly suggested that one (i.e. ‘plagiarism’) was demonstrably correct without contacting Documenta or the artist to see if the document was indeed created with that intent. Plagiarism is a very serious charge to level against someone, and is a word that carries a distinct connotation of connivance and dishonesty. Whether you like it or not, this blog (as admittedly silly as it is sometimes) projects a certain degree of authority in this community, and as such you have a responsibility not to smear people. Had you contacted Documenta and found they were aware of the “plagiarism”, or contacted the artist and came to the conclusion that she intended to present this writing as her own, I would have no problem with you writing an article quite similar to this that mentioned those facts. As it stands, you’re essentially smearing someone who is obviously not stupid enough to think that no one would notice that she ripped off Wikipedia text (which to me is the strongest indication that she probably did not intend to pass the writing off as her own). Gossip is all well and good (I jumped right in to defend y’all in the comments on your post about Kinkade’s death), but if you want to gossip about artists in a way that could potentially damage their career or reputation, the responsibility lies with you to find out if what you’re saying is actually true. If not, you might as well put “World Weekly News” up top and start covering Batboy’s happenings in Saddam’s spider hole. The idea that “contacting Ivekovic makes no sense” is frankly absurd. Even if you really believe that it’s ok to infer intent to deceive from a shitty PDF with little contextualization on an exhibition’s website without even talking to the principals involved, I would think you would at least want to confront Ivekovic and find out what made her think she could get away with such a ~dastardly~ scheme. I care. I expect better from art, from artists, and from Ivekovic and Documenta in particular. I think we deserve better. Perhaps you do not. I explained in the last comment to Eric why contacting Ivekovic doesn’t make any sense in this situation. You are, however, correct that Ivekovic is not a writer. That is very much the point. No, it’s not irrelevant. Print encyclopedias have authors and editors for each article whether prominently listed or not. They assign their copyrights to the material to the publisher. Copyright is the legal basis for claims of plagiarism. Wikipedia does not require it’s millions of authors to assign their copyrights to it, nor to does it pursue copyright infringement claims against people who copy their words. Obviously academic institutions do, and should, expel people who copy without citing in a deliberate attempt to pass off other’s writing as their own. They don’t expel people for putting together for unintentionally creating that impression, or for throwing together a document of ideas they’re working with to explicate the context of an art object they’ve created. Viktor Witkowski June 15, 2012 at 3:53 am Fair question, Will. But what do you think of documenta when you visited it? You say that documenta is trying hard to be “very, very smart.” I hope that you are drawing this conclusion based on the venue on not their website. kim June 15, 2012 at 6:24 am but isn’t the plagiarism itself one of the points of this piece that she made? I saw her show at the MoMA and it’s in the same vein as this “plagiarizing,” and just as overtly revealed as in this piece. What I gather from her work is her revealing hidden structures and conventions -often repressive- in the representation of objects and images, making them appear so true and natural – fact so true and natural, but how close are they really to the truth? You say it’s “revealed”, but I disagree. There’s no effort at all made to reveal this, or to draw attention to the fact that we need to question these sources. I think your assessment of her work is reasonable, but I don’t think it applies here. IIRC, in those works there’s always an addition: a new context, an added or removed element, something. They’re also often pretty suspicious images to begin with—nobody ever puts real sunglasses ads up on the walls at MoMA, so seeing them there pretty quickly raises an eyebrow and provokes further looking. This, on the other hand, is writing produced where writing is expected, without anything that would draw the material into question. I just don’t see it. Obviously there’s something that would draw the material into question; you questioned it. Martin John Callanan June 15, 2012 at 11:22 am I’m in agreement with Will on this. Quality and integrity is important in art. It is a fair way to judge the skill of the artist. Poor quality work is lazy and not tolerated in any other field. The common stance that everything an artist makes is art and to be revered, well, that is boring. Paddy Johnson June 15, 2012 at 2:01 pm I’m a little confused about the concern for our journalism standards. In the net art post complaints were lodged because we used quotes that were made on facebook. Main stream media commonly cites statements made on facebook, so that argument was meritless, but for reasons beyond my comprehension the myth that it was bad journalism continued. I’m watching the same thing occur here. As Will points out the creative commons license requires attribution, and the reason that license exists is so people know to use it. CC doesn’t have a license without attribution rights — technically speaking you have to release all content to the public domain — and that doesn’t make sense for Wikipedia. There are reasons attribution makes good sense, and in this case, not knowing the source, means that the reader is likely to both assume it was written by the artist, and that it’s correct. That’s a problem given the actual source. I don’t mean to slag Wikipedia in saying this — indeed it’s a great source — but any good journalist and artist knows that you can’t assume it doesn’t contain errors. Given the nature of this piece, use of the source and lack of attribution have a directly negative effect on the quality of the work. The whole piece is about building a historical narrative. It’s doesn’t have anything to do with appropriation, and would have clearly been made better had the research not been phoned in. James Case-Leal June 16, 2012 at 8:36 am i have always thought that applying copyright laws and related traditions of authorship to be irrelevant and even stifling in art. So many artists have “plagiarized” all other disiplines. Was Warhol plagiarizing campbells? prince plagiarizing marlborough? Every time this happens someone from the field that is being borrowed from bitches about how its not really art or that its bad art – how they are stealing – how they are irresponsible. at times they take them to court. and at times they win in court. We need to let art be free of these rules and not get pissed that an artist isn’t also a researcher and writer. that they used existing information as a raw material is nothing to chide. unless, you are a craftsman who feels threatened by contemporary art. Which is very much how Will Brand comes off here. Jan Malinowski June 16, 2012 at 9:43 am hey guys would be so kind as to have a look at my newly created blog at http://www.artportion.com cheers LAWRENCE OF ARABIA June 16, 2012 at 3:21 pm TO ERIK:ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF AN ARTIST DOING SOMETHING STUPID (INCOMPLETE, LACKING, UNJUSTIFIED, ETC) AND HER CIRCLE COMING TO THE RESCUE TO PROTECT THEIR INVESTMENT. AS AN ARTIST, IF YOU ARE GOING TO PLAGIARIZE, OWN IT. EVERY ARTIST SHOULD HAVE LEARNED THAT FROM RICHARD PRINCE BY NOW. DOCUMENTA IS SUPPOSED TO BE THE MOST INTELLECTUALLY ‘SOUND’ FAIR. IF YOUVE ROBBED YOUR MATERIAL FROM WIKIPEDIA, HOW DOES YOUR WORK JUSTIFY THAT? IN THIS CASE IT DOESNT. AT ALL. IT IS A GAPING FALLACY THAT ENDS UP UNDERMINING THE STRUCTURAL AND INTELLECTUAL INTEGRITY OF THE WORK. rossleonardy June 16, 2012 at 8:44 pm The page and the document seem to just attach Sanja Ivekovic’s name to the piece, not the writing. 99% chance an intern was assigned to put together a supporting document for the website and it has not even been seen by Sanja. slow news day? Sure, it’s probably an intern—interns do lots of stuff nowadays. Judging by the PDF’s metadata, his name was probably Mario. I don’t think that excuses the chain of people between him and Ivekovic for not checking it, or the organizers of Documenta for putting this hacked-together thing next to, say, a really pretty lovely 20-minute Francis Alys video. They shouldn’t be in the same section at all; that’s pretty insulting to some of the other offerings. Besides which, Paddy and I accept responsibility for errors made by AFC’s staff, and I expect others to do the same. Certainly when things are under our names. It’s almost always a slow news day in the art world; if we had to rely on sensation on the 360 days a year when there isn’t a decent headline, we’d be pretty worthless. I honestly thought that this was a shitty thing for an established artist to offer up for a ~$15 million publicly-funded exhibition, and I thought it should be questioned. rossleonardy June 17, 2012 at 10:12 pm Thinking it should be questioned is a little bit different then flat out stating that Ivekovic is a plagiarist. The page, and their site, is poorly designed, and does not actually say (as far as I can see) that she wrote the pdf. It doesn’t give a context for the pdf, and the pdf itself has no introduction or explanation for its contents. So instead of calling it out as the weird error and oversight that it obviously is, you flat out state that Ivekovic is a plagiarist (“why is Sanja Ivekovic plagiarizing wikipedia?”) as if you somehow know that she’s even seen this pdf, not having asked Documenta or her what the deal is? That’s a little bit unfair. (wtf are all these plagiarism apologists doing here? don’t you guys have a summer writing class to be making up?) lennard June 17, 2012 at 5:19 pm Good God, this Erik Peterson is just a lawyer-like lingerer type. It’s painfully clear Sanja and/or her team done goofed there. And obne should say it: the piece itself is terribly aesthetizing, it’s an insult to put all these people fighting for very different reasons into the same bucket and call it your work of art. Just terrible. tom moody June 20, 2012 at 3:27 pm Am not sure if “plagiarism” is the right word for the unattributed use of open source, community-edited text..in an artwork. It makes for a nice “gotcha” headline, though. What term would you use to describe what happened to your hypothetical student? I’d call it “accidental plagiarism”, and I bet you would, too. In doing so, you’d be calling it—fasten your fucking seatbelt—’plagiarism’. That’s what this FAQ from Northwestern calls it: http://www.writing.northwestern.edu/avoiding_plagiarism.html. Most of the reputable top Google results don’t even make such a distinction, e.g. http://www.indiana.edu/~wts/pamphlets/plagiarism.shtml. Purdue defines it as “the uncredited use (both intentional and unintentional) of somebody else’s words or ideas.” Mirriam Webster, if we’re at this point, doesn’t make any mention of intent: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/plagiarizing?show=0&t=1339747954. Neither does Dictionary.com: http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/plagiarism By every one of those definitions, plagiarism has occurred here. If I’m not using your favorite dictionary, I’m willing to hear what it has to say, too. I should add that I find it deeply disappointing that the defense here assumes Sanja Ivekovic, a very intelligent and successful artist, must be treated with the same sort of paternal forgiveness that we accord college students in their first research skills class. I think she should be held to a higher standard, and I don’t think this is the first time she’s had to deal with attribution.Every other item in this section of Documenta’s website is obviously the direct making of the artist involved. Pierre Huyghe’s book covers are his own choosing. Sam Durant’s links come from Sam Durant. The text under “Adorno” is Adorno’s. If Sanja Ivekovic was not involved in the making of this document, then this would seem to be the only example of that in this very extensive section. Perhaps that does not mean Sanja Ivekovic did the copying-and-pasting herself, but it certainly qualifies as passing it off as her own; readers of this page would have a reasonable and extremely well-supported belief that the artist named is responsible for the work presented. This is not my “imagination”.I already acknowledged that you’re unhappy I didn’t call Sanja Ivekovic yesterday. You’re free to forward this to her, and I’m sure you’ve seen that AFC makes a point of posting responses, when we get them. If you’d forwarded it a few messages ago, you might have saved yourself some of the time and effort spent writing out these great excoriations. Maybe that wouldn’t have been as much fun.Also, “a shitty PDF with little contextualization” is a large part of what I have an issue with, so yes, that’s the basis. You omitted, though, that all of the context available supports my point. Dictionary definitions are the recourse of weak arguments. You can play all the language games you want, but I would bet you my last nickel the vast majority of people would find it inappropriate to call anyone a plagiarist without giving them a chance to defend or explain themselves. It’s neither my responsibility to contact the artist nor to establish that actual narrative of what led to the posting of the PDF on Documenta; I’m not the one making the claim of plagiarism. It’s your responsibility as both a “journalist” and a member of this community to do your due diligence in establishing these things before you make an inflammatory post. As you (and I, in my previous response) said, it’s very unlikely that an artist with the intelligence and research history of Ivekovic is unfamiliar with standard practices in citing data, or that she would willfully publish something with the intent to pass of Wikipedia pages as her own work. I’m not patronizing her or suggesting that she be coddled in some way. What I’m suggesting is merely that there are equally plausible alternative narratives to willful plagiarism in this event. Even in the Northwestern page you link to, a distinction is drawn between “accidental” and intentional plagiarism. Though the same noun is used for both, the meaning is quite clearly differentiated. One is a forgivable mistake that can be (mostly) avoided by careful scholarship (even the most careful academic writers are capable of slipping up and missing a citation or creating an unaccredited paraphrase without a diligent editor), the other is the intentional misrepresentation of someone else’s words as your own (which is a shitty thing to do and tantamount to lying and stealing at the same time). The PDF is admittedly sloppy and of low quality, and it may even have been produced by Ivekovic with the express intent of being put on the Documenta site for all to see, but if you’re going to hold her (a non-writer presenting this information in a decidedly non-academic context) to a “higher standard”, it would seem that you should hold yourself to at least the basic standards of verification and investigations established for journalism. I don’t much care about what Ivekovic did here (I don’t know her, I’m not making claims about her work, and I think the idea of getting your knickers all twisted about what is most likely a little laziness or rushed work in a PDF is pretty silly) , and I doubt many other people do either. What I do care about is that a post like this can become the source of citations of its own, and a part of establishing the idea that someone like Ivekovic is a “plagiarist” (or whatever other name you happen to be calling an artist this week) as a fact. While the stakes are fairly low in this circumstance, as I said before you and this blog carry a certain amount of weight and authority in the community, and I think this kind of journalism does that community a disservice. It’s also almost funny that the title of this is “Why Is Sanja Ivekovic Plagiarizing Wikipedia?” since you didn’t bother to ask her the answer to that very question. I gave you four published, reputable sources for what I think plagiarism is. You, in turn, bet me a nickel based on a hypothetical situation. I like my sources better. You’re telling me I’m using a word wrong without being able to cite a single source that would use the word differently. I mentioned the Northwestern distinction. I was the one that brought it up, along with every other specific example in this argument. You have very badly mischaracterized what it says. It does not, at any point, mention it being “forgivable”, or common to even the best scholars, or whatever. You made every single part of that up. Similarly, I think you’re quoting yourself when you say “journalist” all those times. I don’t think I’ve ever used that term to describe myself, and certainly never in print. I write opinion pieces, mostly. Paddy started this blog with mostly opinion pieces. That’s actually our hallmark. And nobody’s ever told me, in my whole life, that I have to phone someone to check if it’s okay before I express my opinion. Sorry if I got my knickers all twisted over nothing. If it helps, you just wrote out a few thousand words about how deplorable it is that I got my knickers all twisted in a way that doesn’t please you. I guess I’m in good company. I didn’t call an artist anything, I don’t think, last week, or the week before, or… ever, maybe. You generated that history of name-calling, also, from thin air. Before you continue to malign my willingness to research, it’s worth noting that no fact stated in this article in is dispute. You are fighting an imaginary battle against what you think I ought to have done based on a self-image you falsely ascribed to me and a term you refuse to define in anyone’s words but your own. Occasionally you back this up with a series of complicated assumptions which explain why everything involved here is probably the exact opposite of what I can see with my own eyes. I don’t see the point in continuing. Since you’re not even going to do me the basic courtesy of actually reading my comments and responding to them as they are (I never claimed to be quoting from that definition, I was offering my interpretation of it ~just as you were~), I’m not going to do you the courtesy of using nice words. I think it’s a dick move to call an artist a plagiarist in the title of a blog post on one of the most popular art related blogs on the internet. Whether or not you’re right about her “plagiarism” or the definition of plagiarism is totally besides the point. It’s completely discourteous, and a sensationalist move, to use such a harsh word against a member of the community that I don’t think even you would say was intentionally trying to do something wrong. As far as “making every part of that up”, I’m as entitled to my opinions as you are. I think you’re a dick for calling her a plagiarist, I think the fact that that NW study guide draws the distinction (and the fact that we don’t ream students OR academics who accidentally commit “plagiarism” and apologize for it) is evidence enough that errors of omission are forgivable. If you don’t think that anyone could make a citation mistake, you obviously haven’t read much. It’s incredibly common, just as typos and factual errors are common. People are people, not perfect writing machines. If you want to hold artists to a “higher standard” that’s your problem, not theirs, and you shouldn’t drag their names through the mud trying to make a point when you haven’t even asked the question posed by the title of your article to the relevant person. Also if it’s not obvious that when I use “you” I’m referring to this blog, then maybe that’s my bad, but I don’t know you personally and that was the context I’ve used it in in this entire thread so I thought it was kind of obvious. Erik, your concerns have been noted. I’ve read the NW study guide, and Will is correct. It doesn’t say anything you seem to think it does. Cite the specific passage you’re talking about or leave that argument alone. If you think the language of the title and the post is too strong, look at the art, decide what you think about it, then tell us why you think the post overstates the term. On a related note: Calling someone a dick is a bad way to establish your own credibility in an argument over strong language use. We don’t allow name calling on the blog. If I see it again, I’m going to close this post. There’s already more than enough here to warrant that. Paddy- If you really think that I was rude before that post, or that Will has not been rude to me throughout this discussion, I’d ask you to read back through and reconsider. Once again, I never said that the NW style guide said anything besides making a distinction between accidental and purposeful plagiarism. My interpretation of that, and the simple facts that I stated (students and academics are not excoriated for mistakes, only for willful plagiarism that is then usually denied), are all I referred to. The idea that me saying calling someone a plagiarist is a “dick move” in your comments and calling an artist a plagiarist in the title of a post on a rather well attended blog are at all equivalent is naïve at best. Whether you take yourselves seriously or not, lots of people do, and especially considering most people who read this post will never see the work in person (or even research the artist) it’s likely that they will form their opinions of Ivekovic’s work based on your writing. Whether that’s a responsibility you all want or not, it’s one you have.I get that you don’t like me, I don’t care. I really think that it is totally inappropriate to call an artist a plagiarist without actually investigating the issue. As you know the right of an artist to use appropriation as an artistic gesture is constantly under attack. Right now that right is in particular danger with the lawsuit against Richard Prince and the incessant efforts of the US government to give itself to power to censor the internet. It’s incredibly unhelpful to have a voice within the community calling someone who, as other commenters have noted, often uses “plagiarism” and copying as an artistic gesture what is essentially a dirty word. Will has defended himself solely on the dictionary definition of “plagiarism”, which isn’t even the argument I’m making. By the standard of those definitions most artistic gestures and a good deal of writing by artists made since say, 1960, would clearly fall into the category of plagiarism. From Andy Warhol to Ryan Trecartin, artists make use of other people’s work often without any citation or even nod to the original source, in order to engage with, subvert, and comment on the products of our culture. I was joking before when I said “It’s appropriation if you like it, plagiarism if you don’t” before, but now I’m not at all. Why should we hold Ivekovic’s writing to a different standard than we do her objects? Or a Prince painting? Or a Duchamp readymade? Just because it takes the guise of writing doesn’t mean you can assume that it’s not intended as an artistic gesture. Ivekovic’s past work suggests that it very well may be, and as I said before it’s simply irresponsible to decide otherwise without speaking with her. In actuality, Will may be right, this may be “Plagiarism”, intended or accidental. On the other hand it could be a painstakingly crafted gesture complete with a left behind partial citation. The point is, Will doesn’t know, so Will shouldn’t assume, and he certainly shouldn’t make it the title of a blog post without investigating the primary source: Ivekovic. It might not seem like a big deal to you, but when you smear a label like “plagiarism” onto someone it tends to stick, deserved or not. Paddy Johnson June 16, 2012 at 10:06 pm Just so I understand you properly, if the artist considered it appropriated text, that gesture negates the plagerism claim, regardless of how that gesture might square with the art work itself? If that’s what you’re saying, I just don’t agree. I think this work is demonstatably made worse lifting the text wholesale like this and I don’t think anyone is done any favors by calling this something other than what it is. Erik Peterson June 16, 2012 at 10:23 pm Just so I get what you’re saying too: a) Lifting text wholesale is plagiarism, and no regard should be given to claims of artistic gesture. b) Someone’s opinion of the quality of a work of art’s quality is what determines whether or not an act of appropriation is legitimate? If (a) my comment above spells out very clearly why it’s bad to have a double standard for words and objects when dealing with appropriation. If (b), I think that’s an unhelpful argument to make. If appropriation is a legitimate artistic gesture, it’s a legitimate artistic gesture. Making a judgment about whether it’s legitimate or not based on the quality of the work plays into the hands of people who would rather that it disappear as a technique in general. Yes, I think if an artist intends something to be an act of appropriation as an artistic gesture, that’s what it is. It doesn’t mean that it was done well, or that it improves their work, but it definitely isn’t plagiarism. And, once again, what I think is inappropriate is not the idea that someone could claim that something an artist has done is plagiarism, it’s that this circumstance is clearly a lot muddier than Will makes it out to be, and he should have done basic research by asking the artist before making a very public and inflammatory claim of academic dishonesty. It also seems like you don’t have any rejoinder to my argument that by dictionary definitions, most art that uses appropriation would be considered plagiarism, and I think that you would need to establish some pretty strict criteria if you want to be able to apply the word plagiarism to any kind of creative/artistic work (even writing). Paddy Johnson June 17, 2012 at 12:07 am So wait, what specifically about the art work in question is muddier than has been represented? Her work is published. It’s public. You’d not contact an author to review/discuss a novel etc. Previous post: Massive Links: What Didn’t Happen at ArtsTech Last Night? 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__label__wiki	0.569371	0.569371	RETURN TO YOUR LIBRARY: Sheridan Libraries Welch Medical Library SAIS Library Friedheim Library APL Library ArchivesSpace Arthur Oncken Lovejoy papers Identifier: MS-0038 Repository Special Collections Collection [MS-0038] Arthur Oncken Lovejoy papers Arthur Oncken Lovejoy (October 10, 1873 – December 30, 1962) was an American philosopher and intellectual historian, who founded the discipline known as the history of ideas with his book The Great Chain of Being (1936). The papers of Arthur O. Lovejoy span the years 1872 to 1963 and include correspondence, manuscript notes for lectures, notebooks, diaries, newspaper clippings, reports, speeches, photographs, drafts, typescripts, galley proofs, and books owned and annotated by Lovejoy. Lovejoy, Arthur O. (Arthur Oncken), 1873-1962 (Person) This collection is housed off-site and requires 48-hours' notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information. Collection is open for use. Single copies may be made for research purposes. Researchers are responsible for determining any copyright questions. It is not necessary to seek our permission as the owner of the physical work to publish or otherwise use public domain materials that we have made available for use, unless Johns Hopkins University holds the copyright. 39.4 Cubic Feet (8 letter size document boxes, 2 letter half-size document boxes, 74 legal size document boxes, 5 legal half-size document boxes) Arthur Oncken Lovejoy was born in Berlin, October 10, 1873, the son of Wallace William Lovejoy, a Boston medical student studying in Germany, and Sara Oncken Lovejoy, his German wife. They family returned to Boston in 1875, but Sara Lovejoy died shortly thereafter. Wallace Lovejoy married Emmeline Dutton in 1881 after leaving the practice of medicine to assume a ministry in the Episcopal church. Arthur Lovejoy received his early education in schools in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. Following his graduation from the Germantown, Pennsylvania Academy in 1891, the family moved to Oakland, California. Lovejoy entered the University of California at Berkeley in 1891, his course of study emphasizing the humanities and languages. Under the influence of the philosopher George Holmes Howison, Lovejoy's prime interest changed from religion to philosophy. He graduated in 1895 and entered Harvard where he studied under Josiah Royce and William James. He received the M.A. in 1897 and studied at the Sorbonne, 1898-1899. Lovejoy's career as a teacher of philosophy began at Stanford University in 1899. In 1901, he resigned in protest at the dismissal of the economist and sociologist, E. A. Ross, and he was afterwards a champion of academic freedom to university and college faculties. Lovejoy held teaching positions at Washington University (1901-1907), Columbia (1907-1908), and the University of Missouri (1908-1910) before coming to The Johns Hopkins University in 1910. He remained at Hopkins until his retirement in 1938. During the early part of the century, Lovejoy published widely on a number of subjects: the history of religion, the history of philosophy, on pragmatism and realism, and on social and political questions. His concern for academic freedom led him in 1913 toward the establishment of an organization which culminated in the formation of the American Association of University Professors in 1915. During World War I, he was active in the National Security League and the YMCA. After the war, Lovejoy turned his attention to scholarship, particularly in philosophy and the history of ideas. His 1933 William James Lectures at Harvard were published in 1936 as The Great Chain of Being. He retired from Hopkins in 1938 to devote himself to his research. He then became involved in the planning of The Journal of the History of Ideas which began publication in 1940. During World War II Lovejoy was active politically and socially, serving as administrator, editor and writer for the Historical Service Board of the American Historical Association and for the Universities Committee on Post-War International Problems. He was a member of the American Committee for Cultural Freedom with a view to countering the Communist threat. He served as a member of the University of Maryland Board of Regents from 1951-1955. He also continued his scholarly work. Gradually his health declined and his eyesight failed completely. Arthur O. Lovejoy never married. He died in Baltimore on December 30, 1962. The papers of Arthur O. Lovejoy span the years 1872 to 1963 and include correspondence, manuscript notes for lectures, notebooks, diaries, newspaper clippings, reports, speeches, photographs, drafts, typescripts, galley proofs, and books owned and annotated by Lovejoy. The largest part of the collection filed in Boxes 1 to 59 contains Lovejoy's notes on notable philosophers including Emerson, Locke, Nietzche, and Santayana and his classroom lectures on the many topics of Philosophy including Realism, Vitalism, Evolution, and Meaning. Correspondence, filed in Boxes 72 to 84 forms another large segment of the collection. Some biographical material and family photographs are filed in Boxes 67-69 as well as Lovejoy's reports and papers dealing with academic freedom and post-war (World War II) problems. Other Finding Aids Note the presence of a Guide to the Lovejoy Correspondence, dating from 1974-1975, included in Box 85 as of May 2019. The papers of Arthur Oncken Lovejoy were a bequest to the University and were received in 1963. Lovejoy's published writings are described in: Wilson, Daniel J., Arthur O. Lovejoy: An Annotated Bibliography. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1982. Since 1963, when the papers were received by the University, the collection has been reviewed, indexed, and arranged at various times. In 1963, Marjorie Nicolson, an associate of Professor Lovejoy during 1923-26, examined the papers at the request of Hopkins professor, George Boas. She arranged some material into envelopes and noted the contents of each envelope on the outside, and that categorization has not been changed. Nicolson found that the three main subjects of the papers were Nature, Primitivism, and Romanticism, and that much of Lovejoy's research had formed the basis of his many published articles. Miss Nicolson also observed that Lovejoy may have been planning a book or series of articles on "The Romantic Theory of Knowledge," since some material deals with that topic. During 1974-1975, Daniel J. Wilson prepared a detailed index of the collection. He listed the subject or title of each item in the collection. A complete index to the large amount of correspondence was also prepared. In 1979, the papers were filed into different document boxes, but the original order that corresponds with Wilson's index was retained. In 1993, a container list was prepared to correctly list the material and the box numbers. The papers are now arranged by series since the latest revision was intended to follow Wilson's useful and complete index. In a general sense, the papers are arranged in the following order: lecture notes, diaries and notebooks, writings, biographical material, photographs, and correspondence. In 2005, an envelope of five French manuscripts, previously omitted from the container list, was found in the collection. A note on the envelope suggests Lovejoy purchased the humorous dialogues and poems in book stalls along the Seine. The manuscripts were placed in Box 66. For an analysis of the collection, see Marjorie Nicolson's letter, October 1963, in the Provenance File. Due to the legacy of different descriptions for this collection, and the migration of that information into and out of multiple systems, this collection was completely re-described in 2019. The arrangement was preserved, but the folder titles and scope and contents information was checked against the physical contents of the collection on a folder-by-folder basis. This version of the finding aid is the most up-to-date and complete listing available. Adler, Mortimer Jerome, 1902-2001 Albright, William Foxwell, 1891-1971 Allen, Don Cameron, 1903-1972 Ames, Joseph Sweetman, 1864-1943 Angell, James Rowland, 1869-1949 Baker, Newton Diehl, 1871-1937 Bergson, Henri, 1859-1941 Boas, George, 1891-1980 Bowman, Isaiah, 1878-1950 Brown, Carleton, 1869-1941 Buchner, Edward Franklin, 1868-1929 Burgess, G. K. (George Kimball), 1874-1932 Burnet, John, 1863-1928 Cattell, James McKeen, 1860-1944 Chew, Samuel C. (Samuel Claggett), 1888-1960 Cohen, Morris Raphael, 1880-1947 College teachers Coulter, John Merle, 1851-1928 Creighton, James Edwin, 1861-1924 Cross, Wilbur L. (Wilbur Lucius), 1862-1948 Driesch, Hans, 1867-1941 Dykstra, Clarence A. (Clarence Addison), 1883-1950 Eliot, Charles William, 1834-1926 Everett, Charles Carroll, 1829-1900 Fabian, Franklin, 1853-1939 Flexner, Abraham, 1866-1959 Gauss, Christian, 1878-1951 Gayley, Charles Mills, 1858-1932 Goodnow, Frank J., 1859-1939 Grandgent, C. H. (Charles Hall), 1862-1939 Greenlaw, Edwin, 1874-1931 Haupt, Paul, 1858-1926 Havens, Raymond Dexter, 1880-1954 Hocking, William Ernest, 1873-1966 Hollander , Jacob H. (Jacob Harry), 1871-1940 Hook, Sidney, 1902-1989 Hutchins, Robert Maynard, 1899-1977 Jackson, Dugald C. (Dugald Caleb), 1865-1951 James, Henry, 1879-1947 James, William, 1842-1910 Jastrow, Joseph, 1863-1944 Jennings, H. S. (Herbert Spencer), 1868-1947 Kirk, Grayson L. (Grayson Louis), 1903-1997 Krapp, George Philip, 1872-1934 Latané, John Holladay, 1869-1932 Lattimore, Owen, 1900-1989 Lerner, Max, 1902-1992 Lewis, Clarence Irving, 1883-1964 Lovejoy, Arthur O. (Arthur Oncken), 1873-1962 Lowe, Victor, 1907-1988 Malone, Kemp, 1889-1971 Mandelbaum, Maurice, 1908-1987 Meyer, Adolf, 1866-1950 Miller, Perry, 1905-1963 Montague, William Pepperell, 1873-1953 More, Paul Elmer, 1864-1937 Nicolson, Marjorie Hope, 1894-1981 Nitze, William Albert, 1876-1957 Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 1904-1967 Palmer, George Herbert, 1842-1933 Pearce, Roy Harvey Peirce, Charles S. (Charles Sanders), 1839-1914 Perry, Ralph Barton, 1876-1957 Philosophy, Modern Pound, Louise, 1872-1958 Pratt, James Bissett, 1875-1944 Pritchett, Henry S. (Henry Smith), 1857-1939 Randall, John Herman, 1871-1946 Remsen, Ira, 1846-1927 Robinson, David M. (David Moore), 1880-1958 Ross, Edward Alsworth, 1866-1951 Royce, Josiah, 1855-1916 Sabatier, Paul, 1854-1941 Sarton, George, 1884-1956 Schapiro, J. Salwyn (Jacob Salwyn), 1879-1973 School of Arts and Sciences. Department of Philosophy Seligman, Edwin R. A. (Edwin Robert Anderson), 1861-1939 Sheldon, Walter Lorenzo, 1858-1907 Smith, Norman Kemp, 1872-1958 Sorokin, Pitirim Aleksandrovich, 1889-1968 Spitzer, Leo, 1887-1960 Stewart, Herbert Leslie, 1882-1953 Stone, Harlan Fiske, 1872-1946 Stratton, George Malcolm, 1865-1957 Strong, Charles Augustus, 1862-1940 Tatlock, John S. P. (John Strong Perry), 1876-1948 Tinker, Chauncey Brewster, 1876-1963 Tufts, James Hayden, 1862-1942 Tydings, Millard E. (Millard Evelyn), 1890-1961 Tyler, H. W. (Harry Walter), 1863-1938 Viereck, Peter, 1916-2006 Watson, John B. (John Broadus), 1878-1958 Wiener, Philip P. (Philip Paul), 1905-1992 Wigmore, John Henry, 1863-1943 Willard, Daniel, 1861-1942 Willoughby, Westel Woodbury, 1867-1945 Woodbridge, Frederick James Eugene, 1867-1940 Yerkes, Robert Mearns, 1876-1956 speeches (documents) Part of the Special Collections Repository https://www.library.jhu.edu/library-departments/special-collections/ The Sheridan Libraries 3400 N Charles St Baltimore MD 21218 USA specialcollections@lists.jhu.edu [Name of folder or item], [Date], [Box number], [Folder number], [Collection title], [Collection number], Special Collections, The Johns Hopkins University. http://aspace.library.jhu.edu/repositories/3/resources/54 Accessed July 18, 2019. Collection is open for use.' /> Reference this link: http://aspace.library.jhu.edu/repositories/3/resources/54 Corresponding Repository Peabody Archives peabodyarchives@lists.jhu.edu Arthur Friedheim Library 1 E. Mount Vernon Place John Work Garrett Library (Evergreen Museum and Library) View Staff Interface \| Powered by ArchivesSpace v2.5.1	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1741
__label__cc	0.719826	0.280174	Thursday, August 18, 2011 -TAP - The Caretaker Government will carry on its mission till the organisation of the National Constituent Assembly's elections next October 23, Caretaker Prime Minister Béji Caid Essebsi said. Speaking during a meeting held on Thursday in Tunis, with attendance of representatives of political parties, national authorities and civil society components, Mr. Béji Caid Essebsi focused his address on the requirements of the current stage. He explained that the government is open to all the ideas and proposals and is keen on reinforcing the independence of justice. Mr. Caid Essebsi added that the government in co-ordination with the High Authority for the Achievement of the Revolution Objectives, Political Reform and Democratic Transition, is ready to prosecute the symbols of the dissolved constitutional democratic rally (RCD) who are still at large.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1743
__label__wiki	0.562916	0.562916	Colombia Overview: Colombia’s civil war continues, with left-wing rebels controlling large areas in southern and eastern Colombia, while right-wing militias are being disarmed by the government . The largest of these rebel groups, FARC, controls a territory the size of Belgium in southern Colombia. In recent years, the government has taken a hard-line with these rebels and, with the assistance of the United States, has launched a major offensive against the rebels in recent years. Colombia remains the largest source of hard drugs to North America, but the US-led Plan Colombia is designed to destroy much of Colombia’s drug producing capabilities. Colombia’s economy is dependent upon coffee and oil exports. Foreign investment is needed to diversify the economy, but will remain small until the civil war is brought to an end. Official Name – Republic of Colombia Capital – Bogota Government Type – Republic Head of State and Government – President Juan Manuel Santos (since 2010) Population – 47,699,000 Total GDP (US$) – $282 billion Per Capita GDP at PPP (US$) – $14,130 Currency – Colombian peso Other Recent Events Current Key Political Issue Demographic and Environmental Outlook: Colombia: Recent Political Events and Changes Conservative parties that are opposed to the government’s peace deal with the FARC rebel group did very well in March 2018’s parliamentary elections. The right-wing Democratic Center party, led by former President Alvaro Uribe, won the largest number of seats in the parliament on a platform of opposing President Santos’ peace deal with the FARC. Meanwhile, the new FARC political party fared poorly in these elections, winning just 0.4% of the vote. Nevertheless, the FARC is guaranteed five seats in each of the two houses of the parliament. Polls taken in recent months showed that the right-wing candidate Ivan Duque had surged ahead of his main rivals, the left-wing candidate Gustavo Petro and the centrist Sergio Fajardo, ahead of this year’s presidential election. President Santos announced that his government would resume peace talks with the left-wing ELN rebel group, following a six-week hiatus. Colombia: Recent Economic Events and Changes Colombia’s economy expanded by a disappointing 2.2% on a year-on-year basis in the first quarter of this year, the eighth consecutive quarter in which economic growth in that country was below 3%. Low commodity prices continued to hold down growth in what had been expected to be one of Latin America’s fastest-growing economies. The government forecast economic growth of 3.0% for Colombia in 2018. Colombia’s inflation rate remained unchanged at 3.1% year-on-year in April 2018. The country’s central bank cut interest rates by 25 basis points to 4.25% in April 2018. • Colombia’s unemployment rate fell sharply to 9.4% in March 2018. In recent months, hundreds of thousands of Venezuelans crossed into Colombia in search of jobs, food or other basic goods due to the economic collapse in their country. This placed great strains on the areas of Colombia near to the border with Venezuela. The government announced plans to dramatically expand the amount of land in Colombia that will be set aside for national parks. In April 2018, Colombia’s largest drug gang, the Gulf Clan, carried out a bomb attack in northwestern Colombia that resulted in the deaths of eight police officers. As a result of this attack, President Santos ordered his country’s security forces to launch a major crackdown against the Gulf Clan, which is estimated to have as many as 1,800 members. Colombia Political Outlook Colombia: Current Government Colombia’s political system allows the president to wield most of the political power in the country. Former Defense Minister Juan Manuel Santos was elected president in 2010, replacing Alvaro Uribe. After taking office, President Santos brought in an almost entirely new cabinet, despite sharing many of the same policies as his predecessor. In April 2016, President Santos reshuffled his cabinet in a bid to boost the prospects of reaching a peace deal with the FARC rebel group. Many leading members of the previous cabinet retained their posts in the wake of this reshuffle. Head of State and Government – President Juan Manuel Santos Vice President – Oscar Naranjo Minister of Foreign Affairs – Maria Angela Holguin Minister of Finance – Mauricio Cardenas Minister of the Interior – Guillermo Rivera Florez Minister of Mines and Energy – German Arce Minister of Defense – Luis Carlos Villegas Minister of Justice – Enrique Gil Botero Profile of Former President Juan Manuel Santos President Santos was elected president in 2010, replacing popular President Alvaro Uribe, who was barred from seeking a third term in office by the country’s constitutional court. Prior to becoming president, he served as defense minister in the Uribe government between 2006 and 2009 where he took a hard-line against FARC rebels. His family has deep roots in Colombian politics, paving the way for his ascension to the presidency. President Santos was diagnosed with prostate cancer in late 2012. In 2014, President Santos won another term in office in an election that was dominated by the president’s efforts to reach a peace deal with the FARC rebels. President Santos made his name by calling for a greater effort to eradicate the FARC rebellion and was instrument in many of the successes the Uribe government had in their fight against the rebels. However, President Santos, once he took office, moved to launch peace talks with the FARC that were opposed by his predecessor. On the economic front, he has moved to invest more money and resources into improving Colombia’s infrastructure and in reducing the country’s level of unemployment. Colombia: Most Recent Elections Presidential Election – May and June 2014 Summary of the Last Elections: The 2014 presidential election was dominated by the issue of the government’s peace talks with the FARC rebels. Former President Alvaro Uribe was staunchly opposed to these peace talks and gave his backing to opposition candidate Oscar Ivan Zuluaga. No candidate won the 50% of the vote required to avoid a run-off election in the first round of voting in Colombia’s presidential election in May 2014. Surprisingly, President Santos finished only in second place with 25.6% of the vote. The first place finisher in the first round of voting was another center-right candidate, Oscar Ivan Zuluaga, who won 29.3% of the vote. Mr. Zuluaga was opposed to the government’s peace talks with the FARC rebels. In the second round of voting in Colombia’s presidential election in June 2014, President Santos won a narrow victory. President Santos won 51.0% of the vote, while Mr. Zuluaga won 45.0% of the vote Colombia’s Leading Political Forces: Liberal Party (PL) The PL has traditionally been the leading party in Colombia. Only when the Conservatives held power from 1886 to 1930 was the PL out of power for a long period. However, the PL’s future looks increasingly uncertain thanks to the popularity conservative parties aligned with the country’s last two presidents. The PL supports market reforms to liberalize the economy, but it once favored more social welfare policies. The PL will likely move more to the center-left to counter the rise of independent candidates on the right. Having seen the demise of their traditional PSC rivals, the Liberals too must be concerned about their future in Colombia’s rapidly changing political landscape. However, the PL is still one of the largest parties in Colombia’s parliament, but it must assert its logistical and organizational advantages to defeat smaller rivals in the future. Colombia’s Leading Political Forces: Colombian Conservative Party (PCC) The PCC is Colombia’s other major traditional leading political party. However, the emergence of Alvaro Uribe over the last decade erased much of the distinction between conservative groups. Nevertheless, the party remains the second-largest party in the country’s parliament. The PCC supports some government involvement in the economy. The PCC has moved to take a more hard-line stance against Colombian rebel groups as the party has weakened. The PCC has failed to find a leader who can challenge for the leadership position of Colombia’s political right in recent years. Moreover, the party has already split into various factions and it remains to be seen who will consolidate the center-right in Colombia Social Party of National Unity The Social Party of National Unity, or the Party of the U, is the leading party in Colombian politics at present. The party was formed as a vehicle to support former President Alvaro Uribe and is now led by President Juan Manuel Santos, who was elected president in 2010. The party is also the largest party in Colombia’s parliament. The party’s economic policies are focused on attracting more investment to Colombia through lower taxes and more support for the country’s business sector. The party also takes a hard-line stance towards the FARC rebels, vowing to crush the rebels and bring an end to their decades-long insurgency. It remains to be seen if President Santos will be able to maintain the party’s unity to the degree that President Uribe was able to do. If he cannot, there is a risk that the party will fragment, as it has been based on personalities as much as on policies and ideas. Key Political Issue in Colombia Colombia’s Civil War Between 1948 and 2010, Colombia has known only seven years of peace. The country’s civil war has ravaged the economy and killed thousands of people. The fighting has even spread to neighboring countries, as evidenced by the 2008 raid on a FARC rebel base in Ecuador. The latest incarnation was a three-way war between the government, left-wing rebels and right-wing paramilitary forces. Most of the financing for these non-government forces comes from drugs. The government’s harder line against left-wing rebels has convinced many right-wing militants to lay down their arms in recent years. Moreover, the Colombian armed forces have maintained the pressure on the FARC rebels in recent years, driving them deeper into the jungle. The Protagonists The Elected Government In recent years, the government has stepped up efforts to defeat the rebel groups. The United States The US gov’t. is backing the government against drug producers (which finance the rebels). FARC Based mostly in the south, these left-wing rebels now are financed through drug sales. ELN A smaller left-wing group known for kidnapping western businessmen. AUC This right-wing faction controls areas of northern Colombia and has fought rebels and the gov’t. Colombian society’s rigid divisions ensure that civil conflict will continue in some form, even if the government succeeds in destroying the various rebel factions. Plan Colombia The United States initiated “Plan Colombia” in 2000 under President Bill Clinton. The program has provided Colombia with major amounts of military and economic aid from the United States. The program’s objectives are to curtail drug production and defeat rebel groups controlling large areas of Colombian territory. Colombia is the source of more than half of the world’s cocaine and is a growing source of heroin. Thus far, much progress has been made as a result of Plan Colombia. Right-wing rebel groups have largely disarmed after reaching deals with the government. Coca and opium output has fallen, although this decline has been uneven. Left-wing rebel groups are under increasing pressure from US-trained Colombian forces. The recent peace talks between the government and the FARC rebels was due in large part to the improved capabilities of the Colombian armed forces. Plan Colombia has been a success, so far. However, the threat of an upswing in violence in Colombia remains firmly in place. Furthermore, this project will only curtail drug production if other countries in the region such as Peru and Bolivia also take steps to reduce drug output. Colombia: International Relations Outlook Colombia’s unrest has often spilled across its borders into neighboring countries. One particular worry for the right-wing government in power in Colombia is the fact that it is surrounded by left leaning governments, including a hostile government in Venezuela. The government will maintain close ties with the United States in its bid to end the long-running civil war in Colombia. Furthermore, Colombia’s war on the drug trade will continue to be the focus of much international attention. Colombia: Political Risk Outlook Colombia faces some of the highest political risk levels in the Western Hemisphere as a result of the country’s ongoing civil war. However, the conservative government has taken the first steps to reduce this risk by increasing the pressure on the various militant groups that have destabilized Colombia. If a peace deal could be reached between the Colombian government and the far-left FARC rebels, political risk levels in Colombia would fall sharply. Colombia: Economic Overview Colombia’s natural resources remain the basis for the country’s economy. A substantial oil and gas industry exists as well as large mining operations. Colombia is also one of the world’s leading coffee producers. Political unrest has severely hindered Colombia’s economic expansion. Outside of the few key industries, foreign investment has been held back by the threat of political unrest. The service and manufacturing sectors hold great potential, but this will not be realized until peace is achieved. Meanwhile, Colombia has one of the most liberal economies in the region. Until long-term peace is achieved, Colombia will remain dependent upon oil and coffee exports. • This will continue to leave Colombia exposed to external forces out of its control. If peace can be reached, Colombia has tremendous potential to become a center of manufacturing and tourism, helping to diversify the country’s economy. Colombia: Wealth Comparisons Poverty is a major problem for Colombia, as economic growth has remained relatively low. Colombian wealth levels have fallen sharply due to the country’s political unrest of previous decades. Wealth disparity levels in Colombia are among the largest in the world. Colombia could be a much wealthier country if not for its devastating civil war. However, given the fact that peace is unlikely, and population growth will continue to be substantial, Colombia’s per capita GDP is likely to remain low for the foreseeable future Colombia: GDP Growth Outlook Economic growth rates held steady in 2013 and 2014 as export demand for Colombian natural resources has not grown as had been hoped. However, a sharp fall in the price of oil and other natural resources led to much lower rates of economic growth in recent years. Colombian growth will trend upwards later in the forecast period as foreign investment levels rise together with improved political stability. As always, peace and security will be the keys to sustainable growth in Colombia. Colombia: Key Economic Sector The Coffee Industry Colombia’s coffee industry is under threat from growing foreign competition. Brazil remains the world’s dominant producer. Asian countries such as Indonesia and Vietnam are rapidly expanding their output and both countries have overtaken Colombia is terms of coffee production in recent years. Colombian coffee is the most expensive to produce in the world. Major competitors have far lower labor and logistics costs than Colombia. Colombia’s coffee industry will continue to fall behind international competition. • Moreover, the country’s massive advertising campaigns promoting the quality of Colombian coffee have failed to stem this decline and the government has decided to scale back on these promotions. The Oil and Gas Industry Colombia’s oil and gas industry has rebounded in recent years, with output rising sharply. • Before the recent boom, the government has warned that Colombia could become an oil importer in the coming years. This led to the government aggressively trying to attract more foreign investment in the field of oil exploration. Meanwhile, most experts believe that new finds will be made in Colombia as large areas have yet to be explored for oil. However, the political risk levels involved have been too high for most companies. Colombia’s oil industry has new hope thanks to new oil discoveries and an improving political climate in Colombia. While exploration projects will attract more foreign investment, the future of the industry depends upon finding new oil fields in Colombia. While Purchasing power levels in Colombia remain well behind those of Latin America’s larger economies, the gap has narrowed in recent years and is forecast to continue to do so over the course of the next few years. Colombia: Inflation Outlook Inflation fell sharply in previous years as the government has managed to bring prices under control. However, a weak currency led to a spike in inflation in recent years. Currency fluctuations and energy prices in the long-term hold the risk for future rises in the inflation rate later in the forecast period. Colombia: Foreign Trade Overview The United States in the dominant trading partner with Colombia, though potential trade with Colombia’s neighbors is significant. The current account balance continues to be affected by lower oil prices, though both hold the potential for increased output if more foreign investment can be attracted to those sectors. Colombia: Foreign Investment The political unrest in recent decades had deterred most foreign companies from investing in Colombia. Only the oil and mining sectors have received large scale foreign investment to date. Colombia has one of South America’s most liberal foreign investment regimes. Peace will lead to a drastic upsurge in foreign investment, if it can be achieved. Nearly all political parties in Colombia support liberal foreign investment laws. If long-term peace and stability could be achieved, Colombia would have the potential to be one of the leading FDI recipients in the Western Hemisphere. With a growing population, strategic location and access to the US market, Colombia has the potential to be a center of export and domestic-oriented operations, similar to Mexico. In 2014 and 2015, the peso suffered a sharp depreciation against the US dollar and many other currencies, before rebounding slightly in 2016 and 2017. Looking ahead, the peso is forecast to stabilize against the US dollar and most other major currencies. Colombia: Labor Force Colombia’s high rate of unemployment is a key issue facing the government. More jobs need to be created, particularly for Colombia’s growing urban population. Colombia’s high unemployment and small labor unions have resulted in a weakening of the position of workers. This has resulted in relatively low pay rates for unskilled labor in Colombia. Violence is a major problem for Colombian labor. Many union leaders have been murdered in recent years. Colombian unemployment rate has stagnated in recent years due to the economic slowdown during this period. Job creation will be a key factor in allowing stability to take hold in Colombia in the years ahead. Current Outlook : The government’s fiscal balance has fluctuated wildly in recent years. Lower economic growth rates led to a sharp increase in Colombia’s fiscal deficit in recent years. Colombia’s fiscal deficit is forecast to remain high over the near-term, before declining later in the forecast period as a stronger economy raises government revenues. Stability Spreads In the wake of the peace deal between the government and the FARC rebels, stability will spread to more areas of Colombia. A Global Power Vacuum Whether by design or due to internal political unrest, the United States’ ”America First” policies are resulting in power vacuums forming in many of the world’s most volatile regions. New Rebellions While peace has come to much of Colombia, the potential for new uprisings against the government, and of lawless areas of the country, could rise in the coming years. Even Lower Natural Resources Prices A further decline in the price of oil and other natural resources would lead to a major economic slowdown in Colombia. Colombia: Economic Risk Outlook Political instability has also led to higher economic risk levels as it has severely limited potential foreign investment in Colombia and limited the government’s ability to promote economic development. Furthermore, Colombia’s key export revenue generators, such as coffee, are facing increasing pressure from international competition that is threatening to lower prices to dangerously low levels. Colombia Demographic and Environmental Outlook Colombia’s population growth will make it easily the second most populous country in South America as well as the second largest Spanish-speaking country in the world. However, without a long period of peace and stability, this growth will result in nothing more than poverty and misery for most new Colombians. With one of the highest birth rates in Latin America, Colombia has experienced rapid population growth. This has resulted in one of the youngest populations in the region and this will remain the case for the foreseeable future. Composition of Colombia’s Population Mestizos (mixed white and Amerindian) make up over half the population of Colombia. Unmixed whites, who make up a further twenty percent, comprise most of the country’s upper class. Much of the black and mixed-black population live along the Pacific coast and in larger cities. Spanish is the official language of Colombia. More than 40 Amerindian languages are also spoken in Colombia. English is compulsory in school and spoken by most educated people in Colombia The Roman Catholic Church is the official state religion of Colombia. Though church attendance is declining, the Roman Catholic Church still wields a great deal of power in the country. Colombia: Leading Urban Centers Colombia’s main urban areas have all experienced rapid population growth in recent decades. Bogota remains Colombia’s dominant cities, but populations have also risen rapidly in cities such as Medellin, Cali and Barranquilla. Key Demographic Issue in Colombia Colombia’s population growth has seen it pull away from Argentina and Peru as the second most populous country in South America. This is the result of high birth rates that existed in the country until the 1970s. Beginning in the early 1970s Colombia enacted a series of government-sponsored family planning programs. The effects of these programs began to really be felt in the 1980s. Other factors, such as industrialization and urbanization have also helped contribute to Colombia’s declining birth rate. Colombia’s family planning programs may have saved the country from unmanageable population growth. Nevertheless, Colombia’s population in 2050 will be more than 40% higher than it is today. Colombia: Key Social Issue Demographic Risk Outlook Social risks, such as crime, are at dangerous levels in Colombia and threatening the future of the country Colombia is at risk of major natural disasters, with many occurring in recent decades By Agrilend\| 2019-01-02T13:10:43+00:00 January 2nd, 2019\|Uncategorized\|0 Comments	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1744
__label__wiki	0.754361	0.754361	Endtimes Loading As NDLEA Arrests 95-Year-Old Man For Dealing In Indian Hemp The Ondo State Command of the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency has arrested a 95-year-man, James Salihu, for allegedly dealing in Indian hemp. It was gathered on Wednesday that the suspect was arrested by detectives from the state command of the agency in Supare Akoko in the Akoko South West Local Government Area of the state. A source at the command stated that the suspect was apprehended following a tip-off by some members of the community. “Salihu is a notorious drug addict and he has been operating in that community for many years without being caught, but this time, he could not escape being arrested by the NDLEA officers,” the source said. It was, however, gathered that the nonagenarian was not in a good condition of health, which made the command to grant him an administrative bail with a doctor detailed to monitor and attend to him. The source insisted that the suspect would be prosecuted in accordance with the law. “He (Salihu) will be transferred to Akure as soon as his health condition is stable for onward prosecution inthe court of law. Nobody is above the law irrespective of their age, sex or social class. He has been arrested for a criminal offence and it is only the court that can pronounce him guilty or otherwise,” the source stated. In his reaction, the state Commander of the NDLEA, Mr Haruna Gagara, who confirmed the development, described the suspect as an irresponsible old man, who failed to live an exemplary life worthy of emulation by the younger ones. The commander added that the suspect would be prosecuted as soon as he was confirmed fit by the medical doctor. https://www.google.com/amp/s/punchng.com/ndlea-nabs-95-year-old-man-for-dealing-in-indian-hemp/amp/	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1746
__label__cc	0.659457	0.340543	The Atlanta Pops Orchestra concluded their 70th Anniversary season with the release of a Christmas record entitled In The Spirit: A Celebration of the Holidays featuring John Driskell Hopkins, a founding member of Zac Brown Band. Recorded at 800 East Studios in Atlanta in August 2015, the record is the first full length album recorded by the orchestra in over 30 years, and features brand new arrangements by Wes Funderburk of Christmas classics, including “Do You Hear What I Hear?”, “Blue Christmas” and “You’re a Mean One Mr. Grinch.” Special guests on the record include Laura Bell Bundy, Indigo Girls and Balsam Range. The recording is available for purchase here. News, Uncategorized Balsam Range, Christmas music, Christmas record, Holidays, In The Spirit, Indigo Girls, John Driskell Hopkins, Laura Bell Bundy, Zac Brown Band. permalink. 70th Anniversary Gala Celebration Almost Elton John at The Fred	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1749
__label__cc	0.731067	0.268933	Romanian hacker arrested for breaching NASA servers November 16, 2011adminBitWise, News and Info A 26-year old Romanian hacker has been arrested for damaging computer systems at NASA, according to a release from the Romanian Directorate for Investigating Organized Crime and Terrorism (DIICOT). Robert Butyka is charged with breaking into an unspecified number of servers at NASA starting in December of 2010. NASA has become something of a reputation-building target for Romanian hackers. In an unrelated security breach in May of this year, another Romanian hacker claimed to have stolen classified satellite data from servers at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center. That hacker, who calls himself TinKode, posted screen shots from an FTP server related to NASA’s SERVIR Earth observation program, which provides data to relief agencies and other humanitarian organizations. And in 2008, another Romanian, Victor Faur, was convicted in Romania of hacking NASA and US Navy sites in 2005 and 2006. He avoided jail time, but was fined $238,000 to compensate the US for damages. Romania has no extradition treaty, so the case is being brought against Butyka under Romania’s own anti-hacking laws. According to a report from Lucian Constantin of IDG News Service, Butyka is an unemployed self-taught hacker who went by the online name of “Iceman,” and a resident of the western Romanian city of Cluj. He’s being held for 24 hours with a court hearing pending to determine if his pretrial detention will be extended. DIICOT alleges that he caused over $500,000 in damage to NASA systems through “introduction, modification and damage to computer data, and restricting access to data.” Source: Arstechnica computer, hacker, nasa, pc	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1751
__label__wiki	0.783212	0.783212	Quetzal – Imaginaries Title: Imaginaries Artist: Quetzal Label: Smithsonian Folkways Formats: CD, MP3 Imaginaries is the latest release from Los Angeles Chicano band Quetzal. A balanced and well produced mix of different musical traditions—Mexican son jarocho, rock, R&B, jazz, and various Afro-Caribbean genres like son montuno and salsa—constitute the band’s signature sound. In this album, though, this mix is represented in a more mature and integrated form of fusion, where the jarocho elements are slightly less preponderant and meld evenly with sounds from other parts of the Americas. Quetzal was founded in 1992 in East Los Angeles by guitarist Quetzal Flores, who was inspired by the racial uprisings and social movements in the area at that time. Quetzal East LA (the band’s full name) engages in political activism, writing lyrics that serve as a social critique and championing multiple ethnically based musical traditions that represent various aspects of Chicano cultural identity. Quetzal’s latest release, Imaginaries, is a twelve-song album, which is put together using a variety of musical instruments that provide rich sonorities and a broad aural landscape. Besides the conventional rock band format (electric guitar, electric bass, and drumkit), the listener will enjoy other musical instruments that originate from local contexts, like jaranas (different kinds of typical Mexican lutes), cajon (a wooden percussion box, from Peru) and other kinds of Latino percussion, along with musical flourishes from bowed strings, keyboards, and a moderate use of sound effects, not to mention the incredibly soulful voices of Martha and Gabriel Gonzalez. While the opening track (“2+0+1+2=cinco”) is a 5/4-time jarocho based song with Spanish lyrics, other tracks, like “Time Will Tell” and “Witness,” are straight-forward rhythm and blues songs with English lyrics. Others, such as “Por eso,” include a more complicated mix of funk, Cuban timba, Mexican jarocho, and salsa, which is paired with Spanish lyrics that praise difference, freedom, autonomy, and personal inspiration. Following is the trailer for the album: Quetzal’s Imaginaries is high quality production that reflects contemporary life in Los Angeles and many other parts of the world. It reminds listeners that national, regional, and local cultures cannot be separated anymore, and that ethnic diversity and multiculturalism should be understood in terms of richness, productivity, and vibrancy. Reviewed by Juan Sebastian Rojas This entry was posted in Latin, Popular, Rock, and Misc. by aaamc. Bookmark the permalink.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1752
__label__wiki	0.753227	0.753227	Tag Archives: Kronos Quartet DJ Spooky and the Kronos Quartet – Rebirth of a Nation Title: Rebirth of a Nation Artist: DJ Spooky and the Kronos Quartet Label: Cantaloupe Music Formats: CD/DVD; wav and MP3 (audio only) Rebirth of a Nation was DJ Spooky’s (i.e. Paul D. Miller’s) first large scale multimedia piece, made in collaboration with the Kronos Quartet and premiered in 2004 at the Lincoln Center Festival, Spoleto Festival USA, Weiner Festwochen, and the Festival d’Automne á Paris. It has since been given some fifty times as a live performance, and the studio recording of the soundtrack heard here was made in 2007, but this combined CD/DVD release from Cantaloupe Music marks the first time the full musical score has been available as a separate entity. The film Rebirth of a Nation is a re-imagining, or “remix,” of D.W. Griffith’s notorious 1915 feature The Birth of a Nation, which—with apologies to Al Gore—truly may be the most ‘inconvenient truth’ in the history of cinema. The radical cinematic style, three-hour running time, sense of grandeur and the relentless publicity machine that fueled The Birth of a Nation’s prosperity spelled doom to the lowly Nickelodeon and paved the way for ambitious film epics of all kinds, and American film history cannot dispense with it. But its corrigenda of the Ku Klux Klan as the salvation of the American South in the post-Civil war period, and its vilification of African Americans, helped to revive a sleeping Klan into a new round of vigilantism that flourished into the early 1920s. Although Griffith’s centennial was widely observed and celebrated in 1975, in the years to follow screenings of The Birth of a Nation were picketed and often cancelled, and Griffith’s name was removed from the Director’s Guild of America’s Award in 1999. Shutting down screenings of The Birth of a Nation doesn’t make the film go away, and suppressing it only prevents younger generations from seeing how prevalent and mainstream white supremacy was a century ago. DJ Spooky feels that some of the complex, painful and malevolent themes in The Birth of Nation still connect with America as it is in the twenty-first century, and utilizes digital editing, graphics, inserts, narration and a hip hop music track to render the hundred-year-old film into a commentary on itself. Collaborating with the Kronos Quartet, DJ Spooky’s work has a strongly post-classical feel and largely avoids nostalgic gestures that would normally play to the subject matter, save samples of wailing harmonica and occasional banjo-like pizzicati from Kronos. The character sketches, such as “Stoneman” and “Cameron,” seem the most successful from a purely musical standpoint, as if the persons connected to these names in the film elicited the most involved responses from the composer. Nevertheless it is difficult to appreciate the music without its visuals; some of the pieces are very restrained, and are understated even for film music, which is normally a little under the action. Rebirth of a Nation, the film (2008), runs about half the length of Griffith’s original and even that is a lot of screen time to cover; given that there is narration, but there’s also no direct dialog from the actors—the soundtrack has to be wall-to-wall. Without the visuals, the score comes across as partly inspired and partly padded. Rebirth of a Nation is nonetheless an interesting investigation into William S. Burroughs’ idea that by cutting something up, you may be able to reveal the truth in it, neutralize it or at least recast it into another context, and there’s every reason to experience this project in the form that Cantaloupe Music has packaged it in; DVD and music, whereas before there was only a downmarket DVD and the music was only available as excepts. Listen on Spotify here. Reviewed by David N. Lewis Posted in Classical Music, Soundtracks and Spoken Word \| Tagged DJ Spooky, Kronos Quartet, Rebirth of a Nation	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1753
__label__wiki	0.679555	0.679555	: Bach Centre: The Story of Mount Vernon << Go Back Bach Centre: The Story of Mount Vernon In 1986 Judy Ramsell Howard, now Director of the Bach Centre, wrote a short book about the Centre and its history. The Story of Mount Vernon has been in print ever since, and is now in its eighth edition. Anybody interested in village life will find it a fascinating read. The Story of Mount Vernon starts in 1934, when Dr Bach found himself in Wallingford, visiting a patient. He liked the look of the area and asked his assistant Nora Weeks to find a cottage where he could settle down. Nora arrived the next day and set out on her search. Walking out of Wallingford she came to Brightwell-cum-Sotwell and asked at the village shop if there were any cottages that might be available to rent. The girl in the shop told her there was an empty house in Bakers Lane. Nora went to see the landlord, and soon – after the cleaners had gone over the house, which had been empty for some time – Dr Bach and Nora Weeks moved in. Mount Vernon was Dr Bach’s first proper home in four years, as he had been travelling since leaving London in 1930. The Story of Mount Vernon tells how he threw himself into digging and weeding, and building garden paths from the broken slates and stones he salvaged. Life early on at Mount Vernon was rather primitive. As in many of Brightwell-cum-Sotwell’s cottages at the time, there was no running water. They only had a couple of deckchairs and iron bedsteads for furniture. Later Dr Bach turned his hand to building his own armchairs, tables and desks, and he enjoyed boiling the copper for his tin bath. After Dr Bach’s death Nora Weeks lived on at Mount Vernon until her death in 1978. In those years the Bach remedies became much better known, and along the way supporters of Dr Bach’s work raised the money to allow Nora to purchase the house. That was in 1958, and the trust set up for the purpose – The Dr Edward Bach Healing Trust, now a registered charity – still owns the house today. The normal retail price of The Story of Mount Vernon is £3.95, but from now until the end of the year readers of The Villager can get a copy for only £2. Just bring your copy of The Villager to the Centre with you and ask for the discount. Stefan Ball	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1755
__label__wiki	0.587907	0.587907	What is Psilocybin (psilocybian mushrooms) Psilocybin (4-phosphoryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine) is a psychedelic, phosphorylated derivative of psilocin (indole derivative of tryptamine) an alkaloid from the family of tryptamines found in Psilocybe mushrooms (Psilocybe), panaeolus (Panaeolus), stropharia (Stropharia), anellaria (Anellaria) and some others. Chemical formula of psilocin C12H17N2O4P. Mushrooms containing psilocybin and psilocin are cosmopolitan and widely distributed in almost all continents. Mushrooms of the genus Psilocybe-saprophytes. They settle on the soil, dead branches and stems of plants, found on sawdust, many live on sphagnum bogs, peat, manure. Meet in the forest on forest humus. In medicine, psilocybin is used as an adjunct to the treatment of certain neuroses, because it awakens the "affective memory". Memories of past events can manifest themselves so clearly that the almost forgotten past is perceived as vividly as the present. This facilitates a constructive analysis of the factors that caused neurosis. Because of its narcotic effects psilocybin is often used by drug addicts. Psilocybin is similar in its action to LSD, but unlike LSD there is a large "naturalness" of sensations and emotionality, as well as, sometimes, the "sacredness" of the resulting experiences. The action of psilocybin lasts approximately 4-7 hours. Consequences of the use of psilocybin: On the part of psilocybin, there are no cases of physical dependence and absentee syndrome, but its strong hallucinogenic properties are the cause of mental dependence in persons chronically abusing the drug. This drug, endlessly used by young people, carries with it all the dangers threatening from psychedelics in General. The minimum effective dose of psilocybin in which you can set the first changes in perception - 3-6 mg.it corresponds to 0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg for an adult weighing 60 kg. Sufficient dose for an adult - an average of about 10 mg. Lethal dose - 100 mg/kg body weight, it means 6000 - 7000 mg for an adult. After ingestion, most of the psilocybin is converted into its active metabolite psilocin, whose activity is about 50% less. No deaths are known to have resulted from the use of fungi or synthetic psilocybin. In a number of questionable cases, death occurred due to the use of other highly toxic substances with mushrooms. Signs of use of psilocybin: There are several signs of use of psilocybin, depending on the phase in which the user is: The first phase begins in ten, twenty-five minutes from the moment of introduction of a drug into an organism. In it, the patient's attention is turned inward. First appear unpleasant symptoms: osalemisest, dizzy, half-conscious and feeling of fear. Within the next thirty minutes, they are joined by sweating, impaired coordination, and confusion of thought. Active attention of the individual disturbed increased auditory and visual sensitivity. The person as though is" under attack " from all parties of a set of external irritants. Contact with the environment is weakening, as the personality gradually overflows with subjective experiences. The patient answers only a few questions and is not interested in maintaining contact with the outside world. Second phase the person is transported into a world of unusual visions and hallucinations from very pleasant to frightening and bizarre. As in other cases of the use of psychedelics, these impressions depend primarily on the fact that man carries within himself. He seeks to keep a distance between yourself and others. All the attention is concentrated on inner feelings. His emotional reactions are completely inexplicable to an outsider. In the third phase, the patient is extremely passive, shows no initiative or interest. He's emotionally amorphous. Time and space have no meaning for him. Dominate various unreal sensations. Some authors describe the state of out of body in this phase. The impression that the soul has left the body and was watching him from the side. After the expiration of mushroom about for several days can stay after-effect, sometimes called "the afterglow", expressed in a General state of peace and a small increase in perception. From the history of psilocybin: The history of hallucinogenic mushrooms goes back many millennia. When a person first tried these mushrooms is not known to anyone. Western civilization first encountered them during the colonization of America. The discovery of Columbus brought Europeans not only new lands and new riches, but also introduced them to the alien and mysterious Indian culture, thousands of years developing in isolation. We will not go into such a jungle, and start the history of psilocybin since its chemical synthesis. 1958-Psilocybin was first isolated by albert Hofmann. 1960-1961 – Timothy Leary and Richard Alpert begin a series of experiments with Harvard graduate students, using pure psilocybin. 1960s – the pill (the pill) psilocybine that produces them well-known laboratory Sandoz. 1960s – Hofmann gives synthetic psilocybin to Maria Sabina. April 1962 – 20 students at Boston University participate in "psilocybin" experiment. October 24, 1968-Possession of psilocybin and psilocin becomes illegal. 1970-a well-known law on drug control "law on the Regulation and Control of drug Abuse 1970" (U.S. Drug Abuse Regulation and Control Act of 1970) (List I, II). It "places" most of the known hallucinogens (LSD, psilocybin, psilocin, mescaline, peyote, hashish, and MDA) in List I. Cocaine Bush, cocaine and intravenous methamphetamine in List II. Other amphetamines and stimulants, including non-intravenous methamphetamine in Schedule III. 1960-1977 – Psilocybin is being studied as a drug for psychotherapeutic purposes throughout the 1960s and 1970s. All studies are planned up to 1990 was completed in 1977. 5 June, 2002 Japan. Mushrooms become illegal, they can not be sold in Japan. They are not allowed to drink, but the well-known Japanese pre-stores allowed to sell all the mushrooms.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1758
__label__cc	0.693387	0.306613	Taking Our Hawaii Experience to the Next Level Posted on September 28, 2013 by lesleycarter We flew into Hawaii in the dark. The view from the airplane window was black; I couldn’t even tell when we were about to touch down. We drove to our resort in the dark, again with zero visibility of The Big Island. I couldn’t tell if we were surrounded by a luscious tropical forest or an endless mound of dirt. So when we sat in the helicopter for our Paradise Helicopters tour it was like we had been blindfolded for the unbelievable unveiling making our experience that much more drastic. We were about to embark on the Volcano and Valley Landing tour and experience The Big Island from the next level. Five major volcanos, breathtaking mountain ranges, stunning white and black sand beaches, lush waterfalls, 2,000′ valley walls, dramatic coastlines, 11 different climate zones, and a touch down lunch—this is Hawaii Paradise Helicopters style! The unique scenery we encountered during our air adventure is attributed to the fact that The Big Island is the largest and youngest island in the Hawaiian islands chain. It’s larger than all of the other Hawaiian Islands combined, and it’s impossible to view all of it from the ground. We started with an exploration of the activity at Kilauea crater, which was Darren’s favorite part of the adventure. Searching for volcanic action, we weaved over hot spots and turned left and right for the best views. There is something about the massive destruction and chaos of volcanos that draws men. The four men in the helicopter outnumbered the three women and they each yelled with excitement every time we saw red “skylights”. The scorched, black land was a drastic contract to the lush rainforest of East Hawaii that we saw next. From East Hawaii to the Kohala valleys and waterfalls, my mouth was agape nonstop. This was the Hawaii I had envisioned and the endless beauty I had hoped to witness firsthand. Hundreds of waterfalls and rivers make this landscape lush and green. Beautiful coastal communities and mountain roads give this area a warm and inviting feel. It was in this beauty that our group landed at an exclusive location atop a mountain accessible only with Paradise Helicopters. We took the opportunity to get out of the helicopter and experience the amazing wonder first hand. It was a full senses experience. I breathed in the fresh scents, listened to the birds and the leaves rustling in the air, stepped onto the fresh mountain grass, looked out over the valley, and shared a delicious lunch with Darren. We were on top of the world. As a grand finale, we flew over the white sand beach resorts of Waikoloa and we were able to see our resort, Hilton Waikoloa Village, from above. The Kohala and North Kona resort area is home to many of the islands most exclusive hotels and resorts. Flying along the coast, we saw some of the most amazing beaches and bays the island has to offer. Crystal clear blue and emerald waters, coral reef, and white sand beaches were a normal view on this coast of The Big Island. I had no idea that The Big Island was a land of such stark contrasts. The helicopter flight opened our eyes to the possibilities on Hawaii. As first time visitors to Hawaii, there was no better way to explore the entire island than from a bird’s eye view. Paradise Helicopters unveiled the world. This entry was posted in Hawaii, Travel, USA and tagged bucket list, Bucket List Publications, bucketlist, Hawaii, Helicopter, Kona, Paradise Helicopters, travel by lesleycarter. Bookmark the permalink. 37 thoughts on “Taking Our Hawaii Experience to the Next Level” M on September 28, 2013 at 9:04 pm said: Such amazing photos. I am jealous and thinking if I will ever see Hawaii from a helicopter. :). Lucky lucky lady. kcsaling on September 28, 2013 at 9:51 pm said: Paradise Helicopters really are the best! They show you such a great view of the island! Glad you had a chance to experience this! JohnRH on September 28, 2013 at 10:10 pm said: Absolutely nothing like a bird’s eye view. Kauai is another great place for a heli-tour. The dry Waimea Canyon, the lush Napili coast, and tall waterfall rainforest that gets 400″ of rain a year. lavapix on September 28, 2013 at 10:43 pm said: You got to see my playground. Especially all of the barren lava fields I hike. Looks like you had great weather. Dad...Guess What?! on September 28, 2013 at 11:26 pm said: Super cool! I’m SO happy you all avoided Waikiki. petrakidd on September 28, 2013 at 11:37 pm said: Stunning pics! I went to Kauai, but never did the heli tour. Now I wish I had! Ben on September 29, 2013 at 1:15 am said: That volcano looks incredible! And what a stark contrast to the lush green forests surrounding it. If I ever visit Hawaii I will be sure to take a helicopter ride now, the landscape looks amazing. Great shots too, I imagine it’s not that easy out of a helicopter! Steven on September 29, 2013 at 1:47 am said: Amazing. I’ve only been to Maui where Leslie’s brother loves and I loved it, but really want to explore more of the islands. Beautiful images. Amresh Kumar on September 29, 2013 at 1:53 am said: wow!! Such a amazing photo and thanks for sharing your experience . I would like to go next year at hawaiii … surfnslide on September 29, 2013 at 1:58 am said: Hawaii is definitely on my wish list 🙂 royiii on September 29, 2013 at 4:12 am said: Those are fantastic photos! I just feel I need a holiday…. Vikram on September 29, 2013 at 4:26 am said: Superb write-up, well complemented with pictures!! Still a Runner on September 29, 2013 at 5:32 am said: One of the many great things about Hawaii is that – away from the highly populated and touristy areas – you can actually experience darkness. It’s amazing to look at the stars from that island location. camillemae on September 29, 2013 at 7:22 am said: I would love to go back to Hawaii and see it from a helicopter. Well written description! Let's CUT the Crap! on September 29, 2013 at 7:32 am said: W–O–W ! Makes a person feel small as an ant in these surroundings. Awesome pictures. I had no idea of this part of Hawaii. Melia Alexander on September 29, 2013 at 8:26 am said: I’m so happy you shared the photos! When we were there our helicopter tour was cancelled because it was too windy. I guess it’s just another reason to go back! 🙂 talesfromthemotherland on September 29, 2013 at 8:33 am said: Gorgeous, Lesley. Barry and I went here on our honeymoon (Hawai’i and Kauai), 26 years ago and took the same helicopter tour. We both got sick! But, loved the view from above… Our highlight was a tour of Waipi’o Valley (3rd from last picture) on horseback. I’m a very good rider and had a spanish pony, and one of the few residents of the valley took us around… including his paradise home: a small place, with taro and fruit, his kids playing in the falls. At the time, they bathed in the waterfalls! We became pen pals for a while, and I sent his kids books for a few years… in 1992 Hurricane Iniki came and wiped out the valley, and much of Kauai as well. We go often to Hawaii and NEVER get tired of it. It is such a unique part of the US… the most foreign state, I think. So special, culturally, geographically and in so many other ways! Glad you’re enjoying it. author \| a. j. adwen on September 29, 2013 at 9:08 am said: I went to Maui for my honeymoon. Vacation of a life time! Capt Jill on September 29, 2013 at 9:20 am said: beautiful pictures, that looks like a really great tour! Jean Alphin on September 29, 2013 at 10:38 am said: Just Gorgeous!!! Thanks for sharing!!! Angel on September 29, 2013 at 10:45 am said: Soo awesome I would love to go to Hawaii one day with my boyfriend! paranoiasnfm on September 29, 2013 at 1:10 pm said: That’s amazing! 😀 Ja @Ja on the RUN on September 29, 2013 at 4:32 pm said: OMG! That looks soooo much fun! swedenole13 on September 29, 2013 at 8:38 pm said: Hey, thanks for posting these photos of your heli-trip! I am spending a couple months on the big Island this coming winter and you’ve just given me a sneak preview! Thanks so much! Enjoy your trip! Megan on September 30, 2013 at 10:50 am said: I did helicopter tours 2x (once departing off of Maui and the other on the Big Island). I was terrified, and I’ve told me husband that since I survived twice, I will not do it a 3rd time. Not a betting person! haha I loved it though, too. Amazing!!! I have family that lives on the Big Island and they brought us to a section that is closed off to people because of active lava flows, except for the people who live in that area. We were able to walk on the lava! It was crazy!!!! What an amazing place! Thanks for sharing your photos!!! The Rider on September 30, 2013 at 11:20 am said: Totally the other side of the world from us, totally different in every possible way, but it is really beautiful! chrisb-jwordsandimages on October 1, 2013 at 10:07 am said: Great photos, and what a wonderful time you’re having. Jen on October 2, 2013 at 10:48 am said: Lesley, your blog and pictures are amazing! Thank you for sharing! Hawaii is a second home for my family and I, as we used to live there in the 80’s (Navy brat) and we try and visit every other year or so. On September 21, I surprised my Mom for her birthday and we took the Magnum PI themed helicopter tour above the Northshore and waterfalls on Oahu. She was thrilled! This was our third trip with Paradise Helicopter and certainly not the last. We are hoping to take their tours in Hawaii and Maui someday. Thanks again for the great pictures – just makes us want to get back even sooner. me in transit on October 3, 2013 at 7:27 am said: Wau!!!! Wordscroll on October 3, 2013 at 12:44 pm said: My son just finished his four-year term in the Marines. He was stationed in Hawaii and is now attending Helicopter pilot school in Prescott Arizona. Your pictures are outstanding, and as I have really been missing him they have certainly grabbed my heart. Thank you for sharing! Pingback: 2013 Bucket List \| Bucket List Publications loreleydeargentina on October 23, 2013 at 3:02 pm said: I would love to do that!!!You are so lucky!! Pingback: Accepting Defeat or Recognizing Greatness \| Bucket List Publications harshani28 on January 14, 2014 at 10:21 am said: wow.lovely and amazing pics..You are so lucky!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Pingback: Taking Our Hawaii Experience to the Next Level \| thefitzgeraldtimes on September 11, 2016 at 10:55 pm said: I was in Hawaii last month vacationing at the Hilton in Waikoloa. I hope to return to Hawaii one day, but in Honolulu and Waikiki!!! http://www.ChristopherFitzgeraldTV.wordpress.com	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1760
__label__wiki	0.885009	0.885009	Heaven and Hell – Jimmy Murphy’s summer of 1958 June 20, 2016 by Fikri Jermadi When Wales lined up against Slovakia in their opening match of EURO 2016, Chris Coleman’s men took part in their first major tournament in nearly 60 years. Back then, as now, the coach was feted as a national hero. The difference was that 1958 was both the best and worst of times for Jimmy Murphy. That year began with huge strokes of luck. Appointed as part-time manager of Wales in 1956, Murphy was tasked with spearheading his country’s charge for the World Cup two years later. Unfortunately they failed, finishing second behind Czechoslovakia in their qualifying group. World politics would lend a helping hand. With a host of countries refusing to play Israel for a number of different reasons, Fifa were keen to ensure they didn’t qualify by default. Eventually the Red Dragons were drawn out of the hat, and it was a chance they gleefully accepted. They grabbed qualification with both hands, securing an aggregate 4-0 victory over Israel. He had to take leave from his full-time job to be there, but Murphy had vindicated his decision. Rightfully pleased with himself, he returned with a box of Israeli oranges in tow on the train from Cardiff to Manchester the next day. Wales might have been latecomers to the World Cup party, but on paper they had the players ready to get it going. Their 18-man squad included the likes of Cliff Jones of Tottenham Hotspurs and Swansea’s Ivor Allchurch, the Golden Boy of Welsh football. The selectors also picked his brother, Len, but many were focused on another pair of brothers. Mel Charles was an imposing defender in his own right. However, it was his older brother John for whom Juventus paid a British record fee in 1957. He was such a gentlemen they nicknamed him ‘the Gentle Giant’. That accolade was less true for both Juventus and the Italian FA. The Old Lady, wary of the long distances and chances of injury, were not keen to release their expensive signing for international matches. Charles ended up having to miss key matches, as well as his own brother’s wedding. More serious, however, was the chance of him missing the World Cup altogether. Juventus claimed they needed him for the preliminary rounds of Coppa Italia. This competition was reconceived primarily because the Italians didn’t qualify for the World Cup. For his part, Murphy believed the Welsh FA should have done more. He shook his head in dismay upon realising only a token letter was sent to secure Charles’ release. With the Italians digging their heels in, an official delegation would have better forced the issue. In the end, common sense eventually prevailed. A half-fit and travel-lagged Charles arriving at the team hotel on the Baltic Sea coast in Saltsjobaden, mere days before the start of the tournament. With him on board, Murphy decided against changing his formation and tactics; they might fancy it against Mexico, but Hungary and Sweden were formidable opponents. To maximise their chances, Murphy employed what the journalist Keith Dewhurst described as a ‘retreating defence’, similar to what the Austrian wunderteam had accomplished in the 1930s. Dewhurst described the tactics in When You Put On A Red Shirt: This was not so much a system of lines across the field as a funnel which packed the central areas but still had wide men ready to break The aim was not simply to enmesh superior teams, but to strike counter-blows through the speed of the outside left Cliff Jones and the class of John Charles and the Swansea inside forward Ivor Allchurch. Followers of Diego Simeone’s Atletico Madrid would not find this all too unfamiliar. Murphy couldn’t say the same for their first opponents. Four years prior, Hungary was one of the greatest sides in international football history. The prospect of facing the ‘Magical Magyars’ provoked more than a little trepidation when the draw was made. However, the 1956 Hungarian Revolution, with citizens protesting against the pro-Soviet government, had changed things. Many of their stars, such as Ferenc Puskas, Sandor Kocsis and Zoltan Czibor, fled west, and the national team lost much of its stardust. Those who remained perhaps saw the Red Dragons as a substitute for the Red Army, lashing out with high aggression in their first match. A John Charles header rescued a point for the Welsh, but he himself needed rescuing from his reckless opponents. “This was a different team,” said Charles in his biography, King Charles, “who wanted to kick more than play.” Murphy reflected on the brutality of the match on the three-hour bus ride to the hotel. He would have winced at some of the tackles, but thoughts of their next opponents would bring a smile to his face. Mexico were in terrible form, losing pre-tournament friendlies to club sides before being thrashed by their Swedish hosts 3-0 in their opening match. That was their ninth World Cup finals match in history, all of which have ended in defeat. As such, Murphy didn’t have a high opinion of them, though the ones he did have would come back to haunt him. “They’re only good for riding horses,” he proclaimed to his team. In the end, it was the North Americans who gave his team a rough ride. The crowd in Solna did not appreciate Wales’ defensive approach. Ivor Allchurch’s first half opener was drowned out by Jaime Belmonte’s last minute equaliser. The Hero of Solna had secured Mexico’s first ever World Cup point. As though tactical issues weren’t enough to occupy him, Bernard Joy brought little joy to Murphy at the hotel. The journalist was Arsenal’s intermediary, sent to entice him to Highbury as their manager. Murphy refused to even meet Joy at the team hotel. “We were dragged around corners,” wrote Dewhurst of the experience, “and from room to room, when Bernard’s imposing figure strolled into view.” His team put on a similar performance against Sweden. The hosts rested their own superstars of Niels Liedholm, Gunnar Gren and Kurt Hamrin, and the Welsh did little to put themselves out there. Taking it one step further, even John Charles was withdrawn into defence. Knowing that a point was enough, Murphy set up his team accordingly. For once, they got exactly what they wanted and deserved. It was a performance neither the public nor the press (or the players themselves) wanted, but it did mean Wales finish on level points with Hungary. A playoff between the two was decreed. Once again, the Hungarians got down and dirty, hacking the Welsh whenever possible. Some would expect protection from the officials, but not Murphy. He knew something was afoot when he noted the Soviet nationality of the referee. An Iron Curtain man in charge of a match with an Iron Curtain side? That context meant there was no contest in guessing how much leeway was given to the Hungarians. It didn’t help that his own team gave the Hungarians just as much. Lajos Tichy met a 33rd minute Laszlo Budai cross from the right wing. Unmarked just outside the six-yard box, he took his own sweet time, before slotting past Arsenal’s Jack Kelsey to put Hungary in front. Amidst the brutality arose a beauty. Ivor Allchurch lived up to his nickname, scoring a sublime first time volley from just inside the area. Think of Robin van Persie’s instinctive strike against Everton in 2011. It certainly left the Black Panther, Gyula Grosics, absolutely incensed at his defence. If that made him mad, what happened next would have blown his head off. Terry Medwin took advantage of a miscommunication in the Hungarian defence. Intercepting a short pass between keeper and defender, he scored to bring Wales through to the quarter-finals. Whether John Charles would make it was another question. In addition to an eyebrow cut in the Swedish match, a black eye and a limp was not what the doctor ordered for a match against any team, let alone a Brazilian one on an historic march. Murphy fumed, but there was little to be done. As a result, they lost their talismanic striker against the Brazilians. Instead, it was their opponents who found a new one. In another sparsely attended match, World Cup history was made. In the 66th minute, a teenage striker by the name of Edson Arantes do Nascimento bobbled in a lucky shot to win the match. It was Pelé’s first goal in the World Cup. By the tournament’s end, he and Brazil would win their first. Yet it could all have been so different. An early chance fell to Cliff Jones, who snuck between Brazilian lines. Perhaps because of nerves, or due to the surprise of the opportunity, he lashed the ball wide from just outside the six-yard box. As Murphy shouted expletives at his own player from the touchline, the Brazilian keeper Gilmar breathed a sigh of relief. For the Welsh, there would only be disappointment. Pele’s goal was the nail in their World Cup coffin. A dejected Murphy knew it the moment he went it. He admitted as much to the similarly disappointed John Charles on the bench. In a sense, that was the moment he felt dead again on the inside. It was a feeling that started four months earlier, on the 6th of February. Having arrived from Cardiff, he and the Israeli oranges took a cab to a deserted Old Trafford. International football was fun for a while, but his bread and butter duty was as assistant manager of Manchester United. Little did he know that a thousand miles away his life and its work would come crumbling down. On their way back from a triumphant European tie in Yugoslavia, the plane carrying the United players landed at Munich Airport. Attempting to take off again after refuelling, the plane crashed. 23 died from the crash, including eight footballers. Murphy himself might have been among those numbered. Ever the loyal lieutenant to Matt Busby, he would usually be found seated next to Matt on such journeys. Even the match programme in Belgrade listed him as present. He wasn’t, precisely because Busby had strongly encouraged him not to. It’s better for him to manage the second leg against Israel at Ninian Park. Taking place just a day before the crash, Murphy had to pick one or the other. Being excused by his boss meant Murphy did not travel with the team. In that sense, the World Cup had saved his life. Not that he realised it immediately. Back at Old Trafford, he was just about to celebrate that Welsh victory with a glass of Scotch. That was when Alma George, Busby’s secretary, conveyed the news of the crash. “I didn’t take it in at all,” he admitted in John Roberts’ The Team That Wouldn’t Die. “I just poured Alma a glass of sherry and carried on sipping my Scotch.” She repeated it, but still it didn’t sink in for Murphy. So she told me a third time and this time she started to cry, A good few minutes had elapsed and suddenly Alma’s words began to take effect on me. I went into my office and cried. He fell into despair from heights of euphoria. However, he had to pull himself together. The club needed him. Matt needed him. His players needed him. There was little time for that when he arrived at the Rechts de Isar hospital. At the end of a seven hour train journey, he saw many of his young charges, players he trained and molded in his image, lay dead or dying. He saw Matt Busby, who immediately tasked him with leading the club. “Keep the flag flying, Jimmy,” he whispered. Duncan Edwards is still regarded by many as one of the most talented players of all time. Lying immobile on a hospital bed then, he was flitting in and out of consciousness. He did, however, spot his mentor. “Oh, it’s you Jimmy,” he mumbled softly. Such was his attitude that his first thought was of their match that weekend. “Is the kick-off three o’clock?” Edwards would eventually succumb to his injuries, aged 21. His death, as well as those of others, affected Murphy immeasurably. Here was a man who had practically spent a lifetime nurturing and developing young footballers to fulfil their potential. Busby may have been credited with playing them, but it was Murphy who prepared them for that stage to begin with. It was him the players would approach, not Matt. “You couldn’t go and talk to Matt,” said George Best, the mercurial Manchester United legend, in his biography Bestie. “If I went to anyone, it was Jimmy Murphy. He was a lovely, lovely man. If there was something wrong, he’d be the one I’d go to and say, ‘I’m not happy about this.’ He was always fair to me.” A player’s man and a player’s coach, it’s difficult not to imagine Jimmy Murphy thinking of the Babes as he managed at the World Cup. He must have been filled with pride as Harry Gregg, who survived the air crash, went on to play for Northern Ireland in Sweden. Gregg even bested the likes of Lev Yashin to the best goalkeeper award. Another survivor, Bobby Charlton, was selected for the English. Murphy reckoned they would have done better had they played him as well. With a heavier heart, he may well have wondered of the impact Edwards, Byrne and Taylor would have made in Sweden that summer. “I said “cheerio” to Tommy Taylor, Duncan and all the lads in the gymnasium and told them I would see them back in the gymnasium on Friday,” he said in the book The Day A Team Died by Frank Taylor (the only journalist to survive the crash). “Only when they came back to Old Trafford they were in their coffins.” Heaven and hell came together, then, for Jimmy Murphy in that summer of 1958. After all, behind the strong public personality was a deeply religious person who loved his players as much as they cherished him, not just for his coaching abilities, but also simply as a man. On the pitch, he led Manchester United to an FA Cup final and his beloved Welsh national team the furthest they’ve ever been in history. Off it, his role extended beyond such professional accolades, serving as a light of beacon in his club and country’s greatest challenges. Posted in Featured, International, World CupTagged busby babes, jimmy murphy, Munich, Wales, World Cup Fikri Jermadi By day, I am a lecturer. By night, I make films. All day, I am an avid football fan. I intend to focus my writings on Asian football, with some segues once in a while. http://thoughtsonfilms.com FikriJermadi Amateur N’Golo Kante watched EURO 2012 on TV Podcast: Pre-game waffle amounts to nothing as Belgium batter Ireland	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1761
__label__wiki	0.734496	0.734496	Connecticut Health Investigative Team (http://c-hit.org/tag/joseph-iannicelli/) Joseph Iannicelli State Disciplines 9 Nurses; Reprimands LPN Who Failed To Seek Timely Care For Her Daughter By Kate Farrish \| March 7, 2019 A licensed practical nurse from Rocky Hill who was sentenced to nine months in prison in connection with her toddler being badly burned in a bathtub has had her license reprimanded by the state Board of Examiners for Nursing. On Wednesday, Shamique Martin was one of 9 nurses disciplined by the board. It placed her license on probation for four months and ordered her to take courses in ethics and being a mandated reporter of child abuse. In February, 2017, Rocky Hill police arrested her in connection with her daughter’s burns. In September 2017, Martin pleaded guilty to one count of risk of injury to a minor and one count of making a false statement. State Disciplines Eight Nurses By Kate Farrish \| June 21, 2017 The state Board of Examiners for Nursing on Wednesday disciplined eight nurses, including seven for cases involving the theft or abuse of drugs and alcohol. The board revoked the registered nurse license of Enrique Lopez of Washington Depot, finding that between September and December, while working at Life Spring Home Health Care of Waterbury, he took a drug used to treat panic attacks from patients, records show. He also failed to properly document medical records and falsified a drug record, state Department of Public Health records show. From June to November, he also took an anti-anxiety drug from a patient and offered to pay the patient’s cable bill in return for the drug, records show. The board also found that Lopez made inappropriate comments or had inappropriate physical contact with a patient, records show.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1763
__label__wiki	0.512837	0.512837	← Do you want to be a cowboy in Delhi? Food Map of India → Is India a tolerant society? Posted on March 7, 2010 by Chris Carr On one hand, you could say that India is a notably tolerant country. Conversely, many argue that this isn’t so. Conflicts within the country between different castes and classes leave the impression that India is not so tolerant. However, treatment of tourists and foreign immigrants reveal characteristics of a tolerant society. An article in the New York Times highlights some main points about tolerance in Indian society. Akash Kapur argues in an article (NYTimes Article) that despite India’s episodes of intolerance, India is an extremely tolerant society. Looking at the two sides of the argument I couldn’t come to a conclusion on whether or not India could be considered a tolerant society. As more and more western immigrants inhabit the country you would expect to see cultural clashes and rising tensions. However it doesn’t seem like, this is the case in India. There have been few episodes of hostility towards foreigners. Why is this? Tolerance is shown throughout India’s history. India is one of the most culturally diverse countries, with over 22 official languages and encompasses people following almost every major religion in the world. Political life in India is based on the concept of secularism, and a complete separation of church from state. Rather than portraying hostility towards religion, India maintains a state of indifference that may play an important part of India’s tolerant disposition. Secularism in India can be traced back to Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of India, who rejected the idea that India should form a religious state. It seems the tradition of religious tolerance in ancient India still prevails today. But does it really? Despite India’s tolerance toward the rest of the world, episodes of intolerance are still present in Indian society. For example, one of the most evident displays of intolerance is the discrimination against lower castes, in additions to communal riots highlighting persistent tensions between religious groups. There have been multiple clashes between Hindus and Christians and between Hindus and Muslims. In 2002 Hindu-Muslim riots broke out killing more that 1,000 people. In the early 1990’s Hindu-Muslim violence arose as a result of the destruction of a Muslim mosque by a Hindu mob. In the aftermath of the incident, 2,000 people were killed in the riots and the bomb blasts that accompanied the incident. More recently there were protests against a Bollywood star supporting Pakistanis on Indian cricket teams. These protests were instigated by Bal Thackery led Shiv Sena party. These are just a few examples of some of the intolerances that have surfaced within India. Another interesting article I found in the New York Times (Click Here) views tolerance as a weak pillar in India. In spite of all this, India is engaged and open with the rest of the world and as a result thriving. India has been able to work with other cultures enabling the Indian economy to gain a great deal of strength. Without a general attitude of tolerance, would the country have been able to accomplish its current economic success? Is India a tolerant society? Can tolerance be the foundation for economic prosperity in India? Is there something we can learn from India’s openness and engagement with the rest of the world? http://www.hindubooks.org/sudheer_birodkar/hindu_history/secularism.html – Jordan Wente Addendum from Hemanth Please consider the complexity of the country when making any judgement. It is still a 60 year young vibrant country with people coming from so many different races and cultures. Before the Indian Union was carved out in 1947, Indian people were never part of what you call an Indian State. There were more than 900 different princely states at that time. There were bound to be clashes given such diversity. Most British Commentators thought that the country was ungovernable and unmanageable. They thought it will break up into 900 different parts again before they even blinked. But Indian state has not only survived but thrived. We have had setbacks no doubt. Partition of India into India and Pakistan was the biggest of those, and a very challenging one at that because of religious overtones. Thousands lost lives because of the uncertainty over their status after partition. Pakistan turned into an Islamic Republic while India chose to be a secular state in spite of the fact that 80% of the population was Hindu majority. The state itself was founded on the pillars of respect and tolerance for all religions, and why not? Even Hinduism was not a single religion. It was a combination of multitude of religions which existed, clashed, and integrated . So, toleration for all religions was an in-built quantity. Second incident which tested Indian state’s secular credentials was the Khalistan movement by some radical organizations in Punjab. Third incident which really left a blot on our secular credentials was when historic Babri masjid (mosque) in Ayodhya was brought down. Hindus considered it a holy place as it was the birth place of lord Rama. When Muslim kings ruled India before the British, they destroyed the earlier shrines that existed and constructed mosques right over the sites. Some Hindu fanatics got together in 1992 and incited the crowd to destroy the mosque. That started a long and bloody communal riot. In 2002 as you have rightly pointed out, another communal riot happened which started with a group of Muslim fanatics burning a passenger compartment full of Hindus chanting “Hail lord Rama”. Aggressive proselytizing tactics by Christian groups were met with intense hatred by fanatical groups. All these and much more, is very much part of Indian History. In fact, I feel these were necessary speed-bumps in India’s progress in national reconciliation and regional power equation corrections. However, in general, toleration is appreciated, toleration is taught, and toleration is practiced in India. We as India, wouldn’t be existing if not for tolerance. In fact, I feel India is one of the most tolerant countries in the world, considering its diversity. See its leaders for instance. Dr. Manmohan Singh (India’s PM) is a practising Sikh which is a minority religion in India. Sonia Gandhi is the head of the Congress Party which is in power. She is an Italian catholic lady wed into the Nehru-Gandhi family and she is probably more powerful than the prime minister himself. Our recent president Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, was a Muslim, and he was a very popular head of the state. He was a leading missile and nuclear scientist. In India, like US, religion is not a qualification for success. Recently the prime minister of India made the following statement at a conclave which I believe very accurately describes India’s progress in spite of the hurdles. “While people all over are legitimately proud of India’s vibrant democracy, the Government had not been able to deliver in full measure on the enormous promise and potential of the country. I recognize the frustration well wishers feel when they lament why things don’t work faster or why well formulated plans and policies don’t get implemented as well as they should be. There is a price India is paying to carry all sections of its people along in national development, but the price is worth paying.” An Interesting Religious Map of India Start Slide Show with PicLens Lite This entry was posted in Uncategorized(t) . Bookmark the permalink. 4 Responses to Is India a tolerant society? Jordan Wente says: Thank you for the additional information. It was a hard topic to write about and information was limited. I agree with you, India is an extremely tolerant society given its size and diversity. I was not making any kind of judgements. My goal was to highlight India’s remarkable tolerance. In particular toward the rest of the world. While many western countries are running scared of globalization and integration, India has been able to embrace globalization and prosper from openly participation with the rest of the world, without bias toward religion or culture. I think that this is a direct result of India’s tolerant nature and diversity. My point was that maybe other countries could learn from how well India has been able to assimilate. In an effort to get feedback I left both sides open to discussion. In my research I found a few articles in the New York TImes that claimed that India is not a tolerant society based on various reasons and I provided some of those examples above. I found it interesting that even though India has had some rough patches, like every country has at one point or another, the article does not look at the bigger picture. So then I guess my question would have been better stated to say; Are these incidents evidence enough to classify India as an intolerant country? I personally think it’s remarkable that India can be made up of such a diverse peoples yet can still be governed through a democracy. I do think having so many different viewpoints slows the process way down, and because there are so many conflicting views, it’s difficult to gain a consensus on anything. They do seem to be making progress however (as opposed to our US democracy where congress is afraid of their shadows) Vitus Holzner says: Hemanth, I am not judging the content of either Jordan’s post or your addendum but I feel like changing people’s posts is not okay. If I submit something to be posted on this site, I want it to be posted unchanged (apart from typos etc). Please don’t get this the wrong way, I really appreciate your inside view on some of the topics posted here. I think your comments add value to the discussion and the content of this site. However, I think you should give your input in form of comments. -Vitus sachidananda says: Well articulated. There is no doubt on the issue of India’s tolerance society. Irrespective of periodical violence and indisciplined behaviour if Indian mass, India has shown commendable tolerance throughout its history. The sub countinent has been a bundle of regional states ruled by various kings and sects engaged in mutual conflict. They have been attacked by foreign rulers, subdued forcefully, converted, reconverted times and again. India has kissed everybody and assimilated everybody to its main stream slowly and permanently. Nowhere in world can one see such a diverse culture unified with a common thread of Indian culture. Whoever has come to India with whatever intention has been enamoured by it and has been infatuated by it. Hinduism is the mother religion of India and it has remained so with secularism its main plank. Be it Buddhism, Jainism, Islam, Sikhism, Christianity or any other sectarian identity, all have taken root on the gene of Indian culture and mingled with the social fabric of Hinduism. Tolerance is in the breathing of Indianness. It will be gross injustice to term Indian society as intolerant.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1765
__label__cc	0.59285	0.40715	The 25 - Storm (X-men) Most people my age grew up watching the X-men animated series of the 90's. It was a pretty big show and it adapted a lot of the comic book stories. Storm was always a standout because she could control the weather. How awesome is that? As I got more and more into comics, I grew to really like Storm. But the version of her I really dug was her punk phase with the mohawk. She just looked awesome. She's always been this larger than life strong woman, but the mohawk gave her this edge. She's been through quite a bit in recent years. She got married to the Black Panther and became a queen, but then the war between the X-men and the Avengers split them up pretty bad. With all that drama it made sense to her to ask Wolverine to chop off her hair and bring the mohawk back. So to me it's a statement, and I get it loud and clear. She doesn't wear the punk outfit anymore, but she does have a nifty new costume. And now she leads her own team of X-men comprised of only ladies, which is really cool. She's always been one of my favorite Marvel characters, because she has a lot of dimension to her. Things don't always work out for her, but she keeps moving forward. This piece is up in the store for you if you're a Storm fan. Add this Original Piece of Art to Your Collection Labels: black panther, drawing challenge, geek art, greatest female characters, marvel, marvel comics, original artwork, ororo munroe, pen and ink, salvatier, salvatier studios, shop indie, storm, tanoshiboy, x-men	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1771
__label__wiki	0.988439	0.988439	Home NEIGHBOURS If You Fire One Missile, We’ll Fire Three – How India, Pakistan... If You Fire One Missile, We’ll Fire Three – How India, Pakistan Nearly Went to War The simmering dispute erupted into conflict late last month when Indian and Pakistani warplanes engaged in a dogfight over Kashmir on Feb 27. — File photo used for illustrative purposes NEW DELHI/ISLAMABAD (Reuters) — The sparring between India and Pakistan last month threatened to spiral out of control and only interventions by US officials, including National Security Advisor John Bolton, headed off a bigger conflict, five sources familiar with the events said. At one stage, India threatened to fire at least six missiles at Pakistan, and Islamabad said it would respond with its own missile strikes “three times over”, according to Western diplomats and government sources in New Delhi, Islamabad and Washington. The way in which tensions suddenly worsened and threatened to trigger a war between the nuclear-armed nations shows how the Kashmir region, which both claim and is at the core of their enmity, remains one of the world’s most dangerous flashpoints. The exchanges did not get beyond threats, and there was no suggestion that the missiles involved were anything more than conventional weapons, but they created consternation in official circles in Washington, Beijing, and London. Reuters has pieced together the events that led to the most serious military crisis in South Asia since 2008, as well as the concerted diplomatic efforts to get both sides to back down. The simmering dispute erupted into conflict late last month when Indian and Pakistani warplanes engaged in a dogfight over Kashmir on Feb 27, a day after a raid by Indian jet fighters on what it said was a militant camp in Pakistan. Islamabad denied any militant camp exists in the area and said the Indian bombs exploded on an empty hillside. In their first such clash since the last war between the two nations in 1971, Pakistan downed an Indian plane and captured its pilot after he ejected in Pakistan-controlled Kashmir. Hours later, videos of the bloodied Indian pilot, handcuffed and blindfolded, appeared on social media, identifying himself to Pakistani interrogators, deepening anger in New Delhi. With Prime Minister Narendra Modi facing a general election in April-May, the government was under pressure to respond. That evening, Indian National Security Adviser Ajit Doval spoke over a secure line to the head of Pakistan’s Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), Asim Munir, to tell him India was not going to back off its new campaign of “counter-terrorism” even after the pilot’s capture, an Indian government source and a Western diplomat with knowledge of the conversations told Reuters in New Delhi. Doval told Munir that India’s fight was with the militant groups that freely operated from Pakistani soil and it was prepared to escalate, said the government source. A Pakistani government minister and a Western diplomat in Islamabad separately confirmed a specific Indian threat to use six missiles on targets inside Pakistan. They did not specify who delivered the threat or who received it, but the minister said Indian and Pakistani intelligence agencies “were communicating with each other during the fight, and even now they are communicating with each other”. Pakistan said it would counter any Indian missile attacks with many more launches of its own, the minister told Reuters, speaking on condition of anonymity. “We said if you will fire one missile, we will fire three. Whatever India will do, we will respond three times to that,” the Pakistani minister said. Doval’s office did not respond to a request for comment. India was not aware of any missile threat issued to Pakistan, a government official said in reply to a Reuters request for comment. Pakistan’s military declined to comment and Munir could not be reached for comment. Pakistan’s foreign ministry did not respond to a Reuters request for comment. TRUMP-KIM TALKS The crisis unfolded as US President Donald Trump was trying to hammer out an agreement with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un in Hanoi over its nuclear program. US security advisor Bolton was on the phone with Doval on the night of Feb 27 itself, and into the early hours of Feb 28, the second day of the Trump-Kim talks, in an attempt to defuse the situation, the Western diplomat in New Delhi and the Indian official said. Later, US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, who was also in Hanoi, also called both sides to seek a way out of the crisis. “Secretary Pompeo led diplomatic engagement directly, and that played an essential role in de-escalating the tensions between the two sides,” State Department deputy spokesperson Robert Palladino said in a briefing in Washington on March 5. A State Department official declined to comment when asked if they knew of the threats to use missiles. Pompeo spoke to Doval, the Indian and Pakistani Foreign Ministers Sushma Swaraj and Shah Mahmood Qureshi, respectively, Palladino said. US Indo-Pacific Command Admiral Phil Davidson told reporters in Singapore last week that he had separately been in touch with the Indian navy chief, Sunil Lanba, throughout the crisis. There was no immediate response from Lanba’s office to a question on the nature of the conversations. US efforts were focused on securing the quick release of the Indian pilot by Pakistan and winning an assurance from India it would pull back from the threat to fire rockets, the Western diplomat in New Delhi and officials in Washington said. “We made a lot of effort to get the international community involved in encouraging the two sides to de-escalate the situation because we fully realized how dangerous it was,” said a senior Trump administration official. The Pakistani minister said China and the United Arab Emirates also intervened. China’s foreign ministry did not respond to requests for comment. The government of the UAE said Abu Dhabi Crown Prince Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed al-Nahyan held talks with both Modi and Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan. India has not given details but has said it was in touch with major powers during the conflict. On the morning of Feb 28, Trump told reporters in Hanoi that he expected the crisis to end soon. “They have been going at it and we have been involved in trying to have them stop. Hopefully that is going to be coming to an end.” Later that afternoon, Khan announced in Pakistan’s parliament that the Indian pilot would be released, and he was sent back the next day. “I know last night there was a threat there could a missile attack on Pakistan, which got defused,” Khan said. “I know, our army stood prepared for retaliation of that attack.” The two countries have gone to war three times since both gained independence in 1947, the last time in 1971. The two armies are trading fire along the line of control that separates them in Kashmir, but the tensions appear contained for now. Diplomatic experts said that the latest crisis underlined the chances of misread signals and unpredictability in the ties between the nuclear-armed rivals, and the huge dangers. It still was not clear whether India had targeted a militant camp in Pakistan and whether there were any casualties, they said. “Indian and Pakistani leaders have long evinced confidence that they can understand each other’s deterrence signals and can de-escalate at will,” said Joshua White, a former White House official who is now at Johns Hopkins. “The fact that some of the most basic facts, intentions and attempted strategic signals of this crisis are still shrouded in mystery … should be a sobering reminder that neither country is in a position to easily control a crisis once it begins.”. Previous articleAirAsia CEO Quits Facebook After Live-Streaming of New Zealand Shooting Next articleFacebook Apologises to Dhruv Rathee for Account Ban over Hitler Post	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1774
__label__wiki	0.532619	0.532619	The Robert Glasper Trio @ Blue Note Jazz Club – Shows @ 8PM & 10:30PM (Doors @ 6PM & 9:45PM) Damion Reid – Drums Vicente Archer – Bass Houston native Robert Glasper had a strong musical influence in his mother who played piano and sang gospel music in church as well as in jazz and blues clubs. After moving to New York City to study at New School University, Glasper began performing with Christian McBride, Kenny Garrett, Terence Blanchard, and Roy Hargrove. After releasing his debut album Mood in 2003 Glasper signed to Blue Note Records. Two acclaimed acoustic albums followed—Canvas (2005) and In My Element (2007)—before he perfectly captured his unique duality with 2009’s Double-Booked which juxtaposed his acoustic Trio and hip hop-infused Experiment band. RGX’s 2012 breakout Black Radio album featured numerous notable vocalists and laid out a new paradigm for creative music reaching beyond entrenched genre boundaries to create a singular vision that drew from all reaches of contemporary black music, and won Best R&B Album at the 2013 GRAMMY Awards. RGX upped the ante with Black Radio 2 (2013), another genre-defying effort that took the Black Radio blueprint and built to even greater heights, winning Glasper a 2nd GRAMMY Award for Best Traditional R&B Performance. In 2015, Glasper reunited his original acoustic trio for the album Covered (The Robert Glasper Trio recorded live at Capitol Studios), which is GRAMMY-nominated for Best Jazz Instrumental Album. Glasper composed the original music for the Miles Davis film Miles Ahead, directed by and starring Don Cheadle. He is an official Steinway Artist. Blue Note Jazz Club	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1778
__label__wiki	0.79052	0.79052	With: Arnold Korff, Lulu Kyser-Korff, Lothar Mehnert, Paul Bildt, Olga Tschechowa, Paul Hartmann, Hermann Vallentin, Julius Falkenstein, Georg Zawatzky, Robert Leffler, Victor Bluetner, Walter Kurt Kuhle, Loni Nest Written by: Carl Mayer, based on a novel by Rudolf Stratz Directed by: F.W. Murnau The Haunted Castle (1921) Capturing the 'Castle' The Haunted Castle (1921) is the earliest of F.W. Murnau's existing films, and the earliest available on DVD. Like Phantom (1922), its title and its nearness in time to Murnau's popular masterpiece Nosferatu may lead viewers to believe that they're going to get another Expressionist chiller, full of creepy shadows. But it's really a brightly-lit murder mystery, in which the murder(s) take place entirely off camera. (There are some flashback and nightmare sequences with bits of horror.) Lord Vogelöd (Arnold Korff) hosts a hunting party at his castle, though continuing rains keep all the would-be hunters indoors. An unwelcome break in the boredom comes with the unexpected arrival of Count Oetsch (Lothar Mehnert). The Count has been accused, but not convicted, of the murder of his own brother. The problem is that the dead man's widow, the Baroness (Olga Tschechowa), has been invited and will soon arrive. But the Count will not leave. The Baroness sulks and broods and will only speak to a priest that is also visiting from Rome. I was able to see through most of the movie's twists, but once we get past the fact that this is not Nosferatu, it has its own share of striking moments, and it even has some rare attempts by Murnau at comedy. In 2019, Kino Lorber released The Haunted Castle together on a single Blu-ray disc with Murnau's The Finances of the Grand Duke; the image quality on both is delightfully crisp, with resounding piano scores. Historian David Kalat provides a commentary track for the latter.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1781
__label__cc	0.720569	0.279431	Company Seven is a resource for the international amateur and professional astronomy community, and a registered U.S. Department of Defense contractor. A hub of the regional amateur astronomy community, we also consult to a number of organizations including for and not for profit media. Our credentials include support of mission critical aspects of: NASA Hubble Space Telescope Repair Mission, the NASA International Comet Halley Watch, the NASA James Webb Space Telescope, and a variety of defense and law enforcement projects. Our ethic revolves about a philosophy of high ideals and good public service where profit is never the overriding concern. Our customers success is based on our offering counsel and very good to excellent products, some of which are very rare if not impossible to find elsewhere. Our staff is unexcelled in technical competence, and we provide a high degree of in-house quality control, and comprehensive programs of instruction. We maintain one of the last remaining and longest enduring astronomy-oriented showrooms, this is in Laurel, MD between Baltimore and Washington D.C. This incorporates a museum of rare and antique optical instruments. Also featured are a representative selection of the better amateur and institutional astronomical telescopes, nature watching and surveillance instruments, binoculars and accessories. Our showroom is open Monday through Fridays from 11 am to 6 pm, and Saturdays 11 am to 5 pm. We are closed on Sundays and U.S. Federal Holidays, and from 25 December through 1 January. For the benefit of distant visitors, the Washington, D.C. time and date are now: To learn more about how this site is arranged and how to navigate it, or for those new to Company Seven please Click Here. To learn more about the latest activities, web page changes, and developments at Company Seven then visit our News and Developments page. For those new to astronomy, we also provide Observing Plan Aids to help them learn the sky. This Site Last Updated: 3 September 2018 Match AllAny term in Search Index: [ All ] My Realm 1 On 8 January 2019 we celebrate 39 years of defining competence and integrity as a business, with 35 of these years promoting our hobby and our international astronomy community from our Laurel, Maryland showrooms We fondly remember: Bruce Roy Wrinkle (b. 7 August 1945, d. 28 April 2013) was the soul of our showroom; kind, witty, intelligent, and able to greet you with a funny joke. Bruce was was amazingly well read, able to hold conversations with doctors and scientists on matters from prions to dark matter. And he was our friend, a true friend in every sense of the word and every day without him lacks some luster. And Robert Kim Carter (b. 18 Jan 1962, d. 23 April 2005) whose friendship and support originally brought this site on line in 1994. Robert founded one of the first Internet Service Providers of "Internet Valley", Digital Gateway Systems, Inc. in Vienna, Virginia. DGS used to be to ISP's, as Company Seven is to our industry.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1784
__label__cc	0.728641	0.271359	Charlotte Amalie, US Virgin Islands Old San Juan, Puerto Rico Yolas at crash boat beach, Puerto Rico Falmouth Bay, Antigua St Croix, US Virgin Islands Saint Kitts, Saint Kitts and Nevis Caribbean snorkeling, Turks and Caicos Salt Cay, Turks and Caicos Today's Cruise Prices 84 When visiting the Eastern Caribbean, travelers often choose to explore the islands of Puerto Rico, St Kitts, the US Virgin Islands, the British Virgin Isles, Turks & Caicos and the Dominican Republican. For many, the allure of these islands is the less developed nature of them, as well as the customary stretches of white sand beaches and turquoise sea that everyone expects from a trip to the Caribbean. The islands sit just east and south of Cuba, and display the vast array in natural beauty and bounty as well as the diverse cultures and traditions on offer throughout the Caribbean. By and large they are far less built up, or built for tourism in the way that the more historically popular islands such as Bermuda and the Bahamas are. As a visitor to the Eastern Caribbean you are able to partake in the fantasy of the Caribbean, to live the dream of life on a paradisiacal island, but with the added benefit of being far from the maddening crowd; exploring unknown, but just as beautiful terrain. Turks and Caicos hold an almost magical place in many Caribbean visitors’ minds, being as they are such a perfect vision of the kind of tropical sanctuary holidaymakers dream of from busy offices and on cold trains as they plough through the winter working week. Turks and Caicos is a kind of paradise; undeveloped, but upscale; popular but not busy; a lovingly curated sense of tradition coupled with a forward looking attitude. There is plenty to do on Turks and Caicos, including whale watching during the January to May season, particularly off the shore of Salt Cay, a visit to the historical plantation of Cheshire Hall on Providenciales, which is also home to the Caribbean’s best golf course, visits to the famous conch farms, and a fascinating learning experience when kayaking in a clear bottom kayak through the saltmarshes and mangroves of Grand Turk. But there is no denying that the greatest allure of Turks and Caicos is the promise of a hidden, secretive, paradisiacal island sanctuary providing the holy trinity of sun, sea, and sand, but the with the added bonus of being a little further off the beaten track than usual and, therefore, serene, relaxing and rejuvenating, almost in the extreme. Grand Turk, less developed than the tourist center of Providenciales, is the island to head for if in search of such beachside bliss. There are, of course, grand opportunities galore for world class scuba diving and snorkeling, as well as the chance to explore a truly unique cave network on Middle Caicos. The US Virgin Islands also provide an opportunity to explore a more secluded, less built up side of the Caribbean, with many searching for such seclusion starting with the smallest island of the trio, St John, where tranquility and restorative beaches are the name of the game. Fans of hiking and walking will also have plenty to do on this charming island, but for many the real draw is the promise of some peace and quiet, coupled with an artistic outlook and burgeoning art scene. St John is something of an artistic community, providing a retreat for artists from not only the more frenetic energy of the US mainland, but also the more built up nature of other Caribbean islands. St Croix, and St Thomas, the two other main islands in the archipelago are fine purveyors of history and culture, and display this proudly in various museums and galleries, including the Camille Pisarro Gallery on St Thomas which displays some of the works, and reveals the history of the great Impressionist artist who was born and raised in Charlotte Amalie. You can also visit the Caribbean Museum Centre on St Croix, and witness the regeneration of various historically important Danish buildings from the 17th and 18th century in Frederiksted on the island. Other stops in the Eastern Caribbean typically include the Dominican Republic on the island of Hispaniola, Puerto Rico, St Kitts, the British Virgin Islands, and Antigua and Barbuda. All islands offer the verdant and vibrant beauty found elsewhere in the Caribbean, as well as the change of pace, and ‘life in the slow lane’ laid back attitude that many visitors to the area are actively seeking out. The Dominican Republic is a truly fascinating country to spend time in with an historical past as rocky as many of the island’s visually stunning sheer cliff faces. The island’s physical and geographical diversity is a wonder to explore and behold, with much of the interior rural, forested, and by-and-large unexplored by the majority of visitors to the area. This is not to say that there are not ample and easy ways in which to explore this lush vegetation. The rural interior is incredibly fertile, as you might expect, but perhaps more surprising is that four out of the five highest peaks in the Caribbean can be found in the DR, creating an awe inspiring distraction for any all-terrain loving hikers and explorers. As with much of the Caribbean, food and drink is a key part of the country’s culture, with cuisine taking center stage in the capital of Santo Domingo. The capital is a cosmopolitan city, on the shore of the Atlantic Ocean, a city which revels in its diversity, respects its past, is the home of the oldest church in the New World, has borne witness to most of the country’s difficult history and yet manages to maintain a warm, welcoming, and laid back attitude and vibrant and infectiously celebratory spirit. Any visit to this charming and characterful city is sure to change you. Known locally as Isla del Encanto, or “Island of Enchantment”, Puerto Rico holds much to enchant and charm for visitors to its welcoming shores. Sat just east of the Dominican Republican, Puerto Rico is a U.S. territory which recently voted in favor of statehood in the 2012 election. It uses US currency, and it is not necessary for travelers from the US to enter with a passport. All this, and much much more makes Puerto Rico an extremely attractive destination for American visitors to the Caribbean, although the island prides itself on being a site of exploration and relaxation for visitors from all over the world. With a history stretching back to 2,000 B.C. when the island was first inhabited, and encompassing the ‘discovery’ by Christopher Columbus in 1493, the Spanish-American war culminating in the island being brought under American control in 1898, and the very recent vote on statehood, it is unsurprisingly a hot topic on the island, and amongst both locals and travelers in the area. There has been a concerted effort made by the people of Puerto Rico to honor all aspects of the island’s history, and it would only be right as a visitor to their fine and beautiful country to do the same. Visit one of the indigenous parks which have been preserved for history and posterity as a way to ensure the remembrance of the island’s existence and inhabitants in the days before Columbus. Be sure also to take the time to properly enjoy and explore the many historical sites the island is home to, including the fortress of Castillo San Felipe del Morro, or ‘El Morro’ as it’s known locally which dates back to the 16th century, as well as the 18th century Castillo San Cristobal. In fact the island positively heaves with history and historical artifacts and buildings. The Hacienda Buena Vista, however, is a must-visit especially for any coffee fiends to the island, as it is a perfectly restored 19th century coffee plantation. And lest we forget the importance of a little coastal R&R when it comes to visiting the Caribbean, Puerto Rico is famous for its 300 beaches; that’s almost 270 miles of beach in an area almost as big as the state of Connecticut! There is even the opportunity to surf in Puerto Rico, known as it is as the “Hawaii of the Atlantic” this may come as a surprise to travelers more used to the calm waters of the Caribbean Sea. Where many travelers to the Caribbean are drawn towards the white sand beaches of their dream Paradise, St Kitts harbors just the opposite; black sand beaches. Dieppe Beach and Pump Bay are just two examples of where the volcanic rock deposits which make the sand black can be seen. This is not to say, of course, that the pristine white beaches the Caribbean is famous for cannot be found on St Kitts; quite the contrary in fact, there are white sand beaches galore, particularly on the Atlantic side of the island. St Kitts, like much of the Eastern Caribbean, is less well known than other islands, and benefits from being both secluded and unspoiled. Testament to this is the untouched rainforest which is, in fact growing, something very few rainforests can lay to, as well as the promise of as-yet undiscovered dive sites, and the exploration of the National Park which comprises a quarter of the land that St Kitts sits on. At odds with the island’s peaceful present is the rather more troubled past. Like much of the rest of the Eastern Caribbean, St Kitts has a far from tranquil history, one which is waiting to be discovered at various educational and fascinating historical sites, set in some of the island’s most beautiful spots. Those looking for an island paradise, complete with rest, relaxation, rejuvenation, sun, sea and sand could do worse than staying in the British Virgin Islands or Antigua and Barbuda. Both offer a bona fide island paradise experience, from the pristine white sand beaches, to the turquoise, crystal clear waters which lap at them, to the island cuisine of fresh fish and more fresh fish, and the vibrant island spirit so often missing from our everyday lives. There is plenty to do and distract in both cases, if that is what you’re searching for, from excellent diving opportunities, to charted catamarans, and jet skiing, as well as the bustling capital of Antigua St John’s. With a different beach for everyday of the year on Antigua, there’s enough here to keep you busy for a good long while, but being busy isn’t exactly why people come the Eastern Caribbean; so grab a cold beer, a good book, and head down to the beach. You can find cruise deals for all the following cruise lines traveling to Eastern Caribbean. If you can't find what you are looking for then pick up the phone and speak to one of our travel specialists. Depart feeling like you've experienced a taste of what it’s like to live the high life. One word that can sum up this line is ‘excellence’. While the kids enjoy fun activities in the youth club, adults can unwind in the MSC Aurea Spa. Offers a plethora of activities and facilities to keep guests busy and entertained, with plenty for all. This cruise line stays innovative and creative to stay at the top of its game. Whether you’re young or young-at-heart, you're guaranteed to enjoy cruises that come with Disney magic. One of the world’s most luxurious and elegant cruise lines with some of the world’s most renowned ships. You can find cruise deals for all the following cruise ships traveling to Eastern Caribbean. If you can't find what you are looking for then pick up the phone and speak to one of our travel specialists. Dine at the unique Normandie Restaurant, inspired by one of the most popular cruise liners ever. Explore the stunning works of art and lavish decor of this classy ship, which is themed after New York City. The first MSC ship to be christened in the US, boasting the most interactive water park at sea. The newest and largest ship by far in the Holland America Line This ship is a wonderful sight to behold thanks to its outward beauty and sheer size. One of the world's largest cruise ship, offering an unparalleled selection of things to do. One of the world's largest cruise ships, boasting an abundance of facilities, with plenty for everyone. A luxurious and spacious ship with grand staircases, lavish décor and a friendly, intimate atmosphere. It really is an art lover’s ship, skilfully and creatively designed to give passengers a unique experience. The Carnival Waterworks waterpark has more slides than on any other ship. This ship has something for everyone, from top-quality stage shows to thrilling watersides. Thinking of cruising towards Eastern Caribbean? Take a look at the following cruise ports you can visit along the way. If you can't find what you are looking for then pick up the phone and speak to one of our travel specialists. Cape Liberty The cruise port of Bayonne, a multicultural city that's home to one of the world's longest arch bridges. Home to one of the world's oldest synagogues, as well as a multitude of historical and modern attractions. An island with many historical buildings, as well as clear waters that are popular for whale-watching. A colorful capital with a unique blend of French and British culture, home to many landmarks and monuments. These books have been carefully selected by our travel specialists to provide you with a deeper insight into the region that you will be visiting. If you would like to discuss a particular region further pick up the phone and speak to one of our specialists. A Deadly Silver Sea An Embarrassment of Mangoes Cereus Blooms at Night The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao To Have and Have Not Wind from the Carolinas Browse some of the amazing journeys that we have to this destination. If you can't find what you are looking for then pick up the phone and speak to one of our travel specialists. Day 1: Cape Liberty, UNITED STATES Day 2: At Sea Day 6: Charlotte Amalie, VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 6 nights Cape Liberty to San Juan Day 3: Grand Turk, TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS Day 3: Oranjestad, ARUBA Day 4: Willemstad, CURAÇAO Day 5: Kralendijk, BONAIRE, SINT EUSTATIUS AND SABA Day 3: Basseterre, SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS Day 4: St. John's, ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA Day 5: Castries, SAINT LUCIA Day 6: Labadee, HAITI Day 6: Amber Cove, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC Day 1: Pointe-a-Pitre, GUADELOUPE Day 2: Road Town, VIRGIN ISLANDS, BRITISH Day 4: Roseau, DOMINICA Day 7: Fort-de-France, MARTINIQUE 7 nights Pointe-a-Pitre (Roundtrip)	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1785
__label__wiki	0.776638	0.776638	Difference between revisions of "3DO Interactive Multiplayer" Elisaverna (Talk \| contribs) (→‎Development) Finnb (Talk \| contribs) (Undo revision 12498 by Egugecuge (Talk)) [[Image:3DO1.png\|thumb\|right\|alt=3DO\|The first model of the 3DO, released in 1993.]] The 3DO Interactive Multiplayer was a video game console developed by the 3DO Company and manufactured in the U.S. by Panasonic from 1993 until 1995. The console and the 3DO company are historically known for being a business failure, having sold few 3DO consoles, and subsequently games, due to the console’s $699 price tag. This article will not focus on the failures of the 3DO and will instead look at the technological impacts the console had on the gaming industry. This article will specifically expand on Zelinski’s argument that “…computer-centered media has come to focus on the operation and design of the interface. This boundary between media users and media devices simultaneously divides and connects two different spheres: that of the active users of the machines and that of the active machines and programs” (Zelinski, 259) as well as Alex Galloway’s similar observation that there are “two basic types of action in video games: machine actions and operator actions…acts performed by players” (Galloway, 5). This article will not only focus on 3DO technology as ground-breaking for the home console, but will also examine how the console has continued to survive as a rare pop culture oddity through the efforts of gamers. The 3DO Interactive Multiplayer was a video game console developed by the 3DO Company and manufactured in the U.S. by Panasonic from 1993 until 1995. The console and the 3DO company are historically known for being a business failure, having sold few 3DO consoles, and subsequently games, due to the console’s $699 price tag. This article will not focus on the failures of the 3DO and will instead look at the technological impacts the console had on the gaming industry. This article will specifically expand on Zielinski’s argument that “…computer-centered media has come to focus on the operation and design of the interface. This boundary between media users and media devices simultaneously divides and connects two different spheres: that of the active users of the machines and that of the active machines and programs” (Zielinski, 259) as well as Alex Galloway’s similar observation that there are “two basic types of action in video games: machine actions and operator actions…acts performed by players” (Galloway, 5). This article will not only focus on 3DO technology as ground-breaking for the home console, but will also examine how the console has continued to survive as a rare pop culture oddity through the efforts of gamers. ==Design and Technology== ===Physical Design=== [[Image:3DO2.png\|thumb\|left\|alt=3DO\|The second model of the 3DO, the FZ-10, released in 1994.]] Like most computers and home consoles, the 3DO is completely encased in an opaque (black, in this case) plastic box that does not show any of the system’s hardware. The first 3DO model was square and looked similar to a VHS player, while the second model was sleeker and more contemporary looking. The physical design of the 3DO allowed the system’s functions to be masked entirely, creating an environment similar to the “darkened room” or “chamber” of the camera obscura. Much like how the camera obscura allowed for an extraordinary visual experience through “…the representation of an exterior phenomenon [which] occurs within the rectilinear confines of a darkened room, a chamber, or in Locke’s words, an ‘empty cabinet,’” the gaming console exhibits this same sort of magic. Gamers are allowed a fantastical experience limited to the confines of the game that are “magically” produced by a black box. The user needs limited working knowledge of how the device operates in order to gain the visual (and audio) experience, and the machine does not necessarily need any user input in order to produce the experience (i.e. you menu and load pages), thus allowing the machine and the user to exist independently, “…the spectator is a more free-floating inhabitant of the darkness, a marginal supplementary presence independent of the machinery of representation” (Crarey, 41). Like most computers and home consoles, the 3DO is completely encased in an opaque (black, in this case) plastic box that does not show any of the system’s hardware. The first 3DO model was square and looked similar to a VHS player, while the second model was sleeker and more contemporary looking. The physical design of the 3DO allowed the system’s functions to be masked entirely, creating an environment similar to the “darkened room” or “chamber” of the camera obscura. Much like how the camera obscura allowed for an extraordinary visual experience through “…the representation of an exterior phenomenon [which] occurs within the rectilinear confines of a darkened room, a chamber, or in Locke’s words, an ‘empty cabinet,’” the gaming console exhibits this same sort of magic. The user needs limited working knowledge of how the device operates in order to gain the visual (and audio) experience, and the machine does not necessarily need any user input in order to produce the experience (i.e. menu and load pages), thus allowing the machine and the user to exist independently, making “…the spectator...a more free-floating inhabitant of the darkness, a marginal supplementary presence independent of the machinery of representation” (Crarey, 41). ===Hardware=== ====Core System Architecture==== The 3DO was equipped with a ARM60 32-bit central processing unit. And had 1MB of video RAM. The ARM60 is now obsolete, and at the time the only other system that had an ARM60 RISC was the Zerlink GPS Receiver. The 3DO had several “folios” that allowed a relationship between several aspects of hardware and software. For example, the audio folio allowed for the creation and manipulation of sound effects and music. The 3DO was also the first home console that provided a visual display for music, so that when you played CDs a visual moving image would appear and change with the music, similar to older Windows screen savers. A 3-D folio was also developed for the console (but not released) and would have been used to create 3-D effects. The 3DO also had a digital control port, similar to the Mac ADB port, as opposed to an analog control port. The 3DO was equipped with a 32-bit central processing unit and had 1MB of video RAM. The 3DO had several “folios” that allowed a relationship between several aspects of hardware and software. For example, the audio folio allowed for the creation and manipulation of sound effects and music. The 3DO was also the first home console that provided a visual display for music, so that when you played CDs a visual moving image would appear and change with the music, similar to older Windows screen savers. A 3-D folio was also developed for the console (but not released) and would have been used to create 3-D effects. The 3DO also had a digital control port, similar to the Mac ADB port, as opposed to an analog control port. ====Peripherals==== The 3DO had standard gaming peripherals such as controllers and a laser gun, however, one significant difference in the 3DO controllers that was new at the time was there was only one controller port on the console. Other controllers had to be linked to the original controller, creating a “daisy chain” that allowed for 8 controllers to be used on one console. While this may have been uncomfortable, few consoles at the time allowed for such a high number of controllers to be connected to one console. Other innovative peripherals were developed for the 3DO but never released. AT&T developed an external modem for the 3DO that would create a network using voice-over-data technology for users to talk to each other. External memory devices were also developed for the 3DO, specifically a 128K memory card that was developed by TDK and would allow players to store games externally. Additionally, computer plug-in cards were developed to allow users to play 3DO games on computer screens, which extended the life of the console beyond the television and made the 3DO a potentially versatile entertainment system. Unfortunately, the 3DO ceased production before any of these peripherals could be popularized. Other innovative peripherals were developed for the 3DO but never released. AT&T developed an external modem for the 3DO that would create a network using voice-over-data technology for users to talk to each other. External memory devices were also developed for the 3DO, specifically a memory card that would allow players to store games externally (Terlecki). Additionally, computer plug-in cards were developed to allow users to play 3DO games on computer screens, which extended the life of the console beyond the television. Unfortunately, the 3DO ceased production before any of these peripherals could be popularized. ===Software=== ====CD-ROM==== [[Image:ROMcartridges.png\|thumb\|right\|alt=3DO\|Video games on ROM cartridges, now obsolete for the home console.]] The 3DO was one of the first home gaming consoles to use CD-ROMs, which are a remediation of ROM cartridges (now obsolete for the home console). Initially, CD-ROMs were not seen as a progressive change, because “cartridges were directly connected to the system’s working memory, and could be read instantly” (Therrien, 121). CD-ROMs required a longer loading time and were initially considered an inferior medium by gamers, but they could hold more information, making them appealing to game developers, and were cheaper to produce. Since CDs were originally intended for audio playback, the music accompanying many early CD-ROM games was of superior quality, and several gamers would purchase games for the music accompanying game play (Therrien, 123). Most importantly, having a CD-ROM drive allowed the 3DO to not only play games, but audio CDs and photo CDs as well, allowing it to extend beyond gaming and achieve the multi-purpose entertainment vision Hawkins envisioned. The 3DO was one of the first home gaming consoles to use CD-ROMs, which are a remediation of ROM cartridges (now obsolete for the home console). Initially, CD-ROMs were not seen as a progressive change, because “cartridges were directly connected to the system’s working memory, and could be read instantly” (Therrien, 121). CD-ROMs required a longer loading time and were initially considered an inferior medium by gamers, but they could hold more information, making them appealing to game developers, and were cheaper to produce. Since CDs were originally intended for audio playback, the music accompanying many early CD-ROM games was of superior quality, and several gamers would purchase games for the music accompanying game play (Therrien, 123). Most importantly, having a CD-ROM drive allowed the 3DO to not only play games, but audio CDs and photo CDs as well, allowing it to extend beyond gaming. Prior to CD-ROMs being a common medium for games, many home consoles using ROM Cartridges, which were read-only and typically did not have much read/write capability. During the 16-bit generation of home consoles, a SNES ROM cartridge could hold about 6 megabytes of data (it was 4 megabytes for Sega Genesis and less for other consoles); in 1986 a 12-inch CD-ROM could hold up to 550 megabytes of data (Therrien, 121). ROM cartridges also contained less storage space, were expensive to make, more tedious for gamers to store due to their bulkiness, and didn’t have much multi-purpose use. The 3DO established a technological foundation for future consoles by helping to popularize optical media for the home console. ==Preservation== Independent of the 3DO’s mechanic actions, gamers conducted their own actions, which have helped to preserve the console. Since the console was only produced for two years and was incredibly expensive, very few consoles were sold and still remain today. However, some who owned and enjoyed the console in the 90s still play it today, and maintain communities online. One UK blog, which claims that it is just “Some insane ramblings about a games console that died almost 10 years ago,” has documented several of the hundreds of games that were released for the 3DO, creating an archive and a platform for other users to read and discuss their favorite 3DO games. A Google Group also exists, which has archived gamers’ discussions from the early 90s on various ways to hack the console and alter it to meet their interests and needs (i.e. how to attach peripherals developed for other computers or consoles to the 3DO), as well as other 3DO-related topics. The group is still accessible, but is rarely active. There hasn’t been much recent “homebrew” activity for the 3DO, but two new games were released in 2008 for the console, which claims they are “the first new officially licensed releases in over a dozen years” (GDG Publishing, 2008). Although many have forgotten the 3DO as a console that flopped due to an overly ambitious start-up company and mediocre games, fans still strive to remember the console as an innovative machine that extended the capabilities of the home console. Crary, Jonathan. Techniques of the Observer: on Vision and Modernity in the Nineteenth Century. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT, 1990. Print. Galloway, Alexander. Gaming Essays on Algorithmic Culture. Minneapolis: Univ Of Minnesota, 2006. Print. "ScrewAttack Video Game, Angry Video Game Nerd: Plumbers Don't Wear Ties." Video Game Trailers for Wii, PSP, Xbox, PS3 & More. Web. 24 Mar. 2010. <http://www.gametrailers.com/video/angry-video-screwattack/52921?type=flv>. Terlecki, Daniel. "3DO FAQ - Classic Gaming." ClassicGaming - the Home of Classic Gaming on the Net. 1998. Web. 25 Mar. 2010. <http://classicgaming.gamespy.com/View.php?view=ConsoleMuseum.Detail&id=39&game=12>. Therrien, Carl. "CD-ROM Games." The Video Game Explosion: a History from PONG to Playstation and beyond. By Mark J. P. Wolf. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 2008. 121-25. Print. Will. "3DO Interactive Multiplayer: Some Insane Ramblings about a Games Console That Died Almost 10 Years Ago." 3DO Interactive Multiplayer. Nov. 2005. Web. 26 Mar. 2010. <http://fz1-3do.blog.co.uk/>. Zielinski, Siegfried. Deep Time of the Media toward an Archaeology of Hearing and Seeing by Technical Means. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT, 2006. Print. [[Category:Visuality]] [[Category:Computation]] [[Category:Dossier]] [[Category:Spring 2010]] The first model of the 3DO, released in 1993. 1 Design and Technology 1.1 Physical Design 1.2.1 Core System Architecture 1.2.2 Peripherals 1.3.1 CD-ROM 1.3.2 Game Structure The second model of the 3DO, the FZ-10, released in 1994. Core System Architecture Video games on ROM cartridges, now obsolete for the home console. Game Structure Cover for the 3DO game "Plumbers Don't Wear Ties." Many games for the 3DO followed a standard game genre, i.e. car racing, first person shooters, etc. However, what was unique about 3DO games that intended to show off the console’s advanced technology were the interactive movie games, which were intended to showcase the console’s video capability. Many of the games played like short videos, and required little user activity, making them ideal for adult content. One such game, “Plumbers Don’t Wear Ties,” is an interactive movie game in which you must make decisions regarding the romantic relationships of a young woman. The “game” aspect is a visual remediation of a “Choose Your Own Adventure” style book, and the game features a few long strip-tease segments that have nothing to do with game play but are rather used as a way to integrate video content into a game and exhibit the console‘s capabilities. Retrieved from "http://cultureandcommunication.org/deadmedia/index.php?title=3DO_Interactive_Multiplayer&oldid=12725" Visuality	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1786
__label__cc	0.723507	0.276493	EVENT REVIEW: Andy Miller presents: Author Confidential Durham Town Hall Review by Gabriel Brown An incredibly honest discussion of what the life of a writer is really like. Andy Miller, Viv Groskop and Louise Welsh delivered a great, fun talk on the truths of being an author. I should say, however, that unfortunately I had to leave about five minutes before the end, but I would have loved to have stayed for the whole thing! One of the main points was how being an author can genuinely be a lonely life. They sit at home a lot of the time and don’t seem to get out of the house much. Louise even said she went to the shop one day to buy envelopes and an employee asked her if she was applying for jobs! They also talked of their typical writing day and structure, which was very interesting to hear as it varied so much: one of them tries to hit so many words, whereas another just writes as much as possible while in the flow. Andy spoke about how he had a problem with this third paragraph. His general goal is to type three paragraphs a day. While he ends up liking the first two and getting them done quickly, it takes him considerably longer for the third as that’s when he starts editing and changing it all. On the whole, the event was humorous and a particularly stand-out moment, which I think got the most laughs, was when Andy spoke of his son going to school and having to tell people what his Dad did. The result was his son asking him – “would I call you a moderately successful author?” While it’s true I did leave 5 minutes early, it did feel like there could have been tiny bit more information about things like: how to get a book published and how to get well known as an author. The one-hour time constraint does leave you wanting more, and this is what I felt as I left this great event. Cuckoo Review is an arts journalism programme for young writers aged 15-23. Through the Cuckoo Reviewers in Residence programme at Durham Book Festival, young people have reviewed festival events and books, and have interviewed featured authors. For more information about Cuckoo Review visit review.cuckoowriters.com.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1792
__label__cc	0.543912	0.456088	Explore the east part of Crete Panos Aug 01, 2017 1 August 2017 Who says that during your summer holidays all you can enjoy is sun-kissed beaches and water sport activities? Well, in Crete at the same time you can enjoy night life to its maximum, live for a while like a millionaire, sunbathe with the beau monde and find peace of mind on a serene island teeming with history that has inspired best-selling famous writers. Try some of the things on offer, or why not? Try them all! 1. Ayios Nikolaos, or just “Ayios” as the locals call it, nestles alongside beautiful Mirabello Bay, on the northeast coast of Lassithi Prefecture in East Crete. Mirabello or Merabello Bay is the largest natural bay in Crete. The name of the bay comes from the Italian “mira il bello” (loose translation: “admire the beauty”), a tribute to the wonderful sea views from the bay. Why would you choose to start your journey here? • Ayios Nikolaos is an extremely popular resort that draws crowds of entertainment-seeking visitors every summer. Numerous restaurants, bars, and night clubs give the place its characteristic cosmopolitan atmosphere. • A beautiful lake dominates the place. Legend has it that the goddesses Athens and Artemis used to bathe in its waters that are connected with the volcano on Santorini. A narrow channel of water connects the lake with the sea, while an imposing backdrop of red rock and trees adds to the natural beauty of the scenery. Near the lake, an open theatre hosts artistic and cultural events throughout the summer. After enjoying the intense night life of Ayios Nikolaos, it’s time to be treated like an ancient Cretan king or queen. Where? In Elounda, of course. 2. Elounda lies 11 km north of Ayios Nikolaos, and is noted for its coves, rocky coastlines, the beautiful village of Elounda itself, the fishing harbour, the sunken city of Olous and the remains of a Byzantine basilica. But what is really amazing here is the impressive selection of luxury hotels, resorts and restaurants. The outstanding natural beauties of secluded Elounda bay and the first-class accommodation services have made Elounda the number one favourite for world leaders, royalties and celebrities alike. You may not believe it, but it’s true. Below are just some of the services on offer: • Luxurious spa treatments to be enjoyed in pools and bubble tubs, private steam rooms and saunas, and an endless selection of treatment suites, relaxation lounges, and meditation rooms. • Limousine service, helicopter and private jet services, car and yacht hire. • Daily fitness programmes, and numerous sport activities (volleyball, badminton, mini golf, water skiing, windsurfing, sailing, etc.) • Sightseeing excursions and boat trips to Spinalonga, Ayios Nikolaos, fishing trips and sunset cruises. • Accommodation specially designed for families and daily activity programmes to entertain children (such as fun competitions, animation programmes, etc.) If you have already tried out the activities above, it’s time to take a caicque and head for Spinalonga, also known as Leper island. 3. Spinalonga “Spinalonga. She played with the word rolling it around her tongue like an olive stone. The island lay directly ahead and as the boat approached the great Venetian fortification which fronted the sea […]. This, she speculated, might be a place where history was still warm, not stone cold, where the inhabitants were really not mythical”…. … as Victoria Hislop wrote in her best-selling book “The Island”. Here, on an island where lepers from Crete and the rest of Greece had been kept in isolation until 1957, a story about love and pain, separation and fear was born. Although it is small and known as the island of the outcasts, Spinalonga has a rather interesting story to tell. The island forms a natural defence “mechanism” for Elounda harbour, and in 1579 the Venetians built a mighty fortress here on the ruins of an ancient acropolis. The Venetians kept control of the island even after the rest of Crete fell to the Ottomans in 1669 and it remained under their control for almost another half a century until its capitulation in 1715. Today thousands of tourists visit Spinalonga by boat from Ayios Nikolaos, Elounda and Plaka each summer as it is the most popular archaeological site in Crete after Knossos. A walk around Spinalonga –with some of the finest views of the clear blue waters that surround the island– will guide you through the pages of the novel. Strolling around the island takes about an hour, but the serenity of the place and the remnants of its recent history will certainly tempt you into spending much longer. A left turn by the old town hall takes you down to the beautiful seafront; take advantage of the opportunity to take some time for a swim here. Take the boat from Ayios Nikolaos, Elounda or Plaka. As well as the trip to Spinalonga you can also enjoy a swim off the beaches behind the Kolokytha Peninsula, before returning to Ayios Nikolaos in the afternoon. Getting to Ayios Nikolaos By ferry from Piraeus. Ayios Nikolaos has boasted a large harbour since ancient times. The city of Heraklion is quite close to Ayios Nikolaos, so you can take the plane or ferry to Heraklion and then head towards Ayios Nikolaos by bus, taxi, your own vehicle, or rent a car. Ayios Nikolaos is only an hour’s drive away along the north road axis of the island. You can reach the town from the other main cities of Crete, such as Hania (about 3-3.5 hours’ drive), or Rethymno (app. 2.5 hours’ drive). Temple of Apollo Epicurius – The architecture of the divine Prosecutor says Greece’s former statistics boss is guilty	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1793
__label__wiki	0.729774	0.729774	Nicki Minaj Interview With DJ Semtex DAILY DOSE, Hip-Hop News, InterviewsBy DDot Omen June 20, 2014 Leave a comment Nicki Minaj (@nickiminaj @semtex) called into BBC 1Xtra to chat with Semtex about her new album The Pinkprint and more. Listen below. Marsha Ambrosius Reveals Dr. Dre Album Title Isn’t “Detox”; Working With Kanye West DAILY DOSE, Interviews, New Video, New VideosBy DDot Omen June 20, 2014 Leave a comment Marsha Ambrosius just ushered in her new single “Stronger”, featuring former label mate and mentor Dr. Dre. In this interview she gives some insight on the concept of “Friends & Lovers”. Marsha shares that “Detox” was a title thrown around years ago but Dr. Dre has other things he’s working on which she remained mum… VIDEO: The Game Explains Dissin XXL Freshmen DAILY DOSE, Hip-Hop News, Interviews, New Video, New VideosBy DDot Omen June 20, 2014 Leave a comment The Game (@thegame) sat down with DJ Skee on air for an interview where he shared his reasoning for throwing shots at XXL’s 2014 Freshmen Class on the new single “Bigger Than Me“. Watch below. ScHoolBoy Q Detained By Police After Shooting At Denver Concert DAILY DOSE, Hip-Hop NewsBy DDot Omen June 20, 2014 Leave a comment ScHoolBoy Q (@schoolboyq) has the rap game on lock but the cops had him on lock last night after three people were shot in the parking lot of concert he was performing along side Nas and Flying Lotus. According to the Denver Post, the victims were discovered to be wounded near the Red Rock Ampitheater.… New Music: Marsha Ambrosius ft. Dr. Dre – “Stronger” New MusicBy DDot Omen June 19, 2014 Leave a comment Marsha Ambrosius (@marshaambrosius @drdre) reunites with Dr. Dre after having her first solo deal with Aftermath years back on this new song “Stronger”. Sade and Jeru The Damaja see some publishing as the song draws power from “Love Is Stronger Than Pride” and “Come Clean” reworked into a groovy R&B joint. Marsha is set to… VIDEO: 2 Chainz – “Flexin On My Baby Mama” Music Video, New Video, New VideosBy DDot Omen June 19, 2014 Leave a comment 2 Chainz (@2Chainz) drops off a new visual aid for “Flexin on My Baby Mama” from FREEBASE EP. Watch below. Chinx ft. French Montana – “The Silence” Chinx (@chinxmusic @frenchmontana) placed his Cocaine Riot 4 mixtape on iTunes and with that comes a new joint with French Montana called The Silence. Listen below. VIDEO: JMSN “Do U Remember The Time” JMSN (@IamJMSN) and his love interest embrace each other in the visual for Do U Remember The Time’ from the 2012 debut album †Priscilla†. Directed by Chris Cuseo. Watch below. Sir Michael Rocks “Banco” Album Cover + Track List Album, Artwork, TracklistBy DDot Omen June 19, 2014 Leave a comment Sir Michael Rocks (@sirmichaelrocks) unveils the cover art and track listing for his new solo project, BANCO. The other half of The Cool Kids will deliver this body of work on July 29th. Guest appearances by Casey Veggies, IAMSU!, Mac Miller, and more. Check out the video for “Playstation 1.5” as well. 1. Stevie 2.… Total Slaughter Episode 1 + T-Rex Vs Cortez (Full Battle) Entertainment, New Video, New Videos, PerformancesBy DDot Omen June 19, 2014 2 Comments The first episode of Total Slaughter aired on FUSE TV last night. Here’s the episode and battle between T-Rex Vs Cortez. Who do you think won? Buy tickets for the PPV event on July 12th here. Full episode below, watch the battle on the next page. 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__label__cc	0.74626	0.25374	CopyrightX 2013 Alumni 2019 CopyrightX Summit Special Event: Ruth Carter Self-Paced Study Understanding Judicial Opinions Exam Overview and FAQ for Online Section Students Exam Information for Harvard Law School Students Long’et Terer Ag. Editor/CEO, National Council for Law Reporting (Kenya Law) Long’et is a lawyer and distinguished public officer within Kenya’s public service. In the past 11 years, Long’et has been engaged in various Ministries within the Government of Kenya as a legal sector specialist who has extensive experience and a good understanding of the public sector. He has been involved in the reform of business laws; the implementation of World Bank projects targeted specifically at the justice and legal sector; and has also been integral in the highest decision-making policy levels within the Government. Long’et is currently the Ag. Editor/CEO of the National Council for Law Reporting (Kenya Law) a service state corporation within the Judiciary of Kenya that is tasked with making available Kenya’s public legal information including judgements of the superior courts of record and all the laws of Kenya.He holds an LLM from the University of Durham, with a specilisation in International Trade and Commercial law, and has attended numerous professional courses. Last updated January 2015.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1801
__label__wiki	0.877679	0.877679	Annals of Glaciology The distribution and flow chara... Core reader The distribution and flow characteristics of surge-type glaciers in the Canadian High Arctic Manson Icefield Sydkap Ice Cap Prince of Wales Icefield Grant Ice Cap Muller and Steacie Ice Caps Long duration of the active phase in the Canadian High Arctic and Svalbard Abdalati, W. 2004. Elevation changes of ice caps in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 109, Issue. F4, Dowdeswell, J. A. Benham, T. J. Gorman, M. R. Burgess, D. and Sharp, M. J. 2004. Form and flow of the Devon Island Ice Cap, Canadian Arctic. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, Vol. 109, Issue. F2, p. n/a. Quincey, D. J. Lucas, R. M. Richardson, S. D. Glasser, N. F. Hambrey, M. J. and Reynolds, J. M. 2005. Optical remote sensing techniques in high-mountain environments: application to glacial hazards. Progress in Physical Geography, Vol. 29, Issue. 4, p. 475. Yde, Jacob Clement and Knudsen, N. Tvis 2005. Glaciological features in the initial quiescent phase of kuannersuit glacier, greenland. Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography, Vol. 87, Issue. 3, p. 473. Evans, David J.A. 2005. Glaciers. Progress in Physical Geography, Vol. 29, Issue. 1, p. 114. Evans, David J. A. and Wilson, Stuart B. 2006. Scottish Landform example 39: The lake of Menteith glacitectonic hill‐hole pair. Scottish Geographical Journal, Vol. 122, Issue. 4, p. 352. Hodder, K. R. Gilbert, R. and Desloges, J. R. 2007. Glaciolacustrine varved sediment as an alpine hydroclimatic proxy. Journal of Paleolimnology, Vol. 38, Issue. 3, p. 365. Dowdeswell, E. K. Dowdeswell, J. A. and Cawkwell, F. 2007. On The Glaciers of Bylot Island, Nunavut, Arctic Canada. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, Vol. 39, Issue. 3, p. 402. Williamson, Scott Sharp, Martin Dowdeswell, Julian and Benham, Toby 2008. Iceberg calving rates from northern Ellesmere Island ice caps, Canadian Arctic, 1999–2003. Journal of Glaciology, Vol. 54, Issue. 186, p. 391. Mair, Douglas Burgess, David Sharp, Martin Dowdeswell, Julian A. Benham, Toby Marshall, Shawn and Cawkwell, Fiona 2009. Mass balance of the Prince of Wales Icefield, Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 114, Issue. F2, Grant, Katie L. Stokes, Chris R. and Evans, Ian S. 2009. Identification and characteristics of surge-type glaciers on Novaya Zemlya, Russian Arctic. Journal of Glaciology, Vol. 55, Issue. 194, p. 960. Copland, Luke Sylvestre, Tyler Bishop, Michael P. Shroder, John F. Seong, Yeong Bae Owen, Lewis A. Bush, Andrew and Kamp, Ulrich 2011. Expanded and Recently Increased Glacier Surging in the Karakoram. Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, Vol. 43, Issue. 4, p. 503. Rinne, E. J. Shepherd, A. Palmer, S. van den Broeke, M. R. Muir, A. Ettema, J. and Wingham, D. 2011. On the recent elevation changes at the Flade Isblink Ice Cap, northern Greenland. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 116, Issue. F3, Van Wychen, Wesley Copland, Luke Gray, Laurence Burgess, Dave Danielson, Brad and Sharp, Martin 2012. Spatial and temporal variation of ice motion and ice flux from Devon Ice Cap, Nunavut, Canada. Journal of Glaciology, Vol. 58, Issue. 210, p. 657. Herzfeld, Ute C. McDonald, Brian and Weltman, Alexander 2013. Bering Glacier and Bagley Ice Valley surge 2011: crevasse classification as an approach to map deformation stages and surge progression. Annals of Glaciology, Vol. 54, Issue. 63, p. 279. Vaughan, Jessica M. England, John H. and Evans, David J.A. 2014. Glaciotectonic deformation and reinterpretation of the Worth Point stratigraphic sequence: Banks Island, NT, Canada. Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 91, Issue. , p. 124. Lønne, Ida 2014. Protracted active surge phase in the high arctic (svalbard): dynamic development and morphological impact. Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography, Vol. 96, Issue. 2, p. 177. Van Wychen, Wesley Burgess, David O. Gray, Laurence Copland, Luke Sharp, Martin Dowdeswell, Julian A. and Benham, Toby J. 2014. Glacier velocities and dynamic ice discharge from the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Nunavut, Canada. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 41, Issue. 2, p. 484. Lønne, Ida 2014. The influence of climate during and after a glacial surge — A comparison of the last two surges of Fridtjovbreen, Svalbard. Geomorphology, Vol. 207, Issue. , p. 190. Kleman, Johan and Applegate, Patrick J. 2014. Durations and propagation patterns of ice sheet instability events. Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 92, Issue. , p. 32. Download full list Annals of Glaciology, Volume 36 2003 , pp. 73-81 Luke Copland (a1), Martin J. Sharp (a1) and Julian A. Dowdeswell (a2) 1 Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E3, Canada E-mail: martin.sharp@ualberta.ca 2 Scott Polar Research Institute and Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1ER, England Copyright: © International Glaciological Society 2003 Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 September 2017 Fig. 1. Distribution of surge-type glaciers in the QEI identified in this study (base imagery from the RADARSAT Orthomosaic of Canada courtesy of the Canadian Centre for Remote Sensing). Icefield and ice-cap names are shown. Fig. 2 “clarence head south” glacier (76° 40’ n, 77° 55’ w): (a) in 1959 aerial photography (© a16613-141, 7 july 1959); (b) in 1999 landsat 7 imagery (path 038, row 005, 13 july 1999); (c) surface parallel velocities (m a–1) determined from image correlation between 1999 and 2000 landsat 7 imagery (path 038, row 005,13 july 1999; path 036, row 007, 2 august 2000). large, localized vectors with anomalous flow directions indicate locations where the image correlation software did not correctly match the two images, and should be ignored. Fig. 3 the terminus of “airdrop glacier”, western muller ice cap (79°50’ n, 93°40’ w): (a) in 1959 aerial photography (© a16755-052, 28 july 1959); (b) in 1999 landsat 7 imagery (path 060, row 002, 23 july 1999). terminus has advanced ∼4.5 km between the two images. Fig. 4 the terminus of iceberg glacier, western muller ice cap (79˚28’n, 92° 15’ w): (a) in 1959 aerial photography (© a16754-105, 7 july 1959); (b) in 1992 landsat 4 imagery (slightly cloudy) (path 053, row 003,18 july 1992), (c) in 1999 landsat 7 imagery (path 053, row 003,22 july 1999); lines mark approximate location of terminus from (a) and (b) white dot in (b) and (c) marks location of the same point in 1992 and 1999: displacement is ∼4 km. A systematic review of 1959/60 aerial photography, and 1999/2000 Landsat 7 imagery, has identified 51 surge-type polythermal glaciers in the Canadian High Arctic. These were identified from the presence of features such as looped medial moraines, intense folding visible at the surface, rapid terminus advance, heavy surface crevassing, and high surface velocities. These observations suggest that surging glaciers are much more common than previously believed in the Canadian High Arctic, where only six surge-type glaciers have previously been described. Of the 51 surge-type glaciers identified in this study, 15 were observed in the active phase in the 1959/60 and/or 1999/2000 imagery. The most dramatic advances have occurred on western Axel Heiberg Island, where Iceberg,“Good Friday Bay” and Airdrop Glaciers have all advanced by 4–7 km between1959 and 1999. For glaciers with repeat Landsat 7 coverage from 1999 and 2000, image correlation software was used to determine the magnitude and spatial distribution of surge velocities. For example,“Mittie” Glacier on Manson Icefield was moving at a rate of up to 1 kma–over a distance of at least 25 km back from its terminus. The terminus of this glacier has advanced by at least 4 km since 1959, and the glacier was observed to be heavily crevassed during overflights in April 2000, with clear signs of surface lowering of 10–25 m indicated by a strandline. Surge-type glaciers undergo cyclical non-steady flow (e.g. Meier and Post, 1969; Raymond, 1987). A relatively short active phase (a few months to a few years), during which glacier velocity increases by at least an order of magnitude and advance of the glacier terminus usually takes place, punctuates much longer intervals of stagnation (tens to a few hundreds of years), during which the lower portion of the glacier thins and mass builds up in an upper, reservoir area. A further surge transfers this mass down-glacier once more. The geographical distribution of surge-type glaciers appears to be non-random (Post, 1969). In the 36600 km2 of ice-covered area in Svalbard, for example, at least 132 glaciers representing ∼50% of the total glaciated area have been classified as surge-type (Hagen and others, 1993; Jiskoot and others, 2000). However, in the more easterly Russian islands of FranzJosef Land, Severnaya Zemlya and Novaya Zemlya, with 55600 km2 of ice, very few glaciers appear to have undergone surge activity (Dowdeswell and Williams, 1997). The Canadian High Arctic islands, also known as the Queen Elizabeth Islands (QEI), contain almost 110 000 km2 of polythermal glaciers and ice caps (Koerner, 1989) (Fig. 1). This is about 40% of the total area of Arctic ice outside Greenland (Dowdeswell, 1995), and 5% of the Northern Hemisphere’s ice cover (Koerner, 1989). Ice covers 80500 km2 on Ellesmere Island, about 16200 km2 on Devon Island, and 11700 km2 on Axel Heiberg Island (Fig. 1). Despite the large number of outlet and valley glaciers on these islands, very few have been observed to surge (Hattersley-Smith, 1964, 1969; Muller, 1969; Ommanney, 1969). However, no systematic study of these ice masses has been undertaken to investigate present and past surge activity. The aim of this paper is to assess the extent of surge behaviour of glaciers of the Canadian High Arctic islands. Recent field observations of glaciers in the active phase of the surge cycle are combined with earlier reports of surge activity, and supplemented by a systematic search of imagery of the ice masses on Ellesmere, Devon and Axel Heiberg Islands for indications of surge activity. Digital satellite imagery from the Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) was used as the basis for a systematic search for criteria indicative of surges (Table 1). Summer imagery of the ice masses was acquired, because ice-surface features diagnostic of glacier surging are most clearly recognized on bare glacier ice. These features can be recognized readily on Landsat 7 imagery, which has a spatial resolution in panchromatic mode of 15 m (e.g. Bindschadler and others, 2001). The available imagery covers all glacierized areas of the QEI up to the northern limit of data acquisition at ∼81.5° N. An additional Landsat 4 image of southern Axel Heiberg Island from 1992 was used to further investigate the surging glaciers present in this area. Table 1. Details of the Landsat imagery used in this study (see Fig. 1 for icefield and ice-cap locations) The 1959/60 aerial photography database, consisting of ∼ 1 0 000 images, was produced by scanning all available 1: 60 000 scale vertical aerial photographs of Devon, Ellesmere and Axel Heiberg Islands. The majority of these photographs originated from the Canadian Glacier Inventory at the National Water Resources Institute in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. These stereo photographs were originally taken by the Royal Canadian Air Force for the production of the first detailed maps of the Canadian High Arctic islands. Each grey-scale photo covers an area of approximately 10×10 km, and was scanned at 300 dpi resolution. Comparison was made between the aerial photography and Landsat 7 imagery for every glacier outlet and ice-marginal area in the region of interest. The only exception was northernmost Ellesmere Island beyond the coverage of Landsat 7 (approximately 5% of Grant Ice Cap), for which only the aerial photography was analyzed. A number of features are regarded as indicators of whether or not glaciers and larger ice masses have surged during the residence time of the ice within a given drainage basin (Meier and Post, 1969; Sturm, 1987; Williams and others, 1991; Hambrey and Dowdeswell, 1994). These include: (a) looped moraines, formed as fast-flowing, active-phase surge-type glaciers flow past less active or stagnant neighbours, and deform the medial moraines between them; (b) ice structures, and in particular foliation, deformed in a similar fashion to looped moraines; (c) a heavily crevassed surface, indicative of a glacier in the active phase of the surge cycle; (d) potholes on the glacier surface during the quiescent phase; (e) a rapid advance of a glacier terminus when surrounding glaciers are relatively stable in ice-margin position; (f) shear margins on the glacier surface, formed at the boundary between fast-moving surging ice and slower non-surging ice; (g) surface velocities which are typically an Remote order of magnitude or so higher than during the quiescent phase; (h) a strandline of ice on surrounding bedrock, formed when the glacier surface rapidly falls in elevation as a surge removes ice from the basin; and (i) a highly digitate tidewater terminus (i.e. a terminus which is markedly splayed by longitudinal crevasses) for actively surging glaciers that flow into the ocean. Most of these features can occur on non-surge-type glaciers, but the presence of many of the features together is suggestive of surge behaviour. Marked velocity changes, heavy crevassing and rapid terminus retreat can also occur on glaciers during the tidewater glacier cycle (Meier and Post, 1987), when they are not related to surging. Consequently, on tidewater glaciers in our study area, we used additional evidence such as rapid terminus advance, looped surface moraines, deformed ice structures, potholes and strandlines to define a glacier as surge-type. Each satellite image and the corresponding aerial photographs were examined systematically, in segments of up to approximately 100 km2, for the presence of surge features. This search was supplemented by direct visual observations of the glaciers and ice caps over much of Ellesmere and Devon Islands, made during 445 hours of flying, representing about 6000 km of flight tracks. This work was undertaken in April 2000, primarily to obtain radio-echo sounding data on ice thickness and surface and bed topography for another project. During the airborne programme, visualobservations were made throughout, and the locations and descriptions of any ice-surface features indicative of possible surge activity were logged. Where glaciers were thought to be surging, IMCORR software (Scambos and others, 1992) was used to determine ice velocities when repeat clear-sky Landsat 7 coverage was available for both 1999 and 2000. IMCORR takes two orthorectified images as input, and attempts to match small subscenes to determine displacements. The highest correlation index between subscenes within a specified search radius provides the best estimate of surface velocity and direction. Image correlation results are reported here only when velocity vectors displayed a consistent pattern across the glacier surface. Few glaciers in the study area are named, so, to facilitate description, nearby features were often used to generate unofficial names. Table 2 indicates where such unofficial names have been used and in the text all unofficial names are initially identified by inverted commas. Official names were verified against the master record held by the Canadian Permanent Committee on Geographical Names website (http://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca). In Table 2, reference is also made to the inventory number (where available) for each glacier provided in the Glacier Atlas of Canada (Ommanney, 1989). Due to space limitations, most of this discussion focuses on glaciers that have been observed in the active phase of the surge cycle. Table 2. List of surge-type glaciers in the QEI (* indicates unofficial name) To provide an indication of the likelihood that a glacier is surge-type, we classified all glaciers in the QEI into one of four categories (similar to Hamilton, 1992): 1. Confirmed surging: active surge phase observed, many distinct surge features 2. Likely to have surged: many distinct surge features, but active phase not observed 3. Possible: a few surge features present, and active phase not observed 4. Non-surge: no surge features present. Most glaciers from the Canadian High Arctic islands were of non-surge type, but 51 were identified as surge-type (Fig. 1; Table 2). Of these, 15 were observed in the active phase and classified as type 1; 11 were classified as type 2 (likely surge-type); and 25 were classified as type 3 (possibly surge-type). This provides a conservative estimate of the number of surge-type glaciers in the Canadian High Arctic, as the surge features are not always easy to identify, and a glacier must have surged relatively recently to produce diagnostic remnant surge features. For example, glaciers which were actively surging in 1999/2000 often showed little evidence of surging in 1959/60 imagery. The highest concentration of glaciers observed in the active phase of the surge cycle occurs around the north and east coast of Manson Icefield, southeast Ellesmere Island (Fig. 1; Table 2). This is one of the smaller icefields in the study area, and no surge-type glaciers have previously been described from this area. “Mittie” Glacier, draining north from Manson Icefield, is the largest glacier observed to be actively surging in the QEI, with a drainage area of approximately 2000 km2.The glacier surface was relatively undisturbed and uncrevassed in 1959/60, but very heavily crevassed in 1999 and 2000. Observations by one of the authors (J.A.D.) during an overflight in April 2000 confirmed that the crevassing extended from the terminus into the accumulation basin about 30 km up-glacier. The tributary glaciers to the east and west were also crevassed, in many cases right to their headwalls. There is evidence of surface lowering of 10–25 m around 15–20 km from the margin, as indicated by a strandline. The glacier has advanced 44km northward into Smith Bay across a 9 km wide terminus relative to its position in 1959/60, and the inner part of Smith Bay contains large numbers of icebergs. The icebergs vary in shape from tabular to highly irregular, reach >0.5 km in width, and are larger and more numerous than those seen from other non-surging tidewater glaciers in this region. Image correlation between Landsat 7 imagery from 7 July 1999 and 2 August 2000 indicates that maximum velocities reached ∼1kma–1 approximately 20 km up-glacier from the terminus, with velocities in most areas >600ma–1. Three actively surging glaciers along the eastern margin of Manson Icefield (from north to south: “Mount Glenworth”, “Clarence Head North” and “Clarence Head South” all show similar changes since 1959/60. Their surfaces have changed from smooth to heavily crevassed, there are distinct shear margins between fast-moving ice in the glacier centre and non-surging ice towards the glacier edges in 1999/2000, their tidewater termini have advanced by ∼0.5 km, and their termini are now markedly digitate (Fig.2a and b). Image correlation indicates that peak velocities on Mount Glenworth Glacier were >250ma–1 in 1999/2000. Good image-correlation results could not be obtained for Clarence Head North Glacier, which suggests either that the glacier surface is too broken up for comparison, or that the ice motion is too low for detection because the glacier has recently stopped surging. On Clarence Head South Glacier, a very clear pattern of surface velocities was determined by IMCORR, with distinct shear margins on either side of the main fast-moving ice body (Fig. 2c). Velocities near the equilibrium line reached a peak of almost 400 m a–1, and gradually decreased to a velocity of ∼100 m a–1 close to the terminus. For comparison, typical mean annual surface velocities on large valley glaciers in the Canadian High Arctic are 20–40ma–1, although summer velocities on valley glaciers may reach twice these (Iken, 1974; Koerner, 1989; Copland, 2001). Two other glaciers on Manson Icefield were observed in the active phase: “Cape Norton Shaw” and Cory Glaciers. Both of these were surging in 1959/60, when their respective termini were ∼2 and ∼0.75 km more advanced than today. They currently appear to be in the quiescent phase, with relatively smooth and uncrevassed surfaces compared to heavily crevassed surfaces in 1959/60. Looped surface moraines and looped ice foliation are evident in both the aerial photography and Landsat imagery of these glaciers. Only one glacier on Sydkap Ice Cap was identified as surge-type. Sydkap Glacier, flowing into South Cape Fiord, appearsto have been surging in 1959/60, but its tidewater terminus has retreated ∼9.5km since then. This is one of the largest retreats of any glacier reported in the Canadian High Arctic, and Koerner (1989) states that ∼6.5 km of retreat occurred between 1957 and 1974. This glacier has not previously been mentioned as surge-type, although extensive surface folding, shearing and crevassing are evident in the aerial photography. It is also possible that this retreat occurred as part of the tidewater glacier cycle, although the features such as surface folding and shearing suggest that surging is a more likely explanation. Alfred Newton Glacier on the eastern side of Prince of Wales Icefield, and “Taggart Lake” Glacier on the western side of the icefield, are both currently surging but were not surging in 1959/60.W. Blake, Jr and E. Blake (personal communication, 2000) made observations of Alfred Newton Glacier from nearby Cape Herschel. The previously relatively unbroken surface of this glacier became crevassed and the glacier began to advance in summer 1982. The digitate tidewater terminus is currently advanced ∼0.75 km from its 1959 position. Landsat 7 imagery from summer 1999 shows that the entire glacier is still crevassed, especially high up in the accumulation area. No velocity measurements are available for the glacier, but the implication of these observations is that the glacier has remained active for at least 17 years. Taggart Lake Glacier was observed to be surging by one of the authors (M.J.S.) during an overflight in May 1999, when a heavily crevassed surface, extensive surface looping and folding, and distinctive shear margins were apparent. The glacier terminus is currently advanced ∼ 3 km from its 1959/60 position, resulting in the almost complete filling of the large proglacial Taggart Lake that used to exist in front of the glacier. This glacier is somewhat unusual in comparison to the other surge glaciers identified in the QEI because its terminus is not well confined within a valley, but is rather a part of the broad western margin of Prince of Wales Icefield (Fig.1). In the southeast part of the icefield, two nearby glaciers (“Wykeham Glacier South”and“Easter Island South”) were observed to be surging in the 1959/60 aerial photography, but were not surging in 1999. Both of these glaciers form part of a large ice lobe that dominates the southeast part of Prince of Wales Icefield, and are not well constrained by surrounding bedrock. They were heavily crevassed across their termini in the earlier imagery, compared to a markedly potholed surface in 1999. Easter Island South Glacier also over-ran an adjacent outlet ice lobe to the south in 1959/60 and prevented it reaching the ocean, whereas today the glacier has retreated by ∼1–2 km and the adjacent ice lobe is now able to reach the ocean. Otto Glacier, which flows southwestwards from Grant Ice Cap, was reported to be surging by Hattersley-Smith (1964, 1969). The surge reportedly began between 1950 and 1959 when the lower 25 km of the glacier became highly crevassed, all traces of surface melt streams were obliterated and the previously grounded terminus over-rode stagnant marginal ice and entered tidewater as it advanced ∼ 3 km into Otto Fiord. By 1964 the glacier had advanced a further 2–3 km from its 1959 position. A maximum ice-surface velocity of 7.7md–1 (equivalent to 2.8 kma–1) was measured over a period of 41 days in July–August 1959 (Hattersley-Smith, 1969). This surge may be continuing, or a further surge may have occurred, as the glacier surface is still highly crevassed in the 1999 Landsat 7 imagery, and the terminus is digitate and in a similar position to 1964. Unfortunately no repeat Landsat 7 imagery is available for this location, so it has not been possible to determine present-day velocities. The active phase of this surge lasted a minimum of 5 years (between 1959 and 1964) and maybe as long as 50 years. Several other glaciers close to Otto Glacier also appear to be surge-type, but have been classified as type 2 because their active phase has not been observed (Table 2; Fig. 1). The most notable are “East Hare Fiord” Glacier and Chapman Glacier, which were both mentioned by Hattersley-Smith (1969) as possible surge-type glaciers. These large glaciers display extensive folding and looping of moraines and ice foliation over their terminus areas in both the aerial photography and Landsat 7 imagery. Chapman Glacier also displays impeded surface drainage similar to that described by Sturm (1987) for surge-type glaciers in Alaska. Along the west coast of Axel Heiberg Island, three large glaciers appear to be surging at present, and all have advanced significantly since 1959/60. Muller (1969) discussed the surge of “Good Friday Bay” Glacier, and Ommanney (1969) mentioned that Iceberg Glacier (and tributary Finsterwalder Glacier) displayed evidence of a past surge. The surge of “Airdrop Glacier” has not previously been reported, however, and Iceberg Glacier has surged since Ommanney’s (1969) report. Muller (1969) reports that the lowermost 2 km of the 650 km2 Good Friday Bay Glacier became crevassed and advanced by 600 m between 1952 and 1959. From 1959 to 1964 the glacier terminus advanced a further 650 m, with a large increase in the number of crevasses. Between 4 and 6 km up-glacier, surface lowering was suggested by a rim of ice some 10–15m above the glacier surface. The maximum annual velocity over this period was >250 ma–1. The terminus advanced a further 600 mbetween1964 and 1967, and by a further 200 m between August 1967 and April 1969. The 1992 Landsat 4 imagery indicates that the terminus had advanced by ∼ 7 km from its 1959 position, or approximately ∼5.5km from its last recorded position in 1969. By 1999 the glacier had advanced by a further ∼100 m since 1992, infilling ice-marginal lakes in the process. It appears to still be surging in 1992 and 1999 as it is heavily crevassed across its terminus, with marked looping of surface moraines and ice foliation. Muller’s (1969) measurements indicate that the active phase lasted for a minimum of 10 years, but the observations presented here suggest that the active phase may have lasted for 40 years or more. Without further imagery from the period 1969–92, it is not possible to ascertain whether the glacier went through a quiescent phase during this period. Airdrop Glacier, one of the few currently surging glaciers in the QEI which terminates on land rather than in marine waters, has advanced by ∼4.5km since 1959/60 (Fig. 3). The glacier terminus was heavily crevassed in 1999 Landsat 7 imagery, and extensive surface folding and looping are apparent in both the 1999 imagery and the aerial photography. Unfortunately, this glacier is out of the range of the 1992 Landsat 4 imagery. The tidewater terminus of Iceberg Glacier, to the south of Airdrop Glacier, advanced by ∼3.5km between 1959/60 and 1992, and by a further ∼1.5 km between 1992 and 1999 (Fig.4). This implies an active phase lasting at least 7 years, and probably much longer. The glacier surface is heavily crevassed with large looped moraines in both the 1992 and 1999Landsat imagery, and some near-terminus surface features have been displaced by ∼ 4 km over this period. This equates to a mean annual velocity of approximately 575 ma–1. In the 1959/60 aerial photography the glacier surface is largely uncrevassed, but very heavily potholed. The potholing is the most extensive observed on any glacier during this analysis, and it extended for a distance of at least 10km up-glacier from the position of the terminus in 1959/60. In discussing the behaviour of Good Friday Bay Glacier, Muller (1969) pointed out that the long active phase (at least 10 years) inferred for this glacier implied that the dynamics of this glacier differed from those which are characteristic of “a classical surge”. It is clear that many surge-type glaciers at lower latitudes have a much shorter active phase than Good Friday Bay glacier (Dowdeswell and others, 1991). However, the evidence presented above for surges lasting up to 50 years indicates that the behaviour of Good Friday Bay Glacier may not be unusual for surging glaciers in the Canadian Arctic archipelago. Muller (1969) concluded that long active phases might be a characteristic of subpolar surge-type glaciers, which contain cold ice close to the surface and sometimes at a thin margin, but may be at the pressure-melting point nearer to the bed. Glaciers with this thermal structure, sometimes referred to as polythermal glaciers, are also found in the Svalbard archipelago (Schytt, 1969; Dowdeswell and others, 1991). Observations from eight Svalbard glaciers show that they too have an active phase of long duration relative to surge-type glaciers in, for example, Iceland, the Pamirs and parts of Alaska (e.g. Dowdeswell and others, 1991; Murray and others, 1998). Observations by Jiskoot and others (2001), however, indicate that polythermal Sortebræ, East Greenland, has short active and quiescent phases similar to those observed on Alaskan surge glaciers. In addition to possible thermal controls on surge behaviour, several workers have postulated a relationship between climate and the duration of the surge cycle. Eisen and others (2001) argued that the duration of the quiescent phase of the surge cycle at Variegated Glacier, Alaska, was determined by the time required to achieve a critical cumulative accumulation in the upper regions of the glacier. Thus the interval between surges was inversely related to the net balance in this region. Similarly, Dowdeswell and others (1995) argued that surging had become less common in Svalbard during the 20th century because of a climatically induced shift to negative mass balance, which had lengthened the quiescent phase of the surge cycle. There is some evidence that in high-accumulation regions where the duration of the surge cycle is relatively short, the active phase of the cycle is both short and intense (e.g. southeast Alaska; Lawson, 1997). In regions of lower accumulation, however, such as Svalbard and the Canadian Arctic, surges appear to be more long-lived and less intense (Muller,1969; Dowdeswell and others, 1991). Discussion of the physical mechanisms that might explain this apparent linkage between mass balance and surging dynamics is, however, beyond the scope of this paper. From an analysis of 1959/60 aerial photography and 1999/ 2000 Landsat 7 imagery, 51 potential surge-type polythermal glaciers have been identified in the Canadian High Arctic. Fifteen of these have been observed in the active phase. The data available suggest that the duration of the active phase of the surge cycle on glaciers in this region is relatively long, perhaps reaching as much as 50 years. The distribution of surging glaciers in the QEI appears to be non-random, as most of the surge-type glaciers identified are large tidewater valley glaciers draining to coastal areas with relatively high snowfall. Not all of the glaciers that occur in these areas are surge-type, however, so some other as yet unknown controls must also determine whether or not a glacier will surge. Plans for future work include a more comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of surge basins (e.g. geology, slope, area, aspect and ice thickness). A search for imagery for the period 1960–99 is also planned, as this will permit improved estimates of the length of the active phase of the surge cycle in the Canadian Arctic. This study was funded by U.K. Natural Environment Research Council grant NER/A/S/1998/00015 to Dowdeswell, and by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council, Canada, Environment Canada (MSC-CRYSYS program) and the Canadian Space Agency (Climate and Cryosphere Initiative) to M. J. Sharp. We gratefully acknowledge C. S.L. Ommanney, R. Mackay, T. D. Prowse and the National Water Research Institute, Saskatoon, for providing us with access to the aerial photography. A. S. Dyke (Geological Survey of Canada) made available additional aerial photography of the Devon Ice Cap. G. Wolken, D. Burgess and K. Filbert assisted with the scanning. H. Jiskoot and M. Truffer provided helpful reviews of the manuscript. The aerial photographs in Figures 2a, 3a and 4a © 1959 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, reproduced from the collection of the National Air Photo Library with permission of Natural Resources Canada. Bindschadler, R., Dowdeswell, J. A., Hall, D. and Winther, J.-G.. 2001. Glaciological applications with Landsat-7 imagery: early assessments. Remote Sensing Environ.,78(1–2),163–179. Copland, L. 2001. Polythermal Glacier Hydrology and Ice Flow Dynamics. (Ph.D. thesis, University of Alberta.) Dowdeswell, J.A. 1995. Glaciers in the High Arctic and recent environmental change. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 352(1699), 321–334. Dowdeswell, J. A. and Williams, M..1997. Surge-type glaciers in the Russian High Arctic identified from digital satellite imagery. J. Glaciol., 43(145), 489–494. Dowdeswell, J. A., Hamilton, G. S. and Hagen, J. O.. 1991. The duration of the active phase on surge-type glaciers: contrasts between Svalbard and other regions. J. Glaciol., 37(127),388–400. Dowdeswell, J. A., Hodgkins, R., Nuttall, A.-M., Hagen, J. O. and Hamilton, G. S.. 1995. Mass balance change as a control on the frequency and occurrence of glacier surges in Svalbard, Norwegian High Arctic. Geophys. Res. Lett., 22(21), 2909–2912. Eisen, O., Harrison, W. D. and Raymond, C. F.. 2001. The surges of Variegated Glacier, Alaska, U.S.A., and their connection to climate and mass balance. J. Glaciol., 47(158), 351–358. Hagen, J. O., Liestøl, O., Roland, E. and Jørgensen, T..1993. Glacier atlas of Svalbard and Jan Mayen. Nor. Polarinst. Medd. 129. Hambrey, M. J. and Dowdeswell, J. A.. 1994. Flow regime of the Lambert Glacier–Amery Ice Shelf system, Antarctica: structural evidence from Landsat imagery. Ann. Glaciol., 20, 401–406. Hamilton, G. S. 1992. Investigations of Surge-Type Glaciers In Svalbard. (Ph.D. thesis, University of Cambridge.) Hattersley-Smith, G. 1964. Rapid advance of glacier in northern Ellesmere Island. Nature, 201(4915),176. Hattersley-Smith, G. 1969. Recent observations on the surging Otto Glacier, Ellesmere Island. Can. J. Earth Sci., 6(4), Part 2,883–889. Iken, A. 1974. Velocity Fluctuations of An Arctic Valley Glacier; A Study of The White Glacier, Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Montreal, Que., McGill University. (Axel Heiberg Island Research Reports Glaciology 5.) Jiskoot, H., Murray, T. and Boyle, P.. 2000. Controls on the distribution of surge-type glaciers in Svalbard. J. Glaciol., 46(154), 412–422. Jiskoot, H., Pedersen, A. K. and Murray, T.. 2001. Multi-model photogrammetric analysis of the 1990s surge of Sortebræ, East Greenland. J. Glaciol., 47(159), 677–687. Koerner, R. M. 1989. Queen Elizabeth Islands glaciers. in Fulton, R.J., ed. Quaternary Geology of Canada and Greenland. Geology of Canada 1. Chapter Quaternary Geology of The Queen Elizabeth Islands. Ottawa, Ont., Geological Survey of Canada; Boulder, CO, Geological Society of America, 464– 478. (The Geology of North America K-1.) Lawson, W. 1997. Spatial, temporal and kinematic characteristics of surges of Variegated Glacier, Alaska. Ann. Glaciol., 24, 95–101. Meier, M. F. and Post, A.. 1969. What are glacier surges? Can. J. Earth Sci., 6(4), Part 2,807–817. Meier, M.F. and Post, A.. 1987. Fast tidewater glaciers. J. Geophys. Res., 92(Bθ), 9051–9058. Muller, F. 1969. Was the Good Friday Bay glacier on Axel Heiberg Island surging? Can. J. Earth Sci.,6(4), Part 2, 891–894. Murray, T., Dowdeswell, J. A., Drewry, D. J. and Frearson, I.. 1998. Geometric evolution and ice dynamics during a surge of Bakaninbreen, Svalbard. J. Glaciol., 44(147), 263–272. (Erratum: 45(150),1999, p.405.) Ommanney, C.S. L. 1969. A Study In Glacier Inventory: The Ice Masses of Axel Heiberg Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Montreal, Que., McGill University. (Axel Heiberg Island Research Reports Glaciology 3.) Ommanney, C.S. L. 1989. Glacier Atlas of Canada. Saskatoon, Sask., Scientific Information Division, National Hydrology Research Institute, Environment Canada. (Limited edition.) Post, A. 1969. Distribution of surging glaciers in western North America. J. Glaciol., 8(53), 229–240. Raymond, C. F. 1987. How do glaciers surge? A review. J. Geophys. Res., 92(Bθ), 9121–9134. Scambos, T.A., Dutkiewicz, M. J., Wilson, J. C. and Bindschadler, R. A.. 1992. Application of image cross-correlation to the measurement of glacier velocity using satellite image data. Remote Sensing Environ.,42(3),177–186. Schytt, V. 1969. Some comments on glacier surges in eastern Svalbard. Can. J. Earth Sci., 6(4), Part 2, 867–873. Sturm, M. 1987. Observations on the distribution and characteristics of potholes on surging glaciers. J. Geophys. Res., 92(Bθ), 9015–9022. Williams, R. S. Jr, Hall, D. K. and Benson, C. S.. 1991. Analysis of glacier facies using satellite techniques. J. Glaciol., 37(125), 120–128. Loading article...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1802
__label__cc	0.666042	0.333958	Park Hours Ride Nights Dining Locations 2019 Meal Plan Kids Rides Posted in Roller Coasters Magnum XL-200 Type: Roller Coaster Specific Type: Steel, Out & Back, Hyper Coaster Seating: 3 Sit-Down, 2-abreast, 36-passenger trains Height: 205 feet Drop: 195 feet Angle: 60 degrees Speed: 72 MPH Length: 5,106 feet Manufacturer: Arrow Dynamics Color Scheme: Silver supports / red track Opening Date: 5/6/1989 POV Video Magnum XL-200, built by Arrow Dynamics, debuted in 1989 as the first hyper coaster over 200 feet tall. Situated near Lake Erie, Magnum is a steel out and back coaster, standing 205 feet tall. When it was built, it was not only the first complete circuit coaster over 200 feet tall, but it was also the fastest coaster, clocking speeds of 72 MPH. Because of this ride, Cedar Point is credited with firing the “first shot” in the “coaster wars.” After its introduction, several amusement parks raced to build taller and faster coasters! Despite the competition, Magnum XL-200 won the Golden Ticket award for Best Steel Coaster in 1998, 1999 and 2000. In addition, it has never been ranked lower than #10, on the Top 10 list, since its debut. Magnum XL-200 sports a red track and silver supports. The trains are solid white, with black trim and black graphics on the side of each car. There is a translucent, black, fan- shaped trim on the front of each of the three trains. The 36-passenger trains have riders sitting in cars featuring three rows, two abreast in each row. Passengers are secured with a single belt and separate lap bars. The two-minute ride experience begins as riders board the train and secure the seat belt and lap bars. Once passengers are restrained safely in the train, it exits the station and turns to the right to begin the climb up the 205 foot hill. The chain catches the train, and you hear it clicking as the train makes the slow ascent to the top of the hill. During the climb to the top, riders have an amazing view of the park, Lake Erie, Soak City and the Cedar Point beach. On a clear day, you can spot Canada in the distance. As the ride crests the hill, the riders are looking down, at a 60 degree angle, and suddenly they plummet 195 feet, at 72 miles per hour. The riders quickly ascend to the top of the second hill, reaching 100 feet high, before being dropped again, into a tunnel. The tunnel leads riders to the tip of the Cedar Point peninsula where riders go through a pretzel element at a high rate of speed. The track exits the pretzel element and the train enters a series of seven bunny hills, two with tunnels. These bunny hills are filled with negative g’s, or airtime, causing the rider to completely leave the seat, multiple times, before returning to the station. Magnum isn’t the newest, fastest or smoothest ride at Cedar Point, but the amount airtime this award winning coaster provides, makes it a memorable experience and a must ride for any enthusiast who visits this park.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1803
__label__wiki	0.876586	0.876586	Important discovery flood-tolerant rice DAVIS, California (CNN) -- If every scientist hopes to make at least one important discovery in her career, then University of California-Davis professor Pamela Ronald and her colleagues may have hit the jackpot. Ronald's team works with rice, a grain most Americans take for granted, but which is a matter of life and death to much of the world. Thanks to their efforts to breed a new, hardier variety of rice, millions of people may not go hungry. About half the world's population eats rice as a staple. Two-thirds of the diet of subsistence farmers in India and Bangladesh is made up entirely of rice. If rice crops suffer, it can mean starvation for millions. "People [in the United States] think, well, if I don't have enough rice, I'll go to the store," said Ronald, a professor of plant pathology at UC-Davis. "That's not the situation in these villages. They're mostly subsistence farmers. They don't have cars." As sea levels rise and world weather patterns worsen, flooding has become a major cause of rice crop loss. Scientists estimate 4 million tons of rice are lost every year because of flooding. That's enough rice to feed 30 million people. Rice is grown in flooded fields, usually to kill weeds. But rice plants do not like it when they are submerged in water for long periods, Ronald said. "They don't get enough carbon dioxide, they don't get enough light and their entire metabolic processes are thrown off. The rice plant tries to grow out of the flood, but when it does, it depletes its sugar reserves. It starts to break down its chlorophyll, important for photosynthesis. It grows really quickly, and then when the flood recedes, it just dies. It's out of gas." The team relied on something called precision breeding, the ability to introduce very specific genes into plants without the associated baggage of other genes that might tag along in conventional breeding. "This can be a problem for farmers," Ronald said. "The varieties that were developed from conventional breeding were rejected by farmers because they didn't yield well or taste good." Using precision breeding, scientists introduced the Sub1 gene three years ago into test fields in Bangladesh and India. The subsequent rice harvests were a resounding success. "The results were really terrific," said Ronald. "The farmers found three- to five-fold increases in yield due to flood tolerance. They can plant the normal way. They can harvest the normal way and it tastes the same. Farmers had more food for their families and they also had additional rice they could sell to bring a little bit of money into the household." Read full at CNN	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1805
__label__wiki	0.979775	0.979775	US Ambassador Meets With Michigan Man Held For Spying In Russia « Detroit News Watch WASHINGTON (AP) — U.S. ambassador to Russia Jon Huntsman met in Moscow on Wednesday with a Michigan man who has been detained on espionage charges as the American government seeks answers about his arrest. Huntsman said he offered support and assistance to Paul Whelan, a corporate security executive and former Marine, and later spoke to the man’s family by phone, but he would not discuss the case in detail. A US citizen and corporate security director detained in Russia on accusations of spying is a retired Marine who was in Moscow for a wedding, his twin brother said Tuesday. The ambassador said the U.S. complained to the Russian government about the length of time it took them to grant consular access to Whelan, who was arrested Friday. Russian Federal Security Service said Whelan was caught “during an espionage operation,” but gave no specific information about why he was detained. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said earlier Wednesday, while in Brazil, that the U.S. hoped to gain access soon to the former Marine and that “if the detention is not appropriate, we will demand his immediate return.” Whelan, 48, was in Moscow to attend a wedding when he disappeared, his brother, David Whelan, said Tuesday. He arrived Dec. 22 and was scheduled to stay through Sunday. Pompeo said the Trump administration has “made clear to the Russians our expectation that we will learn more about the charges and come to understand what it is he’s been accused of.” Michigan Rep.-elect Haley Stevens, who will represent Whelan’s district in Congress, released a statement Wednesday saying: “Paul served our country as a Marine and law enforcement officer and we must ensure that Russia continues to meet its obligations under the Vienna Convention to provide U.S. officials access to Mr. Whelan. I am working with the State Department and will remain vigilant until Paul returns safely to his family in Michigan.” Whelan’s family, in a statement that David Whelan posted on Twitter, said: “We are deeply concerned for his safety and well-being. His innocence is undoubted and we trust that his rights will be respected.” The Russian spying charges carry a prison sentence of up to 20 years. The Marine Corps on Wednesday released details of Whelan’s service record. He served in the Marine Corps Reserves from 1994 to 2008 and was convicted of larceny in a special court-martial in January 2008. The Marine Corps did not immediately provide details of the court-martial conviction beyond saying it was based on “several charges related to larceny.” Whelan attained the rank of staff sergeant in December 2004 after the first of two deployments in Iraq. He was an administrative clerk and administrative chief. He was given a bad-conduct discharge in December 2008 at the rank of private. His last place of duty was at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar in California. David Whelan said in an interview that his brother had been to Russia several times previously, so when a fellow former Marine was planning a wedding in Moscow, he was asked to go along to help out. David Whelan said that it was while searching the internet Monday that he learned of his brother’s arrest. “I was looking for any stories about dead Americans in Moscow, so in a way it was better than finding out that he had died,” he said. David Whelan said he has no idea why his brother was targeted by the Russian security services. Paul Whelan had traveled to Russia in the past for work and to visit friends he had met on social networks, his brother said. “I don’t think there’s any chance that he’s a spy,” David Whelan told CNN. Paul Whelan lives in Novi, Michigan, and is director of global security for BorgWarner, where he has worked since early 2017. “He is responsible for overseeing security at our facilities in Auburn Hills, Michigan, and at other company locations around the world,” company spokeswoman Kathy Graham said in a statement. She said BorgWarner does not have any facilities in Russia. Paul Whelan previously worked for Kelly Services, which does maintain offices in Russia, his brother said. Michigan man held for spying in Russia was frequent visitor Whelan has visited Russia since at least 2007. Paul Whelan attended high school in Ann Arbor, west of Detroit, and joined the Marine Corps Reserves in 1994. A decade later, he was made a staff sergeant and was deployed twice to Iraq, in 2004 and 2006. His last duty assignment was with the Marine Air Control Group 38 Headquarters, 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing; Marine Corps Air Station in Miramar, California. He specialized in administrative posts. © 2018 CBS Broadcasting Inc. All Rights Reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. The Associated Press contributed to this report. Griffin, Smith Lead Pistons Over Bulls 118-116 « Detroit News Watch Michael Cohen and Paul Manafort Guilty, Trump Lashes Out « Detroit News Watch Patterson-led No. 12 Michigan Routs No. 15 Wisconsin 38-13 « Detroit News Watch How Concerned Should MLB Be About LCS Ratings? « Detroit News Watch QLine Stations and Comerica Park Windows Smashed; Ypsi Man Charged – Deadline Detroit	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1808
__label__wiki	0.881065	0.881065	David Bowie was... The buzz of my phone cut through the remnants of a fading dream this morning, a notification of something happening in the waking world. I picked up the handset and saw on its screen two items, from two different media outlets on opposite sides of the Atlantic, announcing the seemingly preposterous: two days after having released his new album (on his 69th birthday), David Bowie had suddenly died of cancer. Surely this cannot be the waking world? It turned out to be real enough. In the minutes that followed, the trickle of incredulous queries turned into a torrential flood of mourning, commemoration and sombre celebration of an epic life. MetaFilter got its usual river of mournful .s. Facebook and Twitter were wall-to-wall Bowie all day. The Guardian ran a liveblog and a surfeit of articles and thinkpieces, with seemingly everybody other than George Monbiot giving their take on Bowie's significance. My Spotify sidebar was almost entirely Bowie (the sole outlier being someone in the habit of listening to their algorithmic playlists). I had been meaning to listen to the new Bowie album, ★ (or Blackstar), today on Spotify, before probably buying a copy. It was officially a mere two days old, though had been completed months earlier. Much like his previous album, 2013's The Next Day, it had been made in secret, its release synchronised to Bowie's birthday. Though while The Next Day was perhaps necessarily backward-looking, from the Heroes-sampling artwork to its 1970s rock stylings, to the nostalgic melancholia of Where Are We Now?, Blackstar couldn't be more different. Recorded with entirely new musicians, from a jazz background, a shifting assemblage of sounds; a Middle Eastern scale here, some drum'n'bass-style beats there, the mood shifting between skilfully crafted pop and the ominous and unsettling; oblique references to executions, hospitals, being in heaven with invisible scars and never seeing the trees of England again, and a final track titled I Can't Give Everything Away. In the handful of days and weeks various people had to hear it before the truth came out, there was much speculation; was it a response to atrocities in the Middle East? Did it signify the dawn of a new late period of intense creativity on Bowie's part? If anybody had put the pieces together, they kept their mouth shut. After the news got out, Bowie's long-time producer Tony Visconti, who had spent the past year working secretly on the album, revealed that it had been intended all along as a parting gift; Bowie, diagnosed with cancer and knowing that his time was limited, had recruited him and a few musicians and worked on it for a year. He had played fair, creating something that would be seen for what it is only in retrospect. David Bowie's final artistic work was the presentation of his death and transition to history. Even the title is a clue: in astrophysics, a black star may be a transitional phase between a collapsing star and a singularity; and the artwork, being the only album to lack Bowie's image on its cover; perhaps alluding to his imminent absence from the world. (I wonder whether the designer, Jonathan Barnbrook, knew the full story behind his brief.) I was a little too young for David Bowie's music have been directly part of my formative experiences (my adolescence coinciding with the forgettable Tin Machine, rather than his liberatingly transgressive Ziggy Stardust/Aladdin Sane era, the monochromatic artistic explorations of his Berlin period, or even his early-1980s pop breakthrough), but Bowie was in the background, directly and indirectly. His big hit Let's Dance, angular and night-coloured, is a fixed memory, overheard in fragments hundreds of times in my childhood—in my fragmentary child's-eye perceptions, its staccato horns and woodblocks merge with punk plumage and rudeboy checks into a tapestry of edgy, transgressive early-1980s youth counterculture, vaguely forbidden with admonitions about drugs and criminality—and immediately taking me back (a honour it shares with Roxy Music's More Than This); other songs, from Rebel Rebel to Ashes To Ashes, also were familiar before I ever knew whom they were by. I would pick up the thread many years later, with the 1969-1974 singles compilation. I went to parties where his 1970s albums played in the background, put on by people who were older than me or who had inherited older siblings' record collections. (The influence of David Bowie was a constant in Melbourne from the late 1970s onward; see also: Dogs In Space.) The music I would end up listening to myself (and the first record I ever bought was a New Order 7") was influenced by him, (even though it generally emerged on the other side of that notional Year Zero known as punk; in reality, there is no such thing as Year Zero). With Bowie gone, the memories his music brings up suddenly feel a lot more distant, as if a thread holding them closer had snapped. My feelings at the moment are a roughly equal mixture of shock (and reflection on the passing of time and the inevitable end of everything) and admiration for a person who died as he lived, using his own imminent death as art material. This week, I will stop by at Rough Trade and pick up a copy of Blackstar. For one, they are donating the proceeds from their sales of David Bowie records to Cancer Research this month. There are no comments yet on "David Bowie was..."	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1809
__label__wiki	0.711059	0.711059	Difference between revisions of "Milkshaking" [[File:2019-01-29 13 32 38 A McDonald's chocolate milkshake with whipped cream on top in Chantilly, Fairfax County, Virginia.jpg\|thumb\|right\|A [[milkshake]] served in a disposable container]] '''Milkshaking''' is the use of [[milkshake]]s and other drinks as a means of political protest in a manner similar to [[egging]] or [[pieing]]. The target of a milkshaking is splashed or splattered with a milkshake that is [[Projectile\|thrown]] from a cup or bottle.<ref name="Atlantic">{{cite news \|last=Serhan \|first=Yasmeen \|date=20 May 2019 \|title=Why Protesters Keep Hurling Milkshakes at British Politicians \|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2019/05/milkshaking-britain-political-trend-right-wing/589876/ \|work=[[The Atlantic]] \|accessdate=20 May 2019}}</ref><ref name="Washington">{{cite news \|last=Hassan \|first=Jennifer \|date=20 May 2019 \|title=What is 'milkshaking?' Ask the Brits hurling drinks at right-wing candidates. \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2019/05/20/what-is-milkshaking-ask-brits-hurling-drinks-right-wing-candidates/ \|work=[[The Washington Post]] \|accessdate=20 May 2019}}</ref> The trend gained popularity in the [[United Kingdom]] in May 2019 during the [[2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom\|European Parliament election]] and was used against [[Right-wing politics\|right-wing]] and [[Far-right politics\|far-right]] political candidates, such as [[Tommy Robinson (activist)\|Tommy Robinson]], [[Nigel Farage]] and [[Carl Benjamin]], as well as other members of the [[UK Independence Party]] (UKIP) and the [[Brexit Party]].<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/may/18/police-ask-mcdonalds-to-halt-milkshake-sales-during-farage-rally \|title=Police ask McDonald's to halt milkshake sales during Farage rally \|author=<!--Not stated--> \|date=18 May 2019 \|work=The Guardian\|access-date=20 May 2019 \|quote=}}</ref><ref name="Independent">{{cite news \|last=Dadlton \|first=Jane \|date=19 May 2019 \|title=Carl Benjamin: Milkshake thrown at Ukip candidate for fourth time this week \|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/carl-benjamin-milkshake-salisbury-ukip-a8920846.html \|work=The Independent \|accessdate=20 May 2019}}</ref> '''Milkshaking''' is the act of throwing [[milkshake]]s and other drinks at targets as a means of political protest in a manner similar to [[egging]] or [[pieing]]. The target of a milkshaking is splashed or splattered with a milkshake that is [[Projectile\|thrown]] from a cup or bottle.<ref name="Atlantic">{{cite news \|last=Serhan \|first=Yasmeen \|date=20 May 2019 \|title=Why Protesters Keep Hurling Milkshakes at British Politicians \|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2019/05/milkshaking-britain-political-trend-right-wing/589876/ \|work=[[The Atlantic]] \|accessdate=20 May 2019}}</ref><ref name="Washington">{{cite news \|last=Hassan \|first=Jennifer \|date=20 May 2019 \|title=What is 'milkshaking?' Ask the Brits hurling drinks at right-wing candidates. \|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2019/05/20/what-is-milkshaking-ask-brits-hurling-drinks-right-wing-candidates/ \|work=[[The Washington Post]] \|accessdate=20 May 2019}}</ref> The trend gained popularity in the [[United Kingdom]] in May 2019 during the [[2019 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom\|European Parliament election]] and was used against [[Right-wing politics\|right-wing]] and [[Far-right politics\|far-right]] political candidates, such as [[Tommy Robinson (activist)\|Tommy Robinson]], [[Nigel Farage]] and [[Carl Benjamin]], as well as other members of the [[UK Independence Party]] (UKIP) and the [[Brexit Party]].<ref>{{cite web \|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/may/18/police-ask-mcdonalds-to-halt-milkshake-sales-during-farage-rally \|title=Police ask McDonald's to halt milkshake sales during Farage rally \|author=<!--Not stated--> \|date=18 May 2019 \|work=The Guardian\|access-date=20 May 2019 \|quote=}}</ref><ref name="Independent">{{cite news \|last=Dadlton \|first=Jane \|date=19 May 2019 \|title=Carl Benjamin: Milkshake thrown at Ukip candidate for fourth time this week \|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/carl-benjamin-milkshake-salisbury-ukip-a8920846.html \|work=The Independent \|accessdate=20 May 2019}}</ref> == History == This article was considered for deletion at Wikipedia on July 4 2019. This is a backup of Wikipedia:Milkshaking. All of its AfDs can be found at Wikipedia:Special:PrefixIndex/Wikipedia:Articles_for_deletion/Milkshaking. Purge Template:Short description Template:EngvarB Template:Use dmy dates A milkshake served in a disposable container Milkshaking is the act of throwing milkshakes and other drinks at targets as a means of political protest in a manner similar to egging or pieing. The target of a milkshaking is splashed or splattered with a milkshake that is thrown from a cup or bottle.[1][2] The trend gained popularity in the United Kingdom in May 2019 during the European Parliament election and was used against right-wing and far-right political candidates, such as Tommy Robinson, Nigel Farage and Carl Benjamin, as well as other members of the UK Independence Party (UKIP) and the Brexit Party.[3][4] 2 Analysis and ethics The practice and its use in targeting right-wing politicians is believed to have gained popularity following the egging of far-right Islamophobic politician Fraser Anning in Australia by a teenager in March 2019, which was met with a violent response from Anning and his entourage.[2] Robinson was the first major figure to be "milkshaked", having one thrown as a projectile in Bury on 1 May and another thrown the following day in Warrington while campaigning.[5] Robinson responded to the second incident by punching the milkshake thrower, who said he'd thrown the dessert in response to harassment from Robinson and his supporters. Since the event, the thrower claims to have received death threats on social media.[6] Carl Benjamin, a UKIP candidate, was milkshaked four times while campaigning in Salisbury, Truro, and Totnes.[4] Brexit Party leader Nigel Farage was hit by a Five Guys milkshake in Newcastle upon Tyne on 20 May by a 32-year-old Brexit opponent[7] who was arrested by police for common assault.[8] He later blamed the rise of milkshaking on "radicalised Remainers" and said that it disrupted campaigning.[9] A spoof JustGiving campaign was set up to crowdfund the purchase of a new suit for Farage following the milkshaking, while instead donating its proceeds to a cancer charity.[10] A few days later, Farage was reportedly trapped on his campaign bus after arriving in Kent to speak to supporters, as a group of people holding milkshakes watched nearby.[11] In June 2019, Farage's milkshaker pleaded guilty to common assault and criminally damaging Farage's microphone, and was given 150 hours of unpaid work and ordered to pay Template:Currency.[12] An online fundraiser raised more than £650 to cover this cost, within hours of sentencing.[12] A McDonald's restaurant in Edinburgh was asked by local police to stop selling the drink during Nigel Farage's campaign visit in May 2019.[13] Burger King responded on Twitter by advertising its milkshakes in Scotland, which was criticised by users for allegedly inciting violence.[2] The act in general was criticised by several political commentators, including former Prime Minister Tony Blair, for being a gateway to political violence, while others argued it was harmless protesting.[1][14][15][16] On the day of the European election, an 81-year-old army veteran wearing a Brexit Party rosette claimed to have had a milkshake thrown at him by another man, sharing a photo of himself covered in a pink liquid.[17] Theories spread on Twitter arguing that the attack had been faked by the man himself, using what looked more like yoghurt.[18] Anti-Brexit campaigner Alastair Campbell questioned the story as having been shared "without any evidence of the actual act", noting from experience that perpetrators usually filmed themselves. The Brexit Party criticised Campbell for assuming bad faith.[18] In anticipation of U.S. President Donald Trump's state visit to the United Kingdom in June 2019, the group "Milkshakes Against Racism" organised a gathering at Trafalgar Square to greet him with milkshakes as a symbol of protest.[19] A pro-Trump supporter was struck in the face by a milkshake during protests on 4 June.[20] U.S. Congressman Matt Gaetz was reported to have been the first U.S. politician to be milkshaked, at a town hall event in Pensacola, Florida, but the drink was later described as an unidentified "red liquid" by police.[21] Andy Ngo, a journalist for Quillette, was beaten and sprayed with silly string by members of Antifa in Portland, Oregon on 30 June 2019, before also having a milkshake thrown at him. Portland police initially tweeted that they had received reports of a milkshake containing quick-drying cement,[22][23][24] which was widely transmitted although no proof of these claims was presented and the claim has been generally treated as a hoax.[25][26][27] The Portland Police Bureau later said that the tweet had been made after an officer had observed a cement-like powder on at least one milkshake cup. This claim was investigated by Willamette Week, which found that police had no physical evidence of any such thing occurring, and that no journalist had published any photo evidence or witness reports of such an activity.[28] In Carrick-on-Shannon on 3 July 2019 Rowan Croft, a far-right YouTuber, was doused with milkshake during an anti-migrant livestream.[29] Analysis and ethics The wave of milkshaking incidents in 2019 prompted discussion in the media regarding the reasons for it being adopted as a protest tactic and whether or not it was ethically justifiable. Philosopher Benjamin Franks suggested that the use of particular foodstuffs in political protest had historically been a practical matter, noting that whilst "nowadays, carrying raw eggs to a nationalist meeting would require some backstory to justify it if challenged by the police", until recently carrying a milkshake would not have aroused the same suspicion. He also argued that milkshaking "is clearly effective in making the victim feel uncomfortable and look ridiculous". Ivan Gololobov, a politics academic at the University of Bath, highlighted the importance of "online follow-up" to modern protest politics, observing that milkshaking someone who was attempting to portray themselves as a serious and credible political figure was an effective way of undercutting their image.[30] Writing for Vice, Jazmine Sleman suggested that milkshaking was a form of dilemma action which created "a lose-lose situation for the opposition... because there's no good way to respond to a milkshaking".[31] The New RepublicTemplate:'s Matt Ford asserted that milkshaking was effective against far right leaders due to its potential for humiliating them: "nothing animates the far right or shapes its worldview quite so much as the desire to humiliate others—and the fear of being humiliated themselves".[32] Raheem Kassam, editor-in-chief of the conservative website Human Events and former advisor to Farage, claimed that "big global businesses are now moving into the territory of actively encouraging political violence towards conservatives", citing Burger King's tweet.[33] Writing for the Washington Examiner, Madeline Fry argued that "lobbing food at your opponents doesn't delegitimize them", and that the tactic made people using it look "juvenile".[34] Regarding the milkshaking of Farage, Liberal Democrat Tim Farron tweeted that "Violence and intimidation are wrong no matter who they're aimed at. On top of that, it just makes the man a martyr, it's playing into his hands".[32] Writing for The Independent, Kate Townshend said that whilst she was opposed to far right politics, "on the one hand, nobody should have to walk around in fear of having things thrown at them, but on the other, a temporarily milky face is also just not a satisfying redress".[35] Josh Marshall wrote for Talking Points Memo that whilst he understood why the tactic had caught on, he disagreed with the practice, partly because he "wouldn't find it funny at all" if far right protestors milkshaked or pied liberal politicians, but also because "we place a great deal of societal importance on creating a line between words and physical autonomy... It's an impulse we shouldn’t set aside simply because we find someone loathsome".[36] Ricky Gervais tweeted that whilst he was pro-Remain, he was opposed to throwing items at people he disagreed with: "that would mean I had run out of good arguments. It would also mean I deserve a smack in the mouth".[37] Brendan Cox, the widower of the murdered Labour MP Jo Cox, said that whilst he opposed Farage's politics, he believed that throwing objects at political opponents "normalises violence and intimidation and we should consistently stand against it".[38] Some observers took issue with the characterisation of milkshaking as an act of violence. Writing for the New Statesman, Jonn Elledge argued that "it is far less violent than, say, promising to 'pick up a rifle' if Brexit is not delivered", as Farage had done in 2017, and that "the idea that throwing a milkshake is violence, but that inciting hate against minority groups isn’t, is responsible for a decent-sized chunk of all the world’s political problems".[39] Alexander Blanchard, a researcher at Queen Mary University of London, argued that milkshaking did not constitute violence, as "by nearly all accounts, political violence entails intentionally inflicting harm", whereas according to those involved in milkshaking, they at most aimed to humiliate their targets. He also highlighted the history of using "small and harmless projectiles" like eggs to being a sense of theatricality to political campaigning in Britain, holding that acts of milkshaking did not exceed this level of controversy.[40] Dan Kaszeta, a London-based security consultant who previously worked for the White House Military Office and the United States Secret Service, took issue with Sam Harris' claim that milkshakings were "mock assassinations": "Acts of political protest happen. Acts of political violence happen. There is some overlap between the two. But throwing a milkshake, while fundamentally inappropriate, uncivil, and possibly criminal... isn't the same thing as throwing a brick or shooting a rifle".[16] Similarly, after Robinson was milkshaked, Conservative MP Johnny Mercer stated that "this is not political violence... It is a milkshake".[41] Muntadhar al-Zaidi, the journalist who threw his shoes at U.S. President George W. Bush, said, "Not many people are prepared to be jailed or tortured or face consequences for those types of actions" but did not consider milkshaking violent.[42] Template:Div col Acid throwing Egging Flour bombing Glitter bombing Inking (attack) Pieing Shoe-throwing Zelyonka attack Template:Div col end ↑ 1.0 1.1 Serhan, Yasmeen (20 May 2019). "Why Protesters Keep Hurling Milkshakes at British Politicians". The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2019/05/milkshaking-britain-political-trend-right-wing/589876/. Retrieved 20 May 2019. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Hassan, Jennifer (20 May 2019). "What is 'milkshaking?' Ask the Brits hurling drinks at right-wing candidates.". The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2019/05/20/what-is-milkshaking-ask-brits-hurling-drinks-right-wing-candidates/. Retrieved 20 May 2019. ↑ "Police ask McDonald's to halt milkshake sales during Farage rally". The Guardian. 18 May 2019. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/may/18/police-ask-mcdonalds-to-halt-milkshake-sales-during-farage-rally. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Dadlton, Jane (19 May 2019). "Carl Benjamin: Milkshake thrown at Ukip candidate for fourth time this week". The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/carl-benjamin-milkshake-salisbury-ukip-a8920846.html. Retrieved 20 May 2019. ↑ Parveen, Nazia (2 May 2019). "Tommy Robinson doused in milkshake for the second time in two days". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/may/02/tommy-robinson-doused-in-milkshake-for-second-time-in-two-days. Retrieved 20 May 2019. ↑ Iqbal, Nosheen (5 May 2019). "'I'm getting death threats,' says man who threw milkshake on Tommy Robinson". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/may/05/death-threats-man-threw-milkshake-over-tommy-robinson. Retrieved 20 May 2019. ↑ Magra, Iliana (21 May 2019). "Why Are Milkshakes Being Thrown at Right-Wing Politicians Like Nigel Farage?". https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/21/world/europe/milkshake-nigel-farage.html. Retrieved 30 June 2019. ↑ "Nigel Farage hit by milkshake during Newcastle walkabout". BBC News. 20 May 2019. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-tyne-48339711. Retrieved 20 May 2019. ↑ Yorke, Harry; Maidment, Jack (20 May 2019). "Brexit latest news: Nigel Farage warns 'radicalised Remainers' are making campaigning 'impossible' after being hit by milkshake". The Telegraph. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2019/05/20/brexit-latest-news-matt-hancock-warns-mps-have-one-last-chance/. Retrieved 20 May 2019. ↑ Doughty, Sophie (20 May 2019). "Fundraising page to buy Nigel Farage a new suit after milkshake incident in Newcastle". Evening Chronicle. https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/news/north-east-news/fundraising-page-buy-nigel-farage-16305167. Retrieved 20 May 2019. ↑ Walker, Amy (22 May 2019). "Nigel Farage shelters on campaign bus to avoid milkshake attack". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/may/22/nigel-farage-shelters-on-campaign-bus-to-avoid-milkshake-attack. Retrieved 22 May 2019. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Halliday, Josh (18 June 2019). "Nigel Farage milkshake attacker ordered to pay Brexiter's suit-cleaning bill". https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2019/jun/18/nigel-farage-milkshake-attacker-pleads-guilty-to-common-assault. Retrieved 30 June 2019. ↑ Picheta, Rob (19 May 2019). "Police stop McDonald's from selling milkshakes near Nigel Farage rally". CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2019/05/18/uk/mcdonalds-nigel-farage-milkshakes-scli-gbr-intl/index.html. Retrieved 20 May 2019. ↑ Chakrabortty, Aditya (21 May 2019). "This Milkshake Spring isn't political violence – it's political theatre". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/may/21/far-right-milkshake-nigel-farage-tommy-robinson. Retrieved 22 May 2019. ↑ Magra, Iliana (21 May 2019). "Why Are Milkshakes Being Thrown at Right-Wing Politicians Like Nigel Farage?". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/21/world/europe/milkshake-nigel-farage.html. Retrieved 23 May 2019. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Kaszeta, Dan (27 May 2019). "Sometimes a Milkshake Is Just a Milkshake". The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2019/05/milkshake-thrown-nigel-farage-nothing-new/590317/. Retrieved 28 May 2019. ↑ Sawer, Patrick (23 May 2019). "Army veteran 'attacked' with milkshake outside polling station for wearing a Brexit rosette". The Daily Telegraph. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/05/23/army-veteran-attacked-milkshake-outside-polling-station-wearing/. Retrieved 24 May 2019. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Sharman, Jon (24 May 2019). "Brexit Party condemns claims milkshake attack on army veteran was faked". The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-party-milkshake-picture-fake-yoghurt-army-veteran-don-macnaughton-a8929626.html. Retrieved 25 May 2019. ↑ Dalton, Jane (1 June 2019). "'Milkshakes against Trump' and giant cardboard wall to greet US president in one of UK's biggest-ever demonstrations". The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/trump-uk-visit-protest-rally-london-coach-whitehall-portsmouth-queen-milkshake-a8935721.html. Retrieved 1 June 2019. ↑ "Trump fan hit with milkshake during protests". Sky News. 4 June 2019. https://news.sky.com/video/trump-fan-hit-with-milkshake-during-protests-11734966. Retrieved 6 June 2019. ↑ O'Neil, Luke (3 June 2019). "Republican congressman hit by flying drink – but it wasn't quite a 'milkshaking'". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jun/03/matt-gaetz-milkshaked-republican-florida. Retrieved 5 June 2019. ↑ Wilson, Jason (30 June 2019). "Portland police clash with protesters and make 'cement milkshake' claim". https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jun/30/portland-police-cement-milkshake-leftwing-rightwing-protests. Retrieved 30 June 2019. ↑ "Antifa attack blogger Andy Ngo amid violence at Portland Proud Boys protest" (in en). 30 June 2019. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/antifa-attack-portland-andy-ngo-portland-proud-boys-alt-right-a8981331.html. Retrieved 30 June 2019. ↑ Rambaran, Vandana (29 June 2019). "Antifa-Proud Boys confrontation in Portland turns violent; conservative writer injured". https://www.foxnews.com/us/antifa-conservative-protests-turn-violent-as-demonstrators-throw-milkshakes-of-quick-dry-cement-at-police-and-onlookers. Retrieved 30 June 2019. ↑ Zielinski, Alex (2019-07-01). "Portland Police Offer No Proof That Protesters Had Milkshakes with "Quick-Dry Cement"". https://www.portlandmercury.com/blogtown/2019/06/30/26731412/portland-police-offer-no-proof-that-protesters-had-milkshakes-with-quick-dry-cement. Retrieved 2019-07-01. ↑ Goforth, Claire (2019-07-01). "Portland milkshake dealer denies adding concrete to drinks to harm Proud Boys". https://www.dailydot.com/layer8/concrete-milkshake-hoax-portland-antifa/. Retrieved 2019-07-01. ↑ Did Milkshakes Thrown in Portland Protests Contain Cement?. Snopes, July 3, 2019 ↑ Shepherd, Katie (2 July 2019). "Portland Police Made a Dubious Claim About Protesters’ Milkshakes on Twitter. What’s the Evidence?". Willamette Week. https://www.wweek.com/news/city/2019/07/02/portland-police-made-a-dubious-claim-about-protesters-milkshakes-on-twitter-whats-the-evidence/. Retrieved 3 July 2019. ↑ Wall, Bryan. "A far-right YouTuber gets milkshaked during a livestream tirade against refugees". https://www.thecanary.co/trending/2019/07/06/a-far-right-youtuber-gets-milkshaked-during-a-livestream-tirade-against-refugees/. Retrieved 6 July 2019. ↑ Chakelian, Anoosh (16 May 2019). ""Lactose Against Intolerance!" How milkshake became a tool of protest". https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/uk/2019/05/lactose-against-intolerance-how-milkshake-became-tool-protest. ↑ Sleman, Jazmine (21 May 2019). "Dry Cleaners Explain How to Make a Milkshake Literally Destroy Your Clothes". https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/mb83wp/milkshake-meme-ukip-farage-eu-elections. ↑ 32.0 32.1 Ford, Matt (21 May 2019). "Why Milkshaking Works". https://newrepublic.com/article/153959/milkshaking-nigel-farage-effective. ↑ Kassam, Raheem (18 May 2019). "Today a Milkshake, Tomorrow A Brick: Corporate-Backed Political Violence Is Here". https://humanevents.com/2019/05/18/today-a-milkshake-tomorrow-a-brick-corporate-backed-political-violence-is-here. ↑ Fry, Madeline (3 June 2019). "Milkshaking and the Trump baby blimp: The rise of juvenile, self-satisfied protest". https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/opinion/milkshaking-and-the-trump-baby-blimp-the-rise-of-juvenile-self-satisfied-protest. ↑ Townshend, Kate (21 May 2019). "I can't stand Nigel Farage – but even I wouldn't throw a milkshake at him". https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/nigel-farage-milkshake-newcastle-brexit-party-assault-tommy-robinson-a8923366.html. ↑ Marshall, Josh (3 June 2019). "A Few Thoughts About Milkshaking". https://talkingpointsmemo.com/edblog/a-few-thoughts-about-milkshaking. ↑ Dugmore, Oli. "Ricky Gervais says people milkshaking politicians 'deserve a smack in the mouth'". https://www.joe.co.uk/entertainment/ricky-gervais-nigel-farage-milkshake-232743. ↑ Hinsliff, Gaby (23 May 2019). "Gaby Hinsliff: Why 'milkshaking' might not be so funny after all". https://graziadaily.co.uk/life/in-the-news/gaby-hinsliff-nigel-farage-brexit-milkshake/. ↑ Elledge, Jonn (21 May 2019). "No, throwing milkshake at someone is not an act of political violence". https://www.newstatesman.com/2019/05/no-throwing-milkshake-someone-not-act-political-violence. ↑ Blanchard, Alexander (24 May 2019). "Is throwing a milkshake an act of political violence? What political theory tells us". https://theconversation.com/is-throwing-a-milkshake-an-act-of-political-violence-what-political-theory-tells-us-117627. ↑ McGee, Luke (22 May 2019). "Right-wing British politicians are having milkshakes thrown over them. Here's why". CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2019/05/21/uk/milkshake-analysis-mcgee-intl-gbr/index.html. ↑ Schatz, Bryan (21 June 2019). "The Iraqi journalist who threw his shoes at George W. Bush has thoughts about milkshaking". https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2019/06/the-iraqi-journalist-who-threw-his-shoes-at-george-w-bush-has-thoughts-about-milkshaking/. Retrieved 30 June 2019. Retrieved from "http://deletionpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Milkshaking&oldid=188759" Protest tactics Activism by type 2019 in the United Kingdom 2019 European Parliament election	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1811
__label__wiki	0.850649	0.850649	Press Release on South Africa South Africa: Continent Wide Outcry at ICC Withdrawal Victims’ Advocates Urge Reconsideration, Support for Court (Johannesburg, October 22, 2016) – South Africa’s announced withdrawal from the International Criminal Court (ICC) is a slap in the face for victims of the most serious crimes and should be reconsidered, African groups and international organizations with a presence in Africa said today. The groups urged other African countries to affirm their commitment to the ICC, the only court of last resort to which victims seeking justice for mass atrocities can turn. “South Africa’s intended withdrawal from the ICC represents a devastating blow for victims of international crimes across Africa,” said Mossaad Mohamed Ali of the African Center for Justice and Peace Studies. “As South Africa is one of the founding members of the court, its announcement sends the wrong message to victims that Africa’s leaders do not support their quest for justice.” South Africa publicly announced on October 21, 2016, that it has notified the United Nations secretary-general of its intent to withdraw from the ICC. However, there are significant questions as to whether South Africa abided by its domestic law in withdrawing without approval of its own parliament, the groups said. “South Africa’s purported withdrawal – without parliamentary approval or public debate – is a direct affront to decades of progress in the global fight against impunity,” said Stella Ndirangu of International Commission of Jurists-Kenya. “We call on the South African government to reconsider its rash action and for other states in Africa and around the world to affirm their support for the ICC.” “We do not believe that this attempt to withdraw from the ICC is constitutional and it is a digression from the gains made by South Africa in promoting human rights on the continent,” said Jemima Njeri of the Institute for Security Studies’ International Crime in Africa Program. “The South African government is sending a signal that it is oblivious to victims of gross crimes globally.” South Africa’s announcement that it will withdraw from the ICC comes after the country’s court of appeal concluded the government violated its international and domestic legal obligations in not arresting ICC fugitive Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir in June 2015, when he visited South Africa. A government appeal was pending, but on October 21, 2016, the government indicated that it has withdrawn the appeal. “The decision by Pretoria to withdraw from the Rome Statute is a response to a domestic political situation,” said George Kegoro ofthe Kenya Human Rights Commission. “Impervious to the country’s political history and the significance of the ICC to African victims and general citizenry, the South African leadership is marching the country to a legal wilderness, where South Africa will be accountable for nothing.” South Africa is the first country to notify the UN secretary-general of withdrawal from the ICC. Burundi recently passed a law on ICC withdrawal but has not submitted notification with the UN secretary-general as required to trigger the process of withdrawal. The ICC is meant to act as a court of last resort, stepping in only when national courts cannot or will not prosecute some of the most serious international crimes. Since 2009, the ICC has faced a backlash from a vocal minority of African leaders alleging that the court is unfairly targeting Africa. While all of the ICC’s investigations to date – with the exception of Georgia – have been in Africa, the majority have been initiated at the request of an African government: Central African Republic, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mali, and Uganda. The situations in Libya and Darfur were referred by the UN Security Council. Kenya is the only African situation in which the government or Security Council did not make a request to the ICC regarding investigation. At the same time, there is an uneven landscape. A number of powerful countries and their allies have been able to avoid the reach of the ICC, and of justice more generally. The ICC is constrained in reaching these countries because they are not parties to the ICC and because they or their allies on the Security Council have used the veto to block referral to the ICC of situations desperately in need of justice, including Syria. The African Union (AU) has been a source of attacks on the ICC and in January 2016, it set up a committee to explore a strategy for ICC withdrawal. Many African governments continue to support the court, but have too often been silent in the face of attacks on it. Support has included cooperation with investigations and the referral of new situations to the court. Mali referred the crimes committed in its country in 2012, and Gabon referred crimes committed in its country in September 2016. In July, during the AU summit, several African ICC members – Côte d’Ivoire, Nigeria, Senegal, and Tunisia – took an important step in joining Botswana, a vocal ICC supporter, to expressly oppose an AU call for ICC withdrawal. Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Senegal also entered reservations to the July summit decision. Since 2009, activists across Africa have joined with international groups to call for African governments to support and strengthen the ICC, instead of undermining it. “Now, more than ever, countries that believe in the rights of victims should affirm their support for the ICC,” said Oby Nwankwo of the Nigeria’s national Coalition for the ICC. “We should hear from Nigeria, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Senegal, and Central African Republic, among many others, on the importance of the ICC in Africa and globally.” For more information, please contact: In Banjul, for Human Rights Watch, Daniel Bekele (English): +1-917-385-3878; or bekeled@hrw.org In Abuja, for Nigerian Coalition for the International Criminal Court, Chino Edmund Obiagwu (English): +234-0703-000-0014; or +234-012-802-009; or +234-0803-691-3264 (mobile); orobiagwu@ledapnigeria.org In Accra, for Ghana Center for Democratic Development, Franklin Oduro (English): +233-249-77-7788 (mobile); orf.oduro@cddgh.org In Banjul, for Burundi Coalition for the ICC, Lambert Nigarura (French): +220-271-2084; or +257-71-741-127; or +250-78-377-0959; or nigarlambert@gmail.com In Freetown, for Center for Accountability and the Rule of Law-Sierra Leone, Ibrahim Tommy (English): +232-76-365-499; or ibrahim.tommy@gmail.com In Johannesburg, for International Commission of Jurists and Fédération Internationale pour les Droits de l’Homme, Arnold Tsunga (English): +27-716-405-926 (mobile); orarnold.tsunga@icj.org In Johannesburg, for Human Rights Watch, Dewa Mavhinga (English): +27-73-5211-813 (mobile); or mavhind@hrw.org In Johannesburg, for Southern Africa Litigation Centre, Angela Mudukuti (English): +27-767-623-869; or AngelaM@salc.org.za In Lilongwe, for Centre for Human Rights and Rehabilitation, Fletcher Simwaka (English): +265-999-285-604 (mobile); orflesimwaka@yahoo.com In New York, for Coalition for the ICC, Steve Lamony (English): +1-646-465-8514; or lamony@coalitionfortheicc.org In New York, for Human Rights Watch, Elise Keppler (English): +1-212-216-1249 (office); or +1-917-687-8576 (mobile); orkepplee@hrw.org In Nairobi, for Kenya section of the International Commission of Jurists, Stella Ndirangu (English): +254-7222-336-399; or stella.ndirangu@icj-kenya.org In Nairobi, for the Kenya Human Rights Commission, George Kegoro (English): +254-727-641-866 (mobile); orGKegoro@khrc.or.ke In Pretoria, for the International Crime in Africa Programme, Institute for Security Studies, Jemima Njeri (English): +27-832-346-566; or +27-123-469-500; or jnjeri@issafrica.org The following organizations that are active in an informal group that promotes justice for serious crimes endorsed this release (additional endorsements will be updated online): African Center for Justice and Peace Studies (Uganda) Africa Legal Aid Burundi Coalition for the International Criminal Court Centre for Accountability and Rule of Law–Sierra Leone Centre for Human Rights and Rehabilitation (Malawi) Center for Democratic Development (Ghana) Civil Resource Development and Documentation Centre (Nigeria) Coalition for Justice and Accountability (Sierra Leone) Coalition for the International Criminal Court DefendDefenders (Uganda) Federation Internationale des Droits de l’Homme Foundation for Human Rights Initiative Human Rights Watch International Commission of Jurists International Commission of Jurists–Kenya International Crime in Africa Program at the Institute for Security Studies (South Africa) Kenya Human Rights Commission Kenyans for Peace, Truth, and Justice Legal Defence and Assistance Project (Nigeria) Ligue pour la Paix, les Droits de l’Homme et la Justice (Democratic Republic of Congo) Nigerian Coalition for the International Criminal Court Parliamentarians for Global Action Southern Africa Litigation Centre (South Africa) Vision Sociale ASBL (Democratic Republic of Congo)	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1816
__label__wiki	0.764497	0.764497	Hydrocracking (PD) Photo: United States Department of Agriculture A hydrocracking unit in a petroleum refinery. Hydrocracking is a catalytic chemical process used in petroleum refineries for converting the high-boiling constituent hydrocarbons in petroleum crude oils to more valuable lower-boiling products such as gasoline, kerosene, jet fuel and diesel oil. The process takes place in a hydrogen-rich atmosphere at elevated temperatures (260 – 425 °C) and pressures (35 – 200 bar).[1][2][3] Basically, the process cracks the high-boiling, high molecular weight hydrocarbons into lower-boiling, lower molecular weight olefinic and aromatic hydrocarbons and then hydrogenates them. Any sulfur and nitrogen present in the hydrocracking feedstock are, to a large extent, also hydrogenated and form gaseous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3) which are subsequently removed. The result is that the hydrocracking products are essentially free of sulfur and nitrogen impurities and consist mostly of paraffinic hydrocarbons. Hydrocracking plants are capable of processing a wide variety of feedstocks of different characteristics to produce a broad range of products. They can be designed and operated to maximize the production of a gasoline blending component (called hydrocrackate) or to maximize the production of diesel oil. 2 Process configurations and a typical flow diagram 2.1 Typical flow diagram of a two stage hydrocracker 3 Chemistry and catalysts Hydrocracking was first developed in Germany as early as 1915 to provide liquid fuels derived from their domestic coal deposits. The first plant that might be considered as a commercial hydrocracking unit began operation in Leuna, Germany in 1927. Similar efforts to convert coal to liquid fuels took place in the Great Britain, France and other countries.[4][5] Between 1925 and 1930, Standard Oil of New Jersey collaborated with I.G. Farbenindustrie of Germany to develop hydrocracking technology capable of converting heavy petroleum oils into fuels. Such processes required pressures of 200 – 300 bar and temperatures of over 375 °C and were very expensive. In 1939, Imperial Chemical Industries of Great Britain developed a two-stage hydrocracking process. During World War II (1939 – 1945), two-stage hydrocracking processes played an important role in producing aviation gasoline in Germany, Great Britain and the United States. After World War II, hydrocracking technology became less important. The availability of petroleum crude oil from the Middle East removed the motivation to convert coal into liquid fuels. Newly developed fluid catalytic cracking processes were much more economical than hydrocracking for converting high-boiling petroleum oils to fuels. In the early 1960s, hydrocracking become economical for a number of reasons: The automobile industry began manufacturing higher-performing automobiles that required high-octane gasoline. Fluid catalytic cracking expanded rapidly to meet the demand for high-octane gasoline. However, fluid catalytic cracking, in addition to producing gasoline, produces a by-product high-boiling oil called cycle oil that is very difficult to recycle for further cracking. However, hydrocracking can crack that cycle oil. The switch from railroad steam engines to diesel engines and the introduction of commercial jet aircraft in the 1950's increased the demand for diesel oil and for jet fuel. The flexibility of hydrocracking to produce either gasoline, jet fuel or diesel oil made it desirable for petroleum refineries to install hydrocrackers. Zeolite-based catalysts, developed and commercialized during the period from about 1964 to 1966, performed much better than the earlier catalysts. Most importantly, they permitted operation at lower pressures than possible with the earlier catalysts. The higher performance and lower operating pressures made possible by the new catalysts resulted in significantly more economical hydrocrackers. Hydrocracking enjoyed rapid growth in the United States during the late 1960s and the early 1970s. By the mid-1970s, hydrocracking had become a mature process and its growth began to moderate. From then on, hydrocracking growth in the United States proceeded at a slow pace. However, at the same time, hydrocracking enjoyed significant growth in Europe, the Asia-Pacific region and the Middle East. As of 2001, there were about 155 hydrocracker units operating worldwide[1] and processing about 4,000,000 barrels (550,000 metric tons) per day of feedstock.[6] As of 2009, The feedstock processing capacity of the hydrocrackers in the United States was 1,740, 000 barrels (238,000 metric tons) per day.[7] Process configurations and a typical flow diagram (PD) Image: Milton Beychok Three hydrocracker configurations. There are a good many different proprietary hydrocracker designs available for use under license as is the case for many of the other processes used in petroleum refineries. There are also a number of different hydrocracker process equipment configurations, the most common of which are depicted in the adjacent diagram: Single stage, once through hydrocracker: This configuration uses only one reactor and any uncracked residual hydrocarbon oil from the bottom of the reaction product fractionation (distillation) tower is not recycled for further cracking. For single stage hydrocracking, either the feedstock must first be hydrotreated to remove ammonia and hydrogen sulfide or the catalyst used in the single reactor must be capable of both hydrotreating and hydrocracking.[1] Single stage hydrocracker with recycle: This is the most commonly used configuration. The uncracked residual hydrocarbon oil from the bottom of reaction product fractionation tower is recycled back into the single reactor for further cracking. Again, for single stage hydrocracking, either the feedstock must first be hydrotreated to remove ammonia and hydrogen sulfide or the catalyst used in the single reactor must be capable of both hydrotreating and hydrocracking.[1] Two stage hydrocracker: This configuration uses two reactors and the residual hydrocarbon oil from the bottom of reaction product fractionation tower is recycled back into the second reactor for further cracking. Since the first stage reactor accomplishes both hydrotreating and hydrocracking, the second stage reactor feed is virtually free of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. This permits the use of high performance noble metal (palladium, platinum) catalysts which are susceptible to poisoning by sulfur or nitrogen compounds.[1] Typical flow diagram of a two stage hydrocracker The high-boiling, high molecular weight hydrocarbons used as feedstocks for catalytic hydrocrackers include what are commonly referred to as atmospheric gas oil from atmospheric crude oil distillation units, vacuum gas oil from vacuum distillation units, delayed coking gas oil from delayed coking units and cycle oil from fluid catalytic cracking units. For describing the hydrocracking process depicted in the typical flow diagram below, the feedstock will be referred to as simply gas oil. The gas oil from the feedstock pump is mixed with a stream of high-pressure hydrogen and then flows through a heat exchanger where it is heated by the hot effluent reaction products from the hydrocracker's first stage reactor. The feedstock is then heated further in a fuel-fired heater before it enters the top of first stage reactor and flows downward through three beds of catalyst. The temperature and pressure conditions in the first stage reactor depend upon the specific licensed hydrocracker design, the feedstock properties, the desired products, the catalyst being used and other variables. As a broad generality, the pressure in the first stage reactor may range from 35 to 200 bar and the temperature may range from 260 to 480 °C. After the effluent reaction product stream from the reactor bottom is cooled by the incoming gas oil feedstock, it is injected with wash water, partially condensed in a water-cooled condenser and routed into a high-pressure vapor-liquid separator for separation into three phases: hydrogen-rich gas, hydrocarbon liquid and water. Sulfur and nitrogen compounds in the gas oil feedstock are converted into gaseous hydrogen sulfide and ammonia by the hydrogenation that takes place in the first stage reactor. The purpose of the wash water is to dissolve some of the hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gases present in the first stage reaction product stream. The resulting aqueous solution of ammonium hydrosulfide (NH4HS) is referred to as sour water and is typically routed to a sour water stripper elsewhere in the petroleum refinery. The sour water stripper removes hydrogen sulfide from the sour water and that hydrogen sulfide is subsequently converted to endproduct elemental sulfur in a Claus process unit. The hydrogen-rich gas from the high-pressure separator is routed through an amine scrubber where it is contacted with an aqueous amine solution[8] to absorb and remove residual hydrogen sulfide in the gas. The rich amine solution (containing the absorbed hydrogen sulfide) is typically routed to a central amine gas treating unit elsewhere in the refinery. The hydrocarbon liquid phase from the high-pressure separator flows through a pressure letdown (i.e., pressure reduction) valve and into a low-pressure separator. The reduction in pressure partially vaporizes (see flash evaporation) the liquid. The resulting vapor (referred to as offgas) is routed to a central amine gas treating unit elsewhere in the refinery. The hydrocracked the endproducts of hydrocarbon liquid phase from the low-pressure separator is heated in a fuel-fired heater and fed into the fractionator. The fractionator is a continuous distillation tower that separates the hydrocracked hydrocarbon stream into naphtha, jet fuel (or kerosene) and diesel oil. The offgas from the tower's associated reflux drum joins the offgas from the low-pressure separator. Not all of the feedstock hydrocarbons to the first stage reactor are hydrocracked (i.e., converted) into lower-boiling, lower molecular weight hydrocarbons. The bottom stream from the fractionator consists of the unconverted hydrocarbons from the first stage reactor and that stream is mixed with high pressure hydrogen and recycled as feed to the second stage reactor. It is first heated by the hot effluent reaction products from the second stage reactor. The recycled feed is then heated further in a fuel-fired heater before it enters the top of second stage reactor and flows downward through three beds of catalyst. The temperature and pressure conditions in the second stage reactor depend upon the same variables as determine the conditions in the first stage reactor. As a broad generality, the pressure in the second stage reactor may range from 80 to 200 bar and the temperature may range from 345 to 425 °C. After the effluent reaction product stream from the second stage reactor bottom is cooled by the incoming recycle feed, it is partially condensed in a water-cooled condenser and routed into second high-pressure vapor-liquid separator for separation into two phases: hydrogen-rich gas and hydrocarbon. No water washing of the second stage reactor effluent is needed because the second stage reactor effluent is essentially free of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gases. For the same reason, the gas from the second high-pressure separator does not require amine scrubbing to remove hydrogen sulfide. The two hydrogen-rich gas streams (the amine-scrubbed gas from the first high-pressure separator and the gas from second high-pressure separator) are joined and then compressed and recycled for use in both the first and second stage reactor systems. The hydrogenation of sulfur and nitrogen compounds in the first stage reactor requires the consumption of hydrogen. Likewise, the saturation of olefins and aromatics, in both the first stage and second stage reactors, to form paraffinic hydrocracked products consumes hydrogen. To a large extent, the amount of hydrogen consumption depends on the feedstock content of sulfur, nitrogen, olefins and aromatics. As a broad generality, the consumption of hydrogen in a hydrocracker may range from 1,000 to 3,000 standard cubic feet per barrel of feedstock (195 to 585 normal cubic metres per metric ton of feedstock).[9] Schematic flow diagram of a typical hydrocracker. Chemistry and catalysts Basically, catalytic hydrocracking involves three primary chemical processes: Cracking of high-boiling, high molecular weight hydrocarbons found in petroleum crude oil into lower-boiling, lower molecular weight hydrocarbons. Hydrogenating unsaturated hydrocarbons (whether present in the original feedstock or formed during the cracking of the high-boiling, high molecular weight feedstock hydrocarbons) to obtain saturated hydrocarbons usually referred to as paraffins or alkanes. Hydrogenating any sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen compounds in the original feedstock into gaseous hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and water. The above primary processes include too many complex reactions to describe each of them in detail. The following four reactions are provided as examples of those complex reactions:[10] Reaction 1: Addition of hydrogen to aromatics converts them into hydrogenated rings. These are then readily cracked using acid catalysts. Reaction 2: Acid catalyst cracking opens paraffinic rings, breaks larger paraffins into smaller pieces and creates double bonds. Reaction 3: Addition of hydrogen to olefinic double bonds to obtain paraffins. Reaction 4: Isomerization of branched and straight-chain paraffins. Hydrocracking catalysts consist of active metals on solid, acidic supports and have a dual function, specifically a cracking function and a hydrogenation function. The cracking function is provided by the acid catalyst support and the hydrogenation function is provided by the metals.[4][11] The solid acidic support consists of amorphous oxides such as silica-alumina, crystalline zeolite or a mixture of amorphous oxides and crystalline zeolite. Cracking and isomerization reactions (reactions 2 and 4 above) take place on the acidic support. Metals provide the hydrogenation reactions (reactions 1 and 3 above). The metals that provide the hydrogenation functions can be the noble metals palladium and platinum or the base metals (i.e., non-noble metals) molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt or nickel. Catalyst cycle life has a major impact on the economics of hydrocracking. Cycles can be as short as 1 year or as long as 5 years. Two years are typical. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 David S.J. Jones and Peter P.Pujado (Editors) (2006). Handbook of Petroleum Processing, First Edition. Springer. ISBN 1-4020-2819-9. ↑ James H. Gary and Glenn E. Handwerk (1984). Petroleum Refining: Technology and Economics, 2nd Edition. Marcel Dekker. ISBN 0-8247-7150-8. ↑ Editorial Staff (November 2002). "Refining Processes 2002". Hydrocarbon Processing : pages 115 – 117. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Julius Scherzer and A.J. Gruia (1996). Hydrocracking Science and Technology, 1st Edition. CRC Press. ISBN 0-8247-9760-4. (This book was the source for most of the History section of this article) ↑ Hydrocracking (From the website of Chemical Engineering Resources, which also provided some of this historical information) ↑ J.G. Speight and Baki Ozum (2002). Petroleum Refining Processes. Marcel Dekker. ISBN 0-8247-0599-8. ↑ Number and Capacity of Petroleum Refineries From the website of the U.S. Energy Information Administration (U.S. EIA), using the drop down Data Series menu to select Catalytic Hydrocracking Charge Capacity. ↑ The amines most commonly used for removing hydrogen sulfide from refinery gases area monoethanol amine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA) and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) ↑ The standard cubic feet of hydrogen are at 60 °F and the normal cubic metres are at 0 °C, both at 1 atmosphere of absolute temperature. ↑ John S. Magee and Geoffrey E. Dolbear. Petroleum Catalysts in Nontechnical Language. Pennwell Books. 0-87814-661-X. ↑ Jorge Ancheyta and James G. Speight (2007). Hydroprocessing of Heavy Oils and Residua, 1st Edition. CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-7419-7. Retrieved from "http://en.citizendium.org/wiki?title=Hydrocracking&oldid=100831777" Engineering Workgroup Chemistry Workgroup Chemical Engineering Subgroup Engineering Content Chemistry Content Chemical Engineering tag Engineering tag Chemistry tag This page was last modified 05:29, 26 October 2013.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1817
__label__cc	0.720605	0.279395	Meeting with Vladimir Lukin and Ella Pamfilova Vladimir Putin met with Russian Human Rights Ombudsman Vladimir Lukin and Chairperson of the Presidium of the Civil Dignity national public movement Ella Pamfilova. Novo-Ogaryovo, Moscow Region Mr Lukin’s term of office as Human Rights Ombudsman expires on February 18, and Ms Pamfilova has been nominated to this post. The new candidate must be approved by the State Duma within 30 days. President of Russia Vladimir Putin: Ms Pamfilova, Mr Lukin, The subject of our meeting is well known and has been announced previously – we are on the threshold of appointing a new Human Rights Ombusman, and, as you may know, our leading human rights organisations, people active in the human rights movement, who are authorities in this area have almost unanimously supported Ms Pamfilova as a candidate to this post. However, before all the legal formalities have been dealt with, I wanted to meet and ask you a simple question: Do you agree to this? What will you say if we do this? ”Being a human rights advocate is a very specific job. It envisages constant interaction with the authorities, and not just interaction, but also a critical approach to what the authorities at all levels are doing. However, without this society cannot develop in harmony.“ Chairperson of the Presidium of the Civil Dignity National Public Movement ELLA PAMFILOVA Pamfilova EllaChairman of Central Election Comission : I would like to begin by thanking human rights activists and you, Mr President, for taking the risk of nominating me. Of course, I accept and I hope that in my work I will have the assistance of all those who are interested in resolving these issues, if the appointment does take place. Thank you. Russian Human Rights Ombudsman VLADIMIR LUKIN Lukin VladimirHead of Paralympic Committee : I have said on numerous occasions that since my term of office is expiring by law, I was very happy to hear and I supported this proposal of nominating Ms Pamfilova to the position. Ms Pamfilova has all the personal qualities and the experience that this job requires. She enjoys respect and trust among various groups and has a very good reputation. Therefore, I have no doubt that Ms Pamfilova will be able to make a smooth transition and continue the work plus ultra, as they say in Latin – even further. Ella Pamfilova: Mr President, I must admit that since you said that I could “eat them all alive” I have become a little frightened of myself. I would like to say that if it all works out, the main thing is to be honest in our work, that is all. Honest and consistent. You can count on this. Vladimir Putin: Being a human rights advocate is a very specific job. It envisages constant interaction with the authorities, and not just interaction, but also a critical approach to what the authorities at all levels are doing. However, without this society cannot develop in harmony and the interests of our citizens cannot be protected in full, as much as this is at all possible. Therefore, I strongly hope to see the approach you described. There is a constant competition of sorts going on, if I may say so in the context of the Olympic Games that are underway in Sochi… Vladimir Lukin: And the Paralympic Games. Vladimir Putin: Yes, the Paralympic Games will begin soon. There are constant clashes with the authorities, which is natural. However, the goal of both the government and the human rights organisations is the same – the good of the people. Therefore, I expect to always see an element of cooperation with representatives of the authorities, which will all be for the benefit of those who we work for. Ella Pamfilova: I fully agree with you. I hope that at all levels of power, and in the human rights community I will be able to find the support of those for whom these very issues are of primary importance. As I usually say, the best friend of an honest human rights advocate is an honest law enforcement officer. We will seek their support. Ella Pamfilova nominated for the post of Russian Human Rights Ombudsman Meeting with representatives of Russia’s human rights community Lukin Vladimir Pamfilova Ella Publication date: February 13, 2014, 17:45 http://en.kremlin.ru/catalog/persons/85/events/20226	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1818
__label__wiki	0.828853	0.828853	Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya Shaykh Mughniyya Shaykh Mahmud Mughniyya, Shaykh Abd al-Karim Mughniyya Jabal Amel, Lebanon Lebanon, Najaf, Qom Seminary of Najaf, Seminary of Qom Muharram 19, 1400 (December 9, 1979) Najaf, Holy shrine of Imam Ali Sayyid Abu l-Qasim al-Khu'i, Shaykh Abd al-Karim Mughniyya, Muhammad Sa'id Fadl Allah, Shaykh Husayn Karbala'i Al-Kashif and Al-Mubin, Fiqh al-Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq (a). Some innovations in jurisprudence and ijtihad Socio-Political Activities Socio-Political Judge and the head of the Lebanese judiciary, innovations in the proximity of Islamic denominations and Islamic unity Muḥammad Jawād Mughnīyya (Arabic: محمدجواد مغنیّة),(b.1322/1904-d.1400/1979) was a Shiite exegete and clergy from Lebanon in the fourteenth/twentieth century. He began his studies in Lebanon and then moved to Najaf and attended the lectures of scholars such as Sayyid Abu l-Qasim al-Khu'i. When he returned to Lebanon, he was appointed as a judge and the head of the Lebanese judiciary. Mughniyya wrote books concerning Islamic sciences. He wrote two exegeses of the Qur'an: al-Kashif and al-Mubin. Mughniyya's character is distinguished by his religious and political views, such as innovations in jurisprudence and ijtihad, the proximity of Islamic denominations, and Islamic unity. He has praised the Islamic Revolution in Iran and its leader. 1.1 Birth and lineage 1.4 Other Teachers 1.5 Death 2 Cultural and Social Activities 2.1 Teaching the Qur'an and Islamic Doctrines 2.2 Judgeship in Beirut 2.3 Unity among Muslims 3 Shaykh Mughniyya and Shaykh Shaltut 4 Writings 4.1 In Exegesis 4.1.1 Tafsir al-Kashif 4.1.2 Al-Tafsir al-Mubin 4.2 In Jurisprudence 4.3 In Ethics 4.4 In Philosophy and Theology 5 Mughniyya's Views 5.1 Innovations in Jurisprudence and Ijtihad 5.2 Necessity of Reforms in Islamic Seminaries 5.3 Mughniyya and Islamic Democracy 5.4 Shaykh Mughniyya and the Islamic Revolution of Iran Birth and lineage Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya was born in 1322/1904 in the Mughniyya family which was renowned for its scholars. He was born in a village called "Tayr Dibba" near Jabal Amel. His father, Shaykh Mahmud, was a well-known religious scholar in Lebanon, and his mother was from Sadat. After his mother's death, Muhammad Jawad went to Iraq together with his father. In Iraq, he learned calligraphy, arithmetic, and Persian language. After four years of sojourn in Najaf, his father Shaykh Mahmud returned to Jabal Amel at the request of people in the Abbasiyya area. When his father died in 1334/1915, Muhammad Jawad and his younger brother returned to Tayr Dibba, where they were under the care of their older brother, Shaykh Abd al-Karim. When Shaykh Abd al-Karim moved to Najaf, the hard days of Muhammad Jawad began, days when he only had peas and hazelnuts to eat. Sometimes he did not have anything to eat for three days. Shaykh Muhammad Jawad spent early years of his life in Tayr Dibba, where he studied preliminaries with scholars of the village. He then migrated to Najaf since he found the Islamic Seminary of Najaf as a good place for his studies and research. In Najaf, he studied with prominent scholars and teachers, such as Sayyid Husayn al-Himami, a prominent scholar in Najaf at the time. Other Teachers Ayatollah al-Khu'i Shaykh Abd al-Karim Mughniyya Muhammad Sa'id Fadl Allah Shaykh Husayn al-Karbala'i Shaykh Muhammad Jawad died of a heart disease on Muharram 19, 1400 (December 9, 1979). His corpse was moved to Najaf where it was buried in a chamber within the Holy Shrine of Imam Ali (a). Sayyid Abu l-Qasim al-Khu'i said Funeral Prayers on his corpse. Cultural and Social Activities Teaching the Qur'an and Islamic Doctrines After his brother's death, Muhammad Jawad left Najaf to Marika (a village near Jabal Amel). He was warmly welcomed by people and was asked to undertake the imamate of congregational prayers there, instead of his late brother. Mughniyya accepted the request and, in addition to congregational prayers, he taught the Qur'an and Islamic doctrines. Judgeship in Beirut In 1367/1947, Shaykh Muhammad Jawad became a judge in Beirut, and a year later, he was appointed as the supreme adviser, and from 1370/1950 to 1375/1955 he was appointed as the head of the Lebanese Shiite judiciary. When he was removed from the office, he still served as an adviser until 1378/1958. During his term in the judiciary, he tried to act justly. For example, in 1376/1956, he was asked by the agricultural minister (Kazim al-Khalil) to meet his requests so that he could stay in the office as the head. However, Mughniyya replied that "what matters is the preservation of my religion; the office position is a transient shadow". Unity among Muslims The main concern of Shaykh Muhammad Jawad was the national and Islamic unity. He widely attempted to establish the Islamic unity, seizing every opportunity to negotiate with Sunni religious scholars and examine paths to the unity. Shaykh Mughniyya was mindful of the unity among Arabs and Muslims, believing that the reason behind the enmity of Sunni Muslims towards Shi'as was their ignorance of original Shiite beliefs. Muhammad Mahdi Shams al-Din says, "The main worry of Shaykh Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya in the seditious crisis we are suffering from was the national unity, Islamic unity, and [problems in] Southern Lebanon". Shaykh Mughniyya and Shaykh Shaltut Main article: Shaykh Shaltut The friendship between Shaykh Mughniyya and the head of al-Azhar University, Shaykh Mahmud Shaltut, dates back to 1368/1948. Shaykh Shaltut was a co-founder of "Dar al-Taqrib bayn al-Madhahib" (The House of Proximity of Denominations) and an advocate of Islamic unity. He was popular among Shiite scholars because of his fatwa of the permissibility of acting upon the Shiite jurisprudence. The two scholars exchanged many letters. In 1382/1962, Shaykh Mughniyya met Shaykh Shaltut in Egypt. He describes the meeting as follows: I went to Shaltut's house. He welcomed me. When we talked about Shiism, he said that al-Azhar was originally founded by the Shi'as, and Shiite disciplines and beliefs were taught in al-Azhar for a short period, until Shi'as abandoned the university and deprived it of the mesmerizing light and benefits of Shiism. I told him: "You are respected by Shiite scholars, because they recognized your services to the religion and they admire your courage in expressing what is right, without being intimidated by anyone". And I told him that the Shi'as take the caliphate after the demise of the Prophet (s) to be Imam Ali's (a) right, but they believe that one should not cause a division that undermines Islam, just as Imam Ali (a) did not do so. He said to people present in the meeting, "Sunnis do not know this fact". Main article: List of works by Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya Shaykh Muhammad Jawad was a persevering prolific author. He sometimes slept only four hours, and was sometimes so engaged in writing that he did not sleep for forty eight hours. Mughniyya is one few exegetes of the Qur'an who wrote two exegeses. In Exegesis Tafsir al-Kashif Main article: Al-Kashif fi tafsir al-Qur'an al-karim The first exegesis of the Qur'an written by Shaykh Mughniyya was al-Kashif fi tafsir al-Qur'an al-karim, which was published in seven volumes in Beirut. In this exegesis, the author deploys a host of exegetical methods. Al-Tafsir al-Mubin Main article: Al-Tafsir al-mubin When Mughniyya wrote al-Kashif, he thought of writing another exegesis addressed to youths. Thus, he wrote a short exegesis with a simple prose under al-Tafsir al-mubin. In Jurisprudence Mughniyya wrote his first jurisprudential work under Fiqh al-Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq (a) in six volumes. His other works include: Ilm usul al-fiqh, al-fiqh ala l-madhahib al-khamsa, and al-Hajj ala mukhtalaf al-madhahib. In Ethics Given his concerns for moral values in the development of Islamic communities, he wrote a book under Moral values in Imam al-Sadiq's (a) jurisprudence. The book was translated into Persian by Sayyid Muhammad Radmanish. In Philosophy and Theology Mughniyya was also an expert in Islamic philosophy and theology. Given his firm belief in the importance of theological issues and his sense of responsibility in this regard, he investigated issues of monotheism, proofs for God's existence and His attributes, and proofs for the prophethood of the Seal of the Prophets (a). In addition to issues of theology addressed in both of his exegetical works, he wrote a book under Falsafat al-tawhid wa l-nubuwwa (the philosophy of monotheism and prophethood). Although the book is very brief, it provides rational arguments and philosophical evidence for issues of monotheism and prophethood. Late in his life, Mughniyya migrated to Iran in order to study and teach in the Islamic Seminary of Qom, where he made research and taught Islamic sciences, including the exegesis of the Qur'an, which resulted in dozens of precious works concerning Islamic sciences. The collection of Jawad Mughniyya's works is published in a software format by Computer Research Center of Islamic Sciences (Noor). Mughniyya's Views Innovations in Jurisprudence and Ijtihad Shaykh Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya and al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr Shaykhd Muhammad Jawad believed in innovations in ijtihad. He firmly held that life was in constant change, and Islam accepts some phenomena of the modern age, while it rejects some others. Al-Sayyid Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr (d. 1400/1979) writes the following about his views concerning jurisprudence and ijtihad: Now we see for the first time that the element of a social understanding of religious texts is independently propounded, and when I read parts of the book, Fiqh a-Imam al-Sadiq (written by Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya), I see that our great master Shaykh Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya has developed the issue in the book, and has given a new form and style to the Ja'fari jurisprudence. Although I cautiously speak of a social understanding of religious texts, I nevertheless believe that the principle propounded by our master, Mughniyya, for such an understanding can solve a big problem in jurisprudence". Necessity of Reforms in Islamic Seminaries According to Shaykh Muhammad Jawad, textbooks of Islamic seminaries were unfortunately unidimensional, ignoring other scholarly aspects that are important for the society. Students of Islamic seminaries are not usually aware of today's sciences. About the Islamic Seminary of Najaf, he suggests, "one characteristics of this seminary is that its scholars are not aware of modern sciences, and they are reluctant to include them in their textbooks. Islamic seminaries are silent about what happens to Muslims and people of the world. For example, they are silent about the Algerian Movement or colonial wars and fatal weapons. The Islamic Seminary of Najaf needs to be reformed, and this is what has been fathomed by its teachers and students". Mughniyya and Islamic Democracy Mughniyya considers an Islamic government to be the best form of government and criticizes western democracies. He believes that in western democracies, people's fate will be in the hands of a few capitalists, and others will remain poor and ignorant. Shaykh Mughniyya and the Islamic Revolution of Iran For Mughniyya, the Islamic Revolution of Iran is a successor of the Prophet's (s) Islamic system. He cites the hadith, "A man from Qom calls people to the right, and people will gather around him, who are as hard as iron, and who will not be shaken by storms, will not be bored of fighting and will not sidestep, and in God they trust, and the outcome is for the righteous", and then writes: "this hadith is the most accurate characterization of Imam Khomeini and his companions". He also said that the Islamic Revolution of Iran was a hard blow to enemies of Islam and humanity. The material for this article is mainly taken from محمدجواد مغنیه in Farsi WikiShia. Exegetes First century Sa'id b. Jubayr • Ibn 'Abbas 2nd century Jabir al-Ju'fi 3rd century Al-Husayn b. al-Hakam al-Hibari • 'Ali b. Ibrahim al-Qummi 4th century Al-Sharif al-Radi • Ibn Abi Zaynab • Muhammad b. Mas'ud al-'Ayyashi • Furat al-Kufi Al-Shaykh al-Tusi • Ibn Fattal al-Nayshaburi Abu l-Futuh al-Razi • Sa'id b. Hibat Allah al-Rawandi • Al-Tabrisi • Ibn Shahrashub Mulla Fath Allah Kashani • Abu l-Mahasim al-Jurjani Al-Sayyid Hashim al-Bahrani • Mulla Sadra • 'Abd 'Ali b. Jumu'a Huwayzi • al-Fayd al-Kashani Al-'Arusi al-Huwayzi Al-Sayyid 'Abd Allah Shubbar • 'Abbas 'Ali Qazwini • 'Allama Tabataba'i • Muhammad Jawad al-Balaghi • Sayyida Nusrat Amin • Sayyid Mahmud Taliqani • Sayyid 'Abd al-A'la Sabziwari • Sayyid Muhammad Husayni Hamadani • Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya Nasir Makarim Shirazi • Abd Allah Jawadi Amuli • Muhammad Sadiqi Tehrani • Sayyid Muhammad Taqi Mudarrisi • Muhsin Qara'ati • Akbar Hashimi Rafsanjani Al-Sayyid Hasan Nasrallah • Sayyid Musa al-Sadr • Muhammad Mahdi Shams al-Din • Na'im Qasim • Sayyid 'Abbas al-Musawi • Subhi Tufayli • 'Imad Mughniya • ُShaykh Raghib Harb • Kamal Jumblatt • Nabih Berri • Walid Jumblatt • Samir Kuntar • 'Abd al-Karim 'Ubayd Hezbollah • Amal Movement • The Supreme Islamic Shi'a Council of Lebanon • Islamic Dawa Party • Al-Mu'mina Resistance • Congress Party • Al-Jiya' Revolution Al Abi Jami' • Al Harfush • Al Khatun • Al Balaghi • Banu Hisam • Al al-Saghir • Al Shukr • Al Amin • Al Khalil • Al al-Zayn • Al al-Sadr • Al Baydun • Al Sharara • Al Sharaf al-Din • Al Fadl Allah • Al 'Usayran • Al Sadiq • Al Hamada Until the 13th Century Al-Shahid al-Awwal • 'Ali b. Muhammad Bayadi • Al-Husayn b. 'Abd al-Samad al-Harithi • Baha' al-Din al-'Amili • Al-Shahid al-Thani • Hasan b. Zayn al-Din al-'Amili • Ibrahim b. 'Ali al-Kaf'ami • Al-Hurr al-'Amili • Al-Muhaqqiq al-Karaki • Natanzi Isfahani • 'Ali b. Hilal al-Karaki • Ibrahim b. 'Ali al-Maysi • Ibrahim b. Muhammad al-Karaki • Ahmad b. al-Hasan 'Ali al-Hurr al-'Amili • Mirza Habib Allah al-A'raji • Muhaqqiq al-Maysi • Al-Sayyid Muhammad Jawad al-'Amili Ibrahim b. al-Sadiq al-'Amili • Al-Sayyid 'Abd al-Husayn Sharaf al-Din • Sayyid Hashim Ma'ruf al-Hasani • Al-Sayyid Muhsin al-Amin • Muhammad Jawad Mughniyya Sayyid al-Hasan al-Amin • Muhammad Mahdi Shams al-Din • Al-Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Fadl Allah • Al-Sayyid Ja'far Murtada al-'Amili • Shaykh Na'im al-Hasan • Zayn al-Din Ja'far al-'Amili • Ahmad b. 'Ali al-'Amili • Ja'far al-Muhajir • Sayyid Muhammad Jawad Fadl Allah Other Celebrities George Jordac • Druziyya • Alawites • Isma'ilism • Imamiyya Jabal 'Amil • Beirut • Tyre (Lebanon) • Sidon • Dahieh (Beirut) • Nabatieh • Hermel • Baalbek • Jazin • Bint Jbeil • Byblos • Jbaa • Qana Tomb of Khawla Al-Manar • Al-Nour Radio • Al-'Ahd weekly newspaper • Al-Risala Radio • NBN Television • Al-Iman Television • Al-Basha'ir Television Imam Musa al-Sadr Institution • Imam 'Ali Institution • sayyid Muhammad Husayn Fadl Allah Institutions A'lami Publication • Dar al-Maktaba • Dar al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah • Dar al-Ihya' al-Turath al-'Arabi Retrieved from "http://en.wikishia.net/index.php?title=Muhammad_Jawad_Mughniyya&oldid=153148" Buried in the shrine of Imam Ali (a) Quranic commentators Scholars of Lebanon	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1820
__label__cc	0.501722	0.498278	Encyclopedia > The Pile The Pile The Pile was the term coined by the rescue workers to describe the tons of wreckage left from the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attack on the World Trade Center. They avoided the use of Ground Zero, out of respect for all those who died. Workers worked day and night to clear the wreckage and recover colleagues killed during the attacks. The site was officially cleared around Memorial Day, 2002, about 4 months earlier than expected. The last standing piece of building steel, which was part of the South Tower, was draped with an American flag and carried out during a ceremony marking the last day of the recovery work. It was a symbol for all those lost whose bodies were never recovered or identified. It will be used to construct the bow of a new San Antonio-class[?] amphibious assault ship, USS New York (which is explicitly named for the state, not the city). See World Trade Center site for reconstruction news. Amphitryon ... the king's daughter, out of love for Amphitryon cut off her father's golden hair, the possession of which rendered him immortal. Having defeated the enemy, ...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1822
__label__wiki	0.606103	0.606103	Iowa Caucuses To Force Republican Decision On LGBT Equality May 23, 2011 5:40 pm ET by Carlos Maza The 2012 GOP presidential caucuses in Iowa will soon highlight the growing divide between anti-gay social conservatives and the majority of Americans that now support same-sex marriage. Traditionally thought of as an important predictor of which Republican candidate will win the party primary, the Iowa Republican caucuses have become dominated by right-wing and anti-gay social conservatives in recent years. During the May 20 edition of her MSNBC show, Rachel Maddow broke down the Iowa Republican caucuses’ transition “from a national proving ground into kind of a strange backwater”: MADDOW: When it comes to electing a president, Iowa as a state cherishes its first-in-the-nation-role. But in recent years Iowa Republican caucuses have been so hijacked by single issue anti-gay politics and religious fundamentalists that Iowa is sort of becoming an irrelevant sideshow in the presidential race rather than being a bellwether… Winning Iowa has no predictive value anymore. The extreme, anti-gay nature of the Iowa caucuses puts Republican presidential hopefuls in a tight and uncomfortable position. On one hand, they understand that in order to win in Iowa they’ll need to appeal to right-wing social conservatives. Candidates like Rep. Michele Bachmann and Newt Gingrich have had no qualms with flying their anti-gay colors. On the other hand, they aren’t oblivious to the fact that poll after poll is now finding that a majority of Americans support full marriage equality. Bashing the LGBT community may be a safe way to ensure victory in Republican primaries, but that approach is likely to backfire in a general election. As the public continues to evolve on same-sex marriage, Republicans will increasingly feel the pressure to walk the line on controversial social issues. Moreover, some Republicans may begin experiencing significant pressure from within their own party to move away from anti-gay politics. A recent poll found that a slim majority of Republicans now say they support some form of legal recognition for same-sex couples. The number of pro-equality Republicans is likely to grow as younger generations of conservatives, which have consistently been more LGBT-friendly than their predecessors, enter the political mainstream. This trend was clearly on display in Minnesota earlier this month when Madeline Koch, a straight Republican, testified in opposition to a bill that would pave the way for a state constitutional amendment banning same-sex marriage. During her testimony, Koch argued that voting for such a measure would take the party “in the wrong direction for future generations of Republicans.” Iowa, then, is an opportunity to see how Republican hopefuls (and perhaps Republican leadership in general) continue to deal with the demands of a group of extreme, anti-gay conservatives that has become increasingly marginalized both in the general public and within the GOP. The party’s future electoral success hangs in the balance. While the GOP appear comfortable sticking to their anti-gay guns for this election cycle, it may only be a matter of time before prominent Republican candidates starting cutting their losses and avoiding Iowa altogether. Gingrich Gets Glittered At Anti-Gay Minnesota Event House GOP Continues Its Desperate Fight Against DADT Repeal Tea Party: We'll Trade Fiscal Discipline For Anti-Gay Discrimination Tags: Newt Gingrich, Michele Bachmann, Iowa,	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1829
__label__cc	0.569723	0.430277	You are here: Home / Archives for straight outta compton Essential Albums of the 80s and 90s: NWA – Straight Outta Compton April 16, 2014 by NeoJake 3 Comments NWA – Straight Outta Compton Essential Tracks: “Fck The Police” “Gangsta Gangsta” Okay. Here we go. I am going to start this with a disclaimer. I am a white male who did not grow up in the “hood” and am in no way a racist individual. Got it? Good. Here we go. Time to go back to the 80s. Look around the streets and listen. Boomboxes were everywhere. Rap was everywhere! And there came a time when a small cross-section of the rap genre reared its ugly head- Gangster Rap! Who was on the forefront of this controversial musical movement? A lot of groups were but leading the charge was a formation of Dr. Dre, Ice Cube, MC Ren, DJ Yella and Eazy E (Eazy Muthafuckin’ E R.I.P.). I am, of course, talking about NWA! That’s right. Niaz With Attitudes! What a storm this group caused! The media flipped out because of the violent and explicit language they used. Parents lost their minds and kids loved it because “they said bad words.” (Admit it. You did. I did. We all did.) In 1988, this group hit big after some lesser known stuff and really caused the world to pee its pants with the album “Straight Outta Compton.” The album opens with a punch in the face in the form of the title track after a warning to prepare yourself. “You are now about to witness the strength of street knowledge.” And here we go! Verses are traded between Ice Cube, MC Ren, and Eazy E. They all get to show off their style of rap here and this continues through the rest of the album. Track two is the one that most people are familiar with and the one I am sure everyone is waiting for me to talk about. Here it comes. “Fuck The Police.” Let’s set the scene. NWA is holding court in a case against the police department with Dr. Dre presiding as judge. Ice Cube, Ren and Eazy E are all giving testimony against ignorant police officers. Violent? Yes. Unnecessarily explicit? Maybe. Hilarious? Yes! After all the testimonies are given via traded verses between the “prosecuting attorneys,” Judge Dre gives his verdict. Guilty! And then you hear the cop being dragged out of the courtroom. All through the song, you get the chant of “Fuck the police… Fuck, fuck, fuck the police” as a hook in the chorus all over 80s beats and 70s funk. Catchy? You bet!! Most tracks on the album tell a story of street life and the trials of “gangsta life.” This is continued in “Gangsta, Gangsta.” More funky music and a great hook: “I’m the type of ni*a that’s built to last. If you fuck with me, I’ll put a foot in yo’ ass. I don’t give a fuck ’cause I keep bailin’, What the fuck are they yellin’? GANGSTA GANGSTA!” This is followed by a line from the legendary KRS One (look him up, kids): “It’s not about salary. It’s all about reality.” The funk, flow and anger continues. There is a great self-referential track about how bad the lyrics are (“Parental Discretion Iz Advised.”) There is another single to follow up “Straight Outta Compton” which could be considered a slow jam, cover, and sample-heavy groove: “Express Yourself” which takes directly from Charles Wright’s R&B song of the same name and allows Dre to take a solo role. There are remixes of tracks that they released before this debut (“8 Ball,” “Compton’s In The House,” “Dopeman.”) And it all comes to a close with Dre and Yella producing a track that could easily be the soundtrack to a group of urban teens breakdancing in the streets (“Something 2 Dance 2,”) All in all, this album, while controversial enough to cause Tipper Gore to go on a rampage (look it up), is a great slice of history when it comes to rap. You like the stuff from today? This is where some of it started. You don’t like rap? Do yourself a favor and at least listen to this album which has a permanent place in my list of essential albums from the 80s and 90s that you must own or listen to before you die. Little 9 year old Jake approves and current mid 30s Jake continues to approve. Filed Under: Arts & Entertainment, Opinions & Editorials, Quick & Dirty, Reviews & Analysis Tagged With: 1988, 80s, album, dr dre, eazy e, essential albums, gangsta rap, hip hop, ice cube, krs one, music, nwa, rap, review, straight outta compton	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1837
__label__wiki	0.536969	0.536969	Broke & Hungry Records - Ten Questions With Jeff Konkel Over the past couple of months, Friday Blues Fix has looked at a couple of important blues labels of the past. Today, we're going to look at a present-day blues label that's doing its part to keep the blues alive, Broke & Hungry Records. Jeff Konkel is the founder and driving force behind Broke & Hungry Records, a label that specializes in finding and recording rarely-heard (or never before-heard) Mississippi Delta Blues musicians. Konkel started the label in 2006 with a recording from Bentonia bluesman Jimmy “Duck” Holmes, a disciple of fellow Bentonia natives Skip James and Jack Owens. Since then, B&H has released six other well-received recordings, the most recent being another album by Holmes titled Ain’t It Lonesome . In 2008, the label joined forces with Cat Head Delta Blues & Folk Art (Roger Stolle) and Mudpuppy Productions (Kari Jones) to release M for Mississippi , the critically acclaimed documentary of the current Mississippi Delta blues scene, and its two accompanying CD soundtracks. In 2011, Broke and Hungry will be celebrating their fifth anniversary. Mr. Konkel was gracious enough to sit down with Friday Blues Fix to answer a few questions about his label, past, present, and future. We appreciate him taking the time to do so. Wesley Jefferson and Jeff Konkel during the filming of M for Mississippi Everyone has a story about how they were first drawn to the blues. What’s your story? Like a lot of people, I backed my way into the blues. During high school, I was a big classic rock fan. In the spring of 1992, when I was 18, I heard about Robert Johnson and his influence on Zeppelin, Clapton and the Stones. I picked up his Complete Recordings and, frankly, it didn’t make much of an impact on first listen. I just couldn’t see what all the fuss was about. I kept listening and eventually the music really hit me. From there, I began collecting music from other prewar figures like Skip James, Bukka White, Blind Willie McTell, Blind Blake, Mississippi John Hurt and others. It wasn’t until 1997, during my first trip to the Delta that I became interested in contemporary rural blues. Once I fell for it, I fell hard. How did the idea for Broke and Hungry Records come about? October 2005 was not a great time for fans of Mississippi Blues. Rooster Blues Records had folded and Fat Possum Records had moved toward rock. R.L. Burnside had just died as had a couple of other artists from the region. I was at a juke joint called Po’ Monkey’s in Merigold, Mississippi, lamenting the fact that there were still great bluesmen flying under the radar with no one seemingly interested in recording them. I also knew that these artists weren’t getting younger. The beer was flowing that night, and in a moment of “clarity” (read: drunken foolishness), I declared that I was going to start a label to address this need. A couple of weeks later I formed Broke & Hungry Records, and just two weeks after that, we cut our first record. While Jimmy “Duck” Holmes is a fairly familiar name to a lot of Mississippi blues fans, as are Terry “Big T” Williams and Wesley Jefferson, how did you happen to find out about Odell Harris and the Mississippi Marvel? Those two artists seemingly came out of nowhere. Frankly, even Jimmy was pretty obscure when I first recorded him. He had only played outside of Yazoo County on a couple of occasions. The dedicated blues hounds knew about Jimmy’s juke joint, the Blue Front Café in Bentonia, but I don’t think many folks had a real grasp of the depths of his talent. As for Odell Harris and the Mississippi Marvel, I was basically chasing rumors and shadows. I knew a handful of folks who had heard Odell, and they all told me he was incredible. They also told me he was utterly unreliable and impossible to track down. My friend Lightnin’ Malcolm knows Odell pretty well and was able to find him. I realized I might not have a second shot at recording him, so I set up a session on the Gulf Coast without ever having heard him play a note of music. I guess you’ve figured out by now, I’m a pretty impulsive guy. Anyhow, the session was grueling. It kicked off at around 11 p.m. one Saturday night in August 2006. It dragged on throughout the night, but the first several hours were pretty brutal. Odell was in a sour mood and the locals in the club were in even lower spirits. At several points, I considered just shutting it down and cutting my losses, but shortly before dawn, everything came together. In just a couple of hours we had what we needed. Good thing, too, because Odell has once again vanished. I talked to him by phone shortly after the session, but I haven’t seen him again and he seems to have fallen off the map completely. As for the Mississippi Marvel, I had heard about him for a couple of years before I met him. Since he’s chosen to stay anonymous, I can’t tell you much about the circumstances behind meeting him. What I can tell you is that when I finally did hear him, I was immediately bowled over. I called my buddy Roger Stolle and held up the phone so he could hear. At the end of that phone call I told Roger, “I guess I know who I’m recording next.” Of course, making that happen proved a little difficult. After several months of trying to talk him into recording, the man we now call the Mississippi Marvel informed me that his fellow congregants at church were not fans of blues music and he feared he would be alienated from his community if he cut a CD of secular music. Eventually we came up with the idea of issuing the CD under the pseudonym and with no photos or details that might compromise his anonymity. I’m really proud of both of those records. They’re totally ragged and raw in the best possible way. Needless to say, it’s hard to make your money back on CDs where the artists won’t do media or play any shows, but I’d do it all again. Any standout moments with B&H so far that you’d like to remember? Too many to count. And the highlights greatly outnumber the lowlights. One obvious highlight was winning the Blues Music Award for our film M For Mississippi in 2009. I’d like to say that such things don’t matter, but that would be a lie. When you put your heart and soul, not to mention your savings into a big project like that, you want people to appreciate it. It was really gratifying to know that audiences connected with the artists in the film. But at the end of the day, it’s really the little moments that make it all worthwhile. I enjoy spending time with the artists we record, getting to know them as people, developing friendships. Jimmy “Duck” Holmes and I drove out to the East Coast for a short tour earlier this year, and while there were a few bumps along the way, I wouldn’t trade experiences like that for the world. Jimmy "Duck" Holmes Any moments you’d just as soon forget? A few, but even the worst experiences usually make for a good story later. The Odell session started terribly but ended up resulting in a great record. Looking at my bank account is usually an experience I’d just as soon forget. They don’t call us Broke & Hungry for nothing. The M For Mississippi documentary is fantastic…..one of the best at covering its subject, blues musicians…..not as a specimen under a microscope as many of these docs do, but as living, breathing human beings. What made you guys decide to do such a film and how long did you bounce the idea around before jumping in with both feet? Thanks. We had a blast making the movie. The week we spent on the road was amazing. Exhausting, but amazing. The idea for the film evolved over time. Since starting Broke & Hungry Records, I’ve become great friends with Roger Stolle of Cat Head Delta Blues & Folk Art in Clarksdale. We’ve spent a lot of time hanging out together in jukes and in the homes of bluesmen across the region. We knew we wanted to collaborate on a major project that reflected those experiences and eventually we decided a film was the best way to do that. We agreed right away that this couldn’t be another dry, academic treatise on the history of the blues. Those films have already been made a thousand times over. Besides, that just isn’t how we approach the music. If you’re not having fun at a juke joint or a house party, you’re doing something wrong. We wanted the film to reflect that attitude. The movie is intended to be fun and entertaining. We want people who see it to hop in their cars and head down to the Delta for a road trip of their own. (L to R) Roger Stolle, Jeff Konkel, and Terry "Harmonica" Bean during the filming of M for Mississippi We started talking about the project sometime in 2006, and spent the next two years mapping it out, assembling our team and raising money. We shot the film in just a week during the spring of 2008 and we released it a mere six months later. It was a pretty exhausting process, but we wanted to release the film quickly so that it could benefit the artists while they’re still alive and able to take advantage of the exposure. Sadly, that concern has proven well founded. Two of the artists in the movie – Wesley “Junebug” Jefferson and Wiley Foster, better known as “Mr. Tater the Music Maker” – have since passed. There are a lot of memorable moments in the movie, sometimes poignant, sometimes hilarious. Give us a few of your highlights from filming the documentary, some things that really stand out in your memory? Well, the day at R.L. Boyce’s house in Como, Mississippi was a blast. The weather didn’t cooperate, but the house party was great. As you can see on the film, there was a lot happening in the house. We laughed a lot that day. Actually we laughed a lot throughout the entire filming. We really enjoyed the experience. Most of the artists in the film are guys we know well both personally and professionally, so the atmosphere was usually pretty relaxed. Nevertheless, nonstop filming for a week is completely exhausting. By the final day – when we shot the L.C. Ulmer segment – we were basically walking zombies, but even then we managed to have some fun. You basically started Broke and Hungry with no previous experience in the music industry. Did that help you or hurt you? Is there anything that you would have done differently if you had the chance? From an artistic standpoint, I think my inexperience helped. I started the label as a fan, not as a seasoned producer. As a result, I’ve tended to make records that I would want to hear as a fan. These aren’t just “products” to be deposited in the marketplace. They’re true labors of love, and hopefully that shows. I don’t get hung up on what others consider the “right” way of doing things. We’re going to keep on marching to the beat of our own drum. For a taste of the Broke & Hungry approach, check out this truly unique, atmospheric version of the Delta classic, "Catfish," courtesy of Terry "Big T" Williams and the late Wesley "Junebug" Jefferson, from their Meet Me In The Cottonfield release.....an amazing combination of the best of the past and the present of Delta blues What can we expect from Broke and Hungry Records in the future? In early 2011, we’ll be issuing a two-CD collection called Mistakes Were Made: Five Years of Raw Blues, Damaged Livers & Questionable Business Decisions. It pulls together some of the best music from our catalog along with a whole lot of great, never-before-heard recordings. The set will include 30 tracks, of which a full 15 have never before been released. The unreleased tracks include contributions by Jimmy "Duck" Holmes, Wesley Jefferson, Pat Thomas, Terry "Big T" Williams, Bill Abel, The Mississippi Marvel and Terry "Harmonica" Bean. Here's a previously unreleased song (courtesy of Mr. Konkel) that will be included on the upcoming collection from Terry "Harmonica" Bean, called "Pretty Baby." I’m also planning to reissue our debut CD, Back to Bentonia by Jimmy “Duck” Holmes next spring. This remastered version will feature new artwork, new liner notes and several unreleased cuts from the session. Additionally, we’re hoping to finalize a project for Three Forks Music, the new cooperative organization that reunites the labels responsible for M For Mississippi : Broke & Hungry Records, Cat Head Delta Blues & Folk Art and Mudpuppy Recordings. What are your top ten indispensable recordings? Tough question. Ask me tomorrow and you’re likely to get an entirely different bunch of records, but here are some of my favorite postwar blues records (in no particular order): - Fred McDowell – First Recordings (Rounder Records) - Lightnin’ Hopkins – Lightnin’ And The Blues: The Herald Sessions (Buddha Records) - Furry Lewis, Bukka White & Friends – Party! At Home (Arcola Records) - Cedell Davis – When Lightnin’ Struck The Pine (Fast Horse Records) - David “Honeyboy” Edwards – I’ve Been Around (Trix Records/Savoy Record) - Various Artists – I Have To Paint My Face: Mississippi Blues – 1960 (Arhoolie Records) - Junior Kimbrough – Most Things Haven’t Worked Out (Fat Possum Records) - Jack Owens – It Must Have Been The Devil (Testament Records) - Big Joe Williams – Shake Your Boogie (Arhoolie Records) - Lonnie Pitchford – All Around Man (Rooster Blues Records) The Broke & Hungry Records Catalog Jimmy “Duck” Holmes – Back To Bentonia Odell Harris – Searching for Odell Harris Terry “Big T” Williams & Wesley “Junebug” Jefferson – Meet Me in the Cotton Field Jimmy “Duck” Holmes – Done Got Tired of Tryin’ The Mississippi Marvel – The World Must Never Know Pat Thomas – His Father’s Son Jimmy “Duck” Holmes – Ain’t It Lonesome M for Mississippi - A Road Trip Through The Birthplace of The Blues (DVD & 2 CDs) – a collaboration between Broke & Hungry, Cat Head, and Mudpuppy) To see FBF's post from April on M For Mississippi (and an interview with Roger Stolle, go here.) Best of 2010 - Top Discs You Might Have Missed Bright Lights, Big City - The Music of Jimmy Reed Broke & Hungry Records - Ten Questions With Jeff K... In Case You Missed Them...... Why The Long Face????	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1839
__label__cc	0.507446	0.492554	TV Series Starsky & Hutch Seasons 1 All Episodes for Download Looking for the Starsky & Hutch TV Show? Seasons 1 are available for downloading in good and high hd quality, select the season number below. Watch Starsky & Hutch NOW Starsky & Hutch screencaps Dave Starsky and Ken Hutchinson, better known as Starsky & Hutch, two police officers from Bay City to rough up along with her red-and-white Ford Gran Torino, the criminal world of their city. Together with her supervisor Dobey and their informant Huggy Bear is the television series to date cult. Nearly 30 years after the first broadcast Starsky & Hutch came back to the movies, because the series from the 1970s was filmed: in 2004 there was a movie with Starsky and Hutch, in which Owen Wilson, Ben Stiller and Snoop Dogg played the leading roles.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1843
__label__wiki	0.707669	0.707669	1000 Meter Resolution Bathymetry Grid of Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ): Russian River Basin, California, 1998 Circuit Rider Productions Eez1000 is a 1000 meter resolution statewide bathymetric dataset that generally covers the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), an area extending 200 nautical miles from all United States possessions and trust territories. The data was adapted from isobath values ranging from 200 meters to 4800 meters below sea level; therefore nearshore depictions ARE NOT ACCURATE and "flatten out" between 200 meter depths and the coastline. The data is intended only for general portrayals of offshore features and depths. The Department of Fish and Game (DFG), Technical Services Branch (TSB) GIS Unit received the source data in the form of a line contour coverage (known as DFG's eezbath) from the United States Geological Survey (USGS). The contour data was converted to a TIN (triangulated irregular network) using ArcView 3D Analyst and then converted to a grid. The contour data was previously reprojected by TSB to Albers conic equal-area using standard Teale Data Center parameters. Some minor aesthetic editing was performed on peripheral areas using the ARC/INFO Grid EXPAND function. The image version was created using the ARC/INFO GRIDIMAGE function. Please see the attached metadata file "eezbatcall.doc" or the DFG coverage metadata "eezbath.txt" for further source data information.This layer can be used for watershed analysis and planning in the Russian River region of California. Sonoma County (Calif.), Mendocino County (Calif.), Russian River Watershed (Calif.) Hydrography, Watersheds, Inland Waters http://purl.stanford.edu/dg548ft1892	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1844
__label__wiki	0.94655	0.94655	Sir Joe Quarterman & Free Soul (1973) "Joe Quarterman was an unfairly overlooked funk and soul singer influenced by -- but not imitative of -- James Brown. Honing his chops in church choirs and various vocal groups, Quarterman earned the nickname "Sir" in high school while singing with a group called the Knights; he subsequently joined up with a female backing quartet as Sir Joe & the Maidens and cut a few records during the early '60s. Quarterman went on to play trumpet in the El Corols (aka the Magnificent Seven), whose highest-profile gig came as Garnet Mimms' backing band. In 1970, after playing jazz with the Orlando Smith Quintet, he formed a backing group called Free Soul, which featured lead guitarist George "Jackie" Lee, jazz-trained guitarist Willie Parker, fretless bassist Gregory Hammonds, keyboardist Karissa Freeman, drummer Charles Steptoe, and horn player Leon Rogers. Their first single, "(I Got) So Much Trouble in My Mind," was also their biggest, reaching the R&B Top 30 in early 1973. Quarterman's only LP, Sir Joe Quarterman & Free Soul, was released later that year on the small GSF label, and showed Quarterman to be an avatar of the kind of hard, socially conscious funk James Brown often recorded during the early '70s. Further singles followed, including "This Girl of Mine (She's Good to Me)," "I'm Gonna Get You," and "Thanks Dad," before Quarterman moved to Mercury in 1974. Unfortunately, the label issued only two singles, the fine "Get Down Baby" and "I'm a Young Man," before letting Quarterman go. Financial problems broke up the band, and Quarterman quit the business to return to college and earn his degree in architecture. Collectables reissued Quarterman's lone album on CD during the '90s, adding several non-LP singles as bonus tracks." 1. Sir Joe Quarterman & Free Soul - (I got) So much trouble in my (6:18) 2. Sir Joe Quarterman & Free Soul - I made a promise (4:13) 3. Sir Joe Quarterman & Free Soul - The trouble with trouble (2:47) 4. Sir Joe Quarterman & Free Soul - The way they do my life (3:04) 5. Sir Joe Quarterman & Free Soul - Find yourself (2:59) 6. Sir Joe Quarterman & Free Soul - Gonna get me a friend (2:04) 7. Sir Joe Quarterman & Free Soul - Give me back my freedom (3:32) 8. Sir Joe Quarterman & Free Soul - I feel like this (2:53) 9. Sir Joe Quarterman & Free Soul - Live now brothers (2:59) Sir Joe Quarterman - (I Got) So Much Trouble In My Mind Labels: 70's, deep funk, funk, soul Gansta Funk Compilation Cold Heat - Heavy Funk Rarities, Vol. 1 (1968-1974... Dyke & The Blazers - We Got More Soul Fugi - Mary, Don't Take Me On No Bad Trip (1968) Vicki Anderson - Mother Popcorn Anthology Red Hot Chili Peppers - Blood Sugar Sex Magik (199... Defunkt - Thermonuclear Sweat (1982) Eddie Bo - Hook And Sling	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1846
__label__cc	0.53232	0.46768	Meet The UK’s Mr Hurricane There are only 11 Hawker Hurricanes in the world that are airworthy. Tony Ditheridge of Hawker Restorations is responsible for six of them. Not bad for someone who got into flying because of a bet… Round the back of Moat Farm sits an innocuous looking barn where one might expect to find bales of hay or farming machinery. But open the doors and instead you’ll find an important chapter of British history as you’re met by the breath-taking sight of two naked Hurricane fuselages – numbers six and seven for Hawker Restorations. Founded by Tony Ditheridge, Hawker Restorations began as a small three-man company: ‘I started life as an apprentice toolmaker at an instrument company in Cambridge. I was about half way through my apprenticeship when I’d taken an interest in electronics and the company I worked for made scanning electron microscopes (SEM). I graduated with three years of tool making and two years electronics experience. I ended up selling and repairing these machines all over the world. ‘I then started my own company working with an American and a Japanese firm selling SEM’s. After a few years the Japanese company took over and wanted to bury my company and have me as a director. They said they would do it with or without me. I called their bluff and they did it! So I sat in my office thinking what do I do now? ‘I had a couple of Stearmans in my workshop and stated restoring them. I then hired Graham Self and Richard Watson – two very accomplished builders. So the three of us were rattling around the workshop waiting for something to happen. Then we met John “Jeff” Hawke who ran a company called Vision Air. He told us he had a contract from the Chilean Government to build a Bristol M1C for an air show to celebrate an event. We have to build it from scratch, test fly it and send it to Chile. And he said we had three months to do it. ‘So we thought, OK fine. We worked for three months and actually did it. We left Chile with an order for an Avro 504, SE5a and a Bleriot – so we were up and running.’ In the intervening years Hawker Restorations or AJD Engineering as they were then known, built 21 World War One aircraft plus several World War Two aircraft including a Spitfire, Corsair, Wild Cat, two Yak11’s and a two seat Spitfire. But he Hurricane is what really set Tony and his team apart from any other restorer; ‘I bought two Hurricanes in 1987 with the view to restore them. It turned out that they were a metallurgist’s nightmare. It became obvious very quickly that to get the material wand the tooling made was well beyond our budget. We needed several million pounds to get it done properly. So we sold our two Hurricanes and walked away completely.’ Tony was willing to walk away and forget about the Hurricane. It seems everyone that has tried to rebuild them before had ended up going bankrupt. But a previous project ended up being the turning point for the company. They had restored a World War One SE5A for Sir Tim Wallis and his Aircraft Museum based in Wanaka, New Zealand. Sir Tim phoned Tony and told him about a Hurricane he had found in the Murmansk area of Russia. The aircraft had crashed in the winter of 1943 and he asked Tony if he could restore it: ‘I told him we could do it but it wouldn’t be cheap. It would cost around £3m to rebuild the one aircraft. I said there was no point making a £3m aeroplane; we might as well build three £1m aeroplanes. There needed to be a huge investment in tooling and parts, so the overall cost would go down with each additional rebuild. It was going to be a leap of faith. People had tried it before and it’s always finished them. ‘Tim gave me a substantial cheque, told me get on with it and Hawker Restorations was started. I then bought the other two wrecks back as the guy had looked at them, changed his mind and was desperate to get rid of them. So I got them for half the price I sold them at.’ The Hurricane is a mechanically jointed aeroplane. Hawker didn’t believe in welded structures so it has to be very rigid, as Tony explains: ‘There is no latitude for building it wrong. If you get it wrong, it still looks the same. But in a very short period of time start to move about, fret and become very dangerous. The Hurricane is probably made up of a million parts and if you look at the drawings of each of those parts, the limits and fits are very, very tight. So once you’ve spent the money on the material science of having the spars made (a twelve sided tube over a circular tube) and once you’ve invested in the machining programmes and the skills of the people, building anything other than Hurricanes now would be pointless. The problem with the Hurricane is it’s all made of steel tube. Most of it will be scrap by the time we get it because it corrodes internally and externally. The main spars on the hurricane are 12-sided and one sits inside the other with a roll tube inside that. And they have to be an interference fit – one has to be slightly smaller than the other so when they clamp up them must lock in; to do that you need a lot of expensive tooling. If you look in the Hawker repair manual you can see how critical these parts are. They state that any corrosion, dent or scratch more than three-thousandth of an inch deems the spar unairworthy! So you can see how difficult it is. All it would take would be for someone to accidently knock it with a screwdriver and that’s eight months work down the tube. That’s why people struggle to rebuild the Hurricane.’ Tony’s Hurricane workshop is filled with rack after rack of every conceivable part, either brand new or restored. There is everything from the entire fuselage of the third aircraft, awaiting reassembly, to each specific nut and bolt required to mount the Browning guns. Although Tony and his team track down and buy any Hurricane they hear about, regardless of condition, the more often than not end up with a buyer before they’ve even started the rebuild. People hear about the project long before the remains are back in their workshop, and offer to buy it straight away. Only one speculative aeroplane has been restored, all the others had a buyer before the project was underway. Tony’s team of experts work full time and everyone is a fully qualified toolmaker who can use a milling machine and a lathe and can turn anything to within 3/10 of a thousandth of an inch in accuracy. This is Tony’s prerequisite for anyone who works with him. ‘We have old traditional skills here, which are necessary as we build traditional aircraft. For instance, all the tube squaring, milling, turning and fabrication of the undercarriage legs are done in-house. The prototypes are all made by hand on a lathe. Then we send them to another company to make several more, but we make sure the original is handmade. If someone can do it better than us, then we outsource it. Our tube-squaring machine was built from the original 1937 designs of an original Hawker machine, costing in excess of £10,000. The entire cowling rails around the engine start with round tubes, then you square them and then you put them through another set of rolls to shape them. So we had to manufacture all the rolls to put the funny shapes in. ‘Of the five Hurricanes we’ve built we have made every part. But we can often reclaim the major forged components. We normally used between 30 and 60% of the original aircraft. The most we managed to salvage was Peter Vacher’s MkI. His aircraft had remained in India since the war and hadn’t been touched and had been in a box since 1955. It was complete when we got it. But, even though the spars looked good, would anyone in their right mind use spars that are 60 years old in an aircraft worth around £2m? But it’s still 65% original. It takes a long time to reclaim all the original parts and can actually take longer than fabricating new parts. ‘Once I’ve built the final Hurricane I might retire. But there may always be another one round the corner. What we really want to restore, and have a passion for, is a Mosquito. We’ve looked at three around the world so far. It seems a shame there isn’t one flying for the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight. It’s one of the most iconic aircraft of the Second World War and I would bust a gut to build one.’ Tony’s Top 5 Tips With all the knowledge Tony has gained over the years he knows a thing or two about building aircraft. here he offers a little insight into any homebuild project. Everything is in the planning. The building is important but the planning more so. Spend a lot of time analysing the feasibility, the amount of time you can spend on it, and your budget. Get advice from people you trust and who have already built the same type you intend to. At all stages liaise with the LAA or the CAA because you could finish the project and risk having to dismantle parts in order for the CAA or LAA to inspect and to approve the build. It’s very important to have a good workshop that is well lit and warm. If it’s warm you won’tmind being in there and it’ll be more suitable conditions for the building materials such as glue and wood. And make sure you’ve got a radio and kettle in there! Hurricane V7497/G-HRLI Flies – ITV Coverage Bonhams Auctioneers Sales Brochure for Hurricane P3351	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1848
__label__wiki	0.507185	0.507185	You are here: Home / Horse Racing Business / ANGELS OF MERCY February 7, 2009 by Bill Shanklin Leave a Comment Following is a fictionalized account based on a composite of actual cases. Old School Tie (aka Preppy) was foaled on a farm in Central Kentucky. He was by a prolific stallion, with an annual crop of over 125 foals, and out of a well-bred dam with a nice race record. Preppy had good but not model conformation and brought $75,000 at a Keeneland yearling sale. He was gelded and later sent to Ocala, Florida, for basic training. Afterwards, as a 2-year-old, Preppy was shipped to a trainer in New York, where he ran poorly in several maiden races. When the New York circuit proved too much for his abilities, he was sold to an owner whose stable was headquartered at a less competitive track in the Midwest. Five years later Preppy had raced 93 times, for six different owners and trainers, and had slipped to the bottom-level claiming ranks on the leaky-roof circuit. Preppy had won ten races in his career but was no longer able to compete, even at the lowest level. His last owner did not make any effort to find Preppy a good home (or at least euthanize him). After all, the owner was “running a business” and had to get any salvage value he could. Didn’t he? Preppy was sent to the New Holland (so-called “killer”) Auction in Pennsylvania, where slaughterhouse operatives grimly garner their “work-in-process” inventory. Story ending #1: Preppy was purchased by a slaughterhouse agent and sent to Mexico on a truck crowded with horses. There he met a harrowing end to his life in an executioner’s plant. Preppy had completed his odyssey that began with so much hope in the lush bluegrass of Kentucky and culminated in the detritus and stench of a factory of death. He had gone “from the stable to the table in seven days.” Story ending #2: A volunteer from a racehorse retirement and rehabilitation center outbid the slaughterhouse buyer, paying with her own money, and took Preppy to the center for a new lease on life. Preppy was cared for by inmates from a local prison, who were themselves looking for another chance. Nine months later, Preppy-a trail horse now–went to live with a family that cherished him as though he were a Triple Crown winner. Preppy remained there until he died of natural causes at age 21. Upwards of 43,000 Thoroughbred and Standardbred foals arrive each year in the United States. Add in foals from Quarter Horses bred to race, foals from foreign countries, foals from non-racing breeds, and foals from wild mustangs and the numbers mushroom. Many of these animals come to a degrading end to their existence, and run the gamut from Heinz 57-bred horses to blueblooded classic winners like Ferdinand and Exceller. With so many foals being born annually, the rescue and rehabilitation facilities cannot save every abandoned or unwanted horse, any more than the animal shelters can save every unwanted cat and dog or guarantee a “no kill” policy. The people who run the horse retirement centers know, of course, that all they can really do is slow the tide, so to speak. But they act as though they can turn back a tsunami, for to think and act otherwise would be to give in to the futility of it all. The Unwanted Horse Coalition is an alliance of equine groups and organizations, under the auspices of the American Horse Council, with the mission “to reduce the number of unwanted horses and to improve their welfare through education and the efforts of organizations committed to the health, safety, and responsible care and disposition of these horses.” According to the Coalition: ” No accurate figures document how many unwanted horses actually exist, their age and sex, the breeds represented, how many are purebred versus grade, their most recent use, their value or what happens to them in the long run. Tens of thousands of horses that could be classified as unwanted are being sent to processing facilities in the U.S., Canada and Mexico each year.” Everyone who owns, trains, rides/drives or otherwise makes a living from horse racing should feel the tug of the retirement and rehab centers. Surely, the vast majority of participants in racing feel a lasting obligation to the animals who run their hearts out on their behalf. Commendably, some of the major organizations in racing, such as the auction companies, the National Thoroughbred Racing Association, and the Standardbred Retirement Foundation, have instituted programs to foster racehorse adoption and to funnel monetary donations to rescue centers. Additionally, a number of racetracks are denying racing privileges to trainers who are found to have sent their horses off to slaughter. Some tracks are sponsoring adoption programs. The late John A. Hettinger, founder of Blue Horse Charities, cut to the chase by pointing out that every unwanted horse that is sent to a slaughterhouse was once wanted: when they were acquired. For various reasons-boredom, lack of wherewithal, irresponsibility, and so on-the bloom wore off and an owner made a decision to cast off the acquisition. It would be easy to write a scathing essay about people who abandon their horses to the killers and about the inhumanity of the slaughterhouses, especially in Mexico. But the dark human nature of the people who so dispose of their horses is unlikely to be changed by condemnation and entreaties. Words are better devoted to lauding the works of the folks in the horse rescue, rehabilitation, and placement centers, who labor for long hours, in relative anonymity and for meager or no monetary compensation, to care for animals that can’t care for themselves. Raising funds and getting volunteers are continual chores and many of the centers are swamped with requests to take on more horse residents. These Angels of Mercy merit a special place near the winged horse Pegasus, in the constellation between Cygnus and Aquarius…or eventually in a place even higher in the heavens. Copyright (c) 2009 Horse Racing Business. Horse Racing Business has added a separate page called Angels of Mercy, which is an honor roll for individuals and organizations who deserve to be recognized for saving unwanted horses and giving them a dignified life. New entries will be made on an ongoing basis. Other websites that you can refer to for rescue-organization lisings are Blood-Horse Source and GreenButGame. Filed Under: Horse Racing Business Tagged With: American Horse Council, Blue Horse Charities, horse rescue, John A. Hettinger, National Thoroughbred Racing Association, Standardbred Retirement Fund, The Unwanted Horse Coalition	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1849
__label__wiki	0.811457	0.811457	2016 Australian Baseball League postseason Main article: 2015–16 Australian Baseball League season Australian Baseball League Postseason details Teams qualified Brisbane Bandits Defeated (game score) Adelaide Bite (2–0) AFA Sdadium at Holloway Field, Brisbane Series MVP Donald Lutz (BRI) Preliminary final series Won by Adelaide Bite Canberra Cavalry (2–1) Narrabundah Ballpark, Canberra 1 Bracket 2 Preliminary Final Series 2.1 Game 1 2.4 Composite Line Score 3 Championship Series Preliminary Final Series Championship Series 1 Brisbane Bandits 2 2 Canberra Cavalry 1 3 Adelaide Bite 0 3 Adelaide Bite 2 January 29, 2016 19:00 (UTC+10:30) at Norwood Oval Canberra Cavalry 0 2 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 4 5 0 Adelaide Bite 0 2 2 0 0 1 0 1 X 6 11 0 WP: Josh Tols (1–0) LP: Brian Grening (0–1) Sv: Loek van Mil (1) Home runs: CAN: Ryan Miller (1) ADE: Travis Demeritte 2 (2) The second game of the series was scheduled to be played on 30 January, but was postponed due to wet weather. It was rescheduled to be the first game of a doubleheader the following day. January 31, 2016 12:00 (UTC+11:00) at Narrabundah Ballpark Adelaide Bite 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 11 0 Canberra Cavalry 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 X 3 7 0 WP: Steven Kent (1–0) LP: Takuro Ito (0–1) Sv: Michael Click (1) ADE: Kyle Petty (1) CAN: Bryan Pounds (1) Canberra Cavalry 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 12 1 WP: Nick Talbot (1–0) LP: Scott Cone (0–1) ADE: Travis Demeritte 2 (4), Kyle Petty (2) CAN: None Composite Line Score 2016 ABL Preliminary Final Series (2–1): Adelaide Bite over Canberra Cavalry Adelaide Bite 3 2 6 1 0 1 2 1 1 17 34 1 February 5, 2016 18:00 (UTC+10:00) at AFA Sdadium at Holloway Field Brisbane Bandits 1 0 4 0 0 1 0 1 X 7 10 0 WP: Jason Jarvis (1–0) LP: Josh Tols (0–1) Sv: Ryan Searle (1) ADE: Angus Roeger (1) BRI: Bralin Jackson (1), TJ Bennett (1) Adelaide Bite 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 6 3 Brisbane Bandits 0 0 3 1 1 2 0 0 X 7 8 2 WP: Travis Blackley (1–0) LP: Steven Chambers (0–1) BRI: Donald Lutz (1) 2016 ABL Championship Series (2–0): Brisbane Bandits over Adelaide Bite Brisbane Bandits 1 0 7 1 1 3 0 1 0 14 18 2 Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2016_Australian_Baseball_League_postseason&oldid=764698988" 2015–16 Australian Baseball League season This content was retrieved from Wikipedia : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Australian_Baseball_League_postseason This page is based on the copyrighted Wikipedia article "2016 Australian Baseball League postseason"; it is used under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-SA). You may redistribute it, verbatim or modified, providing that you comply with the terms of the CC-BY-SA	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1853
__label__wiki	0.730804	0.730804	Graduate Center, CUNY (Redirected from Graduate Center) The Graduate School and University Center of the City University of New York The Life of the Mind in the Heart of the City[1] Public post-graduate university $134.7 million (2018)[2] Joy Connolly (interim, through June 30, 2019)[3] James Muyskens (effective July 1, 2019)[3] Julia Wrigley (interim) 4,071 (2018)[4] 570,000 sq ft[5] CUNY Blue and Black[6] www.gc.cuny.edu The Graduate School and University Center of the City University of New York (The Graduate Center) is a public research institution and post-graduate university in New York City. It is the principal doctoral-granting institution of the City University of New York (CUNY) system. The school is situated in a nine-story landmark building at 365 Fifth Avenue at the corner of 34th Street in the Midtown neighborhood of Manhattan, across the corner from the Empire State Building. The Graduate Center has 4,600 students, 31 doctoral programs, 14 master's programs, and 30 research centers and institutes. A core faculty of approximately 140 is supplemented by over 1,800 additional faculty members drawn from throughout CUNY's eleven senior colleges and New York City's cultural and scientific institutions. The Graduate Center is categorized as a "Doctoral University - Highest Research Activity" in the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education.[7] The Graduate Center faculty include recipients of the Nobel Prize, Pulitzer Prize, the National Humanities Medal, the National Medal of Science, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Rockefeller Fellowship, the Schock Prize, the Bancroft Prize, the Wolf Prize, Grammy Awards, the George Jean Nathan Award for Dramatic Criticism, Guggenheim Fellowships, the New York City Mayor's Award for Excellence in Science and Technology, the Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers, and memberships in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. In addition to academics, the Graduate Center extends its intellectual and cultural resources to the general public, offering access to a wide range of events, including lectures, symposia, performances, and workshops. 2.1 Mina Rees Library 2.2 Cultural venues 2.2.1 James Gallery 3 Academics 4.1 Advanced Research Collaborative (ARC) 4.2 Initiatives and committees 4.3 Centers and institutes 4.4 Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality 4.5 Advanced Science Research Center 6 Student life The Graduate Center is located in the former B. Altman building at 365 Fifth Avenue. Main article: City University of New York § History CUNY began offering doctoral education through its Division of Graduate Studies in 1961,[8] and awarded its first two Ph.D.s to Daniel Robinson and Barbara Stern in 1965. Robinson, currently a professor of philosophy at the University of Oxford, received his Ph.D. in psychology,[9] while Stern, late of Rutgers University, received her Ph.D. in English literature.[10] In 1969, the Division of Graduate Studies formally became the Graduate School and University Center.[11] Mathematician Mina S. Rees served as the institution's first president from 1969 until her retirement in 1972.[12] Rees was succeeded as president of the Graduate Center by environmental psychologist Harold M. Proshansky, who served until his death in 1990.[13] Psychologist Frances Degen Horowitz was appointed president in September, 1991.[14] In 2005, Horowitz was succeeded by the school's provost, Professor of English Literature William P. Kelly.[15] During Kelly's tenure at the Graduate Center the University has seen significant growth in revenue, funding opportunities for students, increased Distinguished Faculty and a general resurgence.[16] This is in accordance with three primary goals articulated in the Graduate Center's strategic plan.[17] The first of these involves enhancing student support. In 2013, 83 dissertation-year fellowships were awarded at a total cost of $1.65 million. The Graduate Center is also developing new programs to advance research prior to the dissertation phase, including archival work. The fiscal stability of the university has enabled the chancellery to increase, on an incremental basis, the value of these fellowships. The packages extended for 2013-14 year increase stipends and reduce teaching requirements. In 2001, the Graduate Center provided 14 million dollars in student support, and, in Fall 2013, 51 million in student support.[17] On April 23, 2013, the CUNY Board of Trustees announced that President Kelly would serve as interim chancellor for the City University of New York beginning July 1 with the retirement of Chancellor Matthew Goldstein.[18] GC Provost Chase F. Robinson, a historian, was appointed to serve as interim president of the Graduate Center in 2013, and then served as president from July 2014 to December 2018.[19][20] Joy Connolly became Provost of the Graduate Center in August 2016 and Interim President in December 2018.[21] Julia Wrigley was appointed as interim provost in December 2018.[22] Graduate Center, CUNY 34th Street entrance The Graduate Center's main campus is located on the corner of 34th Street and Fifth Avenue, adjacent to the Empire State Building, in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Housed in the former flagship store of B. Altman and Company, the Graduate Center shares the Fifth Avenue building with both and the New York Public Library's Science Industry and Business Library and Oxford University Press.[23] The Graduate Center has occupied its current location since 2000, before which it was housed in Aeolian Hall on West 42nd Street across from the New York Public Library Main Branch.[24] Mina Rees Library The Mina Rees Library, named after former Graduate Center president Mina Rees, supports the research, teaching, and learning activities of the Graduate Center by connecting its community with print materials, electronic resources, research assistance and instruction, and expertise about the complexities of scholarly communication. Situated on three floors of the Graduate Center, the library is a hub for discovery, delivery, and digitization, as well as a place for solitary study. The library offers many services, including research consultations, a 24/7 online chat service with reference librarians, and workshops and webinars on using research tools. The library also serves as a gateway to the collections of other CUNY libraries, the New York Public Library (NYPL), and libraries worldwide. It participates in a CUNY-wide book delivery system and offers an interlibrary loan service to bring materials from outside CUNY to Graduate Center scholars. The main branch of NYPL is just a few blocks up Fifth Avenue, and NYPL's Science, Industry and Business Library is just around the corner. Graduate Center students and faculty are NYPL's primary academic constituents, with borrowing privileges from NYPL research collections. NYPL's participation in the Manhattan Research Library Initiative (MaRLI) extends borrowing privileges for CUNY Graduate Center students to NYU and Columbia libraries as well. The Mina Rees Library is a key participant in the Graduate Center's digital initiatives. It supports the digital scholarship of students and faculty, and promotes the understanding, creation, and use of open access literature.[25] Among its special collections is the Activist Women's Voices collection, an oral history project focused on unheralded New York City community-based women activists.[26][27] The Graduate Center houses three performance spaces and two art galleries.[28] The Harold M. Proshansky Auditorium, named for the institution's second president, is located on the concourse level and contains 389 seats.[29] The Baisley Powell Elebash Recital Hall, located on the first floor, seats 180.[30] The Martin E. Segal Theatre, also located on the first floor, seats 70.[31] James Gallery The ground floor of the Graduate Center houses the Amie and Tony James Gallery, also known as the James Gallery, which is overseen by the Graduate Center's Center for the Humanities. The intention of the James Gallery is to bring scholars and artists into dialog with one another, as well as serve as a site for interdisciplinary research.[32] The James Gallery hosts numerous exhibitions annually, and has hosted solo exhibitions by notable American and international artists such as Alison Knowles[33] and Dor Guez.[34] National Program Rankings[35] Biological Sciences 159 Computer Science 82 Earth Sciences 118 Across the institution's PhD programs, 18% of applicants were offered admission to The Graduate Center in Fall 2016.[4] The latest edition of U.S. News & World Report Best Graduate School Ranking ranked The Graduate Center PhD program in English 20th, its Sociology PhD program 28th, and its History doctoral program 34th best in the nation.[36] The GC's PhD program in Criminal Justice was ranked 10th best Criminology graduate program in that category's most recent US News ranking, in 2009.[37] The Graduate Center PhD program in Mathematics was ranked 39th.[36] In the 2016 edition of QS World University Rankings, the Graduate Center's doctoral program in Philosophy was ranked 44th globally, and the 2018 Philosophical Gourmet Report lists the program as 16th in the English-speaking world.[38][39] Faculty members regularly receive prestigious honors and awards. Some recent examples include the Nobel Prize, Pulitzer Prize, the National Humanities Medal, the National Medal of Science, the Schock Prize, the Bancroft Prize, Grammy Awards, the George Jean Nathan Award for Dramatic Criticism, Guggenheim Fellowships, the New York City Mayor's Award for Excellence in Science and Technology, the Presidential Early Career Awards for Scientists and Engineers, and memberships in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences. Many departments are recognized internationally for their level of scholarship.[40][citation needed] Courses in the social sciences, humanities, and mathematics, and courses in the sciences requiring no laboratory work convene at the Graduate Center. Due to the consortial nature of doctoral study at the Graduate Center, courses requiring laboratory work, courses for the clinical doctorates, and courses in business, criminal justice, engineering, and social welfare convene on CUNY college campuses.[citation needed] The CUNY Graduate Center pioneered the CUNY Academic Commons in 2009 to much praise.[41] The CUNY Academic Commons is an online, academic social network for faculty, staff, and graduate students of the City University of New York (CUNY) system. Designed to foster conversation, collaboration, and connections among the 24 individual colleges that make up the university system, the site, founded in 2009, has quickly grown as a hub for the CUNY community, serving in the process to strengthen a growing group of digital scholars, teachers, and open-source projects at the university. The project has received awards and grants from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation,[42] the Sloan Consortium [43] and was the winner of the 2013 Digital Humanities Award.[44] It continues to be in the forefront of scholarly social media. Also affiliated with the institution are four University Center programs: CUNY Baccalaureate for Unique and Interdisciplinary Studies through which undergraduates can earn individualized bachelor's degrees by completing courses at any of the CUNY colleges; the CUNY School of Professional Studies and the associated Joseph S. Murphy Institute for Worker Education and Labor Studies; the CUNY Graduate School of Journalism, which offers a master's degree in journalism; and Macaulay Honors College.[citation needed] The Graduate Center describes itself as "research-intensive,"[45] and is classified by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education to be an R1 or have "highest research activity."[46] The Graduate Center's primary library, named after Mina Rees, is located on campus; however, Graduate Center students also have borrowing privileges at the remaining 31 City University of New York libraries, which collectively house 6.2 million printed works and over 300,000 e-books.[47][48] Beginning in 1968, the Graduate Center maintains a formal collaboration with the New York Public Library that allows faculty and students access to NYPL's extensive research collections, regular library resources, as well as three research study rooms located in the Stephen A. Schwarzman Building.[49][50][51] Further, as of 2011[update] Graduate Center students have access to the libraries of Columbia University and New York University through the NYPL's Manhattan Research Library Initiative.[52] The Graduate Center library also maintains an online repository called CUNY Academic Works, which hosts open-access faculty and student research.[53] Advanced Research Collaborative (ARC) The CUNY Graduate Center's Advanced Research Collaborative (ARC) program conducts research in seven core areas of study:[54] Inequality - Research on the structural foundations of increasing inequality across our society and ways to mobilize communities around various alternatives. Immigration - Interdisciplinary research on the social, cultural, and political impacts of international migration, with special attention on the role of immigration in New York City and comparative studies on how immigration and ethnic diversity are experienced in different nations. Multilingualism - Interdisciplinary research on complex social, cultural, and policy issues raised by multilingualism. Digital Initiatives: Research in a broad range of digital projects and digital resources, including data mining and the digital humanities. Urban Studies: Critical issues facing large cities around the world and the role played therein by public, nonprofit, and business organizations. Initiatives and committees The CUNY Graduate Center does additional work through its initiatives and committees:[55] Futures Initiative Graduate Center Digital Initiatives Initiative for the Theoretical Sciences (ITS) Revolutionizing American Studies Initiative The Committee for the Study of Religion The Committee on Globalization and Social Change The Committee for Interdisciplinary Science Studies Endangered Language Initiative Intellectual Publics With over 30 research institutes and centers the CUNY Graduate Center produces work on a range of social, cultural, scientific and civic issues.[56] Advanced Science Research Center Barry S. Brook Center for Music Research and Documentation Bildner Center for Western Hemisphere Studies Center for Jewish Studies Center for Advanced Study in Education (CASE) Center for Human Environments Center for Latin American, Caribbean, and Latino Studies Center for Place, Culture and Politics Center for the Study of Culture, Technology and Work Center for the Study of Women and Society Center for Urban Education Policy Center for Urban Research Center on Philanthropy and Civil Society CLAGS: The Center for LGBTQ Studies CIDR: CUNY Institute for Demographic Research CUNY Institute for Software Design and Development (CISDD) Gotham Center for New York City History Henri Peyre French Institute Howard Samuels Center Human Ecodynamics Research Center Institute for Language Education in Transcultural Context Institute for Research on the African Diaspora in the Americas & the Caribbean (IRADAC) Latin/Greek Institute Leon Levy Center for Biography Middle East and Middle Eastern American Center (MEMEAC) Martin E. Segal Theatre Center Ralph Bunche Institute for International Studies Research Center for Music Iconography Research Institute for the Study of Language in Urban Society (RISLUS) Saul Kripke Center Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Teaching and Learning Center The James M. and Cathleen D. Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality was launched on September 1, 2016. The Stone Center expanded and replaced the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) Center, which opened its doors at the Graduate Center in 2009. The mission of the Stone Center is to build and disseminate knowledge related to the causes, nature, and consequences of multiple forms of socio-economic inequality. The Center's associated faculty and students share a commitment to scholarship that is quantitative, data-driven, interdisciplinary, and policy-oriented, and that addresses questions that are cross-nationally comparative and/or global in scope.[57] In the Spring 2017 semester, the Advanced Science Research Center, CUNY's premier scientific research institute, formally joined the Graduate Center. The partnership works to catalyze the sciences across CUNY and New York City alike, enhancing graduate education and the potential for scientific discovery. The ASRC houses five initiatives: Nanoscience, Structural Biology, Neuroscience, Environmental Sciences, and Photonics. The ASRC facility is a 200,000-square-foot, state-of-the art building on the southern edge of City College's campus in Upper Manhattan, which promotes a collaborative, interdisciplinary research culture.[58] See also: List of Graduate Center, CUNY faculty The Graduate Center has graduated 15,000 alumni worldwide, including numerous academics, politicians, artists, and entrepreneurs.[59] As of 2016, the Graduate Center counted five MacArthur Foundation Fellows among its alumni, including writer Maggie Nelson as the most recent recipient.[60][61] Among alumni graduated between 2003 and 2018, more than two-thirds are employed at educational institutions and over half have remained within New York City or its metro area.[62] Among the Graduate Center's alumni are leading scholars across numerous disciplines, including art historian and ACT-UP activist Douglas Crimp, political scientist Douglas Hale, anthropologist Faye Ginsburg, sociologist Michael P. Jacobson, historian Maurice Berger, and philosopher Nancy Fraser. The City University of New York has been acknowledged for its exceptional number of faculty and students who have been awarded nationally-recognized prizes in poetry.[63] Among this group include student Gregory Pardlo, winner of the 2015 Pulitzer Prize for Poetry[64] The Graduate Center holds a reputation for attracting established scholars to its faculty.[65] In 2001, the Graduate Center initiated a five-year faculty recruitment campaign to hire additional renowned academics and public intellectuals in order to bolster the institution's faculty roster. Those recruited during the drive include André Aciman, Jean Anyon, Mitchell Duneier, Victor Kolyvagin, Robert Reid-Pharr and Saul Kripke.[66] The Graduate Center utilizes a unique consortium model, which hosts 140 faculty with sole appointments at the Graduate Center, most of whom are senior scholars in their respective disciplines, as well as draws upon 1,800 faculty from across the other CUNY schools to both teach classes and advise graduate students.[4] Notable faculty members include: Writer André Aciman Poet Ammiel Alcalay Sociologist Stanley Aronowitz Political scientist Frances Fox Piven Anthropologist Talal Asad Biophysicist William Bialek Art historian Claire Bishop Musicologist Barry S. Brook Literary historian Mary Ann Caws Composer John Corigliano English professor Cathy Davidson Spanish professor Paul Julian Smith Geographer Ruth Wilson Gilmore Geographer David Harvey Historian Dagmar Herzog Historian James Oakes Historian David Nasaw Art historian David Joselit Physicist Michio Kaku Poet Wayne Koestenbaum Mathematician Victor Kolyvagin Economist Paul Krugman Literary critic Eric Lott Economist Branko Milanović Social psychologist Stanley Milgram Feminist theorist and memoirist Nancy K. Miller Literary critic Robert Reid-Pharr Literary historian and biographer David S. Reynolds Mathematician Dennis Sullivan Computer Scientist Robert Haralick Students at the CUNY Graduate Center have the option of living in Graduate housing, located in East Harlem. The eight story building includes a gym, laundry facilities, lounge and rooftop terrace with views of the Midtown skyline.[67] The Graduate housing was opened in the Fall of 2011 in conjunction with the construction of the Hunter College School of Social Work.[68] The Doctoral Students' Council is the sole policy-making body representing students in doctoral and master's programs at the Graduate Center.[69] There are over forty doctoral student organizations ranging from the Middle Eastern Studies Organization and Africana Studies Group to the Prison Studies Group and the Immigration Working Group.[70] These chartered organizations host conferences, publish online magazines, and create social events aimed at fostering a community for CUNY Graduate Center students. Doctoral students at the Graduate Center also produces a newspaper funded by the DSC and run by a committee of editors from the various doctoral programs. The paper, entitled The GC Advocate, comes out six times per academic year and is free of charge for students, faculty, staff, and visitors.[71] ^ "Search for the President of the Graduate Center" (PDF). The Graduate Center, CUNY. City University of New York. 2014. p. 2. Retrieved April 1, 2018. ^ "Current Year Projected Budget". The Graduate Center, CUNY. City University of New York. 2018. Retrieved April 1, 2018. ^ a b "CUNY Chancellor Matos Rodríguez Names Top-Level Appointments on First Day". CUNY Newswire. Retrieved 2019-05-01. ^ a b c "Institutional Profile". About the Graduate Center. City University of New York. 2016. Retrieved December 6, 2016. ^ Statin, Peter (December 4, 1995). "CUNY, Altman Owners' Deal to House Graduate Center". Crain's New York Business. New York. Retrieved December 19, 2017. ^ "The Graduate Center - Graphic Standards Guidelines" (PDF). The Graduate Center, Cuny. City University of New York. Retrieved November 25, 2016. The CUNY Blue or black are the primary colors for the wordmark. ^ "Carnegie Classifications - Institution Lookup". carnegieclassifications.iu.edu. Retrieved 15 December 2017. ^ "Institutional Profile". www.gc.cuny.edu. Retrieved 15 December 2017. ^ "Prof Dan Robinson". University of Oxford > Faculty of Philosophy > Members > Senior Research Fellows > Robinson Dan. Archived from the original on 3 October 2013. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ Holbrook, M. B. (1 March 2009). "In memoriam -- Barbara B. Stern (Co-Editor of Marketing Theory, 2000--2008)". Marketing Theory. 9: 5–7. doi:10.1177/1470593108104217. ^ Judy Green, Jeanne LaDuke, Saunders Mac Lane, and Uta C. Merzbach (August 1998). "Memorial Articles - Mina Spiegel Rees (1902-1997)" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. American Mathematical Society. pp. 866–873. Retrieved 17 May 2013. CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link) ^ Riddle, Larry. "Mina Rees (August 2, 1902 - October 25, 1997)". Biographies of Women Mathematicians. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ Narvaez, Alfonso A. (14 December 1990). "Harold M. Proshansky Dies at 70; Head of CUNY's Graduate School". The New York Times. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ "Pres. Frances Degen Horowitz". CUNY TV » City University Television. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ "President William P. Kelly". Trustees>>Borough Hearings>>Manhattan. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ "Update from President Kelly". Program in Philosophy Graduate Center, CUNY Commons. 2013-04-15. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ a b "Strategic Plan: 2012–2016" (PDF). CUNY Graduate Center Strategic Plan for 2012–2016. November 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ "Graduate Center President William P. Kelly Appointed as CUNY Interim Chancellor Beginning July 1". The City University of New York. 23 April 2013. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ "Provost Robinson to Lead GC as Interim President". The Graduate Center City University of New York. 1 May 2013. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ "Appointment of Interim President". CUNY Graduate Center. Retrieved 10 Dec 2018. ^ "New Provost Announcement". CUNY Graduate Center. Retrieved 26 April 2016. ^ "Appointment of Interim Provost and Senior Vice President". CUNY Graduate Center. Retrieved 10 December 2018. ^ Thistlethwaite, Polly (June 27, 2013). "NYPL CUNY GC Library". Library News & Events Blog. The Graduate Center, CUNY. Retrieved March 11, 2018. ^ "Crystal Report - Financial Year 2011" (PDF). City University of New York. City University of New York. Retrieved March 11, 2018. ^ "GC Library Open Access Statement". Archived from the original on 1 July 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2013. ^ "Research Projects: The Activist Women's Voices Oral History Project and Archive". CUNY Graduate Center. Retrieved 26 September 2015. ^ Armitage, Sue (2011). "The Stages of Women's Oral History". In Ritchie, Donald A. (ed.). The Oxford Handbook of Oral History. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 180–181. ISBN 978-0-195-33955-0. OCLC 827753920. Retrieved 26 September 2015. ^ "Event Planning". About the GC > Resources & Services > Facilities Services & Campus Planning. CUNY Graduate Center. Archived from the original on 23 January 2013. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ "Proshansky Auditorium". About the GC > Building Venues & Particulars. Archived from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ "Elebash Recital Hall". About the GC > Building Venues & Particulars. Archived from the original on 18 May 2013. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ "Segal Theatre". About the GC > Building Venues & Particulars. Archived from the original on 21 May 2013. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ "About the gallery". The Center for the Humanities at the Graduate Center, CUNY. The City University of New York. Retrieved May 18, 2017. ^ "The House of Dust by Alison Knowles". The Center for the Humanities at the Graduate Center, CUNY. The City University of New York. September 7, 2016. Retrieved May 18, 2017. ^ "Christian Palestinian Archive: A Project by Dor Guez". The Center for the Humanities at the Graduate Center, CUNY. The City University of New York. April 8, 2017. Retrieved May 18, 2017. ^ "CUNY--Graduate Center – U.S. News Best Grad School Rankings". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved February 25, 2019. ^ a b https://www.usnews.com/best-graduate-schools/top-humanities-schools/cuny-graduate-school-and-university-center-190576 US News and World Report CUNY--Graduate Center ^ "Best Criminology Programs - Top Criminology Schools - US News Best Graduate Schools". 2 October 2016. Archived from the original on 2 October 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2017. ^ "QS World University Rankings by Subject 2016 - Philosophy". 17 March 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2017. ^ "Overall Rankings – The Philosophical Gourmet Report". 34.239.13.205. Archived from the original on 2018-04-15. Retrieved 2018-06-20. ^ "Bloomberg". Bloomberg.com. Archived from the original on 23 April 2016. Retrieved 15 December 2017. ^ "Commons Buzz". Academic Commons News. 2010-12-26. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ Gold, Matthew K. (22 November 2011). "The CUNY Academic Commons Announces The Commons in a Box Project". Academic Commons News. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ Janet C. Moore; Eileen Pacheco (9 July 2012). "Sloan-C Honors Effective Practices in Online and Blended Education". Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ "DH Awards 2013 Results - Digital Humanities Awards". dhawards.org. Retrieved 15 December 2017. ^ "Prospective Students". The Graduate Center, CUNY. City University of New York. 2018. ^ "CUNY Graduate School and University Center". The Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. Indiana University School of Education. 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2018. ^ "Collections - Library Collections & Collaborations". Graduate Center, CUNY Library. City University of New York. 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2018. ^ "About". Libraries. City University of New York. 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2018. ^ Polly Thistlethwaite (June 27, 2013). "NYPL CUNY GC Library". The Graduate Center Library, News & Events. CUNY Academic Commons. Retrieved July 5, 2018. ^ "About the GC Library - Vision and Mission". Graduate Center, CUNY Library. City University of New York. 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2018. ^ "New York Public Library + Graduate Center Library". Graduate Center, CUNY Library. City University of New York. 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2018. ^ "MaRLI (Manhattan Research Library Initiative)". Graduate Center, CUNY Library. City University of New York. 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2018. ^ "About CUNY Academic Works". CUNY Academic Works. City University of New York. 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2018. ^ "Advanced Research Collaborative". www.gc.cuny.edu. Retrieved 15 December 2017. ^ "Initiatives & Committees". www.gc.cuny.edu. Retrieved 15 December 2017. ^ "Centers & Institutes". www.gc.cuny.edu. Retrieved 15 December 2017. ^ "Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality". Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality. ^ "Spring 2017 Announcements from President Robinson". Retrieved 8 March 2018. ^ "Alumni". The Graduate Center, CUNY. The City University of New York. Retrieved March 13, 2019. ^ "CUNY Alumni Ranked In Top Ten for MacArthur Foundation "Genius Grants"" (Press release). The City University of New York. September 1, 2015. Retrieved 2019-03-13. ^ "Maggie Nelson Ph.D. '04 (English) Awarded MacArthur Foundation 'Genius' Grant" (Press release). The City University of New York. September 22, 2016. Retrieved 2019-03-13. ^ "Doctoral Employment Outcomes - Overview for 2003-2018 Graduates". The Graduate Center, Office of Institutional Research & Effectiveness. Tableau Software. Jan 30, 2019. Retrieved 2019-03-13. ^ Harris, Elizabeth A. (June 2, 2017). "How CUNY Became Poetry U." The New York Times. Retrieved 2019-03-13. ^ Altra, Alexandra (April 22, 2015). "Gregory Pardlo, Pulitzer Winner for Poetry, on His Sudden Fame". The New York Times. Retrieved 2019-03-13. ^ Arenson, Karen W. (April 5, 2000). "Graduate Center Adds Life to a CUNY Institution". The New York Times. Retrieved 2019-03-13. ^ "Press Release: Faculty Recruitment Campaign Nets Intellectual Capital for Graduate Center". Graduate Center, CUNY - News. The City University of New York. February 1, 2004. Retrieved May 18, 2017. ^ "Housing FAQs". Prospective & Current Students > Student Life > Housing. CUNY Graduate Center. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ "Housing". Prospective & Current Students > Student Life > Housing. CUNY Graduate Center. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ DSC Site: http://cunydsc.org/about/ ^ "List of Chartered Organizations". The CUNY Doctoral Students' Council. Archived from the original on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 17 May 2013. ^ "The Advocate - A Publicatio of the Doctoral Student's Council at the Graduate Center, CUNY". Gcadvocate.com. Retrieved July 5, 2018. Anderson, Michael (2011). Fifty Years at the Center: A History of The Graduate School and University Center of the City University of New York from 1961 to 2011 (PDF). New York: The Graduate Center. Units of the City University of New York Two-year (Community Colleges) Borough of Manhattan Guttman Hostos Four-year (Senior Colleges) City Tech Macaulay Medgar Evers Graduate and Professional Programs Graduate Center Labor and Urban Studies CUNY Radio WSIA WHCR WKRB CUNY TV NKC: ko2004233475 Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Graduate_Center,_CUNY&oldid=902277356" Colleges of the City University of New York Universities and colleges in New York (state) Universities and colleges in Manhattan University art museums and galleries in New York City Wikipedia articles with BNE identifiers Wikipedia articles with NKC identifiers Wikipedia articles with NLA identifiers This content was retrieved from Wikipedia : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graduate_Center This page is based on the copyrighted Wikipedia article "Graduate Center, CUNY"; it is used under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License (CC-BY-SA). 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__label__cc	0.665476	0.334524	Corianna Moffatt Impossible Questions Tour Guerrilla Jazz Project Annie Calhoun ANNIE CALHOUN was born in North Carolina. Despite living in New York City for more than 40 years, she still considers herself a Southerner by nature and by heart. She raised her children in the Bronx, where she still lives today. Her house was always full of the neighborhood kids, their games and their music. She is an active community member who works with the elderly and connects with other groups of need through her church. Her son, drummer Will Calhoun, sat in on the interview and composed a piece in her honor, which Blitz played in a pop-up concert at the Longwood Laundromat on Friday, March 27th at 7pm, 2015. on her early days in North carolina... on her mother's music... Annie and her son, Will. If you become stationary - you’re lost. Don’t feel that this is the end of life. There is something else out there and you have to reach for it. It’s reaching out, that is what it is. I learned so much about being with people. There is something good in everybody. You can’t believe that everybody is bad - that’s you. That’s YOU that you have to believe in. I don’t think we should become stagnated. That’s the worse thing in the world that people can do for themselves. It’s a part of death. Enjoy yourself - and that’s what I do! They tell me “Mama, you are too old.” And I say, “I’m breathing - I’m going!” As long as I can breathe I’m free. — Annie Calhoun, 11/15/2014 "they took care of us." How the North Carolina community took care of Annie and her family during hard times. Much like her mother's home, Annie's house became a community hub as her kids grew up. Kids and teens and would spend their afternoons in Annie's basement playing music and hanging out. The Old Rugged Cross was one of Annie's mother's favorites. She would conduct a capella performances of it at her house for the neighboring children. So I’ll cherish the old rugged cross, Till my trophies at last I lay down; I will cling to the old rugged cross, And exchange it someday for a crown. — The Old Rugged Cross by George Bennard (1913) CONTACT: impossiblequestionstour@gmail.com	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1856
__label__wiki	0.576796	0.576796	Two Free Seminars By 800-CEO-READ, published February 17, 2006, at 4:11 PM in News & Opinion Just wanted to point you toward two free seminars that are coming up. The first is will Jill Konrath, author of Selling to Big Companies. Jack reviewed the book in last month. Happy Valentine's Day - A Free Gift For You I know there is a love/hate thing with Valentine's Day. I can't even begin to deal with that here, but we wanted to give away a little something to all of our readers to show how much we love you. Starting today, the Nine Lives of Leadership ebook will be available for free. Quote -- Leadership While I'm still checking out the latest issue of 1-to-1 magazine, here's a quote from Patrick Lencioni, author of several books including the newly published Silos, Politics, And Turf Wars on leadership: As a leader, you're probably not doing a good job unless your employees can do a good impression of you when you're not around. Prepared Mind - 50% off and free shipping today By 800-CEO-READ, published February 9, 2006, at 5:24 PM in News & Opinion Yesterday, we were giving away free copies of The Prepared Mind of a Leader over on inBubbleWrap. Today, we are giving everyone a chance to buy the book for 50% off and get free shipping with your order. Everyone who won or purchased the book will be invited to a teleconference with the authors to kick off The Prepared Mind World Tour. Harvard Business Review's 2006 Reading List In the February issue, Harvard Business Review has their 2006 Reading List. The Elephant In The Room: Silence and Denial in Everyday Life by Eviatar Zerubavel (Oxford University Press, March) Working With Your Is Killing Me: Freeing Yourself From Emotional Traps In Work by Katherine Crowley and Kathi Elster (Warner Business Books, March) Family Capitalism: Wendels, Haniels, Falcks, and the Continental European Model by Harold James (Harvard University Press, March) Silos, Politics, and Turf Wars: A Leadership Fable by Patrick Lencioni (Jossey-Bass, March) The New Argonauts: Regional Advantage in a Global Economy by AnnaLee Saxenian (Harvard University Press, April) Questions of Character: Illuminating the Heart of Leadership Through Literature by Joseph Badaracco (Harvard Business School Press, April) Guanxi (The Art of Relationships): Microsoft , China, and Bill Gates' Plan to Win the Road Ahead by Robert Buderi and Gregory Huang (Simon and Schuster, May) Leading Through Conflict: How Successful Leaders Transform Difference into Opportunities by Mark Gerzon (Harvard Business School Press, May) The Managerial Moment of Truth: The Essential Step in Helping People Improve Performance by Bruce Bodaken and Robert Fritz (Free Press, May) Treasure Hunt by Michael Silverstein and John Butman (Portfolio, May) Appreciative Intelligence: Seeing the Mighty Oak in the Acorn by Tojo Thatchenkery and Carol Metzker (Berrett-Koehler, May) The G-Quotient: How Gay Men Are Changing the Face of Leadership by Kirk Snyder (Jossey-Bass, June) Untapped: Creating Value in Underserved Markets by John Weiser et al. (Berrett-Koehler, June) Shopportunity! Launching The Prepared Mind World Tour By 800-CEO-READ, published February 6, 2006, at 10:41 PM in News & Opinion I want to introduce you to a book today. It is called The Prepared Mind of a Leader and it is written by Bill Welter and Jean Egmon. We at 800ceeoread like this book alot and will be doing a numbers of things to feature it over the next four months. Books To Watch For - Spring '06 By 800-CEO-READ, published January 30, 2006, at 8:58 PM in News & Opinion We did this last fall and thought you might enjoy another look at the season ahead. So, here are the books we think you should be watching for in the first part of 2006. The Number by Lee Eisenberg (1/06, Free Press) - If you have walked into any Barnes & Noble since New Year's it would have been impossible to miss this book. 100-Mile Walk Resources There is quite a list of resources at the end of The 100-Mile Walk. There is an extensive list on leadership and a great list on zen practice. The list is pretty long, so I am going to put it in the extended entry. Leadership Books Reviewed in WSJ On Friday, Daniel Akst wrote a business book review for the Wall Street Journal. It was titled "O Captain, My Captain" and looked at three titles: The Servant Leader, The 360° Leader, and Executive Intelligence. It is rare that WSJ will review business books. Bookscan's Best Selling Books of 2005 By 800-CEO-READ, published January 9, 2006, at 4:41 PM in News & Opinion Neilsen Bookscan released their list of the 200 best selling books of 2005. Bookscan takes data from about 4500 retailers around the country. When we talk with publishers, they are watching closely what happens there. Strategy+Business' Best Business Books of 2005 By 800-CEO-READ, published December 30, 2005, at 2:23 PM in News & Opinion Strategy+Business publishes a great business book list every year. You can look back at the 2003 and 2004 lists to see what I am talking about. I am going to give you rundown on categories and the books in each. Baltimore Ravens and Jim Collins By Jack, published December 6, 2005, at 4:50 PM in News & Opinion John Feinstein, one of the best sports writers, has written a new book on the NFL called Next Man Up. He follows the Baltimore Ravens from the end on the 2003 season thru the 2004 season. It is a great view inside the locker room and the General Managers' office. « First ‹ Prev … 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 Next › Last »	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1858
__label__cc	0.632901	0.367099	THE SANCTUARY AND THE DOMINION Those who have deeply studied the Bible know that the living descendants of Yahweh's people Israel are today those nations, which are commonly known as the Anglo Saxon group. This includes the British, Germans, Scandinavians, Dutch and their descendants in the United States and the various colonies of these nations. Knowing this fact enables us to explain and understand their history as the fulfillment of Bible prophecies concerning Israel. It also enables us to foretell their future by applying those few Bible prophecies concerning Israel, which have not yet been fulfilled. Every event in our history, for 3,000 years, has demonstrated its faithful adherence to Yahweh's prophesied plan. Each event for its own purpose, which also required each event to come at its appointed time. If we lose sight of time, we misunderstand the purpose. When the people of Israel entered the promised land of Palestine, they were 12 tribes organized into one nation, just like the United States of 50 states. Even from early times there were internal jealousies, which foretold the coming division into two nations. David was king over Judah for several years before he became king over all Israel. On the death of King Solomon in 975 B.C., the nation was broken in two, and the ten northern tribes became a separate kingdom with their capital city at Samaria, keeping the name Israel. The two southern tribes of Judah and Benjamin kept the old capital city of Jerusalem and took the name Judah for their kingdom. The great turning points of our history are no mere accidents, Yahweh said of this division in I Kings 12:24, "This thing is of Me" Israel left Egypt and entered Palestine as one nation. Yet Yahweh's purpose in the later division was already predestined. Psalm 114:1-2 tells us, "When Israel went out of Egypt, the house of Jacob from a people of a strange language, Judah was His sanctuary and Israel His dominion." There were two purposes to be served, each by a separate nation. Through Yahshua, Yahweh reached down toward man to bring salvation, redemption and a good life under Yahweh's own rule. To complete the contract and receive these gifts, man reached up toward Yahweh through Yahweh's chosen people Israel. What is lost too often is the fact that Yahweh's purpose toward man involves more than just the religious phase, necessary though that is. For what purpose are we saved? It is to live in the kingdom of Yahweh, that same kingdom of Yahweh which Yahshua preached throughout His entire career. The end of Yahweh's purpose is social, economic, and governmental, to which the other is but the means. Hence, we must recognize both the religious and the governmental purposes. Yahshua came the first time as our high priest, to offer on our behalf the sacrifice of His own blood for our sins. He will come again as King of Kings to rule a worldwide empire from the throne of His own kingdom. A priest functions only at the altar, a king only from the throne. Hence, there must be provided for Him the altar of sacrifice at His first coming and the throne at His second coming, note how Yahweh fulfilled this. Psalm 114 tells us that Judah was His sanctuary and Israel His dominion. This was predestined from the time they left Egypt, five centuries before the nation was divided and 15 centuries before the crucifixion of Yahshua. After the division into the two nations in 975 B.C., the 10 tribed northern kingdom of Israel had no need to remain any longer in Palestine. Its destiny was to furnish the dominion, the kingdom of Yahweh, to be ruled by Yahshua when He shall come the second time, the tiny land of Palestine can never furnish this. It would scarcely provide standing room for the multitudes, which Israel would become, according to Yahweh's promises in the Bible. It lacked the enormous resources promised to Israel, which were needed to produce the mighty power of the predestined kingdom. Accordingly, they were removed from their old Palestinian land by the Assyrian captivity. This seemed harsh at the time, yet it was necessary for they would not have left their old home voluntarily. After about 715 B.C., they were out of Palestine, embarked on the long migration, which would take them many centuries later, into their northern and western European homelands. From there they would spread into the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. In these new homes they developed such an advanced civilization, such wealth and power as were never known in all of the history of the world. This also was in fulfillment of Yahweh's prophecies for Israel. While they remained frankly and boldly Christian, these nations ruled half of the world. It was only after we allowed those who hate Yahshua to immigrate, to infiltrate our institutions, to influence and corrupt our leaders, that we have been put on the defensive and driven out of our colonial possessions. We must remember that it is Yahshua's dominion that we hold; we can keep it only as long as we hold it for Him. In these, the Israel nations, we find the dominion just as Psalm 114 prophesied. They had no part in the first coming of Yahshua, as the sanctuary for the high priest was not in their destiny. What of the other, the southern two tribed kingdom of Judah? Originally, the throne had been in Judah, but out of the tribe of Judah was taken David and his family to be the kings. The throne was forever given to David and his descendants. The dominion was not in the destiny of the kingdom of Judah so the Davidic king ceased in Judah at the time of the Babylonian captivity. It was transferred to Ireland, where the two king lines of Pharez and Zarah were united. From here it can be traced to the British royal family of today thus the throne, the dominion, has remained in Israel. However the sanctuary, the temple, remained in the southern kingdom of Judah. True, it was infiltrated and corrupted with alien priests and alien doctrines after the return from Babylon. Yet, it was still His sanctuary, even though occupied by usurpers, just as the kingdom is still His, even though usurpers have wrongfully occupied His land. Since only the sanctuary was to be there, we find no majestic dominion in Judah. In its very origin, it was reduced to only two out of the twelve tribes; it shrank in importance, becoming a vassal alternately to Egypt and Babylonia. After the Babylonian captivity it was vassal to Persia, Syria and finally the provinces of Rome. Here was the sanctuary and to it came Yahshua. Here He offered Himself in sacrifice and entered into the holy of holies with His own blood as the offering for our sins. This completed the work of the sanctuary, the separate destiny of Judah and 40 years thereafter Judah ceased to exist as a nation separate from Israel. Yahshua preached only the gospel of the kingdom of Yahweh, not the gospel of personal salvation. The prophets before Him had foretold His life, crucifixion, resurrection and the salvation of men and the redemption of Israel, which He accomplished thereby. Why repeat it? As Yahshua said, "If they will not hear Moses and the prophets, neither will they believe though one rose from the dead". Therefore He did not preach the part of His mission that was finished. It was time to preach the kingdom of Yahweh, to inspire His people Israel to work out their destiny in preparing for Him the kingdom, the dominion, for His second coming. When He came the first time, the priests ignored the 114th Psalm and would not accept Him as Savior, as the great high priest, they would only accept Him as king or not at all. Today, nearly all churches make a similar mistake, they still ignore the 114th Psalm, they refuse to see we are Israel and our destiny is to furnish the dominion, not the sanctuary. They preach only a Savior, not a king; they offer Yahshua only the cross, not the crown. Yahweh's destiny was not to be frustrated, the Israel nation of Judah leads to Yahshua's first coming, the history of Israel leads to His second coming. The throne is as literal as the cross. He was given His sanctuary, now we must give Him His dominion.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1860
__label__wiki	0.56692	0.56692	Home Register Log In Shopping Cart Home > Reviews Displaying 9311 to 9320 (of 14986 review) Total 14986 Records 932/1499 [prev] [next] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 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__label__cc	0.687122	0.312878	Needs of Women with Osteoporosis in Disease Self-Management: A Qualitative Study Arezoo Fallahi 1 , * , Sina Valiee 2 and Sally Wai-Chi Chan 3 1 Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran 2 Clinical Care Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran 3 Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia * Corresponding Author: Assistant Professor, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Pasdaran Blvd., P.O. Box: 66177-13446, Sanandaj, Iran. Tel: +98-9183737591, Fax: +98-8733625131, Email: arezofalahi91@gmail.com Health Scope: 8 (2); e57234 Published Online: May 6, 2019 Revised: May 20, 2018 DOI: 10.5812/jhealthscope.57234 To Cite: Fallahi A, Valiee S, Chan S W. Needs of Women with Osteoporosis in Disease Self-Management: A Qualitative Study, Health Scope. Online ahead of Print ; 8(2):e57234. doi: 10.5812/jhealthscope.57234. Background: Osteoporosis is a major chronic health condition that affects women more than men. A few qualitative studies have been conducted to investigate what women with osteoporosis need to manage their disease. Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the needs of women with osteoporosis in disease self-management. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted at the osteoporosis screening units of three private and governmental centers in Sanandaj, the West of Iran. A purposive sample was recruited from among all eligible women who attended the osteoporosis screening units from November 2015 to June 2016. The inclusion criteria were osteoporosis diagnosis by the woman’s attending physician for at least six months and prescribed osteoporosis medication. The exclusion criterion was a T-score of above -2.5. Data were collected by individual semi-structured interviews, focus group discussion, and drawings. The data were analyzed by conventional content analysis. To confirm the accuracy and strength of the data, credibility, confirmability, and transferability components were taken into account. Results: Four themes emerged from the data analysis, including “social support”, “cultural-economic factors”, “improved implementation of health education”, and “having a normal living”. Conclusions: The results of the study showed that women with osteoporosis are in need of engagement and active participation of primary care physicians, regular review of patient’s care plan, planned care visits, improving the quality of care and patient outcomes, patient education and self-management education, the cooperation of the public media and relevant organizations, and emotional and informational support to improve their osteoporosis self-management. Keywords: Osteoporosis; Women; Self-Management; Qualitative Research. Copyright © 2019, Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits copy and redistribute the material just in noncommercial usages, provided the original work is properly cited. Osteoporosis is a major health concern. This disease involves a reduction in bone mineral density and fractures with minimal or no previous trauma (1, 2). In Iran, it is estimated that about 22% of women and 11% of men are suffering from osteoporosis (3). About 400000 fractures occur each year in Iran, the majority of which are osteoporotic fractures (4). Osteoporotic fractures can lead to poor quality of life (2, 5), dependence on others, disability (6, 7), morbidity, and mortality (2). Osteoporosis is a chronic disease. Despite recent advances in its pharmacological treatment, the disease is incurable (8). However, effective self-management can enhance bone health and prevent deterioration (9). Gruman and Von Korff (10) express that self-management is “the individual engages in activities that protect and promote health, monitors and manages symptoms and signs of illness, manages the impacts of illness on functioning, emotions, and interpersonal relationships and adheres to treatment regimens”. Therefore, it is important to motivate people with osteoporosis to self-manage their illness (11). The prevalence of osteoporosis is higher in women than in men (1), especially among postmenopausal women. Thus, it is important to empower women in osteoporosis self-management (2). Osteoporosis self-management behaviors involve physical activity, healthy diet, adherence to medication treatment, and prevention of falls (2). Good self-management can prevent disability related to the disease, thus improving women’s quality of life (12). However, the literature indicates that many women with osteoporosis are not engaged in disease self-management, such as exercise, diet, and medication regimen (1, 13). Health behaviors are affected by complex factors including psychological, cultural, and environmental factors (2, 14). For instance, osteoporosis preventive behaviors are influenced by a misconception about the disease (such as the disease is as a natural phenomenon of aging) (2, 15). Cultural factors (such as patients’ unwillingness to express their pain) can also affect disease self-management practices (2, 16). Thus, there is a pressing need to understand the needs of women that affect preventive behaviors (1, 17). Previous studies revealed that cultural, economic, and physiological factors are effective in osteoporosis prevention (2, 6). However, these studies did not specifically focus on women’s needs in osteoporosis self-management. This study was conducted to fill the knowledge gap based on a qualitative method. Qualitative research can provide a rich, detailed picture and valuable data about patients’ perspectives and experience of disease (18). The aim of the present study was to describe the needs of women with osteoporosis in disease self-management. This qualitative study was conducted at osteoporosis screening units of three private and governmental centers in Sanandaj, the West of Iran. A purposive sample was recruited from among all women attending the osteoporosis screening units from November 2015 to June 2016 and meeting the inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were the osteoporosis diagnosis by the woman’s attending physician for at least six months and prescribed osteoporosis medication. The exclusion criterion was a T-score of above -2.5. Accordingly, we recorded the name and mobile number of 15 eligible women who were willing to participate in the study and signed an informed consent form. They were contacted by the first author to arrange an interview time. After the interview, a small gift (300000 Rials) was given to the participant as gratitude for participation in the study. All 15 women completed the interviews. They attended osteoporosis screening units at three private and governmental centers in three different regions of Sanandaj city. We tried to recruit a heterogeneous sample with the highest variation in age, disease duration, T-score, and family income. Data were collected by focus group interviews, individual face-to-face interviews, and drawing. The use of different data collection methods allowed for in-depth understanding and clarifying the perspectives of women with osteoporosis (6). The focus group interviews were used to generate information on common views and obtain a rich understanding of participants’ experiences (19). The face-to-face interviews were used for those who could not attend the focus group (20). An interview guide was developed to facilitate the focus group and individual interviews. Examples of questions are: “please describe your experience about osteoporosis disease” and “what are the challenges that you face with in disease self-management”? The participants were encouraged to elaborate on their experiences, needs, and challenges in osteoporosis self-management. In total, two focus group interviews (four participants per group) and seven face-to-face interviews were conducted. The first author facilitated these interviews. She was trained to perform deep interviews with some scientific publications based on the qualitative approach. All interviews were conducted in a private room at the osteoporosis screening units or the informant’s homes according to their preference. Drawing is a useful method when an individual is not able to reveal his emotion verbally (21). Drawing could provide rich data on women’s needs for managing their illness compared to interviews alone. It has been used as a data collection method in research related to heart disease (22) and cancer (23) to identify patients’ perspectives of their illness. At the end of each interview, the participants drew a picture indicating their needs for managing their illness. Drawing as a primary visual language, essential for communication and expression, is as important as written and verbal skills. Drawing definitely enhances the understanding of the world around a phenomenon, explain details, and give more information about real experiences in life (21). After drawing, all participants were asked to describe their drawings and feelings of them. The interviews were tape-recorded. The individual and group interviews lasted about 30 and 45 minutes, respectively. Data collection stopped when data saturation reached, that is, no new information emerged (24). All interviews were transcribed verbatim, voice-recorded, and analyzed simultaneously by three coders. Conventional content analysis was used to analyze the interviews in the original language, as well as the described drawings (25). The steps of data analysis were as follows: transcribing interviews and reading them several times, coding the participants’ remarks, classifying the codes and comparing them based on their similarities and differences, providing subcategories and subthemes, and finally describing the participants’ views on each theme (25). NVivo version 9 was used to manage the data. To ensure the credibility and trustworthiness of the findings, a mixed method of data collection was used at different times and places. Moreover, the findings were analyzed by two research team members and they were returned to the participants for member check. The codes were read for informants and they validated the codes. To obtain the confirmability of data, three coders in the research team analyzed the data independently, compared their findings, and discussed them in case of any disagreement until reaching a consensus. For peer checking, three faculty members reviewed the analysis report and confirmed the findings. The dependability of the findings was ensured by early transcribing and precise recording of the work procedures. The maximum variation in age, T-score, family income, and education level of the participants guaranteed that the findings were applicable to other contexts (transferability) (26). Ethical approval was obtained from the Vice-Chancellor for Research and Technology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. The participants were informed about the aim of the study, voluntary participation, their right to withdraw at any time, and the anonymity of their identities in reports and publication of the study. Written informed consent was obtained from the participants. The patients allowed researchers to record their voice. The mean age, duration of illness, and T-score of 15 women with osteoporosis participating in the study were 63.13 years, 21 months, and 2.66, respectively. The analysis of participants’ experiences revealed 703 primary codes, which were categorized into 94 codes after mixing them in terms of similarity and adaptability, eight subthemes, and four main themes. The four themes emerged from data analysis included “social support”, “cultural-economic factors”, “improved implementation of health education”, and “having a normal living”. In the following, we explain the themes supported by the verbatim translated from Kurdish to English. The participants’ drawings were used to support the themes, as well. An overview of the themes and subthemes is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. The needs of women with osteoporosis in managing their illness 4.1. Social Support This theme involved two subthemes including “family support” and “physician support”. 4.1.1. Family Support Family support was regarded by the participants as the most significant motivating factor for disease management. Participants generally indicated that encouragement from family members, especially their husbands, could motivate them to engage in self-management behaviors, such as taking medication. The participants spoke of stopping treatment because of the family’s pressure. For example, their families insisted that they should not take medications because of side effects. Women reported that they needed their spouse’s help in housework and encouragement to attend follow-up appointments. One woman stated: “I am very happy, I am satisfied with the support from my family, they comforted me when I had bone pain and felt sick” (a 60-year-old woman). Another woman mentioned: “I truly love him, my husband, he asks me to exercise and take my medications” (a 71-year-old woman). Figure 2 shows one participant’ drawing that indicates she was happy and relax with a reduced curvature when her family was supporting her in treatment and self-care. Figure 2. The participant is happy when her family supported her 4.1.2. Physician Support The participants expressed that the doctor-patient relationship is a crucial factor affecting disease self-management. Women explained the aspects of a good relationship such as adequate time devoted to patient’s examination, physician’s empathy with their condition, providing feedback to them during follow-up appointments, listening to their complaints, and respecting the patients’ privacy. One participant said, “If people perceived that their physician really listened to them, they would feel that the physicians had their best interests in heart and patients would more likely to follow treatment advice” (a 75-year-old woman). One woman stated: “my doctor behaves me with the greatest kindness, I listen to her advice” (a 65-year-old woman). Figure 3 shows a drawing of a patient showing anger because the physician is not communicating. Figure 3. Inappropriate communication between the doctor and patients 4.2. Cultural-Economic Factors This theme consisted of the following subthemes: “lifestyle” and “financial problems”. 4.2.1. Lifestyle One of the participant’s concerns was their lifestyle. They addressed lifestyle to prevent and better manage their illness. The participants asserted that having a healthy lifestyle is important because it helps a person to control weight, boost energy, improve his mood, combat his disease, and live long, which leads to a better physique and boosts self-esteem and confidence. “here (Iran) is different from other countries because, here, there is no open place in which people, especially women, could expose themselves to the sun; it is a major barrier to making vitamin D”, a 60-year-old woman said. Another participant stated, “the trend of apartment life is increasing and more people are living in apartments who do not receive enough sunlight” (a 65-year-old woman). 4.2.2. Financial Problems Many participants reported that they had financial problems for buying medications, supplements, and vitamins. To decrease medication costs, they had an urgent need for health insurance coverage. A woman said: “I think one of the main reasons for not following the treatment regimen is financial problems” (a 56-year-old woman). Another one stated: “the cost of medications and clinical follow-up is very high. I cannot afford it” (a 54-year-old woman). Women preferred healthcare insurance to cover the costs of disease prevention activities. They called for other financial resources to help them. Figure 4 shows that a woman is sad because of financial problems while she suffers kyphosis. Figure 4. The patient is sad because of financial problems 4.3. Improved Implementation of Health Education The subthemes of this main theme were: “developing the plan of urban family physician” and “health informatics”. 4.3.1. Developing the Plan of Urban Family Physician The participants mentioned the importance of family physicians in healthcare systems. They emphasized that family physicians can be helpful for early referral to specialists, early intervention, and fear of disease reduction. At present, in Iran, family physicians are working in rural areas but the participants regarded that family physicians should also be available in metropolitan cities. One woman said: “We need family physicians in cities as they know people’s health history and could contribute to early detection and care of patients with osteoporosis” (a 59-year-old woman). Another one stated “family physicians improve the quality, effectiveness, and equity, and reduce the costs in healthcare systems … we need educations delivered by them” (a 51-year-old woman). The participants stated that patients that refer to emergency units can be treated by general practitioners (family physicians). Moreover, they said that the family physician program should be considered a major policy to meet the needs of women with osteoporosis (such as educational needs). 4.3.2. Health Informatics Patients expressed the need for getting information about the disease from health care centers, schools, social security organization, and media such as the radio and television. Some patients reported that they trusted the media. If the media promoted health behaviors, people would generally listen and adhere to health behaviors. In Iran, women who are aged 50 or above usually spend most of their time at home listening to the radio and watching the television in their language (e.g. Kurdish). Women would accept and understand educational programs delivered by the radio and television. They would like to receive health education through media. One woman said: “the media can provide educational programs to promote health. They would help prevent diseases” (a 69-year-old woman). “showing image and videos of bones could be useful to help patients understand the disease process” (a 65-year-old woman). She mentioned that the local and international media play a vital role as a link between the health team and the larger public. A participant drew an educational television program (Figure 5). She said that the mass media, in the form of the radio and television, are effective to persuade target audiences to adopt new behaviors or remind them critical information. Figure 5. The women’s need for educational programs to prevent the disease 4.4. Having a Normal Living The two subthemes of this theme were “improving physical and mental well-being” and “improving living conditions”. 4.4.1. Improving Physical and Mental Well-Being Patients would like to improve their mental well-being so that they would promote their physical health and have a normal life. They hoped to be able to enjoy their lives and be happy like before. They needed to increase their motivation, self-efficacy, and self-satisfaction. A woman described her thought “I suffered emotional problems and depression… I need to relax a bit more” (a 52-year-old woman). Another woman said, “My bones ache and I have no energy and cannot enjoy anything…” (a 55-year-old woman). 4.4.2. Improving Living Conditions The participants mentioned subjective needs for disease self-management to help them feel normal again. To maintain health and get back to normal living, the participants needed to engage in social activities, productive activities, hobbies, and so on. A woman said: “I hope I could engage in social activity and physical activity like before my diagnosis” (a 52-year-old woman). A participant drew a figure of normal living, which showed the feeling of happiness and physical activities (Figure 6). Figure 6. Normal living This study used a qualitative approach to illuminate the needs of women with osteoporosis in managing their illness. The findings can be useful to plan appropriate interventions to promote disease self-management in women with osteoporosis. The participants in this study needed social support to improve treatment adherence, physical activity, and healthy diet. Support from family, especially husbands, and doctors has a significant impact on disease self-management (11, 27). On the other hand, a poor functional social network negatively affects the general health, health-promoting behaviors, and care assessment. This is while good social support is significantly associated with the well-being of patients (28). When individuals are exposed to stressful events such as diseases, they elicit strong emotional reactions and feelings of loneliness. Social support can decrease stress and maintain good physical and mental health. Social support involves emotional support, information support, instrumental support, and financial support, which may enhance knowledge, skills, and motivation to enhance health-promoting behaviors (29). Women might also feel psychologically being supported to engage in health-promoting behaviors. In this study, the woman’s family, the husband in particular, and her doctor were important persons to offer social support. It was evident that women are willing to apply the health advice they receive through their family, but often are not exposed to information to do so. Healthcare professionals could offer social support to patients based on their needs. Listening and conveying empathy are essential skills for healthcare professionals to build trust with their patients. When trust is built, patients will tend to follow treatment advice and have better treatment outcomes. Women’s family members need to be involved in making a treatment decision and supporting women’s self-management behaviors. Thus, educational programs for women with osteoporosis should involve family, especially husbands, to enable them to understand the disease process and the ways to support women. This study found that women generally have trust in the information provided by the media such as the radio and television. Media could play an important role in health education and disease self-management. The media can affect the levels of public health, the learning of correct health information, the changing of health attitudes and values, and the foundation of appropriate health behaviors. In Iran, a few health education programs are provided through the media. There was none related to osteoporosis. Television programs about the disease process of osteoporosis, causes, treatment, diagnosis, and prevention could help women understand their disease and increase their self-confidence in engaging in health-promoting behaviors such as exercise and diet. Health professionals such as doctors, nurses, health educators, and dietitians could provide input to design such educational programs. Such programs may also enhance people’s awareness of osteoporosis including women’s families. It may help women’s family members to support them in their treatment process and disease self-management. The women in the study pointed to the importance of cultural factors (such as the level of education and beliefs) in managing their illness. Yet straight, cultural factors are not barriers to disease self-management (1, 2). Cultural barriers need to be addressed. Outdoor places that are safe and socially acceptable, such as swimming pools and parks specifically designed for women to engage in outdoor activities, could help promote a healthy lifestyle in women. Women in the study expressed their needs for enhanced primary healthcare. Family physicians are recommended for providing more personalized care for patients. Women need to receive health information earlier, for example before and during their pregnancies (30). It should be noted that the acquisition of health information through the health system is critical to prevent and control diseases, understand the situation, feel powerful to control the situation, and predict future events (31). The cost of osteoporosis and the cost of poor treatment outcomes need to be taken into account. The government and policymakers in Iran need to consider how to reduce the burden of disease in people through insurance. The results of the study showed that women with osteoporosis are in need of engagement and active participation of primary care physicians, regular review of patient’s care plan, planned care visits, improving the quality of care and patient outcomes, education, self-management education, the cooperation of the public media and relevant organizations, and emotional and informational support to improve their osteoporosis self-management. Meeting these needs can facilitate treatment before osteoporotic fractures occur, prevent osteoporosis-related morbidity, and enhance the quality of life of the patient. The current study has limitations. The first limitation is that men were not included in this study. It is possible that men’s needs in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis differ from women’s needs. The second limitation is that all of the participants in this study were from urban areas. Women who live in rural communities may have different needs. Therefore, further studies need to investigate the perspectives of men about the disease self-management and describe the experiences of different groups about osteoporosis in various areas. The study would provide an in-depth understanding of women’s experiences in osteoporosis self-management, their perceived needs, and factors that could affect their health behaviors. The findings of this study could be used to design educational programs to enhance osteoporosis self-management and hopefully would reduce disabilities related to the disease and enhance women’s quality of life. This paper was taken from a research project (MUK.REC.1394.211) approved by the Vice-Chancellor for Research and Technology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran. The authors would like to extend their gratitude to all women who participated in the study and provided the authors with their precious experiences and viewpoints. Authors' Contribution: Study conception and design, data collection: Arezoo Fallahi; drafting of the manuscript and revising it critically for important intellectual content: Sina Valiee and Sally Wai-Chi Chan; analysis, and interpretation of data: Arezoo Fallahi and Sina Valiee; editing the manuscript: Sally Wai-Chi Chan. Conflict of Interests: Authors declare that they have no conflict of interests. Ethical Approval: Ethical approval was obtained from the Vice-Chancellor for Research and Technology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences. The participants were informed about the aim of the study, voluntary participation, their right to withdraw at any time, and the anonymity of their identities in reports and publications of the study. Funding/Support: The Vice-Chancellor for Research and Technology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran, supported this study. Patient Consent: Written informed consent was obtained from the participants. 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__label__wiki	0.759753	0.759753	Civic Voices on the State of Eritrea Hbs Nairobi supported the convening of a diverse group of 16 Eritrean professionals and intellectuals in December 2018 to discuss the implications of the sudden amelioration of the relationship between Eritrea and Ethiopia earlier in the year. Over the 6 months which followed the workshop, participants engaged in intense consultations and decided to publish their joint reflections just a day ahead of Eritrea’s Independence Day on 24 May 2019. Sudan’s Civil Society - Aspirant Revolutionaries Once More Civil society has always played a key role in Sudan’s long ongoing struggle for political reform and the National Congress Party, which has ruthlessly clung to power for nearly 30 years, is cognisant of this. Very few political analysts could have predicted what has transpired in Sudan over the past four months. On 19 December, a small protest ostensibly over a treble price hike in bread triggered a domino effect of protests across the country, including in former ruling party strongholds. It soon became clear the initial protests lit a powder keg within Sudanese society, frustrated at 30 years of authoritarian rule with mass corruption and an unwieldy security apparatus --Sudanese citizenry have had enough. Celebrating Whispers 15 Years On: How Satire Can Further Civic Discourse This year, 2018, marks 15 years since the death of Wahome Mutahi (1954 – 2003), who was one of Kenya’s most prolific fiction writers, as well as a playwright, columnist, political satirist, pundit and public opinion leader. He was popularly known as Whispers after the name of the column he wrote for The Daily Nation from 1982 to 2003, offering a satirical view of the trials and tribulations of Kenyan life. According to George Ogola in The Idiom of Age in a Popular Kenyan Newspaper Serial, at a time when the state had all but monopolized public sites of expression in the country, Whispers kept the Kenyan popular media porous, opening up spaces for the discussion of social and political issues that could otherwise only be ‘whispered’. It became the most visible site of social, cultural and political expression for the last two decades at a time when freedom to such expression was highly constrained by the state. Twaweza Communications Extra-Judicial Killings and Enforced Disappearances in Kenya: Balancing the Respect for Human Rights and Maintaining National Security The Annual All Kenyan Moot Court Competition was held on the 23rd and 24th March 2018 at the Kenyatta University School of Law, supported by the Heinrich Boell Foundation with 200 students participating from 12 different universities across the country. This year’s theme was: “Striking the Balance between Respect for Human Rights and Maintaining National Security.” While Kenya signed the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance (ICPPED), it has not ratified the Convention, and consequently the existing legal framework falls short of international human right standards, and is thus unable to comprehensively deal with the problem Dossier: For Democracy Democracy must be fought for, revitalized, and renewed. Institutions, like the Heinrich Böll Foundation, have been struggling against a significant headwind for some time now, as the authoritarian developing state has gained massive momentum. With the publication “For democracy” and this online-dossier, we analyze the state of democracy worldwide as well as the possibilities of democracy assistance. At the same time, we provide insights into the Heinrich Böll Foundation’s political work for democracy. Concrete examples and regional analyses present a vivid account of our engagement. We take stock and examine the challenges that will face us in the future. Dossier: Olympic Games 2016 in Rio de Janeiro Half a million people are expected to visit Rio de Janeiro during the Olympics and Paralympics in August and September. At first glance this will be a huge benefit for the city. But just as for the World Cup in 2014, the city has become a contested space of political and economic interests. Legal Actions or Unlawful Interventions? "Billions were spent on stadiums, now we only need to build a country around them" Our Publications on democratic Governance Perspectives #03/2018: Through the Looking Glass: Images of African Futures The Hollywood action movie Black Panther captured the imagination of audiences around the globe. In several African countries, it quickly became the highest grossing film of all time. The tale is set in Wakanda, a technologically advanced African kingdom that avoided the shackles of colonialism and slavery by isolating itself behind a guise of poverty and deprivation. Although what it presents as “African”, in terms of narrative and images, is far from uncontested, the film catapulted Afrofuturism – a discipline or aesthetic that enlists science fiction and technology to imagine black identities and futures unconstrained by past and present circumstances – from the avant-garde circles of artists and intellectuals into the mainstream. Where Women Are: Gender & The 2017 Kenyan Elections Edited by Nanjala Nyabola and Marie- Emmanuelle Pommerolle, this collection captures some of the stories and experiences of women who particiapetd in the heated 2017 general election in Kenya. The stories shed light on the nuances and complexities facing women who choose to enter electoral politics in Kenya. Perspectives #02/2018: Not Always on a Boat to Europe: Movements of Africans within and beyond the continent The current public debate on African migration to Europe is largely fuelled by visions of boats crossing the Mediterranean Sea, filled with desperate people in search of a better life. The narrative positions Africa as a “continent on the move” whose people are surging into Europe on a seemingly endless tide. Although media images of desperate African refugees fleeing to Europe do portray the daily reality and the often-tragic consequences of the treacherous crossing, the framing conceals more than it reveals. The present publication “For Democracy” outlines and analyzes the state of democracy worldwide as well as the possibilities of democracy assistance. Perspectives #03/2016: Under Pressure: Shrinking Space for Civil Society in Africa Activists, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and social movements across the world are facing verbal hostility from politicians, new laws and regulations that curtail their ability to operate, and outright violence. Africa is no exception.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1869
__label__wiki	0.666465	0.666465	The sports that could save your life Racquet sports, swimming, aerobics and cycling offer life-saving benefits compared to other sports like running and football, according to new research led by the University of Sydney. The study examined more than 80,000 adults with an average age of 52 to investigate the link between six different sport/exercise disciplines and death. The study showed the risk of death from any cause, and the risk of death from cardiovascular disease, was lowest amongst those who played racquet sports such as tennis, squash or badminton. In fact, those who played these sports had a 56 per cent lower cardiovascular risk. The next ranked sports were swimming, aerobics and then cycling – ahead of running and football. “Participation in specific sports may have various benefits for health,” said senior author Associate Professor Emmanuel Stamatakis from the Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences and School of Public Health at the University of Sydney. “Our findings indicate that it’s not only how much and how often, but also what type of exercise you do that seems to make the difference.” The study was a large-scale collaboration between University of Sydney, University of Oxford, UKK Institute (Finland), University of Edinburgh, and four other international universities. How does your sport rank? Find out more here. Story credit: University of Sydney newsroom Gaining more insight into good health through research relies on support for Australia’s universities. To keep Australia clever, please sign the petition below. Sports participation lags in Melbourne’s growth suburbs	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1870
__label__wiki	0.50743	0.50743	Sid the Kid He started taking shots with a stick and puck when he was just two years old and was wowing hockey fans at age 10. Here’s the story of Sidney Crosby. The story of John McCrae's famous war poem. Defend the Fort! French settlers and the Iroquois nation have been fighting each other for years. Can young Madeleine de Verchères protect her brothers and the other families during an attack while her parents are away? The great explorer Samuel de Champlain and his men had some terrible winters in their first years in Canada. So in 1606, Champlain came up with a plan that would make sure they were all well-fed and entertained. The Last Father of Confederation Discover the story of Joey Smallwood, who brought Newfoundland into Confederation in 1949. There’s lots more in the January issue of Kayak! Comic Crackdown Kids have loved comics as long as there have been exciting and funny books of them around. But for a time in the late 1940s and 1950s, adults worried comics were getting too scary and grown-up for kids, so the government got involved. It didn't really work, but it did change comics forever. Punch Dickins: The Snow Eagle Few Canadians know the story of Clennell "Punch" Dickins, but this fearless pilot helped claim the Arctic for us.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1872
__label__cc	0.534734	0.465266	DEATH AND DYING IN OAXACA September 18, 2014 by jkachuba While the rituals and traditions surrounding death and dying in Oaxaca, as in the rest of Mexico, are largely drawn from Catholicism, they also incorporate popular rites and customs taken from the indigenous cultures of Mexico. As an example, a popular belief in Oaxaca is that there is something of a dual nature to one’s soul. There is the soul that exists as what Norget in Days of Death, Days of Life calls a “spiritual duplicate” (el otro yo). This “other self” is essentially the traditional Christian soul, but there is also another soul-like essence, something akin to a shadow that may sometimes become separated from the person and go on to exist independently. This shadowlike emanation of the soul leaves the body after death but certain ailments can also cause it to flee the body in life. A shock or fright (susto) can do it as can the gaze of a person with the “evil eye” (mal de ojo). It is also believed that this shadow-soul wanders during sleep and in dreams and so, is susceptible to being stolen by some lurking malevolent spirit (mal aire). There are rituals that can return this wandering shadow to the person, rendering him whole once more. In Oaxaca it is thought that when a person dies, his soul enters a luminal state, remaining tied to the earth. For the first nine days after death, the deceased (difunto) remains in its former house. On the evening of the funeral and for the next eight days, people gather in the home of the deceased reciting prayers for his soul’s salvation. These nine days are called the Novenario de los Difuntos. Popular belief in Oaxaca says that the dead can intercede with the saints and sacred beings, but only after their souls have achieved forgiveness for their worldly sins. It usually takes one year of penance before God’s judgment, during which the living pray for the deceased and remember them in religious rituals, all with the express goal of making sure their souls enter into heaven after their penance has been completed. If not sufficiently cared for at the time of death, the dead may remain in the earthly realm, haunting certain sites and causing mischief. More often, the dead appear to the living in dreams and communicate with them, a sure sign that the deceased one is troubled and requires some sort of aid from the living During that year of wandering the earth the soul remains in a luminal state. The living believe the deceased to still be impure, unsettled, uncontrolled, and even hazardous and so, the deceased becomes an object of pity, concern, and fear. It is essential for the salvation of the deceased that the living pray for and include in their religious rituals, the deceased. Not only will they help the deceased to enter into the afterlife (al más allá) but they, in turn, will earn the future intercession of the dead with the saints on their behalf. It’s a win-win proposition for both the living and the dead. It’s this intimate connection between the living and the dead that explains the Oaxacan attitude toward death. The dead are not gone, not disappeared; they are merely on one more step of a journey that we will all enter upon. The dead remain. Not only in our memories, but as active partners in our lives and our own salvation. ← SANTA MUERTE – PART 3 CELEBRATING DIA DE LOS MUERTOS IN OAXACA →	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1874
__label__cc	0.510994	0.489006	lifeissues.net:clear thinking about crucial issues Search \|\| Home » Stonestreet » Now They're Euthanizing Asperger's Patients Now They're Euthanizing Asperger's Patients The Deadly Threat of Assisted Suicide John Stonestreet and by Roberto Rivera Reproduced with Permission Another week... another example of how physician-assisted suicide targets the vulnerable. This time: Asperger's patients. In 2010, 38-year-old Tine Nys was one of approximately 1,000 people euthanized in Belgium. Nys was not suffering from a terminal illness. In fact, she wasn't sick at all. As I've mentioned before on BreakPoint, despite how it's sold around the world, inevitable death isn't a requirement for euthanasia in Belgium. The standard for eligibility is "unbearable and untreatable suffering," which has come to include psychological suffering. Between 2005 and 2014, 124 people diagnosed with a "mental and/or behavioral disorder" were euthanized in Belgium. These included conditions such as depression and dementia. But in Nys case, it's wasn't even clear she was "suffering" at all, much less in an "unbearable and untreatable" sense. Nys had been diagnosed with Asperger's Syndrome, a mild form of autism. Asperger's is characterized by, among other things, difficulty in social situations and restricted interests. It's also characterized by "remarkable focus and persistence," "attention to detail," and an aptitude for recognizing patterns. If that doesn't sound especially unbearable, you're correct. And many people agree. Venture capitalist Peter Thiel has called Asperger's a possible "big advantage" in places like Silicon Valley. In fact, the person who helped me write this commentary will tell you that he displays more than a few Asperger's characteristics, and he and I both will tell you that those characteristics help him do the amazing job he does. If all that was "wrong" with Nys was Asperger's, then even under Belgium's absurdly lax standards, her request for euthanasia should not have been approved. And so her family filed a criminal complaint against the doctors who approved her request. Here's the good news: the head of Belgium's euthanasia review commission announced he would no longer accept patients referred by Nys's psychiatrist, Lieve Thienpont, who, by the way, partially justified Nys's death by referring to her family as "seriously dysfunctional, wounded, (and) traumatized… with very little empathy and respect for others." Still, this is too little, too late. As early as 2015, Belgian doctors were aware of "the high number of requests that this psychiatrist fielded and how many of them were approved." Here's more good news: in late November, Belgian officials opened a criminal investigation into this psychiatrist, and into two other doctors concerning the circumstances of Nys's death. The bad news is this will do nothing to roll back Belgium's culture of death. After all, Thienpont isn't the only Belgian doctor approving requests for euthanasia from people whose "unbearable and untreatable" condition is simply psychological or even autism. She's simply the doctor most associated with a practice the New York Post called "controversial" and "hotly debated." That's not the same thing as illegal. The case of Tine Nys is more evidence that talk about protecting vulnerable people from euthanasia once the cat is out of the bag is just that, talk. Since 2002, more than 10,000 people have been euthanized in Belgium, and before Thienpont, only one other case was referred to prosecutors and that one was eventually dropped. Once you concede that some lives are not worth living, then the criteria for what "not worth living" means will inevitably expand. Euthanasia isn't nor has it ever been about alleviating suffering. It's about personal autonomy, the "right" to live or die as you choose, and the advancement of a culture of death. After all, it only took Belgium eight short years to go from euthanizing terminal cancer patients to killing people whom, under different circumstances, might be working in Silicon Valley. Website copyright © 2000—2019 Lifeissues.net Kochi, Japan Article copyrights are held solely by author. [ Japan-Lifeissues.net ] [ OMI Japan/Korea ]	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1879
__label__wiki	0.937726	0.937726	Statewide sweep nets 28 New Jersey businesses accused of defrauding immigrants The Latino Action Network included a recommendation to the State in our annual report, released in September, to launch a statewide public awareness program that would “inform immigrants of the unscrupulous practices of notarios that prey on the desperation of the immigrant community.” The state launched an investigation that netted 28 New Jersey businesses accused of defrauding immigrants. Read the full story below: Air Sea Land Travel, also known as Airsealand Tours, in Kearny, was among 28 New Jersey businesses that have been cited for allegedly providing unauthorized services to immigrants. On Friday, two workers there said they have filled out immigration forms in the past for clients who paid $50 to $100, depending on the complexity of the document. "Now we are not doing any cases of immigration, one of the workers, Liliana Torres, said in Spanish. (Photo: Monsy Alvarado/NorthJersey.com) (This article orginially appeared on NorthJersey.com) The state Division of Consumer Affairs has cited 28 New Jersey businesses for allegedly defrauding customers by charging for immigration services that they are not legally permitted to provide, authorities said Friday. Notaries public, tax preparers, travel agencies and other businesses as far north as Paterson and as far south as Lakewood received notices of violation accusing them of charging for services that can be performed only by an attorney or by representatives accredited by the federal government. Some of the businesses were accused of charging more than $1,500 for services they weren't authorized to perform, the state alleged. This operation is part of the state's effort to curb so-called "notario" fraud, a practice in which a notary public takes advantage of Spanish-speaking customers who believe they are consulting with an attorney or immigration expert. The term comes from certain Latin American countries where "notarios" are attorneys or have legal training to prepare documents for their clients and offer legal advice. Notaries public in the United States cannot legally offer or perform these services, nor can they charge more than a few dollars to witness signatures. “Today we are reinforcing our commitment to protecting all New Jersey residents, regardless of their legal status, from financial predators,” said Paul R. Rodríguez, acting director of the Division of Consumer Affairs. “All New Jersey residents who fall victim to fraud or other unlawful conduct should know that they can safely report the matter to law enforcement. We are here for you.” The division is seeking a total of $326,000 in penalties after a months-long undercover operation. Individually, the businesses face penalties ranging from $6,000 to $16,000. In some cases, an individual associated with a business may also face civil penalties, authorities said. “At a time when immigrant communities feel threatened, it is more important than ever that we prevent unauthorized and unqualified practitioners from exposing individuals to heightened risk of deportation and loss of their legal rights," Rodriguez said. Frank Argote-Freyre, director of the Latino Coalition of New Jersey, said he was thrilled to hear that the state had taken action against businesses that offer unauthorized immigration services. “This is a great step,” he said. “It’s time that they crack down on these duplicitous notarios. They prey on people’s dreams and give them false hope.” The Latino Action Network, a statewide group that includes the Latino Coalition, included a recommendation in its annual report, released in September, to launch a statewide public awareness program that would “inform immigrants of the unscrupulous practices of notarios that prey on the desperation of the immigrant community.” An 'underground economy' of unlicensed services Advocates, lawyers and former clients say several businesses in New Jersey are part of what state officials have called an "underground economy" of unlicensed practitioners who charge money to give legal advice and fill out immigration forms. In several Latin American countries, "notarios" have similar backgrounds and duties as lawyers. In the United States, they can be easily confused with a notary public, a state-registered witness who cannot offer legal advice or charge more than a few dollars to notarize a document. Unlicensed consultants advertising immigration services have taken advantage of that confusion by using the word "notario" in their materials. They offer to fill out immigration forms for hundreds of dollars, sometimes while offering legitimate services like travel planning, tax preparation and translations, legal experts and authorities say. Many victims have found themselves destitute, state officials said. Some find that they have forfeited irreplaceable documents, including passports and birth certificates, to unscrupulous notarios. "This is an underground economy that thrives on secrecy and blind trust," Lisa Coryell, a spokeswoman for the state Attorney General's office, which includes the Division of Consumer Affairs, said in an email in March. "When complaints are brought to the Division's attention, it responds to them and investigates." However, the fact that the burden is on the victim to report wrongdoing presents one of the biggest challenges to going after these operations, advocates and public officials say. Some victims are not aware that they are dealing with an unlicensed immigration adviser. Others say they fear being exposed to immigration authorities. "A 'notario' filing a fraudulent or incorrect application based on poor understanding of the law has the potential to ruin a foreign national's life and the life of his or her family members," said Eileen King English, an immigration attorney based in Freehold. "Families can be separated for years, thousands of dollars can be lost, and people can spend years in lengthy administrative processes that could have been avoided if they had sought immigration counsel initially. Lazaro Cardenas, deputy director of the Latino Coalition of New Jersey, said that while he would like to see more victims take their complaints to state authorities, he recognizes that they must weigh the risks, including the possibility that they could expose themselves to immigration authorities. "If you feel you've been wronged, I believe you should report that person because that person is not probably just hurting you, he or she is probably hurting many people in the same community," he said. "But it's a personal decision that everyone has to make." A family's ordeal One of the businesses that was cited in the state sweep is Consuelo's Travel LLC, which has locations in Lakewood, Freehold Borough, Bradley Beach and, until recently, Red Bank. Todd Naecker of Toms River estimates that he spent about $2,000 over four years with a so-called 'notario' who he said advised his undocumented wife, Olga, to return to her native Honduras and return in a year or two. The couple were separated for years. Asbury Park Press In an interview in March, the owner, Consuelo Castillo of Toms River said her employees file green card petitions, applications for Temporary Protected Status and other immigration forms for a fee. But neither Castillo nor her two associates is licensed to practice law in New Jersey, a requirement for those performing such immigration services. Nor are they supervised by a lawyer, Castillo said. Consuelo's Travel in Freehold Borough advertises immigration services on its signage. State statute prohibits businesses without licensed attorneys from advertising immigration services. (Photo: STEPH SOLIS/ASBURY PARK PRESS) Castillo who said she was a lawyer in her native Peru, insisted that her agency has done nothing wrong by offering immigration help. "It's not illegal," she said, speaking in Spanish. "I've spoken with immigration officials, and they themselves say the immigration forms are designed so the people can fill them out themselves." "I sincerely believe I provide a service for the community," she said. Count Todd Naecker of Toms River among those who would take issue with that statement. Todd and Olga Naecker of Toms River. (Photo: Peter Ackerman) Naecker estimates that he spent about $2,000 over four years with Consuelo's businesses. Her employees, he said, advised his undocumented wife, Olga, to return to her native Honduras, saying Naecker could bring her back with her two Honduran-born sons in a year or two. The Naeckers followed that advice, unaware that the United States typically makes undocumented immigrants wait five or 10 years before they may re-enter the country legally, unless the government issues a waiver. Her sons, now 15 and 23,were admitted into the United States two years later, but she was not. The agents at Consuelo's Travel filed multiple requests for waivers to get permission for Olga to return, all of which were denied. Unlike many immigrant families, the Naeckers eventually managed to resolve their case. After five years, an immigration attorney filed a petition on Todd Naecker's behalf to bring Olga back as a green card holder. Olga got an interview at the U.S. Embassy in Honduras and was approved to enter the United States. More than six years and $10,000 later, including fees that the family paid to their immigration lawyer and to Castillo, Olga Naecker returned to New Jersey as a legal resident. "It's confusion on top of it, in my mind thinking, 'Well, I thought I was dealing with a lawyer,'" Naecker said in an interview earlier this year, "and now I find out I've never been dealing with a lawyer. I've only been dealing with someone who's just doing the paperwork." Reached Friday night, Castillo said she referred the Naeckers to Mejer after Olga's petition was rejected because she had a deportation order. Castillo said she plans to work with the Division of Consumer Affairs to resolve the matter. "I already had 20 years working on this, and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has never rejected any of my applications," she said. "I have a lot of cases approved with them. If I have to get accredited, I'll do it. If I have to study here, I'll study." Reached on Friday, Todd Naecker said he did not have an immediate comment on the notice of violation that had been served against Castillo. Andres Mejer, the attorney who represented the family, said he welcomed the state's enforcement action. “It’s a welcome start, letting the public know that these individuals or these entities are at the end of the day not trustworthy, not licensed or at the end of the day not liable,” Mejer said. “It’s these individuals whose lives get turned around, who are separated from their loved ones.” Business owners respond AMC Immigration Services in Garfield (Photo: Monsy Alvarado/NorthJersey.com) The offices of AMC Immigration Services on Palisade Avenue in Garfield were closed on Friday. Reached by phone, the owner, Ahmed Abelbary, said he had received a violation notice and has been fined $12,000. Abelbary said he started the business about a year ago and that much of his work involves referring people to immigration attorneys. “The only thing I did with people, because they are very poor, is tell them where to start,” he said. “I doubt anyone can find anything that I’ve given people advice on.” He said he did help someone fill out a citizenship application form and was paid about $100. Another person paid him $20 for scheduling an appointment with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. “It took me two days,” he said, adding that he hasn't made any money from the business and works as an Uber driver. Abelbary said there is a need for services that help immigrants fill out paperwork, adding that immigration attorneys can charge too much. “I have never had anyone tell me you are not allowed to do this,” he said. La Feria Services of Plainfield was one of 28 New Jersey businesses that have been cited for allegedly offering unauthorized services to immigrants. (Photo: Steph Solis/NorthJersey.com) Edgar Custodio, the owner of La Feria in Plainfield, said he wasn’t around last week when a state agent visited his store. The business was cited for advertising immigration services on its storefront window and website. Custodio didn’t say how much he was fined, but Custodio said that this is the first time in his 30 years in business that he has been notified of any problems with his advertising. “We were not advertising ourselves as attorneys or immigration advisers. We were just helping them fill out paperwork,” Custodio said, adding that he tells his clients he’s not an immigration adviser. Custodio said he has removed the immigration signage from his storefront. He and his wife, Vanessa, who was present when the agent visited the store, expressed concern that the state didn’t give them an opportunity make changes and address the problems. “I think they need to advise and give you some sort of warning,” Vanessa Custodio said. “If we would have gotten a warning that said we weren’t supposed to be doing something specific, we would have been seeking assistance right away.” “The thing is, we just got a letter now with a huge fine on it,” she added. “We’re a small business.” Staff Writer Monsy Alvarado contributed to this article. Steph Solis: @stephmsolis; 732-403-0074; ssolis@gannett.com. N.J. businesses accused of 'notario' fraud The following New Jersey businesses were served notices of violation for allegedly engaging in so-called "notario" fraud: A.A.N. Accounting & Multi-Service LLC, Kearny A&A Consultants LLC, Elizabeth AC Velox Multiservice LLC, Elizabeth Airsealand Tours Inc., a.k.a. Air Sea Land Travel & Tax or Air Sea Land Group, Kearny AMC Immigration Services LLC, Garfield Angel Financial Services, Elizabeth Borche’s Service Express Travel Inc., d.b.a. Services Express Corporation, Plainfield Consuelos Travel LLC & Consuelos Immigration Services, Lakewood D’ Vazquez Tax Solutions LLC, a.k.a. D’Vazquez Tax Solutions LLC or E.C.T.A. Envios El Costeño, Garfield Dieugrand Insurance Agency LLC, Jersey City Foto-Loft LLC, a.k.a. Photo Loft, Newark IG Tax Multiservices LLC, a.k.a. IG Tax Multi Services LLC, North Bergen J.V. Services, d.b.a. JV Typing Services, Elizabeth La Feria Services LLC, Plainfield Miriam Caso, a.k.a. Bookkeeping & Tax Services LLC, West New York Master Agency LLC, Paterson MIA Services LLC, Union City Nancy Tax Services, Union City N-VIA Travel & Associates LLC, Trenton P & L Multiservices LLC, Garfield Pro Immigrants Foundation Inc., Elizabeth QAP Total Services Corp., Elizabeth Kenny Tax Service, a.k.a Kenny Tax Services, Paterson Mundo Travel Agency, Trenton SS Professional Services Corp., Jersey City Sylvana's Multiservices LLC, a.k.a. Sylvana’s Multiservices Marilyn’s Services, Elizabeth Time Travel LLC, Long Branch West Side Brokerage Inc., Jersey City Posted by Dan Ulloa at 12:29 PM Statewide sweep nets 28 New Jersey businesses accu...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1880
__label__wiki	0.59809	0.59809	Ain't It Cool News (www.aintitcool.com) Cool News Animation and Anime Quint follows John Lasseter for a day as he makes his rounds for Disney's BOLT! Published at: July 18, 2008, 10:16 p.m. CST by quint Ahoy, squirts! Quint here. When I went out to New York to see Disney’s unveiling of their animation slate for the next four or more years I ended up having dinner with a pair of publicists from the company. Over dinner we talked about what I’d do if I were running the studio. Of course, I fully trust John Lasseter on the animation side of things, but I was saying that I would love to see a return to the Disney horror film. I loved movies like WATCHER IN THE WOODS and SOMETHING WICKED THIS WAY COMES when I was little (and to this day). I think adults forget how much fun it was being scared as a kid. We loved it. They didn’t laugh me out of the room, thank God, but we did switch topics to Lasseter at Disney and how he has reinvigorated the studio, how his fingers are dipped into every project going on at the moment. Which led us to BOLT, which I had seen some footage of earlier at the big presentation. BOLT had the feeling of a Disney/Pixar love-child, traits of each parent showing through, but the whole not exactly one or the other. It was here that we really first discussed doing a series of articles on the film here on AICN. The idea is that I’ll go visit Disney about once a month starting last month, in June, and ending with me seeing the finished film around October/November and with each visit we’ll look at a different aspect of the production ultimately providing a record of the behind the scenes of this project. At the dinner, they weren’t sure if it would happen. Apparently, they’ve never let anyone cover an in-development project in such detail before, so they didn’t know if it would be approved. It was and I found myself on the Disney lot last month to start it. And what a way to start. My task was to meet with John Lasseter and shadow him as he made his rounds, gave notes to the filmmakers, watched a few rough edits of scenes and basically acted as creative foreman for the project. I was told no less then 4 times (by as many people) that arranging 2 hours with John Lasseter for a report was unprecedented. Let me tell you, I needed every second of it. My first impressions of Lasseter were that he was exactly who I thought he was going to be. His enthusiasm is so honest and pure that he couldn’t contain it and our informal meet and greet turned into a 45 minute long bullshitting session about classic Disney animation, what he’s done to make Disney animation more like Pixar and his work on the amusement parks. I would say a safe, conservative estimate on how the conversation broke down between him and me was about 85% Lasseter and 15% me talking. If I didn’t know better I would have mistaken his enthusiasm for being high as a kite. I guess in a way he was. His love for everything Disney was displayed proudly on his sleeve and I could tell that it meant the world to him to be a creative force there. Eyes wide, he spoke with such force that he would occasionally even smack me in the arm to punctuate his point. Either that or I was being attacked by some crazy mosquito and didn’t know it. We met outside of his office and he quickly showed me how he has centralized everything. He said that one of the first things he did when he got the job was to force interaction with the employees, just like at Pixar. The bathrooms, the commissary, the screening rooms and water fountains are all centrally located now, so you can’t just skip from your cubical to take a leak and dash back unnoticed. It forces chance meetings, opens up a dialogue. Lasseter said this was a strategy utilized by Steve Jobs and it’s what they do at Pixar. Apparently it was a bit of a tonal shift when he came onboard, people not used to having access to their bosses on a daily basis. But he was quick to stress that he wasn’t going to turn Disney into Pixar II. He wants Disney Animation to have its own identity, but his goal was to transfer over the feeling, to make it a filmmaker led studio and not an executive led studio. We sat down in Lasseter’s incredibly cool office. I’ve never been to his office at Pixar, but I’ve seen it on the DVDs. His Disney office isn’t as cluttered with toys from his flicks, but it is definitely the same man occupying both. There is framed Disney production art (reproductions, I’m told… he wouldn’t dare take the originals out of the vault) for Dumbo and tons of other, more obscure, Disney ‘toons on damn near every square inch of wall. It was the art that started off our conversation and he told me that when he first entered Disney in his Chief Creative Officer role… “You know how as a kid you had Christmas and you thought you had opened all of your presents? Then you look under the tree and way under there is one more present, a big one, and it has your name on it? Remember how exciting that was? That’s what it felt like when I found out that the Animation Research Library, the ARL, which is basically the morgue which houses all the original animation art from the Disney history was under our jurisdiction.” He then asked if I’d been over there. I told him I hadn’t, then he slapped the table and said, “Done.” I told him that was dangerous since I am a collector of many things, including animation cels, but I’d gladly take him up on it. Looks like my next trip to LA will possibly end with my arrest as I try to sneak out with Pinocchio cels stuffed down my shirt. The overall conversation hit many points, but the theme was essentially Lasseter’s mantra. If you love what you do, you’ll never work a day in your life. He said he’s just a geek. People like him and Brad Bird and Andrew Stanton… they’re just geeks doing what they love, which led him to pay AICN an incredibly huge compliment, saying that he sees the same thing the writers on AICN and went so far as to compare AICN with Pixar, saying that it's clear we love movies here and we're doing what we love to be doing. That’s incredibly flattering, especially coming from John Mother-Fathering Lasseter. So after this chit-chat, we walked down to the theater for some animation layouts. On the way we bumped into an animator… and I’m terrible that I didn’t get his name… but this guy did the voice for the pigeon you see in the trailer, with a very distinct New York accent. And that’s his real voice, too, which explains why the pigeon pushes past that stereotypical New York accent… because it’s not someone trying to put one on. The dude was really nice and when Lasseter introduced him he was very humble. I told him the scene played great in New York, getting a lot of laughs from the crowd. Lasseter said, with a smile, “We tried to replace him…” and the animator said, “Ohhhhh, dude! And I was feeling so good!” Lasseter, “I’M JUST KIDDING!” (Caps are for him literally yelling this over everybody laughing.) We moved on the conversation came in snippets, changing as we’d walk by different art painted on the walls or posted on the walls. I pointed out some blown up pencil roughs for PINOCCHIO (my favorite Disney animated movie) as well as a display of those great Disney scene recreations, the Annie Leibovitz photo-shoots with Rachel Weisz as Snow White, Scarlett Johansson as Cinderella, etc… Lasseter geeked out about those, too. When we got to the theater, I was re-introduced to the directors, Byron Howard and Chris Williams, each armed with a pad and pencil. The sequence they ran was about 2 minutes long, with animation in various stages, but all pretty rough. We’re following Bolt, the TV superstar dog that was never told his life was a TV show, so he thinks he has all these superpowers which don’t exist in the real world, as he races back to LA where he’s sure his human, Penny, is held captive by his arch-nemesis, the evil Cat-controlling Dr. Calico (voiced by Malcolm McDowell in the movie). Bolt has an over-caffeinated fanboy Hamster as a side-kick (voiced by animator Mark Walton) and a captive cat (voiced by Curb Your Enthusiasm’s Susie Essman) who he believes will lead him to Dr. Calico. Of course they bond on the road back and the dry sarcasm of the street cat melts a bit. She teaches Bolt to be a dog and what they were going over was that montage. In the movie they use a fast food placemat as a map. You know those things you get on the trays at fast food joints… very cartoonish version of the US, with giant cacti in Texas and Arizona and oversized landmarks, like the St. Louis Arch? The animators took that to the next level and during this montage we track their progression across the US Indiana Jones style, except without the red line and dots over a nice old map, it’s over this ridiculous cartoon Fast Food tray version of the US. But the heart of the scene is the hamster (almost always in his hamster ball) and the cat teaching Bolt to act like a real dog, showing him the proper dog etiquette, I guess. Teaching him how to dig, how to play with other dogs (that funny butt-up in the air, bowing down thing they do), how to enjoy sticking your head out of the window of a moving car, trying to bite water that comes out of a hose, etc. We watched it all the way through once with no talking, no notes, just letting it play. Lasseter brought out his laser pointer and they began again at the beginning, which takes place in a Waffle House parking lot and Lasseter started asking what the geography was, where the characters are in relation to the previous shot, how to make sure the audience knows why they are in relation to what came before, etc. After a couple minutes of discussion, they decided they didn’t need a bridging shot, but they would kind of cheat the top of a truck up a few inches, so that it’s not obscured by the parking lot perimeter wall. Over the next few shots, Lasseter would pause and playback moments, using the laser pointer to ask questions of the rough animations. There’s a shot of a truck taking an off ramp (with our guys hitching a ride) that looked fine to me, but Lasseter pointed at the guardrails and said they were too narrow. Once they played it back again everybody saw he was right. It looks like the truck is barely squeezing through it, so they’re going to widen the road a bit (even though I liked one of the directors’ suggestion of keeping it and adding sparks). There’s another sequence where Bolt and his group are stowing away on the top of a dump truck carrying sand (would that be a sand truck then?) and Bolt is being taught how to dig and bury objects. While he digs, sand is thrown off the back of the moving truck onto the windshield of some poor bastard behind him. But it was fascinating watching Lasseter making suggestions, small things about camera placement, movement being wrong, ideas for adding layers to these jokes or character moments. I’ve been blessed to have visited many sets in my time at AICN and I’ve seen some master directors working. I’ve seen scenes get better and better take after take as the director fine tunes the performance and I’ve gotten to be able to anticipate how that happens and can see where the progression is going earlier than when I first started. Here I felt like a newborn. The ideas that Lasseter was having, the problems he was catching and the creative way around them that not only he came up with, but what he inspired in his collaboration with Byron Howard and Chris Williams, were problems I would never have caught until the finished product was before me, let alone figured out how to fix. My favorite part was actually a piece from the montage… Let me set the scene. You have Bolt in a park with the cat nearby and a dog comes running up, excited… It’s tail is wagging, it runs around him and does the playful puppy-butt-up-in-the-air thing. The cat motions for Bolt to do the same. It’s a cute scene where Bolt for the first time really acts like a dog and gets carried away. He gets playful and chases the dog around and they end up running up a hill with a giant tree on the top, disappearing from view. It’s a cute scene. Even in this rough form. Lasseter was untraditionally quiet about it and then made a comment. “I don’t want to… I don’t want the audience to think this… is… a love moment, with Bolt falling in love with a female dog… and then running off…” There were ideas thrown around, the directors envisioned the other dog a younger male dog, full of puppy-ish enthusiasm, so they talked about how to make it more playful and not so much “romantic.” An idea was formed by all three of them that they could move a swingset from the background of the shot in closer and have Bolt chase the other dog around that, instead of “going off to have sex… under the sex tree.” Everybody had a laugh over that and then we rewatched the scene and sure enough it plays like flirting. Everybody was quiet and Lasseter said, “Now you can’t watch it, right?” We watched a few more scenes, then left for a different session, to watch the roughest piece yet, with voice work just recorded and edited to still pencil drawings. This was from when Bolt gets to LA finally and runs into another set of pigeons. At the beginning of the story he meets the pigeons in New York, being stereotypical New Yorkers and in LA… well, the pigeons speak biz-talk, acting like Hollywood douche-bags trying to pitch Bolt a spin-off. Bolt tricks them into leading him to the studio and the whole way along they’re pitching him the spin-off show (featuring Aliens) in absurd terms (“We open on Ext. Space – Mid-morning…”) It actually is a really funny sequence, especially if you’ve ever been exposed to that side of Hollywood. Those people do exist. But this went very much like the rough animation we saw, but was much bigger, with an editor, writer (Dan Fogelman, who worked with Lasseter on CARS). Lots of brainstorming, maybe even more-so here because there wasn’t any animation locked yet. Fogelman was throwing out suggested line changes and different ways of hearing the pitch as Bolt rushes to the studio. Then Mr. Lasseter had to be pulled away to another meeting and I said my good-byes to Howard and Williams and started walking out. But I didn’t get far before Lasseter found me and apologized for running off without saying good-bye. I wasn’t offended… after all I spent the last bit as a fly on the wall, watching him work, however it was very nice of him to actually come back to say good-bye in person. He said he was looking forward to having me come back for the next Bolt visit, where it looks like I’ll be following around the Directors as they do their daily job. He stressed one more time that I need to go to the animation morgue and check out the original cels and then said good-bye. It’s pretty nuts, guys. I haven’t seen enough of the movie to really say if it’ll be a huge success or not, but the creativity that surrounds Lasseter is tangible and infectious. It seemed that inspired creative discussion wherever he went and even if he didn’t have the best idea or the one that everybody agreed with, it was almost always him starting the discussion that led to the solution. It was an honor following him around and getting some time to bullshit about storytelling, animation and his overall philosophy. Along with “If you love what you do you’ll never work a day in your life” there was one I had heard attributed to him and repeated many times, but this time I got to hear it with my own hears from his own mouth, without a speaker in-between us. “Quality is the best business plan.” Without a doubt Lasseter is deeply invested in how the Disney Animation is going and from what I’ve seen of BOLT (from pencil drawings to fully realized scenes) I think we’re going to find a strange amalgam of traditional Disney style (with the process that allows them to give painterly backgrounds to the computer animation) and Pixar’s unerring level of quality and character humor. I look forward to seeing how this shakes down as the movie gets closer and closer to completion. I hope you guys enjoyed reading along with my adventures at Disney and will keep an eye out for the next installment, hitting sometime next month, I believe. -Quint quint@aintitcool.com Follow ericvespe Readers Talkback Top Talkbacks Taika Waititi Returning For THOR 4!!! (Yes!!!) -- 119 total posts 20 Check Out The Exclusive Trailer Premiere For Nicolas Cage’s A SCORE TO SETTLE! -- 22 total posts 9 Check Out An Exclusive Clip From INTO THE ASHES Featuring Frank Grillo and Luke Grimes! -- 24 total posts 3 Barbarella Reports From The Third Annual Con Of Thrones! -- 9 total posts 2 Another EVIL DEAD Film In Our Future Horror Geeks? (According To Sam Raimi, The Answer is Yes!!!) -- 145 total posts 2 Prometheus Talks STRANGER THINGS – Season 3!!! (Spoilers!) It’s Summertime In Hawkins! -- 210 total posts 1 Taika Waititi is gonna save everyone of us with Animated FLASH GORDON! -- 70 total posts 1 Barbarella Roars About THE LION KING! FRIGHT FIGHT FRIDAY – ALIEN BRACKET ROUND 2 – JOJO THE KLOWNZILLA VS CRITTERS!!! Home \| Cool News \| Coaxial / TV \| Picks & Peeks \| Movie Reviews \| Animation \| Comics \| Search \| Comics \| The Zone Forums RSS \| Privacy Policy \| Contact AICN This site is © 1996-2019 Ain't It Cool News.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1883
__label__cc	0.649447	0.350553	The Church of England Newspaper (London, UK) The Church of England Newspaper (London, UK). Review of Jane of Lantern Hill, by L.M. Montgomery. 2 December 1937. In “Scrapbook of Reviews from Around the World Which L.M. Montgomery’s Clipping Service Sent to Her,” compiled by L.M. Montgomery, loose pages. L.M. Montgomery Collection, Archival and Special Collections, University of Guelph archives. Also as “[Repeated Success]” in The L.M. Montgomery Reader, Volume 3: A Legacy in Review, edited by Benjamin Lefebvre, 344. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2015. The Church of England Newspaper (London, UK). Review of Magic for Marigold, by L.M. Montgomery. 18 October 1929. In “Scrapbook of Reviews from Around the World Which L.M. Montgomery’s Clipping Service Sent to Her,” compiled by L.M. Montgomery, 346. L.M. Montgomery Collection, Archival and Special Collections, University of Guelph archives. Also as “[Another Fascinating Tale]” in The L.M. Montgomery Reader, Volume 3: A Legacy in Review, edited by Benjamin Lefebvre, 301. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2015.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1887
__label__wiki	0.795025	0.795025	Following the Resounding Success of the Inauguration The second edition of the Amman Opera Festival, which was held under the patronage of HRH Princess Muna Al Hussein, concluded its events with a closing ceremony held at the Roman Amphitheatre with a full operatic production of the opera La Bohéme for the second time, following the successful first production held during the opening of the festival. The closing ceremony was attended by several public figures and socialites, including HRH Princess Wijdan Ali; HRH Princess Noor bint Asem; Mr. Yousef Al Shawarbeh, Mayor of Amman; Lina Annab, Minister of Tourism and Antiquities, as well as the Ambassadors of Ukraine, China, Malaysia, the United Kingdom and Brunei. The event was also attended by a number of social media stars. The first ever opera festival in the Arab world presented a full operatic production of the opera La Bohéme. Starring Jordanian soprano Zeina Barhoum as Mimi and Max Jota as Rodolfo, the opera La Bohème's leading roles, and the performance also featured principal singers from Georgia and Italy. They were accompanied by The Sichuan Philharmonic Orchestra, under the direction of the festival's artistic director and conductor, Lorenzo Tazzieri, along with choir singers from Jordan, including Jordan's children's choir Nai, alongside the Repton New English School choir, which opened the festival. The opera is directed by Deyan Proshev from Macedonia. Gates opened at 7:00 PM and the show began at 8:00 PM. Doors had opened for the public at 6:00 PM in the Piazza, which is closed off for the Festival, in front of the theatre, where guests enjoyed a pizza, gelato, a cup of coffee and a knafeh! The first edition of the festival was launched in 2017 featuring a full operatic production of Verdi's La Traviata held at the Roman Amphitheater in Downtown Amman. Alongside over 150 international musicians and dancers from more than 10 countries, the show starred Zeina Barhoum as Violetta, Andres Versamendi as Alfredo, Simon Svitok as Germont and Ady Naber as Gastone, accompanied by the Sichuan Philharmonic Orchestra, featuring musicians from La Scala and local talents and musicians, and the Batumi Opera House Choir led by Conductor Lorenzo Tazzieri. The show was directed by Luigi Orfeo. Zeina Barhoum's motivation behind this initiative is to plant the seeds towards growing the opera culture in Jordan and the Arab world, and perhaps inspire the building of a purpose-built Opera House in Jordan's Capital, Amman, joining the company of other Arab states such as Oman and the UAE.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1890
__label__cc	0.736768	0.263232	Columnists / Comment / Sarah Stook Fleeing the Honduras Nightmare \| Sarah Stook by · Published · Updated ‘They are not seeking the American dream, but fleeing the Honduras nightmare.’ This quote, from Honduran opposition member Jari Dixon, is in response to the current migrant situation going on. A so-called caravan of migrants set off from the Honduran city of San Pedro Sula, the second largest city after the capital Tegucigalpa, in an attempt to cross the Mexican-USA border. As their journey went through other countries such as Guatemala, migrants from other countries joined them. Though we do not know for sure how large the caravan is (at the time of writing, they are in Mexico), it is rumoured to be at around seven thousand- larger than the one thousand who set off on foot in Honduras. There is a very simple reason for this flow of migrants: they want to get to the USA to make a home. As one can imagine, the political fallout is widespread. Donald Trump has been fierce in his criticism, calling it a political move and threatening a withdrawal of aid to countries who fail to stop the flow. Others on the right have called for more action, seeing the migrants as a threat to the country. Those on the left believe in a little more compassion in this case, arguing that withdrawing aid would cause even more problems in troubled nations. As we lead up to the midterms in the USA, both parties seek to capitalise on a variety of voters’ emotions in order to win. Such events as these cause a stir that both can want. Went interviewed, many say that they are refugees fleeing violence, poverty and a desolate life. They want safety in the USA. Some argue that they are actually refugees because the countries they are leaving are unsafe. The opposing view is that they are economic migrants, seeking a better monetary situation in order to send money back to loved ones at home. Whatever the case, if the caravan gets to the USA border (all reports indicate it will, given Mexico’s inaction), something will be done. They are unlikely to get in, but how will the government secure the border? The caravan is a very new innovation. Previously, migrants would travel alone or in small groups, often vulnerable to coyotes and other cruel people. As the caravan was essentially advertised on social media, it is no wonder that it became a large group of people, adding to the fact they were joined by others. For the migrants, it makes sense- in a very large group, they are protected and many not suffer many of the hardships as they did if they went alone. The caravan was organised by a refugee advocacy group, taking away the fees that people smugglers usually ask for. For women and children, the most vulnerable migrants, they are less likely to be on the receiving end of rape and abuse. Though not entirely singular in its usage, it is still a fairly new phenomenon. To go back to Mr. Dixon’s tweet, there seems to be a reason why there is a mass emigration from certain Latin American countries. The world’s largest displacement doesn’t come from war torn Syria or unstable South Sudan, but Colombia, with 7.5 internally displaced people and 340,000 refugees abroad (UNCHR). Venezuela’s numbers aren’t quite as high, but the huge economic downturn and unstable political regime has led around 1.5 million to flee, the vast majority going to neighbouring Colombia. El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras- three countries which make up most of the caravan- have seen fifteen hundred percentage increase in asylum applications from nationals. Mexicans make up 60% of Latin Americans in the USA, though they are not necessarily refugees. In this article, we will explore Latin America, from crime to poverty in order to understand why the caravan exists. Crime in Latin America is at an extraordinary rate. Of the top 50 cities with the highest murder rate, 41 of them are in Central or Southern America (the other three countries that make up the list are the United States, South Africa and Jamaica). The highest rating was in the Mexican city of Los Cabos, at 111.33 per 10,000 in homicides. Compare this to London, with a rating of 1.2 per 10,000. Now, we hear all the time of the tragic stabbings and shootings in our capital, so one cannot imagine the violence in Los Cabos and other places. The vast majority of crime in this case is through gangs. With a lack of public services and incredibly corrupt government officials, the gangs are able to control cities through intimidation, bribery and other methods. In many cases, they are preferred over officials because of policies such as feeding the poor. Still, the gangs are incredibly violent and their role in society is cataclysmic. People are killed for a variety of reasons- disrespecting the leader; as part of an initiation, being a part of the wrong gang; doing something the gang doesn’t like; suspected of being a snitch; being in the crossfire by accident; the list is endless. A majority of killings are by firearms, many being illegally smuggled with no control. Many drugs are made in Latin America, with Escobar and El Chapo filling many minds, another contributor considering how many are forced into growing it by gangs under the threat of violence. With low conviction rates, contributed to by an inept police force, bribery and a broken justice system, many criminals are free to re-offend without worry. Another huge issue in Latin America is rape and violence against women. The machismo culture creates dominance, when women are assigned in gender roles- mother, wife, homemaker, girlfriend etc. Various sources have it between that ten to fifty percent of women are physically assaulted by a male partner. Many attacks, however, are classed as misdemeanours as opposed to felonies. One hugely tragic case occurred in Heydi Hernandez, a Honduran lady in an abusive relationship. When she tried to leave, her partner ripped off her legs in a machete in front of their daughters. Instead of being locked up for life, he was charged with grievously bodily harm and would be out within months. Only 3% of domestic abuse cases are ever taken to court in Honduras. Another widespread issue is femicide, especially in the border city of Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. The bodies of hundreds of females have been found dumped around the region, many having come to violent ends and having been sexually assaulted. Though the number is unknown, it is believed to be very high. Nearly all of the perpetrators have gotten away with it, with the police being very inactive and many activists being murdered. Overall, the crime in Latin America is at extraordinary levels. For many, there is no hope in terms of economic success. Many migrants are low-income, coming from rural and impoverished areas where gangs control them and they are forced to part with money under threat. The gap between rich and poor is hugely significant, with the wealthy living in the security of gated communities under armed guard as the poor struggle with violent living. Brazil has the second highest income inequality in the world after South Africa, for example, showing a clear disparity. Economically, the region varies but it is far from the top economic area in the world. Argentina, a country with a fairly good economy by Latin American standards, is currently going through financial hardships and will be receiving an IMF bailout in the coming weeks. In other countries, the standard of living is not pleasant. The percentage of people living under the poverty line is roughly 38.2% in El Salvador, 59.3% in Guatemala and 60.9% in Honduras. The one that everyone is jumping to talk about is Venezuela. By the end of the year, its inflation rate will hit one million percent. Images of empty supermarkets, starving children and angry mobs fill the airwaves. After years of terrible economic policies and awful politicians, the average Venezuelan is unable to get medicine or get paid. For those who did GCSE history, think of an even worse Weimar Germany hyperinflation- 1kg of pasta is currently at 2.5 million bolivars. Thousands upon thousands of Venezuelans are fleeing from the country in every way they can, heading to surrounding countries in order to escape the brutality and economic uncertainty of their country. Democratic protesters have been beaten and fired upon by government forces for daring to question the very questionable 2018 presidential election. Many have rushed to neighbouring Colombia, hardly the picture of stability itself. A punch line for conservatives nowadays, it is still nevertheless a tragic set of circumstances. For many, arriving to America is fulfilling a dream of a better life. They will be protected from lawlessness and gangs (hopefully), whilst making a better living than they do in their native countries. Even low paying jobs are more stable than some of theirs. For those not fleeing with their family, they may save up money to send it back to them or earn enough in hopes of having their kin join them (though chain migration is under threat in the Trump administration). NGOs, international organisations and others have clammed together to ask for mercy, wanting a more relaxed border policy for what they perceive to be refugees. On the opposing side, arguments are made that they are merely economic migrants seeking to violate United States laws. Some are concerned by the perceived wealth of the migrants, the vast majority being men and whether they can properly be vetted. They are yet to arrive in the US but when they do, one knows that Trump will not sit around. Whether there will be a diplomatic resolution or government forces will step in no one knows. Regardless of your side of the argument, you cannot deny that Latin America has become somewhat lawless and economically downtrodden in its time. Escaping countries such as Honduras is a natural instinct, fair methods or not. When talking about migrant crises, it is essential to discuss the human factors behind them in order to make a fair decision. In many cases, the factors are far too complex for it to be a black or white situation. Many reading this will see it as black and white, though the grey will filter through for some readers. The question of them being allowed in is not up to the Mallard readers, but to powers much higher than our own. With this in mind, we will see a resolution that may not please everyone, but will be factored in by what has just been written. Tags: borderscaravanel salvadorguatemalahonduraslatin americamexicomigrantsmigrationrefugeestrumpvenezuela The NHS is a tool of authoritarianism │ Jake Scott A Bakery, A Wedding Cake, and the United States Supreme Court \| Karl Cooper Will the Next Republican Candidate Please Stand Up? \| Sarah Stook Next story Against a People’s Vote \| Luke Caldecott Previous story The Chorus of the Backbench \| Angus Gillan It’s About Saving Lives: In Favour of an Opt-out Donation System (Speech)│ Xenios Matjilla If our criminal ‘justice’ system was a human being, it would be on its knees│ Michael Curzon The Great Brexit Betrayal │ Simon Bonney The Gift of Owen Jones │ Jake Scott First Female President: Who’s it Going to Be? \| Sarah Stook	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1892
__label__cc	0.699197	0.300803	Success is a path not a destination The rat race “emerging artists” run today can sometimes make them forget what they’re supposed to be doing – observing, writing, recording and performing great songs, and connecting with people in a meaningful way. Voicing things that matter to other people, that change our lives and our world. Every artist has “spotlight moments” – milestone opportunities when they are in front of a large audience with an opportunity to gather a mass of fans quickly. And when I say “spotlight moments,” I don’t mean a spotlight one night on stage in one town. I mean, in the rare instance that a larger stage opens to an artist for a window in time, and they find themselves in front of thousands or millions of people with a platform on which to speak. What an artist (and their team) does in these moments can change the trajectory of the artist’s career and the reach of their music. So, you see, it’s not just about getting to the spotlight, it’s about what you do with it that counts. And it’s how you navigage, what compas guides you, and what you learn in the process of BEING an artist that prepares you for that moment. The artists who deliver when the spotlight is on them are on a mission. They have real material that supports the mission. They have more than one song, more than one thing to say, and they have explored the mission from many angles already. They are prepared to flex their muscles in all directions – live at the event, in promotion before and after the opportunity, online, through photography and video and social media. Extending the fingers of what they already created through at the core by writing and playing really great songs. Some of the most talented artists of our time never see that spotlight. Sometimes the artists who see that spotlight are not prepared, and some even are ridiculed for not being worthy. Sometimes it feels like a lottery. Sometimes it feels like fate. The other day, Oprah asked Simon Cowell if he believed in luck. He said yes, he believes in luck. Oprah said you make your own luck. I could totally understand why Simon Cowell believes in luck, and why Oprah would say you make your own. Anyone who has been in music as long as Simon has to believe in talent, savvy and luck. Because he’s seen enough to know that talent alone does not a pop star make. Savvy alone does not one make. Luck alone does not one make. But surely to be embraced by a nation seems lucky (on the outside). Let’s talk for a moment about what Oprah said though. You make your own luck. I suppose that’s what it feels like to be in music today – luck making. We just keep trying to carve out our place in music, our fans, our team, our songs. We trust the fact that the people we gravitate to networking with are the right people for us. We hope the wisdom of our choices in where we go coupled with the intent and serendipity of who we meet might pave the way to reaching more and more people with our music. In this post, I’m going to focus less on what it takes to get to that spotlight, and more on how you prepare now for that event should it happen to you, and what it means to seize that opportunity to build something meaningful and longterm. Often the rat race is all we can see – the networking, the travel, the phoners and conferences, and the most important lessons we are learning in the process can be missed. Several months ago, Bob Lefsetz wrote about the bands that were able to shine when this spotlight was turned on them, and the bands that crumpled under the pressure and attention. The bands that could follow up their first big song that hit the airwaves, and the bands that were one hit wonders. That entry from him has stuck with me – not because I agreed with everything he said, but because I’ve always felt at Market Monkeys we are investing in artists who are doing the work to become great at what they do first and foremost. I was encouraged when moved to think about what will happen when the spotlight shines on our artists – because I know that any Market Monkeys artist can and will rise to that occasion. In part because the spotlight moment itself is not their goal… Market Monkeys artists are on a lifelong journey. The songs and craft are at the center of that journey. And the fans know it. As a performing artist, you have to appreciate the work it takes you to get where you are going – you have to believe in your path as much as you believe in your potential and goals. It is the work you are doing now that will prepare you for each milestone moment you have to shine. I’m not saying you gotta love the driving and the crappy sound systems and the price of gas and the credit card dance. But each time you step on a stage in front of an audience that is twice as big as any audience you’ve played in front of before, you must know that all the rough gigs and other things that happened last week are what prepared you for that moment. If in that moment you can use what you learned in all those gigs, you will shine. The tough soundchecks you’ve had will make you a pro when you soundcheck for the big gig – and the way you handle that is just as important as the way you perform when the audience is listening. On that note, the sound emergencies you’ve had to deal with will make you be able to keep cool, calm and collected should anything happen while you are in the spotlight – and that speaks wonders. The spotty merch accounting situations you’ve had will make settling up easy when you finally deal with a professional merchandise manager. The tough interviewers you’ve had will make you able to interview yourself, and speak the question and the answer in your commentary when the big camera is on you. The grass roots videos you’ve made will help you be able to turn around video quickly, and seize every possible media exposure impression. The inexperienced promoters you sometimes run into now will instill in you a sense of responsibility for the success of your tours that leads the experienced promoters to respect you and want to work with you. The conversations you have at the merch table with fans now, will stay with you as the voice of your core fanbase for your entire career. SOME of the criticism you receive now will remain your charge to work on even as you grow. (but some if it is rubbish – your experience will help you determine what to let in and what to slough off) I think I’ll keep thinking of more of these and add them as they come to me… If you have some to add, please do respond! I’d love to hear what road learning has come in handy in moments like these. Above all… Remember you are a professional. Because if you’ve been paying your dues, observing astutely, taking note, honing your craft – then you are in this for the right reasons. Really, you are. It’s your songs, and your ability to write them and present them that will trump everything. And I mean EVERYTHING. So just let go. You were born to do this. HAVE FUN. AND in times when it’s not fun, RESOLVE TO LEARN. You are not working for something nebulous tomorrow – you are living your career today.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1893
__label__cc	0.71372	0.28628	Pam Morrison moves to Executive Director at MTRA After joining MTRA in the fall of 2014 as our Head Instructor at the Hillcrest School, then moving into the Program Director position in 2015, we were pleased to be able to promote Pam Morrison to the position of Executive Director in June 2018. A PATH Certified Instructor, Pam received her certification in 2009 while working at Harmony Farms in Rockledge, Florida, where she later became Program Director. After five years with Harmony Farms, Pam moved to Hidden Acres in Port St. John to help with a new equine program focusing on at-risk youth, as well as conducting riding lessons for all levels of dressage, hunter/jumper, trail and obstacle challenges for beginner through intermediate riders. Her love for the horse and passion for equine-assisted therapeutic riding brought her to MTRA. Pam studied at the University of Southern Maine and held a career in general management in the country club industry. She served on the PATH International National Conference Committee in 2013 as a chair of hospitality and entertainment. Pam also served on the committee for the PATH Regional Conference in 2012, held in Tampa. Pam has huge shoes to fill with the departure of our much loved Leslie Gettys, who recently resigned to return to her home state of Alabama due to personal commitments. But we are certain that she will be able to make this transition smoothly and effectively and the Board of Directors looks forward to continuing a great working relationship with Pam at the helm.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1897
__label__wiki	0.873581	0.873581	Mode Selection MUTEK 2008 performers Modeselektor in the Magazine Dimitri Nasrallah - May 01, 2008 By Dimitri Nasrallah Gernot Bronsert and Sebastian Szary of Modeselektor make the kind of music that fits everywhere and nowhere. They duo freewheel through genres and styles at a pace that verges somewhere between giddiness and an attention deficit disorder, but that’s the charm of listening to albums like 2005’s Hello Mom! and 2007’s Happy Birthday!. Modeselektor discard the uniformity and specialization that qualifies much of the techno scene. To add to their eclecticism of sound, they’ve got a peculiar sense of humour that plasters their album covers and promotional photos, not to mention those persistent exclamation marks that underscore their titles. Two albums in, Modeselektor gives the impression that they're not about to select a mode; making choices and sacrificing favorites doesn’t appear to be part of this group’s vocabulary. Their open approach to the grab-bag of IDM, hip-hop, dancehall, straight-up techno, and even emotive ambience is accentuated by a cavalry of collaborators: everyone from Paul St. Hilaire (of Rhythm & Sound notoriety) to the digital assault of Otto Von Schirach to French rappers TTC has a place on a Modeselektor album. If anything, these collaborators often stretch the duo's range. But these methods are just how Modeselektor works. “It happened quite naturally,” Sebastian Szary wrote in an email interview conducted last fall, around the time of the release of their anticipated second album. “We didn't throw a casting show or a competition or something like that. Most of the artists are friends and we hung out a lot, having beers, talking about possible collaborations.” True to form, most of their collaborators share the same “everything but the kitchen sink” attitude Modeselektor prizes. “With TTC, they guested on "Dancing Box" on our first album and we guested on "Une Bande de Mecs Sympa" on their album, 3615 TTC. We all knew there had to be a follow-up. It's a never-ending story with them, it seems.” Canadian expat Gonzales also shares their warped humour, and the rapping marionettes of Puppetmastaz seemed a perfect fit for Happy Birthday!. “Puppetmastaz have always been on our list of wanted collaborations. Those dudes are awesome, no matter whether they’re on stage or in the studio.” “Otto von Schirach is a friend of ours as well,” Szary continues. “We hung out at DEMF in Detroit last year and played a show together, which was great. The guy rocks. This is how most of the collaborations came around - meeting, eating, drinking, and then working together.” It’s not hard to imagine Modeselektor as friendly guys who are willing to have a drink or meal with anyone to pass the time between gigs on tour. Even their recordings have an inviting appeal that doesn't require the prerequisite of genre expertise. And that approachability, not to mention a killer live shows, has won Bronsert and Szary fans from unlikely corners. Without question, the most high profile among them is Radiohead’s Thom Yorke, an early and vocal supporter of the duo and the elephant in the room for anyone interviewing them. More than just a famous fan who offers tacit support, Thom Yorke has been actively talking up the band every chance he gets for years now. It's gotten to the point where onne wonders if the duo would have experienced the success they've had without Yorke's endorsement. When his solo album The Eraser came out last year, Modeselektor were brought on board for remix duty. He repaid the favor by appearing as guest vocalist on Happy Birthday!, and this coming July the duo gets the opportunity to open for Radiohead on one of the dates of their world tour, surely their biggest shows to date. “Over the years, Thom placed our tracks in his charts regularly and last year he asked us for a remix of his The Eraser,” Szary writes. “We were really proud and tried our best to give him a great remix. We then asked him if he would sing on one of our tracks - and he did it, even though he was recording a new Radiohead album at this point and didn't have much time. So this is why he sings, "You have all the time in the world". Great!” Great, indeed. But Thoma Yorke aside, it's really their zeal for the ambitious, wide-ranging package that gets the ball rolling; it helps to be good at what you do, and Happy Birthday! is a more cohesive and stirring set than 2005's Hello Mom!. Bronsert and Szary have picked up a lot of experience in the interlude between their debut and sophomore albums. "We are older and maybe even more mature,” Szary concedes. “This album was produced under different circumstances, and this is probably the main difference. We finished the album in a pretty short period of time and only worked during the day. One could say that the album is full of energy, sunlight, like a ripe orange. We didn't use a studio this time, and worked at Gernot's house instead. We had to stop in the evenings because of our pregnant girlfriends waiting for us at home. Edgar, Gernot's cat, was our biggest fan during that time!” Now that the record is well behind them and the reception has been more than good, Modeselektor find themselves back on the road, splitting pitchers, sharing food, and making new friends and collaborators along the way. To be fair, the stage is where Modeselektor really state their case. They wrangle an energy that fires up an audience like few other can. “For us, it has always been important to play unexpected live sets,” Szary writes. “It doesn’t matter if we have a sudden change of style or tempo or pour five bottles of champagne over the audience. The message (in the words of Scooter) is: "I want to see you sweat! I said, I want to see you sweat!” Fair enough. One may not share their peculiar sense of humour, but that's not so important in the end. What's hard not to share is their energy, and most of all their singularity. Bpitch Control MUTEKLIVE145 - Orphx belief defect // unnatural instinct	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1899
__label__cc	0.696853	0.303147	The day I walked into Planet Fitness I weighed 315 pounds. I was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and I wanted to do something about it. Joining Planet Fitness may have saved my life. Since the first day I walked into Planet Fitness and started doing a workout program, I’ve lost 50lbs and have dropped several clothes sizes! I feel great. Everyone who sees me now tells me how good I look. All I can say to Planet Fitness is thank you for a great place to work out! The maintenance and promotion of health is achieved through different combination of physical, mental, and social well-being, together sometimes referred to as the "health triangle."[24][25] The WHO's 1986 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion further stated that health is not just a state, but also "a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities."[26] ^ Mangano, Kelsey M.; Sahni, Shivani; Kiel, Douglas P.; Tucker, Katherine L.; Dufour, Alyssa B.; Hannan, Marian T. (February 8, 2017). "Dietary protein is associated with musculoskeletal health independently of dietary pattern: the Framingham Third Generation Study". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 105 (3): 714–722. doi:10.3945/ajcn.116.136762. PMC 5320406. PMID 28179224 – via ajcn.nutrition.org. I was diagnosed with autism when I was 7 years old and I have been bullied badly, even out in public. So when I got my membership in March of 2013 I was scared of getting bullied. Been going since then and NOT ONCE have I gotten picked on. The staff doesn’t care. They watch out for me. They greet me with my first name. ‘Hi Jacob, how are you?’ I feel safe and I feel independent. I put on muscle. I LOVE Planet Fitness. In 1990, professional wrestling promoter Vince McMahon announced that he was forming a new bodybuilding organization named the World Bodybuilding Federation (WBF). McMahon wanted to bring WWF-style showmanship and bigger prize money to the sport of bodybuilding. A number of IFBB stars were recruited but the roster was never very large and featured the same athletes competing; the most notable winner and first WBF champion was Gary Strydom. McMahon formally dissolved the WBF in July 1992. Reasons for this reportedly included lack of income from the pay-per-view broadcasts of the contests, slow sales of the WBF's magazine Bodybuilding Lifestyles (later WBF Magazine), and the expense of paying multiple six-figure contracts while producing two TV shows and a monthly magazine. In the UK, up to 5% of the general population is underweight, but more than 10% of those with lung or gastrointestinal diseases and who have recently had surgery.[29] According to data in the UK using the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool ('MUST'), which incorporates unintentional weight loss, more than 10% of the population over the age of 65 is at risk of malnutrition.[29] A high proportion (10–60%) of hospital patients are also at risk, along with a similar proportion in care homes.[29] Gastrointestinal disorders are another common cause of unexplained weight loss – in fact they are the most common non-cancerous cause of idiopathic weight loss.[citation needed] Possible gastrointestinal etiologies of unexplained weight loss include: celiac disease, peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease (crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis), pancreatitis, gastritis, diarrhea and many other GI conditions. Intensive weight training causes micro-tears to the muscles being trained; this is generally known as microtrauma. These micro-tears in the muscle contribute to the soreness felt after exercise, called delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). It is the repair of these micro-traumas that results in muscle growth. Normally, this soreness becomes most apparent a day or two after a workout. However, as muscles become adapted to the exercises, soreness tends to decrease.[22] Weight training aims to build muscle by prompting two different types of hypertrophy: sarcoplasmic and myofibrillar. Sarcoplasmic hypertrophy leads to larger muscles and so is favored by bodybuilders more than myofibrillar hypertrophy, which builds athletic strength. Sarcoplasmic hypertrophy is triggered by increasing repetitions, whereas myofibrillar hypertrophy is triggered by lifting heavier weight.[23] In either case, there is an increase in both size and strength of the muscles (compared to what happens if that same individual does not lift weights at all), however, the emphasis is different. Many non-competitive bodybuilders choose not to adopt this conventional strategy, as it often results in significant unwanted fat gain during the "bulking" phase. The attempt to increase muscle mass in one's body without any gain in fat is called clean bulking. Competitive bodybuilders focus their efforts to achieve a peak appearance during a brief "competition season".[citation needed] Clean bulking takes longer and is a more refined approach to achieving the body fat and muscle mass percentage a person is looking for. A common tactic for keeping fat low and muscle mass high would be to have higher calorie and lower calorie days to maintain a balance between gain and loss. Many clean bulk diets start off with a moderate amount of carbs, moderate amount of protein, and a decently low amount of fats. "Gaining lean muscle means going for leaner cuts of meat, like flank steaks and fillets, chicken, and, of course, fish," says White[who?]. "Enjoy your meat with some starch: rice, beans, quinoa, whole-grain couscous, or sweet potato, for example".[20] To maintain a clean bulk it is important to reach calorie goals every day. Macronutrient goals will be different for each person, but, it is ideal to get as close as possible. ^ Burd, Nicholas A.; Yang, Yifan; Moore, Daniel R.; Tang, Jason E.; Tarnopolsky, Mark A.; Phillips, Stuart M. (2012). "Greater stimulation of myofibrillar protein synthesis with ingestion of whey protein isolate v. Micellar casein at rest and after resistance exercise in elderly men". British Journal of Nutrition. 108 (6): 958–62. doi:10.1017/S0007114511006271. PMID 22289570. Just as there was a shift from viewing disease as a state to thinking of it as a process, the same shift happened in definitions of health. Again, the WHO played a leading role when it fostered the development of the health promotion movement in the 1980s. This brought in a new conception of health, not as a state, but in dynamic terms of resiliency, in other words, as "a resource for living". 1984 WHO revised the definition of health defined it as "the extent to which an individual or group is able to realize aspirations and satisfy needs and to change or cope with the environment. Health is a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept, emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities".[10] Thus, health referred to the ability to maintain homeostasis and recover from insults. Mental, intellectual, emotional and social health referred to a person's ability to handle stress, to acquire skills, to maintain relationships, all of which form resources for resiliency and independent living.[9] This opens up many possibilities for health to be taught, strengthened and learned. Overtraining occurs when a bodybuilder has trained to the point where his workload exceeds his recovery capacity. There are many reasons why overtraining occurs, including lack of adequate nutrition, lack of recovery time between workouts, insufficient sleep, and training at a high intensity for too long (a lack of splitting apart workouts). Training at a high intensity too frequently also stimulates the central nervous system (CNS) and can result in a hyperadrenergic state that interferes with sleep patterns.[52] To avoid overtraining, intense frequent training must be met with at least an equal amount of purposeful recovery. Timely provision of carbohydrates, proteins, and various micronutrients such as vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, even nutritional supplements are acutely critical. A mental disorder, informally called “bigorexia” (by analogy with anorexia), may account for overtraining in some individuals. Sufferers feel as if they are never big enough or muscular enough, which forces them to overtrain in order to try and reach their goal physique.[53] ^ Mann, T; Tomiyama, AJ; Westling, E; Lew, AM; Samuels, B; Chatman, J (April 2007). "Medicare's search for effective obesity treatments: diets are not the answer". The American Psychologist. 62 (3): 220–33. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.666.7484. doi:10.1037/0003-066x.62.3.220. PMID 17469900. In sum, there is little support for the notion that diets ["severely restricting one’s calorie intake"] lead to lasting weight loss or health benefits. On January 16, 1904, the first large-scale bodybuilding competition in America took place at Madison Square Garden in New York City. The competition was promoted by Bernarr Macfadden, the father of physical culture and publisher of original bodybuilding magazines such as Health & Strength. The winner was Al Treloar, who was declared "The Most Perfectly Developed Man in the World".[5] Treloar won a $1,000 cash prize, a substantial sum at that time. Two weeks later, Thomas Edison made a film of Treloar's posing routine. Edison had also made two films of Sandow a few years before. Those were the first three motion pictures featuring a bodybuilder. In the early 20th century, Macfadden and Charles Atlas continued to promote bodybuilding across the world. Alois P. Swoboda was an early pioneer in America. The best diet for losing weight is Weight Watchers, according to the experts who rated the diets below for U.S. News. Volumetrics came in second, and the Flexitarian Diet, Jenny Craig and the vegan diet were third on this overall weight loss ranking list, which takes into account short-term and long-term weight loss scores. Some other diets performed as well or better in our rankings for enabling fast weight loss, but long-term weight loss is more important for your health.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1900
__label__cc	0.7309	0.2691	Contrary to certain rumors that animal-based protein is more suitable to trigger muscle growth than plant-based protein, a study by Mangano et al. (2017) could not provide any evidence for this. In contrast, if combined properly, plant-based protein can even have a higher biological quality. A combination of one part wheat protein (e.g. seitan) and two parts soy protein (e.g. tofu) has thus been favored by many bodybuilders. Some bodybuilders, such as Patrik Baboumian and Robert Cheeke, follow a strict vegan diet.[37] Public health has been described as "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals."[52] It is concerned with threats to the overall health of a community based on population health analysis. The population in question can be as small as a handful of people or as large as all the inhabitants of several continents (for instance, in the case of a pandemic). Public health has many sub-fields, but typically includes the interdisciplinary categories of epidemiology, biostatistics and health services. Environmental health, community health, behavioral health, and occupational health are also important areas of public health. Organized interventions to improve health based on the principles and procedures developed through the health sciences are provided by practitioners trained in medicine, nursing, nutrition, pharmacy, social work, psychology, occupational therapy, physical therapy and other health care professions. Clinical practitioners focus mainly on the health of individuals, while public health practitioners consider the overall health of communities and populations. Workplace wellness programs are increasingly adopted by companies for their value in improving the health and well-being of their employees, as are school health services in order to improve the health and well-being of children. Bodybuilding became more popular in the 1950s and 1960s with the emergence of strength and gymnastics champions, and the simultaneous popularization of bodybuilding magazines, training principles, nutrition for bulking up and cutting down, the use of protein and other food supplements, and the opportunity to enter physique contests. The number of bodybuilding organizations grew, and most notably the International Federation of Bodybuilders (IFBB) was founded in 1946 by Canadian brothers Joe and Ben Weider. Other bodybuilding organizations included the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU), National Amateur Bodybuilding Association (NABBA), and the World Bodybuilding Guild (WBBG). Consequently, the male-dominated contests grew both in number and in size. Besides the many "Mr. XXX" (insert town, city, state, or region) championships, the most prestigious titles[according to whom?] were Mr. America, Mr. World, Mr. Universe, Mr. Galaxy, and ultimately Mr. Olympia, which was started in 1965 by the IFBB and is now considered the most important bodybuilding competition in the world. The bulking and cutting strategy is effective because there is a well-established link between muscle hypertrophy and being in a state of positive energy balance.[19] A sustained period of caloric surplus will allow the athlete to gain more fat-free mass than they could otherwise gain under eucaloric conditions. Some gain in fat mass is expected, which athletes seek to oxidize in a cutting period while maintaining as much lean mass as possible. The environment is often cited as an important factor influencing the health status of individuals. This includes characteristics of the natural environment, the built environment and the social environment. Factors such as clean water and air, adequate housing, and safe communities and roads all have been found to contribute to good health, especially to the health of infants and children.[18][29] Some studies have shown that a lack of neighborhood recreational spaces including natural environment leads to lower levels of personal satisfaction and higher levels of obesity, linked to lower overall health and well being.[30] This suggests that the positive health benefits of natural space in urban neighborhoods should be taken into account in public policy and land use. Systematic activities to prevent or cure health problems and promote good health in humans are undertaken by health care providers. Applications with regard to animal health are covered by the veterinary sciences. The term "healthy" is also widely used in the context of many types of non-living organizations and their impacts for the benefit of humans, such as in the sense of healthy communities, healthy cities or healthy environments. In addition to health care interventions and a person's surroundings, a number of other factors are known to influence the health status of individuals, including their background, lifestyle, and economic, social conditions and spirituality; these are referred to as "determinants of health." Studies have shown that high levels of stress can affect human health.[15] Many teens suffer from mental health issues in response to the pressures of society and social problems they encounter. Some of the key mental health issues seen in teens are: depression, eating disorders, and drug abuse. There are many ways to prevent these health issues from occurring such as communicating well with a teen suffering from mental health issues. Mental health can be treated and be attentive to teens' behavior.[39] The important role of nutrition in building muscle and losing fat means bodybuilders may consume a wide variety of dietary supplements.[42] Various products are used in an attempt to augment muscle size, increase the rate of fat loss, improve joint health, increase natural testosterone production, enhance training performance and prevent potential nutrient deficiencies. Generally, the context in which an individual lives is of great importance for both his health status and quality of their life It is increasingly recognized that health is maintained and improved not only through the advancement and application of health science, but also through the efforts and intelligent lifestyle choices of the individual and society. According to the World Health Organization, the main determinants of health include the social and economic environment, the physical environment and the person's individual characteristics and behaviors.[18] Suicidal thoughts or actions. Topiramate, an ingredient in Qsymia, may cause you to have suicidal thoughts or actions. Call your healthcare provider right away if you have any of these symptoms, especially if they are new, worse, or worry you: thoughts about suicide or dying; attempts to commit suicide; new or worse depression; new or worse anxiety; feeling agitated or restless; panic attacks; trouble sleeping (insomnia); new or worse irritability; acting aggressive, being angry, or violent; acting on dangerous impulses; an extreme increase in activity or talking (mania); other unusual changes in behavior or mood. In contrast to strongman or powerlifting competitions, where physical strength is paramount, or to Olympic weightlifting, where the main point is equally split between strength and technique, bodybuilding competitions typically emphasize condition, size, and symmetry. Different organizations emphasize particular aspects of competition, and sometimes have different categories in which to compete. The great positive impact of public health programs is widely acknowledged. Due in part to the policies and actions developed through public health, the 20th century registered a decrease in the mortality rates for infants and children and a continual increase in life expectancy in most parts of the world. For example, it is estimated that life expectancy has increased for Americans by thirty years since 1900,[55] and worldwide by six years since 1990.[56] In 2008 between US$33 billion and $55 billion was spent annually in the US on weight-loss products and services, including medical procedures and pharmaceuticals, with weight-loss centers taking between 6 and 12 percent of total annual expenditure. Over $1.6 billion a year was spent on weight-loss supplements. About 70 percent of Americans' dieting attempts are of a self-help nature.[23][24]	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1901
__label__cc	0.529781	0.470219	‡The results presented here are from the combined studies supporting FDA approval of Qsymia. Qsymia was studied in 2 large trials that involved 3754 patients whose BMI was 27 kg/m2 or greater. The average baseline weight of the subjects in the 2 studies was 256 lbs and 227 lbs. Patients were randomized to placebo, phentermine 3.75 mg/topiramate 23 mg, phentermine 7.5 mg/topiramate 46 mg, or phentermine 15 mg/topiramate 92 mg. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Payne, C; Wiffen, PJ; Martin, S (18 January 2012). Payne, Cathy (ed.). "Interventions for fatigue and weight loss in adults with advanced progressive illness". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 1: CD008427. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008427.pub2. PMID 22258985. (Retracted, see doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008427.pub3. If this is an intentional citation to a retracted paper, please replace {{Retracted}} with {{Retracted\|intentional=yes}}.) Continuing weight loss may deteriorate into wasting, a vaguely defined condition called cachexia.[30] Cachexia differs from starvation in part because it involves a systemic inflammatory response.[30] It is associated with poorer outcomes.[25][30][31] In the advanced stages of progressive disease, metabolism can change so that they lose weight even when they are getting what is normally regarded as adequate nutrition and the body cannot compensate. This leads to a condition called anorexia cachexia syndrome (ACS) and additional nutrition or supplementation is unlikely to help.[27] Symptoms of weight loss from ACS include severe weight loss from muscle rather than body fat, loss of appetite and feeling full after eating small amounts, nausea, anemia, weakness and fatigue.[27] In the last week leading up to a contest, bodybuilders usually decrease their consumption of water, sodium, and carbohydrates, the former two to alter how water is retained by the body and the latter to reduce glycogen in the muscle. The day before the show, water is removed from the diet, and diuretics may be introduced, while carbohydrate loading is undertaken to increase the size of the muscles through replenishment of their glycogen. The goal is to maximize leanness and increase the visibility of veins, or "vascularity". The muscular definition and vascularity are further enhanced immediately before appearing on stage by darkening the skin through tanning products and applying oils to the skin to increase shine. Some competitors will eat sugar-rich foods to increase the visibility of their veins. A final step, called "pumping", consists in performing exercises with light weights or other kinds of low resistance (for instance two athletes can "pump" each other by holding a towel and pulling in turn), just before the contest, to fill the muscles with blood and further increase their size and density. Many governments view occupational health as a social challenge and have formed public organizations to ensure the health and safety of workers. Examples of these include the British Health and Safety Executive and in the United States, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, which conducts research on occupational health and safety, and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, which handles regulation and policy relating to worker safety and health.[63][64][65] Some bodybuilders use drugs such as anabolic steroids and precursor substances such as prohormones to increase muscle hypertrophy. Anabolic steroids cause hypertrophy of both types (I and II) of muscle fibers, likely caused by an increased synthesis of muscle proteins. They also provoke undesired side effects including hepatotoxicity, gynecomastia, acne, the early onset of male pattern baldness and a decline in the body's own testosterone production, which can cause testicular atrophy.[43][44][45] Other performance-enhancing substances used by competitive bodybuilders include human growth hormone (HGH), which can cause acromegaly. Public health also takes various actions to limit the health disparities between different areas of the country and, in some cases, the continent or world. One issue is the access of individuals and communities to health care in terms of financial, geographical or socio-cultural constraints to accessing and using services.[54] Applications of the public health system include the areas of maternal and child health, health services administration, emergency response, and prevention and control of infectious and chronic diseases. https://buzzingoffer.tumblr.com/	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1902
__label__cc	0.566446	0.433554	HomeSchoolsPoetry is a snap for some Monroe Country Day School students Poetry is a snap for some Monroe Country Day School students January 26, 2017 Sharon Swanepoel Schools 3 Performers at the first Monroe Country Day School Poetry Reading, from left, fourth-grade teacher Judy Sanders, students Zack Kirkman, Trevor Harris, Zach Music, Vincent Tonelli, Brooks Malcom, Jazlyn Atkinson, Ava Aaron and founder Dr. Rita Dickinson. Photo credit: Sharon Swanepoel The first poetry reading of fourth and fifth-grade students from Monroe Country Day School took place at The Cotton Cafe in downtown Monroe Tuesday – and by all accounts it was a “snapping” success. “This is our first annual Coffee House Poetry Reading,” said Dr. Rita Dickinson, founder of MCDS. “The idea came when our fourth-grade teacher Judy Sanders asked me to listen to some of the poetry our students had written. I was floored.” Dickinson said she and Sanders couldn’t believe the how far the students had come in such a short time and they decided to give the students the opportunity to share their poetry with others in the community. The audience, including the students, adopted the traditional response to a poetry reading of snapping their appreciation instead of clapping. Attendees snapped their appreciation of the young poets. Photo credit: Sharon Swanepoel According to research, the snapping at a poetry reading is something that took hold back in the 1950s when poetry was read at coffee houses, sometimes with people living in the apartments above. The snapping was a way of showing appreciation without disturbing the residents who may be sleeping. Another story is that it is difficult to clap with a beer in your hand, hence the snapping with the other hand. That, however, was not a problem the young poets had to contend with. They happily snapped with both hands to show their appreciation for their classmates’ talents. Monroe Country Day School student Trevor Harris “snaps” his appreciate for the work of a fellow student poet. Photo credit: Sharon Swanepoel The budding young poets proudly read their pieces to the dinner crowd. It was a sold-out ticketed event that gave those in attendance an opportunity to see the progress of students at MCDS, which is coming to an end of its inaugural year. Monroe Country Day School founder, Dr. Rita Dickerson, at the Poetry reading for some of the students. Photo credit: Sharon Swanepoel The school is the realization of a dream for Dickinson who retired from the Walton County School District. Former WCSD Superintendent, Joe Bradley, just happened to walk in on the poetry reading event and took the opportunity to say how impressed he was with progress in Walton County, complimenting the young poets. Joe Bradley, a former superintendent of Walton County School District, took the opportunity for an impromptu address of the attendees at the first annual Coffee House Poetry Reading of Monroe Country Day School students at the Cotton Cafe. Photo credit: Sharon Swanepoel Judy Sanders, fourth-grade teacher at Monroe County Day School in Monroe, Ga. at the first annual Coffee House Poetry Reading. Photo credit: Sharon Swanepoel Trevor Harris, a student at Monroe County Day School in Monroe, reads some of his poetry at the Cotton Cafe in Monroe, Ga. on Jan. 24, 2017. Jazlyn Atkinson, a student at Monroe County Day School in Monroe, reads some of her poetry at the Cotton Cafe in Monroe, Ga. on Jan. 24, 2017. Brooks Malcom, a student at Monroe County Day School in Monroe, reads some of his poetry at the Cotton Cafe in Monroe, Ga. on Jan. 24, 2017. Ava Aaron, a student at Monroe County Day School in Monroe, reads some of her poetry at the Cotton Cafe in Monroe, Ga. on Jan. 24, 2017. Zack Kirkman, a student at Monroe County Day School in Monroe, reads some of his poetry at the Cotton Cafe in Monroe, Ga. on Jan. 24, 2017. Vincent Tonelli, a student at Monroe Country Day School, shares the podium with fourth-grade teacher Judy Sanders. Photo credit: Sharon Swanepoel Zack Music, a student at Monroe Country Day School, shares the podium with teacher Judy Sanders. Photo credit: Sharon Swanepoel MCDS offers a model different from other traditional public and private schools in the county. “Children are taught by using strategies that promote growth in character and becoming independent thinkers through a balance of scholarly enterprise and active participation in service learning and the arts,” Dickinson said when the school first prepared to open its door. As is the case with a garden children take care of at MCDS, events like the poetry writing and reading is another way to expand on the children’s education. It showcased the children’s individuality, character and in some cases sense of humor. It also gave them an opportunity to support each other when nerves took over. 3 Comments on Poetry is a snap for some Monroe Country Day School students Lori Duff January 26, 2017 at 2:06 pm What a wonderful opportunity for these young folks. I’m sorry I missed it! Ann Deloney January 26, 2017 at 3:46 pm Wish I could have bee there!! What is the possibility of putting the poems together in the form of a booklet, as a keepsake for the students and for those of us who missed the reading? Sharon Swanepoel January 26, 2017 at 3:58 pm I will let Dr. Dickinson know. But if not, this was the first annual – so there will be another one next year.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1905
__label__wiki	0.815883	0.815883	Author: Nina Boichenko The far right’s disproportionate influence In Ukraine the majority of the population remains pro-European. Yet, there is a visibly growing influence of marginal far right groups who aim to reshape politics and mainstream discourse. Society either does not notice the effects or it considers these groups as overly emotional patriots. After all, for a country immersed in war, nationalism should serve as a force to unite against the enemy. After the Revolution of Dignity, many new nationalist parties have appeared on the Ukrainian political arena. While none of them have managed to become a serious political force, some are finding support by successfully blending into the patriotic trend, deftly playing on Ukrainians’ wartime pains. Despite its pro-European origins, the EuroMaidan has spawned a number of conflicting trends. The power of the democratic, liberal protest and the civil struggle for justice was intercepted and replaced by conservatism and the status quo. Right-wing radicals have made use of the tense revolutionary situation in which people appreciate the strong, dedicated nationalist movement that has since emerged, one which first protected the protesters from government forces and then joined the fight against the Russian-supported separatists in Donbas. April 26, 2018 - Nina Boichenko Inside Ukraine’s ideological renewal The Cossack House is a vibrant community centre founded in April 2016 by young nationalist activists. It is widely known for being a civil bastion of the radical Azov movement, dedicated to promoting right-wing views and bringing about a rebirth of Ukrainian nationalism. October 4, 2017 - Nina Boichenko	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1907
__label__wiki	0.987463	0.987463	Sen. Norm Coleman His job is to keep Coleman focused DFL Sen. Mark Dayton View full slideshow Coleman takes Senate oath Can Coleman "get it done?" Sen. Norm Coleman starts his first full week in the U.S. Senate Monday, where he will try to keep his campaign promise to "Get it done," despite the highly partisan tone in Washington. (MPR file photo) Republican Norm Coleman begins his first full week as a U.S. senator Monday. The former St. Paul mayor campaigned for Senate on a "Get it done" theme, telling Minnesotans they should expect politicians to work together, regardless of party affiliation. Coleman faces many opportunities and challenges as he tries to keep that promise. Washington, D.C. — For a freshman, Sen. Norm Coleman enters Washington remarkably well-connected. And it's not just his close ties to the Bush administration. The new Senate majority leader, Tennessee Republican Bill Frist, worked with the White House to persuade Coleman to run. He also headed the National Republican Senatorial Committee, and in that role Frist assisted the Coleman campaign from start to finish. Coleman says that will make a difference now that he's in the Senate. "I'm in a very good position to do good things for my state and my country. We have a president who's a friend, I'm in the majority which is a good thing, and we have a Senate majority leader who is a friend," Coleman says. "So I think there's opportunity here. The challenge always is to convert opportunity to reality." Coleman is on the Foreign Relations, Agriculture, Government Affairs and Small Business committees. He says the best advice he received when he was elected St. Paul mayor was to focus on a few primary areas. As mayor, he paid particular attention to increasing jobs and redeveloping the city's riverfront. In Washington, Coleman says he will continue to focus on job creation. He says he'll look for ways to improve the relationship between state and local governments and the federal government. Coleman says he's also interested in rural development, national security and health care. Al Eisele, publisher of The Hill, a weekly Washington newspaper about Congress, says Coleman is uniquely positioned as a new senator because of his connections on both ends of Pennsylvania Ave. Eisele says those friendships -- and the national spotlight that shined on Minnesota's Senate election following Paul Wellstone's death -- leave Coleman well known in Washington. "He comes with a lot of attention paid to him because of the unusual and tragic circumstances under which he was elected -- and the fact that he beat a Democratic icon, Vice President Mondale -- so he's not coming here just as an ordinary freshman." "When we walked through right after the election, when he and I would walk through downtown Washington D.C. -- not Capitol Hill -- people on the street were coming up and congratulating him and talking with him. He really has a high visibility," says Tom Mason, Coleman's chief of staff. Despite his fame, Coleman says he will try to watch and listen early on in his Senate career and follow majority leader Frist's agenda, rather than establishing one of his own. Tom Mason has 15 years of Washington experience. His resume includes positions with former Minnesota Republican Sen. Rudy Boschwitz and former South Dakota Sen. James Abdnor. Mason says it's his job to ensure Coleman focuses on priorities. "There's an expertise that's required about knowing the Hill, knowing parliamentary procedure, knowing how the committees work, which is important," says Mason. "But the more important expertise is how to leverage your relationships, how to be able to find the phone call that says, 'OK, tell me what's really happening. What can we do? How can we get something done?'" Al Eisele Already, Mason says he's been working with Democratic Sen. Mark Dayton's office. Coleman says his pledge to reach across party lines definitely applies to Minnesota's senior senator. Despite their ideological differences, Dayton predicts Coleman will do well in the Senate. "We'll be working together on committees, and we'll be working on legislation that we can agree on. There will be times when we will disagree, and we'll do so," says Dayton. "But most of all, we need to make sure we're doing the best job we both can -- individually and together -- for Minnesota." Al Eisele from The Hill says Coleman's pledge to change the tone in Washington is an impossible task, especially in the context of an upcoming presidential election. "We're going into the 2004 election and the campaign has already started here. Bipartisanship lasts about one day, which is the first day of swearing-in, and it didn't hardly even last that long this time. You're going to see plenty of political warfare," Eisele says. Coleman's still talking about getting things done. But he's beginning to temper the pledge, in acknowledgment of the political realities of his new job. "I always worry. That's why I stay thin," Coleman says with a laugh. "We'll give it a shot and see if it works."	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1908
__label__wiki	0.979112	0.979112	Blowing for a cause (story audio) Playing at Wal-Mart Bob Greenberg plays the tuba Family band Northland Youth Music Program - music camp directed by Bob Greenberg Blowing for a cause by Chris Julin, Minnesota Public Radio The Greenbergs played at Wal-Mart this month to raise money for local charities. Sometimes they play outside, even in December. (MPR Photo/Chris Julin) Bob Greenberg and his sons all play horns. They play as a quartet around Duluth and Superior. They like classical music, and jazz, and they're working up some klezmer tunes. At home, they celebrate Hanukkah. But this time of year, they play Christmas music, and they play it for the Salvation Army. Duluth, Minn. — At the Wal-Mart in Superior, Wisc., just across the harbor from Duluth, the aisles are full of people pushing carts loaded with Barbie dolls and Gameboys. At the back of the store, Bob Greenberg and his three sons are warming up. They've squeezed their chairs into an opening between the baby clothes and a rack of brassieres. Half-a-dozen shoppers stop in the aisle and listen to the Greenbergs' rendition of "Joy to the World." One woman applauds. Another drops a dollar into the metal donation pail. The Greenbergs started playing for the Salvation Army last year to raise money for the food shelf in Superior. The food shelf was running low, and the Greenbergs decided to help out. They didn't play music at first -- they just gathered donations. Then one day, they hauled their instruments down to a grocery store, and they played at the Salvation Army kettle in the parking lot. "When we didn't play, people stopped dropping money," Bob Greenberg says. "And as soon as we started playing, the interest and the excitement picked up, and all of a sudden money was dropping rapidly into the kettle." So he decided they should try again. He and the boys brought their instruments to a shopping mall. When they finished playing, the kettle had $500 in it. Bob Greenberg plays the tuba in the family quartet. He learned when he was a kid, but he set it aside for 20 years. His son Josh got him hooked on the tuba again. When Josh was six years old, he asked for a saxophone. Josh says his dad bought him one. "We still have video tapes of him trying to make me play," Josh says. "I used to hide under the piano bench because I used to hate practicing." Josh laughs, and points at his brothers. "Then he started up, and he started up, and my father finally picked it up, too," he says. Now, no one has to drag the Greenberg boys out from under the piano bench to play. They play in their high school band. They play at a local college. David, the trumpeter, plays with the Duluth-Superior Youth Symphony. They grumble about the charity gigs their dad sets up. David's especially sour on playing outside in December. "Oh my god," he says, rolling his eyes. "You're putting a piece of metal to your lips. It's always better to be inside." David Greenberg complains about it, but he does play outside -- with the family, and on his own. A while a go he signed up with the VFW to play taps at veterans' funerals. There aren't enough trumpeters to go around. David says he got paid the first time he played at a funeral. "So I told them, I'm not going to get paid for this anymore because I feel bad," he says. "So I'm just going to do it for the heck of it, because I feel it's a good thing to do." The quartet plays another tune. It's a complex, haunting arrangement of "The Huron Carol". A small girl and her mother stand a few feet away, listening. Bob Greenberg says it's a blast playing music with his kids. "You keep on telling your kids that there was a simpler time when you were young, and you did caroling around the neighborhoods," he says. "You know, it's not there anymore." He says his family is "fortunate," and that's another reason they play for donations. "We are definitely not made of money," he says. "But we could be so much worse off. I just figure if I can give to people that really need it worse than I do, then I've done something good." Bob Greenberg and his wife Carrie coordinate a summer music camp. More than 300 kids from Minnesota and Wisconsin some to Superior for the camp. Fifty of those kids get to come without paying tuition. Last year, the camp was short nearly $2000, so Bob Greenberg paid the difference out of the salary he gets as a nurse. Last year, when the Greenbergs were playing outside a shopping mall, a woman walked up and gave Bob Greenberg a pair of gloves. He still carries the gloves in his tuba case. He says they'll come in handy later this month, when he and his sons are back in the shopping mall parking lot playing at the Salvation Army kettle. Hong Kong protests challenge China with no end in sight St. Louis Park reinstates Pledge of Allegiance at meetings amid protest 'It's like catching Pokemon': 5 tips for bird-watching in Minnesota Americans want to spend time outdoors, but work stands in the way Coming up on Women of Faith: Using meditation to counter anxiety	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1909
__label__wiki	0.699187	0.699187	Tag: Miriam Cutler Ep. 36: Collaboration and Paying it Forward with Lolita Ritmanis lolitaritmanis.com Lolita Ritmanis is an Emmy-award winning composer, with a long and distinguished career writing music for TV and film. She has been nominated 10 times for an Emmy, and won for the Warner Bros. series “Batman Beyond.” Throughout her composing career, she has worked with the greats such as Michael Kamen, Basil Poledouris, and Mark Snow, along with many others, and was mentored by Shirley Walker. As Lolita walks us through her music career trajectory, she explains the importance of collaboration, the different aspects of scoring music for film and TV, and her current position as President of the Alliance for Women Film Composers, in support of other female film composers (she was awarded the BMI Champion Award this year in recognition of this work, along with her colleagues Laura Karpman and Miriam Cutler.) Lolita has also written songs and musicals, and her work has been premiered and performed at Carnegie Hall and Lincoln Center in New York City, and The Kennedy Center in Washington, DC.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1913
__label__wiki	0.84976	0.84976	Kathleen Wilson Exceeding Boundaries Courtesy of Daniel Fisher, Fisher Films, South Carolina. Kathleen Wilson has lived in South Carolina since the age of 24. Since that time, she has thrived as an event organizer, an endurance athlete, a local politician and an accomplished musician with the Charleston Symphony Orchestra for 31 years. Her current event, the Swim Around Charleston (www.swimaroundcharleston.com), quickly attracted swimmers from around the world who wanted to challenge themselves to a late-season marathon swim in a beautiful, historic seaside resort built near an inlet to the Atlantic Ocean. Wilson was recently inducted in the South Carolina Athletic Hall of Fame for the following accomplishments; the video above was shown at her induction ceremonies on May 14th. * In 1997, she completed the Swim Around Key West in Florida. * In 1999, she completed the 45.8 km Manhattan Island Marathon Swim in New York in 7 hours 37 minutes at the age of 36. * In 2001, she completed a crossing of the English Channel from England to France in 13 hours at the age of 38. * In 2001, she was awarded the Order of the Palmetto, South Carolina’s highest civilian honor. * In 2003, she completed the 37 km Tampa Bay Marathon Swim in Florida in 12 hours 26 minutes at the age of 39. * In 2004, she completed a crossing of the Catalina Channel from Santa Catalina Island to the California mainland in 9 hours 36 minutes to achieve the Triple Crown of Open Water Swimming at the age of 41. * In 2005, she completed the International Self-Transcendence Marathon Swim in Lake Zürich, Switzerland in 8 hours 56 minutes at the age of 42. * In 2006, she completed the 25 km Swim Across the Sound in Connecticut in 8 hours 51 minutes. * In 2007, she completed a 30.6 km crossing of the Santa Barbara Channel from Santa Cruz Island to the California mainland in 11 hours 43 minutes at the age of 44. * In 2008, she completed a 14.4 km crossing of the Strait of Gibraltar from Spain to Morocco in 4 hours 23 minutes at the age of 45. * In 2010, she completed the first circumnavigation around Charleston, South Carolina at the age of 47. * In 2011, she completed the 16.1 km Kingdom Swim in Lake Memphremagog, Vermont in 5 hours 29 minutes at the age of 48. * In 2011, she began organizing the 19.3 km Swim Around Charleston event. * In 2012, she completed a 42 km crossing of the Molokai Channel from Molokai to Oahu in Hawaii in 20 hours 49 minutes to complete her fourth Oceans Seven channel. * In 2014, she completed the 57.9 km END-WET marathon swim down the Red River from North Dakota to Minnesota in 9 hours 9 minutes at the age of 51. * Between May 6th – 9th 2015, she completed a 13.3 km swim in Saguaro Lake in 3 hours 50 minutes, a 14.1 km swim in Canyon Lake in 3 hours 52 minutes, a 22.8 km swim in Apache Lake in 8 hours 49 minutes, and a 10 km swim in Roosevelt Lake in 3 hours 25 minutes at the SCAR Swim Challenge in Arizona at the age of 51. * She established Swim Calm, an organization that teaches adults who experience fear of the water to feel safe in the water.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1921
__label__wiki	0.939315	0.939315	작가전시아트페어뉴스영상추천작 보기스토어소개 EN中文KO 작가전시아트페어뉴스영상추천작 보기스토어소개 enchko Late for Art School By Jeffrey Hogrefe When the renovated and expanded P.S.1 Contemporary Art Center reopens on Oct. 26, Alanna Heiss, the art-world-diva who after 21 years is still artistic director of the space, would like you to think she's reinvented the wheel. Three years after the former schoolhouse in Long Island City, Queens, closed for renovations, Ms. Heiss has installed some of the original P.S.1 alumni (Bruce Nauman, John Coplans and Jack Smith, a performance drag artists best known for the cult film Flaming Creatures) plus Julian Schnabel, in separate rooms and museum-style exhibition halls that rival the Whitney Museum of American Art and the Museum of Modern Art. Ms. Heiss, an attractive 53 year old blonde who combines the talents of a Hollywood producer with the non sequiturs of a Hampton hostess, has also invited hundreds more artists to participate in an attempt to re-create the ad hoc scene that in the mid to late 70's compelled people to travel to P.S.1, then the place to see cutting-edge art. The new show appears at once to be random and orchestrated and extremely ambitious -- a king of chaos-theory Bienniale. None of the organizers can agree on exactly how many artists are participating or how many exhibits there actually are. God help the soul who had to try and make a map of the thing. In an effort to re-create the original spirit of the place, a handful of artists have been assigned spaces unique to the building and have conceived pieces for these spaces -- the attic, the walls of the stairwells, a restroom on the second floor, a janitor's closet on the third. From what I can tell, the artists are by and large extremely earnest, sometimes quite talented, idealistic, energetic, passionate about their work. An impressive number of them are deserving of attention. Too bad they're being used in a foolhardy attempt to breathe new life into an institution which long before it closed had already been deemed irrelevant, supplanted by countless clones across the river. Remember when the Whitney Museum took young black rappers off the street in the mid-80's and "exhibited" them in its halls? Assigning artists to attics and johns and stairwells is the same thing. No matter how intriguing the ideas, both are contrivances, dreamed up by a curator. The question is, will people take the E Train to Long Island City to go to another museum? Boys in the Attic Robert Wogan, a 29 year old artist whose career has consisted of illuminating abandoned industrial sites, appeared at the top of the stairs that lead to the attic of P.S.1. He is compact, ruddy-face guy with blond hair and a lot of energy. Over his black Elvis T-shirt he was wearing a plastic surge protector with a long cord which he's wrapped around himself like a sash. He was greeted by Nari Ward, a 34-year old artist whose career has consisted of turning large spaces, such as a fire station in Harlem, into art pieces. Mr. Ward was wearing cutoff fatigues that ended at his calves and a pair of work boots. He had a mustache and the beginnings of an Afro. He said that his work was "excited by being left on the fringes." Good thing, considering his placement at P.S.1. Mr. Ward and Mr. Wogan were sent up to the attic to create something out of it. Their work will be viewed by appointment, because P.S.1's staff considered the space too be dangerous (liability problems?) to let people go unaided up the rickety strairway to the attic. But that dosen't bother the artists. Or if it does, only a little. "We're cranking," said Mr. Wogan, "as this is going to warrant people wanting to come up here. One because you are not supposed to. Two, because of the diversity." Mr. Wogan quit his job to spend a month a half creating a space inspired by the architecture of P.S.1's upper attic. He has never had a show in a gallery--had never been to P.S.1, even--and said that he is just glad to have the space. Mr. Ward, the more established of the two, has a $10,000 grant from the Penny McCall Foundation to complete his project and lives on grants and teaching gigs at Hunter College. He had been up to the attic for several weeks and had even begun to sleep there overnight. For his piece, he has taken bunched-up bits of paper trash from the offices of P.S.1, sandwiched them between plastic strips that are approximately 30 feet long, and twisted it all together in such a way that each bag resembles an umbilical cord or intestine. Then he draped them from the rafters of the 60 foot long attic formerly the quarters of the school's caretaker. (One afternoon, he was seen reprimanding Ms. Heiss' assistant because she had not created enough paper trash for his purposes.) The piece is called How to Build and Maintain the Virgin Fertility of Our Souls. Mr. Ward said that is a play on a scientific article by George Washington Carver entitled, "How to Build and Maintain the Virgin Fertility of Our Soil." Mr. Wogan's works is not as overtly subversive as Mr. Ward's. His P.S.1 installation is actually two projects, both of which he refers to as "sculptures," even though they are not free-standing objects that could be cast in multiples, the traditional definition of sculpture. For his first piece, Mr. Wogan will bathe two of the unrenovated facades of P.S.1 in white halide light, which he promises will make the building "boom like the Empire State Building." Ms. Heiss gave Mr. Wogan the two facades, partly to address community concerns that the corner would be too dark, and P.S.1 raised $16,000 to light them. His second project is an interesting counterpoint, since it is completely interior. For its execution, P.S.1 kicked in about $1,000. What Mr. Wogan has done is take a corner of the upper attic, above Mr. Ward's room of entrails, and built a 15-foot-long carpeted tunnel that people have to crawl through before they arrive in a small, shrinelike room. At the room's apex, he has installed a video screen that will project a recording of him walking through an abandoned hospital building. It will be the only source of light in the piece, which seems part fun house, part womb. Mr. Wogan, who has never sold any of his art or even received a grant, has been told that his piece will be destroyed in six months to make room for another installation. But he holds out hope that he will join the pantheon of P.S.1 alumni, such as James Turrell and Richard Serra, and have his work enshrined in the building permanently. "It ain't ever coming out of here," Mr. Wogan said. Sarah, Destroyer of Worlds Sarah Sze is a pleasant-looking women dressed like a J.Crew model whose amiable demeanor belies an unrepresented need to rip open buildings. When she first saw the pristine white gallery where she was to display her art in an exhibition titled Some Young New Yorkers she decided that the space was so sterile that she would probably send them some of her floor-to-ceiling scroll drawings. But Klaus Bisenbach, the curator of mini-exhibit, wouldn't hear of it. Ms. Sze, 28, is known for installations that consist of tearing apart architecture and building little environments. 'I wanted a space that was a little more derelict," she recalled, "and they were very accommodating. They let me tear a hold in the wall. They just say, 'Go ahead, rip it up, we don't care." This is her debut at P.S.1, and she has two exhibitions going on simultaneously there. She admits that she has no idea who Alanna Heiss was when she was first contacted by the veteran artistic director. Her first work, which she refers to as "these sort of orifices," consists of an installation called Ripe Fruit South, that is a two-foot-wide hole in the wall. Once she exposed what was under the wall, she discovered that the entire alarm system for the building was there in what she refers to as a "mother board," by which she means fuses and switches and live wires. In a move that rivals the titillating liability issues of the attic exhibitions, she added water to the electrical installation in the form of a terrarium with a hose and air bubbler. "It is dangerous for the building to have water and electricity near each other," Ms. Sze said with a noticeable pride. She has also added little boxes with ephemera that relate to the site, such as a digital alarm clark, a birth control pill, and a bottle of hand lotion and Tic-Tacs. Ms. Sze's second piece, Ripe Fruit North, is in a janitor's closet in a third-floor hallway, the back of which she has ripped out to expose yet more of the building's electrical guts. "So more electricity," she said excitedly. Naturally she has installed dripping water and plants. In The Toilet "At first I was kind of shocked when Alanna asked me to do an installation in the bathroom," said Mike Bidlo. For his art piece, Mr. Bidlo has taken a black-and-white photograph of the famous porcelain urinal that Marcel Duchamp declared to be a work of art and is wallpapering all of the walls with the image. Mr. Bidlo had been out there in the art noosphere as a guy who is toilet-obsessed. "I think Alanna was smart enough to know that I was working on this urinal or fountain series for a coupe of years now," said Mr. Bidlo, who us 43. "She thought conceptually that this was probably something that would work within the context. I was a little taken back, but then I started realizing that, "Oh it is an interesting place to do an installation." He paused and looked down, and then he pointed to the ceiling of the bathroom and frowned. "Even though architecturally it is very difficult because of all the beams going crisscross." Nonetheless, Mr. Bidlo said, he found that when lined up the photographs, they sometimes looked to him like rows of baby bottle urinals or Buddhas. This was a good thing, he explained, since his purpose has been to "subvert the image." Artist Ascending a Staircase In one of the stairwells enclosed in wire cages in P.S.1, Madeleine Hatz was painting directly on one of the old cracked walls. Ms. Hatz is among 13 or 14 or 15 artists (nobody knew for sure) whose work will be cover the walls of the two north stairwells; the exhibition is called Vertical Painting. Ms. Hatz's fresco, which ran up and won two walls of the stairwell, consisted of a series of raised reliefs in fluorescent shades of green. They looked like a topographical forms that had been zipped by a nuclear bomb. There was something sinister about them, as assessment that Ms. Hatz accepted whole-heartedly. "It is natural and it is artificial-looking at the same time," she said. "This is something that you see obliquely in parts, and it kind of sneaks up on you." She pointed to the oozing green colors in the cracks on the wall and said that they looked like malformations she had found in the sidewalks of Long Island City leading o P.S.1. Ms. Hatz who once had a studio at P.S.1, was contacted directly by Ms. Heiss who had seen an exhibition of her paintings last February. "It was enormous work, an enormous amount of work," Ms. Hatz said of her project, which took two-and-a-half weeks to complete. Ms. Hatz has been around the block before, and she knows this type of exhibitions represents a calculated risk. She allowed that P.S.1 had lost its steam long before it was closed for renovations. Like the other artists, she'll have done a lot of work; spent her own money and most likely won't get paid for her piece. Chances are good that many people, let alone the right dealer or critic, won't even be able to find her piece. Nonetheless, she had decided to put her faith in the circus. She hopes that the cacophony of exhibitions will create a buzz when it brings out hordes of curiosity seekers. She called back to amend some of the things she'd said in the interview. She seemed concerned that she might have offended someone. "Everyone in the New York art world is going to come to the opening. It is one of the events of the season." That was the way she preferred to be heard on the subject. Ms. Hatz, like most of the other artists scurrying around P.S.1 wants Ms Heiss' atavistic opening to succeed. newyork@lehmannmaupin.com 407 Pedder Building 12 Pedder Street, Hong Kong Telephone +852 2530 0025 hongkong@lehmannmaupin.com 74-18, Yulgok-ro 3-gil Jongno-gu, Seoul Telephone +82 2 725 0094 seoul@lehmannmaupin.com	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1922
__label__wiki	0.895543	0.895543	32 Year Old Pregnant Woman Arrested With Drugs Concealed In Her Stomach The 32-year-old South African woman named Mosiea Moosa who initially lied that she was 7 months pregnant, was actually carrying packages of the drugs in her stomach and her urogenital tract. She was arrested on August 30 when she landed at Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, Hyderabad, India from Dubai on an Emirates flight,The Times of India reports. I have declared my assets four times – President Buhari President Muhammadu Buhari Monday in Aburi, Ghana, reassured Nigerians and the international community that he would name his cabinet before the end of the month. The president also said he has so far declared his assets four times in the course of offering service to the country, according to a statement by Femi Adesina, the special adviser on media and publicity. DELTA: 17-year-old beats grandma to coma over N20,000 A 17-year-old secondary school dropout, Obus Felix, allegedly beat his 65-year-old grandmother, Alice Onome, to a state unconsciousness during a disagreement over a missing N20,000. Worried by the raid on the Akwa Ibom Government House by officials of the Department of State Service (DSS), the state governor, Udom Emmanuel, at the weekend summoned the meeting of all security chiefs in the state. A MOTHER of three died after falling more than 50ft from a balcony on holiday in Spain. Emma Evans, 37, had returned to her hotel with husband Martin, 51, after a night out on the island of Majorca when tragedy struck Young mum-to-be due to give birth tomorrow one of six people killed in Spain rally crash A young mum-to-be due to give birth tomorrow was killed after rally car crashed into watching spectators in Spain. Ana Cayazzo and her partner Miguel Caridad died instantly when they were struck by one of the race cars as it lost control on a bend. Police: Girl, 9, Dead, 3 Hurt After North Carolina Shooting Police in North Carolina say a 9-year-old girl has been fatally shot and three others have been injured following a shooting at a residence in southwest Charlotte. Deputy Chief Jeff Estes of the Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police Department said during a news conference that the shooting happened just after 9 p.m. Saturday while a family celebration was ongoing in the front yard. The unidentified 9-year-old girl died at a hospital. Two adults and another child suffered non-life-threatening injuries and were treated at the scene. Estes said: "We have a lot of soul searching to do when as a city, and as a country, a 9-year-old girl isn't safe playing in her front yard." No motive has been determined.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1927
__label__wiki	0.680815	0.680815	OpenSite Open Education Scholarships About Start here to find your school 1 1. Select a Level 2 2. Select a Category 3 3. Select a Subject Top Online Schools Ashford UniversityAA/Early Childhood Education Kaplan UniversityAAS in Human Services Post UniversityCertificate: Early Childhood Education Administration Education Schools in Delray Beach, Florida There are 19 schools near Delray Beach, FL offering education programs. In 2010, 6,435 students graduated from programs at Delray Beach education schools. 3,134 of all these students graduated with masters degrees and 1,835 of all these students graduated with certificates. On average, 6,480 students graduate from education programs in Delray Beach each year. This accounts for about 39% of students who Florida schools graduate from education programs. Out of those, 1,835 students graduated with education certificates, 22 with a degree at the associate's level, 951 with a degree at the bachelor's level, 3,134 with a degree at the master's level, and 493 with a doctorate level degree. 19 education schools are located in Delray Beach. Out of these, while six schools are public, 13 schools are private. While tuition at a private education school varies from $5,100 to $30,900, tuition at a public education school varies from $2,158 to $3,835. Average tuition for programs in education is $13,350. The highest tuition for education programs, which is $30,900 per year, is at Lynn University, while the lowest tuition in Delray Beach, which is $2,158 per year, is at Palm Beach State College. Delray Beach schools offer certificates, associates degrees, bachelors degrees, masters degrees, and doctoral degrees in education. Education Program Completions 2006 - 2010 in Delray Beach, Florida Certificate 2006: 1026 Associate 2006: 39 Bachelor 2006: 1084 Bachelor 2009: 984 Master 2006: 3260 Doctorate 2006: 494 Education Program Availability in Delray Beach, Florida Schools in Delray Beach offer a total of 197 programs in education. Of these programs, approximately 33% are programs at the master's level. The remaining programs are certificates and degrees at the bachelors level, the doctoral level, and the associates level. Associate: 5 Bachelor: 64 Master: 66 Doctorate: 18 Career Trends Engineering Teachers, Postsecondary — Salary by Percentile Education Administrators, Postsecondary — Salary by Percentile Computer Science Teachers, Postsecondary — Salary by Percentile Mathematical Science Teachers, Postsecondary — Salary by Percentile Education Administrators, All Other — Salary by Percentile Agricultural Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary — Salary by Percentile Physics Teachers, Postsecondary — Salary by Percentile Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary — Salary by Percentile Education Administrators, Elementary and Secondary School — Salary by Percentile Business Teachers, Postsecondary — Salary by Percentile Health Educators — Salary by Percentile Chemistry Teachers, Postsecondary — Salary by Percentile Education Administrators, Preschool and Childcare Center/Program — Salary by Percentile 10th Percentile: Median: 92690 10th Percentile: 65500 75th Percentile: 120420 Median: 101090 Engineering Teachers, Postsecondary — Employment Trend Education Administrators, Postsecondary — Employment Trend Computer Science Teachers, Postsecondary — Employment Trend Mathematical Science Teachers, Postsecondary — Employment Trend Education Administrators, All Other — Employment Trend Business Teachers, Postsecondary — Employment Trend Agricultural Sciences Teachers, Postsecondary — Employment Trend Physics Teachers, Postsecondary — Employment Trend Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary — Employment Trend Education Administrators, Elementary and Secondary School — Employment Trend Health Educators — Employment Trend Chemistry Teachers, Postsecondary — Employment Trend Education Administrators, Preschool and Childcare Center/Program — Employment Trend Median Salary 2006: 83200 Total Employed 2006: 70 Total Employed 2007: 130 Median Salary 2006: 102680 Delray Beach vs Florida Education Employment Employed in Delray Beach: 9.215% (2335) 19 Nearby Matching Schools School Filters Degrees Available % - % Total Student Population Average Math SAT Average Verbal SAT Average ACT Score Check Out Some Related Subjects Select a Subject Early Childhood Education Schools in Delray Beach, Florida Schools in Delray Beach, FL offer a total of eight early childhood education programs. Of these programs, 37.5% are certificate level programs. The remaining programs are degrees at the bachelors level, the masters level, and the associates level. Early Childhood Education Schools in Delray Beach, Florida Educational Leadership Schools in Delray Beach, Florida 360 students graduated with educational leadership certificates. 880 students graduated with an educational leadership degree at the master's level. 284 students graduated with a doctorate level educational leadership degree. Educational Leadership Schools in Delray Beach, Florida Elementary Education Schools in Delray Beach, Florida Average tuition for programs in elementary education is $18,411. The highest tuition for elementary education programs is at Lynn University. The highest tuition for training in elementary education is $30,900 every year. Elementary Education Schools in Delray Beach, Florida ESL Schools in Delray Beach, Florida There are three schools around Delray Beach, FL offering ESL programs. In 2010, 718 students graduated with degrees from Delray Beach ESL schools. 679 of all these students graduated with certificates. ESL Schools in Delray Beach, Florida Special Education Schools in Delray Beach, Florida Schools in Delray Beach, FL offer a total of 23 programs in special education. Of these programs, approximately 43.5% are programs at the master's level. The remaining programs are certificates and degrees at the bachelors level, the doctoral level, and the associates level. Special Education Schools in Delray Beach, Florida Teaching Schools in Delray Beach, Florida Average tuition for teaching programs is $14,327. The highest tuition for teaching programs is at Lynn University. The highest tuition for teaching training is $30,900 per year. Teaching Schools in Delray Beach, Florida Visual Communications Schools in Delray Beach, Florida Six visual communications schools are located in Delray Beach, FL. Three schools are private. Three schools are public. Visual Communications Schools in Delray Beach, Florida Nearby Cities Offering Education Education Schools in Dunedin, Florida Average tuition for programs in education is $9,236. The highest tuition for education programs is at the University of Tampa. The highest tuition for training in education is $23,218 each year. Education Schools in Dunedin, Florida Education Schools in Sarasota, Florida 14 education schools are located in Sarasota, FL. Seven schools are private. Seven schools are public. Education Schools in Sarasota, Florida Education Schools in Titusville, Florida 319 students graduated with education certificates. 11 students graduated with an education degree at the associate's level. 1,080 students graduated with a bachelor's level education degree. Education Schools in Titusville, Florida Education Schools in Pembroke Pines, Florida On average, 7,244 students graduate from education programs in Pembroke Pines, FL per year. This accounts for approximately 43% of education students who Florida schools graduate. 1,864 students graduated with certificates in education. Education Schools in Pembroke Pines, Florida Education Schools in Riviera Beach, Florida Average tuition for education programs is $10,877. The highest tuition for education programs is at Lynn University. The highest tuition for education training is $30,900 per year. Education Schools in Riviera Beach, Florida Education Schools in North Port, Florida There are seven schools located around North Port, FL offering education programs. 915 students graduated from programs at North Port education schools in 2010. 306 of all these students graduated with masters degrees. Education Schools in North Port, Florida Education Schools in Bradenton, Florida Education schools in Bradenton, FL offer certificates, associates degrees, bachelors degrees, masters degrees, and doctoral degrees. 322 students graduated with certificates in education. 11 students graduated with a degree in education at the associate's level. Education Schools in Bradenton, Florida Education Schools in Panama City, Florida The number of students who graduated with education degrees climbed by 236.4% from 2008 to 2010. The number of students which certificate programs graduate climbed by 26 students. Panama City schools offer a total of three education programs. Education Schools in Panama City, Florida Education Schools in Pinellas Park, Florida 402 students graduated with certificates in education. 12 students graduated with an associate's level degree in education. 1,297 students graduated with a degree in education at the bachelor's level. Education Schools in Pinellas Park, Florida Education Schools in Oakland Park, Florida Average tuition for education programs is $16,452. The highest tuition for education programs is at the University of Miami. The highest tuition for education training is $37,836 every year. Education Schools in Oakland Park, Florida Education Schools in Apopka, Florida 488 students graduated with certificates in education. 11 students graduated with a degree in education at the associate's level. 1,076 students graduated with a bachelor's level education degree. Education Schools in Apopka, Florida Education Schools in Plantation, Florida The number of students who graduated with degrees in education fell by 2.2% from 2008 to 2010. In particular, the number of undergraduate students decreased by 186 students. The number of students which certificate programs graduate climbed by 430 students. Education Schools in Plantation, Florida Education Schools in Miami Beach, Florida 20 education schools are located in Miami Beach, FL. 13 schools are private. Seven schools are public. Education Schools in Miami Beach, Florida Education Schools in West Palm Beach, Florida West Palm Beach schools offer certificates, associates degrees, bachelors degrees, masters degrees, and doctoral degrees for students pursing education. 941 students graduated with education certificates. Four students graduated with an education degree at the associate's level. Education Schools in West Palm Beach, Florida Education Schools in Coconut Creek, Florida 22 education schools are located in Coconut Creek, FL. 14 schools are private. Eight schools are public. Education Schools in Coconut Creek, Florida Education Schools in Sunrise, Florida 7,290 students graduate from programs in Sunrise, FL in education, on average, each year. This accounts for approximately 43% of education students who Florida schools graduate. 1,864 students graduated with certificates in education. Education Schools in Sunrise, Florida Education Schools in Jupiter, Florida Jupiter schools offer a total of 50 programs in education. Of these programs, approximately 52% are programs at the bachelor's level. The remaining programs are certificates and degrees at the masters level, the doctoral level, and the associates level. Education Schools in Jupiter, Florida Education Schools in Coral Springs, Florida Coral Springs schools offer a total of 249 programs in education. Of these programs, around 37.8% are programs at the master's level. The remaining programs are certificates and degrees at the bachelors level, the doctoral level, and the associates level. Education Schools in Coral Springs, Florida Education Schools in Davie, Florida The number of students who graduated with education degrees decreased by 2.2% from 2008 to 2010. In particular, the number of undergraduate students decreased by 186 students. The number of students which certificate programs graduate rose by 430 students. Education Schools in Davie, Florida Education Schools in Boynton Beach, Florida Boynton Beach schools offer a total of 181 programs in education. Of these programs, around 35.4% are master's level programs. The remaining programs are certificates and degrees at the bachelors level, the doctoral level, and the associates level. Education Schools in Boynton Beach, Florida Education Schools in Kissimmee, Florida 2,140 students graduate from education programs in Kissimmee, FL, on average, every year. This accounts for around 15% of students who Florida schools graduate from education programs. 477 students graduated with certificates in education. Education Schools in Kissimmee, Florida Education Schools in St. Petersburg, Florida The number of students who graduated with degrees in education increased by approximately 14.8% from 2008 to 2010. In particular, the number of undergraduate students went up by 115 students. The number of students which certificate programs graduate increased by 257 students. Education Schools in St. Petersburg, Florida Education Schools in Melbourne, Florida 156 students graduated with education certificates. 35 students graduated with a bachelor's level education degree. Six students graduated with a master's level degree in education. Education Schools in Melbourne, Florida Education Schools in Pensacola, Florida 652 students graduate from programs in Pensacola, FL in education, on average, per year. This accounts for 3% of students who schools in the state of Florida graduate from education programs. 106 students graduated with certificates in education. Education Schools in Pensacola, Florida Education Schools in Miramar, Florida Schools in Miramar, FL offer a total of 240 programs in education. Of these programs, around 38.8% are master's level programs. The remaining programs are certificates and degrees at the bachelors level, the doctoral level, and the associates level. Education Schools in Miramar, Florida Education Schools in Key West, Florida Florida Keys Community College offers certificates for education students. In 2010, 12 students graduated with education certificates. The number of students which certificate programs graduate climbed by 12 students. Education Schools in Key West, Florida Education Schools in Weston, Florida 1,864 students graduated with education certificates. 22 students graduated with an associate's level degree in education. 1,344 students graduated with a degree in education at the bachelor's level. Education Schools in Weston, Florida Education Schools in Hallandale Beach, Florida There are 21 schools around Hallandale Beach, FL offering education programs. 7,174 students graduated with degrees from Hallandale Beach education schools in 2010. 3,449 of all these students graduated with masters degrees. Education Schools in Hallandale Beach, Florida Education Schools in Fort Lauderdale, Florida There are 22 schools close to Fort Lauderdale, FL offering education programs. 7,209 students graduated with degrees from Fort Lauderdale education schools in 2010. 3,460 of all these students graduated with masters degrees. Education Schools in Fort Lauderdale, Florida Education Schools in Tallahassee, Florida 1,296 students graduate from education programs in Tallahassee, FL, on average, per year. This accounts for 6% of students who Florida schools graduate from education programs. 117 students graduated with certificates in education. Education Schools in Tallahassee, Florida Education Schools in Homestead, Florida 1,721 students graduated with education certificates. 20 students graduated with a degree in education at the associate's level. 789 students graduated with an education degree at the bachelor's level. Education Schools in Homestead, Florida Education Schools in Orlando, Florida Orlando schools offer certificates, associates degrees, bachelors degrees, masters degrees, and doctoral degrees for students pursing education. 541 students graduated with education certificates. 12 students graduated with an education degree at the associate's level. Education Schools in Orlando, Florida Education Schools in Largo, Florida 402 students graduated with education certificates. 11 students graduated with an associate's level degree in education. 1,198 students graduated with an education degree at the bachelor's level. Education Schools in Largo, Florida Education Schools in Altamonte Springs, Florida On average, 2,027 students graduate from programs in Altamonte Springs, FL in education every year. This accounts for close to 14% of students who Florida schools graduate from education programs. 541 students graduated with certificates in education. Education Schools in Altamonte Springs, Florida Education Schools in Lakeland, Florida Average tuition for programs in education is $11,445. The highest tuition for education programs is at Florida Southern College. The highest tuition for education training is $24,662 every year. Education Schools in Lakeland, Florida Education Schools in Boca Raton, Florida Boca Raton schools offer a total of 253 programs in education. Of these programs, about 37.2% are programs at the master's level. The remaining programs are certificates and degrees at the bachelors level, the doctoral level, and the associates level. Education Schools in Boca Raton, Florida Education Schools in Sanford, Florida Sanford education schools offer certificates, associates degrees, bachelors degrees, masters degrees, and doctoral degrees. 343 students graduated with education certificates. 11 students graduated with an associate's level education degree. Education Schools in Sanford, Florida Education Schools in Port St. Lucie, Florida Schools in Port St. Lucie, FL offer a total of 23 education programs. Of these programs, around 73.9% are bachelor's level programs. The remaining programs are certificates and degrees at the masters level and the associates level. Education Schools in Port St. Lucie, Florida Education Schools in Cape Coral, Florida Average tuition for education programs is $5,897. The highest tuition for education programs is at Southwest Florida College. The highest tuition for education training is $11,880 each year. Education Schools in Cape Coral, Florida Education Schools in Lake Worth, Florida Average tuition for education programs is $13,241. The highest tuition for education programs is at Lynn University. The highest tuition for training in education is $30,900 per year. Education Schools in Lake Worth, Florida Education Schools in Wellington, Florida The number of students who graduated with degrees in education dropped by 2.8% from 2008 to 2010. In particular, the number of undergraduate students dropped by 87 students. The number of students which certificate programs graduate climbed by 144 students. Education Schools in Wellington, Florida Education Schools in Palm Bay, Florida There are two schools near Palm Bay, FL offering education programs. 197 students graduated from programs at Palm Bay education schools in 2010. 156 of all these students graduated with certificates. Education Schools in Palm Bay, Florida Education Schools in Tamarac, Florida There are 22 schools located near Tamarac, FL offering education programs. 7,209 students graduated from programs at Tamarac education schools in 2010. 3,460 of all these students graduated with masters degrees. Education Schools in Tamarac, Florida Education Schools in Tampa, Florida There are 22 schools conveniently located near Tampa, FL offering education programs. 3,222 students graduated from programs at Tampa education schools in 2010. 1,368 of all these students graduated with bachelors degrees. Education Schools in Tampa, Florida Education Schools in Gainesville, Florida Schools in Gainesville, FL offer certificates, associates degrees, bachelors degrees, masters degrees, and doctoral degrees in education. 213 students graduated with education certificates. Five students graduated with an associate's level education degree. Education Schools in Gainesville, Florida Education Schools in Miami, Florida 1,757 students graduated with certificates in education. 20 students graduated with an associate's level education degree. 1,320 students graduated with an education degree at the bachelor's level. Education Schools in Miami, Florida Education Schools in Ocala, Florida Seven education schools are located in Ocala, FL. One school is private. Six schools are public. Education Schools in Ocala, Florida Education Schools in Deltona, Florida There are 12 schools located around Deltona, FL offering education programs. 2,256 students graduated with degrees from Deltona education schools in 2010. 1,076 of all these students graduated with bachelors degrees. Education Schools in Deltona, Florida Education Schools in Margate, Florida There are 22 schools located near Margate, FL offering education programs. In 2010, 7,209 students graduated with degrees from Margate education schools. 3,460 of all these students graduated with masters degrees. Education Schools in Margate, Florida Education Schools in Hollywood, Florida Schools in Hollywood, FL offer certificates, associates degrees, bachelors degrees, masters degrees, and doctoral degrees in education. 1,864 students graduated with certificates in education. 22 students graduated with an education degree at the associate's level. Education Schools in Hollywood, Florida Pursue an Online Degree Around the country, there are about 7 schools offering online education degrees, to Delray Beach students, at the following degree levels: There are 137 online education programs available at these online education schools, through which Delray Beach students have the ability of earning education credentials. In 2010, the number of online education school graduates from these programs was 4654. Online Education Schools Top Accredited Online Schools Ashford University AA/Early Childhood Education BA/Early Childhood Education - Infant and Toddler Care AAS in Human Services Post University Certificate: Early Childhood Education Administration A.S. in Early Childhood Education Nursing/Health Care Education Certificate Associate's - Elementary Education Grand Canyon University B.S. in Elementary Education: English M.Ed. in Special Education: Cross-Categorical (Leads to initial teacher licensure) California Teachers of English Learners Certificate AA in General Education 1. Barry University 11300 NE 2nd Ave Miami, FL 33161-6695 2. Broward College 225 E las Olas Blvd 3. Carlos Albizu University - Miami 2173 N.W. 99th Avenue 4. Florida Atlantic University 777 Glades Rd 5. Florida Memorial University Miami Gardens, FL 33054-6199 6. The Florida National College 4425 West 20 Avenue 7. Hobe Sound Bible College 11298 SE Gomez Hobe Sound, FL 33455-1065 8. Keiser University - Ft Lauderdale 1500 NW 49th St. 9. The Lindsey Hopkins Technical Education Center 750 NW 20 Street (305) 324-6070x7009 10. Lynn University 3601 N. Military Trail 11. The Management Resources Institute 10 NW Le Jeune Road 12. Miami Dade College 300 NE 2nd Ave. 13. Nova Southeastern University 14. Palm Beach Atlantic University - West Palm Beach 901 S. Flagler Drive 15. Palm Beach State College 4200 Congress Ave Lake Worth, FL 33461-4796 16. Saint Thomas University 16401 NW 37th Ave 17. The Sheridan Technical Center 5400 Sheridan St 18. Trinity International University - Florida 8190 West State Road 84 19. The University of Phoenix - South Florida 600 N. Pine Island Road Suite 500 Plantation, FL 33324-1393 Copyright © 2019. OpenSite. Blog Privacy	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1929
__label__wiki	0.611488	0.611488	Grocers stock up on teenaged workers Teens are some of the county’s hardest workers, according to their bosses at area food stores, which employ more than two dozen of them. Grocery stores in the county hire teen-agers on a regular basis. They work after school and weekends during the school year and as needed in summer. Although laws limit what they can do, the jobs can be attractive enough that some continue to work there after school. Niqole Phillips, 18, started at Carlsons’ Grocery in Marion in June 2015, right after her junior year in high school, and continued until January, when she married and moved away. She and her husband, Shane, recently returned to Marion, and she is back on the job full-time. “I like the customers,” Niqole said. “They were so welcoming when I came back, and Greg Carlson is an awesome boss.” Carlsons’ Grocery is the biggest employer of teens, with 17, most of whom work on weekends on a rotating basis, co-owner Greg Carlson said. Alli Hett, 16, a sophomore at Marion High School, began working at Carlsons’ Grocery two months ago. The job gives her a chance to earn spending money. “It’s nice here,” she said. “It’s a friendly place to work. Customers are pretty nice, and Greg Carlson is a nice boss.” Teens work cash registers and stock shelves but they can’t operate saws or deli equipment and can’t drive to deliver groceries. Government regulations and worker’s compensation insurance requirements restrict what high school teens can do, said Jai Crow, co-owner of Peabody Market with her husband, Mike. Three high school boys are employed at Peabody Market. They run the register and go into the kitchen and make pizza or wrap meat but can’t run fryers or slicers. When they turn 18, even if they are still in high school, restrictions will no longer apply. “My high school kids are some of my hardest workers,” Crow said. “We are picky about who we hire, and we know who they are. They usually come with recommendations. They are willing to work anytime and can fill in the gaps.” Grocers said they prefer to hire teens age 16 or older because 14- and 15-year-olds have more restrictions, including not working past 7 p.m. “They can’t work after 7 p.m.,” Dale Franz at Dale’s Supermarket in Hillsboro said, “but I see where they sometimes are at track meets until 10 p.m.” He regularly employs four students. Mitch Carlson said hiring high school students had worked well for Carlsons’ Grocery. “Sometimes it takes them a while to figure things out, but they usually work out pretty well,” he said. “The sad thing is, when they finally know the ropes, they turn 18 and go on.”	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1931
__label__cc	0.635286	0.364714	Size Is Not Destiny, Regionalism Is by Indira Rampersad Size Is Not Destiny, Regionalism Is by Indira Rampersad This article was originally published in the Trinidad Guardian and is reproduced here with the author’s permission. Was it sheer coincidence that an alleged plot to blow up a fuel supply to JFK airport by some geriatric Caribbean terrorists had dramatically unfolded before our incredulous eyes just over a week before seventeen Caribbean leaders flocked to Washington D.C. in a combustive burst of tropical exuberance to participate in the Conference on the Caribbean a 20/20 Vision (June 19th-21st, 2007)? Organized with near-military precision, the conference was the product of the collaborative efforts of the caucus of Caribbean Ambassadors to Washington, the Caricom Secretariat, the IDB, the World Bank, the OAS and the U.S. government. The title 20/20 Vision was appended for two reasons: first, the organizers hoped to assess the issues of the region with the clarity of perfect vision and second, they are determined to have them resolved by the year 2020. The three-fold Expert, Diaspora and Private Sector forums collectively and critically addressed anything and everything that are of concern to the region including, trade, investment, finance, energy, education, crime, security, diaspora and deeper, thicker, faster and denser integration through the Caricom Single Market and Economy (CSME). In the U.S., we frequently hear that all politics are domestic. The bombshell terrorist plot exploded in timely fashion to be a convenient diversion from the doldrums into which the current Bush administration has sunk itself. That same week of alleged Caribbean terrorism, the U.S. media was having a field day with the minority AG Alberto Gonzaless catastrophic dismissal of three minority judges. Then came allegations of the U.S. decision to fund Sunni insurgents in Iraq. Not surprisingly, Bushs approval rating continues to slide to an all time low. It is rather curious though, how quickly the analysts were able to prepare their media speeches on Caribbean terrorism and make the link to Islamic fundamentalism. The message is clear. Whether in the Middle East or in our tropical paradise in Americas backyard, the issue of the day is American Insecurity. Seemingly oblivious to Americas grand designs, our leaders and professionals from the region and the U.S. diaspora embraced the conference with passion, zeal and true Caribbean fervor. Even with the monumental Washington obelisk towering over our heads like a giant phallus, Jamaicas Prime Minister, Portia Simpson-Miller, insisted that Size is not Destiny, Regionalism Is. But the call for a new Ship Rider agreement in the interest of regional security, this time on Caribbean terms and conditions, gave credence to the age-old adage that its not the size of the ship, but the motion in the ocean that really matters. The Titanic may have sunk, but our incessant navigation for regional security has not. So far, the Caribbean conference has received virtually no attention from the mainstream American media. Our seventeen Caribbean leaders could not compete with Israeli Prime Minister, Ehud Olmert, for Georgies and the medias attention. United in their deep and abiding commitment to eradicate those extremists and radicals who use violence and murder as a tool to achieve objectives, the unholy alliance between Bush and Olmert is reinforced by Americas unrelenting support of Israeli occupation of Palestinian land. But it gets curiouser and curiouser. Clearly, Olmerts visit was well-timed. The 2008 election drums are rolling in the U.S. Hilary and Obama have already raised millions for their respective Democratic campaigns. And though money has never been a major problem for the Conservatives, the enormous contributions of the powerful Jewish-American lobby to the Democratic Party is no secret. Indeed, it is larger than the financial contributions from any other ethnic Political Action Committee in the U.S. Yes, all politics are domestic. It was clear that American insecurity rather than regional security was the issue of the day when our leaders met with Bush on Wednesday, June 20th. Hoping to repeat at least some of the gains of Reagans Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI), their reasonable demands for more aid, trade, preferential treatment and investment from Uncle Sam, more than likely fell on deaf ears. Bush was more preoccupied with the Caribbeans relations with Venezuelan firebrand, Hugo Chavez and Cubas indomitable Comandante, Fidel Castro. Why? Recently, at the meeting of the Caribbean Studies Association in Bahia, Brazil (May 28th-June 1st), I attempted to explain the Logistics Behind the Illogical U.S. Cuba Policy in the geopolitical context of both U.S. domestic politics; Manifest Destiny which justifies American expansionism; and the 1823 Monroe Doctrine the historic mission of the U.S. to ward-off European powers and protect what it considers its sphere of influence in the region. In a post-Cold War era, it seems that Americas worst fears are justified. The capitalist superpower has failed to castrate Castro for forty-six years and is now forced to confront an unenviable leftist political milieu in its own backyard. Ironically, it is taking place in the absence of a Soviet Union and 17 years after the Cold War has ended. A neo-Monroe Doctrine targeting the socialist ideology, rather than European powers, is not only timely but an imperative for the U.S. Cubas Fidel Castro, Venezuelas Hugo Chavez, Bolivias Evo Morales, Brazils Luis Inacio Lula da Silva, Argentinas Nestor Kirchner, Ecuadors Rafael Correa, Uruguays Tabare Vasquez, Chiles Michelle Bachelet and Nicaraguas Daniel Ortega, all veer toward the left. Some such as Chavez, Kirchner, Ortega, Morales and Correa have overtly expressed anti-imperialist sentiments and resentment for the Washington Consensus. Vasquezs first announcement upon election victory in 2004 was the restoration of diplomatic ties with Cuba. Correa quipped that Chavez calling Bush the devil, offends the devil. Yes, all politics are domestic. Strong anti-Castro Republican representation by hardline, right-winged Cuban-Americans in South Florida has facilitated the perpetual tightening of the ridiculous embargo on Cuba, particularly in election years. They constitute the second most important campaign financiers in the U.S., superseded only by that of the Jewish-American lobby. The latest 2004 and 2006 Reports of the Commission for Assistance to a Free Cuba, detail the tenets of the draconian policies which currently govern American foreign policy to the island. Their objectives closely mirror those of Monroe Doctrine of 1823 and its later Amendment in 1904 in the form of the Roosevelt Corollary. Fortunately, the cojones of some of our regional leaders, are still intact. It is the fearless and dynamic Guyanese and Soviet trained Bharat Jagdeo, who took the Bush by the horns in his defense of the Caribbeans relations with Chavez and Castro for which Bush expressed open concern. It is in our national interest to have relations with Venezuela and Cuba, he explained to the distraught Bush. Just as it is in your interest to have relations with un-democratic Saudi Arabia. He should have added and socialist China which incidentally, is the largest trading partner of the United States. The astute Jagdeo must have long realized that despite the myriad of issues on the Caribbean agenda at the Conference, the only real concern of the U.S. with regards to the region is the formidable expansion of the leftist Castro-led Axis in Latin America to other Caribbean countries. After all, Jamaicas Michael Manley (1976-1980), Grenadas Maurice Bishop (1979-1983) and Jagdeos predecessor, Cheddi Jagan (1957-1964, 1992-1998), have all flirted outrageously with socialism in the past. Jagdeo must also be acutely aware that herein lie the Caribbeans trump card for invaluable aid, trade security and preferential treatment from the United States. But even without an expansion of the Castro-led Axis into Caribbean waters, a U.S. accord with regional governments which affords the superpower easy access to the region under the guise of Caribbean terrorism would fulfill the historical objectives of Manifest Destiny and the Monroe Doctrine. It would also divert from the catastrophe in Middle East in a desperate bid to win invaluable electoral votes in the 2008 elections. Yes, all politics are domestic. Sadly, American paranoia has reached such mammoth proportions that it seems to have been transmitted even to the Caribbean Diaspora in the U.S. I was privileged to be sponsored to present a paper at the Diaspora Forum of the Caribbean Conference on Crime as an Obstacle to Diaspora Investment. The paper necessitated a series of unstructured and semi-structured interviews with members of the Caribbean business diaspora in Miami, Ft. Lauderdale, Orlando and New York. My findings reflect a highly successful but suspicious, traumatized, disappointed, cynical and angry Caribbean-American business disapora which has not fully assimilated into the mainstream American cultural and political milieu. At the same time, the majority are not prepared to return or invest in the region mainly because of the spiraling crime rate, inadequate returns on investment due to the currency exchange rate and lack of well-paid and professional job opportunities. Yet, paradoxically, they harbor a lingering nostalgia to return to the tropical homeland. If anything, our leaders three-day dedication to regional issues in Washington has heightened awareness of their seeming commitment to improving the quality of life in the region. They assured and reassured us that the DC Conference is not just shop talk. So, even in the absence of any real American interest in developing the region, if at least two of the proposals on the regional agenda should indeed come to fruition in the short or medium-term, we can concur unhesitatingly, that the Conference has been a resounding success. By now, Caribbean leaders should know that the onus is on them to collectively take the initiative for the regions development. For Size is not Destiny, but Regionalism is. And as far as the United States is concerned, all politics are domestic. Dr Indira Rampersad is a fellow at the Department of Political Science, University of Florida.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1936
__label__cc	0.736543	0.263457	In Search of the Truth (The Truth Booth) do it Pike County A Place for All People Residency Application CAPE: ART + EXCHANGE PIKE COUNTY Film Screening: Rashômon (羅生門) Micro-Libraries JOIN PIKE SCHOOL OF ART FOR “MODERN ART & IDEAS,” A FREE ONLINE COURSE Posted on August 2, 2018 November 28, 2018 by admin For Immediate Release: Sept. 1, 2018 Contact: Clay Russell, Director of Communications & Operations 601.680.0342 \| crussell@PSA-MS.org \| www.PSA-MS.org McComb, MS — Pike School of Art – Mississippi invites you to participate in “Modern Art & Ideas,” organized by The Museum of Modern Art and available through Coursera. According to Coursera, the five-week course “is designed for anyone who would like to learn more about modern and contemporary art and develop skills for closer looking.” Between videos, readings and exercises, “Modern Art & Ideas” will require only a few hours each week. Students will have assignments through Coursera, and will be asked to participate in a private Pike School of Art – Mississippi discussion forum to share their thoughts on the course. From Coursera.org: Over the next five weeks, you will look at art through a variety of themes: Places & Spaces, Art & Identity, Transforming Everyday Objects, and Art & Society. Each week kicks off with a video that connects works of art from The Museum of Modern Art’s collection to the theme. You will hear audio interviews with artists, designers, and curators and learn more about selected works in the additional readings and resources. Throughout this course you will discover how artists: — represent place and take inspiration from their environment, — create works of art to express, explore, and question identity, — use everyday objects to challenge assumptions about what constitutes a work of art and how it should be made, — and respond to the social, cultural, and political issues of their time through works of art. Through the discussion forum prompts and peer review assignment, you will also have the opportunity to connect with other learners and explore how these themes resonate with your own life and experience. Week 1 — Be introduced to some of the overall benefits of studying modern and contemporary art through accessible and relevant themes. Week 2 — Discover some of the many ways that artists represent place and take inspiration from their environment. Week 3 — See how artists create works of art to express, explore, and question identity. Week 4 — Discover how artists use everyday objects to challenge assumptions about what constitutes art and how it should be made. Explore a variety of artistic and design choices, and the creative acts of inventing and transforming everyday objects. Week 5 — Explore works of art created in response to the social, cultural, and political issues of their time. Gain a deeper understanding of history and contemporary society. Be encouraged to think critically about world events and how they are depicted. The course is self-paced, and you may proceed as fast as you wish, but the first deadline is Sept. 16, when the Week 2 quiz must be completed. 1) Visit the course link here. Joining Coursera is free. 2) Click “Enroll.” Choose the “FREE” option. 3) Let Pike School of Art – Mississippi know you’re participating! Email us at classes@psa-ms.org, and we’ll reply with a link to your private chat room. 4) You’ll receive a weekly email reminding you to share your thoughts in the PSA chat room. About COURSERA “We envision a world where anyone, anywhere can transform their life by accessing the world’s best learning experience.” About THE MUSEUM OF MODERN ART The Museum of Modern Art is a place that fuels creativity, ignites minds, and provides inspiration. Join Pike School of Art for a day of community engagement. → Pike School of Art – Mississippi is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Contributions for the charitable purposes of Pike School of Art – Mississippi must be made payable to “Pike School of Art – Mississippi” and are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law. TAX ID #47-3838208 PSA-MS is a proud member of: Pike School of Art - Mississippi Email Lists National Events & Programs Local Events & Programs Local Press Pike School of Art – Mississippi is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Contributions for the charitable purposes of Pike School of Art – Mississippi must be made payable to “Pike School of Art – Mississippi” and are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law. Summit, MS 39666 cphelps@psa-ms.org	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1941
__label__wiki	0.614704	0.614704	SIFF Honors Ethan Hawke With Tribute/Screening of Film “Blaze” Singer/Songwriter Nomi Ruiz Talks To Kendall About Seattle Pride... June 5, 2018 Comments Off on First Thursday @ SAM: Craft Flowers to Honor Trans Women with Jono Vaughan Views: 626 Arts, Arts & Entertainment, Fashion and Design, Galleries & Art Walks, SAM, Seattle Transgender Scene, Trans* Arts & Entertainment, Trans* Events, Trans* Issues First Thursday @ SAM: Craft Flowers to Honor Trans Women with Jono Vaughan Seattle-based artist Jono Vaughan contends with the pattern of violence against transgender people through Project 42, which consists of wearable pieces (eventually 42 of them) commemorating trans people murdered in the U.S. Project 42: Jono Vaughan How do you honor life that was stolen — and not one, but lives taken over and over and over again? For Seattle-based visual artist Jono Vaughan, the answer is to create a unique, stunning piece that memorializes the individual, though united as a collection, and give the project a title that reminds all who witness it the depth and the breadth of the devastation. All the while, the people who are deceased are remembered like the pieces that honor them: beautiful, unique, and thoughtfully designed. The collection is Project 42, and Vaughan created it in order to memorialize transgender people who have been murdered throughout the United States. The number 42 signifies the age in years of the average lifespan of a trans person in the U.S. — by Vaughan’s own reckoning through research, absent an official tally — due to violence against trans people (especially trans women), low access to healthcare, suicides, employment discrimination and reduced job prospects, homelessness, and more. (You can read more on instances of discrimination, economic instability and other pervasive hardships in the NCTE trans census, here.) On display now at Seattle Art Museum (SAM) are three of the pieces in Project 42: one unique, handcrafted dress in honor of each of three trans women who were murdered: Myra Ical, Deja Jones, and Lorena Escalera Xtravaganza. Each piece is designed specific to the individual being memorialized, with the style inspired by the person’s life and history. To create the pieces, Vaughan begins with images of the location of the person’s murder, then turns those images into abstract textile prints, which she then sews into the piece. (All three pieces in the SAM exhibit are dresses.) The honorees of the dresses on display at SAM are: Myra Ical was murdered by strangulation at the age of 51, on the street in her hometown of Houston, Texas, where she had lived for 20 years. Her body was found “covered with numerous bruises and defensive wounds.” She was a native of Guatemala, and worked as a cleaner of office buildings. Deja Jones was murdered by gunshot at age 33 in a friend’s home in Miami, Florida. She had moved to Miami only recently, and was murdered seven blocks from her home. Lorena Escalera Xtravaganza was murdered at age 25 in her apartment in Brooklyn, New York, in a fire that authorities deemed suspicious, and later homicide. Escalera was a well-known dancer and performer, a member of the House of Xtravaganza, and performed under the stage name Lorena Xtravaganza. The dress design notes the “strictures of gender in traditional fashion,” and celebrates Xtravaganza’s “love of performance and the spectacular.” Vaughan invites viewers to help celebrate Escalera Xtravaganza by adding flowers to the dress’ magnificent train — and on First Thursday (6/7), from 5 to 7 pm, there’s a drop-in flower-making studio with the artist. Admission to the museum and exhibit that day is also free. More information on the flower-making event is here. Accompanying Vaughan’s Project 42 exhibits are performance pieces, in which a collaborator wears one of the dresses and commemorates and celebrates the individual, an act that Vaughan describes as “the returning of humanity and the sharing of missed opportunities.” The SAM exhibit will include several of such performances, presented as occasional pop-up (unannounced) pieces. On Mother’s Day, dancer Randy Ford performed a beautiful, emotional piece wearing the dress honoring Deja Jones, in which she danced in remembrance to Mary J. Blige’s “No More Drama,” which talks about moving past hurt and pain. The performances enable the pieces to come alive, if you’re lucky enough to catch one. If not, your imagination — of the piece flowing on a live human it memorializes, rather than on a gallery wall — will work, too. Vaughan’s complete Project 42 collection (not currently on display) includes another dozen or so pieces, and her aim is to reach 42 in total. One piece is in the Henry Art Museum’s collection, and was displayed there in a 2016 exhibit called Trans Hirstory in 99 Objects. The dress commemorates Brandy Martell, who was murdered at age 37 by multiple gunshot wounds, in downtown Oakland, California. Vaughan also celebrates the beauty of the living. Her exhibition at the Bryan Ohno Gallery in the International District included four large paintings celebrating female beauty through hair designs on colorful backgrounds. The Ohno gallery exhibition closed last month, but you can see some of her paintings and other pieces online here. Vaughan’s Project 42 exhibit at SAM runs through 8/5. Admission on First Thursday is free, along with the flower-making event (on June’s First Thursday, 6/7) with the artist. Admission on other days is $20, which includes admission to SAM’s many other galleries and permanent exhibits; ticket info can be found here. SAM is Wednesday-Sunday 10 am to 5 pm; extended hours Thursday (open to 9 pm). Closed Monday and Tuesday. Tags: First Thursday Art Walk, Flower Making, Interactive Art, Jono Vaughan, Jono Vaughan: Project 42, Murders Of Transgender Women, SAM, Seattle Art Museum, Transgender Lives About the Author: R Barron R. Barron is in finance by day and, more often than not, a theatre seat by night. R. dabbles in writing and directing, with particular focus on issues of justice, queer and trans experience, and systems of control (incarceration, constitutional theory, family, religion, and political representation, among others). R. is an Artistic Connector with Other Voices Theatre and the Other Voices Calendar (http://localendar.com/public/othervoices), a new project that seeks to promote stories from underrepresented voices in theatre. SAM’s New Exhibit Gets Radical With The Victorians Legendary Children Returns To Seattle Art Museum “Jeffrey Gibson: Like a Hammer” Opens This Week... SAM News: “Peacock” Closes Jan 21 And “Like...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1943
__label__cc	0.703787	0.296213	Rome Office The Tournillon House is located in the Lakeview neighborhood of New Orleans, Louisiana, on a 50-foot wide plot of land that was originally two 25'x145' lots. This neighborhood was subject to a catastrophic levee breach during Hurricane Katrina and lost a large percentage of its housing stock. In an effort to preserve the original urban fabric of the neighborhood, the Tournillon House was conceived as two separate gable structures; reminiscent of the scale and form of the typical New Orleans shot-gun houses that had existed in the neighborhood prior to the hurricane. The programmatic elements of the house were separated into the two gable-topped “bars” based on their public or private nature. The space between the bars is solely used for circulation on the exterior and interior of the house, emphasizing its role as a void between the two structures. While the bars read as solid masses on the exterior, the interior spaces are full of natural light made possible by carefully considered carvings in the masses. For example, the arched ceiling of the public bar provides a long, angled slot to redirect harsh southern sunlight and provide a soft wash of light throughout the day. Additionally, there is a cut through the gable of the public bar that aligns with a skylight in the foyer, which allows a view of the sky while standing at the kitchen island. Most of the materials used were locally sourced, notably: the exterior brick and the cypress siding, decking, floors and stairs. Energy savings were maximized by the use of separate functioning HVAC systems for each of the bars and the incorporation of 18 PV panels on the roof of the garage. The natural light levels in the house make it so that the owners only need to use a small fraction of the electricity that is typically consumed over a year. photography: Hunter Holder	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1944
__label__cc	0.595773	0.404227	AfricaForeignOpinions Why the International System is Not Our Friend written by Royal Times of Nigeria December 23, 2018 Whether it is by telling incomplete and one-sided narratives of history or keeping African nations out of the global power elite, one thing is clear. The international system is determined to keep this continent down. This is not to say that the international system is maliciously subjugating our part of the world for no reason. Not at all. The truth of the matter is that the global capitalist system benefits from underdevelopment in some parts of the world. It depends on poverty and underdevelopment on one side so that there can be prosperity and development on the other. One of the best examples of this is in a basic device that we all own. Tantalum is a very rare and valuable mineral used in mobile phones. 80% of the world’s tantalum is found in Africa, mostly in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Many international corporations have imported the mineral from the Congo for use in Europe, Asia, and the United States. “Stolen” would be a more accurate word to describe the tantalum trade than “imported”, however, as the trade is conducted using rebel groups which encourage violence and infringe upon the basic rights of the state of Congo. According to international as well as Congolese law, the tantalum trade is illegal, as it violates the state of Congo’s right to implement economic development to benefit its citizens. However, the international system allows the illicit trade of tantalum to continue, as its most powerful states – the United States, Japan, and the European Union – benefit from the exploitation of this part of the world. This is why we cannot continue to expect any meaningful aid from the international system or the powerful countries that dominate it. They are well aware of the fact that their oil companies are destroying the South of our country. They are also well aware of the fact that thousands on this continent continue to die of easily curable diseases while one of their biggest health challenges is that their people have too much food to eat. In light of all of this, the international system continues to benefit from exploitation and fight for its right to do so. They have found colourful ways to describe the inequalities that they perpetuate. “Third World” versus “First World” or “Global North” versus “Global South”. Somehow the international system is able to acknowledge that there are vast inequalities in wealth and development between some parts of the world and others. However, somehow, they are blind to the fact that the current distribution in power between within the international system depends on some parts of the world struggling with conditions of poverty. The truth is that they are happy to let parts of the world suffer as long as it means that their countries enjoy some level of security. This is very aptly illustrated by the Bengal Famine of 1943. India, then still a British Colony, faced a devastating famine in the North-Eastern region of Bengal in which at least 3 million people were believed to have died. Meanwhile, 170,000 tons of wheat from Australia were transported right past the starving people of India to Britain for storage, not even immediate consumption. The British Empire was happy to siphon resources from India, but allowed the Indian people to starve despite having a surplus of food just a few thousand kilometres away. This is the same way that the international system allows its selfish desires for material gain trump basic human and state rights established by its own international conventions to this day. If we are to take any lessons from all of this, we must realise that the international system and the states which dominate it are not to be trusted. The conditional aid that they offer us at times is nothing compared to the capacity for growth and development that they have stolen from us. Funmilayo Adetokunbo A-A, a political and International Affairs Analyst, writes from Somerset, England, United Kingdom. Royal Times of Nigeria Ozil set for Arsenal return and has a future at club – Emery Nigeria’s New Minimum Wage; Is That All? Breaking: China expels North Korean firms Ram Nath Kovind elected India’s 14th President Two UN peacekeepers killed in Mali helicopter crash Eagles Arrive in Johannesburg, Omeruo insists it’s revenge... Kenya’s chief justice warns President Kenyatta Zimbabwe’s ZANU-PF wins majority in parliament Women protest police’s crackdown on protesters in Guinea Independence: Spain shuts Catalan Parliament Libya resumes oil exports from east Jehovah’s witnesses drag Russia to European court	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1945
__label__wiki	0.709758	0.709758	Coaching out of the box Two thoughts regarding Paul Guenther’s recent remarks about Browns quarterback Johnny Manziel. First, why would the defensive coordinator of the Cincinnati Bengals say anything publicly about the second-string quarterback of a division opponent? “Honestly, I think the kid needs more time before anyone writes him off,” Guenther told ESPN recently. He meant Manziel, whose struggles in his rookie season have been well documented, needs more time to develop as a professional quarterback. “Drew Brees did it,” he continued, referring to the New Orleans Saints quarterback who entered the National Football League in 2001 with the same height problem as Manziel. “I know Drew is a little bit thicker than Johnny, but about the same height.” Truth is Manziel is a mere half-inch shorter than Brees and a few pounds heavier if we are to believe the stats put out by the teams. “I don’t see any reason why he can’t do it up there (in Cleveland),” Guenther said. “He was such a high profile guy out of college and everyone expected what he did at Texas A&M, but it’s a man’s game. It’s a lot different (in the NFL) and it takes time. You have to take your lumps a little bit.” Like the 30-0 embarrassment in Cleveland that was Manziel’s professional starting debut against the Bengals late last season. Two interceptions, three sacks and 80 yards through the air was as humbling a debut as any quarterback for the Browns since can’t remember when. Lumps from that game are just starting to disappear. “I think he has good feet, is obviously a threat to run it and I think in the right system he can be a good player,” Guenther continued, obliquely suggesting he is not a fit in Cleveland because the Browns don’t run the right system. “There was so much expected in his first game and maybe some of that was self-warranted, but it was so much from the fan base that you have to let him make mistakes.” In no way, though, did the interview unlock the mystery as to why Guenther was talking about a rival quarterback. He’s got enough to worry about with his team to be concerned with someone like Manziel. It’s a head scratcher. Now for the second thought. Guenther compared Manziel to Brees. Wrong quarterback. It should have been Seattle’s Russell Wilson. Manziel is the anti-Brees quarterback for a number of reasons. First of all, the Saints’ quarterback has a terrific arm. Always did. Manziel’s is good, but not nearly as strong as Brees’. He was a pocket-loving, gun-slinging quarterback coming out of Purdue and hasn’t stopped yet. Manziel, on the other hand, was not strictly a passer coming out of A&M. His game was predicated on making plays any way he could whether it was with his arm or feet. The ability to use his feet well was his greatest asset in college and he took full advantage. Brees’ greatest asset? His arm and the ability to quickly find and then hit the open receiver. He scored only 15 touchdowns in his three-plus years at Purdue, but threw 90 touchdown passes with 45 interceptions (20 in his sophomore season). He ran for 900 yards, 521 as a senior. Manziel in college ran instinctively when his first two receivers (often times only one) weren’t open. He compiled an amazing 1,410 yards on the ground (on 201 carries, many of them designed) in his first season with the Aggies, scoring 21 TDs. He amassed 5,116 yards of total offense in his Heisman Trophy winning season with 47 total touchdowns and a comparatively low 22 interceptions in 595 throws. He used his feet to bail himself out in college when he had trouble finding his target, which was too often. He gave up early on plays. In the limited time we have seen him with the Browns, he still bolts from the pocket way too soon. Brees knew exactly what to do when that happened in college and did not bail prematurely. His patience and ability to sense the pass rush were rewarded. And it hasn’t changed in the NFL. Now let’s turn to Wilson. Shorter than Manziel by nearly two inches, he is much more like the Cleveland quarterback than Brees insofar as to what he is capable of doing with one notable exception. He often bails early, but his ability to escape pressure and buy time combined with his innate sense of knowing where that pressure is coming from and making the right play at the right time is what separates him from other NFL quarterbacks. Manziel failed miserably at that last season in his brief appearances. If Guenther was using Brees as inspiration for Manziel, wrong again. Brees has carved out a solid career in 14 seasons, but has been to just one Super Bowl and won it. Wilson has been to two Super Bowls in his first three seasons and won one. If there is anyone for Manziel to aspire to, it should be Wilson. Other than that, coach Guenther, carry on. Nothing to lose with Pryor, but back off the excitement So what’s to make of the Browns claiming Terrelle Pryor off National Football League waivers Monday? Not sure what position to place in front of his first name. Quarterback? Wide receiver? If it’s quarterback, he automatically becomes the second-best at that position on the team. If it’s wide receiver, don't get too excited. The ex-Buckeye quarterback sure knows how to play the former position. Did it very well at Ohio State. Struggled to translate his game to the NFL, though. After crashing and burning with four teams (Oakland, Seattle, Kansas City and Cincinnati), Pryor had decided that switching to wide receiver is his last chance to prolong his professional career. The Browns have made it clear that Pryor will begin training camp next month as a wide receiver. He will be like a baby just out of the womb when it comes to catching footballs. After spending his entire life throwing the prolate spheroid, seeing the opposite end heading his way will be somewhat like culture shock to the nearly 6-5, 235-pounder. So when he tweets that “I will make a great WR” after making the switch upon his release from the Bengals, he has no idea what life is like away from lining up either under or behind the center. Unless he’s the greatest athlete since Jim Brown ever to pull on a Browns jersey, he will encounter all kinds of problems as he learns a position so radically different than the one he’s used to. Instead of watching his receivers run routes, he will run them himself. It takes many years to learn the nuances of the position and he will have to be a sensationally quick study to come even close in camp. Receivers run much more than quarterbacks. They must run precise routes. They are called on to block. That’s the mental part of the game Pryor might find difficult. About the only area Pryor will find simpler is learning the playbook. Far less to absorb. Quarterbacks are charged with the most responsibility of any player on the team on either side of the ball. Route discipline, especially in the Browns’ conservative move-the-ball–slowly offense this season, is essential. It is not learned overnight. Recognition of what the opposition is doing on defense also will be new to Pryor. Catching the ball while on the move with someone headed in your general direction can play havoc with your concentration. The kind of hits wideouts absorb is significantly different than those taken by quarterbacks. A plus are his large hands. It is going to be a long, uphill climb for the desperate Pryor. There have been a few quarterbacks who made a successful switch from quarterback to wide receiver, the most notable being Hines Ward, who quarterbacked at Georgia. Some like Matt Jones and Brad Smith failed. Others like Joshua Cribbs, Antwaan Randle El, Marlin Briscoe, Freddie Solomon and Gene Washington found moderate success. But none of the above ever made the switch this late in their careers. That’s what is facing Pryor, who it would appear is going to have to learn to play the game all over again from a much different perspective. So while the move by the Browns is probably being met with some excitement in some quarters of Browns Nation, cautious optimism is about the best they can hope for with the ex-quarterback, especially since the club's weak receivers corps can't get any worse. RIP Johnny Football? So Johnny Football is gone. Dead and buried. Never to be heard from again. So, too, is the money sign. You know that stupid little thing when Johnny Football – oops, sorry – make that Johnny Manziel rubs the thumb on his hands together with his index and middle fingers after a touchdown he produces. Gone. Dead and buried. Never to be seen again. Why? Because that’s what Manziel declared the other day to the Cleveland media. And then, like most of what Manziel says or does these days, it went viral. The declaration went world wide. Yep. The days of Johnny Football are now just a small slice of football history. Rest in peace. Do you buy that? Sure, Manziel confessed the image he established and then nurtured at Texas A&M proved a massive distraction once he entered the world of professional football. He said as much to the media. “I feel bad about that today,” he said with a straight face. “I feel bad about that throughout the last months of my life really thinking back and seeing how much of my life outside of this field and outside of this locker room was documented.” He further admitted he could not handle the persona that accompanied him to the National Football League. “It just overtook who I was as a person,” he said. “I think at times Johnny Football probably took over me a little bit, too, and I bought into that.” Continuing his self-analysis, Manziel said, “I think I didn’t do my best to hush things down, push down the hype. I think at times I welcomed it with immaturity and just accepted that a little bit. And that’s my fault.” It sure is easy to look back and second-guess your behavior and label it immature while issuing what amounts to a giant mea culpa. It never occurred to Manziel that he was a sideshow as the 2014 season unfolded? It never occurred to him he was living under a microscope? And it never occurred to him he was a polarizing figure? Really? It began with the “hurry up and draft me because I want to be there; I want to wreck this league together” text he sent then Browns quarterbacks coach Dowell Loggains on college draft night last year. It then spiraled out of control from there and wound up with two awful performances as a starter when he replaced an ineffective Brian Hoyer toward the tail end of last season. So it’s good to know Johnny Football and the money signs are gone from the Cleveland sports scene. (But the cynic in me says they will reappear somewhere down the line when Manziel eventually moves on to another NFL team.) All it took was one season of reckless behavior as an NFL rookie to come to the conclusion that one year was all that was needed for Manziel to grow up. No more outside distractions. It’s all about football now. “I just want to be a another player on this team who is in here trying to get better and just trying to be successful,” he said. “My focus is on football. It’s what I’m here to do. It’s what I love to do and that’s what I’m here to talk about.” Referring to his 10-week stay this past spring at a rehab center in Pennsylvania for what was reportedly a drinking problem, he later added, ”I’m trying to close a chapter of my life and move forward and continue to build on things I’ve done throughout this offseason.” All the right words uttered with an appearance of sincerity. But for some reason, they come off as disingenuous. Manziel has enjoyed the glory and the attention for too long to shut it off just like that. We are being led to believe he will be just one of the guys from now on. No outside distractions. No nonsense. Just football. So . . . do you buy the notion that the Browns quarterback who wears No. 2 this season is a changed young man? I’ll cast the first vote: No. Posted by Rich Passan at 7:59 AM 6 comments: Good luck, coach Mike Pettine has declared the latest Johnny Manziel escapade a non-story. The Browns’ head coach is absolutely correct. But that does not eliminate a problem. When Manziel tossed a partially loaded water bottle in the direction of a heckler at a professional golf tournament last weekend in Dallas, it became international news. OK, that’s an exaggeration. But it took on a much larger meaning than it should have because it involved one of the stars of the TMZ World who happens to play quarterback for the Browns. What it should not be is one of the items on Pettine’s agenda. He has much more to worry about than Manziel. Much, much, much more. And yet, there it is. Yes, it is a non-story that has become a story in spite of being a non-story. And it joins the list of other Manziel off-the-field exploits that were much more newsworthy than this. Taking time out to talk about his quarterback’s off-the-field life is nothing more than annoyance for Pettine. He, of course, would much rather discuss the positives about the changed Manziel. He can and does, but it is overshadowed by incidents such as the latest one. Unfortunately, that will continue to be the case because Manziel is a human magnet when it comes to trouble. It seeks – and usually finds – him rather than the other way around. It will remain that way as long as he pursues a career in professional football. Whether it’s with the Browns or some other National Football League team, he will be the focus regardless of his status with the team. Whether or not he did it deliberately, he built and nurtured the Manziel brand. He has made himself a target. He’s Johnny Football. A former Heisman Trophy winner. He cannot escape the world he created. He brought it on himself. Practically every move he makes is scrutinized. Not fair and yet a reality of life. He has no private life. When he steps out in public, the world becomes one gigantic camera. He is a lightning rod. He can’t get out of his own way. There are a lot of crazy people lurking out there to make life miserable for him. It’s as though he walks around with an enormous bull’s-eye on his back that beckons trouble. While at Texas A&M, Manziel enjoyed wearing that target. He was a star there. It’s a whole lot different now. Now, he is discovering that unless you translate collegiate success into pro football success, all that glitz and glamour is nothing more than a distraction, an impediment to the ultimate goal. There’s an excellent chance we’ll never know how good Manziel can be as a pro. His non-football adventures have become a mitigating factor. Coaches have enough to do without outside interference. It is something with which Pettine has to deal as long as he and Manziel are employed by the Browns. Manziel needs to keep the lowest of low profiles from now on if he is serious about his job. Moving to a golf community from his downtown Cleveland digs was a step in the right direction. But he’s still only 22 years old and likes to have a good time. That, of course, flies in the face of the low profile the club probably wishes he would keep. Is there a solution? Probably not. Will the media pester Pettine again this season about his backup quarterback’s behavior? Count on it. Comes with the territory. Pettine’s biggest challenge will be to make certain the rest of his locker room is not distracted by whatever trouble in which Manziel eventually finds himself embroiled. His team will have enough trouble maintaining focus in what is certain to be a pivotal season with regard to the coach’s future employment. As for Manziel, his situation is one he’s going to have to live with for the rest of his professional football career. Once that stops, his TMZ World comes crashing down. Where and when that stops, though, is anyone’s guess.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1947
__label__cc	0.731098	0.268902	734 W. Ingomar Rd. Pittsburgh, PA 15237 FINRA Broker Check Business/Employee Benefits Our Personal Story On October 25, 2015 my healthy, happy, and handsome 32-year old husband left our house to run a race. Never, in a million years, would I have thought he wouldn't make it home. Our daughter was two weeks away from her third birthday, and our son was just five months old. Like a lot of young families we were living paycheck to paycheck, and we didn't have much in savings, because we figured we had time for all of that. Mike was the breadwinner in our family, and his paychecks supported us. Clearly, when I learned of his passing, paying the bills was the last thing on my mind. But just ONE WEEK later, I got a notice that if I couldn't cover the full cost for our health insurance, now out of pocket, it would be canceled. When you die, there is no severance package. There are no more paychecks. But the world around you continues on. The mortgage, car payments, and bills, are all still there. So now, not only did I have to figure out how to just get out of bed to take care of our children, but I also had to figure out how to get expenses paid so we could just live. He did have a life insurance policy through work, which was equal to just one year's salary. A large portion of this immediately went to final expenses, and the rest allowed us to stay in our home and figure out the next steps. Today, it has almost been two years. That insurance through Mike's work was there when we needed it, but is now gone. The kids and I still have a lifetime ahead of us. Thankfully, Mike had some additional insurance in place. I cannot stress enough how important it is to have a life insurance policy and a plan that you own yourself-in addition to whatever you have from work-to make sure that your loved ones are protected in case of such an unexpected tragedy. Don't wait. You never think this is going to happen to you, but when it's too late, it's too late. Securities offered through The O.N. Equity Sales Company Member FINRA/SIPC, One Financial Way Cincinnati, Ohio 45242 (513) 794-6794. Riverfront Financial and The O.N. Equity Sales Company are unaffiliated companies. Copyright © 2019 Riverfront Financial. All Rights Reserved.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1949
__label__wiki	0.695071	0.695071	$5,000—$10,000 Year 2yr/Community College Business, Engineering, Hospitality and Tourism AACC Schools, HLC, ACBSP TOEFL: No requirements, IELTS: No requirements Founded in 1887 by a Scottish immigrant, Sinclair is a comprehensive two-year public college that offers more than 200 degrees and certificates in academic and technical programs. Widely known as one of the best community colleges in the nation and recognized as a leader in career-orientated education, Sinclair strives to provide the best opportunities for its students. Why Do International Students Choose Sinclair Community College? Academic excellence and real world experience: success in the job market! One of the lowest tuitions in the United States in a vibrant city with a low cost of living A convenient and safe urban campus in the heart of the city State-of-the-art facilities: modern laboratories, award-winning library, theater and art galleries, cutting-edge technology and a physical activities center A caring, nurturing environment with small class sizes and award winning student services The opportunity to take their first two years of a 4-year degree at an institution named one of the best in the country by the New York Times Seamless transfer to some of the most prestigious 4-year institutions in the United States Sinclair is located in downtown Dayton, Ohio, 50 minutes north of Cincinnati and 90 minutes west of Columbus. Dayton—the Gem City—is the sixth largest city in the state, known the world over as the birthplace of modern aviation. Founded in 1796 as a trade center that helped spread settlements across the American Midwest, the city would later produce prominent artists and inventors, such as Paul Laurence Dunbar, Charles Kettering and the Wright Brothers. Through the twentieth century, Dayton grew from a manufacturing center to a hub of health care, aerospace and defense research, with Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, one the U.S. Air Force’s largest bases, being officially organized in 1948. Today, Dayton continues to grow as a world leader in aerospace technology research and innovation. Two + Two/University Transfer Programs Complete the first two years of academic studies at Sinclair Community College, then transfer and complete the next two years at a university for a four-year bachelor’s degree! Sinclair has guaranteed Transfer Agreements with: University of Dayton, Wright State University, University of Cincinnati, Miami University, Ohio University, Antioch University, Franklin University and the Ohio State University, among others. University parallel programs include: Our international students have also successfully transferred to Purdue University, Georgia Institute of Technology, University of North Carolina, Stony Brook University, Indiana University, Southern Connecticut State University and many others. Programs of Study and Career Pathway Sinclair offers a wide range of transferable general education and occupational courses that can help students prepare for a career. Many international students leave Sinclair ready to enter fields such as: Aviation Science English Now - Intensive ESL program Support Services for International Students The International Education Office at Sinclair Community College is dedicated to assisting international students in the areas of admissions, F-1 visa regulation advice, academic advising, orientation, workshops and other activities to make sure students have the best possible experience studying in the U.S. Some of the services provided include: Free tutorial center New International Student Orientation Clubs, sports, cultural workshops and activities: concerts, theater, thought-provoking speakers, exercise classes at the fitness center Accreditation and National Recognition: Sinclair Community College is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association and is a member of the Ohio Association of Colleges. Our college is one of 19 board member institutions (out of more than 1,200 community colleges) in the League for Innovation in the Community College. Sinclair has also received national recognition from publications such as the New York Times. What Do International Students Say about Sinclair? Honggan Choi (South Korea) “As an international student, I think starting at Sinclair is an excellent and effective way to transfer to a four-year university. I also wanted to learn English, and Sinclair is a good place for learning English.” Ruoxi Guo (China) “I chose Sinclair because it has my favorite major. I also love the campus environment.” Juan Garcia (Columbia) “At Sinclair, professors really care about teaching and have a clear interest in students’ learning.” Fabio Rosa (Brazil) “I chose Sinclair, because it is a very good college and very affordable. After I finish my studies at Sinclair, I plan to transfer to transfer to a university and earn a bachelor’s degree in accounting.” For more information: Sinclair College 444 W 3rd St 5386 Courseview Drive Mason OH 45040 Applied Engineering Sciences Geographic Information Science Aviation Maintenance University Transfer Apply Now Visit School Website Desired Degree Level select Bachelor Degree 2yr/Community College Summer English Programs Certificate/Short Term	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1951
__label__wiki	0.865375	0.865375	An Island of Orthodoxy in the Capital of Ireland Ireland gives the impression of being a peaceful and blessed country, particularly to a traveler who sets foot on its soil for the first time. Smooth landscapes with green grass and grazing sheep bring back memories of the Britain I am familiar with and rather attached to. However, Ireland does not know the rush and bustle which sometimes sweep away English splendor like a whirlwind. The Irish land, enlightened and blessed by St. Patrick, produced hundreds of saints in the period when Rome still had unity with the Church of Christ. Irish spirituality, which has not yet become extinct completely and has not yet been eradicated across the country, fills local residents with compassion and kindness, and helps them remain self-sacrificing and not indifferent to the problems of others. True, only fragments remain of the once-pious nation which is even more divided because of the spirit of secularism and the passage of anti-Christian laws, including the legalization of so-called “same-sex marriages”. But even under these circumstances the Good News of Christ is still being spread here, for the Orthodox faith exists in modern-day Ireland. Orthodox presence in Ireland is gradually growing: according to the 2016 population census, 62,00 Orthodox Christians currently live in the country, which is thirty-seven per cent higher than in 2011. Now parishes of five Orthodox jurisdictions are active here: the Patriarchate of Constantinople, the Churches of Romania, Serbia, Antioch and the Patriarchate of Moscow. The Russian parishes are not numerous—there are only seven of them across the island, but a Russian Orthodox community acquired ownership of the Church of Sts. Peter and Paul at Harold’s Cross Road, Dublin. This parish was re-established in the early 2000s by Priest Michael (Mikhail) Gogolev from England. The church building was found by his efforts as well. At first the church was leased, and in 2013 it was purchased with the funds raised by the parishioners and with partial support of the Diocese of Sourozh. The current rector of the St. Peter and St. Paul’s Church, Priest Michael Nasonov, has served in Dublin since 2011. Born in Sevastopol, he later graduated from the St. Petersburg School of Religion and Philosophy and the St. Sergius Theological Orthodox Institute in Paris. He was ordained a priest in March 2002. Fr. Michael worked as Vice-Rector of the Kostroma Theological Seminary and as a teacher at the St. Tikhon Orthodox University of Humanities in Moscow. I took the opportunity to talk to Fr. Michael in Dublin during my short trip to Ireland. Source: Pravoslavie.ru	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1952
__label__wiki	0.799182	0.799182	US Supreme Court Center > Volume 216 > UNITED STATES V. PLOWMAN, 216 U. S. 372 (1910) > Full Text UNITED STATES V. PLOWMAN, 216 U. S. 372 (1910) United States v. Plowman, 216 U.S. 372 (1910) ERROR TO THE CIRCUIT COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT The authority for cutting timber from the public domain under the Act of June 3, 1878, c. 150, 20 Stat. 88, extends only to land valuable for minerals, and not to lands adjacent thereto and not actually valuable for minerals. Although the purpose of a statute may be defeated by it qualifications, courts, in construing it, are bound by word that are explicit and unmistakable in meaning. 151 F. 1022 reversed. MR. JUSTICE HOLMES delivered the opinion of the Court. This is an action to recover the value of timber cut from the public domain in Idaho. The defendant justifies under the Act of June 3, 1878, c. 150, 20 Stat. 88. That act authorizes citizens of the United States and other persons, bona fide residents of certain states and territories, including Idaho, "and all other mineral districts of the United States," to cut "for building, agricultural, mining, or other domestic purposes, any timber or other trees growing or being on the public lands, said lands being mineral, and not subject to entry under existing laws of the United States, except for mineral entry" in the state, territory, or district of their residence. This authority is given subject to regulation by the Secretary of the Interior for the protection of the timber and undergrowth, and is not given to railroads. The only question before us is how far the authority extends with reference to the specific land upon which the wood is cut. There was a trial by jury, and the issue is exhibited sufficiently by a passage or two from the charge, and the instructions asked on behalf of the government, but refused. The passages from the charge are as follows: "The law cannot be construed to limit the cutting of timber simply to ground that is known to contain mineral, or ground which is or which might be legally located as a mining claim. . . . The law includes as mineral lands not only those tracts in which mineral has actually been discovered, and which have been or could be legally located as mining locations, but also all other lands lying in reasonably close proximity to or in the general neighborhood of such known mineral tracts. . . . Take, for instance, a large section of country. . . . There in the lower part of the map, as you will see, is a section of country about six miles square; the upper part indicates another section six miles square. We will suppose now there are found here and there in that section of country mineral locations. They may not be contiguous; they may even be some distance apart; but you will be justified, under the law as I have given it to you, in holding all that particular section of country to be mineral ground. . . . The question for you to decide is not whether those little tracts on that map there -- the ground cut over by the defendant -- contain mineral, but whether that whole section of country surrounding that for miles around is what may be denominated a mineral country. If you find it is a mineral country within the meaning of the law as I have defined it to you, then your verdict must be for the defendant." The government asked for instructions that it was not sufficient to show that the land in question was adjacent to lands valuable for mineral purposes, but that the authority given by the act extended only to lands valuable for minerals. It is needless to set them forth at length. There was a verdict and judgment for the defendant. The ruling and refusals were excepted to, but the exceptions were overruled, and the judgment affirmed by the circuit court of appeals, 151 F. 1022, on the authority of United States v. Basic Co., 121 F. 504, and United States v. Rossi, 133 F. 380. The case then was brought to this Court. The instructions appear to us to have paid too little regard to the words of the act, defining the land on which it permits timber to be cut as "mineral, and not subject to entry under existing laws of the United States, except for mineral entry." As was said in Northern Pacific R. Co. v. Lewis, 162 U. S. 366, 162 U. S. 376, "the right to cut is exceptional and quite narrow," and the party claiming the right must prove it. The only lands excluded in 1878 or now from any but mineral entry are lands "valuable for minerals" or containing "valuable mineral deposits." Rev.Stat. §§ 2302, 2318, 2319. See § 2320. The matter was much discussed in Davis v. Wiebbold, 139 U. S. 507, and there it was said that the exceptions of mineral land from preemption and settlement, etc., "are not held to exclude all lands in which minerals may be found, but only those where the mineral is in sufficient quantity to add to their richness and to justify expenditure for its extraction, and known to be so at the date of the grant." P. 139 U. S. 519. A Land Department rule is quoted, with seeming approval, that "if the land is worth more for agriculture than mining, it is not mineral land, although it may contain some measure of gold or silver," pp. 139 U. S. 521-522, citing United States v. Reed, 28 F. 482. Again, it was said: "The exception of mineral lands from grant in the Acts of Congress should be considered to apply only to such lands as were at the time of the grant, known to be so valuable for their minerals as to justify expenditure for their extraction." P. 139 U. S. 524. These are the tests to which the Act of 1878 must be taken to refer, since it refers to and rests upon the statutes construed to adopt these tests. It is said that such a construction empties the statute of all its use, because if the land is known to be valuable for minerals, a mining claim to it will be located, only the owners of which can cut the timber, whereas the statute gives the right to all residents. If that were true, courts still would be bound by the explicit and unmistakable words. It is not unknown, when opinion is divided, that qualifications sometimes are inserted into an act that are hoped to make it ineffective. But the objection is stated too strongly. As pointed out at the argument, in 1878, probably there was a great deal of mineral land still unexplored on which claims had not been located, not to speak of mere exceptional cases in which the act would apply. The regulations of the Secretary of the Interior for a long time, and it would seem always, have been in accord with our opinion and the language of the act. Judgment reversed. Powered by Justia US Supreme Court Center: UNITED STATES V. PLOWMAN, 216 U. S. 372 (1910)	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1956
__label__wiki	0.932507	0.932507	Manahoacs History Stafford County is one of America's oldest and most historical counties. Many have called Stafford home throughout its long history. Our most famous resident was of course the father of our country President George Washington. Aquia sandstone was selected by President Washington when building our nation's two most important historical structures, the U.S. Capitol and the White House. The Manahoacs were Indians that also called Stafford home. It is because we have such a rich history that the Stafford Lacrosse Association chose the name "Manahoacs" for its team name. The Manahoacs were part of a tribal group that originated in the Ohio Valley and were of the Siouan linguistic family. It is thought that they were probably related to the Monacan, Moneton, and Tutelo tribes. The Virginia Manahoacs occupied the territory from the Potomac River in the north to the North Anna River in the south and from the falls of the rivers to the mountains. The only Manahoac village known by name was Mahaskohod, located along the Rappahannock River. When Capt. John Smith "discovered" them in 1608, they were at war with the Powhatan Empire. According to President Thomas Jefferson the Manahoacs lived on the Rappahannock River in Stafford County. Lacrosse is the oldest sport in North America, with its origin dating back to the 1400's. It did not become generally known and talked about until the 1600's when a Jesuit missionary named Jean de Brebeuf saw the Hyron Indians play it. In a report to his superiors he stated little about the actual play of the game but seemed to be intriqued by the stick the indians used while playing. He likened the stick the indians competed with to the "crosier" carried at religious ceremonies by a bishop. Thus, the name la crosse evolved, and this later became simply "lacrosse". Indian lacrosse was a mass game. Teams were often made up of one hundred to one thousand braves on each side. Games lasted from sunup to sundown and stretched over the course of two or three days. Lacrosse games were originally used to toughen braves for actual combat. There were times when games were played between two tribes to settle their differences or disputes. In the early 1800's the French pioneers started playing lacrosse seriously. It was with their participation in the sport that came the first signs of turning lacrosse into a civilized game. In the early 1900's lacrosse became recognized as a "force to be reckoned with". It was during this time that the game ws first played in Olympic competition, and the United States Intercollegiate Lacrosse League (USILL) was formed. In 1926, the USILL was replaced by the United States Intercollegiate Lacrosse Association, which is still the governing body of lacrosse today. Lacrosse is a combination of football, hockey and basketball. It has been called the fastest game on two feet and is a grueling test of stamina. There are 10 positions on a team (one goalie, three attackmen, three midfielders, and three defensemen). The object of the game is to put a 5 oz. hard-rubber ball into your opponent's net with a long-handled stick with a triangular pocket at the end, while keeping your opponent from doing the same to you. Like soccer, lacrosse is played on an open field with goals at both ends; like hockey, the players carry sticks and can roam behind the net; like basketball, the offensive players set picks and run patterned offenses and fast breaks, while the defenses are man-to-man or zone. Basketball inventor James Naismith was a lacrosse player in the laste 1800's. Glen (Pop) Warner, famed football coach, substituted lacrosse at a Carlisle, PA, Indian School for baseball because, "Lacrosse is a developer of health and strength. It is a game that spectators rave over once they understand it," he said. He undoubtedly had an ulterior motive. Lacrosse, a contact sport, helped prepare his grid warriors for the fall season. The National Collegiate Athletic Association eventually took over the directing of intercollegiate lacrosse. The first NCAA Lacrosse Championship was held in 1971. With the support of the NCAA, the sport has continued to grow as more and more youngsters reenact this modern version of the Indian tribal game.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1959
__label__wiki	0.747027	0.747027	Synesthesia, Parataxic Distortion, and the Shadow A Show of Paintings by Damian Loeb September 3 – October 6, 2008 Damian Loeb, The Color of Money, 2007 Oil on linen, 36 x 84 inches Damian Loeb, Hypnogogia, 2008 Damian Loeb, Straw Dogs, 2008 Damian Loeb, M, 2005 New York, NY (July 2008)—Nearly 20 new paintings by the American artist Damian Loeb (b. 1970), known for his "hyper-realistic paintings" created from collages of found images and still frames from classic movies, will be shown at Acquavella Galleries from September 5 through October 7, 2008, to launch the fall season there. Inspired by his fascination with film, television commercials and photography found in popular culture, Loeb takes fleeting images, changes their context and recreates them in a way that reveals the true depth of their ominous undercurrents in his work. The terminology in the exhibition's title, Synesthesia, Parataxic Distortion, and the Shadow: A Show of Paintings by Damian Loeb, comes from the titles for three of the smaller (12 x 24 inches), oil-on-linen paintings featured in the show; all of which pertain to psychological terms that either directly reference ideas of perception and subjectivity or refer to emotional states that can affect observation. "Damian Loeb is one of the most innovative figurative painters of his generation. By hand-painting striking images sourced from diverse aspects of today's technological culture, he successfully combines skill and imagination," said Alexander Acquavella, a director of Acquavella Galleries. The artist, an avid fan of cinema, is influenced by the "constantly evolving visual vocabulary" found in the movies he loves, which he believes has informed and educated his ability to see. In creating these new paintings, he taught himself photography to create these images. "In creating the images I used as the basis for this collection," Loeb continued, "I shot all the time, constantly looking through the camera instead of over it, searching for what has now become universally familiar, painting them as if I was the director. Focusing on both the narrative and scene setting, but careful never to interfere through instruction or forced lighting, I eventually managed to find ways to compose and capture these very specific 'personal film stills.' These images are solidified and codified through the act of painting them on canvas where they can be viewed as a new chapter in a conversation exemplified by artists as diverse as Vermeer, Balthus, Millais and Fischl, as well as the theatrical visions of the Lumière brothers and the language created by master directors like Hitchcock, Kubrick and Spielberg." Among the highlights of Synesthesia, Parataxic Distortion, and the Shadow: A Show of Paintings by Damian Loeb is The High and the Mighty (2007), an oil on linen, which depicts an airplane view of the ground below in a colorful blur as the plane speeds past. The title is derived from the 1954 John Wayne drama in which everything that can go wrong does and portrays how people deal with the idea of disaster. It also is emblematic of the artist's dislike of flying. M (2005), another of the large (36 x 84 inches), featured oils on linen in the exhibition, places the viewer in the swimming pool, eye-level to the water, peering at a young, blond girl in a blue print bikini as she sun bathes on her stomach while lying on a raft. She appears unaware that she is being watched. Loeb explains that the title comes from the 1931 film of the same name, directed by Fritz Lang and starring Peter Lorre, "about a nasty fellow who can't help but kill little girls….Lang does an incredible job of making you see through Peter Lorre's eyes and empathize with the character despite his evil as he is trapped like a rat by the underground people of the city and attempts to defend himself," he said. Pareidolia (2008), is one of the smaller oil paintings on linen (12 x 24 inches) and another highlight of the exhibition; it is a skyscape of clouds set against a vivid blue sky; the title suggests the human predisposition to search for concrete and familiar images in otherwise random scenes. The term "pareidolia" refers to a psychological phenomenon that occurs when a vague or random stimulus, such as an image or a sound, is perceived as significant; for example, when a person thinks he or she sees face in a cloud or hears a hidden message when a record is played in reverse. Damian Loeb Verschränkung and The Uncertainty Principle May 6 - June 17, 2011 Synesthesia, Parataxic Distortion, and the Shadow Fall 2008	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1960
__label__cc	0.737482	0.262518	Stephen Oberauer's Random Ramblings How To Vote With Your Money Whenever we use money, we're casting a vote. Want to vote thousands of times a year, rather than once in five? Read on... Democracy, as nice as it sounds, has its problems... #1. It's not very efficient. If you take the combined amount of time that people have spent learning about their favourite political parties and add the time they spend standing in voting queues, you'll end up with millions of hours. Add to that the cost of every party advertising... figures like £31,000,000. #2. It's not a very good way of making decisions. Most voters only know one or two of the parties, and most people are not educated enough to make the best decision. It's really all about which party has the biggest advertising budget, and which party is the best at manipulating the public into thinking they're the best choice. #3. Your vote doesn't really matter, because your vote only has a one in a million chance of making a difference. There are more problems, but this is not about problems, it's about solutions. This is about a different kind of democracy, based on the system of capitalism, in which we find ourselves, a kind where you can make a bigger difference than by traditional voting, whenever you use money. This is something that everyone needs to be aware of, because whether or not you're aware, you're voting whenever you use money, and you may not realize what you're voting for. The theory behind capitalism is that the market leads production. It's very democratic. That means that we, the consumers are in charge! This is supposed to mean that everyone gets what they really want, and that production is highly efficient due to competition. Unfortunately, there are reasons that this doesn't work as expected: The high pressure of trying to produce competitive goods, at low costs, forces companies to use the cheapest material and labour available, meaning bad working conditions and products which don't last very long. Any corner that can be cut, will be cut. Any scam that can be made, will be made. It's inevitable. Here are my ideas: Bank with a better bank In case you don't understand how banks and money work, here's the gist of it: You put your savings into a bank. They then lend out most of this money, keeping a fraction as a reserve. They earn interest from giving loans, and pay you interest from this interest. You don't have a choice about where this money goes. It could go to developing weapons or helping someone buy their next petrol guzzling 4 X 4. This is why ethical banks, like Triodos exist. Triodos only lends the money saved with them to sustainable causes. You can even go to Triodos and get a list of everyone that they lend to. Opening a Triodos bank account could not be simpler, because you can do it online. You can then transfer your savings to and fro, using the internet. They have options to either pay your interest to you, or to a charity. Spend money on work that you would want to do Imagine your idea of a perfect life, and what you would spend your time doing. Perhaps you'd be looking after your children, researching a cure for cancer, being creative or building homes. You probably would not want to spend your time begging, doing the same thing over and over in a factory, or doing some other monotonous task like a security guard or bag packer. In capitalism, money is the tool that we use to decide what other people are forced to do. I've read about a factory in China where they had to put suicide nets around the building to stop the employees from jumping. I could presume that none of us would want to use our money to vote for people to do such a boring and dangerous job like working at this factory, and yet we do, ... well everyone that's bought an iPad has. Most toys, electronic gadgets and clothing have been made by people working in boring, low paying jobs in Chinese factories, so you might be wondering if I'm suggesting that we pretty much stop buying everything, and the answer is... #1. Buy second hand. Second hand goods require no labour. I do buy and sell quite often on eBay, which is a very safe way to shop. Just don't buy from anyone with a rating of less than about 98% and you should be fine. You may, however, have to return a faulty item, but I've never had any problems getting a refund. Some items (usually books, I think) have a little picture of a ribbon next to them. This means that some, or all, of the money goes directly to a charity. You can also buy things like books directly from a charity, like Oxfam, and don't forget to donate your old things to charity shops. #2. Don't buy things unnecessarily. During traditions like Christmas and birthdays, it's probably best to consider alternatives to buying things made in China, like vouchers for electronically downloadable goods. Personally I'd prefer someone to donate to a charity of my choice, rather than give me a birthday present. The Just Giving website is a great tool to do this, because you can donate to a charity and it feels like you're giving to your friend at the same time. The DeLorean - Designed to last a life time. #3. Buy things that last. This requires less labour and less waste. Companies try to make their goods disposable in order to sell as many units as possible. It is possible to make products which last a very long time, like the DeLorean, used in Back to the Future. The DeLorean was a stainless steel car, designed to last a life time. The problem is that making anything that lasts a life time is expensive and a very bad business idea... unless enough people refuse to buy the cheap, disposable versions. Buy from websites like buymeonce which stock products that last a lifetime. #4. Don't give to beggars, car guards and Big Issue salesmen. Okay, before you think I'm an evil scoundrel for saying so, let me explain, and feel free to disagree afterwards. I consider these "jobs" to be humiliating and a waste of human life. By giving to such people you're encouraging this as normal behaviour. As an alternative, we should vote for a different system. Think about what would be a better life for the beggar. If you want to pay him, pay him to sit in a library and read a book, or pay him to help you do some work around your home. Try and find people who agree that students should be paid to study, and sign petitions to promote this idea. People need to be paid to do things which are constructive and fun. Contact StreetLink to notify them about homeless people that they can help. Use open source (free) software where possible. Monopolies, like Microsoft, make it expensive for people to use computers, but because people continue to buy their products anyway, it makes it difficult for anyone to compete with them. If you simply use your computer for browsing the internet and writing emails, consider using Ubuntu instead of Windows. If you use Windows, then use the FireFox web browser and OpenOffice for their word processor and spreadsheet. One can also find open source software which do just about anything, including 3D modelling and video editing. Use renewable energy BMW i8 Concept - 2.7 litres / 100km Switch to a renewable energy supplier, such as ecotricity or buy a solar panel for your hot water. Having a solar panel doesn't mean that you have to wait for a sunny day to have hot water. What it does mean is that on sunny days you get hot water for free. Make sure your next car is electric or a hybrid that can be plugged in to your renewable energy source. Electric cars have come a long way. I would recommend buying a pluggable hybrid. This means that you can use electricity, which costs almost nothing and does not pollute. If you run out of electricity while on a long trip, you can use your petrol engine. I know it's expensive to buy a new car, but if you're wealthy enough to do that anyway, I'd suggest considering something like the Toyota plug-in hybrid. Support crowdfunding If you've never been to kickstarter.com, it's worth checking out. They have loads of interesting projects that require donations to get started. If you find something you like, offer a donation. You only have to pay if they succeed in raising the specified amount of money within the specified amount of time. You also get a reward based on the amount you donate. Know where your food comes from It's good to know where your food comes from; whether the chickens that lay the eggs run around freely, or are fed unusual chemicals that fatten them up to a point where they are no longer able to stand. Do the cows that produce the milk that you drink live pleasantly in a green pasture, or do they suffer in cramped conditions? It's not something that many people like to think about, but you can start by buying free range eggs, and products made with free range eggs. After having seen a documentary on food, I try to avoid buying fast food, especially McDonalds and KFC. Buy healthy food and drinks Companies that manufacture food and drinks don't usually care enough about how healthy it is. They like to add extra sugar and grease, things that your body craves, to help the product sell. If you have fatty, sugary food, you can become addicted to it. It's better to try and find healthier food. The more people buy healthy food, the more companies will want to produce it. Find out how employees are treated Before buying from a new website, take a look at sites like glassdoor.com to see how the employees are treated. Glassdoor consists of many anonymous ratings and reviews of companies by the people who actually work there. It's how I found out that the popular site CafePress has many unhappy employees. Buy products made from sustainable materials Can the product be recycled? Do you really need a bag? Does the wood come from a forest in the Amazon that is being wiped out? There's no point in buying the same things as your friends if they're willing to share. Don't get a phone contract that comes with "free" phones Besides the sub-standard life styles of Chinese factory workers, getting a "free" phone every year or two encourages companies to produce products with a short lifespan. Rather buy the longest lasting phone that you can, buy the screen protector and case protection. You may not be the coolest kid on the block, but I'm sure you're mature enough to deal with that. Offset your carbon footprint Obviously, when flying, lots of carbon dioxide goes into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming. One can pay a bit extra to "offset" one's carbon footprint. Unfortunately this is not an exact science and it's therefore better to reduce one's carbon dioxide emissions where possible. Eat less meat If you think that killing animals for a living is something you would enjoy, then feel free to disagree with me. Meat also requires more resources and the production of meat contributes to global warming. I am not a dietician, so I'm not going to tell you how much meat you should or shouldn't eat in order to be healthy, but if you eat meat every day simply for the taste, you could try alternatives. Sainsbury's sells some veggie burgers which, while they aren't quite as tasty as the best meat burgers in the world, are probably healthier. Obviously :) Using your head when using your money, can make a difference. Of course we won't be able to solve even a tiny fraction of the world's problems caused by the misuse of money unless millions of people change their purchasing habits. Unfortunately this is unlikely to happen. It's unlikely that the majority of people will ever decide to thoroughly investigate every purchase they make for its environmental impact. These ideas treat the symptoms of the problem, rather than solving its root cause. For that reason I support The Venus Project, and any other group that promotes shifting to a natural law / resource based economy. A natural law / resource based economy is a theoretical system that does not have the problems which exist within a money based economy. It is designed to be compatible with natural law and technological progress, which means that the more advanced we become, the more sense a resource based economy makes. This also ties in well with my idea for an intelligent democratic decision making system. While I wait and dream of a day when we'll have a sensible system, I will try to do my part by chipping away at the mountain with a tooth pick. Bring your tooth picks, and let's chip away together. Thank you for reading this, and please let me know if you agree or disagree with anything here, or want to add something. I'll be looking forward to comments. Stephen Oberauer Posted by Lost Hobbit at 03:55 Lost Hobbit Born in Cape Town, in 1978, Stephen was the first person to doggie paddle to Antarctica, wearing nothing but inflatable water wings. Upon arriving on the icy continent, he battled a polar bear with the pinkie on his left hand. Having won the fight in a matter of seconds, he proceeded to write a novel, dipping one of the bear's fangs into its own blood, he penned the title, "The Mischievous Nerd's Guide to World Domination."	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1962
__label__cc	0.623989	0.376011	The news is much about greed. Greed dominates the headlines, not to mention the content, of what we read in all media. Are we perhaps at the point where the truly sensational stories are ones of generosity and relationship-building? You be the judge. Phil and Sue met in 1969 – on Valentine’s Day. They were near-instant soul mates, marrying 4 years later. They hired a photographer to shoot a photo of Sue for the newspaper wedding section. It was a good photo. The photographer enlarged it and hung it as an example in his studio. But being young and broke, Phil and Sue couldn’t buy a portrait-sized version for themselves. Life ensued. Phil and Sue moved away, and lived a full life around the world. Sadly, after 38 years of marriage, Sue succumbed to cancer. A few months later, in 2012 – on Valentines Day – Phil returned to their old town, and to that studio, hoping to find the wedding portrait of Sue, and to buy it. The portrait was still on the wall. Next to it was a portrait of man who was the Bishop at the time Phil and Sue married. The shop had a new owner, whom Phil recognized from high school as the original photographer’s daughter. She was willing to sell the portrait to Phil –but only with her 95 year-old father’s permission. She agreed to ask him. A Signpost? While Phil waited to hear the decision, he went for lunch at one of his and Sue’s old haunts. As he ate, he wondered whether the Bishop was still alive. And as he wondered – the Bishop himself walked into the luncheonette. Phil was moved. After all these years, it was wonderful to see the bishop. At the same time, it reminded him of the loss of his wife. A coincidence? A sign? Whatever, it gave Phil hope that he’d be able to get the portrait. The Portrait and the Loss When Phil returned to the store, the old photographer had given his permission. The photographers – both generations – knew Phil’s story. She could have charged him anything for the portrait and he would have paid it. Instead, she charged him almost nothing. There was no greed in this story, only generosity. There were relationships that transcended years. There was the empathy – that of the store owner, and the others in his life – and now me. I first met Phil about 25 years when we worked together at Hills Department Stores. He was the risk manager, I was a staff lawyer. We haven’t seen each other in over 15 years, though we reconnected on LinkedIn, and now stay in touch a couple of times a year. Yet he shared his story with me without hesitation. There are lots of Phils in our lives. They each have stories. They can be colleagues, friends, clients, even family. Taking the time to listen can strengthen the relationship and bring people closer. And yes, it can also lead to deeper friendships and business opportunities. Because often people like to help those they feel close to. I am touched that Phil shared his story with me, and that he allowed me to share it even further. Among other things, we are also enhancing our business relationship. Phil is now a senior executive at a large company and has been a valuable resource for my own clients and friends. Funny how that works. When there’s no greed about it. previous page · next page Go to widgets and add any widget to "Main Sidebar" to show on this page.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1963
__label__wiki	0.642016	0.642016	Week in review: Face-off 13Apr 18 This week: Mark Zuckerberg faces questions from Congress. The uses and abuses of “big data” were in focus this week, as Mark Zuckerberg was summoned to Capitol Hill to face two days of questions from U.S. Congressional committees. In response to questions arising from the Cambridge Analytica scandal, Zuckerberg said that Facebook would be “investigating many apps, tens of thousands of apps” for suspicious activity. Some basics were established too. How does Facebook make money? “We sell ads.” Zuckerberg said he would not be changing Facebook’s default settings to ensure greater privacy for its users, although he did accept that there might be a need for greater regulation. He came under pressure over data tracking outside Facebook sessions, however, with Congresswoman Kathy Castor telling him that “a devil’s bargain has been struck.” For many of the questions, the gist of his answer was “I’ll have my team get back to you.” The grilling might have been grueling for Zuckerberg, but investors seemed satisfied with his performance. Shares in Facebook surged after the hearings. Shooting up … Facebook was just one of many S&P 500 Index components to enjoy a strong week. The US. .index was up 2.3% by Thursday’s close. This was despite a ratcheting up of geopolitical tensions, as a suspected chemical attack in Syria led to threats of military intervention from President Trump and warnings from Russia that U.S. missiles would be shot down by its forces. Trump dialed down his rhetoric later in the week, however, and share prices rose in response. … and stepping down. Trump also had difficulties closer to home. Paul Ryan, the Republican Speaker of the House of Representatives, announced that he would be stepping down at the end of his term. Many commentators have suggested that Ryan’s personal difficulties with Trump played a part in his decision, along with the chances of the Republicans losing their House majority in November’s mid-term elections. Retail therapy? It’s not clear to what extent (if any) online activity has been compromising our privacy, but it’s certainly been hurting the UK high street. According to the Local Data Company, almost 6,000 British shops closed down in 2017, leading to a net decline of 1,700 stores. One recent change in shoppers’ behavior has been a shift towards buying clothes online. That may suggest that “shopping as leisure” can’t be relied on to protect bricks-and-mortar stores from their online rivals. But the week brought some good news for retailers too. Supermarket operator Tesco announced full-year pre-tax profits of £1.3 billion (US$1.9 billion), far above last year’s £145 million (US$207 million). This huge gulf was partially due to some one-off charges in 2016 and asset sales in 2017, but it still represents a resounding comeback for the company. Investors cheered the news: Tesco’s shares were up almost 14% over the week. Meanwhile, clothing retailer Next defied the high-street gloom with a strong share-price performance. Sales at the company’s physical stores have under pressure, but its online offering has been doing well. Overall, both the FTSE 100 and the FTSE All-Share indices were up 1.1% by Thursday’s close. European shares also performed well over the week. As the risk of U.S. strikes in Syria receded, the FTSE World Europe ex UK Index ended up 1.0% for the first four days of the week. And finally … The friggatriskaidekaphobic among you will have noticed that it’s Friday the 13th today. What you may not know is that any month that starts on a Sunday will have a Friday the 13th – or that there’s at least one in each year. Or that Friday is sometimes known as Hangman’s Day. Or that it’s Tuesday the 13th that’s unlucky in Spain and Greece. But how does all this affect the stock market? Well, not much. According to Howard Silverblatt, a senior analyst for Dow Jones Indices, stocks have actually risen on more Fridays the 13th than they’ve fallen. Why? Well, for all the jitters caused by superstition, looking forward to the weekend seems to hold greater sway. We hope you have a good one! Companies mentioned are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be a recommendation to buy or sell any security. Indexes are unmanaged and are included for illustrative purposes only. You cannot invest directly in an index. Image credit: Yasin Ozturk/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images http://thinkingaloud.aberdeen-asset.us/en/thinkingaloudus/the-bigger-picture/week-in-review-face-off Week in review: A: Okay	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1969
__label__cc	0.684452	0.315548	All photographs and content appearing on this site are the exclusive Property and 2019 Copyright © of Todd Snyder. All Images and Content of this site is protected by U.S. Copyright Laws, and the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. Images are not to be downloaded or reproduced in any way without the written permission of Todd Snyder. Conspiracies to violate will be prosecuted under 18 U.S.C. § 371. All Rights Reserved. If you would like any Printed Copies or Photo Licensing for any of the images on this site, please feel free to contact Todd Snyder on the Contact section of this site. All proceeds from the sale of Images or Licensing on this site will be donated to various homless shelters in Los Angeles and Santa Monica, California.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1972
__label__wiki	0.628751	0.628751	Washington, Sep 10 : (PTI) Over five million people, including thousands of Indian-Americans, have been asked to evacuate from parts of coastal Florida after Hurricane Irma, an extremely powerful Category 5 storm, barrelled towards the state after wrecking havoc on the Caribbean islands. Irma is expected to landfall in Florida tomorrow, which at its current trend officials said, is likely to cause devastation across Florida and surrounding areas. Authorities in Florida have ordered 5.6 million people a quarter of the state's population to evacuate, warning that those who do not leave cannot expect rescue services to reach them once Irma hits. "It is not a question of if Florida is going to be impacted, it is a question of how bad Florida's going to be impacted," said Brock Long, head of Federal Emergency Management Agency. Hurricane Irma continues to be a threat that is going to devastate the United States, and either Florida or some of the southeastern states. This is a complex forecast. Anybody from Alabama to North Carolina should be watching this storm very closely, Long said. Florida is also home to thousands of Indian-Americans. In addition to thousands of federal employees, several thousand-military personals have been deployed by the Department of Defence to meet any eventuality in the aftermath of Irma hitting the coast of Florida. "We need the people to listen to their local officials. But when we see evacuations taking place, what we try to do is break down the number that are going to need mass care support, and some of those numbers are well over 100,000 people in shelters for this event," Long said. US President Donald Trump received a briefing on Hurricane Irma today. He "was given an overview of the recent impact of the hurricane on the US Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, and neighbouring islands and the ongoing response efforts of the Federal and territorial governments," the White House said. A State of emergency has been declared in Florida. Earlier in the day, Trump signed a legislation that provides an additional USD 15.25 billion in emergency appropriations for disaster relief and extends the authorisation of the National Flood Insurance Programme through December 8. "Additionally, as the damage from Hurricane Irma unfolds, it is especially important that the men and women in the Southeast and our Caribbean territories stand strong and rest assured that this Administration will always put the needs of the American people above partisan politics as usual," White House Press Secretary Sarah Sanders said in a statement. Sanders said Trump is constantly monitoring Hurricane Irma, and the federal government is working closely with state and local partners to ensure the safety of the coastal communities. In his weekly address to the nation, Trump noted that this is a storm of historic destructive potential, and he's asking that everyone in the storm's path to remain vigilant and pay heed all recommendations from government officials and law enforcement. "Our message to the American people is this: With gratitude for our first responders, and prayers for those in the storm's path, we are behind you 100 per cent," she said.	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1976
__label__wiki	0.745181	0.745181	Iceberg Economies and Shadow Selves: Further Adventures in the Territories of Hope Published on Commondreams.org by TomDispatch.com by Rebecca Solnit After the Macondo well exploded in the Gulf of Mexico, it was easy enough (on your choice of screen) to see a flaming oil platform, the very sea itself set afire with huge plumes of black smoke rising, and the dark smear of what would become five million barrels of oil beginning to soak birds and beaches. Infinitely harder to see and less dramatic was the vast counterforce soon at work: the mobilizing of tens of thousands of volunteers, including passionate locals from fishermen in the Louisiana Oystermen's Association to an outraged tattoo-artist-turned-organizer, from visiting scientists, activist groups, and Catholic Charities reaching out to Vietnamese fishing families to the journalist and oil-policy expert Antonia Juhasz, and Rosina Philippe of the Atakapa-Ishak tribe in Grand Bayou. And don't forget the ceaseless toil of the Sierra Club's local environmental justice organizer, the Gulf Coast Restoration Network, the New Orleans-born poet-turned-investigator Abe Louise Young, and so many more than I can list here. I think of one ornithologist I met in Grand Bayou who had been dispatched to the Gulf by an organization, but had decided to stay on even if his funding ran out. This mild-mannered man with a giant pair of binoculars seemed to have some form of pneumonia, possibly induced by oil-fume inhalation, but that didn't stop him. He was among the thousands whose purpose in the Gulf had nothing to do with profit, unless you're talking about profiting the planet. The force he represented mattered there, as it does everywhere -- a force that has become ever more visible to me as I live and journey among those who dedicate themselves to their ideals and act on their solidarities. Only now, though, am I really beginning to understand the full scope of its power. Long ago, Adam Smith wrote about the "invisible hand" of the free market, a phrase which always brings to my mind horror movies and Gothic novels in which detached and phantasmagorical limbs go about their work crawling and clawing away. The idea was that the economy would somehow self-regulate and so didn't need to be interfered with further -- or so still go the justifications for capitalism, even though it took an enormous armature of government interventions to create the current mix of wealth and poverty in our world. Your tax dollars pay for wars that make the world safe for giant oil corporations, and those corporations hand over huge sums of money to their favorite politicians (and they have so many favorites!) to regulate the political system to continue to protect, reward, and enrich themselves. But you know that story well. As 2010 ends, what really interests me aren't the corrosions and failures of this system, but the way another system, another invisible hand, is always at work in what you could think of as the great, ongoing, Manichean arm-wrestling match that keeps our planet spinning. The invisible claw of the market may fail to comprehend how powerful the other hand -- the one that gives rather than takes -- is, but neither does that open hand know itself or its own power. It should. We all should. The Iceberg Economy Who wouldn't agree that our society is capitalistic, based on competition and selfishness? As it happens, however, huge areas of our lives are also based on gift economies, barter, mutual aid, and giving without hope of return (principles that have little or nothing to do with competition, selfishness, or scarcity economics). Think of the relations between friends, between family members, the activities of volunteers or those who have chosen their vocation on principle rather than for profit. Think of the acts of those -- from daycare worker to nursing home aide or the editor of TomDispatch.com -- who do more, and do it more passionately, than they are paid to do; think of the armies of the unpaid who are at "work" counterbalancing and cleaning up after the invisible hand and making every effort to loosen its grip on our collective throat. Such acts represent the relations of the great majority of us some of the time and a minority of us all the time. They are, as the two feminist economists who published together as J. K. Gibson-Graham noted, the nine-tenths of the economic iceberg that is below the waterline. Capitalism is only kept going by this army of anti-capitalists, who constantly exert their powers to clean up after it, and at least partially compensate for its destructiveness. Behind the system we all know, in other words, is a shadow system of kindness, the other invisible hand. Much of its work now lies in simply undoing the depredations of the official system. Its achievements are often hard to see or grasp. How can you add up the foreclosures and evictions that don't happen, the forests that aren't leveled, the species that don't go extinct, the discriminations that don't occur? The official economic arrangements and the laws that enforce them ensure that hungry and homeless people will be plentiful amid plenty. The shadow system provides soup kitchens, food pantries, and giveaways, takes in the unemployed, evicted, and foreclosed upon, defends the indigent, tutors the poorly schooled, comforts the neglected, provides loans, gifts, donations, and a thousand other forms of practical solidarity, as well as emotional support. In the meantime, others seek to reform or transform the system from the inside and out, and in this way, inch by inch, inroads have been made on many fronts over the past half century. The terrible things done, often in our name and thanks in part to the complicity of our silence or ignorance, matter. They are what wells up daily in the news and attracts our attention. In estimating the true make-up of the world, however, gauging the depth and breadth of this other force is no less important. What actually sustains life is far closer to home and more essential, even if deeper in the shadows, than market forces and much more interesting than selfishness. Most of the real work on this planet is not done for profit: it's done at home, for each other, for affection, out of idealism, and it starts with the heroic effort to sustain each helpless human being for all those years before fending for yourself becomes feasible. Years ago, when my friends started having babies I finally began to grasp just what kind of labor goes into sustaining one baby from birth just to toddlerhood. If you do the math, with nearly seven billion of us on Earth right now, that means seven billion years of near-constant tending only to get children upright and walking, a labor of love that adds up to more than the age of this planet. That's not a small force, even if it is only a force of maintenance. Still, the same fierce affection and determination pushes back everywhere at the forces of destruction. Though I'm not sure I could bring myself to watch yet again that Christmas (and banking) classic It's a Wonderful Life, its premise -- that the effects of what we do might best be gauged by considering what the world would be like without us -- is still useful. For the American environment, this last year was, at best, a mixed one. Nonetheless, polar bears got some protection and the building of at least one nuclear power plant was prevented; the work of groups like the Sierra Club continued to keep new coal-fired power plants at bay; and Californians defeated a sinister oil-company-sponsored initiative, to name just a few of the more positive developments. Erase all the groups at work on the environment, hardly noticed by the rest of us, and it would have been a massacre. The Alternatives to "There Is No Alternative" We not only have a largely capitalist economy but an ideological system that justifies this as inevitable. "There is no alternative," as former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher used to like to say. Many still argue that this is simply the best human nature, nasty to the core, can possibly hope to manage. Fortunately, it's not true. Not only is there an alternative, but it's here and always has been. Recently, I had dinner with Renato Redentor Constantino, a climate and social justice activist from the Philippines, and he mentioned that he never cared for the slogan, "Another world is possible." That other world is not just possible, he pointed out, it's always been here. We tend to think revolution has to mean a big in-the-streets, winner-take-all battle that culminates with regime change, but in the past half century it has far more often involved a trillion tiny acts of resistance that sometimes cumulatively change a society so much that the laws have no choice but to follow after. Certainly, American society has changed profoundly over the past half century for those among us who are not male, or straight, or white, or Christian, becoming far less discriminatory and exclusionary. Radicals often speak as though we live in a bleak landscape in which the good has yet to be born, the revolution yet to begin. As Constantino points out, both of them are here, right now, and they always have been. They are represented in countless acts of solidarity and resistance, and sometimes they even triumph. When they don't -- and that's often enough -- they still do a great deal to counterbalance the official organization of our country and economy. That organization ensures oil spills, while the revolutionaries, if you want to call them that, head for the birds and the beaches, and maybe, while they're at it, change the official order a little, too. Of course, nothing's quite as simple as that. After all, there are saints in government and monsters in the progressive movement; there's petroleum in my gas tank and money in my name in banks. To suggest that the world is so easily divided into one hand and the other, selfish and altruistic, is impossibly reductive, but talking in binaries has an advantage: it lets you focus on what is seldom acknowledged. To say there is no alternative dismisses both the desire for and the possibility of alternative arrangements of power. For example, how do you square a Republican Party hell-bent on preserving tax cuts for the wealthiest 2% of Americans with a new poll by two university economists suggesting that nearly all of us want something quite different? The pollsters showed a cross-section of Americans pie charts depicting three degrees of wealth distribution in three societies, and asked them what their ideal distribution of wealth might be. The unidentified charts ranged from our colossal disparity to absolute equality, with Swedish moderation in-between. Most chose Sweden as the closest to their ideal. According to the pollsters, the choice suggested that "Americans prefer some inequality to perfect equality, but not to the degree currently present in the United States." It might help to remember how close we had come to Sweden by the late 1970s, when income disparity was at its low ebb and the Reagan revolution was yet to launch. Of course, these days we in the U.S. aren't offered Swedish wealth distribution, since the system set up to represent us actually spends much of its time representing self-interest and moneyed interests instead. The Republicans are now being offered even larger bribes than the Democrats to vote in the interests of the ultra-affluent, whether corporate or individual. Both parties, however, helped produce the Supreme Court that, in January, gave corporations and the wealthy unprecedented power in our political system, power that it will take all our energy to counteract and maybe, someday, force into retreat. By the way, in searching for that Thatcher no-alternative quote, I found myself on a page at Wikipedia that included the following fundraising plea from a Russian woman scientist: "Almost every day I come home from work and spend several hours improving Wikipedia! Why would I donate so much of my free time? Because I believe that by giving my time and effort -- along with thousands of other people of different nationalities, religion, ages -- we will one day have shared and free knowledge for all people." Imperfect as it may be, ad-free, nonprofit Wikipedia's sheer scope -- 3.5 million entries in English alone, to say nothing of smaller Norwegian, Vietnamese, Persian, and Waray-Waray versions with more than 100,000 articles each -- is an astonishing testimony to a human urge to work without recompense when the cause matters. Butterfly Spotting The novelist and avid lepidopterist Vladimir Nabokov once asked someone coming down a trail in the Rockies whether he'd seen any butterflies. The answer was negative; there were no butterflies. Nabokov, of course, went up that same trail and saw butterflies galore. You see what you're looking for. Most of us are constantly urged to see the world as, at best, a competitive place and, at worst, a constant war of each against each, and you can see just that without even bothering to look too hard. But that's not all you can see. Writing my recent book about disasters, A Paradise Built in Hell, led me to look at the extraordinary way people behave when faced with catastrophes and crises. From news coverage to Hollywood movies, the media suggest that, in these moments of turbulence when institutions often cease to function, we revert to our original nature in a Hobbesian wilderness where people fend for themselves. Here's the surprise though: in such situations, most of us fend for each other most of the time -- and beautifully at that. Perhaps this, rather than (human) nature red in tooth and claw, is our original nature. At least, the evidence is clear that people not only behave well, but take deep pleasure in doing so, a pleasure so intense it suggests that an unspoken, unmet appetite for meaningful work and vibrant solidarities lives powerfully within us. Those appetites can be found reflected almost nowhere in the mainstream media, and we are normally told that the world in which such appetites might be satisfied is "utopian," impossible to reach because of our savage competitiveness, and so should be left to the most hopeless of dreamers. Even reports meant to be sympathetic to the possibility that another better world could exist in us right now accept our Social-Darwinian essence as a given. Consider a November New York Times piece on empathy and bullying in which David Bornstein wrote, "We know that humans are hardwired to be aggressive and selfish. But a growing body of research is demonstrating that there is also a biological basis for human compassion. Brain scans reveal that when we contemplate violence done to others we activate the same regions in our brains that fire up when mothers gaze at their children, suggesting that caring for strangers may be instinctual. When we help others, areas of the brain associated with pleasure also light up. Research by Felix Warneken and Michael Tomasello indicates that toddlers as young as 18 months behave altruistically." Are we really hardwired to be aggressive and selfish, as Bornstein says at the outset? Are you? No evidence for such a statement need be given, even in an essay that provides plenty of evidence to the contrary, as it's supposed to be a fact universally acknowledged, rather than an opinion. The Compassion Boom If I were to use the normal language of the marketplace right now, I'd say that compassion and altruism are hot. It might, however, be more useful to say that the question of the nature of human nature is being reconsidered at the moment by scientists, economists, and social theorists in all sorts of curious combinations and coalitions. Take, for example, the University of California's Greater Good Science Center, which describes itself as studying "the psychology, sociology, and neuroscience of well-being, and teaches skills that foster a thriving, resilient, and compassionate society." Founding director Dacher Keltner writes, "Recent studies of compassion argue persuasively for a different take on human nature, one that rejects the preeminence of self-interest." A few dozen miles away is Stanford's Center for Compassion and Altruism Research and Education, which likewise draws on researchers in disciplines ranging from neuroscience to Buddhist ethics. Bornstein's essay mentions another organization, Roots of Empathy in Toronto, that reduces violence and increases empathy among children. Experiments, programs, and activities like this proliferate. Independent scholars and writers are looking at the same underlying question, and stories in the news this year -- such as those on school bullying -- address questions of how our society gets organized, and for whose benefit. The suicides of several queer young people generated a groundswell of anti-bullying organizing and soul-searching, notably the largely online "It Gets Better" attempt to reach out to queer youth. In a very different arena, neoliberalism -- the economic system that lets the invisible hand throttle what it might -- has finally come into question in the mainstream (whereas if you questioned it in 1999, you were a troglodyte and a flat-Earther). Hillary Clinton lied her way through the 2008 primary, claiming she never supported NAFTA, and her husband, who brought it to us, publicly apologized for the way his policies eliminated Haiti's rice tariffs. "It was a mistake," Bill Clinton told the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on March 10th. "I had to live everyday with the consequences of the loss of capacity to produce a rice crop in Haiti to feed those people because of what I did." Think of those doing the research on altruism and compassion as a radical scholarly movement, one that could undermine the philosophical and political assumptions behind our current economic system, which is also our political system. These individuals and organizations are putting together the proof that not only is another world possible, but it's been here all along, as visible, should we care to look, as Nabokov's butterflies. Do not underestimate the power of this force. The world could be much better if more of us were more active on behalf of what we believe in and love; it would be much worse if countless activists weren't already at work from Aung San Suu Kyi in Burma and the climate activists in Tuvalu to the homeless activists around the corner from me. When I studied disasters past, what amazed me was not just that people behaved so beautifully, but that, in doing so, they found such joy. It seems that something in their natures, starved in ordinary times, was fed by the opportunity, under the worst of conditions, to be generous, brave, idealistic, and connected; and when this appetite was fulfilled, the joy shone out, even amid the ruins. Don't think of this as simply a description of my hopes for 2011, but of what was going on right under our noses in 2010; it's a force we would do well to name, recognize, celebrate, and enlarge upon now. It is who we are, if only we knew it. Rebecca Solnit hangs out with climate-change activists, homeless advocates, booksellers, civil libertarians, anti-war veterans, moms, urbanists, Zen monks, and investigative journalists and she sure didn't write this piece for the money. She is the author of 13 books, including last year's A Paradise Built in Hell: The Extraordinary Communities that Arise in Disaster, and this year's Infinite City: A San Francisco Atlas. Can You Live Without Money for a Year? Cash, Check or BNotes- Weighing a new city currenc... Timebank Movement Level Research Survey Iceberg Economies and Shadow Selves: Further Adven... The First Day of Kwanzaa: Umoja and Time Banks Ten Things to Consider When Designing A Peer-to-Pe...	cc/2019-30/en_head_0048.json.gz/line1983

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