date int64 1,220B 1,719B | question_description stringlengths 28 29.9k | accepted_answer stringlengths 12 26.4k | question_title stringlengths 14 159 |
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1,601,408,329,000 |
I have two directories with same files but with some difference in their contents. I want to list down those files which are differing. For example
There are two folders Folder1 and Folder2 with files file1,file2,file3,etc. file2 of Folder1 is not similar to file2 of Folder2.
So my command should list file2.
How can... |
You can compare directories with diff:
$ diff -qr dirA dirB
Only in dirB: file.txt
Files dirA/README and dirB/README differ
| Difference between files in directory [duplicate] |
1,601,408,329,000 |
Background:
I use Obsidian to organize my notes as I study. It's an application which works "on top of" a collection of markdown formatted plain text files and then shows the links and connections between them graphically. The text files I stored within sub folders of a single folder
What I want:
Since I am studying f... |
This is literally a version control system that you're building there :)
Luckily, that is a problem that's already been solved. One of such tools is git (it's quite certainly also the most proliferate tool in that discipline).
I don't know obsidian, but assuming it doesn't even already come with some integration for g... | How to generate a list of daily changes to my notes? |
1,601,408,329,000 |
Trying to use this
#!/bin/bash
SIZE=$(redis-cli info | grep used_memory: | awk -F':' '{print $2}')
MAX=19000000000
if [ "$SIZE" -gt "$MAX" ]; then
echo 123
fi
But always getting: "Ganzzahliger Ausdruck erwartet"
When I echo SIZE I get a value like 2384934 - I dont have to / can convert a value or can / do I?
O... |
The numbers you use seems to be very big for bash. You can try something like:
#!/bin/bash
SIZE=$(redis-cli info | awk -F':' '$1=="used_memory" {print int($2/1000)}')
MAX=19000000
if [ "$SIZE" -gt "$MAX" ]; then
echo 123
fi
| Error when compare big numbers |
1,601,408,329,000 |
Doing here some file listing with find command as follows:
find /dir1/ -type f -exec md5sum {} + | sort -k 2 > dir1.txt
Then:
find /dir2/ -type f -exec md5sum {} + | sort -k 2 > dir2.txt
Noticed that were some equal hashes despite being different files, for example, an xxxxxxxx.jpg image file with same hash of an yyyy... |
The collision probability of md5sum is 1 in 264. Refer this post on crypto.se for more details.
SideNote: The contents of the file is hashed, filename doesn't play any role in hashing. Are you sure the files are differnent and not just the names?
$ md5 /tmp/files.txt*
MD5 (/tmp/files.txt) = 29fbedcb8a908b34ebfa7e4839... | Acuracy Level of md5sum Comparison |
1,601,408,329,000 |
I'm trying to compress some raw sensor data from older recordings that I need and don't want to remove from my Centos server.
The data recorded is in a proprietary format, but for all intents and purposes we can characterize it as 306 channel PCM 32-bit audio recordings at 1000 Hz. With a few hundred lines of clear t... |
Do you have documentation about the format? Write a small program to convert original format into a PCM wav + metadata +3d data, and back. If it's a superposition of signals on different frequencies, it should compress well with lossless audio compression algorithms, like FLAC.
FLAC is like MP3: It compresses audio da... | Weird compression question |
1,601,408,329,000 |
I have a text file with 2 columns first column is a name, second colomn is an time value. like:
cat 34M
dog 34M
fish 12M
ant 34M
I need to compare the second colomn for the same values, and if 1 is different that the rest I want to flag the entry.
So in this case, fish should be flagged because it is different fro... |
If the values fit in memory, which your 'up to 500' should, and depending on exactly what you want, awk can probably do it in one pass and (at least mostly) in one process.
To list any and all value(s) that occur once, in arbitrary order if more than one:
awk '!n[$2++]{a[$2]=$1} END{for(v in n)if(n[v]==1)print a[v],v}... | quickly compare values in a text file |
1,601,408,329,000 |
I have two files of each with 3 sequences (200 length each) with a header like this:
#File1
>1
TGATTGCATAACCACTTAACATCTTGTTTTATCTAAATAAAATTAAGCATGTTATCTTTTTGGGGCACTCCTGGGGCAGTAGATGCCAGTTGTTGATTCAGTATATCTACTTGTGACTGGTTATTATCCCGATTTTTTTAGTTTTAAGGTGTTGACATAGCCATCCATGCTCCATATACTGTATAGACCATCTGAGCGTT
>2
TGGGAAAACAGCA... |
$ cat tst.awk
BEGIN { wid = 30 }
sub(/^>/,"") { hdr=$1; next }
NR == FNR { a[hdr]=$0; next }
{
for ( hdrA in a ) {
strA = a[hdrA]
lgthA = length(strA)
for ( idxA=1; idxA<=(lgthA - wid + 1); idxA++ ) {
substrA = substr(strA,idxA,wid)
if ( index($0, substrA) ) {
... | Comparison of N identical continuous characters from a set of two files with sequences |
1,329,243,742,000 |
So I have a Palm Pre (original P100EWW) model that I enabled developer mode on, and installed a Debian Squeeze chroot. Works great. I have plans to use this for ANYTHING (bittorrent peer, web server) but a phone.
I noticed if I do a cat /dev/urandom > /dev/fb0 it actually writes random pixels to the screen until a N... |
To use the framebuffer as console you need the fbdev module. You may have to recompile your kernel.
You may also be interested in the DirectFB project, which is a library that makes using the framebuffer easier. There are also applications and GUI environments written for it already.
| How to use /dev/fb0 as a console from userspace, or output text to it |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I am not sure if it is the only possible way, but
I read that in order to put a single pixel onto the screen at a location of your choice one has to write something into a place called framebuffer.
So I became curious, if it is possible to enter into this place and write something into it in order to display a single ... |
yes, outside X-server, in tty, try command:
cat /dev/urandom >/dev/fb0
if colourfull pixels fills the screen, then your setup is ok, and you can try playing with this small script:
#!/usr/bin/env bash
fbdev=/dev/fb0 ; width=1280 ; bpp=4
color="\x00\x00\xFF\x00" #red colored
function pixel()
{ xx=$1 ; yy=$2
pr... | Is it possible to access to the framebuffer in order to put a pixel on the screen from the command line? |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I'm trying to make a PCMCIA tuner card work in my headless home server, running Debian Squeeze. Now, as I have very big troubles finding the correct command line to capture, transcode end stream the video to the network using VLC, I decided to go step by step, and work first on local output.
That's where the problem c... |
I can address your question, having previously worked with the Linux FB.
How Linux Does Its FB.
First you need to have FrameBuffer support in your kernel, corresponding to your hardware. Most modern distributions have support via kernel modules. It does not matter if your distro comes preconfigured with a boot logo,... | No framebuffer device: how to enable it? |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I'm running a Ubuntu 12.04 LTS as a home NAS server, without X. Recently I got into tuning it to serve as a video playing media device too. It might've been easier at this point to install X, but I decided to try mplayer with framebuffer playback. It worked, and everything was fine and good.
However, for curiosity and... |
Since nobody's answered yet, and after tedious hours of googling and testing, I got some grasp of the subject, I'm going to answer it...
Since framebuffer device interface is a quite general one, there could be more fb devices in principle. However, as the VESA driver I used provides a direct connection between a cert... | How can I add an additional framebuffer device in Linux? |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I want to rotate my console (not X Server) by 90 degrees (clockwise).
The following seems to work for me: echo 1 > /sys/class/graphics/fbcon/rotate; however, I'd prefer to use a kernel option in Grub, rather than including the above in the /etc/rc.local script.
The fbcon documentation outlines the following option tha... |
Figured this out. You may need to add video=efifb to ensure that the framebuffer console is used:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="video=efifb fbcon=rotate:1"
EDIT: The efifb driver is designed for EFI firmware only, especially Intel-based Apple computers. However, as I've found out, it also works for non-Apple PCs. I am runni... | Rotate console on startup (Debian) |
1,329,243,742,000 |
Goal: I'm writing a very simple image viewer for framebuffer /dev/fb0 (something like fbi).
Current state:
My software takes the pixel resolution from /sys/class/graphics/fb0/virtual_size (such as 1920,1080).
And then (for each row) it will write 4 bytes (BGRA) for each 1920 row-pixels (total 4x1920=7680 bytes) to /d... |
Programmatically, to retrieve information about a framebuffer you should use the FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO and FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO ioctls:
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <linux/fb.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
struct fb_fix_screeninfo fix;
struct fb_var_... | How can I get the number bytes to write per row for FrameBuffer? |
1,329,243,742,000 |
The QEMU options -display curses and -nographic -device sga (the serial graphics adapter) are very convenient for running QEMU outside of a graphical environment.
(think: remote ssh connection, rescue system etc.)
Both modes fail to work with framebuffer text mode, though. The new default with some Linux distirbutions... |
As of 2017, qemu doesn't provide text-mode-only graphics card emulation for x86-64 that would force a guest to stay in text mode.
Current distributions like Fedora 25 come with the bochs_drm kernel module that enables a frame buffer (e.g. 1024x768 graphics mode), by default. In contrast to that, e.g. Debian 8 (stable)... | Disable framebuffer in QEMU guests |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I was reading the "mplayer" man pages trying to play video using just the console, (I don't have or don't want to install X11). It mentions that I can use the kernel frame buffer device which is fbdev2. It works, but I don't know much about what the "kernel frame buffer" is. Can I configure it? Are there limitations t... |
The standard spelling is “framebuffer”, without space. In Linux kernel, fbdev is an (optional) graphic abstraction layer for video hardware (a.k.a. video card). Different video hardware needs different drivers (that may be loaded as kernel modules), but user-space software, such as mplayer, uses unified API writing to... | What is the kernel frame buffer? |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I'm working with an embedded platform and need to have /dev/fb0 clear for my own use (the device accessible over serial console while the screen is used to display information, without X.).
I've already changed default.target from graphical to multi-user, but now it opens getty with login prompt on the framebuffer de... |
lsof doesn't show anything with /dev/fb0 open.
It won't. There's a terminal emulator program built into the Linux kernel. It doesn't manifest as a running process with open file handles. It's layered on top of the framebuffer and the input event subsystem, which it uses internal kernel interfaces to access. It p... | Which systemd service starts text console on the framebuffer device? |
1,329,243,742,000 |
My system:
$lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS
Release: 14.04
Codename: trusty
Xvfb:
$ dpkg -s xvfb
Package: xvfb
Status: install ok installed
Priority: optional
Section: x11
Installed-Size: 2140
Maintainer: Ubuntu X-SWAT <[email protect... |
A solution seems to be to replace xvfb with a real X11 server using the dummy driver from the package xserver-xorg-video-dummy. This askubuntu answer provides an example Xorg.conf file, but most people seem to refer to this xpra wiki on using this driver, with its example conf file.
| Extension “RANDR” missing on xvfb |
1,329,243,742,000 |
When booting NetBSD, the old Tecra 720CDT that I have, works quite nicely in 1024x768x15 mode with vesa fb.
I always have to activate VESA when booting the system:
> vesa on
> vesa 0x116
> boot netbsd
Now, I was able to somewhat automatize this process by editing /boot.cfg:
menu=Boot normally:rndseed /var/db/entropy-... |
AFAIK, editing /boot.cfg is the preferred method. You can even specify more human-readable modes; I am using (on -current, 7.99 in a VirtualBox VM)
menu=Boot normally:rndseed /var/db/entropy-file:;vesa 1024x768x32; boot netbsd
I think having this in the kernel somehow without it being compiled in would be bad - if y... | How to enable VESA framebuffer as default in NetBSD 6.1 |
1,329,243,742,000 |
Does the kernel, framebuffer, or a framebuffer driver (uvesafb) have an option to specify the video-card output to use?
The kernel only outputs to one monitor:
Kernel message buffer (before and after framebuffer initialization)
Framebuffer (if specified in kernel command-line)
Virtual console (tty's etc)
Note: I hav... |
I swapped the cables to the video card... simple ... brilliant!
| Specify Monitor For Linux Console |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I am locally on a machine without root rights. X forwarding is disabled.
Remotely I am running a process on a machine without a screen, using the Xvfb virtual framebuffer which simulates an X server but discards any image displayed. This works reasonably well.
Now, some things are not working, and I need to debug by ... |
xpra is your friend: http://xpra.org/. Install xpra on server and client.
Start xpra server over ssh with
xpra start-desktop ssh:user@server:XVFBDISPLAY --use-display --start-via-proxy=no
Alternatively: If you are already logged in to the server, you can start xpra server with
xpra start-desktop :XVFBDISPLAY --use-di... | How to display an X11 screen from a remote machine? (Alternative to ssh -X) |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I'm writing my own display server as an educational exercise. Where in the Linux kernel tree would I look for documentation on the console's graphical mode?
Basically, as I understand it, Xorg takes over the tty device and also takes over the raw hardware. How can I find documentation on duplicating that action?
|
Sorry for repeating but take a look to Nano-X sources.
git clone git://microwindows.org/microwin
In particular take a look to the files:
drivers/kbd_tty.c
drivers/scr_fb.c
What is done in the tty driver is very similar to what Xorg does, and The devfb driver is a very simple and clean implementation.
Linux's devfb f... | Where would I start looking for documentation on the graphical mode of the Linux console? |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I am trying to have the tty (at boot) to display on a secondary monitor than what it currently starts on, or even better - to have multiple tty's running at once on different displays, as is described here
(In section C3) after trying to work this out and running:
cat /proc/fb
and getting an output of
0 EFI VGA
I ... |
For Nouveau:
Judging from the Forcing modes section, and the drm_fb_helper.c source linked from there, it looks like you need to write a custom driver and override the drm_fb_helper_single_add_all_connectors with your own routine to get multiple framebuffers for different outputs.
Not easy to do if you are not a prog... | How to get tty to display on another monitor (using nvidia drivers) |
1,329,243,742,000 |
Recently ran into a situation where I need to install headless TeamViewer on a CentOS 7 server on Linode. This requires /dev/fb0 in order to function.
So far it has not been clear on how to enable the framebuffer (/dev/fb0). What do we need to do to install kernel support for a virtual machine?
|
I know this is old question, but still valid. In order to have /dev/fb0 you need to have the frame-buffer enabled in your kernel.
To check you can grep it from kernel configuration (from currently running
grep CONFIG_FB_ /boot/config-3.10.0-693.17.1.el7.x86_64
For virtual environment you probably need VESA enabled so... | Enabling /dev/fb0 on a CentOS 7 virtual machines? |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I'm trying to set up my Linux console - the bare TTY terminal without X.
I tried to capture this problem with asciinema but interestingly, it didn't show up there, So I captured it with my own camera, here is a link to the video.
It doesn't appear in [n]vim only, It is completely random and it appears sometimes on the... |
O.K, here is why the problem occurs:
It's because Neovim provides the guicursor option which should be set only when using a graphical terminal inside X11 that supports it. In a bare TERM=linux tty, using the option is not supported.
I'd managed to isolate this problem when I launched Vim instead of Neovim. and becaus... | Linux Console prints the letter 'q' randomly |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I am accessing /dev/fb0, the screen's frame buffer, in console mode, Debian 10, using a HP Envy Touchsmart laptop, using fwrite standard C function.
I read this page:
https://techoverflow.net/2015/06/21/querying-framebuffer-resolution-in-linux/
It states that "cat /sys/class/graphics/fb0/virtual_size" should return fb... |
You can probably find the value in /sys/class/graphics/fb0/stride which is the length of the line in bytes according to the source. You need to divide by the bits_per_pixel divided by 8 to get the stride in pixels.
| How do I get fb0 scanline length? |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I need a to set a font larger than 32x16 for my framebuffer console. As far as i know 32 is the maximum you can do.
Is there a workaround? I'm fine with starting an alternate framebuffer terminal (but which one?). I can't run X and i can't lower the resolution of my display.
My /etc/default/console-setup looks like th... |
A bit late, but fbterm can do it fbterm -s 40
| How do i set framebuffer console font > 32x16? |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I'm running a Raspbian Buster server with no Xserver. I want to display wallpaper on a connected television but /dev/tty1 keeps over writing /dev/fb0 either with a blinking cursor or just refreshing randomly 60 seconds later after I make the cursor invisible (from [email protected]). My new strategy is to completely... |
To stop /dev/tty1 from overwriting the buffer I'm using
systemctl stop [email protected] and then make the cursor invisible with..
/usr/bin/tput civis > /dev/tty1
This allows me access to console after reboot should I lose access via ssh.
| How can I prevent a TTY (e.g. /dev/tty1) from writing to the framebuffer (/dev/fb0)? |
1,329,243,742,000 |
I run Xvfb with command:
Xvfb :1 -screen 0 100x100x16 -fbdir /tmp
And it's working fine. I can connect via VNC, and now under /tmp directory I have Xvfb_screen0 binary file.
I thought it will act like /dev/fb0 so I tried to change its settings with fbset like:
sudo fbset -fb /tmp/Xvfb_screen0 -xres 500 -yres 500
Bu... |
I am not certain that Xvfb supports resizing. If your main interest is VNC, perhaps you should try TigerVNC. It's a modern VNC server that supports RandR and Xinerama. Screen resizing and multiple monitors work very well in TigerVNC.
| Changing Xvfb frame buffer resolution while it's running |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I'm currently rendering video in Linux directly to the framebuffer using GStreamer.
I was wondering how I would go about hiding the virtual console while rendering. I can stop the cursor from blinking, but that only works when no text changes on the console.
X seems to create a new screen accessible with Ctrl(+Alt)+F7... |
X does not create a new screen.
To use the same display and input event devices that the kernel's built-in terminal emulator is using (to present its virtual terminals) a program must arrange to share them. The kernel's terminal emulator provides an API through which such a program can negotiate when it has responsib... | Best practice for hiding virtual console while rendering video to framebuffer |
1,399,927,094,000 |
If I can see a movie from the console (like in this post), then how can I use other apps like Firefox from the console? I'm looking for something that works in Ubuntu, Fedora, or OpenBSD.
|
The general answer is: you can not. Framebuffer is a different (you can say: more "basic") way of interfacing the graphics than an X server creates. Only the apps that where designed to utilize a framebuffer are able to do it. And there aren't many graphical apps which contain such support - the framebuffer is mostly ... | How to run an app in a framebuffer? |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I have some embedded Linux ARM chip with LCD display on frame-buffer. I connect to chip with serial console. I can access frame-buffer directly with low-level commands.
However I need to draw some figures or even sprites. I am searching something. Can for example SDL run on frame-buffer without X, or there is similar ... |
DirectFB might be what you are looking for. If you needed higher level API, SDL should be able to use it as its backend.
| What is the easiest way to draw graphics on Linux framebuffer? |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I've been designing a Linux distro and trying to incorporate a nice user experience into it in the form of pleasing art and an interface that won't confuse or overwhelm first-time Linux users.
The problem I'm working on now is attempting to bring up a loading screen during boot process that either has a progress indic... |
Have you looked at fbsplash?
It is lightweight, and doesn't require X11. Nor does it require kernel patching.
There is a package in the Arch user repository that includes a script for filesystem check progress messages and other features...
| Creating a boot splash screen |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I'm using uvesafb to get a simple framebuffer on a Intel 945GME embedded graphics controller. That works fine.
The PC has a single combined DVI+VGA output connector and both outputs currently show the same graphics.
AFAIK that controller should be able to show different screens on the two outputs (ie. dual monitor set... |
The answer is simple: it is not possible with uvesafb as it was not tailored for that purpose.
Xorg uses XrandR and recent multiple monitor configurations use Kernel Mode Setting (KMS), which recent video drivers are designed to use as well. You might therefore have better chances with KMS and an Intel 945GME. I have ... | dual monitor with uvesafb / Intel 945GME? |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I have fbterm installed and I'm attempting to use it with the solarized color scheme. I have not been able to find any information about this. The colors are already added to my .Xresources and working with xterm. Is there any way to use this colorscheme in the framebuffer?
|
Really? TWO downvotes? I DO use this script AND its been deemed "the right answer". WTF?
Following up on @Thomas Dickey's answer with regards to solarized script
fbterm's initc uses decimal values not hexidecimal values so you will need to rewrite most of it. Once done, it is invoked within another script (eg /etc/p... | Solarized colorscheme in fbterm? |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I want do display a png image on a framebuffer on an embedded Linux.
I already found the manpage of png-fb:
man fb-png
But I could not find a source for that. Does anybody know the source for that program?
Alternatively, is there another program to display a png image on a framebuffer?
|
I use fbi (frame buffer image) for that.
Sources are also available for fbi improved
| Display a png image file on a framebuffer: png-fb source |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I want to write a linux driver which maps my specified memory address space to /dev/fb0.
the driver should be specified by what part of linux? drm or frame buffer or server X or somthing else? Which properties should I have in my driver?
|
The driver is a linux kernel module.
Download the source of the linux kernel, have a look at the code of the existing framebuffer drivers in drivers/video/fbdev (github here) and the documentation in Documentation/fb (github). Google for tutorials how to write kernel modules, practice with a simple module first.
Just ... | mapping linux /dev/fb0 to DDR for displaying |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I have a python application that uses pygame to access the framebuffer directly without using X. I want to start this application on startup instead of showing the console login prompt. I haven't found any good resources which explains how I would do it.
Just the same way gdm is started instead of showing a console lo... |
You can try to run directy on the inittab... try to edit the /etc/inittab and replace the
1:2345:respawn:/sbin/getty 38400 tty1
with
1:2345:respawn:/usr/bin/python /srv/game/game.py
If the game crashes, init will restart it again. The game probably needs to know that is should open tty1 (or any other at your choice... | How do I start a gui framebuffer (no X) application on startup instead of console login prompt? |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I'm running Linux (Debian 10) on a Chromebook (Eve) using a stock Chrome OS kernel (4.4.x) with minor modifications. Everything runs (mostly) fine except that TTY console cannot be accessed via Ctrl+Alt+Fn, which does switch framebuffers as intended (i.e. Ctrl+F1 switches to DM and Crtl+F2 switches to desktop), but th... |
After noticing that /dev/fb0 didn't exist despite having loaded fbcon and a framebuffer device module, I figured it out:
Build i915 as a loadable module instead of built-in and make sure that legacy fbdev support is enabled. (Building it as a loadable module is perhaps not necessary, I only did it to ensure I could b... | How can I enable TTY console? |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I have an Apple MacBook that is running a Linux From Scratch system that I have built. It is a minimal system, just booting into a bash prompt, with no X Window System installed. The graphics chip is an Intel GMA 950, which uses the i915 driver. Previously, I had it booting up into the framebuffer console; however, I ... |
To post an answer to my own question:
The reason it wasn't working was because the fbcon module wasn't being loaded during boot, even though it had been built and installed. Running modprobe fbcon to load the module immediately made the console appear on my screen. I have added fbcon to /etc/sysconfig/modules and it's... | How can I get my framebuffer console working? |
1,399,927,094,000 |
A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away I had fixed boot screen using this nice solution. Since that time I have been looking for the way to move framebuffer in virtual console slightly to the right and down, relatively to X screen position (or vice-versa), because it is shown in wrong position, and part of symbols ... |
I'm afraid the core of your problem is very much related to the use of VGA. The problem is that VGA signaling is analog. Basically, the analog signals emitted by the video card on hte VGA port are meant for driving the electromagnetic coils and adjusting the output of the electron gun in an old-school, tube-based moni... | How can I move framebuffer or X screen relative position? |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I'm trying to forward video file to the framebuffer on my device that has no X. I'm using gstreamer with fbdevsink plugin.
When I test it with
gst-launch-1.0 videotestsrc ! fbdevsink
it works perfectly.
However when I try to open any video file on my device with command
gst-launch-1.0 filesrc location=right_top1.mp4... |
I finally drop gstreamer and used ffmpeg without any more issues.
Command looks like this:
ffmpeg -fflags nobuffer -flags low_delay -rtsp_transport tcp -stimeout 1000000 -i <RTSP_stream_addr> -pix_fmt bgra -loglevel
| Got EOS from element "pipeline0" on gst fbdevsink |
1,399,927,094,000 |
Trying to calibrate touchscreen for Qt apps with tslib on ARM-device. When running ts_calibrate or ts_test, they both work (i.e. return info about touches) and ts_calibrate successfully calibrates touchscreen when touching the screen somewhere around where checkpoints should be, but the screen is just black.
Qt apps (... |
Turns out it was incorrectly configured framebuffer driver to blame, probably color depth or bit setup. So terminal console just drew itself black on black and ts-calibrate tool wasn't working. Also fbcon wasn't enabled in kernel options.
Strangely Qt app worked anyway though.
| tslib tools don't draw anything on the screen |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I want to update the console-setup.service to detect screen resolution using fbset -s and adjust console font size accordingly. For fbset, I need /dev/fb0 to be present, but I don't know which service I should create a dependency on. How is /dev/fb0 created on startup?
|
/dev/fb0 is created by the kernel as soon as the first framebuffer display driver has detected and initialized the respective display controller hardware.
If that driver is built into the kernel, it might effectively already be there when userspace processes start running.
If you add a udev rule like:
SUBSYSTEM=="grap... | Which service creates /dev/fb0 node? |
1,399,927,094,000 |
A framebuffer is a device file which allows for a simplified interface to the screen.
For example running the below code on a RaspberryPi with a HDMI display connected:
cat /dev/urandom > /dev/fb1
There are commands (fbi, fim) which allow for injecting full images into the framebuffer.
There are multiple resources on... |
The “hidden relationship” is related to the fact that Linux supports multiple virtual terminals, which means that the framebuffer can be used by a number of different terminals. Programs which manipulate the framebuffer directly need to be aware of which terminal currently owns the framebuffer:
When such a program st... | Relationship between framebuffer and a tty |
1,399,927,094,000 |
On an older computer running Linux (using vesafb, musl libc, busybox), Netsurf will occasionally segfault in low memory situations. When it does so, the last image stays visible on the display, and typing seems to do nothing, including trying to switch VT using Ctrl-Alt-Fx. I'd like to know why it does this, and how t... |
This is caused by SDL setting the terminal mode to KD_GRAPHICS and input to K_MEDIUMRAW. KD_GRAPHICS causes the terminal to stop drawing to the display, while K_MEDIUMRAW causes the input to be passed as keycodes (not characters). By resetting both values to KD_TEXT and K_XLATE or K_UNICODE, the terminal can be (at le... | Linux framebuffer not reverting to text console when netsurf crashes |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I try to 'mirror' a Linux console (not Xserver) from a Dell laptop to an external monitor connected with HDMI cable. The graphic card is Intel UHD 620. What's the best approach?
Initial net search indicates that KMS might be helpful. Is that correct?
This question seems to be similar to Specify Monitor For Linux Conso... |
I checked on two different (Dell) laptops with i915 family graphic card. In both cases kernel with option described in https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Intel enable mirroring of a laptop screen on a remote monitor. I didn't need to do any configuration.
To make clear I was testing a text console, not Xserver. Both laptops... | Two screens/monitors in Linux console (FB not Xorg) |
1,399,927,094,000 |
I have a raspberry pi running some software (I have the source) that needs user interaction and has a special (USB) keyboard with only 3 keys.
The program runs on framebuffer (SDL) and is launched remotely; I need this program to react to the key presses, but seems impossible if the user is not logged in locally.
What... |
I solved this by reading the raw input device and parsing it similarly to https://stackoverflow.com/a/2554421/3530257
| Use/Grab the only keyboard with no user logged locally |
1,645,546,339,000 |
I've recently built a Linux From Scratch system on my Apple Macbook laptop; however, I've been struggling to understand the graphics hardware and what kernel driver options I need to enable.
The LFS system is (currently) a fairly minimal system that boots up into Bash, but doesn't have the X Window system or any DE. T... |
I've been doing some research into this myself, and the short answer seems to be: yes - I need a framebuffer to enable the console.
According to the Wikipedia article on the Linux Console, the console has two modes: text mode and framebuffer. From the description, it seems that the text mode is quite basic and may not... | Do I need a framebuffer driver for a minimal CLI system without X? |
1,645,546,339,000 |
I'm exploring the linux frame buffer, /dev/fb0, and when I run sudo fbset -i from a virtual console in Gnome 3 (using Terminator) on Fedora 23, it reports the dimensions of the frame buffer as 1280x768, but my Gnome desktop resolution is 1680x1050. Why is fbset telling me that the frame buffer is 1280x768?
Full output... |
The short answer You are running the command in one display, and fbset is telling you about another one. These two displays are the framebuffer, which runs the tty? CLI screens, and the display manager, which provides your Gnome session.
The longer answer The framebuffer is used while you boot, and for the text conso... | Why does fbset -i report a different resolution? |
1,645,546,339,000 |
When I boot my Linux machine with UEFI and grub2, I get only few graphic modes (resolution modes) available. And both of them are really smaller than my monitor/screen. For example, the boot console resolution gets set to 800x600 while my screen is 1920x1080, and the picture looks really bad.
My GPU is Nvidia, but I d... |
Boot Level Vs. Kernel Level
From the OP's Comment:
@eyoung100 I'm able to view and select EFI GOP modes in the grub2 menu. But there are only two modes available: 800x600 and 1024x768. My display is 1920x1080, and these modes look awfully on it (especially if I use Xorg with efifb). That's why I can't use EFI framebu... | Low resolution in the EFI/VGA early boot framebuffer/console (and in GRUB) |
1,645,546,339,000 |
I'm using Xorg with the FBDEV driver, configuration:
Section "Device"
Identifier "Device0"
Driver "fbdev"
Option "fbdev" "/dev/fb0"
Option "ShadowFB" "false"
EndSection
I got a new framebuffer device to my system, it's /dev/fb1. I adjusted the config:
Section "Device"
Identifier "Device0"
Driv... |
Xorg's FBDEV driver requires a BusID option to be passed in Config, not only a path to the framebuffer's char-device. I don't know why is that, but here is how to configure it:
First is to figure out the "bus id" of the framebuffer device. Assuming that the wanted framebuffer device is fb1:
ls /sys/class/graphics/fb1/... | Xorg FBDEV refuses to use the specified framebuffer |
1,645,546,339,000 |
Given some x86_64 linux stock kernel running one single GPU embedded into whatever pci-e extension board.
cat-ing /proc/iomem, I can realize that some space is reserved in RAM and associated to the Video ROM.
Can I rightly assume that this is nothing but an exact copy of the BIOS (or equivalent) code for dealing wit... |
Not quite. iomem entries describe physical address uses; system RAM is marked as such, anything else describes ranges of addresses which aren’t used for RAM. The “Video ROM” entry points to the actual ROM (well, flash in practice). On x86 it is mapped on systems using a BIOS or CSM; systems booted through UEFI might ... | Video rom part of iomem usage |
1,645,546,339,000 |
I'm trying to change the colors in the virtual terminal. So far I've tried:
echo -en "\e]PXYYYYYY"-style escapes
writing to /sys/module/vt/parameters/default{red,grn,blu}
the PIO_CMAP ioctl
At this point I'm suspecting that there's a kernel feature I'm missing. My current kernel config is here, my uname -r is 4.9.95... |
Looks like this was an issue with my setup -- redshift seems to block \e]R from working.
| Kernel Feature needed to change framebuffer colors? |
1,645,546,339,000 |
In order to port an embedded project from an ARM target to Linux/x86, I have to create a Debian VM (I'm using Virtualbox right now) which starts in framebuffer mode with 640x480 resolution.
I used the systemctl set-default multi-user.target command to make the VM start on framebuffer, but it seems it cannot go below 8... |
In case this can be of any help for other people, I was able to boot in VGA mode with the following change in /etc/default/grub:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="nomodeset"
instead of
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet"
This enables all the startup messages and, for some reason, also keeps the console in VGA resolution. ... | Cannot force Debian to start in Framebuffer 640x480 resolution |
1,487,372,617,000 |
I would like to have multiple NICs (eth0 and wlan0) in the same subnet and to serve as a backup for the applications on the host if one of the NICs fail. For this reason I have created an additional routing table. This is how /etc/network/interfaces looks:
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.168.178.2
netmask 255.255.2... |
Solved it myself.
There seems to be very little information about the networking stuff that you can do with Linux, so I have decided to document and explain my solution in detail. This is my final setup:
3 NICs: eth0 (wire), wlan0 (built-in wifi, weak), wlan1 (usb wifi
adapter, stronger signal than wlan0)
All of the... | Is it possible to have multiple default gateways for outbound connections? |
1,487,372,617,000 |
I'm trying to configure the network interface on embedded linux using ifconfig:
ifconfig eth0 192.168.0.101 netmask 255.255.255.0
but I don't know how to add the default gateway as an ifconfig parameter,
Any Ideas?
|
ifconfig is not the correct command to do that.
You can use route like in route add default gw 192.168.0.254 for example.
And if route is not present, but ip is, you can use it like this: ip route add default via 192.168.0.254 dev eth0, assuming that 192.168.0.254 is the ip of your gateway
| How to set the Default gateway |
1,487,372,617,000 |
Simple setup here. I have a machine with multiple network interfaces, two for example - eth0 and eth1.
eth0 has a static address and has a default gateway assigned.
eth1 has a static address and will not have a gateway on that interface's network address range.
The Question
Do I need an entry in network configuration ... |
You do not need a gateway entry for any NIC that you don't want to use to reach a network not in its collision domain (192.168/16 in this case). You can just omit that line if you don't want a gateway for that NIC.
I'm not sure what will happen if you try to use loopback as a gateway, but I wouldn't expect it to be h... | Static IP address without a gateway |
1,487,372,617,000 |
What is the difference between the following?
Host foo
ProxyCommand ssh example.com -- /usr/bin/nc %h %p 2> /dev/null
and
Host foo
ProxyCommand ssh -W %h:%p example.com
Which one should I prefer when? Is either of them faster or more efficient in some way?
|
The two settings do the same thing. The -W option was added in 2010 and is described as a “netcat mode”.
Use ssh -W if you don't need compatibility with versions of OpenBSD prior to 4.7 or with portable OpenSSH prior to 5.5 (I think). Use nc if you do need to support older versions of OpenSSH. ssh -W is preferable if ... | SSH Gateway in ~/.ssh/config |
1,487,372,617,000 |
Let me try to explain my home network setup:
┌────────────────────┐
│ Internet │
│ Public IP: 1.2.3.4 │
└──────────┬─────────┘
│
┌──────────────────┴─────────────────┐
│ ISP Modem │
│ Forward everything to AP Router ... |
TL;DR (1st method only)
On Desktop:
ip route add 192.168.10.0/24 dev eth0 table 1000
ip route add default via 192.168.10.1 dev eth0 table 1000
ip rule add iif lo ipproto tcp sport 22 lookup 1000
The problem
The problem here happens on the Desktop.
With a different layout where the NUC reliably intercepts all flows e... | Port forwarding does not work using different gateway |
1,487,372,617,000 |
I have this server for a while, and was present on other questions.
A while ago, I've changed the network and the gateway IP was changed too.
Since then, there is no internet on this machine.
I need access to the internet to update the machine and (sometimes) to install packages I need for development.
What I've tried... |
Your broadcast address should be 192.168.1.255, not 192.168.1.1.
| Can't change the default gateway with static IP |
1,487,372,617,000 |
I am building a router with a RPi (Raspbian). It has 3 network interfaces:
eth0: Connected to the Internet (IP/Gateway from DHCP)
wlan0, wlan1: local WLAN interfaces (each serving its own SSID as AP)
Moreover a have a VPN connection tun0 to a remote network, which is connected to the internet itself.
Now I want:
al... |
You need to create a second routing table and use policy based routing.
Applied to your case you need to:
Setup the first default route using the main routing table. This table will be used for the traffic generated locally and for the traffic from wlan1 :
ip route add default via <gateway_reachable_by_eth0> table ma... | Configure two Routers on one Device |
1,487,372,617,000 |
I have 2 different home internet connections and I have an IP from each router's LAN (such as 10.0.0.2/24 and 10.0.1.2/24 with each ISP's routers being the .1) configured on my private server, which then distributes internet access to my network.
The problem is when one of my ISPs goes down I have to manually change m... |
does the Linux kernel support setting to check an IP through a gateway and using the state of that route to also change my gateways?
No. Something like that is not in scope for the kernel. You should do it in userspace.
The usual kind of software daemon that has the job of controlling and maintaining your routing ta... | Does the Linux kernel support changing gateways based on state of IP outside your network? |
1,487,372,617,000 |
I'm running BGP using FRR on Debian Linux on several machines. My question might end up having to do with something in the FRR/BGP configuration but I'm trying to understand at a more basic level why a particular IPv6 route selection is happening (from the Linux kernel).
I have a machine "a3" which is peered with "a1... |
It's a multipath route: both gateways are used, one has no precedence over the other, but for a specific destination (and other factors), the same gateway will be used to avoid disturbing flows using it. So if very few destinations are used or tested, one gateway might appear to be favored over the other.
A multipath ... | Unexpected Route Selection |
1,487,372,617,000 |
Context
I'm currently neck deep in building an internet gateway out of an old fanless, headless Intel Atom/ITX computer I had laying around. These are my requirements:
have an ipv4 and ipv6 ip provided by my ISP's DCHP assigned to the internet-facing interface
recieve an ipv6 prefix provided by my ISP's DHCP.
have a ... |
So, I said the next step was to write scripts. Well, here they are.
To explain, the solution I've come up with has two main parts. A template for the dhcpd.conf file. And a script to query the needed data from dhcpcd, parse it, apply it to the template, save the result as /var/local/dhcpd6-lan.conf, then restart dhcpd... | DHCP-PD on wan side with Stateful DHCPv6 assigned globally routable ips on lan side. Need to dynamically configure DHCPv6 on lan side |
1,487,372,617,000 |
I have an embedded system running Ubuntu 18.04 LTS that has a 3G modem and an Ethernet interface (eth0).
Both of these interfaces have access to Internet.
When the internet is unavailable on the Ethernet interface (cable is unplugged), I want to set the default gateway to the one of the 3G modem automatically, so the ... |
Similar to this question : https://askubuntu.com/questions/948453/internet-connection-stops-after-one-interface-is-down-in-ubuntu-server I will use NetworkManager to manage my connections (3G too).
However, when the internet access is lost on the interface that has the lowest metric, the system cannot access to intern... | Use the internet access of another network interface when the main one is down |
1,487,372,617,000 |
I know how to assign a default gw to an interface with an IP
ip route add default via <host> dev <dev>
# e.g.
ip route add default via 192.168.0.101 dev eth0
The problem is that the IP of eht0 in my scenario is externally managed. Therefore the previous command will not work if the IP of eth0 is changed.
Is there a s... |
Some modem cards are doing Proxy ARP. That means you can tell the default route is through the card without gateway and your system will start issuing an ARP request for any IP (eg ARP for 8.8.8.8 following a ping 8.8.8.8), since the card looks like ethernet, as if the whole Internet was on the LAN. If the card is doi... | Define network interface as the default gw independently of IP |
1,487,372,617,000 |
I’m using a Beaglebone Black running a webserver on a Debian system. The BBB is working as a DHCP + DNS (using dnsmasq) in a local network (192.168.5.xyz) with no direct internet access. I can easily connect devices that retrieve an IP from the BBB. So far so good.
In case I’m at home for example, I’d like to add inte... |
You see the route is added by connmand (ConnMan daemon). It's not related to the normal interfaces settings but a separate config. If You cannot disable it completely (don't know whether it's needed for Your BBB what ever the hell that is) You have to look at that's configuration. If You would post that configuration ... | How to prevent an unwanted default gateway to be added during reboot |
1,487,372,617,000 |
I am using a private hotspot to connect a Raspberry Py to internet. I've setup the password and the ssid in the /etc/network/interfaces file. With this configuration I'm able to connect to the wifi but I can't connect to internet.
pi@tenzo /etc $ ping google.com
PING google.com (173.194.40.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
... |
A gateway would need to be configured in your interfaces file; e.g., something like
iface wlan0 inet static
address 192.168.x.y
gateway 192.168.x.z
netmask 255.255.255.0
would work (where x is your network number, y the address for your host, and z the address for your gateway). Obviously you need to reta... | How to set up the gateway for wlan0? |
1,487,372,617,000 |
Given the below configuration, how can I undo the routers option for the inner group so that certain machines don't get told what the default gateway is from the outer group?
group {
# A bunch of options go here which should apply to all clients.
option domain-name-servers ...
option routers 192.168.0.1;
# Th... |
Use "option dhcp-parameter-request-list" to limit the parameters that the DHCP server can return to the client. see man page for dhcp-options (5).
In that innermost group add something like:
option dhcp-parameter-request-list 1,2,6,12,15,42,51,53,54,61,119;
Note that the routers option has a code number of 3, so we a... | How to override isc-dhcpd option in child group, to hide default gateway |
1,487,372,617,000 |
The output of the route command is coming as below. This is in a virtual machine.
My question is that why the value of Gateway for default destination coming as "gateway" and not as the IP Address of my router?? Also why are there two rows for eth0?
|
The value of Gateway for default destination coming as "gateway" because route command is resolving the name of the IP, so if you want to show the IP use route -n that tell it to not resolve the names. look to the man page of route for more info.
For the second question, one raw for the subnet of the network which is ... | Default value of Gateway in route o/p |
1,616,146,937,000 |
I am running OpenBSD 4.4, I copied the template from https://markshroyer.com/guides/router/ch07.html for /etc/pf.conf and edited it to match my network.
When I start it I get syntax errors on only three lines that I didn't need to edit:
match on $if_wan scrub (reassemble tcp random-id max-mss 1440),
match out on $if... |
The syntax I was using was for a newer version of PF, and in order to fix it I just upgraded to the latest version of OpenBSD.
| Configuring OpenBSD's PF as a router |
1,616,146,937,000 |
I'm using the following /etc/network/interfaces configuration on a Debian machine:
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 10.0.0.5/24
gateway 10.0.0.1
auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
address 192.168.1.5/24
gateway 192.168.1.16
The output of route shows that the very last line of th... |
from my understanding you are only able to have one default route which it seems debian will take the first interface configured with a gateway as the default route. in your case eth0, if you are attempting to route to a different subnet within your local network. Your system is on 192.168.1.0/24 network but you would... | Isn't the gateway statement supposed to work for a subnet? |
1,616,146,937,000 |
I have a physical system with Centos 6 as OS. In eth0 I set IP, gateway and netmask as below and the physical port is attached to a switch port that its VLAN is 12.
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
UUID=20b60816-f5eb2e4
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.60.2
GATEWAY=192.168.50.55
NETMASK=255.255.2... |
Well, it seems gateway (also known as default gateway) is something different from what you think it is, since the way you have it configured looks incorrect to me.
The default gateway defines how the machine should try to reach an IP in a network it doesn't know about, which is not in any of the networks directly att... | system get wrong gateway when bonding |
1,616,146,937,000 |
when i cat the file
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens192
a line showing the gateway for ens192:
GATEWAY=10.2.2.2
but when i run netstat -r or route
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window irtt Iface
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 ens192
10... |
You misunderstand the meaning of a gateway. You need a gateway for reaching an IP address which is not link-local.
10.2.2.0/255.255.255.0 is link-local thus you do not need a gateway for it. This entry does not show which gateway is used but which interface is used for this subnet.
| What is difference between the gateway in ifcfg-ens192 and the one print by route |
1,616,146,937,000 |
I want to set up a continuous task that pings a gateway every second. How would I go about it? The most performance friendly solution would be best.
No output needed, I just want it to ping.
|
If you aren't too exact with your 1 second timeframe, you can use an infinite loop in a shell script:
#!/bin/sh
while true; do
ping -i 1 192.0.2.0
done
Should ping exit, the loop starts it again. -i option sets the interval between pings.
| How to set up a ping task on Antergos/Arch Linux? |
1,616,146,937,000 |
I want to use a dedicated Debian 7 machine as a gateway for a LAN in my home.
My machine has two network cards eth1 (external Internet) and eth2 internal LAN.
This eth2 is the one which has an IP address like 192.3.1.1 and is used as the default gateway for your internal machines.
I saw this article but the script ... |
You might want to checkout Shorewall, is a tool for configuring iptables. Its really easy and powerful. Shorewall is in debian repos, you can install it with apt-get.
And theres some preconfigured files for the two interfaces setup in:
/usr/share/doc/shorewall/examples
Some useful documentation:
http://www.shorewal... | How to setting up a simple Debian 7 as a gateway? |
1,616,146,937,000 |
I have a Debian Linux VPN router myvpnserver with 2 interfaces, eno1 and eno2:
eno1 is connected to a LAN and an internet router. On this interface with static IP address, myvpnserver has its default gateway (to the Internet). OpenVPN connects to a VPN server using this internet connection.
eno2 is connected to a swi... |
The next steps to take might be as simple as adding one policy rule and one routing table entry.
You can try:
ip route add default via 172.17.100.1 table 1000
ip rule add type unicast iif eno2 table 1000 pref 30000
I'm assuming that 172.17.100.1 is the other end of your VPN tunnel.
I used the numerical value of 1000 ... | Route all traffic from one interface (default gateway) through OpenVPN / tun0 - policy based routing, dependent on source address/interface |
1,616,146,937,000 |
I have a linux (RHEL 7) server on a network and the default gateway is set incorrectly. How can I find out what the default gateway should be, without asking a Network Administrator?
|
If you have access to another host on the same network segment, look at its TCP settings. Chances are, the same Default Gateway will work for another host on the same segment. Do not assign the same IP address.
If the IP address of the RHEL7 host was set via DHCP and it was assigned a different (presumably incorrect... | How can I find out what my default gateway should be? |
1,616,146,937,000 |
I get this error while configuring a network in Virtual Box with Linux.
I have 2 gateways (192.168.10.5 and 192.168.20.5) that are connected to 2 hosts. The first first host has address 10.0.10.100 and is connected to the gw via 10.0.10 1 while the other has 10 0 20 100 and is connected to the other gw via 10.0.20.1.... |
The tunnel between the gateways needs to be a common network.
One way would be to set its network mask to 255.255.0.0, so that all 192.168.x.x addresses are on the same network.
If you want to keep the 255.255.255.0 network mask, both gateways need to have 192.168.10.x (or 192.168.20.x) addresses.
| SIOCADDRT error: no such process |
1,616,146,937,000 |
Router1 is gateway for another router(2).
Router1 has set 10.0.0.1/8 lan network to which router2 is attached. 10.0.0.1 is obviously the bridge ip address of lan as well as assigned gateway ip for router2.
Router1 has the following rule that successfully blocks every try from router2 to reach destination different tha... |
Turns out I had concurrent 10.0.0.0/8 network bridged with my other 10.0.0.0/8 network.. So when the Drops were actually happening it was picking up packets from the other network which is different and the router has no way to control it.
| Unable to block traffic with iptables |
1,616,146,937,000 |
I need to add a static route to my internet service provider's router. Unfortunately, this router does not provide such a modification option for an end-user.
The reason I need the static route is so that clients in that LAN will know where to send packets for a remote LAN which is connected via wireguard.
So my solut... |
The comments to my question suggest to disable the first DHCP server which is proably a valid thing to do. However, I do not seem to have any troubles so far running two servers, because the second one is non-authorative and the ranges are separated. He seems to hand out two IPs so far to my two test clients. (I might... | How to setup gateway on second DHCP server? |
1,418,256,754,000 |
When I try to log in to gmail with mutt, it flashes a quick Webalert with a url, something like accounts.gmail.com or something. It's too quick for me to see or copy it. Then it says Login failed.
Then I get an email from Gmail saying:
Google Account: sign-in attempt blocked
Hi Adam,
We recently blocked a sign-in a... |
I finally got it to work by enabling Google 2-step verification and using an app-specific password for mutt.
More detail:
I enabled 2-step verification on my Google account, which means that when I log in to Google, I have to enter a pin number from either a text or from the Google Authenticator app.
Then I had to get... | Gmail blocking mutt |
1,418,256,754,000 |
Which Linux tools help to backup and restore a IMAP mail account including all mail and subfolders?
I expect disconnects for large IMAP accounts because of
ressource limitiations on the server
risk of an interruption increases with the duration.
The software should be able to reconnect and continue the job after a... |
A 7 year old question, which I've searched for now, and there are a few answers, most of are spot on. But I feel at least one is missing, and there is probably room for more:
Timeline of answers:
Back in 2014 Mehmet mentioned imapsync
This is probably still the most focused solution maintained out there, as this is a... | Backup and restore IMAP mail account with (open source) Linux tools |
1,418,256,754,000 |
When using Postfix and IMAP on a mailserver, at least 3 ports are usually opened
25 smtp : incoming emails from anybody (whole internet)
465 smtps : outgoing emails from authorized users (to the whole intenet)
993 imap : imap for authorized users
I would like to configure postfix, so that authorized users can onl... |
WARNING:
The request does not follow best security practice because you disable TLS (encryption) on your main mail relay port, exposing data sent through that port to third-party listeners and/or in-flight modification. The answer below satisfies the request, but best practice requires STARTTLS for the port 25 connect... | Postfix: disable authentication through port 25 |
1,418,256,754,000 |
Unsetting mutt's configuration variables imap_user, imap_pass (and perhaps preconnect, imap_authenticators as well) via an account-hook . "unset ... " call, seems to be common practice, if not a necessity, for handling multiple imap accounts (see Managing multiple IMAP/POP accounts (OPTIONAL), Mutt imap multiple accou... |
You can set username and password directly, but it doesn't work when you use an account-hook, so probably the account-hook doesn't work.
An account-hook consists of a regexp for the mailboxes, and those commands which should be executed if a mailbox matches the regexp.
Since the commands (set imap_user, set imap_pass)... | Why does mutt keep asking for imap username and password? |
1,418,256,754,000 |
I am searching for a small new-email-notifier for IMAP mailboxes that displays it's status in the icon-bar (how do you call it?) of a window manager.
Basically some biff/xbiff like tool ported to 21th century technology. ;)
I am using awesomewm, which is able to display in its taskbar the 'applets' (?), which also wor... |
I am now using Trysterobiff. It is a non-polling IMAP mail notifier for the
systray. It implements the requirements, including the execution of external
commands and does not crash.
I've written it using Qt, thus Trysterobiff is quite portable. The non-polling
operation is implemented using the IDLE extension of IMAP,... | IMAP mail notifier for window manager/task bar? |
1,418,256,754,000 |
I'm quitting GMail but attempting to avoid the headaches that come with administering my own Internet-facing IMAP server. I have access to a commercial IMAP account, and I'd like to continue to use that account.
Basically the way I'd like it to work is that mail is downloaded to my server and deleted from my mailbox ... |
Dovecot supports the IMAP SEARCH function, plus it's a pretty simple IMAP service to run. It can read a variety of mailbox formats, so as long as you use fetchmail to deliver into the appropriate format (or to procmail), it should work fine.
As for webmail interfaces, there are so many, I wouldn't know where to start... | Roll-your-own GMail alternative |
1,418,256,754,000 |
How does one interactively rename an IMAP folder within the mutt MUA? Currently, if I want to change a folder name, I use the gmail web browser interface, but this is rather inefficient. Is there an equivalent of the unix mv command in mutt?
When I search for this topic on google, the search results pertain to renamin... |
You can rename IMAP folder in mutt, while you are changing a folder and you are in the list of folders:
'c?'
(change folder, then use a list of folders).
When you are on the folder, which has to been renamed, use 'r' key and you will be asked for the new name of folder.
| mutt: rename IMAP folder |
1,418,256,754,000 |
I am using Thunderbird + IMAP. Thunderbird caches messages locally in:
.icedove/asdfgh.default/ImapMail/mail.example.com/
For each IMAP folder, there are files Folder and Folder.msf.
I have noticed, when I delete an email with large attachment, and then delete it from Trash also, than the trash file .icedove/asdfgh.d... |
Its similar to how the data in a rm'd file will still be there until the disk space is reused. Thunderbird marks it free, but doesn't actually free it (which could involve moving later messages in the file, etc.).
The way to make it actually free it is to compact the folder. Right-click the trash and select 'Compact'.... | Thunderbird: deleted emails are still in local IMAP folder |
1,418,256,754,000 |
I am on tmux, with mutt in an inactive window. If IMAP flags change on a message through external means, I see the visual bell and the status bar changes, drawing my attention to the e-mail client. That works well.
What I would like to do but still can't get to work is:
Get a proper notification about incoming e-mail... |
You could call a small script from your tmux status bar that updates with any new mail:
#!/bin/bash
# Set maildirs
maildirs="$HOME/Mail/*/INBOX/new/"
find $maildirs -type f | wc -l
And in your .tmux.conf:
set -g status-right "#[fg=yellow,bright]Mail: #(tmuxmail) ..."
This count will be updated according to the status... | Mutt new e-mail notifications in tmux window |
1,418,256,754,000 |
I have a Gmail account, mutt is configured to get the mail through IMAP. Yesterday I subscribed to a mailing list and now my personal emails are mixed up with the ones from the list.
The list emails are addressed to me and [email protected]. How can I tell mutt to move all such emails to a separate file, so they would... |
There are several options depending on what you are wanting to achieve and what you are wanting to do to get there.
Get the IMAP server to do the filtering for you.
This is sometimes an option in web-mail based solutions and allows you to filter the messages based on e.g. the addresses listed in the To: or Cc: header... | How to categorize incoming emails |
1,418,256,754,000 |
I have headless debian/raspbian linux machine and I would like to backup all my emails via IMAP including all mail and subfolders once daily (connection is secured with SSL/TLS. it should run automatically from cronjob every day).
This backup should store the same emails as I have on my default mailserver - so it mea... |
Use getmail. It's a nice python program which can be used to download mails from servers. The website is a bit dated, but the software is recent and well maintained. Here is an example config file:
[options]
delete = False
[retriever]
type = SimpleIMAPSSLRetriever
server = my-servername
username = my-username
pass... | backup emails from IMAP in readable form |
1,418,256,754,000 |
I have set up Dovecot on my Postfix mailserver. My mailserver is using Maildir format:
home_mailbox = Mail/inbox/
A user's Mail directory looks like this:
$HOME/Mail/inbox
$HOME/Mail/drafts
$HOME/Mail/sent
$HOME/Mail/trash
I have set up mailboxes in Dovecot accordingly
mail_location = maildir:~/Mail
namespace inbox... |
By default Dovecot uses Maildir++ directory layout for organizing mailbox directories. This means that all the folders are directly inside ~/Maildir directory, and:
~/Maildir/new, ~/Maildir/cur and ~/Maildir/tmp directories contain
the messages for INBOX.
You can read more about the layout here
Thus what you complain... | Dovecot ignores settings for mailboxes |
1,418,256,754,000 |
I always get a message:
IMAP Authentication canceled
And then:
Retrying plain authentication after [ALERT] application-specific
When I look at my google security settings I can't find any option to create an application specific password to associate with Alpine on my laptop.
https://productforums.google.com/forum... |
Do as recommended by Andreatsh in the comments.
Go to http://myaccount.google.com
Then "Sign-in & security" -> "Signin in to Google" -> "App password"
Once you create the one time password you will also have to run:
touch ~/.pine-passfile
This makes it so when you enter the gmail folder on Alpine you will be asked i... | pine (Alpine) with GMail 2-step Authentication enabled? |
1,418,256,754,000 |
I search a solution to download (for archiving) a large mail directory via imap from a mail-server and stores all mails in a local maildir. I need a robust solution, which repeatedly tries if time-outs occur. So far I have tried using regular mail clients for this. Apparently the server restricts downloads in a way wh... |
Try isync which sounds like it should fit your purpose:
isync is a command line application which synchronizes mailboxes; currently Maildir and IMAP4 mailboxes are supported. New messages, message deletions and flag changes can be propagated both ways. isync is suitable for use in IMAP-disconnected mode.
| Download big imap directory to maildir |
1,418,256,754,000 |
I'm studying and learning about how mail is handled in linux systems, and one thing has become a source of confusion for me. On my iPhone, via IMAP, I can mark a message in my Gmail inbox as read, or I can move it to another folder ("label" in Gmail speak). Then when I later view my Gmail account via web interface, ... |
No. When you read email via IMAP, the mail stays on the server. The client just downloads individual messages as needed to display them. When you mark it read or move it to a folder, the client just sends a message to the server asking it to do that.
When fetchmail downloads a local copy, what happens to that copy ... | Does fetchmail support these IMAP features? If so, how? |
1,418,256,754,000 |
I'm in the process of configuring Gnus to retrieve emails from my gmail account via IMAP. I have done as recommended at https://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/GnusGmail, however I keep on getting errors from Gnus upon startup:
Opening connection to imap.gmail.com via tls...
nnimap (gmail) open error: 'NO (ALERT) Please log i... |
Gmail does not allow IMAP access by default from clients that don't meet its nebulously-defined security standards - I ran into the same thing testing some scripts I was writing with Python's imaplib. You need to go to the website and enable connections from less secure apps.
Information page from Google (includes dir... | GNU Emacs Gnus can't connect to gmail IMAP |
1,418,256,754,000 |
A remote CentOS 7 web server is able to successfully receive email sent from elsewhere on the internet addressed to [email protected] . An app running on the same CentOS 7 server is able to use JavaMail to make an IMAP connection to the dovecot Maildir where the incoming messages get stored. So what do I have to add... |
After some back-and-forth through comments and chat the OP's problem is now resolved. The IMAP server needed to be specified as imap.mydomain.com instead of mydomain.com although for some reason this only worked when set using the advanced account settings, not using the account creation dialog box.
In addition to men... | unable establish remote imap connection, why not? |
1,418,256,754,000 |
so i poked around and found out that DEFDOMAIN="@domain.se" is messing things up, so i removed that from /etc/courier/imapd and i got to the point where SMTP work and i get this from the IMAP:
Jul 2 13:23:10 HOST authdaemond: Authenticated: sysusername=anton, sysuserid=<null>, sysgroupid=20001, homedir=/storage/vmail... |
Ok so the good guys over at daemonforums.org solved it for me!
Disabled IMAP_MAILBOX_SANITY_CHECK=0 in /etc/courier/imapd and added that exact same line to /etc/courier/imapd-ssl did the trick.
Also not sure if it helped or if it would have worked anyway i did:
maildirmake /storage/vmail/anton/Maildir which is the Mai... | Courier IMAP - Account's mailbox directory is not owned by the correct uid or gid |
1,418,256,754,000 |
I have recently started using mutt to access my email account via IMAP.
My IMAP connection settings are as follows:
set ssl_starttls = yes
set ssl_force_tls = yes
set imap_user = "[email protected]"
set smtp_url = "smtp://[email protected]@smtp.domain.tld:[port]/"
set folder = "imaps://imap.domain.tld:[port]"
set host... |
The authentication type PLAIN means there is no specific security protocol for the password itself on the IMAP protocol layer.
But the authentication still happens within the TLS1.2 connection, so unless TLS negotiation has accepted a NULL encryption, the whole connection, including the transmission of the password is... | IMAP authentication by Mutt: Is Mutt transmitting password in plaintext? |
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