text stringlengths 1 1.96M | meta dict |
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\section{Introduction}
We say $\widetilde{K} \subset S^3$ is a \textit{periodic knot} if there is a $\mathbb Z_q$-action on $(S^3, \widetilde{K})$ which preserves $\widetilde{K}$ and whose fixed set is an unknot $U$ disjoint from $\widetilde{K}$. Let $\tau$ be a generator for the action. An important special case is... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-27T02:04:15",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.5989",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.5989"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{introduction}
The high redshift frontier has moved to $z>7$ as a result of the high
resolution near-infrared (NIR) images from the \emph{Hubble Space
Telescope} (\emph{HST}) Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3), and the Lyman
break `dropout' technique. The Lyman break technique was first
applied ... | {
"timestamp": "2013-01-18T02:00:49",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6116",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6116"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The large-scale halo of hot gas provides
a unique way to measure the baryonic and gravitational
mass of galaxy clusters.
The baryonic mass can be measured directly from
the observation of the hot X-ray emitting intra-cluster medium (ICM), and
of the associated stellar component \citep[e.g.][]{g... | {
"timestamp": "2012-10-17T02:13:14",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6067",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6067"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
The notion of entanglement \cite{BengtssonZyczkowski,Horodecki4}
was regarded by Schr\"odinger \cite{Schrodinger,Schrodinger2} to be the characteristic trait of quantum mechanics.
It serves as a resource for Quantum Information Theory \cite{NielsenChuang},
a relatively new f... | {
"timestamp": "2012-09-27T02:03:27",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6253",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6253"
} |
\section{INTRODUCTION}\label{sec:intro}
In 1973 Capper and Duff~\cite{1}~\cite{2}~\cite{3}~\cite{4} discovered that the correlation function of
the energy-momentum tensor for a massless particle theory
\begin{equation}
\Pi _{\mu \nu \rho \sigma }(p)
=\int d^{u}xe^{ipx}\textless T_{\mu \nu }(x) T_{\rho \sigma }... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:03:00",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6076",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6076"
} |
\section{Introduction}
After nearly a half century of pulsar observations, we still do not know
the detailed location of the emission zones in the neutron star magnetosphere.
However the general consensus is that the radio emission arises from the `open'
field line zone above the magnetic poles at modest altitudes, f... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:00:53",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6131",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6131"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Gluon scattering amplitudes have been known to be dual to Wilson loops along lightlike polygons.
While first shown at strong coupling (Ref.~\onlinecite{AM07}) through the famous AdS/CFT duality
introduced in Ref.~\onlinecite{Mal98}, this result has later been verified at weak coupling
(Refs.~\on... | {
"timestamp": "2012-11-06T02:04:03",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6127",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6127"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The radial velocity (RV) technique is the most successful exoplanet detection method, with more than 600 planets\footnote{The Extrasolar Planets Encyclopedia; http://www.exoplanet.eu} detected to date. This technique monitors the variation of the RV of the star due to the gravitational pull of a... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:02:05",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6197",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6197"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\smallskip
Let $E$ be an elliptic curve defined over ${\mathbb Q}$.
For a prime $p$ of good reduction for $E$
the reduction of $E$ modulo $p$ is an elliptic curve $E_p$ defined over the finite field ${\mathbb F}_p$
with $p$ elements.
Denote by $E_p({\mathbb F}_p)$ the group of ${\mathbb F}_p$-r... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-27T02:03:12",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.5929",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.5929"
} |
\section{Introduction}
For a contractive iterated function system (IFS) $\{S_j\}_{j=1}^N$ of similitidues on ${\mathbb R}^d$, there is a tree of finite words which represents each point of the associated self-similar set $K$. The iteration defines a random walk on the tree, and the Martin boundary of the random walk... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:01:38",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6171",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6171"
} |
\section*{References}
| {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:02:41",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.5972",
"language": "es",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.5972"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Let $\mathfrak m=\bigoplus\limits_{p<0}\mathfrak g_p$ be a graded Lie
algebra over the f\/ield $\mathbb R$ of real numbers or
the f\/ield $\mathbb C$ of complex numbers, and let $\mu$ be a positive integer.
The graded Lie algebra $\mathfrak m=\bigoplus\limits_{p<0}\mathfrak g_p $ is
called a~fun... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:01:40",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6173",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6173"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Complex networks are realistic substrates for simulating
many social and natural phenomena.
To address the influence of network topology,
primarily, different classes of degree distributions $P(k)$
can be considered.
Meanwhile, for a given distribution of degrees, correla... | {
"timestamp": "2013-04-09T02:05:02",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6266",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6266"
} |
\section{Introduction}
In one-spatial dimension any weak disorder is believed to have
the potentiality of converting a good metal to an insulator,
as a consequence of the Anderson localization.\cite{imry}
However, the existence of two counter examples for this common belief
has been pointed out recently, both be... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:03:11",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6234",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6234"
} |
\section*{Introduction}
A spherical object $e$ in an exact linear triangulated category $(T,[\ ])$ is one such
that $\dim\operatorname{Hom}(e,e[i])=\dim H^i(S^d,\mathbb{R})$, the Betti numbers of a
$d$-dimensional sphere for some fixed $d$. This concept is especially
useful when $T=D^b(X)$ for some
$d$-dimensional Cala... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-27T02:04:51",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6019",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6019"
} |
\section{Introduction}
A sequence $p_0 = 1, p_1, p_2, \dots$ of polynomials is a polynomial sequence of binomial type if it satisfies the identity
\begin{equation}
\left(\sum_{i=0}^{\infty}p_i(1)x^i\right)^n = \sum_{i=0}^{\infty}p_i(n)x^i
\end{equation}
Binomial-type sequences were introduced by Rota, Kahaner, and O... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:01:41",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6174",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6174"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Magnetic fields influence many fluids. Magnetohydrodynamics(MHD) is concerned with the interaction between fluid flow and magnetic field. The governing equations of nonhomogeneous MHD can be stated as follows\cite{Davidson},
\begin{equation}\label{MHD} \left\{ \begin{aligned} & \rho_t + \div (\r... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:01:11",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6144",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6144"
} |
\section{A Preliminary Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{T}{he} theory of Localized Waves (LW), also called Non-Diffracting Waves, has been developed, experimentally verified
and generalized over the years. The application sectors may include diverse areas such as Optics, Acoustics and Geophysics. One
of their striking pr... | {
"timestamp": "2013-05-15T02:00:46",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.5995",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.5995"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The inequality of Ostrowski \cite{Ostrowski} gives us an estimate for the
deviation of the values of a smooth function from its mean value. More
precisely, if $f:[a,b]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is a differentiable function
with bounded derivative, the
\begin{equation*}
\left\vert f(x)-\frac{1... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-27T02:04:29",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6002",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6002"
} |
\section{$G/N \cong Sz(8)$ and $|N| = 2^{12}$}
The group $S = Sz(8)$ has exactly one irreducible $12$-dimensional module
over the field with two elements, up to isomorphism.
This module can be obtained from any of the three absolutely irreducible
$4$-dimensional $S$-modules in characteristic two,
by regarding it as a ... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:02:35",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6212",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6212"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Since its introduction in the statistical~\citep{Tibshirani1996} and
signal processing~\citep{ChenDonoho1998} communities, the lasso has
become a fixture as both a data analysis tool \citep[for
example]{LeeZhu2010,ShiWahba2008} and as an object for deep
theoretical investigations
\citep{FuKnight... | {
"timestamp": "2013-08-06T02:05:06",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6128",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6128"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety over an algebraically closed field $k$.
Recall that an ${\mathbf R}$-divisor on $X$ is \emph{pseudo-effective} if its numerical class lies in the
closure of the set of classes of effective ${\mathbf R}$-divisors on $X$. Following \cite{Nakayama},
we define ... | {
"timestamp": "2013-06-13T02:00:51",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6521",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6521"
} |
\section{Introduction and main results}
In this paper, we consider the following semilinear elliptic equation, which has been extensively studied:
$$
\left\{
\begin{array}{ll}
-\Delta u=\lambda f(u)\ \ \ \ \ \ \ & \mbox{ in } \Omega \, ,\\
u\geq 0 & \mbox{ in } \Omega \, ,\\
u=0 & \mbox{ on } \partial\Omega ... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:03:09",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6233",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6233"
} |
\section{The {\sc Xenon1T}\ Detector}
\label{sec:xeton}
Building upon the success of the {\sc Xenon}\ detectors thus far, we will develop and deploy the next generation of detector in the program - {\sc Xenon1T}.
The {\sc Xenon1T}\ instrument can be realized by essentially scaling up the existing {\sc Xenon100}\ dete... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:04:09",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6288",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6288"
} |
\section*{Appendix: Optimization criteria, approximate predictive distributions and their derivatives}
From the definitions of various optimization criteria like NLP measure (\ref{nlp}) and (\ref{FMmooth}) etc, we see that the chosen measure and its derivatives can be obtained from the LOO predictive distributions $p(... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-27T02:05:18",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6038",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6038"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The compact H\,{\sc ii}\ regions residing in the Magellanic Clouds
are interesting in the context of massive star formation in these neighboring
galaxies. Typical Magellanic Cloud H\,{\sc ii}\ regions are giant complexes of ionized gas
with sizes of several arc minutes, corresponding to phys... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-27T02:03:20",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.5939",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.5939"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{section: intro}
This paper deals with the existence of bounded traveling fronts for the
reaction-diffusion equation
\begin{equation}
\label{main}
\frac{\partial u}{\partial t} - \Delta u =h(y,u) \qquad t\in \mathbb{R}, \; x=(x_1,y)\in \mathbb{R}^N.
\end{equation}
The function $h$ will... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-29T02:01:47",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6575",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6575"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Let $V$ be a left vector space over a division ring $R$.
We suppose that $\dim V=n$ is finite and not less than $2$.
Denote by ${\mathcal P}(V)$ the associated projective space formed by $1$-dimensional subspaces of $V$.
Our first result (Theorem 1) is related to extendability of permutatio... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:04:56",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6340",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6340"
} |
\section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{s-intro}
It is widely accepted that feedback powered by active galactic nuclei (AGN) has a key role in galaxy formation and
in cooling flows in galaxies and in clusters of galaxies.
In galaxy formation AGN feedback heats and expels gas {{{ from the galaxy}}} (e.g., \citealt{Bower2008, Ost... | {
"timestamp": "2013-08-23T02:03:03",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6029",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6029"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Following initial work by Yang and
coauthors\cite{Yang2000,MoriSanchez2006,Cohen2008,MoriSanchez2009}
on non-interacting ensembles\cite{Perdew1982} with spin-resolved
fractional occupancy, much consideration has been given to the behaviour
of density functional theory (DFT) under the Kohn-... | {
"timestamp": "2013-01-09T02:00:17",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6158",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6158"
} |
\section{Introduction}
In zero-dimensional nonlinear systems noise may induce a wide spectrum of important phenomena such as stochastic resonance \cite{gammaitoni},
coherence-resonance \cite{lucafrancesco} and noise-induced transitions \cite{hl,wiolindenberg,lucafrancesco}. Noise-induced transitions (also called phenom... | {
"timestamp": "2012-11-26T02:03:57",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6020",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6020"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
\emph{Anonymous database search} is the discipline
dedicated to the study of the anonymity of query searches in
databases.
Namely, it is dedicated to
the study of protocols that allow a user to retrieve information
from a database server without revealing for the server who he i... | {
"timestamp": "2012-12-10T02:02:27",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.5930",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.5930"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\citet{ma81,no84,kou93}; and \citet{apt98} have suggested the division
of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) into two categories, either short or long,
according to their duration (at $\sim$\,2\,s). Many observations
demonstrate different properties of short and long bursts.
They have different redsh... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:02:07",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6198",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6198"
} |
\section{Proposed Methods}
Friedman et al~\cite{Friedman00} showed how boosting~\cite{Schapire98} can be seen as a way of fitting an additive model,
$f_{M}({\bf x}) = \sum_{m=1}^M \beta_m \:\psi({\bf x};\delta_m)$
where $\beta_m$, $m=1,2,\ldots,M$ are the expansion coefficients, and $\psi({\bf x};\delta_m) \in {\mat... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-27T02:04:59",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6030",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6030"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Loop quantum cosmology~\cite{LivRev,Springer} aims to develop and analyze cosmological models by
incorporating crucial guidance from the full theory of loop quantum gravity~\cite{ALRev, Rov,ThomasRev}.
Even though its systems cannot yet be derived completely, they constitute more than a~set of m... | {
"timestamp": "2013-12-31T02:09:59",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6088",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6088"
} |
\section{Introduction}
To explain the cosmic acceleration predicted from the Ia type supernova
observations (Perlmutter, S. et al. 1999; Riess, A. G. et al. 1998)
one popular wayout is to modify the stress energy tensor part, i.e., the right
hand side of the Einstein's field equation. Existence of
some unknown matter... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:04:48",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6333",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6333"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Suppose that $A =\bigoplus ^c _{i=0}A_i$ is an Artinian graded algebra over a field $K$
and $z$ is a homogenous element of $A$.
We denote by $\times z$ the linear map $A \ra A$ defined by $\times z(a)=az$.
We say that $A$ has the weak Lefschetz property if there is a linear form
... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-29T02:01:46",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6574",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6574"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
In many areas of modern science, massive amounts of data are generated.
In the biomedical sciences, examples arise in
genomics, proteomics, and flow cytometry. New high-throughput experiments allow
researchers to look at the dynamics of very rich systems. With these vast incr... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-29T02:00:43",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6519",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6519"
} |
\section*{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
This paper is concerned with the Crepant Resolution Conjecture for Donaldson-Thomas (DT) invariants as stated by Bryan-Cadman-Young \cite[Conjectures 1 and 2]{crc}.
The goal is to understand the relationship between the DT invariants of a CY3 orbifold $\orb{X}$, satisfy... | {
"timestamp": "2014-03-20T01:01:40",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6524",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6524"
} |
\section{Introduction}
In this paper, we compute reachable sets of differential inclusions,
\begin{equation}\label{di1}
\dot x(t)\in F(x(t)),\,\,x(0)=x_0,
\end{equation}
\noindent where $F$ is a continuous set-valued map with compact and convex values.
A solution of the differential inclusion~\eqref{di1} is an
abs... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-29T02:01:38",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6563",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6563"
} |
\section{Nonlocal potential approximation}
\label{sec:NLPA}
We begin with an approximation scheme for the ordered state, where
we explicitly incorporate a finite order parameter into the invariant
effective action.
\subsection{NLPA for the ordered state}
Starting point of the NLPA approach
is an effective average ac... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:00:40",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6121",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6121"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The propagation of the liquid-fluid interfaces through porous media
is central to a wide range of natural phenomena and industrial
applications, with the latter including enhanced oil recovery,
hydrogeology, fuel cells, carbon dioxide sequestration to mention
but a few. This topic remains... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:02:51",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6221",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6221"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Let $\Bbbk$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $0$. The
question of classifying all Hopf algebras of a given
dimension over $\Bbbk$ goes back
to Kaplansky in 1975. To date, there are very few general results.
The Kac-Zhu Theorem \cite{Z}, states that a Hopf
algebra of prime dimen... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-29T02:00:54",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6529",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6529"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{introduction}\label{sec1}
The study of the states of quark matter under extreme conditions has
attracted much attention over the past few years. Extreme conditions
include high temperatures and finite baryonic chemical potentials as
well as strong magnetic fields. The latter is responsi... | {
"timestamp": "2013-01-31T02:02:04",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6051",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6051"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\subsection{Pinsker's inequality}
The inequality bearing Pinsker's name states that
for two distributions $P$ and $Q$,
\begin{equation}
D(P\Vert Q) \geq \frac{V^{2}( P,Q) }{2},\label{eq:pinsker}
\end{equation}%
where
\begin{equation*}
D(P\Vert Q) =\int \ln\paren{\frac{\d P}{\d Q}} \,\d P
\end{equ... | {
"timestamp": "2014-02-21T02:05:10",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6544",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6544"
} |
\section{\label{emfield}Theoretical representation of electric field at the focal plane due to tight focusing of polarized light propagating through stratified media}
As per the Debye-Wolf theory \cite{wolf59, rich59, bliop11}, an incident collimated Gaussian beam is decomposed into a superposition of plane waves havi... | {
"timestamp": "2013-02-07T02:01:00",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6518",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6518"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Cross sections for vector boson production are relatively clean observables at hadron colliders. The differential $p_T$ spectra for photons, $W$ bosons and $Z$ bosons, in particular, provide excellent benchmarks to test the standard model as well as to measure parton-distribution functions (PDFs)... | {
"timestamp": "2013-08-08T02:03:59",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6115",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6115"
} |
\section{Acknowledgments}
We thank Carl Albright for many useful discussions that led to the development of LieART.
We also thank Tanja Feger for checking the tables against those found in \cite{Slansky}.
The work of RPF was supported by a fellowship within the Postdoc-Programme of the German
Academic Exchange Servic... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:06:19",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6379",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6379"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Recently there has been a resurging interest in understanding the general orbital magneto-electric (ME) response\citep{Essin2009,Essin2010,Malashevich2010,Coh2011}. This is due to the fact that the isotropic magneto-electric effect or the so-called $\theta$-term, $\mathcal{L}_\theta=(\theta e^2/2... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:04:54",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6338",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6338"
} |
\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
{-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex
{2.3ex \@plus.2ex}%
{\normalfont\large\bfseries}}
\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
... | {
"timestamp": "2012-12-05T02:04:14",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6140",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6140"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The ground states of certain two-dimensional lattice Hamiltonians of a type first introduced by Kitaev\cite{kitaev03} can be used as quantum error-correcting codes known as surface codes. Quantum information can be stored and protected using these codes when they are defined on lattices with ho... | {
"timestamp": "2012-10-17T02:13:42",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6048",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6048"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The envelope theory \cite{hall89,hall01,hall01b,hall02,hall03,hall05} is a powerful method to obtain approximate solutions, eigenvalues and eigenstates, of eigenequations in quantum mechanics. It has been rediscovered and developed recently under the name of the auxiliary field ... | {
"timestamp": "2012-07-31T02:02:09",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.5960",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.5960"
} |
\section{#1}\setcounter{equation}{0}}
\renewcommand{\theequation}{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}
\newdimen\tableauside\tableauside=1.0ex
\newdimen\tableaurule\tableaurule=0.4pt
\newdimen\tableaustep
\def\phantomhrule#1{\hbox{\vbox to0pt{\hrule height\tableaurule width#1\vss}}}
\def\phantomvrule#1{\vbox{\hbox to0pt{\vr... | {
"timestamp": "2014-02-03T02:05:11",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6272",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6272"
} |
\section{Introduction}
According to numerous microscopic calculations
(e.g., \citealt*{yls99, ls01} and references therein),
nucleons and hyperons
in the internal layers of neutron stars (NSs) can become superfluid
at temperatures $T \la 10^8 \div10^{10}$~K.
Superfluidity has a strong impact on the thermal e... | {
"timestamp": "2012-11-06T02:06:07",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6580",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6580"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The membrane of a eukaryotic cell is mainly composed of a lipid bilayer,
which is impermeable to water solvated ions \cite{Alberts:2007:MBC}.
Ion channels are nanopores formed by transmembrane proteins; they
allow ions to flow through and act as biological valves
connecting the intracellular wi... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-29T02:01:37",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6562",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6562"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Two main techniques for proving lower bounds on quantum query complexity are the polynomial method~\cite{beals:polynomial} developed by Beals {\em et al.} in 1998, and the adversary method~\cite{ambainis:adversary} developed by Ambainis in 2000. Both techniques are incomparable. There are functio... | {
"timestamp": "2012-08-13T02:00:12",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6528",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6528"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}
Observations of the transiting extrasolar planet \object{HD\,209458b}
in the Lyman-$\alpha$ line of atomic hydrogen (\ion{H}{i}) have revealed
that this planet is losing gas (Vidal-Madjar et al.\ 2003).
Subsequent theoretical studies indicate that atmospheric escap... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:03:54",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6274",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6274"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The disk-halo interface is crucial for understanding the evolution of spiral galaxies. Star formation drives vertical hot gas flows in a process which is described by the galactic fountain \citep{shapiro_field_1976,bregman_1980} or chimney model \citep{norman_ikeuchi_1989}. In both models, the o... | {
"timestamp": "2012-07-16T02:01:30",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6569",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6569"
} |
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Pulsar nulling, which was first reported by \citet{bac70}, is a
phenomenon in which the pulse emission abruptly turns off for a
certain number of pulse periods, then suddenly returns to
normal. Early studies showed that the ``Nulling Fraction'' (NF),
i.e. the fraction of ... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:01:23",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6156",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6156"
} |
\section{Introduction} \label{section1}
Let $\mathcal{M}_0$ be a topological submanifold of $\mathbb{R}^N$ with boundary. In this paper we are interested in the problem of finding a Riemannian manifold $(\mathcal{M},g)$ which has \emph{minimal dilation} and satisfies $\partial \mathcal{M} =\partial \mathcal{M}_0$. In ... | {
"timestamp": "2013-07-17T02:07:38",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6039",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6039"
} |
\section{Introduction}
M5-brane is one of the most mysterious objects in M-theory \cite{Hull:1994ys}.
M2- and M5-branes, which are two important ingredients of M-theory, are known to support
strange numbers of light degrees of freedom on their worldvolumes \cite{Klebanov:1996un}.
Although the $N^{3/2}$ scalings f... | {
"timestamp": "2013-05-17T02:01:59",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6339",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6339"
} |
\section{Introduction}
The problem of bounding the size of a code depends heavily on the code family that we are considering. In this paper we are interested in three types of codes: linear codes, systematic codes and non-linear codes. Referring to the subsequent section for rigorous definitions, with {\bf linear code... | {
"timestamp": "2013-01-01T02:01:42",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6006",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6006"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Mathematical models are often employed to predict the behavior and evolution of complex physical, chemical, biological and economic phenomena.
Often more realistic mathematical models can be obtained by allowing for some randomness \cite{Oksendal}. In a dynamical system, for... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:03:53",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6271",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6271"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Observations over the last two decades have revealed central
massive black holes in all sufficiently well-observed massive
galaxies (e.g., \citealt{2011ApJ...738...17G}).
However, the case is not as clear for lower-mass
galaxies or globular clusters, and indeed although there is
evidence for ... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:01:34",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6167",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6167"
} |
\section{Introduction}
Over the last decade, there has been increasing interest in how network heterogeneity may affect nonequilibrium dynamics in qualitative ways \cite{barratbook}. One of the simplest and most important examples has been the susceptible to infected (SI) and suspectible to infected to removed (SIR) ... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:04:17",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6294",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6294"
} |
\section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Experimental and theoretical investigations of plasmon excitations in metallic nano-crystals rapidly grew up mainly due to possible applications in photo-voltaics and microelectronics. A significant enhancement of absorption of incident light in photodiode-systems with active... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-28T02:06:01",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6371",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6371"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{Sec:Intro}
Anomalies are a fascinating set of phenomena exhibited by field theories
and string theories. For the sake of clarity let us begin by
distinguishing between three quite different phenomena bearing that name.
The first phenomenon is when a symmetry of a classical action fails t... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-29T02:00:19",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6499",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6499"
} |
\section{Introduction}\label{intro}
In Toral's \cite{T01} \textit{cooperative Parrondo games}, there are $N\ge3$ players labeled from 1 to $N$ and arranged in a circle in clockwise order. At each turn, one player is chosen at random to play. Call him player $i$. He plays either game $A$ or game $B$. In game $A$ he... | {
"timestamp": "2012-06-29T02:01:43",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6567",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6567"
} |
\subsection*{Background}
\paragraph*{Linear logic, stratification and computational complexity}
At the heart of our work there is the so-called Curry-Howard correspondence, which sees logical proofs as programs, and cut-elimination as their execution. From this perspective, it is not so much the expressivene... | {
"timestamp": "2013-02-15T02:03:13",
"yymm": "1206",
"arxiv_id": "1206.6504",
"language": "en",
"url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/1206.6504"
} |
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